Abeywickrama, HV, Jayawickrama, BA, He, Y & Dutkiewicz, E 2018, 'Comprehensive Energy Consumption Model for Unmanned Aerial Vehicles, Based on Empirical Studies of Battery Performance', IEEE Access, vol. 6, pp. 58383-58394.
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© 2018 IEEE. Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) are fast gaining popularity in a wide variety of areas and are already being used for a range of tasks. Despite their many desirable features, a number of drawbacks hinder the potential of UAV applications. As typical UAVs are powered by on-board batteries, limited battery lifetime is identified as a key limitation in UAV applications. Thus, in order to preserve the available energy, planning UAV missions in an energy efficient manner is of utmost importance. For energy efficient UAV mission planning, it is necessary to predict the energy consumption of specific UAV manoeuvring actions. Accurate energy prediction requires a reliable and realistic energy consumption model. In this paper, we present a consistent and complete energy consumption model for UAVs based on empirical studies of battery usage for various UAV activities. We considered the impact of different flight scenarios and conditions on UAV energy consumption when developing the proposed model. The energy consumption model presented in this paper can be readily used for energy efficient UAV mission planning.
Abolhasan, M, Abdollahi, M, Ni, W, Jamalipour, A, Shariati, N & Lipman, J 2018, 'A Routing Framework for Offloading Traffic From Cellular Networks to SDN-Based Multi-Hop Device-to-Device Networks', IEEE Transactions on Network and Service Management, vol. 15, no. 4, pp. 1516-1531.
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© 2004-2012 IEEE. Device-to-device (D2D) communications are set to form an integral part of future 5G wireless networks. D2D communications have a number of benefits such as improving energy efficiency and spectrum utilization. Until now much of the D2D research in LTE and 5G-type network scenarios have focused on direct (one-hop) communications between two adjacent mobile devices. In this paper, we propose a new routing framework called virtual ad hoc routing protocol (VARP). This framework introduces significant advantages such as better security, lower routing overheads, and higher scalability, when compared to conventional ad hoc routing protocols. It also reduces traffic overhead in LTE networks using multi-hop D2D communications under management of a software defined networking (SDN)-controller. Further, it enables the development of various types of routing protocols for different networking scenarios. To this end, a source-routing based protocol was developed on top of VARP, referred to as VARP-S. We present a detailed analytical study of routing overhead in the VARP-S protocol, as compared to overhead analysis of our previous proposed hybrid SDN architecture for wireless distributed networks (HSAW) Our results show that VARP-S, compared to HSAW, achieves higher network scalability and lower power consumption for mobile nodes.
Afzal, MU, Esselle, KP & Lalbakhsh, A 2018, 'A Methodology to Design a Low-Profile Composite-Dielectric Phase-Correcting Structure', IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters, vol. 17, no. 7, pp. 1223-1227.
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© 2002-2011 IEEE. A methodology to synthesize a low-profile composite-dielectric phase-correcting structure (CD PCS) is presented. The CD PCS, in function, is similar to an all-dielectric varying-height PCS and transforms a nonuniform aperture phase distribution of a low-gain antenna to a nearly uniform phase distribution. The methodology is aimed at reducing the maximum height of all-dielectric PCSs by using a combination of commercially available transmissive dielectric materials. The principle of operation has been demonstrated by designing a CD PCS using two dielectric materials. A higher permittivity dielectric material is used in the central region of the CD PCS, which requires a larger phase delay, while a lower permittivity dielectric material is used in the outer region, which requires a smaller phase delay. The height of the CD PCS is 43\% less and its weight is 25\% less than the single-dielectric PCS, but both have similar radiation performance.
Afzal, MU, Lalbakhsh, A & Esselle, KP 2018, 'Electromagnetic-wave beam-scanning antenna using near-field rotatable graded-dielectric plates', Journal of Applied Physics, vol. 124, no. 23, pp. 234901-234901.
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The paper proposes an electromagnetic-wave beam-scanning antenna system using a simple rotation of a pair of near-field graded-dielectric plates (GDPs). The antenna system requires an electromagnetic (EM) illuminator, with nearly symmetric aperture field distribution, as the base antenna and two types of GDPs: one radially graded dielectric (RGD) and two linearly graded dielectric (LGD) plates. The RGD first focuses the beam of the base antenna in the broadside direction, and the LGD then tilts the focused beam at an offset angle. For some types of base antennas, having fairly uniform aperture phase distributions, an RGD may not be required and only a pair of LGDs are sufficient. Irrespective of the antenna configuration, using a simple rotation of the two LGDs, the beam can be scanned to any position within a large conical region. The antenna system presented as a proof of concept has a resonant-cavity antenna as the base antenna and three graded-dielectric plates. The aperture length of the antenna system is 6λ0 and its height is 2.2λ0. The results predicted by numerical simulations indicate that the antenna system has highest peak directivity of 21 dBi. The beam can be scanned to any direction within a cone having an apex angle of 20°.
Alabd, R, Safavi-Naeini, M, Wilson, KJ, Rosenfeld, AB & Franklin, DR 2018, 'A simulation study of BrachyShade, a shadow-based internal source tracking system for HDR prostate brachytherapy', Physics in Medicine & Biology, vol. 63, no. 20, pp. 205019-205019.
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This paper presents a simulation study of BrachyShade, a proposed internal source-tracking system for real time quality assurance in high dose rate prostate brachytherapy. BrachyShade consists of a set of spherical tungsten occluders located above a pixellated silicon photodetector. The source location is estimated by minimising the mean squared error between a parametric model of the shadow image and acquired images of the shadows projected on the detector plane. A novel algorithm is finally employed to correct the systemic error resulting from Compton scattering in the medium. The worst-case error obtained with BrachyShade for a 13.5 ms image acquisition is less than 1.3 mm in the most distant part of the treatment volume, while for 75% of source locations an error of less than 0.42 mm was achieved.
Aldebei, K, He, X, Jia, W & Yeh, W 2018, 'SUDMAD: Sequential and unsupervised decomposition of a multi‐author document based on a hidden markov model', Journal of the Association for Information Science and Technology, vol. 69, no. 2, pp. 201-214.
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Decomposing a document written by more than one author into sentences based on authorship is of great significance due to the increasing demand for plagiarism detection, forensic analysis, civil law (i.e., disputed copyright issues), and intelligence issues that involve disputed anonymous documents. Among existing studies for document decomposition, some were limited by specific languages, according to topics or restricted to a document of two authors, and their accuracies have big room for improvement. In this paper, we consider the contextual correlation hidden among sentences and propose an algorithm for Sequential and Unsupervised Decomposition of a Multi‐Author Document (SUDMAD) written in any language, disregarding topics, through the construction of a Hidden Markov Model (HMM) reflecting the authors' writing styles. To build and learn such a model, an unsupervised, statistical approach is first proposed to estimate the initial values of HMM parameters of a preliminary model, which does not require the availability of any information of author's or document's context other than how many authors contributed to writing the document. To further boost the performance of this approach, a boosted HMM learning procedure is proposed next, where the initial classification results are used to create labeled training data to learn a more accurate HMM. Moreover, the contextual relationship among sentences is further utilized to refine the classification results. Our proposed approach is empirically evaluated on three benchmark datasets that are widely used for authorship analysis of documents. Comparisons with recent state‐of‐the‐art approaches are also presented to demonstrate the significance of our new ideas and the superior performance of our approach.
Ali, A & Lee, JE-Y 2018, 'Piezoelectric-on-Silicon Square Wine-Glass Mode Resonator for Enhanced Electrical Characterization in Water', IEEE Transactions on Electron Devices, vol. 65, no. 5, pp. 1925-1931.
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Alsahafi, YA & Gay, V 2018, 'An overview of electronic personal health records', Health Policy and Technology, vol. 7, no. 4, pp. 427-432.
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© 2018 Electronic Personal Health Record systems are providing health consumers with greater access and control to their health records by shifting these records from being a health provider-centred Electronic Health Record, to a patient-centred, Electronic Personal Health Record (ePHR). Based on the delivery system, ePHR systems are classified into standalone, tethered, and integrated or unified ePHRs. While national approaches of implementing integrated ePHR vary, the middle out method has been recognised as the ideal approach. It is worth considering the adoption of ePHRs has been slow due to several factors, including technical, individual, environmental, social, and legal factors. This paper provides a representative overview of an ePHR system, outlining its definition, types, architectures, and nationwide approaches of its implementation. Additionally, the drivers and hindrances to health consumer adoption are discussed.
Amjadipour, M, Tadich, A, Boeckl, JJ, Lipton-Duffin, J, MacLeod, J, Iacopi, F & Motta, N 2018, 'Quasi free-standing epitaxial graphene fabrication on 3C–SiC/Si(111)', Nanotechnology, vol. 29, no. 14, pp. 145601-145601.
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Growing graphene on SiC thin films on Si is a cheaper alternative to the growth on bulk SiC, and for this reason it has been recently intensively investigated. Here we study the effect of hydrogen intercalation on epitaxial graphene obtained by high temperature annealing on 3C-SiC/Si(111) in ultra-high vacuum. By using a combination of core-level photoelectron spectroscopy, low energy electron diffraction, and near-edge x-ray absorption fine structure (NEXAFS) we find that hydrogen saturates the Si atoms at the topmost layer of the substrate, leading to free-standing graphene on 3C-SiC/Si(111). The intercalated hydrogen fully desorbs after heating the sample at 850 °C and the buffer layer appears again, similar to what has been reported for bulk SiC. However, the NEXAFS analysis sheds new light on the effect of hydrogen intercalation, showing an improvement of graphene's flatness after annealing in atomic H at 600 °C. These results provide new insight into free-standing graphene fabrication on SiC/Si thin films.
Argha, A, Li, L & Su, SW 2018, '‐based optimal sparse sliding mode control for networked control systems', International Journal of Robust and Nonlinear Control, vol. 28, no. 1, pp. 16-30.
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SummaryThis paper is devoted to the problem of designing a sparsely distributed sliding mode control for networked systems. Indeed, this note uses a distributed sliding mode control framework by exploiting (some of) other subsystems' information to improve the performance of each local controller so that it can widen the applicability region of the given scheme. To do so, different from the traditional schemes in the literature, a novel approach is proposed to design the sliding surface, in which the level of required control effort is taken into account during the sliding surface design based on the control. We then use this novel scheme to provide an innovative less‐complex procedure that explores sparse control networks to satisfy the underlying control objective. Besides, the proposed scheme to design the sliding surface makes it possible to avoid unbounded growth of control effort during the sparsification of the control network structure. Illustrative examples are presented to show the effectiveness of the proposed approach.
Argha, A, Li, L, Su, SW & Nguyen, H 2018, 'Sparsely distributed sliding mode control for interconnected systems', Journal of the Franklin Institute, vol. 355, no. 14, pp. 6191-6214.
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© 2018 The Franklin Institute This paper proposes a framework for the design of sparsely distributed output feedback discrete-time sliding mode control (ODSMC) for interconnected systems. The major target here is to develop an observer based discrete-time sliding mode controller employing a sparsely distributed control network structure in which local controllers exploit some other sub-systems’ information as well as its own local information. As the local controllers/observers have access to some other sub-systems’ states, the control performance will be improved and the applicability region will be widened compared to the decentralised structure. As the first step, a stability condition is derived for the overall closed-loop system obtained from applying ODSMC to the underlying interconnected system, by assuming a priori known structure for the control/observer network. The developed LMI based controller design scheme provides the possibility to employ different information patterns such as fully distributed, sparsely distributed and decentralised patterns. In the second step, we propose a methodology to identify a sparse control/observer network structure with the least possible number of communication links that satisfies the stability condition given in the first step. The boundedness of the obtained overall closed-loop system is analysed and a bound is derived for the augmented system state which includes the closed-loop system state and the switching function.
Argha, A, Su, SW, Savkin, A & Celler, BG 2018, 'Mixed H2/H∞-based actuator selection for uncertain polytopic systems with regional pole placement', International Journal of Control, vol. 91, no. 2, pp. 320-336.
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© 2017 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis GroupThis paper is devoted to the problem of designing an (Formula presented.) and/or (Formula presented.) row-sparse static output feedback controller for continuous linear time-invariant systems with polytopic uncertainty. The immediate application of the proposed approach lies within the problem of the optimal selection of a subset of available actuators during the fault accommodation stage of a fault-tolerant control scheme. Incorporating an extra term for penalising the number of actuators into the optimisation objective function, we propose an explicit scheme and two iterative procedures according to the reweighted ℓ1 (REL1) and reweighted iterative support detection (RISD) algorithms for the purposes of identifying the favourable row-sparse feedback gains. Furthermore, this problem formulation allows us to incorporate additional constraints into the designing problem such as regional pole placement constraints which provide more control over the satisfactory transient behaviour and closed-loop pole locations. In this paper, we present two examples which demonstrate the remarkable performance and broad applicability of the proposed approaches.
Argha, A, Su, SW, Savkin, A & Celler, BG 2018, 'Novel frameworks for the design of fault‐tolerant control using optimal sliding‐mode control', International Journal of Robust and Nonlinear Control, vol. 28, no. 8, pp. 3015-3032.
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SummaryThis paper describes 2 schemes for a fault‐tolerant control using a novel optimal sliding‐mode control, which can also be employed as actuator redundancy management for overactuated uncertain linear systems. By using the effectiveness level of the actuators in the performance indexes, 2 schemes for redistributing the control effort among the remaining (redundant or nonfaulty) set of actuators are constructed based on an ‐based optimal sliding‐mode control. In contrast to the current sliding‐mode fault‐tolerant control design methods, in these new schemes, the level of control effort required to maintain sliding is penalised. The proposed optimal sliding‐mode fault‐tolerant control design schemes are implemented in 2 stages. In the first stage, a state feedback gain is derived using an LMI‐based scheme that can assign a number of the closed‐loop eigenvalues to a known value whilst satisfying performance specifications. The sliding function matrix related to the particular state feedback derived in the first stage is obtained in the second stage. The difference between the 2 schemes proposed for the sliding‐mode fault‐tolerant control is that the second one includes a separate control allocation module, which makes it easier to apply actuator constraints to the problem. Moreover, it will be shown that, with the second scheme, we can deal with actuator faults or even failures without controller reconfiguration. We further discuss the advantages and disadvantages of the 2 schemes in more details. The effectiveness of the proposed schemes are illustrated with numerical examples.
Ayachit, A, Siwakoti, YP, Galigekere, VPN, Kazimierczuk, MK & Blaabjerg, F 2018, 'Steady-State and Small-Signal Analysis of A-Source Converter', IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, vol. 33, no. 8, pp. 7118-7131.
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© 1986-2012 IEEE. This paper presents a detailed steady-state analysis and ac small-signal modeling of the power stage of pulse-width modulated A-source converter. The voltage and current waveforms along with their corresponding expressions describing the converter operation are presented in detail. The input-to-output and input-to-capacitor dc voltage transfer functions are determined. The minimum inductance required to ensure continuous conduction mode is derived. The expressions for the semiconductor devices stresses are also presented. The dc, averaged equivalent circuit is derived using the circuit averaging technique. A complete derivation of the small-signal model including the converter parasitic resistances are presented followed by the power stage transfer functions relevant to the capacitor voltage loop, such as: 1) duty cycle-to-capacitor voltage; and 2) input-to-capacitor voltage. In addition, the expressions for the network input impedance and output impedance are derived. Finally, experimental validations of the derived small-signal models are performed, both in frequency and time domain for a laboratory prototype of an A-source converter. The theoretical predictions were in good agreement with the experimental results over a wide range of frequencies.
Azizivahed, A, Barani, M, Razavi, S, Ghavidel, S, Li, L & Zhang, J 2018, 'Energy storage management strategy in distribution networks utilised by photovoltaic resources', IET Generation, Transmission & Distribution, vol. 12, no. 21, pp. 5627-5638.
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© The Institution of Engineering and Technology 2018. Large penetration of electrical energy storage (EES) units and renewable energy resources in distribution systems can help to improve network profiles (e.g. bus voltage and branch current profiles), and to reduce operational cost as well as power losses. On the other hand, unsecure system operation as a result of involving these units is another challenge to network operators. Therefore, establishing a trade-off between operational cost and security is very important. This study presents a new approach to determine the optimal charging/discharging schedule of EES units in distribution systems by employing multi-objective optimisation methods, which will effectively reduce operational cost and enhance distribution network security. In this regard, a voltage stability index (VSI) is converted into a security index to improve the radial network security. This VSI index is treated as a separate objective function, and a multi-objective strategy is implemented to obtain a set of non-dominated solutions instead of a single optimal solution, which simultaneously minimise both of the operational cost and security index. In order to assess the effectiveness and applicability of the proposed method, it is applied to IEEE standard 33-bus and 136-bus distribution test systems, and then the obtained results are compared with those of existing methodologies.
Ba, X, Guo, Y, Zhu, J & Zhang, C 2018, 'An Equivalent Circuit Model for Predicting the Core Loss in a Claw-Pole Permanent Magnet Motor With Soft Magnetic Composite Core', IEEE Transactions on Magnetics, vol. 54, no. 11, pp. 1-6.
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© 1965-2012 IEEE. Soft magnetic composite (SMC) materials and SMC electromagnetic devices have attracted strong research interest in the past decades. However, SMC devices have large core loss that needs to be put into consideration even at the design stage. Effective and accurate prediction of the core loss becomes crucial for the design and optimization of high-performance motors with these materials. Equivalent circuit model is a widely used method for machine analysis, due to the advantages in the fast calculation with a clear physical mechanism. This paper presents an equivalent circuit model to predict the core loss of a claw-pole permanent magnet motor with SMC stator core. All the parameters including the equivalent core-loss resistance in the equivalent circuit model are identified based on the finite-element method to achieve high accuracy, and the effectiveness of the parameters identification methods is experimentally verified. The proposed equivalent circuit model can predict the core loss and motor's performance efficiently both under no-load and loading conditions.
Bah, AO, Qin, P-Y, Ziolkowski, RW, Cheng, Q & Guo, YJ 2018, 'Realization of an Ultra-thin Metasurface to Facilitate Wide Bandwidth, Wide Angle Beam Scanning', Scientific Reports, vol. 8, no. 1.
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AbstractA wide bandwidth, ultra-thin, metasurface is reported that facilitates wide angle beam scanning. Each unit cell of the metasurface contains a multi-resonant, strongly-coupled unequal arm Jerusalem cross element. This element consists of two bent-arm, orthogonal, capacitively loaded strips. The wide bandwidth of the metasurface is achieved by taking advantage of the strong coupling within and between its multi-resonant elements. A prototype of the proposed metasurface has been fabricated and measured. The design concept has been validated by the measured results. The proposed metasurface is able to alleviate the well-known problem of impedance mismatch caused by mutual coupling when the main beam of an array is scanned. In order to validate the wideband and wide scanning ability of the proposed metasurface, it is integrated with a wideband antenna array as a wide angle impedance matching element. The metasurface-array combination facilitates wide angle scanning over a 6:1 impedance bandwidth without the need for bulky dielectrics or multi-layered structures.
Bargi, A, Xu, RYD & Piccardi, M 2018, 'AdOn HDP-HMM: An Adaptive Online Model for Segmentation and Classification of Sequential Data', IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks and Learning Systems, vol. 29, no. 9, pp. 3953-3968.
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© 2012 IEEE. Recent years have witnessed an increasing need for the automated classification of sequential data, such as activities of daily living, social media interactions, financial series, and others. With the continuous flow of new data, it is critical to classify the observations on-the-fly and without being limited by a predetermined number of classes. In addition, a model should be able to update its parameters in response to a possible evolution in the distributions of the classes. This compelling problem, however, does not seem to have been adequately addressed in the literature, since most studies focus on offline classification over predefined class sets. In this paper, we present a principled solution for this problem based on an adaptive online system leveraging Markov switching models and hierarchical Dirichlet process priors. This adaptive online approach is capable of classifying the sequential data over an unlimited number of classes while meeting the memory and delay constraints typical of streaming contexts. In this paper, we introduce an adaptive 'learning rate' that is responsible for balancing the extent to which the model retains its previous parameters or adapts to new observations. Experimental results on stationary and evolving synthetic data and two video data sets, TUM Assistive Kitchen and collated Weizmann, show a remarkable performance in terms of segmentation and classification, particularly for sequences from evolutionary distributions and/or those containing previously unseen classes.
Bengua, JA, Tuan, HD, Duong, TQ & Poor, HV 2018, 'Joint Sensor and Relay Power Control in Tracking Gaussian Mixture Targets by Wireless Sensor Networks', IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing, vol. 66, no. 2, pp. 492-506.
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© 2017 IEEE. This paper considers a wireless sensor network for locating a static target or tracking a dynamic target, which is characterized a priori by a Gaussian mixture distribution. An amplify- and-forward relay node acts as a wireless bridge in relaying the sensor’s independent observations of the target to a fusion center (FC). Joint power allocation is considered for the sensors and relay to optimize a Bayesian filter, which is deployed at the FC for a global estimate of the target. The mean squared error of the Bayesian filter is already computationally intractable for fixed sensor and relay transmitter power, so power allocation to minimize its mean squared error is a very challenging problem. In this paper, the problem is addressed by an iterative procedure of very low computational complexity. Simulations are provided to support the efficiency of our proposed power allocation.
Bluff, A, Johnston, A & Clarkson, D 2018, 'Interaction, Narrative and Animation in Live Theatre', IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications, vol. 38, no. 2, pp. 8-14.
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© 1981-2012 IEEE. Before embarking on their most ambitious project to date, a cosmically-themed participatory theatre event with interactive 3D visuals housed inside a bespoke dome structure, the interactive artists Andrew Johnston and Andrew Bluff joined the director of Stalker Theatre, David Clarkson in a round-table discussion. They reflected on what it was like to combine physical performance with interactive graphics in a childrens theatre show and discussed how the 360° format might be used to explore the cosmos in their upcoming Big Skies production.
Bowden, R & Veitch, D 2018, 'Finding the Right Tree: Topology Inference Despite Spatial Dependences', IEEE Transactions on Information Theory, vol. 64, no. 6, pp. 4594-4609.
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© 1963-2012 IEEE. Network tomographic techniques have almost exclusively been built on a strong assumption of mutual independence of link processes. We introduce model classes for link loss processes with non-Trivial spatial dependencies, for which the tree topology is nonetheless identifiable from leaf measurements using multicast probing. We show that these classes are large in a well-defined sense, and we provide an algorithm, SLTD, capable of returning the correct topology with certainty in the limit of infinite data.
Chen, C, Wang, F, Wen, S, Su, QP, Wu, MCL, Liu, Y, Wang, B, Li, D, Shan, X, Kianinia, M, Aharonovich, I, Toth, M, Jackson, SP, Xi, P & Jin, D 2018, 'Multi-photon near-infrared emission saturation nanoscopy using upconversion nanoparticles', Nature Communications, vol. 9, no. 1.
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AbstractMultiphoton fluorescence microscopy (MPM), using near infrared excitation light, provides increased penetration depth, decreased detection background, and reduced phototoxicity. Using stimulated emission depletion (STED) approach, MPM can bypass the diffraction limitation, but it requires both spatial alignment and temporal synchronization of high power (femtosecond) lasers, which is limited by the inefficiency of the probes. Here, we report that upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) can unlock a new mode of near-infrared emission saturation (NIRES) nanoscopy for deep tissue super-resolution imaging with excitation intensity several orders of magnitude lower than that required by conventional MPM dyes. Using a doughnut beam excitation from a 980 nm diode laser and detecting at 800 nm, we achieve a resolution of sub 50 nm, 1/20th of the excitation wavelength, in imaging of single UCNP through 93 μm thick liver tissue. This method offers a simple solution for deep tissue super resolution imaging and single molecule tracking.
Chen, S-L, Qin, P-Y, Lin, W & Guo, YJ 2018, 'Pattern-Reconfigurable Antenna With Five Switchable Beams in Elevation Plane', IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters, vol. 17, no. 3, pp. 454-457.
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© 2017 IEEE. Pattern-reconfigurable antennas with multiple switchable beams, especially with both boresight and endfire directions, are highly desired for wireless communications. In this letter, a novel pattern-reconfigurable antenna is proposed that provides an efficient solution. By reconfiguring parasitic striplines placed around a radiating dipole and reflecting metal pieces under the dipole using p-i-n diodes, the antenna main beam can be switched to five directions in the elevation plane, approximately from-90(left endfire),-45 , 0 (boresight),+45 to +90(right endfire). The proposed antenna operates at 2.45 GHz with dimensions of about 0.57λ× 0.45\lambda×, 0.28λ. An antenna prototype is fabricated and measured. For all five directional beams, the measured S-{11}| values are below 13 dB, and the measured realized gains range from 5.2 to 6.5 dBi. They agree reasonably well with the simulated ones.
Cheng, L, Acuna, P, Aguilera, RP, Jiang, J, Wei, S, Fletcher, JE & Lu, DDC 2018, 'Model Predictive Control for DC–DC Boost Converters With Reduced-Prediction Horizon and Constant Switching Frequency', IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, vol. 33, no. 10, pp. 9064-9075.
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© 1986-2012 IEEE. The implementation of multistep direct model predictive control (MPC) for DC-DC boost converters overcomes the well-known issue of nonminimum phase behavior. However, it can lead to a high computational burden depending on the prediction horizon length. In this paper, a simple and computationally efficient MPC method for DC-DC boost converters is proposed. The key novelty of the presented control strategy lies in the way dynamic references are handled. The control strategy is capable of providing suitable references for the inductor current and the output voltage, without requiring additional control loops. Moreover, this reference design allows the predictive controller to be implemented with a single-step prediction horizon. Thus, a significant reduction in the required real-time calculations executed in the control hardware is achieved. To obtain constant switching frequency, the power switch commutation instants within a sampling period are considered as control inputs. Therefore, the predictive controller is formulated as a continuous control set MPC. Additionally, the proposed formulation is able to deal with different operation modes of the converter without changing the controller structure. Finally, an observer is used to dynamically modify the reference to provide robustness to system parameter uncertainties. Simulation and experimental results show an accurate tracking of dynamic inductor current and output voltage references, while respecting the restrictions on maximum inductor current levels of the converter.
Cheng, P, Chen, Z, Zhang, JA, Li, Y & Vucetic, B 2018, 'A Unified Precoding Scheme for Generalized Spatial Modulation', IEEE Transactions on Communications, vol. 66, no. 6, pp. 2502-2514.
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© 1972-2012 IEEE. Generalized spatial modulation (GSM) activates Nt (1 ≤ nt < Nt) available transmit antennas, and information is conveyed through nt modulated symbols as well as the index of the nt activated antennas. GSM strikes an attractive tradeoff between spectrum efficiency and energy efficiency. Linear precoding that exploits channel state information at the transmitter enhances the system error performance. For GSM with nt=1 (the traditional SM), the existing precoding methods suffer from high computational complexity. On the other hand, GSM precoding for nt ≥ 2 is not thoroughly investigated in the open literature. In this paper, we develop a unified precoding design for GSM systems, which universally works for all nt values. Based on the maximum minimum Euclidean distance criterion, we find that the precoding design can be formulated as a large-scale nonconvex quadratically constrained quadratic program problem. Then, we transform this challenging problem into a sequence of unconstrained subproblems by leveraging augmented Lagrangian and dual ascent techniques. These subproblems can be solved in an iterative manner efficiently. Numerical results show that the proposed method can substantially improve the system error performance relative to the GSM without precoding and features extremely fast convergence rate with a very low computational complexity.
Cheng, T, Lu, DD-C & Qin, L 2018, 'Non-Isolated Single-Inductor DC/DC Converter With Fully Reconfigurable Structure for Renewable Energy Applications.', IEEE Trans. Circuits Syst. II Express Briefs, vol. 65-II, no. 3, pp. 351-355.
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© 2017 IEEE. A novel non-isolated three-port converter (NITPC) is introduced in this brief. The purpose of this topology is to integrate a regenerative load such as DC bus and motor with dynamic braking, instead of the widely reported consuming load, with a photovoltaic (PV)-battery system. Conventional methods require either a separate DC-DC converter to process the reversible power flow or employing an isolated three-port converter (TPC), which allows bi-directional power flow between any two ports. However, these methods require many switches, which increases the converter size and control complexity. This brief hence presents a compact but fully functional design by combining and integrating basic converters to form a simplified single-inductor converter structure while keeping a minimum amount of switches. The resultant converter is fully reconfigurable that all possible power flow combinations among the sources and load are achieved through different switching patterns, while preserving the single power processing feature of TPC. This brief presents a design example of the proposed NITPC for a PV-battery powered DC microgrid. Detailed circuitry analysis, operation principles of both DC grid-connected and islanded modes, and experimental results of different modes in steady state and mode transitions are presented.
Clarke, C, Liu, D, Wang, F, Liu, Y, Chen, C, Ton-That, C, Xu, X & Jin, D 2018, 'Large-scale dewetting assembly of gold nanoparticles for plasmonic enhanced upconversion nanoparticles', Nanoscale, vol. 10, no. 14, pp. 6270-6276.
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The integrated methods of core shell upconversion nanoparticle synthesis, thermal annealing and gold dewetting produce gold-decorated upconversion nanoparticles with enhanced emission.
Cook, AJ, Ng, B, Gargiulo, GD, Hindmarsh, D, Pitney, M, Lehmann, T & Hamilton, TJ 2018, 'Instantaneous VO2 from a wearable device', Medical Engineering & Physics, vol. 52, pp. 41-48.
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© 2018 IPEM We present a method for calculating instantaneous oxygen uptake (VO2) through the use of a non-invasive and non-obtrusive (i.e. without a face mask) wearable device, together with its clinical evaluation against a standard technique based upon expired gas calorimetry. This method can be integrated with existing wearable devices, we implemented it in the “Device for Reliable Energy Expenditure Monitoring” (DREEM). The DREEM comprises a single lead electrocardiogram (ECG) device combined with a tri-axial accelerometer and is worn around the waist. Our clinical evaluation tests the developed method against a gold standard for VO2, expired gas calorimetry, using an ethically approved protocol comprising active exercise and sedentary periods. The study was performed on 42 participants from a wide sample population including healthy people, athletes and an at-risk health group including persons affected by obesity. We developed an algorithm combining heart rate (HR) and the integral of absolute acceleration (IAA), with results showing a correlation of r = 0.93 for instantaneous VO2, and r = 0.97 for 3 min mean VO2, this is a considerably improved estimation of VO2 in comparison to methods utilising HR and IAA independently.
Corsetti, S, Rabl, T, McGloin, D & Nabi, G 2018, 'Raman spectroscopy for accurately characterizing biomolecular changes in androgen‐independent prostate cancer cells', Journal of Biophotonics, vol. 11, no. 3, pp. e201700166-e201700166.
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Metastatic prostate cancer resistant to hormonal manipulation is considered the advanced stage of the disease and leads to most cancer‐related mortality. With new research focusing on modulating cancer growth, it is essential to understand the biochemical changes in cells that can then be exploited for drug discovery and for improving responsiveness to treatment. Raman spectroscopy has a high chemical specificity and can be used to detect and quantify molecular changes at the cellular level. Collection of large data sets generated from biological samples can be employed to form discriminatory algorithms for detection of subtle and early changes in cancer cells. The present study describes Raman finger printing of normal and metastatic hormone‐resistant prostate cancer cells including analyses with principal component analysis and linear discrimination. Amino acid‐specific signals were identified, especially loss of arginine band. Androgen‐resistant prostate cancer cells presented a higher content of phenylalanine, tyrosine, DNA and Amide III in comparison to PNT2 cells, which possessed greater amounts of L‐arginine and had a B conformation of DNA. The analysis utilized in this study could reliably differentiate the 2 cell lines (sensitivity 95%; specificity 88%).
Cui, Q, Gu, Y, Ni, W, Zhang, X, Tao, X, Zhang, P & Liu, RP 2018, 'Preserving Reliability of Heterogeneous Ultra-Dense Distributed Networks in Unlicensed Spectrum', IEEE Communications Magazine, vol. 56, no. 6, pp. 72-78.
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© 1979-2012 IEEE. This article investigates the prominent dilemma between capacity and reliability in heterogeneous ultra-dense distributed networks, and advocates a new measure of effective capacity to quantify the maximum sustainable data rate of a link while preserving the quality of service of the link in such networks. Recent breakthroughs are brought forth in developing the theory of the effective capacity in heterogeneous ultra-dense distributed networks. Potential applications of the effective capacity are demonstrated on the admission control, power control, and resource allocation of such networks, with substantial gains revealed over existing technologies. This new measure is of particular interest to ultra-dense deployment of the emerging 5G wireless networks in the unlicensed spectrum, leveraging the capacity gain brought by the use of the unlicensed band and the stringent reliability sustained by 5G in future heterogeneous network environments.
Dai, S, Tymchenko, M, Xu, Z-Q, Tran, TT, Yang, Y, Ma, Q, Watanabe, K, Taniguchi, T, Jarillo-Herrero, P, Aharonovich, I, Basov, DN, Tao, TH & Alù, A 2018, 'Internal Nanostructure Diagnosis with Hyperbolic Phonon Polaritons in Hexagonal Boron Nitride', Nano Letters, vol. 18, no. 8, pp. 5205-5210.
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Copyright © 2018 American Chemical Society. Imaging materials and inner structures with resolution below the diffraction limit has become of fundamental importance in recent years for a wide variety of applications. We report subdiffractive internal structure diagnosis of hexagonal boron nitride by exciting and imaging hyperbolic phonon polaritons. On the basis of their unique propagation properties, we are able to accurately locate defects in the crystal interior with nanometer resolution. The precise location, size, and geometry of the concealed defects are reconstructed by analyzing the polariton wavelength, reflection coefficient, and their dispersion. We have also studied the evolution of polariton reflection, transmission, and scattering as a function of defect size and photon frequency. The nondestructive high-precision polaritonic structure diagnosis technique introduced here can be also applied to other hyperbolic or waveguide systems and may be deployed in the next-generation biomedical imaging, sensing, and fine structure analysis.
Dietrich, A, Bürk, M, Steiger, ES, Antoniuk, L, Tran, TT, Nguyen, M, Aharonovich, I, Jelezko, F & Kubanek, A 2018, 'Observation of Fourier transform limited lines in hexagonal boron nitride', Physical Review B, vol. 98, no. 8.
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© 2018 American Physical Society. Single defect centers in layered hexagonal boron nitride are promising candidates as single-photon sources for quantum optics and nanophotonics applications. However, spectral instability hinders many applications. Here, we perform resonant excitation measurements and observe Fourier transform limited linewidths down to ≈50 MHz. We investigated the optical properties of more than 600 single-photon emitters (SPEs) in hBN. The SPEs exhibit narrow zero-phonon lines distributed over a spectral range from 580 to 800 nm and with dipolelike emission with a high polarization contrast. Finally, the emitters withstand transfer to a foreign photonic platform, namely, a silver mirror, which makes them compatible with photonic devices such as optical resonators and paves the way to quantum photonics applications.
Ding, C, Sun, H-H, Ziolkowski, RW & Jay Guo, Y 2018, 'A Dual Layered Loop Array Antenna for Base Stations With Enhanced Cross-Polarization Discrimination', IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, vol. 66, no. 12, pp. 6975-6985.
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© 1963-2012 IEEE. This paper presents a novel dual-loop array antenna targeted at current and future base station applications. The antenna has four rectangular loops and four trapezoidal loops printed on the front and back sides, respectively, of a substrate placed above a flat square reflector. All eight loop radiators are excited simultaneously with properly designed feed networks to achieve its ±45° polarization states. The trapezoidal loops act like folded (electric) dipoles; the rectangular loops act primarily as magnetic dipoles. The combination of these two loop arrays leads to a type of magnetoelectric loop antenna that has stable directivity patterns with high cross-polarization discrimination (XPD) values across a 45.5% operational fractional bandwidth from 1.7 to 2.7 GHz. A fabricated and measured prototype confirms the simulation results and demonstrates that the half-power beamwidths in the horizontal plane vary between 63° and 70°, the XPD values are >20 dB in the boresight direction, and are >10 dB within the entire cellular coverage angular range:-60 θ 60°.
Duan, N, Xu, W, Feng, H, Wang, S, Guo, Z, Li, Y, Wang, S & Zhu, J 2018, 'A Scalar Hysteresis Model of Ferromagnetic Materials Based on the Elemental Operators', IEEE Transactions on Magnetics, vol. 54, no. 11, pp. 1-4.
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© 1965-2012 IEEE. This paper introduces an elemental operator with biaxial anisotropy to simulate the scalar hysteresis phenomenon of the ferromagnetic materials. The equilibrium position of the magnetization for the elemental operator can be determined by energy minimization. To directly describe the magnetic properties of each operator, an improved analytical expression is deduced by the partial approximate substitutions. Moreover, this approach utilizes the concept of distribution function density in order to consider the interaction field and the coercive force of the elemental operators. To verify the presented model, the magnetic hysteresis of two different magnetic materials under alternating excitations is measured by the magnetic property measurement system and calculated by this elemental operator method, respectively. The comparisons suggest that this elemental operator is effective and can be a useful tool to simulate the scalar magnetic properties of ferromagnetic materials.
Duan, N, Xu, W, Li, Y, Wang, S & Zhu, J 2018, 'Electromagnetic Property Modeling of the Soft Magnetic Composite Material Based on the Limiting Loop Method', Diangong Jishu Xuebao/Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, vol. 33, no. 20, pp. 4739-4745.
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The soft magnetic composite materials have undergone significant development due to their unique advantages such as low eddy current loss, quasi-isotropy of mechanical and magnetic properties, great design flexibility, low cost and low material consumption during the production process. These materials are suitable for some special electromagnetic devices with 3-D magnetic flux paths, such as transverse flux, claw pole, and axial flux permanent magnet motors. Since the soft magnetic composite materials have been widely used with satisfaction, the magnetic properties, i.e., major hysteresis loops, minor hysteresis loops, and reversal curves, need to be fully understood for developing high performance electromagnetic devices. In this paper, the limiting loop method based on the Preisach model is introduced to simulate the magnetic properties of soft magnetic composite material. A new formulation of the normal Preisach model was derived based on a graphical description of the Preisach theory of magnetic hysteresis. With the help of the Preisach diagrams for the limiting hysteresis loop, the difficulty of identifying the elementary dipole distribution function was circumvented. The new parameter identification method only requires the limiting hysteresis loop as the input data. Besides, to simulate the magnetic properties under different stress, the effect of stress on the magnetization process is taken into account in the improved limiting loop method. Finally, to verify the proposed model, the magnetic properties of SOMALOYTM 500, a classical type of SMC material, are simulated and compared with the experimental results. The accuracy and effectiveness of the model are validated by the actual measurement.
Duan, N, Xu, W, Wang, S & Zhu, J 2018, 'Current Distribution Calculation of Superconducting Layer in HTS Cable Considering Magnetic Hysteresis by Using XFEM', IEEE Transactions on Magnetics, vol. 54, no. 3, pp. 1-4.
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© 2017 IEEE. This paper presents a coupled field-circuit analysis method for the high-temperature superconducting (HTS) cable considering magnetic hysteresis by using the improved extended finite-element method (XFEM). The quasi-3-D cylindrical coordinate HTS cable model is first proposed based on the shell element theory. The quasi-3-D meshing elements are used instead of the traditional 3-D meshing elements to overcome the difficulties in meshing. A new Preisach type hysteresis model of HTS tapes is first combined with the improved XFEM to determine the magnetic hysteresis inductance. A magnetic field-circuit coupled program for current analysis of superconducting layers is coded. The numerical simulation results of this field-circuit coupled method are reported compared with the experimental test results for the case of an HTS cable with two layers.
Duong, NMH, Xu, Z-Q, Kianinia, M, Su, R, Liu, Z, Kim, S, Bradac, C, Li, L-J, Solntsev, A, Liu, J & Aharonovich, I 2018, 'Enhanced Emission from WSe2 Monolayers Coupled to Circular Bragg Gratings', ACS Photonics, vol. 5, no. 10, pp. 3950-3955.
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Two-dimensional transition-metal dichalcogenides (TMDC) are of great interestfor on-chip nanophotonics due to their unique optoelectronic properties. Here,we propose and realize coupling of tungsten diselenide (WSe2) monolayers tocircular Bragg grating structures to achieve enhanced emission. The interactionbetween WSe2 and the resonant mode of the structure results in Purcell-enhancedemission, while the symmetric geometrical structure improves the directionalityof the out-coupling stream of emitted photons. Furthermore, this hybridstructure produces a record high contrast of the spin valley readout (> 40%)revealed by the polarization resolved photoluminescence (PL) measurements. Ourresults are promising for on-chip integration of TMDC monolayers with opticalresonators for nanophotonic circuits.
Esmaili, N, Piccardi, M, Kruger, B & Girosi, F 2018, 'Analysis of healthcare service utilization after transport-related injuries by a mixture of hidden Markov models', PLOS ONE, vol. 13, no. 11, pp. e0206274-e0206274.
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© 2018 Esmaili et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Background Transport injuries commonly result in significant disease burden, leading to physical disability, mental health deterioration and reduced quality of life. Analyzing the patterns of healthcare service utilization after transport injuries can provide an insight into the health of the affected parties, allow improved health system resource planning, and provide a baseline against which any future system-level interventions can be evaluated. Therefore, this research aims to use time series of service utilization provided by a compensation agency to identify groups of claimants with similar utilization patterns, describe such patterns, and characterize the groups in terms of demographic, accident type and injury type. Methods To achieve this aim, we have proposed an analytical framework that utilizes latent variables to describe the utilization patterns over time and group the claimants into clusters based on their service utilization time series. To perform the clustering without dismissing the temporal dimension of the time series, we have used a well-established statistical approach known as the mixture of hidden Markov models (MHMM). Ensuing the clustering, we have applied multinomial logistic regression to provide a description of the clusters against demographic, injury and accident covariates. Results We have tested our model with data on psychology service utilization from one of the main compensation agencies for transport accidents in Australia, and found that three clear clusters of service utilization can be evinced from the data. These three clusters correspond to claimants who have tended to use the services 1) only briefly after the accident; 2) for an intermediate period of time...
Fan, X, He, X, Xiang, C, Puthal, D, Gong, L, Nanda, P & Fang, G 2018, 'Towards System Implementation and Data Analysis for Crowdsensing Based Outdoor RSS Maps', IEEE Access, vol. 6, pp. 47535-47545.
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© 2013 IEEE. With the explosive usage of smart mobile devices, sustainable access to wireless networks (e.g., Wi-Fi) has become a pervasive demand. Most mobile users expect seamless network connection with low cost. Indeed, this can be achieved by using an accurate received signal strength (RSS) map of wireless access points. While existing methods are either costly or unscalable, the recently emerged mobile crowdsensing (MCS) paradigm is a promising technique for building RSS maps. MCS applications leverage pervasive mobile devices to collaboratively collect data. However, the heterogeneity of devices and the mobility of users could cause inherent noises and blank spots in collected data set. In this paper, we study how to: 1) tame the sensing noises from heterogenous mobile devices and 2) construct accurate and complete RSS maps with random mobility of crowdsensing participants. First, we build a mobile crowdsensing system called i Map to collect RSS measurements with heterogeneous mobile devices. Second, through observing experimental results, we build statistical models of sensing noises and derive different parameters for each kind of mobile device. Third, we present the signal transmission model with measurement error model, and we propose a novel signal recovery scheme to construct accurate and complete RSS maps. The evaluation results show that the proposed method can achieve 90% and 95% recovery rate in geographic coordinate system and polar coordinate system, respectively.
Farrok, O, Islam, MR, Guo, Y, Zhu, J & Xu, W 2018, 'A Novel Design Procedure for Designing Linear Generators', IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, vol. 65, no. 2, pp. 1846-1854.
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IEEE A number of research works have been carried out based on the optimization of linear generators for harvesting oceanic wave energy, but no significant method of shape optimization for determination of the optimal shape of linear generator has been found. Moreover, inclusion of some parameters, such as shape of linear generator & #x0027;s translator and stator, has been considered out of the scope of the conventional, adaptive or knowledge based genetic algorithm. This paper proposes a novel method through which any type of linear generator & #x0027;s shape can be optimized graphically. A mathematical model of the proposed method including human intervened genetic algorithm is presented. The proposed method has been applied to a direct-drive system based linear generator where the maximization of electrical power output and minimization of steel core volume have been considered as the optimization objectives. The optimization parameters have been further optimized graphically within functional volumetric and electromagnetic constraints to achieve improved design solutions. The proposed method has included comprehensive geometric dimensions, magnetic and electrical parameters. Finally, the shape of steel cores of the translator and special m-shaped stator of the linear generator is determined and simulated using the copper wire. This optimized shape of the linear generator is capable of satisfying the multi-objectives of maximal electrical power generation and reduction of its size. The ANSYS/Ansoft software has been used to create the platform for analyses of the whole system.
Farrok, O, Islam, MR, Islam Sheikh, MR, Guo, Y, Zhu, J & Lei, G 2018, 'Oceanic Wave Energy Conversion by a Novel Permanent Magnet Linear Generator Capable of Preventing Demagnetization', IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, vol. 54, no. 6, pp. 6005-6014.
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© 1972-2012 IEEE. In the conventional permanent magnet linear generators (PMLGs) used for oceanic wave energy conversion system, demagnetization could cause everlasting degradation in electrical power generation. This paper presents a new design that can be applied to various PMLGs to avoid demagnetization. To check the effectiveness of the proposed technique, a PMLG is considered, which allows both the fixed and variable length of airgaps for analysis. The finite element analysis is used by using the software package ANSYS/Ansoft to simulate the testing PMLG for two conditions: with and without using the proposed technique. Different parameters and characteristics of the PMLG under both conditions are presented in detail. Both the simulation and test results show that the proposed design is able to avoid the demagnetization problem successfully.
Farrok, O, Islam, MR, Sheikh, MRI, Guo, Y & Zhu, JG 2018, 'A Split Translator Secondary Stator Permanent Magnet Linear Generator for Oceanic Wave Energy Conversion', IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, vol. 65, no. 9, pp. 7600-7608.
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IEEE Almost all flux switching permanent magnet linear generators (FSPMLGs) and Vernier hybrid machines contain a heavy solid translator due to their design limitations for electricity generation from the oceanic waves. This paper presents the new design of a FSPMLG in which the translator weight is reduced and an additional static steel core is inserted inside the translator cavity to improve the magnetic flux linkage of the main stator. The generated voltage, current, power, efficiency, core loss, force ripples and cogging force minimization of the proposed FSPMLG are presented. From the dynamic model of the oceanic wave, it is shown that the translator with lower mass could generate electricity more effectively. The special stator and translator sets have been optimized by using the genetic algorithm before they are used in the proposed FSPMLG. To analyze the performance and verify the feasibility of the new design of FSPMLG, the finite element analysis is performed by using the commercial software package ANSYS/Ansoft.
Faunce, TA, Prest, J, Su, D, Hearne, SJ & Iacopi, F 2018, 'On-grid batteries for large-scale energy storage: Challenges and opportunities for policy and technology', MRS Energy & Sustainability, vol. 5, no. 1.
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ABSTRACT
Feng, X, Wan, W, Xu, RYD, Chen, H, Li, P & Sánchez, JA 2018, 'A perceptual quality metric for 3D triangle meshes based on spatial pooling', Frontiers of Computer Science, vol. 12, no. 4, pp. 798-812.
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Feng, X, Wan, W, Xu, RYD, Perry, S, Zhu, S & Liu, Z 2018, 'A new mesh visual quality metric using saliency weighting-based pooling strategy', Graphical Models, vol. 99, pp. 1-12.
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© 2018 Elsevier Inc. Several metrics have been proposed to assess the visual quality of 3D triangular meshes during the last decade. In this paper, we propose a mesh visual quality metric by integrating mesh saliency into mesh visual quality assessment. We use the Tensor-based Perceptual Distance Measure metric to estimate the local distortions for the mesh, and pool local distortions into a quality score using a saliency weighting-based pooling strategy. Three well-known mesh saliency detection methods are used to demonstrate the superiority and effectiveness of our metric. Experimental results show that our metric with any of three saliency maps performs better than state-of-the-art metrics on the LIRIS/EPFL general-purpose database. We generate a synthetic saliency map by assembling salient regions from individual saliency maps. Experimental results reveal that the synthetic saliency map achieves better performance than individual saliency maps, and the performance gain is closely correlated with the similarity between the individual saliency maps.
Feng, X, Wan, W, Yi Da Xu, R, Perry, S, Li, P & Zhu, S 2018, 'A novel spatial pooling method for 3D mesh quality assessment based on percentile weighting strategy', Computers & Graphics, vol. 74, pp. 12-22.
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Fernandez, E, Hossain, MJ & Nizami, MSH 2018, 'Game-theoretic approach to demand-side energy management for a smart neighbourhood in Sydney incorporating renewable resources', Applied Energy, vol. 232, pp. 245-257.
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Forouzesh, M, Shen, Y, Yari, K, Siwakoti, YP & Blaabjerg, F 2018, 'High-Efficiency High Step-Up DC–DC Converter With Dual Coupled Inductors for Grid-Connected Photovoltaic Systems', IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, vol. 33, no. 7, pp. 5967-5982.
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© 1986-2012 IEEE. This paper introduces a non-isolated high step-up DC-DC converter with dual coupled inductors suitable for distributed generation applications. By implementing an input parallel connection, the proposed DC-DC structure inherits shared input current with low ripple, which also requires small capacitive filter at its input. Moreover, this topology can reach high voltage gain by using dual coupled inductors in series connection at the output stage. The proposed converter uses active clamp circuits with a shared clamp capacitor for the main switches. In addition to the active clamp circuit, the leakage energy is recycled to the output by using an integrated regenerative snubber. Indeed, these circuits allow soft-switching conditions, i.e., zero voltage switching and zero current switching for active and passive switching devices, respectively. The mentioned features along with a common ground connection of the input and output make the proposed topology a proper candidate for transformer-less grid-connected photovoltaic systems. The operating performance, analysis and mathematical derivations of the proposed DC-DC converter have been demonstrated in the paper. Moreover, the main features of the proposed converter have been verified through experimental results of a 1-kW laboratory prototype.
Gao, H, Li, Y, Wang, S, Zhu, J, Yang, Q, Zhang, C & Li, J 2018, 'Losses analysis of soft magnetic ring core under sinusoidal pulse width modulation (SPWM) and space vector pulse width modulation (SVPWM) excitations', AIP Advances, vol. 8, no. 5, pp. 056638-056638.
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Practical core losses in electrical machines differ significantly from those experimental results using the standardized measurement method, i.e. Epstein Frame method. In order to obtain a better approximation of the losses in an electrical machine, a simulation method considering sinusoidal pulse width modulation (SPWM) and space vector pulse width modulation (SVPWM) waveforms is proposed. The influence of the pulse width modulation (PWM) parameters on the harmonic components in SPWM and SVPWM is discussed by fast Fourier transform (FFT). Three-level SPWM and SVPWM are analyzed and compared both by simulation and experiment. The core losses of several ring samples magnetized by SPWM, SVPWM and sinusoidal alternating current (AC) are obtained. In addition, the temperature rise of the samples under SPWM, sinusoidal excitation are analyzed and compared.
Gao, X, Zhang, T, Du, J & Guo, YJ 2018, 'Design, modelling and simulation of a monolithic high-T c superconducting terahertz mixer', Superconductor Science and Technology, vol. 31, no. 11, pp. 115010-115010.
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© 2018 IOP Publishing Ltd. This paper presents a novel concept and design of a full monolithic integrated high-T c superconducting (HTS) Josephson junction terahertz (THz) harmonic mixer coupled with a circularly polarized (CP) antenna. The fully on-chip mixer device is very compact in size and utilizes the CP antenna to enhance the polarization orientation flexibility in coupling THz radiation. Electromagnetic simulations are carried out to optimize the coupling efficiency and axial ratio of the THz CP antenna, and the signal transmission and isolation characteristics of the monolithic circuit. An equivalent circuit model of the HTS THz mixer is then established and simulation is performed based on our previously measured step-edge Josephson junction characteristics to evaluate the device performance and validate the concept of design. The results show that a superior performance could be achieved from such a monolithic HTS mixer device, which is significantly better than any HTS THz harmonic mixers reported to date.
George, L, Lehmann, T & Hamilton, TJ 2018, 'A reconfigurable dual-output buck-boost switched-capacitor converter using adaptive gain and discrete frequency scaling control', Microelectronics Journal, vol. 73, pp. 59-74.
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Ghabrial, A, Franklin, D & Zaidi, H 2018, 'A Monte Carlo simulation study of the impact of novel scintillation crystals on performance characteristics of PET scanners', Physica Medica, vol. 50, pp. 37-45.
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The purpose of this study is to validate a Monte Carlo simulation model for the clinical Siemens Biograph mCT PET scanner using the GATE simulation toolkit, and to evaluate the performance of six different scintillation materials in this model using the National Electrical Manufactures Association (NEMA) NU 2-2007 protocol.A model of the Biograph mCT PET detection system and its geometry was developed. NEMA NU 2-2007 phantoms were also modelled. The accuracy of the developed scanner model was validated through a comparison of the simulation results from GATE, SimSET and PeneloPET toolkits, and experimental data obtained using the NEMA NU 2-2007 protocols. The evaluated performance metrics included count rate performance, spatial resolution, sensitivity, and scatter fraction (SF). Thereafter, the mCT PET scanner was simulated with six different candidate high-performance scintillation materials, including LSO, LaBr3, CeBr3, LuAP, GLuGAG and LFS-3, and its performance evaluated according to the NEMA NU 2-2007 specifications.The Monte Carlo simulation model demonstrates good agreement with the experimental data and results from other simulation packages. For instance, the scatter fraction calculated using GATE simulation is 34.35% while the experimentally measured value is 33.2%, 38.48% for the SimSET, and 34.8% for the PeneloPET toolkit. The best-performing scintillation materials were found to be LuAP, LSO and LFS-3, while GLuGAG offers acceptable performance if cost is the dominant concern.The main performance characteristics of the Biograph mCT PET scanner can be simulated accurately using GATE with a good agreement with other Monte Carlo simulation packages and experimental measurements. Newly developed scintillators show promise and offer alternative options for the design of novel generation PET scanners.
Ghosh, S & Lee, JE-Y 2018, 'Piezoelectric-on-silicon Lorentz force magnetometers based on radial contour mode disk resonators', Sensors and Actuators A: Physical, vol. 281, pp. 185-195.
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Gu, Y, Cui, Q, Chen, Y, Ni, W, Tao, X & Zhang, P 2018, 'Effective Capacity Analysis in Ultra-Dense Wireless Networks With Random Interference', IEEE Access, vol. 6, pp. 19499-19508.
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© 2013 IEEE. Ultra-dense networks (UDNs) provide a promising paradigm to cope with exponentially increasing mobile traffic. However, a little work has to date considered unsaturated traffic with Quality-of-Service (QoS) requirements. This paper presents a new cross-layer analytical model to capture the unsaturated traffic of a UDN in the presence of QoS requirements. The effiective capacity (EC) of the UDN is derived, taking into account small-scale channel fading and possible interference. Key properties of the EC are revealed. The amount of traffic impacts EC of the UDN due to the sophisticated interactions among small base stations operating in the same frequency. The maximization of total EC is formulated as a non-cooperative game in this paper. The best-response function is derived, iteratively searching the Nash equilibrium point. System simulation results indicate that our proposed model is accurate. The simulations also show the maximum allowed arrival rate with the QoS guarantee, compared with the full interference model.
Gunawardane, K & Kularatna, N 2018, 'Supercapacitor‐assisted low dropout regulator technique: a new design approach to achieve high‐efficiency linear DC–DC converters', IET Power Electronics, vol. 11, no. 2, pp. 229-238.
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Guo, J, Tan, Z-H, Cho, SH & Zhang, G 2018, 'Wireless Personal Communications: Machine Learning for Big Data Processing in Mobile Internet', Wireless Personal Communications, vol. 102, no. 3, pp. 2093-2098.
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Guo, Q, Zhang, Y, Celler, BG & Su, SW 2018, 'State-Constrained Control of Single-Rod Electrohydraulic Actuator With Parametric Uncertainty and Load Disturbance', IEEE Transactions on Control Systems Technology, vol. 26, no. 6, pp. 2242-2249.
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IEEE The suppression of disturbances under parametric uncertainties is one of the most common control problems in electrohydraulic systems, as both disturbances and uncertainties often significantly degrade the tracking performance and bias the load pressure of the electrohydraulic actuator (EHA). This brief presents a state-constrained control of single-rod EHA to restrict the position tracking error to a prescribed accuracy and guarantee the load pressure in the maximal power boundary. Furthermore, a dynamic surface is designed to avoid the explosion of complexity due to the repeatedly calculated differentiations of the virtual control variables in the backstepping iteration. Integrating with a disturbance observer and the parametric estimation law, this state-constrained controller guarantees the asymptotic convergence of system state error under parametric uncertainties and large load disturbances. The effectiveness of the proposed controller has been demonstrated by a comparative experiment on the motion control of the two-degree-of-freedom robotic arm.
Guo, YJ, Qin, P-Y, Chen, S-L, Lin, W & Ziolkowski, RW 2018, 'Advances in Reconfigurable Antenna Systems Facilitated by Innovative Technologies', IEEE Access, vol. 6, pp. 5780-5794.
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© 2013 IEEE. Future fifth generation (5G) wireless platforms will require reconfigurable antenna systems to meet their performance requirements in compact, light-weight, and cost-effective packages. Recent advances in reconfigurable radiating and receiving structures have been enabled by a variety of innovative technology solutions. Examples of reconfigurable partially reflective surface antennas, reconfigurable filtennas, reconfigurable Huygens dipole antennas, and reconfigurable feeding network-enabled antennas are presented and discussed. They represent novel classes of frequency, pattern, polarization, and beam-direction reconfigurable systems realized by the innovative combinations of radiating structures and circuit components.
Han, L, Liu, S, Han, S, Jia, W & Lei, J 2018, 'Owner based malware discrimination', Future Generation Computer Systems, vol. 80, pp. 496-504.
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© 2016 Elsevier B.V. A piece of malware code can be harmful in one's system but totally harmless in another's. In this paper, we point out that the detection of malicious code or software is actually a matter of discrimination which depends on the owners of the computer systems. We propose an owner based malicious software discrimination model, named as Unlimited Register Machine of Owners (URMO). First, we characterize and analyze the limitations of existing discrimination techniques in theory by using the discrimination model of Unlimited Register Machine (URM) and then move on to construct the URMO discrimination model by giving the two important elements of malicious behavior: an operation and the object of the operation. The relationship between an operation and the object of the operation is fundamental to solving the relativity of the discrimination problem about malice, which is also the advantage of the URMO model. Finally, by applying the model to discriminate real-world malware and comparing it with existing popular antivirus software, we demonstrate the effectiveness and superior performance of the URMO model.
He, F, Jiang, F, Jiang, Y & Ling, SH 2018, 'New microscopic image sequence‐driven cell deformation model', The Journal of Engineering, vol. 2018, no. 16, pp. 1587-1589.
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He, L, Lu, Z, Zhang, J, Geng, L, Zhao, H & Li, X 2018, 'Low-carbon economic dispatch for electricity and natural gas systems considering carbon capture systems and power-to-gas', Applied Energy, vol. 224, pp. 357-370.
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© 2018 Elsevier Ltd To mitigate the global warming threat, CO2 emission reduction is an irreversible trend for the sustainable development of power systems. Among various low-carbon technologies, gas-fired power plants and power-to-gas facilities play an important role to reduce emissions, and they are increasing the interdependency between electricity and natural gas systems. Considering also the increasing penetration of wind power generation, this paper proposes a low-carbon economic dispatch model under both constraints of the electricity and natural gas systems. To reduce CO2 emission and improve the wind power utilization, mathematical formulations of the post-combustion carbon capture system and power-to-gas facility are presented in the proposed model. Additionally, a flexible operation mode of post-combustion carbon capture system and power-to-gas facility is further analyzed. The objective function of the presented model is to minimize the total cost, which consists of the operation cost, the CO2 processing cost and the penalty cost of wind power curtailment. Then the optimization model is converted into a mixed integer linear programming problem for efficient computation purpose. Numerical case studies are carried out to validate the effectiveness of the proposed model and the flexible operation mode.
He, T, Lu, DD-C, Li, L, Zhang, J, Zheng, L & Zhu, J 2018, 'Model-Predictive Sliding-Mode Control for Three-Phase AC/DC Converters', IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, vol. 33, no. 10, pp. 8982-8993.
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© 1986-2012 IEEE. This paper presents a model-predictive sliding-mode control (MPSMC) scheme for a three-phase ac/dc converter to achieve better stability and dynamic performances. In the conventional model-predictive control method, a proportional-integral (PI) controller is used to generate the active power reference. This traditional model-predictive PI control (MPPIC) scheme, however, produces a large overshoot/undershoot, a long settling time, and a large steady-state error under disturbances. To overcome these deficiencies, a sliding-mode controller is employed to replace the PI controller. Since the control law and the controller are designed based on the system model, the proposed MPSMC scheme can reduce the effects of unexpected disturbances, such as the output voltage demand and the resistance load variations. Both methods have been simulated in MATLAB/Simulink during various disturbances. Compared with the performances of MPPIC, the results obtained from MPSMC show that the settling time of the dc voltage can be minimized by about 91%, and the overshoot can be eliminated from 9.13% during the steady-state progress. The active and reactive power from MPSMC can also be controlled to the desired values, respectively, with a much smaller overshoot/undershoot and a faster response speed. Similar dynamic improvements can be achieved with MPSMC when the dc voltage demand varies. The simulation results are validated by experimental results.
He, Y, Jayawickrama, BA, Dutkiewicz, E, Srikanteswara, S & Mueck, M 2018, 'Priority Access and General Authorized Access Interference Mitigation in the Spectrum Access System', IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology, vol. 67, no. 6, pp. 4969-4983.
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© 1967-2012 IEEE. To meet the capacity needs of next generation wireless communications, the U.S. Federal Communications Commission has recently introduced the spectrum access system. Spectrum is shared between three tiers - incumbents, priority access licensees (PAL), and general authorized access (GAA) licensees. When the incumbents are absent, PAL and GAA share the spectrum under the constraint that GAA ensure the interference to PAL is no more than $-$40 dBm with at least 99% confidence. We consider the scenario where locations are not shared between PAL and GAA. We propose a PAL-GAA cochannel interference mitigation technique that does not expose base station locations. Our approach relies on GAA sharing the distribution and maximum number of transmitters in a finite area. We show how PAL can derive the distribution of the aggregate interference using the probability density function and characteristic function, and notify GAA about the exclusion zones in space that will guarantee that the interference requirement is met. We also propose a numerical approximation using inverse fast Fourier and discrete Fourier transforms. Analytically calculated distribution aligns well with the numerical results. Additionally, we formulate an optimization problem for the optimal exclusion zone size. We analytically prove convexity of the problem. Our approach reduces the exclusion zone size by over 42%, which gives significantly more spectral opportunities to GAA in the spatial domain.
He, Y, Wan, Z, Liu, X, Zheng, X, Zeng, G & Zhang, J 2018, 'A CASCADED MULTILEVEL CONVERTER BASED ON SOC CLOSED LOOP TRACKING', Progress In Electromagnetics Research C, vol. 88, pp. 103-115.
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© 2018, Electromagnetics Academy. All rights reserved. This paper proposes a cascaded multilevel converter to reduce the number of IGBT switches for the purpose of improving system stability and decreasing switching losses. This converter can eliminate second-order ripple caused by energy exchange between grid and batteries, and thus extend battery life. This cascaded connection between the equivalent buck/boost circuit and the half-bridge inverter is also able to reduce the number of switch tubes. A control strategy based on state of charge (SOC) closed-loop tracking is designed to implement t0068e errorless follow-up control of average SOC values for electric vehicle batteries. The equivalent circuit under different working modes of the topology is analyzed, and the effectiveness of the control strategy is verified. Simulated and experimental results show that this converter can effectively achieve grid connection requirements and balance the battery units to meet practical needs.
Hoang, DT, Niyato, D, Nguyen, DN, Dutkiewicz, E, Wang, P & Han, Z 2018, 'A Dynamic Edge Caching Framework for Mobile 5G Networks', IEEE Wireless Communications, vol. 25, no. 5, pp. 95-103.
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© 2002-2012 IEEE. Mobile edge caching has emerged as a new paradigm to provide computing, networking resources, and storage for a variety of mobile applications. That helps achieve low latency, high reliability, and improve efficiency in handling a very large number of smart devices and emerging services (e.g., IoT, industry automation, virtual reality) in mobile 5G networks. Nonetheless, the development of mobile edge caching is challenged by the decentralized nature of edge nodes, their small coverage, limited computing, and storage resources. In this article, we first give an overview of mobile edge caching in 5G networks. After that, its key challenges and current approaches are discussed. We then propose a novel caching framework. Our framework allows an edge node to authorize the legitimate users and dynamically predicts and updates their content demands using the matrix factorization technique. Based on the prediction, the edge node can adopt advanced optimization methods to determine optimal content to store so as to maximize its revenue and minimize the average delay of its mobile users. Through numerical results, we demonstrate that our proposed framework provides not only an effective caching approach, but also an efficient economic solution for the mobile service provider.
Hoang, TM, Ngo, HQ, Duong, TQ, Tuan, HD & Marshall, A 2018, 'Cell-Free Massive MIMO Networks: Optimal Power Control Against Active Eavesdropping', IEEE Transactions on Communications, vol. 66, no. 10, pp. 4724-4737.
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© 1972-2012 IEEE. This paper studies the security aspect of a recently introduced 'cell-free massive MIMO' network under a pilot spoofing attack. First, a simple method to recognize the presence of this type of an active eavesdropping attack to a particular user is shown. In order to deal with this attack, we consider the problem of maximizing the achievable data rate of the attacked user or its achievable secrecy rate. The corresponding problems of minimizing the power consumption subject to security constraints are also considered in parallel. Path-following algorithms are developed to solve the posed optimization problems under different power allocation to access points (APs). Under equip-power allocation to APs, these optimization problems admit closed-form solutions. Numerical results show their efficiency.
Hossain, MA, Pota, HR, Hossain, MJ & Haruni, AMO 2018, 'Active power management in a low-voltage islanded microgrid', International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems, vol. 98, pp. 36-47.
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Hossain, MJ, Rafi, FHM, Town, G & Lu, J 2018, 'Multifunctional Three-Phase Four-Leg PV-SVSI With Dynamic Capacity Distribution Method', IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics, vol. 14, no. 6, pp. 2507-2520.
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Hou, ZJ, Yang, Y, Chiu, L, Zhu, X & Xue, Q 2018, 'Wideband Millimeter-Wave On-Chip Quadrature Coupler With Improved In-Band Flatness in 0.13-<inline-formula> <tex-math notation='LaTeX'>$\mu$ </tex-math> </inline-formula>m SiGe Technology', IEEE Electron Device Letters, vol. 39, no. 5, pp. 652-655.
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© 1980-2012 IEEE. This letter proposes a compact and broadband quadrature coupler with a center frequency of 55 GHz, which consists of a 90° broadside coupled-line to support the differential signal propagation and two T-type L-C networks to support the common signal propagation. To analyze the proposed coupler, an equivalent circuit model is provided for estimation of the distributed and lumped component values. The measured results of the proposed on-chip quadrature coupler show that the return loss and isolation are greater than 20 dB with a bandwidth of 105%, while the insertion loss is about -0.85 dB. The magnitude imbalances are less than 1 dB within the bandwidth of 56% and the phase differences are with ±1° errors within the bandwidth of 96.9%. The chip size, excluding the test pads, is only 0.31 × 0.22 mm2.
Hou, ZJ, Yang, Y, Chiu, L, Zhu, X, Dutkiewicz, E, Vardaxoglou, JC & Xue, Q 2018, 'A W-Band Balanced Power Amplifier Using Broadside Coupled Strip-Line Coupler in SiGe BiCMOS 0.13-<inline-formula> <tex-math notation='LaTeX'>$\mu\text{m}$ </tex-math> </inline-formula> Technology', IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I: Regular Papers, vol. 65, no. 7, pp. 2139-2150.
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© 2004-2012 IEEE. Load-variation insensitivity, for impedance matching between power amplifiers (PAs) and transmitting antennas, contributes to challenging the design of millimeter-wave wireless systems. In this paper, a W -band two-way balanced PA based on a compact quadrature coupler with a broadside coupled strip-line (BCSL) as the core is presented to enhance the load-variation insensitivity and stability. The proposed coupler is truly broadband with low amplitude and phase imbalance. The proposed W -band balanced PA achieves higher power-added efficiency (PAE) and unsaturated output power {P} -{\mathrm{ sat}} over wide frequency bandwidth. The W -band balanced PA is implemented in a 0.13- \mu \text{m} SiGe BiCMOS process and achieves a measured {P} -{\mathrm{ sat}} of 16.3 dBm and a peak PAE of 14.1% at 100 GHz (with 1.6-V power supply). The measured {P} -{\mathrm{ sat}} with 1-dB bandwidth is from 91 to 102 GHz. The measured results present the feasibility of the compact quadrature coupler. The total chip surface area (with pads) is 0.64 mm2, where the size of the proposed quadrature coupler area is only 0.04 mm2.
Hou, ZJ, Yang, Y, Zhu, X, Li, YC, Dutkiewicz, E & Xue, Q 2018, 'A Compact and Low-Loss Bandpass Filter Using Self-Coupled Folded-Line Resonator With Capacitive Feeding Technique', IEEE Electron Device Letters, vol. 39, no. 10, pp. 1-1.
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© 1980-2012 IEEE. This letter proposes a compact and low-loss on-chip bandpass filter (BPF) design in (Bi)-CMOS technology. The proposed BPF consists of a self-coupled folded-line resonator and a pair of metal-insulator-metal capacitors. The proposed resonator has a property of flexible self-resonant frequency to form a transmission zero, which is analyzed in detail by a simplified LC equivalent circuit. Moreover, the parametric studies of the feeding capacitance for the proposed BPF design have been performed to demonstrate the tenability of the resonant frequency. For verification, the proposed BPF is fabricated in a standard 0.13-μ m (Bi)-CMOS technology. The measured results show that the proposed BPF has a notch with 25.4-dB suppression at 65 GHz and an insertion loss of 1.66 dB in the passband. The chip size of the device, excluding the test pads, is only 0.009 mm2 (0.11 × 0.086 mm2).
Hu, H, Liu, X, Zhao, J & Guo, Y 2018, 'Analysis and Minimization of Detent End Force in Linear Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machines', IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, vol. 65, no. 3, pp. 2475-2486.
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© 1982-2012 IEEE. In this paper, the end forces caused by the longitude end effects in linear permanent magnet synchronous machines (LPMSMs) are analyzed and minimized. First, the left/right-end forces are calculated based on an analytical model and the Maxwell stress tensor, in which the optimal integration surfaces are investigated. Then, based on the spectrum analysis of the left/right-end forces, two different methods are adopted to minimize the fundamental and high-order harmonics, respectively. The optimal length of the primary iron is obtained from the phase difference of the fundamental and a two-step iteration instead of the trial-and-error with the finite element method. Furthermore, step-skewed auxiliary irons are added to the primary end to eliminate the high-order harmonics. Third, to reduce the secondary end effect when the primary moves to the secondary end, a compensation method of adding mirror permanent magnet is proposed and good results are obtained. Finally, an LPMSM prototype is manufactured and experiments are conducted. The experimental results verify the theoretical study.
Huang, X, Zhang, J, Wu, Q, Fan, L & Yuan, C 2018, 'A Coarse-to-Fine Algorithm for Matching and Registration in 3D Cross-Source Point Clouds', IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology, vol. 28, no. 10, pp. 2965-2977.
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© 1991-2012 IEEE. We propose an efficient method to deal with the matching and registration problem found in cross-source point clouds captured by different types of sensors. This task is especially challenging due to the presence of density variation, scale difference, a large proportion of noise and outliers, missing data, and viewpoint variation. The proposed method has two stages: in the coarse matching stage, we use the ensemble of shape functions descriptor to select potential K regions from the candidate point clouds for the target. In the fine stage, we propose a scale embedded generative Gaussian mixture models registration method to refine the results from the coarse matching stage. Following the fine stage, both the best region and accurate camera pose relationships between the candidates and target are found. We conduct experiments in which we apply the method to two applications: one is 3D object detection and localization in street-view outdoor (LiDAR/VSFM) cross-source point clouds and the other is 3D scene matching and registration in indoor (KinectFusion/VSFM) cross-source point clouds. The experiment results show that the proposed method performs well when compared with the existing methods. It also shows that the proposed method is robust under various sensing techniques, such as LiDAR, Kinect, and RGB camera.
Huynh, NV, Hoang, DT, Nguyen, DN, Dutkiewicz, E, Niyato, D & Wang, P 2018, 'Optimal and Low-Complexity Dynamic Spectrum Access for RF-Powered Ambient Backscatter System with Online Reinforcement Learning', IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON COMMUNICATIONS, vol. 67, no. 8, pp. 5736-5752.
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Ambient backscatter has been introduced with a wide range of applications forlow power wireless communications. In this article, we propose an optimal andlow-complexity dynamic spectrum access framework for RF-powered ambientbackscatter system. In this system, the secondary transmitter not only harvestsenergy from ambient signals (from incumbent users), but also backscatters thesesignals to its receiver for data transmission. Under the dynamics of theambient signals, we first adopt the Markov decision process (MDP) framework toobtain the optimal policy for the secondary transmitter, aiming to maximize thesystem throughput. However, the MDP-based optimization requires completeknowledge of environment parameters, e.g., the probability of a channel to beidle and the probability of a successful packet transmission, that may not bepractical to obtain. To cope with such incomplete knowledge of the environment,we develop a low-complexity online reinforcement learning algorithm that allowsthe secondary transmitter to 'learn' from its decisions and then attain theoptimal policy. Simulation results show that the proposed learning algorithmnot only efficiently deals with the dynamics of the environment, but alsoimproves the average throughput up to 50% and reduces the blocking probabilityand delay up to 80% compared with conventional methods.
Huynh, NV, Hoang, DT, Niyato, D, Wang, P & Kim, DI 2018, 'Optimal Time Scheduling for Wireless-Powered Backscatter Communication Networks', IEEE Wireless Communications Letters, vol. 7, no. 5, pp. 820-823.
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This letter introduces a novel wireless-powered backscatter communicationsystem which allows sensors to utilize RF signals transmitted from a dedicatedRF energy source to transmit data. In the proposed system, when the RF energysource transmits RF signals, the sensors are able to backscatter the RF signalsto transmit date to the gateway and/or harvest energy from the RF signals fortheir operations. By integrating backscattering and energy harvestingtechniques, we can optimize the network throughput of the system. Inparticular, we first formulate the time scheduling problem for the system, andthen propose an optimal solution using convex optimization to maximize theoverall network throughput. Numerical results show a significant throughputgain achieved by our proposed design over two other baseline schemes.
Imani, MH, Ghadi, MJ, Ghavidel, S & Li, L 2018, 'Demand Response Modeling in Microgrid Operation: a Review and Application for Incentive-Based and Time-Based Programs', Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, vol. 94, pp. 486-499.
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© 2018 Elsevier Ltd During recent years, with the advent of restructuring in power systems as well as the increase of electricity demand and global fuel energy prices, challenges related to implementing demand response programs (DRPs) have gained remarkable attention of independent system operators (ISOs) and customers, aiming at the improvement of attributes of the load curve and reduction of energy consumption as well as benefiting customers. In this paper, different types of DRPs are modeled based on price elasticity of the demand and the concept of customer benefit. Besides, the impact of implementing DRPs on the operation of grid-connected microgrid (MG) is analyzed. Moreover, several scenarios are presented in order to model uncertainties interfering MG operations including failure of generation units and random outages of transmission lines and upstream line, error in load demand forecasting, uncertainty in production of renewable energies (wind and solar) based distributed generation units, and the possibility that customers do not respond to scheduled interruptions. Simulations are conducted for two principal categories of DRP including incentive-based programs and time-based programs on an 11-bus MG over a 24-h period and also a 14-bus MG over a period of 336 h (two weeks). Simulation results indicate the effects of DRPs on total operation costs, customer's benefit, and load curve as well as determining optimal use of energy resources in the MG operation. In this regard, prioritizing of DRPs on the MG operation is required.
Islam, M, Mithulananthan, N & Hossain, MJ 2018, 'Dynamic Voltage Support by TL-PV Systems to Mitigate Short-Term Voltage Instability in Residential DN', IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, vol. 33, no. 4, pp. 4360-4370.
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Ismaiel, B, Abolhasan, M, Ni, W, Smith, DB, Franklin, DR & Jamalipour, A 2018, 'Analysis of Effective Capacity and Throughput of Polling-Based Device-To-Device Networks.', IEEE Trans. Veh. Technol., vol. 67, no. 9, pp. 8656-8666.
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© 1967-2012 IEEE. Next-generation wireless networks will give rise to heterogeneous networks by integrating multiple wireless access technologies to provide seamless mobility to mobile users with high-speed wireless connectivity. Device-to-device (D2D) communication has proven to be a promising technology that can increase the capacity and coverage of wireless networks. The D2D communication was first introduced in long-term evolution advanced (LTE-A) and has gained immense popularity for the offloading traffic using the licensed and unlicensed band. Challenges arise from resource allocation, provision of quality-of-service (QoS), and the quantification of capacity in an unlicensed band due to the distributed nature of Wi-Fi. In this paper, we propose an analytical performance model for the scalable MAC protocol (SC-MP) in which a resource allocation mechanism is based on the IEEE 802.11 point coordinated function to access the Wi-Fi channel for voice and video/multimedia traffic. In the SC-MP, D2D communication is applied to further offload the video/multimedia traffic. In particular, this paper establishes a three-state semi-Markovian model to derive a closed-form expression of effective capacity in terms of transmission rate and quality-of-service. Further, the SC-MP is analytically modeled using the four-state traditional Markov model to derive the saturation throughput. The analytical results are validated through simulations, hence, proving the appropriateness of the model.
Ismaiel, B, Abolhasan, M, Ni, W, Smith, DB, Franklin, DR, Dutkiewicz, E, Krunz, M & Jamalipour, A 2018, 'PCF-Based LTE Wi-Fi Aggregation for Coordinating and Offloading the Cellular Traffic to D2D Network.', IEEE Trans. Veh. Technol., vol. 67, no. 12, pp. 12193-12203.
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© 2018 IEEE. Device-to-device (D2D) communication is a promising technology towards 5G networks. D2D communication can offload traffic using licensed/unlicensed band by establishing a direct communication between two users without traversing the base station or core network. However, one of the major challenges of D2D communication is resource allocation and guaranteeing quality-of-service (QoS). In this paper, we establish an optimal queuing scheduling and resource allocation problem for three-tier heterogeneous network based on LTE Wi-Fi aggregation, to offload voice/multimedia traffic from licensed band to unlicensed band using scalable MAC protocol (SC-MP) under various static delay constraints. The access mechanism used for Wi-Fi in SC-MP is point coordination function, which further offloads the multimedia traffic using D2D communication in unlicensed band. Resource allocation and optimal joint queuing scheduling problems are formulated with diverse QoS guarantee between licensed and unlicensed band to minimize the bandwidth of licensed band. Furthermore, an iterative algorithm is proposed to express the nonconvex problem as a series of subproblems based on block coordinate descent and difference of two convex functions (D.C) program. We have simulated the proposed scheme using two scenarios: Voice traffic using licensed band and voice traffic using both licensed and unlicensed band, whereas multimedia traffic uses unlicensed band for both the scenarios. The simulation results show that both the schemes perform better than the existing scheme and scenario 2 outperforms scenario 1.
Jan, MA, Tan, Z, He, X & Ni, W 2018, 'Moving towards highly reliable and effective sensor networks', Ad-Hoc and Sensor Wireless Networks, vol. 40, no. 3-4, pp. 163-168.
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Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) have been the preferred choice for the
design and deployment of next generation monitoring and control systems
[1]. In these networks, the sensor nodes forward their sensed data towards a
centralized base station. The neighboring nodes frequently sense correlated
data and forward towards the base station, using disjoints multiple paths [2].
As a result, the area around the base station becomes congested with all the
traffic converging towards it. Apart from packet lost due to congestion, a
significant number of packets are lost due to interference, packet collision,
node failure and transmission errors [3]. For a successful monitoring of the
deployed environment, the critical data collected by the sensor nodes need to
be reliably and effectively delivered to the base station. Given the error-prone
nature of the wireless links, ensuring reliable transmission of data from
resource-constrained sensor nodes towards the base station continues to be
one of the major challenges in the field of WSNs [4]. Retransmission and
redundancy are classified as the two main approaches to achieve data transmission reliability in WSNs. However, retransmission and redundancy techniques perform better when using hop-by-hop transmission approach as
compared to end-to-end transmission. Using hop-by-hop approach introduces
in-node processing overhead and incurs high overall latency in reporting data
to the base station. As a result, hybrid approaches need to be adopted to ensure highly reliable and effective data transmission towards the base stations in WSNs.
The specific objective of this special issue is to collect high quality research
articles with solid background in both theoretical and practical aspects of reliability and effectiveness for WSNs. This special issue focuses on various
topics pertaining to reliable and effective communication such as, fault-tolerance, energy-efficiency, topology control, load-balancing, propagation pathloss, co-channe...
Jayawickrama, BA, He, Y, Dutkiewicz, E & Mueck, MD 2018, 'Scalable Spectrum Access System for Massive Machine Type Communication', IEEE Network, vol. 32, no. 3, pp. 154-160.
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© 1986-2012 IEEE. Future 5G networks aspire to enable new services with vastly different data rate, latency and scalability requirements. The consensus is that these new services will fall into three categories: eMBB, URLLC, and mMTC. Due to unique characteristics of these services and the limited availability of finite spectrum resources, 5G will need to carefully map appropriate bands and spectrum usage models for each service. The SAS is an emerging spectrum sharing model that is gaining momentum in the U.S. SAS presents an opportunity for operators to access the 3.5 GHz military radar band for commercial use. This article discusses the feasibility of the current SAS model in the context of mMTC. We propose a scalable SAS framework that can manage the mMTC uplink interference to the incumbent with less overhead. The simulation setup models the interference levels in New York City and its surrounding counties. The results show that mMTC uplink transmission can be enabled using our framework even on the coast of New York, where mMTC density is high, without causing a harmful level of interference to the incumbent.
Ji, L-Y, Qin, P-Y & Guo, YJ 2018, 'Wideband Fabry-Perot Cavity Antenna With a Shaped Ground Plane', IEEE Access, vol. 6, pp. 2291-2297.
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© 2013 IEEE. This paper proposes a novel approach to broaden the 3-dB gain bandwidth of Fabry-Perot cavity (FPC) antennas by utilizing a shaped ground plane. The shaped ground plane is flat in the middle to accommodate the source antenna, and then angled up in the shape of trapezoids. Compared with an FPC antenna with a traditional flat ground plane, the 3-dB gain bandwidth of the one with a shaped ground plane is improved from 11% to 20.2% with the maximum realized gain and the 10-dB impedance bandwidth almost unchanged. To validate the feasibility of the proposed approach, an FPC antenna prototype has been designed, fabricated, and measured. It consists of a U-slot rectangular microstrip patch antenna as the source, a Rogers RT6006 superstrate as the partially reflective surface, and the proposed shaped ground plane. Measured results on input reflection coefficients and radiation patterns agree well with simulated ones. Therefore, this new approach can be an effective way to enhance the gain bandwidth without increasing the cavity profile or using multi-layer superstrate structures.
Ju, M, Ding, C, Zhang, D & Guo, YJ 2018, 'Gamma-Correction-Based Visibility Restoration for Single Hazy Images', IEEE Signal Processing Letters, vol. 25, no. 7, pp. 1084-1088.
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© 1994-2012 IEEE. In this letter, a concise gamma-correction-based dehazing model (GDM) is proposed. This GDM explicitly describes the inner relationship between the gamma correction (GC) and the traditional scattering model. Combined with the existing priori constraints, GDM is further approximated into a one-dimensional (1-D) function to seek the only unknown constant that is used for haze removal. Using the determined constant, the scene albedo can be recovered, eliminating the haze from single hazy images. The proposed GDM is able to suppress the halo/blocking artifacts in the recovered results due to the scene albedo, which is less sensitive to the determined constant. Simulation results on different types of benchmark images verify that the proposed technique outperforms state-of-the-art methods in terms of both recovery, quality, and real-time performance.
Kamal, MS, Trivdedi, MC, Alam, JB, Dey, N, Ashour, AS, Shi, F & Tavares, JMRS 2018, 'Big DNA datasets analysis under push down automata', Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. 35, no. 2, pp. 1555-1565.
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Kamal, S, Dey, N, Nimmy, SF, Ripon, SH, Ali, NY, Ashour, AS, Karaa, WBA, Nguyen, GN & Shi, F 2018, 'Evolutionary framework for coding area selection from cancer data', Neural Computing and Applications, vol. 29, no. 4, pp. 1015-1037.
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Karmokar, DK, Guo, YJ, Qin, P-Y, Chen, S-L & Bird, TS 2018, 'Substrate Integrated Waveguide-Based Periodic Backward-to-Forward Scanning Leaky-Wave Antenna With Low Cross-Polarization', IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, vol. 66, no. 8, pp. 3846-3856.
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© 1963-2012 IEEE. For many leaky-wave antennas (LWAs), it is challenging to realize beam scanning through broadside. A problem is the presence of an open stopband (OSB), which restricts radiation in the broadside direction. In this paper, a novel substrate integrated waveguide (SIW)-based LWA is described to overcome the OSB problem and provide beam scanning continuously from the backward to the forward direction from a conventional periodic LWA. It is demonstrated that the n =-1 spatial harmonic can be excited efficiently from an SIW LWA and enables broadside radiation. However, it was found in our initial design that when the beam scans through the broadside, the cross-polarization level increases significantly compared to the beam close to the backfire direction. A technique is developed to reduce the cross-polarization level. As a result, a new antenna configuration is created. The antenna design has been realized and measured to validate the concept. The measured beam scanning range of the prototype is from -74° to +45° (119° of beam scanning) when the frequency sweeps from 7.625 to 11 GHz, and the measured cross-polarization level is 20.8 dB low at the main beam direction for the broadside beam.
Kashif, M, Hossain, MJ, Zhuo, F & Gautam, S 2018, 'Design and implementation of a three-level active power filter for harmonic and reactive power compensation', Electric Power Systems Research, vol. 165, pp. 144-156.
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Khan, AA, Abolhasan, M & Ni, W 2018, 'An Evolutionary Game Theoretic Approach for Stable and Optimized Clustering in VANETs', IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology, vol. 67, no. 5, pp. 4501-4513.
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© 1967-2012 IEEE. Discovering and maintaining efficient routes for data dissemination in vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs) has proven to be a very challenging problem. Clustering is one of the control protocols used to provide efficient and stable routes for data dissemination. However, the rapid changes in network topology in VANETs creates frequent cluster reformation, which can seriously affect route stability. We propose a novel evolutionary game theoretic (EGT) framework to automate the clustering of nodes and nominations of cluster heads, to achieve cluster stability in VANETs. The equilibrium point is proven analytically and the stability is also tested using Lyapunov function. The performance of the proposed evolutionary game is empirically investigated with different cost functions using static and mobile scenarios. The simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness and robustness of our proposed EGT approach for different populations and speeds, thus reducing the overhead of frequent cluster reformation in VANETs.
Kong, F, Sun, X, Guo, YJ, Leung, VCM, Zhu, Q & Zhu, H 2018, 'Queue-Aware Power Consumption Minimization in Two-Tier Heterogeneous Networks', IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology, vol. 67, no. 9, pp. 8875-8889.
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© 1967-2012 IEEE. In this paper, we study the network average power consumption minimization problem in a two-tier heterogeneous network by optimally tuning the activation ratio of micro base stations (BSs) under the quality of service (QoS) constraints of the network mean queueing delay and the network signal-to-interference ratio (SIR) coverage. With the consideration of dynamic packets arrivals, each BS can either be busy or be idle depending on its queueing status. The network performance is thus critically determined by the traffic intensity of each BS. With the assumption of universal frequency reuse, the average traffic intensity of each tier is characterized by a set of fixed-point equations, which can be solved by a proposed iterative method. By using the approximation that BSs of the same tier have the same SIR coverage, the cumulative distribution function of the traffic intensity of each tier is further obtained. On that basis, the network average power consumption per area, the network mean queueing delay, and the network SIR coverage are characterized. Numerical results demonstrate that if the idle power coefficient is below a certain threshold, then the optimal activation ratio equals the one to minimize the network average power consumption per area; otherwise, the optimal activation ratio can be obtained according to the QoS constraints. It is further shown that universal frequency reuse outperforms spectrum partitioning in terms of both the network average power consumption and the network SIR coverage in the considered scenario.
Kusakunniran, W, Wu, Q, Ritthipravat, P & Zhang, J 2018, 'Hard exudates segmentation based on learned initial seeds and iterative graph cut', Computer Methods and Programs in Biomedicine, vol. 158, pp. 173-183.
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© 2018 Elsevier B.V. (Background and Objective): The occurrence of hard exudates is one of the early signs of diabetic retinopathy which is one of the leading causes of the blindness. Many patients with diabetic retinopathy lose their vision because of the late detection of the disease. Thus, this paper is to propose a novel method of hard exudates segmentation in retinal images in an automatic way. (Methods): The existing methods are based on either supervised or unsupervised learning techniques. In addition, the learned segmentation models may often cause miss-detection and/or fault-detection of hard exudates, due to the lack of rich characteristics, the intra-variations, and the similarity with other components in the retinal image. Thus, in this paper, the supervised learning based on the multilayer perceptron (MLP) is only used to identify initial seeds with high confidences to be hard exudates. Then, the segmentation is finalized by unsupervised learning based on the iterative graph cut (GC) using clusters of initial seeds. Also, in order to reduce color intra-variations of hard exudates in different retinal images, the color transfer (CT) is applied to normalize their color information, in the pre-processing step. (Results): The experiments and comparisons with the other existing methods are based on the two well-known datasets, e_ophtha EX and DIARETDB1. It can be seen that the proposed method outperforms the other existing methods in the literature, with the sensitivity in the pixel-level of 0.891 for the DIARETDB1 dataset and 0.564 for the e_ophtha EX dataset. The cross datasets validation where the training process is performed on one dataset and the testing process is performed on another dataset is also evaluated in this paper, in order to illustrate the robustness of the proposed method. (Conclusions): This newly proposed method integrates the supervised learning and unsupervised learning based techniques. It achieves the improved performa...
Lai, W, Ni, W, Wang, H & Liu, RP 2018, 'Analysis of Average Packet Loss Rate in Multi-Hop Broadcast for VANETs', IEEE Communications Letters, vol. 22, no. 1, pp. 157-160.
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© 2017 IEEE. Multi-hop relay can effectively improve the average packet loss rate (PLR) of vehicular ad hoc networks within a particular zone of interest. Challenges arise from analyzing the average PLR affected by distributed relay selections, which depend on the mobility of vehicles, the wireless channel conditions, and media access control (MAC). In this letter, we propose an average PLR analysis model taking into account the above three factors. However, the closed-form expression for the average PLR is intractable mainly due to the multiple integral of the joint distance distribution integrating with the channel conditions and vehicle mobility. An explicit expression for the upper bound of the average PLR is obtained by using Taylor series expansion, Holder's inequality, and the relay probability relaxation, which can facilitate the selection of the parameters at the physical and MAC layers for a better PLR. Simulation results validate our analyses.
Lee, D, van Dorp Schuitman, J, Qiu, X & Burnett, I 2018, 'Development of a clarity parameter using a time-varying loudness model', The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, vol. 143, no. 6, pp. 3455-3459.
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The perceived sound clarity is often estimated with the clarity index, which is calculated on the basis of physical acoustic measures that can correlate weakly to the way humans perceive sound for certain test conditions. Therefore, this study proposes a clarity parameter based on a binaural room impulse response processed with a time-varying loudness model. The proposed parameter is validated by calculating the correlation coefficient with subject responses collected from previous listening experiments. Results show that the parameter outperforms the clarity index in most of the tested conditions, but its performance is less robust than parameter for clarity (PCLA).
Lei, G, Wang, T, Zhu, J & Guo, Y 2018, 'Robust multiobjective and multidisciplinary design optimization of electrical drive systems', CES Transactions on Electrical Machines and Systems, vol. 2, no. 4, pp. 409-416.
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Li, K, Ni, W, Duan, L, Abolhasan, M & Niu, J 2018, 'Wireless Power Transfer and Data Collection in Wireless Sensor Networks', IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology, vol. 67, no. 3, pp. 2686-2697.
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© 1967-2012 IEEE. In a rechargeable wireless sensor network, the data packets are generated by sensor nodes at a specific data rate, and transmitted to a base station. Moreover, the base station transfers power to the nodes by using wireless power transfer (WPT) to extend their battery life. However, inadequately scheduling WPT and data collection causes some of the nodes to drain their battery and have their data buffer overflow, whereas the other nodes waste their harvested energy, which is more than they need to transmit their packets. In this paper, we investigate a novel optimal scheduling strategy, called EHMDP, aiming to minimize data packet loss from a network of sensor nodes in terms of the nodes' energy consumption and data queue state information. The scheduling problem is first formulated by a centralized MDP model, assuming that the complete states of each node are well known by the base station. This presents the upper bound of the data that can be collected in a rechargeable wireless sensor network. Next, we relax the assumption of the availability of full state information so that the data transmission and WPT can be semidecentralized. The simulation results show that, in terms of network throughput and packet loss rate, the proposed algorithm significantly improves the network performance.
Li, L, Liu, Z & Zhang, J 2018, 'Unsupervised image co-segmentation via guidance of simple images', Neurocomputing, vol. 275, pp. 1650-1661.
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© 2017 Elsevier B.V. This paper proposes a novel image co-segmentation method, which aims to segment the common objects in a group of images. The proposed method takes advantages of the reliability of simple images and successfully improves the performance. The images are first ranked by the complexities based on their saliency maps. Then, the simple images, in which objects are common and easy to be segmented, are selected and processed to obtain their segmentation results, these segmentation results are taken as the samples of the targeted objects. Finally, the remaining complicated images are segmented with the guidance of the samples. The experiments on the iCoseg dataset demonstrate the outperformance and robustness of the proposed method.
Li, M, Liu, Y & Guo, YJ 2018, 'Shaped Power Pattern Synthesis of a Linear Dipole Array by Element Rotation and Phase Optimization Using Dynamic Differential Evolution', IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters, vol. 17, no. 4, pp. 697-701.
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Li, M, Yang, Y, Xu, KD, Zhu, X & Wong, SW 2018, 'Microwave On-Chip Bandpass Filter Based on Hybrid Coupling Technique', IEEE Transactions on Electron Devices, vol. 65, no. 12, pp. 5453-5459.
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© 2018 IEEE. In this paper, a novel on-chip circuit design approach is proposed using hybrid coupling technique. Taking advantage of this technique, a microwave bandpass filter (BPF) is proposed as a design example for proof of concept. Based on stub-loaded stepped-impedance transmission lines and folded stepped-impedance meander line from different metal layers, the proposed BPF can generate three transmission zeros (TZs) and two transmission poles (TPs), which are excited through the hybrid mutual couplings between the inductive and capacitive metals. To understand the principle of this configuration, an equivalent LC-circuit model is presented and simplified, of which the TZs and TPs of the proposed BPF are estimated by the extracted transfer function. The calculated results exhibit good agreements with the simulated and measured ones. In addition, the bandwidth and center frequency of the proposed BPF can be tuned flexibly. Finally, to further demonstrate the feasibility of this approach in practice, the structure is implemented and fabricated in a commercial 0.13- μm SiGe (Bi)-CMOS technology. The measurement results show that the proposed BPF, whose chip size is 0.39 mm × 0.45 mm (excluding the test pads), can realize a wide bandwidth from 19.7 to 33.2 GHz with a return loss of 15.8 dB and insertion loss of 3.8 dB at the center frequency of 26.5 GHz.
Li, S, Ni, W, Sung, CK & Hedley, M 2018, 'Recent advances on cooperative wireless localization and their application in inhomogeneous propagation environments', Computer Networks, vol. 142, pp. 253-271.
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© 2018 Elsevier B.V. In this survey, we review recent advances on cooperative localization techniques and identify critical challenges in realistic cooperative localization systems. Particularly, we focus on the inhomogeneity of radio propagation environments, which has substantial impact on the accuracy of positioning systems that assume a homogeneous propagation model. Popular cooperative localization algorithms based on maximum-likelihood estimation, convex relaxation and optimization, and message passing are surveyed, with more emphasis placed on Received Signal Strength (RSS) based approaches due to their potential application in low cost devices. It is shown that most existing algorithms are based on the assumption of a propagation environment with a priori known spatially invariant propagation models. The extension of existing algorithms to capture the inhomogeneity of propagation environments are studied.
Li, W, Ni, W, Liu, D, Liu, R & Luo, S 2018, 'Unified Ciphertext-Policy Weighted Attribute-Based Encryption for Sharing Data in Cloud Computing', Applied Sciences, vol. 8, no. 12, pp. 2519-2519.
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With the rapid development of cloud computing, it is playing an increasingly important role in data sharing. Meanwhile, attribute-based encryption (ABE) has been an effective way to share data securely in cloud computing. In real circumstances, there is often a mutual access sub-policy in different providers’ access policies, and the significance of each attribute is usual diverse. In this paper, a secure and efficient data-sharing scheme in cloud computing, which is called unified ciphertext-policy weighted attribute-based encryption (UCP-WABE), is proposed. The weighted attribute authority assigns weights to attributes depending on their importance. The mutual information extractor extracts the mutual access sub-policy and generates the mutual information. Thus, UCP-WABE lowers the total encryption time cost of multiple providers. We prove that UCP-WABE is selectively secure on the basis of the security of ciphertext-policy weighted attribute-based encryption (CP-WABE). Additionally, the results of the implementation shows that UCP-WABE is efficient in terms of time.
Li, Y, Zhu, L & Zhu, J 2018, 'Core Loss Calculation Based on Finite-Element Method With Jiles–Atherton Dynamic Hysteresis Model', IEEE Transactions on Magnetics, vol. 54, no. 3, pp. 1-5.
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© 2018 IEEE. For accurate computation of core losses, the Jiles-Atherton ( J - A ) dynamic hysteresis model accounting for hysteresis, eddy current and excess losses is incorporated into the finite-element method (FEM). The J - A dynamic hysteresis model is constructed by combining the traditional J - A hysteresis model with the models of instantaneous eddy current and excess losses. The J - A model parameters and dynamic loss coefficients are determined by fitting the models to the measurement data of a single sheet tester (SST 500) and Epstein frame tester. To find the robust best fit, the particle swarm optimization algorithm is employed. By using the proposed J - A dynamic hysteresis model and FEM, the magnetic characteristics of a magnetic core is simulated and the core loss distribution within the core obtained. The calculated and measured results are compared to show the accuracy and effectiveness of the proposed model.
Lin, J-Y, Wong, S-W, Zhu, L, Yang, Y, Zhu, X, Xie, Z-M & He, Y 2018, 'A Dual-Functional Triple-Mode Cavity Resonator With the Integration of Filters and Antennas', IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, vol. 66, no. 5, pp. 2589-2593.
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Lin, S, Yu, J, Ni, W & Liu, R 2018, 'Decoupling 5G Network Control: Centralised Coordination and Distributed Adaptation', International Journal of Computers Communications & Control, vol. 13, no. 2, pp. 192-204.
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Fifth generation mobile networks (5G) will be featured by miniaturised cells and massive dense deployment. Traditional centralised network control cannot adapt to high signalling delay, and is therefore not scalable for future 5G networks.To address this issue, we adopt the software-defined networking (SDN) approach of decoupled network control and data transmission. In particular, delay-sensitive interference suppression for data transmission is decoupled from delay-tolerant topology control and base station coordination. This substantially alleviates the requirement of network control on delay and complexity, hence simplifying 5G control plane design, reducing signalling overhead, and enhancing network scalability. Case studies show that our decoupled network control is effective for timely interference mitigation and reliable topology management. The stability and scalability of our approach are also demonstrated.
Liu, C, Lei, G, Ma, B, Guo, Y & Zhu, J 2018, 'Robust Design of a Low-Cost Permanent Magnet Motor with Soft Magnetic Composite Cores Considering the Manufacturing Process and Tolerances', Energies, vol. 11, no. 8, pp. 2025-2025.
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This paper uses the Taguchi method to optimize the manufacturing process and robust design of a low-cost permanent magnet motor with soft magnetic composite (SMC) cores. For the manufacturing process, SMC cores are produced by using the molding technology without any wire cutting costs. To maximize the relative permeability and minimize the core loss, the Taguchi method is employed to identify the best control factor values for the heat treatment of SMC cores based on a series of experimental results. Due to the manufacturing tolerances, there are significant uncertainties in the core densities and motor dimensions, which will result in big performance variations for the SMC motors in the batch production. To obtain a robust design less sensitive to these tolerances, the conventional Taguchi parameter design method and a sequential Taguchi optimization method are presented to maximize the average torque and minimize the core loss of a low-cost PM motor. Through comparison, it is found that the proposed optimization method is efficient. It can provide an optimal design with better motor performance and manufacturing quality. The proposed method will benefit the industrial production of cost-effective PM-SMC motors with robust and compact designs.
Liu, C, Li, X, Lei, G, Ma, B, Chen, L, Wang, Y & Zhu, J 2018, 'Performance Evaluation of an Axial Flux Claw Pole Machine With Soft Magnetic Composite Cores', IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, vol. 28, no. 3, pp. 1-5.
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© 2017 IEEE. By using the powder metallurgy technology and the magnetic isotropy characteristic of the soft magnet composite (SMC) material, various kinds of permanent magnet machines can be designed and fabricated easily. However, the torque density of permanent magnet machines with SMC cores are generally lower than those with silicon steels, with the traditional machine topology, since the permeability of the SMC is much lower than that of silicon steels. To develop the potential of SMC in high-performance drive applications, we propose a novel axial flux claw pole machine (AFCPM) with SMC cores. To eliminate the unwanted axial force in the AFCPM, the two-phase configuration concept is adopted, both the configuration of the stator-rotor-stator and the rotor-stator-rotor AFCPM are designed, analyzed, and compared. Based on the 3-D finite-element method, it can be found that the AFCPM with the configuration of the stator-rotor-stator can have very low cogging torque and torque ripple; moreover, since the rotor is in between of the two stator cores, the unbalanced axial force has been decreased greatly. On the other hand, the two-phases AFCPM with the rotor-stator-rotor can have the highest torque density and efficiency.
Liu, C, Lu, J, Wang, Y, Lei, G, Zhu, J & Guo, Y 2018, 'Design Issues for Claw Pole Machines with Soft Magnetic Composite Cores', Energies, vol. 11, no. 8, pp. 1998-1998.
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By using global ring winding, the torque coefficient of the transverse flux machine (TFM) is proportional to its number of pole pairs, and thus the TFM possesses high torque density ability when compared with other electrical machines. As a special kind of TFM, the claw pole machine (CPM) can have more torque due to its special claw pole teeth. The manufacturing of CPM or TFM with silicon steels was very difficult in the past, and is a handicap for the progress of this kind of machine. Thanks to the advent of soft magnetic composite (SMC) materials, the manufacturing process of CPM has become more and more simple. More attention has been paid to this kind of technology, and some mass production CPMs with SMC cores have appeared. However, there are few works that discuss the key design issues for this kind of machine. In this paper, a small CPM with SMC is used as as a research benchmark. Various design methods that can be adopted to improve its performance have been studied, including unequal stator claw pole teeth, a skewing magnet design, consequent pole design, and etc. The 3D finite element method (FEM) is used for the machine analysis, and it is verified by the experimental results of a CPM with SMC cores.
Liu, C, Wang, S, Wang, Y, Lei, G, Guo, Y & Zhu, J 2018, 'Development of a new flux switching transverse flux machine with the ability of linear motion', CES Transactions on Electrical Machines and Systems, vol. 2, no. 4, pp. 384-391.
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Liu, H, Sun, X, Liang, Q & Bo, Y 2018, 'Energy and magnetostriction analysis and nonlinear model of magnetostrictive actuator for precision drive', International Journal of Industrial and Systems Engineering, vol. 29, no. 3, pp. 352-352.
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This paper presents an analytical model for information system (IS)
maintenance productivity in adaptive and perfective phases. The modelling approach is from economic view point. The productivity model considers the economic value of the maintenance phase, pre-committed fixed cost and variable cost consumed in adaptive/perfective maintenance. Influence factors to the productivity are analysed using simulation. The simulation provides a tool for IS project managers to tune the project parameters to obtain the optimal productivity in adaptive/perfective maintenance phases.
Liu, J, Hossain, MJ, Lu, J, Rafi, FHM & Li, H 2018, 'A hybrid AC/DC microgrid control system based on a virtual synchronous generator for smooth transient performances', Electric Power Systems Research, vol. 162, pp. 169-182.
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This paper presents a high-performance control strategy to support an optimised transient performance for a hybrid AC/DC microgrid system based on an improved virtual synchronous generator (VSG). The standard VSG is modified and an improved control strategy is developed. A pre-synchronization controller is embedded within the improved VSG controller for grid-connection use. In addition, this paper builds the small-signal model for the improved VSG controller in order to analyse the system's stability. A controller for the battery energy storage system is developed in order to assist the power output of the hybrid microgrid. The microgrid system is designed in a MATLAB/SIMULINK simulation environment based on the under-construction hybrid AC/DC microgrid system at Griffith University, Australia. A comparative study of droop control, conventional VSG control, and the improved VSG control is carried out under different possible transient cases. The pre-synchronization method is also tested. The simulation results show that the improved VSG control strategy is evidently able to ensure smooth variations in frequency, voltage and active power during transient cases.
Liu, T, Zhang, W, McLean, P, Ueland, M, Forbes, SL & Su, SW 2018, 'Electronic Nose-Based Odor Classification using Genetic Algorithms and Fuzzy Support Vector Machines', International Journal of Fuzzy Systems, vol. 20, no. 4, pp. 1309-1320.
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© 2018, Taiwan Fuzzy Systems Association and Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature. Electronic nose devices consisting of a matrix of sensors to sense the smell of various target gases have received considerable attention during the past two decades. This paper presents an efficient classification algorithm for a self-designed electronic nose, which integrates both genetic algorithms (GAs) and fuzzy support vector machines (FSVMs) to detect the target odor. GAs are applied to select the informative features and the optimal model parameters of FSVMs. FSVMs are adopted as fitness evaluation criterion and the sequent odor classifier, which can reduce the outlier effects and provide a robust and accurate classification. This proposed algorithm has been compared with some commonly used learning algorithms, such as support vector machine, the k-nearest neighbors and other combination algorithms. This study is based on experimental data collected from the response of the UTS NOS.E, which is the electronic nose system developed by the University of Technology Sydney NOS.E team. In comparison with other approaches, the experiment results show that the proposed odor classification algorithm can significantly improve the classification accuracy by selecting high-quality features and reach to 92.05% classification accuracy.
Liu, X, He, Y, Zeng, G, Zhang, J & Zheng, X 2018, 'State‐of‐Power Estimation of Li‐Ion Batteries Considering the Battery Surface Temperature', Energy Technology, vol. 6, no. 7, pp. 1352-1360.
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AbstractThe state‐of‐power (SOP) of a Li‐ion battery (LIB) is an important evaluation index for safety control and energy recovery in electric vehicles. Major state estimation methods are only applicable to fixed room temperature at 20 °C, although the battery capacity and resistance vary dramatically with a change in battery surface temperature in the working process of the battery. This causes significant errors in state estimation if only room temperature is assumed. The inaccurate state may cause further excessive current at high or low temperatures to affect safety and life cycle of the battery. Therefore, a novel state estimation method applicable to various battery surface temperatures is developed here. This method uses capacity–temperature and resistance–temperature relationships from experimental data to more accurately predict battery capacity and resistance over the full temperature range. It then applies the extended Kalman filter (EKF) technique to estimate the state‐of‐charge, and a method of constrained multi‐parameter algorithm (CMPA) to estimate the SOP of LIBs. Simulation and experimental results show that the proposed method can obtain accurate SOP results at different temperatures.
Liu, X, Wan, Z, He, Y, Zheng, X, Zeng, G & Zhang, J 2018, 'A Unified Control Strategy for Inductor-Based Active Battery Equalisation Schemes', Energies, vol. 11, no. 2, pp. 405-405.
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© 2018 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. Series battery equalisation can improve battery charge and discharge reliability and extend battery life. Inductor-based battery equalisation schemes have the advantages of simple topologies and control strategies. According to the energy transfer pathway, inductor-based battery equalisation schemes can be divided into cell-to-cell and cell-to-pack equalisation schemes. The control strategies of the cell-to-cell schemes are simple; the inductor can only transfer energy between the neighbouring cells, so the equalisation speed is low. The cell-to-pack schemes are able to accomplish energy transfer between the cells and pack by charging and discharging the inductors. The equalisation speed is high, but the control strategies may be complex. In this paper, different equalisation topologies are reviewed, then a unified control strategy which is applicable to all of the inductor-based equalisation topologies is proposed. The equalisation speeds and efficiencies of these different schemes, including the newly-proposed unified control strategy, are analysed and compared. Based on the theoretical analysis, simulations, and experimental verifications, it is concluded that this unified control strategy can perform the battery equalisation process quickly and efficiently.
Liu, Y, Bai, J, Xu, KD, Xu, Z, Han, F, Liu, QH & Jay Guo, Y 2018, 'Linearly Polarized Shaped Power Pattern Synthesis With Sidelobe and Cross-Polarization Control by Using Semidefinite Relaxation', IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, vol. 66, no. 6, pp. 3207-3212.
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© 1963-2012 IEEE. In this communication, the problem of synthesizing a linearly polarized shaped power pattern with accurate control on both sidelobe and cross-polarization (XP) levels is considered. For a user-defined desired polarization direction, the definitions of realizable co-polarization (COP) and XP directions for an arbitrary propagation direction in the shaped pattern are presented. With the help of such definitions, the considered problem is formulated as finding appropriate excitations so as to produce a shaped power pattern in which the realizable COP component meets prescribed lower and upper bounds, the realizable XP component and the total power pattern are less than their upper bounds in the regions of interest. The semidefinite relaxation method in the literature is then extended to solve this vectorial pattern synthesis problem. The proposed method can include the mutual coupling and platform effects by using vectorial active element patterns of an antenna array. A set of synthesis examples with different array geometries and radiation requirements are conducted to validate the effectiveness and advantages of the proposed method.
Liu, Y, Cheng, J, Xu, KD, Yang, S, Liu, QH & Guo, YJ 2018, 'Reducing the Number of Elements in the Synthesis of a Broadband Linear Array With Multiple Simultaneous Frequency-Invariant Beam Patterns', IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, vol. 66, no. 11, pp. 5838-5848.
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© 2018 IEEE. The problem of reducing the number of elements in a broadband linear array with multiple simultaneous crossover frequency-invariant (FI) patterns is considered. Different from the single FI pattern array case, every element channel in the multiple FI pattern array is divided and followed by multiple finite-impulse-response (FIR) filters, and each of the multiple FIR filters has a set of coefficients. In this situation, a collective filter coefficient vector and its energy bound are introduced for each element, and then the problem of reducing the number of elements is transformed as minimizing the number of active collective filter coefficient vectors. In addition, the radiation characteristics including beam pointing direction, mainlobe FI property, sidelobe level, and space-frequency notching requirement for each of the multiple patterns can be formulated as multiple convex constraints. The whole synthesis method is implemented by performing an iterative second-order cone programming (SOCP). This method can be considered as a significant extension of the original SOCP for synthesizing broadband sparse array with single FI pattern. Numerical synthesis results show that the proposed method by synthesizing multiple discretized crossover FI patterns can save more elements than the original iterative SOCP by using a single continuously scannable FI pattern for covering the same space range. Moreover, even for multiple FI-patterns case with complicated space-frequency notching, the proposed method is still effective in the reduction of the number of elements.
Liu, Z, Zhu, J & Zhu, L 2018, 'Accurate Calculation of Eddy Current Loss in Litz-Wired High-Frequency Transformer Windings', IEEE Transactions on Magnetics, vol. 54, no. 11, pp. 1-5.
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© 1965-2012 IEEE. As the power capacity of high-frequency transformer increases, the requirement on transformer efficiency gets higher and higher. Due to the rapid increase of switching frequency, the eddy current loss of high-frequency transformer windings becomes more and more significant. The use of litz-wire can reduce the high-frequency loss to some extent. The two most well-known methods for calculating the high-frequency power loss in round wire windings are the Dowell and Ferreira methods. These two models, however, are inaccurate under some conditions, because of the assumptions made in the establishment of the models. This paper presents an accurate model to calculate the power loss in litz-wired windings, through analysis of the skin and proximity effects from a single conductor to the whole twisted litz-wire. To extend the model into a 3-D calculation model, the twist effect is considered. The new model has a good accuracy within a wide bandwidth of frequency, and can be used for the electromagnetic design of high-frequency devices.
Lu, L, Wang, T, Ni, W, Li, K & Gao, B 2018, 'Fog Computing-Assisted Energy-Efficient Resource Allocation for High-Mobility MIMO-OFDMA Networks', Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing, vol. 2018, pp. 1-8.
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This paper presents a suboptimal approach for resource allocation of massive MIMO-OFDMA systems for high-speed train (HST) applications. An optimization problem is formulated to alleviate the severe Doppler effect and maximize the energy efficiency (EE) of the system. We propose to decouple the problem between the allocations of antennas, subcarriers, and transmit powers and solve the problem by carrying out the allocations separately and iteratively in an alternating manner. Fast convergence can be achieved for the proposed approach within only several iterations. Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm is superior to existing techniques in terms of system EE and throughput in different system configurations of HST applications.
Lyu, X, Ni, W, Tian, H, Liu, RP, Wang, X, Giannakis, GB & Paulraj, A 2018, 'Distributed Online Optimization of Fog Computing for Selfish Devices With Out-of-Date Information', IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications, vol. 17, no. 11, pp. 7704-7717.
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© 2002-2012 IEEE. By performing fog computing, a device can offload delay-tolerant computationally demanding tasks to its peers for processing, and the results can be returned and aggregated. In distributed wireless networks, the challenges of fog computing include lack of central coordination, selfish behaviors of devices, and multi-hop signaling delays, which can result in outdated network knowledge and prevent effective cooperations beyond one hop. This paper presents a new approach to enable cooperations of N selfish devices over multiple hops, where selfish behaviors are discouraged by a tit-for-tat mechanism. The tit-for-tat incentive of a device is designed to be the gap between the helps (in terms of energy) the device has received and offered; and indicates how much help the device can offer at the next time slot. The tit-for-tat incentives can be evaluated at every device by having all devices broadcast how much help they offered in the past time slot, and used by all devices to schedule task offloading and processing. The approach achieves asymptotic optimality in a fully distributed fashion with a time-complexity of less than O(N2). The optimality loss resulting from multi-hop signaling delays and consequently outdated tit-for-tat incentives is proved to asymptotically diminish. Simulation results show that our approach substantially reduces the time-average energy consumption of the state of the art by 50% and accommodates more tasks, by engaging devices hops away under multi-hop delays.
Lyu, X, Ren, C, Ni, W, Tian, H & Liu, RP 2018, 'Distributed Optimization of Collaborative Regions in Large-Scale Inhomogeneous Fog Computing', IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications, vol. 36, no. 3, pp. 574-586.
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© 1983-2012 IEEE. Fog computing enables resource-limited network devices to help each other with computationally demanding tasks, but has yet to be implemented in large scales due to sophisticated control and network inhomogeneity. This paper presents a new fully distributed online optimization to asymptotically minimize the time-average cost of fog computing, where tasks are selected to be offloaded and processed independently between different links and devices by measuring their cost effectiveness at each time slot. A key contribution is that we optimize the cost-effectiveness measures which achieve the asymptotic optimality over infinite time. Another contribution is that we optimize placeholders at the devices; which create collaborative computing regions of tasks in the vicinity of the point of capture, prevent tasks being offloaded beyond, preserve the asymptotic optimality and reduce delay. This is achieved in a distributed fashion by discovering the optimal substructure of the placeholders. Simulations show that the average size of collaborative regions is only 3.2 out of total 500 servers, and the system income increases by 43% as compared with existing techniques.
Lyu, X, Ren, C, Ni, W, Tian, H, Liu, RP & Guo, YJ 2018, 'Multi-Timescale Decentralized Online Orchestration of Software-Defined Networks', IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications, vol. 36, no. 12, pp. 2716-2730.
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© 1983-2012 IEEE. Decentralized orchestration of the control plane is critical to the scalability and reliability of software-defined network (SDN). However, existing orchestrations of SDN are either one-off or centralized, and would be inefficient the presence of temporal and spatial variations in traffic requests. In this paper, a fully distributed orchestration is proposed to minimize the time-average cost of SDN, adapting to the variations. This is achieved by stochastically optimizing the on-demand activation of controllers, adaptive association of controllers and switches, and real-time request processing and dispatching. The proposed approach is able to operate at multiple timescales for activation and association of controllers, and request processing and dispatching, thereby alleviating potential service interruptions caused by orchestration. A new analytic framework is developed to confirm the asymptotic optimality of the proposed approach in the presence of non-negligible signaling delays between controllers. Corroborated from extensive simulations, the proposed approach can save up to 73% the time-average operational cost of SDN, as compared to the existing static orchestration.
Lyu, X, Tian, H, Ni, W, Zhang, Y, Zhang, P & Liu, RP 2018, 'Energy-Efficient Admission of Delay-Sensitive Tasks for Mobile Edge Computing', IEEE Transactions on Communications, vol. 66, no. 6, pp. 2603-2616.
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© 1972-2012 IEEE. Task admission is critical to delay-sensitive applications in mobile edge computing, but is technically challenging due to its combinatorial mixed nature and consequently limited scalability. We propose an asymptotically optimal task admission approach which is able to guarantee task delays and achieve (1 - ∈)-approximation of the computationally prohibitive maximum energy saving at a time-complexity linearly scaling with devices. ∈ is linear to the quantization interval of energy. The key idea is to transform the mixed integer programming of task admission to an integer programming (IP) problem with the optimal substructure by pre-admitting resource-restrained devices. Another important aspect is a new quantized dynamic programming algorithm which we develop to exploit the optimal substructure and solve the IP. The quantization interval of energy is optimized to achieve an [O(∈),O(1/∈)]-tradeoff between the optimality loss and time complexity of the algorithm. Simulations show that our approach is able to dramatically enhance the scalability of task admission at a marginal cost of extra energy, as compared with the optimal branch and bound method, and can be efficiently implemented for online programming.
Ma, B, Lei, G, Liu, C, Zhu, J & Guo, Y 2018, 'Robust Tolerance Design Optimization of a PM Claw Pole Motor With Soft Magnetic Composite Cores', IEEE Transactions on Magnetics, vol. 54, no. 3, pp. 1-4.
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© 1965-2012 IEEE. In the past decades, various methods have been investigated for assessing performance variation and robust optimization for electromagnetic device design under uncertainties and/or tolerances. However, in actual production, the manufacturing tolerances are variable to a certain extent, which can be optimized for integrating the performance, manufacturing cost, and production quality. This paper proposes a tolerance design optimization approach by optimizing the design parameters and tolerances simultaneously based on design for six sigma technique. A permanent magnet claw pole motor with soft magnetic composite cores is optimized by using the proposed approach. For this high-dimensional optimization problem involving electromagnetic and thermal performance, Kriging model and 3-D thermal network model are employed under the multilevel framework for increasing the optimization efficiency. Finally, through the analysis, the proposed robust tolerance optimization method shows good performance with improved motor performance as well as the diversity controlling without cost increasing.
Ma, B, Lei, G, Zhu, J & Guo, Y 2018, 'Design Optimization of a Permanent Magnet Claw Pole Motor With Soft Magnetic Composite Cores', IEEE Transactions on Magnetics, vol. 54, no. 3, pp. 1-4.
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© 2017 IEEE. In our previous study, the claw pole motor (CPM) shows promising magnetic concentrating performance for permanent magnet motors with soft magnetic composite cores. Meanwhile, its relatively complex structure also increases the core loss and cogging torque. To conduct the high dimensional optimization of the CPM with comprehensive analysis models, this paper presents an improved multilevel strategy of high efficiency. Since the holistic performances, including output torque, efficiency, cogging torque, and back electromotive force, are considered, an orthogonal design is utilized for the surrogate model building for increasing the optimization efficiency. A full factor sample method for the surrogate model is also conducted for comparison. The similar optimization results with the two kinds of models prove the effectiveness of the proposed method and optimal design.
Ma, B, Lei, G, Zhu, J, Guo, Y & Liu, C 2018, 'Application-Oriented Robust Design Optimization Method for Batch Production of Permanent-Magnet Motors', IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, vol. 65, no. 2, pp. 1728-1739.
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© 2017 IEEE. From the perspective of industrial production, the design and optimization of electrical machines are application oriented, including maximizing production quality and minimizing production cost in terms of different manufacturing conditions. To achieve these goals, this study presents an efficient application-oriented robust design optimization method for permanent-magnet (PM) motors. The method consists of two main contributions. The first one is the development of an overall optimization strategy, including qualitative and quantitative analyses to provide possible options for an application. Multiphysics analysis, uncertainty analysis, production cost, and optimization models need to be investigated. The second one proposes a multilevel optimization method for the high-dimensional robust design problem of each option. To illustrate the advantages of the proposed method, PM motorswith soft magnetic composite cores are investigated for domestic applications. The design optimization is conducted in terms of three motor options and three batch production volumes for both conventional deterministic and robust approaches, and it consists of 18 high-dimensional multiphysics optimization problems in total. Main optimization results are presented and discussed. Experimental and simulation results are presented to validate the effectiveness of the proposed models and methods.
Ma, B, Zheng, J, Lei, G, Zhu, J, Guo, Y & Wu, J 2018, 'A Robust Design Optimization Method for Electromagnetic Devices With Interval Uncertainties', IEEE Transactions on Magnetics, vol. 54, no. 11, pp. 1-4.
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© 1965-2012 IEEE. High reliability is usually demanded for the design of electromagnetic devices. Interval uncertainties widely exist in the robust optimization problems, and the bounds of the design parameters can be only obtained instead of their specific distributions. To solve this kind of problem efficiently, this paper presents a robust optimization approach based on the Chebyshev interval method to estimate the extreme values of the constraints and objectives. To demonstrate the effectiveness of the method, the Testing Electromagnetic Analysis Methods workshop problem 22 and a brushless dc wheel motor optimization benchmark problem are investigated with interval uncertainties of the relevant parameters. Deterministic and robust optimizations considering the worst case with uniform sampling are also conducted for comparison. The optimization results illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Ma, X, Liang, J, Liu, R, Ni, W, Li, Y, Li, R, Ma, W & Qi, C 2018, 'A Survey on Data Storage and Information Discovery in the WSANs-Based Edge Computing Systems', Sensors, vol. 18, no. 2, pp. 546-546.
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In the post-Cloud era, the proliferation of Internet of Things (IoT) has pushed the horizon of Edge computing, which is a new computing paradigm with data are processed at the edge of the network. As the important systems of Edge computing, wireless sensor and actuator networks (WSANs) play an important role in collecting and processing the sensing data from the surrounding environment as well as taking actions on the events happening in the environment. In WSANs, in-network data storage and information discovery schemes with high energy efficiency, high load balance and low latency are needed because of the limited resources of the sensor nodes and the real-time requirement of some specific applications, such as putting out a big fire in a forest. In this article, the existing schemes of WSANs on data storage and information discovery are surveyed with detailed analysis on their advancements and shortcomings, and possible solutions are proposed on how to achieve high efficiency, good load balance, and perfect real-time performances at the same time, hoping that it can provide a good reference for the future research of the WSANs-based Edge computing systems.
Ma, X-L, Shang, F, Ni, W, Zhu, J, Luo, B & Zhang, Y-Q 2018, 'MicroRNA-338-5p plays a tumor suppressor role in glioma through inhibition of the MAPK-signaling pathway by binding to FOXD1', Journal of Cancer Research and Clinical Oncology, vol. 144, no. 12, pp. 2351-2366.
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Mahmud, K, Amin, U, Hossain, MJ & Ravishankar, J 2018, 'Computational tools for design, analysis, and management of residential energy systems', Applied Energy, vol. 221, pp. 535-556.
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Mahmud, K, Hossain, MJ & Town, GE 2018, 'Peak-Load Reduction by Coordinated Response of Photovoltaics, Battery Storage, and Electric Vehicles', IEEE Access, vol. 6, pp. 29353-29365.
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Peak-load management is an important process that allows energy providers to reshape load profiles, increase energy efficiency, and reduce overall operational costs and carbon emissions. This paper presents an improved decision-tree-based algorithm to reduce the peak load in residential distribution networks by coordinated control of electric vehicles (EVs), photovoltaic (PV) units, and battery energy-storage systems (BESSs). The peak-load reduction is achieved by reading the domestic load in real time through a smart meter and taking appropriate coordinated action by a controller using the proposed algorithm. The proposed control algorithm was tested on a real distribution network using real load patterns and load dynamics, and validated in a laboratory experiment. Two types of EVs with fast and flexible charging capability, a PV unit, and BESSs were used to test the performance of the proposed control algorithm, which is compared with that of an artificial-neural-network technique. The results show that using the proposed method, the peak demand on the distribution grid can be reduced significantly, thereby greatly improving the load factor.
Mahmud, K, Town, GE, Morsalin, S & Hossain, MJ 2018, 'Integration of electric vehicles and management in the internet of energy', Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, vol. 82, pp. 4179-4203.
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Mai, HT, Tran, TS, Ho-Le, TP, Pham, TT, Center, JR, Eisman, JA & Nguyen, TV 2018, 'Low-trauma rib fracture in the elderly: Risk factors and mortality consequence', Bone, vol. 116, pp. 295-300.
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© 2018 Elsevier Inc. Purpose: Low trauma rib fracture (hereinafter, rib fracture) is common in the elderly, but its risk factors and mortality consequence are rarely studied. We sought to define the epidemiology of rib fracture and the association between rib fracture and postfracture mortality. Methods: The study was part of the Dubbo Osteoporosis Epidemiology Study, which was designed as a population-based prospective study, and consisted of 2041 women and men (aged ≥ 60). The incidence of rib fracture was ascertained from X-ray reports. Bone mineral density (BMD) was measured by DXA (GE-Lunar). The time-dependent Cox model was used to access the relationship between rib fracture and mortality. Results: During the median follow-up of 13 years, 59 men and 78 women had sustained a rib fracture, making the annual incidence of 4.8/1000 person-years. Each SD (0.15 g/cm 2 ) lower in femoral neck BMD was associated with ~2-fold increase in the hazard of fracture (hazard ratio [HR] 1.9; 95% CI, 1.4 to 2.6 in men; and HR 2.1; 95% CI, 1.6 to 2.8 in women). Among those with a rib fracture, the incidence of subsequent fractures was 10.2/100 person-years. Compared with those without a fracture, the risk of mortality among those with a fracture was increased by ~7.8-fold (95% CI, 2.7 to 22.5) in men and 4.9-fold (95% CI 2.0 to 11.8) in women within the first year postfracture. Conclusions: A rib fracture signifies an increased risk of subsequent fractures and mortality. The increased risk of mortality during the first 2.5 years postfracture suggests a window of opportunity for treatment.
Mao, X, Wang, Y, Liu, X & Guo, Y 2018, 'A Hybrid Feedforward-Feedback Hysteresis Compensator in Piezoelectric Actuators Based on Least-Squares Support Vector Machine', IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, vol. 65, no. 7, pp. 5704-5711.
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© 1982-2012 IEEE. Hysteresis nonlinearity of piezoelectric actuators degrades the positioning accuracy of micro/nanopositioning systems. To overcome this problem, an innovative hysteresis compensator based on least-squares support vector machine (LSSVM) is proposed in this paper. First, the LSSVM hysteresis modeling is presented using nonlinear auto regressive eXogenous (NARX) structure. To compensate for the hysteresis behavior, two feedforward control schemes according to different inputs of NARX model are proposed and analyzed separately. Then, a hybrid feedforward controller combining both the control schemes is put forward to revise the model input. To further improve the tracking performance, the hybrid feedforward control combined with the feedback control is realized. The comparative study reveals the superior tracking performance of feedforward-feedback control scheme over hybrid feedforward control or feedback control. Moreover, the hybrid feedforward-feedback control scheme is capable of tracking different testing waveforms with negligible errors, which confirms the effectiveness and generalization ability of the proposed approach.
Mehmood, A, Haq, N-U, Zameer, A, Ling, SH & Raja, MAZ 2018, 'Design of neuro-computing paradigms for nonlinear nanofluidic systems of MHD Jeffery–Hamel flow', Journal of the Taiwan Institute of Chemical Engineers, vol. 91, pp. 57-85.
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Metia, S, Ha, QP, Duc, HN & Azzi, M 2018, 'Estimation of Power Plant Emissions With Unscented Kalman Filter', IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing, vol. 11, no. 8, pp. 2763-2772.
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© 2008-2012 IEEE. Emissions from power plants constitute a major part of air pollution and should be adequately estimated. In this paper, we consider the problem of estimating nitrogen dioxide (NO-X ) emission of power plants by developing an inverse method to integrate satellite observations of atmospheric pollutant column concentrations with species concentrations and direct sensitivities predicted by a regional air quality model, in order to discern biases in the emissions of the pollutant precursors. Using this method, the emission fields are analyzed using a 'bottom-up' approach, with an inversion performed by an unscented Kalman filter (UKF) to improve estimation profiles from emissions inventories data for the Sydney metropolitan area. The idea is to integrate information from the original inventories with tropospheric nitrogen dioxide (NO-2) emissions estimated during one month from the air pollution model-chemical transport model, and then, for validation, to compare the resulting model with satellite retrievals from the ozone monitoring instrument (OMI) above the region. The UKF-based estimation of NO-2 emissions shows better agreement with OMI observations, implying a significant improvement in accuracy as compared with the original inventories. Therefore, the proposed method is a promising tool for estimation of air emissions in urban areas.
Moghimi, M, Liu, J, Jamborsalamati, P, Rafi, F, Rahman, S, Hossain, J, Stegen, S & Lu, J 2018, 'Internet of Things Platform for Energy Management in Multi-Microgrid System to Improve Neutral Current Compensation', Energies, vol. 11, no. 11, pp. 3102-3102.
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In this paper, an Internet of Things (IoT) platform is proposed for Multi-Microgrid (MMG) system to improve unbalance compensation functionality employing three-phase four-leg (3P-4L) voltage source inverters (VSIs). The two level communication system connects the MMG system, implemented in Power System Computer Aided Design (PSCAD), to the cloud server. The local communication level utilizes Modbus Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) and Message Queuing Telemetry Transport (MQTT) is used as the protocol for global communication level. A communication operation algorithm is developed to manage the communication operation under various communication failure scenarios. To test the communication system, it is implemented on an experimental testbed to investigate its functionality for MMG neutral current compensation (NCC). To compensate the neutral current in MMG, a dynamic NCC algorithm is proposed, which enables the MGs to further improve the NCC by sharing their data using the IoT platform. The performance of the control and communication system using dynamic NCC is compared with the fixed capacity NCC for unbalance compensation under different communication failure conditions. The impact of the communication system performance on the NCC sharing is the focus of this research. The results show that the proposed system provides better neutral current compensation and phase balancing in case of MMG operation by sharing the data effectively even if the communication system is failing partially.
Morstyn, T, Savkin, AV, Hredzak, B & Tuan, HD 2018, 'Scalable Energy Management for Low Voltage Microgrids Using Multi-Agent Storage System Aggregation', IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, vol. 33, no. 2, pp. 1614-1623.
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© 1969-2012 IEEE. This paper proposes multi-agent energy storage system aggregation as a means of scaling energy management to low voltage microgrids with distributed energy storage systems. Based on this concept, a hierarchical control strategy is developed for an AC microgrid with distributed battery and ultracapacitor energy storage systems. On the tertiary control level, the energy management problem is made scalable by considering each type of energy storage system in aggregate. This addresses the 'curse of dimensionality,' since additional energy storage systems do not increase the optimization problem dimension, and allows nonlinear energy storage models to be used for optimization, accounting for variable efficiency, self-discharge, and lifetime degradation. On the secondary control level, multi-agent state of charge balancing, reactive power sharing, frequency restoration, and voltage restoration are combined, to aggregate energy storage systems for the tertiary control. This includes the novel use of multi-agent sliding mode control for state of charge balancing between AC microgrid energy storage systems. Unlike a linear state of charge balancing strategy, circulating currents are prevented, increasing efficiency and reducing lifetime degradation. An RTDS Technologies real-time digital simulator was used to verify the performance of the proposed control strategy.
Movassaghi, S, Smith, DB, Abolhasan, M & Jamalipour, A 2018, 'Opportunistic Spectrum Allocation for Interference Mitigation Amongst Coexisting Wireless Body Area Networks', ACM Transactions on Sensor Networks, vol. 14, no. 2, pp. 1-22.
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Wireless Body Area Networks (WBANs) are seen as the enabling technology for developing new generations of medical applications, such as remote health monitoring. As such it is expected that WBANs will predominantly transport mission-critical and delay sensitive data. A key strategy towards building a reliable WBAN is to ensure such networks are highly immune to interference. To achieve this, new and intelligent wireless spectrum allocation strategies are required not only to avoid interference, but also to make best-use of the limited available spectrum. This article presents a new spectrum allocation scheme referred to as Smart Channel Assignment (SCA), which maximizes the resource usage and transmission speed by deploying a partially-orthogonal channel assignment scheme between coexisting WBANs as well as offering a convenient tradeoff among spectral reuse efficiency, transmission rate, and outage. Detailed analytical studies verify that the proposed SCA strategy is robust to variations in channel conditions, increase in sensor node-density within each WBAN, and an increase in number of coexisting WBANs.
Nan, Y, Huang, X & Guo, YJ 2018, 'Generalized Continuous Wave Synthetic Aperture Radar for High Resolution and Wide Swath Remote Sensing', IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, vol. 56, no. 12, pp. 7217-7229.
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© 2018 IEEE. A generalized continuous wave synthetic aperture radar (GCW-SAR) concept is proposed in this paper. By using full-duplex radio frontend and continuous wave signaling, the GCW-SAR system can overcome a number of limitations inherent within the existing SAR systems and achieve high-resolution and wide-swath remote sensing with low-power signal transmission. Unlike the conventional pulsed SAR and the frequency-modulated continuous-wave SAR, the GCW-SAR reconstructs a radar image by directly correlating the received 1-D raw data after self-interference cancellation with predetermined location-dependent reference signals. A fast imaging algorithm, called the piecewise constant Doppler (PCD) algorithm, is also proposed, which produces the radar image recursively in the azimuth direction without any intermediate step, such as range compression and migration compensation, as required by conventional algorithms. By removing the stop-and-go assumption or slow-time sampling in azimuth, the PCD algorithm not only achieves better imaging quality but also allows for more flexible waveform and system designs. Analyses and simulations show that the GCW-SAR tolerates significant self-interference and works well with a large selection of various system parameters. The work presented in this paper establishes a solid theoretical foundation for next-generation imaging radars.
Nasir, AA, Tuan, HD & Duong, TQ 2018, 'Fractional Time Exploitation for Serving IoT Users with Guaranteed QoS by 5G Spectrum', IEEE Communications Magazine, vol. 56, no. 10, pp. 128-133.
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© 1979-2012 IEEE. It is generally understood that forthcoming 5G communication technologies such as full duplex (FD), massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO), non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA), and simultaneous wireless information and power transfer (SWIPT) aim at the maximal use of communication spectrum to provide a new experience of service for users. FD provides simultaneous signal transmission and reception over the same frequency band. Massive MIMO uses massive numbers of antennas to provide high throughput connectivity for users. NOMA improves network throughput by allowing some users to access information intended for other users. SWIPT provides simultaneous information and power transfer. However, it is still very challenging to utilize these spectrum exploitation technologies to secure the needed quality of service for users in the age of the Internet of Things. In FD, the signal transmission interference to signal reception, even after analog and digital self-interference cancellation, is considerable, which downgrades both transmission and reception throughput. To maintain the favored channel characteristics, massive MIMO means to serve a few users per time unit only. In NOMA, the users' throughput is improved by compromising communication privacy. Information and power transmissions head to conflicting targets that are difficult to achieve simultaneously with SWIPT. This article introduces a new technique, called the fractional-time approach, which ensures guaranteed and better transmission and reception throughput without the need for complex FD, enables serving a massive number of users in a massive MIMO system, provides guaranteed users' throughput without security compromise as in NOMA, and delivers high volumes of both information and power transfer within a time unit.
Nguyen, LD, Tuan, HD, Duong, TQ, Dobre, OA & Poor, HV 2018, 'Downlink Beamforming for Energy-Efficient Heterogeneous Networks With Massive MIMO and Small Cells', IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications, vol. 17, no. 5, pp. 3386-3400.
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© 2002-2012 IEEE. A heterogeneous network (HetNet) of a macrocell base station equipped with a large-scale massive multi-in multi-out (MIMO) antenna array overlaying a number of small cell base stations (small cells) can provide high quality of service (QoS) to multiple users under low transmit power budget. However, the circuit power for operating such a network, which is proportional to the number of transmit antennas, poses a problem in terms of its energy efficiency (EE). This paper addresses the beamforming design at the base stations to optimize the network EE under the QoS constraints and a transmit power budget. Beamforming tailored for weak, strong, and medium cross-tier interference HetNets is proposed. In contrast to the conventional transmit strategy for power efficiency in meeting the users' QoS requirements, which suggest the use of a few hundred antennas, it is found out that the overall network EE quickly drops if this number exceeds 50. It is found that, for a given number of antennas, HetNet is more energy efficient than massive MIMO when considering the overall energy consumption.
Nguyen, N-P, Ngo, HQ, Duong, TQ, Tuan, HD & Tourki, K 2018, 'Secure Massive MIMO With the Artificial Noise-Aided Downlink Training', IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications, vol. 36, no. 4, pp. 802-816.
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Ni, W, Zhang, JA, Fang, Z, Abolhasan, M, Liu, RP & Guo, YJ 2018, 'Analysis of Finite Buffer in Two-Way Relay: A Queueing Theoretic Point of View', IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology, vol. 67, no. 4, pp. 3690-3694.
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© 1967-2012 IEEE. The impact of a finite relay buffer on the throughput of two-way relay is analyzed from a new queueing theoretic point of view. Distinctively from recent Markov model based analyses, the proposed queueing theoretic analysis is able to infer closed-form asymptotic upper bounds for the throughput, shed valuable insights, and point out limitations in the recent analyses. Validated by simulations, our queueing theoretic analysis reveals that the throughput is increasingly insusceptible to the size of the relay buffer, as the buffer enlarges. Moreover, locking the relay in transmitting xored packets can hardly improve the throughput, especially under balanced channel conditions. This is due to the fact that the relay queues stabilize nonempty, and hence, xored packets are forwarded in most cases.
O'Connor, M, Zhang, G, Kleijn, WB & Abhayapala, TD 2018, 'Function Splitting and Quadratic Approximation of the Primal-Dual Method of Multipliers for Distributed Optimization Over Graphs', IEEE Transactions on Signal and Information Processing over Networks, vol. 4, no. 4, pp. 656-666.
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Pham, TT, Nguyen, DN, Dutkiewicz, E, Center, JR, Eisman, JA & Nguyen, TV 2018, 'A profiling analysis of contributions of cigarette smoking, dietary calcium intakes, and physical activity to fragility fracture in the elderly', Scientific Reports, vol. 8, no. 1.
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AbstractFragility fracture and bone mineral density (BMD) are influenced by common and modifiable lifestyle factors. In this study, we sought to define the contribution of lifestyle factors to fracture risk by using a profiling approach. The study involved 1683 women and 1010 men (50+ years old, followed up for up to 20 years). The incidence of new fractures was ascertained by X-ray reports. A “lifestyle risk score” (LRS) was derived as the weighted sum of effects of dietary calcium intake, physical activity index, and cigarette smoking. Each individual had a unique LRS, with higher scores being associated with a healthier lifestyle. Baseline values of lifestyle factors were assessed. In either men or women, individuals with a fracture had a significantly lower age-adjusted LRS than those without a fracture. In men, each unit lower in LRS was associated with a 66% increase in the risk of total fracture (non-adjusted hazard ratio [HR] 1.66; 95% CI, 1.26 to 2.20) and still significant after adjusting for age, weight or BMD. However, in women, the association was uncertain (HR 1.30; 95% CI, 1.11 to 1.53). These data suggest that unhealthy lifestyle habits are associated with an increased risk of fracture in men, but not in women, and that the association is mediated by BMD.
Pradeepkumar, A, Zielinski, M, Bosi, M, Verzellesi, G, Gaskill, DK & Iacopi, F 2018, 'Electrical leakage phenomenon in heteroepitaxial cubic silicon carbide on silicon', Journal of Applied Physics, vol. 123, no. 21, pp. 215103-215103.
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Heteroepitaxial 3C-SiC films on silicon substrates are of technological interest as enablers to integrate the excellent electrical, electronic, mechanical, thermal, and epitaxial properties of bulk silicon carbide into well-established silicon technologies. One critical bottleneck of this integration is the establishment of a stable and reliable electronic junction at the heteroepitaxial interface of the n-type SiC with the silicon substrate. We have thus investigated in detail the electrical and transport properties of heteroepitaxial cubic silicon carbide films grown via different methods on low-doped and high-resistivity silicon substrates by using van der Pauw Hall and transfer length measurements as test vehicles. We have found that Si and C intermixing upon or after growth, particularly by the diffusion of carbon into the silicon matrix, creates extensive interstitial carbon traps and hampers the formation of a stable rectifying or insulating junction at the SiC/Si interface. Although a reliable p-n junction may not be realistic in the SiC/Si system, we can achieve, from a point of view of the electrical isolation of in-plane SiC structures, leakage suppression through the substrate by using a high-resistivity silicon substrate coupled with deep recess etching in between the SiC structures.
Pratihast, M, Al‐Ani, A, Chai, R, Su, S & Naik, G 2018, 'Changes in lower limb muscle synchronisation during walking on high‐heeled shoes', Healthcare Technology Letters, vol. 5, no. 6, pp. 236-238.
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© 2018 Institution of Engineering and Technology.All right reserved. The goal of this research was to investigate the effect of wearing high-heeled shoes (HHS) on lower limb muscle synchronisation during walking, using beta band (15–30 Hz) coherence analysis. Fifteen females with no previous neuromuscular disorders volunteered in this study. Surface electromyography in frequency domain was studied from rectus femoris (RF), vastus lateralis (VL), vastus medialis (VM) and semitendinosus (ST) muscles during walking by subjects wearing HHS of three different heel heights (low – 4 cm, medium – 6 cm and high – 10 cm). Average coherence values were calculated for RF-VL, RF-VM and RF-ST muscles in beta band to analyse muscle pair synchronisation. In this study, significant increase in beta band coherence was found in all three muscle pairs during walking on HHS of different heel heights (p<0.05). Increased beta band coherence obtained from this study suggested that walking on HHS demands higher muscle pair synchronisation, to maintain stability around the knee joint.
Puthal, D, Obaidat, MS, Nanda, P, Prasad, M, Mohanty, SP & Zomaya, AY 2018, 'Secure and Sustainable Load Balancing of Edge Data Centers in Fog Computing', IEEE Communications Magazine, vol. 56, no. 5, pp. 60-65.
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© 1979-2012 IEEE. Fog computing is a recent research trend to bring cloud computing services to network edges. EDCs are deployed to decrease the latency and network congestion by processing data streams and user requests in near real time. EDC deployment is distributed in nature and positioned between cloud data centers and data sources. Load balancing is the process of redistributing the work load among EDCs to improve both resource utilization and job response time. Load balancing also avoids a situation where some EDCs are heavily loaded while others are in idle state or doing little data processing. In such scenarios, load balancing between the EDCs plays a vital role for user response and real-Time event detection. As the EDCs are deployed in an unattended environment, secure authentication of EDCs is an important issue to address before performing load balancing. This article proposes a novel load balancing technique to authenticate the EDCs and find less loaded EDCs for task allocation. The proposed load balancing technique is more efficient than other existing approaches in finding less loaded EDCs for task allocation. The proposed approach not only improves efficiency of load balancing; it also strengthens the security by authenticating the destination EDCs.
Qin, C, Ni, W, Tian, H, Liu, RP & Guo, YJ 2018, 'Joint Beamforming and User Selection in Multiuser Collaborative MIMO SWIPT Systems With Nonnegligible Circuit Energy Consumption', IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology, vol. 67, no. 5, pp. 3909-3923.
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© 1967-2012 IEEE. Multiantenna beamforming has potential to improve the efficiency of simultaneous wireless information and power transfer (SWIPT). Existing designs are focused on the downlink of multiple-input-single-output under the assumption of single-antenna users and negligible energy consumption in users' circuitry, despite the fact that using multiple antennas on the user side can further improve system efficiency. In this paper, novel multiuser collaborative multiple-input multiple-output SWIPT systems are studied under the assumption of nonnegligible circuit energy consumption. Particularly, we convexify and maximize the uplink sum rate of active users, while maintaining the quality of service of their downlink data. The beamformers and durations of both links, and the power splitting factors of individual users are jointly optimized, using semidefinite programming and golden search. Further, the selection of active users is optimized, where all users are assumed to be active in the beginning and those detrimental to the sum-rate maximization are continually deactivated. Evident from simulations, the proposed approaches can eliminate the need for computationally prohibitive combinatorial integer programming at a marginal cost of the sum rate.
Qin, L, Hu, M, Lu, DD-C, Feng, Z, Wang, Y & Kan, J 2018, 'Buck–Boost Dual-Leg-Integrated Step-Up Inverter With Low THD and Single Variable Control for Single-Phase High-Frequency AC Microgrids', IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, vol. 33, no. 7, pp. 6278-6291.
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© 1986-2012 IEEE. To support the development of high-frequency ac microgrids in terms of compact design, high-voltage gain and low total harmonic distortion (THD), a buck-boost dual-leg-integrated step-up inverter is proposed in this paper. The inverter is formed by integrating a buck-boost converter into a conventional single-phase full-bridge inverter by sharing the upper switch and the body diode of the lower switch in both bridge-legs. Consequently, the component count is significantly reduced over the step-up inverter counterparts. In addition, to address the drawbacks of hybrid modulation methods adopted by existing dual-leg-integrated inverters, such as double-variable control, and high THD of output voltage/current at high input voltage and heavy load conditions, unipolar frequency doubling sinusoidal pulse width modulation scheme is adopted in this inverter. As a result, the modulation ratio M becomes the only control variable to regulate the output voltage/current and the control is simplified. The THD of the proposed inverter output can remain low throughout the entire input voltage range and load power range. This paper presents the topology derivation procedure, operation principle, and steady-state characteristics of the proposed inverter. To validate the effectiveness of theory, experimental results of a 400 W hardware prototype, where the output voltage frequency is at 500 Hz, are reported.
Qin, P, Chen, S & Guo, YJ 2018, 'Recent Advances in Reconfigurable Antennas at University of Technology Sydney', Journal of Communications and Information Networks, vol. 3, no. 1, pp. 15-20.
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Qin, P-Y, Ji, L-Y, Chen, S-L & Guo, YJ 2018, 'Dual-Polarized Wideband Fabry–Perot Antenna With Quad-Layer Partially Reflective Surface', IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters, vol. 17, no. 4, pp. 551-554.
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© 2002-2011 IEEE. A new quad-layer partially reflective surface (PRS) is presented in this letter for dual-polarized Fabry-Perot (FP) cavity antennas with an improved gain bandwidth. Four layers of metallic square rings are printed on each side of two dielectric substrates separated by an air gap of about λ/27 (λ is the wavelength in the open air) at 5.5 GHz. The total profile of the FP cavity is about λ /2. By properly choosing the dimensions of square rings and the distance between the two substrates, the phase of the reflection coefficient of the PRS increases with the operating frequency, demonstrating a broadband property. In order to validate the performance of the proposed PRS, a dual-polarized FP antenna is designed, which has peak realized gains of 14.7 and 15.5 dBi with 1 dB bandwidths of more than 10% for two polarizations. Furthermore, the input reflection coefficients are lower than -15 dB in the 5.05-5.8 GHz band, and the isolation of the dual-polarized modes is more than 30 dB.
Rahman, MS, Hossain, MJ, Lu, J & Pota, HR 2018, 'A Need-Based Distributed Coordination Strategy for EV Storages in a Commercial Hybrid AC/DC Microgrid With an Improved Interlinking Converter Control Topology', IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion, vol. 33, no. 3, pp. 1372-1383.
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Rana, MM, Li, L & Su, SW 2018, 'Cyber attack protection and control of microgrids', IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica, vol. 5, no. 2, pp. 602-609.
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© 2014 Chinese Association of Automation. Recently, the smart grid has been considered as a next-generation power system to modernize the traditional grid to improve its security, connectivity, efficiency and sustainability. Unfortunately, the smart grid is susceptible to malicious cyber attacks, which can create serious technical, economical, social and control problems in power network operations. In contrast to the traditional cyber attack minimization techniques, this paper proposes a recursive systematic convolutional U+0028 RSC U+0029 code and Kalman filter U+0028 KF U+0029 based method in the context of smart grids. Specifically, the proposed RSC code is used to add redundancy in the microgrid states, and the log maximum a-posterior is used to recover the state information, which is affected by random noises and cyber attacks. Once the estimated states are obtained by KF algorithm, a semidefinite programming based optimal feedback controller is proposed to regulate the system states, so that the power system can operate properly. Test results show that the proposed approach can accurately mitigate the cyber attacks and properly estimate and control the system states.
Rana, MM, Li, L, Su, SW & Choi, BJ 2018, 'Modelling the Interconnected Synchronous Generators and its State Estimations', IEEE Access, vol. 6, pp. 36198-36207.
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© 2018 IEEE. In contrast to the traditional centralized power system state estimation approaches, this paper investigates the optimal filtering problem for distributed dynamic systems. Particularly, the interconnected synchronous generators are modeled as a state-space linear equation where sensors are deployed to obtain measurements. As the synchronous generator states are unknown, the estimation is required to know the operating conditions of large-scale power networks. Availability of the system states gives the designer an accurate picture of power networks to avoid blackouts. Basically, the proposed algorithm is based on the minimization of the mean squared estimation error, and the optimal gain is determined by exchanging information with their neighboring estimators. Afterward, the convergence of the developed algorithm is proved so that it can be applied to real-time applications in modern smart grids. Simulation results demonstrate the efficacy of the developed algorithm.
Rana, MM, Li, L, Su, SW & Xiang, W 2018, 'Consensus-Based Smart Grid State Estimation Algorithm', IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics, vol. 14, no. 8, pp. 3368-3375.
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© 2005-2012 IEEE. The distribution power subsystems are usually interconnected to each other, so the design of the interconnected optimal filtering algorithm for distributed state estimation is a challenging task. Driven by this motivation, this paper proposes a novel consensus filter based dynamic state estimation algorithm with its convergence analysis for modern power systems. The novelty of the scheme is that the algorithm is designed based on the mean squared error and semidefinite programming approaches. Specifically, the optimal local gain is computed after minimizing the mean squared error between the true and estimated states. The consensus gain is determined by a convex optimization process with a given suboptimal local gain. Furthermore, the convergence of the proposed scheme is analyzed after stacking all the estimation error dynamics. The Laplacian operator is used to represent the interconnected filter structure as a compact error dynamic for deriving the convergence condition of the algorithm. The developed approach is verified by using the renewable microgrid. It shows that the distributed scheme being explored is effective as it takes only 0.00004 seconds to properly estimate the system states and does not need to transmit the remote sensing signals to the central estimator.
Rao, T, Xu, M & Liu, H 2018, 'Generating affective maps for images', Multimedia Tools and Applications, vol. 77, no. 13, pp. 17247-17267.
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© 2017, Springer Science+Business Media, LLC. Affective image analysis, which estimates humans’ emotion reflection on images, has attracted increasing attention. Most of the existing methods focus on developing efficient visual features according to theoretical and empirical concepts, and extract these features from an image as a whole. However, analyzing emotion from an entire image, can only extract the dominant emotion conveyed by the whole image, which ignores the affective differences existing among different regions within the image. This may reduce the performance of emotion recognition, and limit the range of possible applications. In this paper, we are the first to propose the concept of affective map, by which image emotion can be represented at region-level. In an affective map, the value of each pixel represents the probability of the pixel belonging to a certain emotion category. Two popular application exemplars, i.e. affective image classification and visual saliency computing, are explored to prove the effectiveness of the proposed affective map. Analyzing detailed image emotion at a region-level, the accuracy of affective image classification has been improved 5.1% on average. The Area Under the Curve (AUC) of visual saliency detection has been improved 15% on average.
Reza, CMFS & Lu, DD 2018, 'Design and implementation of a packeted DC power system using a modified power packet structure', IET Power Electronics, vol. 11, no. 9, pp. 1603-1610.
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© The Institution of Engineering and Technology 2018. Recently, energy internet is introduced aiming to improve power system reliability, security and efficiency through advanced information and power electronic technologies. Power packet (PP) distribution system which integrates information transfer into electric power transfer is a potential candidate for energy internet implementation. It can reduce stand-by power, eliminate voltage conversion stage in the traditional power distribution system, and actively control the load demand intelligently from the source side. This paper improves three areas of the existing PP distribution system, namely (i) a systematic approach to selecting the energy buffer based on the payload, identification bits, the load resistance and bit rate; (ii) a new algorithm to transfer PPs using a modified PP structure to the targeted loads with reduced footer bit, hence it can reduce more than 50% of the switching loss and information overhead; (iii) a simplified algorithm for a mixer to generate PPs according to multiple load requests. Experimental results of the improved packeted DC power system are reported.
Rezazadeh, J, Subramanian, R, Sandrasegaran, K, Kong, X, Moradi, M & Khodamoradi, F 2018, 'Novel iBeacon Placement for Indoor Positioning in IoT', IEEE Sensors Journal, vol. 18, no. 24, pp. 10240-10247.
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Indoor positioning and location estimation inside the buildings is still challenging in the Internet of Things platform. However, the GPS signals could successfully solve the outdoor localization problem. A recently introduced RSS-based device, named iBeacon, paves the way to estimate the users location inside the buildings. Due to the complexity of indoor RF environments, the positioning accuracy is affected by the placement of the iBeacons. Inadvertently, the concept of iBeacon placement for improving the accuracy remains unattended by the current research. This paper provides a comprehensive analysis and experiments on the importance of iBeacon placement, and factors impacting the beacon signal quality. Moreover, we propose a novel beacon placement strategy, Crystal-shape iBeacon Placement. As another contribution, a customized application for android is developed which is used for recording and analyzing the iBeacon signals. Our proposed placement strategy could achieve 21.7% higher precision than the existing normal iBeacon placement.
Rohanim Asari, A, Guo, Y & Zhu, J 2018, 'Core Loss Measurement of Somaloy 700 Material Under Round Loci of Magnetic Flux Density', International Journal of Engineering & Technology, vol. 7, no. 3.25, pp. 109-109.
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The magnetic properties of SOMALOY 700 material are aggressively studied by some researchers in predicting the production of total core loss during the magnetization process of that particular material. Core loss is resulted due to the alternating and rotating magnetic fields in a core material. The magnetic properties of SOMALOY 700 material is studied in this paper since it offers the low core loss during the operation. 2-D measurement were conducted by controlling the fluxes to be circular with the help of LabVIEW while the core loss calculations were calculated by MathCAD. The performance of SOMALOY 700 material at different frequencies were compared. The finding indicates that the magnetization at 1000 Hz contributes higher core loss compared to the magnetization at 500 Hz and 50 Hz. The details of SOMALOY 700 material provide good information to practitioners in designing electrical machine at different variation of frequencies.
Rufangura, P & Sabah, C 2018, 'Perfect metamaterial absorber for applications in sustainable and high-efficiency solar cells', Journal of Nanophotonics, vol. 12, no. 02, pp. 1-1.
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The current state of energy is characterized by complex challenges in production processes and environmental issues. With the world population continuing to multiply faster and the globalization process, additional energy production is needed to meet future demands. Solar energy is one of the best sustainable energy resources, which is expected to play a vital role in this scenario. One of the best techniques to harvest this resource is through solar photovoltaic technology, which produces electricity directly from solar radiation. But, one of the problems still persisting is its low efficiency. To harness this technology, this problem needs to be addressed. Metamaterial (MTM) technology has enabled the creation of advanced devices for various applications. Solar cell technology is one of the fields to benefit from this technology. MTM perfect absorber can be used in solar cells to improve their absorption. Multiple-bands MTM absorber for next generation high-efficiency solar cells is proposed. The design gives a nearly perfect absorption (99.94%) with a bandwidth of 23.4% in visible spectrum. In addition, the geometric flexibility of a proposed design causes its absorption rate to be insensitive of polarization angles and angles of incident electromagnetic radiations.
Sadr, N, Jayawardhana, M, Pham, TT, Tang, R, Balaei, AT & de Chazal, P 2018, 'A low-complexity algorithm for detection of atrial fibrillation using an ECG', Physiological Measurement, vol. 39, no. 6, pp. 064003-064003.
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We present a method for automatic processing of single-lead electrocardiogram (ECG) with duration of up to 60 s for the detection of atrial fibrillation (AF). The method categorises an ECG recording into one of four categories: normal, AF, other and noisy rhythm. For training the classification model, 8528 scored ECG signals were used; for independent performance assessment, 3658 scored ECG signals.Our method was based on features derived from RR interbeat intervals. The features included time domain, frequency domain and distribution features. We assessed the performance of three different classifiers (linear and quadratic discriminant analysis, and quadratic neural network (QNN)) on the training set using 100-fold cross-validation. The QNN was selected as the highest performing classifier, and a further performance assessment on the test data made.On the test set, our method achieved an F1 score for the normal, AF, other and noisy classes of 0.90, 0.75, 0.68 and 0.32, respectively. The overall F1 score was 0.78.The computational cost of our algorithm is low as all features are derived from RR intervals and are processed by a single hidden layer neural network. This makes it potentially suitable for low-power devices.
Safavi-Naeini, M, Chacon, A, Guatelli, S, Franklin, DR, Bambery, K, Gregoire, M-C & Rosenfeld, A 2018, 'Opportunistic dose amplification for proton and carbon ion therapy via capture of internally generated thermal neutrons', Scientific Reports, vol. 8, no. 1.
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AbstractThis paper presents Neutron Capture Enhanced Particle Therapy (NCEPT), a method for enhancing the radiation dose delivered to a tumour relative to surrounding healthy tissues during proton and carbon ion therapy by capturing thermal neutrons produced inside the treatment volume during irradiation. NCEPT utilises extant and in-development boron-10 and gadolinium-157-based drugs from the related field of neutron capture therapy. Using Monte Carlo simulations, we demonstrate that a typical proton or carbon ion therapy treatment plan generates an approximately uniform thermal neutron field within the target volume, centred around the beam path. The tissue concentrations of neutron capture agents required to obtain an arbitrary 10% increase in biological effective dose are estimated for realistic treatment plans, and compared to concentrations previously reported in the literature. We conclude that the proposed method is theoretically feasible, and can provide a worthwhile improvement in the dose delivered to the tumour relative to healthy tissue with readily achievable concentrations of neutron capture enhancement drugs.
Saputra, YM, Hoang, DT, Nguyen, DN & Dutkiewicz, E 2018, 'A Novel Mobile Edge Network Architecture with Joint Caching-Delivering and Horizontal Cooperation', IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing, vol. 20, no. 1, pp. 19-31.
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Mobile edge caching/computing has been emerging as a promising paradigm toprovide new services (e.g., ultra-high rate, ultra-reliable, and/or low-latencycommunications) in future wireless networks. In this paper, we introduce anovel mobile edge caching network architecture that leverages the optimal jointcaching-delivering with horizontal cooperation among mobile edge nodes (MENs),namely JOCAD. Under this architecture, MENs cooperate with each other in bothcaching and delivering contents, aiming to simultaneously minimize the totalaverage delay for the mobile users and mitigate the network traffic on thebackhaul link. Extensive simulations demonstrate that the proposed solutionscan reduce the total average delay for the whole network up to 40% comparedwith the most frequency-of-access policy, and up to 25% compared with locallyoptimal caching policy (i.e., without collaboration). Furthermore, the proposedsolutions also increase the cache hit rate for the network by four times,thereby dramatically reducing the traffic load on the backhaul network.
Saputra, YM, Hoang, DT, Nguyen, DN, Dutkiewicz, E, Niyato, D & Kim, DI 2018, 'Distributed Deep Learning at the Edge: A Novel Proactive and Cooperative Caching Framework for Mobile Edge Networks', IEEE Wireless Communications Letters, vol. 8, no. 4, pp. 1-1.
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This letter proposes two novel proactive cooperative caching approaches usingdeep learning (DL) to predict users' content demand in a mobile edge cachingnetwork. In the first approach, a (central) content server takesresponsibilities to collect information from all mobile edge nodes (MENs) inthe network and then performs our proposed deep learning (DL) algorithm topredict the content demand for the whole network. However, such a centralizedapproach may disclose the private information because MENs have to share theirlocal users' data with the content server. Thus, in the second approach, wepropose a novel distributed deep learning (DDL) based framework. The DDL allowsMENs in the network to collaborate and exchange information to reduce the errorof content demand prediction without revealing the private information ofmobile users. Through simulation results, we show that our proposed approachescan enhance the accuracy by reducing the root mean squared error (RMSE) up to33.7% and reduce the service delay by 36.1% compared with other machinelearning algorithms.
Setiadi, H, Krismanto, AU, Mithulananthan, N & Hossain, MJ 2018, 'Modal interaction of power systems with high penetration of renewable energy and BES systems', International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems, vol. 97, pp. 385-395.
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Integration of renewable energy sources (RESs) at transmission level is getting popular in the recent years. RESs have advantages of generating clean and environmentally friendly electricity. However, due to the uncertainty and less inertia characteristic of the RESs based power plant, it can bring negative impacts on small signal stability which is also known as low-frequency oscillatory stability. Hence, utilizing an additional device, such as battery energy storage (BES) in power system with high penetration of RESs is inevitable. BES system could provide additional active power to the grid to overcome the shortfall energy from RESs. Conversely, BES installation may also introduce negative impact on system dynamic in terms of possible interaction with other elements of the power system. Therefore, proper gain control setting of BES is required to avoid undesirable interaction and make sure system stability. This paper investigates the impact of gain variation in BES controller to oscillatory stability and modal interaction on the power system. Eigenvalue trajectories, participation factor and time domain simulation of the critical modes are thoroughly investigated. Influence of the capacity of BES and its location on damping ratio of weak modes is also examined in the paper. Moreover, the mitigation of modal interaction occurrence through BES gain tuning using metaheuristic algorithms is proposed in this paper. From the simulation results, it was found that increasing BES's gain controller could lead to the interaction events. It was also reported that the proposed tuning method is feasible to mitigate the occurrence of modal interaction.
Sharifian, A, Fathi Sasansara, S, Ghadi, MJ, Ghavidel, S, Li, L & Zhang, J 2018, 'Dynamic performance improvement of an ultra-lift Luo DC–DC converter by using a type-2 fuzzy neural controller', Computers & Electrical Engineering, vol. 69, pp. 171-182.
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© 2018 Due to the uncertainty associated with the structure and electrical elements of DC–DC converters and the nonlinear performance of these modules, designing an effective controller is highly complicated and also technically challenging. This paper employs a new control approach based on type-2 fuzzy neural controller (T2FNC) in order to improve the dynamic response of an ultra-lift Luo DC–DC converter under different operational conditions. The proposed controller can rapidly stabilize the output voltage of converter to expected values by tuning the converter switching duty cycle. This controller can tackle the uncertainties associated with the structure of converters, measured control signals and measuring devices. Moreover, a new intelligent method based on firefly algorithm is applied to tune the parameters of T2FNC. In order to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed control approach, the proposed controller is compared to PI and fuzzy controllers under different operational conditions. Results validate efficiency of proposed T2FNC.
Sharifian, A, Ghadi, MJ, Ghavidel, S, Li, L & Zhang, J 2018, 'A new method based on Type-2 fuzzy neural network for accurate wind power forecasting under uncertain data', Renewable Energy, vol. 120, pp. 220-230.
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© 2017 Elsevier Ltd Nowadays, due to some environmental restrictions and decrease of fossil fuel sources, renewable energy sources and specifically wind power plants have a major part of energy generation in the industrial countries. To this end, the accurate forecasting of wind power is considered as an important and influential factor for the management and planning of power systems. In this paper, a novel intelligent method is proposed to provide an accurate forecast of the medium-term and long-term wind power by using the uncertain data from an online supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) system and the numerical weather prediction (NWP). This new method is based on the particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm and applied to train the Type-2 fuzzy neural network (T2FNN) which is called T2FNN-PSO. The presented method combines both of fuzzy system's expert knowledge and the neural network's learning capability for accurate forecasting of the wind power. In addition, the T2FNN-PSO can appropriately handle the uncertainties associated with the measured parameters from SCADA system, the numerical weather prediction and measuring tools. The proposed method is applied on a case study of a real wind farm. The obtained simulation results validate effectiveness and applicability of the proposed method for a practical solution to an accurate wind power forecasting in a power system control center.
Sheng, Z, Tuan, HD, Duong, TQ & Poor, HV 2018, 'Beamforming Optimization for Physical Layer Security in MISO Wireless Networks', IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing, vol. 66, no. 14, pp. 3710-3723.
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© 1991-2012 IEEE. A wireless network of multiple transmitter-user pairs overheard by an eavesdropper, where the transmitters are equipped with multiple antennas, while the users and eavesdropper are equipped with a single antenna, is considered. At different levels of wireless channel knowledge, the problem of interest is beamforming to optimize the users' quality-of-service (QoS) in terms of their secrecy throughputs or maximize the network's energy efficiency under users' QoS. All these problems are seen as very difficult optimization problems with many nonconvex constraints and nonlinear equality constraints in beamforming vectors. The paper develops path-following computational procedures of low complexity and rapid convergence for the optimal beamforming solution. Their practicability is demonstrated through numerical examples.
Sheng, Z, Tuan, HD, Duong, TQ & Poor, HV 2018, 'Outage-Aware Secure Beamforming in MISO Wireless Interference Networks', IEEE Signal Processing Letters, vol. 25, no. 7, pp. 956-960.
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Sheng, Z, Tuan, HD, Duong, TQ, Poor, HV & Fang, Y 2018, 'Low-Latency Multiuser Two-Way Wireless Relaying for Spectral and Energy Efficiencies', IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing, vol. 66, no. 16, pp. 4362-4376.
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Sheng, Z, Tuan, HD, Nasir, AA, Duong, TQ & Poor, HV 2018, 'Power Allocation for Energy Efficiency and Secrecy of Wireless Interference Networks', IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications, vol. 17, no. 6, pp. 3737-3751.
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© 2002-2012 IEEE. Considering a multi-user interference network with an eavesdropper, this paper aims at the power allocation to optimize the worst secrecy throughput among the network links or the secure energy efficiency in terms of achieved secrecy throughput per Joule under link security requirements. Three scenarios for the access of channel state information are considered: the perfect channel state information; partial channel state information with channels from the transmitters to the eavesdropper exponentially distributed; and not perfectly known channels between the transmitters and the users with exponentially distributed errors. The paper develops various path-following procedures of low complexity and rapid convergence for the optimal power allocation. Their effectiveness and viability are illustrated through numerical examples. The power allocation schemes are shown to achieve both high secrecy throughput and energy efficiency.
Shi, Y, Tuan, HD, Apkarian, P & Savkin, AV 2018, 'Global optimal power flow over large-scale power transmission networks', Systems & Control Letters, vol. 118, pp. 16-21.
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© 2018 Elsevier B.V. Optimal power flow (OPF) over power transmission networks poses challenging large-scale nonlinear optimization problems, which involve a large number of quadratic equality and indefinite quadratic inequality constraints. These computationally intractable constraints are often expressed by linear constraints plus matrix additional rank-one constraints on the outer products of the voltage vectors. The existing convex relaxation technique, which drops the difficult rank-one constraints for tractable computation, cannot yield even a feasible point. We address these computationally difficult problems by an iterative procedure, which generates a sequence of improved points that converges to a rank-one solution. Each iteration calls a semi-definite program. Intensive simulations for the OPF problems over networks with a few thousands of buses are provided to demonstrate the efficiency of our approach. The suboptimal values of the OPF problems found by our computational procedure turn out to be the global optimal value with computational tolerance less than 0.01%.
Simorangkir, RBVB, Yang, Y, Esselle, KP & Zeb, BA 2018, 'A Method to Realize Robust Flexible Electronically Tunable Antennas Using Polymer-Embedded Conductive Fabric', IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, vol. 66, no. 1, pp. 50-58.
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© 1963-2012 IEEE. A new approach to realize robust, flexible, and electronically tunable wearable antennas is presented. Conductive fabric is used to form the conducting parts of the antenna on a polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) substrate. Then the antenna and the lumped (active and passive) elements, required for electronic tuning and RF choking, are fully encapsulated with additional layers of PDMS. As a concept demonstration, a new frequency-reconfigurable antenna has been designed and fabricated. The details of the prototype manufacturing process are described. Two UWB human muscle equivalent phantoms were also fabricated for testing purposes. Furthermore, the antenna was subjected to several investigations on its RF performance (both in free space and on a flat phantom) and mechanical stability. The latter includes bending tests on several locations on a human-body shaped phantom and washing in a household washing machine. Good agreement between predicted and experimental results (both in free space and on the phantom) is observed, validating the proposed concept. The tests demonstrated that lumped components and other antenna parts remained intact and in working order even under extreme bending (to a bending radius of 28 mm) and after washing, thus maintaining the overall antenna performance including good frequency reconfigurability from 2.3 to 2.68 GHz. To the best of our knowledge, all these features have never been demonstrated in previously published electronically tunable antennas.
Simorangkir, RBVB, Yang, Y, Hashmi, RM, Bjorninen, T, Esselle, KP & Ukkonen, L 2018, 'Polydimethylsiloxane-Embedded Conductive Fabric: Characterization and Application for Realization of Robust Passive and Active Flexible Wearable Antennas', IEEE Access, vol. 6, pp. 48102-48112.
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© 2013 IEEE. We present our study on polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS)-embedded conductive fabric, which we propose as a simple yet effective solution to the challenging issue of poor PDMS-metal adhesion, allowing for a relatively easy realization of robust flexible antennas for wearable applications. The method combines the use of conductive fabric as a radiator with PDMS, which acts as the substrate and a protective encapsulation simultaneously. For the first time, a holistic study on the mechanical and electrical properties of the proposed combination of materials is presented thoroughly using a number of fabricated samples. As concept demonstrations, a microstrip patch and a reconfigurable patch antenna are fabricated using the proposed technique to validate the idea. The inclusion of a PDMS-ceramic composite as part of the antenna's substrate, which leads to over 50% reduction in the size compared with a pure PDMS, is also demonstrated to showcase further the versatility of the proposed technique. The fabricated antennas are tested in several wearable scenarios and consistent performance including reconfigurability is obtained even after the antennas are exposed to harsh environments, i.e., extreme bending and machine-washing.
Siwakoti, YP & Blaabjerg, F 2018, 'Common-Ground-Type Transformerless Inverters for Single-Phase Solar Photovoltaic Systems.', IEEE Trans. Ind. Electron., vol. 65, no. 3, pp. 2100-2111.
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© 1982-2012 IEEE. This paper proposes a family of novel flying capacitor transformerless inverters for single-phase photovoltaic (PV) systems. Each of the new topologies proposed is based on a flying capacitor principle and requires only four power switches and/or diodes, one capacitor, and a small filter at the output stage. A simple unipolar sinusoidal pulse width modulation technique is used to modulate the inverter to minimize the switching loss, output current ripple, and the filter requirements. In general, the main advantages of the new inverter topologies are: 1) the negative polarity of the PV is directly connected to the grid, and therefore, no leakage current; 2) reactive power compensation capability; and 3) the output ac voltage peak is equal to the input dc voltage (unlike neutral-point-clamped and derivative topologies, which requires twice the magnitude of the peak ac voltage). A complete description of the operating principle with modulation techniques, design guidelines, and comprehensive comparisons is presented to reveal the properties and limitations of each topology in detail. Finally, experimental results of 1-kVA prototypes are presented to prove the concept and theoretical analysis of the proposed inverter family for practical applications.
Soldani, D, Guo, YJ, Barani, B, Mogensen, P, I, C-L & Das, SK 2018, '5G for Ultra-Reliable Low-Latency Communications', IEEE Network, vol. 32, no. 2, pp. 6-7.
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© 2018 IEEE. The articles in this special section focus on fifth generation (5G) mobile communication for ultra-reliable low-latency communications. With the expected superior performance to the current generation of mobile networks, 5G systems are poised to support new and diverse usage scenarios and applications, thus enriching the lives of citizens and the productivity of industry and public sectors. The widely accepted scenarios for 5G include enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB), addressing human-centric use cases for access to multimedia content, services and data; ultra-reliable low-latency communications (URLLC) with strict requirements, especially in terms of latency and reliability; and massive machine type communications (mMTC) for a very large number of connected devices typically transmitting a relatively low volume of non-delay-sensitive data. The articles in this section present the most relevant scenarios, prominent research outcomes, and state-of-the-art advances of 5G systems for URLLC achieving the Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) targets on latency and reliability requirements to successfully deliver delay-sensitive information. In 3GPP, the performance target for control plane latency is 10 ms, and for user plane latency it is 0.5 ms for downlink and uplink directions, separately.
Sun, H-H, Zhu, H, Ding, C & Guo, YJ 2018, 'Wideband Planarized Dual-Linearly-Polarized Dipole Antenna and Its Integration for Dual-Circularly-Polarized Radiation', IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters, vol. 17, no. 12, pp. 2289-2293.
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© 2002-2011 IEEE. A planarized dual-linearly-polarized (dual-LP) antenna and an integrated dual-circularly-polarized (dual-CP) antenna are proposed in this letter. For the dual-LP antenna, two groups of dipoles are fed by two balun-included feed networks to achieve ±45° polarizations. The feed networks and the radiators are printed on two sides of a substrate, forming a fully planar structure. Taking advantage of its planar configuration, the dual-LP antenna is further integrated with a wideband coupler to realize dual-CP radiation. The coupler is bent and squeezed into the space between the radiators and the reflector, leading to a compact structure. Both the dual-LP antenna and the dual-CP antenna have very stable radiation performances across a wide operating band >66%.
Sun, X, Su, B, Wang, S, Yang, Z, Lei, G, Zhu, J & Guo, Y 2018, 'Performance Analysis of Suspension Force and Torque in an IBPMSM With V-Shaped PMs for Flywheel Batteries', IEEE Transactions on Magnetics, vol. 54, no. 11, pp. 1-4.
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© 1965-2012 IEEE. Due to the advantages such as high energy density, high power density, high cyclic life, and environmentally friendly, the flywheel battery has the potential to solve the problem of energy storage. In order to improve the torque density and suspension performance of bearingless synchronous permanent magnet (PM) synchronous motors (BPMSMs), a novel rotor structure with V-shaped PMs is designed in this paper. Furthermore, the interior BPMSM (IBPMSM) with V-shaped PM which used for flywheel batteries of electric vehicles is researched in detail. Especially, the influence of geometrical parameters of V-shaped PM on suspension force and electromagnetic torque is investigated. Moreover, the corresponding static electrical magnetic characteristics including inductances and electromagnetic torque are also studied. The finite-element method is employed to evaluate the theoretical analysis of the proposed IBPMSM. In addition, the optimized motor is validated to have good suspension performance by some experiments.
Sutton, GJ, Liu, RP & Guo, YJ 2018, 'Delay and Reliability of Load-Based Listen-Before-Talk in LAA', IEEE Access, vol. 6, pp. 6171-6182.
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© 2013 IEEE. With the release of the 5 GHz unlicensed spectrum has emerged licensed-Assisted access, in which long-Term evolution (LTE) operators compete with Wi-Fi users for a share of the unlicensed spectrum so as to augment their licensed spectrum. Subsequently, there has been the need to develop a LTE channel access mechanism that enables harmonious coexistence between Wi-Fi and LTE. Load-based listen-before-Talk (LB-LBT) has been adopted as this LTE channel access mechanism by the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP). Theoretical modelling of LB-LBT schemes has focused on throughput and fair channel-Time sharing between Wi-Fi and LTE technologies. We explore a LB-LBT scheme that belongs to LBT category 4, as recommended by the 3GPP, and develop a model for the distribution of the medium access control (MAC) delays experienced by the Wi-Fi packets and LTE frames. The model, validated by simulations, reveals design insights that can be used to dynamically adjust the LB-LBT parameters not only to achieve channel-Time fairness, but also to guarantee MAC-delay bounds, with specified probability.
Sutton, GJ, Zeng, J, Liu, RP, Ni, W, Nguyen, DN, Jayawickrama, BA, Huang, X, Abolhasan, M & Zhang, Z 2018, 'Enabling Ultra-Reliable and Low-Latency Communications through Unlicensed Spectrum', IEEE Network, vol. 32, no. 2, pp. 70-77.
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© 2018 IEEE. In this article, we aim to address the question of how to exploit the unlicensed spectrum to achieve URLLC. Potential URLLC PHY mechanisms are reviewed and then compared via simulations to demonstrate their potential benefits to URLLC. Although a number of important PHY techniques help with URLLC, the PHY layer exhibits an intrinsic trade-off between latency and reliability, posed by limited and unstable wireless channels. We then explore MAC mechanisms and discuss multi-channel strategies for achieving low-latency LTE unlicensed band access. We demonstrate, via simulations, that the periods without access to the unlicensed band can be substantially reduced by maintaining channel access processes on multiple unlicensed channels, choosing the channels intelligently, and implementing RTS/CTS.
Taghizadeh, S, Hossain, MJ & Lu, J 2018, 'Enhanced orthogonal signal generator for a single‐phase grid‐connected converter', IET Power Electronics, vol. 11, no. 15, pp. 2563-2572.
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This study presents a new orthogonal signal generation (OSG) technique for the control system of a single-phase grid-connected voltage-source converter (VSC). The existing methods mostly suffer from delay, rely on the system parameters, or require multiple inputs. Among them, the second-order generalised integrator (SOGI) excludes the drawbacks of the other methods and shows better steady-state and dynamic response. The proposed OSG method here includes the advantages of the SOGI technique while demonstrating superior dynamic response and higher disturbance rejection capability. It is structurally simple without adding complexity to the control system. The proposed method is implemented in a DQ-frame current controller and its feasibility and reliability are verified through mathematical analysis, simulation, and experimental results.
Taghizadeh, S, Hossain, MJ, Lu, J & Water, W 2018, 'A unified multi-functional on-board EV charger for power-quality control in household networks', Applied Energy, vol. 215, pp. 186-201.
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This paper presents a feasible and reliable unified control system for a single-phase 4.5 kVA on-board multifunctional electric-vehicle (EV) charger that is connected to a low-voltage household network. Based on the proposed control system, the EV charger can operate as both a single-phase four-quadrant static synchronous compensator (STATCOM) and an active power filter (APF). The proposed EV charger can simultaneously perform four functions: charging/discharging the electric-vehicle's (EV's) battery; reactive power compensation; voltage regulation; and, harmonic reduction, which are important concerns of the existing power grid. Accordingly, it can enhance the building s voltage profile, power quality, and reliability, which makes the proposed method a complete solution for low-voltage household networks. The stress on the EV battery is also reduced, which can enhance its lifetime. A stability analysis of the proposed unified control system is provided in this paper. The simulation results, with two loads, static and dynamic, confirm the efficacy and reliability of the proposed system. The performance of the designed unified control system is also validated by experimental results.
Takalkar, M, Xu, M, Wu, Q & Chaczko, Z 2018, 'A survey: facial micro-expression recognition', Multimedia Tools and Applications, vol. 77, no. 15, pp. 19301-19325.
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© 2017, Springer Science+Business Media, LLC. Facial expression recognition plays a crucial role in a wide range of applications of psychotherapy, security systems, marketing, commerce and much more. Detecting a macro-expression, which is a direct representation of an ‘emotion,’ is a relatively straight-forward task. Playing a pivotal role as macro-expressions, micro-expressions are more accurate indicators of a train of thought or even subtle, passive or involuntary thoughts. Compared to macro-expressions, identifying micro-expressions is a much more challenging research question because their time spans are narrowed down to a fraction of a second, and can only be defined using a broader classification scale. This paper is an all-inclusive survey-cum-analysis of the various micro-expression recognition techniques. We analyze the general framework for micro-expression recognition system by decomposing the pipeline into fundamental components, namely face detecting, pre-processing, facial feature detection and extraction, datasets, and classification. We discuss the role of these elements and highlight the models and new trends that are followed in their design. Moreover, we provide an extensive analysis of micro-expression recognition systems by comparing their performance. We also discuss the new deep learning features that can, in the near future, replace the hand-crafted features for facial micro-expression recognition. This survey has been developed, focusing on the methodologies applied, databases used, performance regarding recognition accuracy and comparing these to distil the gaps in the efficiencies, future scope, and research potentials. Through this survey, we intend to look into this problem and develop a comprehensive and efficient recognition scheme. This study allows us to identify open issues and to determine future directions for designing real-world micro-expression recognition systems.
Thakur, CS, Wang, R, Hamilton, TJ, Etienne-Cummings, R, Tapson, J & van Schaik, A 2018, 'An Analogue Neuromorphic Co-Processor That Utilizes Device Mismatch for Learning Applications', IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I: Regular Papers, vol. 65, no. 4, pp. 1174-1184.
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© 2004-2012 IEEE. As the integrated circuit (IC) technology advances into smaller nanometre feature sizes, a fixed-error noise known as device mismatch is introduced owing to the dissimilarity between transistors, and this degrades the accuracy of analog circuits. In this paper, we present an analog co-processor that uses this fixed-pattern noise to its advantage to perform complex computation. This circuit is an extension of our previously published trainable analogue block (TAB) framework and uses multiple inputs that substantially increase functionality. We present measurement results of our two-input analogue co-processor built using a 130-nm process technology and show its learning capabilities for regression and classification tasks. We also show that the co-processor, comprised of 100 neurons, is a low-power system with a power dissipation of only 1.1μ W. The IC fabrication process contributes to randomness and variability in ICs, and we show that random device mismatch is favorable for the learning capability of our system as it causes variability among the neuronal tuning curves. The low-power capability of our framework makes it suitable for use in various battery-powered applications ranging from biomedical to military as a front-end analog co-processor.
Tran, T & Ha, QP 2018, 'Perturbed cooperative-state feedback strategy for model predictive networked control of interconnected systems', ISA Transactions, vol. 72, pp. 110-121.
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© 2017 ISA A perturbed cooperative-state feedback (PSF) strategy is presented for the control of interconnected systems in this paper. The subsystems of an interconnected system can exchange data via the communication network that has multiple connection topologies. The PSF strategy can resolve both issues, the sensor data losses and the communication network breaks, thanks to the two components of the control including a cooperative-state feedback and a perturbation variable, e.g., ui=Kijxj+wi. The PSF is implemented in a decentralized model predictive control scheme with a stability constraint and a non-monotonic storage function (ΔV(x(k))≥0), derived from the dissipative systems theory. Numerical simulation for the automatic generation control problem in power systems is studied to illustrate the effectiveness of the presented PSF strategy.
Uddin, MB, Chow, CM & Su, SW 2018, 'Classification methods to detect sleep apnea in adults based on respiratory and oximetry signals: a systematic review', Physiological Measurement, vol. 39, no. 3, pp. 03TR01-03TR01.
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© 2018 Institute of Physics and Engineering in Medicine. Objective: Sleep apnea (SA), a common sleep disorder, can significantly decrease the quality of life, and is closely associated with major health risks such as cardiovascular disease, sudden death, depression, and hypertension. The normal diagnostic process of SA using polysomnography is costly and time consuming. In addition, the accuracy of different classification methods to detect SA varies with the use of different physiological signals. If an effective, reliable, and accurate classification method is developed, then the diagnosis of SA and its associated treatment will be time-efficient and economical. This study aims to systematically review the literature and present an overview of classification methods to detect SA using respiratory and oximetry signals and address the automated detection approach. Approach: Sixty-two included studies revealed the application of single and multiple signals (respiratory and oximetry) for the diagnosis of SA. Main results: Both airflow and oxygen saturation signals alone were effective in detecting SA in the case of binary decision-making, whereas multiple signals were good for multi-class detection. In addition, some machine learning methods were superior to the other classification methods for SA detection using respiratory and oximetry signals. Significance: To deal with the respiratory and oximetry signals, a good choice of classification method as well as the consideration of associated factors would result in high accuracy in the detection of SA. An accurate classification method should provide a high detection rate with an automated (independent of human action) analysis of respiratory and oximetry signals. Future high-quality automated studies using large samples of data from multiple patient groups or record batches are recommended.
Usman, M, Yang, N, Jan, MA, He, X, Xu, M & Lam, K-M 2018, 'A Joint Framework for QoS and QoE for Video Transmission over Wireless Multimedia Sensor Networks', IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing, vol. 17, no. 4, pp. 746-759.
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© 2002-2012 IEEE. With the emergence of Wireless Multimedia Sensor Networks (WMSNs), the distribution of multimedia contents have now become a reality. Without proper management, the transmission of multimedia data over WMSNs affects the performance of networks due to excessive packet-drop. The existing studies on Quality of Service (QoS) mostly deal with simple Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) and as such do not account for an increasing number of sensor nodes and an increasing volume of data. In this paper, we propose a novel framework to support QoS in WMSNs along with a light-weight Error Concealment (EC) scheme. The EC schemes play a vital role to enhance Quality of Experience (QoE) by maintaining an acceptable quality at the receiving ends. The main objectives of the proposed framework are to maximize the network throughput and to cover-up the effects produced by dropped video packets. To control the data-rate, Scalable High efficiency Video Coding (SHVC) is applied at multimedia sensor nodes with variable Quantization Parameters (QPs). Multi-path routing is exploited to support real-time video transmission. Experimental results show that the proposed framework can efficiently adjust large volumes of video data under certain network distortions and can effectively conceal lost video frames by producing better objective measurements.
Vo, K, Pham, T, Nguyen, DN, Kha, HH & Dutkiewicz, E 2018, 'Subject-Independent ERP-Based Brain–Computer Interfaces', IEEE Transactions on Neural Systems and Rehabilitation Engineering, vol. 26, no. 4, pp. 719-728.
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Brain–computer interfaces (BCIs) are desirable for people to express their thoughts, especially those with profound disabilities in communication.
The classification of brain patterns for each different subject requires an extensively time-consuming learning stage specific to that person, in order to reach satisfactory
accuracy performance. The training session could also be
infeasible for disabled patients as they may not fully understand the training instructions. In this paper, we propose a
unified classification scheme based on ensemble classifier,
dynamic stopping, and adaptive learning. We apply
this scheme on the P300-based BCI, with the subjectindependent manner, where no learning session is required for new experimental users. According to our theoretical analysis and empirical results, the harmonized integration of these three methods can significantly boost up the average accuracy from 75.00% to 91.26%, while at the same
time reduce the average spelling time from 12.62 to 6.78 iterations, approximately to two-fold faster. The experiments were conducted on a large public dataset which had been used in other related studies. Direct comparisons between our work with the others’ are also reported in details.
Vo, N-S, Duong, TQ, Tuan, HD & Kortun, A 2018, 'Optimal Video Streaming in Dense 5G Networks With D2D Communications', IEEE Access, vol. 6, pp. 209-223.
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© 2017 IEEE. Mobile video traffic and mobile devices have now outpaced other data traffic and fixed devices. Global service providers are attempting to propose new mobile infrastructures and solutions for high performance of video streaming services, i.e., high quality of experience (QoE) at high resource efficiency. Although device-to-device (D2D) communications have been an emerging technique that is anticipated to provide a massive number of mobile users with advanced services in 5G networks, the management of resource and co-channel interference between D2D pairs, i.e., helper-requester pairs, and cellular users (CUs) is challenging. In this paper, we design an optimal rate allocation and description distribution for high performance video streaming, particularly, achieving high QoE at high energy efficiency while limiting co-channel interference over D2D communications in 5G networks. To this end, we allocate optimal encoding rates to different layers of a video segment and then packetize the video segment into multiple descriptions with embedded forward error correction before transmission. Simultaneously, the optimal numbers of descriptions are distributed to D2D helpers and base stations in a cooperative scheme for transmitting to the D2D requesters. The optimal results are efficiently in correspondence with intra-popularity of different segments of a video characterized by requesters' behavior, characteristic of lossy wireless channels, channel state information of D2D requesters, and constraints on remaining energy of D2D helpers and target signal to interference plus noise ratio of CUs. Simulation results demonstrate the benefits of our proposed solution in terms of high performance video streaming.
Wang, J & Zhu, J 2018, 'A Simple Method for Performance Prediction of Permanent Magnet Eddy Current Couplings Using a New Magnetic Equivalent Circuit Model', IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, vol. 65, no. 3, pp. 2487-2495.
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© 1982-2012 IEEE. A simple and practical magnetic equivalent circuit (MEC) based analytical technique for calculating the performance parameters of the permanent magnet (PM) eddy current coupling is presented. In the proposed MEC model built with the lumped parameters, the eddy current effects are inherently taken into account by introducing a branch magnetic circuit allowing for the magnetomotive force and the reaction magnetic flux. A complete formulation for the reaction flux which is treated as a kind of leakage flux is derived. A verification process is conducted and it is shown that in a considerably wide range of slip speeds, the torques predicted by the presented method match well with those obtained by both the three-dimensional finite element analysis and experimental measurement. The new MEC-based method also proves to be effective in the performance simulation of the PM eddy current coupling with different design parameters. In addition, the limitation of the proposed approach is also discussed and the reasons are fully investigated.
Wang, TQ & Huang, X 2018, 'Fractional Reverse Polarity Optical OFDM for High Speed Dimmable Visible Light Communications', IEEE Transactions on Communications, vol. 66, no. 4, pp. 1565-1578.
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© 1972-2012 IEEE. In this paper, fractional reverse polarity optical orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (FRPO-OFDM) is studied to enable dimming compatible visible light communications. The scheme combines a layered asymmetrically clipped optical OFDM (ACO-OFDM) sequence with an information-carrying brightness control sequence (BCS) in the form of M -ary pulse position modulation. We derive the expressions of the FRPO-OFDM signal and its achievable brightness level, and develop an effective detector which can recover information from both sequences based on maximum likelihood detection. We show that when the detector is to be implemented, the use of multi-layer ACO-OFDM imposes strong periodicity on the BCS, which leads to a trade-off between spectral efficiency and brightness resolution for dimming control. It is shown that high spectral efficiency can be achieved with practical dimming requirements. Simulation results show that the extra information carried by the BCS can be decoded with extremely low bit error rate and thus has negligible impacts on the demodulation of the ACO-OFDM signal, when the system nonlinearity is not dominating.
Wang, TQ, Li, H & Huang, X 2018, 'Interference Cancellation for Layered Asymmetrically Clipped Optical OFDM With Application to Optical Receiver Design', Journal of Lightwave Technology, vol. 36, no. 11, pp. 2100-2113.
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© 1983-2012 IEEE. In this paper, we study a novel two-stage receiver to demodulate layered asymmetrically clipped optical orthogonal frequency division multiplexing for intensity modulation direct detection based visible light communications. Designed for avoiding the error propagation of the conventional receiver, the first stage of the receiver is a soft interference cancellation (SIC) module which evaluates the minimum mean square error (MMSE) estimates of the signals in different layers. For this stage, we derive the exact formula of the MMSE estimator, and compare the achieved mean square error and bit error rate (BER) with those of the existing simplified SIC receiver. We show that the estimation error in a layer has negligible impact on the design of estimators in the subsequent layers. Using the outputs of the SIC module, the second stage performs noise clipping to suppress the additive noise. For this stage, we present two schemes, the SIC-based iterative noise clipping (SIC-INC) and the SIC-based direct noise clipping (SIC-DNC). The simulation results show that SIC-INC can achieve BERs similar to those of the SIC-based diversity combining receiver with optimum combining coefficients. It is also shown that SIC-DNC outperforms the existing advanced receivers by up to 0.8 dB at the BER of 10{-4}.
Wang, W, Hoang, DT, Niyato, D, Wang, P & Kim, DI 2018, 'Stackelberg Game for Distributed Time Scheduling in RF-Powered Backscatter Cognitive Radio Networks', IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications, vol. 17, no. 8, pp. 5606-5622.
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© 2002-2012 IEEE. In this paper, we study the transmission strategy adaptation problem in an RF-powered cognitive radio network, in which hybrid secondary users are able to switch between the harvest-then-transmit mode and the ambient backscatter mode for their communication with the secondary gateway. In the network, a monetary incentive is introduced for managing the interference caused by the secondary transmission with imperfect channel sensing. The sensing-pricing-transmitting process of the secondary gateway and the transmitters is modeled as a single-leader-multi-follower Stackelberg game. Furthermore, the follower sub-game among the secondary transmitters is modeled as a generalized Nash equilibrium problem with shared constraints. Based on our theoretical discoveries regarding the properties of equilibria in the follower sub-game and the Stackelberg game, we propose a distributed, iterative strategy searching scheme that guarantees the convergence to the Stackelberg equilibrium. The numerical simulations show that the proposed hybrid transmission scheme always outperforms the schemes with fixed transmission modes. Furthermore, the simulations reveal that the adopted hybrid scheme is able to achieve a higher throughput than the sum of the throughput obtained from the schemes with fixed transmission modes.
Wang, Y, Dong, L, Liao, X, Ju, X, Su, SW & Ma, H 2018, 'A Pulse Energy Injection Inverter for the Switch-Mode Inductive Power Transfer System', IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I: Regular Papers, vol. 65, no. 7, pp. 2330-2340.
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IEEE Considering the coupling relationships between transfer power and efficiency in continuous-mode inductive power transfer (IPT) systems, this paper presents a pulse energy injection inverter for IPT systems. With a new topology and parameters tuning, the pulse energy injection IPT system with the proposed inverter can work in switch-mode to decouple transfer power with efficiency. Moreover, the transfer power is only decided by the duty ratio of the semiconductor switch, rather than affected by the transmitting resonator, receiving (Rx) resonator, and load. In this way, the pulse energy injection IPT system holds an operating frequency much lower than the resonant frequency to reduce switch loss and improve transfer efficiency. Experiments verify that the IPT system with proposed inverter maintains a high level efficiency within the middle range and realizes nearly 80 & #x0025; supply to load transfer efficiency even in a weak coupling coefficient (k = 0.044). Finally, experimental analysis implies that the pulse energy injection inverter is suitable for full-range transmission, and high-Q IPT systems with uncertainty in Rx circuits or load.
Wang, Y, Wang, Z, Jia, W, He, X & Jiang, M 2018, 'Joint Learning of Body and Part Representation for Person Re-Identification', IEEE Access, vol. 6, pp. 44199-44210.
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© 2013 IEEE. Person re-identification (ReID), aiming to identify people among multiple camera views, has attracted an increasing attention due to the potential of application in surveillance security. Large variations in subjects' postures, view angles, and illuminating conditions as well as non-ideal human detection significantly increase the difficulty of person ReID. Learning a robust metric for measuring the similarity between different person images is another under-addressed problem. In this paper, following the recent success of part-based models, in order to generate a discriminative and robust feature representation, we first propose to learn global and weighted local body-part features from pedestrian images. Then, in the training phase, angular loss and part-level classification loss are employed jointly as a similarity measure to train the network, which significantly improves the robustness of the resultant network against feature variance. Experimental results on several benchmark data sets demonstrate that our method outperforms the state-of-the-art methods.
Wang, Y, Zhang, J, Liu, Z, Wu, Q, Zhang, Z & Jia, Y 2018, 'Depth Super-Resolution on RGB-D Video Sequences With Large Displacement 3D Motion', IEEE Transactions on Image Processing, vol. 27, no. 7, pp. 3571-3585.
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© 1992-2012 IEEE. To enhance the resolution and accuracy of depth data, some video-based depth super-resolution methods have been proposed, which utilizes its neighboring depth images in the temporal domain. They often consist of two main stages: motion compensation of temporally neighboring depth images and fusion of compensated depth images. However, large displacement 3D motion often leads to compensation error, and the compensation error is further introduced into the fusion. A video-based depth super-resolution method with novel motion compensation and fusion approaches is proposed in this paper. We claim that 3D nearest neighboring field (NNF) is a better choice than using positions with true motion displacement for depth enhancements. To handle large displacement 3D motion, the compensation stage utilized 3D NNF instead of true motion used in the previous methods. Next, the fusion approach is modeled as a regression problem to predict the super-resolution result efficiently for each depth image by using its compensated depth images. A new deep convolutional neural network architecture is designed for fusion, which is able to employ a large amount of video data for learning the complicated regression function. We comprehensively evaluate our method on various RGB-D video sequences to show its superior performance.
Wang, Z & Piccardi, M 2018, 'Minimum-risk temporal alignment of videos', Multimedia Tools and Applications, vol. 77, no. 12, pp. 14891-14906.
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Temporal alignment of videos is an important requirement of tasks such as video comparison, analysis and classification. Most of the approaches proposed to date for video alignment leverage dynamic programming algorithms whose parameters are manually tuned. Conversely, this paper proposes a model that can learn its parameters automatically by minimizing a meaningful loss function over a given training set of videos and alignments. For learning, we exploit the effective framework of structural SVM and we extend it with an original scoring function that suitably scores the alignment of two given videos, and a loss function that quantifies the accuracy of a predicted alignment. The experimental results from four video action datasets show that the proposed model has been able to outperform a baseline and a state-of-the-art algorithm by a large margin in terms of alignment accuracy.
Wang, Z, Xiao, F, Ye, N, Wang, R & Yang, P 2018, 'A See-through-Wall System for Device-Free Human Motion Sensing Based on Battery-Free RFID', ACM Transactions on Embedded Computing Systems, vol. 17, no. 1, pp. 1-21.
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A see-through-wall system can be used in life detection, military fields, elderly people surveillance. and gaming. The existing systems are mainly based on military devices, customized signals or pre-deployed sensors inside the room, which are very expensive and inaccessible for general use. Recently, a low-cost RFID technology has gained a lot of attention in this field. Since phase estimates of a battery-free RFID tag collected by a commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) RFID reader are sensitive to external interference, the RFID tag could be regarded as a battery-free sensor that detects reflections off targeted objects. The existing RFID-based system, however, needs to first learn the environment of the empty room beforehand to separate reflections off the tracked target. Besides, it can only track low-speed metal objects with high-positioning accuracy. Since the human body with its complex surface has a weaker ability to reflect radio frequency (RF) signals than metal objects, a battery-free RFID tag can capture only a subset of the reflections off the human body. To address these challenges, a RFID-based human motion sensing technology, called RF-HMS, is presented to track device-free human motion through walls. At first, we construct transfer functions of multipath channel based on phase and RSSI measurements to eliminate device noise and reflections off static objects like walls and furniture without learning the environment of the empty room before. Then a tag planar array is grouped by many battery-free RFID tags to improve the sensing performance. RF-HMS combines reflections from each RFID tag into a reinforced result. On this basis, we extract phase shifts to detect the absence or presence of any moving persons and further derive the reflections off a single moving person to identify his/her forward or backward motion direction. The results show that RF-HMS can effectively detect the absence or presence of moving persons with 100% accuracy...
Wong, GY, Leung, FHF & Ling, S-H 2018, 'A hybrid evolutionary preprocessing method for imbalanced datasets', Information Sciences, vol. 454-455, pp. 161-177.
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© 2018 Imbalanced datasets are commonly encountered in real-world classification problems. Many machine learning algorithms are originally designed for well-balanced datasets, therefore re-sampling has become an important step to pre-process imbalanced data. This aims to balance the datasets by increasing the samples of the smaller class or decreasing the samples of the larger class, which are known as over-sampling and under-sampling, respectively. In this paper, a sampling strategy that is based on both over-sampling and under-sampling is proposed, in which the new samples of the smaller class are created based on fuzzy logic. Improvement of the datasets is done by the evolutionary computational method of Cross-generational elitist selection, Heterogeneous recombination and Cataclysmic mutation (CHC) that under-samples both the minority and majority samples. Consequently, a hybrid preprocessing method is proposed to re-sample imbalanced datasets. The evaluation is done by applying the Support Vector Machine (SVM), C4.5 decision tree and nearest neighbor rule to train a classification model from the re-sampled training sets. From the experimental results, it can be seen that our proposed method improves both the F−measure and AUC. The over-sampling rate and complexity of the classification model are also compared. Our proposed method is found to be superior to all other methods under comparison and it is more robust in different classifiers.
Wu, K, Ni, W, Su, T, Liu, RP & Guo, YJ 2018, 'Fast and Accurate Estimation of Angle-of-Arrival for Satellite-Borne Wideband Communication System', IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications, vol. 36, no. 2, pp. 314-326.
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© 1983-2012 IEEE. Accurate estimation of angle-of-arrival (AoA) is critical to wideband satellite communications, but is susceptible to receive noises and can be ambiguous due to space/cost-effective hybrid antenna array designs with localized analog phased subarrays. As a matter of fact, there has yet to be an unambiguous estimator even for narrow-band systems. This paper proposes a new design of subarray-specific time-varying phase shifts, which enables unambiguous and noise-tolerant estimation of AoA in localized hybrid arrays. Particularly, the new phase shifts deliver deterministic phase changes in the cross-correlations of receive signals between subarrays, and enable the cross-correlations to be coherently accumulated across subarrays and sub-carriers to eliminate ambiguities and tolerate noises. Another important contribution of the paper is that we optimize the frequency interval for coherent accumulation across sub-carriers, leveraging between estimation errors, and accumulation gains. Evident from simulations, our approach is able to dramatically improve the estimation accuracy by orders of magnitudes with significantly reduced requirements of complexities and training symbols, as compared with the state of the art. The approach is robust against noises, with estimation errors asymptotically achieving a rigorously developed lower bound.
Wu, K, Ni, W, Su, T, Liu, RP & Guo, YJ 2018, 'Robust Unambiguous Estimation of Angle-of-Arrival in Hybrid Array With Localized Analog Subarrays', IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications, vol. 17, no. 5, pp. 2987-3002.
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© 2018 IEEE. Hybrid array is able to leverage array gains, transceiver sizes, and costs for massive multiple-input-multiple-output systems in millimeter-wave frequencies. Challenges arise from the estimation of angle-of-arrival (AoA) in localized hybrid arrays, due to the array structure and the resultant estimation ambiguities and susceptibility to noises. This paper eliminates the ambiguities and enhances the tolerance to the noises based on our new discoveries. Particularly, by designing new subarray-specific time-varying phase shifts, we discover that the cross-correlations between the gains of consecutive subarrays have consistent signs except the strongest. This enables the cross-correlations to be deterministically calibrated and constructively combined for the noise-tolerant estimation of the propagation phase offset between adjacent subarrays. Given the phase offset, the AoA can be estimated unambiguously with few training symbols. We also derive a closed-form lower bound for the mean square error of AoA estimation. Corroborated by simulations, our approach is able to dramatically improve estimation accuracy by orders of magnitude while reducing complexity and training symbols, as compared to the state of the art. With the ambiguities eliminated, the estimation errors of our method asymptotically approach the lower bound, as training symbols increase.
Wu, L, Xu, M, Zhu, G, Wang, J & Rao, T 2018, 'Appearance features in Encoding Color Space for visual surveillance', Neurocomputing, vol. 308, pp. 21-30.
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© 2018 Elsevier B.V. Person re-identification and visual tracking are two important tasks in video surveillance. Many works have been done on appearance modeling for these two tasks. However, existing feature descriptors are mainly constructed on three-channel color spaces, such like RGB, HSV and XYZ. These color spaces somehow enable meaningful representation for color, yet may lack distinctiveness for real-world tasks. In this paper, we propose a multi-channel Encoding Color Space (ECS), and consider the color distinction with the design of image feature descriptor. In order to overcome the illumination variation and shape deformation, we design features on the basis of the Encoding Color Space and Histogram of Oriented Gradient (HOG), which enables rich color-gradient characteristics. Additionally, we extract Second Order Histogram (SOH) on the descriptor constructed to capture abstract information with layout constrains. Exhaustive experiments are performed on datasets VIPeR, CAVIAR, CUHK01 and Visual Tracking Benchmark. Experimental results on these datasets show that our feature descriptors could achieve promising performance.
Xia, H, Zhuge, R, Li, H, Song, S, Jiang, F & Xu, M 2018, 'Single Image Rain Removal via a Simplified Residual Dense Network', IEEE Access, vol. 6, pp. 66522-66535.
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© 2013 IEEE. The single-image rain removal problem has attracted tremendous interests within the deep learning domains. Although deep learning based de-raining methods outperform many conventional methods, there are still unresolved issues in regards to improving the performance. In this paper, we propose a simplified residual dense network (SRDN) to improve the de-raining performance and cut down the computation time. Inspired by the image processing domain knowledge that a rainy image can be decomposed into a base (low-pass) layer and a detail (high-pass) layer, we train our network by directly learning the residual between the detail layer of rainy images and the detail layer of clean images. It can both significantly reduce the mapping range from input to output and easily employ the image enhancement operation to handle the heavy rain with hazy looks. Instead of designing a deeper network structure to increase the learning ability of network, we propose a simplified dense block to explore more effective information between layers and, hence, reduce the computation time of network. Experiments on both synthetic and real-world images demonstrate that our SRDN network can achieve competitive results in comparison with the benchmarked and conventional approaches for single-image rain removal.
Xiao, F, Wang, Z, Ye, N, Wang, R & Li, X-Y 2018, 'One More Tag Enables Fine-Grained RFID Localization and Tracking', IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking, vol. 26, no. 1, pp. 161-174.
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Xiao, L, Zhang, Y, Zhang, J, Wang, Q & Li, Y 2018, 'Combining HWEBING and HOG‐MLBP features for pedestrian detection', The Journal of Engineering, vol. 2018, no. 16, pp. 1421-1426.
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Xie, H, He, Z & Veitch, D 2018, 'Disturbance observer-based visual servoing for multirotor unmanned aerial vehicles', at - Automatisierungstechnik, vol. 66, no. 3, pp. 258-267.
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Abstract This paper presents a disturbance observer based input saturated visual servoing law for a quadrotor unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV). The controller regulates the 4D relative pose, i. e., 3D translational and yaw motion, between the vehicle and a planar horizontal visual target in an environment with external disturbances. A feedforward control is used to compensate the lumped disturbance consisting of both system uncertainties and external disturbances. The feedback control part is based on a nested saturation control, which is used to bound the orientation of the UAV and therefore helps to keep the visual target in the camera’s field of view. Simulation results are provided to demonstrate controller performance.
Xu, Y, Thakur, CS, Singh, RK, Hamilton, TJ, Wang, RM & van Schaik, A 2018, 'A FPGA Implementation of the CAR-FAC Cochlear Model', Frontiers in Neuroscience, vol. 12, no. APR.
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© 2018 Xu, Thakur, Singh, Hamilton, Wang and van Schaik. This paper presents a digital implementation of the Cascade of Asymmetric Resonators with Fast-Acting Compression (CAR-FAC) cochlear model. The CAR part simulates the basilar membrane's (BM) response to sound. The FAC part models the outer hair cell (OHC), the inner hair cell (IHC), and the medial olivocochlear efferent system functions. The FAC feeds back to the CAR by moving the poles and zeros of the CAR resonators automatically. We have implemented a 70-section, 44.1 kHz sampling rate CAR-FAC system on an Altera Cyclone V Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) with 18% ALM utilization by using time-multiplexing and pipeline parallelizing techniques and present measurement results here. The fully digital reconfigurable CAR-FAC system is stable, scalable, easy to use, and provides an excellent input stage to more complex machine hearing tasks such as sound localization, sound segregation, speech recognition, and so on.
Xuan, J, Lu, J, Zhang, G, Xu, RYD & Luo, X 2018, 'Doubly Nonparametric Sparse Nonnegative Matrix Factorization Based on Dependent Indian Buffet Processes', IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks and Learning Systems, vol. 29, no. 5, pp. 1835-1849.
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© 2012 IEEE. Sparse nonnegative matrix factorization (SNMF) aims to factorize a data matrix into two optimized nonnegative sparse factor matrices, which could benefit many tasks, such as document-word co-clustering. However, the traditional SNMF typically assumes the number of latent factors (i.e., dimensionality of the factor matrices) to be fixed. This assumption makes it inflexible in practice. In this paper, we propose a doubly sparse nonparametric NMF framework to mitigate this issue by using dependent Indian buffet processes (dIBP). We apply a correlation function for the generation of two stick weights associated with each column pair of factor matrices while still maintaining their respective marginal distribution specified by IBP. As a consequence, the generation of two factor matrices will be columnwise correlated. Under this framework, two classes of correlation function are proposed: 1) using bivariate Beta distribution and 2) using Copula function. Compared with the single IBP-based NMF, this paper jointly makes two factor matrices nonparametric and sparse, which could be applied to broader scenarios, such as co-clustering. This paper is seen to be much more flexible than Gaussian process-based and hierarchial Beta process-based dIBPs in terms of allowing the two corresponding binary matrix columns to have greater variations in their nonzero entries. Our experiments on synthetic data show the merits of this paper compared with the state-of-the-art models in respect of factorization efficiency, sparsity, and flexibility. Experiments on real-world data sets demonstrate the efficiency of this paper in document-word co-clustering tasks.
Xue, R, Huang, S, Luo, X, Jiang, D & Da Xu, RY 2018, 'Semantic emotion-topic model based social emotion mining', Journal of Web Engineering, vol. 17, no. 1-2, pp. 73-92.
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With the booming of social media users, more and more short texts with emotion labels appear, which contain users' rich emotions and opinions about social events or enterprise products. Social emotion mining on social media corpus can help government or enterprise make their decisions. Emotion mining models involve statistical-based and graph-based approaches. Among them, the former approaches are more popular, e.g. Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA)-based Emotion Topic Model. However, they are suffering from low retrieval performance, such as the bad accuracy and the poor interpretability, due to them only considering the bag-of-words or the emotion labels in social media corpus. In this paper, we propose a LDA-based Semantic Emotion-Topic Model (SETM) combining emotion labels and inter-word relations to enhance the retrieval performance of social emotion mining result. The performance influence of four factors on SETM are considered, i.e., association relations, computing time, topic number and semantic interpretability. Experimental results show that the accuracy of our proposed model is 0.750, compared with 0.606, 0.663 and 0.680 of Emotion Topic Model (ETM), Multi-label Supervised Topic Model (MSTM) and Sentiment Latent Topic Model (SLTM) respectively. Besides, the computing time of our model is reduced by 87.81% through limiting word frequency, and its accuracy is 0.703, compared with 0.501, 0.648 and 0.642 of the above baseline methods. Thus, the proposed model has broad prospects in social emotion mining area.
Yang, N, Fan, X, Puthal, D, He, X, Nanda, P & Guo, S 2018, 'A Novel Collaborative Task Offloading Scheme for Secure and Sustainable Mobile Cloudlet Networks', IEEE Access, vol. 6, pp. 44175-44189.
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© 2013 IEEE. With the advancement of wireless networking technologies and communication infrastructures, mobile cloud computing has emerged as a pervasive paradigm to execute computing tasks for capacity-limited mobile devices. More specifically, at the network edge, the resource-rich and trusted cloudlet system can provide in-proximity computing services by executing the workloads for nearby devices. Nevertheless, there are chances for malicious users to generate distributed denial-of-service (DDoS) flooding tasks to overwhelm cloudlet servers and block computing services from legitimate users. Load balancing is one of the most effective methods to solve DDoS attacks in distributed networks. However, existing solutions require overall load information to achieve load balancing in cloudlet networks, making it costly in both communication and computation. To achieve more efficient and low-cost load balancing, we propose CTOM, a novel collaborative task offloading scheme to avoid DDoS attacks for secure and sustainable mobile cloudlet networks. The proposed solution is based on the balls-and-bins theory and it can balance the task loads with extremely limited information. The CTOM reduces the number of overloaded cloudlets smoothly, thus handling the potential DDoS attacks in mobile cloudlet networks. Extensive simulations and evaluation demonstrate that, the proposed CTOM outperforms the conventional random and proportional allocation schemes in reducing the task gaps between maximum load and minimum load among mobile cloudlets by 65% and 55%, respectively.
Yang, S, Hu, F, Thompson, RG, Wang, W, Li, Y, Li, S & Ni, W 2018, 'Criticality ranking for components of a transportation network at risk from tropical cyclones', International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction, vol. 28, pp. 43-55.
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Yang, T, Ding, C, Ziolkowski, RW & Guo, YJ 2018, 'Circular hole ENZ photonic crystal fibers exhibit high birefringence', Optics Express, vol. 26, no. 13, pp. 17264-17264.
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© 2018 Optical Society of America under the terms of the OSA Open Access Publishing Agreement —A novel photonic crystal fiber (PCF) design that yields very high birefringence is proposed and analyzed. Its significantly enhanced birefringence is achieved by filling selected air holes in the cladding with an epsilon-near-zero (ENZ) material. Extensive simulation results of this asymmetric material distribution in the lower THz range demonstrate that the reported PCF has a birefringence above 0.1 and a loss below 0.01 cm−1 over a wide band of frequencies. Moreover, it exhibits near zero dispersion at 0.75 THz for both the X- and Y-polarization modes and a birefringence equal to 0.28. This THz PCF is then scaled successfully to optical frequencies. While the high birefringence is maintained, this optical PCF has a very high loss in its Y-polarization mode and, consequently, yields single-polarization single-mode (SPSM) propagation, exhibiting near zero dispersion at the optical telecom wavelength of 1.55 μm. The ideal ENZ materials used for these conceptual models are replaced with realistic ones for both the THz and optical PCF designs. With the currently available ENZ materials, the realistic PCFs still have a high birefringence, but with higher losses compared to the idealized results. Future developments of ENZ materials that achieve lower loss properties will mitigate this issue in any frequency band of high interest.
Yang, T, Ding, C, Ziolkowski, RW & Jay Guo, Y 2018, 'A Scalable THz Photonic Crystal Fiber With Partially-Slotted Core That Exhibits Improved Birefringence and Reduced Loss', Journal of Lightwave Technology, vol. 36, no. 16, pp. 3408-3417.
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© 1983-2012 IEEE. A photonic crystal fiber (PCF) based on high resistivity silicon is reported that exhibits high birefringence, low loss, and flat dispersion characteristics across a wide bandwidth in the THz regime. Except for the center region, which remains the background dielectric, its core is occupied by a set of rectangular air slots. The material and configuration lead to high birefringence and low loss. The simulation results, which include the material losses, indicate that a birefringence value of 0.82 and a total loss of 0.011 cm-1, including the effective material loss and confinement losses, are achieved at 1.0 THz. These values are a factor of ten times higher and four times lower, respectively, than many recent designs. The numerical analyses also demonstrate that the reported PCF can be scaled to any desired portion of the THz regime, while maintaining a similar birefringence, simply by changing the lattice constant. This 'scalable' characteristic is shown to be applicable to other PCF designs. It could facilitate a novel way of testing THz fibers, i.e., it suggests that one only needs to test the preform to validate the performance of the fiber at higher frequencies. This outcome would significantly reduce the design complexity and the costs of PCF testing.
Yang, W, Li, J, Zheng, H & Xu, RYD 2018, 'A Nuclear Norm Based Matrix Regression Based Projections Method for Feature Extraction', IEEE Access, vol. 6, pp. 7445-7451.
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© 2013 IEEE. In the traditional graph embedding framework, the graph is usually built by k-NN or r-ball. Since it is difficult to manually set the parameters k and r in the high-dimensional space, sparse representation-based methods are usually introduced to automatically build the graphs. In recent years, nuclear norm-based matrix regression (NMR) has been proposed for face recognition using the low rank structural information (i.e., the image matrix-based error model). Inspired by NMR, we give a NMR-based projections (NMRP) method for feature extraction and recognition. The experiments on FERET and extended Yale B face databases show that NMR can be used to build the graph while NMRP is an effective feature extraction method.
Yang, X, Qin, P-Y, Liu, Y, Yin, Y-Z & Guo, YJ 2018, 'Analysis and Design of a Broadband Multifeed Tightly Coupled Patch Array Antenna', IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters, vol. 17, no. 2, pp. 217-220.
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© 2017 IEEE. In this letter, a multifeed tightly coupled patch array antenna capable of broadband operation is analyzed and designed. First, an antenna array composed of infinite elements with each element excited by a feed is proposed. To produce specific polarized radiation efficiently, a new patch element is proposed, and its characteristics are studied based on a 2-port network model. Full-wave simulation results show that the infinite antenna array exhibits both a high efficiency and desirable radiation pattern in a wide frequency band (10 dB bandwidth) from 1.91 to 5.35 GHz (94.8%). Second, to validate its outstanding performance, a realistic finite 4 × 4 antenna prototype is designed, fabricated, and measured in our laboratory. The experimental results agree well with simulated ones, where the frequency bandwidth (VSWR < 2) is from 2.5 to 3.8 GHz (41.3%). The inherent compact size, light weight, broad bandwidth, and good radiation characteristics make this array antenna a promising candidate for future communication and advanced sensing systems.
Yang, Y & Zhu, X 2018, 'A Wideband Reconfigurable Antenna With 360° Beam Steering for 802.11ac WLAN Applications', IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, vol. 66, no. 2, pp. 600-608.
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© 1963-2012 IEEE. A novel 360° beam steering patch antenna with parasitic elements is presented in this paper. The designed antenna consists of a radiating patch and six parasitic elements, each of which is connected through a group of shorting vias controlled by p-i-n diode switches. By switching on the desired groups of the shorting vias, the electric field distribution inside substrate cavity appears at the desired beam direction. Rotationally switching on the groups of the shorting vias, the performance of 360° beam scanning is realized. To further understand operating mechanism, the antenna is modeled with equivalent circuit in terms of the on and off status of a sector of the antenna, which can be used as a design guide for shorting-vias-controlled reconfigurable microstrip patch antennas. The fabricated antenna achieves a bandwidth of 14.5%, a peak gain of 10 dBi, and the efficiency of 80.5%. The achieved beamwidths are 42° and 97° in azimuth and elevation planes, respectively. With an ability of being steered around zenith axis at six directions, the scanned beam range covers the entire 360°. The physical dimension is only 2.5 λg for the size and 0.5λg for the profile. This antenna operates from 5.1 to 5.9 GHz and has significant meaning in the IEEE 802.11ac wireless local area network applications due to its capabilities of generating 360° steered beams.
Yang, Y, Li, Z, Wang, S, Chen, X, Wang, J & Guo, YJ 2018, 'Miniaturized High-Order-Mode Dipole Antennas Based on Spoof Surface Plasmon Polaritons', IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters, vol. 17, no. 12, pp. 2409-2413.
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© 2002-2011 IEEE. A miniaturization method for antennas is developed based on spoof surface plasmon polaritons (SSPPs). With a large phase constant on the SSPPs transmission line, the guide wavelength can be dramatically reduced, with great potential on the miniaturization application of antennas. By introducing a miniaturization factor M, the relationship between M and the phase constant on the SSPPs dipole is studied, providing guidance to the design of miniaturized SSPPs dipoles. Then, SSPPs dipoles operating at 2.4 GHz are designed, including both the odd-And even-resonance dipoles. Simple feeding structures are developed for the odd-And even-resonance dipoles, respectively, and particularly for the even-resonance mode to realize a transition from 50 Ω to very large input impedance of the dipole. The miniaturized SSPPs dipoles operating at the 1st, 2nd, 3rd, and 4th modes are fabricated. The measured reflection coefficients and radiation patterns show good agreements with the simulated results. It can be concluded that the dipole lengths for these modes are reduced by 8%, 11%, 10%, and 13%, respectively, compared with the conventional printed dipoles on the same substrate.
Yang, Y, Zhu, H, Zhu, X & Xue, Q 2018, 'A Low-Loss Bandpass Filter using Edge-Coupled Resonator With Capacitive Feeding in (Bi)-CMOS Technology', IEEE Electron Device Letters, vol. 39, no. 6, pp. 787-790.
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© 1980-2012 IEEE. In this Letter, a flexible approach for low-loss on-chip bandpass filter (BPF) design in CMOS technology is presented. The proposed approach takes the advantages of a combination of an edge-coupled electromagnetic structure, namely resonator, and a pair of metal-insulator-metal capacitors for BPF implementation. To demonstrate the insight of the approach, the designed resonator is analyzed in details by means of a simplified equivalent LC-circuit model. Then, the impact on the BPF design due to the variations of the feeding capacitance is investigated. To prove the concept, both the resonator and BPF are fabricated in a standard 0.13- μ m CMOS technology. The measured results show that the designed resonator can generate a notch with 20-dB attenuation at 59.4 GHz, while the BPF has a center frequency of 35.4 GHz with an insertion loss of 1.7 dB. The chip size of both devices, excluding the test pads, is only 0.039 mm2 (0.15 × 0.26 mm2).
Yang, Y, Zhu, X & Xue, Q 2018, 'Design of an Ultracompact On-Chip Bandpass Filter Using Mutual Coupling Technique', IEEE Transactions on Electron Devices, vol. 65, no. 3, pp. 1087-1093.
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© 1963-2012 IEEE. In this paper, design of an ultracompact bandpass filter (BPF) in GaAs technology without compromising its electrical performance is investigated by means of both theoretical analysis and electromagnetic simulation. In particular, the relationship between the external quality factor and the coupling coefficient of the second-order BPF is formulized to better understand the principle of the mutual coupling effect. To prove the concept, the designed filter is implemented in a commercial 0.1-μm GaAs technology. A step-by-step design guideline is elaborated. The BPF has not only the merits of ultracompactness, but also remarkable insertion loss (IL) compared with other state-of-The-Art on-chip designs. The measurement results show that the 1-dB bandwidth of the BPF is from 28 to 36 GHz, while the IL is less than 1 dB at 29.5 GHz. In addition, more than 40-dB rejection is achieved from 56 to 69 GHz. The size of the filter is only 230 × 280 μm2, excluding the pads, which is equivalent to 0.074 × 0.09 λg μm2} at 28 GHz. To the best of our knowledge, the proposed design is known to be the most compact one in the open literature using GaAs technologies.
Ye, L, Argha, A, Yu, H, Celler, BG, Nguyen, HT & Su, S 2018, 'Dynamic characteristics of oxygen consumption', BioMedical Engineering OnLine, vol. 17, no. 1, pp. 44-44.
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Previous studies have indicated that oxygen uptake ([Formula: see text]) is one of the most accurate indices for assessing the cardiorespiratory response to exercise. In most existing studies, the response of [Formula: see text] is often roughly modelled as a first-order system due to the inadequate stimulation and low signal to noise ratio. To overcome this difficulty, this paper proposes a novel nonparametric kernel-based method for the dynamic modelling of [Formula: see text] response to provide a more robust estimation.Twenty healthy non-athlete participants conducted treadmill exercises with monotonous stimulation (e.g., single step function as input). During the exercise, [Formula: see text] was measured and recorded by a popular portable gas analyser ([Formula: see text], COSMED). Based on the recorded data, a kernel-based estimation method was proposed to perform the nonparametric modelling of [Formula: see text]. For the proposed method, a properly selected kernel can represent the prior modelling information to reduce the dependence of comprehensive stimulations. Furthermore, due to the special elastic net formed by [Formula: see text] norm and kernelised [Formula: see text] norm, the estimations are smooth and concise. Additionally, the finite impulse response based nonparametric model which estimated by the proposed method can optimally select the order and fit better in terms of goodness-of-fit comparing to classical methods.Several kernels were introduced for the kernel-based [Formula: see text] modelling method. The results clearly indicated that the stable spline (SS) kernel has the best performance for [Formula: see text] modelling. Particularly, based on the experimental data from 20 participants, the estimated response from the proposed method with SS kernel was significantly better than the results from the benchmark method [i.e., prediction error method (PEM)] ([Formula: see text] vs [Formula: see text]).The proposed nonparametric modelling m...
Ye, Y, Koch, SF & Zhang, J 2018, 'Determinants of household electricity consumption in South Africa', Energy Economics, vol. 75, pp. 120-133.
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Little is known about residential electricity demand in developing countries. In order to shed some light on this topic, this study combines data from South Africa's recent Income and Expenditure Survey with data from the National Energy Regulator of South Africa to estimate the determinants of residential energy demand. Combining electricity tariff data from the regulator with expenditure survey data from households provides an opportunity to explore the determinants of the demand for electricity. Due to the large number of zeroes in the dataset, a two-part model is employed. The results indicate that household income and electricity price are major demand determinants, and for the full two-part model, electricity demand is normal, as well as downward sloping, although inelastic in both cases; as expected, substitute fuel use impacts these elasticities. We also find that access to free basic electricity, a policy designed to improve access to electricity does what is expected. It is associated with increases in the probability that households purchase electricity and reduces total expenditure on electricity. Household demand is also higher for appliance-rich households in urban areas, especially if there are more household members and they live in larger dwellings.
Yu, H, Ye, L, Naik, GR, Song, R, Nguyen, HT & Su, SW 2018, 'Nonparametric dynamical model of cardiorespiratory responses at the onset and offset of treadmill exercises', Medical & Biological Engineering & Computing, vol. 56, no. 12, pp. 2337-2351.
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© 2018, International Federation for Medical and Biological Engineering. This paper applies a nonparametric modelling method with kernel-based regularization to estimate the carbon dioxide production during jogging exercises. The kernel selection and regularization strategies have been discussed; several commonly used kernels are compared regarding the goodness-of-fit, sensitivity, and stability. Based on that, the most appropriate kernel is then selected for the construction of the regularization term. Both the onset and offset of the jogging exercises are investigated. We compare the identified nonparametric models, which include both impulse response models and step response models for the two periods, as well as the relationship between oxygen consumption and carbon dioxide production. The result statistically indicates that the steady-state gain of the carbon dioxide production in the onset of exercise is bigger than that in the offset while the response time of both onset and offset are similar. Compared with oxygen consumption, the response speed of carbon dioxide production is slightly slower in both onset and offset period while its steady-state gains are similar for both periods. The effectiveness of the kernel-based method for the dynamic modelling of cardiorespiratory response to exercise is also well demonstrated. [Figure not available: see fulltext.].
Yuan, W, Wu, N, Yan, C, Li, Y, Huang, X & Hanzo, L 2018, 'A Low-Complexity Energy-Minimization-Based SCMA Detector and Its Convergence Analysis', IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology, vol. 67, no. 12, pp. 12398-12403.
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© 2018 IEEE. Sparse code multiple access (SCMA) has emerged as a promising non-orthogonal multiple access technique for the next-generation wireless communication systems. Since the signal of multiple users is mapped to the same resources in SCMA, its detection imposes a higher complexity than that of the orthogonal schemes, where each resource slot is dedicated to a single user. In this paper, we propose a low-complexity receiver for SCMA systems based on the radical variational free energy framework. By exploiting the pairwise structure of the likelihood function, the Bethe approximation is utilized for estimating the data symbols. The complexity of the proposed algorithm only increases linearly with the number of users, which is much lower than that of the maximum a posteriori detector associated with exponentially increased complexity. Furthermore, the convergence of the proposed algorithm is analyzed, and its convergence conditions are derived. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed receiver is capable of approaching the error probability performance of the conventional message-passing-based receiver.
Yuan, X, Feng, Z, Xu, W, Ni, W, Zhang, JA, Wei, Z & Liu, RP 2018, 'Capacity Analysis of UAV Communications: Cases of Random Trajectories', IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology, vol. 67, no. 8, pp. 7564-7576.
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© 1967-2012 IEEE. This paper analyzes the link capacity between autonomous unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) with random three-dimensional (3-D) trajectories. This is distinctively different from existing works typically under the assumption of either two-dimensional (2-D) or deterministic trajectories, and particularly interesting to applications such as surveillance and air combat. The key idea is that we geometrically derive the probability distributions of the UAV-to-UAV (U2U) distances which, by exploiting the Jensen's inequality, can be translated to the closed-form bounds for the capacity between UAVs, and between UAVs and ground stations. Another important aspect is that we extrapolate the idea to dense UAV networks, and analyze the impact of network densification, imperfect channel state information, and interference from ground transmitters on the capacity. Corroborated by simulations, our analysis shows that a U2U link with random 2-D trajectories is superior in terms of capacity due to its short average link distance. It is also revealed that a UAV-to-ground link can incur substantially lower capacity than a U2U link even in the case the 3-D coverage of the UAVs is the same, as the result of its longer average link length.
Yuan, X, Feng, Z-Y, Xu, W-J, Wei, Z-Q & Liu, R-P 2018, 'Secure connectivity analysis in unmanned aerial vehicle networks', Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering, vol. 19, no. 3, pp. 409-422.
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© 2018, Zhejiang University and Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature. The distinctive characteristics of unmanned aerial vehicle networks (UAVNs), including highly dynamic network topology, high mobility, and open-air wireless environments, may make UAVNs vulnerable to attacks and threats. In this study, we propose a novel trust model for UAVNs that is based on the behavior and mobility pattern of UAV nodes and the characteristics of inter-UAV channels. The proposed trust model consists of four parts: direct trust section, indirect trust section, integrated trust section, and trust update section. Based on the trust model, the concept of a secure link in UAVNs is formulated that exists only when there is both a physical link and a trust link between two UAVs. Moreover, the metrics of both the physical connectivity probability and the secure connectivity probability between two UAVs are adopted to analyze the connectivity of UAVNs. We derive accurate and analytical expressions of both the physical connectivity probability and the secure connectivity probability using stochastic geometry with or without Doppler shift. Extensive simulations show that compared with the physical connection probability with or without malicious attacks, the proposed trust model can guarantee secure communication and reliable connectivity between UAVs and enhance network performance when UAVNs face malicious attacks and other security risks.
Yuting, L, Li, C, Zhou, K, Guan, G, Appleton, PL, Lang, S, McGloin, D, Huang, Z & Nabi, G 2018, 'Microscale characterization of prostate biopsies tissues using optical coherence elastography and second harmonic generation imaging', Laboratory Investigation, vol. 98, no. 3, pp. 380-390.
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© 2018 USCAP, Inc All rights reserved. Photonics, especially optical coherence elastography (OCE) and second harmonic generation (SHG) imaging are novel high-resolution imaging modalities for characterization of biological tissues. Following our preliminary experience, we hypothesized that OCE and SHG imaging would delineate the microstructure of prostate tissue and aid in distinguishing cancer from the normal benign prostatic tissue. Furthermore, these approaches may assist in characterization of the grade of cancer, as well. In this study, we confirmed a high diagnostic accuracy of OCE and SHG imaging in the detection and characterization of prostate cancer for a large set of biopsy tissues obtained from men suspected to have prostate cancer using transrectal ultrasound (TRUS). The two techniques and methods described here are complementary, one depicts the stiffness of tissues and the other illustrates the orientation of collagen structure around the cancerous lesions. The results showed that stiffness of cancer tissue was ∼57.63% higher than that of benign tissue (Young's modulus of 698.43±125.29 kPa for cancerous tissue vs 443.07±88.95 kPa for benign tissue with OCE. Using histology as a reference standard and 600 kPa as a cut-off threshold, the data analysis showed sensitivity and specificity of 89.6 and 99.8%, respectively. Corresponding positive and negative predictive values were 99.5 and 94.6%, respectively. There was a significant difference noticed in terms of Young's modulus for different Gleason scores estimated by OCE (P-value<0.05). For SHG, distinct patterns of collagen distribution were seen for different Gleason grade disease with computed quantification employing a ratio of anisotropic to isotropic (A:I ratio) and this correlated with disease aggressiveness.
Zeng, J, Lv, T, Liu, RP, Su, X, Peng, M, Wang, C & Mei, J 2018, 'Investigation on Evolving Single-Carrier NOMA Into Multi-Carrier NOMA in 5G', IEEE Access, vol. 6, pp. 48268-48288.
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© 2013 IEEE. Non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) is one promising technology, which provides high system capacity, low latency, and massive connectivity, to address several challenges in the fifth-generation wireless systems. In this paper, we first reveal that the NOMA techniques have evolved from single-carrier NOMA (SC-NOMA) into multi-carrier NOMA (MC-NOMA). Then, we comprehensively investigated on the basic principles, enabling schemes and evaluations of the two most promising MC-NOMA techniques, namely sparse code multiple access (SCMA) and pattern division multiple access (PDMA). Meanwhile, we consider that the research challenges of SCMA and PDMA might be addressed with the stimulation of the advanced and matured progress in SC-NOMA. Finally, yet importantly, we investigate the emerging applications, and point out the future research trends of the MC-NOMA techniques, which could be straightforwardly inspired by the various deployments of SC-NOMA.
Zha, X, Ni, W, Wang, X, Liu, RP, Guo, YJ, Niu, X & Zheng, K 2018, 'The Impact of Link Duration on the Integrity of Distributed Mobile Networks', IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security, vol. 13, no. 9, pp. 2240-2255.
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© 2005-2012 IEEE. A major challenge in distributed mobile networks is network integrity, resulting from short link duration and severe transmission collisions. This paper analyzes the impact of link duration and transmission collisions on a range of on-the-fly authentication protocols, which operate based on predistributed keys and can instantly verify and forward messages. All unexpired messages within a link duration can be verified retrospectively, once the keys are matched on-the-air. We develop a new general 4D Markov model which, apart from the first three dimensions modeling a cycle of the protocols, is able to unprecedentedly capture unexpired messages between cycles in the fourth dimension. Validated by simulation, our analysis reveals that the on-the-fly authentication is efficient under short link duration, but is susceptible to transmission collisions. The authentication requires holistic cross-layer designs of retransmission and rekeying. The proposed model is able to facilitate the design of the protocol parameters, which allows the protocols to significantly outperform the state of the art.
Zhang, G, Piccardi, M & Borzeshi, EZ 2018, 'Sequential Labeling With Structural SVM Under Nondecomposable Losses', IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks and Learning Systems, vol. 29, no. 9, pp. 4177-4188.
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IEEE Sequential labeling addresses the classification of sequential data, which are widespread in fields as diverse as computer vision, finance, and genomics. The model traditionally used for sequential labeling is the hidden Markov model (HMM), where the sequence of class labels to be predicted is encoded as a Markov chain. In recent years, HMMs have benefited from minimum-loss training approaches, such as the structural support vector machine (SSVM), which, in many cases, has reported higher classification accuracy. However, the loss functions available for training are restricted to decomposable cases, such as the 0-1 loss and the Hamming loss. In many practical cases, other loss functions, such as those based on the F & #x2081; measure, the precision/recall break-even point, and the average precision (AP), can describe desirable performance more effectively. For this reason, in this paper, we propose a training algorithm for SSVM that can minimize any loss based on the classification contingency table, and we present a training algorithm that minimizes an AP loss. Experimental results over a set of diverse and challenging data sets (TUM Kitchen, CMU Multimodal Activity, and Ozone Level Detection) show that the proposed training algorithms achieve significant improvements of the F & #x2081; measure and AP compared with the conventional SSVM, and their performance is in line with or above that of other state-of-the-art sequential labeling approaches.
Zhang, H & Xu, M 2018, 'Recognition of Emotions in User-Generated Videos With Kernelized Features', IEEE Transactions on Multimedia, vol. 20, no. 10, pp. 2824-2835.
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© 1999-2012 IEEE. Recognition of emotions in user-generated videos has attracted increasing research attention. Most existing approaches are based on spatial features extracted from video frames. However, due to the broad affective gap between spatial features of images and high-level emotions, the performance of existing approaches is restricted. To bridge the affective gap, we propose recognizing emotions in user-generated videos with kernelized features. We reformulate the equation of the discrete Fourier transform as a linear kernel function and construct a polynomial kernel function based on the linear kernel. The polynomial kernel is applied to spatial features of video frames to generate kernelized features. Compared with spatial features, kernelized features show superior discriminative capability. Moreover, we are the first to apply the sparse representation method to reduce the impact of noise contained in videos; this method helps contribute to performance improvement. Extensive experiments are conducted on two challenging benchmark datasets, that is, VideoEmotion-8 and Ekman-6. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method achieves state-of-the-art performance.
Zhang, J, Dorrell, DG, Li, L & Guo, Y 2018, 'Decoupling Controller Design and Controllable Regions Analysis for the Space Vector Modulated Matrix Converter-Unified Power Flow Controller in Transmission Systems', Electric Power Components and Systems, vol. 46, no. 1, pp. 1-14.
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© 2018, Copyright © Taylor & Francis Group, LLC. The flexible alternating current transmission systems (FACTS) devices are essential components of the transmission system to enhance the controllability and elevate the transfer capacity of the network. The unified power flow controller is known as the most versatile device in the FACTS family. This work studies a distinctive unified power flow controller (UPFC) structure based on the direct matrix converter to regulate the active and reactive power in a transmission system. In contrast to the conventional UPFC, there is no requirement for a bulky energy storage element in this structure. This results in various benefits including: decreased system volume, improved efficiency, prolonged lifetime, reduced maintenance and removal of the DC-link control. The full power controllable regions are analyzed and graphically obtained for the MC-UPFC, which facilitates the selection of proper UPFC ratings. The working principles and a model of the MC-UPFC are put forward and discussed, followed by explanations of direct space vector modulation (SVM) for this application. Based on the SVM modulation scheme, PID controllers are developed to control power flows in a double-line transmission system. In addition, decoupling controllers are derived by feeding back the coupling components into controllers. The numerical simulation results for a double-line transmission system corroborate the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposition.
Zhang, J, Li, L & Dorrell, D 2018, 'Control and applications of direct matrix converters: A review', Chinese Journal of Electrical Engineering, vol. 4, no. 2, pp. 18-27.
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In recent decades, the matrix converter (MC) has emerged as a promising AC/AC converter that performs the direct AC-to-AC conversion. Because of its attractive features such as compact volume, bidirectional power flow, controllable input power factor and sinusoidal waveforms, there has been an increase in MC related research work. Many control techniques have been proposed to control MCs and many potential applications have been investigated. This paper presents the state-of-the-art review in the recent development of control strategies and applications of MCs, starting with MC fundamentals. Some relevant simulation and experimental results are presented to show the performance of the corresponding controllers in specific applications. A wide range of control techniques and potential application fields are covered. Industrial products and modules are also discussed. Comparisons of different control strategies and different applications are summarized and presented. It is concluded that the MC is a promising converter and more research and industry interest is expected, particularly in AC motor drives and renewable energy microgrids.
Zhang, J, Yang, H, Wang, T, Li, L, Dorrell, DG & Lu, DD 2018, 'Field‐oriented control based on hysteresis band current controller for a permanent magnet synchronous motor driven by a direct matrix converter', IET Power Electronics, vol. 11, no. 7, pp. 1277-1285.
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© 2018, The Institution of Engineering and Technology. The hysteresis band controller offers excellent dynamic performance. It has been widely researched and applied to the voltage source inverter and inverter fed drives, however it has not been investigated within the context of a matrix converter or a matrix converter based motor drive. In this study, both fixed-band and sinusoidal-band hysteresis current controllers are proposed and developed for a direct matrix converter. A comprehensive comparative evaluation of the two methods is then carried out. Both methods have fast dynamic performance and they inherently integrate the line modulation technique of the virtual rectifier stage into the overall modulation. Surge currents are prevented with the proposed scheme. The sinusoidal-band hysteresis controller demonstrates lower total harmonic distortion at the expense of higher average switching frequency, which is only significantly observable at very high sampling frequencies. The proposed controller is integrated with the field-oriented control to drive a matrix converter fed permanent magnet synchronous machine. The proposed methods are simple and incur a light computational burden, which advances the practical applications of matrix converters in AC motor drives. The simulation and experiment results demonstrate the effectiveness and feasibility of the proposed scheme.
Zhang, JA, Huang, X, Guo, YJ, Yuan, J & Jr, RWH 2018, 'Multibeam for Joint Communication and Sensing Using Steerable Analog Antenna Arrays', IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology,2019, vol. 68, no. 1, pp. 671-685.
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Beamforming has great potential for joint communication and sensing (JCAS),which is becoming a demanding feature on many emerging platforms such asunmanned aerial vehicles and smart cars. Although beamforming has beenextensively studied for communication and radar sensing respectively, itsapplication in the joint system is not straightforward due to differentbeamforming requirements by communication and sensing. In this paper, wepropose a novel multibeam framework using steerable analog antenna arrays,which allows seamless integration of communication and sensing. Different toconventional JCAS schemes that support JCAS using a single beam, our frameworkis based on the key innovation of multibeam technology: providing fixed subbeamfor communication and packet-varying scanning subbeam for sensing,simultaneously from a single transmitting array. We provide a systemarchitecture and protocols for the proposed framework, complying well withmodern packet communication systems with multicarrier modulation. We alsopropose low-complexity and effective multibeam design and generation methods,which offer great flexibility in meeting different communication and sensingrequirements. We further develop sensing parameter estimation algorithms usingconventional digital Fourier transform and 1D compressive sensing techniques,matching well with the multibeam framework. Simulation results are provided andvalidate the effectiveness of our proposed framework, beamforming designmethods and the sensing algorithms.
Zhang, T, Bao, J, Cai, Z, Yang, Y, Zhu, H, Zhu, X & Dutkiewicz, E 2018, 'A <inline-formula> <tex-math notation='LaTeX'>$C$ </tex-math> </inline-formula>-Band Compact Wideband Bandpass Filter With High Selectivity and Improved Return Loss', IEEE Microwave and Wireless Components Letters, vol. 28, no. 9, pp. 777-779.
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© 2001-2012 IEEE. In this letter, a C-band compact wideband bandpass filter (BPF) with high selectivity and improved return loss (RL) is proposed. Two pairs of short-circuited stubs are employed on a transmission-line model to generate three transmission poles and two transmission zeros (TZs), where the odd-and even-mode analysis is used to analyze the resonant frequencies of the BPF. By applying the transversal signal-interference technique, two additional TZs can be generated in the upper and lower stopbands, respectively. The measured results show that the 3-dB fractional bandwidth is 62.8% at the center frequency of 5 GHz. The RL and the insertion loss within the passband are better than 22 and 0.6 dB, respectively. Moreover, the roll-off rate is up to 100 dB/GHz.
Zhang, T, Gao, X, Du, J & Guo, YJ 2018, 'Full EM Design Method For HTS MMIC Josephson Mixers', IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, vol. 28, no. 4, pp. 1-5.
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© 2002-2011 IEEE. We report the full electromagnetic (EM) design and simulation method, and applied it to develop a 34-GHz high-temperature superconducting (HTS) microwave monolithic integrated circuit Josephson mixer. The mixer is modeled in EM simulation software, high-frequency simulation structural simulator, with the junction area modeled as an excitation port with frequency-dependent impedance. Impedance matching between the junction and RF/IF ports is then optimized accordingly. Module design is carried out for the optimized HTS Josephson mixer, and the cavity resonance issue is investigated and eliminated. The HTS mixer module was experimentally developed and measured to verify the simulation. The measured frequency response of the conversion gain agrees with the simulation results of combined RF and IF transmission loss.
Zhang, T, Jia, W, Gong, C, Sun, J & Song, X 2018, 'Semi-supervised dictionary learning via local sparse constraints for violence detection', Pattern Recognition Letters, vol. 107, pp. 98-104.
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© 2017 Elsevier B.V. In this paper, we propose a novel semi-supervised learning framework for violence detection in video surveillance. With this framework, a classifier which distinguishes violent behavior from normal behavior can be trained using inexpensive unlabeled data with the assistance of human operators. Our approach can learn a single dictionary and a predictive linear classifier jointly. Specifically, we integrate the reconstruction error of labeled and unlabeled data, representation constraints and the coefficient incoherence into an objective function for dictionary learning, which enhances the representative and discriminative power of the established dictionary. This has contributed to that the dictionary and the classifier learned from the labeled set yield very small generalization error on unseen data. Experimental results on benchmark datasets have demonstrated the effectiveness of our approach in violence detection.
Zhang, T, Li, J, Jia, W, Sun, J & Yang, H 2018, 'Fast and robust occluded face detection in ATM surveillance', Pattern Recognition Letters, vol. 107, pp. 33-40.
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© 2017 Elsevier B.V. Crimes with respect to ATMs (Automatic Teller Machines) have attracted more and more attention, where criminals deliberately cover their faces in order to avoid being identified. This paper proposes a fast and robust face occlusion detection algorithm for ATM surveillance, which is demonstrated to be effective and efficient to handle arbitrarily occluded faces. In this algorithm, we innovatively propose to make use of the Omega shape formed by the head and shoulder of the person for head localization to tackle severe face occlusion. For this purpose, we first construct a novel energy function for elliptical head contour detection. Then, we develop a fast and robust head tracking algorithm, which utilizes the gradient and shape cues in a Bayesian framework. Lastly, to verify whether a detected head is occluded or not, we propose to fuse information from both skin color and face structure using the AdaBoost algorithm. Experimental results on real world data show that our proposed algorithm can achieve 98.64% accuracy on face detection and 98.56% accuracy on face occlusion detection, even though there are severe occlusions in faces, at a speed of up to 12 frames per second.
Zhang, T, Zou, J & Jia, W 2018, 'Fast and robust road sign detection in driver assistance systems', Applied Intelligence, vol. 48, no. 11, pp. 4113-4127.
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© 2018, Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature. Road sign detection plays a critical role in automatic driver assistance systems. Road signs possess a number of unique visual qualities in images due to their specific colors and symmetric shapes. In this paper, road signs are detected by a two-level hierarchical framework that considers both color and shape of the signs. To address the problem of low image contrast, we propose a new color visual saliency segmentation algorithm, which uses the ratios of enhanced and normalized color values to capture color information. To improve computation efficiency and reduce false alarm rate, we modify the fast radial symmetry transform (RST) algorithm, and propose to use an edge pairwise voting scheme to group feature points based on their underlying symmetry in the candidate regions. Experimental results on several benchmarking datasets demonstrate the superiority of our method over the state-of-the-arts on both efficiency and robustness.
Zhang, X, Lin, J, Chen, Z, Sun, F, Zhu, X & Fang, G 2018, 'An Efficient Neural-Network-Based Microseismic Monitoring Platform for Hydraulic Fracture on an Edge Computing Architecture', Sensors, vol. 18, no. 6, pp. 1828-1828.
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© 2018 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. Microseismic monitoring is one of the most critical technologies for hydraulic fracturing in oil and gas production. To detect events in an accurate and efficient way, there are two major challenges. One challenge is how to achieve high accuracy due to a poor signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). The other one is concerned with real-time data transmission. Taking these challenges into consideration, an edge-computing-based platform, namely Edge-to-Center LearnReduce, is presented in this work. The platform consists of a data center with many edge components. At the data center, a neural network model combined with convolutional neural network (CNN) and long short-term memory (LSTM) is designed and this model is trained by using previously obtained data. Once the model is fully trained, it is sent to edge components for events detection and data reduction. At each edge component, a probabilistic inference is added to the neural network model to improve its accuracy. Finally, the reduced data is delivered to the data center. Based on experiment results, a high detection accuracy (over 96%) with less transmitted data (about 90%) was achieved by using the proposed approach on a microseismic monitoring system. These results show that the platform can simultaneously improve the accuracy and efficiency of microseismic monitoring.
Zhang, X, Lv, T, Ni, W, Cioffi, JM, Beaulieu, NC & Guo, YJ 2018, 'Energy-Efficient Caching for Scalable Videos in Heterogeneous Networks', IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications, vol. 36, no. 8, pp. 1802-1815.
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© 1983-2012 IEEE. By suppressing repeated content deliveries, wireless caching has the potential to substantially improve the energy efficiency (EE) of the fifth-generation communication networks. In this paper, we propose two novel energy-efficient caching schemes in heterogeneous networks, namely, scalable video coding (SVC)-based fractional caching and SVC-based random caching, which can provide on-demand video services with different perceptual qualities. We derive the expressions for successful transmission probabilities and ergodic service rates. Based on the derivations and the established power consumption models, the EE maximization problems are formulated for the two proposed caching schemes. By taking logarithmic approximations of the l0-norm, the problems are efficiently solved by the standard gradient projection method. Numerical results validate the theoretical analysis and demonstrate the superiority of our proposed caching schemes, compared to three benchmark strategies.
Zhang, Y, Aughterson, R, Karatchevtseva, I, Kong, L, Tran, TT, Čejka, J, Aharonovich, I & Lumpkin, GR 2018, 'Uranyl oxide hydrate phases with heavy lanthanide ions: [Ln(UO2)2O3(OH)]·0.5H2O (Ln = Tb, Dy, Ho and Yb)', New Journal of Chemistry, vol. 42, no. 15, pp. 12386-12393.
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Four iso-structured uranyl oxide hydrate phases containing heavy lanthanide ions have been synthesized under hydrothermal conditions and characterized.
Zhang, Y, Cui, Q, Ni, W & Zhang, P 2018, 'Energy-Efficient Transmission of Hybrid Array With Non-Ideal Power Amplifiers and Circuitry', IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications, vol. 17, no. 6, pp. 3945-3958.
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Zhang, Z, Chen, J, Wu, Q & Shao, L 2018, 'GII Representation-Based Cross-View Gait Recognition by Discriminative Projection With List-Wise Constraints', IEEE Transactions on Cybernetics, vol. 48, no. 10, pp. 2935-2947.
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© 2017 IEEE. Remote person identification by gait is one of the most important topics in the field of computer vision and pattern recognition. However, gait recognition suffers severely from the appearance variance caused by the view change. It is very common that gait recognition has a high performance when the view is fixed but the performance will have a sharp decrease when the view variance becomes significant. Existing approaches have tried all kinds of strategies like tensor analysis or view transform models to slow down the trend of performance decrease but still have potential for further improvement. In this paper, a discriminative projection with list-wise constraints (DPLC) is proposed to deal with view variance in cross-view gait recognition, which has been further refined by introducing a rectification term to automatically capture the principal discriminative information. The DPLC with rectification (DPLCR) embeds list-wise relative similarity measurement among intraclass and inner-class individuals, which can learn a more discriminative and robust projection. Based on the original DPLCR, we have introduced the kernel trick to exploit nonlinear cross-view correlations and extended DPLCR to deal with the problem of multiview gait recognition. Moreover, a simple yet efficient gait representation, namely gait individuality image (GII), based on gait energy image is proposed, which could better capture the discriminative information for cross view gait recognition. Experiments have been conducted in the CASIA-B database and the experimental results demonstrate the outstanding performance of both the DPLCR framework and the new GII representation. It is shown that the DPLCR-based cross-view gait recognition has outperformed the-state-of-the-art approaches in almost all cases under large view variance. The combination of the GII representation and the DPLCR has further enhanced the performance to be a new benchmark for cross-view gait recognition.
Zhao, J, Mao, X & Zhang, J 2018, 'Learning deep facial expression features from image and optical flow sequences using 3D CNN', The Visual Computer, vol. 34, no. 10, pp. 1461-1475.
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© 2018, Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature. Facial expression is highly correlated with the facial motion. According to whether the temporal information of facial motion is used or not, the facial expression features can be classified as static and dynamic features. The former, which mainly includes the geometric features and appearance features, can be extracted by convolution or other learning filters; the latter, which are aimed to model the dynamic properties of facial motion, can be calculated through optical flow or other methods, respectively. When 3D convolutional neural networks (CNNs) are introduced, the extraction of two different types of features mentioned above becomes easy. In this paper, one 3D CNN architecture is presented to learn the static and dynamic features from facial image sequences and extract high-level dynamic features from optical flow sequences. Two types of dense optical flow, which contain the tracking information of facial muscle movement, are calculated according to different image pair construction methods. One is the common optical flow, and the other is an enhanced optical flow which is called accumulative optical flow. Four components of each type of optical flow are used in experiments. Three databases, two acted databases and one nearly realistic database, are selected to conduct the experiments. The experiments on the two acted databases achieve state-of-the-art accuracy, and indicate that the vertical component of optical flow has an advantage over other components in recognizing facial expression. The experimental results on the three selected databases show that more discriminative features can be learned from image sequences than from optical flow or accumulative optical flow sequences, and the accumulative optical flow contains more motion information than optical flow if the frame distance of the image pairs used to calculate them is not too large.
Zhao, N, Yang, X, Ren, A, Zhang, Z, Zhao, W, Hu, F, Ur Rehman, M, Abbas, H & Abolhasan, M 2018, 'Antenna and Propagation Considerations for Amateur UAV Monitoring', IEEE Access, vol. 6, pp. 28001-28007.
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© 2013 IEEE. The broad application spectrum of unmanned aerial vehicles is making them one of the most promising technologies of Internet of Things era. Proactive prevention for public safety threats is one of the key areas with vast potential of surveillance and monitoring drones. Antennas play a vital role in such applications to establish reliable communication in these scenarios. This paper considers line-of-sight and non-line-of-sight threat scenarios with the perspective of antennas and electromagnetic wave propagation.
Zhao, S, Cheng, E, Qiu, X, Burnett, I & Chia-chun Liu, J 2018, 'Spatial decorrelation of wind noise with porous microphone windscreens', The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, vol. 143, no. 1, pp. 330-339.
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This paper explores the wind noise reduction mechanism of porous microphone windscreens by investigating the spatial correlation of wind noise. First, the spatial structure of the wind noise signal is studied by simulating the magnitude squared coherence of the pressure measured with two microphones at various separation distances, and it is found that the coherence of the two signals decreases with the separation distance and the wind noise is spatially correlated only within a certain distance less than the turbulence wavelength. Then, the wind noise reduction of the porous microphone windscreen is investigated, and the porous windscreen is found to be the most effective in attenuating wind noise in a certain frequency range, where the windscreen diameter is approximately 2 to 4 times the turbulence wavelengths (2 < D0/ξ < 4), regardless of the wind speed and windscreen diameter. The spatial coherence between the wind noise outside and inside a porous microphone windscreen is compared with that without the windscreen, and the coherence is found to decrease significantly when the windscreen diameter is approximately 2 to 4 times the turbulence wavelengths, corresponding to the most effective wind noise reduction frequency range of the windscreen. Experimental results with a fan are presented to support the simulations. It is concluded that the wind noise reduction mechanism of porous microphone windscreens is related to the spatial decorrelation effect on the wind noise signals provided by the porous material and structure.
Zhao, S, Dabin, M, Cheng, E, Qiu, X, Burnett, I & Liu, JC-C 2018, 'Mitigating wind noise with a spherical microphone array', The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, vol. 144, no. 6, pp. 3211-3220.
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This paper utilizes a rigid spherical microphone array to reduce wind noise. In the experiments conducted, a loudspeaker is used to reproduce the desired sound signal and an axial fan is employed to generate wind noise in an anechoic chamber. The sound signal and wind noise are measured separately with the spherical microphone array and analyzed in the spherical harmonic domain. The wind noise is found to be irregularly distributed in the spherical harmonic domain, distinct from the sound signal which is concentrated in the first few spherical harmonic modes. This difference is utilized to reduce wind noise without degrading the desired sound pressure level (SPL) by use of a low pass filter method in the spherical harmonic domain. Experimental results with both single-tonal and multi-tonal sound signals demonstrate that the proposed method can reduce wind noise by more than 10 dB in the frequency range below 500 Hz. The SPL of the desired sound signal can be extracted from wind noise with an error within 1.0 dB, even when the sound level is 8 dB lower than wind noise.
Zheng, D, Zhang, H, Zhang, JA & Su, SW 2018, 'Stability Analysis for Switched Systems with Sequence-based Average Dwell Time', International Journal of Control, pp. 1-9.
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This note investigates the stability of both linear and nonlinear switchedsystems with average dwell time. Two new analysis methods are proposed.Different from existing approaches, the proposed methods take into account thesequence in which the subsystems are switched. Depending on the predecessor orsuccessor subsystems to be considered, sequence-based average preceding dwelltime (SBAPDT) and sequence-based average subsequence dwell time (SBASDT)approaches are proposed and discussed for both continuous and discrete timesystems. These proposed methods, when considering the switch sequence, have thepotential to further reduce the conservativeness of the existing approaches. Acomparative numerical example is also given to demonstrate the advantages ofthe proposed approaches.
Zheng, D, Zhang, H, Zhang, JA & Wang, G 2018, 'Consensus of multi-agent systems with faults and mismatches under switched topologies using a delta operator method', Neurocomputing, vol. 315, pp. 198-209.
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© 2018 Elsevier B.V. This paper studies the consensus of multi-agent systems with faults and mismatches under switched topologies using a delta operator method. Since faults and mismatches can result in failure of the consensus even for a fixed topology with a spanning tree, how to reach a consensus is a complicated and challenging problem under such circumstances especially when part topologies have no spanning tree. Although some works studied the influence of faults and mismatches on the consensus, there is little work on reaching a consensus for the multi-agent systems with faults and mismatches. In this paper, we introduce the delta operator to unify the consensus analysis for continuous, discrete, or sampled systems under one framework. We develop the theories on the delta operator systems first and then apply theories of the delta operator systems to the consensus problems. By converting the consensus problems into stability problems, we investigate and prove consensus and the associated conditions for systems 1) without any fault, 2) with a known fault, and 3) with unknown faults, under switching topologies with matching or mismatching coefficients. Numerical examples are provided and validate the effectiveness of the theoretical results.
Zheng, L, Zhu, J, Lu, DD-C, Wang, G & He, T 2018, 'Incremental capacity analysis and differential voltage analysis based state of charge and capacity estimation for lithium-ion batteries', Energy, vol. 150, pp. 759-769.
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© 2018 Elsevier Ltd The reliability and safety of battery operations necessitate an efficient battery management system (BMS) with accurate battery state of charge (SOC) and capacity estimation techniques. This paper investigates the incremental capacity analysis (ICA) and differential voltage analysis (DVA) methods for onboard battery SOC and capacity estimation. Since the conventional cell terminal voltage based ICA/DVA methods are sensitive to the changed battery resistance and polarization during battery aging processes, the SOC based ICA/DVA methods are proposed to address this problem as so to accurately identify features of interest on incremental capacity (IC) and differential voltage (DV) curves for applications. Three feature points (FPs) that are potential to be easily identified by battery management systems are extracted from the SOC based IC/DV curves, and then the relations between FPs and cell SOCs/capacities are quantified and applied for battery SOC and capacity estimation. The robustness of the proposed approach against various aging levels and erroneous cumulative capacities is evaluated. Promising results with the maximum absolute error of 1.0% and the relative error of 2.0% can be achieved for battery SOC and capacity estimation, respectively.
Zheng, L, Zhu, J, Wang, G, Lu, DD-C & He, T 2018, 'Differential voltage analysis based state of charge estimation methods for lithium-ion batteries using extended Kalman filter and particle filter', Energy, vol. 158, pp. 1028-1037.
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© 2018 Elsevier Ltd Accurate battery state of charge (SOC) estimation can contribute to safe and reliable utilization of the battery. However, commonly used battery model-based SOC estimation methods suffer from the lack of a universal battery model for cells in a battery pack since the model parameters of each cell are inevitably different from each other and variable with battery aging, leading to difficulties in promoting the model-based methods for real applications. To solve this problem, a differential voltage (DV) analysis based universal battery model and two associated SOC estimation algorithms using extended Kalman filter (EKF) and particle filter (PF), respectively, are proposed in this paper. By means of a natural cubic interpolation approach, a battery SOC-DV model is firstly derived from the SOC based DV curves of various cells at different aging levels. A novel battery model-based scheme is then proposed to incorporate the SOC-DV model for the estimation. The robustness of the proposed approaches against different cell aging levels is evaluated, and the promising SOC estimates with the maximum absolute error of 1.75% and the root mean square error of less than 1.10% can be achieved.
Zheng, L, Zhu, J, Wang, G, Lu, DD-C & He, T 2018, 'Lithium-ion Battery Instantaneous Available Power Prediction Using Surface Lithium Concentration of Solid Particles in a Simplified Electrochemical Model', IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, vol. 33, no. 11, pp. 9551-9560.
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© 1986-2012 IEEE. Accurate battery power capability prediction can contribute to reliable and sufficient utilization of the battery to absorb or deliver a certain amount of power within its safe operating area. The power capability of a battery is a finite quantity that is limited by the electrochemical reaction properties occurring inside the battery. Note that the instantaneous available power of the battery is strongly related to the surface lithium concentration of solid particles in battery electrodes, but their relationship has not been explored sufficiently yet. This paper proposes a novel method for battery instantaneous available power prediction using a practical physical limit (i.e., lithium concentration limit) rather than the limits of macroscopically observed variables, such as the cell terminal voltage and current, thus providing a direct insight into electrochemical processes inside batteries. The surface lithium concentration of the solid particle is derived from a simplified battery electrochemical model, and a relationship between battery instantaneous available power and surface lithium concentration is quantified for the power capability prediction. Promising results with small forecast errors can be achieved for battery charging and discharging at different cell aging levels and ambient temperatures, which highlights the superior accuracy and robustness of the proposed method.
Zhong, Y, Dutkiewicz, E, Yang, Y, Zhu, X, Zhou, Z & Jiang, T 2018, 'Internet of Mission-Critical Things: Human and Animal Classification—A Device-Free Sensing Approach', IEEE Internet of Things Journal, vol. 5, no. 5, pp. 3369-3377.
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© 2014 IEEE. The well-known Internet of Things (IoT) is recently being considered for critical missions, such as search and rescue, surveillance, and border patrol. One of the most critical issues that these applications are currently facing is how to correctly distinguish between human and animal targets in a cost-effective way. In this paper, we present a relatively low-cost, but robust approach that uses a combination of device-free sensing (DFS) and machine-learning technologies to tackle this issue. In order to validate the feasibility of the presented approach, a variety of data is collected in a cornfield using impulse-radio ultra-wideband (IR-UWB) transceivers. These data are then used to investigate the influence of different statistical properties of the radio-frequency (RF) signal on the accuracy of human/animal target classification. Based on the probability density function of different statistical properties, two distinguishing features for target classification are found, namely, standard deviation and root mean spread delay spread. Using them, the impact on the classification accuracy due to different classifiers, number of training samples, and different values of signal-To-noise ratio is extensively verified. Even with the worst case, the classification accuracy of the system is still better than 91% in terms of distinguishing between human and animal targets (including goats and dogs), which indicates that the presented approach has a great potential to be deployed in the near future.
Zhong, Y, Yang, Y, Zhu, X, Huang, Y, Dutkiewicz, E, Zhou, Z & Jiang, T 2018, 'Impact of Seasonal Variations on Foliage Penetration Experiment: A WSN-Based Device-Free Sensing Approach', IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, vol. 56, no. 9, pp. 5035-5045.
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© 2018 IEEE. Foliage penetration (FOPEN) has been found to be a critical mission for a variety of applications, ranging from surveillance to military. Recently, an emerging technology, namely wireless sensor network (WSN)-based device-free sensing (DFS), has been introduced to the domain of FOPEN. This technology only utilizes radio-frequency signals for target detection and classification; thus, no additional hardware is required, just a wireless transceiver. Although the feasibility of using this technology for human detection indoors has been explored to some extent, it is questionable if the same technology can be transferred to outdoors. As far as FOPEN is concerned, the impact of seasonal variations on detection accuracy can be severe. To address this concern, in this paper, an experiment is conducted in four seasons, and how to ensure reasonable detection accuracy with seasonal variations is intensively investigated. To fully evaluate the potential of using the WSN-based DFS for FOPEN, an impulse-radio ultrawideband technology-based prototype is used to collect data samples in different seasons. Unlike the conventional approach based on a combination of statistical properties of received-signal strength and a support vector machine, this approach adopts two special measures for performance enhancement. One measure is to use a higher order cumulant (HOC) algorithm for feature extraction, so that the impact on detection accuracy due to unwanted clutters can be minimized. The other one is to determine the optimal parameters of the classifier by means of a flower pollination algorithm. Consequently, the adverse effects on detection accuracy due to variations of weather conditions in four seasons can be accommodated. According to the experimental result, it is shown that the average classification accuracy of the presented approach can be improved by at least 20% under all seasons with an ensured robustness.
Zhou, Y, Zheng, K, Ni, W & Liu, RP 2018, 'Elastic Switch Migration for Control Plane Load Balancing in SDN', IEEE Access, vol. 6, pp. 3909-3919.
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© 2013 IEEE. Software-defined network (SDN) provides a solution for the scalable network framework with decoupled control and data plane. Migrating switches can balance the resource utilization of controllers and improve network performance. Switch migration problem has to date been formulated as a resource utilization maximization problem to address the scalability of the control plane. However, this problem is NP-hard with high-computational complexities and without addressing the security challenges of the control plane. In this paper, we propose a switch migration method, which interprets switch migration as a signature matching problem and is formulated as a 3-D earth mover's distance model to protect strategically important controllers in the network. Considering the scalability, we further propose a heuristic method which is time-efficient and suitable to large-scale networks. Simulation results show that our proposed methods can disguise strategically important controllers by diminishing the difference of traffic load between controllers. Moreover, our proposed methods can significantly relieve the traffic pressure of controllers and prevent saturation attacks.
Zhu, H & Abbosh, AM 2018, 'A Compact Tunable Directional Coupler with Continuously Tuned Differential Phase', IEEE Microwave and Wireless Components Letters, vol. 28, no. 1, pp. 19-21.
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© 2001-2012 IEEE. A tunable directional coupler with outputs that have continuously tuned phase difference and constant magnitude is presented. The initial design is based on a 3-dB branch-line coupler with two arms having variable electrical lengths. To realize the variable-length lines, a novel concept of tunable phase shifting unit, which includes a pair of inductor-varactor loaded coupled lines, is proposed. By controlling the shifting phase of the two arms, the differential phase (i.e., the phase difference between the two output ports) can be tuned continuously. Explicit relation between the objective differential phase of the device and the required shifting phase of those units is analyzed and explained. To validate the design, a prototype is built, simulated, and tested. The experimental and predicted results agree well and show that the device can realize arbitrary and continuously tunable differential phase from 45° to 135°. The overall size of the design is only 0.18 λ{g} \times 0.24 λ{g} , which is extremely compact compared with using a cascaded coupler-phase shifters and is thus suitable for miniaturized wireless systems.
Zhu, H, Abbosh, AM & Guo, L 2018, 'Planar In-Phase Filtering Power Divider With Tunable Power Division and Controllable Band for Wireless Communication Systems', IEEE Transactions on Components, Packaging and Manufacturing Technology, vol. 8, no. 8, pp. 1458-1468.
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© 2011-2012 IEEE. A wideband in-phase power divider with tunable power division ratio (PDR) and filtering response is presented. The proposed design is quite compact and consists of a three-line coupled structure and loaded with a pair of varactor-loaded short-ended stubs at two output terminations. A variable power division is realized by tuning the coupling factors between the centerline and sidelines of the three-line coupled structure using a pair of varactors. A varactor at the center of the loaded short-ended stub and another one connecting the end of the stub to the ground is used to control the center frequency and band of operation. A prototype is modeled using the microstrip technique and then simulated and tested. The experimental result indicates a tunability of PDR from 0.5:1 to 2:1 across wideband range of 60% and a controllable band from 35% to 63.2%, with 13% center frequency tunability, sharp passband cutoff selectivity, as well as harmonic suppression to more than 6 GHz (4 times the center frequency). Moreover, the overall loss is around 1-1.2 dB; the isolation is more than 14 dB, whereas the differential phase is less than 7° in all the investigated cases.
Zhu, H, Yang, Y, Zhu, X, Sun, Y & Wong, S-W 2018, 'Miniaturized Resonator and Bandpass Filter for Silicon-Based Monolithic Microwave and Millimeter-Wave Integrated Circuits', IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I: Regular Papers, vol. 65, no. 12, pp. 4062-4071.
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© 2018 IEEE. This paper introduces a unique approach for the implementation of a miniaturized on-chip resonator and its application for the first-order bandpass filter (BPF) design. This approach utilizes a combination of a broadside-coupling technique and a split-ring structure. To fully understand the principle behind it, simplified LC equivalent-circuit models are provided. By analyzing these models, guidelines for implementation of an ultra-compact resonator and a BPF are given. To further demonstrate the feasibility of using this approach in practice, both the implemented resonator and the filter are fabricated in a standard 0.13-μm (Bi)-CMOS technology. The measured results show that the resonator can generate a resonance at 66.75 GHz, while the BPF has a center frequency at 40 GHz and an insertion loss of 1.7 dB. The chip size of both the resonator and the BPF, excluding the pads, is only 0.012mm2 (0.08 × 0.144 mm2).
Zhu, H, Zhu, X, Yang, Y & Xue, Q 2018, 'Design of Wideband Third-Order Bandpass Filters Using Broadside-Coupled Resonators in 0.13-$\mu$ m (Bi)-CMOS Technology', IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques, vol. 66, no. 12, pp. 5593-5604.
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© 2018 IEEE. In this paper, two third-order bandpass filters (BPFs) designed for millimeter-wave applications are presented. Unlike previously published ones, the proposed designs use a 'cell-based' approach, which utilizes identical broadside-coupled resonators (BCRs) with series and shunt capacitors. The capacitors are mainly used as J -inverters to achieve the desired frequency responses. To fully understand the operational mechanism of the presented approach, both the BCR and BPFs are analyzed using the simplified LC-equivalent circuit models. To prove the concept, both BPFs are implemented in a standard 0.13- μm silicon-germanium bipolar complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor technology. According to the on-wafer measurement results, the BPFs exhibit the excellent performance including flat in-band responses with relatively large harmonic suppression. The first design has a 1-dB bandwidth from 23.9 to 39.7 GHz with an insertion loss of 3.9 dB at the center frequency of 31 GHz. The stopband attenuation is better than 45 dB at 58 GHz. The 1-dB bandwidth of the second design covers from 26.7 to 44.3 GHz with an insertion loss of 3.1 dB at the center frequency of 35 GHz, and stopband attenuation up to 35 dB is achieved at 59 GHz. Both designs occupy an identical area of 0.073 mm 2 (0.248×0.294 mm 2 ), excluding the G-S-G testing pads.
Zhu, M, He, B & Wu, Q 2018, 'Single Image Dehazing Based on Dark Channel Prior and Energy Minimization', IEEE Signal Processing Letters, vol. 25, no. 2, pp. 174-178.
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© 2017 IEEE. Hazy images have limited visibility and low contrast. The degradation is expressed by transmission map, which is one of the most important estimates of single image dehazing. Transmission map estimation is an underconstraint problem, and lots of priors have been proposed. Among them, the dark channel prior is widely recognized. However, traditional methods have not fully exploited its power due to improper assumptions or operations, which cause unwanted artifacts. The postrefinement algorithms employed to remove these artifacts in turn undermine the merits of the prior. In this letter, a novel method for estimating transmission map by energy minimization is proposed to solve this problem. The energy function combines the dark channel prior with piecewise smoothness. The method is compared to the state-of-the-art methods and shows outstanding performance.
Zhu, R, Xu, W, Ye, C, Zhu, J, Lei, G & Li, X 2018, 'Design Optimization of a Novel Heteropolar Radial Hybrid Magnetic Bearing Using Magnetic Circuit Model', IEEE Transactions on Magnetics, vol. 54, no. 3, pp. 1-5.
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© 2017 IEEE. In this paper, one novel heteropolar radial hybrid magnetic bearing (HRHMB) with low-power loss is proposed for flywheel energy storage system. First, its structure and equivalent magnetic circuit (EMC) are introduced in detail. Then, some main design parameters are analyzed based on EMC, including air-gap bias flux density, magnetic pole area, permanent magnet (PM) dimensions, and control current. Furthermore, to improve the performances of the novel HRHMB, the optimizations are implemented both on its structure and some key size parameters, such as the second air-gap length, PM height, and width. Finally, the optimal scheme is verified by the 3-D finite-element analysis, which indicates the maximum control current can be reduced to only 40% that of initial design by the optimizations.
Zou, J, Xu, W, Zhu, J & Liu, Y 2018, 'Low-Complexity Finite Control Set Model Predictive Control With Current Limit for Linear Induction Machines', IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, vol. 65, no. 12, pp. 9243-9254.
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© 1982-2012 IEEE. In order to limit the armature current within a safe region, this paper proposes a finite control set model predictive control (FCS-MPC) method for linear induction machines (LIMs) by adding a penalty overcurrent term in the cost function. The modulation strategies based on two and three voltage vectors are combined with FCS-MPC so as to reduce the current ripples and steady-state tracking errors. Three different search methods have been developed to help reduce the computational burden by excluding many unsuitable participating voltage vectors and combinations in advance. These search methods are also effective for FCS-MPC with current limit. Finally, some key performance indexes are fully compared for LIMs controlled by different FCS-MPC-based modulation strategies through comprehensive numerical simulation and experiments on a test bench with two 3-kW arc induction motors. It is shown that the proposed low-complexity control strategies can effectively avoid overcurrent under any circumstances.
Zou, S, Tang, Y, Ni, W, Liu, RP & Wang, L 2018, 'Resource multi-objective mapping algorithm based on virtualized network functions: RMMA', Applied Soft Computing, vol. 66, pp. 220-231.
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Zuo, Y, Wu, Q, An, P & Shang, X 2018, 'Integrated cosparse analysis model with explicit edge inconsistency measurement for guided depth map upsampling', Journal of Electronic Imaging, vol. 27, no. 04, pp. 1-1.
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© 2018 SPIE and IS & T. A low-resolution depth map can be upsampled through the guidance from the registered high-resolution color image. This type of method is so-called guided depth map upsampling. Among the existing methods based on Markov random field (MRF), either data-driven or model-based prior is adopted to construct the regularization term. The data-driven prior can implicitly reveal the relation between color-depth image pair by training on external data. The model-based prior provides the anisotropic smoothness constraint guided by high-resolution color image. These types of priors can complement each other to solve the ambiguity in guided depth map upsampling. An MRF-based approach is proposed that takes both of them into account to regularize the depth map. Based on analysis sparse coding, the data-driven prior is defined by joint cosparsity on the vectors transformed from color-depth patches using the pair of learned operators. It is based on the assumption that the cosupports of such bimodal image structures computed by the operators are aligned. The edge inconsistency measurement is explicitly calculated, which is embedded into the model-based prior. It can significantly mitigate texture-copying artifacts. The experimental results on Middlebury datasets demonstrate the validity of the proposed method that outperforms seven state-of-the-art approaches.
Zuo, Y, Wu, Q, Zhang, J & An, P 2018, 'Explicit Edge Inconsistency Evaluation Model for Color-Guided Depth Map Enhancement', IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology, vol. 28, no. 2, pp. 439-453.
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© 2016 IEEE. Color-guided depth enhancement is used to refine depth maps according to the assumption that the depth edges and the color edges at the corresponding locations are consistent. In methods on such low-level vision tasks, the Markov random field (MRF), including its variants, is one of the major approaches that have dominated this area for several years. However, the assumption above is not always true. To tackle the problem, the state-of-the-art solutions are to adjust the weighting coefficient inside the smoothness term of the MRF model. These methods lack an explicit evaluation model to quantitatively measure the inconsistency between the depth edge map and the color edge map, so they cannot adaptively control the efforts of the guidance from the color image for depth enhancement, leading to various defects such as texture-copy artifacts and blurring depth edges. In this paper, we propose a quantitative measurement on such inconsistency and explicitly embed it into the smoothness term. The proposed method demonstrates promising experimental results compared with the benchmark and state-of-the-art methods on the Middlebury ToF-Mark, and NYU data sets.
Zuo, Y, Wu, Q, Zhang, J & An, P 2018, 'Minimum Spanning Forest With Embedded Edge Inconsistency Measurement Model for Guided Depth Map Enhancement', IEEE Transactions on Image Processing, vol. 27, no. 8, pp. 4145-4159.
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© 1992-2012 IEEE. Guided depth map enhancement based on Markov random field (MRF) normally assumes edge consistency between the color image and the corresponding depth map. Under this assumption, the low-quality depth edges can be refined according to the guidance from the high-quality color image. However, such consistency is not always true, which leads to texture-copying artifacts and blurring depth edges. In addition, the previous MRF-based models always calculate the guidance affinities in the regularization term via a non-structural scheme, which ignores the local structure on the depth map. In this paper, a novel MRF-based method is proposed. It computes these affinities via the distance between pixels in a space consisting of the minimum spanning trees (forest) to better preserve depth edges. Furthermore, inside each minimum spanning tree, the weights of edges are computed based on the explicit edge inconsistency measurement model, which significantly mitigates texture-copying artifacts. To further tolerate the effects caused by noise and better preserve depth edges, a bandwidth adaption scheme is proposed. Our method is evaluated for depth map super-resolution and depth map completion problems on synthetic and real data sets, including Middlebury, ToF-Mark, and NYU. A comprehensive comparison against 16 state-of-the-art methods is carried out. Both qualitative and quantitative evaluations present the improved performances.
Abeywickrama, HV, Jayawickrama, BA, He, Y & Dutkiewicz, E 1970, 'Empirical Power Consumption Model for UAVs', 2018 IEEE 88th Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC-Fall), 2018 IEEE 88th Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC-Fall), IEEE, Chicago, IL, USA, USA, pp. 1-5.
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© 2018 IEEE. Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) are gaining popularity in a range of areas and are already being used for a wide variety of purposes. While UAVs have many desirable features, limited battery lifetime is identified as a key restriction in UAV applications. Typical UAVs being electric devices, powered by on-board batteries, this constrain has limited their capabilities to a considerable extent. Thus planning UAV missions in an energy efficient manner is of utmost importance. To achieve this, for prediction of power consumption, it is necessary to have a reliable power consumption model. In this paper, we present a consistent and complete power consumption model for UAVs based on empirical studies of battery usage for various UAV activities. The power consumption model presented in this paper can be readily used for energy efficient UAV mission planning.
Abeywickrama, HV, Jayawickrama, BA, He, Y & Dutkiewicz, E 1970, 'Potential Field Based Inter-UAV Collision Avoidance Using Virtual Target Relocation', 2018 IEEE 87th Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC Spring), 2018 IEEE 87th Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC Spring), IEEE, Porto, Portugal, pp. 1-5.
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© 2018 IEEE. Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) are becoming popular in a range of areas. This has given rise to the concept of UAV swarms, where multiple UAVs act together to achieve a common task. With multiple UAVs flying in close proximity to each other, sharing the same airspace, the risk of inter-UAV collisions increases. It's important to avoid these collisions while having minimal impact on the UAV system. We propose a novel Potential Field Method (PFM) based algorithm for inter-UAV collision avoidance which considerably reduces the total time taken by the UAV system to achieve its goal. We control the collision avoidance actions of the UAVs by virtually relocating their targets. The positions of the virtual targets are calculated to minimize the collision probability, based on a probability function we introduced. The proposed algorithm reduces the total system time approximately by 20\% as opposed to the traditional PFM.
Abuhilaleh, M, Li, L, Zhu, J & Hossain, MJ 1970, 'Distributed Control and Power Management Strategy for an Autonomous Hybrid Microgrid with Multiple Sub-Microgrids', 2018 Australasian Universities Power Engineering Conference (AUPEC), 2018 Australasian Universities Power Engineering Conference (AUPEC), IEEE, New Zealand, pp. 1-6.
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This paper proposes a novel approach of distributed coordination control for multiple sub-microgrids (SMGs) within a hybrid AC/DC microgrid. The conventional control approach for managing power flow among AC and DC SMGs is based on the proportional power sharing principle. This is mainly implemented by equalising the normalized voltage at the DC side and the frequency at the AC side for any interfaced SMGs. The proposed method suggests a distributed control system that ensures a total controllability for the interlinking converters. It overcomes the total dependency on a specific variable for power exchange. The proposed method not only enables control of the power flow between SMGs but also ensures the continuity of power transfer if any single SMG fails. Three case studies are presented to demonstrate the validity and capability of the proposed approach using the MATLAB/Simulink software. From the obtained results, it is found that the proposed control system provides a high level of flexibility in managing the power flow among SMGs.
Afzal, MU & Esselle, KP 1970, 'A Low-Profile, Planar, Power-Efficient 2D Beam-Steering Antenna Technology', 2018 International Conference on Electromagnetics in Advanced Applications (ICEAA), 2018 International Conference on Electromagnetics in Advanced Applications (ICEAA), IEEE, pp. 232-235.
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© 2018 IEEE. The paper explains a recently demonstrated 2D beam-steering antenna technology and its potential to develop a low-cost communication-on-the-move (COTM) terminal antenna. A low-cost COTM antenna is critical for receiving TV and internet via existing geostationary and upcoming low-earth-orbit (LEO) satellite constellations. The new beam-steering technology is based on near-field phase transformation and its working is verified by a prototype design reported recently. Performance indicators of the prototype are compared here with some commercially available COTM terminal antennas. A fully passive design, low-profile, low power requirements, and simple design configuration give the new steering antenna a competitive advantage over existing COTM terminal antennas from KYMETA and ThinKom.
Afzal, MU & Esselle, KP 1970, 'High-Gain Beam Steering by Near-Field Phase Transformation - An Overview', 2018 IEEE International Symposium on Antennas and Propagation & USNC/URSI National Radio Science Meeting, 2018 IEEE International Symposium on Antennas and Propagation & USNC/URSI National Radio Science Meeting, IEEE, Boston, MA, pp. 1447-1448.
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Afzal, MU, Esselle, KP & Lalbakhsh, A 1970, 'A Metasurface to Focus Antenna Beam at Offset Angle', 2018 2nd URSI Atlantic Radio Science Meeting (AT-RASC), 2018 2nd URSI Atlantic Radio Science Meeting (AT-RASC), IEEE, Meloneras, SPAIN.
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Afzal, MU, Lalbakhsh, A & Esselle, KP 1970, 'A Low-Profile Beam-Tilted Antenna Array for Receiving Direct-Broadcast Satellite Services', 2018 IEEE Asia-Pacific Conference on Antennas and Propagation (APCAP), 2018 IEEE Asia-Pacific Conference on Antennas and Propagation (APCAP), IEEE, Auckland, NEW ZEALAND, pp. 147-148.
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Ajayan, AR, Al-Doghman, F & Chaczko, Z 1970, 'Visualizing Multimodal Big Data Anomaly Patterns in Higher-Order Feature Spaces', 2018 26th International Conference on Systems Engineering (ICSEng), 2018 26th International Conference on Systems Engineering (ICSEng), IEEE, Sydney, NSW, Australia, pp. 1-9.
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The world today, as we know it, is profuse with information about humans and objects. Datasets generated by cyber-physical systems are orders of magnitude larger than their current information processing capabilities. Tapping into these big data flows to uncover much deeper perceptions into the functioning, operational logic and smartness levels attainable has been investigated for quite a while. Knowledge Discovery & Representation capabilities across mutiple modalities holds much scope in this direction, with regards to their information holding potential. This paper investigates the applicability of an arithmetic tool Tensor Decompositions and Factorizations in this scenario. Higher order datasets are decomposed for Anomaly Pattern capture which encases intelligence along multiple modes of data flow. Preliminary investigations based on data derived from Smart Grid Smart City Project are compliant with our hypothesis. The results proved that Abnormal patterns detected in decomposed Tensor factors encompass deep information energy content from Big Data as efficiently as other Pattern Extraction and Knowledge Discovery frameworks, while salvaging time and resources.
Al-Doghman, F, Chaczko, Z & Brookes, W 1970, 'Adaptive Consensus-based Aggregation for Edge Computing', 2018 26th International Conference on Systems Engineering (ICSEng), 2018 26th International Conference on Systems Engineering (ICSEng), IEEE, Sydney, Australia.
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The swift expansion in employing IoT and the tendency to apply its application have encompassed a wide range of fields in our life. The heterogeneity and the massive amount of data produced from IoT require adaptive collection and transmission processes that function closed to front-end to mitigate these issues. In this paper, We introduced a method
of aggregating IoT data in a consensus way using Bayesian analysis and Markov Chain techniques. The aim is to enhance the quality of data traveling within IoT framework.
Ali, SMN, Hossain, MJ, Hanif, A, Sharma, V & Kashif, M 1970, 'A VRC H∞ Design for Dynamic Thermal Derating of Induction Machines', 2018 Australasian Universities Power Engineering Conference (AUPEC), 2018 Australasian Universities Power Engineering Conference (AUPEC), IEEE.
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© 2018 IEEE. Induction machines exhibit thermal derating in their performance during operation that causes sheer uncertainties in the controlling parameters such as stator and rotor resistances. It does not only affect the steady-state but also the dynamic response of an induction machine (IM). An output feedback variable resistance controller (VRC), which is inherently an H∞ linear parameter varying (LPV) controller, is proposed to compensate this thermal derating caused by stator resistance variations. An L2 gain bound and internal stability are ensured by linear matrix inequalities (LMIs). IM speed control is established by using input/output feedback linearization (I/O-FL). The proposed controller is implemented for a 30 kW induction motor in MATLAB® Simulink environment. Nonlinear simulation results show excellent performance tracking for the thermally derated dynamic IM characteristics in the presence of varying stator resistance and an applied load torque.
Al-kaysi, AM, Al-Ani, A, Galvez, V, Loo, CK, Ling, S & Boonstra, TW 1970, 'Estimating The Quality of Electroconvulsive Therapy Induced Seizures Using Decision Tree and Fuzzy Inference System Classifiers.', EMBC, Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, IEEE, Honolulu, HI, USA, pp. 3677-3680.
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Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is an effective and widely used treatment for major depressive disorder, in which a brief electric current is passed through the brain to trigger a brief seizure. This study aims to identify seizure quality rating by utilizing a set of seizure parameters. We used 750 ECT EEG recordings in this experiment. Four seizure related parameters, (time of slowing, regularity, stereotypy and post-ictal suppression) are used as inputs to two classifiers, decision tree and fuzzy inference system (FIS), to predict seizure quality ratings. The two classifiers produced encouraging results with error rate of 0.31 and 0.25 for FIS and decision tree, respectively. The classification results show that the four seizure parameters provide relevant information about the rating of seizure quality. Automatic scoring of seizure quality may be beneficial to clinicians working in this field.
Al-Soeidat, M, Khawaldeh, H, Aljarajreh, H & Lu, D 1970, 'A Compact Three-Port DC-DC Converter for Integrated PV-Battery System', 2018 IEEE International Power Electronics and Application Conference and Exposition (PEAC), 2018 IEEE International Power Electronics and Application Conference and Exposition (PEAC), IEEE, Shenzhen, China.
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© 2018 IEEE. In this paper, a new non-isolated three-port DC-DC converter (NITPC) to integrate a battery storage with a PV module is proposed. The intermittency of renewable energy and the unpredictable load demand are eliminated by firming a backup battery with the PV module to supply extra power when it is required. The proposed converter is reconfigurable and able to operate as a conventional boost converter, a buck-boost converter or a forward converter in different modes to support several power flow combinations and achieve power conditioning and regulation among the PV module, battery and an output port simultaneously. Nevertheless, the converter only consists of two switches, one coupled inductor, one diode and two capacitors. Thus, the system size and number of components are reduced compared with the traditional DC-DC converters. High output regulated voltage is achieved by using a coupled inductor and by combining the PV module and the battery in series. Simulation and experiment are carried out to verify the proposed circuit.
Amin, BMR, Anwar, A & Hossain, MJ 1970, 'Distinguishing Between Cyber Injection and Faults Using Machine Learning Algorithms', 2018 IEEE Region Ten Symposium (Tensymp), 2018 IEEE Region Ten Symposium (Tensymp), IEEE, IEEE New S Wales Sect, Sydney, AUSTRALIA, pp. 19-24.
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Amin, U, Hossain, MJ, Lu, J & Fernandez, E 1970, 'Optimal Utilization of Renewable Power Production by Sharing Power among Commercial Buildings: Case Study of Griffith University', 2018 Australasian Universities Power Engineering Conference (AUPEC), 2018 Australasian Universities Power Engineering Conference (AUPEC), IEEE.
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© 2018 IEEE. Advancements in smart-grid technology such as the development of a bi-directional communication infrastructure and smart metering provide an opportunity to reduce energy cost by sharing renewable energy among buildings. A proactive building equipped with renewable energy sources (RESs) can share surplus renewable power (SRP) with neighboring traditional buildings (without RESs) for the optimal utilization of RESs. In this paper, the interaction of a proactive building with neighboring traditional buildings in the context of power sharing based on generation and load demand is considered. Within a given time horizon divided into multiple time steps in which generation and load demand occurs, the proactive buildings may experience a power surplus or deficit. While any deficit can be obtained from the utility grid, the proactive building may consider sharing/selling its unused power with neighboring buildings. An algorithm is developed to manage SRP based on price signals, RESs' production and load demand. The developed algorithm is tested using real-time load and generation data of different buildings situated in Griffith University, Australia. A cost-benefit analysis is also carried out using current electricity charges to show the cost effectiveness of power sharing.
Amirgholipour, S, He, X, Jia, W, Wang, D & Zeibots, M 1970, 'A-CCNN: Adaptive CCNN for Density Estimation and Crowd Counting', 2018 25th IEEE International Conference on Image Processing (ICIP), 2018 25th IEEE International Conference on Image Processing (ICIP), IEEE, Athens, Greece, pp. 948-952.
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© 2018 IEEE. Crowd counting, for estimating the number of people in a crowd using vision-based computer techniques, has attracted much interest in the research community. Although many attempts have been reported, real-world problems, such as huge variation in subjects' sizes in images and serious occlusion among people, make it still a challenging problem. In this paper, we propose an Adaptive Counting Convolutional Neural Network (A-CCNN) and consider the scale variation of objects in a frame adaptively so as to improve the accuracy of counting. Our method takes advantages of contextual information to provide more accurate and adaptive density maps and crowd counting in a scene. Extensively experimental evaluation is conducted using different benchmark datasets for object-counting and shows that the proposed approach is effective and outperforms state-of-the-art approaches.
Argha, A, Su, SW & Celler, B 1970, 'Optimal Sparsely Distributed Static Output Feedback For Publisher/Subscriber Networked Systems With Parametric Uncertainties', 2018 Annual American Control Conference (ACC), 2018 Annual American Control Conference (ACC), IEEE, Milwaukee, WI, pp. 2617-2622.
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Argha, A, Su, SW, Savkin, A & Celler, BG 1970, 'A Novel Optimal Sliding Mode Control For Multiple Time-Delay Systems', 2018 Annual American Control Conference (ACC), 2018 Annual American Control Conference (ACC), IEEE, Milwaukee, WI, USA, pp. 4081-4086.
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© 2018 AACC. This paper considers the problem of delay-independent optimal sliding mode control design for uncertain systems with multiple constant delays. An improved delay-independent framework for the design of SMC is established in terms of a linear matrix inequality for time-delay systems, in which multi-channel H 2 performances of the closed-loop system are under control. Unlike most of the existing methods, the required level of control effort to maintain sliding will be taken into account in this new framework. Our two-stage SMC is constructed as follows. Firstly, a certain state feedback gain is designed while assigning some of the closed-loop eigenvalues precisely to a predetermined stable location as well as ensuring a prescribed multi-channel H 2 performance level of the closed-loop system. In the second stage, we will find the optimal switching surface associated with the gain designed in the first stage via a novel approach developed for this goal while ensuring the stability of the reduced-order dynamics.
Bah, AO, Ziolkowski, RW, Pei-Yuan Qin & Guo, YJ 1970, 'Design and Analysis of a Wide Angle Impedance Matching Metasurface for Wideband Antenna Arrays', 12th European Conference on Antennas and Propagation (EuCAP 2018), 12th European Conference on Antennas and Propagation (EuCAP 2018), Institution of Engineering and Technology, London.
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© Institution of Engineering and Technology.All Rights Reserved. A wide bandwidth, low profile, double sided, wide angle impedance matching metasurface is reported. It alleviates the well-known problem of impedance mismatch caused by mutual coupling when an array is in its scan mode. Each unit cell of the metasurface contains two multi-resonant, tightly-coupled unequal arm Jerusalem cross elements on the top and bottom sides of a thin substrate. Each element consists of two orthogonal capacitively loaded strips. The wide bandwidth of the metasurface is achieved by tightly coupling these multi-resonant elements. The metasurface is capable of facilitating wide angle scanning over a 6:1 impedance bandwidth without the need for bulky dielectrics or multi-layered structures.
Basnet, S, Jayawickrama, BA, He, Y & Dutkiewicz, E 1970, 'Fairness Aware Resource Allocation for Average Capacity Maximisation in General Authorized Access User', 2018 IEEE 88th Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC-Fall), 2018 IEEE 88th Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC-Fall), IEEE, Chicago, IL, USA, USA, pp. 1-5.
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© 2018 IEEE. Spectrum Access System (SAS) is a three-tier spectrum sharing framework proposed for 3.5 GHz by Federal Communication Commission (FCC) in the United States. General Authorized Access (GAA) users in SAS do not have an assigned channel and can opportunistically access the Priority Access Licensee (PAL) channel satisfying the interference constraint proposed by FCC. Coexistence among GAA users in SAS is a key problem to be solved to enhance the system capacity to meet the increasing traffic demand. In this work, we propose a method for fair and efficient spectrum utilisation for GAA users. To achieve the fairness among GAA users equal interference budget allocation scheme is proposed for each set of GAA users that can hear each other. Our proposed method decide the optimal channel switching schedule that maximises the average capacity of GAA users while satisfying the interference constraint at PAL protection area. This work jointly considers the fairness between GAA users and the average capacity maximisation of GAA network. Simulation result justifies the performance of our proposed method for average capacity maximisation of GAA users and fairness between GAA users by comparing with existing works.
Basnet, S, Jayawickrama, BA, He, Y & Dutkiewicz, E 1970, 'Transmit Power Allocation for General Authorized Access in Spectrum Access System Using Carrier Sensing Range', 2018 IEEE 88th Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC-Fall), 2018 IEEE 88th Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC-Fall), IEEE, Chicago, IL, USA, USA, pp. 1-5.
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© 2018 IEEE. The optimal use of spectrum is a key focus for all regulatory bodies. Federal Communications Commission has introduced Spectrum Access System (SAS) to maximise the spectrum utilisation in the US 3.5 GHz band. SAS is a three-tier spectrum sharing framework where Citizen Broadband Radio Service (CBRS) devices can access the channel when it is not used by Incumbent Access users. CBRS consists of Priority Access Licensee (PAL) and General Authorized Access (GAA). In this paper, we consider the problem of optimum transmit power allocation for GAA users using a carrier sensing range i.e. maximum distance a user can be sensed while guaranteeing the interference to PAL from GAA users is below the threshold. We use carrier sensing range to find the sets of GAA users that cannot transmit at the same time and adjust the interference budget of transmitting GAA users. We present an algorithm for transmit power allocation for GAA users in the SAS. The proposed algorithm uses the transmission characteristics and location information provided by Citizen Broadband Radio Service Devices to SAS to maximise the peak capacity of GAA users ensuring the interference constraint to PAL. Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm significantly increases the peak capacity of GAA users by considering the carrier sensing range and adjusted interference budget.
Bautista, MG, Zhang, XP, Zhu, X & Dutkiewicz, E 1970, 'Design of On-Chip Edge-Coupled Resonator and Its Application for Bandpass Filter in CMOS Technology', 2018 18th International Symposium on Communications and Information Technologies (ISCIT), 2018 18th International Symposium on Communications and Information Technologies (ISCIT), IEEE, Bangkok, Thailand, pp. 137-140.
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© 2018 IEEE. In this work, the design of a compact on-chip edge-coupled resonator is presented. To understand the insight of the presented resonator, a simplified LC-equivalent circuit model is provided, and electromagnetic simulation is utilized for performance optimization. To demonstrate the potential of the presented resonator, a bandpass filter design example is also given. By taking advantage of using metal-insulator-metal capacitors, a compact filter can be designed. For proving of concept, both the presented resonator and filter are implemented and fabricated using standard CMOS technology. A good agreement between simulation and measurement has been achieved. The measured results show that the filter has a resonance at 35.4 GHz with an insertion loss of 1.7 dB and greater than-10 dB of return loss. The miniaturized chip area of both the resonator and the BPF, excluding the pads, is only 0.039 mm 2 (0.15 × 0.26 mm 2 ).
Bonnin, J-M, Gay, V & Weis, F 1970, 'Creating Smarter Spaces to Unleash the Potential of Health Apps', International Conference on Smart Homes and Health Telematics, Springer International Publishing, Singapore, Singapore, pp. 134-145.
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Technologies necessary for the development of pervasive health apps with intensive and seamless interactions with their environments are now widely available. Research studies and experimentations have demonstrated the real ability for health apps to interact with their environment. However, designing, testing and ensuring the maintenance and evolution of pervasive health apps remains very complex. In particular, there is a lack of tools to enable developers to design apps that can adapt to increasingly complex and changing environments (sensors added or removed, failures, mobility etc.). This paper reflects our vision to reduce this complexity and is based on our current research work on smart environment and personalized health monitoring apps. It uses SAM, a smart asthma monitoring app as an illustration to highlight the need for a comprehensive set of new interactions to help health app developers interact with the users’ environment, and more specifically get a smarter access to the data. Some requirements can be on the minimum quality level of the data and the way to adapt to the diversity of the sources (data fusion/aggregation), on the network mechanisms used to collect the data (network/link level) and on the collection of the raw data (sensors). It discusses possible solutions to address these needs.
Braun, R, Miller, G, Chaczko, Z & Brookes, W 1970, 'First experiences of Studios in the new Data Engineering program', 2018 17th International Conference on Information Technology Based Higher Education and Training (ITHET), 2018 17th International Conference on Information Technology Based Higher Education and Training (ITHET), IEEE, Olhao, Portugal, pp. 1-5.
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© 2018 IEEE. This paper describes the Studio experiences created for Data and Electronic Engineering students at the University of Technology Sydney. It describes the purpose of the Studios, and their structure. It completes with a retrospective of what worked, and what did not work, and suggests future changes.
Brookes, W 1970, 'Inquiry-based Learning of Database Concepts', 2018 17th International Conference on Information Technology Based Higher Education and Training (ITHET), 2018 17th International Conference on Information Technology Based Higher Education and Training (ITHET), IEEE, Olhão, Portugal, pp. 1-6.
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In many degree programs, relational database concepts and skills are taught through a combination of lectures combined with tutorials or laboratory sessions, although flipped learning approaches have recently been gaining increasing popularity. This paper describes a different approach using inquiry-based learning to engage students with real, unstructured data-driven challenges. We report on the effectiveness of the inquiry-based learning approach in this context and reflect on challenges for both instructors and students.
Brookes, W 1970, 'On creativity and innovation in the computing curriculum', Proceedings of the 20th Australasian Computing Education Conference, ACE 2018: 20th Australasian Computing Education Conference, ACM, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia, pp. 17-24.
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Bui, HM, Lech, M, Cheng, E, Neville, K, Wilkinson, R & Burnett, IS 1970, 'Randomized dimensionality reduction of deep network features for image object recognition', 2018 2nd International Conference on Recent Advances in Signal Processing, Telecommunications & Computing (SigTelCom), 2018 2nd International Conference on Recent Advances in Signal Processing, Telecommunications & Computing (SigTelCom), IEEE, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, pp. 136-141.
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© 2018 IEEE. This study investigates data dimensionality reduction for image object recognition. The dimensionality reduction was applied to features extracted from an existing pre-trained Deep Neural Network (DNN) structure, the AlexNet. An analysis of the neurons in different layers of the AlexNet revealed an incremental increase in the pair-wise orthogonality between weight vectors of neurons in each layer, towards higher-level layers. This observation motivated the current study to evaluate the possibility of performing randomized dimensionality reduction by mimicking the observed orthogonality property of the high-level layers on activations of low-level layers of the AlexNet. Image object classification experiments have shown that the proposed random orthogonal projection method performed well in multiple tests, consistently outperforming the well-known statistics-based sparse random projection. Apart from being data independent, the proposed approach achieved performances comparable with the state-of-the-art techniques, but with lower computational requirements.
Candra, H, Setyaningsih, E, Pragantha, J & Chai, R 1970, 'Improving Focus and Concentration in the Classroom while Studying with Lighting Arrangement and Brainwave Stimulation', 2018 8th IEEE International Conference on Control System, Computing and Engineering (ICCSCE), 2018 8th IEEE International Conference on Control System, Computing and Engineering (ICCSCE), IEEE.
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Cao, Y & Veitch, D 1970, 'Network Timing, Weathering the 2016 Leap Second', IEEE INFOCOM 2018 - IEEE Conference on Computer Communications, IEEE INFOCOM 2018 - IEEE Conference on Computer Communications, IEEE, Honolulu, HI, USA, pp. 1826-1834.
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© 2018 IEEE. We collect high resolution timing packet data from 459 public Stratum-1 NTP servers during the leap second event of Dec. 2016, including all those participating in the NTP Pool Project, using a testbed with GPS and atomic clock synchronized DAG cards. We report in detail on a wide variety of anomalous behaviors found both at the NTP protocol level, and in the detailed timestamp performance of the server clocks themselves, which can last days or even weeks after the event. Overall, only 37.3% of servers had Adequate performance overall.
Casareo, K & Chaczko, Z 1970, 'Beacon-Based Localization Middleware for Tracking in Medical and Healthcare Environments', 2018 12th International Symposium on Medical Information and Communication Technology (ISMICT), 2018 12th International Symposium on Medical Information and Communication Technology (ISMICT), IEEE, Sydney, NSW, Australia, pp. 1-6.
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© 2018 IEEE. This research paper proposes a Middleware model for a Localization System that may be applied in Healthcare environments such as Hospitals or Nursing Homes to track staff, patients, visitors and equipment. It investigates literature regarding indoor localization methods and limitations to determine a suitable algorithm that may be implemented in an infrastructure oriented software. The methodology used to build and test the software is explained. It then illustrates the concept of the Localization Middleware and how it might be used when deployed indoor premises, inside such rooms as a hospital wards, In terms of the functional responsibilities, it is expected to offer an effective implementation of the distance measurement algorithm for Received Signal Strength and the Linear Least-Squares localization algorithm. The simulations of the localization algorithm with the given simulation results are looking promising. However, the real-time tests demonstrated that the range measurement was insufficiently precise to be reliable. Given a more accurate and reliable distance measurement, a more precise localization result could be attained.
Chaczko, Z, Gordon, LC & Bożejko, W 1970, 'The Metamodel of Heritage Preservation for Medical Big Data', Computer Aided Systems Theory – EUROCAST 2017 (LNCS), International Conference on Computer Aided Systems Theory, Springer International Publishing, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain, pp. 366-371.
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At present the real challenge of Digital Data Preservation concerns methods of keeping all important attributes of the data and preserving their originality. The key is to keep the living part of the data. It is the essence of the Heritage concept. The Heritage is about the concrete data the concept gives the interconnection to other aspects of the reality. Nowadays the physical value and the aspects of items complete the relevance of information. But the question is what is heritage and which parameters defining the artifact or the information as a heritage? The context and the interpretation of data is the answer. The heritage term is defining as the crucial and central part of the presented research. Big data analytics in healthcare is evolving into a promising field for providing insight from very large data sets and improving outcomes while reducing costs.
Chaczko, Z, Kale, A, Santana-Rodriguez, JJ & Suarez-Araujo, CP 1970, 'Towards an IOT Based System for Detection and Monitoring of Microplastics in Aquatic Environments', 2018 IEEE 22nd International Conference on Intelligent Engineering Systems (INES), 2018 IEEE 22nd International Conference on Intelligent Engineering Systems (INES), IEEE, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain, pp. 000057-000062.
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© 2018 IEEE. Monitoring presence of micro-plastics in the ocean and fresh waters is an important research topic due to a need to preserve marine ecosystem. Microplastics represent threats to living organisms, producing harmful effects, ultimately also having an impact on humans through the food-chain. Use of laboratory-based and in situ techniques do help in investigating density and scale of this kind of pollutants. The in-situ sensing techniques are gaining popularity due to automation and continuous availability. These techniques though need an accurate hardware and efficient computing model to achieve desired success. Here, we propose an IoT based system called 'SmartIC' using specialized sensors and intelligent computing tools, specifically designed for in-situ monitoring of microplastics in natural aquatic environments. This paper is focused on system architecture, monitoring process and outline of experimental work. The initial research provides very promising results. A further course of the investigation with validation will be conducted in future to establish the proposed system completely.
Chaczko, Z, Klempous, R, Nikodem, J & Rozenblit, J 1970, '24/7 Model of Collaborative Engineering', 2018 IEEE 22nd International Conference on Intelligent Engineering Systems (INES), 2018 IEEE 22nd International Conference on Intelligent Engineering Systems (INES), IEEE, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain, pp. 000013-000014.
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© 2018 IEEE. This paper presents a short overview of pioneering work on the 24/7 model of collaborative engineering and its practical applications in software development domain. The primary goal of the approach was to enable students, engineers and researchers to practice collaboration in virtual space. The secondary goal was to learn how to cooperatively manage and execute engineering projects more efficiently and on-time. The model relies on collaborative and consensus based agreements among geographically distributed institutions. These institutions agree to participate in cooperative and continuous (24/7) mode of operation where participating teams execute interdisciplinary tasks across different geographic, temporal and cultural zones. The interest in various collaborative models is steadily increasing. The idea has been adopted by many sectors of the industry, research and education, allowing for smart logistics and transportation, interdisciplinary product development, manufacturing design, global monitoring, international enterprise collaboration and many other applications. This paper explains the key concepts, the methodology, projects undertaken and tools developed during many years of collaboration between several prestigious educational institutions.
Chaczko, Z, Slehar, S & Shnoudi, T 1970, 'Game-Theory Based Cognitive Radio Policies for Jamming and Anti-Jamming in the IoT', 2018 12th International Symposium on Medical Information and Communication Technology (ISMICT), 2018 12th International Symposium on Medical Information and Communication Technology (ISMICT), IEEE, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
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© 2018 IEEE. The Cognitive Radio can be considered as a mandatory part of the Internet of Things applications. It helps to solve the sacristy issues in the frequency bands of the wireless network component of the technology. However, the security problem is the primary challenge that needs to be carefully mitigated. Specifically, defending the Cognitive Radio mechanism against the jamming attacks. The aim this research paper is to investigate and provide a reliable and adaptive Cognitive Radio protection methods against the jamming attacks. Thus, improving the performance of the wireless network of IoT technology, enhancing the bandwidth and solving the issue of the sacristy of the frequency bands. The mentioned objectives will be accomplished by the aid of the game theory which is modelled as an anti-jamming game and by adapting the multi-arm bandit (MAB) policies. However, to solve the sacristy issue in the frequency band spectrum of the cognitive radio, some MAB policies were adapted such as Upper Confidence Bound (UCB), Thompson Sampling and Kullback-Leibler Upper Confidence Bound (KL-UCB). The results show some improvements and enhancements to the sacristy problem in the frequency band spectrum. To conclude, the Thompson Sampling MAB policy was the best to be adapted for solving the problem, as it resulted with lowest regrets and highest rewards compared to the other MAB policies.
Chaczko, Z, Wazirali, R, Gordon, LC & Bożejko, W 1970, 'Steganographic Data Heritage Preservation Using Sharing Images App', Springer International Publishing, pp. 150-156.
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Chakraborty, S, P., P, Gupta, S, Afshar, S, Hamilton, T & Thakur, CS 1970, 'Neuromorphic Object Tracking Architecture, Based on Compound Eyes, and Implementation on FPGA', 2018 IEEE 61st International Midwest Symposium on Circuits and Systems (MWSCAS), 2018 IEEE 61st International Midwest Symposium on Circuits and Systems (MWSCAS), IEEE, Windsor, CANADA, pp. 668-671.
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Chemalamarri, VD, Braun, R, Lipman, J & Abolhasan, M 1970, 'A Multi-agent Controller to enable Cognition in Software Defined Networks', 2018 28th International Telecommunication Networks and Applications Conference (ITNAC), 2018 28th International Telecommunication Networks and Applications Conference (ITNAC), IEEE, Sydney, Australia, pp. 52-56.
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© 2018 IEEE. Current SDN controllers are not cognitive. We propose a new architecture for an SDN controller to enable intelligence. The proposed new architecture is based on Multi-agent systems. As a prototype, we have built a MAS-SDN controller using the GOAL agent programming language. We highlight the motivation behind the new architecture, describe the architecture and provide some initial results.
Chen, J, Zhan, Y, Guo, Y, Zhu, J, Li, L & Liang, B 1970, 'Fuzzy Adaptive PI Decoupling Control for Gas Supply System of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell', 2018 21st International Conference on Electrical Machines and Systems (ICEMS), 2018 21st International Conference on Electrical Machines and Systems (ICEMS), IEEE, Jeju, South Korea, pp. 1145-1150.
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© 2018 KIEE EMECS (KIEE Electrical Machinery and Energy Conversion Systems). Aiming at the issues of nonlinear and strong coupling between hydrogen partial pressure and oxygen partial pressure in a proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) and the poor control effect of traditional PID method, a fuzzy adaptive PID decoupling control method with simple rules is proposed in this paper. A fuzzy control algorithm is used to realize the adaptive adjustment of PID parameters online and the decoupling of the PEMFC gas supply system. According to the model established, the PEMFC gas supply system with fuzzy adaptive PID decoupling control is simulated. Simulation results show that the proposed control strategy can effectively reduce the pressure difference between hydrogen and oxygen supplies, prevent the PEMFC from degradation, and improve the output performance and lifetime of PEMFC.
Chen, X, Kong, X & Xu, M 1970, 'Road Vehicle Recognition Using Magnetic Sensing Feature Extraction and Classification', International Journal of Electrical, Computer, Energetic, Electronic and Communication Engineering, International Conference on Intelligent Sensors, Sensor Networks and Information Processing, International Research Publication House, Venice, Italy, pp. 270-275.
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This paper presents a road vehicle detection approach for the intelligent transportation system. This approach mainly uses low-cost magnetic sensor and associated data collection system to collect magnetic signals. This system can measure the magnetic field changing, and it also can detect and count vehicles. We extend Mel Frequency Cepstral Coefficients to analyze vehicle magnetic signals. Vehicle type features are extracted using representation of cepstrum, frame energy, and gap cepstrum of magnetic signals. We design a 2-dimensional map algorithm using Vector Quantization to classify vehicle magnetic features to four typical types of vehicles in Australian suburbs: sedan, VAN, truck, and bus. Experiments results show that our approach achieves a high level of accuracy for vehicle detection and classification.
Chen, X, Ni, W, Collings, IB, Wang, X & Xu, S 1970, 'Distributed Placement and Online Optimization of Virtual Machines for Network Service Chains', 2018 IEEE International Conference on Communications (ICC), 2018 IEEE International Conference on Communications (ICC 2018), IEEE.
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Cheng, Q, Nguyen, DN, Dutkiewicz, E & Mueck, MD 1970, 'Protecting Operational Information of Incumbent and Secondary Users in FCC Spectrum Access System', 2018 IEEE International Conference on Communications (ICC), 2018 IEEE International Conference on Communications (ICC 2018), IEEE, Kansas City, MO, USA.
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© 2018 IEEE. Both Federal Communications Commission (FCC) and European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI) support dynamic spectrum access (DSA) as an enabling technology for spectrum sharing. To effectively realize DSA in practice, users (from both defense and civil sectors) are required to share their (radio) operational information. That risks exposing their security, privacy, and business plan to unintended agents. In this paper, taking FCC's spectrum access system (SAS) as a study case, we propose a privacy-preserving scheme for DSA by leveraging encryption and obfuscation methods (PSEO). To implement PSEO, we propose an interference calculation scheme that allows users to calculate interference budget without revealing their operation information (e.g., antenna height, transmit power, location...), referred to as blind interference calculation method (BICM). BICM also reduces the computing overhead of PSEO, compared with FCC's SAS by moving interference budgeting tasks to local users and calculating it in an offline manner. Extensive detailed analysis and simulations show that our proposed PSEO is able to better protect all users' operational privacy, guaranteeing efficient spectrum utilization with less online overhead, compared with state of the art approaches.
Cui, P-F, Zhang, JA, Lu, W-J, Guo, YJ & Zhu, H-B 1970, 'Sparse Channel Modelling Using Multi-Measurement Vector Compressive Sensing', 2018 IEEE Global Communications Conference (GLOBECOM), GLOBECOM 2018 - 2018 IEEE Global Communications Conference, IEEE, Abu Dahbi, UAE.
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© 2018 IEEE. Channel sparsity is well exploited for channel estimation, but there is very limited work on sparse channel modelling, which studies and characterizes the statistical properties of sparse channel coefficients. In this paper, we study sparse channel modelling using real measured channel data in off-body signal propagation. We propose multi-measurement vector based compressive sensing algorithms for extracting sparse channel coefficients, study the statistical properties of these extracted coefficients, and develop an algorithm for generating simulated channels using the statistical sparse model. The proposed method can be directly applied to other channel measurements, and is very useful for channel simulation and developing advanced sparse channel estimation schemes.
Dang, DNM, Ngo, QT, Dang, HN & Vo, PL 1970, 'Analytical Study of the IEEE 1609.4 MAC in Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks', Springer International Publishing, pp. 145-154.
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Debabrata Karmokar, K & Jay Guo, Y 1970, 'Continuous Backward-to-Forward Beam-Scanning Conformal Leaky-Wave Antenna', 2018 IEEE Asia-Pacific Conference on Antennas and Propagation (APCAP), 2018 IEEE Asia-Pacific Conference on Antennas and Propagation (APCAP), IEEE, Auckland, New Zealand, pp. 72-73.
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© 2018 IEEE. A periodic substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) structure based conformal leaky-wave antenna (LWA) is presented. The LWA is capable of scanning its beam from near backfire, backward endfire, through the broadside to the forward direction. The-10-dB reflection coefficient bandwidth of the antenna is 7.428-10.47 GHz. The gain of the antenna is greater than 10 dBi throughout the beam scan range from-84° to +19°with a variation of source frequency from 7.3 to 10.3 GHz.
Diao, Y, Li, M, Sun, W, Leung, SW, Cai, Y, Zhu, F & Yang, Y 1970, 'Safety Consideration for Emerging Wireless Technologies-Evaluations of Temperature Rise in Eyes for RF Radiations up to 10 GHz', 2018 12th International Symposium on Medical Information and Communication Technology (ISMICT), 2018 12th International Symposium on Medical Information and Communication Technology (ISMICT), IEEE, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
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© 2018 IEEE. The study of temperature rise distribution in the human eye under plane electromagnetic wave exposure up to 10 GHz is presented in this paper. The effects of different frequencies and different blood perfusion rates of sclera to thermal calculations are investigated by finite difference method. The results reveal that the changes in the thermal parameter produce a maximum relative standard deviation of ~15% in the temperature rise in lens.
Ding, C, Sun, H, Guo, YJ & Ziolkowski, RW 1970, 'A general design and optimization method of tightly-coupled cross-dipoles for base station', IET Conference Publications, European Conference on Antennas and Propagation, London, UK.
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This paper investigates the working mechanism of dual-polarized tightly-coupled cross-dipoles that are widely used in cellular base station applications. The effects of couplings between sub-dipoles on the performance indexes of concern are observed. A theory of considering this type of cross-dipole as an array is proposed and validated. The proposed theory explains why a stable radiation pattern can be achieved by this kind of structure. The array model can be used to guide the introduction and optimization of a simplified cross-dipole structure for base station application.
dos Santos, AP & Chaczko, Z 1970, 'Blockchain: Status-Quo, Enablers and Inhibitors', 2018 26th International Conference on Systems Engineering (ICSEng), 2018 26th International Conference on Systems Engineering (ICSEng), IEEE, Sydney, Australia.
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Blockchain has been evolving and gaining new heights over the years. The shift in the perspective is allowing new user cases beyond the cryptocurrency space. Cryptocurrencies are digital assets supported by the complexities of cryptography, game theory and peer-to-peer networks. Blockchain became a popular platform for decentralized applications, as well as a valuable tool for start-ups seeking fundraising. The aim of this research paper is to review and assess the status quo for each branch of use cases, and then analyze the enabling and inhibiting factors influencing the adoption of blockchain. These findings permit a broader comprehension over the concepts backing blockchain. It will help new users to establish strategies, develop solutions and encourage the employment of blockchain technology.
Duan, N, Xu, W, Yuan, T, Wang, S, Li, Y & Zhu, J 1970, 'Modelling of Hysteresis Phenomenon Based on the Elemental Operator and Wind-Rose Method', 2018 21st International Conference on Electrical Machines and Systems (ICEMS), 2018 21st International Conference on Electrical Machines and Systems (ICEMS), IEEE, Jeju, South Korea, pp. 2659-2662.
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© 2018 KIEE EMECS (KIEE Electrical Machinery and Energy Conversion Systems). This paper introduces a vector hysteresis operator based on the physical mechanisms of the magnetic material. With the help of the schematic diagrams of energy barrier and the traditional wind-rose method, the magnetization orientation of each operator under different rotational magnetic field can be determined, as well as the rotation process of the corresponding magnetization. Meanwhile, a two-dimensional distribution function is utilized to describe the density of the interacting operators in the given specimen. To verify this rotational hysteresis model, the magnetic properties of soft magnetic composite SOMALOY™ 500 under different rotational excitations have been simulated and compared with the experimental results. Besides, the error analysis has been given to demonstrate the significance of parameters in the distribution function. The comparison shows the practicability of this vector operator and the wind-rose method.
Fan, X, He, X, Puthal, D, Chen, S, Xiang, C, Nanda, P & Rao, X 1970, 'CTOM: Collaborative Task Offloading Mechanism for Mobile Cloudlet Networks', 2018 IEEE International Conference on Communications (ICC), 2018 IEEE International Conference on Communications (ICC 2018), IEEE, Kansas City, MO, USA.
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© 2018 IEEE. Mobile cloud computing has emerged as a pervasive paradigm to execute computing tasks for capacity- limited mobile devices. More specifically, at the network edge, the resource-rich and trusted cloudlet system is acting as a 'data center in a box' to support compute-intensive mobile applications. The mobile cloudlets can provide in-proximity services by executing the workloads for nearby devices. Nevertheless, load balancing in mobile cloudlet network is of great importance, as it has a huge impact on task response time. Existing methods for cloudlet load balancing basically rely on the strategic placement or user cooperation. However, the above solutions require the global task load information from the whole network, which is costly in both communication and computation. To achieve more efficient and low-cost load balancing, we propose 'CTOM', a Collaborative Task Offioading Mechanism for mobile cloudlet networks. Our solution is based on the balls-and-bins theory and can balance the task load only requiring limited information. Extensive simulations and evaluation based on mobility trace demonstrate that, our CTOM outperforms the conventional random and proportional allocation schemes by reducing the task gaps among mobile cloudlets by 65% and 55% respectively. Meanwhile, CTOM's performance is close to that of the greedy algorithm but with much lower computing complexity.
Forouzesh, M, Abdelhakim, A, Siwakoti, Y & Blaabjerg, F 1970, 'Analysis and design of an energy regenerative snubber for magnetically coupled impedance source converters', 2018 IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition (APEC), 2018 IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition (APEC), IEEE, San Antonio, TX, USA, pp. 2555-2561.
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© 2018 IEEE. Magnetically coupled impedance source (MCIS) converters are prone to high voltage spikes across the inverter bridge (or dc-link) due to the presence of leakage and stray inductances in the high frequency loop. The problem manifolds because of a shoot-through state in impedance source converters, which avoids application of a decoupling dc-link capacitor. This makes the impedance source converter less attractive for industry applications despite of its merits over the conventional voltage-fed and current-fed inverters. Only few attempts have been made in the literature to solve this problem, but the solutions are not generic (i.e. structure-oriented) and they are quite lossy with intuitive modification in the circuit itself, resulting in significant changes in the performance of the power converter (e.g. increase in components stresses). To address this concern, a general passive regenerative inductor-capacitor-diode (L-C-D) snubber is presented in this paper for all MCIS converters without any modification in the original circuit. The proposed circuit rechannel the leakage energy of the coupled magnetics and feedback it to input or network itself, which does not only avoid extreme voltage spikes across the inverter bridge but also improves the efficiency of the system. In this paper, the analysis of the proposed snubber is introduced with simulation results and experimental implementation of the proposed snubber in a 500 W three-phase quasi-Y-source inverter (qYSI) to verify the efficacy of the proposed solution.
Gamal, M, Abolhasan, M, Lipman, J, Liu, RP & Ni, W 1970, 'Multi Objective Resource Optimisation for Network Function Virtualisation Requests', 2018 26th International Conference on Systems Engineering (ICSEng), 2018 26th International Conference on Systems Engineering (ICSEng), IEEE, Sydney, Australia.
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© 2018 IEEE. Network function vitalization (NFV) as a new research concept, for both academia and industry, faces many challenges to network operators before it can be accepted into mainstream. One challenge addressed in this paper is to find the optimal placement f or a set of incoming requests with VNF service chains to serve in suitable Virtual Machines (VMs) such that a set of conflicting objectives are met. Mainly, focus is placed on maximizing the total saving cost by increasing the total CPU utilization during the processing time and increasing the processing time for every service request in the cloud network. Moreover, we aim to maximize the admitted traffic simultaneously while considering the system constraints. We formulate the problem as a multi-objective optimization problem and use a Resource Utilization Multi-Objective Evolutionary Algorithm based on Decomposition (RU-MOEA/D) algorithm to solve the problem considering the two objectives simultaneously. Extensive simulations are carried out to evaluate the effects of the different network sizes, genetic parameters and the number of server resources on the acceptable ratio of the arrival chains to serve in the available VMs. The empirical results illustrate that the proposed algorithm can solve the problem efficiently and compute the optimal solution for two objectives together within a reasonable running time.
Gao, X, Du, J, Zhang, T & Guo, YJ 1970, '0.34- THz High-Temperature Superconducting Josephson-Junction Mixer with Superior Noise and Conversion Performance', 2018 43rd International Conference on Infrared, Millimeter, and Terahertz Waves (IRMMW-THz), 2018 43rd International Conference on Infrared, Millimeter, and Terahertz Waves (IRMMW-THz 2018), IEEE, Nagoya, Japan.
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© 2018 IEEE. We present, in this work, a new thin-film antenna-coupled high-temperature superconducting (HTS) Josephson-junction terahertz (THz) mixer that demonstrates superior performance at frequencies around 0.34 THz. A novel dual-meander-slot thin-film antenna is designed to significantly improve the antenna-junction impedance matching and thus more efficient coupling of the THz signal power. Theoretical and experimental investigations are carried out to evaluate the mixer performance. This mixer can be applied to the sensitive THz wireless receivers.
Gao, X, Zhang, T, Du, J & Jay Guo, Y 1970, '300-GHz Dual-Beam Frequency-Selective On-Chip Antenna for High Tc Superconducting Receivers', ISAP 2018 - 2018 International Symposium on Antennas and Propagation, International Symposium on Antennas and Propagation (ISAP), IEEE, Busan, SOUTH KOREA.
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This paper presents a novel terahertz (THz) on-chip antenna design for highT -c superconducting (HTS) heterodyne receiver frontends. The antenna includes a two-element ring-slot array in conjunction with a hemispherical lens, which generates highly-directional dual radiation beams with stable angular separation, thus significantly facilitating the quasi-optics design for coupling radio-frequency (RF) and local oscillator (LO) THz signals. Besides, a double-layered band-pass frequency selective surface (FSS) is designed, and integrated in the THz on-chip antenna to filter out external interferences other than 300-GHz band for maximizing the HTS receiver frontend's noise performance. Numerical simulation shows that the antenna achieves a coupling efficiency of -3.5 dB and a realized gain of 13.5 dB at 300 GHz, and exhibits very stable radiation performance over the whole operating bandwidth of 283 to 316 GHz.
Gautam, S, Dah-Chuan Lu, D, Xiao, W & Lu, Y 1970, 'Feasibility Study on Using Electrical Home Appliances for Distributed Reactive Power Support', 2018 IEEE 27th International Symposium on Industrial Electronics (ISIE), 2018 IEEE 27th International Symposium on Industrial Electronics (ISIE), IEEE, Cairns, QLD, Australia, pp. 48-54.
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© 2018 IEEE. This paper studies the feasibility of using home appliances for distributed reactive power support. The potential, framework, and requirement of power electronics are discussed to enhance grid stability and power quality. The required modification in topology and control of appliance power supplies, and additional requirement of communication and control are investigated and analyzed. Simulation study is presented to demonstrate the feasibility, coordination and control of the ac/dc and dc/ac stages for the potential implementation.
Ghabrial, A, Franklin, D & Zaidi, H 1970, 'Characterization of the scatter component in large axial field-of-view PET scanners: a Monte Carlo simulation study', 2018 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference Proceedings (NSS/MIC), 2018 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference (NSS/MIC), IEEE.
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© 2018 IEEE. A simulation study was conducted to estimate the scatter fraction (SF) and to determine the most suitable line source radial offset displacement required to measure the SF for the total body long axial field-of-view (LAFOV) PET scanner by simulating different cylindrical and anthropomorphic digital phantoms. Simulations are conducted using a scanner model together with scatter phantoms adapted from the NEMA NU-2 2007 scatter phantom design, modified to suit the dimensions of the respective scanners, with line sources of various activities placed at a 45 mm radial offset. SF estimates obtained using the NEMA protocol are compared to values obtained with uniformly filled water phantom of the same length. A whole-body study is conducted using a set of 12 anthropomorphic phantoms with different BMIs, with different organs and anatomical structures filled with realistic concentrations of 18F-FDG. The SF obtained at 45 mm radial offset using 1 kBq/ml with the 200 cm (LAFOV scanner) and 70 cm (mCT) cylindrical phantoms are 40.07% and 34.35%, respectively. In both cases, a comparison with the SF estimate obtained with a uniformly filled cylindrical phantom shows that the NEMA NU2-2007 phantom with the line source positioned at the recommended radial offset of 45 mm significantly overestimates the SF. Instead, it was found that for both scanners, the optimal radial offset for accurate estimation of the SF was approximately 60 mm. High SF correlation coefficients were obtained between the SFs estimated with anthropomorphic phantoms with realistic biodistribution of 18F-FDG and an equivalent volume cylindrical phantom for the LAFOV PET scanner; in addition, BMI was strongly positively correlated with SF. The SF is found to be higher for the LAFOV compared with the mCT PET scanner. The optimal radial displacement for a LAFOV PET scanner using a NEMA-like phantom was found to be 60 mm, compared to the value of 45 mm suggested by the NEMA protocol.
Ghosh, S & Lee, JE-Y 1970, 'Lorentz Force Magnetic Sensors Based on Piezoelectric Aluminum Nitride on Silicon Micromechanical Resonators', 2018 IEEE 13th Annual International Conference on Nano/Micro Engineered and Molecular Systems (NEMS), 2018 IEEE 13th Annual International Conference on Nano/Micro Engineered and Molecular Systems (NEMS), IEEE.
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Ghosh, S, Nathan, K, Long, T, Tripathi, P & Siwakoti, Y 1970, 'Single Phase Integrated Ćuk Transformerless SiC Inverter for Grid-Connected PV Systems', 2018 1st Workshop on Wide Bandgap Power Devices and Applications in Asia (WiPDA Asia), 2018 1st Workshop on Wide Bandgap Power Devices and Applications in Asia (WiPDA Asia), IEEE, pp. 18-22.
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© 2018 IEEE. This paper proposes a new single-phase transformerless inverter, using the principle of Ćuk converter for grid-connected photovoltaic (PV) systems. The new inverter has a common ground between the grid and the PV source, which helps to eliminate the leakage current in grid-connected PV application. Unlike common-ground type charge-pump based transformerless inverters, this topology eliminates inrush current and hence reduces the current stress on the components. Further, application of wide band-gap devices, such as SiC MOSFETs allows higher switching frequency to be achieved, and thus reduction of the size of the passive components. A novel switching strategy proposed here, allows current in both directions, positive and negative (to the load/grid or from the load/grid, for reactive loads), making the converter suitable for grid connection (unity power factor), as well as stand-alone operation with a reactive load. A prototype of the proposed converter has been fabricated, and experimental results has been presented also.
Gorski, T, Bednarski, J & Chaczko, Z 1970, 'Blockchain-based renewable energy exchange management system', 2018 26th International Conference on Systems Engineering (ICSEng), 2018 26th International Conference on Systems Engineering (ICSEng), IEEE, Sydney, Australia, Australia, pp. 1-6.
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The paper presents the concept of renewable energy
management system. The idea behind the system is to exploit
the potential of renewable energy generation sources so as
to provide additional energy services and participation in a
competitive energy market. These actions can significantly affect
the shortening of the period of return on investment of individual
customer in renewable energy sources. The paper contains a
concept of Electricity Consumption and Supply Management
System (ECSM) with application of blockchain technology.
ECSM provides functionality to monitor and record continuously
information about inbound and outbound energy to/from power
grid. Except monitoring inbound and outbound energy, solution
will provide the possibility to manage in automatic and manual
way when energy should be sent to energy grid. Information
about inbound/outbound energy will be part of smart contract
which will be confirmed and stored in every node.
Gu, Y, Cui, Q, Ni, W, Zhang, P & Zhuang, W 1970, 'Optimal Scheduling across Heterogeneous Air Interfaces of LTE/WiFi Aggregation', 2018 IEEE International Conference on Communications (ICC), 2018 IEEE International Conference on Communications (ICC 2018), IEEE.
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Gunawardane, K, Subasinghage, K & Kularatna, N 1970, 'Efficiency enhanced linear DC-DC converter topology with integrated DC-UPS capability', 2018 IEEE International Conference on Industrial Technology (ICIT), 2018 IEEE International Conference on Industrial Technology (ICIT), IEEE.
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Guo, D, Zhao, W, Cui, Y, Wang, Z, Chen, S & Zhang, J 1970, 'Siamese Network Based Features Fusion for Adaptive Visual Tracking', Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics), International Conference on Artificial Intelligence, Springer International Publishing, China, pp. 759-771.
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© Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2018. Visual object tracking is a popular but challenging problem in computer vision. The main challenge is the lack of priori knowledge of the tracking target, which may be only supervised of a bounding box given in the first frame. Besides, the tracking suffers from many influences as scale variations, deformations, partial occlusions and motion blur, etc. To solve such a challenging problem, a suitable tracking framework is demanded to adopt different tracking scenes. This paper presents a novel approach for robust visual object tracking by multiple features fusion in the Siamese Network. Hand-crafted appearance features and CNN features are combined to mutually compensate for their shortages and enhance the advantages. The proposed network is processed as follows. Firstly, different features are extracted from the tracking frames. Secondly, the extracted features are employed via Correlation Filter respectively to learn corresponding templates, which are used to generate response maps respectively. And finally, the multiple response maps are fused to get a better response map, which can help to locate the target location more accurately. Comprehensive experiments are conducted on three benchmarks: Temple-Color, OTB50 and UAV123. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed approach achieves state-of-the-art performance on these benchmarks.
Ha Pham, N, Mannen, T & Wada, K 1970, 'Boost Integrated Three-Phase Solar Inverter using Current Unfolding and Active Damping Methods', 2018 International Power Electronics Conference (IPEC-Niigata 2018 -ECCE Asia), 2018 International Power Electronics Conference (IPEC-Niigata 2018-ECCE Asia), IEEE, Niigata, Japan, pp. 1414-1420.
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This paper proposes a three-phase grid connected solar inverter with integrated boost function. The circuit operating principle is based on current unfolding and injection method, which is similar to that of a SWISS rectifier. This approach requires only two high frequency switches operating at only half voltage stress, thus leading to a significant reduction in switching losses. Other switches only operate at line frequency, and therefore can be optimized to reduce conduction losses. The proposed inverter therefore can deliver high efficiency. This paper discusses the basic operating principle as well as control method for the inverter. It is revealed that the output currents of the proposed inverter contains intrinsic oscillation due to current unfolding operation. In order to solve this problem, an active damping method is proposed to stabilize the operation. As a result, stable operation of the proposed method is confirmed by simulation. The feasibility of the proposed inverter is also confirmed using a mini laboratory prototype.
Habib Khan, MN, Forouzesh, M, Siwakoti, YP & Li, L 1970, 'Novel High Efficiency H-Bridge Transformerless Inverter for Grid-Connected Single-Phase Photovoltaic Systems', 2018 IEEE Region Ten Symposium (Tensymp), 2018 IEEE Region Ten Symposium (Tensymp), IEEE, Sydney, pp. 95-99.
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© 2018 IEEE. This paper proposes a new H-bridge type transformerless inverter for grid-connected photovoltaic (PV) application. The proposed H-bridge zero voltage switch controlled rectifier (HB-ZVSCR) inverter uses additional switches and diodes at the AC side with voltage clamping feature to the DC midpoint. Main characteristics of the proposed inverter are the high conversion efficiency and low leakage current, which make it a suitable candidate for grid-connected PV applications. The analysis and operating principles of the proposed inverter are discussed in details. This theoretical findings has been simulated using PLECS software to verify the common mode voltage (CMV) and leakage current behaviors and the results are compared with similar existing midpoint voltage clamping inverter topologies (i.e. HB-ZVR and HB-ZVR-D). Furthermore, power loss and efficiency of the proposed inverter have been evaluated and compared with existing topologies.
Haider, N, Ali, A, He, Y & Dutkiewicz, E 1970, 'Performance Analysis of Full Duplex D2D in Opportunistic Spectrum Access', 2018 18th International Symposium on Communications and Information Technologies (ISCIT), 2018 18th International Symposium on Communications and Information Technologies (ISCIT), IEEE, Bangkok, Thailand, pp. 383-388.
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© 2018 IEEE. Opportunistic Spectrum Access (OSA) allows an efficient use of spectrum based on share-it or use-it principle and can be a viable solution for the challenging problem of spectrum scarcity. Emerging systems have been proposed for OSA, where primary users (PU) have guaranteed interference protection from secondary users (SU). The potential of Full Duplex (FD) and Device-To-device (D2D) technologies in 5G has proven to be promising for increasing data rates and network capacity. In this article using stochastic geometry and random graphs, we model and assess the D2D operations in full Duplex/half Duplex mode for SUs, while protecting the PU's transmission by defining the exclusion zone (EZ). Depending on the location and transmit power of D2D users, the induced aggregate interference should not violate the interference threshold for EZ of PUs. For this, we characterize the interference from D2D links and derive the probability for successful D2D users for half-duplex and full duplex modes. Analyses is further supported by extensive simulations results.
Haihan Sun, Can Ding & Guo, YJ 1970, 'Wideband base station antenna with reduced beam squint', 12th European Conference on Antennas and Propagation (EuCAP 2018), 12th European Conference on Antennas and Propagation (EuCAP 2018), Institution of Engineering and Technology, London, UK.
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© 2018 Institution of Engineering and Technology.All Rights Reserved. This paper presents the design procedure, theoretical analysis, and experimental results of a novel wideband dual-polarized base station antenna. The proposed antenna consists of four electric folded dipoles arranged in an octagon shape that are excited simultaneously for each polarization. It provides the ±45° slant-polarized radiation that meets all the required specifications for base station antenna elements. Experimental results show that the proposed dual-polarized antenna has a wide bandwidth of 46.4% from 1.69 GHz to 2.71 GHz with 15 dB return loss. Across this wide bandwidth, the variations of the half-power-beamwidths (HPBWs) of the two polarizations are all within 66.5° ± 5.5°, port-to-port isolation is > 30 dB, the cross-polarization discrimination (XPD) is > 20 dB and, most importantly, the beam squint is < 4° with a maximum 10° down-tilt.
Hamilton, TJ, Doai, J, Milne, A, Saisanas, V, Calilhanna, A, Hilton, C, Goldwater, M & Cohn, R 1970, 'Teaching Mathematics with Music: A Pilot Study', 2018 IEEE International Conference on Teaching, Assessment, and Learning for Engineering (TALE), 2018 IEEE International Conference on Teaching, Assessment, and Learning for Engineering (TALE), IEEE, pp. 927-931.
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© 2018 IEEE. A solid foundation in mathematics is paramount to a comprehensive STEM education. Many students, however, struggle with connecting mathematical concepts with their everyday life and find its symbolic nomenclature unintuitive; subsequently this can be a significant barrier for many students in undertaking further STEM studies. In this paper we describe a pilot study which aims to determine whether understanding in mathematics, and specifically, fractions, equivalence, ordinance, and division, improves when we employ music and musical rhythm in our lessons. This pilot study is currently being trialed at a public high school in Sydney's South-West and despite the fact that the study is ongoing, preliminary data suggest students are responding to this novel teaching methodology. In this paper we report increases in both test performance and, importantly, student engagement.
Hasan, MM & Ahmed, F 1970, 'A Compact Planar Multiband Antenna based on Driven Monopole and Protruded Ground Branch for Wireless Applications', 2018 4th International Conference on Electrical Engineering and Information & Communication Technology (iCEEiCT), 2018 4th International Conference on Electrical Engineering and Information & Communication Technology (iCEEiCT), IEEE, Milit Inst Sci & Technol, Dhaka, BANGLADESH, pp. 152-155.
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Hasan, SU, Shaffer, B, Hassan, HA, Scott, MJ, Siwakoti, Y & Town, GE 1970, 'Common-ground transformerless inverter for solar photovoltaic module', 2018 IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition (APEC), 2018 IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition (APEC), IEEE, San Antonio, TX, USA, pp. 167-172.
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© 2018 IEEE. This paper presents a new single-phase transformerless inverter providing common ground for grid-connected photovoltaic (PV) systems. It consists of 5 switches, one diode, one capacitor, one small inductor and a small filter at the output stage. A simple Unipolar Sinusoidal Pulse-Width Modulation (SPWM) technique is used to operate the proposed inverter to minimize losses, output current ripple, filter requirements and improve its electromagnetic compatibility (EMC). The proposed topology shares a common ground with the grid and a capacitor is utilized as a virtual DC bus to provide the negative power cycle of the inverter. The capacitor is charged regardless of any switching cycle using a dedicated switch which can in turn reduce the size of capacitor in relation to the switching frequency. The peak ac output voltage is equal to the input DC voltage which reduces the requirement of the high input DC voltages. Simulation and experimental results for a 1 kW prototype are presented to demonstrate the usefulness of the proposed topology.
Hassan, W, Lu, D & Xiao, W 1970, 'Optimal Analysis and Design of DC-DC Converter to Achieve High Voltage Conversion Gain and High Efficiency for Renewable Energy Systems', 2018 IEEE 27th International Symposium on Industrial Electronics (ISIE), 2018 IEEE 27th International Symposium on Industrial Electronics (ISIE), IEEE, Cairns, QLD, Australia, pp. 439-444.
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© 2018 IEEE. High conversion gain of voltage is generally required to interface various renewable energy sources, such as PV modules. This paper focuses on the optimal analysis and design of non-isolated DC-DC converters to meet the high-step-up gain requirement and achieve high efficiency. The proposed topology utilizes the coupled inductor technique to achieve high step-up voltage conversion ratio. A power loss model is developed to identify losses in each component for efficiency enhancement. The switch has relatively low voltage stress since leakage energy is directly transferred to the output to avoid voltage spikes across it. In addition, the coupled inductor alleviated the reverse recovery issue of the diode. The circuit operation and steady-state analysis of the proposed converter are presented in detail. A prototype circuit is built and tested to prove the circuit analysis and optimal design.
Hayat, T, Esselle, KP, Afzal, MU & Singh, K 1970, '3D Printed All Dielectric Phase Correcting Surface for Resonant Cavity Antenna', 2018 IEEE Asia-Pacific Conference on Antennas and Propagation (APCAP), 2018 IEEE Asia-Pacific Conference on Antennas and Propagation (APCAP), IEEE, Auckland, NEW ZEALAND, pp. 214-215.
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Hoang, TM, El Shafie, A, Duong, TQ, Tuan, HD & Marshall, A 1970, 'Security in MIMO-OFDM SWIPT Networks', 2018 IEEE 29th Annual International Symposium on Personal, Indoor and Mobile Radio Communications (PIMRC), 2018 IEEE 29th Annual International Symposium on Personal, Indoor and Mobile Radio Communications (PIMRC), IEEE, Bologna, Italy.
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© 2018 IEEE. A multi-input multi-output (MIMO) orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) network in the presence of a passive eavesdropper is considered. The deployment of radio frequency power transfer at the receiver and the use of hybrid artificial noise at the transmitter are simultaneously taken into account. At the legal receiver, the cyclic prefix of each OFDM block is used for the purpose of harvesting energy. In parallel, the power-splitting SWIPT technique is additionally used. We then propose a trade-off problem to maximize the secrecy rate of the network while keeping the harvested energy above a given threshold. Throughout the numerical results, the performance of our proposed secure scheme is evaluated.
Hoang, VT, Phung, MD & Ha, QP 1970, 'Adaptive twisting sliding mode control for quadrotor unmanned aerial vehicles', Proceedings of the 2017 Asian Control Conference, ASCC 2017, Asian Control Conference, IEEE, Gold Coast, QLD, Australia, pp. 671-676.
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This work addresses the problem of robust attitude control of quadcopters.First, the mathematical model of the quadcopter is derived considering factorssuch as nonlinearity, external disturbances, uncertain dynamics and strongcoupling. An adaptive twisting sliding mode control algorithm is then developedwith the objective of controlling the quadcopter to track desired attitudesunder various conditions. For this, the twisting sliding mode control law ismodified with a proposed gain adaptation scheme to improve the controltransient and tracking performance. Extensive simulation studies andcomparisons with experimental data have been carried out for a Solo quadcopter.The results show that the proposed control scheme can achieve strong robustnessagainst disturbances while is adaptable to parametric variations.
Hoang, VT, Phung, MD, Dinh, TH & Ha, QP 1970, 'Angle-Encoded Swarm Optimization for UAV Formation Path Planning', 2018 IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems (IROS), 2018 IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems (IROS), IEEE, Madrid, Spain, pp. 5239-5244.
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© 2018 IEEE. This paper presents a novel and feasible path planning technique for a group of unmanned aerial vehicles (DAVs) conducting surface inspection of infrastructure. The ultimate goal is to minimise the travel distance of DAVs while simultaneously avoid obstacles, and maintain altitude constraints as well as the shape of the UAV formation. A multiple-objective optimisation algorithm, called the Angle-encoded Particle Swarm Optimization (θ- PSO) algorithm, is proposed to accelerate the swarm convergence with angular velocity and position being used for the location of particles. The whole formation is modelled as a virtual rigid body and controlled to maintain a desired geometric shape among the paths created while the centroid of the group follows a pre-determined trajectory. Based on the testbed of 3DR Solo drones equipped with a proprietary Mission Planner, and the Internet-of- Things (loT) for multi-directional transmission and reception of data between the DAV s, extensive experiments have been conducted for triangular formation maintenance along a monorail bridge. The results obtained confirm the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed approach.
Hora, JA, Dura, KDJ, Nabua, CMB, Nericua, RT, Gerasta, OJ, Dutkiewicz, E & Xi, Z 1970, 'A Design of Inverse Class-J Power Amplifier using Varactor Diode for 4G Communication Systems', 2018 IEEE 10th International Conference on Humanoid, Nanotechnology, Information Technology,Communication and Control, Environment and Management (HNICEM), 2018 IEEE 10th International Conference on Humanoid, Nanotechnology, Information Technology,Communication and Control, Environment and Management (HNICEM), IEEE, Baguio City, PHILIPPINES.
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Hora, JA, Piandong, DL, Empas, PEG, Gerasta, OJL, Zhu, X & Dutkiewicz, E 1970, 'A CMOS Implemented Transimpedance Amplifier Design for Optical Communications', 2018 IEEE 10th International Conference on Humanoid, Nanotechnology, Information Technology,Communication and Control, Environment and Management (HNICEM), 2018 IEEE 10th International Conference on Humanoid, Nanotechnology, Information Technology,Communication and Control, Environment and Management (HNICEM), IEEE, Baguio City, Philippines.
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© 2018 IEEE. A transimpedance amplifier for optical communication system is presented in this study. The design includes a regulated cascode and an interleaving active feedback to improve the bandwidth of the transimpedance amplifier. Multiple gain stages are also employed to greatly improve the output voltage. This is implemented in 32 nm CMOS technology using Custom Designer from Synopsys. The circuit is designed to compete with existing transimpedance amplifiers implemented in other technologies in the field of optical communications. The transimpedance amplifier design in this study has a gain of 54 dB and a bandwidth of 9.39 GHz. The layout measures 0.0011mm2 in area and the total power dissipated is 2.94 mW.
Hossain, SS, Hossain, MJ, Fernandez, E & Rahman, MS 1970, 'Design and analysis of an UFLS scheme for low-inertia based power grid', 2018 Australasian Universities Power Engineering Conference (AUPEC), 2018 Australasian Universities Power Engineering Conference (AUPEC), IEEE.
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© 2018 IEEE. A Significant change to power systems' dynamic behavior, especially frequency responses, following a contingency event is a major concern due to the high penetrations of low/inertia-less renewable energy sources. Power system inertia can be getting weaker with the integrations of renewable energy into the grid. As a result, sometimes the under frequency load shedding (UFLS) schemes fail to protect the frequency decline below the threshold limits with conventional settings. This paper addresses this problem and analyse the impacts of penetration of renewable energies into the power systems. Furthermore, a modified load-shedding method is proposed by considering the rate of change of frequency (ROCOF) and the total system's damping factor. Then a comparison study between proposed method and other methods (conventional and MILP) is presented. A 13-bus real power system is considered as test bus and several case studies are conducted using the Python based PSS/E simulation software platform. From the simulation results it is found that, the proposed load shedding method successfully restricts the frequency decline within a safe limits and thereby, avoids the possibility of major blackouts.
Huang, H, Xu, J, Zhang, J, Wu, Q & Kirsch, C 1970, 'Railway Infrastructure Defects Recognition using Fine-grained Deep Convolutional Neural Networks', 2018 Digital Image Computing: Techniques and Applications (DICTA), 2018 Digital Image Computing: Techniques and Applications (DICTA), IEEE, Canberra, Australia.
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© 2018 IEEE. Railway power supply infrastructure is one of the most important components of railway transportation. As the key step of railway maintenance system, power supply infrastructure defects recognition plays a vital role in the whole defects inspection sub-system. Traditional defects recognition task is performed manually, which is time-consuming and high-labor costing. Inspired by the great success of deep neural networks in dealing with different vision tasks, this paper presents an end-to-end deep network to solve the railway infrastructure defects detection problem. More importantly, this paper is the first work that adopts the idea of deep fine-grained classification to do railway defects detection. We propose a new bilinear deep network named Spatial Transformer And Bilinear Low-Rank (STABLR) model and apply it to railway infrastructure defects detection. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method outperforms both hand-craft features based machine learning methods and classic deep neural network methods.
Huang, J, Lin, W & Guo, YJ 1970, 'A Ultra-Light High Gain Circularly-Polarized Antenna Array for Mobile Satellite Terminals', 2018 IEEE International Symposium on Antennas and Propagation & USNC/URSI National Radio Science Meeting, 2018 IEEE International Symposium on Antennas and Propagation & USNC/URSI National Radio Science Meeting, IEEE, Boston, MA, USA, pp. 1233-1234.
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© 2018 IEEE. A ultra-light, compact, high gain 16 × 6 CP antenna array is presented in this paper for Ku band mobile satellite applications. The 96-element array consists of 24 2 × 2 CP sub arrays fed by a substrate-integrated-waveguide (SIW) network. Two essential and innovative techniques were adopted in this design. First, in order to achieve the ultra-light weight, the radiation patches were etched on the Polyimide film supported by a patterned foam. A piece of thin SIW network was designed to feed the radiators. The total weight of the fabricated array prototype is only 66.5 gram and profile is low as 0.05 λ0. Second, a sequential rotation (SQR) feeding technique was applied to the aperture fed 2 × 2 CP sub array, which realized more than three times bandwidth enhancement than the direct (non-SQR) feeding approach. In addition, the measured results show the CP-operational bandwidth is 700 MHz from 11.55 to 12.25 GHz. The peak realized gain is 26.4 dBic and gain variation is stable (less than 3 dB) cross the entire operating bandwidth. Be ultra-light and high gain, it is an excellent candidate for Ku band satellite applications.
Huang, W, Hua, W, Chen, F, Qi, J & Zhu, J 1970, 'Performance Improvement of Model Predictive Current Control of Fault-Tolerant Five-Phase Flux-Switching Permanent Magnet Motor Drive', 2018 IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition (ECCE), 2018 IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition (ECCE), IEEE, Portland, OR, pp. 3406-3412.
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Huynh, NV, Hoang, DT, Nguyen, DN, Dutkiewicz, E, Niyato, D & Wang, P 1970, 'Reinforcement Learning Approach for RF-Powered Cognitive Radio Network with Ambient Backscatter', 2018 IEEE Global Communications Conference, GLOBECOM 2018 - Proceedings, IEEE Global Communications Conference, IEEE, UAE.
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For an RF-powered cognitive radio network with ambient backscatteringcapability, while the primary channel is busy, the RF-powered secondary user(RSU) can either backscatter the primary signal to transmit its own data orharvest energy from the primary signal (and store in its battery). Theharvested energy then can be used to transmit data when the primary channelbecomes idle. To maximize the throughput for the secondary system, it iscritical for the RSU to decide when to backscatter and when to harvest energy.This optimal decision has to account for the dynamics of the primary channel,energy storage capability, and data to be sent. To tackle that problem, wepropose a Markov decision process (MDP)-based framework to optimize RSU'sdecisions based on its current states, e.g., energy, data as well as theprimary channel state. As the state information may not be readily available atthe RSU, we then design a low-complexity online reinforcement learningalgorithm that guides the RSU to find the optimal solution without requiringprior- and complete-information from the environment. The extensive simulationresults then clearly show that the proposed solution achieves higherthroughputs, i.e., up to 50%, than that of conventional methods.
Ibrahim, IA & Hossain, MJ 1970, 'The Technical, Operational and Energy Policy Issues for Developing Photovoltaic Systems: A Review', 2018 IEEE Region Ten Symposium (Tensymp), 2018 IEEE Region Ten Symposium (Tensymp), IEEE, IEEE New S Wales Sect, Sydney, AUSTRALIA, pp. 100-105.
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© 2018 IEEE. In recent years, photovoltaic (PV) units are getting popular in different countries, including Australia, as they contribute to reducing green-house gas (GHG) emissions and enhancing energy efficiency. However, several technical and economic challenges need to be addressed to ensure maximum benefit from this renewable generation. Moreover, the development of energy policies and regulations also affects the development of such systems. Therefore, this paper aims to review several technical, operational and energy policy issues for developing reliable and efficient PV systems. In addition, this paper summarizes the existing modeling and sizing methods, the maximum power point tracking (MPPT) techniques, and the interface power-electronic devices in this field. Moreover, recommendations for future researchers and investors for developing such systems are provided in this research paper.
Isaac, N, Sampath, N & Gay, V 1970, 'Modernising Asthma Management: Personalised Asthma Action Plans Using a Smartphone Application', 2018 12th International Symposium on Medical Information and Communication Technology (ISMICT), 2018 12th International Symposium on Medical Information and Communication Technology (ISMICT), IEEE, Sydney, Australia.
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Isaac, N, Sampath, N & Gay, V 1970, 'SAM Smart Asthma Monitoring: Focus on Air Quality Data and Internet of Things (IoT)', 2018 12th International Symposium on Medical Information and Communication Technology (ISMICT), 2018 12th International Symposium on Medical Information and Communication Technology (ISMICT), IEEE, Sydney, Australia.
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Islam, M, Yang, F, Hossain, J, Ekanayeke, C & Tayab, UB 1970, 'Battery Energy Management to Minimize the Grid Fluctuation in Residential Microgrids', 2018 Australasian Universities Power Engineering Conference (AUPEC), 2018 Australasian Universities Power Engineering Conference (AUPEC), IEEE.
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© 2018 IEEE. The stochastic nature of renewable resources and loads leads to a large fluctuation of grid power in a grid-tied microgrid (MG) operation. Integrate battery energy storage system in MG is popular way to handle the stochastic nature of renewable resources to feed the stochastic load. In this paper, a battery management strategy is proposed using golden section search algorithm to minimize the grid power fluctuation by securing the battery constraints. The algorithm is applied in energy management system (EMS) of MG to minimize the grid peak power and grid power variation within a 24 hours duration by considering the random nature of renewable generations. The proposed battery management strategy is verified through the simulation experiment in a residential AC MG.
Jamborsalamati, P, Moghimi, M, Hossain, MJ, Taghizadeh, S, Lu, J & Konstantinou, G 1970, 'A Framework for Evaluation of Power Grid Resilience Case Study: 2016 South Australian Blackout', 2018 IEEE International Conference on Environment and Electrical Engineering and 2018 IEEE Industrial and Commercial Power Systems Europe (EEEIC / I&CPS Europe), 2018 IEEE International Conference on Environment and Electrical Engineering and 2018 IEEE Industrial and Commercial Power Systems Europe (EEEIC / I&CPS Europe), IEEE, Univ Palermo, Palermo, ITALY.
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Jauregi Unanue, I, Zare Borzeshi, E & Piccardi, M 1970, 'A Shared Attention Mechanism for Interpretation of Neural Automatic Post-Editing Systems', Proceedings of the 2nd Workshop on Neural Machine Translation and Generation, Proceedings of the 2nd Workshop on Neural Machine Translation and Generation, Association for Computational Linguistics, Melbourne, Australia, pp. 11-17.
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Automatic post-editing (APE) systems aim to correct the systematic errors made by machine translators. In this paper, we propose a neural APE system that encodes the source (src) and machine translated (mt) sentences with two separate encoders, but leverages a shared attention mechanism to better understand how the two inputs contribute to the generation of the post-edited (pe) sentences. Our empirical observations have showed that when the mt is incorrect, the attention shifts weight toward tokens in the src sentence to properly edit the incorrect translation. The model has been trained and evaluated on the official data from the WMT16 and WMT17 APE IT domain English-German shared tasks. Additionally, we have used the extra 500K artificial data provided by the shared task. Our system has been able to reproduce the accuracies of systems trained with the same data, while at the same time providing better interpretability.
Jin, Z, Sun, X, Chen, L, Yang, Z, Zhu, J, Guo, Y & Lei, G 1970, 'Optimization of a Five-Phase E-core Bearingless Flux-Switching Permanent Magnet Motor for Flywheel Batteries', 2018 IEEE International Conference on Applied Superconductivity and Electromagnetic Devices (ASEMD), 2018 IEEE International Conference on Applied Superconductivity and Electromagnetic Devices (ASEMD), IEEE, Tianjin, China.
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© 2018 IEEE. In this paper, a five-phase E-core bearingless fluxswitching permanent magnet (BSFPM) motor for flywheel batteries is proposed and optimized. First, the structure and the principle of the BSFPM motor are described simply. Second, the trial and error method is used to obtain the most reasonable relationship of center tooth arc width and edge tooth arc width, and then the electromagnetic torque and suspension force after optimization are got. The motor after optimization has smoother five-phase flux-linkage and the disturbance of the torque and suspension force decrease.
Kashif, M, Hossain, MJ, Kafle, YR, Fernandez, E, Nawazish Ali, SM & Sharma, V 1970, 'Communication Architecture, Technologies, and Requirement for Modern Energy Systems', 2018 Australasian Universities Power Engineering Conference (AUPEC), 2018 Australasian Universities Power Engineering Conference (AUPEC), IEEE.
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© 2018 IEEE. A smart grid is an efficient and reliable means of power delivery to the end user that integrates various communication systems. The role of communication in a smart grid is crucial. The smart grid can be considered as an evolved modern grid having high reliability, efficiency and two-way communications between end users and the utility. It consists of proper communication devices which serve both utility and the end user. Moreover, it gives the opportunity for large scale integration of renewable energy, electric vehicles, and various other products and services. It combines digital intelligence, communication and advanced metering solution deployment in devices and services. Communication is an integral part that can facilitate real-time billing, maintenance, control and optimization of electricity usage. Various communication networks can be implemented in the smart grid. The main aim of this paper is to present the contemporary communication scenario in the smart grid in terms of technology, devices, network architecture and requirements in transmission and distributed energy systems.
Kempegowda, SM & Chaczko, Z 1970, 'Essential Skill of Enterprise Architect Practitioners for Digital Era', 2018 26th International Conference on Systems Engineering (ICSEng), 2018 26th International Conference on Systems Engineering (ICSEng), IEEE, Sydney, Australia, pp. 1-5.
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The technology landscape has evolved from
Mainframe to Digital platform. In this paper, we are proposing
the skills that are essential for an Enterprise Architect to be
successful in the Digital Era.
Kempegowda, SM & Chaczko, Z 1970, 'Industry 4.0 Complemented with EA Approach: A Proposal for Digital Transformation Success', 2018 26th International Conference on Systems Engineering (ICSEng), 2018 26th International Conference on Systems Engineering (ICSEng), IEEE, Sydney, Australia.
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Manufacturing industry based on steam know as
Industry 1.0 is evolving to Industry 4.0 a digital ecosystem
consisting of an interconnected automated system with realtime
data. This paper investigates and proposes, how
the digital ecosystem complemented with Enterprise
Architecture practice will ensure the success of digital
transformation.
Kempegowda, SM & Chaczko, Z 1970, 'The optimum number of Principles ideal for Enterprise Architecture practice', 2018 26th International Conference on Systems Engineering (ICSEng), 2018 26th International Conference on Systems Engineering (ICSEng), IEEE, Sydney, Australia, pp. 1-4.
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Every organization defines Principles for Enterprise Architecture (EA) practice. As there is no set standard, the principles identified exceeds the recommended number 20 by TOGAF. More the number of Principles defined it will be ignored by the Enterprise Architects instead referring for their decision making. In this paper, we identify the ideal number of principles that will motivate Architects to refer to perform their task
Khan, AA, Abolhasan, M & Ni, W 1970, '5G next generation VANETs using SDN and fog computing framework', 2018 15th IEEE Annual Consumer Communications & Networking Conference (CCNC), 2018 15th IEEE Annual Consumer Communications & Networking Conference (CCNC), IEEE, Las Vegas, NV, USA, pp. 1-6.
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© 2018 IEEE. The growth of technical revolution towards 5G Next generation networks is expected to meet various communication requirements of future Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS). Motivated by the consumer needs for variety of ITS applications, bandwidth, high speed and ubiquity, researches are currently exploring different network architectures and techniques, which could be employed in Next generation ITS. To provide flexible network management, control and high resource utilization in Vehicular Ad-hoc Networks (VANETs) on large scale, a new hierarchical 5G Next generation VANET architecture is proposed. The key idea of this holistic architecture is to integrate the centralization and flexibility of Software Defined Networking (SDN) and Cloud-RAN (CRAN), with 5G communication technologies, to effectively allocate resources with a global view. Moreover, a fog computing framework (comprising of zones and clusters) has been proposed at the edge, to avoid frequent handovers between vehicles and RSUs. The transmission delay, throughput and control overhead on controller are analyzed and compared with other architectures. Simulation results indicate reduced transmission delay and minimized control overhead on controllers. Moreover, the throughput of proposed system is also improved.
Khan, MNH, Forouzesh, M, Siwakoti, YP, Li, L, Kerekes, T & Blaabjerg, F 1970, 'A Classification of Single-Phase Transformerless Inverter Topologies for Photovoltaic Applications', 2018 IEEE Region Ten Symposium (Tensymp), 2018 IEEE Region Ten Symposium (Tensymp), IEEE, Sydney, Australia, pp. 174-179.
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© 2018 IEEE. In Photovoltaic (PV) applications, a transformer is often used to provide galvanic isolation and voltage ratio transformations. However, a transformer based inverter is bulky and has high conduction losses, therefore lead to a reduction in the inverter efficiency. To overcome this issue, the transformerless inverter topologies are addressed widely, but the main challenge of a transformerless inverter is common mode issue. Numerous topological modifications with their control and modulation techniques makes them difficult to follow, generalize and highlight the advantages and disadvantages. To address the issue, this paper gives an overview on transformerless inverter and classify them into subsection to discuss the merit and demerit of some of the major topologies. Five subsections based on common mode behavior, voltage clamping and decoupling techniques have been demonstrated (i.e., common ground, mid-point clamping, AC-decoupling, DC-decoupling and AC+DC decoupling). To verify the finding and for general consensus, major transformerless topologies are simulated using PLECS. A general summary is presented at the end to stimulate readers to acknowledge the problems and identify solutions.
Khawaldeh, HA, Aljarajreh, H, Al-Soeidat, M, Lu, DD-C & Li, L 1970, 'Performance Investigation of a PV Emulator Using Current Source and Diode String', 2018 26th International Conference on Systems Engineering (ICSEng), 2018 26th International Conference on Systems Engineering (ICSEng), IEEE, Sydney, Australia, Australia, pp. 1-5.
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© 2018 IEEE. Energy emulator is a specific t ype o f p ower electronic system to mimic the electrical behavior of an energy source and facilitate the testing of energy system. This paper presents a study of a photovoltaic (PV) emulator which is formed by a current source, a diode string and some resistors. It is constructed according to the one-diode photovoltaic model. Unlike the previous study, this paper focuses on using the model equations to design the circuit parameters of the emulator to mimic a selected PV panel and evaluate the circuit performance from both electrical and thermal perspectives. A laboratory experimental setup is built and tested to verify the design. The emulator is power efficient a t t he m aximum p ower p oint. The highest power dissipation of the circuit occurs at the open-circuit voltage operating point.
Khruahong, S, Kong, X, Sandrasegaran, K & Liu, L 1970, 'Develop An Indoor Space Ontology For Finding Lost Properties for Location-Based Service of Smart City', 2018 18th International Symposium on Communications and Information Technologies (ISCIT), 2018 18th International Symposium on Communications and Information Technologies (ISCIT), IEEE, Bangkok, Thailand, pp. 54-59.
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Location-based services (LBS) provide location awareness intelligence to smart buildings. Finding lost properties in complex buildings using information and communication technologies (ICT) will be one of the LBS for smart city initiatives. The valued properties such as briefcase, mobile phone, wallet, handbag, and laptop may have a chance to be lost or are moved to somewhere in a building. If the property is lost, it could be staying in the same area when it was lost or be moved to anywhere both outside and inside building. GPS technique is used to search the lost property on the outdoor by the mobile or web application. However, indoor environment, it is very restrictive and doesn't have standard devices for looking for the property. Moreover, inside the building, some situations lead to being complicated such as closing corridor, electric shut down, or closing escalator. In this research, we develop an indoor space ontology model for finding the indoor lost property. The Bluetooth Low Energy devices (BLE) are applied to this research for analyzing the indoor locations. This ontology presents both static and dynamic location information for assisting BLE devices, users, and lost property. The privacy policy is design into the ontology to consider accessing to private lost property. This ontology can apply to 3-step searching process: computing user current location, determine property location and find lost property.
Kiyani, A, Esselle, KP, Afzal, MU, Matekovits, L & Hashmi, RM 1970, 'A Low-Profile Phase Correcting Solution to Improve Directivity of Horn Antenna', 2018 International Conference on Electromagnetics in Advanced Applications (ICEAA), 2018 International Conference on Electromagnetics in Advanced Applications (ICEAA), IEEE, pp. 332-333.
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© 2018 IEEE. In this paper, we present a phase-corrected horn antenna with improved directivity. An increase in the horn aperture size results in a significantly non-uniform phase distribution contributing to the poor radiation characteristics. A low-profile phase correction surface (PCS) is therefore designed to address this problem. Significant improvement has been achieved in the horn antenna performance by placing the proposed PCS right at the mouth of the horn. The near-field transformation method is applied to demonstrate an improvement of 10 dBi in the peak directivity at the operating frequency of 11 GHz. This feature can be extended to manipulate the far-field pattern of horn and even for beam steering applications.
Klempous, R, Berenguel, M, Chaczko, Z, Rozenblit, JW & Nikodem, J 1970, 'Vitae Summary: Contributions of Prof. Klempous', 2018 IEEE 22nd International Conference on Intelligent Engineering Systems (INES), 2018 IEEE 22nd International Conference on Intelligent Engineering Systems (INES), IEEE, pp. 000011-000012.
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This brief paper presents an overview of the main achievements of Prof. R. Klempous in his collaborations with the Automatic Control, Robotics an Mechatronics research group of CIESOL Center at Universidad de Almeria and the Platforma Solar de Almería, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Arizona, Tucson and University of Technology, Sydney.
Koli, MNY, Afzal, MU, Esselle, K & Islam, MZ 1970, 'A high gain radial line slot array antenna for satellite reception', 2018 Australian Microwave Symposium (AMS), 2018 Australian Microwave Symposium (AMS), IEEE, Brisbane, AUSTRALIA, pp. 65-66.
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Koli, NY, Afzal, M, Esselle, KP, Hashmi, R & Islam, MZ 1970, 'A Linearly Polarised Radial Line Slot Array Antenna with Reflection Cancelling Slots', 2018 IEEE Region Ten Symposium (Tensymp), 2018 IEEE Region Ten Symposium (Tensymp), IEEE, IEEE New S Wales Sect, Sydney, AUSTRALIA, pp. 166-168.
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Koli, NY, Afzal, MU, Esselle, KP & Islam, MZ 1970, 'Investigation on Aperture Field Distribution of Circularly Polarised Radial Line Slot Array Antennas', 2018 IEEE Asia-Pacific Conference on Antennas and Propagation (APCAP), 2018 IEEE Asia-Pacific Conference on Antennas and Propagation (APCAP), IEEE, Auckland, NEW ZEALAND, pp. 462-463.
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Kovaleva, M, Bulger, D, Khokle, RP & Esselle, KP 1970, 'Application of the Cross-Entropy Method to Electromagnetic Optimisation Problems', 2018 IEEE International Symposium on Antennas and Propagation & USNC/URSI National Radio Science Meeting, 2018 IEEE International Symposium on Antennas and Propagation & USNC/URSI National Radio Science Meeting, IEEE, Boston, MA, pp. 1595-1596.
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Kumar, R, Nguyen, TH, Agrawal, A, Sun, T & Grattan, KTV 1970, 'Estimation of the aspect-ratio distribution in chemically synthesized gold nanorods solution using UV-visible absorption spectroscopy', Journal of Physics: Conference Series, World Congress of the International Measurement Federation, IOP Publishing, Belfast, UK, pp. 032023-032023.
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© Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd. A rapid and ubiquitous method to characterize samples of chemically synthesized Gold Nano Rods (GNRs) is by measuring their UV-visible spectra. The presence of transverse and longitudinal surface plasmon resonance peaks in UV-visible spectra indicate the presence of GNRs. However, the quality of the synthesised sample, and thus their performance in various sensor applications, depends on the geometrical variations of the GNRs present in the solution. As a result, an algorithm has been developed to estimate the Aspect Ratio (AR) variation of the GNRs present by theoretically fitting to the longitudinal surface plasmon resonance peak of the UV-visible spectrum. After numerically benchmarking has been undertaken, the developed algorithm has been used to calculate the mean and standard deviation of the ARs in two synthesized samples, showing that this method offers a fast and cost-effective alternative to Transmission Electron Microscopy.
Lai, J, Feng, B, Zeng, Q & Su, S 1970, 'A Dual-Band Dual-Polarized Omnidirectional Antenna for 2G/3G/LTE Indoor System Applications', 2018 IEEE International Conference on Signal Processing, Communications and Computing (ICSPCC), 2018 IEEE International Conference on Signal Processing, Communications and Computing (ICSPCC), IEEE, Qingdao, China, pp. 1-3.
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© 2018 IEEE. In this paper, we presented a dual-band dual-polarized (DP) omnidirectional antenna for 2G/3G/Long Term Evolution (LTE) indoor communication systems. Two modified cones compose the vertical polarized (VP) unit, which exhibits good omnidirectional radiation performance and achieves a wide impedance bandwidth. The loop antenna and the printed circular dipole arm arrays are arranged on the top end and middle end of the VP unit, respectively. They are connected by a commercial diplexer as the horizontal polarized (HP) units. Simulated results indicated that an impedance bandwidth of 790 MHz-1.14 GHz and 1.72-3.51GHz can be achieved for VP while another one of 806-980 MHz and 1.68-2.99 GHz is also obtained for HP. In the azimuth plane, omnidirectional radiation patterns for both VP and HP are achieved. For the lower and upper frequency bandsmore than 1 dBi and 3 dBi antenna gain are realized for both of the VP and HP radiations, respectively. Better port-to-port isolation, low cross polarization and little gain variation are also acquired.
Lalbakhsh, A, Afzal, MU, Esselle, KP & Smith, SL 1970, 'A High-gain Wideband EBG Resonator Antenna for 60 GHz Unlicenced Frequency Band', 12th European Conference on Antennas and Propagation (EuCAP 2018), 12th European Conference on Antennas and Propagation (EuCAP 2018), Institution of Engineering and Technology.
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© Institution of Engineering and Technology.All Rights Reserved. This paper presents a wideband electromagnetic band gap resonator antenna with a peak directivity of 15.5 dB. A partially reflecting surface (PRS) composed of four concentric rings of different permittivity are designed to create wideband radiation patterns. The 3-dB directivity fractional bandwidth at the center frequency of 62.7 GHz is 27.6%.
Lalbakhsh, A, Esselle, KP, Afzal, MU & Smith, SL 1970, 'A Fabry-Perot Cavity Antenna with a Non-Uniform Permittivity Superstrate for V-band Applications', 2018 IEEE Asia-Pacific Conference on Antennas and Propagation (APCAP), 2018 IEEE Asia-Pacific Conference on Antennas and Propagation (APCAP), IEEE, Auckland, NEW ZEALAND, pp. 223-224.
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Lammie, C, Hamilton, T & Azghadi, MR 1970, 'Live Demonstration: Unsupervised Character Recognition with a FPGA Neuromorphic System', 2018 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS), 2018 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS), IEEE.
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© 2018 IEEE. For this demonstration, we have implemented a Spiking Neural Network (SNN) on a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) and trained it using Spike Timing Dependent Plasticity (STDP) to identify temporally encoded characters, in an unsupervised manner. The constructed one-layer network consists of plastic excitatory and non-plastic inhibitory synapses, which are connected to output Izhikevich neurons. The implemented neural hardware demonstrates a powerful and fast learning scheme, which brings about a significant unsupervised classification accuracy of 94 %.
Lammie, C, Hamilton, T & Azghadi, MR 1970, 'Unsupervised Character Recognition with a Simplified FPGA Neuromorphic System', 2018 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS), 2018 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS), IEEE.
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© 2018 IEEE. Neuromorphic hardware platforms have demonstrated significant promise in cognitive tasks such as visual processing and classification. These platforms usually consist of several layers of spiking neurons for feature extraction and various learning mechanisms, which renders the associated networks power and hardware hungry. In this paper, we have implemented a simplified proof-of-concept Spiking Neural Network (SNN) on a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) and trained it using Spike Timing Dependent Plasticity (STDP) to identify temporally encoded characters, in an unsupervised manner. The constructed one-layer network consists of excitatory synapses, which receive input characters in the form of Poissonian spike trains from the pre-synaptic side. From the post-synaptic side, the synapses are connected to output Izhikevich neurons. In addition, non-plastic inhibitory synapses between the output neurons are introduced to implement lateral inhibition and competitive learning. The implemented neural hardware demonstrates a powerful and fast learning scheme, which brings about a significant unsupervised classification accuracy of 94 %. In addition, since the proposed network receives the characters in the form of spike trains, it is amenable to being interfaced to neuromorphic event-driven sensors such as silicon retina, making the proposed platform useful for online unsupervised template matching applications.
Le, AT, Nan, Y, Tran, LC, Huang, X, Guo, YJ & Vardaxoglou, Y 1970, 'Analog Least Mean Square Loop for Self-Interference Cancellation in Generalized Continuous Wave SAR', 2018 IEEE 88th Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC-Fall), 2018 IEEE 88th Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC-Fall), IEEE, Chicago, US, pp. 1-5.
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© 2018 IEEE. Generalized continuous wave synthetic aperture radar (GCW-SAR) is a promising new imaging radar system since it applies the full-duplex (FD) transmission technique to achieve continuous signaling in order to overcome several fundamental limitations of the conventional pulsed SARs. As in any FD wireless communication system, self-interference (SI) is also a key problem which can impact on the GCW-SAR system. In this paper, the analog least mean square (ALMS) loop in the radio frequency domain is adopted to cancel the SI for a GCW-SAR system with periodic chirp signaling. The average residual SI power after the ALMS loop is analyzed theoretically by a stationary analysis. It is found that the ALMS loop not only works with random signals in general FD communication systems, but also works well with the periodic signal in GCW-SAR systems. Simulation results show that over 45 dB SI cancellation can be achieved by the ALMS loop which ensures the proper operation of the GCW-SAR system.
Le, NT & Hoang, DB 1970, 'Security threat probability computation using Markov Chain and Common Vulnerability Scoring System', 2018 28th International Telecommunication Networks and Applications Conference (ITNAC), 2018 28th International Telecommunication Networks and Applications Conference (ITNAC), IEEE, Sydney, Australia.
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Security metrics have become essential for assessing the security risks and making effective decisions concerning system security. Many security metrics rely on mathematical models, but are mainly based on empirical data, qualitative method, or compliance checking and this renders the outcome far from accurate. This paper proposes a novel approach to compute the probability distribution of cloud security threats based on Markov chain and Common Vulnerability Scoring System (CVSS). The paper gives an application on cloud systems to demonstrate the use of the proposed approach.
Lee, SS 1970, 'A Single-Phase Single-Source 7-Level Inverter With Triple Voltage Boosting Gain', IEEE Access, IEEE Region 10 Symposium, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE), Sydney, pp. 30005-30011.
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© 2018 IEEE. This paper proposes a novel five-level single-phase inverter topology. The inverter uses eight power switches, two capacitors, one inductor, one diode, and a small LC filter at the output. Compared to other multilevel inverters, the proposed inverter can achieve up to 400% more output voltage for the same DC link voltage. As a result, it requires the only of the conventional multilevel inverter topology. The operational states are discussed in brief with the theoretical explanation. A comparison table is illustrated to show the importance of proposed topology compared with existing topologies. The key simulation waveforms are presented, and the preliminary experimental results are carried out for the proposed topology to verify the simulation and theoretical analysis.
Lei, G, Guo, Y & Zhu, J 1970, 'Manufacturing Condition and Variations of Soft Magnetic Composite Cores for Application in PM Motors Based on Taguchi Method', 2018 IEEE International Magnetics Conference (INTERMAG), 2018 IEEE International Magnetics Conference (INTERMAG), IEEE.
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Lei, G, Liu, C, Guo, Y & Zhu, J 1970, 'Robust Design Optimization of a Low-Cost Flux-Switching Motor with Ferrite Magnets and SMC Cores', The Eighteenth Biennial IEEE Conference on Electromagnetic Field Computation (CEFC 2018), The Eighteenth Biennial IEEE Conference on Electromagnetic Field Computation (CEFC 2018), Hangzhou, China.
Li, H, Wang, S, Zhang, N & Zhu, J 1970, 'Multiscale Modeling of Magnetic Distribution in a Magnetic Core of High-frequency Transformer', 2018 International Applied Computational Electromagnetics Society Symposium - China (ACES), 2018 International Applied Computational Electromagnetics Society Symposium - China (ACES), IEEE, Beijing, China.
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© 2018 ACES. The multiscale finite element method (MsFEM) combined with conventional finite element method (FEM) is proposed to solve static magnetic field in the ribbon magnetic core. Firstly, a simple 2-dimensional electrostatic problem is used to introduce the MsFEM part. The results are compared to analytical method, as well as conventional FEM. Then, an example of magneto static problem is considered for a ribbon magnetic core built sheet by sheet. Conventional FEM and MsFEM are used to compute the magneto-static field by adopting scalar magnetic potential. Both magnetic potential and magnetic flux density on a certain path are compared. It is shown that the results obtained by MsFEM agrees well with the one from conventional FEM. Moreover, MsFEM combined with FEM is potentially a general strategy for multiscale modeling of ribbon magnetic cores, which can effectively reduce the computational cost.
Li, H, Wang, TQ, Huang, X & Guo, YJ 1970, 'Matrix Normalization Based ZF Hybrid Precoded Multi-User MIMO mmWave Systems with Massive Array', 2018 IEEE 88th Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC-Fall), 2018 IEEE 88th Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC-Fall), IEEE, Chicago, USA.
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© 2018 IEEE. The superiority of exploring millimeter wave (mmWave) frequencies for future wireless communication systems has pushed forward the development of large-scale antenna arrays for achieving sufficient array gain and high spectral efficiency. In this paper, we study the matrix normalization (MN) based zero-forcing (ZF) hybrid precoding in multi-user multi-input-multi-output (MU-MIMO) mmWave systems. We derive the upper bounds of the achievable rate for two representative hybrid array structures, i.e., fully-connected structure and partially-connected structure. Analytical and simulation results validate the tightness of the proposed performance upper bounds for both hybrid structures using massive array, and provide a comparison of the achievable rate using MN and vector normalization (VN).
Li, K, Ni, W, Tovar, E & Guizani, M 1970, 'LCD: Low Latency Command Dissemination for a Platoon of Vehicles', 2018 IEEE International Conference on Communications (ICC), 2018 IEEE International Conference on Communications (ICC 2018), IEEE.
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Li, M, Cai, YX, Bautista, MG, Yang, Y & Zhu, X 1970, 'Broadband on-chip bandpass filter using ring resonator with capacitive loading', 2018 Australian Microwave Symposium (AMS), 2018 Australian Microwave Symposium (AMS), IEEE, Brisbane, QLD, Australia, pp. 55-56.
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© 2018 IEEE. Design of a broadband on-chip bandpass filter (BPF) using grounded ring resonator with capacitive loading technique is presented in this paper. To prove the concept, a standard 0.13-μm (Bi)-CMOS technology is selected for implementation. To understand how to effectively optimize the designed BPF, parametric studies against some critical parameters are given by means of EM simulation. Finally, the implemented filter is fabricated. The measured results show that the BPF has a center frequency at 33 GHz with a bandwidth of 42.4%. The minimum insertion loss is 2.6 dB, while the stopband rejection is maintained to be better than 20 dB beyond 58 GHz. The chip, excluding the pads, is very compact at only 0.03 mm2 (0.11 × 0.28 mm2).
Li, M, Lin, J-Y, Yang, Y, Zhu, X & Wong, S-W 1970, 'A New Approach of Individually Control of Shorting Posts for Pattern Reconfigurable Antenna Designs', 2018 IEEE International Conference on Computational Electromagnetics (ICCEM), 2018 IEEE International Conference on Computational Electromagnetics (ICCEM), IEEE, Chengdu, China.
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© 2018 IEEE. This paper presents a recently proposed novel approach for pattern reconfigurable antenna designs. Individually associating a shorting post with an RF switch, the shorting post can be simply connected to the ground by turning the switch on or disconnected to the ground by turning the switch off. This approach has been successfully validated through two recently reported designs, for the implementations of transverse magnetic TM mode reconfiguration and 360° beam-steering.
Li, X, Al-Ani, A & Ling, S-H 1970, 'Feature Selection for the Detection of Sleep Apnea using Multi-Bio Signals from Overnight Polysomnography.', EMBC, Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBS) Conference, IEEE, USA, pp. 1444-1447.
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Patients with sleep apnea (SA) are at increased risk of stroke and cardiovascular disease. Diagnosis of sleep apnea depends on the standard overnight polysomnography (PSG). In this study, the DREAM Apnea Database was used to evaluate the importance of the various features proposed in the literature for the analysis of sleep apnea. Various timeand frequency- domain features that include wavelet and power spectral density were extracted from ECG, EMG, EEG, airflow, SaO2, abdominal and thoracic recordings. Evaluation measures of one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Rank-Sum test were used to test the performance of different features. The selected feature subset indicated that frequency-domain features outperform time-domain ones. This study will help in enhancing the detection accuracy of sleep apnea for the various polysomnography signals.
Li, Y, Huang, Y, Xu, R, Seneviratne, S, Thilakarathna, K, Cheng, A, Webb, D & Jourjon, G 1970, 'Deep Content: Unveiling Video Streaming Content from Encrypted WiFi Traffic', 2018 IEEE 17th International Symposium on Network Computing and Applications (NCA), 2018 IEEE 17th International Symposium on Network Computing and Applications (NCA), IEEE, Cambridge, MA, USA.
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© 2018 IEEE. The proliferation of smart devices has led to an exponential growth in digital media consumption, especially mobile video for content marketing. The vast majority of the associated Internet traffic is now end-to-end encrypted, and while encryption provides better user privacy and security, it has made network surveillance an impossible task. The result is an unchecked environment for exploiters and attackers to distribute content such as fake, radical and propaganda videos. Recent advances in machine learning techniques have shown great promise in characterising encrypted traffic captured at the end points. However, video fingerprinting from passively listening to encrypted traffic, especially wireless traffic, has been reported as a challenging task due to the difficulty in distinguishing retransmissions and multiple flows on the same link. We show the potential of fingerprinting videos by passively sniffing WiFi frames in air, even without connecting to the WiFi network. We have developed Multi-Layer Perceptron (MLP) and Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs) that are able to identify streamed YouTube videos from a closed set, by sniffing WiFi traffic encrypted at both Media Access Control (MAC) and Network layers. We compare these models to the state-of-the-art wired traffic classifier based on Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs), and show that our models obtain similar results while requiring significantly less computational power and time (approximately a threefold reduction).
Li, Z, Yao, L, Nie, F, Zhang, D & Xu, M 1970, 'Multi-rate gated recurrent convolutional networks for video-based pedestrian re-identification', 32nd AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence, AAAI 2018, AAAI Conference on Artifical Intelligence, AAAI, New Orleans, Lousiana, USA, pp. 7081-7088.
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Matching pedestrians across multiple camera views has attracted lots of recent research attention due to its apparent importance in surveillance and security applications. While most existing works address this problem in a still-image setting, we consider the more informative and challenging video-based person re-identification problem, where a video of a pedestrian as seen in one camera needs to be matched to a gallery of videos captured by other non-overlapping cameras. We employ a convolutional network to extract the appearance and motion features from raw video sequences, and then feed them into a multi-rate recurrent network to exploit the temporal correlations, and more importantly, to take into account the fact that pedestrians, sometimes even the same pedestrian, move in different speeds across different camera views. The combined network is trained in an end-to-end fashion, and we further propose an initialization strategy via context reconstruction to largely improve the performance. We conduct extensive experiments on the iLIDS-VID and PRID-2011 datasets, and our experimental results confirm the effectiveness and the generalization ability of our model.
Li, Z, Zhang, J, Wu, Q & Kirsch, C 1970, 'Field-Regularised Factorization Machines for Mining the Maintenance Logs of Equipment', Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics), Australasian Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence, Springer International Publishing, New Zealand, pp. 172-183.
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© Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2018. Failure prediction is very important for railway infrastructure. Traditionally, data from various sensors are collected for this task. Value of maintenance logs is often neglected. Maintenance records of equipment usually indicate equipment status. They could be valuable for prediction of equipment faults. In this paper, we propose Field-regularised Factorization Machines (FrFMs) to predict failures of railway points with maintenance logs. Factorization Machine (FM) and its variants are state-of-the-art algorithms designed for sparse data. They are widely used in click-through rate prediction and recommendation systems. Categorical variables are converted to binary features through one-hot encoding and then fed into these models. However, field information is ignored in this process. We propose Field-regularised Factorization Machines to incorporate such valuable information. Experiments on data set from railway maintenance logs and another public data set show the effectiveness of our methods.
Liao, Q, Holewa, H, Xu, M & Wang, D 1970, 'Fine-Grained Categorization by Deep Part-Collaboration Convolution Net', 2018 Digital Image Computing: Techniques and Applications (DICTA), 2018 Digital Image Computing: Techniques and Applications (DICTA), IEEE, Australia.
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© 2018 IEEE. In part-based categorization context, the ability to learn representative feature from quantitative tiny object parts is of similar importance as to exactly localize the parts. We propose a new deep net structure for fine-grained categorization that follows the taxonomy workflow, which makes it interpretable and understandable for humans. By training customized sub-nets on each manually annotated parts, we increased the state-of-the-art part-based classification accuracy for general fine-grained CUB-200-2011 dataset by 2.1%. Our study shows the proposed method can produce more activation to discriminate detail part difference while maintaining high computing performance by applying a set of strategies to optimize the deep net structure.
Lin, J-Y, Li, M, Wong, S-W, Yang, Y & Zhu, X 1970, 'A cavity triple-mode filter with excitation of L-shape model', 2018 Australian Microwave Symposium (AMS), 2018 Australian Microwave Symposium (AMS), IEEE, Brisbane, Australia, pp. 17-18.
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© 2018 IEEE. A triple-mode cavity filter with narrow passband realized in a single rectangular metal cavity without any tune crews, coupling apertures, iris, and corner cuts is proposed in this paper, while three resonant modes are classified as a TM mode and a pair of TE modes, which are excited by two metal probes in one single cavity. At both the upper and lower stop-bands, two transmission zeros are created to achieve a considerable out-of-band suppression. To prove the concept, a prototype is fabricated by using the silver plated aluminum technology demonstrating a measured fractional bandwidth of 3.6% at the center frequency of 2.53 GHz. The measured and simulated results are presented in good agreement.
Liu, F, Liu, Y, Guo, YJ & Liu, QH 1970, 'Synthesis of Rotated Sparse Linear Dipole Array with Shaped Power Pattern', 2018 International Applied Computational Electromagnetics Society Symposium - China (ACES), 2018 International Applied Computational Electromagnetics Society Symposium - China (ACES), IEEE, Beijing, China.
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© 2018 ACES. A new shaped pattern synthesis method is presented in which element rotations, positions and phases are co-optimized to produce a shaped beam pattern for a sparse dipole array. Compared with conventional shaped pattern synthesis using excitation amplitude and phase optimization, the proposed method can not only reduce the number of elements But also avoid the usage of unequal power dividers. A synthesis example is provided to verify the performance of the proposed method.
Liu, J, Rafi, F, Lu, J & Hossain, MJ 1970, 'Neutral Current Compensation in a VSG-Based Three-Phase Four-Wire Microgrid System', 2018 IEEE International Conference on Environment and Electrical Engineering and 2018 IEEE Industrial and Commercial Power Systems Europe (EEEIC / I&CPS Europe), 2018 IEEE International Conference on Environment and Electrical Engineering and 2018 IEEE Industrial and Commercial Power Systems Europe (EEEIC / I&CPS Europe), IEEE, Univ Palermo, Palermo, ITALY.
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Liu, M, Nanda, P, Zhang, X, Yang, C, Yu, S & Li, J 1970, 'Asymmetric Commutative Encryption Scheme Based Efficient Solution to the Millionaires' Problem', 2018 17th IEEE International Conference On Trust, Security And Privacy In Computing And Communications/ 12th IEEE International Conference On Big Data Science And Engineering (TrustCom/BigDataSE), 2018 17th IEEE International Conference On Trust, Security And Privacy In Computing And Communications/12th IEEE International Conference On Big Data Science And Engineering (TrustCom/BigDataSE), IEEE, New York, NY, USA, pp. 990-995.
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© 2018 IEEE. Secure multiparty computation (SMC) is an important scheme in cryptography and can be applied in various real-life problems. The first SMC problem is the millionaires' problem which involves two-party secure computation. Because the efficiency of public key encryption scheme appears less than symmetric encryption scheme, most existing solutions based on public key cryptography to this problem is inefficient. Thus, a solution based on the symmetric encryption scheme has been proposed. Although it is claimed that this approach can be efficient and practical, we discover that there exist several severe security flaws in this solution. In this paper, we analyze the vulnerability of existing solutions, and propose a new scheme based on the Decisional Diffie-Hellman hypothesis (DDH). Our solution also uses two special encodings (0-encoding and 1-encoding) generated by our modified encoding method to reduce the computation cost of modular multiplications. Extensive experiments are conducted to evaluate the efficiency of our solution, and the experimental results show that our solution can be much more efficient and be approximately 8000 times faster than the solution based on symmetric encryption scheme for a 32-bit input and short-term security. Moreover, our solution is also more efficient than the state-of-the-art solution.
Liu, Z, Zhang, L, Ni, W & Collings, IB 1970, 'A Cross-Layer MAC Aware Pseudonym (MAP) Scheme for the VANET', 2018 IEEE Global Communications Conference (GLOBECOM), GLOBECOM 2018 - 2018 IEEE Global Communications Conference, IEEE, United Arab Emirates, pp. 4568-4573.
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© 2018 IEEE. In vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs), safety messages must be protected for location privacy. Pseudonym schemes have provided a promising solution. However, attacks could still be carried out from the medium access control (MAC) layer. In this paper, we present a new MAC semantic linking attack that links the new and old pseudonyms by analyzing the vehicles' transmission patterns in the MAC layer, even if they change pseudonyms simultaneously. To deal with the attack, a MAC layer aware pseudonym (MAP) scheme is proposed. The MAP scheme is compatible with the standard and coordinates each vehicle to access the wireless medium in a time-slotted manner. In MAP scheme, vehicles change pseudonyms and slot utilization pattern consistently. The interactive influence between the pseudonym changing and safety message transmission is evaluated. Taking the pseudonym age, anonymity set size, time-toconfusion and packet delivery ratio as the performance metrics, extensive simulation results have verified that the MAP scheme can improve the location privacy and enhance transmission efficiency in VANETs.
Liu, Z, Zhu, L & Zhu, J 1970, 'Accurate Calculation of Eddy Current Loss in Litz-Wired High Frequency Transformer Windings', 2018 IEEE International Magnetics Conference (INTERMAG), 2018 IEEE International Magnetics Conference (INTERMAG), IEEE.
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© 2018 IEEE. The winding power loss of a high frequency transformer is strongly influenced by the high frequency eddy current skin and proximity effects. The litz-wire can reduce effectively the eddy current effects. The precise loss calculation method of litz-wire remains however a difficulty. At present, the Dowell model [1] and Ferreira model [2], [3] are two commonly used methods to calculate the winding loss. The Dowell model is originally derived to calculate the eddy current effects in foil conductors and later on extended to packed windings composed of litz-wire by introducing a porosity factor [4]. The accuracy however declines quickly when porosity factor reduces, and the characteristics of eddy current distribution is not adapted to the litz-wire. On the other hand, the magnetic field of round conductors analyzed by Ferreira model is excellent, but the error become significate at high frequency at high porosity factor [5] because it neglects the interaction between conductors in the same layer [6]. In this paper, an improved model is proposed for calculating the eddy current distribution in litz-wire windings due to the skin and proximity effects. This model can have much more accurate prediction of eddy current distributions in the cross-section of a round litz-wire conductor, and can be used for electromagnetic design of high frequency devices.
Lu, J, Water, W, Panchal, C, Butler, D, Taghizadeh, F & Hossain, J 1970, 'Vehicle-to-Grid On-Board Charger using SiC MOSFET and High Frequency Coaxial Transformer', 2018 IEEE International Power Electronics and Application Conference and Exposition (PEAC), 2018 IEEE International Power Electronics and Application Conference and Exposition (PEAC), IEEE.
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© 2018 IEEE. This paper proposes a multifunctional electric vehicle (EV) on-board charger which can provide three ancillary functions of static-compensator (STATCOM), voltage regulation and current harmonics reduction (APF operation) while operating in G2V/V2G mode. The proposed EV charger exhibits a lower power loss due to using SiC based MOSFETS and a high-efficient high frequency coaxial transformer (HFCT), and lower battery stress because of employing an interleaved two-leg buck-boost dc/dc converter (ITBBC). Different operational modes of the EV charger and its improved performance are validated through both simulation and experimental results.
Lu, J, Water, W, Panchal, C, Butler, D, Taghizadeh, F & Hossain, J 1970, 'Vehicle-to-Grid On-Board Charger using SiC MOSFET and High Frequency Coaxial Transformer', 2018 IEEE INTERNATIONAL POWER ELECTRONICS AND APPLICATION CONFERENCE AND EXPOSITION (PEAC), IEEE International Power Electronics and Application Conference and Exposition (IEEE PEAC), IEEE, Shenzhen, PEOPLES R CHINA, pp. 144-149.
LU, S, Oberst, S, Zhang, G & Luo, Z 1970, 'Comparing complex dynamics using machine learning-reconstructed attracting sets', Colloquium on Irregular Engineering Oscillations and Signal Processing, TUHH, Hamburg, Germany.
LU, S, Oberst, S, Zhang, G & Luo, Z 1970, 'Order patterns recurrence plots and new quantifications to unveil nonlinear dynamics from stochastic systems', International Conference on Time Series and Forecasting 2018, International Conference on Time Series and Forecasting 2018, Granada, Spain.
Luo, Q, Liu, Y, Liu, F, Ren, Y & Guo, YJ 1970, 'Fast Synthesis Algorithm for Uniformly Spaced Circular Array with Low Sidelobe Pattern', 2018 International Applied Computational Electromagnetics Society Symposium - China (ACES), 2018 International Applied Computational Electromagnetics Society Symposium - China (ACES), IEEE, Beijing, China.
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© 2018 ACES. In this paper, a highly efficient approach is proposed to synthesize the low sidelobe pattern of uniformly spaced circular array. The proposed approach can be generalized to deal with the pattern synthesis for the circular array with directional elements. Numerical examples are given to verify the effectiveness and advantage of this approach.
Lyu, J & Ling, SH 1970, 'Using Multi-level Convolutional Neural Network for Classification of Lung Nodules on CT images', 2018 40th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC), 2018 40th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC), IEEE, Honolulu, HI, USA, pp. 686-689.
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Lung cancer is one of the four major cancers in the world. Accurate diagnosing of lung cancer in the early stage plays an important role to increase the survival rate. Computed Tomography (CT)is an effective method to help the doctor to detect the lung cancer. In this paper, we developed a multi-level convolutional neural network (ML-CNN)to investigate the problem of lung nodule malignancy classification. ML-CNN consists of three CNNs for extracting multi-scale features in lung nodule CT images. Furthermore, we flatten the output of the last pooling layer into a one-dimensional vector for every level and then concatenate them. This strategy can help to improve the performance of our model. The ML-CNN is applied to ternary classification of lung nodules (benign, indeterminate and malignant lung nodules). The experimental results show that our ML-CNN achieves 84.81\% accuracy without any additional hand-craft preprocessing algorithm. It is also indicated that our model achieves the best result in ternary classification.
Mahamedi, B, Zhu, JG, Eskandari, M, Li, L & Mehrizi-Sani, A 1970, 'Analysis of Fault Response of Inverter-Interfaced Distributed Generators in Sequence Networks', 2018 IEEE Industry Applications Society Annual Meeting (IAS), 2018 IEEE Industry Applications Society Annual Meeting (IAS2018), IEEE, Portland, OR, USA.
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© 2018 IEEE Microgrids mainly rely on distributed energy resources (DER) unable to generate electricity at the expected voltage and frequency. This necessitates the usage of inverters acting as a conditioning interface between the DER and microgrid, hence the name inverter-interfaced distributed generators (IIDG). On the other hand, the fast response of the primary control of inverters causes unconventional behavior of IIDGs under fault conditions, which can severely affect all parts of relaying, that is, fault sensing and polarization and faulted phase selection. This issue becomes more pronounced when an inverter-based microgrid operates in autonomous mode. This paper analyzes the root causes of such unconventional responses that challenge the traditional protection schemes. At first, the inverter control strategies including current limiting are briefly discussed. Then, the paper is continued by analyzing the response of an IIDG feeding its local load to balanced and unbalanced faults, where MATLAB/SIMULINK is used for simulation studies. It is shown how the constraints set by the control strategy itself and current limiter affect the response of IIDGs to fault conditions and consequently, their equivalent models under fault conditions. The findings presented in the paper clearly show that protective functions face difficulties in coping with fault conditions in IIDG-based microgrids due to their different equivalent models during fault period. These studies in turn help modify existing protection schemes or devise new ones applicable to this concept.
Mahmud, K, Nizami, MSH, Hossain, MJ & Ravishankar, J 1970, 'A Home-to-Home Energy Sharing Process for Domestic Peak Load Management', 2018 IEEE International Conference on Environment and Electrical Engineering and 2018 IEEE Industrial and Commercial Power Systems Europe (EEEIC / I&CPS Europe), 2018 IEEE International Conference on Environment and Electrical Engineering and 2018 IEEE Industrial and Commercial Power Systems Europe (EEEIC / I&CPS Europe), IEEE, Univ Palermo, Palermo, ITALY.
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Mai, H, Pham, TT, Nguyen, DN & Dutkiewicz, E 1970, 'Non-Laboratory-Based Risk Factors for Automated Heart Disease Detection', 2018 12th International Symposium on Medical Information and Communication Technology (ISMICT), 2018 12th International Symposium on Medical Information and Communication Technology (ISMICT), IEEE, Sydney, Australia.
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Developing a heart disease detection model using simple non-laboratory risk factors plays an important role in preventive care, especially for high risk subjects. The model allows physicians/epidemiologists to effectively diagnose a person as having heart disease. In this work, we aim to develop a non-invasive risk prediction model for automated heart disease detection that involves age, gender, rest blood pressure, maximum heart rate, and rest electrocardiography. We examine four public datasets from 1071 participants who were referred for a special X-ray of the heart's arteries (i.e., to see if they are narrowed or blocked). The subjects also undertook a physical examination and three non-invasive tests. To estimate the heart disease status, we apply a generalized linear model with regularization paths via coordinate descent. Even without laboratory-based data (e.g., serum cholesterol, fasting blood sugar), we observed a prediction accuracy as high as 72%, compared with 76% of other comprehensive models. This observation suggests that few non-invasive factors utilizing recent advances in data analytics can replace the current practices of heart disease risk assessment.
Makhdoom, I, Abolhasan, M & Ni, W 1970, 'Blockchain for IoT: The Challenges and a Way Forward', Proceedings of the 15th International Joint Conference on e-Business and Telecommunications, International Conference on Security and Cryptography, SCITEPRESS - Science and Technology Publications, Porto, Portugal, pp. 428-439.
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Bitcoin has revolutionized the decentralized payment system by excluding the need for a trusted third party, reducing the transaction (TX) fee and time involved in TX confirmation as compared to a conventional banking system. The underlying technology of Bitcoin is Blockchain, which was initially designed for financial TXs only. However, due to its decentralized architecture, fault tolerance and cryptographic security benefits such as user anonymity, data integrity and authentication, researchers and security analysts around the world are focusing on the Blockchain to resolve security and privacy issues of IoT. But at the same time, default limitations of Blockchain, such as latency in transaction confirmation, scalability concerning Blockchain size and network expansion, lack of IoT-centric transaction validation rules, the absence of IoT-focused consensus protocols and insecure device integration are required to be addressed before it can be used securely and efficiently in an IoT e nvironment. Therefore, in this paper we analyze some of the existing consensus protocols used in various Blockchain-based applications, with a focus on investigating significant limitations in TX (Transaction) validation and consensus mechanism that make them inappropriate to be implemented in Blockchain-based IoT systems. We also propose a way forward to address these issues.
Makhdoom, I, Abolhasan, M & Ni, W 1970, 'Blockchain for IoT: The Challenges and a Way Forward', Proceedings of the 15th International Joint Conference on e-Business and Telecommunications, International Conference on Security and Cryptography, SCITEPRESS - Science and Technology Publications.
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Malik, N, Nanda, P, Arora, A, He, X & Puthal, D 1970, 'Blockchain Based Secured Identity Authentication and Expeditious Revocation Framework for Vehicular Networks', 2018 17th IEEE International Conference On Trust, Security And Privacy In Computing And Communications/ 12th IEEE International Conference On Big Data Science And Engineering (TrustCom/BigDataSE), 2018 17th IEEE International Conference On Trust, Security And Privacy In Computing And Communications/ 12th IEEE International Conference On Big Data Science And Engineering (TrustCom/BigDataSE), IEEE, New York, pp. 674-679.
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© 2018 IEEE. Authentication and revocation of users in Vehicular Adhoc Networks (VANETS) are two vital security aspects. It is extremely important to perform these actions promptly and efficiently. The past works addressing these issues lack in mitigating the reliance on the centralized trusted authority and therefore do not provide distributed and decentralized security. This paper proposes a blockchain based authentication and revocation framework for vehicular networks, which not only reduces the computation and communication overhead by mitigating dependency on a trusted authority for identity verification, but also speedily updates the status of revocated vehicles in the shared blockchain ledger. In the proposed framework, vehicles obtain their Pseudo IDs from the Certificate Authority (CA), which are stored along with their certificate in the immutable authentication blockchain and the pointer corresponding to the entry in blockchain, enables the Road Side Units (RSUs) to verify the identity of a vehicle on road. The efficiency and performance of the framework has been validated using the Omnet++ simulation environment.
Matthews, L, Perin, G, Perry, S, Bone, D & Culpepper, J 1970, 'Novel Disruptive Methods: Pattern Adaptations for Military Structures', International Conference on Science and Innovation for Land Power 2018, Department of Defence, Australian Government, Adelaide, SA, Australia.
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Recent research reveals that signature disruption strategies of detection delay and disguise can provide effective counter-surveillance techniques for contemporary low-altitude Uninhabited Aerial Vehicle (UAV) or drone detection platforms. As the first in a series of tiered tests, a virtual 3D model of selected ‘scaled-up’ HSV-based (Human Visual System based) algorithmic patterns and 3D biological nanostructures were found to disrupt a camera sensor when mirrored in a physical surface. Further prototype and field tests will be conducted to corroborate these findings, with the ultimate aim of proposing an effective, controllable and disruptive mechanism to overhead UAV surveillance technology.
Mishra, N, Jiao, S, Mondal, A, Khan, Z, Boeckl, JJ, Gaskill, KD, Brock, RE, Dauskardt, RH & Iacopi, F 1970, 'A graphene platform on silicon for the Internet of Everything', 2018 IEEE 2nd Electron Devices Technology and Manufacturing Conference (EDTM), 2018 IEEE 2nd Electron Devices Technology and Manufacturing Conference (EDTM), IEEE, Kobe, Japan, pp. 211-213.
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© 2018 IEEE. We have pioneered a platform technology able to harness the properties of graphene directly from silicon carbide on silicon substrates for integrated on-chip or in-package applications, ranging from sensing and nanophotonics to integrated energy storage. The graphene synthesis is transfer-free and site-selective, leading to straightforward wafer-level fabrication and yielding sufficient adhesion for subsequent processing. This approach among others can pave the way towards miniaturized energy sources in SiP systems for smart nodes of the Internet of Everything.
Miyanaga, Y, Miura, M, Gotoh, T, Yamano, J, Imagawa, T & Tsutsui, H 1970, 'Development of High Performance RF Modules Used in Real-time FHD Video Communication over 8x8 MIMO-OFDM System', 2018 International Symposium on Intelligent Signal Processing and Communication Systems (ISPACS), 2018 International Symposium on Intelligent Signal Processing and Communication Systems (ISPACS), IEEE.
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Miyanaga, Y, Yamano, J, Miura, M, Gotoh, T, Imagawa, T & Tsutsui, H 1970, 'Development of Real-time FHD Loss-Less Video Communication over an <tex>$8\times 8$</tex> MIMO-OFDM System', 2018 Asia-Pacific Signal and Information Processing Association Annual Summit and Conference (APSIPA ASC), 2018 Asia-Pacific Signal and Information Processing Association Annual Summit and Conference (APSIPA ASC), IEEE.
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Moghimi, M, HasanMd Rafi, F, Jamborsalamati, P, Liu, J, Hossain, MJ & Lu, J 1970, 'Improved Unbalance Compensation for Energy Management in Multi-Microgrid System with Internet of Things Platform', 2018 IEEE International Conference on Environment and Electrical Engineering and 2018 IEEE Industrial and Commercial Power Systems Europe (EEEIC / I&CPS Europe), 2018 IEEE International Conference on Environment and Electrical Engineering and 2018 IEEE Industrial and Commercial Power Systems Europe (EEEIC / I&CPS Europe), IEEE, Univ Palermo, Palermo, ITALY.
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Moghimi, M, Jamborsalamati, P, Hossain, J, Stegen, S & Lu, J 1970, 'A Hybrid Communication Platform for Multi-Microgrid Energy Management System Optimization', 2018 IEEE 27th International Symposium on Industrial Electronics (ISIE), 2018 IEEE 27th International Symposium on Industrial Electronics (ISIE), IEEE, pp. 1215-1220.
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This paper proposes the communication platform for Multi-Microgrid (MMG) Energy Management System (EMS) using combination of communication protocols in a hierarchical architecture. There is an Internet of Things (IoT) gateway designed in the proposed platform, which aims to connect multiple Microgrids to each other. Through the designed communication platform, bi-directional data exchange among the MGs for the optimal operation of the M Gs could be achieved. Due to the high number of devices required to communicate in MMG optimization problems, a cloud-based server, which enables extensive data sharing and analysis of the collected data, is employed in this work. Modbus protocol is used for the local communication level, i.e. communications between the devices within an individual MG and the MG Central Controller (MGCC). Message Queue Telemetry Transport (MQTT) protocol is adopted for communications between MGCCs and cloud. Furthermore, HTTP requests are the main communication method for interactions with the cloud channels. A virtual wide Area Network emulator (WANem machine) is adopted to emulate network latency in the system. In case of high latency in the network, MGCC takes action on delivering the optimization results for its Microgrid. The efficiency of the implemented platform for the EMS performance of the MMG is shown by comparing the total cost related to the MMG operation in centralized and distributed modes.
Mora, A, Aguilera, RP, Cardenas, R, Lezana, P & Lu, DDC 1970, 'Phase-Shifted Model Predictive Control of a Three-Level Active-NPC Converter', 2018 IEEE 27th International Symposium on Industrial Electronics (ISIE), 2018 IEEE 27th International Symposium on Industrial Electronics (ISIE), IEEE, pp. 270-276.
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© 2018 IEEE. This paper proposes a sequential Phase-Shifted Model Predictive Control (PS-MPC) strategy for three-level Active Neutral Point Clamped (3L-ANPC) converter. The proposed predictive control strategy is formulated to fully exploit a phase-shifted pulse width modulation (PS-PWM) stage. By means of an appropriate choice of synchronized average models for each carrier, the proposed predictive controller obtains independent optimal duty cycles for each carrier in a sequential manner. This allows one to formulate the optimal control problem not only to govern the output current but also to balance the dc-link capacitor voltages, similarly to the finite-control-set MPC (FCS-MPC) case. As evidenced by the simulation results, the 3L-ANPC converter governed by the proposed sequential PS-MPC can attain a faster dc-link voltage balancing dynamic when compared to a standard PS-PWM implementation. Moreover, it generates an output voltage with fix-spectrum in the steady state with a constant commutation rate and evenly distributed power losses, which outperforms a standard FCS-MPC strategy.
More, FJ & Chaczko, Z 1970, 'Non-invasive Methods in the Detection of Coronary Artery Disease', 2018 26th International Conference on Systems Engineering (ICSEng), 2018 26th International Conference on Systems Engineering (ICSEng), IEEE, Sydney, Australia, pp. 1-5.
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Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) is the prime causal factor in cardiovascular disease in the 21st century throughout the world. In Australia, CAD related diseases result in 12% morbidity and mortality rate. This paper summarizes the non-invasive methods of diagnosis of CAD. The association between medical science and biomedical engineering has led to the development of non-invasive methods of diagnosis of CAD. The use of new technology that exploits IoT and Body Area Networks using wearable sensor devices over the patient’s body and medical experts to diagnose CAD. Progression of clinical assessment, diagnosis, and evaluation of CAD have been achieved in the last decade. The current treatment plan for CAD focused on clinical prevention, surgical or a combination of both depending on the severity of disease. The analysis of coronary artery disease, chest pain, and various things involved in the assessment of patient’s history with relieving factors such as risk stratification and non-invasive tests used in diagnosis of CAD.
Mukhtar, NM & Lu, DD-C 1970, 'An Isolated Bidirectional Forward Converter with Integrated Output Inductor-Transformer Structure', 2018 IEEE 4th Southern Power Electronics Conference (SPEC), 2018 IEEE 4th Southern Power Electronics Conference (SPEC), IEEE, Singapore, pp. 137-143.
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© 2018 IEEE. An isolated bidirectional forward DC/DC converter is presented. The proposed converter is formed by combining two identical two-switch forward converters through a shared transformer. The transformer also integrates the function of the output inductors on both sides into a single magnetic structure. The proposed topology offers low voltage stress on the power switches due to the voltage clamp and recycling of leakage energy to the source. The main goal of this paper is to show the operation principle and capability of the proposed topology as a bidirectional converter with less switching stress and reduce component count. Finally, a hardware prototype is built and tested to validate the theoretical analysis in the continuous conduction mode (CCM).
Naing, HMS, Hidayat, R, Winduratna, B & Miyanaga, Y 1970, 'Comparison of Three Auditory Frequency Scales in Feature Extraction on Myanmar Digits Recognition', 2018 10th International Conference on Information Technology and Electrical Engineering (ICITEE), 2018 10th International Conference on Information Technology and Electrical Engineering (ICITEE), IEEE.
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Nanda, A, Nanda, P, He, X, Jamdagni, A & Puthal, D 1970, 'A Novel Hybrid Authentication Model for Geo Location Oriented Routing in Dynamic Wireless Mesh Networks', Proceedings of the 51st Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences, Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences, Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences, Hawaii, USA, pp. 5532-5541.
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Authentication is an essential part of any network and plays a pivotal role in ensuring the security of a network by preventing unauthorised devices/users access to the network. As dynamic wireless mesh networks are evolving and being accepted in various fields, there is a strong need to improve the security of the network. It’s features like self-organizing and self-healing make it great but get undermined when rigid authentication schemes are used. We propose a hybrid authentication scheme for such dynamic mesh networks under three specified scenarios; full authentication, quick authentication and new node authentication. The proposed schemes are applied on our previous works on dynamic mesh routing protocol, Geo location Oriented Routing Protocol (GLOR Simulation results show our proposed scheme is efficient in terms of resource utilization as well as defending against security threats.
Nawazish Ali, SM, Hanif, A, Hossain, MJ & Sharma, V 1970, 'An LPV H∞ Control Design for the Varying Rotor Resistance Effects on the Dynamic Performance of Induction Motors', 2018 IEEE 27th International Symposium on Industrial Electronics (ISIE), 2018 IEEE 27th International Symposium on Industrial Electronics (ISIE), IEEE, pp. 114-119.
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The variation in rotor resistance caused by the bchange in operating and ambient temperature deteriorates the dynamic response of induction motors. This paper presents an output feedback Linear Parameter Varying (LPV) control technique using input-output feedback linearization and H∞control theory to mitigate this problem. The d-q stator currents in the stationary frame can be expressed as an LPV system due to their affine dependence on rotor resistance that is taken as the time varying parameter. The LPV controller synthesis is based upon the Linear Matrix Inequality (LMI) approach. The closed loop system comprises of two nested loops: an inner loop of d-q stator currents and an outer loop of rotor angular velocity. The nonlinear simulation results have been incorporated to ensure robustness of the designed control system. From these results, it is found that the proposed controller provides an excellent tracking performance over the entire operating range of rotor resistance.
Ngo, QT & Dang, DNM 1970, 'Enhanced Self-sorting Based MAC Protocol for Vehicular Ad-Hoc Networks', Springer International Publishing, pp. 155-162.
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Nguyen, NTH, Le, TH, Perry, S & Nguyen, TT 1970, 'Pavement Crack Detection using Convolutional Neural Network', Proceedings of the Ninth International Symposium on Information and Communication Technology - SoICT 2018, the Ninth International Symposium, ACM Press, Danang, Vietnam, pp. 251-256.
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© 2018 Association for Computing Machinery. Pavement crack detection is an important problem in road maintenance. There are many processing methods, including traditional and modern methods, solving this issue. Traditional methods use edge detection or some other digital image processing for crack detection, but these approaches are sensitive to many types of noise and unwanted objects on the road. For the purpose of increasing accuracy, image pre-processing methods are required for many of these techniques. Recently, some techniques that utilize deep learning to detect cracks in images have achieved high accuracy, without pre-processing. However, some of them are very complicated, some make use of manually collected data and some methods still need some form of pre-processing. In this paper, we propose a method that applies a convolutional neural networks to detect cracks in pavement images. Our research uses two data sets, one public data set and the other collected by ourselves. We also experimentally compare our method with some exiting methods and the experiments show that the proposed approach achieves high accuracy and generates stable models.
Nguyen, T, Hoang, D & Seneviratne, A 1970, 'Dirichlet-Based Initial Trust Establishment for Personal Space IoT Systems', 2018 IEEE International Conference on Communications (ICC), 2018 IEEE International Conference on Communications (ICC 2018), IEEE, Kansas City, MO, USA.
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© 2018 IEEE. Trust has played a crucial role in enhancing the security of IoT systems over their lifecycles from creation to retirement. Particularly, in a personal space IoT system where devices join and leave the system dynamically, it is important to evaluate the device's behavior in the form of trust on its admission to the system to reduce the risk and uncertainty of the overall system. Currently, proposed trust evaluation models primarily rely on the historical knowledge or trusted recommendations. However, in many situations, such information is not available at the first encounter between the system and the device. The challenge tackled by this paper is how to establish whether a device can be trusted to a level that merits further evaluation for admission into an IoT system when it encounters the system for the first time. We propose a Dirichlet-based trust assessment model to establish the initial trust that the system places on a device in a mobile and dynamic environment called personal space IoT. The proposed scheme can also be used to affirm the trust of a device during its operation or when it is being re-admitted to the system after an interruption. We describe and evaluate our proposed model theoretically and by simulation.
Nguyen, T, Hoang, D & Seneviratne, A 1970, 'Exploring Challenge-Response Mechanism Designs for IoT Initial Trust Establishment', 2018 IEEE International Conference on Communications Workshops (ICC Workshops), 2018 IEEE International Conference on Communications Workshops (ICC Workshops), IEEE, pp. 1-6.
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© 2018 IEEE. More than ever, with the proliferation of IoT devices interconnected by 5G networks, it is crucial that IoT devices and subsystems are protected from being compromised and deployed for security attacks. Trust has been playing an essential role in admitting an IoT device into a 5G system. However, trust evaluation usually relies on historical interactions and recommendations which are often not available at the first encounter of the device and the system. As demonstrated in our previous studies, the challenge-response mechanism is an effective approach to learn the device's behavior and build the knowledge about its trustworthiness when prior knowledge is limited. It is essential to design the challenge-response mechanism with the intention of revealing the relevant and reliable information about the trustworthiness of IoT devices. The question is how to design the challenge and the common knowledge between the system (challenger) and the devices (respondents) so that the design engineers the devices to reveal their trustworthiness. This paper tackles this question by exploring challenge-response mechanism designs for the initial trust establishment in a mobile and dynamic environment called personal space IoT system. The paper develops principles for workable and consistent designs. Extensive simulations are conducted to consolidate the principles with numerous designs.
Nguyen, TMC & Hoang, DB 1970, 'S-MANAGE Protocol For Software-Defined IoT', 2018 28th International Telecommunication Networks and Applications Conference (ITNAC), 2018 28th International Telecommunication Networks and Applications Conference (ITNAC), IEEE, Sydney, Australia.
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© 2018 IEEE. The Internet of Things (IoT) has started to make a real impact with many IoT-based services in agriculture, smart farming, smart cities, personal health, and critical infrastructures. Sensor/IoT devices form one of the indispensable elements in these IoT systems and services. An effective IoT system requires the interoperability among its heterogeneous physical devices, but this presents a significant challenge regarding various communication protocols, networking management policies, as well as data processing approaches. Software-defined paradigm is considered essential for managing and provisioning IoT services on demand. An emerging solution is the application of software-defined networking (SDN) and Network Function Virtualization (NFV) in programming WSN/IoT systems. However, these technologies cannot be directly deployed due to the differences in the functionality of SDN network devices and sensor/IoT devices as well as the limitation of resources in IoT devices. We proposed the software-defined IoT(SD-IoT) model in our earlier work. This paper focuses on the S-MANAGE protocol that enables an SD-IoT controller to control and manage sensor/IoT devices via their virtual representation, called software-defined virtual sensors (SDVS). The paper presents in detail the design and the implementation of the S-MANAGE southbound protocol.
Nguyen, TMC, Hoang, DB & Dat Dang, T 1970, 'A software-defined model for IoT clusters: Enabling applications on demand', 2018 International Conference on Information Networking (ICOIN), 2018 International Conference on Information Networking (ICOIN), IEEE, Changmai, Thailand, pp. 776-781.
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© 2018 IEEE. Sensors and smart devices have become in-dispensable elements in the Internet of Things (IoT) systems. Collectively, they interconnect in vast number and provide massive amount of data about themselves and their physical environments. More importantly, numerous IoT services are envisaged to serve us in various capacities from personal health, smart homes to smart cities and critical infrastructures. Current IoT systems are mostly application-specific, rigidly configured and non-programmable and hence their applications are limited and difficult to reuse. The challenge is in handling a large number of sensors/IoT devices, many with limited capability, into intelligent, useful services on-demand. Software-defined concept of Software-Defined Networking (SDN) and software implementation of networked devices of Network Functions Virtualization (NFV) promise an effective solution to the challenge. This paper proposes a software-defined IoT (SD-IoT) model through leveraging these two emerging SDN and NFV technologies. In particular, the paper presents the design of a streamline SD-IoT controller, a lightweight and reconfigurable software-defined virtual sensor (SD-VSensor) to represent its underlying sensors, and a communication protocol (S-MANAGE) between them. The implementation results demonstrate the feasibility and efficiency of the proposed architecture.
Ni, Z, Zhang, JA, Yang, K, Gao, F & Gao, Z 1970, 'Codebook Based Minimum Subspace Distortion Hybrid Precoding for Millimeter Wave Systems', 2018 IEEE Globecom Workshops (GC Wkshps), 2018 IEEE Globecom Workshops (GC Wkshps), IEEE, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.
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© 2018 IEEE. Hybrid precoding is adopted for millimeter wave (mmWave) communications to offer a good trade-off between hardware complexity and system performance. In this paper, we investigate a codebook based hybrid precoder for single-user mmWave systems with large antenna arrays. We exploit the sparse nature of mmWave channels to transform the hybrid precoding design problem into a vector space distortion optimization problem which is only related to the radio frequency (RF) precoder. A near optimal solution for the RF optimization problem is derived with the assumption of the perfect channel state information (CSI) at the transmitter, which is practically very difficult to obtain. To reduce the requirement of the CSI at the transmitter, we propose the codebook based minimum subspace distortion (MSD) hybrid precoding algorithm, which obtains CSI at the combiner side and returns the index of optimal RF codewords and the baseband precoder through a limited feedback channel. Simulation results are provided and validate the effectiveness of our proposed hybrid precoding algorithm.
Niwa, K, Zhang, G & Kleijn, WB 1970, 'Edge Consensus Computing for Heterogeneous Data Sets', 2018 IEEE Statistical Signal Processing Workshop (SSP), 2018 IEEE Statistical Signal Processing Workshop (SSP), IEEE, Freiburg, Germany, pp. 663-667.
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© 2018 IEEE. Edge consensus computing is a framework to optimize a cost function when distributed nodes have distinct data sets available to them. The primal-dual method of multipliers (PDMM) is an optimization algorithm that forms a consensus among nodes by exchanging latent variables rather than the data sets. PDMM often has a high rate of convergence. However, when the nodes see statistically heterogeneous data sets then the performance of PDMM degrades. To overcome this problem, we propose quadratic PDMM. In this method, the original cost functions are replaced by their quadratic majorization based on the L2 norm to ensure homogeneous convexity among nodes. We describe a method to set its parameters optimally for fast convergence. Our experiments confirm that the proposed quadratic PDMM provides good performance even when the data sets are heterogeneous.
Nizami, MSH, Hossain, MJ, Mahmud, K & Ravishankar, J 1970, 'Energy Cost Optimization and DER Scheduling for Unified Energy Management System of Residential Neighborhood', 2018 IEEE International Conference on Environment and Electrical Engineering and 2018 IEEE Industrial and Commercial Power Systems Europe (EEEIC / I&CPS Europe), 2018 IEEE International Conference on Environment and Electrical Engineering and 2018 IEEE Industrial and Commercial Power Systems Europe (EEEIC / I&CPS Europe), IEEE, Univ Palermo, Palermo, ITALY.
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Palanisamy, A, Mahajaran, A, Liese, S, Siwakoti, Y, Long, T, Forati Kashani, O & Blaabjerg, F 1970, 'A New Three-Level Three-Phase Boost PWM Inverter for PV Applications', 2018 IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition (ECCE), 2018 IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition (ECCE), IEEE, pp. 7191-7196.
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© 2018 IEEE. Multilevel converters have seen an increasing popularity in the last decades, due to the increased power ratings, improved power quality, low switching losses, and reduced Electromagnetic Interference (EMI). Amongst, the most popular ones are the three-level Neutral Point Clamped (NPC) and the Flying Capacitor (FC) inverter topologies, alongside their derivatives. However, the main drawback of the NPC and FC topologies is the high DC-link voltage demand, which is more than twice of the peak grid voltage. Therefore, a front-end boost DC-DC converter is normally required before the inverter, which decreases the overall efficiency of the system. A Single-stage DC-AC power converter with boost capability offer an interesting alternative compared to the two-stage approach. Considering this aspect, a novel three-level three-phase boost type inverter is introduced in this paper for general-purpose applications (e.g. grid-connected renewable energy). Whilst reducing the DC-link voltage requirement, the number of active and passive components remains the same or even less than the conventional NPC and FC family topologies. The principle of operation and theoretical analysis are discussed in detail. The design methodology along with simulation and experimental waveforms for a 5 kVA inverter are presented to prove the concept of the proposed inverter topology for practical applications.
Pham, NH, Mannen, T & Wada, K 1970, 'Power Factor Operation of a Boost Integrated Three-Phase Solar Inverter using Current Unfolding and Active Damping Methods', 2018 IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition (ECCE), 2018 IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition (ECCE), IEEE, Portland, OR, USA.
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Pham, TT, Nguyen, DN, Dutkiewicz, E, McEwan, AL, Leong, PHW & Fuglevand, AJ 1970, 'Feature Analysis for Discrimination of Motor Unit Action Potentials', 2018 12th International Symposium on Medical Information and Communication Technology (ISMICT), 2018 12th International Symposium on Medical Information and Communication Technology (ISMICT), IEEE, Sydney, Australia.
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Poostchi, H & Piccardi, M 1970, 'Cluster Labeling by Word Embeddings and WordNet’s Hypernymy', https://www.aclweb.org/anthology/U18-1, Annual Workshop of The Australasian Language Technology Association, Dunedin, New Zealand.
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Cluster labeling is the assignment of representative labels to clusters of documents or words. Once assigned, the labels can play an important role in applications such as navigation, search and document classification. However, finding appropriately descriptive labels is still a challenging task. In this paper, we propose various approaches for assigning labels to word clusters by leveraging word embeddings and the synonymy and hypernymy relations in the WordNet lexical ontology. Experiments carried out using the WebAP document dataset have shown that one of the approaches stand out in the comparison and is capable of selecting labels that are reasonably aligned with those chosen by a pool of four human annotators.
Poostchi, H, Borzeshi, EZ & Piccardi, M 1970, 'BiLSTM-CRF for Persian Named-Entity Recognition', PROCEEDINGS OF THE ELEVENTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON LANGUAGE RESOURCES AND EVALUATION (LREC 2018), 11th International Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), EUROPEAN LANGUAGE RESOURCES ASSOC-ELRA, JAPAN, Miyazaki, pp. 4427-4431.
Pradeepkumar, A, Gaskill, DK & Iacopi, F 1970, 'Electrical Challenges of Heteroepitaxial 3C-Sic on Silicon', Materials Science Forum, International Conference on Silicon Carbide and Related Materials, Trans Tech Publications, Ltd., Washington DC, USA, pp. 297-301.
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Epitaxial cubic silicon carbide films on silicon have attracted extensive interest for semiconductor device applications such as high-voltage, high-frequency diodes, and hetero-junction bi-polar transistors [1]. This is because they can offer access to the properties of the SiC material such as its wide band gap and high thermal conductivity on the more conventional silicon substrates [2]. Rahimi et al. have shown, however, that the substantial tensile strain generated from the lattice and thermal expansion coefficient mismatch between 3C-SiC and silicon, may reduce the band gap in the SiC epitaxial films [3]. Nevertheless, the impact of this phenomenon on the electrical and electronic performance of the epitaxial SiC films on silicon has not been fully elucidated to date; such information is vital to obtain the optimal performance of devices fabricated from these strained heterojunctions.
Qureshi, JA, Lie, TT, Gunawardane, K & Kularatna, N 1970, 'Extensive Measurements to Define Boundary Conditions for Efficient AC and DC Residential Houses', 2018 Conference on Precision Electromagnetic Measurements (CPEM 2018), 2018 Conference on Precision Electromagnetic Measurements (CPEM 2018), IEEE.
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Rahman, M, Ahmed, F & Rahman, AMA 1970, 'A Compact MICS Band Operated Implantable Antenna for Biomedical Applications', 2018 4th International Conference on Electrical Engineering and Information & Communication Technology (iCEEiCT), 2018 4th International Conference on Electrical Engineering and Information & Communication Technology (iCEEiCT), IEEE, Milit Inst Sci & Technol, Dhaka, BANGLADESH, pp. 148-151.
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Razavi, S-E, Falaghi, H, Azizivahed, A, Ghavidel, S, Li, L & Zhang, J 1970, 'Improved Probabilistic Multi-Stage PMU Placement with an Increased Search Space to Enhance Power System Monitoring', IFAC-PapersOnLine, IFAC Symposium on Control of Power and Energy Systems, Elsevier BV, Tokyo, Japan, pp. 262-267.
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© 2018 This paper presents a mathematical linear model for probabilistic Multistage PMU Placement (MPP). The proposed probabilistic MPP utilizes a technique needless to use prevalent subsidiary optimizations for each planning stage. Although this technique, in turn, increases problem complexity with manifold variables, it guarantees global optimal solution in a wider and thorough search space; while in prevalent methods, some parts of search space might be missed. In addition, the model is capable of considering the network topology changes due to long-term expansions over the planning horizon. Finally, in order to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed formulation, the model is conducted on the IEEE 57-bus standard test system regarding a three-stage expansion scenario.
Rezazadeh, J, Sandrasegaran, K & Kong, X 1970, 'A location-based smart shopping system with IoT technology', 2018 IEEE 4th World Forum on Internet of Things (WF-IoT), 2018 IEEE 4th World Forum on Internet of Things (WF-IoT), IEEE, Singapore, Singapore, pp. 748-753.
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© 2018 IEEE. Localization is one important part of Internet of Things(IoT) where the Location of Everything (LoE) system plays a important role to improve most services in IoT area. On the other hand, data mining techniques are essential analyses when we have big data from IoT platforms. Indeed, integration of location-based methods and data mining analysis process can make a smart system service for IoT scenarios and applications. For this purpose, we design a smart shopping platform including four components, location of everything component, data collection component, data filtering/analysing component and data mining component. Then a novel accurate localization scheme named 'location orbital' is developed that estimates the current location of mobile objects (users or everything) based on both current and the previous locations. Finally, an implementation of the experiment in a shopping mall is conducted to practically examine performance evaluation of the location-based scheme. The experimental results show that the proposed scheme could achieve significant higher precision than other localization techniques.
Royel, S, Ha, QP & Aguilera, RP 1970, 'Frequency-Shaped Second-Order Sliding Mode Control for Smart Suspension Systems', 2018 15th International Conference on Control, Automation, Robotics and Vision (ICARCV), 2018 15th International Conference on Control, Automation, Robotics and Vision (ICARCV), IEEE, Singapore, Singapore, pp. 907-912.
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© 2018 IEEE. Design of a frequency-shaped second-order sliding mode (FS2SM) controller is demonstrated by means of exploiting second-order low-pass filter (LPF) to model the dynamic sliding surface to shape the frequency characteristics of the equivalent dynamics. The proposed technique is numerically verified in the simulation of a half-car model (HCM) with inbuilt active hydraulically interconnected suspension (HIS) system. The closed-loop performances confirm that inclusion of an appropriate filter in the control scheme allows not only to reduce the roll angle but also its spectrum can be shaped.
Salah, AA, Guo, Y & Dorrell, DG 1970, 'Predicting the behavior of induction machine using motor-CAD and MATLAB packages', 2018 IEEE 12th International Conference on Compatibility, Power Electronics and Power Engineering (CPE-POWERENG 2018), 2018 IEEE 12th International Conference on Compatibility, Power Electronics and Power Engineering (CPE-POWERENG), IEEE, Doha, Qatar, pp. 1-6.
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© 2018 IEEE. Design optimization of induction machines uses computer aided design. These machines are the most suitable choice for various and complex industrial applications and improved efficiency is a key point. Wound rotor induction machines have enjoyed a renascence as the generator in many commercial wind turbines. In this paper, both Motor-CAD and MATLAB packages are employed to predict the electromagnetic behavior of an induction machine during steady-state and transient-state. Finite element analysis of a three-phase, four-pole induction machine is carried by using Motor-CAD and MATLAB in order to complete the comparison. The graphical interfaces of Motor-CAD environment will be utilized to describe the machine geometry, winding harmonics, material properties, and air-gap flux. The predicted results are validated by the experiment. Power losses are calculated for the test machine, and then the results will be explained.
Schell, AW, Svendahl, M, Tran, TT, Aharonovich, I, Takashima, H, Takeuchi, S & Quidant, R 1970, 'Investigation of the optical properties of single emitters in hBN (Conference Presentation)', Nanophotonics VII, Nanophotonics, SPIE.
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Schell, AW, Tran, TT, Takashima, H, Aharonovich, I & Takeuchi, S 1970, 'Single photon extraction from defects in hBN using a tapered fiber (Conference Presentation)', Quantum Technologies 2018, Quantum Technologies, SPIE.
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Seifollahi, S, Piccardi, M & Borzeshi, EZ 1970, 'A Semi-supervised Hidden Markov Topic Model Based on Prior Knowledge', Communications in Computer and Information Science, Australasian Data Mining Conference, Springer Singapore, Melbourne, VIC, Australia,, pp. 265-276.
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© Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2018. A topic model is an unsupervised model to automatically discover the topics discussed in a collection of documents. Most of the existing topic models only use bag-of-words representations or single-word distributions and do not consider relations between words in the model. As a consequence, these models may generate topics which are not in good agreement with human-judged topic coherence. To mitigate this issue, we present a topic model which employs topically-related knowledge from prior topics and words’ co-occurrence/relations in the collection. To incorporate the prior knowledge, we leverage a two-staged semi-supervised Markov topic model. In the first stage, we estimate a transition matrix and a low-dimensional vocabulary for the final topic model. In the second stage, we produce the final topic model where the topic assignment is performed following a Markov chain process. Experiments on real text documents from a major compensation agency demonstrate improvements of both the PMI score measure and the topic coherence.
Shaffer, B, Hassan, HA, Scott, MJ, Hasan, SU, Town, GE & Siwakoti, Y 1970, 'A common-ground single-phase five-level transformerless boost inverter for photovoltaic applications', 2018 IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition (APEC), 2018 IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition (APEC), IEEE, San Antonio, TX, USA, pp. 368-374.
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© 2018 IEEE. This paper presents a transformerless five-level boost inverter with common ground connection for single-phase photovoltaic (PV) systems. It consists of nine switches, two capacitors, and an LC filter at the output. The topology eliminates common mode (CM) leakage current by connecting the negative terminal of the PV directly to the neutral point of the grid, which bypasses the PV array's stray capacitance. As compared to the conventional flying capacitor (FC) multilevel inverter and the cascaded H-bridge (CHB) multilevel inverter, the proposed topology achieves an output voltage that is up to four-times higher given an equivalent dc-link voltage. This reduces the dc-link voltage requirement to one fourth of the values used in conventional multilevel inverters (FC, CHB, NPC, ANPC) and one half of the conventional H-bridge topologies. The following manuscript presents the operation principles and theoretical analysis of the proposed topology, which are supported by simulation and experimental results. A 1 kW prototype was constructed; it achieves 96 % efficiency operating at an output of 240 VAC, 60 Hz, and 973 W.
Sharma, V, Hossain, MJ & Ali, SMN 1970, 'Fault Protection Technique for ZSI-fed Single-Phase Induction Motor Drive System', 2018 IEEE Region Ten Symposium (Tensymp), 2018 IEEE Region Ten Symposium (Tensymp), IEEE, IEEE New S Wales Sect, Sydney, AUSTRALIA, pp. 30-35.
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Sharma, V, Hossain, MJ, Ali, SMN & Kashif, M 1970, 'Bi-directional TRIAC fault-protection technique for Z-source half-bridge converter-fed AC motor Drives', 2018 Australasian Universities Power Engineering Conference (AUPEC), 2018 Australasian Universities Power Engineering Conference (AUPEC), IEEE.
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© 2018 IEEE. With higher demand for power electronic converters in single-phase drive systems, the concern for fault-tolerant schemes has risen in the past decade. Also, the demand for Impedance(Z)-source converters, facilitating single-stage power conversion with high voltage gain, has increased for induction motor drive systems. This paper presents an efficient two TRIAC fault-protection technique for the impedance-source half-bridge converter-fed induction motor drive system. The study is analyzed thorougly under pre-fault and post-fault conditions and a comparative analysis is presented in this paper. Simulation circuits with relevant harmonic spectra are assessed. From the detailed analysis, it is found that the occurrence of faults increases harmonic distortion to a high level, making the drive system ineligible for operation. The proposed fault-protection technique proves to be an efficient topology in maintaining continuous power flow during faults.
Shen, J, Wang, Y & Zhang, J 1970, 'Memory Optimized Deep Dense Network for Image Super-resolution', 2018 Digital Image Computing: Techniques and Applications (DICTA), 2018 Digital Image Computing: Techniques and Applications (DICTA), IEEE, Canberra, Australia.
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CNN methods for image super-resolution consume a large number of training-time memory, due to the feature size will not decrease as the network goes deeper. To reduce the memory consumption during training, we propose a memory optimized deep dense network for image super-resolution. We first reduce redundant features learning, by rationally designing the skip connection and dense connection in the network. Then we adopt share memory allocations to store concatenated features and Batch Normalization intermediate feature maps. The memory optimized network consumes less memory than normal dense network. We also evaluate our proposed architecture on highly competitive super-resolution benchmark datasets. Our deep dense network outperforms some existing methods, and requires relatively less computation.
Shi, Z, Xu, M, Pan, Q, Yan, B & Zhang, H 1970, 'LSTM-based Flight Trajectory Prediction', 2018 International Joint Conference on Neural Networks (IJCNN), 2018 International Joint Conference on Neural Networks (IJCNN), IEEE, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
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Safety ranks the first in Air Traffic Management (ATM). Accurate trajectory prediction can help ATM to forecast potential dangers and effectively provide instructions for safely traveling. Most trajectory prediction algorithms work for land traffic, which rely on points of interest (POIs) and are only suitable for stationary road condition. Compared with land traffic prediction, flight trajectory prediction is very difficult because way-points are sparse and the flight envelopes are heavily affected by external factors. In this paper, we propose a flight trajectory prediction model based on a Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) network. The four interacting layers of a repeating module in an LSTM enables it to connect the long-term dependencies to present predicting task. Applying sliding windows in LSTM maintains the continuity and avoids compromising the dynamic dependencies of adjacent states in the long-term sequences, which helps to improve accuracy of trajectory prediction. Taking time dimension into consideration, both 3-D (time stamp, latitude and longitude) and 4-D (time stamp, latitude, longitude and altitude) trajectories are predicted to prove the efficiency of our approach. The dataset we use was collected by ADS-B ground stations. We evaluate our model by widely used measurements, such as the mean absolute error (MAE), the mean relative error (MRE), the root mean square error (RMSE) and the dynamic warping time (DWT) methods. As Markov Model is the most popular in time series processing, comparisons among Markov Model (MM), weighted Markov Model (wMM) and our model are presented. Our model outperforms the existing models (MM and wMM) and provides a strong basis for abnormal detection and decision-making.
Shi, Z, Zhang, JA, Xu, R & Fang, G 1970, 'Human Activity Recognition Using Deep Learning Networks with Enhanced Channel State Information', 2018 IEEE Globecom Workshops (GC Wkshps), 2018 IEEE Globecom Workshops (GC Wkshps), IEEE, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.
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© 2018 IEEE. Channel State Information (CSI) is widely used for device free human activity recognition. Feature extraction remains as one of the most challenging tasks in a dynamic and complex environment. In this paper, we propose a human activity recognition scheme using Deep Learning Networks with enhanced Channel State information (DLN-eCSI). We develop a CSI feature enhancement scheme (CFES), including two modules of background reduction and correlation feature enhancement, for preprocessing the data input to the DLN. After cleaning and compressing the signals using CFES, we apply the recurrent neural networking (RNN) to automatically extract deeper features and then the softmax regression algorithm for activity classification. Extensive experiments are conducted to validate the effectiveness of the proposed scheme.
Shu-Lin Chen, Wei Lin, Pei-Yuan Qin, Guo, YJ & Ziolkowski, RW 1970, 'Novel Low-Profile Wideband Reconfigurable CP Antenna Array', 12th European Conference on Antennas and Propagation (EuCAP 2018), 12th European Conference on Antennas and Propagation (EuCAP 2018), Institution of Engineering and Technology, UK.
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© Institution of Engineering and Technology.All Rights Reserved. For future wireless communications, cost-effective, low-profile circular polarization (CP) antennas with wide bandwidth and high directivity are highly desirable to increase system capacity and suppress polarization mismatch. In this paper, a wideband circular polarization antenna array integrated with a polarization-independent artificial magnetic conductor (AMC) is reported that meets the demands. First, a wideband CP reconfigurable antenna with a pair of cross-bowtie radiators and a metal ground is presented to achieve a fractional bandwidth of 35.9%. By replacing the metal ground with a polarization-independent AMC ground, the antenna profile is reduced from 0.25λ0 to 0.05λ0 with only a slight bandwidth decrease. A wideband CP reconfigurable 4-element linear array is achieved using four of those elements. It is low profile (0.05 λ0), and has a wide operating bandwidth (21.7%), and a high realized gain (13 dBic).
Siddiqi, MWU & Lee, JE-Y 1970, 'AlN-on-Si MEMS resonator bounded by wide acoustic bandgap two-dimensional phononic crystal anchors', 2018 IEEE Micro Electro Mechanical Systems (MEMS), 2018 IEEE Micro Electro Mechanical Systems (MEMS), IEEE.
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Simorangkir, RBVB, Feng, S, Sadat Sayem, A, Esselle, KP & Yang, Y 1970, 'PDMS-Embedded Conductive Fabric: A Simple Solution for Fabricating PDMS-Based Wearable Antennas with Robust Performance', 2018 12th International Symposium on Medical Information and Communication Technology (ISMICT), 2018 12th International Symposium on Medical Information and Communication Technology (ISMICT), IEEE, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
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© 2018 IEEE. A new and simple fabrication method to realize robust flexible wearable antennas by combining conductive fabric and polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) is proposed. The conductive fabric acts as the conductive part of the antenna, while PDMS acts as the substrate as well as the encapsulation layers. The method takes advantage of the porous structure of the conductive fabric and the initial liquid form of PDMS to attain a significantly strong integration between the two, leading to a robust PDMS-based wearable antenna. A number of patch antennas have been designed, fabricated, and tested to validate the proposed concept and the results are presented, showing robust performance. The fabricated prototypes have a resonance frequency approximately at 2.46 GHz with a 10 dB return-loss bandwidth ranging from 3.3 to 5.7%.
Simorangkir, RBVB, Feng, S, Sayem, ASM, Esselle, KP & Yang, Y 1970, 'PDMS-Embedded Conductive Fabric: A Simple Solution for Fabricating PDMS-Based Wearable Antennas with Robust Performance', 2018 12TH INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON MEDICAL INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY (ISMICT), 12th International Symposium on Medical Information and Communication Technology (ISMICT), IEEE, Univ Technol, Sydney, AUSTRALIA, pp. 82-84.
Simorangkir, RBVB, Mengze Li, Yang Yang, Xu, K, Esselle, K & Dutkiewicz, E 1970, '360-Degree Polarization Scanning with the Diversity of Boresight and Conical Patterns Switching', 12th European Conference on Antennas and Propagation (EuCAP 2018), 12th European Conference on Antennas and Propagation (EuCAP 2018), Institution of Engineering and Technology, London, UK.
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© 2018 Institution of Engineering and Technology.All Rights Reserved. A novel reconfigurable antenna with the capability of 360-degree polarization scanning and the diversity of boresight and conical radiation patterns switching is presented in this paper. Each shorting-post is connected and controlled by a PIN diode to achieve the desired distribution of electric field null(s) in the substrate, where transverse magnetic (TM) modes switching between TM11 and TM02 can be accordingly realized corresponding to boresight and conical patterns. The antenna is analyzed in a cavity model, which, in terms of electric field, theoretically explains the generation of TM11 and TM02 resonant modes, and provides the audience with an innovative method of designing pattern reconfigurable antennas for the applications such as multiple-input and multiple-output (MIMO), wireless body sensor network (WBSN), Wi-Fi and WiMAX. The proposed antenna is with a competitive radius of 0.32 λg. The antenna structure is very easy to be fabricated. The measurement shows that the antenna can realize a boresight and conical pattern reconfiguration at 2.4 GHz with a gain of 6 dBi and efficiency of 86.7% (boresight mode), and 4.39 dBi and efficiency of 82.4% (conical mode).
Simorangkir, RBVB, Yang Yang & Esselle, KP 1970, 'Robust Implementation of Flexible Wearable Antennas with PDMS-Embedded Conductive Fabric', 12th European Conference on Antennas and Propagation (EuCAP 2018), 12th European Conference on Antennas and Propagation (EuCAP 2018), Institution of Engineering and Technology, London, UK, pp. 1-5.
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© Institution of Engineering and Technology.All Rights Reserved. In this paper, a new approach to fabricate a robust flexible body-worn antenna is introduced. It combines conductive fabric, used as the radiator, with polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) utilized as the substrate as well as the encapsulation of the antenna. The mechanical and electrical characteristics of PDMS-embedded conductive fabric structures are firstly investigated, followed by the general steps of the antenna fabrication process. As concept demonstrations, two designs, dual-band dual-mode and frequency-reconfigurable patch antennas, have been fabricated. Experimental investigations on the antennas' RF performance (both in free space and on a muscle phantom) and mechanical stability are also demonstrated. The latter includes bending on human's arm-shaped phantom and machine-washing tests. The results demonstrated that the proposed method is applicable for realization of robust, flexible, not only passive but also active, wearable antennas.
Singh, AM, Phung, MD & Ha, QP 1970, 'Modelling and Fast Terminal Sliding Mode Control for Mirror-based Pointing Systems', 2018 15th International Conference on Control, Automation, Robotics and Vision (ICARCV), 2018 15th International Conference on Control, Automation, Robotics and Vision (ICARCV), IEEE, Singapore, pp. 1158-1163.
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© 2018 IEEE. In this paper, we present a new discrete-time Fast Terminal Sliding Mode (FTSM) controller for mirror-based pointing systems. We first derive the decoupled model of those systems and then estimate the parameters using a nonlinear least-square identification method. Based on the derived model, we design a FTSM sliding manifold in the continuous domain. We then exploit the Euler discretization on the designed FTSM sliding surfaces to synthesize a discrete-time controller. Furthermore, we improve the transient dynamics of the sliding surface by adding a linear term. Finally, we prove the stability of the proposed controller based on the Sarpturk reaching condition. Extensive simulations, followed by comparisons with the Terminal Sliding Mode (TSM) and Model Predictive Control (MPC) have been carried out to evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed approach. A comparative study with data obtained from a real-time experiment was also conducted. The results indicate the advantage of the proposed method over the other techniques.
Singh, K, Kovaleva, M, Esselle, K & Kot, J 1970, 'Design and Optimization of Dielectrically-Loaded Wideband Waveguide Polarizer', 2018 IEEE Asia-Pacific Conference on Antennas and Propagation (APCAP), 2018 IEEE Asia-Pacific Conference on Antennas and Propagation (APCAP), IEEE, Auckland, NEW ZEALAND, pp. 329-331.
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Singh, RK, Xu, Y, Wang, R, Hamilton, TJ, van Schaik, A & Denham, SL 1970, 'CAR-Lite: A Multi-Rate Cochlea Model on FPGA', 2018 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS), 2018 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS), IEEE.
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© 2018 IEEE. Filters in cochlea models use different coefficients to break sound into a two-dimensional time-frequency representation. On digital hardware with a single sampling rate, the number of bits required to represent these coefficients require substantial computational resources such as memory storage. In this paper, we present a cochlea model operating at multiple sampling rates. As a result, fewer bits are required to represent filter coefficients on hardware as opposed to all the filters operating at a single sampling rate. Additionally, with a 108-filter cochlea implementation, up to nine times fewer coefficients are used than a single sampling rate approach across all filter sections. We present an implementation of 108 filters in Matlab and on an Altera Cyclone V FPGA with a low logic level utilization of 2.57%. Our model can thus be extended to include other auditory processing models such as loudness, pitch perception and timbre recognition on a single FPGA.
Siwakoti, YP 1970, 'A new six-switch five-level boost-active neutral point clamped (5L-Boost-ANPC) inverter', 2018 IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition (APEC), 2018 IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition (APEC), IEEE, San Antonio, TX, USA, pp. 2424-2430.
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© 2018 IEEE. Multilevel converters have seen an increasing popularity in the last decades, due to the increased power ratings, improved power quality, low switching losses, and reduced Electromagnetic Interference (EMI). Among them, the most popular ones are the Neutral Point Clamped (NPC) and the Flying Capacitor (FC) inverter topologies. Different derivatives of the NPC and FC are prevalent in the literature for various applications. However, the main drawback of the NPC and FC topologies is the high dc-link voltage, which has to be more than twice of the grid peak voltage for grid integration. Therefore, a front-end boost dc-dc converter is normally required before the inverter, which decreases the overall efficiency of the system. Single-stage dc-ac power converters with boost capabilities offer an interesting alternative compared to the two-stage approach. Considering this aspect, a novel 5-Level three-phase boost type inverter is introduced in this paper for general-purpose applications (e.g. rolling mills, fans, pumps, marine appliances, mining, tractions, and most prominently grid-connected renewable energy, etc.) which reduces the dc-link voltage requirement to half of the conventional 5-Level NPC, ANPC and 5-Level FC family. Whilst reducing the dc-link voltage requirement, the number of active and passive components are also reduced. The principle of operation and theoretical analysis supported by key simulation and experimental waveforms of a 1.5 kW prototype are presented to prove the concept of the proposed 5L-Boost-ANPC inverter.
Siwakoti, YP, Liese, S, Mahajan, A, Palanisamy, A, Rogers, D & Blaabjerg, F 1970, 'A New Seven-Level Active Boost Neutral Point Clamped (7L-ABNPC) Inverter', 2018 IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition (ECCE), 2018 IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition (ECCE), IEEE, Portland, OR, pp. 5636-5642.
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This paper presents a novel seven-level inverter circuit for a medium-voltage high-power applications. It consists of two inner flying-capacitor units forming a similar structure as of conventional T-type Active Neutral Point Clamped (ANPC) inverter. This unique arrangement and reduced number of both active and passive components with a simple modulation technique reduces both cost and complexity in the system design. This, in turn, will make the overall system appealing for various industrial applications (e.g. rolling mills, fans, pumps, marine appliances, mining, tractions, and most prominently grid-connected renewable energy, etc.). In addition, compared to conventional 7-Level Neutral Point Clamped (NPC), Active NPC (ANPC) and 7-Level Flying Capacitor (FC) family, the reduction of the dc-link voltage by 50% is a notable contribution. Hereafter, the inverter is named as Seven-Level Active Boost NPC inverter, or in short 7L-ABNPC inverter. The principle of operation and theoretical analysis supported by key simulation and experimental waveforms of a 2.2 kVA prototype are presented to prove the concept of the proposed 7L-ABNPC inverter.
Siwakoti, YP, Mahajan, A & Liese, S 1970, 'Active Utilization of a Full DC-Link Voltage in Multilevel Converter', 2018 IEEE International Telecommunications Energy Conference (INTELEC), 2018 IEEE International Telecommunications Energy Conference (INTELEC), IEEE, Italy.
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© 2018 IEEE. Multilevel inverter technology has emerged recently as a very important alternative in the area of high-power medium-voltage energy conversion. Multilevel inverter reduces the inductors and filters size, whilst improving the output power quality. However, the main drawback of the multi-level inverter topologies is that they utilizes only ≤ 50% of the input dc-bus voltage, i.e. they require two times the peak of ac output voltage. For example, the nominal input voltage of the NPC, ANPC and Flying Capacitor is 800 V dc . This high dc-link voltage not only requires higher voltage components (both active and passive) but also prompts to use an additional front-end boost dc-dc converter. Considering these aspects, this paper presents a novel technique to extend the input dc-bus voltage utilization in any conventional multilevel inverter from ≤ 50% to ≤ 100%. The novel technique utilizes an additional T-type module (consist of four active switches), which is inserted just before the two dc-link capacitor forming a new grounding point. The novel method not only reduces the input voltage requirement and voltage stress, but also increases the output voltage levels of the inverter. In general, this technique can be implemented to any multilevel inverter. An example of implementation of 5L inverter from the conventional 3-Level T-type inverter is discussed and validated. Measurement results shows that the new Dual T-type inverter has a flat efficiency « 99 % over a wide range of load.
Stephenson, RM, Chai, R & Eager, D 1970, 'Isometric Finger Pose Recognition with Sparse Channel SpatioTemporal EMG Imaging', 2018 40th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC), 2018 40th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC), IEEE, USA, pp. 5232-5235.
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© 2018 IEEE. High fidelity myoelectric control of prostheses and orthoses isparamount to restoring lost function to amputees and neuro-muscular disease sufferers. In this study we prove that patio-temporal imaging can be used to allow convolutional neural networks to classify sparse channel EMG samples from a consumer-grade device with over 94% accuracy. 10,572 images are generated from 960 samples of simple and complex isometric finger poses recorded from 4 fully intact subjects. Real-time classification of 12 poses is achieved with a 250ms continuous overlapping window.
Su, B, Sun, X, Lei, G, Yang, Z, Zhu, J, Guo, Y & Diao, K 1970, 'Performance Analysis of Suspension Force and Torque in an IBPMSM with V-shape PMs for Flywheel Batteries', 2018 IEEE INTERNATIONAL MAGNETIC CONFERENCE (INTERMAG), IEEE International Magnetics Conference (INTERMAG), IEEE, Singapore, SINGAPORE.
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Su, B, Sun, X, Lei, G, Yang, Z, Zhu, J, Guo, Y & Diao, K 1970, 'Performance Analysis of Suspension Force and Torque in an IBPMSM with V-shape PMs for Flywheel Batteries', 2018 IEEE International Magnetics Conference (INTERMAG), 2018 IEEE International Magnetics Conference (INTERMAG), IEEE.
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© 2018 IEEE. Due to the advantages such as high energy density, high power density, high cyclic-life, and environmentally friendly, flywheel have the potential to solve the problem of energy storage. In this paper, the interior bearingless permanent magnet synchronous motors (IBPMSMs) with V-shape permanent magnets (PMs) used for flywheel batteries of electric vehicles (EVs) is researched in detail. Especially, the influence of geometrical parameters of V-shape PMs on suspension force is investigated. Furthermore, the corresponding static electronic magnetic characteristics including inductances, electromagnetic torque is also studied. The finite-element method (FEM) is employed to evaluate the theoretical analysis
Suarez-Rodriguez, C, Jayawickrama, BA, Bader, F, Dutkiewicz, E & Heimlich, M 1970, 'REM-based handover algorithm for next-generation multi-tier cellular networks.', WCNC, IEEE Wireless Communications and Networking Conference, IEEE, Barcelona, Spain, pp. 1-6.
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© 2018 IEEE. The strongest-cell criterion has been extensively used for handover algorithms during the last cellular-network generations. When network topologies become multi-layered, it results in abrupt behaviors such as the ping-pong effect as a consequence of the power gap between tiers and their irregular deployment. This effect not only affects users' quality of experience but also introduces a significant network overhead. Therefore, we propose an original handover algorithm based on predicted incomplete channel states from a Radio Environment Map to reduce this effect. The proposed algorithm is user triggered, network assisted, and fully backward compatible with LTE-A. Moreover, we evaluate the performance of our proposed algorithm against LTE-A in a two-tier cellular network for different user speeds following the guidelines outlined by the 3GPP on diverse matters (channel, mobility, wrapping, etc.). When applying realistic timing, our results reveal a highly substantial improvement in the number of ping-pong handovers regardless of the handover policy adopted in comparison to LTE-A without sacrificing users' experience; for instance, we obtain at least an order of magnitude decrease in the ping-pong rate at the expense of losing less than 9 percent in spectral efficiency.
Subasinghage, K, Gunawardane, K & Kularatna, N 1970, 'DO-SCALDO design approach versus other split-rail, inductor-less DC-DC converter techniques', 2018 IEEE International Conference on Industrial Electronics for Sustainable Energy Systems (IESES), 2018 IEEE International Conference on Industrial Electronics for Sustainable Energy Systems (IESES), IEEE.
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Subasinghage, K, Gunawardane, K & Kularatna, N 1970, 'Pole-zero analysis of supercapacitor-assisted low-dropout (SCALDO) regulator', 2018 IEEE International Conference on Industrial Electronics for Sustainable Energy Systems (IESES), 2018 IEEE International Conference on Industrial Electronics for Sustainable Energy Systems (IESES), IEEE.
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Subasinghage, K, Gunawardane, K, Kularatna, N & Lie, TT 1970, 'Selection of the Stable Range of the Equivalent Series Resistance (ESR) of the Output Capacitor for a SCALDO Regulator', 2018 IEEE 27th International Symposium on Industrial Electronics (ISIE), 2018 IEEE 27th International Symposium on Industrial Electronics (ISIE), IEEE.
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Sun, H, Ding, C, Bird, TS & Guo, YJ 1970, 'A base station antenna element with simple structure but excellent performance', 2018 Australian Microwave Symposium (AMS), 2018 Australian Microwave Symposium (AMS), IEEE, Brsibane, QLD, Australia, pp. 35-36.
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© 2018 IEEE. A ±45° dual-polarized concentrically arranged dipole antenna is proposed for base station applications. The simple, robust antenna consists of four simple dipoles arranged in a square above a flat reflector. Two specially designed feeding networks for the two polarizations are proposed to simultaneously excite the four dipoles. Without shaping the reflector, the combination of four dipoles provides a stable radiation pattern across a wide bandwidth. Measured results show that the proposed antenna has an input reflection coefficient ≤ -14 dB from 1.71 to 2.71 GHz for both polarizations. Across this wide bandwidth (45.2%), the half-power-beamwidths (HPBWs) of the two polarizations remain very stable in the range from 60.5° to 69.5°. High port-to-port isolation ≥ 30 dB and low cross-polarization level ≤ -20 dB are achieved over the entire operating band.
Sun, H, Ding, C, Yang, T, Guo, YJ & Qin, P 1970, 'A wideband base station antenna with stable radiation pattern', 2018 Australian Microwave Symposium (AMS), 2018 Australian Microwave Symposium (AMS), IEEE, Brisbane, QLD, Australia, pp. 5-6.
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© 2018 IEEE. This paper presents the configuration and experimental results of a novel wideband dual-polarized base station antenna with superior performance. The proposed antenna consists of four electric folded dipoles arranged in an octagon shape that are excited simultaneously for each polarization. Experimental results show that this element has a wide bandwidth of 46.4% from 1.69 GHz to 2.71 GHz with ≥ 15 dB return loss. Across this wide band, the variations of the half-power-beamwidths (HPBWs) of the two polarizations are all within 66.5° ± 5.5°, the port-to-port isolation is > 28 dB, and the cross-polarization discrimination (XPD) is > 25 dB.
Sun, H-H, Ding, C & Guo, YJ 1970, 'A Novel Dual-Polarized Planar Antenna', 2018 IEEE International Symposium on Antennas and Propagation & USNC/URSI National Radio Science Meeting, 2018 IEEE International Symposium on Antennas and Propagation & USNC/URSI National Radio Science Meeting, IEEE, Boston, MA, USA, pp. 2185-2186.
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© 2018 IEEE. A wideband dual-polarized antenna with a novel planar configuration is presented for base station applications. Two groups of simple dipoles are fed by two microstrip feed networks to achieve ±45° polarizations. A novel feeding technique that leads to a planar configuration is described. Measured results show that excellent matching and stable radiation performances are achieved over a wide band.
Sun, X, Shi, Z, Chen, L, Yang, Z, Lei, G, Zhu, JG & Guo, YG 1970, 'Skew Angle Optimization Analysis of a Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor for EVs', 2018 IEEE International Conference on Applied Superconductivity and Electromagnetic Devices (ASEMD), 2018 IEEE International Conference on Applied Superconductivity and Electromagnetic Devices (ASEMD), IEEE, China.
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© 2018 IEEE. In this paper, the skew angle of the permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) for electric vehicles (EVs) is studied. The stability of the output torque of the driving motor is important for the EVs. The influence of skew angle on the Back-electromotive force, cogging torque, and output torque are studied by finite element analysis. The optimum skew angle of the stator slot is analyzed for the prototype. The results show that the proposed PMSM has better comprehensive performance after the optimization of the skew angle.
Suraweera, N, Li, S, Johnson, M, Collings, IB, Hanly, SV, Ni, W & Hedley, M 1970, 'A Passive Tracking System with Decimeter-Level Accuracy Using IEEE 802.11 Signals', 2018 Military Communications and Information Systems Conference (MilCIS), 2018 Military Communications and Information Systems Conference (MilCIS), IEEE.
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Taghizadeh, S, Hossain, MJ & Lu, J 1970, 'Efficacy of Interleaved Two-leg Buck-boost Converter in EV Charger Design', 2018 International Symposium on Power Electronics, Electrical Drives, Automation and Motion (SPEEDAM), 2018 International Symposium on Power Electronics, Electrical Drives, Automation and Motion (SPEEDAM), IEEE, Amalfi, ITALY, pp. 601-606.
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Taghizadeh, S, Jamborsalamati, P, Hossain, MJ & Lu, J 1970, 'Design and Implementation of an Advanced Vehicle-to-Vehicle (V2V) Power Transfer Operation Using Communications', 2018 IEEE International Conference on Environment and Electrical Engineering and 2018 IEEE Industrial and Commercial Power Systems Europe (EEEIC / I&CPS Europe), 2018 IEEE International Conference on Environment and Electrical Engineering and 2018 IEEE Industrial and Commercial Power Systems Europe (EEEIC / I&CPS Europe), IEEE, Univ Palermo, Palermo, ITALY.
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Taghizadeh, S, Water, W, Hossain, MJ, Raf, FHM & Lu, J 1970, 'An Enhanced Adaptive Filter for Orthogonal Signal Generation in a Single-phase DQ Current Controller', 2018 IEEE 7th International Conference on Power and Energy (PECon), 2018 IEEE 7th International Conference on Power and Energy (PECon), IEEE, Kuala Lumpur, MALAYSIA, pp. 338-343.
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Tang, J, Tian, Y, Jiang, X, Tsutsui, H & Miyanaga, Y 1970, 'An Evaluation of Keyword Detection Using ACF of Pitch for Robust Speech Recognition', 2018 18th International Symposium on Communications and Information Technologies (ISCIT), 2018 18th International Symposium on Communications and Information Technologies (ISCIT), IEEE, pp. 278-279.
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In the contemporary world, there have been increasing interests in the field o f a utomatic s peech recognition (ASR) and keyword detection (KWD). Also, recently significant improvements have been made in the performance of keyword detection using VAD for pitch in continuous speech signals. This paper develops a new noise robust keyword detection system in continuous speech signals. Voice activity detection (VAD) is employed in the frequency domain to detect speech parts from sentences. And our proposed VAD system is specifically based on pitch frequency which is calculated by short-Time autocorrelation functions (ACF). Basically, two steps make up the process of keyword detection-keyword searching and keyword recognition. In our research, we concentrate on keyword searching and then extracting them from continuous speech signals. The proposed VAD system for pitch shows a good performance for its high keyword detection rate on continuous speech signals even in the case of low SNR.
Tian, Y, Tang, J, Jiang, X, Tsutsui, H & Miyanaga, Y 1970, 'Accuracy on Children’s Speech Recognition under Noisy Circumstances', 2018 18th International Symposium on Communications and Information Technologies (ISCIT), 2018 18th International Symposium on Communications and Information Technologies (ISCIT), IEEE.
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Tofigh, F, Mao, G, Lipman, J & Abolhasan, M 1970, 'Crowd Density Mapping Based on Wi-Fi Measurements on Train Platforms', 2018 12th International Conference on Signal Processing and Communication Systems (ICSPCS), 2018 12th International Conference on Signal Processing and Communication Systems (ICSPCS), IEEE, Cairns, Australia.
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© 2018 IEEE. Crowd distribution is a challenging issue in the management and design levels. This paper provides a passive method to derive the crowd density distribution using Wi-Fi measurements on a real scenario. Six WiFi access points (AP) are deployed in the platform 2/3 of Redfern station, Sydney to monitor the platform for a week. Based on the probability maps that are built using RSSI measurements and prior knowledge, the crowd distribution is calculated on the platform and its results are compared with distributions acquired from CCTV images. Final density heat maps are in good agreement with the acquired results from CCTV cameras.
Tran, TT, Kianinia, M, Kim, S, Nguyen, M, Froch, J, Xu, Z-Q, Toth, M & Aharonovich, I 1970, 'Quantum Emitters in Flatland', 2018 International Conference on Optical MEMS and Nanophotonics (OMN), 2018 International Conference on Optical MEMS and Nanophotonics (OMN), IEEE, Lausanne, SWITZERLAND, pp. 1-2.
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Tun, EE, Aramvith, S & Miyanaga, Y 1970, 'Feature Reduction on Fuzzy SVM-Based Coding Unit Decision in HEVC', 2018 International Conference on Engineering, Applied Sciences, and Technology (ICEAST), 2018 International Conference on Engineering, Applied Sciences, and Technology (ICEAST), IEEE.
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This paper proposes a feature reduction approach on a fuzzy SVM-based Coding Unit (CU) size decision method in a recent video encoding standard, High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC). The proposed feature reduction approach with Rate Control (RC) can reduce computational complexity by eliminating some correlated features of a fuzzy SVM-based CU size decision method under a similar coding efficiency. According to the empirical results, our approach can achieve up to 3% of Time Saving (TS) under the same RD performance over a fuzzy SVM-based approach.
Ullah, A, Lie, TT, Gunawardane, K & Nair, NKC 1970, 'Arcing behaviour of a potential high-temperature superconductor (HTS) circuit breaker arc model', 2018 IEEE International Conference on Industrial Electronics for Sustainable Energy Systems (IESES), 2018 IEEE International Conference on Industrial Electronics for Sustainable Energy Systems (IESES), IEEE.
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Ullah, A, Lie, TT, Gunawardane, K & Nair, NKC 1970, 'Failure detection algorithm for High-Temperature Superconductor (HTS) breaker arc model', 2018 IEEE Power & Energy Society Innovative Smart Grid Technologies Conference (ISGT), 2018 IEEE Power & Energy Society Innovative Smart Grid Technologies Conference (ISGT), IEEE.
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Umair, A, Nanda, P, He, X & Choo, K-KR 1970, 'User Relationship Classification of Facebook Messenger Mobile Data using WEKA', Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics), 12th International Conference on Network and System Security, Springer International Publishing, Hong Kong, pp. 337-348.
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© Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2018. Mobile devices are a wealth of information about its user and their digital and physical activities (e.g. online browsing and physical location). Therefore, in any crime investigation artifacts obtained from a mobile device can be extremely crucial. However, the variety of mobile platforms, applications (apps) and the significant size of data compound existing challenges in forensic investigations. In this paper, we explore the potential of machine learning in mobile forensics, and specifically in the context of Facebook messenger artifact acquisition and analysis. Using Quick and Choo (2017)’s Digital Forensic Intelligence Analysis Cycle (DFIAC) as the guiding framework, we demonstrate how one can acquire Facebook messenger app artifacts from an Android device and an iOS device (the latter is, using existing forensic tools. Based on the acquired evidence, we create 199 data-instances to train WEKA classifiers (i.e. ZeroR, J48 and Random tree) with the aim of classifying the device owner’s contacts and determine their mutual relationship strength.
Vinnikov, D, Chub, A, Liivik, E, Blaabjerg, F & Siwakoti, Y 1970, 'Boost half-bridge DC-DC converter with reconfigurable rectifier for ultra-wide input voltage range applications', 2018 IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition (APEC), 2018 IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition (APEC), IEEE, San Antonio, TX, USA, pp. 1528-1532.
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© 2018 IEEE. This paper introduces a novel galvanically isolated boost half-bridge dc-dc converter intended for modern power electronic applications where ultra-wide input voltage regulation range is needed. A reconfigurable output rectifier stage performs a transition between the voltage doubler and the full-bridge diode rectifiers and, by this means, extends the regulation range significantly. The converter features a low number of components and resonant soft switching of semiconductors, which result in high power conversion efficiency over a wide input voltage and load range. The paper presents the operating principle, prototype design and experimental study of the proposed converter.
Vu, L, Thuy, HV, Nguyen, QU, Ngoc, TN, Nguyen, DN, Hoang, DT & Dutkiewicz, E 1970, 'Time Series Analysis for Encrypted Traffic Classification: A Deep Learning Approach', 2018 18th International Symposium on Communications and Information Technologies (ISCIT), 2018 18th International Symposium on Communications and Information Technologies (ISCIT), IEEE, Bangkok, Thailand, pp. 121-126.
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© 2018 IEEE. We develop a novel time series feature extraction technique to address the encrypted traffic/application classification problem. The proposed method consists of two main steps. First, we propose a feature engineering technique to extract significant attributes of the encrypted network traffic behavior by analyzing the time series of receiving packets. In the second step, we develop a deep learning-based technique to exploit the correlation of time series data samples of the encrypted network applications. To evaluate the efficiency of the proposed solution on the encrypted traffic classification problem, we carry out intensive experiments on a raw network traffic dataset, namely VPN-nonVPN, with three conventional classifier metrics including Precision, Recall, and F1 score. The experimental results demonstrate that our proposed approach can significantly improve the performance in identifying encrypted application traffic in terms of accuracy and computation efficiency.
Vu, M, Tran, NH, Tuan, HD, Nguyen, TV & Nguyen, DHN 1970, 'On Optimal Input and Capacity of Non-Coherent Correlated MISO Channels under Per-Antenna Power Constraints', 2018 IEEE Seventh International Conference on Communications and Electronics (ICCE), 2018 IEEE Seventh International Conference on Communications and Electronics (ICCE), IEEE, Hue, Vietnam, pp. 115-120.
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© 2018 IEEE. This paper investigates the optimal input and capacity of non-coherent correlated multiple-input singleoutput (MISO) channels in fast Rayleigh fading under per-antenna power constraints. Toward this end, we first establish the convex and compact properties of the feasible sets, and demonstrate the existence of the optimal input distribution and the uniqueness of the optimal effective magnitude input distribution. By exploiting the solutions of a quadratic optimization problem, we show that the Kuhn-Tucker condition (KTC) on the optimal inputs can be simplified to a single dimension. As a result, we can apply the Identity Theorem to show the discrete and finite nature of the optimal effective magnitude distribution. By using this distribution, we then construct a finite and discrete optimal input vector distribution. The use of this input allows us to determine precisely the capacity gain of MISO over SISO via the phase solutions of a non-convex constrained quadratic optimization problem on a sphere. These phase solutions can be calculated effectively via a proposed penalized optimization algorithm.
Vu, TT, Huynh, NV, Hoang, DT, Nguyen, DN & Dutkiewicz, E 1970, 'Offloading Energy Efficiency with Delay Constraint for Cooperative Mobile Edge Computing Networks', 2018 IEEE Global Communications Conference, GLOBECOM 2018 - Proceedings, IEEE Global Communications Conference, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.
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We propose a novel edge computing network architecture that enables edgenodes to cooperate in sharing computing and radio resources to minimize thetotal energy consumption of mobile users while meeting their delayrequirements. To find the optimal task offloading decisions for mobile users,we first formulate the joint task offloading and resource allocationoptimization problem as a mixed integer non-linear programming (MINLP). Theoptimization involves both binary (offloading decisions) and real variables(resource allocations), making it an NP-hard and computational intractableproblem. To circumvent, we relax the binary decision variables to transform theMINLP to a relaxed optimization problem with real variables. After proving thatthe relaxed problem is a convex one, we propose two solutions namely ROP andIBBA. ROP is adopted from the interior point method and IBBA is developed fromthe branch and bound algorithm. Through the numerical results, we show that ourproposed approaches allow minimizing the total energy consumption and meet alldelay requirements for mobile users.
Wang, H, Nguyen, DN, Hoang, DT, Dutkiewicz, E & Cheng, Q 1970, 'Real-Time Crowdsourcing Incentive for Radio Environment Maps: A Dynamic Pricing Approach', 2018 IEEE Global Communications Conference (GLOBECOM), GLOBECOM 2018 - 2018 IEEE Global Communications Conference, IEEE, UAE.
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© 2018 IEEE. To effectively utilize/harvest short-lived whitespace that accounts for more than 30% of the cellular bands, it is critical to build a real-time radio environment map. Note that existing radio spectrum maps/databases (e.g., Google Spectrum Database) are updated on a daily or weekly basis. In this paper, we introduce a novel real-time crowdsourcing incentive solution that rewards mobile users who contribute their qualified spectrum sensing data to a radio environment map. First, we develop a feature-based model based on advanced machine learning techniques in order to estimate model parameters of the radio environment map. Based on the prediction model, we then propose a smart dynamic pricing strategy including prepaid and postpaid pricing schemes. The prepaid scheme is to guarantee the minimum payment for participants, and the postpaid scheme is to reward the participants according to their contributions. Importantly, in our model, the postpaid scheme will be adjusted iteratively in a real-time manner based on the contributions of participants to the spectrum map. After that we carry out real experiments through a mobile application and a cloud spectrum database. The experiment results show that our proposed solution can achieve not only better users' utilities, but also a lower overall system cost compared with those of some existing works.
Wang, S, Liu, C, Wang, Y, Lei, G, Zhu, J & Guo, Y 1970, 'Comparative Study of the Linear Superconductivity Machine with Different Stator and Winding Configurations', 2018 IEEE International Conference on Applied Superconductivity and Electromagnetic Devices (ASEMD), 2018 IEEE International Conference on Applied Superconductivity and Electromagnetic Devices (ASEMD), IEEE, Tianjin, China.
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© 2018 IEEE. For electrical machines, they can be designed with various kinds of the configurations, including the different stator and rotor structures and even the different winding configurations. For the design of them, the different design ideas can bring them with the different performance. In this paper, the design objective is to explore the best configurations for a linear superconductivity machine, which can be used for the magnet levitation train transportation [1] [2]. In this paper, the advantages and the working principles of the linear superconductivity machine are presented at first. Then the different configurations of them are shown and discussed which including the single side and double side configuration and as well as the fractional slot concentrated winding and the integral slot distributed winding configuration. For the performance comparison, the finite element method is adopted. At the last, the performance of the linear superconductivity machine with the above configurations are shown.
Wang, X, Cheng, E, Burnett, IS, Wilkinson, R & Lech, M 1970, 'Automatic tracking of multiple zebrafish larvae with resilience against segmentation errors', 2018 IEEE 15th International Symposium on Biomedical Imaging (ISBI 2018), 2018 IEEE 15th International Symposium on Biomedical Imaging (ISBI 2018), IEEE, Washington, DC, USA, pp. 1157-1160.
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© 2018 IEEE. The accurate tracking of zebrafish larvae movement is essential to many biomedical and neural science applications. This paper develops an accurate and reliable multiple zebrafish larvae tracking system resilient to detection and segmentation errors due to object misdetection and occlusion. The proposed system can therefore be applied to microscopic videos in unconstrained, realistic imaging conditions. Evaluated on a set of single and multiple adult and larvae zebrafish videos, a wide variety of (complex) video conditions were tested, including shadowing, labels, water bubbles and background artefacts. The proposed system obtains decreased overall MOTP error of up to 44.49 pixels compared to the commercial LoliTrack system, and increased MOTA accuracy by 31.57% compared with the state-of-the-art idTracker approach. The results offer an additional advantage of improved position detection, increased accuracy and unique identification compared to current techniques.
Wang, X, Zha, X, Yu, G, Ni, W, Liu, RP, Guo, YJ, Niu, X & Zheng, K 1970, 'Attack and Defence of Ethereum Remote APIs', 2018 IEEE Globecom Workshops (GC Wkshps), 2018 IEEE Globecom Workshops (GC Wkshps), IEEE, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates, United Arab Emirates.
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© 2018 IEEE. Ethereum, as the first Turing-complete blockchain platform, provides various application program interfaces for developers. Although blockchain has highly improved security, faulty configuration and usage can result in serious vulnerabilities. In this paper, we focus on the security vulnerabilities of the official Go-version Ethereum client (geth). The vulnerabilities are because of the insecure API design and the specific Ethereum wallet mechanism. We demonstrate attacks exploiting these vulnerabilities in an Ethereum testbed. The vulnerabilities are confirmed by the scanning results on the public Internet. Finally, corresponding countermeasures against attacks are provided to enhance the security of the Ethereum platform.
Wang, Y, Shen, J & Zhang, J 1970, 'Deep Bi-Dense Networks for Image Super-Resolution', 2018 Digital Image Computing: Techniques and Applications (DICTA), 2018 Digital Image Computing: Techniques and Applications (DICTA), IEEE, Canberra.
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This paper proposes Deep Bi-Dense Networks (DBD-N) for single image super-resolution. Our approach extends previous intra-block dense connection approaches by including novel inter-block dense connections. In this way, feature information propagates from a single dense block to all subsequent blocks, instead of to a single successor. To build a DBDN, we firstly construct intra-dense blocks, which extract and compress abundant local features via densely connected convolutional layers and compression layers for further feature learning. Then, we use an inter-block dense net to connect intra-dense blocks, which allow each intra-dense block propagates its own local features to all successors. Additionally, our bi-dense construction connects each block to the output, alleviating the vanishing gradient problems in training. The evaluation of our proposed method on five benchmark data sets shows that our DBDN outperforms the state of the art in SISR with a moderate number of network parameters.
Wang, Y, Shen, J & Zhang, J 1970, 'Deep Bi-Dense Networks for Image Super-Resolution', 2018 INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON DIGITAL IMAGE COMPUTING: TECHNIQUES AND APPLICATIONS (DICTA), International Conference on Digital Image Computing - Techniques and Applications (DICTA), IEEE, AUSTRALIA, Canberra, pp. 404-411.
Wang, Z, Xu, M, Ye, N, Wang, R & Huang, H 1970, 'RF-MVO: Simultaneous 3D Object Localization and Camera Trajectory Recovery Using RFID Devices and a 2D Monocular Camera', 2018 IEEE 38th International Conference on Distributed Computing Systems (ICDCS), 2018 IEEE 38th International Conference on Distributed Computing Systems (ICDCS), IEEE, Vienna, Austria.
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Most of the existing RFID-based localization systems cannot well locate RFID-tagged objects in a 3D space. Limited robot-based RFID solutions require reader antennas to be carried by a robot moving along an already-known trajectory at a constant speed. As the first attempt, this paper presents RFMVO, which fuses battery-free RFID and monocular visual odometry to locate stationary RFID tags in a 3D space and recover an unknown trajectory of reader antennas binding with a 2D monocular camera. The proposed hybrid system exhibits three unique features. Firstly, since the trajectory of a 2D monocular camera can only be recovered up to an unknown scale factor, RF-MVO combines the relative-scale camera trajectory with depth-enabled RF phase to estimate an absolute scale factor and spatially incident angles of an RFID tag. Secondly, we propose a joint optimization algorithm consisting of coarse-to-fine angular refinement, 3D tag localization and parameter nonlinear optimization, to improve real-time performance. Thirdly, RFMVO can determine the effect of relative tag-antenna geometry on the estimation precision, providing optimal tag positions and absolute scale factors. Our experiments show that RF-MVO can achieve 6.23cm tag localization accuracy in a 3D space and 0.0158 absolute scale factor estimation accuracy for camera trajectory recovery.
Wong, C 1970, 'Sequence Based Course Recommender for Personalized Curriculum Planning.', AIED (2), International Conference on Artificial Intelligence in Education, Springer, London, United Kingdom, pp. 531-534.
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© Springer International Publishing AG, part of Springer Nature 2018. Students in higher education need to select appropriate courses to meet graduation requirements for their degree. Selection approaches range from manual guides, on-line systems to personalized assistance from academic advisers. An automated course recommender is one approach to scale advice for large cohorts. However, existing recommenders need to be adapted to include sequence, concurrency, constraints and concept drift. In this paper, we propose the use of recent deep learning techniques such as Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) Recurrent Neural Networks to resolve these issues in this domain.
Xi, Y, Zheng, J, He, X, Jia, W & Li, H 1970, 'Beyond Context: Exploring Semantic Similarity for Tiny Face Detection', 2018 25th IEEE International Conference on Image Processing (ICIP), 2018 25th IEEE International Conference on Image Processing (ICIP), IEEE, Athens, Greece, pp. 1907-1911.
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© 2018 IEEE. Tiny face detection aims to find faces with high degrees of variability in scale, resolution and occlusion in cluttered scenes. Due to the very little information available on tiny faces, it is not sufficient to detect them merely based on the information presented inside the tiny bounding boxes or their context. In this paper, we propose to exploit the semantic similarity among all predicted targets in each image to boost current face detectors. To this end, we present a novel framework to model semantic similarity as pairwise constraints within the metric learning scheme, and then refine our predictions with the semantic similarity by utilizing the graph cut techniques. Experiments conducted on three widely-used benchmark datasets have demonstrated the improvement over the-state-of-the-arts gained by applying this idea.
Xie, J, Ma, Z, Zhang, G, Xue, J-H, Chien, J-T, Lin, Z & Guo, J 1970, 'BALSON: BAYESIAN LEAST SQUARES OPTIMIZATION WITH NONNEGATIVE L1-NORM CONSTRAINT', 2018 IEEE 28th International Workshop on Machine Learning for Signal Processing (MLSP), 2018 IEEE 28th International Workshop on Machine Learning for Signal Processing (MLSP), IEEE, Aalborg, Denmark.
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© 2018 IEEE. A Bayesian approach termed the BAyesian Least Squares Optimization with Nonnegative L 1 -norm constraint (BALSON) is proposed. The error distribution of data fitting is described by Gaussian likelihood. The parameter distribution is assumed to be a Dirichlet distribution. With the Bayes rule, searching for the optimal parameters is equivalent to finding the mode of the posterior distribution. In order to explicitly characterize the nonnegative L 1 -norm constraint of the parameters, we further approximate the true posterior distribution by a Dirichlet distribution. We estimate the moments of the approximated Dirichlet posterior distribution by sampling methods. Four sampling methods have been introduced and implemented. With the estimated posterior distributions, the original parameters can be effectively reconstructed in polynomial fitting problems, and the BALSON framework is found to perform better than conventional methods.
Xu, W, Zhu, R, Ye, C & Zhu, J 1970, 'Novel Heteropolar Hybrid Radial Magnetic Bearing with Dou-ble-Layer Stator for Flywheel Energy Storage System', 2018 IEEE International Magnetics Conference (INTERMAG), 2018 IEEE International Magnetics Conference (INTERMAG), IEEE.
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In this paper, one novel heteropolar radial hybrid magnetic bearing (HRHMB) with double-layer stator is proposed for flywheel energy storage system (FESS). Firstly, its topology and working principle are introduced in details. Then, some main dimension parameters are optimized to improve its suspension performance based on the equivalent magnetic circuit (EMC) and three-dimension finite element analysis (3-D FEA). Finally, the comparison of main performance indexes between the proposed HRHMB and conventional one under the same constraints is made, such as displacement stiffness, current stiffness and iron loss. It indicates that the novel HRHMB has smaller displacement stiffness, larger current stiffness and lower rotor iron loss, which is more suitable for high-speed FESS
Xu, Y, Afshar, S, Singh, RK, Hamilton, TJ, Wang, R & van Schaik, A 1970, 'A Machine Hearing System for Binaural Sound Localization based on Instantaneous Correlation', 2018 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS), 2018 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS), IEEE.
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© 2018 IEEE. We propose a biologically inspired binaural sound localization system for reverberant environments. It uses two 100-channel cochlear models to analyze binaural signals, and each channel of the left cochlea is compared with each channel of the right cochlea in parallel to generate a 2-D instantaneous correlation matrix (correlogram). The correlogram encodes both binaural cues and spectral information in a unified framework. A sound onset detector is used to generate the correlogram only during the sound onsets, and the onset correlogram is analyzed using a linear regression approach as well as an extreme learning machine (ELM). The proposed system is evaluated using experimental data in reverberation environments, and we obtained an average absolute error of 16.5° for linear regression and 12.8° for ELM regression in the -90° to 90° range.
Yang, T, Ding, C, Ziolkowski, RW & Guo, YJ 1970, 'High Birefringent ENZ Photonic Crystal Fibers', 2018 International Conference on Numerical Simulation of Optoelectronic Devices (NUSOD), 2018 International Conference on Numerical Simulation of Optoelectronic Devices (NUSOD), IEEE, Hong Kong, China, pp. 85-86.
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© 2018 IEEE. A novel photonic crystal fiber (PCF) design that has a simple circular air hole configuration is reported that yields a very high birefringence. The enhanced birefringence is achieved by filling a select number of the air holes in its cladding with an epsilon-near-zero (ENZ) material to break the index symmetry of its X- A nd Y-polarization states. Comparisons of initial numerical simulations based on ideal ENZ materials and then those based on realistic ones demonstrate that the high birefringence property is still maintainable with currently available ENZ materials.
Yang, Y, Xu, M, Wu, W, Zhang, R & Peng, Y 1970, '3D Multiview Basketball Players Detection and Localization Based on Probabilistic Occupancy', 2018 Digital Image Computing: Techniques and Applications (DICTA), 2018 Digital Image Computing: Techniques and Applications (DICTA), IEEE, Australia, pp. 267-274.
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© 2018 IEEE. This paper addresses the issue of 3D multiview basketball players detection and localization. Existing methods for this problem typically take background subtraction as input, which limits the accuracy of localization and the performance of further object tracking. Moreover, the performance of background subtraction based methods is heavily impacted by the occlusions in crowded scenes. In this paper, we propose an innovative method which jointly implements deep learning based player detection and occupancy probability based player localization. What's more, a new Bayesian model of the localization algorithms is developed, which uses foreground information from fisheye cameras to setup meaningful initialization values in the first step of iteration, in order to not only eliminate ambiguous detection, but also accelerate computational processes. Experimental results on real basketball game data demonstrate that our methods significantly improve the performance compared with current methods, by eliminating missed and false detection, as well as increasing probabilities of positive results.
Yang, Y, Zhu, H, Zhu, X & Xue, Q 1970, 'Integrated Third-Order Millimeter-Wave On-Chip Bandpass Filter using 0.13-μm SiGe Bi-CMOS Technology', 2018 IEEE/MTT-S International Microwave Symposium - IMS, 2018 IEEE/MTT-S International Microwave Symposium - IMS 2018, IEEE, Philadelphia, PA, pp. 1095-1098.
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© 2018 IEEE. This paper introduces an on-chip third-order bandpass filter (BPF) for millimeter-wave (mm-wave) applications. The proposed BPF is composed of three identical broadside-coupled meander-line resonators (BCMLR) which are jointly connected by three MIM capacitors through aT-shape network. The MIM capacitors are used as J-inverters for the implementation of the third-order BPF in order to achieve the desired multiple transmission poles and zeros across the passband and stopband, correspondingly. To fully understand the operational mechanism of the proposed high-order structure, the resonator and the proposed BPF are analyzed using an LC- equivalent circuit model for further investigation of the distribution of the transmission poles and zeros in terms of the metal inductance and MIM capacitance. To prove the concept, the proposed BPF prototype is implemented in a commercial 0.13-l.lm SiGe (Bi)-CMOS process. According to the results obtained from on-wafer measurement, three transmission poles and three transmission zeros are clearly observed. Noticeably, the proposed BPF exhibits excellent performances including a flat in-band response (less than 1 dB attenuation) from 26.7 GHz to 44.3 GHz with a measured insertion loss of 3.1 dB at the center frequency of 35.5 GHz and stopband attenuation up to 35 dB at 59 GHz. The chip size is 0.016 mm2(0.066 × 0.236 mm-), excluding the GSG pads.
Yao, J, Kong, X, Sandrasegaran, K & Liu, L 1970, 'Develop A Virtual System Using Traffic Flow Model For Intelligent Transportation in Smart City', 2018 18th International Symposium on Communications and Information Technologies (ISCIT), 2018 18th International Symposium on Communications and Information Technologies (ISCIT), IEEE, Bangkok, Thailand, pp. 110-115.
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Virtualization of Intelligent Transportation System (ITS) is a critical component of smart city. This paper presents a virtual system development approach using Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) for monitoring and control of traffic flow for ITS users. In this development, we design a scalable and modularized system architecture to allow adding new components in evolution development process. The major functions are designed for ITS users to analyze traffic flow in different road types including roundabout, signalized intersections, and unsignalized intersections. The major traffic models are developed using intersection control delay model and roundabout capacity model. The virtual system is able to support the decision making process for monitoring and control of traffic flow in smart city infrastructure.
Yao, L, Kusakunniran, W, Wu, Q, Zhang, J & Tang, Z 1970, 'Robust CNN-based Gait Verification and Identification using Skeleton Gait Energy Image', 2018 Digital Image Computing: Techniques and Applications (DICTA), 2018 Digital Image Computing: Techniques and Applications (DICTA), IEEE, Canberra, Australia.
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© 2018 IEEE. As a kind of behavioral biometrie feature, gait has been widely applied for human verification and identification. Approaches to gait recognition can be classified into two categories: model-free approaches and model-based approaches. Model-free approaches are sensitive to appearance changes. For model-based approaches, it is difficult to extract the reliable body models from gait sequences. In this paper, based on the robust skeleton points produced from a two-branch multi-stage CNN network, a novel model-based feature, Skeleton Gait Energy Image (SGEI), has been proposed. Relevant experimental performances indicate that SGEI is more robust to the cloth changes. Another contribution is that two different CNN-based architectures have been separately proposed for gait verification and gait identification. Both these two architectures have been evaluated on the datasets. They have presented satisfying performances and increased the robustness for gait recognition in the unconstrained environments with view variances and cloth variances.
Yao, Y, Zhang, J, Shen, F, Yang, W, Hua, X-S & Tang, Z 1970, 'Extracting Privileged Information from Untagged Corpora for Classifier Learning', Proceedings of the Twenty-Seventh International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence, Twenty-Seventh International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence {IJCAI-18}, International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization, Stockholm, Sweden, pp. 1085-1091.
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The performance of data-driven learning approaches is often unsatisfactory when the training data is inadequate either in quantity or quality. Manually labeled privileged information (PI), \eg attributes, tags or properties, is usually incorporated to improve classifier learning. However, the process of manually labeling is time-consuming and labor-intensive. To address this issue, we propose to enhance classifier learning by extracting PI from untagged corpora, which can effectively eliminate the dependency on manually labeled data. In detail, we treat each selected PI as a subcategory and learn one classifier for per subcategory independently. The classifiers for all subcategories are then integrated together to form a more powerful category classifier. Particularly, we propose a new instance-level multi-instance learning (MIL) model to simultaneously select a subset of training images from each subcategory and learn the optimal classifiers based on the selected images. Extensive experiments demonstrate the superiority of our approach.
Yao, Y, Zhang, J, Shen, F, Yang, W, Huang, P & Tang, Z 1970, 'Discovering and distinguishing multiple visual senses for polysemous words', 32nd AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence, AAAI 2018, AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence, The AAAI Press, New Orleans, USA, pp. 523-530.
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To reduce the dependence on labeled data, there have been increasing research efforts on learning visual classifiers by exploiting web images. One issue that limits their performance is the problem of polysemy. To solve this problem, in this work, we present a novel framework that solves the problem of polysemy by allowing sense-specific diversity in search results. Specifically, we first discover a list of possible semantic senses to retrieve sense-specific images. Then we merge visual similar semantic senses and prune noises by using the retrieved images. Finally, we train a visual classifier for each selected semantic sense and use the learned sense-specific classifiers to distinguish multiple visual senses. Extensive experiments on classifying images into sense-specific categories and re-ranking search results demonstrate the superiority of our proposed approach.
Yasmin Koli, MN, Afzal, MU, Esselle, K & Islam, MZ 1970, 'Effects of Tapering the Near-Field Distribution of Circularly Polarised Radial Line Slot Array Antennas', 2018 IEEE International Symposium on Antennas and Propagation & USNC/URSI National Radio Science Meeting, 2018 IEEE International Symposium on Antennas and Propagation & USNC/URSI National Radio Science Meeting, IEEE, Boston, MA, pp. 171-172.
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Ye, X, Yang, Z, Zhu, J & Guo, Y 1970, 'Design and Analysis of a Bearingless Fixed-pole Rotor Induction Motor', 2018 IEEE International Conference on Applied Superconductivity and Electromagnetic Devices (ASEMD), 2018 IEEE International Conference on Applied Superconductivity and Electromagnetic Devices (ASEMD), IEEE, Tianjin, China.
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© 2018 IEEE. Both torque winding magnetic field and suspension winding magnetic field induce currents in the rotor in conventional bearingless induction motor (BIM). Owing to the induced currents of suspension winding magnetic field, the airgap magnetic field is affected that can result in the error of radial suspension forces. To overcome such drawbacks, a novel BIM with fixed-pole rotor is proposed, which is called bearingless fixed-pole rotor induction (BFPRI) motor. First, the structure of BFPRI motor is designed and introduced. Then, rotor currents and radial suspension forces are calculated and compared with conventional BIM. Finally, the prototype motor equipped with fixed-pole rotor is constructed. In this novel motor, only the torque winding magnetic field will induce currents in the rotor, which makes the precision of radial suspension forces higher and reduces the complexity of BIM control system. Analytical results are validated through finite element analysis (FEA) and experimentation.
Yu, G, Wang, X, Zha, X, Zhang, JA & Liu, RP 1970, 'An Optimized Round-Robin Scheduling of Speakers for Peers-to-Peers-Based Byzantine Faulty Tolerance', 2018 IEEE Globecom Workshops (GC Wkshps), 2018 IEEE Globecom Workshops (GC Wkshps), IEEE, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.
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© 2018 IEEE. Blockchain technology has been showing its strong performance on decentralized security when integrating with Internet of Things network. However, the trilemma of scalability-security-decentralization exists in Blockchain-based IoT. Therein the typical round-robin scheduling implemented in the Byzantine Faulty Tolerance (BFT) proposed by Neo's Blockchain has a significant delay when consecutive faulty miners exist. This paper proposes a novel analysis model for evaluating the network performance collapse in general, followed by an optimized round-robin scheduling for the case when the mutual latency difference is not significant enough for ranking. Based on the model, the optimized mechanism is able to increase the block rate for a specific subset of consecutive faulty miners by nearly 50% and provide a linearly positive growth rate of the mitigation with respect to the fail rate of a single miner, which strongly promotes the efficiency of the P2P-based BFT consensus algorithm.
Yu, Z & Chaczko, Z 1970, 'Optimization of IMU Indoor Localization with Wireless Sensors', 2018 IEEE 4th International Conference on Computer and Communications (ICCC), 2018 IEEE 4th International Conference on Computer and Communications (ICCC), IEEE, China, Chengdu.
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Yuan, W, Shi, Q, Wu, N, Guo, Q & Huang, X 1970, 'Gaussian Message Passing Based Passive Localization in the Presence of Receiver Detection Failures', 2018 IEEE 87th Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC Spring), 2018 IEEE 87th Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC Spring), IEEE, Porto, Portugal, pp. 1-5.
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© 2018 IEEE. This paper considers the issue of passive localization based on time of arrival (TOA) measurement in the presence of receiver detection failures. In passive localization, the signal sent from the transmitter is reflected or relayed by «passive» target and then received at several distributed receivers. The target's position can be determined by collecting range mea- surements from all receivers. With a linearized model for range measurements, we build a factor graph model and implement Gaussian message passing algorithm to obtain target location and detect link failures. The Cramer-rao bound (CRB) is also derived to evaluate the performance of proposed algorithm. Simulation results verify the effectiveness of proposed factor graph approach.
Zhang, C, Du, Y, Chen, X & Lu, DD-C 1970, 'Cloud motion tracking system using low-cost sky imager for PV power ramp-rate control', 2018 IEEE International Conference on Industrial Electronics for Sustainable Energy Systems (IESES), 2018 IEEE International Conference on Industrial Electronics for Sustainable Energy Systems (IESES), IEEE, Hamilton, New Zealand, pp. 493-498.
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© 2018 IEEE. Passing cloud results in rapid changes in solar irradiance. The intermittency of PV power output has drawn serious concern as the PV system installation increases significantly. Consequently, power ramp-rate control (PRRC) is introduced as the regulation to avoid significant power fluctuations. These requirements are driving an increasing demand for short-term PV power forecasting. Sky imager has been used as an effective tool to predict the cloud motion, then to forecast the PV power. However, the high cost of sky imager system and long image processing delay are still hindering its application in PRRC. In this paper, a low-cost cloud motion tracking system has been designed and developed. Ultra short-term cloud motion forecasting has been achieved in sub-minute level which can be used in PRRC application. The proposed method improves the forecasting accuracy by multiple cloud centroids tracking. The effectiveness of the proposed method has been verified by the practical experiment results.
Zhang, G, OrConnor, M & Li, L 1970, 'On Convergence Analysis of Gradient Based Primal-Dual Method of Multipliers', 2018 IEEE Statistical Signal Processing Workshop (SSP), 2018 IEEE Statistical Signal Processing Workshop (SSP), IEEE, Freiburg, Germany, pp. 353-357.
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© 2018 IEEE. Recently, the primal-dual method of multipliers (PDMM) has been proposed and successfully applied to solve a number of decomposable convex optimizations distributedly and iteratively. In this work, we study the gradient based PDMM (GPDMM), where the objective functions are approximated using the gradient information per iteration. It is shown that for a certain class of decomposable convex optimizations, synchronous GPDMM has a sublinear convergence rate of O(1/K) (where K denotes the iteration index). Experiments on a problem of distributed ridge regularized logistic regression demonstrate the efficiency of synchronous GPDMM.
Zhang, H, Huang, X & Guo, YJ 1970, 'Low-Complexity Digital Modem Implementation for High-Speed Point-to-Point Wireless Communications', 2018 18th International Symposium on Communications and Information Technologies (ISCIT), 2018 18th International Symposium on Communications and Information Technologies (ISCIT), IEEE, Bangkok, Thailand, pp. 171-175.
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© 2018 IEEE. A low-complexity digital modem is presented in this paper for achieving high-speed and wideband point-To-point (P2P) wireless communications. By combining multiple functionalities into the transmitter and receiver filters, the signal processing complexity in the digital baseband can be significantly reduced. The structures and the implementation using field programmable gate array (FPGA) for the transmitter and receiver filters are described in details. Pre-equalization for reducing the impact of practical channel frequency response can be easily incorporated into the transmitter filter structure. The experimental test results using a 20 Gigabits per second (Gbps) digital modem prototype demonstrate the satisfactory performance with low FPGA resource usage.
Zhang, J, Li, L, Dorrell, DG, Rodriguez, J & Norambuena, M 1970, 'Investigation of Grid-Connected and Islanded Direct Matrix Converter for Renewable Microgrid Applications with Model Predictive Control', 2018 IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition (ECCE), 2018 IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition (ECCE), IEEE, Portland, OR, USA, pp. 3777-3783.
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© 2018 IEEE. The direct matrix converter has been proposed for many potential applications. However, it remains unexplored within the context of microgrids and distributed generation. This paper investigates the application of the direct matrix converter to these areas. Both the grid-connected and islanded operation modes are explored. Model predictive control is employed to achieve flexible active and reactive power regulation in the grid-connected mode, and stable sinusoidal voltage control in the islanded mode. It is also used to achieve grid voltage synchronization prior to grid connection. Simulation and experimental results verify the feasibility and effectiveness of the direct matrix converter when used in grid-connected and islanded microgrids. When used in the matrix converter-connected microgrid, model predictive control is effective in regulating the voltage and the power exchange with the grid.
Zhang, J, Li, L, Norambuena, M, Rodriguez, J & Dorrell, DG 1970, 'Sequential Model Predictive Control of Direct Matrix Converter without Weighting Factors', IECON 2018 - 44th Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society, IECON 2018 - 44th Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society, IEEE, Washington, DC, USA, pp. 1477-1482.
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© 2018 IEEE. The direct matrix converter (MC) is a promising converter that performs direct AC-to-AC conversion. Model predictive control (MPC) is a simple and powerful control strategy for power electronic converters including the MC. However, weighting factor design and heavy computational burden impose significant challenges for this control strategy. This paper investigates the sequential MPC (SMPC) for a three-phase direct MC. In this control strategy, each control objective has an individual cost function and these cost functions are evaluated sequentially based on priority. The complex weighting factor design process is not required and the computational burden can be reduced. In addition, specifying the priority for control objectives can be achieved. A comparative simulation study with standard MPC is carried out in Matlab/Simulink. Control performance is compared to the standard MPC and found to be comparable. Simulation results verify the effectiveness of the proposed strategy.
Zhang, J, Wu, Q, Shen, C, Zhang, J, Lu, J & van den Hengel, A 1970, 'Goal-Oriented Visual Question Generation via Intermediate Rewards', Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics), European Conference on Computer Vision, Springer International Publishing, Munich, Germany, pp. 189-204.
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© 2018, Springer Nature Switzerland AG. Despite significant progress in a variety of vision-and-language problems, developing a method capable of asking intelligent, goal-oriented questions about images is proven to be an inscrutable challenge. Towards this end, we propose a Deep Reinforcement Learning framework based on three new intermediate rewards, namely goal-achieved, progressive and informativeness that encourage the generation of succinct questions, which in turn uncover valuable information towards the overall goal. By directly optimizing for questions that work quickly towards fulfilling the overall goal, we avoid the tendency of existing methods to generate long series of inane queries that add little value. We evaluate our model on the GuessWhat?! dataset and show that the resulting questions can help a standard ‘Guesser’ identify a specific object in an image at a much higher success rate.
Zhang, L, Xu, J, Zhang, J & Gong, Y 1970, 'Information Enhancement for Travelogues via a Hybrid Clustering Model', 2018 Digital Image Computing: Techniques and Applications (DICTA), 2018 Digital Image Computing: Techniques and Applications (DICTA), IEEE, Canberra, ACT, Australia, pp. 1-8.
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Travelogues consist of textual information shared by tourists through web forums or other social media which often lack illustrations (images). In image sharing websites like Flicker, users can post images with rich textual information: `title', `tag' and `description'. The topics of travelogues usually revolve around beautiful sceneries. Corresponding landscape images recommended to these travelogues can enhance the vividness of reading. However, it is difficult to fuse such information because the text attached to each image has diverse meanings/views. In this paper, we propose an unsupervised Hybrid Multiple Kernel K-means (HMKKM) model to link images and travelogues through multiple views. Multi-view matrices are built to reveal the correlations between several respects. For further improving the performance, we add a regularisation based on textual similarity. To evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed method, a dataset is constructed from TripAdvisor and Flicker to find the related images for each travelogue. Experiment results demonstrate the superiority of the proposed model by comparison with other baselines.
Zhang, P, Wu, Q, Xu, J & Zhang, J 1970, 'Long-Term Person Re-identification Using True Motion from Videos', 2018 IEEE Winter Conference on Applications of Computer Vision (WACV), 2018 IEEE Winter Conference on Applications of Computer Vision (WACV), IEEE, Lake Tahoe, NV, USA, pp. 494-502.
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© 2018 IEEE. Most person re-identification approaches and benchmarks assume that pedestrians go across the surveillance network without significant appearance changes in a brief period, which explicitly restricts person re-identification to a short-term event and incurs inter-sample similarity measurement by appearance matching. However, pedestrians are likely to reappear in the surveillance network after a long-time interval (long-term) and change their wearing in many real-world scenarios. These scenarios inevitably cause appearances between subjects more ambiguous and indistinguishable. In this paper we consider these scenarios and propose a unified feature representation based on true motion cues from videos named FIne moTion encoDing (FITD). Our hypothesis is that people keep constant motion patterns under non-distraction walking condition. Therefore, the motion characteristics are more reliable than static appearance feature to describe a walking person. Particularly, we extract motion patterns hierarchically by encoding trajectory-aligned descriptors with Fisher vectors in a spatial-aligned pyramid. To verify benefits of the proposed FITD, we collect a new dataset typically for the long-term situations. Extensive experiments demonstrate the merits of our FITD especially for the long-term scenarios.
Zhang, T, Gong, C, Jia, W, Song, X, Sun, J & Wu, X 1970, 'Supervised Image Classification with Self-Paced Regularization', 2018 IEEE International Conference on Data Mining Workshops (ICDMW), 2018 IEEE International Conference on Data Mining Workshops (ICDMW), IEEE, Singapore, Singapore, pp. 411-414.
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© 2018 IEEE. In this paper, we present a new scheme for image classification that is robust to samples noises. The proposed scheme depicts a novel sparse classification model with self-paced learning mechanism. First, inspired by the outstanding performance of curriculum learning, we integrate the idea of self-paced learning into supervised class-specific dictionary learning to select appropriate training samples. Secondly, we design a novel sparse representation model associated with self-paced learning regularization, which employs locally linear reconstruction to improve the accuracy of the classifier and exploit the manifold structure of data. By using the designed model, a classification scheme integrating self-paced learning is proposed to exploit more discriminative image information. The experimental results on two typical datasets indicate that our constructed model achieves the competitive performance when compared with the state-of-the-art methods.
Zhang, W, Liu, T, Zhang, M, Zhang, Y, Li, H, Ueland, M, Forbes, SL, Rosalind Wang, X & Su, SW 1970, 'NOS.E: A New Fast Response Electronic Nose Health Monitoring System', 2018 40th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC), 2018 40th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC), IEEE, USA, pp. 4977-4980.
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© 2018 IEEE. We present a practical electronic nose (e-nose) sys-tem, NOS.E, for the rapid detection and identification of human health conditions. By detecting the changes in the composition of an individual's respiratory gases, which have been shown to be linked to changes in metabolism, e-nose systems can be used to characterize the physical health condition. We demonstrated our system's viability with a simple data set consists of breath collected under three different scenarios from one volunteer. Our preliminary results show the popular classifier SVM can discriminate NOS.E's responses under the three scenarios with high performance. In future work, we will aim to gather a more varied data set to test NOS.E's abilities.
Zhang, Y, Yang, Q, Pang, W, Argha, A, Xu, P, Su, S & Yao, D 1970, 'Congestive Heart Failure Detection Via Short-Time Electrocardiographic Monitoring For Fast Reference Advice In Urgent Medical Conditions', 2018 40th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC), 2018 40th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC), IEEE, Honolulu, HI, USA, pp. 2256-2259.
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© 2018 IEEE. This study proposed a detection approach for the congestive heart failure (CHF) by short-time electrocardiographic monitoring. Recent literature only reported that RR intervals and Heart Rate Variability (HRV) indicated key hidden information to discriminate CHF groups from healthy controls. However whether it was possible to find certain short-time electrocardiographic monitoring duration for CHF clinical diagnoses, has not been well addressed. In the study, databases of 54 normal subjects and 15 CHF patients from PhysioNet were introduced. Signals were classified into variable assessment lengths. Based on R-R intervals in the assessment length, raw R-R intervals, mean and standard deviation (STD) of R-R intervals, and clinically standard features of shortterm (5-min) Heart Rate Variability (HRV), were comparatively analyzed, while combining with classifiers of Recurrent Neural Network (RNN), Random Forest (RF), and Support Vector Machine (SVM). The Leave-one-out Cross-Validation (LOOCV) was adopted for performance verification, by which the model extracted from certain assessment length was utilized to test measured data of a subject with the same length. Results showed that based on testing databases, a specific 30-minute duration can be achieved by choosing HRV features in full with sensitivity of 88.55% and specificity of 94.81%. It was believed that a short-time electrocardiographic monitoring for the CHF detection could be feasible if standard HRV features together with the classifier of RF or RNN are adopted. It implied that a short-time electrocardiographic monitoring can be applied for fast reference advice of CHF in urgent medical conditions.
Zhang, Z, Wu, Q, Wang, Y & Chen, F 1970, 'Fine-Grained and Semantic-Guided Visual Attention for Image Captioning', 2018 IEEE Winter Conference on Applications of Computer Vision (WACV), 2018 IEEE Winter Conference on Applications of Computer Vision (WACV), IEEE, Lake Tahoe, NV, USA, pp. 1709-1717.
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© 2018 IEEE. Soft-attention is regarded as one of the representative methods for image captioning. Based on the end-to-end CNN-LSTM framework, it tries to link the relevant visual information on the image with the semantic representation in the text (i.e. captioning) for the first time. In recent years, there are several state-of-the-art methods published, which are motivated by this approach and include more elegant fine-tune operation. However, due to the constraints of CNN architecture, the given image is only segmented to fixed-resolution grid at a coarse level. The overall visual feature created for each grid cell indiscriminately fuses all inside objects and/or their portions. There is no semantic link among grid cells, although an object may be segmented into different grid cells. In addition, the large-area stuff (e.g. sky and beach) cannot be represented in the current methods. To tackle the problems above, this paper proposes a new model based on the FCN-LSTM framework which can segment the input image into a fine-grained grid. Moreover, the visual feature representing each grid cell is contributed only by the principal object or its portion in the corresponding cell. By adopting the pixel-wise labels (i.e. semantic segmentation), the visual representations of different grid cells are correlated to each other. In this way, a mechanism of fine-grained and semantic-guided visual attention is created, which can better link the relevant visual information with each semantic meaning inside the text through LSTM. Without using the elegant fine-tune, the comprehensive experiments show promising performance consistently across different evaluation metrics.
Zhang, Z, Wu, Q, Wang, Y & Chen, F 1970, 'Size-Invariant Attention Accuracy Metric for Image Captioning with High-Resolution Residual Attention', 2018 Digital Image Computing: Techniques and Applications (DICTA), 2018 Digital Image Computing: Techniques and Applications (DICTA), IEEE, Canberra, Australia, pp. 1-8.
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© 2018 IEEE. Spatial visual attention mechanisms have achieved significant performance improvements for image captioning. To quantitatively evaluate the performances of attention mechanisms, the 'attention correctness' metric has been proposed to calculate the sum of attention weights generated for ground truth regions. However, this metric cannot consistently measure the attention accuracy among the element regions with large size variance. Moreover, its evaluations are inconsistent with captioning performances across different fine-grained attention resolutions. To address these problems, this paper proposes a size-invariant evaluation metric by normalizing the 'attention correctness' metric with the size percentage of the attended region. To demonstrate the efficiency of our size-invariant metric, this paper further proposes a high-resolution residual attention model that uses RefineNet as the Fully Convolutional Network (FCN) encoder. By using the COCO-Stuff dataset, we can achieve pixel-level evaluations on both object and 'stuff' regions. We use our metric to evaluate the proposed attention model across four high fine-grained resolutions (i.e., 27×27, 40×40, 60×60, 80×80). The results demonstrate that, compared with the 'attention correctness' metric, our size-invariant metric is more consistent with the captioning performances and is more efficient for evaluating the attention accuracy.
Zhao, S, Cheng, E, Qiu, X, Burnett, I & Liu, JCC 1970, 'Experimental investigations on the wind noise reduction of semi-spherical metal mesh windscreens', 25th International Congress on Sound and Vibration 2018, ICSV 2018: Hiroshima Calling, pp. 288-295.
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The accuracy of noise measurements in the presence of flow is affected by wind noise, which is the pseudo sound generated on the microphone by turbulent flow. In outdoor acoustic measurement, porous windscreens are usually installed on the microphones to reduce the wind noise. In strong windy conditions, an additional large secondary shell windscreen is used to further mitigate the wind effect. This paper performs a systematic experimental study of semi-spherical shell windscreens. The effects of the windscreen size, multi-layer windscreens and fabric coverings on both the wind noise reduction and insertion loss are investigated. For single-layer windscreens without coverings, the insertion loss is below 0.4 dB and the maximum wind noise reduction is achieved by the mid-sized windscreen of 20 cm diameter. Covering the single-layer windscreens with a thin and thick cloth is found to introduce additional 1.0 ~ 3.5 dB and 3.0 ~ 7.0 dB wind noise reduction, but also increases the insertion loss to 1.1 ~ 2.2 dB. The multilayer windscreens are found to be superior to the fabric coverings, improving the wind noise reduction while keeping the insertion loss small. The best performance is achieved by the five-layer windscreen, with an 18.2 dB wind noise reduction and a 0.6 dB insertion loss.
Zhou, K, Ling, Y, Li, C, Guan, G, McGloin, D, Huang, Z, Nabi, G & Lang, S 1970, 'Quantitative assessment of the mechanical properties of prostate tissue with optical coherence elastography', Therapeutics and Diagnostics in Urology 2018, Therapeutics and Diagnostics in Urology 2018, SPIE, San Francisco, California, United States.
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© COPYRIGHT SPIE. Downloading of the abstract is permitted for personal use only. Prostate cancer (PCa) is a heterogeneous disease with multifocal origin. In current clinical care, the Gleason scoring system is the well-established diagnosis by microscopic evaluation of the tissue from trans-rectal ultrasound (TRUS) guided biopsies. Nevertheless, the sensitivity and specificity in detecting PCa can range from 40 to 50% for conventional TRUS B-mode imaging. Tissue elasticity is associated with the disease progression and elastography technique has recently shown promise in aiding PCa diagnosis. However, many cancer foci in the prostate gland has very small size less than 1 mm and those detected by medical elastography were larger than 2 mm. Hereby, we introduce optical coherence elastography (OCE) to quantify the prostate stiffness with high resolution in the magnitude of 10 μm. Following our feasibility study of 10 patients reported previously, we recruited 60 more patients undergoing 12-core TRUS guided biopsies for suspected PCa with a total of 720 biopsies. The stiffness of cancer tissue was approximately 57.63% higher than that of benign ones. Using histology as reference standard and cut-off threshold of 600kPa, the data analysis showed sensitivity and specificity of 89.6% and 99.8% respectively. The method also demonstrated potential in characterising different grades of PCa based on the change of tissue morphology and quantitative mechanical properties. In conclusion, quantitative OCE can be a reliable technique to identify PCa lesion and differentiate indolent from aggressive cancer.
Zhu, H & Abbosh, AM 1970, 'Wideband tunable reflection-type phase shifter using high-directivity directional coupler', 2018 Australian Microwave Symposium (AMS), 2018 Australian Microwave Symposium (AMS), IEEE, Brisbane, QLD, Australia, pp. 49-50.
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© 2018 IEEE. A wideband tunable phase shifter that uses the concept of reflection-type phase shifter is proposed. The device is based on a tunable high-directivity directional coupler. The coupler uses two pairs of interconnected coupled-lines with suitable coplanar-waveguide transmission lines embedded within the ground plane. The tuning is realized by using two varactors and two inductors connected to two terminals of the coupler. Full-wave simulation is performed using co-simulation within ADS momentum using accurate SPICE model of the tuning elements. Moreover, a prototype is fabricated and tested. The tested results reveal that the proposed design can achieve wide operating bandwidth (105% fractional bandwidth) with 40° tuning phase.
Zhu, H & Guo, YJ 1970, 'Modified Wideband Tandem Couplers with Arbitrary Coupling Coefficient and its Implementation in Beam-Forming Networks', 2018 Asia-Pacific Microwave Conference (APMC), 2018 Asia-Pacific Microwave Conference (APMC), IEEE, Kyoto, Japan, pp. 542-544.
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© 2018 IEICE This paper presents a wideband quadrature coupler using a modified Tandem structure with two stages of cascaded coupled-lines. The proposed design is built in the stripline configuration, which can achieve wide operating bandwidth and excellent matching as well as high isolation across the whole band range. The proposed design with coupling coefficient of 3-dB and 1.77-dB is applied in the design of a wideband beam-forming network for wideband applications. Experimental result has been carried out, verifying that the design approach is useful for wideband applications.
Zhu, HL, Cao, YX, Ding, C, Wei, G & Jay Guo, Y 1970, 'Main Beam Manipulation of Patch Antenna Using Non-uniform Meta-surface', ISAP 2018 - 2018 International Symposium on Antennas and Propagation, International Symposium on Antennas and Propagation, IEEE, Busan, South Korea.
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A method to manipulate the main beam of patch antenna using non-uniform meta-surface (MS) is proposed in this paper. The proposed antenna is composed of a non-uniform MS placed directly atop of a patch antenna with an area of 100∗100 mm2 (0.82 λ 0∗ 0.82 λ 0), making it compact and low profile. After adding the MS to the patch antenna, the main-beam direction can be tilted by an angle of 30° from the boresight direction. The proposed antenna is studied and designed to operate around 2.45 GHz. Simulated results show that the antenna has an operating bandwidth from 2.372.51GHz and peak realized gain of 7.3dBi.
Zhu, Q, Dinh, TH, Hoang, VT, Phung, MD & Ha, QP 1970, 'Crack detection using enhanced thresholding on UAV based collected images', Australasian Conference on Robotics and Automation, ACRA.
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This paper proposes a thresholding approach for crack detection in an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) based infrastructure inspection system. The proposed algorithm performs recursively on the intensity histogram of UAV-taken images to exploit their crack-pixels appearing at the low intensity interval. A quantified criterion of interclass contrast is proposed and employed as an object cost and stop condition for the recursive process. Experiments on different datasets show that our algorithm outperforms different segmentation approaches to accurately extract crack features of some commercial buildings.
