Ding, GK 1999, 'Cost benefit analysis' in Best, R & de Valence, G (eds), Building in value, Edward Arnold, New York, pp. 149-165.
Baweja, D, Roper, H & Sirivivatnanon, V 1999, 'Chloride-induced steel corrosion in concrete: part 2 - Gravimetric and electrochemical comparisons', ACI MATERIALS JOURNAL, vol. 96, no. 3, pp. 306-313.
Baweja, D, Roper, H & Sirivivatnanon, V 1999, 'Specification of concrete for marine environments: A fresh approach', ACI MATERIALS JOURNAL, vol. 96, no. 4, pp. 462-470.
Bishop, DW, Thomas, PS & Ray, AS 1999, 'alpha-beta phase re-transformation kinetics in nickel sulphide', JOURNAL OF THERMAL ANALYSIS AND CALORIMETRY, vol. 56, no. 1, pp. 429-435.
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Nickel sulphide (NiS) was characterised using X-ray diffraction, thermal gravimetric analysis (TG) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The as received Millerite, stoichiometric NiS, observed to be slightly nickel deficient, was found to readily
Bishop, DW, Thomas, PS & Ray, AS 1999, 'α-β phase re-transformation kinetics in nickel sulphide', Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry, vol. 56, no. 1, pp. 429-435.
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Nickel sulphide (NiS) was characterized using X-ray diffraction, thermal gravimetric analysis (TG) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The `as received' Millerite, stoichiometric NiS, observed to be slightly nickel deficient, was found to readily decompose in a nitrogen atmosphere at elevated temperatures (450 °C max.) to the sulphur deficient Godlevskite, Ni7S6, DSC and X-ray measurements demonstrated that the high temperature form of the Godlevskite was readily stabilized at room temperature. The kinetics of the α-β re-transformation in Godlevskite were then investigated using DSC and were observed to be first order.
Wang, J & Yan, H 1999, 'Mending broken handwriting with a macrostructure analysis method to improve recognition', Pattern Recognition Letters, vol. 20, no. 8, pp. 855-864.
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Abstract: Broken characters always create problems in handwriting recognition systems, especially those using boundary and/or skeleton information. This paper presents a macrostructure analysis (MSA) mending method based on skeleton and boundary information and an MSA that investigates the stroke tending direction and other properties of handwritings. A new skeleton end extension algorithm is introduced, which compensates the defectiveness of the skeletonization algorithm and obtains a satisfactory skeleton. When combined with suitable parameters, improved performance from a handwriting classifier is achieved. The experimental results from over 13000 numerals show the efficiency and robustness of the proposed method, raising recognition rates by over 10% for broken handwritten digits, from 74.8% to 86.4%.
Wu, C, Hao, H & Zhou, Y 1999, 'Fuzzy-random probabilistic analysis of rock mass responses to explosive loads', Computers and Geotechnics, vol. 25, no. 4, pp. 205-225.
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Wu, C, Hao, H, Ma, G & Zhou, Y 1999, 'Dynamic response analysis of rock mass with stochastic properties subjected to explosive loads', Fragblast, vol. 3, no. 2, pp. 137-153.
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This paper carries out probabilistic analysis of dynamic responses of rock mass under blast loads. Statistical analysis of the initial damage and strength constants of the rock mass is performed by using both the field and laboratory test data. The initial damage of the rock mass is found having the beta distribution, while the critical tensile strain has the normal distribution. These statistical properties are incorporated into the constitutive law and cumulative damage model for rock mass. The statistical estimation of stress wave propagation in the rock mass due to underground explosion is evaluated by Rosenblueth's point estimate method. In numerical calculation, an isotropic continuum damage model considering both the initial damage and the cumulative damage dependent on an equivalent tensile strain is suggested to model rock mass behaviour under blast loads. The suggested models are programmed and linked to an available computer program Autodyn2D through its user's subroutine capability. Using Autodyn2D and the suggested models, stress wave propagation in rock mass with random initial damage induced by underground explosions is simulated. Numerical results of damaged area, peak particle velocity and acceleration attenuation as well as acceleration time histories in the rock mass are compared with those from independent field tests. The effects of statistical variations of initial damage and critical tensile strain of the rock mass on its dynamic responses are also discussed.
Brennan, J 1970, 'Spatial Universals as the Human Spatial Notion', Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics), Springer Berlin Heidelberg, pp. 90-96.
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© Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 1999. Peirce (CP 2.753) suggests that humans possess an inherited notion of space, which amongst other notions allows them to adapt to the environment. This paper discusses a conceptual graph approach to defining such spatial notions (i.e. spatial universals) as a finite set of canonical graphs and suggests its use to derive a potentially infinite number of canonical graphs. Our approach is illustrated by a bilingual example.
Ding, GK 1970, 'MCDM and the assessment of sustainability in construction', The challenge of change: Construction and building for the new millennium, RICS conference, The Royal Institution of Chartered Surveyors, University of Salford, pp. 206-216.
Greenland, AG, Bakoss, SL & Crews, KI 1970, 'Enhancing the performance of laminated veneer lumber beams with carbon fibre reinforcement', MECHANICS OF STRUCTURES AND MATERIALS, 16th Australasian Conference on the Mechanics of Structure and Materials, A A BALKEMA PUBLISHERS, SYDNEY, AUSTRALIA, pp. 373-381.
Khalili, N & Khabbaz, MH 1970, 'Application of effective stress concept to unsaturated soils', Consolidating knowledge. Proceedings of the 8th Australia New Zealand conference on geomechanics, Hobart, February 1999., pp. 849-854.
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The application of the effective stress concept to unsaturated soils is critically reviewed. The validity and the appropriateness of the relationship proposed by Khalili and Khabbaz (1996, 1998) for the determination of the effective stress parameter χ are examined using both shear strength and volumetric change data. Extremely good agreement is obtained between the measured and predicted values in all cases. It is shown that quantitative predictions of shear strength and deformation in unsaturated soils can be made using the effective stress concept. The model parameters will be exactly the same as those used in saturated soils, except for a single parameter which can be determined in any soil physics laboratory. This is in contrast to the current models of unsaturated soils, which require extensive laboratory testing.
Sirivivatnanon, V & Cao, HT 1970, 'An engineered model for service life of marine concrete structures', DURABILITY OF BUILDING MATERIALS AND COMPONENTS 8, VOLS 1-4, PROCEEDINGS, 8th International Conference on Durability of Building Materials and Components (8dbmc), NATL RESEARCH COUNCIL CANADA, VANCOUVER, CANADA, pp. 94-103.
