Baweja, D, Roper, H & Sirivivatnanon, V 1998, 'Chloride-induced steel corrosion in concrete: Part 1 - Corrosion rates, corrosion activity, and attack areas', ACI MATERIALS JOURNAL, vol. 95, no. 3, pp. 207-217.
Bishop, DW, Thomas, PS & Ray, AS 1998, 'Raman spectra of nickel(II) sulfide', MATERIALS RESEARCH BULLETIN, vol. 33, no. 9, pp. 1303-1306.
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The phase morphology of nickel sulfide (NiS) has received attention because of the possible correlation between fracture of toughened window glass panels and the alpha-beta phase transition. The detection of NiS in situ in glass, however, has proven diff
Ha, QP 1998, 'Fuzzy sliding mode controller for power system load-frequency control', International Conference on Knowledge-Based Intelligent Electronic Systems, Proceedings, KES, vol. 1, pp. 149-154.
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The application of a robust sliding mode control method to the load frequency control problem of a single area power system is considered in this paper. The control signal consists of an equivalent control, a switching control, and a fuzzy control. The influence of not only load changes but also parameter variations and governor's backlash is considered with and without generation-rate constraints. Simulation results demonstrate that the system responses are strongly robust to load disturbances and parameter variations even in the presence of governor's backlash deadband and imposed generation physical constraints.
Khalili, N & Khabbaz, MH 1998, 'A unique relationship for χ for the determination of the shear strength of unsaturated soils', Géotechnique, vol. 48, no. 5, pp. 681-687.
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Baweja, D & Nelson, P 1970, 'Supplementary cementing materials: Their acceptance in Australian specifications', American Concrete Institute, ACI Special Publication, pp. 475-492.
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A large proportion of concrete placed in Australia contains one or more supplementary cementing materials (SCM's; either fly ash, ground granulated blast-furnace slag or silica fume). Despite this, specifications for technically advanced projects often restrict their use even though Australian research data justifying their application dates back to the early 1960's for fly ash and slag, and the early 1970's for silica fume. World-wide research on SCM's in concrete dates back even longer. It is the task of the researcher together with the technical marketer to provide effective transfer of this knowledge to the specifier. In most cases, the specifier is either a civil or structural consultant, or a design team within a major public authority or contracting firm. The specifier increasingly needs to seek up-to-date knowledge in concrete technology, a task that is ever more difficult with imposed time constraints. This study maps the processes whereby research and development data are put into practice. A three-stage process is used to investigate this. First, measurements of the technology transfer process are obtained through targeted surveys of concrete specifiers with the objective of determining their attitudes and knowledge regarding SCM's. Second, recent Australian specifications for SCM concrete comprising Standards, Codes of Practice and selected project specifications are reviewed. Third, the data generated is examined to highlight present shortcomings in the technology transfer process in Australia, specifically relating to the use of SCM's. It is concluded that many project specifications with respect to the use of SCM's in concrete can be significantly improved from the standpoint of the supplier, the specifier and the facility owner. This can be facilitated through improved technology transfer. Discussion in the paper focuses on increasing the efficiency of the process for taking research into field application.
Crews, KI & Walter, G 1970, 'Innovation and Efficiency for Timber Bridge Construction in Australia Utilising Stress Laminated 'Tee' and 'Cellular' Beam Decks', Proceedings of the Structural Engineering World Wide Congress 1998, Structural Engineering World Wide Congress 1998, Elsevier Science Ltd., San Francisco, California, USA, pp. 1-8.
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The research work in Australia is funded collaboratively by the Australian Research Council and industry, and has involved both full scale serviceability and ultimate load testing (up to 12.2m) as well as an examination and analytical investigation into fundamental behaviour of cellular and âTâ beam structural forms constructed from timber elements. Several prototype bridge decks spanning up to 12.2m have been constructed and research is currently being undertaken to extend this technology to applications with clear spans of 25 to 30m. This paper presents a general overview of the R & D programs and applications of stress laminated timber technology in Australia, with an emphasis on the implications of âbuiltâupâ technology for timber bridges. A unique case study is presented in detail for the Hopkins River Bridge at Warrnambool, Australia, reviewing the research, design and construction aspects for a âbuiltâupâ deck superstructure based on both âTee / cellularâ forms and using incremental launching techniques. The paper concludes with discussion on the economic benefit of this new construction method.
Greenland, AG, Crews, KI & Bakoss, SL 1970, 'Enhancing timber structures with advanced fibre reinforced plastic composite reinforcements', 5TH WORLD CONFERENCE ON TIMBER ENGINEERING, VOL 2, PROCEEDINGS, 5th World Conference on Timber Engineering, PRESSES POLYTECHNIQUES ET UNIVERSITAIRES ROMANDES, MONTREUX, SWITZERLAND, pp. 608-615.
Sirivivatnanon, V & Khatri, RP 1970, 'Selective use of Fly Ash concrete', American Concrete Institute, ACI Special Publication, pp. 37-57.
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Structural grade fly ash (FA) concrete and concrete with high volume of fly ash (HVFA) are well accepted and utilized in the Australian construction industry. These are concretes with fly ash (ASTM C 618 type F) making up between 10 and 50 %by weight of the total cementitious material. This paper is intended to demonstrate the importance of the selection of the appropriate amount of FA content for a range of applications. The durability performance of the FA concretes was compared with portland cement concretes of equivalent 28-day compressive strength, in terms of the resistance to carbonation, chloride penetration and sulfate attack. Some mixture design data for both FA and HVFA concretes and their mechanical properties are given. The likely optimum fly ash percentages for a range of applications are highlighted with respect to their properties and construction demands. It was found that a lower fly ash dosage would be more suitable for above-ground structures where a carbonation-related deterioration mechanism applied. However, for structures in aggressive sulfate ground condition or in marine environments, HVFA concrete was found to be much more suitable. Available field performance data have confirmed laboratory evaluated performance.