Publications

Anthony, T & Sanson, M 2018, Connecting with Law, 4th, Oxford University Press, Melbourne.
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1. Learning Law: How Can I Develop A Legal Mind?2. Sources: What Is The Law Itself?3. Legal Institutions: How Is Law Made?4. Classifying and Practicing Law: How Are Cases Resolved?5. Research: How Do I Find the Law?6. Communication: How Do I Engage With Others About the Law?7. Jurisprudence: What Is Law?8. History: How Did Australian Law Develop?9. Australia: Where Do Indigenous Laws Fit In?10. Precedent: How Do Judicial Decisions Become Law?11. Statutory Interpretation: How Do Courts Interpret Legislation?12. The Profession: What Do Lawyers Do?13. Law in Society: What Are the Problems and Remedies For Accessing Justice?14. My Law Career: How Can I Best Prepare For It?

Greenleaf, G & Lindsay, D 2018, Public Rights Copyright's Public Domains, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK.
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This comprehensive international and comparative account reconceptualises the public domain, providing new insights into copyright and copyright law reform.

Lee, K 2018, The legitimacy and responsiveness of industry rule-making, Hart Publishing, Oxford, UK.
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Rule-making is no longer an activity undertaken exclusively by public actors. Private actors are increasingly allowed by legislatures and regulatory bodies to take part in (and in some cases assume responsibility for) the formation of legally binding rules, for example in the US, UK, Australia and the EU. Departing from traditional forms of rule-making by involving private actors may enhance the ability of regulatory systems to achieve social goals, as regulatory scholars argue. However, because private actors are permitted to act in their own best interests, their involvement also raises doubts about the legitimacy of the underlying rule-making processes and the rules that are formulated. The principal aim of this book is to highlight that the tension between the responsiveness that leading international regulatory scholars advocate in order to improve regulatory effectiveness, and the law and its formal, substantive, procedural and institutional values, is not as great as may first appear. Drawing on three in-depth case studies of the experience of the Australian telecommunications industry with self-regulatory rule-making - a form of rule-making that bears the hallmarks of 'responsive regulation', 'democratic experimentalism', 'smart regulation' and other strategies of proceduralization - it is argued that industry rule-making can, as a matter of practice, be responsive and legitimate at the same time. In doing so, the book formulates and applies criteria against which industry rule-making should be evaluated and identifies a number of indicia that point to when industry rule-making is likely to be simultaneously legitimate and responsive.

Sanson, M & Anthony, T 2018, Connecting with Law, 1, Oxford University Press, Melbourne, Australia.
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Fully revised to incorporate the latest legal developments in Australia, this text introduces students to the foundations of law and the Australian legal system, engaging them with contemporary examples and case studies and helping them to ...

Schofield-Georgeson, E 2018, By What Authority? Criminal law in colonial New South Wales, 1788-1861, Australian Scholarly Publishing, North Melbourne.

Stoianoff, NP, Chilton, F & Monotti, AL 2018, Commercialisation of Intellectual Property, First, Lexis Nexis Butterworths, Chatswood, Sydney.
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This text takes an integrated approach to legal, business and technical aspects of the commercialisation of intellectual property.

Alexander, I 2018, 'The Copyright/Design Interface in Australia' in Derclaye, E (ed), The Copyright/Design Interface, Cambridge University Press, UK, pp. 226-268.
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The law relating to designs in Australia has long been the subject of dissatisfaction. As long ago as 1936, Sir Owen Dixon referred to the Designs Act 1906 as ‘rather peculiar’1, while the interface between copyright and designs has garnered even more pointed criticism, being called ‘troubled’2, ‘vexed’3 and an area of ‘(perennial) confusion’.4 At different times Australia has adopted different approaches to the overlap, moving from potential cumulation (or dual protection as it is more commonly known in Australia) to demarcation and then to partial cumulation (for two-dimensional works) combined with demarcation (for three-dimensional works). Legislative implementation of these policies, however, has been far from straightforward. At each stage, Australia looked to the United Kingdom to inform its legislative approach. While never simply slavishly copying the UK’s legislative language, the tendency was at first to follow generally where the UK led. From 1968, however, the position of the two countries diverged, with Australia pursuing a stricter approach of demarcation until it adopted partial cumulation in 1989. Moreover, while the UK simplified its legislative provisions, Australia’s approach was to add further detail – an approach that has not necessarily resulted in greater clarity. The first section of this chapter examines the history of designs and the copyright/design interface in Australia from 1852 to the present, while the second section briefly looks at some of the ongoing problems in this area. Although issues also arise as to the interrelationship between patents and designs, and to a lesser extent between trade marks and designs, this chapter does not address these in any detail.

Anthony, T 2018, 'Car Crimes and the Cultural Imagination' in Rafter, N & Brown, M (eds), The Oxford Encyclopedia of Crime, Media, and Popular Culture, Oxford University Press, UK, pp. 99-113.

Barker, D 2018, 'The Bowen Report: The Overlooked Influence on Australian Legal Education' in The Future of Australian Legal Education, Thomson-Reuters, Australia, pp. 57-68.

Biber, K 2018, 'The art of bureaucracy: Redacted ready-mades' in Manderson, D (ed), Law and the Visual Representations Technologies Critique, University of Toronto Press, Toronto, Buffalo, London, pp. 286-309.
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In the final days of its regime, agents of the Ministerium für Staatssicherheit, or Stasi, destroyed documents on a mass scale. Most were pulverised using a feuchtschredder, or wet shredder. Agricultural composters were retooled to destroy papers, microfilm and audio tapes, producing enormous lumps. Some of these were buried, some were discharged into the Leipzig municipal sewer system, which several days later became clogged before spewing watery pulp into the streets. Today these grey rocks, dimensions variable, are exhibited by the artist Daniel Knorr in his series The State of Mind (2007). The original documents within these ‘file-stones’ can be vaguely perceived but cannot be read. They testify not only to the secrecy of the regime from which they originated, but also to the malign artistry of its officials. This chapter investigates official secrecy as bureaucratic creativity. Visual techniques of official secret-keeping display the art of administration, driven by the need to create new methods of destruction, obfuscation and concealment. That these techniques might be imagined as art becomes possible through the intervention of contemporary artists whose work is made from the tangible remainders of official secrets. This chapter examines several art projects which draw on redacted or otherwise wilfully damaged official records. Whilst most critics and commentators in this area are interested in exploring what these records might reveal about the secrets that have been removed from them, artworks made from redacted records can also teach us about the creativity and artistry involved in bureaucracy itself. These artworks, whilst attributed to a named artist, are in fact originally made by officials of the state. Usually these officials are unknown, sometimes they work in collaboration with others, mostly we have no idea of how they operate. All we can see is physical evidence of their endeavours, made manifest because they have visibly, tangibly, creativ...

Biber, K 2018, 'The Cultural Afterlife of Criminal Evidence' in Rafter, N & Brown, M (eds), The Oxford Encyclopedia of Crime, Media, and Popular Culture, Oxford University Press, UK, pp. 427-439.
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This article explores what happens to criminal evidence after the conclusion of legal proceedings, described here as the afterlife of evidence. The text investigates the ways that this material proliferates in the shadow of the law, in both cultural and commercial contexts. During the criminal trial, the rules of evidence and criminal procedure operate to tightly regulate the collection, admissibility, and interpretation of evidence. After the criminal trial, these rules no longer control evidence, and this material is sometimes subject to the substantial cultural curiosity associated with true crime and its artifacts. This article sets out some of the new questions that are posed by this material when it is transferred beyond the law’s control.

Crofts, P 2018, 'Envisioning Legality' in Peters, TD & Crawley, K (eds), Envisioning Legality: Law, Culture and Representation, Routledge, New York, pp. 46-67.
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The Doctor Who episode “Blink” introduced the Weeping Angels,1 aliens that when perceived look like statues of angels covering their eyes in sadness, but in the blink of an eye can touch their victims and send them to another time. The plot centres on Sally Sparrow (played by Carey Mulligan), a young woman who has never met the Doctor and only interacts with him for a few moments. She is a photographer, and when we first see her, she is breaking into an old, abandoned house. In the background is a beautiful statue of a crying angel. Sally’s attention is drawn to a wall with words that are barely visible behind peeling wallpaper. She peels back the wallpaper in time to see that the words are a message addressed to her, telling her to duck. She does so, just in time to avoid being hit by a rock flying through the window – and just in time for us to notice that the beautiful statue has moved toward her. A Weeping Angel – when seen – appears as a statue, carved into the shape of an angel, usually with its hands daintily covering its eyes as though it were weeping. When observed, it is serene and lovely. However, though still as stone when observed, a Weeping Angel is capable of extremely quick movements when not observed. If you blink, a Weeping Angel will have silently come up beside you. If the Weeping Angel touches you, then you are gone. Weeping Angels thrive by consuming all of the energy from the future lives of their victims. They deposit their victims in a past time, though not a time through which they have already lived. Their victims feel no pain and the rest of their lives are theirs to live as they are able in their new temporal and spatial locations. The Doctor states that they are ‘the only psychopaths in the universe to kill you nicely.’ The Weeping Angels render strange and threatening the familiar sight of statues of females in classic poses. Weeping Angels are portrayed not just as stone ornaments, but as mobile monsters that can take us away from ...

Crofts, P 2018, 'Teaching Skills for Future Legal Professionals' in The Future of Australian Legal Education: A Collection, Thomson Reuters, Australia.

Crofts, P & van Rijswijk, HM 2018, 'Law and Justice in Japanese Popular Culture' in Pearson, A, Giddens, T & Tranter, K (eds), Law and Justice in Japanese Popular Culture: from crime fighting robots to duelling pocket monsters, Routledge, UK.
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Dehm, S 2018, 'Contesting the Right to Leave in International Law: The Berlin Wall, the Third World Brain Drain and the Politics of Emigration in the 1960s' in Craven, M, Pahuja, S & Simpson, G (eds), International Law and the Cold War, Cambridge University Press, UK, pp. 159-188.
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In 1963, the UN Sub-Commission on Prevention of Discrimination and Protection of Minorities published a study that found that more people were ‘effectively confined behind their national boundaries today than in previous periods of history’.2 The study, written by Filipino Judge José D Inglés in his capacity as Special Rapporteur, represented the first attempt within UN institutions to examine the emerging right under international law of individuals to leave any country including their own, and to systematically document how various states were recognising — or failing to recognise — this right in their domestic laws and regulations. Deeply critical of what he saw to be a ‘retrogressive’ trend towards ever more restrictive forms of state control over human mobility and drawing on the language of self-determination that animated earlier and ongoing struggles for national independence across the newly-decolonised or decolonising parts of the world, Inglés framed the legal basis of a person’s ability to emigrate from a state as a fundamental human right, namely a ‘right to personal self-determination’.3 This right, he concluded, was ‘under attack from many directions’, including the ‘desire of some Governments to keep their nationals out of touch with rival ideologies’ and other reasons of ‘alleged national interest’

Dehm, S 2018, 'Passport' in International Law's Objects, Oxford University Press, UK, pp. 342-356.
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This chapter explores the passport both as an object of concern for international law and as an object that has been shaped through international action and institutions. It unpacks this dynamic relationship along four registers: first, as a historical object that functions as a technology of statecraft and emerged with the consolidation of the modern territorial nation-state; second, as an object of government that works towards the control of individuals, the construction of border regimes, and the global segregation of populations; third, as a jurisprudential object that crafts a particular juridical human; and finally, as an object of resistance taken up in political struggles to challenge the nation-state’s asserted monopoly on territorial authority. Along each of these registers, the passport reveals how the deeply state-centric order produced through international law shapes and regulates human mobility and identity.

Dehm, S & Walden, M 2018, 'Refugee Policy: A Cruel Bipartisanship' in Gauja, A, Chen, P, Curtin, J & Pietsch, J (eds), Double Dissolution The 2016 Australian Election, ANU Press, Australia, pp. 593-617.
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Facing the media after a reported 5.6 per cent swing against him in the Brisbane seat of Dickson, Australian Minister for Immigration and Border Protection Peter Dutton defiantly declared that the Coalition was ‘a victim of our own success’.1 ‘The fact that we stopped boats and got children out of detention’, Dutton asserted, meant the ‘issue’ of ‘border protection’ and people arriving in Australia unauthorised by boat to seek asylum ‘had gone off the radar’ (quoted in Hutchens 2016). The minister’s assertion was certainly provocative, if a little misleading. While Australia’s policies towards refugees and asylum seekers did not appear to feature prominently in the 2016 election campaign, this was largely due to a confluence of circumstances, not all of which were of the Coalition’s making. These circumstances primarily included the bipartisan support for the three key pillars of Australia’s increasingly draconian deterrence model (namely, boat turn backs, regional processing and the mandatory detention of certain asylum seekers) and the exceptional government censorship of information from inside immigration detention centres and the official secrecy surrounding the implementation of Australia’s military-led Operation Sovereign Borders (OSB). This meant that the Coalition and Labor had both orchestrated a situation where there seemed to be little political mileage to be gained from foregrounding the issue of Australia’s refugee laws and policies during the campaign. Instead, the election contest predominantly played out across more traditional issues of economic and social policy, such as job creation and the funding of healthcare. Despite being a highly volatile political issue, refugee policy could rarely be seen to determine the outcome of elections—perhaps with the exception of the Coalition’s major 2001 electoral victory in the wake of the Tampa affair. Since 2004, fewer than 10 per cent of surveyed voters have ranked the issue of ‘refugees and ...

Dorsett, S 2018, 'Traditions' in Dubber, MD & Tomlins, C (eds), The Oxford Handbook of Legal History, Oxford University Press, UK, pp. 799-816.
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Abstract This chapter examines legal encounters and legal relations between Indigenous peoples in both Australia and New Zealand and the British Empire. It looks at court decisions as a source of historical material in order to suggest two contact points between jurisdictions through which to think about indigenous laws and settler laws. It focuses on only two instances of contact: the colonial and the present. In many ways this choice reproduces ongoing gaps in tracing and thinking about legal encounters with Aboriginal law in Australia and, to a lesser extent, in New Zealand. Scholarship on legal encounter has tended to be centred on the colonial period to the detriment of the later nineteenth century and much of the twentieth century. The chapter looks at the ways in which colonial and modern law engaged/s with aboriginal law from the perspective of the colonizer, not the colonized.

Fam, D, Leimbach, T, Kelly, S, Hitchens, L & Callen, M 2018, 'Meta-considerations for Planning, Introducing and Standardising Inter and Transdisciplinary Learning in Higher Degree Institutions' in Transdisciplinary Theory, Practice and Education, Springer International Publishing, pp. 85-102.
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Goggin, G, Steele, L & Cadwallader, JR 2018, 'Introduction' in Normality and Disability, Routledge, pp. 1-4.
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Goldblatt, B 2018, 'Constitutional Social and Economic Rights to Address Poverty and Inequality - Thoughts from the South African Experience' in The Fiftieth Anniversary of the Bermuda Constitution: Reflections on its Past and Future, Centre for Justice, Hamilton, Bermuda.
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This paper will discuss some of the significant features of the South African Bill of Rights that may be relevant to informing any reforms to the Constitution of Bermuda and inparticular, the sections dealing with fundamental rights. First, it will discuss what is meant by social and economic rights and their status internationally before looking at the inclusion of these rights in the South African Constitution. It will then consider the strong equality right and the relationship between this right and the social and economic rights. It will also note some of the other valuable features of the South African equality right.

Goldblatt, B 2018, 'Violence against Women in South Africa: Constitutional Responses and Opportunities' in Dixon, R & Roux, T (eds), Constitutional Triumphs, Constitutional Disappointments, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK, pp. 141-173.
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Violence against women, present in every society in the world, is deeply embedded in South Africa’s past and is a central feature of the post-democratic society. The South African Constitution is path-breaking in acknowledging this reality by providing a right to be free from violence in public and private realms. Over the past two decades since democracy, advocacy groups have been successful in lobbying and working with government to secure new legislation in the areas of domestic violence and rape. Implementation of these laws has, however, been mixed or poor and recourse to the law is limited for many, if not most, victims of this violence. A number of significant decisions have emerged from the Constitutional Court in relation to these laws and regarding aspects of the common law relevant to violence against women. This chapter surveys the jurisprudence on violence against women in assessing the Court’s record in this area. While finding these decisions valuable in advancing the constitutional framework, the chapter suggests that fuller interpretation of the Constitution and more creative litigation and jurisprudence is necessary in contributing to the removal of the scourge of violence against South Africa’s women.

Grossi, R 2018, 'Feminism and the Power of Love' in García-Andrade, A, Gunnarsson, L & Jónasdóttir, AG (eds), Feminism and the Power of Love: Interdisciplinary Interventions, Routledge, London and New York, pp. 55-72.
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Hoping to escape suffering it is to suffering that they run. In the desire for happiness, out of delusion, they destroy their own happiness, like an enemy.

Hohmann, J 2018, 'International Law's Objects' in Hohmann, J & Joyce, D (eds), International Law's Objects, Oxford University Press, UK.
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International law’s rich existence in the world can be illuminated by its objects. International law is often developed, conveyed, and authorized through its objects and/or their representation. From the symbolic (the regalia of the head of state and the symbols of sovereignty), to the mundane (a can of dolphin-safe tuna certified as complying with international trade standards), international legal authority can be found in the objects around us. Similarly, the practice of international law often relies on material objects or their image, both as evidence (satellite images, bones of the victims of mass atrocities) and to found authority (for instance, maps and charts).This volume considers these questions: firstly what might the study of international law through objects reveal? What might objects, rather than texts, tell us about sources, recognition of states, construction of territory, law of the sea, or international human rights law? Secondly, what might this scholarly undertaking reveal about the objects - as aims or projects - of international law? How do objects reveal, or perhaps mask, these aims, and what does this tell us about the reasons some (physical or material) objects are foregrounded, and others hidden or ignored. Thirdly what objects, icons, and symbols preoccupy the profession and academy? The personal selection of these objects by leading and emerging scholars worldwide will illuminate the contemporary and historical fascinations of international lawyers.By considering international law in the context of its material culture the authors offer a new and exciting theoretical perspective on the subject.

Hohmann, J 2018, 'The UNDRIP and the Rights of Indigenous Peoples to Existence, Cultural Integrity and Identity, and Non-Assimilation: Articles 7(2), 8, and 43' in Hohmann, J & Weller, M (eds), The UN Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples: A Commentary, Oxford University Press, UK, pp. 1-31.

Hohmann, J & Joyce, D 2018, 'Introduction' in International Law's Objects, Oxford University Press, pp. 1-12.
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This volume asks what we might learn about international law if we began with objects, things, and material culture? What might we see, if we took seriously international law’s role in constructing the world, claiming and disclaiming parts of it, vesting things with authority or stripping them of legitimacy? And what might we learn about objects themselves, if we allowed them to speak more clearly to us, if we let them take centre stage, rather than treating them as peripheral to or as passive props for human action? This volume opens up these questions. It aims to extend both the theoretical and critical scope of the discipline beyond its preoccupations with text and with the intentions of states, and with normative and regulatory frameworks, by considering international law through a new lens— that of its materiality, its objects, and their associated imagery. The collection plays with style, method, and form, and is explicitly interdisciplinary. It brings out the personal, and disciplinary, preoccupations of international lawyers at the contemporary moment. It showcases the selected objects themselves, and results in an artefact that is also an archive. The volume offers a new way of thinking about the purpose and the limits—both conceptual and physical—of international law, and connecting it with the material turn in the humanities and social sciences. We seek to begin a conversation that will enable new ways of thinking about, but also opportunities for contesting, resisting, and re-forming international law.

Hohmann, J & Perez-Bustillo, C 2018, 'Indigenous Rights to Development, Socio-Economic Rights, and Rights for Groups with Vulnerabilities: Articles 20–22, 24, and 44' in Hohmann, J & Weller, M (eds), The UN Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples: A Commentary, Oxford University Press, UK.
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This chapter is focused on the challenges and implications of Articles 20(1), 21, 22, 24, and 44 of the United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples (UNDRIP; the Declaration). These provisions are centered on: the economic, social, and cultural (ESC) rights of indigenous peoples, (with a particular focus on the right to health); their right to development; the rights of those indigenous individuals and groups who are particularly vulnerable, including women and children, and again with a particular focus on women’s rights to be free from violence. The provisions highlight the evolving place of indigenous rights within the overall framework of international law and international human rights

Kirkby, D 2018, 'Challenges to Authority and the Recognition of Rights' in MacMillan, C & Smith, C (eds), Challenges to Authority and the Recognition of Rights: From Magna Carta to Modernity, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, pp. 321-343.
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Kirkby, D 2018, 'In Not a Few Respects, a Common History' in Patmore, G & Stromquist, S (eds), Frontiers of Labor, University of Illinois Press, Urbana, Ill., pp. 82-103.
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This essay brings the work of labor journalists to the foreground in a study of national responses to the coming of world war. In Australia and the United States the democratic rights of citizens to dissent, to exercise their freedom of speech, and to protest in print were curtailed and criminalized by the passage of new national security measures. Labor journalists, political dissenters, anticonscriptionists, and antiwar protesters were subjected to harassment and prosecution by federal authorities to an unprecedented degree with the establishment of a censorship regime. The essay traces the intersections and divergences in this legal and labor history. Through the experience of two women—Alice Henry and Jennie Scott Griffiths—whose lives, political activism, and careers in journalism spanned both nations, the chapter exposes elements of gender differentiation in these prosecutions.

Kirkby, D 2018, 'When ‘Magna Carta Was Suspended’' in Challenges to Authority and the Recognition of Rights, Cambridge University Press, pp. 321-343.
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Leary, DK 2018, 'International Environmental Law, Sustainable Generation of Energy from the Ocean and Small Island Developing States in the PacificPacific' in Kotzur, M, Matz-Lück, N, Proells, A, Verheyen, R & Sanden, J (eds), Sustainable Ocean Resource Governance, Brill | Nijhoff, Leiden, pp. 84-100.
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Pacific Island countries and territories (PICTs) are heavily dependent upon imported fossil fuel to meet their energy needs.1 The combined effect of low GDP, high energy prices, small population density and remoteness means that PICTs are extremely vulnerable to external energy crises.2 The importance of energy security for PICTs and the role renewable energy can play in providing such security in a sustainable manner has been recognized in a range of soft law instruments and other international initiatives over the past few decades. While there has been developed a range of different technologies that harness energy from the oceans, most research has focused on three key areas: (1) hydrokinetic energy, where the energy of ocean currents and tides are captured by devices which are installed under the surface of the water; (2) wave energy, where the energy of the surface wind waves is used to produce electricity by a variety of devices installed on the surface of the Sea; and (3) Ocean thermal Energy conversion or OTEC, which utilizes the temperature differential between cold water from the deep ocean and warm surface water.3 This paper considers the potential role that these technologies could play in sustainably meeting the energy needs of PICTs

Lee, K & Prime, J 2018, 'Us Telecommunications Law' in Walden, I (ed), Telecommunications Law and Regulation, Oxford University Press, Oxford, pp. 195-282.
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This chapter focuses on the regulation of the provision of telecommunication services and the operation of telecommunication networks in the US. It begins by giving a brief history of the American approach to the regulation of switched, cable, wireless, satellite, broadband, and IP networks and services. It then provides an overview of the numerous governmental bodies involved in the regulation of the US telecommunications market. It summarizes the licensing requirements under the Communications Act of 1934, and briefly explains the US approach to certain key regulatory issues: access, interconnection and related measures, including network neutrality, spectrum management, universal service, the application of competition law to the sector, and consumer privacy.

Libesman, T 2018, 'Human Rights and Neoliberal Wrongs in the Indigenous Child Welfare Space' in Hendry, J, Tatum, M, Jorgensen, M & Howard-Wagner, D (eds), Indigenous Justice, Palgrave Macmillan UK, London, pp. 69-85.
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May 2017 marked the 20th anniversary of Bringing Them Home, the Australian Human Rights Commission report into the forced and unjustified removals of Indigenous children from their families (NISATSIC 1997). The report concluded that these actions were part of a sustained campaign by the Australian government to eradicate Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander families, communities, and culture. Nearly a third of the report examined and made recommendations with respect to contemporary removals under child welfare, juvenile justice, and family law. These recommendations were part of the reparations and were aimed at creating laws and policies designed to ensure the discriminatory practices would cease and would not be repeated. Twenty years post-Bringing Them Home, however, Indigenous children are being removed from their families in unprecedented numbers (Libesman 2016, pp. 46–7).

Libesman, T & Briskman, L 2018, 'Indigenous Australians: Continuity of colonisation in law and social work' in Rice, S, Day, A & Briskman, L (eds), Social Work - in the shadow of the law, Federation Press, Sydney, pp. 256-277.

Murphy, JR, Grant, E & Anthony, T 2018, 'Indigenous Courthouse and Courtroom Design in Australia: Case Studies, Design Paradigms and the Issue of Cultural Agency' in The Handbook of Contemporary Indigenous Architecture, Springer Singapore, Germany, pp. 495-525.
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If it is true that public buildings “…reflect the beliefs, priorities and aspirations of a people” (Powell 1995: ix), what do Australia’s public buildings say about Australians? More specifically, what does the design of Australia’s courthouses say about the beliefs, priorities, aspirations and agency of Australian people and in particular, Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples?

Patrick, WSJ & Williams, MS 2018, 'Thoughts on the ‘Law of the Land’ and the Persistence of Aboriginal Law in Australia' in Indigenous Justice, Palgrave Macmillan UK, pp. 143-157.
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Rawlings, J 2018, 'Chapter 6 Laws of Confidence and annotations and commentary on the Privacy Act 1988 (CTH)' in Privacy, Confidentiality and Data Security, LexisNexis Australia, Chatswood, NSW Australia.

Rijswijk, HV 2018, 'Cultural Representations of Torture' in The Oxford Encyclopedia of Crime, Media, and Popular Culture, Oxford University Press, UK, pp. 468-489.
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Scenes of torture are central to the Western imaginary of law, animating questions of power, authority and legitimacy. This examination of key cultural representations of torture provides some historical background on torture in the Western imaginary and focuses on its contemporary significance. A flexible set of analytical and aesthetic approaches to practices of representation are used to assess the changing significance of torture. In particular, three figures are central to the representation of torture—the torturer, the tortured, and the torture chamber. The significance of these elements differs depending on the form and perspective of representation. These elements of representations of torture changed following the September 11 attacks on the World Trade Center and have complicated the social and legal work done by previous cultural texts and government policies around the effectiveness of torture and the risks of states of exception. Not only do popular films and television series support and justify the use of torture as a legitimate information-gathering tool, but representations of torture have become sites of pleasure and enjoyment. The emergence of new figures and genres in representations of torture suggests that the use of torture in violent or conflict scenes has been of increasing interest to the public and possibly have become increasingly accepted since the rhetoric of the Global War on Terror (GWOT).

Riley, J 2018, 'General Protections: Industrial Activities and Collective Bargaining' in McCrystal, S, Creighton, B & Forsyth, A (eds), Collective Bargaining Under the Fair Work Act, the Federation Press, Sydney, pp. 162-181.
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Is the system of collective bargaining under the Fair Work Act broken? Both employers and unions think that it is, and that the legislation requires significant amendment.

Riley, J 2018, 'The Federal Court's Contribution to Australian Workplace Law' in Ridge, P & Stellios, J (eds), The Federal Court's Contribution to Australian Law: Past, Present and Future, pp. 289-307.

Ross, NM, Ries, NM, Meredith, J & Campbell, S 2018, 'Local to Global: Incorporating Overseas Work and Study in the Law School Curriculum' in Hall, T, Gray, T, Downey, G & Singh, M (eds), The Globalisation of Higher Education, Springer International Publishing, Germany, pp. 291-305.
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Legal education traditionally focuses on domestic law, but a major shift is underway to internationalize the law school curriculum with the aim of developing twenty-first-century lawyers as global lawyers. This chapter first identifies important contextual factors influencing Australian law schools to incorporate overseas work and study immersion courses into the curriculum. Second, it presents a case study and proposed evaluation of internationalization initiatives at the University of Newcastle Law School, New South Wales, focused on overseas work-integrated learning and intensive study trips in the Asia–Pacific region. Third, the chapter concludes with reflections on the opportunities and challenges from the perspective of legal educators who must develop their own intercultural competence and navigate new ways of working with overseas service providers and academic institutions

Simmonds, AP 2018, 'Domesticating Violence: Reading the politics of the Family Court into the Luke Batty Coronial Inquest' in Nelson, C & Robertson, R (eds), The Book of Dangerous Ideas About Mothers, University of Western Australia Press, Perth, Western Australia, pp. 35-48.

Sinclair, C, Bucks, RS, Blake, M, Williams, K, Clayton, J, Auret, K, Radoslovich, H, Callaghan, S, Field, S & Kurrle, S 2018, ''We've always thought of one another': Relational perspectives on autonomy and decision-making among people with dementia and their family carers' in Dementia as Social Experience Valuing Life and Care, pp. 118-133.

Somes, T & Webb, E 2018, 'Financial abuse' in Field, S, Williams, K & Sappideen, C (eds), Elder law, The Federation Press, pp. 225-246.

Steele, L 2018, 'Restrictive Practice in Education Settings: Institutional Violence, Disability and Law' in Trimmer, K, Dixon, R & Stewart Findlay, Y (eds), The Palgrave Handbook of Education Law for Schools, Springer International Publishing, Germany, pp. 533-552.
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The current legal framework governing restrictive practices in schools regulates, rather than prohibits, restrictive practices. The central aim of this chapter is twofold: (i) to provide an overview of the legal framework of the use of restrictive practices in schools, and (ii) to identify some critical entry points into questioning the self-evidence of this legal framework and consequently reframe restrictive practices in schools as a lawful form of institutional violence. The chapter begins by introducing restrictive practices in schools and then provides an overview of the current legal framework that regulates the use of restrictive practices, and ultimately positions these practices beyond legal definitions of unlawful violence and hence beyond legal liability. The chapter then discusses the United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities and recent Australian government inquiries, which provide a strong policy basis for viewing restrictive practices as violence, which should be prohibited.

Steele, L 2018, 'Sterilisation, disability and well-being: The curative imaginary of the 'welfare jurisdiction'' in Spivakovsky, C, Seear, K & Carter, A (eds), Critical Perspectives on Coercive Interventions Law Medicine and Society, Routledge Frontiers of Criminal Justice, UK, pp. 149-163.
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Court-authorised sterilisation of women and girls with disability has been widely criticised by disability rights advocates and international human rights bodies as a form of violence and discrimination. This chapter examines the Family Court of Australia’s power pursuant to its ‘welfare jurisdiction’ to authorise parental consent to non-therapeutic sterilisation of girls with disability. The chapter locates the Family Court’s welfare jurisdiction at the intersections of health law, family law and Australian Constitutional law, and draws on critical disability studies approaches to disability and critical legal approaches to jurisdiction in order to explore how the judiciary is positioned to legitimately permit the violence of sterilisation. The chapter engages in a close analysis of the majority judgments in two leading High Court of Australia decisions on sterilisation: Secretary, Department of Health and Community Services v JWB (1992) (Marion’s Case) and P v P (1994). The chapter argues that judicial authority to permit sterilisation both shores up limits and gaps in the scope of state authority vis-à-vis disabled girls’ bodies and individualises and privatises the injustices of sterilisation. This argument signals the need for greater engagement with discourses of humanitarianism, care and flourishing, particularly when these discourses are mobilised by law in coercive and violent contexts against people with disability.

Steele, LR 2018, 'Policing Normalcy: Sexual Violence Against Women Offenders with Disability' in Goggin, G, Steele, L & Cadwallader, JR (eds), Normality and Disability: Intersections Among Norms, Law, and Culture, Routledge, UK, pp. 86-99.

Stoianoff, NP 2018, 'Tax and the Environment', The Rowman & Littlefield Publishing Group, Inc., pp. 105-124.
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Stoianoff, NP 2018, 'Tax and the Environment – Australian Style' in Mann, R & Roberts, T (eds), Tax Law and the Environment A Multidisciplinary and Worldwide Perspective, Lexington Books, USA, pp. 105-124.
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Climate change and other environmental issues have been part of the political agenda in Australia for almost 30 years. The federal taxation system has played a role in that agenda since 1990. In particular, the extensive tax expenditures regime has been the main fiscal mechanism utilised by the government to effect changes in behaviour in order to address a multitude of environmental ills while focussing on the goal of achieving an environmentally sustainable nation. This paper explores Australia’s love affair with tax incentives, concessions or subsidies as a means of promoting biodiversity conservation, reforestation, abating pollution and land degradation and encouraging green technological innovations, consequently, mitigating greenhouse gas emissions in order to ultimately meet carbon reduction targets.

Stoianoff, NP & Wright, E 2018, 'Fair Use and Traditional Cultural Expressions' in Making Copyright Work for the Asian Pacific: Juxtaposing Harmonisation with Flexibility, ANU Press, pp. 75-94.
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Stoianoff, NP & Wright, E 2018, 'Fair Use and Traditional Cultural Expressions' in Corbett, S & Lai, J (eds), Making Copyright Work for the Asian Pacific: Juxtaposing Harmonisation with Flexibility, ANU Press, Australia, pp. 75-94.
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Indigenous knowledge may be broadly described as the system of knowledge developed and maintained by Indigenous and local communities and transmitted from generation to generation and includes: [L]iterary, artistic or scientific works; performances; inventions; scientific discoveries; designs; marks; names and symbols; undisclosed information; and all other tradition-based innovations and creations resulting from intellectual activity in the industrial, scientific, literary or artistic fields.3

Stuhmcke, A 2018, 'Ombuds can, ombuds can’t, ombuds should, ombuds shan’t: a call toimprove evaluation of the ombudsman institution' in Hertogh, M & Kirkham, R (eds), Research Handbook on the Ombudsman, Edward Elgar Publishing, pp. 415-435.
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The public sector ombudsman has become one of the most important administrative justice institutions in many countries around the world. This international and interdisciplinary Research Handbook brings together leading scholars and practitioners to discuss the state-of-the-art of ombudsman research. It uses new empirical studies and competing theoretical explanations to critically examine important aspects of the ombudsman’s work. This comprehensive Handbook is of value to academics designing future ombudsman studies and practitioners and policymakers in understanding the future challenges of the ombudsman.

van Rijswijk, H 2018, 'Feminist genres of violence and law’s aggressive realism' in Routledge Handbook of Law and Theory, Routledge, pp. 329-346.
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Van Rijswijk, H 2018, 'From Sentimentality to Sadism: Visual genres of Asylum Seeking' in Manderson, D (ed), Law and the Visual Representations Technologies Critique, University of Toronto Press, Toronto, pp. 189-209.
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Proceeding chronologically, the volume offers leading analyses of the juncture between legal and visual culture as witnessed from the fifteenth to the twenty-first centuries.

Varnham, S 2018, 'Education Law in Aotearoa New Zealand' in Russo, CJ (ed), Handbook of Comparative Education Law: British Commonwealth Nations, Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, Maryland US, London UK, pp. 45-72.
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Historically there is no discreet discipline known as ‘Education Law’ in New Zealand. The term more correctly refers to the wide body of policy, statutes, common law and international instruments which comprise the right to education and rights in education. The last decades have seen a greater recognition of the myriad of ways in which the law impacts on education, and an attendant and increasing need for scholarship and discourse between lawyers, law and education practitioners and scholars. This chapter explores the law as it applies to the exercise of the right to, and the rights in education by New Zealand children and young people. It begins by tracing the history and development of the ‘free, compulsory and secular’ system of compulsory education. It will next consider the exercise by young people of particular rights within education which apply equally to educators, for example, the right not to be discriminated against. Then it touches on legislation and policy which relates particularly to the employment of those educators. It will conclude by discussing some emerging issues faced by schools and educators, and discuss the challenges and opportunities presented by modern developments to the education system as a whole and impact on every child attending school in New Zealand. Education is clearly the key to the realisation of life’s expectations and to the future of the nation, and exercise of the right to education is fundamental to the welfare of society. While often, the implementation of successive government policies may lead one to question the ideal, it is axiomatic that education is a public good. In New Zealand, it has been said that the rationale for this, since the beginnings of the education system, is contained in four key points: ‘… social control, the need for an educated electorate, investment in economic productivity, and equal individual rights

Varnham, S 2018, 'Risk and Responsibility: Liability of School Authorities for Harm to Pupils' in Trimmer, K, Dixon, R & Findlay, YS (eds), The Palgrave Handbook of Education Law for Schools, Springer International Publishing, London/Australia, pp. 59-80.
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This chapter considers the responsibility of school authorities for the physical, mental and emotional harm suffered by their pupils. It examines the potential for school liability for physical injury within the duty of care owed in the tort of negligence and the approach of the courts to what may reasonably be expected of educators particularly in light of civil liability legislation. It then considers the parameters of school liability for psychiatric harm caused by the intentional acts of others, such as bullying, cyberbullying and sexual abuse. It touches on developing initiatives towards practising citizenship and restorative practice aimed at reducing many of the threats to young people by school cultures characterised by respect and responsibility.

Varnham, S & Squelch, J 2018, 'Legal Approaches to Social Control in Australian Schools: Old Ideas and New Trends' in Deakin, J, Taylor, E & Kupchik, A (eds), The Palgrave International Handbook of School Discipline, Surveillance, and Social Control, Springer International Publishing, London, UK, pp. 105-127.
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Ensuring education in a safe environment falls inevitably on the school. As societal issues enter Australian schools as those elsewhere, there are many new threats added to the old. While legislation and policy traditionally provide the means to assist schools, questions of safety and security focus increasingly on the parameters of control and responsibility. This chapter considers social control within the frame of safety in Australian schools—from ‘traditional’ school discipline and an investigation of trends towards various forms of surveillance to current initiatives designed to reduce many of the threats to young people. These aim to develop school cultures where respect and responsibility are uppermost and which nurture the human capacity for restitution, resolution, and reconciliation.

Alexander, IJ 2018, 'Cartography, Empire and Copyright Law in Colonial Australia', law&history, vol. 5, no. 1, pp. 24-53.
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Recent scholarship has established the centrality of maps and mapmaking to the imperial project, both as expressions of surveillance, spatial construction and control, as well as in the role maps played in making and supporting claims of property and ownership. Much less attention has been paid to the question of ownership in the map itself. This is important because the person, or entity, who owned the map could determine how the land depicted in the map was portrayed, and how access to that information was disseminated. It also affected how the map was perceived in terms of the authority, or accuracy, of its claims. This article examines several disputes that arose in colonial Australia over the ownership of maps, exploring how different interests arose and came into conflict in relation to their control, dissemination and commercialisation. It suggests that a consideration of these cases reveals the role that copyright law played as a technology of empire.

Anthony, T 2018, '“They Were Treating Me Like a Dog”: The Colonial Continuum of State Harms Against Indigenous Children in Detention in the Northern Territory, Australia', State Crime Journal, vol. 7, no. 2, pp. 251-277.
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The analytic lens of state crime can inform our understanding of the mistreatment of Indigenous children and young people in settler-colonial state institutions. Based on a critical analysis of the proceedings and findings of the Royal Commission into the Protection and Detention of Children in the Northern Territory (2016–2017), this article identifies state crimes of torture and abuse inflicted on Indigenous children in carceral and non-carceral institutions. These crimes breach international human rights laws but are more than a set of individual harms. They are also part of a pattern of ongoing structural violence that reasserts the settler-colonial state's sovereign position. This article identifies that the Royal Commission itself is complicit in reproducing state sovereignty. It argues that redressing state crimes against Indigenous children requires challenging the structural injustice of the settler-colonial state.

Anthony, T 2018, 'An Interview with Associate Professor Thalia Anthony', Pandora's Box, vol. 25, pp. 69-75.
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In 2016, the nation was horrified when footage showing youth in Don Dale Juvenile Detention Centre was released, and subsequently the Royal Commission into the Protection and Detention of Children in the Northern Territory was established to investigate failings in the child protection and youth detention systems of the Territory. This article discusses the implications and consequences of that Royal Commission for the incarceration of Indigenous youth.

Anthony, T 2018, 'Policing in Redfern: Histories and Continuities', Court of Conscience, vol. 12, pp. 46-55.
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Redfern is a microcosm of many colonial and postcolonial frontiers across Australia. Colonial violence in the early nineteenth century was met with resistance by the Gadigal people and other clans of the Eora nation. State violence and Aboriginal struggle cast long shadows over Aboriginal experiences in Redfern. The wounds of injustice that lie open, especially in recent decades from policing, continue to be a focal point for local Aboriginal people and organisations. A flashpoint for the injustice in Redfern is the death of Aboriginal teenager TJ Hickey in a police chase in 2004 and the lack of subsequent accountability. This article traces the fraught history of discriminatory policing in Redfern and the ongoing plight for justice.

Anthony, T & Sherwood, J 2018, 'Post-disciplinary Responses to Positivism’s Punitiveness', Journal of Global Indigeneity, vol. 3, no. 1, pp. 1-33.
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This article posits a post-disciplinary framework to offer an alternative to the epistemological premise of positivist criminology. We seek to destabilise the punitive, deficit analysis of Indigenous people by Western, positivist Criminology. Instead, we look towards Indigenous strengths and resilience to counter deficit narratives about Indigenous people that have served to over-criminalise and over-incarcerate Indigenous peoples since colonisation. In doing so, we argue that positivist disciplinary knowledge is complicit in undermining Indigenous knowledges. We provide a case study that contrasts an institutional approach to researching ‘grog trials’ with the approach of the Tangentyere Research Hub, our ongoing research partner in Alice Springs (Central Australia). Our case study demonstrates the benefits of Tangentyere’s reliance on local Indigenous knowledges and perspectives, rather than disciplinary assumptions, for empowering, strengthening and supporting Indigenous communities and self-governance. In attempting to decolonise criminology, we advance a postdisciplinary approach that highlights questions of Indigenous wellbeing and its relationship with Indigenous self-determination over inquiries into Indigenous crime and the punitive role of the state.

Anthony, T & Tranter, K 2018, 'Travelling our way or no way!: the collision of automobilities in Australian Northern Territory judicial narratives', Griffith Law Review, vol. 27, no. 3, pp. 281-306.
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© 2019, © 2019 Griffith University. The regulation of driving and cars has taken on increasingly criminal guises. Apart from the role of insurance companies and motor vehicle registries, criminal law has stepped in to penalise drivers and car owners through more draconian measures. This article examines the problems that this presents for Indigenous drivers whose concepts of automobility are at odds with those of the nation state. It details the judicial narratives of this collision of automobilities in sentencing Indigenous drivers to argue that the Australian ‘settler state’ is continuing the practice of using mundane regulatory laws to dismantle and assimilate Indigenous communities.

Bello Villarino, J-M & Vijeyarasa, R 2018, 'The indicator fad: How quantifiable measurement can work hand-in-hand with human rights - A response to Sally Engle Merry's The Seductions of Quantification', New York University Journal of International Law and Politics, vol. 50, no. 3, pp. 985-1020.

Berg, L & Farbenblum, B 2018, 'Remedies for Migrant Worker Exploitation in Australia: Lessons from the 7-Eleven Wage Repayment Program', Melbourne Univeristy Law Review, vol. 41, no. 3, pp. 1035-1084.
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Temporary migrants comprise approximately 11% of the Australian workforce and are systemically underpaid across a range of industries. The most vulnerable of these workers (including international students and backpackers) rarely successfully recover unpaid wages and entitlements. In 2015, media revealed systematic exploitation of 7-Eleven's international student workforce, reflecting practices that have since been identified in other major Australian franchises. In an unprecedented response, 7-Eleven head office established a wage repayment program, which operated until February 2017. As of mid- 2017, the program had determined claims worth over $150 million - by far the highest rectification of unpaid wages in Australian history. Drawing on interviews with international students and a range of stakeholders across Australia, this article uses 7-Eleven as a case study to illuminate systemic barriers that prevent temporary migrants from accessing remedies for unpaid entitlements within existing legal and institutional frameworks. We identify the unique attributes of the 7-Eleven wage repayment program that have contributed to its unusual accessibility and efficacy, and which may point to conditions needed to improve temporary migrants' access to justice through state-based institutions and business-led redress processes.

Booth, T 2018, 'Victim Impact Statements and Sentencing Homicide Offenders: A Critical Analysis of Recent Changes to the Crimes (Sentencing Procedure) Act 1999 (NSW)', University of New South Wales Law Journal, vol. 41, no. 1, pp. 130-156.
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The use of victim impact statements (‘VISs’) from family victims in homicide matters, particularly as evidence of aggravating factors, is contentious in NSW courts. Until July 2014, the law prevented VISs influencing penalties imposed on homicide offenders (Previtera). However, the Crimes (Sentencing Procedure) Act 1999 was amended in 2014 in order to overrule Previtera and enable VISs to ‘count’ in sentencing homicide offenders. This article draws on a case study of 39 homicide sentencing judgments, July 2014–April 2017, to determine whether, and if so the extent to which, the new law has changed the role of VISs from family victims in sentencing. It also considers the practical implications of these findings for future family victims and argues that not only has the new law made little practical difference to the use of VISs in homicide matters, but there are also potential adverse consequences for family victims in the sentencing process.

Booth, T, Bosma, AK & Lens, KME 2018, 'Accommodating the Expressive Function of Victim Impact Statements: The Scope for Victims’ Voices in Dutch Courtrooms', The British Journal of Criminology, vol. 58, no. 6, pp. 1480-1498.
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The expressive function of victim impact statements (VISs) enables victims to have a voice in legal proceedings—to speak and be heard about the harm caused by the offence. VISs have been adopted in many jurisdictions. While research reveals legal and institutional constraints on the expressive function of VISs in many jurisdictions with adversarial proceedings, we know little about the implementation of VISs in inquisitorial systems. We address this gap by reporting findings of an observational study that examines the scope for victims’ voices in criminal legal proceedings in the Netherlands. We find that these proceedings are better adapted to accommodate the expressive function of VISs. There is greater scope for victims to speak and be heard through their VISs.

Bowley, R 2018, 'An Analysis of Challenges to ASIC's s 920A Banning Orders against Financial Services Providers in the AAT and the Courts', COMPANY AND SECURITIES LAW JOURNAL, vol. 36, no. 4, pp. 307-341.
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Section 920A of the Corporations Act 2001 (Cth) provides ASIC with a flexible power to ban individuals from the Australian financial services industry on a number of grounds. The objective of this power is to protect consumers through upholding compliance with the law and adherence to professional standards. Banned individuals may apply to the Administrative Appeals Tribunal (AAT) to review the merits of such decisions, and on limited points of law such cases may be further appealed to the Federal Court of Australia (FCA). This article analyses the practice of the AAT and the FCA in determining challenges to s 920A banning orders. The 50 AAT cases examined in the article provide interesting examples of misconduct by financial advisers, stockbrokers and traders, insurance brokers and operators of investment schemes. The article shows that whilst the AAT has shown a flexible approach in considering the circumstances of each banning (setting aside four bans and varying the length of 15 bans), it has nevertheless exhibited a firm approach in the other 31 cases in affirming bans following serious misconduct. The article concludes by suggesting some minor reforms to further enhance the range of protective enforcement tools available to ASIC.

Brennan, D 2018, 'The Copyright Tribunal as Exception-maker: Are Both Flexibility and Certainty Achievable?', Australian Intellectual Property Journal, vol. 28, no. 3, pp. 83-96.
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This article proposes an approach to address the current fair use impasse in Australia. This is by the conferral of delegated legislative power upon the Copyright Tribunal of Australia for it to periodically determine new public interest exceptions. The reform would require, for separation of powers reasons, that the Tribunal be reconstituted to perform such a legislative function. The proposal is one that navigates a course between the current law and the open slather adoption of US-style fair use recommended by the Australian Law Reform Commission by creating a public interest rulemaking power within an existing Australian copyright institution. It is also proposed to use as the vehicle for the delegation of power an overhauled s 200AB, so that the three-step test no longer nakedly applies in domestic law, but instead operates as criteria to inform the legislative choices of the Tribunal.

Brophy, L, Edan, V, Gooding, P, McSherry, B, Burkett, T, Carey, S, Carroll, A, Callaghan, S, Finch, A, Hansford, M, Hanson, S, Kisely, S, Lawn, S, Light, E, Maher, S, Patel, G, Ryan, CJ, Saltmarsh, K, Stratford, A, Tellez, JJ, Toko, M & Weller, P 2018, 'Community treatment orders: towards a new research agenda', Australasian Psychiatry, vol. 26, no. 3, pp. 299-302.
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Objectives: The aim of this study was to report on a half-day multi-stakeholder symposium on community treatment orders (CTOs) hosted by the Melbourne Social Equity Institute (MSEI), which identified research gaps and opportunities, and produced an agreed agenda for future CTO research. Methods: The MSEI convened a symposium for 22 experts in CTO research to discuss research priorities in this field in Australasia. An independent moderator elicited views and recommendations and produced a report detailing possible research projects. Results: Research on CTOs is contentious and there is a need to gather and examine information regarding both their use and utility. Due to the complexities involved, it was agreed that research should be undertaken in partnership with persons with had lived experience of mental health problems, clinicians, policymakers and other interdisciplinary stakeholders. Five key areas for future investigation were identified. Conclusions: The issues and recommendations arising from the symposium should shape the scope, nature and conduct of future research directions in the field.

Burns, M 2018, 'Are We There Yet? Indigenous Cultural Competency in Legal Education', Legal Education Review, vol. 28, no. 2.
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The Indigenous Cultural Competency for Legal Academics Program (ICCLAP) was designed to promote the incorporation of Indigenous cultural competency (ICC) in legal education with a view to creating inclusive learning environments for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander law students, and to build ICC in all students. This paper will discuss the project’s activities and key findings from the literature review, consultation process and survey of law schools on the current state of play with respect to embedding ICC in legal curricula. These findings set out barriers and constraints, critical success factors, and guiding principles for embedding ICC in law programs. It concludes by emphasising the need for ICC to be developed in collaboration with local Indigenous communities, recognising the place-based nature of Indigenous knowledges, and within a framework of legal pluralism.

Burns, M, Young, S & Nielsen, J 2018, '‘The Difficulties of Communication Encountered by Indigenous Peoples’: Moving Beyond Indigenous Deficit in the Model Admission Rules for Legal Practitioners', Legal Education Review, vol. 28, no. 2.
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The Law Admissions Consultative Committee’s Model Admission Rules 2015 require new practising lawyers to have an ‘awareness’ of the difficulties of communication attributable to cultural differences, including ‘the difficulties of communication encountered by Indigenous peoples’ (LACC: 31). While there is no doubt that effective cross-communication is essential to providing ethical legal representation for clients from diverse cultural backgrounds, this paper will argue that in the context of the First Peoples of Australia greater regulatory attention to these issues is urgently needed and that the ‘difficulties of communication’ need to be framed differently. Numerous reports and inquiries have shown that First Peoples’ encounters with the Australian legal system are fraught with a lack of cultural understanding on the part of non-Indigenous legal actors. Given the ongoing and systemic over-representation of First Peoples in the criminal justice system and child protection regimes, there is a critical need for lawyers to develop Indigenous cultural competency as one step towards addressing this gross injustice, and making the Australian legal system more responsive to the needs and aspirations of First Peoples. Canadian developments, particularly in the wake of the final report of the Truth and Reconciliation Commission, underline the scale and significance of this need, and provide some broader context for a reconsideration of legal education and professional admission requirements in Australia. This paper will argue that Indigenous cultural competency should be a mandatory requirement for admission to legal practice in Australia, and that the ‘deficit discourse’ on First Peoples’ engagement with the legal system must be discarded, to ensure that legal ethical and professional responsibilities are inclusive of the needs of First Peoples.

Cadwallader, JR, Spivakovsky, C, Steele, L & Wadiwel, D 2018, 'Institutional Violence against People with Disability: Recent Legal and Political Developments', Current Issues in Criminal Justice, vol. 29, no. 3, pp. 259-272.
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International and Australian domestic evidence suggest that the prevalence of violence against people with disability is substantially higher than for the rest of the community. Much of the violence experienced by people with disability in Australia occurs within the purview of a variety of institutions, including group homes, large residential institutions, Australian Disability Enterprises (that is, disability employment facilities), schools, psychiatric facilities, hospitals and correctional facilities. This comment discusses recent domestic and international legal and political attempts to grapple with the issue of institutional violence against people with disability, focusing in particular on a series of Senate Committee inquiries into abuse and violence, regulation related to the National Disability Insurance Scheme, the coming into force of the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities, Australia’s anticipated ratification of the Optional Protocol to the Convention Against Torture and recent calls by Disability People’s Organisations and academics for a Royal Commission into violence against people with disability.

Carney, T 2018, 'Vulnerability: False hope for vulnerable social security clients?', University of New South Wales Law Journal, vol. 41, no. 3, pp. 783-817.
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This article reviews the concept of vulnerability and examines its salience for selected aspects of Australian social security. It argues that vulnerability is a welcome shift from individual to relational thinking, of particular relevance to measurement of deprivation and richer transformations of delivery of welfare services (and access to social and informal support). Vulnerability is a productive analytical lens for better understanding aspects of law and policy, but remains too capacious and ill-defined to provide more than false hope in substantive reform of social security law.

Cheng, K, Wand, A, Ryan, C & Callaghan, S 2018, 'An algorithm for managing adults who refuse medical treatment in New South Wales', Australasian Psychiatry, vol. 26, no. 5, pp. 464-468.
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Objectives: The assessment and management of a patient who refuses medical treatment requires clinical skill, and consideration of the relevant law and the patient’s decision-making capacity. Psychiatrists are often asked to advise in these situations. We aimed to develop an algorithm describing the relevant legal pathways to assist clinicians, especially psychiatrists, working in New South Wales (NSW), Australia. Methods: We reviewed the academic literature on treatment refusal, relevant legislation, judicial rulings and NSW Health policy directives and guidelines. We consulted with clinicians and representatives of relevant tribunals. Results: We developed an algorithm for managing patients who refuse medical treatment in NSW. The algorithm emphases the evaluation of decision-making capacity and tracks separate pathways depending upon a person’s status under the Mental Health Act 2007 (NSW). Conclusions: The algorithm provides a clear decision tree for clinicians responding to a patient refusing medical treatment in NSW.

Chiarella, M, Nagy, M, Satchell, CS, Walton, M, Carney, T, Bennett, B, Pierce, SM & Kelly, PJ 2018, 'National Registration of Health Practitioners: A Comparative Study of the Complaints and Notification System Under the National System and in New South Wales – Decision Makers who Handle Complaints/Notifications About Regulated Health Practitioners in Australia', Australian Journal of Public Administration, vol. 77, no. 4, pp. 624-643.
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AbstractWhen the National Registration and Accreditation Scheme (NRAS) for health practitioners commenced in Australia in 2010, all jurisdictions joined the scheme for the registration and accreditation of health practitioners, but NSW retained its existing co‐regulatory complaint‐handling system. We sought to compare the new National notifications and the NSW complaints handling processes, as NSW has an independent investigative and prosecutory body to manage serious complaints. Decision makers from both the National and NSW schemes, who handled notifications/complaints at assessment, were invited to participate in a survey consisting of case studies. A qualitative thematic approach was used to determine and compare contributing factors to decision makers’ priorities when assessing a notification/complaint for the National and NSW schemes. The 123 completed surveys comprised 50 NSW respondents and 73 National respondents from the other jurisdictions. No consistent differences in contributory factors when assessing a complaint/notification were observed between the two schemes. This evidence points towards national consistency in decisions about assessment of complaints and notifications in Australia.

Chiarella, M, Satchell, CS, Nagy, M, Carney, T, Walton, M, Bennett, B & Kelly, PJ 2018, 'Survey of Quasi-Judicial Decision-Makers in NSW and The National Registration Scheme for Health Practitioners.', J Law Med, vol. 25, no. 2, pp. 357-379.
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This study is part of a larger, Australian Research Council-funded project studying comparative analyses of complaints and notification handling between the NSW system and National Registration and Accreditation Scheme (2010). This article explores the assessments and decisions made by Tribunal and other quasi-judicial decision-makers involved in the two schemes, including the key decision-management stages during a disciplinary process. Respondents recruited from both systems completed an online questionnaire comprising a series of closed and open-ended questions to case vignettes. While we found no significant difference between jurisdictions in relation to their decision-making processes in this case, the article provides insights into the rationales for their decisions and the outcomes or sanctions selected by decision-makers as being appropriate to the circumstances presented.

Connor, T, Ries, N, Ross, N, Sobel-Read, K & Matas, D 2018, 'Becoming Global Citizens and Global Lawyers: Incorporating International Work and Study Experiences into the Australian Law School Curriculum', Clinical Law Review: a journal of lawyering and legal education, vol. 25, no. 1, pp. 63-94.
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Much of the literature on global citizenship education asserts aperceived tension between “neoliberal cosmopolitanism” (enhancingstudents’ employability) and “critical democratic cosmopolitanism”(enhancing students’ critical understanding of cultural diversity andpolitical and economic inequality). Lilley, Barker and Harris recentlyargued these two approaches need not necessarily be in tension be-cause employers value the skills developed through more criticalapproaches.This article analyzes the reflective journals of 39 Australian lawstudents who participated in intensive work and study experiences inIndo-Pacific countries. The students’ journals lend further weight tothe thesis of Lilley, Barker and Harris, here specifically in regard tolaw studies. In line with the goals of “critical democratic cosmopoli-tanism,” the overseas experiences motivated the students to becomemore open-minded, self-critical and reflective in their thinking, andmore confident, respectful and empathetic in their interactions withpeople of different cultures. A number of recent studies have indi-cated these kinds of skills and attributes are highly valued by employ-ers of law graduates. For the law students, rather than identifying atension between their ambition to become global lawyers and the re-sponsibilities associated with global citizenship, the overseas exper-iences instead led them to frame their understanding of globallawyering in terms of positive global citizenship.

Crofts, P 2018, 'Monsters and Horror in the Australian Royal Commission into Institutional Responses to Child Sexual Abuse', Law & Literature, vol. 30, no. 1, pp. 123-148.
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This article analyses how the Australian Royal Commission into Institutional Reponses to Child Sexual Abuse negotiates the figure of the pedophile as monster through the horror genre. It analyses the resonance of the category of pedophiles as monsters or monstrous and the ways in which this impacted upon witnesses’ responses to sex offenders, based on assumptions that monsters are outsiders or strangers who are instantly recognizable. I go on to explore the claim that one of the main effects of regarding sex offenders as monsters is that these offenders are construed as having extraordinary powers so that ordinary measures to stop them would be ineffective – accordingly, this reading underplays the significance of institutional responsibility. I conclude that although the Royal Commission consistently undermines and rejects the idea of sex offenders as monsters, a horror reading is still appropriate and insightful. The true “horror” of the Royal Commission is aroused not by the figurative monsters but by the institutions themselves, and their failures.

Dadaev, T, Saunders, EJ, Newcombe, PJ, Anokian, E, Leongamornlert, DA, Brook, MN, Cieza-Borrella, C, Mijuskovic, M, Wakerell, S, Olama, AAA, Schumacher, FR, Berndt, SI, Benlloch, S, Ahmed, M, Goh, C, Sheng, X, Zhang, Z, Muir, K, Govindasami, K, Lophatananon, A, Stevens, VL, Gapstur, SM, Carter, BD, Tangen, CM, Goodman, P, Thompson, IM, Batra, J, Chambers, S, Moya, L, Clements, J, Horvath, L, Tilley, W, Risbridger, G, Gronberg, H, Aly, M, Nordström, T, Pharoah, P, Pashayan, N, Schleutker, J, Tammela, TLJ, Sipeky, C, Auvinen, A, Albanes, D, Weinstein, S, Wolk, A, Hakansson, N, West, C, Dunning, AM, Burnet, N, Mucci, L, Giovannucci, E, Andriole, G, Cussenot, O, Cancel-Tassin, G, Koutros, S, Freeman, LEB, Sorensen, KD, Orntoft, TF, Borre, M, Maehle, L, Grindedal, EM, Neal, DE, Donovan, JL, Hamdy, FC, Martin, RM, Travis, RC, Key, TJ, Hamilton, RJ, Fleshner, NE, Finelli, A, Ingles, SA, Stern, MC, Rosenstein, B, Kerns, S, Ostrer, H, Lu, Y-J, Zhang, H-W, Feng, N, Mao, X, Guo, X, Wang, G, Sun, Z, Giles, GG, Southey, MC, MacInnis, RJ, FitzGerald, LM, Kibel, AS, Drake, BF, Vega, A, Gómez-Caamaño, A, Fachal, L, Szulkin, R, Eklund, M, Kogevinas, M, Llorca, J, Castaño-Vinyals, G, Penney, KL, Stampfer, M, Park, JY, Sellers, TA, Lin, H-Y, Stanford, JL, Cybulski, C, Wokolorczyk, D, Lubinski, J, Ostrander, EA, Geybels, MS, Nordestgaard, BG, Nielsen, SF, Weisher, M, Bisbjerg, R, Røder, MA, Iversen, P, Brenner, H, Cuk, K, Holleczek, B, Maier, C, Luedeke, M, Schnoeller, T, Kim, J, Logothetis, CJ, John, EM, Teixeira, MR, Paulo, P, Cardoso, M, Neuhausen, SL, Steele, L, Ding, YC, De Ruyck, K, De Meerleer, G, Ost, P, Razack, A, Lim, J, Teo, S-H, Lin, DW, Newcomb, LF, Lessel, D, Gamulin, M, Kulis, T, Kaneva, R, Usmani, N, Slavov, C, Mitev, V, Parliament, M, Singhal, S, Claessens, F, Joniau, S, Van den Broeck, T, Larkin, S, Townsend, PA, Aukim-Hastie, C, Gago-Dominguez, M, Castelao, JE, Martinez, ME, Roobol, MJ, Jenster, G, van Schaik, RHN, Menegaux, F, Truong, T, Koudou, YA, Xu, J, Khaw, K-T, Cannon-Albright, L, Pandha, H, Michael, A, Kierzek, A, Thibodeau, SN, McDonnell, SK, Schaid, DJ, Lindstrom, S, Turman, C, Ma, J, Hunter, DJ, Riboli, E, Siddiq, A, Canzian, F, Kolonel, LN, Le Marchand, L, Hoover, RN, Machiela, MJ, Kraft, P, Cook, M, Thwaites, A, Guy, M, Whitmore, I, Morgan, A, Fisher, C, Hazel, S, Livni, N, Spurdle, A, Srinivasan, S, Kedda, M-A & et al. 2018, 'Fine-mapping of prostate cancer susceptibility loci in a large meta-analysis identifies candidate causal variants', Nature Communications, vol. 9, no. 1, pp. 2256-2256.
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AbstractProstate cancer is a polygenic disease with a large heritable component. A number of common, low-penetrance prostate cancer risk loci have been identified through GWAS. Here we apply the Bayesian multivariate variable selection algorithm JAM to fine-map 84 prostate cancer susceptibility loci, using summary data from a large European ancestry meta-analysis. We observe evidence for multiple independent signals at 12 regions and 99 risk signals overall. Only 15 original GWAS tag SNPs remain among the catalogue of candidate variants identified; the remainder are replaced by more likely candidates. Biological annotation of our credible set of variants indicates significant enrichment within promoter and enhancer elements, and transcription factor-binding sites, including AR, ERG and FOXA1. In 40 regions at least one variant is colocalised with an eQTL in prostate cancer tissue. The refined set of candidate variants substantially increase the proportion of familial relative risk explained by these known susceptibility regions, which highlights the importance of fine-mapping studies and has implications for clinical risk profiling.

Dehm, S & Millbank, J 2018, 'Witchcraft Accusations as Gendered Persecution in Refugee Law', Social & Legal Studies, vol. 28, no. 2, pp. 202-226.
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Witchcraft-related violence (WRV), in particular directed towards women and children, has become a source of increasing concern for human rights organizations in the current century. Yet for those fleeing WRV, this heightened attention has not translated across into refugee status. This research examines how claims of WRV were addressed in all available asylum decisions in English, drawn from five jurisdictions. We argue that WRV is a manifestation of gender-related harm; one which exposes major failings in the application of refugee jurisprudence. Inattention to the religious and organizational elements of witchcraft practices, combined with gender insensitivity in analysis, meant that claims were frequently reconfigured by decision makers as personal grudges, or family or community disputes, such that they were not cognizable harms within the terms of the Refugee Convention; or they were simply disbelieved as far-fetched. The success rate of claims was low, compared to available averages, and, when successful, claims were universally accepted on some basis other than the witchcraft element of the case. This article focuses in particular upon cases where the applicant feared harm as an accused witch, while a second related article addresses those fearing persecution from witches or through the medium of witchcraft.

Dehm, S & Vogl, A 2018, 'Migration Law and Women: Gendering Australia's Migration Program', Precedent, no. 144 (January/February 2018), pp. 22-27.
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In this article, we use two case studies – the admission ofskilled migrants under the Temporary Work (Skilled) visa(subclass 457) scheme and the admission of refugees underAustralia’s onshore humanitarian program – to understandthe gendered nature, operation and effects of Australianmigration law more generally. These two case studies revealthat the gendered nature of migration to Australia is evidentin even the most cursory examination of particular visacategories and forms of migration, even if the experiences ofand implications for women migrants differ across differentstreams of migration and specific visa categories. Forexample, female temporary skilled migrants are more likely tobe over-represented in low-paid or casualised care industries,as nurses or carers, and women asylum seekers face risksof gendered violence when crossing borders unlawfully.

Dietz, HP & Callaghan, S 2018, 'We need to treat pregnant women as adults', Australian and New Zealand Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, vol. 58, no. 6, pp. 701-703.
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Since the mid‐90s, Australian law has required doctors to disclose material risks of proposed treatment. Medical practitioners have had two decades to adapt, and, by and large, patient autonomy is acknowledged and respected by obtaining ‘informed consent’. While problems with obtaining consent do surface in medico‐legal litigation, practitioners are generally aware of the need to do so and usually comply with requirements. However, not in obstetrics. Here, even if material risk of a serious adverse event in an attempt at vaginal birth in a given case is over 50% (as it would be in the case of a 35‐year‐old primigravida at 41 + 3) obtaining informed consent is the exception rather than the rule. This degree of paternalism is not just unethical and immoral. It is illegal – and it needs to change.

Ding, YC, Adamson, AW, Steele, L, Bailis, AM, John, EM, Tomlinson, G & Neuhausen, SL 2018, 'Discovery of mutations in homologous recombination genes in African-American women with breast cancer', Familial Cancer, vol. 17, no. 2, pp. 187-195.
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Flanagan, F & Stilwell, F 2018, 'Causes and consequences of labour’s falling income share and growing inequality', Journal of Australian Political Economy, vol. 2018, no. 81, pp. 5-10.

George Lafferty & Shaunnagh Dorsett 2018, 'Surviving on the Brink: New Zealand Workers, Unions and Employment Relations, 1991–2008', Labour History, vol. 115, no. 115, pp. 67-67.
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© 2018 Australian Society for the Study of Labour History, Inc. New Zealand's Fourth Labour Government (1984-90) implemented a remarkably rapid process of economic privatisation, decentralisation and deregulation. However, it was only under the National Party Government (1990-99) that this process was extended comprehensively to employment relations, with its Employment Contracts Act 1991 (ECA). The ECA had devastating impacts on union membership, collective bargaining and employment conditions. The election of a Labour-led government in 1999, followed by its Employment Relations Act 2000 (ERA), promised a less hostile climate for workers and unions. This paper examines employment relations in New Zealand under these two legislative regimes, from 1991 to 2008. First, it evaluates how the ECA's largely decentralised, deregulated environment transformed employment relations and how workers, unions and employers responded to it. Second, it assesses how the ERA contributed to a cultural change that encouraged workers, unions and employers to develop more strategic approaches to employment relations. It illustrates how this change, coupled with the introduction of important statutory entitlements for all workers, helped to prevent any resurgence of the right-wing politics that fuelled the ECA.

Ghezelbash, D, Moreno-Lax, V, Klein, N & Opeskin, B 2018, 'Securitization of Search and Rescue at Sea: The Response to Boat Migration in the Mediterranean and Offshore Australia', International and Comparative Law Quarterly, vol. 67, no. 2, pp. 315-351.
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AbstractThis article compares the law and practice of the European Union and Australia in respect to the search and rescue (SAR) of boat migrants, concluding that the response to individuals in peril at sea in both jurisdictions is becoming increasingly securitized. This has led to the humanitarian purpose of SAR being compromised in the name of border security. Part I contrasts the unique challenge posed by SAR operations involving migrants and asylum seekers, as opposed to other people in distress at sea. Part II analyses the relevant international legal regime governing SAR activities and its operation among European States and in offshore Australia. Part III introduces the securitization framework as the explanatory paradigm for shifting State practice and its impact in Europe and Australia. It then examines the consequences of increasing securitization of SAR in both jurisdictions and identifies common trends, including an increase in militarization and criminalization, a lack of transparency and accountability, developments relating to disembarkation andnon-refoulement, and challenges relating to cooperation and commodification.

Goldblatt, B & Rai, SM 2018, 'Recognizing the Full Costs of Care? Compensation for Families in South Africa’s Silicosis Class Action', Social & Legal Studies, vol. 27, no. 6, pp. 671-694.
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This article concerns recognition and compensation of the intimate, gendered work of caring by family members for workers who became ill with lung diseases as a result of poor labour conditions in the mines in South Africa. It focuses on a recent decision by a court in South Africa ( Nkala and Others v. Harmony Gold Mining Company Limited and Others, 2016) that took the unusual step of acknowledging this care work and attempting to compensate it indirectly. The article combines insights from political economy and law within a feminist frame to develop an argument about compensation for social reproductive work to address the harm experienced by the carers of mineworkers. Using the theory of depletion through social reproduction, it suggests ways of understanding the costs of care in order to fully compensate the harms suffered by the carers. This is done with reference to a photographic essay by Thom Pierce called ‘The Price of Gold’ taken in the mineworkers’ homes after their discharge from work due to illness. The article argues that ideas of depletion should inform any consideration of compensation of people engaged in caring in a range of reparatory contexts.

Greenleaf, G, Mowbray, A & Chung, P 2018, 'Building sustainable free legal advisory systems: Experiences from the history of AI & law', Computer Law & Security Review, vol. 34, no. 2, pp. 314-326.
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© 2018 Graham Greenleaf, Andrew Mowbray & Philip Chung The enthusiasm for artificial intelligence (AI) as a source of solutions to problems is not new. In law, from the early 1980s until at least the early 2000s, considerable work was done on developing ‘legal expert systems.’ As the DataLex project, we participated in those developments, through research and publications, commercial and non-commercial systems, and teaching students application development. This paper commences with a brief account of that work to situate our perspective. The main aim of this paper is an assessment of what might be of value from the experience of the DataLex Project to contemporary use of ‘AI and law’ by free legal advice services, who must necessarily work within funding and other constraints in developing and sustaining such systems. We draw fifteen conclusions from this experience, which we consider are relevant to development of systems for free legal advice services. The desired result, we argue, is the development of integrated legal decision-support systems, not ‘expert systems’ or ‘robot lawyers’. We compare our insights with the approach of the leading recent text in the field, and with a critical review of the field over twenty-five years. We conclude that the approach taken by the DataLex Project, and now applied to free legal advice services, remains consistent with leading work in field of AI and law. The paper concludes with brief suggestions of what are the most desirable improvements to tools and platforms to enable development of free legal advice systems. The objectives of free access to legal information services have much in common with those of free legal advice services. The information resources that free access to law providers (including LIIs) can provide will often be those that free legal advice services will need to use to develop and sustain free legal advisory systems. There is therefore strong potential for valuable collaborations between ...

GREENMAN, K 2018, 'Aliens in Latin America: Intervention, Arbitration and State Responsibility for Rebels', Leiden Journal of International Law, vol. 31, no. 3, pp. 617-639.
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AbstractOver the course of the nineteenth century, the question of state responsibility for injuries done by rebels to foreign nationals, or ‘aliens’, in its territory became an important one for international law. Initially, it was common for disputes regarding such responsibility to be resolved through diplomacy, backed up, not infrequently, by the threat and even the use of force. Later it became a matter which also led increasingly to arbitration; beginning around the middle of the nineteenth century a growing number of arbitral tribunals dealt with claims against states for injuries done to aliens by rebels. From the first, established in 1839, there followed a series of 40 mixed claims commissions which touched on state responsibility for rebels. Nearly three-quarters of these arbitrations involved a Western state against one of the new Latin American republics. In this article, I explore how intervention in Latin America, and particularly its turn to arbitration, produced the highly-contested doctrine of state responsibility for rebels. Reading this history in the context of decolonization, capitalist expansion and economic imperialism in Latin America, I argue that the doctrine of state responsibility for rebels was produced out of and used to manage the transition from old colonialism to new imperialism in the region so as to guarantee foreign trade and investment. Understanding this history, I argue, helps us to put back together the pieces of alien protection which fragmented after 1945 and illuminates how international law continues to protect foreign investment against rebels in the decolonized world.

Grossi, R 2018, 'Love as a Disadvantage in Law', Journal of Law and Society, vol. 45, no. 2, pp. 205-225.
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Hawes, C 2018, 'How Chinese Judges Deal with Ambiguity in Corporate Law: Suggestions for Improving the Chinese Case Precedent System', Australian Journal of Asian Law First Look, vol. 19, no. 1, pp. 1-22.
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This paper examines how Chinese judges struggle with ambiguity in legal statutes. I contrast the typical tools used by common law judges to resolve ambiguity with equivalent methods used by Chinese courts, noting that both interpretive systems have serious limitations, leading to unfairness in some cases. I then demonstrate the defects of the current Chinese approach by critically reviewing a series of Chinese court judgments on the shareholder’s right to seek information in the PRC Company Law. Despite the recently implemented Guiding Cases system, Chinese courts still regularly produce inconsistent interpretations of the same legal provisions, leading to unpredictable and unsatisfactory outcomes for litigants. To solve this problem, in the third part, I propose delegating publication of persuasive Guiding Cases to the level of regional High Courts, with the Supreme People’s Court only stepping in to resolve intra-regional inconsistency. I also recommend clarifying the rules for using online judgments drawn from the China Judgments Network as a supplement to the Guiding Cases. This modification would make the Guiding Case system much more responsive to interpretive gaps in the law, and it would assist individual judges struggling to resolve difficult legal disputes.

Heino, B 2018, 'Extended Book Review: Towards a queer Marxism: Holly Lewis on the terms of the dialogue', Capital & Class, vol. 42, no. 3, pp. 559-562.
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Hohmann, J 2018, '‘Resisting Dehumanising Housing Policy: The Case for a Right to Housing in England’', Queen Mary Human Rights Law Review, vol. 4, no. 1, pp. 1-26.
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This article surveys the development and politics of English housing policy from the 1800s to the present, arguing that housing policy has never placed the needs and interests of the dweller – as a human rights holder – at its centre. Rather, the individual has been an instrument of broader goals or social visions, or envisaged not as a human being per se, but as a productive and pacified worker, a self-regulating and responsible asset holder, or a savvy financial actor whose quest to climb the housing ladder will generate asset wealth and security for herself, and for the state as a whole. The article argues that the right to housing as a human right can act as a touchstone and rallying cry for a more positive housing policy; one that places the equal dignity and moral worth of the person at the centre of all policy questions.

Hook, S & Jones, B 2018, 'Edward Smith Hall and the Introduction of Jury Trials to New South Wales', Journal of Australian Colonial History, vol. 20, pp. 43-43.

Howe, J, Berg, L & Farbenblum, B 2018, 'Unfair Dismissal Law and Temporary Migrant Labour in Australia', Federal Law Review, vol. 46, no. 1, pp. 19-48.
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AbstractIncreasing attention is being given to the exploitation of temporary migrant workers in Australia, in particular in relation to wage underpayments. But very little focus has been given to the ability of temporary migrant workers to access legal remedies under Australian employment law. This article examines whether temporary migrant workers are able to make and pursue a claim for unfair dismissal within the federal jurisdiction. As unfair dismissal law seeks to protect job security and provides an essential check on managerial prerogative, it is important that temporary migrant workers are able to access this legal avenue to protect them from arbitrary dismissal. We argue there are serious deficiencies in the application, coverage and content of federal unfair dismissal law in relation to temporary migrant workers in Australia.

Howe, J, Berg, L & Farbenblum, B 2018, 'Unfair Dismissal Law and Temporary Migrant Labour in Australia', Federal Law Review, vol. 46, no. 1, pp. 19-48.
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Increasing attention is being given to the exploitation of temporary migrant workers in Australia, in particular in relation to wage underpayments. But very little focus has been given to the ability of temporary migrant workers to access legal remedies under Australian employment law. This article examines whether temporary migrant workers are able to make and pursue a claim for unfair dismissal within the federal jurisdiction. As unfair dismissal law seeks to protect job security and provides an essential check on managerial prerogative, it is important that temporary migrant workers are able to access this legal avenue to protect them from arbitrary dismissal. We argue there are serious deficiencies in the application, coverage and content of federal unfair dismissal law in relation to temporary migrant workers in Australia.

Karpin, I 2018, 'Vulnerability and the Intergenerational Transmission of Psychosocial Harm', Emory Law Journal, vol. 67, no. 6, pp. 1115-1134.
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In the field of science known as the developmental origins of health and disease (DOHaD), there is an emergent body of research examining the biological impact of the psychosocial dimension of harm resulting from sexual and physical abuse. A particular focus has been the way these assaults, when enacted against women, cause levels of stress that can have a biological impact on their future children. In the following Parts, I take a close look at scientific studies that reveal an intergenerational impact resulting from harms perpetrated on a woman prior to the conception and birth of her children, with a particular focus on the impact of stress. I consider the way law might play a role in mediating or mitigating those harms using a vulnerability and inevitable dependency approach derived from Martha Fineman’s body of work.

Kirkby, D 2018, 'EDITORIAL', Labour History, no. 115.
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Lea, M, Beaupert, F, Bevan, N, Celermajer, D, Gooding, P, Minty, R, Phillips, E, Spivakovsky, C, Steele, L, Wadiwel, DJ & Weller, PJ 2018, 'A disability aware approach to torture prevention? Australian OPCAT ratification and improved protections for people with disability', Australian Journal of Human Rights, vol. 24, no. 1, pp. 70-96.
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© 2018 Australian Journal of Human Rights. In 2017, Australia ratified the Optional Protocol to the Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment (OPCAT). Ratification of OPCAT presents a. unique opportunity to highlight the institutional treatment of people with disability i. range of sites of detention within Australia and build on advancing international protections for people with disability, including those articulated in the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (CRPD). This article considers the opportunity presented by OPCAT for improving protections for people with disability against torture and ill-treatment. The article argues for an expansive definition of ‘sites of detention’ that is able to encapsulate both disability-specific and mainstream settings in which people with disability may be deprived of their liberty, as well as to address specific practices such as the use of mechanical restraint, chemical restraint and seclusion. Based on an analysis of international National Preventive Mechanism (NPM) models, it is further argued that people with disability, their representative bodies and other civil society actors must be meaningfully involved in NPM processes, including in the monitoring of sites of detention, and the identification of systemic issues affecting people with disability with lived experience of detention.

Leary, D 2018, 'Marine Genetic Resources in Areas beyond National Jurisdiction: Do We Need to Regulate Them in a New Agreement?', Maritime Safety and Security Law Journal, no. 5, pp. 22-47.
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This paper seeks to question the prevailing orthodoxy on the need for the ‘package deal’ on the proposed international legally-binding instrument under UNCLOS on the conservation and sustainable use of marine biological diversity of areas beyond national jurisdiction to address marine genetic resources, including questions relating to access and benefit sharing. Through an examination of key documents and reports prepared over the past two decades, the first part of this paper will show that there has been little hard commercial evidence brought forward during debates at the United Nations to justify the inclusion of the marine genetic resources issue within the ‘package deal’. In light of that analysis, the second part of the paper will then go on to offer some initial thoughts on the various options for regulating access and benefit sharing in relation to marine genetic resources in areas beyond national jurisdiction that have been floated during the initial phase of negotiations. In particular, the second part of this paper examines the possible elements of a draft text of an international legally binding instrument set out in the chairs non-paper considered at the 3rd session of the Preparatory Committee established by General Assembly Resolution 69/292. The paper does not seek to trace the extent to which aspects of the chairs non-paper ultimately were contained in the Prep Comm’s final report to the United Nations General Assembly in late 2017. These negotiations are still ongoing and nothing definitive can be read into what was present or absent from that report. Instead, this analysis highlights which proposed elements of the international legally binding instrument would be the preferable outcome from these negotiations in light of the lack of evidence of commercial interest in marine genetic resources in areas beyond national jurisdiction.

Lenta, P 2018, 'Amnesty and Retribution', Public Affairs Quarterly, vol. 32, no. 2, pp. 119-139.
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This paper addresses the relationship between amnesty granted to perpetrators of serious human rights abuses and retributivism. It rebuts arguments advanced by Dan Markel and Lucy Allais in support of their claim that the granting of conditional amnesty – amnesty in exchange for perpetrators’ confessing to, and disclosing the details of, their wrongdoing – by the South African Truth and Reconciliation (TRC) was consistent with retributivism. Markel contends that conditional amnesty was perfectly in line with recipients’ desert, while Allais submits that the TRC secured as much retribution as was possible in the circumstances of South Africa’s democratic transition. The argument of the paper is that, while retributivists have good reasons to view conditional amnesty as justified, the reasons provided by Markel and Allais are not among them.

Lenta, P 2018, 'The ‘reasonable corporal punishment’defence struck down: YG v S', South African Law Journal, vol. 135, pp. 205-219.
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INTRODUCTION In YG v S 2018 (1) SACR 64 (GJ) the Gauteng Local Division, Johannesburg, declared the common-law defence of ‘reasonable corporal punishment’ (‘the defence’), previously available to parents charged with assault of their children, unconstitutional. By doing so, South Africa becomes the fifty-fourth state legally to prohibit corporal punishment of children administered by parents in addition to that inflicted by teachers. In this note I draw attention to a justificatory shortfall in the judgment. I argue that while the court was right to declare the defence incompatible with the Constitution of the Republic of South Africa, 1996 (‘the Constitution’), and although it provides good reasons for doing so, it fails to furnish sufficiently compellingarguments to show that the reasons it supplies are good reasons.

McDonald-Norman, D 2018, 'Young’s “Fact finding made easy” in Refugee Law: A Former Practitioner’s Perspective', Australian Law Journal and Reports, vol. 92, no. 5, pp. 349-359.
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This article considers the application of PW Young, “Fact finding made easy” (2006) 80 ALJ 454 to the unique challenges faced by decision-makers and advocates in refugee status determination (RSD) in Australia, drawing upon the author’s experiences in refugee law and advocacy. Unlike most otherforms of proceedings, RSD offers little scope for corroboration of individual claims for asylum, requiring greater consideration of the inherent plausibility of claims and the manner in which such claims are presented than of whether external sources can verify particular claimed incidents. The utility of Young’s observations in this context is assessed and the need for caution in applying principles of fact-finding drawn from other jurisdictions to the particular context of RSD is emphasised.

Methven, E 2018, 'A Little Respect: Swearing, Police and Criminal Justice Discourse', International Journal for Crime, Justice and Social Democracy, vol. 7, no. 3, pp. 58-74.
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This article interrogates a commonly articulated idea in relation to the criminalisation of offensive language: namely, that swearing at police challenges their authority and thereby deserves criminal punishment. Drawing on critical discourse analysis, the article examines representations of swearing at police officers in offensive language cases and parliamentary debates, including constructions of power, authority and order. It contributes to—but also denaturalises—conceptions about police power and authority in the context of public order policing. The article argues that criminal justice discourse plays a significant and often under-acknowledged role in naturalising the punishment of swearing at, or in the presence of, police officers.

Methven, EP & Billington, L 2018, 'A Practitioner’s Guide to Criminal Code Infringement Notices', Brief, vol. 45, no. 8.

Millbank, J 2018, 'The Role of Professional Facilitators in Cross Border Assisted Reproduction', Reproductive Biomedicine & Society Online, vol. 6, pp. 60-71.
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© 2018 The Author The operations of those who facilitate travel across international borders for access to assisted reproduction are little understood. Within the broader field of research into medical travel facilitators, most empirical studies have addressed websites and promotional materials, with few qualitative investigations of individuals who are service providers. The research presented here centres on interviews with 23 professionals facilitating cross-border assisted reproduction. This study sought to understand how facilitators and service providers operate within a professional framework, examining their understanding of the ethical limits on their roles within a largely unregulated and rapidly evolving international ‘marketplace’. Broadly, participants trusted in the market to ‘find its own level’, such that unscrupulous players would not succeed because others would not refer to, or work with, them. In instances where a clear risk to the health of reproductive contributors or to the well-being of future children was perceived, participants understood their own ethical duty to be limited to service denial or withdrawal of participation. Among the eight facilitators who were not legal or medical professionals, there was a striking commonality, in that all had personal experience of assisted reproduction, both as patients and as reproductive contributors. Within this group, and particularly among the six women who directly ‘matchmade’ arrangements between intended parents, egg donors and surrogates, was a strong sense of ‘embodied’ expertise and claims to ethical practice based upon that expertise.

Millbank, J 2018, 'What is the Responsibility of Australian Medical Professionals Whose Patients Travel Abroad for Assisted Reproduction?', Medical Law Review, vol. 27, no. 3, pp. 365-389.
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Abstract Australian medical professionals whose patients undertake assisted reproductive treatment abroad face a conflict: to try to provide optimal and on-going care for their patient at the same time as ensuring compliance with Australian legal, ethical, and professional rules which proscribe as unsafe or unethical key aspects of such treatment. A major suggestion from literature on medical travel is that risks to the patient can be mitigated through the involvement of the local professional. However, the force of legal regulation and ethical guidance in Australia strenuously directs clinicians away from involvement in overseas reproductive treatment. This article reports on 37 interviews with Australians travelling abroad for surrogacy, egg donation, and embryo donation, reflecting on patients’ experiences with Australian medical professionals both before and after they travelled. Patient reports demonstrate a fragmented and bewildering medical landscape in Australia, in which the ability to access domestic care and expertise varied markedly depending upon the kind of treatment patients were seeking abroad, and the mode of practice of the Australian doctor. Doctors practicing within licensed IVF clinics were notably more constrained than those outside such a setting. Patients seeking egg donation were offered information and received a wide range of diagnostic and preparatory treatments, while those seeking surrogacy were shunned, chided and offered limited (and sometimes covert) assistance. While recent changes to national ethical guidance improve clarity on information giving, the ethical and legal propriety of Australian medical professionals providing diagnostic or preparatory treatment for cross border reproduction remains uncertain.

Millbank, J & Vogl, A 2018, 'Adjudicating Fear of Witchcraft Claims in Refugee Law', Journal of Law and Society, vol. 45, no. 3, pp. 370-397.
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In refugee applications involving witchcraft‐related violence (WRV), those accused of witchcraft are largely women, and those fearing witchcraft are more often men. This is one of two interrelated articles reporting on cases where claimants feared harm from witchcraft or occult practices. It argues that WRV is a manifestation of gender‐related harm, one which exposes major failings in the application of refugee jurisprudence. Systemic inattention to the meaning and application of the Convention ground of religion, combined with gender insensitivity in analysis, meant that claims were frequently reconfigured by decision makers as personal grudges. The fear of witchcraft cases pose an acute ontological challenge to refugee status determination, as the claimed harm falls outside what is understood to be objective, verifiable, or Convention‐related. Male applicants struggled to make their claims comprehensible as a result of the feminized and ‘irrational’ characterization of witchcraft fears and beliefs.

Nagy, M, Chiarella, M, Bennett, B, Walton, M & Carney, T 2018, 'Health care complaint journeys for system comparison', International Journal of Health Care Quality Assurance, vol. 31, no. 8, pp. 878-887.
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PurposeThe “patient journey” technique is one that has been used by health care providers to investigate the strengths and weaknesses of their service delivery. The purpose of this paper is to discuss the experience of adapting this approach for use in an atypical context – the comparison of two systems for managing health care complaints and notifications. It highlights a number of relevant considerations and provides suggestions for similar studies.Design/methodology/approachThe design and methods of the study are described, with commentary on the success of key aspects and challenges encountered. To enable comparison between the two systems, this study had a “paired” design, in which examples were selected from each system so that they matched on basic, prescribed, criteria. Data about each matter’s journey were then collected from administrative records.FindingsWhile, overall, the technique provided rich data on the processes of the systems under investigation, the type of data collected (related to administrative/communicative events) and the study’s comparative purpose required consideration and management of a number of issues. These included the implications of using administrative records and the impact of differences between the systems on the paired design.Originality/valueThis paper describes an attempt to apply the “journey” approach in a context that is uncommon in two ways: first, in its focus on regulatory processes (complaint/notification handling), rather than care provision to an individual patient; and second, in its objective of comparing two different s...

Nicholls, R 2018, 'META-REGULATION IN PRACTICE: BEYOND NORMATIVE VIEWS OF MORALITY AND RATIONALITY', AUSTRALIAN BUSINESS LAW REVIEW, vol. 46, no. 3, pp. 213-214.

Rawling, M & Schofield-Georgeson, E 2018, 'Industrial legislation in Australia in 2017', Journal of Industrial Relations, vol. 60, no. 3, pp. 378-396.
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This article examines key industrial legislation passed by federal Parliament in 2017. The main development in federal industrial legislation for this year, which passed with bipartisan support, saw a weakened Coalition Government (forced from its traditional industrial relations (IR) stance) act to improve protections for vulnerable workers. This initiative introduced extended liability provisions regulating franchisors and holding companies. However, these provisions are a narrow response to an economy-wide problem because they do not establish measures to better regulate supply chains, labour hire and gig economy arrangements for the protection of vulnerable workers. Back in more familiar territory, the Coalition Government managed to implement part of its agenda to further regulate unions by establishing legislation that criminalises bargaining payments by employers to unions. A constitutional crisis over the citizenship status of federal Parliamentarians prevented the Coalition Government from passing legislation designed to curtail trade union activities. The article also considers significant State legislative developments including the introduction of mandatory labour hire licensing laws in South Australia and Queensland, industrial manslaughter laws in Queensland and regulation of ridesharing arrangements in Victoria. The article concludes by contrasting federal criminal penalties against union activity with civil penalties for businesses that exploit vulnerable workers, before suggesting future directions in industrial legislation.

Ries, NM 2018, 'Elder abuse and lawyers’ ethical responsibilities: incorporating screening into practice', Legal Ethics, vol. 21, no. 1, pp. 23-45.
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Elder abuse is a serious and under-detected problem. Law reform agencies and legal profession regulatory authorities have called for action to ensure that lawyers meet their ethical obligations to older clients, including identifying and acting on risk factors for abuse. Screening tools to detect situations of elder abuse exist, but they are targeted mainly at health and social care practitioners. Drawing on international literature, this article identifies and discusses screening tools that could be adapted for use by legal professionals. Three general categories of screening are relevant for lawyers who serve older clients: (1) elder abuse screening tools that cover all domains of abuse or target specific behaviours, such as financial exploitation; (2) screening for decision-making capacity, especially taking account of the impact of abuse or neglect on capacity; and (3) screening to probe the suitability of a person to act in a formal decision-making role for an older person. The article emphasises the importance of implementing screening processes and follow-up actions in a manner that fosters a therapeutic relationship between the older client and the lawyer. It concludes with recommendations for further research in this important area.

Ries, NM & Kypri, K 2018, 'Government-funded Health Research Contracts in Australia: A Critical Assessment of Transparency', SYDNEY LAW REVIEW, vol. 40, no. 3, pp. 367-394.
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Australian governments claim to be committed to improving transparency and democratic accountability. Yet they are increasingly contracting out research to external consultants, ‘think tanks’ and universities and the contractual relationships formed can, in fact, promote secrecy and undermine the goals of transparency and public scrutiny of government actions. This article reports on a first-in-kind study of research contracts between Commonwealth and New South Wales Government entities and external providers. Our analysis reveals that ‘control clauses’ are prevalent: contractually, governments can insist on the rights to determine whether, when and how the results of research are publicly disseminated, to claim intellectual property rights over work produced, and to terminate contractual relationships at will and without cause. These findings have troubling implications for government openness and accountability, for academic freedom when university researchers face restrictions on publication, and for evidence-informed policymaking. We propose solutions for proactive information disclosure to ensure that government transparency promises are realised in practice. We advocate for comprehensive public release of contract details and urge governments to publish the findings of contract research in an online repository.

Ries, NM & Mansfield, E 2018, 'Elder abuse: The role of general practitioners in community-based screening and multidisciplinary action', Australian Journal of General Practice, vol. 47, no. 4, pp. 235-238.
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Ries, NM, Douglas, M, Simon, J & Fassbender, K 2018, 'How do Lawyers Assist Their Clients With Advance Care Planning? Findings From a Cross-Sectional Survey of Lawyers in Alberta', Alberta Law Review, vol. 55, no. 3, pp. 683-701.
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Advance care planning (ACP) is the process of thinking about, discussing and documenting one’s preferences for future health care. ACP has important benefits: people who have a written directive are more likely to receive care that accords with their preferences, have fewer hospitalizations, and die in their preferred location. This article focuses on the important role that legal professionals have in advising and assisting clients with ACP. Studies report that people who have a written advance care plan are more likely to have received assistance in preparing the document from a lawyer than from a doctor. Yet virtually no research engages with the legal profession to understand lawyers’ attitudes, beliefs, and practices in this important area. This article starts to fill this gap by reporting the findings of a survey of lawyers in the province of Alberta. The results reveal lawyers’ practices in relation to ACP, their perceptions of their professional role and factors that support or hinder lawyers in working with clients on ACP, and their preferences for resources to assist them in helping their clients. To the authors’ knowledge, this is the first survey of lawyers on their practices in relation to ACP.

Riley, J & Sarina, T 2018, 'Recrafting the enterprise for the Gig Economy', New Zealand Journal of Employment Relations, vol. 43, no. 2, pp. 27-35.
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Much of the voluminous literature emerging on the gig economy and the impact of “platform”-based work on labour standards focusses on the vulnerability of workers to particular forms of exploitation: low rates of pay, precarious engagement, and unsafe working conditions. Proposed solutions often focus on classification problems: should these workers be classified as “employees” to become entitled to various labour rights? Classifying the worker as an “employee” necessarily assumes the existence of an “employer”. This paper explores the potential for a (possibly) more radical solution to worker exploitation, by investigating an alternative form of business organisation for these kinds of enterprises. The cooperative (well known in Europe, and in agriculture in Australasia) may provide an appropriate enterprise model in the so-called “sharing” economy.

Robinson, C 2018, 'A new era in insolvency practitioner discipline', Insolvency Law Bulletin, vol. 19, no. 6&7, pp. 123-125.

Schofield-Georgeson, E 2018, 'Regulating executive salaries and reducing pay disparities: Is pay disclosure the answer?', Journal of Australian Political Economy, vol. 2018, no. 81, pp. 95-120.
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In 2017 it was reported that Ahmed Fahour, CEO of Australia Post – a publicly owned company – earned AUD$10.8 million in a single year. In 2015, he was paid 119 times the annual salary of the average Australia Post employee ($47,000 per annum). Fahour presided over the organisation's greatest decline in company turnover, accompanied by large-scale retrenchments of low-paid workers (Evershed, 2017). Yet as extravagant as Fahour’s pay appears, it is far from the largest executive remuneration packages paid to CEOs in Australia. In recent years, some have surpassed $30 million per annum. In the United States (US), CEO pay can be 300 times that of the average wage within the company (Mishel and Davis, 2015). Even after a slight ‘correction’ in CEO pay, which dipped in Australia during the Global Financial Crisis from an average of $5.5 million per annum to $4.7 million, David Richardson of The Australia Institute has recently found that CEO pay is on the rise again, averaging $5.2 million last financial year (Patty, 2018; Richardson, 2018).

Schofield-Georgeson, E 2018, 'Undoing a model system: A new federal Custody Notification Service', Alternative Law Journal, vol. 43, no. 2, pp. 108-112.
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The Custody Notification Service is a legislative scheme to prevent Aboriginal deaths in custody. This article discusses proposed changes to the federal Custody Notification Service, that were before the federal Parliament in late 2017. It argues that the changes are inadequate, when compared with Custody Notification Service models in other Australian jurisdictions, primarily because the laws deprive Aboriginal people of important fair trial and custody rights. This article concludes by listing a range of legislative solutions proposed by Aboriginal organisations and legal representatives.

Schumacher, FR, Al Olama, AA, Berndt, SI, Benlloch, S, Ahmed, M, Saunders, EJ, Dadaev, T, Leongamornlert, D, Anokian, E, Cieza-Borrella, C, Goh, C, Brook, MN, Sheng, X, Fachal, L, Dennis, J, Tyrer, J, Muir, K, Lophatananon, A, Stevens, VL, Gapstur, SM, Carter, BD, Tangen, CM, Goodman, PJ, Thompson, IM, Batra, J, Chambers, S, Moya, L, Clements, J, Horvath, L, Tilley, W, Risbridger, GP, Gronberg, H, Aly, M, Nordström, T, Pharoah, P, Pashayan, N, Schleutker, J, Tammela, TLJ, Sipeky, C, Auvinen, A, Albanes, D, Weinstein, S, Wolk, A, Håkansson, N, West, CML, Dunning, AM, Burnet, N, Mucci, LA, Giovannucci, E, Andriole, GL, Cussenot, O, Cancel-Tassin, G, Koutros, S, Beane Freeman, LE, Sorensen, KD, Orntoft, TF, Borre, M, Maehle, L, Grindedal, EM, Neal, DE, Donovan, JL, Hamdy, FC, Martin, RM, Travis, RC, Key, TJ, Hamilton, RJ, Fleshner, NE, Finelli, A, Ingles, SA, Stern, MC, Rosenstein, BS, Kerns, SL, Ostrer, H, Lu, Y-J, Zhang, H-W, Feng, N, Mao, X, Guo, X, Wang, G, Sun, Z, Giles, GG, Southey, MC, MacInnis, RJ, FitzGerald, LM, Kibel, AS, Drake, BF, Vega, A, Gómez-Caamaño, A, Szulkin, R, Eklund, M, Kogevinas, M, Llorca, J, Castaño-Vinyals, G, Penney, KL, Stampfer, M, Park, JY, Sellers, TA, Lin, H-Y, Stanford, JL, Cybulski, C, Wokolorczyk, D, Lubinski, J, Ostrander, EA, Geybels, MS, Nordestgaard, BG, Nielsen, SF, Weischer, M, Bisbjerg, R, Røder, MA, Iversen, P, Brenner, H, Cuk, K, Holleczek, B, Maier, C, Luedeke, M, Schnoeller, T, Kim, J, Logothetis, CJ, John, EM, Teixeira, MR, Paulo, P, Cardoso, M, Neuhausen, SL, Steele, L, Ding, YC, De Ruyck, K, De Meerleer, G, Ost, P, Razack, A, Lim, J, Teo, S-H, Lin, DW, Newcomb, LF, Lessel, D, Gamulin, M, Kulis, T, Kaneva, R, Usmani, N, Singhal, S, Slavov, C, Mitev, V, Parliament, M, Claessens, F, Joniau, S, Van den Broeck, T, Larkin, S, Townsend, PA, Aukim-Hastie, C, Gago-Dominguez, M, Castelao, JE, Martinez, ME, Roobol, MJ, Jenster, G, van Schaik, RHN, Menegaux, F, Truong, T, Koudou, YA, Xu, J, Khaw, K-T, Cannon-Albright, L, Pandha, H, Michael, A, Thibodeau, SN, McDonnell, SK, Schaid, DJ, Lindstrom, S, Turman, C, Ma, J, Hunter, DJ, Riboli, E, Siddiq, A, Canzian, F, Kolonel, LN, Le Marchand, L, Hoover, RN, Machiela, MJ, Cui, Z, Kraft, P, Amos, CI, Conti, DV, Easton, DF, Wiklund, F, Chanock, SJ, Henderson, BE, Kote-Jarai, Z, Haiman, CA & Eeles, RA 2018, 'Association analyses of more than 140,000 men identify 63 new prostate cancer susceptibility loci', Nature Genetics, vol. 50, no. 7, pp. 928-936.
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© 2018 The Author(s). Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) and fine-mapping efforts to date have identified more than 100 prostate cancer (PrCa)-susceptibility loci. We meta-analyzed genotype data from a custom high-density array of 46,939 PrCa cases and 27,910 controls of European ancestry with previously genotyped data of 32,255 PrCa cases and 33,202 controls of European ancestry. Our analysis identified 62 novel loci associated (P < 5.0 × 10-8) with PrCa and one locus significantly associated with early-onset PrCa (≤55 years). Our findings include missense variants rs1800057 (odds ratio (OR) = 1.16; P = 8.2 × 10-9; G>C, p.Pro1054Arg) in ATM and rs2066827 (OR = 1.06; P = 2.3 × 10-9; T>G, p.Val109Gly) in CDKN1B. The combination of all loci captured 28.4% of the PrCa familial relative risk, and a polygenic risk score conferred an elevated PrCa risk for men in the ninetieth to ninety-ninth percentiles (relative risk = 2.69; 95% confidence interval (CI): 2.55-2.82) and first percentile (relative risk = 5.71; 95% CI: 5.04-6.48) risk stratum compared with the population average. These findings improve risk prediction, enhance fine-mapping, and provide insight into the underlying biology of PrCa 1 .

Shepherd, SM & Anthony, T 2018, 'Popping the cultural bubble of violence risk assessment tools', The Journal of Forensic Psychiatry & Psychology, vol. 29, no. 2, pp. 211-220.
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© 2017 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group. Violence risk instruments are administered in medico-legal contexts to estimate an individual’s likelihood of future violence. However, their ostensible limitations; in particular their mono-cultural and risk-centric composition, has drawn academic attention. These concerns may facilitate erroneous risk evaluations for certain non-white populations. Yet it remains unaddressed how cultural differences will be appraised in a risk assessment framework and which specific cultural factors should be considered. Provisions under the Canadian Criminal Code allow for Gladue Reports, to be sought by judicial officers prior to sentencing Indigenous people. Gladue Reports provide insights into an Indigenous person’s unique circumstances that may have led to their offending as well as community-based options for rehabilitation. We proffer that there may be value in augmenting the risk evaluation with culturally relevant Gladue style considerations identified by relevant Indigenous people to provide a more holistic account of an Indigenous individual’s circumstances.

Sibbritt, D, Kaye, M, Millbank, J, Stuhmcke, A, Wardle, J & Karpin, I 2018, 'How are complementary health professions regulated in Australia? An examination of complementary health professions in the national registration and accreditation scheme', Complementary Therapies in Medicine, vol. 37, pp. 6-12.
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© 2018 Elsevier Ltd Objectives: This study aims to provide an empirical examination of how complementary medicine practice in Australia is actually regulated under the current national registration model. Methods: Data was obtained from Australian Health Practitioner Regulation Agency (AHPRA) Annual Reports for the years 2011/12–2014/15 and supplemented by the Chinese Medical Registration Board of Victoria (CMRBV) Annual Reports in 2011/12 for Chinese Medicine complaints. The data analysed includes complaint statistics, stage of closure of complaints and the outcome of complaints concerning Chinese medicine, chiropractic and osteopathy under the National Law. Results: During 2014–2015 the number of complaints per 100 registrants for was highest for the medical board (4.4), while much lower for the chiropractic (1.5), osteopath (0.7) and Chinese medicine (0.5) boards. For conventional boards, 58% of complaints were closed at the assessment stage, while 57%, 29% and 16% of complaints to the osteopath, Chinese medicine and chiropractic boards respectively were closed at the assessment stage. The decision to suspend or cancel registration of health professionals was 17% from the Chinese medicine board, 14% from the Osteopathy Board, 1.5% from the chiropractor board and 0.6% from the medical board. Conclusion: It appears that complementary medicine practitioner regulation works at least as well as conventional regulation, and at most complementary medicine boards take a stricter interpretation of misconduct though more research would need to be undertaken to state this definitively. Our findings indicate that the public are using the statutory complaint mechanisms available to them with respect to the three CM groups.

Silink, A & Ryan, D 2018, 'VICARIOUS LIABILITY FOR INDEPENDENT CONTRACTORS', The Cambridge Law Journal, vol. 77, no. 3, pp. 458-461.
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*C.L.J. 458 THE common law has long recognised that people who engage independent contractors will not ordinarily be liable for the wrongdoing of those contractors, outside a closely guarded class of exceptional relationships in which the principal bears a personal liability for their negligent conduct. Selection of a properly qualified and competent contractor will ordinarily suffice to discharge any primary duty of care to victims of the contractor's torts imposed on the principal. Vicarious liability traditionally required finding an employment relationship between the principal and the wrongdoer. However the scope of vicarious liability has recently been expanded. In a quartet of cases (Catholic Child Welfare Society v Various Claimants [2012] UKSC 56, [2003] 2 A.C. 1 (noted J. Bell [2013] C.L.J. 17)); Cox v Ministry of Justice [2016] UKSC 10, [2016] A.C. 660; Mohamud v WM Morrison Supermarkets plc [2016] UKSC 11, [2016] A.C. 677; Armes v Nottinghamshire County Council [2017] UKSC 60, [2018] A.C. 355 (noted S. Deakin [2018] C.L.J. 15)), the Supreme Court recognised that vicarious liability may also be imposed in respect of the acts of persons who are in a position "akin to employment". The "akin to employment" test was first recognised in what may be described as atypical working relationships, such as those of religious personnel, and prison workers, who were neither employees nor independent contractors as traditionally understood. But the test has come to be applied as a general test for the imposition of vicarious liability outside relationships of employment, and uncertainty has emerged as to the reach of the test to traditionally understood independent contractors. The issue of the test's reach has emerged starkly from the decision of the Court of Appeal in Barclays Bank plc v Various Claimants [2018] EWCA Civ 1670, in which the bank was held vicariously liable for the wrongdoing of a doctor who, by any traditional test, was as independent a contracto...

Silink, AJ 2018, 'Trustee exoneration from trust assets - Out on a limb? The tension between creditor expectations and the 'clear accounts' rule', Journal of Equity, vol. 12, pp. 58-58.
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This article examines the proper characterisation of the trustee’s right of indemnity with particular focus upon the exoneration limb, pursuant to which a trustee can discharge outstanding trust liabilities directly from trust assets. Its existence is uncontroversial. However, questions have been raised as to whether the exoneration limb should be subject to the so-called ‘clear accounts rule’ which limits a trustee from availing itself of the right to indemnity to the extent that the trustee has an outstanding obligation to restore the trust fund. This limitation upon the availability of the indemnity to the trustee necessarily affects the ability of creditors to access trust assets to discharge trust debts. This is because the creditor’s right to be subrogated to the trustee’s indemnity gives it no higher right than the trustee has — if the indemnity has been lost to the trustee, it is lost to the creditor. This article considers the justification for the clear accounts rule with respect to its application to the exoneration limb of the indemnity.

Silink, AJ 2018, 'Vicarious liability of a bank for the acts of a contracted doctor', Journal of Professional Negligence, vol. 34, pp. 46-46.
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The long-standing dichotomy between employees and independent contractors in vicarious liability - never entirely without its difficulties in application, but nonetheless, a central tenet of vicarious liability for more than a century - has been eroded in the last five years. Confirmed in the mid-nineteenth century in Quarman v Burnett, 1 the delineation has endured despite regular criticism: an employer may be vicariously liable for acts of an employee, but not generally for the negligence or intentional wrongdoing of an independent contractor, aside from directly authorised acts.2The first steps in dismantling the requirement for an employment relationship were in recognising that working relationships that did not fit the traditional analysis of employment could nonetheless give rise to vicarious liability. In Cox v Ministry of Justice (Cox),3 Lord Reed noted that 'in recent years the courts have sought to explain more generally the basis on which vicarious liability can arise out of a relationship other than that of employer and employee'.4 Since 2012, a series of cases has recognised vicarious liability in particular working relationships that do not meet a traditional definition of employment, but which bear certain incidents (defined in Various Claimants v Catholic Child Welfare Society (CCWS) by Lord Phillips5) that could be regarded as 'akin to employment' as found in that case between a priest and church, or as between a prisoner performing work duties in a prison and the Ministry of Justice responsible for the prison service (Cox).Various Claimants v Barclays Bank Plc (Barclays Bank) marks a significant step directly into the once out-of-bounds territory of vicarious liability for acts of independent contractors.6 In this case, the incidents or criteria for the requisite relationship developed in CCWS and Cox were applied to a situation that would otherwise have been traditionally viewed as one of an independent contractor and the court a...

Simmonds, A 2018, 'Illicit Love: Interracial Sex & Marriage in the United States & Australia.', JOURNAL OF THE HISTORY OF SEXUALITY, vol. 27, no. 3, pp. 494-496.

Taylor, MP, Forbes, MK, Opeskin, B, Parr, N & Lanphear, BP 2018, 'Further analysis of the relationship between atmospheric lead emissions and aggressive crime: an ecological study', Environmental Health, vol. 17, no. 1, pp. 1-3.
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After completing our study of lead and aggressive crime [10], it came to our attention that we might have erroneously combined lead in air data from two neighbouring air quality monitoring stations for the Boolaroo, New South Wales (NSW) suburb. We re-examined the data we initially compiled in 2011/2012, and it does appear that data from two neighbouring sites with overlapping names have been combined, as described below. Importantly, this error does not affect the results or conclusions of our original study.

Then, S-N, Carney, T, Bigby, C & Douglas, J 2018, 'Supporting decision-making of adults with cognitive disabilities: The role of Law Reform Agencies – Recommendations, rationales and influence', International Journal of Law and Psychiatry, vol. 61, pp. 64-75.
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Article 12 of the UNCRPD on equal recognition before the law, places an obligation on member states to 'provide access by persons with disabilities to the support they may require in exercising their legal capacity'. This has resulted in an increased focus on the concept and practice of supported decision-making, as opposed to substitute decision-making, for those with cognitive disabilities. To date, translation of this concept into law has been limited. However, Law Reform Agencies, tasked with reviewing legal decision-making schemes are increasingly recommending incorporation of legally recognised supported decision-making measures. This paper identifies the contribution of Law Reform Agencies' reports and recommendations to the evolving body of knowledge in relation to supported decision-making. In particular, it analyses the rationales for recommendations favouring the introduction of forms of legally recognised supported decision-making and the types of legal models of supported decision-making being recommended by Law Reform Agencies.

Thomson, M 2018, 'Bioethics and vulnerability: recasting the objects of ethical concern', Emory Law Journal, vol. 67, no. 6, pp. 1207-1233.
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Mainstream bioethics has long been challenged for its focus on the technological developments of biomedicine and principles of individual ethics. It is argued that the focus on these particular objects, and the delisting of the social context within which the ethical is constructed and experienced, limits the extent to which bioethics provides a contesting counter-weight to modern biomedicine. In response, this Article promotes Martha Fineman’s vulnerability theory as a new framework for bioethical deliberation. Fineman’s foundational concern with the embodied and embedded experience of being human puts the social at the heart of analytical enquiry. Further, a focus on the institutional structures within which we are all embedded provides a framework for assessing state responsiveness to its embedded citizens. Recognizing that mainstream bioethics has historically resisted the incorporation of other frameworks, this Article argues that the current turn to the social in the life sciences provides an important new context within which we might successfully reimagine bioethics and its objects of ethical concern.

Tian, Y 2018, 'Cloud Computing and Cross-Border Transfer Pricing: Implications of Recent OECD and Australi-an Transfer Pricing Laws on Cloud related Multinational Enterprises and Possible Solutions', Rutgers Computer and Technology Law Journal, vol. 44, no. 1, pp. 33-91.
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Cloud computing has significantly changed the way in which information is collected, stored, handled and distributed by individuals, businesses and government agencies. Like many other technology developments, Cloud computing brings us both oppor-tunities and risks. Cloud computing poses significant and difficult questions in tax laws, particularly in the cross-border tax area. As an increasing number of businesses move to cloud computing solu-tions, items we view as tangible products are transformed into in-tangible or digital products. This arguably brings significant chal-lenges to the traditional tax system, which was established on the basis of physical transactions and trade. In international tax, Transfer Pricing is certainly “one of the most important issues.”1 An increasing number of multinational enterprises, particularly the U.S. I.T. Giants, artificially shift profits from high-tax to low-tax countries by a variety of techniques. A study conducted by the U.S. Congressional Research Service in 2015 indicates a significant in-crease in corporate profit shifting over the past several years, and estimates losses from income shifting by multinational corporations are estimated at nearly $100 billion USD per year. This article ex-amines whether and how traditional tax rules on Transfer Pricing, which have their foundations in physical transactions and trade, can apply in the current virtual, digital world of cloud computing. It aims to identify the difficulties current approaches face as they are applied to this developing technology, and attempts to explore some practical solutions for future Transfer Pricing law reforms at both the international and national level by drawing on insights from the Transfer Pricing rules of the OECD and Australia.

Twemlow, J 2018, 'Made by Them, Followed by Us: Challenging the Perception of Law through the Deconstruction of Jurisprudential Assumptions', Griffith Journal of Law and Human Dignity, vol. 6, no. 2, pp. 107-107.
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The standard position within western thought is that the bulk of domestic law derives from, and is legitimised by, the local populous. Through the institution of democratic representation, it is rationalised that the resulting law produced reflects the social consciousness of the population at the time. While there are a number of limitations to this argument, this paper focuses on the juxtaposition of this stance with the public perception that law is inaccessible, complicated, and prestigious. By looking at the ways in which jurisprudential assumptions contribute to this dissonance between law and the public and exploring what accessibility to the law means, this paper argues that law must acknowledge and incorporate different perceptions — that, at its core, access to law is about being able to engage in a conversation.

van Rijswijk, H 2018, 'Complicity as Legal Responsibility', Law & Literature, vol. 30, no. 1, pp. 149-165.
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Complicity is emerging as a key cultural and critical term for understanding settler responsibility in postcolonial contexts – especially in thinking through the sense of responsibility arrived at through transitional justice processes. But what sense can we make of complicity within more pedestrian legal processes? Here, I examine an emergent narrative of complicity in “everyday law” through the framework of evaluating harms provided by the Royal Commission into Institutional Reponses to Child Sexual Abuse (“the Commission”). I analyze one case study in particular – the 19th public hearing of the Commission was held between October 22 and 31, 2014, and on November 14, 2014 (“the Bethcar Case Study”) – to provide a reading of complicity in the context of everyday legal proceedings that took place within the wider context of Australia's postcolonial reckoning of harms suffered by the Stolen Generations. This article focuses on the role and conduct of lawyers, and of law, in the civil proceedings relating to institutional responsibility for abuse, a process at a seeming distance from the scene of original trauma. I argue that the Commission makes available a narrative of the lawyers’ role in the ongoing violence against survivors – one story and case study that, as it concerns abuse in the context of the removal of Aboriginal children, is part of wider structural violence against Aboriginal people. The Commission provides a rich source for analyzing these legal processes and provides an archive of lawyers’ responsibility that is not normally made available through law. It examines the complicity of the legal profession in harms produced by the legal system itself.

van Rijswijk, H & Crofts, P 2018, 'Introduction: Implicated Legal Subjects', Law & Literature, vol. 30, no. 1, pp. 1-9.
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Vogl, A 2018, 'The Genres and Politics of Refugee Testimony', Law & Literature, vol. 30, no. 1, pp. 81-104.
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© 2017 by The Cardozo School of Law of Yeshiva University. This article explores the genre and form of narratives that refugee applicants must present in order to move from refugee applicants to (refugee) citizens. It addresses these narratives as they feature in the adjudicative setting of the oral hearing within refugee status determination (RSD) processes. My argument is that the generic aspects of credible refugee testimony constitute and reflect the non-citizen subject whom refugee-receiving states are willing to accept. Through a close reading of testimonial forms and dialogue within the oral hearing, I show that the narratorial voice required of refugees is that of the realist novel’s omniscient narrator, who can confidently account for herself and others. Second, drawing on Joseph R Slaughter’s work on the relationship between the novel and human rights discourse, I argue that the narrative of a ‘genuine’ refugee is marked by the literary conventions of the Bildungsroman. Just as in the reconciliatory genre of the Bildungsroman, refugees must present their evidence in the form of a linear narrative that moves towards self-possession and sovereignty, and that resolves in incorporation into the nation-state and citizenship.

Vrdoljak, A 2018, 'World Heritage and Illicit trade in culture', World Heritage Review, vol. 87, pp. 6-12.

Vrdoljak, AF 2018, 'Indigenous Peoples, World Heritage, and Human Rights', International Journal of Cultural Property, vol. 25, no. 3, pp. 245-281.
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Abstract:Indigenous peoples’ emphasis on protecting their cultural heritage (including land) through a human rights-based approach reveals the synergies and conflicts between the World Heritage Convention and the UN Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples (UNDRIP). This article focuses on how their insistence on the right to participate effectively in decision-making and centrality of free, prior, and informed consent as defined in the UNDRIP exposes the limitations of existing United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization and World Heritage Convention processes effecting Indigenous peoples, cultures, and territories and how these shortcomings can be addressed. By tracking the evolution of the UNDRIP and the World Heritage Convention from their drafting and adoption to their implementation, it examines how the realization of Indigenous peoples’ right to self-determination concerning cultural heritage is challenging international law to become more internally consistent in its interpretation and application and international organizations to operate in accordance with their constitutive instruments.

Vrdoljak, AF 2018, 'Prosecutor v. Ahmad Al Faqi Al Mahdi: Judgment and Sentence & Reparations Order (Int'l Crim. Ct.)', International Legal Materials, vol. 57, no. 1, pp. 17-79.
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On September 27, 2016, Trial Chamber VIII of the International Criminal Comt (ICC or Court) delivered its Judg­ment and Sentence in the case of The Prosecutor v. Ahmad Al Faqi Al Mahdi. On August 17, 2017, it rendered the Reparations Order in this case. 2 The Court for the first time found a defendant responsible for intentionally attacking protected cultural and religious sites, while relying on specialized treaties for the protection of cultural heritage. It is also the first time that an international criminal court, while drawing on international human rights law, has delivered an order for reparations pertaining to this international crime. The tension between the Court's Judgment and Sen­tence and its Reparations Order highlights that these two areas of international law, international cultural heritage law and international human rights law, remain unaligned.

Vrdoljak, AF 2018, 'Wywiad', Santander Art and Culture Law Review, vol. 2018, no. 1, pp. 15-20.

Waller, A, Sanson-Fisher, R, Ries, N & Bryant, J 2018, 'Increasing advance personal planning: the need for action at the community level', BMC Public Health, vol. 18, no. 1.
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Wilding, D & King, I 2018, 'Reviewing the Layered Model', Intermedia, vol. 46, no. 1, pp. 13-17.

Williams, MS 2018, 'Innervating Colonialism: Exploring the Retraction of Indigenous Rights Through Two Sentencing Provisions', Australian Feminist Law Journal, vol. 44, no. 2, pp. 203-220.
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Booth, T 1970, 'Law, integrity and judicial empathy: managing direct and personal cross-examination of victims of family violence by alleged perpetrators of that violence in family law proceedings.', Judging, Emotion and Emotion Work, International Institute for the Sociology of Law workshop, Onati, Spain.

Booth, T 1970, 'The Law's response to victims of intimate partner violence - different legal domains, shifting legal identities and traumatic legal processes', International Victimology symposium, Hongkong.

Carter, D & Grossi, R 1970, 'Questioning the Claim that Love can Motivate Law', Annual Conference of the Law and Society Association of Australia and New Zealand, University of Wollongong.

Dehm, S 1970, 'Panel Remarks on Doing ‘Southern Histories’ of International Law(s) in our Times', Third World Approaches to International Law, Singapore.

Dehm, S 1970, 'Panel Remarks on Migration in International Legal History', Law and Society Annual Meeting, Toronto, Canada.

Dorsett, S 1970, 'Displacing Tikanga: ‘Micro-encounters’ in the Courts of the Coloniser', ANZLHS Annual Conference 2018, Wollongong.

Dorsett, S 1970, 'Extra-Territoriality in Empire: The Foreign Office, the Colonial Office and the Foreign Jurisdiction Act 1843', Legal Histories of Empire: Perspectives from the Colonized, University of West Indies, Cave Hill, Barbados.

Dorsett, SG 1970, 'Challenge and Change in the Crown Colony Period', Challenge and Change: The Continuing Evolution of the Judiciary in New Zealand, the Annual Conference of the New Zealand Institute for Judicial Studies, Wellington, New Zealand.

Heino, B 1970, 'The Lynchpin of Antipodean Fordism: Australia's Metal Trades Award as a Pace-Setter, 1947-63', Law and Society Association of Australia and New Zealand, University of Wollongong.

Johns, F 1970, 'Teaching the law of property and obligations: incorporating an indigenous perspective', Students Transitions Achievement Retention & Success, Auckland.

Jonathan, J, Sohail, S, Kotob, F & Salter, G 1970, 'The Role of Learning Analytics in Performance Measurement in a Higher Education Institution', 2018 IEEE International Conference on Teaching, Assessment, and Learning for Engineering (TALE), 2018 IEEE International Conference on Teaching, Assessment, and Learning for Engineering (TALE), IEEE, Univ Wollongong, Wollongong, AUSTRALIA, pp. 1201-1203.
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Kaye, M 1970, 'The Impact of Self-representation in Family Law Proceedings involving family violence - the Perspective of Independent Children's Lawyers', Australian Institute of Family Studies conference, Melbourne.

Kaye, M 1970, 'The Perspectives of Independent Children’s Lawyers on Family Law Cases Involving Self-Represented Litigants where there are Allegations of Violence', Law and Society Association of Australia and New Zealand Conference 2018: Inclusion, Exclusion and Democracy, University of Wollongong.

Methven, E 1970, 'Cheap and efficient justice? Neoliberal discourse and criminal infringement notices', Jurilingüística II: Interdisciplinary Approaches to the Study of Language and Law, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Sevilla, Spain.

Methven, E 1970, 'The rise of criminal infringement notices: a cause for concern?', Australian and New Zealand Society of Criminology Conference, University of Melbourne.

Methven, EP 1970, ''A Woman’s Tongue' Gender, Swearing and the Law', Law and Society Association of Australia and New Zealand, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.

O'Connell, K & Karpin, IA 1970, 'Rethinking the Stress of Inequality as an Intersectional and Intergenerational Harm'.

Robinson, C 1970, 'Corporate Law Teachers Association Annual Conference - Teaching Session (Invited Panellist)', La Trobe University Melbourne City Campus.

Robinson, C 1970, 'Keynote Panel - Casual Academics Conference UTS (Invited Panellist)', University of Technology, Sydney.

Robinson, C 1970, 'Regulation of Insolvency and Insolvency Practitioners in the Asia-Pacific Region Roundtable (Invited Participant)', Queensland University of Technology.

Robinson, C 1970, 'Stakeholder Impact and the Long Road to the Insolvency Law Reform Act 2016 (Cth)', Corporate Law Teachers Association - Annual Conference, La Trobe, Melbourne City Campus.

Schofield-Georgeson, E 1970, 'Chifley and the Banks: Lessons from the first banking royal commission, 1935-1937', Australia New Zealand Law and History Society Conference 2018, University of Wollongong.

Schofield-Georgeson, E 1970, 'Redundancy 4.0: Strategies for Regulating Automation in the 21st Century', Australian Labour Lawyers Association Conference 2018, Australian Labour Law Association Conference, Gold Coast.

Schofield-Georgeson, E 1970, 'Silence Matters: Quantifying the use of the right to silence in the summary jurisdiction of NSW', Australia New Zealand Society of Criminology Conference 2018, University of Melbourne.

Schofield-Georgeson, E 1970, 'The Theorisation of Royal Commissions', Commissions of Enquiry Symposium, UTS Law School.

Simmons, F 1970, 'Identifying Human Trafficking and Slavery: challenges for decision makers, The Biannual Asia Pacific Chapter Conference, International Association of Refugee Law Judges', Wellington, New Zealand.

Tian, Y 1970, 'Blockchain and IP-related Transfer Pricing Arrangement', Law Tech Talks, Law and Technology Centre of the University of Hong Kong Law School.

Tian, Y 1970, 'Cloud Computing and Cross-Border Transfer Pricing: Smart Contract as a Supplementary Solution', Conference on Legal Problems with the Application of Smart Contracts and the Way Forward, City University of Hong Kong Law School, Hong Kong.

Tian, Y 1970, 'IP-related Transfer Pricing and Blockchain - Compliance of Transfer Pricing Rules & Blockchain as a Supplementary Solution', 2018 International Colloquium on IP Law and Cyberspace Law, Intellectual Property Law Research Institute, China University of Political Science and Law, Beijing China.

Vijeyarasa, R 1970, 'Australia's Modern Day Slavery Acts: How legal language can reinforce misconceptions about trafficking, sex work and labour exploitation', Law and Society Association of Australian and New Zealand: Inclusion, Exclusion, Democracy, University of Wollongong.

Vijeyarasa, R 1970, 'Political personas of Asia's women leaders and their failure to represent the women they led', https://sydney.edu.au/content/dam/corporate/documents/sydney-southeast-asia-centre/asaa-2018/ASAA2018_Book%20of%20Abstracts.pdf, Biennial Asian Studies Association of Australia, Sydney, Australia.
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As of August 2015, only 18 women leaders worldwide had reached the highest level of elected office. Contrary to expectations that women leaders will promote the interests of fellow women, it is a misconception and arguably an unreasonable expectation that a woman leader will necessarily want to promote the rights and interests of women. Moreover, many such leaders are plagued by an embedded culture of “institutional masculinity” in most parliaments, making it difficult to introduce a women’s rights friendly agenda, resulting in claims of “western feminism” at play. Yet, despite the limited positive roles that they individually played in the lives of the women they led, all three women leaders – like many in Asia – have been framed as Asia’s tigers. Analyzing the image of the tiger, this paper examines the question ‘For whom and what did they fight?’

Vijeyarasa, R 1970, 'Political personas of Asia's women leaders and their failure to represent the women they led', Biennial Asian Studies Association of Australia, Sydney, Australia.

Walsh, M 1970, '“Wingara- Making our path sharing our journey.”, at the World Indigenous Peoples Conference on Education (WIPCE) 2017.', World Indigenous Peoples Conference on Education 2017, Toronto.

Walsh, M 1970, 'Te Hononga: International Business Research Symposium', NGÄ MANUHIRI TÜÄRANGI, ROTORUA, NEW ZEALAND.

Berg, L Migrant Justice Institute 2018, Submission to the Inquiry into the Exploitation of General and Specialist Cleaners Working in Retail Chains for Contracting or Subcontracting Cleaning Companies, no. 21, Sydney.

Berg, L Migrant Justice Institute 2018, Submission to the Queensland Parliament Inquiry into Wage Theft in Queensland, no. 042, Sydney.

Berg, L & Meagher, G 2018, Cultural Exchange or Cheap Housekeeper? Findings of a National Survey of Au Pairs in Australia, pp. 1-48, Sydney.
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This report presents the first comprehensive study of living and working conditions of au pairs in Australia. It draws on responses from 1,479 au pairs across 34 nationalities to an online survey in 2017. The study seeks to provide an evidence base to indicate the contours and variety of au pair experiences across this country. The concept of au pairing has arisen informally in Australia as a version of a European tradition where young women spent a year-long cultural exchange with a host family in a different European country, learning a foreign language and earning ‘pocket money’ while undertaking light childcare duties. Media reports have revealed both the growing dependence of families on au pairs as a source of flexible and affordable childcare, and the risk of au pairs’ exposure to exploitative working conditions. However, because au pairing is an informal arrangement, very little is known about the day-to-day experiences of au pairs in this country, or how prevalent this practice is. Almost no empirical research has investigated the living and working conditions of au pairs in Australia, how they arrange their placement or which visas they hold during their stay. Still less is known about how experiences vary between different cohorts, such as nationality groups, host families’ locations, and au pairs who use agencies to arrange their placements as compared with other means. This study begins to fill these gaps. It reveals participants’ demographic profile (including nationality and visa used while au pairing in Australia), the characteristics of their first au pair placement (including tasks they performed in the home, rates of pay and hours), problems they encountered in Australia and how they sought assistance to resolve these, and their motivations for au pairing, benefits gained and overall appraisal of their experience, including whether they considered the experience to be closer to a cultural exchange or to work.

Farbenblum, B & Berg, L MWJI 2018, Wage Theft in Silence: Why Migrant Workers Do Not Recover Their Unpaid Wages in Australia, Sydney.
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Wage Theft in Silence reveals that although the majority of migrant workers are paid well below minimum wage, very few ever take action to recover the wages they are owed. Most of those who tried to get their wages back were not successful. The report draws on responses of 4,322 international students, backpackers and other migrant workers who participated in the National Temporary Migrant Work Survey. It analyses the reasons why the overwhelming majority of participants had not sought to address their underpayment and makes recommendations for reform.

Farbenblum, B, Berg, L & Kintominas, A Open Society Foundations 2018, Transformative Technology for Migrant Workers: Opportunities, Challenges and Risks, pp. i-48, New York.
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Digital technology offers the promise to transform the labour migration landscape and to empower workers in new and previously uncontemplated ways. However it also gives rise to a host of practical, ethical and legal challenges. This report takes stock of the rapidly evolving landscape of digital tools that businesses, worker advocates and governments have developed to address exploitative recruitment and labour conditions. It considers the factors that contribute to (or undermine) the effectiveness of these tools, and the risks they create for workers and host organisations. These include legal, financial and security risks. The report considers resourcing and other challenges to sustainability and scalability of digital tools, and approaches to design and implementation that ensure the tools are taken up by vulnerable workers and deliver meaningful outcomes to them. It concludes that technology’s transformative potential will only be realized through responsible and well-considered approaches to the funding, development, and implementation of platforms that respond to migrant workers’ vulnerabilities and the structural drivers of exploitation.

Greenman, K, Davitti, D & Tzouvala, N United Nations Forum on Business and Human Rights 2018, Crowd-Drafting: Designing a Human Rights-Compatible International Investment Agreement, Online.
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Submission to the UN Working Group on Business and Human Rights, Annual Business and Human Rights Forum 2018

Jordan, K, Anthony, T, Walsh, T & Markham, F 2018, JOINT RESPONSE TO THE DELOITTE REVIEW OF THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE RECOMMENDATIONS OF THE ROYAL COMMISSION INTO ABORIGINAL DEATHS IN CUSTODY, Canberra, Australia.
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Josserand, E, Kaine, S, Rawling, MJ & Ryan, R Commonwealth Senate 2018, Submission to Select Committee on the Future of Work and Workers, pp. 1-11, Canberra.

Kaine, S, Rawling, MJ, Josserand, E, Boersma, M, Johns, K & Ryan, R Commonwealth Senate Education and Employment Committee 2018, 'Submission to Inquiry into the Exploitation of General and Specialist Cleaners Working in Retail chains for contracting or subcontracting cleaning companies' Centre for Business and Social Innovation UTS, pp. 1-8, Canberra.

Reilly, A, Howe, J, Berg, L, Farbenblum, B & Tan, G University of Adelaide 2018, International Students and the Fair Work Ombudsman, pp. 1-123.

Ryan, P, Lindsay, D, Governatori, G & Lumsden, A Scholastica 2018, 2018 Global Computation Law and Blockchain Festival Sydney Node Report, Stanford Journal of Blockchain Law & Policy, pp. 101-140, Stanford University.
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This Report explores some of the key legal and regulatory challenges facing the development and adoption of blockchain and distributed ledger technologies. Specifically, the use of cryptotokens as currency, assets, or utility have come under scrutiny in Australia.While blockchain and distributed ledger technologies promise to solve some significant identity, security, trust, and provenance problems created by the internet, at this time there is still much work to be done in order to reassure regulators and users that some of the use cases for this innovative technology may be legitimate purposes and can be understood. Until then, a cautious reticence will continue to prevail in any conversation about bitcoin, smart contracts, or distributed ledgers.

Schofield-Georgeson, E Australian Parliament 2018, Submission on behalf of the NSWCCL to the Australian Federal Parliamentary Joint Standing Committee on Electoral Matters Inquiry into Lowering the Voting Age, Sydney.

Vincent, N, Lindsay, D & Potts, M UTS 2018, Human Rights and Technology Issues Paper: UTS Submission, Issues Paper on Human Rights and Technology (July 2018), no. 103, Sydney.
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UTS's Institutional response to the Australian Human Rights Commission's 'Human Rights and Technology' (July 2018) White Paper.

Wilding, D & Fray, P Centre for Media Transition 2018, Submission to the Parliamentary Joint Committee on Intelligence and Security. Review of the National Security Legislation Amendment (Espionage and Foreign Interference) Bill 2017, Review of the National Security Legislation Amendment (Espionage and Foreign Interference) Bill 2017, pp. 1-7, https://www.aph.gov.au/DocumentStore.ashx?id=dee10dac-cb7f-48c8-a207....

Wilding, D, Fray, P, Molitorisz, S & McKewon, E Centre for Media Transition 2018, The Impact of Digital Platforms on News and Journalistic Content, Digital Platforms Inquiry, pp. 1-175, University of Technology Sydney, NSW.
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The report was commissioned by the Australian Competition and Consumer Commission as part of its Digital Platforms Inquiry. The inquiry has been described as a world-leading investigation into the effects of digital search engines, social media platforms and other digital content aggregation platforms on competition in media and advertising services markets.To assist the ACCC, the CMT was commissioned to research aspects concerning news and journalistic content. This included the function of journalism, effects of technology and how to consider quality and choice.

Wright, E & Stoianoff, N UTS 2018, Submission on behalf of Indigenous Knowledge Forum University of Technology Sydney to NSW Government Office of Environment and Heritage in response to Aboriginal cultural heritage reforms in NSW: A proposed new legal framework consultation, Sydney.

Behrendt, L, Cunneen, C, Libesman, T & Watson, N 2018, 'Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Legal Relations', Oxford University Press, UK, pp. 1-400.
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Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Legal Relations, second edition, introduces readers to the major issues faced by Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people under the Anglo-Australian legal system, with a focus on the impact of ...

Crofts, P 2018, 'What went wrong with money laundering law? by Peter Alldridge', The University of Sydney, pp. 191-193.

Goldblatt, B & Steele, L 2018, 'Menstruation Discrimination'.

Goldblatt, B & Steele, LR 2018, 'Women and Girls with Disabilities and Menstruation: Issues of Intersectional Discrimination'.

Grey, A 2018, 'Paja Faudree: Singing for the Dead: The Politics of Indigenous Revival in Mexico', Walter de Gruyter GmbH, pp. 721-725.
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Grossi, R 2018, 'Does contract law require us to be good?', Socio-legal studies association of the UK, UK.

Harris, J 2018, 'Guest Speaker - Insolvency Law Reform to Hunt and Hunt Lawyers'.

Heino, B 2018, 'Towards a queer Marxism: Holly Lewis on the terms of the dialogue', SAGE Publications, pp. 559-602.

Hohmann, J 2018, 'The UN Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples: A Commentary'.

Hohmann, JM 2018, 'The Right to Housing as an Aspect of the Right to an Adequate Standard of Living – Article 25(1)'.

Hohmann, JM, Buckner Inniss, L & Tramontana, E 2018, 'Cecilia Kell v Canada'.

Kaye, M 2018, 'Radio interview on Family Court merger proposal on Melbourne 3CR', 3CR.

Kaye, M 2018, 'Submission to ALRC Family Law Review Issues Paper No.48. Submission 215.'.

Kaye, M & Wangmann, J 2018, 'A new family ‘super court’ may not save time or result in better judgments', The Conversation.
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he proposed merger of the Family Court and Federal Circuit Court is intended to address delays and inefficiencies in the system. Experts question, however, how effective the reforms will be.

Kaye, M, Booth, T & Wangmann, J 2018, 'Submission on Federal Circuit and Family Court of Australia Bill 2018, Federal Circuit and Family Court of Australia (Consequential Amendments and Transitional Provisions) Bill 2018'.

Kaye, M, Booth, T & Wangmann, J 2018, 'Submission to Attorney-General's Department on Family Law Amendment (Family Violence and Cross-examination of Parties) Bill 2018'.

Libesman, T & Whittaker, A 2018, 'Why controversial child protection reforms in NSW could lead to another stolen generation', Sydney.

Methven, E 2018, 'Book review: Amy Propen and Mary Schuster, Rhetoric and Communication Perspectives on Domestic Violence and Sexual Assault: Policy and Protocol through Discourse', SAGE Publications, pp. 101-104.
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Methven, E 2018, 'Renae Lawrence shops at Aldi, and other matters that may not be in the public interest', ABC News.

Methven, E 2018, 'We need evidence-based law reform to reduce rates of Indigenous incarceration', The Conversation.

Methven, E & Vogl, AF 2018, 'Submission to the Inquiry into Review Processes associated with Visa Cancellations made on Criminal Grounds'.

Methven, EP 2018, 'The Development and Use of Criminal Code Infringement Notices in Western Australia'.
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Continuing Professional Development Presentation to Legal Aid Western Australia

Methven, EP & Carter, D 2018, 'Learning and Teaching seminar on Problem Solving in Law'.
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This seminar presented initial findings from our 2017 Learning and Teaching project: Promoting problem solving amongst UTS law students: A problem solving apprenticeship in Criminal Law.

Methven, EP & Dobinson, I 2018, 'Submission to New South Wales Law Reform Commission Inquiry into ​consent in relation to sexual offences', NSW Law Reform Commission, online.

Molitorisz, S 2018, 'Accurate. Objective. Transparent. Australians identify what they want in trustworthy media', The Conversation.
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In an age of social media and smartphones, people are accessing more news than ever. The problem is, they don’t believe much of it. Three-quarters of Australian news consumers say they have experienced “fake news” and are very concerned by it. In the US, two-thirds of adults get their news from social media, but more than half of people expect this news to be “largely inaccurate”. This is in stark contrast to public trust in journalism before the rise of the internet.

Molitorisz, S 2018, 'It’s time for third-party data brokers to emerge from the shadows', The Conversation.
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Facebook announced last week it would discontinue the partner programs that allow advertisers to use third-party data from companies such as Acxiom, Experian and Quantium to target users. The data broker business model involves accumulating information about internet users (and non-users) and then selling it. As such, data brokers have highly detailed profiles on billions of individuals, comprising age, race, sex, weight, height, marital status, education level, politics, shopping habits, health issues, holiday plans, and more.

Murphy, JR, Anthony, T & Grant, E 2018, 'Indigenous Courthouse and Courtroom Design in Australia: Case Studies, Design Principles and Issues'.

Nicholls, R 2018, 'Book review', Elsevier BV, pp. 184-185.
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O'Connell, K 2018, 'Sexual harassment is too much - and not enough - about sex', The Conversation.

Rawling, M & Kaine, S 2018, ''A new definition of 'worker' could protect many from exploitation'', The Conversation.
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online article

Rawling, M & Kaine, S 2018, ''How to Stop Workers Being Exploited in the Gig Economy'', The Conversation.
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online article

Ries, N 2018, 'When powers of attorney go wrong: Preventing financial abuse of older people by enduring attorneys', Australian Lawyers Alliance, pp. 9-13.

Steele, L 2018, 'Activating Parramatta Female Factory Precinct as a Site of Conscience'.

Steele, L 2018, 'Submission on Sterilisation to Australian Law Reform Commission Inquiry Issues Paper, Review of the Family Law System (2018)'.

Steele, L, Fleming, R, Phillipson, L & Swaffer, K 2018, 'Human Rights of People Living with Dementia and Segregation through Residential Aged Care Facilities'.

Vijeyarasa, R 2018, 'The Modern Slavery Act: Did Australia get it Right?'.

Vijeyarasa, R 2018, 'Women leaders in a man's world: A glimpse into Australia's foreign policy under Gillard - Part I', Center for Feminist Foreign Policy.
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Women make the world a better place for other women. Or do they? Some maintain that a woman in the top job will mean a brighter future for fellow women. However, we cannot even accept at face value the assumption that women leaders are good for women. This two-part series explores the case of Julia Gillard, Australia’s first and thus far only female Prime Minister (from 2010-2013), regarding the issue of women’s rights in her domestic and foreign policy agenda. Vijeyarasa discusses.

Vijeyarasa, R 2018, 'Women leaders in a man's world: Does a feminist foreign policy require a woman leader at the top? - Part II', Center for Feminist Foreign Policy.

Wangmann, J 2018, 'Exploring gender differences in the perpetration of intimate partner violence: The importance of context'.
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Invited presentation to the Domestic and Family Violence Forum, Nepean Blue Mountains

Whittaker, A & Libesman, T 2018, 'Why controversial child protection reforms in NSW could lead to another Stolen Generation'.

Wilding, D 2018, 'Defamation Laws Must Balance Protecting Reputations with Freedom of Expression', Guardian, Australia.

Wilding, D & Fray, P 2018, 'How ABC Chairman Justin Milne Compromised the Independence of the National Broadcaster', The Conversation.