Allen-Hall, A & McNevin, D 2012, 'Human tissue preservation for disaster victim identification (DVI) in tropical climates', Forensic Science International: Genetics, vol. 6, no. 5, pp. 653-657.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
Chadwick, S, Maynard, P, Kirkbride, P, Lennard, C, McDonagh, A, Spindler, X & Roux, C 2012, 'Styryl dye coated metal oxide powders for the detection of latent fingermarks on non-porous surfaces', FORENSIC SCIENCE INTERNATIONAL, vol. 219, no. 1-3, pp. 208-214.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>
Conventional fingermark powders rely on contrast induced by absorption/reflection (e.g. black powder) or luminescence in the visible region (e.g. Blitz Green ®). In most cases, these powders provide sufficient contrast; however, in some circumstances surface characteristics can interfere with the visualisation of powdered fingermarks. Visualisation in the near infra-red (NIR) region, however, has been shown to eliminate interferences commonly encountered in the visible region. In this study, a mixture of rhodamine 6G and the NIR laser dye styryl 11 (STaR 11) was coated onto an aluminium oxide nanopowder and then mixed with silver magnetic powder to develop and visualise fingermarks in the NIR. When compared to Blitz Green ®, it was determined that the STaR 11 magnetic powder was better suited for marks deposited on textured surfaces and for older marks, whereas Blitz Green ® performed better on smooth glossy surfaces. The ability of the STaR 11 mixed dye formulation to be visualised in both the visible and NIR regions also provides a significant advantage over conventional luminescent fingermark powders. © 2012 Elsevier Ireland Ltd.
Horton, RC, Kelly, TL, Lenehan, CE, Lennard, C, Lewis, SW, Lim, KF, Roux, C & Southam, DC 2012, 'Assessing Students’ Attitudes Toward Forensic Science: Collecting an Expert Consensus', Forensic Science Policy & Management: An International Journal, vol. 3, no. 4, pp. 180-188.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
Ma, R, Shimmon, R, McDonagh, A, Maynard, P, Lennard, C & Roux, C 2012, 'Fingermark detection on non-porous and semi-porous surfaces using YVO4:Er,Yb luminescent upconverting particles', FORENSIC SCIENCE INTERNATIONAL, vol. 217, no. 1-3, pp. E23-E26.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>
This article describes the use of an anti-Stokes luminescent material (upconverter), yttrium vanadate doped with ytterbium and erbium (YVO 4:Er,Yb), for the development of latent fingermarks on a range of non-porous surfaces. Anti-Stokes luminescent materials emit light at shorter wavelengths than the excitation wavelength. This property is unusual in both natural and artificial materials commonly found as exhibits in forensic science casework. As a result, fingermark detection techniques based on anti-Stokes luminescence are potentially extremely sensitive and selective.Latent fingermarks on non-luminescent and inherently luminescent substrates, including Australian polymer banknotes (a well-known 'difficult' surface), were developed with YVO 4:Er,Yb by dry powder and wet powder techniques. The effectiveness of YVO 4:Er,Yb for fingermark detection was compared with that of cyanoacrylate fuming and of sodium yttrium tetrafluoride doped with ytterbium and erbium (NaYF 4:Er,Yb). The results illustrate some benefit of luminescent up-converting phosphors over traditional luminescence techniques for the detection of latent fingermarks. © 2011 Elsevier Ireland Ltd.
Massonnet, G, Buzzini, P, Monard, F, Jochem, G, Fido, L, Bell, S, Stauber, M, Coyle, T, Roux, C, Hemmings, J, Leijenhorst, H, Van Zanten, Z, Wiggins, K, Smith, C, Chabli, S, Sauneuf, T, Rosengarten, A, Meile, C, Ketterer, S & Blumer, A 2012, 'Raman spectroscopy and microspectrophotometry of reactive dyes on cotton fibres: Analysis and detection limits', FORENSIC SCIENCE INTERNATIONAL, vol. 222, no. 1-3, pp. 200-207.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>
A collaborative study on Raman spectroscopy and microspectrophotometry (MSP) was carried out by members of the ENFSI (European Network of Forensic Science Institutes) European Fibres Group (EFG) on different dyed cotton fabrics. The detection limits of the two methods were tested on two cotton sets with a dye concentration ranging from 0.5 to 0.005% (w/w). This survey shows that it is possible to detect the presence of dye in fibres with concentrations below that detectable by the traditional methods of light microscopy and microspectrophotometry (MSP). The MSP detection limit for the dyes used in this study was found to be a concentration of 0.5% (w/w). At this concentration, the fibres appear colourless with light microscopy. Raman spectroscopy clearly shows a higher potential to detect concentrations of dyes as low as 0.05% for the yellow dye RY145 and 0.005% for the blue dye RB221. This detection limit was found to depend both on the chemical composition of the dye itself and on the analytical conditions, particularly the laser wavelength. Furthermore, analysis of binary mixtures of dyes showed that while the minor dye was detected at 1.5% (w/w) (30% of the total dye concentration) using microspectrophotometry, it was detected at a level as low as 0.05% (w/w) (10% of the total dye concentration) using Raman spectroscopy.
Mohanty, M 2012, 'New renewable energy sources, green energy development and climate change', Management of Environmental Quality: An International Journal, vol. 23, no. 3, pp. 264-274.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>
PurposeThe aim of the paper is to examine the renewable energy resources for enhancing a green energy development in the face of energy crisis and climate change, and to explore the prospects for “new” renewable energy sources and the green energy initiatives taken in the Pacific Island countries (PICs).Design/methodology/approachThe data were collated from a wide variety of sources including policy documents, road maps, reports, research articles on renewable and green energy sources. The methodology adopted was primarily a qualitative one based on a “content analysis”.FindingsThe findings reveal that increasing emphases have been given recently to “new” renewable and green energy sources in the Pacific Island countries as mitigation and adaptation strategies to fuel crisis and climate change. PICs have taken a wide range of green energy initiatives including “biomass”, solar, wind and other non‐traditional renewable energy sources and bio‐fuels development. Prospects for coconut, copra and palm‐oil based bio‐fuels do exist in many PICs. Opportunities for ethanol bio‐fuels also exist especially in Fiji.Practical implicationsRenewable and green energy sources are of practical implications to PICs. There is, however, a greater need for framing sound energy policies by the PICs.Originality/valueThe author has brought out clear linkages between climate change and green energy development and analyzed the importance of new renewable energy sources, especially in PICs. The paper has higher policy relevance and i...
Montgomery, L, Spindler, X, Maynard, P, Lennard, C & Roux, C 2012, 'Pretreatment strategies for the improved cyanoacrylate development of dry latent fingerprints on nonporous surfaces', Journal of Forensic Identification, vol. 62, no. 5, pp. 517-542.
View description>>
Cyanoacrylate fuming is a popular technique commonly used by evidence examiners for the development of latent fingermarks on nonporous surfaces. The process involves the preferential formation of hard, white polycyanoacrylate along the ridgelines of the fingerprint as opposed to the substrate background. This preferential deposition results in contrast between the fingerprint and substrate. This contrast may be further enhanced through the use of staining techniques such as rhodamine 6G. Because the cyanoacrylate mechanism is believed to be initiated by fingerprint constituents and catalyzed by moisture, it follows that fingerprints subjected to harsh conditions (e.g., heat, low humidity, or UV light) often produce poorly developed results. This study aimed to further investigate and validate the use of 10% w/v methylamine as a pretreatment strategy to overcome the limitations associated with the cyanoacrylate development of dry fingerprints and to compare the results with those obtained using previously proposed pretreatment solutions. The effectiveness of this treatment was demonstrated on samples similar to those encountered in casework, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of the treated fingerprints confirmed the rejuvenation of the dry latent deposits through a qualitative assessment of the polymer morphology.
Morelato, M, Beavis, A, Ogle, A, Doble, P, Kirkbride, P & Roux, C 2012, 'Screening of gunshot residues using desorption electrospray ionisation-mass spectrometry (DESI-MS)', FORENSIC SCIENCE INTERNATIONAL, vol. 217, no. 1-3, pp. 101-106.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>
Several studies have indicated that there are potential environmental sources of particles resembling inorganic primer found in gunshot residues (GSR); as a consequence examiners are reluctant to unambiguously assign the origin of inorganic particles. If organic gunshot residues (OGSR) were found in combination with inorganic particles, the possibility of environmental sources could be potentially eliminated, thereby significantly enhancing the strength of the evidence.Methods have been previously described whereby GSR specimens can be analysed for the presence of OGSR or inorganic GRS (IGSR). However, no methods have been reported that allow the analysis of both OGSR and IGSR on the same specimen.Described in this article is a direct method using desorption electrospray ionisation-mass spectrometry (DESI-MS) for the detection of methyl centralite (MC), ethyl centralite (EC) and diphenylamine (DPA) on adhesive tape GSR stubs typically used for scanning electron microscopy-energy-dispersive X-ray (SEM-EDX) analysis. The optimisation of numerous parameters was conducted using an experimental design. The results indicate that direct analysis of these organic components of GSR is possible although some limitations were also identified.This initial investigation has also indicated that subjecting stubs to DESI analysis does not interfere with subsequent SEM-EDX analysis of primer residues; therefore the technique described herein allows a comprehensive examination of GSR that would be highly probative in the event that both OGSR and IGSR are detected in the same specimen. © 2011 Elsevier Ireland Ltd.
Pagan, F, Lim, C, Keglovic, M & McNevin, D 2012, 'Comparison of DNA extraction methods for identification of human remains', Australian Journal of Forensic Sciences, vol. 44, no. 2, pp. 117-127.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
Roux, C 2012, 'A milestone for forensic science in Australasia', Australian Journal of Forensic Sciences, vol. 44, no. 3, pp. 217-218.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
Roux, C, Crispino, F & Ribaux, O 2012, 'From Forensics to Forensic Science', Current Issues in Criminal Justice, vol. 24, no. 1, pp. 7-24.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
Weyermann, C, Bucher, L, Majcherczyk, P, Mazzella, W, Roux, C & Esseiva, P 2012, 'Statistical discrimination of black gel pen inks analysed by laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry', FORENSIC SCIENCE INTERNATIONAL, vol. 217, no. 1-3, pp. 127-133.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>
Pearson correlation coefficients were applied for the objective comparison of 30 black gel pen inks analysed by laser desorption ionization mass spectrometry (LDI-MS). The mass spectra were obtained for ink lines directly on paper using positive and nega
Wood, M, Maynard, P, Spindler, X, Lennard, C & Roux, C 2012, 'Visualization of Latent Fingermarks Using an Aptamer-Based Reagent', ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION, vol. 51, no. 49, pp. 12272-12274.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
Wood, M, Maynard, P, Spindler, X, Lennard, C & Roux, C 2012, 'Visualization of Latent Fingermarks Using an Aptamer‐Based Reagent', Angewandte Chemie, vol. 124, no. 49, pp. 12438-12440.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>
Don't touch! Aptamers selected against lysozyme are transformed into aptamer-based reagents, with which latent fingermarks can be developed with high selectivity and sensitivity. The design of aptamers targeting components of latent fingermarks opens up a new range of detection methods that previously have not been explored.
Chan, JH, Lennard, CJ, Roux, CP, Shimmon, R & Stuart, BH 1970, 'Synthesis of novel anthraquinones and their application as fingermark detection reagents for porous surfaces', 21st International Symposium on the Forensic Sciences Abstracts, 21st International Symposium on the Forensic Sciences.
Chan, JH, Lennard, CJ, Roux, CP, Shimmon, R & Stuart, BH 1970, 'Synthesis of novel anthraquinones and their application as fingermark detection reagents on porous surfaces', 6th European Academy of Forensic Science Conference Abstracts, 6th European Academy of Forensic Science Conference.
Mohanty, M & Ooi, WT 1970, 'Histopathology Image Streaming', Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics), Springer Berlin Heidelberg, pp. 534-545.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>
This paper proposes an image streaming framework to stream histopathology image of a patient over a lossy network. Firstly, the large histopathology image is divided into a number of fixed size tiles to facilitate ROI-based streaming. Secondly, each tile is compressed using a variant of WebP so that the size of the compressed data is 20% to 30% less than the size of the compressed data when the same tile is compressed using JPEG. Finally, a greedy packetization scheme is proposed to pack the inter-dependent macroblocks of any compressed tile so that the client is able to decode more number of macroblocks than the naive method at any intermediate stage of streaming. © 2012 Springer-Verlag.
Mohanty, M, Atrey, P & Ooi, WT 1970, 'Secure cloud-based medical data visualization', Proceedings of the 20th ACM international conference on Multimedia, MM '12: ACM Multimedia Conference, ACM, pp. 1105-1108.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>
Outsourcing the tasks of medical data visualization to cloud centers presents new security challenges. In this paper, we propose a framework for cloud-based remote medical data visualization that protects the security of data at the cloud centers. To achieve this, we integrate the cryptographic secret sharing with pre-classification volume ray-casting and propose a secure volume ray-casting pipeline that hides the color-coded information of the secret medical data during rendering at the data centers. Results and analysis show the utility of the proposed framework. © 2012 ACM.
