Publications

Ashique, S, Anand, K, Kumar, P, Dua, K, Chellappan, DK & Fatima, N 2024, 'Dyes from Natural Products: Characterization, Chemical and Biochemical Analysis, and their Importance' in Advances in Natural Dyes for Environmental Protection, Apple Academic Press, pp. 27-60.
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Ashique, S, Hussain, A, Kumar, P, Mishra, N, Gupta, G & Dua, K 2024, 'Landscape on the Drug Development Strategies for Marine Products' in Handbook of Research in Marine Pharmaceutics, Apple Academic Press, pp. 27-47.
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Ashique, S, Kumar, S, Upadhyay, A, Garg, A, Mishra, N, Kumar, P, Dua, K, Farid, A & Hussain, A 2024, 'Role of Synbiotics in Inflammatory Lung Diseases' in Synbiotics in Human Health: Biology to Drug Delivery, Springer Nature Singapore, pp. 55-96.
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Chawla, V, Singh, D, Chawla, PA & Dua, K 2024, '1 Introduction to computer simulations in drug delivery: current strategies and future prospects' in Computational Drug Delivery, De Gruyter, pp. 1-18.
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Corrie, L, Gulati, M, Kapoor, B, Adams, J, Dua, K, Singh, SK & Dureja, H 2024, 'Polysaccharide-Based Nano-delivery Systems for the Treatment of Colorectal Cancer' in Handbook of Oncobiology: From Basic to Clinical Sciences, Springer Nature Singapore, pp. 1451-1476.
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Use of nano-delivery systems for the treatment of colorectal cancer has been tried successfully for almost all known varieties of such delivery systems. However, the unique property of polysaccharides of resisting disintegration by highly variant nature of gastric and intestinal milieu in terms of pH, peristalsis, enzymes, and viscosity renders them highly suitable for protecting the entrapped drug throughout the GI sojourn till colon. This is further supported by the fact that polysaccharides act as food for the colorectal microbiome. So, not only does the colonic microbiota disintegrate the protective polysaccharides coating of such carriers but also flourish on them. This, in turn, ensures that the microbiome remains conducive for targeted delivery of subsequent doses. A number of nano-delivery systems either made from polysaccharides or functionalized by polysaccharides are discussed in the current chapter. The characteristics of the various categories of polysaccharide-based nano-delivery systems are also elaborated along with the advantages and limitations thereof.

Disouza, J, Kumbhar, P, Manjappa, A, Nadaf, S, Kumbar, V, Singh, SK, Dua, K & Patravale, V 2024, 'Characterization of polymers' in Polymers for Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Applications, Elsevier, pp. 107-129.
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Dua, K, Kumbhar, P, Nadaf, S, Manjappa, A, Karade, P, Mali, U, Singh, SK, Disouza, J & Patravale, V 2024, 'Polymer dissolution' in Polymers for Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Applications, Elsevier, pp. 131-151.
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Elseviers, M, Wettermark, B, Mueller, T, Almarsdottir, A, Benkő, R, Bennie, M, Iaru, I, Gvozdanovic, K, Hoffmann, M, Ivanovska, V, MacBride‐Stewart, S, Poluzzi, E, G.Pont, L, Blix, H, Sanfelix‐Gimeno, G, W.Selke, G, Taxis, K, Petrović, A, Trečiokienė, I & Vogler, S 2024, 'The Glasgow Declaration', Wiley, pp. 580-582.
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G.Pont, L, Nguyen, T & Roughead, E 2024, 'Drug utilization research in theWestern Pacific Region', Wiley, pp. 557-562.
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Gulati, N, Dua, K & Dureja, H 2024, 'Nanobiotechnology for Brain Tumor-Targeted Therapies' in Interdisciplinary Biotechnological Advances, Springer Nature Singapore, pp. 21-44.
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Gulati, N, Nagar, L, Dua, K & Dureja, H 2024, 'Nanotechnology in the Diagnosis of Allergic Airway Diseases' in Understanding Allergic Airway Diseases, Springer Nature Singapore, pp. 81-97.
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Hajiebrahimi, M, Pont, L & Garuoliene, K 2024, 'Secondary drug utilization data', Wiley, pp. 104-114.
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Jeyabalan, JB, Pathak, S, Lynn, G, Kiu, K, Deruiter, J, Dua, K, Singh, S, Alharbi, HF, Gowthamarajan & Dhanasekaran, M 2024, 'Application of Artificial Intelligence in NeuroCOVID-19' in Nutritional Neurosciences, Springer Nature Singapore, pp. 145-156.
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Kaur, A, Sharma, RB & Dua, K 2024, 'Approaches for Prevention of Antibacterial Drug Resistance' in Advances in Medical Technologies and Clinical Practice, IGI Global, pp. 51-91.
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Antibiotic resistance, the phenomenon where bacteria evolve to withstand the effects of antibiotics, has become a pressing global health crisis. Over the past century, antibiotics have revolutionized medicine, saved countless lives, and enabled medical advancements. However, the overuse and misuse of these life-saving drugs, in human medicine, agriculture, and animal husbandry, have contributed to the development of antibiotic-resistant bacteria. This resistance not only threatens our ability to treat common infections but also compromises modern medical procedures such as surgeries, chemotherapy, and organ transplants. The consequences of antibiotic resistance are dire. Infections once easily treatable can become deadly, and the economic burden on healthcare systems is substantial. The pipeline for new antibiotics is alarmingly dry, with pharmaceutical companies finding it financially unattractive to invest in these short-course drugs. This scarcity of novel antibiotics further exacerbates the problem. Addressing antibiotic resistance requires a multifaceted approach, including responsible antibiotic use, the development of new antibiotics, and improved infection prevention and control measures. Global cooperation and comprehensive policies are crucial in combating this issue, recognizing its cross-border nature. The public's understanding of antibiotic resistance is key to its mitigation. Public awareness campaigns and education are pivotal in promoting responsible antibiotic use and infection prevention. By collectively tackling antibiotic resistance, we can ensure the continued effectiveness of antibiotics and safeguard the health of current and future generations.

Kumari, S, Kumar, V, Sahoo, J, Kumar, M, Dua, K & Mishra, S 2024, 'Remote Patient Monitoring with Blockchain: Powerful and Flexible Patient Observation System' in Creating Smart Healthcare with Blockchain and Advanced Digital Technology, Apple Academic Press, pp. 279-310.
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Kumbhar, P, Kolekar, K, Patil, R, Rhatwal, R, Singh, SK, Dua, K, Patravale, V & Disouza, J 2024, 'Advanced Drug Delivery Approaches Containing Synbiotics' in Synbiotics in Human Health: Biology to Drug Delivery, Springer Nature Singapore, pp. 459-472.
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Nadar, RM, Liu, K, Pathak, S, DeRuiter, J, Ramapuram, JB, Lynn, G, Carl, B, Dua, K, Moore, T & Dhanasekaran, M 2024, 'Synbiotics as a Nutraceutical Adjuvant: Neuroprotective and Neurorestorative Effects' in Synbiotics in Human Health: Biology to Drug Delivery, Springer Nature Singapore, pp. 377-392.
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Patel, A, Vora, H, Prajapati, BG, Singh, SK, Dua, K, Patel, A & Patel, S 2024, 'Decipher the role of cancer stem cells in colorectal cancer based on molecular pathology and its clinical significance' in Colorectal Cancer, Elsevier, pp. 533-555.
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Pathak, S, Kim, S, Lynn, G, Martin, N, Thomas, B, Patel, I, Nadar, RM, Pondugul, S, DeRuiter, J, Dua, K, Moore, T & Dhanasekaran, M 2024, 'Ideal Synbiotics: Pharmacokinetic, Pharmacodynamic, and Safety Assessment' in Synbiotics in Human Health: Biology to Drug Delivery, Springer Nature Singapore, pp. 473-494.
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Sharma, U, Khambete, H, Singh, N, Jain, S, Jain, N & Dua, K 2024, 'Computational Approaches for Drug Delivery of Nanoparticles', Wiley, pp. 247-282.
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Verma, N, Kumar, J, Kanojia, N, Thapa, K & Dua, K 2024, 'Nutraceuticals and phytoceuticals in the treatment of colon disorders' in Advanced Drug Delivery Systems for Colonic Disorders, Elsevier, pp. 223-241.
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Verma, N, Puri, V, Sharma, A, Dheer, D, Kanojia, N, Thapa, K, Thakur, N, Sood, P & Dua, K 2024, 'Microneedles for various ocular diseases' in Design and Applications of Microneedles in Drug Delivery and Therapeutics, Elsevier, pp. 303-326.
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Verma, N, Puri, V, Sharma, A, Thakur, N & Dua, K 2024, 'Introduction of anatomy of the skin and microneedles as a smart carrier for drug delivery' in Design and Applications of Microneedles in Drug Delivery and Therapeutics, Elsevier, pp. 1-32.
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Verma, N, Thapa, K, Kanojia, N, Kaur, G, Sood, P, Kumar, J & Dua, K 2024, 'Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms Involving Synbiotics in Various Disease State' in Synbiotics in Human Health: Biology to Drug Delivery, Springer Nature Singapore, pp. 231-254.
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Verma, N, Thapa, K, Kanojia, N, Sood, P, Kumar, J & Dua, K 2024, 'Nanomedicine and epigenome: Possible health risks, benefits, and future perspectives' in Cancer Epigenetics and Nanomedicine, Elsevier, pp. 381-399.
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Verma, N, Thapa, K, Kanojia, N, Sood, P, Kumar, J, Thakur, N & Dua, K 2024, 'OX40 and CD40 Agonists for the Treatment of Lung Cancer' in Immunotherapy Against Lung Cancer, Springer Nature Singapore, pp. 181-199.
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Vishwas, S, Gulati, M, Singh, SK, Bashir, B, Kumar, R, Gupta, G & Dua, K 2024, 'Natural Medicines (Phytoconstituents) and Probiotics as the Future of Alzheimer’s Disease' in Multi-Factorial Approach as a Therapeutic Strategy for the Management of Alzheimer’s Disease, Springer Nature Singapore, pp. 397-412.
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Wettermark, B, Elseviers, M, Mueller, T, Almarsdottir, A, Benkő, R, Bennie, M, Iaru, I, Gvozdanovic, K, Hoffmann, M, Ivanovska, V, MacBride‐Stewart, S, Poluzzi, E, G.Pont, L, Blix, H, Sanfelix‐Gimeno, G, W.Selke, G, Taxis, K, Petrović, A, Trečiokienė, I & Vogler, S 2024, 'Introduction to drug utilization research', Wiley, pp. 1-13.
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Yanadaiah, P, Babu, MR, Dureja, H, Kumbhar, P, Disouza, J, Gupta, G, Dua, K & Singh, SK 2024, 'An Update on Clinical Trials on Synbiotics' in Synbiotics in Human Health: Biology to Drug Delivery, Springer Nature Singapore, pp. 507-518.
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Acharya, M, Singh, N, Gupta, G, Tambuwala, MM, Aljabali, AAA, Chellappan, DK, Dua, K & Goyal, R 2024, 'Vitamin D, Calbindin, and calcium signaling: Unraveling the Alzheimer's connection', Cellular Signalling, vol. 116, pp. 111043-111043.
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Alam, MS, Khandale, N, Birla, D, Bashir, B, Vishwas, S, Kulkarni, MP, Rajput, RP, Pandey, NK, Loebenberg, R, Davies, NM, Gupta, G, Dureja, H, Kumbhar, P, Disouza, J, Kumar, P, Dua, K & Singh, SK 2024, 'Formulation and optimization of xanthohumol loaded solid dispersion for effective treatment of Parkinson's disease in rats: In vitro and in vivo assessment', Journal of Drug Delivery Science and Technology, vol. 102, pp. 106385-106385.
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Allam, VSRR, Patel, VK, De Rubis, G, Paudel, KR, Gupta, G, Chellappan, DK, Singh, SK, Hansbro, PM, Oliver, BGG & Dua, K 2024, 'Exploring the role of the ocular surface in the lung-eye axis: Insights into respiratory disease pathogenesis', Life Sciences, vol. 349, pp. 122730-122730.
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Amador-Fernández, N, de Gabiole, TV, Steeb, D & Berger, J 2024, 'The Postgraduate Community Pharmacy Education System: Commentary on the Swiss System', Indian Journal of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, vol. 58, no. 3, pp. 1002-1006.
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Amador-Fernandez, N, Desselle, S, García-Cárdenas, V, Dineen-Griffin, S & Benrimoj, SI 2024, 'Community pharmacy and selfcare provision: An international perspective', Exploratory Research in Clinical and Social Pharmacy, pp. 100466-100466.
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Ashique, S, Sirohi, E, Kumar, S, Rihan, M, Mishra, N, Bhatt, S, Gautam, RK, Singh, SK, Gupta, G, Chellappan, DK & Dua, K 2024, 'Aducanumab in Alzheimer’s Disease: A Critical Update', Current Medicinal Chemistry, vol. 31, no. 31, pp. 5004-5026.
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:Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a complex neurological disorder that results in cognitivedecline. The incidence rates of AD have been increasing, particularly among individuals60 years of age or older. In June 2021, the US FDA approved aducanumab, the first humanizedmonoclonal antibody, as a potential therapeutic option for AD. Clinical trials have shownthis drug to effectively target the accumulation of Aβ (beta-amyloid) plaques in the brain, andits effectiveness is dependent on the dosage and duration of treatment. Additionally, aducanumabhas been associated with improvements in cognitive function. Biogen, the pharmaceuticalcompany responsible for developing and marketing aducanumab, has positioned it asa potential breakthrough for treating cerebral damage in AD. However, the drug has raisedconcerns due to its high cost, limitations, and potential side effects. AD is a progressive neurologicalcondition that affects memory, cognitive function, and behaviour. It significantly impactsthe quality of life of patients and caregivers and strains healthcare systems. Ongoing researchfocuses on developing disease-modifying therapies that can halt or slow down AD progression.The pathogenesis of AD involves various molecular cascades and signaling pathways.However, the formation of extracellular amyloid plaques is considered a critical mechanismdriving the development and progression of the disease. Aducanumab, as a monoclonalantibody, has shown promising results in inhibiting amyloid plaque formation, which is theprimary pathological feature of AD. This review explores the signaling pathways and molecularmechanisms through which aducanumab effectively prevents disease pathogenesis in AD.

Athalye, M, Teli, D, Chorawala, M, Sharma, A, Patel, R, Dua, K, Singh, SK, Gupta, G & Patel, M 2024, 'Apolipoprotein E3 functionalized lipid-drug conjugated nanoparticles of Levetiracetam for enhanced delivery to the brain: In-vitro cell line studies and in-vivo study', International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, vol. 254, pp. 127799-127799.
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A significant portion of brain-tumor patients suffer from 'brain-tumor-related epilepsy (BTE)' which results in depression, anxiety and hampered quality of life. Conventional anti-epileptic drugs indicate negative interaction with other drugs augmenting the poor outcome of overall therapy. Levetiracetam (LVM) has evidenced effectiveness for BTE but its hydrophilicity restricts the passage into blood-brain barrier. The majority of lipid nanoparticles fails to load hydrophilic drug sufficiently. Therefore, lipid-drug conjugates (LDC) were synthesized using stearic acid via amide bond formation confirmed by FTIR and NMR. The nanoparticles of synthesized LDC were prepared by solvent injection method followed by functionalization with Apolipoprotein E3 (ApoE3@LDC-NP). The nanoparticles were characterized by DSC, XRD, particle size (131.6 ± 1.24 nm), zeta potential (-15.6 ± 0.09 mV), and for storage stability. In-vitro release study indicated initial burst release of 20 ± 0.63 % followed by sustained release up to 30 h (66 ± 1.40 %) for ApoE3@LDC-NP. The cell-line study on HEK293 indicated no significant cytotoxic effect and greater cell uptake through U87MG cell line. The pharmacokinetic and bio-distribution study indicated 2.5-fold greater brain-targeting of ApoE3@LDC-NP as compared to LVM solution. It proved safe in the haemolysis study and exhibited the absence of tissue necrosis. Thus, ApoE3@LDC-NP might be a promising approach for effective brain-targeting of LVM for improved clinical response in BTE.

Babu, MR, Vishwas, S, Khursheed, R, Harish, V, Sravani, AB, Khan, F, Alotaibi, B, Binshaya, A, Disouza, J, Kumbhar, PS, Patravale, V, Gupta, G, Loebenberg, R, Arshad, MF, Patel, A, Patel, S, Dua, K & Singh, SK 2024, 'Unravelling the role of microneedles in drug delivery: Principle, perspectives, and practices', Drug Delivery and Translational Research, vol. 14, no. 6, pp. 1393-1431.
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Bangar, A, Khan, H, Kaur, A, Dua, K & Singh, TG 2024, 'Understanding mechanistic aspect of the therapeutic role of herbal agents on neuroplasticity in cerebral ischemic-reperfusion injury', Journal of Ethnopharmacology, vol. 319, pp. 117153-117153.
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ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: Stroke is one of the leading causes of death and disability. The only FDA-approved therapy for treating stroke is tissue plasminogen activator (tPA), exhibiting a short therapeutic window. Due to this reason, only a small number of patients can be benefitted in this critical period. In addition, the use of endovascular interventions may reverse vessel occlusion more effectively and thus help further improve outcomes in experimental stroke. During recovery of blood flow after ischemia, patients experience cognitive, behavioral, affective, emotional, and electrophysiological changes. Therefore, it became the need for an hour to discover a novel strategy for managing stroke. The drug discovery process has focused on developing herbal medicines with neuroprotective effects via modulating neuroplasticity. AIM OF THE STUDY: We gather and highlight the most essential traditional understanding of therapeutic plants and their efficacy in cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury. In addition, we provide a concise summary and explanation of herbal drugs and their role in improving neuroplasticity. We review the pharmacological activity of polyherbal formulations produced from some of the most frequently referenced botanicals for the treatment of cerebral ischemia damage. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A systematic literature review of bentham, scopus, pubmed, medline, and embase (elsevier) databases was carried out with the help of the keywords like neuroplasticity, herbal drugs, neural progenitor cells, neuroprotection, stem cells. The review was conducted using the above keywords to understand the therapeutic and mechanistic role of herbal neuroprotective agents on neuroplasticity in cerebral ischemic-reperfusion injury. RESULTS: Neuroplasticity emerged as an alternative to improve recovery and management after cerebral ischemic reperfusion injury. Neuroplasticity is a physiological process throughout one's life in response to any stimuli and...

Bani Saeid, A, De Rubis, G, Williams, KA, Yeung, S, Chellappan, DK, Singh, SK, Gupta, G, Hansbro, PM, Shahbazi, M-A, Gulati, M, Kaur, IP, Santos, HA, Paudel, KR & Dua, K 2024, 'Revolutionizing lung health: Exploring the latest breakthroughs and future prospects of synbiotic nanostructures in lung diseases', Chemico-Biological Interactions, vol. 395, pp. 111009-111009.
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Bashir, B, Alam, S, Khandale, N, Birla, D, Vishwas, S, Pandey, NK, Gupta, G, Paudel, KR, Dureja, H, Kumar, P, Singh, TG, Kuppusamy, G, Zacconi, FC, Pinto, TDJA, Dhanasekaran, M, Gulati, M, Dua, K & Singh, SK 2024, 'Opening avenues for treatment of neurodegenerative disease using post-biotics: Breakthroughs and bottlenecks in clinical translation', Ageing Research Reviews, vol. 95, pp. 102236-102236.
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Bashir, B, Mittal, S, Muthukumar, A, Vishwas, S, Pandey, NK, Gulati, M, Gupta, G, Dhanasekaran, M, Kumar, P, Dureja, H, Veiga, F, Paiva-Santos, AC, Adams, J, Dua, K & Singh, SK 2024, 'Harnessing the neuroprotective effect of oral administration of benfotiamine in MPTP induced Parkinson's disease in rats', European Journal of Pharmacology, vol. 962, pp. 176234-176234.
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The study was performed to evaluate the neuroprotective effects of Benfotiamine (BFT) in 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)-induced Parkinson's disease (PD) in rats. The rats were given daily doses of BFT (100mg/kg, 200mg/kg) through oral administration for 42 days. The rats were given a single bilateral dosage of MPTP (0.1 mg/nostril) intranasally once before the drug treatment to induce PD. On day 42, the animals were subjected to various behavioral paradigms. Post-treatment with BFT for 42 days significantly improved the motor and nonmotor fluctuations of MPTP. The results demonstrated that treatment with BFT ameliorated MPTP-induced disorders in behavior, body balance, and dopamine levels in the mid-brain. Among the post-treated groups, a high dose of BFT was the most effective treatment. Mean values are indicated in ±SEM, n = 5***(p < 0.001) when compared with the vehicle control, n = 5 ### (p < 0.001) when compared with the disease control; (p < 0.001) when compared with the BFT per se; (p < 0.001) when compared with the low dose of BFT; (p < 0.001) when compared with the high dose of BFT. Our finding suggests that BFT contributed to superior antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory and could be a novel therapeutic method for PD management. In conclusion, BFT could be a potential drug candidate for curbing and preventing PD.

Bashir, B, Singh, SK, Gulati, M, Vishwas, S & Dua, K 2024, 'Xanthohumol loaded self‐nano emulsifying drug delivery system: Harnessing neuroprotective effects in Alzheimer’s Disease management', Alzheimer's & Dementia, vol. 20, no. S6.
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AbstractBackgroundAlzheimer’s disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the impairment of cognitive development and disruption of neurocognitive function. This neuropathological condition is marked by neurodegeneration, loss of neural tissue, and the formation of neurofibrillary tangles and Aβ plaques. Various studies reported the utilization of phytoconstituents like fisetin, quercetin, berberine, and xanthohumol for the treatment of AD. Among these phytoconstituents, XH is reported to have neuroprotective effects against AD by attenuating the levels of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) enzyme, accumulated amyloid β, oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, and mitochondrial dysfunction. In addition, XH also acts as senolytic, reducing the impact of cellular aging. Nevertheless, XH exhibits constrained solubility and encounters difficulty in traversing the blood‐brain barrier, thereby diminishing its efficacy in the target sites.MethodTo overcome these challenges, a self‐emulsifying drug delivery system (SNEDDS) for XH was devised, employing quality by design (QbD) based Box‐Behnken design (BBD). SNEDDS offers numerous advantages, encompassing increased drug loading, facile preparation, exceptional stability, as well as enhanced bioavailability and permeability across the blood‐brain barrier.ResultThe optimized XH‐loaded SNEDDS formulation exhibited droplet size, PDI, zeta potential, and drug loading as 40.23nm, 0.2, ‐15Mv, and 98% respectively. The formulation was found to be stable after six months in accelerated stability studies. The formulation underwent various pharmacodynamic studies. Pharmacodynamic studies assessed cognitive and motor functions in rats, revealing significant improvements in cognition with both low and high doses respectively. ...

Bhat, AA, Afzal, M, Goyal, A, Gupta, G, Thapa, R, almalki, WH, Kazmi, I, Alzarea, SI, Shahwan, M, Paudel, KR, Ali, H, Sahu, D, Prasher, P, Singh, SK & Dua, K 2024, 'The impact of formaldehyde exposure on lung inflammatory disorders: Insights into asthma, bronchitis, and pulmonary fibrosis', Chemico-Biological Interactions, vol. 394, pp. 111002-111002.
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Bhat, AA, Gupta, G, Dahiya, R, Thapa, R, Gahtori, A, Shahwan, M, Jakhmola, V, Tiwari, A, Kumar, M, Dureja, H, Singh, SK, Dua, K, Kumarasamy, V & Subramaniyan, V 2024, 'CircRNAs: Pivotal modulators of TGF-β signalling in cancer pathogenesis', Non-coding RNA Research, vol. 9, no. 2, pp. 277-287.
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Bhat, AA, Gupta, G, Goyal, A, Thapa, R, Almalki, WH, Kazmi, I, Alzarea, SI, Kukreti, N, Sekar, M, Meenakshi, DU, Singh, SK, MacLoughlin, R & Dua, K 2024, 'Unwinding circular RNA’s role in inflammatory pulmonary diseases', Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Archives of Pharmacology, vol. 397, no. 5, pp. 2567-2588.
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Bhat, AA, Kukreti, N, Afzal, M, Goyal, A, Thapa, R, Ali, H, Shahwan, M, Almalki, WH, Kazmi, I, Alzarea, SI, Singh, SK, Dua, K & Gupta, G 2024, 'Ferroptosis and circular RNAs: new horizons in cancer therapy.', EXCLI J, vol. 23, pp. 570-599.
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Cancer poses intricate challenges to treatment due to its complexity and diversity. Ferroptosis and circular RNAs (circRNAs) are emerging as innovative therapeutic avenues amid the evolving landscape of cancer therapy. Extensive investigations into circRNAs reveal their diverse roles, ranging from molecular regulators to pivotal influencers of ferroptosis in cancer cell lines. The results underscore the significance of circRNAs in modulating molecular pathways that impact crucial aspects of cancer development, including cell survival, proliferation, and metastasis. A detailed analysis delineates these pathways, shedding light on the molecular mechanisms through which circRNAs influence ferroptosis. Building upon recent experimental findings, the study evaluates the therapeutic potential of targeting circRNAs to induce ferroptosis. By identifying specific circRNAs associated with the etiology of cancer, this analysis paves the way for the development of targeted therapeutics that exploit vulnerabilities in cancer cells. This review consolidates the existing understanding of ferroptosis and circRNAs, emphasizing their role in cancer therapy and providing impetus for ongoing research in this dynamic field. See also the graphical abstract(Fig. 1).

Bhat, AA, Moglad, E, Afzal, M, Agrawal, N, Thapa, R, almalki, WH, Kazmi, I, Alzarea, SI, Ali, H, Sharma, S, Singh, SK, Dua, K & Gupta, G 2024, 'The Anticancer Journey of Liquiritin: Insights into Its Mechanisms and Therapeutic Prospects', Current Medicinal Chemistry, vol. 31.
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Abstract:Liquiritin (LIQ), a bioactive flavonoid from Glycyrrhiza species, has shownsignificant potential in cancer therapy. LIQ exhibits potent inhibitory effects on variouscancer cell types, including breast, lung, liver, and colon cancers, while demonstratinglow toxicity towards healthy cells. Its anticancer mechanisms include inducing cell cyclearrest, promoting apoptosis, and modulating inflammation-related pathways. Additionally,LIQ impedes angiogenesis and enhances the efficacy of conventional chemotherapiesthrough sensitization and synergistic effects with other natural compounds and targetedtherapies. These multifaceted actions highlight LIQ as a promising candidate forfurther development as an anticancer agent. This abstract provides an overview of LIQ'schemistry, biological effects, and underlying mechanisms.

Bhat, AA, Moglad, E, Afzal, M, Thapa, R, Almalki, WH, Kazmi, I, Alzarea, SI, Ali, H, Pant, K, Singh, TG, Dureja, H, Singh, SK, Dua, K, Gupta, G & Subramaniyan, V 2024, 'Therapeutic approaches targeting aging and cellular senescence in Huntington's disease', CNS Neuroscience & Therapeutics, vol. 30, no. 10.
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AbstractHuntington's disease (HD) is a devastating neurodegenerative disease that is manifested by a gradual loss of physical, cognitive, and mental abilities. As the disease advances, age has a major impact on the pathogenic signature of mutant huntingtin (mHTT) protein aggregation. This review aims to explore the intricate relationship between aging, mHTT toxicity, and cellular senescence in HD. Scientific data on the interplay between aging, mHTT, and cellular senescence in HD were collected from several academic databases, including PubMed, Google Scholar, Google, and ScienceDirect. The search terms employed were “AGING,” “HUNTINGTON'S DISEASE,” “MUTANT HUNTINGTIN,” and “CELLULAR SENESCENCE.” Additionally, to gather information on the molecular mechanisms and potential therapeutic targets, the search was extended to include relevant terms such as “DNA DAMAGE,” “OXIDATIVE STRESS,” and “AUTOPHAGY.” According to research, aging leads to worsening HD pathophysiology through some processes. As a result of the mHTT accumulation, cellular senescence is promoted, which causes DNA damage, oxidative stress, decreased autophagy, and increased inflammatory responses. Pro‐inflammatory cytokines and other substances are released by senescent cells, which may worsen the neuronal damage and the course of the disease. It has been shown that treatments directed at these pathways reduce some of the HD symptoms and enhance longevity in experimental animals, pointing to a new possibility of treating the condition. Through their amplification of the harmful effects of mHTT, aging and cellular senescence play crucial roles in the development of HD. Comprehending these interplays creates novel opportunities for therapeutic measures targeted at alleviating cellular aging and enhancing HD patients’ quality of life.

Bhat, AA, Moglad, E, Goyal, A, Afzal, M, Thapa, R, Almalki, WH, Kazmi, I, Alzarea, SI, Ali, H, Gaur, A, Singh, TG, Singh, SK, Dua, K & Gupta, G 2024, 'Nrf2 pathways in neuroprotection: Alleviating mitochondrial dysfunction and cognitive impairment in aging', Life Sciences, vol. 357, pp. 123056-123056.
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Bhat, AA, Riadi, Y, Afzal, M, Bansal, P, Kaur, H, Deorari, M, Ali, H, Shahwan, M, almalki, WH, Kazmi, I, Alzarea, SI, Dureja, H, Singh, SK, Dua, K & Gupta, G 2024, 'Exploring ncRNA-mediated pathways in sepsis-induced pyroptosis', Pathology - Research and Practice, vol. 256, pp. 155224-155224.
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Birla, D, Khandale, N, Ravindra Babu, M, Bashir, B, Shahbaz Alam, M, Vishwas, S, Chaitanya, MVNL, Gupta, G, Kumar Chellappan, D, Chawla, R, Singh, M, Dua, K & Kumar Singh, S 2024, 'An overview of hyphenated techniques used for the identification of genotoxic impurities in pharmaceutical products: Current status and future perspectives', Microchemical Journal, vol. 202, pp. 110828-110828.
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Chakraborty, S, Vishwas, S, Harish, V, Gupta, G, Paudel, KR, Dhanasekaran, M, Goh, BH, Zacconi, F, de Jesus Andreoli Pinto, T, Kumbhar, P, Disouza, J, Dua, K & Singh, SK 2024, 'Exploring nanoparticular platform in delivery of repurposed drug for Alzheimer’s disease: current approaches and future perspectives', Expert Opinion on Drug Delivery, vol. 21, no. 12, pp. 1771-1792.
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Chan, M, Ghadieh, C, Irfan, I, Khair, E, Padilla, N, Rebeiro, S, Sidgreaves, A, Patravale, V, Disouza, J, Catanzariti, R, Pont, L, Williams, K, De Rubis, G, Mehndiratta, S, Dhanasekaran, M & Dua, K 2024, 'Exploring the influence of the microbiome on the pharmacology of anti-asthmatic drugs', Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Archives of Pharmacology, vol. 397, no. 2, pp. 751-762.
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AbstractThe microbiome is increasingly implicated in playing a role in physiology and pharmacology; in this review, we investigate the literature on the possibility of bacterial influence on the pharmacology of anti-asthmatic drugs, and the potential impact this has on asthmatic patients. Current knowledge in this area of research reveals an interaction between the gut and lung microbiome and the development of asthma. The influence of microbiome on the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of anti-asthmatic drugs is limited; however, understanding this interaction will assist in creating a more efficient treatment approach. This literature review highlighted that bioaccumulation and biotransformation in the presence of certain gut bacterial strains could affect drug metabolism in anti-asthmatic drugs. Furthermore, the bacterial richness in the lungs and the gut can influence drug efficacy and could also play a role in drug response. The implications of the above findings suggest that the microbiome is a contributing factor to an individuals’ pharmacological response to anti-asthmatic drugs. Hence, future directions for research should follow investigating how these processes affect asthmatic patients and consider the role of the microbiome on drug efficacy and modify treatment guidelines accordingly.

Cordina, J, Ahmad, I, Nath, R, Abdul Rahim, B, Van, A, Al-Zuhairi, D, Williams, K, Pont, L, Catanzariti, R, Mehndiratta, S, Valdivia-Olivares, RY, De Rubis, G & Dua, K 2024, 'Comparative pharmacokinetic evaluation of nanoparticle-based vs. conventional pharmaceuticals containing statins in attenuating dyslipidaemia', Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Archives of Pharmacology, vol. 397, no. 10, pp. 7297-7306.
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AbstractDyslipidaemia describes the condition of abnormal lipid levels in a person’s bloodstream. Since the 1980s, statin medications have been used to treat dyslipidaemia and other comorbidities, such as stroke risk and atherosclerosis. Statin medications were initially synthesised from fungal metabolites, but many synthetic statin drugs have been manufactured since then. Statin medication is quite effective in reducing total cholesterol levels in the bloodstream, but it has limitations. Due to their poor water solubility, statin drugs possess poor oral bioavailability, which hinders their therapeutic efficacy. Nanoparticle drug delivery technology has been shown to improve the pharmacokinetic profiles of many drug classes, and statins have great potential to benefit from this. This paper reviewed the currently available literature on nanoparticle statin medication and evaluated the possible improvements that can be made to the pharmacokinetic profile and efficacy of conventional statin medication. It was found that the oral bioavailability of nanoparticle medication consistently outperformed conventional medication by up to 400% in some cases. Substantial improvements in time to peak plasma concentration and plasma concentration peaks were also found, and increased periods in circulation before excretion were shown. It was concluded that nanoparticle technology has the potential to completely replace conventional statin medication as it offers more significant benefits with minimal drawbacks. Upon further study and development, the manufacture of nanoparticle statin medication should become feasible enough for large-scale application, which will significantly benefit patients and unburden healthcare systems.

Corrie, L, Singh, H, Gulati, M, Vishwas, S, Chellappan, DK, Gupta, G, Paiva-Santos, AC, Veiga, F, Alotaibi, F, Alam, A, Eri, RD, Prasher, P, Adams, J, Paudel, KR, Dua, K & Singh, SK 2024, 'RETRACTED ARTICLE: Polysaccharide-fecal microbiota-based colon-targeted self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery system of curcumin for treating polycystic ovarian syndrome', Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Archives of Pharmacology, vol. 397, no. 9, pp. 6721-6743.
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Datsyuk, JK, De Rubis, G, Paudel, KR, Kokkinis, S, Oliver, BGG & Dua, K 2024, 'Cellular probing using phytoceuticals encapsulated advanced delivery systems in ameliorating lung diseases: Current trends and future prospects', International Immunopharmacology, vol. 141, pp. 112913-112913.
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De Rubis, G, Chakraborty, A, Paudel, KR, Wang, C, Kannaujiya, V, Wich, PR, Hansbro, PM, Samuel, CS, Oliver, B & Dua, K 2024, 'Exploring the anti-inflammatory and anti-fibrotic activity of NFκB decoy oligodeoxynucleotide-loaded spermine-functionalized acetalated nanoparticles', Chemico-Biological Interactions, vol. 396, pp. 111059-111059.
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De Rubis, G, MacLoughlin, R, Santos, HA, Shetty, S, Suares, D & Dua, K 2024, 'Preface', Technological Advances and Innovations in the Treatment of Chronic Respiratory Disorders, pp. xxi-xxii.
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De Rubis, G, Paudel, KR, Allam, VSRR, Malyla, V, Subramaniyan, V, Singh, SK, Panth, N, Gupta, G, Hansbro, PM, Chellappan, DK & Dua, K 2024, 'Involvement of osteopontin, EpCAM, estrogen receptor-alpha, and carbonic anhydrase IX protein in managing lung cancer via Berberine-loaded liquid crystalline nanoparticles', Pathology - Research and Practice, vol. 253, pp. 154971-154971.
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De Rubis, G, Paudel, KR, Corrie, L, Mehndiratta, S, Patel, VK, Kumbhar, PS, Manjappa, AS, Disouza, J, Patravale, V, Gupta, G, Manandhar, B, Rajput, R, Robinson, AK, Reyes, R-J, Chakraborty, A, Chellappan, DK, Singh, SK, Oliver, BGG, Hansbro, PM & Dua, K 2024, 'Applications and advancements of nanoparticle-based drug delivery in alleviating lung cancer and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease', Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Archives of Pharmacology, vol. 397, no. 5, pp. 2793-2833.
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Lung cancer (LC) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are among the leading causes of mortality worldwide. Cigarette smoking is among the main aetiologic factors for both ailments. These diseases share common pathogenetic mechanisms including inflammation, oxidative stress, and tissue remodelling. Current therapeutic approaches are limited by low efficacy and adverse effects. Consequentially, LC has a 5-year survival of < 20%, while COPD is incurable, underlining the necessity for innovative treatment strategies. Two promising emerging classes of therapy against these diseases include plant-derived molecules (phytoceuticals) and nucleic acid-based therapies. The clinical application of both is limited by issues including poor solubility, poor permeability, and, in the case of nucleic acids, susceptibility to enzymatic degradation, large size, and electrostatic charge density. Nanoparticle-based advanced drug delivery systems are currently being explored as flexible systems allowing to overcome these limitations. In this review, an updated summary of the most recent studies using nanoparticle-based advanced drug delivery systems to improve the delivery of nucleic acids and phytoceuticals for the treatment of LC and COPD is provided. This review highlights the enormous relevance of these delivery systems as tools that are set to facilitate the clinical application of novel categories of therapeutics with poor pharmacokinetic properties. This picture was generated with BioRender.

De Rubis, G, Paudel, KR, Vishwas, S, Kokkinis, S, Chellappan, DK, Gupta, G, MacLoughlin, R, Gulati, M, Singh, SK & Dua, K 2024, 'Fecal microbiome extract downregulates the expression of key proteins at the interface between airway remodelling and lung cancer pathogenesis in vitro', Pathology - Research and Practice, vol. 260, pp. 155387-155387.
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De Rubis, G, Paudel, KR, Yeung, S, Agarwal, V, Hansbro, PM, Oliver, BGG & Dua, K 2024, 'Ribavirin attenuates carcinogenesis by downregulating IL-6 and IL-8 in vitro in human lung adenocarcinoma', Pathology - Research and Practice, vol. 253, pp. 155038-155038.
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De Rubis, G, Paudel, KR, Yeung, S, Mohamad, S, Sudhakar, S, Singh, SK, Gupta, G, Hansbro, PM, Chellappan, DK, Oliver, BGG & Dua, K 2024, '18-β-glycyrrhetinic acid-loaded polymeric nanoparticles attenuate cigarette smoke-induced markers of impaired antiviral response in vitro', Pathology - Research and Practice, vol. 257, pp. 155295-155295.
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El Sherkawi, T, Bani Saeid, A, Yeung, S, Chellappan, DK, Mohamad, S, Kokkinis, S, Sudhakar, S, Singh, SK, Gupta, G, Paudel, KR, Hansbro, PM, Oliver, B, De Rubis, G & Dua, K 2024, 'Therapeutic potential of 18-β-glycyrrhetinic acid-loaded poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) nanoparticles on cigarette smoke-induced in-vitro model of COPD', Pathology - Research and Practice, vol. 263, pp. 155629-155629.
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Fatima, R, Prasher, P, Sharma, M, Singh, SK, Gupta, G & Dua, K 2024, 'The contemplation of amylose for the delivery of ulcerogenic nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs', Future Medicinal Chemistry, vol. 16, no. 8, pp. 791-809.
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This manuscript proposes an innovative approach to mitigate the gastrointestinal adversities linked with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) by exploiting amylose as a novel drug delivery carrier. The intrinsic attributes of V-amylose, such as its structural uniqueness, biocompatibility and biodegradability, as well as its capacity to form inclusion complexes with diverse drug molecules, are meticulously explored. Through a comprehensive physicochemical analysis of V-amylose and ulcerogenic NSAIDs, the plausibility of amylose as a protective carrier for ulcerogenic NSAIDs to gastrointestinal regions is elucidated. This review further discusses the potential therapeutic advantages of amylose-based drug delivery systems in the management of gastric ulcers. By providing controlled release kinetics and enhanced bioavailability, these systems offer promising prospects for the development of more effective ulcer therapies.

Ferreira, L, Torres, B, Hameed, H, Vieira, ACF, Singh, SK, Dua, K, Veiga, F, Pires, PC, Mazzola, PG & Paiva-Santos, AC 2024, 'Updated insights of active cosmetic ingredients against blue light: In vivo and in vitro evidence', Journal of Drug Delivery Science and Technology, vol. 101, pp. 106306-106306.
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Gadhave, DG, Sugandhi, VV, Jha, SK, Nangare, SN, Gupta, G, Singh, SK, Dua, K, Cho, H, Hansbro, PM & Paudel, KR 2024, 'Neurodegenerative disorders: Mechanisms of degeneration and therapeutic approaches with their clinical relevance', Ageing Research Reviews, vol. 99, pp. 102357-102357.
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Gandhi, H, Mahant, S, Sharma, AK, Kumar, D, Dua, K, Chellappan, DK, Singh, SK, Gupta, G, Aljabali, AAA, Tambuwala, MM & Kapoor, DN 2024, 'Exploring the therapeutic potential of naturally occurring piceatannol in non‐communicable diseases', BioFactors, vol. 50, no. 2, pp. 232-249.
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AbstractPiceatannol is a naturally occurring hydroxylated resveratrol analogue that can be found in a variety of fruits and vegetables. It has been documented to have a wide range of beneficial effects, including anti‐inflammatory, antioxidant, anti‐aging, anti‐allergic, antidiabetic, neuroprotective, cardioprotective, and chemopreventive properties. Piceatannol has significantly higher antioxidant activity than resveratrol. Piceatannol has been shown in preclinical studies to have the ability to inhibit or reduce the growth of cancers in various organs such as the brain, breast, lung, colon, cervical, liver, prostate, and skin. However, the bioavailability of Piceatannol is comparatively lower than resveratrol and other stilbenes. Several approaches have been reported in recent years to enhance its bioavailability and biological activity, and clinical trials are required to validate these findings. This review focuses on several aspects of natural stilbene Piceatannol, its chemistry, and its mechanism of action, and its promising therapeutic potential for the prevention and treatment of a wide variety of complex human diseases.

Garg, P, Pundir, S, Ali, A, Panja, S, Chellappan, DK, Dua, K, Kulshrestha, S & Negi, P 2024, 'Exploring the potential of Moringa oleifera Lam in skin disorders and cosmetics: nutritional analysis, phytochemistry, geographical distribution, ethnomedicinal uses, dermatological studies and cosmetic formulations', Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Archives of Pharmacology, vol. 397, no. 6, pp. 3635-3662.
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Moringa oleifera Lam. is a pan-tropical plant well known to the ancient world for its extensive therapeutic benefits in the Ayurvedic and Unani medical systems. The ancient world was familiar with this tree, but it has only lately been rediscovered as a multifunctional species with a huge range of possible therapeutic applications. It is a folk remedy for skin diseases, edema, sore gums, etc. This review comprises the history, ethnomedicinal applications, botanical characteristics, geographic distribution, propagation, nutritional and phytochemical profile, dermatological effects, and commercially available cosmeceuticals of Moringa oleifera Lam.Compilation of all the presented data has been done by employing various search engines like Science Direct, Google, PubMed, Research Gate, EBSCO, SciVal, SCOPUS, and Google Scholar.Studies on phytochemistry claim the presence of a variety of substances, including fatty acids, phenolic acids, sterols, oxalates, tocopherols, carotenoids, flavonoids, flavonols glycosides, tannins, terpenoids, terpene, saponins, phylates, alkaloids, glucosinolates, glycosides, and isothiocyanate. The pharmacological studies have shown the efficacy of Moringa oleifera Lam. as an antibacterial, antifungal, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-atopic dermatitis, antipsoriatic, promoter of wound healing, effective in treating herpes simplex virus, photoprotective, and UV protective. As a moisturizer, conditioner, hair growth promoter, cleanser, antiwrinkle, anti-aging, anti-acne, scar removal, pigmentation, and control for skin infection, sores, as well as sweating, it has also been utilized in a range of cosmeceuticals.he Moringa oleifera Lam. due to its broad range of phytochemicals can be proven boon for the treatment of dermatological disorders.

Gautam, RK, Mittal, P, Goyal, R, Dua, K, Mishra, DK, Sharma, S & Singla, RK 2024, 'Nanomedicine: Innovative Strategies and Recent Advances inTargeted Cancer Therapy', Current Medicinal Chemistry, vol. 31, no. 28, pp. 4479-4494.
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Abstract:Nanomedicine's application of nanotechnology in medicine holds tremendous potentialfor diagnosing and treating life-threatening diseases such as cancer. Unlike conventional therapies, nanomedicine offers a promising strategy to enhance clinical outcomes while minimizing severe side effects. The principle of drug targeting enables specific delivery of therapeutic agents totheir intended sites, making it a more precise and effective therapy. Combination strategies, suchas the co-delivery of chemotherapeutic drugs with nucleic acids or receptor-specific molecules,are being employed to enhance therapeutic outcomes. Nanocarriers and drug delivery systems designed using these approaches offer resourceful co-delivery of therapeutic agents for anticancertherapy. Targeted drug delivery via nanotechnology-based techniques has become an urgent needand has shown significant improvements in therapeutic implications, pharmacokinetics, specificity, reduced toxicity, and biocompatibility. This review discusses the extrapolation of nanomaterials for developing innovative and novel drug delivery systems for effective anticancer therapy.Additionally, we explore the role of nanotechnology-based concepts in drug delivery research.

Gulati, N, Chellappan, DK, MacLoughlin, R, Gupta, G, Singh, SK, Oliver, BG, Dua, K & Dureja, H 2024, 'Advances in nano-based drug delivery systems for the management of cytokine influx-mediated inflammation in lung diseases', Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Archives of Pharmacology, vol. 397, no. 6, pp. 3695-3707.
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Gunjal, P, Vishwas, S, Kumar, R, Bashir, B, Kumar, B, Khurana, N, Gulati, M, Gupta, G, Prasher, P, Kumbhar, P, Disouza, J, Kuppusamy, G, Mohammed, Y, Dureja, H, Dua, K & Singh, SK 2024, 'Enhancing the oral bioavailability offisetin: polysaccharide-based self nano-emulsifying spheroids for colon-targeteddelivery', Drug Delivery and Translational Research, vol. 14, no. 10, pp. 1-17.
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Gupta, G, Afzal, M, Moglad, E, Ali, H, Singh, TG, Kumbhar, P, Disouza, J, Almujri, SS, Kazmi, I, Alzarea, SI, Hemalatha, KP, Goh, BH, Singh, SK & Dua, K 2024, 'Non-coding RNAs as key regulators of Gasdermin-D mediated pyroptosis in cancer therapy', Pathology - Research and Practice, vol. 261, pp. 155490-155490.
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Ho, JSS, Ping, TL, Paudel, KR, El Sherkawi, T, De Rubis, G, Yeung, S, Hansbro, PM, Oliver, BGG, Chellappan, DK, Sin, KP & Dua, K 2024, 'Exploring Bioactive Phytomedicines for Advancing Pulmonary Infection Management: Insights and Future Prospects', Phytotherapy Research, vol. 38, no. 12, pp. 5840-5872.
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ABSTRACTPulmonary infections have a profound influence on global mortality rates. Medicinal plants offer a promising approach to address this challenge, providing nontoxic alternatives with higher levels of public acceptance and compliance, particularly in regions where access to conventional medications or diagnostic resources may be limited. Understanding the pathophysiology of viruses and bacteria enables researchers to identify biomarkers essential for triggering diseases. This knowledge allows the discovery of biological molecules capable of either preventing or alleviating symptoms associated with these infections. In this review, medicinal plants that have an effect on COVID‐19, influenza A, bacterial and viral pneumonia, and tuberculosis are discussed. Drug delivery has been briefly discussed as well. It examines the effect of bioactive constituents of these plants and synthesizes findings from in vitro, in vivo, and clinical studies conducted over the past decade. In conclusion, many medicinal plants can be used to treat pulmonary infections, but further in‐depth studies are needed as most of the current studies are only at preliminary stages. Extensive investigation and clinical studies are warranted to fully elucidate their mechanisms of action and optimize their use in clinical practice.

Hussain, MS, Afzal, O, Gupta, G, Goyal, A, Almalki, WH, Kazmi, I, Alzarea, SI, Alfawaz Altamimi, AS, Kukreti, N, Chakraborty, A, Singh, SK & Dua, K 2024, 'Unraveling NEAT1's complex role in lung cancer biology: a comprehensive review.', EXCLI J, vol. 23, pp. 34-52.
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This review delves into the pivotal role of the long non-coding RNA NEAT1 in cancer biology, particularly in lung cancer (LC). It emphasizes NEAT1's unique subcellular localization and active involvement in gene regulation and chromatin remodeling. The review highlights NEAT1's impact on LC development and progression, including cell processes such as proliferation, migration, invasion, and resistance to therapy, positioning it as a potential diagnostic marker and therapeutic target. The complex web of NEAT1's regulatory interactions with proteins and microRNAs is explored, alongside challenges in targeting it therapeutically. The review concludes optimistically, suggesting future avenues for research and personalized LC therapies, shedding light on NEAT1's crucial role in LC. See also the Graphical abstract(Fig. 1).

Hussain, MS, Altamimi, ASA, Afzal, M, almalki, WH, Kazmi, I, Alzarea, SI, Saleem, S, Prasher, P, Oliver, B, Singh, SK, MacLoughlin, R, Dua, K & Gupta, G 2024, 'From carcinogenesis to therapeutic avenues: lncRNAs and mTOR crosstalk in lung cancer', Pathology - Research and Practice, vol. 253, pp. 155015-155015.
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Hussain, MS, Gupta, G, Mishra, R, Patel, N, Gupta, S, Alzarea, SI, Kazmi, I, Kumbhar, P, Disouza, J, Dureja, H, Kukreti, N, Singh, SK & Dua, K 2024, 'Unlocking the secrets: Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) and their devastating effects on lung cancer', Pathology - Research and Practice, vol. 255, pp. 155157-155157.
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Hussain, MS, Gupta, G, Samuel, VP, Almalki, WH, Kazmi, I, Alzarea, SI, Saleem, S, Khan, R, Altwaijry, N, Patel, S, Patel, A, Singh, SK & Dua, K 2024, 'Immunopathology of herpes simplex virus‐associated neuroinflammation: Unveiling the mysteries', Reviews in Medical Virology, vol. 34, no. 1, p. e2491.
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AbstractThe immunopathology of herpes simplex virus (HSV)‐associated neuroinflammation is a captivating and intricate field of study within the scientific community. HSV, renowned for its latent infection capability, gives rise to a spectrum of neurological expressions, ranging from mild symptoms to severe encephalitis. The enigmatic interplay between the virus and the host's immune responses profoundly shapes the outcome of these infections. This review delves into the multifaceted immune reactions triggered by HSV within neural tissues, intricately encompassing the interplay between innate and adaptive immunity. Furthermore, this analysis delves into the delicate equilibrium between immune defence and the potential for immunopathology‐induced neural damage. It meticulously dissects the roles of diverse immune cells, cytokines, and chemokines, unravelling the intricacies of neuroinflammation modulation and its subsequent effects. By exploring HSV's immune manipulation and exploitation mechanisms, this review endeavours to unveil the enigmas surrounding the immunopathology of HSV‐associated neuroinflammation. This comprehensive understanding enhances our grasp of viral pathogenesis and holds promise for pioneering therapeutic strategies designed to mitigate the neurological ramifications of HSV infections.

Hussain, MS, Moglad, E, Afzal, M, Bansal, P, Kaur, H, Deorari, M, Ali, H, Shahwan, M, Hassan almalki, W, Kazmi, I, Alzarea, SI, Singh, SK, Dua, K & Gupta, G 2024, 'Circular RNAs in the KRAS pathway: Emerging players in cancer progression', Pathology - Research and Practice, vol. 256, pp. 155259-155259.
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Hussain, MS, Moglad, E, Afzal, M, Gupta, G, Hassan Almalki, W, Kazmi, I, Alzarea, SI, Kukreti, N, Gupta, S, Kumar, D, Chellappan, DK, Singh, SK & Dua, K 2024, 'Non-coding RNA mediated regulation of PI3K/Akt pathway in hepatocellular carcinoma: Therapeutic perspectives', Pathology - Research and Practice, vol. 258, pp. 155303-155303.
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Hussain, MS, Moglad, E, Afzal, M, Sharma, S, Gupta, G, Sivaprasad, GV, Deorari, M, Almalki, WH, Kazmi, I, Alzarea, SI, Shahwan, M, Pant, K, Ali, H, Singh, SK, Dua, K & Subramaniyan, V 2024, 'Autophagy‐associated non‐coding RNAs: Unraveling their impact on Parkinson's disease pathogenesis', CNS Neuroscience & Therapeutics, vol. 30, no. 5.
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AbstractBackgroundParkinson's disease (PD) is a degenerative neurological condition marked by the gradual loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta. The precise etiology of PD remains unclear, but emerging evidence suggests a significant role for disrupted autophagy—a crucial cellular process for maintaining protein and organelle integrity.MethodsThis review focuses on the role of non‐coding RNAs (ncRNAs) in modulating autophagy in PD. We conducted a comprehensive review of recent studies to explore how ncRNAs influence autophagy and contribute to PD pathophysiology. Special attention was given to the examination of ncRNAs' regulatory impacts in various PD models and patient samples.ResultsFindings reveal that ncRNAs are pivotal in regulating key processes associated with PD progression, including autophagy, α‐synuclein aggregation, mitochondrial dysfunction, and neuroinflammation. Dysregulation of specific ncRNAs appears to be closely linked to these pathogenic processes.ConclusionncRNAs hold significant therapeutic potential for addressing autophagy‐related mechanisms in PD. The review highlights innovative therapeutic strategies targeting autophagy‐related ncRNAs and discusses the challenges and prospective directions for developing ncRNA‐based therapies in clinical practice. The insights from this study underline the importance of ncRNAs in the molecular landscape of PD and their potential in novel treatment approaches.

Hussain, S, Gupta, G, Shahwan, M, Bansal, P, Kaur, H, Deorari, M, Pant, K, Ali, H, Singh, SK, Rama Raju Allam, VS, Paudel, KR, Dua, K, Kumarasamy, V & Subramaniyan, V 2024, 'Non-coding RNA: A key regulator in the Glutathione-GPX4 pathway of ferroptosis', Non-coding RNA Research, vol. 9, no. 4, pp. 1222-1234.
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Janitri, V, ArulJothi, KN, Ravi Mythili, VM, Singh, SK, Prasher, P, Gupta, G, Dua, K, Hanumanthappa, R, Kaliappan, K & Anand, K 2024, 'The roles of patient‐derived xenograft models and artificial intelligence toward precision medicine', MedComm, vol. 5, no. 10.
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AbstractPatient‐derived xenografts (PDX) involve transplanting patient cells or tissues into immunodeficient mice, offering superior disease models compared with cell line xenografts and genetically engineered mice. In contrast to traditional cell‐line xenografts and genetically engineered mice, PDX models harbor the molecular and biologic features from the original patient tumor and are generationally stable. This high fidelity makes PDX models particularly suitable for preclinical and coclinical drug testing, therefore better predicting therapeutic efficacy. Although PDX models are becoming more useful, the several factors influencing their reliability and predictive power are not well understood. Several existing studies have looked into the possibility that PDX models could be important in enhancing our knowledge with regard to tumor genetics, biomarker discovery, and personalized medicine; however, a number of problems still need to be addressed, such as the high cost and time‐consuming processes involved, together with the variability in tumor take rates. This review addresses these gaps by detailing the methodologies to generate PDX models, their application in cancer research, and their advantages over other models. Further, it elaborates on how artificial intelligence and machine learning were incorporated into PDX studies to fast‐track therapeutic evaluation. This review is an overview of the progress that has been done so far in using PDX models for cancer research and shows their potential to be further improved in improving our understanding of oncogenesis.

Jessamine, V, Mehndiratta, S, De Rubis, G, Paudel, KR, Shetty, S, Suares, D, Chellappan, DK, Oliver, BG, Hansbro, PM & Dua, K 2024, 'The application of nanoparticles as advanced drug delivery systems in Attenuating COPD', Heliyon, vol. 10, no. 3, pp. e25393-e25393.
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Jha, SK, De Rubis, G, Devkota, SR, Zhang, Y, Adhikari, R, Jha, LA, Bhattacharya, K, Mehndiratta, S, Gupta, G, Singh, SK, Panth, N, Dua, K, Hansbro, PM & Paudel, KR 2024, 'Cellular senescence in lung cancer: Molecular mechanisms and therapeutic interventions', Ageing Research Reviews, vol. 97, pp. 102315-102315.
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Kakoty, V, Kumar, S, Parasar, S, Pamthied, S, Wardhan, Y, Vishwas, S, Gulati, M, Gupta, G, Sulakhiya, K, Dua, K & Singh, SK 2024, 'Unravelling the role of nutraceutical supplements in treatment of Parkinson’s Disease', BIO Web of Conferences, vol. 86, pp. 01045-01045.
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Parkinson’s Disease (PD) causes motor dysfunction that usually begins in the elderly population. The prevalence rate of PD is increasing significantly. Currently available therapies are able to manage the disease, however, they have certain side effects associated with long term usage. Hence, there is a dire need to bring therapies that can offer good treatment to PD with less side effects. Recent research has revealed that food supplements which are specifically rich in antioxidants and vitamins have shown better efficacy against PD with a better safety profile. Hence, the present study focuses on the role of nutraceuticals in treatment of PD. Nutritional supplements targeting PD pathology were explored between 2016 and 2022 through Scopus, google scholar and PubMed. The review deciphered the neuroprotective benefits of vitamins, minerals, natural compounds, and phytochemicals that might procrastinate or help in the prevention of PD’s progression by targeting some of the major pathological mechanisms such as oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, misfolding of alpha-synuclein, and mitochondrial dysfunction. Various studies indicating the potential of nutraceutical supplements are discussed in detail.

Kakoty, V, Sarathlal, KC, Kaur, P, Wadhwa, P, Vishwas, S, Khan, FR, Alhazmi, AYM, Almasoudi, HH, Gupta, G, Chellappan, DK, Paudel, KR, Kumar, D, Dua, K & Singh, SK 2024, 'Unraveling the role of glial cell line–derived neurotrophic factor in the treatment of Parkinson’s disease', Neurological Sciences, vol. 45, no. 4, pp. 1409-1418.
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Kamal, R, Awasthi, A, Paul, P, Mir, MS, Singh, SK & Dua, K 2024, 'Novel drug delivery systems in colorectal cancer: Advances and future prospects', Pathology - Research and Practice, vol. 262, pp. 155546-155546.
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Kaur, H, Bashir, B, Kaur, A, Singh, N, Vishwas, S, Kumar, P, Dureja, H, Chaitanya, MVNL, Singh, TG, Gupta, G, Alam, A, Veiga, F, Paiva-Santos, AC, Dua, K & Singh, SK 2024, 'Unravelling role of crocin for the treatment of Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s disease: sojourn from food to nanomedicine', Phytochemistry Reviews, vol. 23, no. 6, pp. 1737-1760.
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Kazmi, I, Altamimi, ASA, Afzal, M, Majami, AA, AlGhamdi, AS, Alkinani, KB, Abbasi, FA, Almalki, WH, Alzera, SI, Kukreti, N, Fuloria, NK, Sekar, M & Abida 2024, 'The emerging role of non-coding RNAs in the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in Prostate Cancer', Pathology - Research and Practice, vol. 254, pp. 155134-155134.
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Khandale, NB, Birla, DS, Bashir, B, Singh, SK, Vishwas, S, Gulati, M & Dua, K 2024, 'Chrysin loaded Nanostructured lipid carrier (NLC) drug delivery system: Harnessing neuroprotective effects in the management of Alzheimer’s Disease', Alzheimer's & Dementia, vol. 20, no. S6.
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AbstractBackgroundAlzheimer’s Disease (AD) poses a substantial global health burden, necessitating innovative therapeutic strategies. This study investigates the neuroprotective potential of a chrysin‐loaded Nanostructured Lipid Carrier (NLC) drug delivery system in AD management. Employing the high‐pressure homogenization method, chrysin‐loaded NLCs were meticulously formulated to optimize drug delivery efficiency. The research explores the multifaceted neuroprotective effects of chrysin, a naturally occurring flavonoid, within the context of AD pathology. The intricate mechanisms of action underlying the chrysin‐loaded NLCs are elucidated, shedding light on their potential to modulate key pathways implicated in AD progression. This study advances our understanding of tailored drug delivery systems, specifically highlighting the therapeutic promise of chrysin‐loaded NLCs for the nuanced management of Alzheimer’s Disease.MethodTo overcome these challenges, a Nanostructured lipid carrier (NLC) for Chrysin was devised, employing quality by design (QbD) based Box‐Behnken design (BBD). NLC offers numerous advantages, encompassing increased drug loading, facile preparation, exceptional stability, as well as enhanced bioavailability and permeability across the blood‐brain barrier.ResultThe optimized Chrysin‐loaded NLC formulation exhibited Particle Size, PDI, zeta potential, and drug loading as 66.45nm, 0.19, ‐22mV, and 98% respectively. The formulation was found to be stable after six months in accelerated stability studies. The formulation underwent various pharmacodynamic studies. Pharmacodynamic studies assessed cognitive and motor functions in rats, revealing significant improvements in cognition with both low and high doses respectively. Additionally, the biochem...

Kibret, GD, Kamalakkannan, A, Thomas, J, Sezgin, G, Hardie, R-A, Pont, L, McGuire, P, Pearce, C & Georgiou, A 2024, 'Patient demographics and psychotropic medication prescribing in Australian general practices: pre- and during COVID-19 pandemic', Journal of Primary Health Care, vol. 16, no. 4, pp. 325-331.
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Introduction Mental health conditions, such as depression, anxiety, and psychological distress in the adult population significantly increased during the COVID-19 pandemic. However, the rates of prescribing psychotropic medications in adults during the COVID-19 period have not been well explored. Aim The aim of this study was to examine the association between demographic characteristics and rates of prescribing psychotropic medications to general practice patients during 2018–2022. Methods A total of 154 528 general practice patients aged 20 years and above were included in the study. A mixed effects negative binomial regression model was employed and incidence risk ratios (IRRs) with corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI) are presented to measure the association of demographic characteristics with rates of prescribing psychotropic medication. Results Over half (56.2%) of study subjects were female and 41.4% were aged between 20 and 39 years. Males had lower prescribing rates of antidepressants (IRR = 0.95; 95% CI: 0.94, 0.97) and hypnotics and sedatives (IRR = 0.97; 95% CI: 0.96, 0.99) than females. People in the age group 60+ years (compared with age group 20–39 years) and those in low and middle socio-economic status (SES) categories (compared with high SES) had higher rates of prescribing psychotropic medication. Conclusion Females, people aged 60+ years, and people with low and middle SES had higher prescribing rates of psychotropic medication. A consistent increase in prescribing rates over time, particularly during the COVID-19 pandemic, was observed. It is important that health care planners and policy makers monitor and account for population diversity and equity.

Kokkinis, S, De Rubis, G, Paudel, KR, Patel, VK, Yeung, S, Jessamine, V, MacLoughlin, R, Hansbro, PM, Oliver, B & Dua, K 2024, 'Liposomal curcumin inhibits cigarette smoke induced senescence and inflammation in human bronchial epithelial cells', Pathology - Research and Practice, vol. 260, pp. 155423-155423.
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Kokkinis, S, Paudel, KR, De Rubis, G, Yeung, S, Singh, M, Singh, SK, Gupta, G, Panth, N, Oliver, B & Dua, K 2024, 'Liposomal encapsulated curcumin attenuates lung cancer proliferation, migration, and induces apoptosis', Heliyon, vol. 10, no. 19, pp. e38409-e38409.
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Kokkinis, S, Singh, M, Paudel, KR, De Rubis, G, Bani Saeid, A, Jessamine, V, Datsyuk, J, Singh, SK, Vishwas, S, Adams, J, Hansbro, PM, Oliver, B, Gupta, G, Dureja, H & Dua, K 2024, 'Plant-based therapeutics for chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases: Nanoformulation strategies to overcome delivery challenges', Food Bioscience, vol. 58, pp. 103761-103761.
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Kopecky, C, Haug, M, Reischl, B, Deshpande, N, Manandhar, B, King, TW, Lee, V, Wilkins, MR, Morris, M, Polly, P, Friedrich, O, Rye, K & Cochran, BJ 2024, 'Effect of insulin insufficiency on ultrastructure and function in skeletal muscle', Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle, vol. 15, no. 1, pp. 112-123.
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AbstractBackgroundDecreased insulin availability and high blood glucose levels, the hallmark features of poorly controlled diabetes, drive disease progression and are associated with decreased skeletal muscle mass. We have shown that mice with β‐cell dysfunction and normal insulin sensitivity have decreased skeletal muscle mass. This project asks how insulin deficiency impacts on the structure and function of the remaining skeletal muscle in these animals.MethodsSkeletal muscle function was determined by measuring exercise capacity and specific muscle strength prior to and after insulin supplementation for 28 days in 12‐week‐old mice with conditional β‐cell deletion of the ATP binding cassette transporters ABCA1 and ABCG1 (β‐DKO mice). Abca1 and Abcg1 floxed (fl/fl) mice were used as controls. RNAseq was used to quantify changes in transcripts in soleus and extensor digitorum longus muscles. Skeletal muscle and mitochondrial morphology were assessed by transmission electron microscopy. Myofibrillar Ca2+ sensitivity and maximum isometric single muscle fibre force were assessed using MyoRobot biomechatronics technology.ResultsRNA transcripts were significantly altered in β‐DKO mice compared with fl/fl controls (32 in extensor digitorum longus and 412 in soleus). Exercise capacity and muscle strength were significantly decreased in β‐DKO mice compared with fl/fl controls (P = 0.012), and a loss of structural integrity was also observed in skeletal muscle from the β‐DKO mice. Supplementation of β‐DKO mice with insulin restored muscle integrity, strength and expression of 13 and 16 of the dysregulated transcripts in and extensor digitorum lo...

Kulkarni, MP, Paudel, KR, Saeid, AB, De Rubis, G, Chellappan, DK, Singh, M, Singh, SK, Gupta, G, Shahbazi, M-A, Oliver, BGG, Amiji, MM, Santos, HA & Dua, K 2024, 'Interplay of nano-based delivery systems and protein signalling in ameliorating lung diseases', Journal of Drug Delivery Science and Technology, vol. 102, pp. 106432-106432.
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Kumbhar, P, Kolekar, K, Vishwas, S, Shetti, P, Kumbar, V, Andreoli Pinto, TDJ, Paiva-Santos, AC, Veiga, F, Gupta, G, Singh, SK, Dua, K, Disouza, J & Patravale, V 2024, 'Treatment avenues for age-related macular degeneration: Breakthroughs and bottlenecks', Ageing Research Reviews, vol. 98, pp. 102322-102322.
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Kumbhar, P, Patil, O, Karade, P, Bhokare, R, Gupta, G, Singh, SK, Dua, K, Disouza, J & Patravale, V 2024, 'Metal-based Nanoparticles in the Treatment of Infectious Diseases', Nanoscience & Nanotechnology-Asia, vol. 14, no. 2.
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Abstract:Infectious diseases caused by different pathogens are responsible for high mortality across the globe. Multi-drug resistance (MDR) of microorganisms towards different antibiotics has posed a great challenge in treating infectious diseases efficiently. The metal-based nanoparticles (MNPs) have demonstrated great promise in treating infectious diseases because of their inherent antimicrobial potential. Besides, these NPs show site-specific delivery of antibiotic therapeutics, thereby minimizing dose, dose frequency, and side effects. Further, the synergistic effect of MNPs with an antibiotic can reduce the MDR. However, the fabrication of MNPs using an apt fabrication technique with proper control of charge, size, and morphology is highly required to achieve better therapeutic performance. This review focuses on MNPs as a potential avenue to treat infectious diseases. The role of MNPs in combating MDR, different sorts of MNPs, and their fabrication techniques are discussed. Furthermore, assorted types of MNPs employed in antibiotic delivery to treat infectious diseases are discussed with manifold case studies. In short, MNPs alone or as a carrier of antibiotics seems to be an effective strategy in wiping out infectious diseases.

Kumbhar, PS, Kamble, V, Vishwas, S, Kumbhar, P, Kolekar, K, Gupta, G, Veiga, F, Paiva-Santos, AC, Goh, BH, Singh, SK, Dua, K, Disouza, J & Patravale, V 2024, 'Unravelling the success of transferosomes against skin cancer: Journey so far and road ahead', Drug Delivery and Translational Research, vol. 14, no. 9, pp. 2325-2344.
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Kumbhar, PS, Kolekar, K, Nadaf, S, Vishwas, S, Kamble, V, Bhagwat, D, Gupta, G, Deshannavar, UB, Singh, SK, Dua, K, Disouza, J & Patravale, V 2024, 'Expanding the arsenal against diabetes mellitus via transdermal application of drug-loaded nanoparticles and microneedles: Recent advances and future perspectives', Journal of Drug Delivery Science and Technology, vol. 98, pp. 105930-105930.
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Lee, JY, Bhandare, RR, Boddu, SHS, Shaik, AB, Saktivel, LP, Gupta, G, Negi, P, Barakat, M, Singh, SK, Dua, K & Chellappan, DK 2024, 'Molecular mechanisms underlying the regulation of tumour suppressor genes in lung cancer', Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy, vol. 173, pp. 116275-116275.
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Lokesh, Gulati, N, Saini, A, Singh, S, Gupta, G, MacLoughlin, R, Chellappan, DK, Dua, K & Dureja, H 2024, 'Recent Trends and Applications of Nanostructure-based Drug Delivery in Alleviating Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)', Current Drug Delivery, vol. 21.
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Abstract:Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD), a chronic lung disease that causesbreathing difficulties and obstructs airflow from the lungs, has a significant global health burdenand affects millions of people worldwide. The use of pharmaceuticals in COPD treatment is aimedto alleviate symptoms, improve lung function, prevent exacerbations, and enhance the overall qualityof life for patients. Nanotechnology holds great promise to alleviate the burden of COPD. Themain goal of this review is to present the full spectrum of therapeutics based on nanostructures forthe treatment and management of COPD, including nanoparticles, polymeric nanoparticles, polymericmicelles, solid-lipid nanoparticles, liposomes, exosomes, nanoemulsions, nanosuspensions,and niosomes. Nanotechnology is just one of the many areas of research that may contribute to thedevelopment of more effective and personalized treatment modalities for COPD patients in the future.Future studies may be focused on enhancing the therapeutic effectiveness of nanocarriers byconducting extensive mechanistic investigations to translate current scientific knowledge for theeffective management of COPD with little or no adverse effects.

Mahanur, VB, Rajge, RR, Vishwas, S, Chaitanya, MVNL, Salahuddin, Mishra, R, Pandey, NK, Singh, S, Baghel, DS, Gupta, G, Collet, T, Oguntibeju, OO, Adams, J, Dua, K & Singh, SK 2024, 'Development and validation of RP-HPLC method for estimation of quercetin present in hydro alcoholic extract of Erigeron bonariensis Linn.', South African Journal of Botany, vol. 167, pp. 182-189.
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Manandhar, B, Pandzic, E, Deshpande, N, Chen, S-Y, Wasinger, VC, Kockx, M, Glaros, EN, Ong, KL, Thomas, SR, Wilkins, MR, Whan, RM, Cochran, BJ & Rye, K-A 2024, 'ApoA-I Protects Pancreatic β-Cells From Cholesterol-Induced Mitochondrial Damage and Restores Their Ability to Secrete Insulin', Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, & Vascular Biology, vol. 44, no. 2, pp. e20-e38.
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BACKGROUND: High cholesterol levels in pancreatic β-cells cause oxidative stress and decrease insulin secretion. β-cells can internalize apo (apolipoprotein) A-I, which increases insulin secretion. This study asks whether internalization of apoA-I improves β-cell insulin secretion by reducing oxidative stress. METHODS: Ins-1E cells were cholesterol-loaded by incubation with cholesterol-methyl-β-cyclodextrin. Insulin secretion in the presence of 2.8 or 25 mmol/L glucose was quantified by radioimmunoassay. Internalization of fluorescently labeled apoA-I by β-cells was monitored by flow cytometry. The effects of apoA-I internalization on β-cell gene expression were evaluated by RNA sequencing. ApoA-I-binding partners on the β-cell surface were identified by mass spectrometry. Mitochondrial oxidative stress was quantified in β-cells and isolated islets with MitoSOX and confocal microscopy. RESULTS: An F1-ATPase β-subunit on the β-cell surface was identified as the main apoA-I-binding partner. β-cell internalization of apoA-I was time-, concentration-, temperature-, cholesterol-, and F1-ATPase β-subunit-dependent. β-cells with internalized apoA-I (apoA-I+ cells) had higher cholesterol and cell surface F1-ATPase β-subunit levels than β-cells without internalized apoA-I (apoA-I− cells). The internalized apoA-I colocalized with mitochondria and was associated with reduced oxidative stress and increased insulin secretion. The IF1 (ATPase inhibitory factor 1) attenuated apoA-I internalization and increased oxidative stress in Ins-1E β-cells and isolated mouse...

Manandhar, B, Paudel, KR, Clarence, DD, De Rubis, G, Madheswaran, T, Panneerselvam, J, Zacconi, FC, Williams, KA, Pont, LG, Warkiani, ME, MacLoughlin, R, Oliver, BG, Gupta, G, Singh, SK, Chellappan, DK, Hansbro, PM & Dua, K 2024, 'Zerumbone-incorporated liquid crystalline nanoparticles inhibit proliferation and migration of non-small-cell lung cancer in vitro', Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Archives of Pharmacology, vol. 397, no. 1, pp. 343-356.
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AbstractLung cancer is the second most prevalent type of cancer and is responsible for the highest number of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) makes up the majority of lung cancer cases. Zerumbone (ZER) is natural compound commonly found in the roots ofZingiber zerumbetwhich has recently demonstrated anti-cancer activity in both in vitro and in vivo studies. Despite their medical benefits, ZER has low aqueous solubility, poor GI absorption and oral bioavailability that hinders its effectiveness. Liquid crystalline nanoparticles (LCNs) are novel drug delivery carrier that have tuneable characteristics to enhance and ease the delivery of bioactive compounds. This study aimed to formulate ZER-loaded LCNs and investigate their effectiveness against NSCLC in vitro using A549 lung cancer cells. ZER-LCNs, prepared in the study, inhibited the proliferation and migration of A549 cells. These inhibitory effects were superior to the effects of ZER alone at a concentration 10 times lower than that of free ZER, demonstrating a potent anti-cancer activity of ZER-LCNs. The underlying mechanisms of the anti-cancer effects by ZER-LCNs were associated with the transcriptional regulation of tumor suppressor genesP53andPTEN, and metastasis-associated geneKRT18. The protein array data showed downregulation of several proliferation associated proteins such as AXL, HER1, PGRN, and BIRC5 and metastasis-associated proteins such as DKK1, CAPG, CTSS, CTSB, CTSD, and PLAU. This study provides evidence of potential for increasing the potency and effectiveness of ZER with LCN formulation and developing ZER-LCNs as a treatment strategy for mitigation and treatment of NSCLC.

Nagar, L, Saini, A, Hussian, T, Gulati, N, Singh, SK, Gupta, G, Dua, K & Dureja, H 2024, 'Recent Patents and Applications of Nanoemulsion and Nanoemulgel for Topical Drug Delivery', Current Nanomedicine, vol. 15.
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Nanocarriers like nanoemulsions and nanoemulgels have emerged as revolutionary platformsin the realm of topical drug delivery, addressing many limitations of traditional dosageforms. Conventional methods often struggle with challenges such as poor skin penetration, inconsistentdrug targeting, and potential local toxicity, which can undermine therapeutic outcomes andpatient adherence. Nanoemulsions, with their submicron-sized droplets, offer a promising solutionby enhancing the delivery and bioavailability of therapeutic agents, especially those that are poorlysoluble. Nanoemulgels further elevate this potential by providing a versatile vehicle for lipophilicdrugs, overcoming the limitations of traditional formulations. These advanced formulations notonly improve drug penetration through the skin but also expand the range of active compounds viablefor clinical use. Their ability to target specific skin regions more effectively reduces adversereactions and increases therapeutic efficacy. This article delves into the physicochemical properties,preparation techniques, and latest advancements in nanoemulsions and nanoemulgels. By exploringrecent clinical trials and patents, the review provides valuable insights into the developmentand optimization of these cutting-edge topical drug delivery systems, offering a promisingavenue for enhancing dermatological treatments and patient outcomes.

Nagar, L, Saini, A, Kumar Singh, S, Gupta, G, MacLoughlin, R, Kumar Chellappan, D, Prasher, P, Chakraborty, A, Dua, K & Dureja, H 2024, 'Recent trends and applications of nanostructure-based drug delivery in alleviating pulmonary fibrosis', European Polymer Journal, vol. 220, pp. 113467-113467.
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Nanda, GP, Patel, M, Dua, K, Singh, SK & Patel, R 2024, 'Novel lipid-based nanocarrier of nitrofurantoin for improved oral bioavailability and reduced variability in absorption', Journal of Dispersion Science and Technology, vol. 45, no. 14, pp. 2536-2550.
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Osborne, V, Goodin, A, Brown, J, Winterstein, AG, Bate, A, Cohet, C, Pont, L, Moeny, D, Klungel, O, Pinheiro, S, Seeger, J, Chan, KA, Edlavitch, S, Tilson, H & Layton, D 2024, 'Updated core competencies in pharmacoepidemiology to inform contemporary curricula and training for academia, government, and industry', Pharmacoepidemiology and Drug Safety, vol. 33, no. 4.
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AbstractPurposeThe first paper to specify the core content of pharmacoepidemiology as a profession was published by an ISPE (International Society for Pharmacoepidemiology) workgroup in 2012 (Jones JK et al. PDS 2012; 21[7]:677–689). Due to the broader and evolving scope of pharmacoepidemiology, ISPE considers it important to proactively identify, update and expand the list of core competencies to inform curricula of education programs; thus, better positioning pharmacoepidemiologists across academic, government (including regulatory), and industry positions. The aim of this project was to update the list of core competencies in pharmacoepidemiology.MethodsTo ensure applicability of findings to multiple areas, a working group was established consisting of ISPE members with positions in academia, industry, government, and other settings. All competencies outlined by Jones et al. were extracted from the initial manuscript and presented to the working group for review. Expert‐based judgments were collated and used to identify consensus. It was noted that some competencies could contribute to multiple groups and could be directly or indirectly related to a group.ResultsFive core domains were proposed: (1) Epidemiology, (2) Clinical Pharmacology, (3) Regulatory Science, (4) Statistics and data science, and (5) Communication and other professional skills. In total, 55 individual competencies were proposed, of which 25 were new competencies. No competencies from the original work were dropped but aggregation or amendments were made where considered necessary.ConclusionsWhile many core competencies in pharmacoepidemiology have remained the same over the past 10 years, there have also been several updates to r...

Osman, M, Khalil, J, El-Bahri, M, Swalah Mcdahrou, J, Fahda, R, Mustafa, R, Ooi, A, Attayee, M, Catanzariti, R, Pont, L, Williams, K, Yeung, S, Dua, K, De Rubis, G & Loebenberg, R 2024, 'Decoding epilepsy treatment: A comparative evaluation contrasting cannabidiol pharmacokinetics in adult and paediatric populations', Chemico-Biological Interactions, vol. 394, pp. 110988-110988.
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Paramjot, Wadhwa, S, Sharma, A, Singh, SK, Vishwas, S, Kumar, R, Singh, S, Dua, K, Chellappan, DK & Gupta, G 2024, 'A Comprehensive Review on the Role of Polymers in Ocular DrugDelivery', Current Drug Delivery, vol. 21, no. 1, pp. 16-37.
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Abstract:Amongst different routes of drug delivery systems, ophthalmic drug delivery still requires acareful investigation and strict parameter measurements because the eyes are one of the most sensitiveparts of the body and require special attention. The conventional systems for eyes lead to rapid eliminationof formulation and hence very small contact time on the ocular epithelium. The current review articlecovers various types of polymers used in ocular drug delivery along with their applications/limitations. Polymers are widely used by researchers in prodrug techniques and as a penetrationenhancer in ocular delivery. This article covers the role and use of different polymeric systems whichmakes the final formulation a promising candidate for ophthalmic drug delivery.:The researchers are still facing multiple challenges in order to maintain the therapeutic concentration ofthe drug in the eyes because of its complex structure. There are several barriers that further restrict theintraocular entry of the drug. In order to remove/reduce such challenges, these days various types ofpolymers are used for ocular delivery in order to develop different drug carrier systems for better efficacyand stability. The polymers used are highly helpful in increasing residence time by increasing theviscosity at the ocular epithelium layer. Such preparations also get easily permeated in ocular cells. Thecombination of different polymeric properties makes the final formulation stable with prolonged retention,high viscosity, high permeability, and better bioavailability, making the final formulation a promisingcandidate for ocular drug delivery.

Patel, VK, Kokkinis, S, De Rubis, G, Hansbro, PM, Paudel, KR & Dua, K 2024, 'Curcumin liposomes attenuate the expression of cigarette smoke extract-induced inflammatory markers IL-8 and IL-24 in vitro.', EXCLI J, vol. 23, pp. 904-907.
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Pathak, S, Jeyabalan, JB, Liu, K, Cook, P, Lange, B, Kim, S, Nadar, R, Ward, K, Watts Alexander, CS, Kumar, A, Dua, K, Moore, T, Govindasamy, J & Dhanasekaran, M 2024, 'Assessing effects of Cannabis on various neuropathologies: A systematic review', Journal of Ayurveda and Integrative Medicine, vol. 15, no. 3, pp. 100911-100911.
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Paudel, KR, Clarence, DD, Panth, N, Manandhar, B, De Rubis, G, Devkota, HP, Gupta, G, Zacconi, FC, Williams, KA, Pont, LG, Singh, SK, Warkiani, ME, Adams, J, MacLoughlin, R, Oliver, BG, Chellappan, DK, Hansbro, PM & Dua, K 2024, 'Zerumbone liquid crystalline nanoparticles protect against oxidative stress, inflammation and senescence induced by cigarette smoke extract in vitro', Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Archives of Pharmacology, vol. 397, no. 4, pp. 2465-2483.
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AbstractThe purpose of this study was to evaluate the potential of zerumbone-loaded liquid crystalline nanoparticles (ZER-LCNs) in the protection of broncho-epithelial cells and alveolar macrophages against oxidative stress, inflammation and senescence induced by cigarette smoke extractin vitro. The effect of the treatment of ZER-LCNs onin vitrocell models of cigarette smoke extract (CSE)-treated mouse RAW264.7 and human BCi-NS1.1 basal epithelial cell lines was evaluated for their anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and anti-senescence activities using colorimetric and fluorescence-based assays, fluorescence imaging, RT-qPCR and proteome profiler kit. The ZER-LCNs successfully reduced the expression of pro-inflammatory markers includingIl-6,Il-1βandTnf-α, as well as the production of nitric oxide in RAW 264.7 cells. Additionally, ZER-LCNs successfully inhibited oxidative stress through reduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and regulation of genes, namelyGPX2andGCLCin BCi-NS1.1 cells. Anti-senescence activity of ZER-LCNs was also observed in BCi-NS1.1 cells, with significant reductions in the expression ofSIRT1,CDKN1AandCDKN2A. This study demonstrates strongin vitroanti-inflammatory, antioxidative and anti-senescence activities of ZER-LCNs paving the path for this formulation to be translated into a promising therapeutic agent for chronic respiratory inflammatory conditions including COPD and asthma.

Paudel, KR, Mohamad, MSB, De Rubis, G, Reyes, R-J, Panth, N, Dureja, H, Gupta, G, Singh, SK, Madheswaran, T, Collet, T, Hansbro, PM, Dua, K & Chellappan, DK 2024, '18-β-Glycyrrhetinic acid encapsulated PLGA nanoparticles attenuate lung cancer proliferation and migration', Journal of Drug Delivery Science and Technology, vol. 95, pp. 105523-105523.
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Paudel, KR, Singh, M, De Rubis, G, Kumbhar, P, Mehndiratta, S, Kokkinis, S, El-Sherkawi, T, Gupta, G, Singh, SK, Malik, MZ, Mohammed, Y, Oliver, BG, Disouza, J, Patravale, V, Hansbro, PM & Dua, K 2024, 'Computational and biological approaches in repurposing ribavirin for lung cancer treatment: Unveiling antitumorigenic strategies', Life Sciences, vol. 352, pp. 122859-122859.
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Piquer-Martinez, C, Urionagüena, A, Benrimoj, SI, Calvo, B, García-Cárdenas, V, Amador-Fernandez, N, Gastelurrutia, MA & Martinez Martinez, F 2024, 'Strategic interventions and a novel model for the integration of community pharmacy and primary care in Spain: qualitative insights', BMJ Open, vol. 14, no. 12, pp. e086285-e086285.
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ObjectivesTo explore the opinions and perceptions of key stakeholders on the integration between community pharmacy and primary care, within the Valencian Autonomous Community. Specific objectives include identifying strategic interventions to facilitate this integration. Additionally, the manuscript discusses the formulation of a novel model for the integration of community pharmacy and primary care.DesignQualitative, with data from five virtual focus groups (FG) and 12 semistructured interviews analysed thematically using NVivo and interventions prioritised through a virtual nominal group technique.SettingValencian Autonomous Community (Spain).ParticipantsFG involved community pharmacists (CP) and primary care stakeholders including general practitioners, primary care nurses, general practitioner pharmacists, social services managers and administrators. Interviewees were government representatives and professionals from organisations. Selection was through snowball sampling and invitations by Official Colleges of Pharmacists.ResultsFive themes emerged, revealing the multifaceted nature of integrating community pharmacies and primary care. ‘Integration’ was identified as an ambitious target, anchored in collaboration and communication efforts. The role of CP was particularly noted for their direct patient interaction and trust, vital in fostering medication adherence. Barriers like role ambiguity and regulatory environment were highlighted. Seven interventions were identified to enable integration, with three of them prioritised: ‘bidirectional communication’, ‘protocol standardisation’ and ‘multidisciplinary team strengthening’. These interventions, linked with ...

Pires, PC, Motallebi, M, Marques, MP, Correia, M, Sharma, A, Damiri, F, Hameed, H, Singh, SK, Dua, K, Jha, NK, Cabral, C, Veiga, F & Paiva‐Santos, AC 2024, 'Mentha aquatica (Water Mint) as a Source of Active Pharmaceutical and Cosmetic Ingredients: A Critical Review', Phytotherapy Research, vol. 38, no. 12, pp. 5806-5839.
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ABSTRACTMentha aquatica L., or water mint, is an important member of the Mentha genus, and has long been used in traditional medicine, mainly to treat respiratory diseases such as the common cold. Nevertheless, although over the years many studies have shown that it's potential grows beyond this use, a review that highlights M. aquatica L.'s true potential is still lacking. Thus, the main purpose of the present article is to provide a thorough and multidisciplinary critical review of M. aquatica L., including its phytochemical characterization, main bioactivities, and current marketed cosmetic products. Many compounds have been identified as part of M. aquatica L. composition, such as terpenes, phenolic acids, phenols, and terpenoids, which have been linked to a vast therapeutic potential, namely anti‐inflammatory, antioxidant, antibacterial, antifungal, antiobesity, and hepatoprotection bioactivities, with additional anticancer potential for several types of tumors (breast, lung, and skin), and psycho and neuroactive potential in depression, or Alzheimer's or Parkinson's disease. Additionally, it has been proven to be suitable for cosmetic application since several cleansing, hydrating, protecting, and/or odor masking products containing it are already available, with the main functions attributed to M. aquatica including refreshing/cooling effects, calming/soothing/relaxing effects, and purifying effects, properties closely related to its anti‐inflammatory and antioxidant bioactivities. Hence, M. aquatica is an extremely versatile plant, with its extracts and essential oils having great therapeutic and cosmetic potential. With many marketed cosmetic products, future studies should focus on this plant's medicinal aspects, so that 1 d...

Plakogiannis, FA, Weidmann, J, Fraser, B, Kwong, J, Asi, D, Kumar, P, Baldock, M, Naamo, J, Baluja, R, Catanzariti, R, Yeung, S, Pont, L, Williams, K, De Rubis, G, Dua, K & Bukhari, NI 2024, 'Investigation of smoking on the antiplatelet response to clopidogrel: Unravelling the smoker’s paradox', Pathology - Research and Practice, vol. 257, pp. 155290-155290.
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Poudel, RS, Williams, KA & Pont, LG 2024, 'Relationship between medication safety‐related processes and medication use in residential aged care facilities', Australasian Journal on Ageing, vol. 43, no. 4, pp. 802-810.
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AbstractObjectiveTo explore the association between the implementation of medication safety‐related processes measured with the Medication Safety Self‐Assessment for Long‐Term Care (MSSA‐LTC) tool and medication use in residential aged care facilities (RACFs).MethodsA descriptive cross‐sectional study was conducted in Australian RACFs. Data on facility characteristics, aggregated medication use at the facility level for selected medications commonly associated with a high risk of harm and the MSSA‐LTC were completed by clinical pharmacists providing clinical pharmacy services. The Spearman's correlation test was used to evaluate the association between the MSSA‐LTC score and medication use. A scatter plot between the MSSA‐LTC score and medication use data was generated, and a linear trend line was plotted using the least squares method.ResultsData were collected from 31 RACFs servicing 2986 residents. Most medication safety‐related processes were implemented in Australian RACFs. A higher facility MSSA‐LTC score was associated with a lower proportion of residents with polypharmacy (r = −.48, p = .01) and one or more benzodiazepines (r = −.41, p = .03). In addition, a negative linear trend was observed between the MSSA‐LTC score and the average number of medications per resident, the proportion of residents with one or more anticonvulsants and the proportion of residents using one or more opioid analgesics.ConclusionsThis study indicates that implementing medication safety‐related processes may improve medication use in RACFs.

Prajapat, VM, Aalhate, M, Sriram, A, Mahajan, S, Maji, I, Gupta, U, Kumari, D, Singh, K, Kalia, NP, Dua, K, Singh, SK & Singh, PK 2024, 'Amphotericin B loaded nanoemulsion: Optimization, characterization and in-vitro activity against L. donovani promastigotes', Parasitology International, vol. 100, pp. 102848-102848.
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Prasher, P, Sharma, M, Agarwal, V, Singh, SK, Gupta, G, Dureja, H & Dua, K 2024, 'Cationic cycloamylose based nucleic acid nanocarriers', Chemico-Biological Interactions, vol. 395, pp. 111000-111000.
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Prasher, P, Sharma, M, Fatima, R, Chugh, S, Kumar Singh, S, Gulati, M, Pal Kaur, I, Patravale, VB & Dua, K 2024, 'Delivery of therapeutics with amylose-based nanosystems: A review', European Polymer Journal, vol. 215, pp. 113252-113252.
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Prasher, P, Sharma, M, Singh, SK, Macloughlin, R, Pabreja, K & Dua, K 2024, 'Preface', Understanding Allergic Airway Diseases Contemporary Treatment Paradigm, pp. v-vi.

Raj, A, Chandran C, S, Dua, K, Kamath, V & Alex, AT 2024, 'Targeting overexpressed surface proteins: A new strategy to manage the recalcitrant triple-negative breast cancer', European Journal of Pharmacology, vol. 981, pp. 176914-176914.
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Ravindra Babu, M, Vishwas, S, Gulati, M, Dua, K & Kumar Singh, S 2024, 'Harnessing the role of microneedles as sensors: current status and future perspectives', Drug Discovery Today, vol. 29, no. 7, pp. 104030-104030.
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Saeid, AB, Paudel, KR, De Rubis, G, Mehndiratta, S, Kokkinis, S, Vishwas, S, Yeung, S, Gupta, G, Singh, SK & Dua, K 2024, 'Fisetin-loaded nanoemulsion ameliorates lung cancer pathogenesis via downregulating cathepsin-B, galectin-3 and enolase in an in vitro setting.', EXCLI J, vol. 23, pp. 1238-1244.
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Saini, S, Gulati, N, Awasthi, R, Arora, V, Singh, SK, Kumar, S, Gupta, G, Dua, K, Pahwa, R & Dureja, H 2024, 'Monoclonal Antibodies and Antibody-drug Conjugates as Emerging Therapeutics for Breast Cancer Treatment', Current Drug Delivery, vol. 21, no. 7, pp. 993-1009.
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Abstract:When breast cells divide and multiply out of control, it is called breast cancer. Symptoms include lump formation in the breast, a change in the texture or color of the breast, or a discharge from the nipple. Local or systemic therapy is frequently used to treat breast cancer. Surgical and radiation procedures limited to the affected area are examples of local management. There has been significant worldwide progress in the development of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) since 1986, when the first therapeutic mAb, Orthoclone OKT3, became commercially available. mAbs can resist the expansion of cancer cells by inducing the destruction of cellular membranes, blocking immune system inhibitors, and preventing the formation of new blood vessels. mAbs can also target growth factor receptors. Understanding the molecular pathways involved in tumor growth and its microenvironment is crucial for developing effective targeted cancer therapeutics. Due to their unique properties, mAbs have a wide range of clinical applications. Antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) are drugs that improve the therapeutic index by combining an antigen-specific antibody with a payload. This review focuses on the therapeutic applications, mechanistic insights, characteristics, safety aspects, and adverse events of mAbs like trastuzumab, bevacizumab, pertuzumab, ertumaxomab, and atezolizumab in breast cancer treatment. The creation of novel technologies utilizing modified antibodies, such as fragments, conjugates, and multi-specific antibodies, must be a central focus of future studies. This review will help scientists working on developing mAbs to treat cancers more effectively.

Shahbaz Alam, M, Khandale, N, Birla, D, Vishwas, S, Bashir, B, Chaitanya, MVNL, Gupta, G, Patel, A, Patel, S, Collet, T, Dua, K & Kumar Singh, S 2024, 'Harnessing the role of analytical techniques in analysis of adulterants in dietary supplements', Microchemical Journal, vol. 202, pp. 110786-110786.
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Shaikh, MAJ, Altamimi, ASA, Afzal, M, Gupta, G, Singla, N, Gilhotra, R, almalki, WH, Kazmi, I, Alzarea, SI, Prasher, P, Singh, SK & Dua, K 2024, 'Unraveling the impact of miR-21 on apoptosis regulation in glioblastoma', Pathology - Research and Practice, vol. 254, pp. 155121-155121.
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Sharma, DS, Wadhwa, S, Gulati, M, Kumar, B, Chitranshi, N, Gupta, VK, Alrouji, M, Alhajlah, S, AlOmeir, O, Vishwas, S, Khursheed, R, Saini, S, Kumar, A, Parveen, SR, Gupta, G, Zacconi, F, Chellappan, DK, Morris, A, Loebenberg, R, Dua, K & Singh, SK 2024, 'Corrigendum to - Chitosan modified 5-fluorouracil nanostructured lipid carriers for treatment of diabetic retinopathy in rats: A new dimension to an anticancer drug, Vol. 224, 1 January 2023, Pages 810-830', International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, vol. 265, pp. 131069-131069.
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Sharma, N, Kurmi, BD, Singh, D, Mehan, S, Khanna, K, Karwasra, R, Kumar, S, Chaudhary, A, Jakhmola, V, Sharma, A, Singh, SK, Dua, K & Kakkar, D 2024, 'Nanoparticles toxicity: an overview of its mechanism and plausible mitigation strategies', Journal of Drug Targeting, vol. 32, no. 5, pp. 457-469.
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Singh, A, Agarwal, S, Sourirajan, A, Parashar, A, Dua, K, Chellappan, DK, Singh, SK, Gupta, G & Negi, P 2024, 'Butea monosperma Seed Oil Loaded Ethosomal Vesicular Carrier and Its Hydrogel for Vaginal Candidiasis: QbD Based Development, In Vitro and In Vivo Evaluation', BioNanoScience, vol. 14, no. 3, pp. 3011-3034.
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Singh, M, De Rubis, G, Kokkinis, S, Paudel, KR, Yeung, S, Hansbro, PM, Oliver, BGG & Dua, K 2024, 'Curcumin-loaded liposomes modulating the synergistic role of EpCAM and estrogen receptor alpha in lung cancer management', Pathology - Research and Practice, vol. 257, pp. 155317-155317.
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Singh, S, Saxena, S, Sharma, H, Gupta, G, Dua, K & Singh, SK 2024, 'Opening avenue for the targeted treatment of lung cancer using xanthohumol loaded nanostructured lipid carriers.', EXCLI J, vol. 23, pp. 1068-1070.
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Singh, S, Saxena, S, Sharma, H, Paudel, KR, Chakraborty, A, MacLoughlin, R, Oliver, BG, Gupta, G, Negi, P, Singh, SK & Dua, K 2024, 'Emerging role of tumor suppressing microRNAs as therapeutics in managing non-small cell lung cancer', Pathology - Research and Practice, vol. 256, pp. 155222-155222.
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Singla, M, Verma, S, Thakur, K, Goyal, A, Sharma, V, Sharma, D, Porwal, O, Subramaniyan, V, Behl, T, Singh, SK, Dua, K, Gupta, G & Gupta, S 2024, 'From Plants to Therapies: Exploring the Pharmacology of Coumestrol for Neurological Conditions', Current Medicinal Chemistry, vol. 31, no. 41, pp. 6855-6870.
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:Neurological disorders are possibly the most prevalent and have been identified to occur among individuals with autism beyond chance. These disorders encompassa diverse range of consequences with neurological causes and have been regarded as amajor threat to public mental health. There is no tried-and-true approach for completelyprotecting the nervous system. Therefore, plant-derived compounds have developed significantly nowadays. Coumestrol (CML) is a potent isoflavone phytoestrogen with a protective effect against neurological dysfunction and has been discovered to be structurallyand functionally similar to estrogen. In recent years, more research has been undertakenon phytoestrogens. This research demonstrates the biological complexity of phytoestrogens, which consist of multiple chemical families and function in various ways. This review aimed to explore recent findings on the most significant pharmacological advantages of CML by emphasising neurological benefits. Numerous CML extraction strategies and their pharmacological effects on various neurological disorders, including PD,AD, HD, anxiety, and cognitive impairments, were also documented.

Solanki, N, Gupta, G, Chellappan, DK, Singh, SK, Gulati, M, Paudel, KR, Hansbro, PM, Dua, K, Bhan, S, Saini, M & Dureja, H 2024, 'Boswellic Acids: A Critical Appraisal of Their Therapeutic and Nutritional Benefits in Chronic Inflammatory Diseases', Endocrine, Metabolic & Immune Disorders - Drug Targets, vol. 24, no. 1, pp. 116-129.
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Background:In the last few decades, it has been largely perceived that the factors affecting the immune system and its varying pathways lead to the pathological progression of inflammation and inflammatory conditions. Chronic inflammation also contributes to common diseases, such as diabetes mellitus, ischemic heart disease, cancer, chronic renal inflammatory disease, non-alcoholic fatty hepat-ic disease, autoimmune diseases and neurodegenerative diseases.Objective:Interestingly, plant sources and secondary metabolites from plants have been increasingly employed in managing acute and chronic inflammatory diseases for centuries. Boswellic acids are pentacyclic triterpenoidal moieties obtained from the oleo gum resin of different Boswellia species.Methods:Detailed data was collected revealing the anti-inflammatory potential of Boswellic acids through various databases.Results:These are pharmacologically active agents that possess promising anti-inflammatory, anti-arthritic, antirheumatic, anti-diarrheal, anti-hyperlipidemic, anti-asthmatic, anti-cancer, and anti-microbial effects.Conclusion:Boswellic acids have been in use since ancient times primarily to treat acute and chronic inflammatory diseases. This review discusses the various mechanisms underlying the inflammatory process and the necessity of such natural products as a medication to treat inflammatory diseases. In addition, a discussion has also been extended to understand the primary targets involved in inflamma-tion. The review further explores the therapeutic potential of boswellic acids in

Taylor-Blair, HC, Siu, ACW, Haysom-McDowell, A, Kokkinis, S, Bani Saeid, A, Chellappan, DK, Oliver, BGG, Paudel, KR, De Rubis, G & Dua, K 2024, 'The impact of airborne particulate matter-based pollution on the cellular and molecular mechanisms in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)', Science of The Total Environment, vol. 954, pp. 176413-176413.
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Thapa, R, Afzal, M, Goyal, A, Gupta, G, Bhat, AA, Almalki, WH, Kazmi, I, Alzarea, SI, Shahwan, M, Kukreti, N, Ali, H, Dureja, H, Kumar, P, Singh, TG, Kuppusamy, G, Singh, SK & Dua, K 2024, 'Exploring ncRNA-mediated regulation of EGFR signalling in glioblastoma: From mechanisms to therapeutics', Life Sciences, vol. 345, pp. 122613-122613.
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Thapa, R, Afzal, O, Afzal, M, Gupta, G, Bhat, AA, Hassan almalki, W, Kazmi, I, Alzarea, SI, Saleem, S, Arora, P, Singh, SK & Dua, K 2024, 'From LncRNA to metastasis: The MALAT1-EMT axis in cancer progression', Pathology - Research and Practice, vol. 253, pp. 154959-154959.
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Thapa, R, Ahmad Bhat, A, Shahwan, M, Ali, H, PadmaPriya, G, Bansal, P, Rajotiya, S, Barwal, A, Siva Prasad, GV, Pramanik, A, Khan, A, Hing Goh, B, Dureja, H, Kumar Singh, S, Dua, K & Gupta, G 2024, 'Proteostasis disruption and senescence in Alzheimer’s disease pathways to neurodegeneration', Brain Research, vol. 1845, pp. 149202-149202.
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Thapa, R, Magar, AT, Shrestha, J, Panth, N, Idrees, S, Sadaf, T, Bashyal, S, Elwakil, BH, Sugandhi, VV, Rojekar, S, Nikhate, R, Gupta, G, Singh, SK, Dua, K, Hansbro, PM & Paudel, KR 2024, 'Influence of gut and lung dysbiosis on lung cancer progression and their modulation as promising therapeutic targets: a comprehensive review', MedComm, vol. 5, no. 12.
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AbstractLung cancer (LC) continues to pose the highest mortality and exhibits a common prevalence among all types of cancer. The genetic interaction between human eukaryotes and microbial cells plays a vital role in orchestrating every physiological activity of the host. The dynamic crosstalk between gut and lung microbiomes and the gut–lung axis communication network has been widely accepted as promising factors influencing LC progression. The advent of the 16s rDNA sequencing technique has opened new horizons for elucidating the lung microbiome and its potential pathophysiological role in LC and other infectious lung diseases using a molecular approach. Numerous studies have reported the direct involvement of the host microbiome in lung tumorigenesis processes and their impact on current treatment strategies such as radiotherapy, chemotherapy, or immunotherapy. The genetic and metabolomic cross‐interaction, microbiome‐dependent host immune modulation, and the close association between microbiota composition and treatment outcomes strongly suggest that designing microbiome‐based treatment strategies and investigating new molecules targeting the common holobiome could offer potential alternatives to develop effective therapeutic principles for LC treatment. This review aims to highlight the interaction between the host and microbiome in LC progression and the possibility of manipulating altered microbiome ecology as therapeutic targets.

Thapa, R, Moglad, E, Afzal, M, Gupta, G, Bhat, AA, almalki, WH, Kazmi, I, Alzarea, SI, Pant, K, Ali, H, Paudel, KR, Dureja, H, Singh, TG, Singh, SK & Dua, K 2024, 'ncRNAs and their impact on dopaminergic neurons: Autophagy pathways in Parkinson's disease', Ageing Research Reviews, vol. 98, pp. 102327-102327.
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Thapa, R, Moglad, E, Goyal, A, Bhat, AA, Almalki, WH, Kazmi, I, Alzarea, SI, Ali, H, Oliver, BG, MacLoughlin, R, Dureja, H, Singh, SK, Dua, K & Gupta, G 2024, 'Deciphering NF-kappaB pathways in smoking-related lung carcinogenesis.', EXCLI J, vol. 23, pp. 991-1017.
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One of the main causes of death worldwide is lung cancer, which is largely caused by cigarette smoking. The crucial transcription factor NF-κB, which controls inflammatory responses and various cellular processes, is a constitutively present cytoplasmic protein strictly regulated by inhibitors like IκB proteins. Upon activation by external stimuli, it undergoes phosphorylation, translocates into the nucleus, and modulates the expression of specific genes. The incontrovertible association between pulmonary malignancy and tobacco consumption underscores and highlights a public health concern. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and nitrosamines, potent carcinogenic compounds present in the aerosol emitted from combusted tobacco, elicit profound deleterious effects upon inhalation, resulting in severe perturbation of pulmonary tissue integrity. The pathogenesis of smoking-induced lung cancer encompasses an intricate process wherein NF-κB activation plays a pivotal role, triggered by exposure to cigarette smoke through diverse signaling pathways, including those associated with oxidative stress and pro-inflammatory cytokines. Unraveling the participation of NF-κB in smoking-induced lung cancer provides pivotal insights into molecular processes, wherein intricate crosstalk between NF-κB and pathways such as MAPK and PI3K-Akt amplifies the inflammatory response, fostering an environment conducive to the formation of lung cancer. This study reviews the critical function of NF-κB in the complex molecular pathways linked to the initiation and advancement of lung carcinogenesis as well as potential treatment targets. See also the graphical abstract(Fig. 1).

Thirugnanasambandham, I, Karri, VVSR, Vishwas, S, Singh, SK, Dua, K & Kuppusamy, G 2024, 'Converging paths: Microneedle-based dual intervention of IL-23/IL-17 axis and granuloma formation in rheumatoid nodules', Medical Hypotheses, vol. 189, pp. 111399-111399.
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Tiwari, C, Khan, H, Grewal, AK, Dhankhar, S, Chauhan, S, Dua, K, Gupta, G & Singh, TG 2024, 'Opiorphin: an endogenous human peptide with intriguing application in diverse range of pathologies', Inflammopharmacology, vol. 32, no. 5, pp. 3037-3056.
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Verma, D, Pundir, S, Goyal, R, Aljabali, AAA, Dua, K, Chellappan, DK, Tambuwala, MM, Kumar, D & Kapoor, DN 2024, 'Versatile Therapeutic Potential of Swertia chirayita (Roxb.) H. Karst: A Review', Chemistry Africa, vol. 7, no. 6, pp. 2941-2961.
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Vihal, S, Pundir, S, Chauhan, R, Gupta, G, Singh, SK, Dua, K, Agarwal, S, Chellappan, DK & Negi, P 2024, 'Unlocking the Potential of Herbal Therapies in the Management ofPsoriasis: Prospects and Challenges', Current Traditional Medicine, vol. 10.
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Background::Psoriasis is a severe chronic skin disease with no permanent cure,caused by inherited, immunologic, and environmental factors, like trauma, medications, infection,humidity, and stress. It can have a devastating impact on people's lives and is often associatedwith systemic conditions, like arthritis. The exact cause of psoriasis remains unclear, but itinvolves the activation of cytokines, chemokines, and growth factors, playing a major role inTh1/Th17 regulation.Methods::The PubMed and Google Scholar search engines were used to conduct the literaturereview. The search terms included 'psoriasis and classification,' 'therapeutic strategies and psoriasis,''herbal medicine and psoriasis,' and 'herbal nanocarrier and psoriasis.' An attempt wasmade to compile relevant material with a focus on only herbal treatments for psoriasis management.Results::An extensive literature search showed that herbal treatments that constitute plant-basedtherapies have been largely utilized to treat infections. Natural medicines have been gaining tremendousmomentum in the recent decade due to minimal side effects. Approximately 75-80% ofthe global population in developing countries consume natural remedies.Conclusion::Psoriasis remains a severe chronic skin disease without a permanent cure, influencedby inherited, immunologic, and environmental factors. Herbal treatments show promise inmanaging psoriasis with minimal side effects, offering hope for improved quality of life. Thisreport has highlighted the potential of plant-based therapies and their role in treating psoriasis.

Vishwas, S, Bashir, B, Birla, D, Khandale, N, Chaitanya, MVNL, Chellappan, DK, Gupta, G, Negi, P, Dua, K & Singh, SK 2024, 'Neuroprotective Role of Phytoconstituents-based Nanoemulsion for theTreatment of Alzheimer’s Disease', Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry, vol. 24, no. 19, pp. 1683-1698.
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:Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most prevalent form of neurodegenerative disorder(ND), affecting more than 44 million individuals globally as of 2023. It is characterized by cognitivedysfunction and an inability to perform daily activities. The progression of AD is associatedwith the accumulation of amyloid beta (Aβ), the formation of neurofibrillary tangles (NFT), increasedoxidative stress, neuroinflammation, mitochondrial dysfunction, and endoplasmic reticulumstress. Presently, various phytomedicines and their bioactive compounds have been identifiedfor their neuroprotective effects in reducing oxidative stress, alleviating neuroinflammation, andmitigating the accumulation of Aβ and acetylcholinesterase enzymes in the hippocampus and cerebralcortex regions of the brain. However, despite demonstrating promising anti-Alzheimer's effects,the clinical utilization of phytoconstituents remains limited in scope. The key factor contributingto this limitation is the challenges inherent in traditional drug delivery systems, which impedetheir effectiveness and efficiency. These difficulties encompass insufficient drug targeting, restricteddrug solubility and stability, brief duration of action, and a lack of control over drug release.Consequently, these constraints result in diminished bioavailability and insufficient permeabilityacross the blood-brain barrier (BBB). In response to these challenges, novel drug deliverysystems (NDDS) founded on nanoformulations have emerged as a hopeful strategy to augment thebioavailability and BBB permeability of bioactive compounds with poor solubility. Among thesesystems, nanoemulsion (NE) have been extensively investigated for their potential in targetingAD. NE offers several advantages, such as ease of preparation, high drug loading, and high stability.Due to their nanosize droplets, NE also improves gut and BBB permeability leading to enhancedpermeability of...

Vishwas, S, Kumar, R, Awasthi, A, Corrie, L, Bashir, B, Khursheed, R, Ramanunny, AK, Hardeep, Gulati, M, Singh, TG, Gupta, G, Dureja, H, Kumar, P, Alam, A, Dua, K & Singh, SK 2024, 'Formulation and optimization of fisetin nanoemulsion for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease in rats: Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic assessment', Journal of Drug Delivery Science and Technology, vol. 101, pp. 106269-106269.
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Vishwas, S, Singh, SK, Gulati, M, Dua, K, Kakoty, V & Bashir, B 2024, 'Effects of chrysin loaded self‐nano emulsifying drug delivery system for the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease', Alzheimer's & Dementia, vol. 20, no. S4.
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AbstractBackgroundAlzheimer’s disease (AD) is a type of degenerative disorder that affects the brain. There are various herbal drugs that have been tested for their effectiveness in treating AD, and chrysin is one of them. Chrysin is a polyphenolic flavonoid that has several neuroprotective effects, including reducing the levels of AChE enzyme, accumulated amyloid β, oxidative stress, and neuroinflammation. It is also inherently senolytic, which helps to lessen the impact of cellular aging. However, chrysin has a limited ability to dissolve and is not easily absorbed by the blood‐brain barrier, which can reduce its effectiveness.MethodWe have developed a self‐emulsifying drug delivery system (SNEDDS) for chrysin to address these issues using a Box‐Behnken design (BBD) approach. The pharmacokinetic studies showed that chrysin SNEDDS had significantly higher bioavailability than regular chrysin. The pharmacodynamic studies assessed cognitive and motor functions in rats.ResultSNEDDS has many advantages, including increased drug loading, ease of preparation, high stability, and increased bioavailability and blood‐brain barrier permeability. The optimized formulation of chrysin‐loaded SNEDDS resulted in a small droplet size, high drug loading, and good stability. The formulation was evaluated for its bioavailability, availability in the brain, and pharmacodynamic efficacy.ConclusionThe results showed that chrysin SNEDDS loaded significantly improved cognitive functions in AD‐induced rats at both low and high doses. The biochemical studies also demonstrated that chrysin SNEDDS loaded reduced the levels of AChE enzyme, amyloid β, oxidative stress, and neuroinflammation.

Wong, SL, Gan, JS, De Rubis, G, Paudel, KR, Yeung, S, Chellappan, DK, Keng, PS & Dua, K 2024, 'Innovative phytoceutical-based drug delivery in the management of pulmonary fibrosis: A roadmap towards inhaled therapeutics', Journal of Drug Delivery Science and Technology, vol. 99, pp. 105942-105942.
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Yadav, K, Rani, A & Dua, K 2024, 'Potential Herbal Remedies for Treatment of Depression: A Mini Review', The Natural Products Journal, vol. 14, no. 6.
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Background::Depression is a psychiatric and mood disorder that impacts a person's mentalhealth and behavior and is frequently linked to suicide. As per the World Health Organization'sestimate, depressive disorder will be the main cause of mental disorders by the year 2030, and it hasa huge impact on the burden of disease in the world. To treat depression, there are pharmacologicaland nonpharmacological therapy alternatives. With little to no consideration of other neurochemicalsaltered in depression, most antidepressant preparations are based on the monoamines, neuroendocrine,and neuro-inflammation concepts.Objective::The present study aims to provide comprehensive data related to depression, the factorsassociated, the mechanism involved, herbal plants effective for managing depression, and novel formulationsalong with patents and clinical trials.Methods::A thorough assessment of herbs and novel formulations that have been proven effective intreating depression was conducted. After extensive review, the present study includes a mechanismof action of herbal plants showing antidepressant effects, novel formulations, patents, and clinicaltrials related to depression.Results::Numerous studies reported that diverse herbal plants have been found to have a positiveeffect on depression management, such as Panax ginseng, Melissa officinalis, Piper methysticum,Schinus molle L, Kielmeyera coriacea Mart, Elaeocarpus ganitrus, Hypericum perforatum, Lavandulaangustifolia Mill, Crocus Sativus L.Conclusion::Herbal plant research could help establish the potential of isolated compounds fromplants with medicinal properties for managing depressive il...

Yeung, S, Paudel, KR, Rubis, GD, Williams, KA, Hansbro, PM & Dua, K 2024, 'Exploring the current advancements of quercetin nanoformulations alleviating respiratory diseases', Future Medicinal Chemistry, vol. 16, no. 10, pp. 925-928.
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Yin, M, Wadhwa, R, Marshall, JE, Gillis, CM, Kim, RY, Dua, K, Palsson-McDermott, EM, Fallon, PG, Hansbro, PM & O’Neill, LAJ 2024, '4-Octyl Itaconate Alleviates Airway Eosinophilic Inflammation by Suppressing Chemokines and Eosinophil Development', The Journal of Immunology, vol. 212, no. 1, pp. 13-23.
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Abstract 4-Octyl itaconate (4-OI) is a derivative of the Krebs cycle–derived metabolite itaconate and displays an array of antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory properties through modifying cysteine residues within protein targets. We have found that 4-OI significantly reduces the production of eosinophil-targeted chemokines in a variety of cell types, including M1 and M2 macrophages, Th2 cells, and A549 respiratory epithelial cells. Notably, the suppression of these chemokines in M1 macrophages was found to be NRF2-dependent. In addition, 4-OI can interfere with IL-5 signaling and directly affect eosinophil differentiation. In a model of eosinophilic airway inflammation in BALB/c mice, 4-OI alleviated airway resistance and reduced eosinophil recruitment to the lungs. Our findings suggest that itaconate derivatives could be promising therapeutic agents for the treatment of eosinophilic asthma.

Bhatt, S, Dureja, H, Patel, SG, Patel, AS & Dua, K 2024, 'Biosimilars for Cancer Treatment A Promising Approach', Springer.
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This book serves as a valuable resource for clinicians, researchers, and anyone seeking a comprehensive understanding of the intersection between biosimilars and cancer treatment.

Bhatt, S, Eri, RE, Goh, B-H, Paudel, KR, Pinto, TDJA & Dua, K 2024, 'Immunotherapy Against Lung Cancers Emerging Opportunities and Challenges', Springer.
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This book provides insight into the various immunotherapeutic approaches for the treatment of lung cancers.

Kamboj, S, Sharma, P, Kamboj, R, Kamboj, S, Hariom, Girija, Guarve, K, Dutt, R, Verma, I, Dua, K & Rani, N 2024, 'Exploring the Therapeutic Potential of Phytoconstituents for AddressingNeurodegenerative Disorders', Bentham Science Publishers Ltd., pp. 129-144.
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Abstract:Neurodegenerative disorder is a serious condition that is caused by abnormal or no neurologicalfunction. Neurodegenerative disease is a major growing cause of mortality and morbidityworldwide, especially in the elderly. After World War Ⅱ, eugenics term was exterminated frommedicines. Neurodegenerative disease is a genetically inherited disease. Lifestyle changes, environmentalfactors, and genetic modification, together or alone, are involved in the occurrence ofthis disorder. The major examples of neurodegenerative disorders are Alzheimer's and Parkinson’sdisease, in which apoptosis and necrosis are the two major death pathways for neurons. It has beendetermined from various studies that the etiology of the neurodegenerative disease involves therole of oxidative stress and anti-oxidant defence system, which are prime factors associated withthe activation of signal transduction pathway that is responsible for the formation of synuclein inthe brain and manifestation of toxic reactions in the form of functional abnormality, which ultimatelyleads to the dysfunction of neuronal pathway or cell. There has not been much success inthe discovery of effective therapy to treat neurodegenerative diseases because the main cause ofabnormal functioning or death of neurons is not well known. However, the use of natural productsthat are derived from plants has effective therapeutic potential against neurodegenerative disease.The natural compounds with medicinal properties to prevent neurological dysfunction are curcumin,wolfberry, ginseng, and Withania somnifera. The selection and use of natural compounds arebased on their strong anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant properties against neurodegenerative disease.Herbal products have active constituents that play an important role in the prevention ofcommunication errors between neurons and neurotransmitters and their respective receptors in thebrain, ...

Prasher, P, Sharma, M, Singh, SK, MacLoughlin, R, Pabreja, K & Dua, K 2024, 'Correction to: Understanding Allergic Airway Diseases: Contemporary Treatment Paradigm', Understanding Allergic Airway Diseases, Springer Nature Singapore, pp. C1-C1.
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