Ahmad, F, Rawat, S, (Chunhui) Yang, R, Zhang, L, Fanna, DJ, Soe, K & Zhang, YX 2025, 'Effect of Metakaolin and Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag on the Performance of Hybrid Fibre-Reinforced Magnesium Oxychloride Cement-Based Composites', International Journal of Civil Engineering, vol. 23, no. 5, pp. 853-868.
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Abstract This study investigates the effect of ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBFS) and metakaolin (MK) on the strength and ductility of magnesium oxychloride cement (MOC) based hybrid basalt and polyethylene fibre reinforced cementitious composite (FRMOC). MOC was chosen as the matrix due to its unique properties and environment friendliness as a green cement. MK and GGBFS were selected as primary additives to reinforce the MOC matrix owing to their outstanding performance in cementitious composites, coupled with their widespread availability and sustainable characteristics. The influence of GGBFS and MK on physical and mechanical properties of FRMOC was studied in this paper through extensive physical and mechanical testing and microscopic analysis. It was found that the hardened density of FRMOC was not significantly affected by these additives, and it ranged from 1909.3 to 1976.0 kg/m3, retaining its lightweight characteristics. Compressive strength of specimens cured for one day reached approximately 69.1–84.0% of that for specimens cured for 28 days, indicating the high early strength characteristics of the material. All FRMOC specimens exhibited tensile strain hardening properties, with tensile strength and strain capacity ranging from 6.74 to 8.58 MPa and 1.14 to 2.22%, respectively. The mix containing 30% GGBFS, 0.75% basalt fibre, and 1.25% polyethylene fibre was identified as the optimum MOC mix with enhanced compressive strength (73.9 MPa), tensile strength (8.52 MPa), and strain capacity (2.22%). Microscopic analysis further revealed that the addition of GGBFS-MK blends did not alter the primary phase composition of hydration products but essentially promoted the formation of phase 5, demonstrating their effectiveness in enhancing the performance of FRMOC.
Ahmad, F, Rawat, S, Yang, RC, Zhang, L & Zhang, YX 2025, 'Fire resistance and thermal performance of hybrid fibre-reinforced magnesium oxychloride cement-based composites', Construction and Building Materials, vol. 472, pp. 140867-140867.
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Akbarzadeh, M, Oberst, S & Halkon, B 2025, 'Manipulation of an acoustically levitated object using externally excited standing waves', The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, vol. 157, no. 3, pp. 1852-1861.
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Ultrasonic standing waves can be used to manipulate the position and control the movement of levitated objects through acoustic radiation forces. Within this context, the theory of the Gor'kov potential function and its acoustic contrast factor are revisited, considering the scenario of a harmonic disturbance to the standing wave and its influence on the levitated spherical object. This disturbance causes a levitated object—trapped within a standing, plane ultrasonic wave field in an ideal fluid—to undergo oscillations in sympathy with the resulting motion of the wave field. In this paper, we determine how the acoustic contrast factor depends on the properties of the object, the fluid and the external excitation, in combination. We show that positive, negative, and zero acoustic radiation forces can be achieved, causing the object to be pushed towards the nearest pressure or velocity node. We experimentally verify—through external excitation of an ultrasonic standing wave generator—that the disturbance vibration frequency and amplitude are transmitted to the object. The dependence on the external excitation amplitude and force reversal are novel features that can be employed in acoustic manipulation for non-contact dynamic characterization of small objects.
Alandoli, EA, Fan, Y & Liu, D 2025, 'A review of extensible continuum robots: mechanical structure, actuation methods, stiffness variability, and control methods', Robotica, vol. 43, no. 2, pp. 764-791.
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AbstractExtensible continuum robots (ECRs) offer distinct advantages over conventional continuum robots due to their ability to enhance workspace adaptability through length adjustments. This makes ECRs particularly promising for applications that require variable lengths involving the manipulation of objects in challenging environments, such as risky, cluttered, or confined. The development of ECRs necessitates careful consideration of mechanical structures, actuation methods, methods of stiffness variability, and control methods. The selection of papers is based on their relevance to ECRs within the period of 2010 to 2023 in the databases of Scopus and Web of Science. Distinguishing itself from other review papers, this paper aims to deliver a comprehensive and critical discussion about the advantages and disadvantages of ECRs concerning their mechanical structures, actuation methods, stiffness variability, and control methods. It is a beneficial resource for researchers and engineers interested in ECRs, providing essential insights to guide future developments in this field. Based on the literature, existing ECRs exhibit an inherent trade-off between flexibility and structural strength due to the absence of systematic design methods. Additionally, there is a lack of intelligent and effective controllers for achieving complex control performance and autonomous stiffness variability.
Al‐Badri, AR, Al‐Waaly, AAY, Saha, G, Saha, T & Saha, SC 2025, 'Improving Thermal Performance in Building Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning Systems: A Study of Natural Convection and Entropy in Plus‐Shaped Cavity', Heat Transfer, vol. 54, no. 3, pp. 2235-2250.
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ABSTRACTThe impact of building design on energy efficiency has been widely studied, with cavity cooling emerging as an effective solution for indoor thermal comfort, where obstacles within the cavity can enhance fluid flow and improve natural convection heat transfer (HT). This research builds on the principles of cavity cooling for indoor thermal comfort, investigating entropy generation and HT behavior in a unique plus‐shaped cavity containing a cold cylindrical element, analyzed through Computational Fluid Dynamics simulations. The Rayleigh number (Ra) ranges from 103 to 106, with a fixed Prandtl number (Pr) of 0.71, representing air as the working fluid, radius (r) of the cylinder ranges from 0 to 0.1, where r = 0 indicates no cylinder. The results indicate significant shifts in flow structure and temperature distribution across the cavity at varying Ra values, impacting the local and global entropy generation. High Rayleigh numbers lead to enhanced convective flows, intensifying entropy production near the cylinder surface due to steeper thermal gradients and vigorous recirculation zones. The increase in Ra from 103 to 106 leads to an increase in Nuavg from 24.27 to 56.40 for the model without a cold object while from 39.62 to 123.83 for the model with a cold object. Moreover, the maximum enhancement in Nuavg was 137.48% for Ra = 105. Whereas, for the same value of Ra = 105, the maximum increase in Egen and Be wa...
Alempijevic, A, Vidal-Calleja, T, Falque, R, Walmsley, B & McPhee, M 2025, '3D imaging for on-farm estimation of live cattle traits and carcass weight prediction', Meat Science, vol. 225, pp. 109810-109810.
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This study presents a 3-dimensional (3D) imaging system, operating at processing speed, deployed at a commercial feedlot, that assesses hip height (cm), subcutaneous fat thickness at the P8 site (mm), and hot standard carcass weight (HSCW, kg) from the shape of individual live cattle. A two-part study was conducted: Study 1 evaluated measured hip height (cm) on 247 steers and ultrasound scanned P8 fat (mm) on 219 steers versus projections from 3D images; and Study 2 evaluated abattoir HSCW on 32 Angus steers versus predictions from 3D images. Hip height was directly estimated from the 3D images, while P8 fat and HSCW were predicted using a model based on features extracted from these images through supervised learning with Gaussian Processes. The models were evaluated using cross-validation. The measured hip height versus live estimates from 3D imaging resulted in a RMSE = 3.07 cm, and R2 = 0.69. The ultrasound scanned P8 fat versus live predictions from 3D imaging resulted in a RMSE = 2.38 mm, and R2 = 0.78; and the abattoir HSCW versus live predictions from 3D imaging resulted in a RMSE = 8.15 kg, and R2 = 0.79. The design of the 3D imaging system, with multiple cameras, was installed into a traditional race for processing cattle and effectively operates with variation in length and breeds of cattle. The 3D imaging system demonstrates the feasibility of adoption by the beef industry that creates value through the integration of 3D imaging and BeefSpecs into a technology called CattleAssess3D.
Al‐Waaly, AAY, Paul, AR, Saha, G & Saha, SC 2025, 'Exploring Heat Transfer and Entropy Generation in a Dual Cavity System', Heat Transfer, vol. 54, no. 3, pp. 2279-2292.
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ABSTRACTThis study investigates heat transfer and entropy generation in a dual‐cavity system filled with air, focusing on the effects of uniform and nonuniform heating conditions on natural convection. The system features heated left walls, cooled right walls, and insulated remaining walls, presenting a novel approach to thermal management. This research employs COMSOL Multiphysics and finite element method to study the interplay between Rayleigh numbers () and heat transfer efficiency, focusing on thermal patterns and irreversibility. The findings indicate that as Ra increases, convective heat transfer improves significantly, with the average Nusselt number rising from 15.23 at Ra = 103 to 74.61 at Ra = 106 under uniform heating conditions. However, this improvement comes at the cost of increased entropy generation, which escalates from 2.91 to 307.74, highlighting a trade‐off between enhanced heat transfer and greater irreversibility. These results underscore the need to optimize Ra values to achieve a balance between thermal efficiency and entropy generation. The insights gained from this study have practical implications for designing energy‐efficient cooling systems in electronics and microfluidic devices, as well as for architectural designs targeting improved thermal management.
Al-zqebah, R, Guertler, M & Clemon, L 2025, 'Powder bed fusion factory productivity increases using discrete event simulation and genetic algorithm', Production Engineering, vol. 19, no. 1, pp. 29-45.
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Abstract Powder bed fusion is importance is growing with uses across industries in both polymer and metallic components, particularly in mass individualization. However, due to the relatively slow mass deposition speed compared to conventional methods, scheduling and production planning play a crucial role in scaling up additive manufacturing productivity to higher volumes. This paper introduces a framework combining discrete event simulation and a genetic algorithm showing makespan improvement opportunities for multiple powder bed fusion factories varying workers, jobs and available equipment. The results show that bottlenecks move among workstations based on worker and capital equipment availability, which depend on the size of the facility indicating a resource-driven constraint for makespan. A makespan reduction of 78% is achieved in the simulation. This shows the trade-off of worker and capital equipment to achieve makespan improvements. The addition of personnel or equipment increases production with further gains achieved by scheduling optimization. Two levels of job demands are analyzed showing productivity gains of 45% makespan improvement when adding the first worker and additional savings with scheduling optimization using a genetic algorithm up to 11%. Most research on additive manufacturing production has focused on the quality of produced parts and printing technology rather than factory level management. This is the first application of this methodology to varying sizes of these potential factories. The method developed here will help decision-makers to determine the appropriate number of resources to meet their customer demand on time, additionally, finding the optimal route for jobs before starting the production process.
Arqam, M, Raffa, LS, Spisiak, S, Clemon, L, Luo, Z, Ryall, M, Islam, MS & Bennett, NS 2025, 'Computational and experimental analysis of a novel triply periodic minimal surface heat sink with phase change material', Journal of Energy Storage, vol. 117, pp. 116121-116121.
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Baum, CM, Sick, N & Bröring, S 2025, 'Drivers for the emergence of interdisciplinary knowledge areas: An actor-level perspective on building legitimacy for the case of synthetic life sciences', Technovation, vol. 141, pp. 103173-103173.
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Bayat, A, Das, PK, Saha, G & Saha, SC 2025, 'Optimizing proton exchange membrane electrolyzer cells: A comprehensive parametric analysis of flow, electrochemical, and geometrical factors', International Journal of Thermofluids, vol. 27, pp. 101177-101177.
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Cai, J, Yuan, Y, Pan, L, Pei, Z, Zhang, Y, Xi, X, Ukrainczyk, N, Koenders, EAB, Zhang, L, Zhang, YX, Pan, J, Wang, Y & Xie, W 2025, 'Intelligent Thermoelectric Sensing with Sustainable Strain‐Hardening Geopolymeric Composites', Small Science, vol. 5, no. 3.
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Traditional thermoelectric (TE) building materials are limited in both performance and durability, requiring enhancements for effective energy solutions. This research investigates strain‐hardening geopolymeric composites (SHGC) for TE sensing applications. The influence of metal oxides on mechanical strength and TE characteristics is evaluated using isothermal calorimetry, computed tomography scanning, and focused ion beam (FIB)–transmission electron microscopy analysis. At ambient temperature, SHGC samples with MnO2 exhibit the highest Seebeck coefficient of 5470 μV K−1 with a measured power density of 29 μW m−2. Despite the presence of small strain cracks, the SHGC maintains about 69% of its original ZT value even after long‐term use. This discovery underlines the durability and efficiency of SHGC, demonstrating their potential for future infrastructure applications. The cost‐effectiveness, temperature‐sensing abilities, and environmental advantages of SHGC make them well suited for large‐scale smart applications.
Cao, HQ, Karimi, M, Williams, P & Dylejko, P 2025, 'Passive control of hydro-elastic vibrations of plates using shunted piezoelectric patches', Thin-Walled Structures, vol. 206, pp. 112493-112493.
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Chen, Z, Ji, JC, Ni, Q, Ye, B, Ding, X & Yu, W 2025, 'Bi-structural spatial–temporal network for few-shot fault diagnosis of rotating machinery', Mechanical Systems and Signal Processing, vol. 227, pp. 112378-112378.
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Clemon, L 2025, 'Constitutive Relation for Prolate Pin–Reinforced Transversely Isotropic Media for Additive Manufacturing', Journal of Engineering Mechanics, vol. 151, no. 2.
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Cullen, M & Ji, JC 2025, 'Online defect detection and penetration estimation system for gas metal arc welding', The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, vol. 136, no. 5-6, pp. 2143-2164.
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Du, T-K, Lin, Y, Ji, J-C & Ding, H 2025, 'Series gravity-based track nonlinear energy Sinks: Design and experiment', Mechanical Systems and Signal Processing, vol. 229, pp. 112559-112559.
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Gajjar, T, Yang, R, Ye, L & Zhang, YX 2025, 'Effects of key process parameters on tensile properties and interlayer bonding behavior of 3D printed PLA using fused filament fabrication', Progress in Additive Manufacturing, vol. 10, no. 2, pp. 1261-1280.
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Abstract Fused Filament Fabrication (FFF), also known as Fused Deposition Modelling (FDM), is one of the innovative 3D printing technologies for fabricating complex components and products. Mechanical properties of 3D-printed components mostly depend on intricate process parameters of 3D printing. This study experimentally investigates the effects of four key process parameters, including layer thickness, raster angle, feed rate, and nozzle temperature, on the tensile properties and interfacial bonding behaviours of FFF printed Polylactic Acid (PLA), and their failure mechanisms. The effect of the key parameters on surface roughness is also evaluated, which is critical for enhancing manufacturing and material performance, expecting to provide a potential guide for optimisation of the FFF printing process for improving product quality. The experimental results demonstrate that tensile strength improves up to 10 and 7% with increasing nozzle temperature (200 °C to 220 °C) and low feed rate (60 mm/sec to 40 mm/sec) during the 3D printing process. The tensile strength increases up to 12% with decreasing layer thickness (0.4 mm to 0.2 mm) and 40% with decreasing raster angle (90° to 0°). The experimental findings on surface roughness indicate that FFF-printed PLA samples were significantly influenced by the layer thickness and raster angle, and an improvement in surface roughness is observed with the increase of nozzle temperature and reduction in feed rate. Microstructural SEM analysis was conducted to investigate the ruptured surfaces of the FFF printed PLA samples, focusing on the interlayer bonding quality and morphological characteristics including the effect of void formation, poor adhesion, and insufficient fusion between adjacent surface contact area with the effect of printing parameters. The feed rate and nozzle temperature were found to substantially influence the interlayer bonding between two adjacent s...
Gong, Z, Fang, B & Wei, D 2025, 'A hybrid springback compensation method for geometry complexity in stamping', The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, vol. 136, no. 11-12, pp. 4815-4828.
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Abstract Springback compensation is a crucial approach to maintaining the accuracy of stamping parts with complex features. It has been challenging to determine the position of a characteristic point at the geometrical features during springback compensation. The currently available numerical approaches are not always sufficiently accurate and reliable, particularly when high-strength steels are increasingly used for lightweight structures. An enhanced hybrid method named springback path–displacement adjustment (SP-DA) method has been developed based on the well-known conventional displacement adjustment (DA) method to resolve the issue. A finite element method (FEM) model of stamping owning geometry complexity was established, and ST14F, BH300 and DP500, representing low, medium and high-strength steels, respectively, were selected for the study. Springback analyses were conducted, and the springback paths were acquired in the FEM simulation, based on which the spatial position of a node on the mesh of the compensation model was obtained using the SP-DA method. Its effectiveness was first verified numerically, and then, experiments were conducted to validate that the new SP-DA method could significantly increase the accuracy of springback compensation. Stamping of high-strength steels can benefit most from the proposed SP-DA method.
Huang, X, Saha, G, Paul, AR, Tahan, A & Saha, SC 2025, 'A computational fluid dynamics analysis of BiPAP pressure settings on airway biomechanics using a CT-based respiratory tract model', Respiratory Physiology & Neurobiology, vol. 333, pp. 104397-104397.
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Kamlade, PK, Panta, J, Mammone, M, Yang, RC, Mildren, RP, Wang, J, Ibrahim, M, Thomson, R & Zhang, YX 2025, 'Degradation behaviour and damage mechanisms of carbon fibre reinforced polymer composite laminates subjected to laser irradiation', Composites Part C: Open Access, vol. 17, pp. 100605-100605.
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Larpruenrudee, P, Bennett, NS, Fitch, R, Sauret, E, Gu, Y, Hossain, MJ & Islam, MS 2025, 'The enhancement of metal hydride hydrogen storage performance using novel triple-branched fin', Journal of Energy Storage, vol. 123, pp. 116659-116659.
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Le, DT, Sutjipto, S, Nguyen, DDK & Paul, G 2025, 'Design, Integration, and Field Testing of a Digital Twin-Based Teleoperated Rock Scaling Robot', IEEE Transactions on Field Robotics, vol. 2, pp. 188-207.
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This paper presents the design, integration, and field testing of a digital twin-based teleoperated rock scaling robot aimed at improving safety in mining operations. Traditional rock scaling, which involves the removal loose rocks to prevent rockfall, poses significant risks to mine site workers. The proposed solution is a teleoperated custom mobile manipulator capable of rope-based abseiling locomotion, equipped with an air chipper end-effector. Teleoperation is facilitated by live digital twins of the robot and environment, with a virtual reality (VR) interface that allows operators to perform rock scaling tasks within an immersive virtual reconstruction of the remote scene. The robot's hardware design and sensing capabilities are detailed, along with the system's teleoperation architecture. Key components include the integration of an optimised, hardware accelerated, image-based point cloud streaming implementation; a markerless depth-camera extrinsic calibration process suitable for field settings; and the system’s teleoperation interfaces featuring a cyber-physical VR interface with affordance feedback. Field tests at a sandstone quarry and an open-pit mine demonstrate significant improvements in operator safety, and highlight the system’s ability to withstand harsh mining environments while performing teleoperated rock scaling at its current scaled-down size and power. We collected and analysed user data from rope access technicians with no prior experience in robot teleoperation or VR. The results suggest the system's intuitiveness with learning effects over time. Lessons from these site trials, including hardware and software limitations, are discussed, providing directions for further robot design improvements and enhancements to the digital twin teleoperation architecture.
Li, C, Lai, JCS & Oberst, S 2025, 'Optimizing self-organized topology of recurrence-based complex networks', Chaos: An Interdisciplinary Journal of Nonlinear Science, vol. 35, no. 3.
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Networks and graphs have emerged as powerful tools to model and analyze nonlinear dynamical systems. By constructing an adjacency matrix from recurrence networks, it is possible to capture critical structural and geometric information about the underlying dynamics of a time series. However, randomization of data often raises concerns about the potential loss of deterministic relationships. Here, in using the spring-electrical-force model, we demonstrate that by optimizing the distances between randomized points through minimizing an entropy-related energy measure, the deterministic structure of the original system is not destroyed. This process allows us to approximate the time series shape and correct the phase, effectively reconstructing the initial invariant set and attracting dynamics of the system. Our approach highlights the importance of adjacency matrices derived from recurrence plots, which preserve crucial information about the nonlinear dynamics. By using recurrence plots and the entropy of diagonal line lengths and leveraging the Kullback–Leibler divergence as a relative entropic measure, we fine-tune the parameters and initial conditions for recurrence plots, ensuring an optimal representation of the system’s dynamics. Through the integration of network geometry and energy minimization, we show that data-driven graphs can self-organize to retain and regenerate the fundamental features of the time series, including its phase space structures. This study underscores the robustness of recurrence networks as a tool for analyzing nonlinear systems and demonstrates that randomization, when guided by informed optimization, does not erase deterministic relationships, opening new avenues for reconstructing dynamical systems from observational data.
Li, S, Ji, J, Feng, K, Zhang, K, Ni, Q & Xu, Y 2025, 'Composite Neuro-Fuzzy System-Guided Cross-Modal Zero-Sample Diagnostic Framework Using Multisource Heterogeneous Noncontact Sensing Data', IEEE Transactions on Fuzzy Systems, vol. 33, no. 1, pp. 302-313.
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Li, T, Zhao, S, Huang, Y, Lu, J & Burnett, IS 2025, 'A distributed adaptive wave field synthesis system', The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, vol. 157, no. 3, pp. 2221-2235.
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The conventional wave field synthesis (WFS) theory is based on the free field assumption and the performance of systems based on it deteriorates significantly in reverberant environments. By introducing an error microphone array to monitor reproduction errors, the adaptive WFS (AWFS) system adjusts the loudspeaker signals to correct the sound field in reverberant environments. The AWFS system utilizes a centralized control strategy with a single processor, which imposes a high computational burden on the processor due to global error estimation, limiting the application scale. To address this issue, this paper proposes a distributed AWFS (DAWFS) system for an acoustic sensor and actuator network using a distributed signal processing strategy. Simulation results in a rectangular room demonstrate that the proposed DAWFS system can achieve comparable sound reproduction performance to the conventional AWFS system, both at the near-field error microphone array and in the target listening area. A global computational complexity analysis shows that the proposed DAWFS system exhibits significantly lower computational complexity than existing AWFS systems in various application scenarios, especially for massive channel systems. The results further demonstrate the potential applicability of the proposed DAWFS system in realistic reverberant environments.
Li, Y, Feng, K, Noman, K, Ji, J & Li, Z 2025, 'Editorial: Application of digital twin technology in prognostic and health management of complex machineries', Measurement, vol. 239, pp. 115629-115629.
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Liu, D, Balaguer, C, Dissanayake, G & Kovac, M 2025, 'Preface', Infrastructure Robotics: Methodologies, Robotic Systems and Applications.
Lu, Y, Luo, Q & Tong, L 2025, 'Multi-objective and multi-constraint topology optimization of nonlinear compliant mechanisms', Thin-Walled Structures, vol. 208, pp. 112761-112761.
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Lu, Y, Luo, Q & Tong, L 2025, 'Topology optimization for metastructures with quasi-zero stiffness and snap-through features', Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering, vol. 434, pp. 117587-117587.
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Lu, Y, Luo, Q & Tong, L 2025, 'Topology optimization for pressurized nonlinear structures using substructure and experimental studies', Structural and Multidisciplinary Optimization, vol. 68, no. 2.
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Abstract A compliant structure under fluidic pressure can undergo relatively large shape change, but the design of such type of structure is challenging as the pressure distribution depends on detailed structural geometry. In this study, a novel mixed substructure-density (MSD) model is proposed for topology representation and update in the optimal design of nonlinear compliant structures under quasi-static fluidic pressure. An optimization algorithm is developed via implementing the present model by using super-elements in commercial finite element analysis (FEA) software. Numerical examples are presented to validate the present model, algorithm, and designs numerically via full linear and nonlinear FEAs. A planar cellular network with five cells arranged in parallel is then designed for representing a pressurized wing rib structure capable of modulating airfoil thickness variation. The test results of the single-cell and five-cell PCS specimens prototyped using polyurethane material show that the respective cell thickness can be reduced by 11.9 and 6.4% respectively under a cell pressure of 250 kPa.
Luo, J, Luo, Q, Li, Q & Sun, G 2025, 'Effects of tension-compression asymmetry on mixed-mode interlaminar fracture', International Journal of Mechanical Sciences, vol. 288, pp. 109948-109948.
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Lv, X, Yang, Y, Luo, Z & Tyo, JS 2025, 'Multimaterial 3-D-Printed FSSs for Ultrawide and Dual Passbands in the K-Ka Spectra', IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques, vol. 73, no. 1, pp. 75-86.
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Ma, W, Huang, S & Sun, Y 2025, 'SkyLoc: Cross-Modal Global Localization With a Sky-Looking Fish-Eye Camera and OpenStreetMap', IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems, vol. 26, no. 5, pp. 5832-5842.
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Mammone, M, Panta, J, Mildren, RP, Wang, J, Escobedo-Diaz, J, Mcgarva, L, Ibrahim, M, Sharp, A, Yang, R & Zhang, YX 2025, 'Advanced characterization of thermal degradation mechanisms in carbon fibre-reinforced polymer composites under continuous wave laser irradiation', Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing, vol. 192, pp. 108817-108817.
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Nair, SG, Nguyen, QD, Zhu, Q, Karimi, M, Gan, Y, Wang, X, Castel, A, Irga, P, Rocha, CGD, Torpy, F, Wilkinson, S, Moreau, D & Delhomme, F 2025, 'Suitability of calcined clay and ground granulated blast furnace slag geopolymer binder for hempcrete applications', Built Environment Project and Asset Management.
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PurposeHempcrete has the potential to reduce both CO2 emissions and energy usage in buildings. Hempcrete has a high sound absorption capacity, excellent moisture regulator and outstanding thermal insulation properties. However, hempcrete traditionally uses lime-based binders, which are carbon-intensive materials. The low-carbon binders to increase the sustainability of hempcrete are the current research gap. Geopolymer binders are low-carbon binders composed of aluminosilicate precursors dissolved in a high alkalinity solution. This study investigated the suitability of calcined clay and ground granulated blast furnace slag geopolymer binder as a low-carbon binder for hempcrete applications.Design/methodology/approachTwo types of hemp hurds with different water absorption capacity and particle size distributions were used. Hempcrete properties tested were compressive strength, bulk density, sound absorption coefficient by a two-microphone impedance tube and thermal conductivity by a Hot Disk system.FindingsThe particle size distribution and water absorption capacity of hemp hurds did not affect the compressive strength of hempcrete when following a mixing procedure, ensuring the hurds in a saturated surface dry condition. The geopolymer hempcrete achieved a compressive strength about four times higher than the reference hydrated lime hempcrete. All hempcrete specimens achieved outstanding acoustic performance. The increase in bulk density led to the decrease in the maximum sound absorption coefficient. The geopolymer hempcrete achieved the lowest thermal conductivity.Originality/value
Nguyen, PQK, Zohdi, N, Zhang, YX, Zhang, Z & Yang, R 2025, 'Study on material behaviours of additively manufactured high-impact polystyrene using artificial neural networks', Progress in Additive Manufacturing, vol. 10, no. 2, pp. 1461-1478.
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Abstract Fused Filament Fabrication (FFF), a process parameters-dependent manufacturing method, currently dominates the additive manufacturing (AM) sector because of its prominent ability to produce parts with intricate profiles, customise products, and minimise waste. Though the effects of FFF process parameters were investigated experimentally, recent research highlighted the importance of developing numerical modelling and computational methods on optimising the FFF printing process and FFF-printed materials. This study aims to investigate the tensile strength (TS) of FFF-printed high-impact polystyrene (HIPS) via devising a systematic testing and analysis framework, which combines experimental testing, representative volume element (RVE)-finite element method (FEM), rule of mixture (ROM), and artificial neural networks (ANN). HIPS samples are fabricated using FFF considering the variations of infill density, layer thickness, nozzle temperature, raster angle, and build orientation, and tested with standard tensile testing. The rule of mixtures (ROM) and its modified version (MROM) are employed to calculate the TS of longitudinally and transversely built samples at various infill densities, respectively, while an ANN model is constructed to investigate the effect of material anisotropy precisely. The optimal ANN architecture is built with five hidden layers with the number of neurons in each layer as 44, 82, 169, 362, and 50. Although both MROM and ANN perform well on the validation set, ANN exhibits superior accuracy with only a maximum error of 0.13% for training set and 11% for validation set. The combination of the RVE-FEM, MROM, and ANN approaches can significantly improve the FFF printing process of polymers for optimisation.
Nikolic, S, Quince, Z, Lindqvist, AL, Neal, P, Grundy, S, Lim, M, Tahmasebinia, F, Rios, S, Burridge, J, Petkoff, K, Chowdhury, AA, Lee, WSL, Prestigiacomo, R, Fernando, H, Lok, P & Symes, M 2025, 'Project-work Artificial Intelligence Integration Framework (PAIIF): Developing a CDIO-based framework for educational integration', STEM Education, vol. 5, no. 2, pp. 310-332.
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Paul, A & Saha, SC 2025, 'A Systematic Literature Review on Flexible Strategies and Performance Indicators for Supply Chain Resilience', Global Journal of Flexible Systems Management, vol. 26, no. S1, pp. 207-231.
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Abstract Supply chain resilience is a widely useful concept for managing risk and disruption. Designing strategies for preparedness, response, and recovery can help businesses to mitigate risks and disruptions. Among them, flexible strategies can effectively improve supply chain resilience. In the literature, several studies have considered different types of flexible strategies and investigated their impacts on supply chain resilience. However, a systematic literature review (SLR) paper on this topic can further help to understand the scientific progress, research gaps, and avenues for future research. Hence, this study aims to explore how the literature has contributed to the area of flexible strategies and the impact on supply chain resilience performance. To achieve our objective, we apply an SLR methodology to identify themes such as research areas and key findings, contexts and industry sectors, methodologies, and key strategies and performance indicators in the connection between flexible strategies and supply chain resilience. The findings show that many studies connect flexible strategies to supply chain resilience. However, research gaps exist in analysing relationships between flexible strategies and performance, conducting comparative studies, developing dynamic resilience plans, applying flexible strategies, conducting theoretically grounded empirical studies, and applying multiple analytical tools to develop decision-making models for supply chain resilience. Finally, this study suggests several future research opportunities to advance the research on the topic. The findings can be a benchmark for researchers who are interested in conducting research in the area of flexible strategies and supply chain resilience.
Peng, R, Ji, J, Guo, R, Zheng, B, Miao, Z & Zhou, J 2025, 'Fixed-time and predefined-time group-bipartite consensus for uncertain networked Euler-Lagrange systems', Information Sciences, vol. 689, pp. 121451-121451.
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Zhuo, L, Goay, ACY, Sangkarat, P, Xu, F, He, Y, Gao, Z, Mishra, D, He, S, Zhang, Y & Zhang, J 2025, 'Enhanced Triboelectric Outputs from PAN/MoS2 Nanofiber‐Based Nanogenerators for Powering Backscatter Communications in Sustainable 6G Networks', Advanced Energy and Sustainability Research, vol. 6, no. 3.
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View description>>
This work explores the development of a triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) based on polyacrylonitrile (PAN) and molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) nanosheets composite fibers for enhancing tribo‐positive electricity to power backscatter communication systems, contributing to the sustainable internet of things (IoT) nodes in future 6 G networks. By incorporating different concentrations of MoS2 (1, 2, 3, and 4 wt%) nanosheets into PAN nanofibers via electrospinning, the nanocomposite fiber‐based TENGs exhibit improved triboelectric properties. The TENG based on PAN/4% MoS2 nanocomposite fiber mat achieve a peak open‐circuit voltage of 296 V and a short‐circuit current of 6.16 μA, which represents an ≈95% and 77% enhancement, respectively, in comparison with the TENGs based on neat PAN nanofiber mat. The enhanced charge transfer ability at the PAN and MoS2 nanosheet interface, the increased dielectric properties, the rougher surface morphology of the composite nanofibers contribute to the enhancements in triboelectric performance. These TENGs are integrated with the backscatter communication system to power a wireless identification and sensing platform (WISP) tag, demonstrating extended transmission range and improved real‐time data acquisition. These findings suggest that TENGs can play a significant role in sustainable energy solutions for 6 G‐enabled IoT applications.
