Cavicchioli, R, Fegatella, F, Ostrowski, M, Eguchi, M & Gottschal, J 1999, 'Sphingomonads from marine environments', Journal of Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology, vol. 23, no. 4-5, pp. 268-272.
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De Lucca, S, Sporik, R, O’Meara, TJ & Tovey, ER 1999, 'Mite allergen (Der p 1) is not only carried on mite feces', Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, vol. 103, no. 1, pp. 174-175.
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De Lucca, SD, Taylor, DJM, O’Meara, TJ, Jones, AS & Tovey, ER 1999, 'Measurement and characterization of cockroach allergens detected during normal domestic activity', Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, vol. 104, no. 3, pp. 672-680.
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Background: Cockroach allergen is recognized as a causal factor for asthma. However, airborne cockroach allergen has not been detected in undisturbed conditions, and therefore the behavior and properties of airborne cockroach allergen have been poorly characterized. A new aeroallergen sampling method and sensitive system of immunoassay have been used to examine cockroach allergen exposure. Objective: Our purpose was to measure and characterize airborne cockroach allergens during normal domestic exposure in the homes of Sydney, Australia. Methods: Air sampling with Institute of Occupational Medicine, Edinburgh (IOM) samplers was performed in the living rooms of 10 houses during low- and no-disturbance environments. In addition, inhaled particles were collected by each home occupant during low domestic exposure with use of intra-nasal samplers that impact particles onto an adhesive surface. The particles collected on the IOMs and the intranasal samplers were immunostained with Bla g 1 monoclonal antibodies. Particle size, morphologic characteristics, and the relative Bla g 1 content of particles were estimated. Reservoir dust samples from the kitchen, living room, and bedroom were assayed by an ELISA. Two forms of repeatability of IOM air sampling were examined. The first measure tested the repeatability of 2 IOM samples collected simultaneously in the same room during low- and no-disturbance activities. The second measure examined the repeatability of IOM sampling over time on 10 consecutive days. Results: Bla g 1 was detected in reservoir dust samples taken from all homes (geometric mean 1.5 U/g, range 0.2-9.4 U/g). Inhaled particles containing Bla g 1 were detected during 1 hour of intra-nasal sampling in 8 of 10 homes during low disturbance. Cockroach particles were detected on all of the IOM samples collected for both 4-hour low-disturbance and overnight no-disturbance sampling environments. Particles containing Bla g 1 collected with the IOM samplers during l...
Doblin, MA, Blackburn, SI & Hallegraeff, GM 1999, 'Comparative study of selenium requirements of three phytoplankton species: Gymnodinium catenatum, Alexandrium minutum (Dinophyta) and Chaetoceros cf. tenuissimus (Bacillariophyta)', JOURNAL OF PLANKTON RESEARCH, vol. 21, no. 6, pp. 1153-1169.
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This study investigated the selenium (Se) requirements of three phytoplankton species which commonly bloom in southern Australian estuaries. The present study showed that the toxic dinoflagellate Gymnodinium catenatum Graham had an obligate requirement f
Doblin, MA, Blackburn, SI & Hallegraeff, GM 1999, 'Growth and biomass stimulation of the toxic dinoflagellate Gymnodinium catenatum (Graham) by dissolved organic substances', JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL MARINE BIOLOGY AND ECOLOGY, vol. 236, no. 1, pp. 33-47.
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Blooms of the toxic dinoflagellate Gymnodinium catenatum are annually recurrent events in south-east Tasmanian waters. Extensive blooms are preceded by a rainfall trigger and the associated influx of dissolved organic matter (DOM; otherwise known as humi
Helfrich, M, Ross, A, King, GC, Turner, AG & Larkum, AWD 1999, 'Identification of [8-vinyl]-protochlorophyllide a in phototrophic prokaryotes and algae: chemical and spectroscopic properties', Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Bioenergetics, vol. 1410, no. 3, pp. 262-272.
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[8-vinyl]-Protochlorophyllide a1 was isolated from a Prochloron sp. associated with the host ascidian, Lissoclinum patella. To obtain sufficient amounts for identification of the purified pigment, suitable extraction procedures and HPLC systems were developed. The structure was finally elucidated by UV-VIS and fluorescence spectroscopy, mass spectrometry and NMR (rotating-frame Overhauser enhancement spectroscopy). [8-vinyl]-Protochlorophyllide a was originally detected only as an intermediate in chlorophyll biosynthesis. Although its presence as a light-harvesting pigment was previously suggested in some prochlorophytes and eukaryotic algae, this is the first unequivocal demonstration of [8-vinyl]-protochlorophyllide a in an oxygenic phototroph. We also show that [8-vinyl]-protochlorophyllide a occurs in Prochloron species of four other ascidians as well as in Micromonas pusilla and Prochlorococcus marinus. The possible role of this pigment in photosynthesis is discussed. Copyright (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V.
Poulos, O'Meara, Sporik & Tovey 1999, 'Detection of inhaled Der p 1', Clinical & Experimental Allergy, vol. 29, no. 9, pp. 1232-1238.
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BackgroundMeasurement of personal exposure to Der p 1 aeroallergen has previously been limited by the low quantity of material collected by sampling systems and the assay sensitivity. This has meant that exposure could only be detected if long sampling periods were used or reservoir dust was artificially disturbed. We have developed a sampling method to sample true personal exposure and combined it with a novel method which is sensitive enough to measure allergen exposure over shorter time frames.ObjectiveTo describe normal domestic exposure to dust mite allergen during a range of activities in houses in Sydney, Australia.MethodsInhaled particles containing mite allergen Der p 1 were collected using a nasal air sampler which impacts particles (> ≈5 μm) onto a protein‐binding membrane coated with a thin, porous, adhesive film. The allergen is bound to the membrane in the immediate vicinity of the particle and detected by immunostaining with monoclonal antibodies specific for Der p 1. In addition, samples were collected using a standard Institute of Occupational Medicine (IOM) personal air sampler and the amount of eluted Der p 1 was assayed by ELISA.ResultsThe median number (range) of inhaled particles containing Der p 1 collected in each 10‐min sampling period was: dust raising 5 (2–10); lying in bed, 0 (0–2); sitting on the bed, 1 (0–2); walking around the bedroom, 0 (0–2). This represented 0–5.1% of all particles captured. The Der p 1 concentration of floor and bed dust was 19.4 and 55.1 μg/g, respectively. The standard IOM personal sampler and ELISA were unable to detect Der p 1 for any of the activities performed.ConclusionsWe were able to count individual allergen‐c...
Ralph, PJ 1999, 'Light-induced photoinhibitory stress responses of laboratory-cultured Halophila ovalis', BOTANICA MARINA, vol. 42, no. 1, pp. 11-22.
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This paper details experiments performed to investigate the short-term stress effects of both high and low-light regimes on laboratory-cultured Halophila ovalis using chlorophyll fluorescence. Increasing irradiance up to 400 mu mol quanta m(-2) s(-1) on
Ralph, PJ 1999, 'Photosynthetic response of Halophila ovalis (R-Br.) Hook. f. to combined environmental stress', AQUATIC BOTANY, vol. 65, no. 1-4, pp. 83-96.
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Combinations of stresses showed an additive effect in comparison to the individual stress responses. It is apparent from these results that thermal, elevated-light or osmotic stress increases the sensitivity of Halophila ovalis to any of the other stress
Ralph, PJ, Gademann, R, Larkum, AWD & Schreiber, U 1999, 'In situ underwater measurements of photosynthetic activity of coral zooxanthellae and other reef-dwelling dinoflagellate endosymbionts', MARINE ECOLOGY PROGRESS SERIES, vol. 180, pp. 139-147.
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Chlorophyll fluorescence was used to assess the iu situ photosynthesis of a range of reef-dwelling endosymbionts. Such non-intrusive in situ measurements became possible after the recent development of a submersible pulse modulated fluorometer (DIVING-PA
