Andric, G, Boas, JF, Bond, AM, Fallon, GD, Ghiggino, KP, Hogan, CF, Hutchison, JA, Lee, MA-P, Langford, SJ, Pilbrow, JR, Troup, GJ & Woodward, CP 2004, 'Spectroscopy of Naphthalene Diimides and Their Anion Radicals', Australian Journal of Chemistry, vol. 57, no. 10, pp. 1011-1011.
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Naphthalene diimides 1–4 having different N,N-disubstitution undergo single electron reduction processes either chemically or electrochemically to yield the corresponding radical anion in high yield. This study concentrates on 1, bearing pentyl side chains connected through the diimide nitrogens, and compares the results obtained against those bearing isopropyl, propargyl, and phenylalanyl side chains. Compound 1 exhibits mirror image absorption and fluorescence in the near-UV region in CH2Cl2 and dimethylformamide that is typical of monomeric N,N-dialkyl-substituted naphthalene diimides. In toluene, excimer-like emission is observed, which suggests ground-state complexes involving 1 are formed. X-Ray crystallography has been used to characterize 1 in the solid state. Cyclic voltammetry enables the reversible potentials for [NDI]0/– and [NDI]−/2– type processes to be measured. Bulk one-electron reduction of 1–4 is characterized by dramatic changes in the absorption and emission spectra. Additionally, highly structured EPR (electron paramagnetic resonance) signals from dimethylformamide solutions of the radical anions of 1–3 have been obtained and are consistent with coupling between the unpaired electron and the naphthalene diimide nitrogens and hydrogens and the NCH hydrogens of the appropriate side chains. The overall structure of the EPR spectrum is substituent-dependent. These changes in spectroscopic output upon an electronic input may be described as a simple ‘on/off’ switching mechanism with which to apply a ‘bottom-up’ approach to molecular device manufacture.
Bewlay, SL, Konstantinov, K, Wang, GX, Dou, SX & Liu, HK 2004, 'Conductivity improvements to spray-produced LiFePO4 by addition of a carbon source', Materials Letters, vol. 58, no. 11, pp. 1788-1791.
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Biggs, T, Cornish, LA, Witcomb, MJ & Cortie, MB 2004, 'Revised phase diagram for the Pt-Ti system from 30 to 60 at.% platinum', JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS, vol. 375, no. 1-2, pp. 120-127.
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Chen, Y, Wang, GX, Tian, JP, Konstantinov, K & Liu, HK 2004, 'Preparation and properties of spherical LiNi0.75Co0.25O2 as a cathode for lithium-ion batteries', Electrochimica Acta, vol. 50, no. 2-3, pp. 435-441.
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Coleman, VA, Tan, HH, Jagadish, C, Kucheyev, SO, Phillips, MR & Zou, J 2004, 'Towards p-type doping of ZnO by ion implantation', MRS Proceedings, vol. 829.
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ABSTRACTZinc oxide is a very attractive material for a range of optoelectronic devices including blue light-emitting diodes and laser diodes. Though n-type doping has been successfully achieved, p-type doing of ZnO is still a challenge that must be overcome before p-n junction devices can be realized. Ion implantation is widely used in the microelectronics industry for selective area doping and device isolation. Understanding damage accumulation and recrystallization processes is important for achieving selective area doping. In this study, As (potential p-type dopant) ion implantation and annealing studies were carried out. ZnO samples were implanted with high dose (1.4 × 1017 ions/cm2) 300 keV As ions at room temperature. Furnace annealing of samples in the range of 900°C to 1200°C was employed to achieve recrystallization of amorphous layers and electrical activation of the dopant. Rutherford backscattering/channeling spectrometry, transmission electron microscopy and cathodolumiescence spectroscopy were used to monitor damage accumulation and annihilation behavior in ZnO. Results of this study have significant implications for p-type doing of ZnO by ion implantation.
Cortie, MB 2004, 'The weird world of nanoscale gold', GOLD BULLETIN, vol. 37, no. 1-2, pp. 12-19.
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Cortie, MB 2004, 'The weird world of nanoscale gold', Gold Bulletin, vol. 37, no. 1-2, pp. 12-19.
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de Bod, H, Williams, DBG, Roodt, A & Muller, A 2004, '(N,N-Diethylamino)(2-hydroxyphenyl)phenylphosphine oxide', Acta Crystallographica Section E Structure Reports Online, vol. 60, no. 7, pp. o1241-o1243.
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Ekanayake, SR, Cortie, MB & Ford, MJ 2004, 'Design of nanocapacitors and associated materials challenges', CURRENT APPLIED PHYSICS, vol. 4, no. 2-4, pp. 250-254.
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The International Technology Roadmap for Semiconductors (ITRS) projects that the spatial resolution of feature sizes in integrated circuits is rapidly approaching nanoscopic dimensions. Consequently, there is an active interest in the design of nanoscale circuit elements such as transistors, resistors, and capacitors. The properties of materials used to fabricate capacitors pose an important design factor, as with all circuit elements. We analyze the critical materials properties that would influence engineering nanocapacitors (nanoscopic capacitors), and show that at nanoscale, dielectric properties (dielectric constant, dielectric strength, and dielectric relaxation) determine the practicality of such capacitors. © 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Ekanayake, SR, Ford, M & Cortie, M 2004, 'Metal-insulator-metal (MIM) nanocapacitors and effects of material properties on their operation', Materials Forum, vol. 27, pp. 15-20.
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Metal-insulator-metal (MIM) capacitors play an important part in many integrated electronic circuits in the areas of analog, microwave, and radio frequency systems. However the transverse dimensions of current MIM capacitors are in the micrometer scale. If integrated circuits continue to be miniaturized, the capacitor, alongside other components, must also be miniaturized to realize nanoelectronic circuits and systems. This article presents a novel device, the nanocapacitor, of which the dimensions are constrained to nanoscale in longitudinal and transverse directions, and discusses the effects of material properties on their operation. In particular, this work discusses the effects of dielectric constant, dielectric strength, and quantum electrical phenomena on achieving relatively high capacitances and capacitance densities in nanocapacitors. © Institute of Materials Engineering Australasia Ltd - Materials Forum Volume 27 - Published 2004.
Fallon, GD, Langford, SJ & Lee, MA-P 2004, 'N,N′-Bis(2-carboxyethyl)-1,4,5,8-naphthalenetetracarboxylic diimine dimethylformamide disolvate', Acta Crystallographica Section E Structure Reports Online, vol. 60, no. 4, pp. o542-o543.
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Fallon, GD, Lee, MA-P, Langford, SJ & Nichols, PJ 2004, 'Unusual Solid-State Behavior in a Neutral [2]Catenane Bearing a Hydrolyzable Component', Organic Letters, vol. 6, no. 5, pp. 655-658.
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Ford, M & Cortie, MB 2004, 'Nanotechnology, nanoscience and nanohype', Chemistry in Australia, vol. 73, no. 3, p. 2.
Gelhausen, O, Malguth, E, Phillips, MR, Goldys, EM, Strassburg, M, Hoffmann, A, Graf, T, Gjukic, M & Stutzmann, M 2004, 'Doping-level-dependent optical properties of GaN : Mn', APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS, vol. 84, no. 22, pp. 4514-4516.
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Cathodoluminescence (CL) and optical transmission spectroscopy were used to study the optical properties of molecular-beam-epitaxy (MBE) grown GaN with different doping levels. The 1-μm-thick samples were grown by plasma-induced MBE on c-plane Al 2O 3 substrate. The absorption measurements were performed at 2 K with a 250 W tungsten-halogen lamp. The CL measurements showed that Mn-doping concentrations around 10 20 cm -3 reduced the near band edge emission intensity by around one order of magnitude.
Gelhausen, O, Phillips, MR, Goldys, EM, Paskova, T, Monemar, B, Strassburg, M & Hoffmann, A 2004, 'Dissociation of H-related defect complexes in Mg-doped GaN', PHYSICAL REVIEW B, vol. 69, no. 12, pp. 1-9.
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Post-growth annealing and electron beam irradiation during cathodoluminescence were used to determine the chemical origin of the main optical emission lines in moderately and heavily Mg-doped GaN. The 3.27 eV donor-acceptor pair (DAP) emission line that dominates the emission spectrum in moderately Mg-doped (p-type) GaN was found to be strongly reduced by electron irradiation and of different chemical origin than the DAP at a similar energetic position in Si-doped (n-type) GaN. These results suggest that the acceptor responsible for the 3.27 eV DAP emission in Mg-doped GaN is Mg and that the donor (2030 meV) is hydrogen-related, possibly a (VN-H) complex. This complex is dissociated either by electron irradiation or thermal annealing in N2 or O2 atmosphere. We found that upon electron irradiation, a deeper emission line (centered at 3.14 eV) emerged, which was assigned to a DAP consisting of the same Mg acceptor level and a deeper donor (100200 meV) with a similar capture cross section as the donor in the 3.27 eV emission. Moreover, two different deep donor levels at 350±30 and 440±40 meV were identified as being responsible for the blue band (2.83.0 eV) in heavily Mg-doped GaN. The donor level at 350±30 meV was strongly affected by electron irradiation and attributed to a H-related defect.
Gelhausen, O, Phillips, MR, Goldys, EM, Paskova, T, Monemar, B, Strassburg, M & Hoffmann, A 2004, 'Dissociation of H-related defect complexes in Mg-doped GaN', Physical Review B - Condensed Matter and Materials Physics, vol. 69, no. 12.
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Post-growth annealing and electron beam irradiation during cathodoluminescence were used to determine the chemical origin of the main optical emission lines in moderately and heavily Mg-doped GaN. The 3.27 eV donor-acceptor pair (DAP) emission line that dominates the emission spectrum in moderately Mg-doped (p-type) GaN was found to be strongly reduced by electron irradiation and of different chemical origin than the DAP at a similar energetic position in Si-doped (n-type) GaN. These results suggest that the acceptor responsible for the 3.27 eV DAP emission in Mg-doped GaN is Mg and that the donor (20-30 meV) is hydrogen-related, possibly a (VN − H) complex. This complex is dissociated either by electron irradiation or thermal annealing in N2 or O2 atmosphere. We found that upon electron irradiation, a deeper emission line (centered at 3.14 eV) emerged, which was assigned to a DAP consisting of the same Mg acceptor level and a deeper donor (100-200 meV) with a similar capture cross section as the donor in the 3.27 eV emission. Moreover, two different deep donor levels at 350 ± 30 and 440 ± 40 meV were identified as being responsible for the blue band (2.8-3.0 eV) in heavily Mg-doped GaN. The donor level at 350 ± 30 meV was strongly affected by electron irradiation and attributed to a H-related defect. © 2004 The American Physical Society.
Ghiggino, KP, Hutchison, JA, Langford, SJ, Lee, MA-P, Lowenstern, PR & Yann, T 2004, 'Modulating Electron Transfer in a Simple Bichromophoric System Employing Axial-Ligation as an Organising Precept', Journal of Inclusion Phenomena, vol. 49, no. 1/2, pp. 27-32.
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Godlewski, M, Goldys, EM, Phillips, MR, B�ttcher, T, Figge, S, Hommel, D, Czernecki, R, Prystawko, P, Leszczynski, M, Perlin, P, Grzegory, I & Porowski, S 2004, 'In-depth and in-plane profiling of light emission properties of InGaN-based laser diode', physica status solidi (a), vol. 201, no. 2, pp. 207-211.
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We employ cathodoluminescence (CL) technique for evaluation of in-depth and in-plane instabilities of light emission in laser diode structure. We study light emission properties from laser structure and their relation to microstructure details. Large in-plane instabilities of light emission are also present for excitation densities, larger than the threshold densities for the stimulated emission, i.e., potential fluctuations are not fully screened in the active region of the laser even at large excitation densities. © 2004 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.
Godlewski, M, Lusakowska, E, Bozek, R, Goldys, EM, Phillips, MR, Bottcher, T, Figge, S & Hommel, D 2004, 'Cathodoluminescence and atomic force microscopy study of n-type doped GaN epilayers', PHYSICA STATUS SOLIDI A-APPLIED RESEARCH, vol. 201, no. 2, pp. 212-215.
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We evaluate influence of n-type doping and of the doping level on structural and optical quality of GaN epilayers. We confirm reported previously strong enhancement of light emission from Si doped samples and discuss possible mechanisms of this enhancement. Kelvin probe measurements indicate smoothing of potential fluctuations in the doped layers. © 2004 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.
Godlewski, M, Lusakowska, E, Goldys, EM, Phillips, MR, Bottcher, T, Figge, S, Hommel, D, Prystawko, P, Leszcynski, M, Grzegory, I & Porowski, S 2004, 'Diffusion length of carriers and excitons in GaN-influence of epilayer microstructure', APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE, vol. 223, no. 4, pp. 294-302.
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We demonstrate a correlation between the microsturcture of epilayers and the diffusion length of free carriers and excitons in heteroepitaxial and homeopitaxial GaN films. We show that the diffusion length is shorter than predicted for a given density of dislocations. With improving strutucal quality of the films and lower dislocation density the diffusion lengths of free carriers and excitons increase, which, in turn, increases the rate of nonradiative recombination at dislocations. This process may explain a surprisingly small change of light emission efficiency observed for GaN epilayers with varying densities of dislocations.
Godlewski, M, Szmidt, J, Olszyna, A, Werbowy, A, Lusakowska, E, Phillips, MR, Goldys, EM & Sokolowska, A 2004, 'Luminescent properties of wide bandgap materials at room temperature', E-MRS 2003 FALL MEETING, SYMPOSIA A AND C, PROCEEDINGS, vol. 1, no. 2, pp. 213-218.
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Properties of nanocrystalline thin films of selected nitrides are discussed as possible buffer materials for obtaining freestanding GaN wafers. These films are grown by impulse plasma deposition on silicon substrates. We demonstrate high smoothness of these films. © 2004 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.
Godlewski, M, Yatsunenko, S, Khachapuridze, A, Ivanov, VY, Golacki, Z, Karczewski, G, Bergman, PJ, Klar, P, Heimbrodt, W & Phillips, MR 2004, 'Mechanism of intra-shell recombination of transition metal and rare earth ions in nanostructures of II-VI compounds', JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS, vol. 380, no. 1-2, pp. 45-49.
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Based on the results of optically detected magnetic resonance (ODMR) and time-resolved investigations we relate the observed lifetime shortening of intra-shell Mn2+ emission to spin dependent magnetic interactions between localized spins of Mn2+ ions and spins/magnetic moments of free carriers. We show that this mechanism is active both in bulk and in low dimensional structures, such as quantum wells (QWs), quantum dots (QDs) and nanostructures. © 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Guo, YG, Zhu, JG, Zhong, JJ, Watterson, PA & Wu, W 2004, 'An improved method for predicting magnetic power losses in SMC electrical machines', INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF APPLIED ELECTROMAGNETICS AND MECHANICS, vol. 19, no. 1-4, pp. 75-78.
Guziewicz, E, Godlewski, M, Kopalko, K, Łusakowska, E, Dynowska, E, Guziewicz, M, Godlewski, MM & Phillips, M 2004, 'Atomic layer deposition of thin films of ZnSe—structural and optical characterization', Thin Solid Films, vol. 446, no. 2, pp. 172-177.
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Thin films of sphalerite-type ZnSe were grown by atomic layer deposition (ALD) from elemental Zn and Se precursors. These films, grown on various substrates, show bright blue 'edge' emission accompanied by donor-acceptor pair emissions in the blue, green and red spectral regions. Red, green and blue emissions mixed together give a white color, with a color temperature between 2400 and 4500 K depending on a layer thickness and temperature. ZnSe grown by ALD is in consequence a promising material for the fabrication of semiconductor-based white light emitting thin film electroluminescence displays. © 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Huang, Z, Sun, X, Xiu, Z, Chen, S & Tsai, C-T 2004, 'Precipitation synthesis and sintering of yttria nanopowders', Materials Letters, vol. 58, no. 15, pp. 2137-2142.
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Iacopi, F, Laknin, M, Mulloy, A, den Toonder, JMJ, Vanhaeren, D & Brongersma, SH 2004, 'On factors affecting the extraction of elastic modulus by nanoindentation of organic polymer films', MRS Proceedings, vol. 841.
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ABSTRACTA detailed study of nanoindentation in Continuous Stiffness Mode (CSM) on a family of aromatic thermosetting polymers is carried out to identify the causes for the large variability in the extracted values of the elastic modulus of organic polymer films.It is shown that the variation of parameters determining the dynamics of the force application such as the CSM frequency, the actual strain or load rate, and the duration of the waiting time segments can lead up to 20% difference in the estimated elastic modulus. The reason for this is related to creep, more specifically to viscoelastic behaviour, typical of organic films. On the other hand, pile-up is shown to have a negligible effect on the extraction of the elastic modulus from indentation depths below 50% of the film thickness, even for films with hardness as low as 0.13GPa. It is also concluded that neither pile-up nor creep phenomena can account for the overestimation of the elastic modulus with nanoindentation as compared to the values extracted with the surface acoustic waves technique.
Iacopi, F, Stucchi, M, Richard, O & Maex, K 2004, 'Electrical equivalent sidewall damage in patterned low-k dielectrics', ELECTROCHEMICAL AND SOLID STATE LETTERS, vol. 7, no. 4, pp. G79-G82.
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Kopalko, K, Godlewski, M, Guziewicz, E, Lusakowska, E, Paszkowicz, W, Domagala, J, Dynowska, E, Szczerbakow, A, Wojcik, A & Phillips, MR 2004, 'Monocrystalline thin films of ZnSe and ZnO grown by atomic layer epitaxy', VACUUM, vol. 74, no. 2, pp. 269-272.
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We report on the growth of monocrystalline thin films of ZnSe and ZnO by atomic layer epitaxy by simple reaction between elemental precursors. Structural and optical properties of these films are discussed with reference to the investigations performed with atomic force microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, cathodoluminescence and photoluminescence. © 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Kopalko, K, Godlewski, M, Lusakowska, E, Paszkowicz, W, Domagala, JZ, Szczerbakow, A, Ivanov, VY, Godlewski, MM & Phillips, MR 2004, 'Monocrystalline ZnO films grown by atomic layer epitaxy - growth and characterization', 11TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON II-VI COMPOUNDS (II-VI 2003), PROCEEDINGS, vol. 1, no. 4, pp. 892-895.
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We report successful growth of thin films ZnO by atomic layer epitaxy (ALE). Properties of the ZnO films grown by ALE on GaN/sapphire are described in relation to those grown by the same sequential procedure on uncoated sapphire and glass substrates.
Langford, SJ & Lau, V-L 2004, 'A Three Component Metalloporphyrin Assembly', Australian Journal of Chemistry, vol. 57, no. 1, pp. 29-29.
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A novel dialkylammonium salt 1 · PF6, bearing a pyridyl group, has been employed as a structural motif for the efficient one-pot self-assembly of a three-component system comprising dibenzo-[24]crown-8, 1 · PF6, and zinc(II) 5,10,15,20-tetraphenylporphyrin. The resulting metalloporphyrin assembly has been characterized in solution by 1H NMR spectroscopy and ESIMS and serves as a model to more elaborate multichromophoric systems.
Langford, SJ & Woodward, CP 2004, 'Six-Sided Heptaporphyrin Array: Towards a Nano-Sized Cube', Collection of Czechoslovak Chemical Communications, vol. 69, no. 5, pp. 996-1008.
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A strategy in preparing a family of hexameric porphyrin cubes based on the interplay of Sn(IV)-O and Ru(II)-N interactions is described. In this first iteration, we have prepared the heptamer [SnIV(TPyP)·(4)2][Ru(CO)(TPP)]6 (4 = (E)-(3-(4-pyridyl)acrylate)) constituting a 5,10,15,20-tetra(4-pyridyl)porphyrin (TPyP) core and 5,10,15,20-tetraphenylporphyrin (TPP) faces and compared its formation by stepwise and 'one-pot' strategies where up to nine components are assembled in a single step in a regiospecific manner. In one example, the heptamer is formed around the template [SnIV(TPyP)·(4)2] bearing pyridine groups in which the nitrogens radiate octahedrally along each vertex. The ability to modulate the axial vertex through choice of pyridine is also demonstrated. 1H NMR measurements on [SnIV(TPyP)·(4)2][Ru(CO)(TPP)]6 indicate that the protons on the core template are extremely shielded as a result of the anisotropy of the peripheral porphyrin units. Various NMR techniques, including NOESY experiments, have been used to characterise the heptamer in solution.
Lin, ZW & Zhu, JG 2004, 'Vortex penetration in shunted type II superconducting strips', Superconductor Science and Technology, vol. 17, no. 9, pp. S557-S562.
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To investigate the magnetic properties of electrical contact between the superconducting filaments in a multifilament tape, this paper studies the vortex motion across a simpler planar model of the tape, namely an array of superconducting film strips with shorted ends, a 'shunted-x-array'. The vortex motion visualized by magneto-optical imaging is discussed when external currents, magnetic fields, and both simultaneously are applied. When transport current alone is applied, the flux distribution in the shunted-x-array strips is very similar to that in a single strip. However, the behaviour is completely different in the presence of an external magnetic field. The induced current flows around the entire sample to shield the inner region, while the vortices penetrate first into the outermost strips, and then into the next strips in turn as the field increases. For this case, the flux distribution is symmetrical about the central vertical line of the sample. When current and field are simultaneously applied, the vortex penetration into the sample is no longer symmetrical because the resultant current is not a simple linear superposition of the induced and applied currents.
Liu, H, Wu, YP, Rahm, E, Holze, R & Wu, HQ 2004, 'Cathode materials for lithium ion batteries prepared by sol-gel methods', JOURNAL OF SOLID STATE ELECTROCHEMISTRY, vol. 8, no. 7, pp. 450-466.
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Improving the preparation technology and electrochemical performance of cathode materials for lithium ion batteries is a current major focus of research and development in the areas of materials, power sources and chemistry. Sol-gel methods are promising candidates to prepare cathode materials owing to their evident advantages over traditional methods. In this paper, the latest progress on the preparation of cathode materials such as lithium cobalt oxides, lithium nickel oxides, lithium manganese oxides, vanadium oxides and other compounds by sol-gel methods is reviewed, and further directions are pointed out. The prepared products provide better electrochemical performance, including reversible capacity, cycling behavior and rate capability in comparison with those from traditional solid-state reactions. The main reasons are due to the following several factors: homogeneous mixing at the atomic or molecular level, lower synthesis temperature, shorter heating time, better crystallinity, uniform particle distribution and smaller particle size at the nanometer level. As a result, the structural stability of the cathode materials and lithium intercalation and deintercalation behavior are much improved. These methods can also be used to prepare novel types of cathode materials such as nanowires of LiCoO 2 and nanotubes of V 2O 5, which cannot be easily obtained by traditional methods. With further development and application of sol-gel methods, better and new cathode materials will become available and the advance of lithium ion batteries will be greatly promoted.
Maclurcan, D, Ford, M & Cortie, M 2004, 'Rectifying nanotechnology confusion and redirecting focus', Physicist, vol. 41, no. 3, pp. 84-85.
Maclurcan, D, Ford, M & Cortie, MB 2004, 'The confusion surrounding nanotechnology', Materials Australia, vol. 37, no. 2, pp. 24-25.
Mungkornasawakul, P, Pyne, SG, Jatisatienr, A, Lie, W, Ung, AT, Issakul, K, Sawatwanich, A, Supyen, D & Jatisatienr, C 2004, 'Phytochemical studies on Stemona burkillii prain: Two new dihydrostemofoline alkaloids', Journal of Natural Products, vol. 67, no. 10, pp. 1740-1743.
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Two new dihydrostemofoline alkaloids, 11(S),12(R)-dihydrostemofoline (3) and stemoburkilline (4), along with stemofoline (1) and 2′- hydroxystemofoline (2) have been isolated from a root extract of Stemona burkillii Prain. The structure and relative configuration of 3 have been determined via spectroscopic data and from comparison with synthetic 11(S),12(S)-dihydrostemofoline (5). The configuration of the exo-cyclic alkene group in 4 is tentively assigned as E on the basis of mechanistic considerations.
Mungkornasawakul, P, Pyne, SG, Jatisatienr, A, Lie, W, Ung, AT, Issakul, K, Sawatwanich, A, Supyen, D & Jatisatienr, C 2004, 'Phytochemical studies on Stemona burkillii Prain: Two new dihydrostemofoline alkaloids', JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS, vol. 67, no. 10, pp. 1740-1743.
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Two new dihydrostemofoline alkaloids, 11(S),12(R)-dihydrostemofoline (3) and stemoburkilline (4), along with stemofoline (1) and 2'-hydroxystemofoline (2) have been isolated from a root extract of Stemona burkillii Prain. The structure and relative configuration of 3 have been determined via spectroscopic data and from comparison with synthetic 11(S),12(S)-dihydrostemofoline (5). The configuration of the exo-cyclic alkene group in 4 is tentively assigned as E on the basis of mechanistic considerations.
Mungkornasawakul, P, Pyne, SG, Jatisatienr, A, Supyen, D, Jatisatienr, C, Lie, W, Ung, AT, Skelton, BW & White, AH 2004, 'Phytochemical and larvicidal studies on Stemona curtisii: Structure of a new pyrido[1,2-alpha]azepine Stemona alkaloid', JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS, vol. 67, no. 4, pp. 675-677.
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A new pentacyclic Stemona alkaloid, stemocurtisinol (3), with a pyrido[1,2-a]azepine A,B-ring system, and the known pyrrolo[1,2-a]azepine alkaloid oxyprotostemonine (4) have been isolated from a root extract of S. curtisii. The structure and relative stereochemistry of stemocurtisinol was determined by spectral data interpretation and X-ray crystallography. This compound is a diastereoisomer of oxystemokerrin and has the opposite configuration at C-4 and C-19. The individual alkaloid components showed significant larvicidal activity (IC50 4-39 ppm) on mosquito larvae (Anopheles minimus HO).
Phillips, MR, Gelhausen, O & Goldys, EM 2004, 'Cathodoluminescence properties of zinc oxide nanoparticles', PHYSICA STATUS SOLIDI A-APPLIED RESEARCH, vol. 201, no. 2, pp. 229-234.
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Zinc oxide nano-particles (25 nm) have been investigated by cathodoluminescence spectroscopy (300 nm-1700 nm) at 80 K and 300 K following thermal annealing in high purity H2/N2, N2, O2 and Ar gaseous atmospheres. The intensity of the ZnO near band edge peak was significantly increased after heat treatment in hydrogen. Conversely, thermal annealing in the other gas types decreased this emission. This effect is attributed to hydrogen passivation of competitive non-radiative defect centers, most likely bulk zinc vacancy centers. The appearance of a strong green emission centered at 2.4 eV following thermal annealing in all gas atmospheres is ascribed to the formation of bulk oxygen vacancy defects. A strong red shift of the near band edge emission with increasing beam current at 300 K is accredited to electron beam heating rather than to an increase in the carrier density. Electron beam heating is evidenced by the occurrence of a strong black body emission in the near infrared spectral region. © 2004 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.
Phillips, MR, Zareie, MH, Gelhausen, O, Drago, M, Schmidtling, T & Richter, W 2004, 'Scanning tunneling and cathodoluminescence spectroscopy of indium nitride', JOURNAL OF CRYSTAL GROWTH, vol. 269, no. 1, pp. 106-110.
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Indium nitride epilayers grown by metalorganic vapor-phase epitaxy have been studied by cathodoluminescence (CL) spectroscopy, scanning tunneling microscopy and scanning tunneling spectroscopy (STS). A broad CL emission peak centered at 0.8eV was observed at 80K. This peak was attributed to an excitonic radiative recombination mechanism as its emission intensity exhibited a super-linear dependence on beam current with a power-law exponent of m=2. A large spatial variation in the CL emission intensity was ascribed to the presence of threading dislocations, which act as non-radiative recombination centers. A surface band gap of ∼1.4eV was estimated from STS I-V curves. © 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Pretorius, M, Williams, DBG, Roodt, A & Muller, A 2004, '[2-(Anilinomethyl)phenyl]diphenylphosphine and {2-[(N-methylanilino)methyl]phenyl}diphenylphosphine', Acta Crystallographica Section C Crystal Structure Communications, vol. 60, no. 6, pp. o384-o386.
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Pretorius, M, Williams, DBG, Roodt, A & Muller, A 2004, 'Dichloro({N-[2-(diphenylphosphino-κP)benzyl]benzylamino}diphenylphosphine-κP)palladium(II) toluene solvate', Acta Crystallographica Section E Structure Reports Online, vol. 60, no. 10, pp. m1439-m1441.
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Rembach, A, Turner, BJ, Bruce, S, Cheah, IK, Scott, RL, Lopes, EC, Zagami, CJ, Beart, PM, Cheung, NS, Langford, SJ & Cheema, SS 2004, 'Antisense peptide nucleic acid targeting GluR3 delays disease onset and progression in the SOD1 G93A mouse model of familial ALS', Journal of Neuroscience Research, vol. 77, no. 4, pp. 573-582.
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AbstractGlutamate excitotoxicity is strongly implicated as a major contributing factor in motor neuron degeneration in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Excitotoxicity results from elevated intracellular calcium ion (Ca2+) levels, which in turn recruit cell death signaling pathways. Recent evidence suggests that α‐amino‐3‐hydroxy‐5‐methyl‐4‐isoxazole propionic acid (AMPA) receptor subunit (GluR) stoichiometry is a dominant factor leading to excess Ca2+ loading in neurodegeneration. In particular, the Ca2+ permeable glutamate receptor subunit 3 (GluR3) has been implicated in several neurologic conditions such as bipolar disorder and epilepsy. Recent proteomic analysis within our group on the copper zinc superoxide dismutase (SOD1)G93A transgenic mouse model of familial ALS (FALS) reveals a potentially deleterious upregulation of GluR3 in spinal cord compared to that in wild‐type littermates. Based on this finding we designed a 12mer antisense peptide nucleic acid (PNA) directed against GluR3. This sequence significantly reduced levels of GluR3 protein and protected neuroblastoma × spinal cord (NSC‐34) cells against death induced by the AMPA receptor‐specific agonist (S)‐5‐fluorowillardiine. We subsequently treated SOD1G93A mice thrice weekly with intraperitoneal injections of the antisense PNA (2.5 mg/kg) commencing at postnatal day 50. Mice treated with the antisense sequence had significantly extended survival compared to mice injected with a nonsense sequence. Western blot analysis, however, did not reveal a significant reduction in GluR3 protein levels in whole extracts of the lumbar spinal cord. These results suggest that interference with the GluR3 component of the AMPA receptor assembly may be a novel strategy for controlling excitotoxic destruction of motor neurons and may lead to ...
Shamiryan, D, Abell, T, Iacopi, F & Maex, K 2004, 'Low-k dielectric materials', Materials Today, vol. 7, no. 1, pp. 34-39.
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The integration of low dielectric constant (k) materials in microelectronic circuits was discussed. The various ways to reduce the dielectric constant of materials were also discussed. The studies show that the dielectric constant of materials can be reduced by selecting chemical bonds with low polarizability and by introducing porosity. The thermal, chemical, physical and mechanical stability requirements, as well as the reliability criteria that must be met by low-k materials, for their application in microelectronic circuits, were also discussed.
Shamiryan, D, Abell, T, Iacopi, F & Maex, K 2004, 'Low-k dielectric materials', MATERIALS TODAY, vol. 7, no. 1, pp. 34-39.
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Soule de Bas, B, Ford, MJ & Cortie, MB 2004, 'Low energy structures of gold nanoclusters in the size range 3-38 atoms', JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR STRUCTURE-THEOCHEM, vol. 686, no. 1-3, pp. 193-205.
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Using a combination of first principles calculations and empirical potentials we have undertaken a systematic study of the low energy structures of gold nanoclusters containing from 3 to 38 atoms. A Lennard-Jones and many-body potential have been used in the empirical calculations, while the first principles calculations employ an atomic orbital, density functional technique. For the smaller clusters (n=3-5) the potential energy surface has been mapped at the ab initio level and for larger clusters an empirical potential was first used to identify low energy candidates which were then optimised with full ab initio calculations. At the DFT-LDA level, planar structures persist up to six atoms and are considerably more stable than the cage structures by more than 0.1 eV/atom. The difference in ab initio energy between the most stable planar and cage structures for seven atoms is only 0.04 eV/atom. For larger clusters there are generally a number of minima in the potential energy surface lying very close in energy. Furthermore our calculations do not predict ordered structures for the magic numbers n=13 and 38. They do predict the ordered tetrahedral structure for n=20. The results of the calculations show that gold nanoclusters in this size range are mainly disordered and will likely exist in a range of structures at room temperature. © 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Strassburg, M, Rodina, A, Dworzak, M, Haboeck, U, Krestnikov, IL, Hoffmann, A, Gelhausen, O, Phillips, MR, Alves, HR, Zeuner, A, Hofmann, DM & Meyer, BK 2004, 'Identification of bound exciton complexes in ZnO', PHYSICA STATUS SOLIDI B-BASIC RESEARCH, vol. 241, no. 3, pp. 607-611.
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An identification of shallow bound exciton centers in ZnO is presented based on magneto-optical measurements and diffusion experiments. The thermalization behavior of the Zeeman split components confirms that the I 4, I6, I8 and I9 exciton lines stem from donor bound exciton complexes. The results are supported by theoretical analysis of shallow bound exciton complexes revealing the Γ7 symmetry of the upper valence band. The presence of two-electron satellites related to the respective transitions is further evidence for the donor bound complexes and enabled the determination of donor binding energies. Hydrogen, aluminum, gallium and indium were identified to origin the I4, I 6, I8 and I9 lines by doping, diffusion and annealing experiments combined with photoluminescence and secondary ion mass spectrometry. © 2004 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.
Wang, GX, Bewlay, SL, Konstantinov, K, Liu, HK, Dou, SX & Ahn, J-H 2004, 'Physical and electrochemical properties of doped lithium iron phosphate electrodes', Electrochimica Acta, vol. 50, no. 2-3, pp. 443-447.
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Wang, J, Wang, GX, Chen, Y, Wang, CY & Liu, HK 2004, 'A novel cureless pure lead oxide plate for valve-regulated lead-acid batteries', Journal of Applied Electrochemistry, vol. 34, no. 11, pp. 1127-1133.
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Williams, DBG & Blann, K 2004, 'Highly Functionalised Cyclobutanols by Samarium(II) Iodide Induced Radical Cyclisations of Carbohydrate‐Derived Unsaturated Ketones', European Journal of Organic Chemistry, vol. 2004, no. 15, pp. 3286-3291.
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AbstractCertain carbohydrates have been found to be excellent precursors for the samarium diiodide‐mediated 4‐exo‐trig cyclisation reaction of their keto‐olefin derivatives, which were readily prepared in a few easy steps. The cyclisation was found to be stereoselective, affording cis products, the diastereoselective excesses of which were influenced by the nature of the protecting group employed at C5−O of the furanose sugar. The major chiral cyclobutane product of the cyclisation step was converted into an advanced intermediate for the synthesis of a nucleoside anti‐viral analogue. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2004)
Williams, DBG & Evans, SJ 2004, 'Use of palladium-mediated allylic substitution reactions in the synthesis of 2,5-disubstituted-2,5-dihydrofurans', Tetrahedron Letters, vol. 45, no. 39, pp. 7189-7192.
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Wood, BR, Langford, SJ, Cooke, BM, Lim, J, Glenister, FK, Duriska, M, Unthank, JK & McNaughton, D 2004, 'Resonance Raman Spectroscopy Reveals New Insight into the Electronic Structure of β-Hematin and Malaria Pigment', Journal of the American Chemical Society, vol. 126, no. 30, pp. 9233-9239.
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Xu, XD, Stevens, M & Cortie, MB 2004, 'In situ precipitation of gold nanoparticles onto glass for potential architectural applications', CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS, vol. 16, no. 11, pp. 2259-2266.
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The optical properties of in situ depositied gold nanoparticle coatings are investigated for potential application in architectural glass. It is found that the optical properties of the coating canbe controlled by the pH of the deposition solution. At a pH of 5.1, the color of the coatings develops from pink, through violet, to blue in transmission. This is due to a plasmon resonance peak at 520 nm from isolated particles, and one at about 700nm due to near-field dipole interactions, with an intermediate zone of the coexistence of the two, which produces the violet color. HOwever, the two peaks do not coexist in the spectra of coatings produced at pH 8.0 or 10.0, with the peak due to the 520nm resonance being swamped by the development of the resonance due to particle-particle interactions. In all cases the 700 nm peak could be broadened and red-shifted by increasing the deposition time. The reasons for these differences are explored and are shown to be attributable to the smalle, more aggregated morphology of nanoparticles precipitated at the higher pHs. The wavelength of maximum plasmon resonance is examined as a function of the volume fraction of nanoparticles. Significant deviations from the wellpknown Genzel-Martin analytical model are observed. The reasons for deviation of themodel are discussed. FInally, it is shown how coatings that are blue or blue-gray in transmission canve obtained by exploiting this deviation. Such coatings may be more suitable for architectural application than the conventional pink-hued coatings obtained with aolloidal gold nanoparticles.
Abell, T, Iacopi, F, Prokopowicz, G, Sun, B, Mazurenko, A, Travaly, Y, Baklanov, M, Jonas, A, Sullivan, C, Brongersma, S, Liou, HC, Tower, J, Gostein, M, Gallagher, M, Calvert, J, Moinpour, M & Maex, K 1970, 'Comparison of modulus and density measurements by nanoindentation, SAWS, XRR and EP techniques of a porous low k MSQ dielectric', ADVANCED METALLIZATION CONFERENCE 2004 (AMC 2004), 21st Advanced Metallization Conference (AMC 2004), MATERIALS RESEARCH SOC, San Diego, CA, pp. 457-462.
Baklanov, MR, Le, QT, Kesters, E, Iacopi, F, Van Aelst, J, Struyf, H, Boullart, W, Vanhaelemeersch, S, Maex, K & IEEE 1970, 'Challenges of clean/strip processing for Cu/Low-k technology.', PROCEEDINGS OF THE IEEE 2004 INTERNATIONAL INTERCONNECT TECHNOLOGY CONFERENCE, 7th Annual International Interconnect Technology Conference, IEEE, Burlingame, CA, pp. 187-189.
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Cortie, M, Holliday, R, Laguna, A, Nieuwenhuys, B & Thompson, D 1970, 'NEWS BREIF', Applied Catalysis A: General, Elsevier BV, pp. N1-N11.
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A report on "Gold2003: Highlights of this International Conference on the Science, Technology, and Industrial Applications of Gold" held on 9/28/2003-10/1/2003 in Vancouver, Canada, introducing the four principal themes of the conference, i.e., gold catalysis, chemistry, materials, and nanotechnology, covers papers on commercial aspects of gold applications, including fuel cell systems, pollution and emission control, chemical processing, and development of new coatings; gold as a novel catalyst in the 21st century, including applications in pollutant emission control, production of hydrogen for energy applications, e.g., fuel cells, and conversion of propylene to propylene oxide; gold as an active catalyst in CO oxidation, selective hydrogenation of acrolein to allyl alcohol and of crotonaldehyde to crotyl alcohol; photocatalytic hydrogen production from methanol; NH3 oxidation; and development of fuel systems, including use of gold in the generation and purification of hydrogen as well as in the fuel cell itself, with potential applications on generators, cars and buses, industrial vehicles, and small portable power suppliers.
Cortie, MB, Van Der Lingen, E & Patrick, G 1970, 'Catalysis and capacitance on nano-structured gold particles and sponges', Proceedings of the Asia Pacific Nanotechnology Forum 2003, Asia Pacific Nanotechnology Forum, World Scientific, Cairns, Australia, pp. 79-82.
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In the present paper we descrbe the catalytic properties and electrolytic double-layer capacitance of nano-structured, mesoporous gold sponges. These materials are effective catalysts for CO oxidation and for the selective catalytic conversion of NOx. The possible application of mesoporous gold in electric double layer capacitors is premised on its high durface area, corrosion resistance and excellent electrical conductivity. The niche, if any exists, would be in high-efficiency, and high-power density ultra-capacitors for top-end consumer appliances
Gelhausen, O, Malguth, E, Phillips, M, Goldys, EM, Strassburg, M, Hoffmann, AV, Graf, T, Gjukic, M & Stutzmann, M 1970, 'Optical Properties of Mn -doped GaN', Proceedings MRS Fall Meeting, Materials Research Society, Materials Research Society, Materials Research Society, Boston, MA, USA, pp. 569-574.
Godlewski, M, Wojtowicz, T, Goldys, EM, Phillips, MR, Czernecki, R, Prystawko, P, Leszczynski, M, Perlin, P, Grzegory, I, Porowski, S, Böttcher, T, Figge, S & Hommel, D 1970, 'In-depth and in-plane profiling of light emission properties from semiconductor-based heterostructures', Opto-Electronics Review, 4th International Conference on Solid State Crystals/7th Polish Conference on Crystal Growth, POLISH ACAD SCIENCES, Zakopane Koscielisko, POLAND, pp. 353-359.
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Cathodoluminescence (CL) technique is applied for evaluation of in-depth and in-plane variations of light emission from semiconductor heterostructures, including laser diode structures. Light emission properties of heteroepitaxial and homoepitaxial structures are studied. We demonstrate possibility of in-depth profiling of complicated multi quantum well structures, which allows us to evaluate light emission characteristics from different regions of, e.g., laser structures. Due to this property of the CL, we can evaluate interconnections between structural quality of the samples and light emission characteristics. Stimulated emission under electron beam pumping is achieved in a conventional CL set up for selected heterostructures. Threshold currents for stimulated emission are evaluated from the CL investigations. We demonstrate that potential fluctuations are not fully screened in the active regions of laser structures, even at large excitation densities.
Guo, Y & Zhu, J 1970, 'Improved Design and Performance Analysis of Permanent Magnet Transverse Flux Motors with Soft Magnetic Composite Core', Proceedings of 2004 International Conference on Electrical Machines and Systems (ICEMS2004), International Conference on Electrical Machines and Systems, ICEMS 2004 Organiser, Jiju Island, Korea, pp. 1-4.
Guo, Y & Zhu, J 1970, 'Study of Permanent Magnet Transverse Flux Motors with Soft Magnetic Composite Core', Proceedings of the 2004 Australasian Universities Power Engineering Conference AUPEC2004, Australasian Universities Power Engineering Conference, AUPEC04, Brisbane, Australia, pp. 1-6.
Guo, Y, Zhu, J & Wu, W 1970, 'Design and Analysis of Electric Motors with Soft Magnetic Composite Core', Proceedings of the 3rd Japanese Australia New Zealand Joint Seminar, The 3rd Japanese Australia New Zealand Joint Seminar, Japanese Magnetic Society, Auckland, New Zealand, pp. 1-7.
Iacopi, F, Brongersma, SH, Vandevelde, B, O'Toole, M, Degryse, D, Travaly, Y & Maex, K 1970, 'Challenges for structural stability of ultra-low-k-based interconnects', MICROELECTRONIC ENGINEERING, Symposium on Characterization and Mechanical Reliability of Advanced Electronic Materials at Nanoscale, ELSEVIER, Phoenix, AZ, pp. 54-62.
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Iacopi, F, Degryse, D, Vos, I, Patz, M & Maex, K 1970, 'Understanding adhesion failure in low-k dielectric stack during chemical-mechanical polishing', THIN FILMS-STRESSES AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIES X, Symposium on Thin Films - Stresses and Mechanical Properties X held at the 2003 MRS Fall Meeting, MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY, Boston, MA, pp. 131-136.
Iacopi, F, Travaly, Y, Stucchi, M, Struyf, H, Peeters, S, Jonckheere, R, Leunissen, LHA, Tokei, Z, Sutcliffe, V, Richard, O, Van Hove, M & Maex, K 1970, 'Processing damage and electrical performance of porous dielectrics in narrow spaced interconnects', MATERIALS, TECHNOLOGY AND RELIABILITY FOR ADVANCED INTERCONNECTS AND LOW-K DIELECTRICS-2004, Synposium on Materials, Technology and Reliability for Advanced Interconnects and Low-k Dielectrics held at the 2004 MRS Spring Meeting, MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY, San Francisco, CA, pp. 19-24.
Jian Guo Zhu & YouGuang Guo 1970, 'Study with magnetic property measurement of soft magnetic composite material and its application in electrical machines', Conference Record of the 2004 IEEE Industry Applications Conference, 2004. 39th IAS Annual Meeting., Conference Record of the 2004 IEEE Industry Applications Conference, 2004. 39th IAS Annual Meeting., IEEE, Seattle, WA, USA, pp. 373-380.
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This paper reports our study with the magnetic property measurements of soft magnetic composite (SMC) materials under both alternating and rotational magnetic excitations, and development of different electrical machines with SMC cores and three-dimensional magnetic field, such as claw pole and transverse flux motors. Three-dimensional finite element electromagnetic field analysis is conducted for determining some important parameters and optimizing the machine structures. The analysis methods are validated by the experimental results on two SMC motor prototypes.
Kuritsyn, D, Kozanecki, A, Przybylińska, H & Jantsch, W 1970, 'Energy transfer to Er 3+ ions in silicon‐rich‐silicon oxide: efficiency limitations', physica status solidi (c), Wiley, pp. 229-232.
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Zinc oxide nano-particles (25 nm) have been investigated by cathodoluminescence spectroscopy (300 nm-1700 nm) at 80 K and 300 K following thermal annealing in high purity H2/N2, N2, O2 and Ar gaseous atmospheres. The intensity of the ZnO near band edge peak was significantly increased after heat treatment in hydrogen. Conversely, thermal annealing in the other gas types decreased this emission. This effect is attributed to hydrogen passivation of competitive non-radiative defect centers, most likely bulk zinc vacancy centers. The appearance of a strong green emission centered at 2.4 eV following thermal annealing in all gas atmospheres is ascribed to the formation of bulk oxygen vacancy defects. A strong red shift of the near band edge emission with increasing beam current at 300 K is accredited to electron beam heating rather than to an increase in the carrier density. Electron beam heating is evidenced by the occurrence of a strong black body emission in the near infrared spectral region. © 2004 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.
Maclurcan, D, Ford, M, Cortie, MB & Ghosh, D 1970, 'Medical Nanotechnology and Developing Nations', Proceedings of the Asia Pacific Nanotechnology Forum 2003, Oz Nano, World Scientific Publishing Co, Cairns, Australia, pp. 165-172.
Mokkapati, S, Lever, P, Tan, HH, Jagadish, C, McBean, KE & Phillips, MR 1970, 'Selective Area Epitaxy of InGaAs Quantum Dots for Optoelectronic Device Integration', Conference on Optoelectronic and Microelectronic Materials and Devices, 2004., 2004 Conference on Optoelectronic and Microelectronic Materials and Devices. Proceedings, IEEE, Univ Queensland, Brisbane, AUSTRALIA, pp. 273-275.
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Phillips, MR & McBean, KE 1970, 'In-situ Evaluation of Post Growth Treatments on the Cathodoluminescence Properties of Fluorescent Nano-particles in the Environmental Scanning Electron Microscope', Microscopy and Microanalysis, Microscopy & Microanalysis, Oxford University Press (OUP), Savannah, USA, pp. 1064-1065.
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Extended abstract of a paper presented at Microscopy and Microanalysis 2004 in Savannah, Georgia, USA, August 1–5, 2004.
Smith, GB, Maaroof, AI, Allan, RS, Schelm, S, Anstis, GR & Cortie, MB 1970, 'Optical response of nanostructured metal/dielectric composites and multilayers', COMPLEX MEDIUMS V: LIGHT AND COMPLEXITY, Complex Mediums V: Light & Complexity, International Society for Optical Engneering, Colorado, USA, pp. 192-205.
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The homogeneous optical response in conducting nanostructured layers, and in insulating layers containing dense arrays of self assembled conducting nanoparticles separated by organic linkers, is examined experimentally through their effective complex indices (n*, k*). Classical effective medium models, modified to account for the 3-phase nanostructure, are shown to explain (n*, k*) in dense particulate systems but not inhomogeneous layers with macroscopic conductance for which a different approach to homogenisation is discussed, (n*, k*) data on thin granular metal films, thin mesoporous gold, and on thin metal layers containing ordered arrays of voids, is linked to properties of the surface plasmon states which span the nanostructured film. Coupling between evanescent waves at either surface counterbalanced by electron scattering losses must be considered. Virtual bound states for resonant photons result, with the associated transit delay leading to a large rise in n* in many nanostructures. Overcoating n-Ag with alumina is shown to alter (n*, k*) through its impact on the SP coupling. In contrast to classical optical homogenisation, effective indices depend on film thickness. Supporting high resolution SEM images are presented.
Sun, D, He, Y & Zhu, JG 1970, 'Sensorless direct torque control for permanent magnet synchronous motor based on fuzzy logic', Conference Proceedings - IPEMC 2004: 4th International Power Electronics and Motion Control Conference, 4th International Power Electronics and Motion Control Conference (IPEMC 2004), XIAN JIAOTUNG UNIV PRESS, Xian Jiaotong Univ, Xian, PEOPLES R CHINA, pp. 1286-1291.
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Fast dynamic response is an outstanding feature of the direct torque controlled (DTC) permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) systems. However, the two-value hysteresis controllers and the 60° region based position signal employed to select the proper space voltage vector in the conventional DTC system result in large torque and flux linkage ripples. Another main advantage of the DTC is that the requirement for the continuous rotor position information is eliminated. However, the speed feedback signal is unavoidable in closed loop speed control system. In this paper, a fuzzy controller is designed to solve the contradiction between the dynamic and steady state performance of the PMSM DTC system; and furthermore, a simple sensorless method is introduced to this fuzzy DTC system to improve the reliability, reduce the cost and make it a real sensorless DTC system. The proposed strategies are verified by the simulation and experimental results.
Tokei, Z, Patz, M, Schmidt, M, Iacopi, F, Demuynck, S & Maex, K 1970, 'Correlation between barrier integrity and TDDB performance of copper porous low-k interconnects', MICROELECTRONIC ENGINEERING, European Workshop on Materials for Advanced Metallization (MAM2004), ELSEVIER, Brussels, BELGIUM, pp. 70-75.
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Tokei, Z, Sutcliffe, V, Demuynck, S, Iacopi, F, Roussel, P, Beyer, GP, Hoofman, RJOM, Maex, K & ieee 1970, 'Impact of the barrier/dielectric interface quality on reliability of Cu porous-low-k interconnects', 2004 IEEE INTERNATIONAL RELIABILITY PHYSICS SYMPOSIUM PROCEEDINGS, 42nd Annual IEEE International Reliability Physics Symposium, IEEE, Phoenix, AZ, pp. 326-332.
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White, R, Phillips, MR, Thomas, P, Wuhrer, R & Dredge, P 1970, 'Interactions Between Pigments in 19th and Early 20th Century Oil Paintings - In Situ Studies Using the Environmental Scanning Electron Microscope', Microscopy and Microanalysis, Microscopy and Microanalysis, Oxford University Press (OUP), Savannah, USA, pp. 132-133.
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Extended abstract of a paper presented at Microscopy and Microanalysis 2004 in Savannah, Georgia, USA, August 1–5, 2004.
Wuhrer, R, Moran, K, Huggett, P, Phillips, MR & Ben-Nissan, B 1970, 'X-Ray Mapping and Electron Back-Scattered Diffraction of Phases in Welded Materials', Microscopy and Microanalysis, Microscopy & Microanalysis, Oxford University Press (OUP), Savannah, USA, pp. 916-917.
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Extended abstract of a paper presented at Microscopy and Microanalysis 2004 in Savannah, Georgia, USA, August 1–5, 2004.
Wuhrer, R, Phillips, MR, Mason, K, Roux, C, Maniago, JR & Hales, S 1970, 'GSR Analysis in the Environmental Scanning Electron Microscope', Microscopy and Microanalysis, Microscopy & Microanalysis, Oxford University Press (OUP), Savannah, USA, pp. 1362-1363.
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Extended abstract of a paper presented at Microscopy and Microanalysis 2004 in Savannah, Georgia, USA, August 1–5, 2004.
Zhou, L & Zhu, JG 1970, 'Applications of MLSDQ method for analysis of electromagnetic fields', Australian Journal of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Informa UK Limited, pp. 187-192.
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This paper presents a novel application of the moving least square differential quadrature (MLSDQ) method to the solution of electromagnetic field problems. The MLSDQ is a new method proposed very recently for solution of nonlinear partial differential equations and has been successfully applied to the study of the bending behaviour of plates. In this paper, the applicability and accuracy of the MLSDQ method to electromagnetic problems will be examined. Two examples of electrostatic field and eddy current problems are studied and the numerical results are in excellent agreement with the analytical solutions.
