Bailey, PE, Szczap, P, McLennan, SN, Slessor, G, Ruffman, T & Rendell, PG 2016, 'Age-related similarities and differences in first impressions of trustworthiness', Cognition and Emotion, vol. 30, no. 5, pp. 1017-1026.
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Burton, AL, Abbott, MJ, Modini, M & Touyz, S 2016, 'Psychometric evaluation of self‐report measures of binge‐eating symptoms and related psychopathology: A systematic review of the literature', International Journal of Eating Disorders, vol. 49, no. 2, pp. 123-140.
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ABSTRACTObjectiveBinge eating is a symptom common to bulimia nervosa, anorexia nervosa (binge/purge subtype), and binge eating disorder. There are many self‐report measures available to aid the assessment of eating disorders symptoms, but there has not yet been a systematic review of the literature to identify the most valid and reliable measures for use in assessment and treatment of binge eating.MethodA systematic review of the psychometric properties of self‐report measures that assess binge eating symptoms and psychopathology was conducted. Two independent raters assessed the psychometric properties of each measure using a standardized quality analysis tool.ResultsOf the 2,927 studies identified, 72 studies met the inclusion criteria and described the psychometric properties of 29 different self‐report measures, and nine specific subscales within these. Results from the quality analysis tool utilized in this study indicated that none of the included measures currently meet all nine criteria of adequate psychometric properties.DiscussionMost of the included measures had evidence for some adequate psychometric properties. Two measures received six out of nine positive ratings for the assessed psychometric properties, the BITE and the BULIT‐R, and thus appear to be the measures with the most evidence of their validity and reliability. Overall, our findings implicate a need for further investigation of the psychometric properties of the available self‐report questionnaires in this field. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. (Int J Eat Disord 2016; 49:123–140).
Chen, A, Liu, L & Kager, R 2016, 'Cross-domain correlation in pitch perception, the influence of native language', Language, Cognition and Neuroscience, vol. 31, no. 6, pp. 751-760.
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Griffiths, S, Costa, DSJ, Boyd, JE, Murray, SB, Mitchison, D & Mond, JM 2016, 'Facilitating research on eating disorders stigma: validation of the internalised stigma of mental illness scale for use in people with eating disorders', Advances in Eating Disorders, vol. 4, no. 3, pp. 293-308.
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Griffiths, S, Hay, P, Mitchison, D, Mond, JM, McLean, SA, Rodgers, B, Massey, R & Paxton, SJ 2016, 'Sex differences in the relationships between body dissatisfaction, quality of life and psychological distress', Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health, vol. 40, no. 6, pp. 518-522.
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Griffiths, S, Murray, SB, Mitchison, D & Mond, JM 2016, 'Anabolic steroids: Lots of muscle in the short‐term, potentially devastating health consequences in the long‐term', Drug and Alcohol Review, vol. 35, no. 4, pp. 375-376.
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Harrison, C, Mitchison, D, Rieger, E, Rodgers, B & Mond, J 2016, 'Emotion regulation difficulties in binge eating disorder with and without the overvaluation of weight and shape', Psychiatry Research, vol. 245, pp. 436-442.
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Liu, L & Kager, R 2016, 'Perception of a native vowel contrast by Dutch monolingual and bilingual infants: A bilingual perceptual lead', International Journal of Bilingualism, vol. 20, no. 3, pp. 335-345.
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Purpose: Facing previous mixed findings between monolingual and bilingual infants’ phonetic development during perceptual reorganization, the current study aims at examining the perceptual development of a native vowel contrast (/I/-/i/) by Dutch monolingual and bilingual infants. Design: We tested 390 Dutch monolingual and bilingual infants from 5 to 15 months of age through a visual habituation paradigm. Data and analysis: Mixed-effect model analyses were conducted within 320 infants, with infants’ log10 transformed looking time as the dependent variable, age (4-level) and language background (2-level) as the fixed factors, and participant and order (2-level) as the random factors. Conclusions: All infants show weak initial sensitivity to the contrast regardless of language background(s), and sensitivity improves with age. By the second half of the first year, infants discriminate the contrast, indicating the emergence of the relevant vowel categories. In addition, a perceptual lead is observed in bilingual infants, probably due to: 1) a perceptual transfer from the close-category counterpart of the other native language; 2) heightened acoustic sensitivity in bilingual infants given their rich linguistic experience; and 3) a general bilingual cognitive advantage. The influences of contrast salience and bilingualism on language development are discussed. Originality: Overall, these findings constitute an extension of existing work on vowel perception and display a novel acceleration effect for the bilingual infants in phonetic perception. In addition, we propose a novel heightened acoustic sensitivity hypothesis, arguing that bilingual infant...
Mercuri, K, Terrett, G, Bailey, PE, Henry, JD, Curran, HV & Rendell, PG 2016, 'Deconstructing the nature of episodic foresight deficits associated with chronic opiate use', British Journal of Clinical Psychology, vol. 55, no. 4, pp. 401-413.
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ObjectivesEpisodic foresight refers to the capacity to mentally travel forward in time and has been linked to a wide variety of important functional behaviours. Evidence has recently emerged that chronic opiate use is associated with deficits in this critical capacity and that these difficulties are not simply a secondary consequence of broader cognitive dysfunction. The current study aimed to better understand the circumstances in which chronic opiate users might be expected to have problems with episodic foresight, by addressing whether deficits reflect compromised scene construction, self‐projection, or narrative ability.MethodsThirty‐five chronic opiate users and 35 demographically matched controls completed an imagination task in which they were instructed to imagine and provide descriptions of an atemporal event, a plausible, self‐relevant future event, as well as complete a narrative task. These three imagination conditions systematically varied in their demands on scene construction, self‐projection, and narrative ability.ResultsConsistent with prior literature, chronic opiate users exhibited reduced capacity for episodic foresight relative to controls. However, this study was the first to show that these difficulties were independent of capacity for scene construction and narration. Instead, a specific impairment in self‐projection into the future appears to contribute to the problems with episodic foresight seen in this clinical group.ConclusionsDeficits in self‐projection into the future may have important implications in therapeutic environments given that many relapse prevention strategies rely heavily on the ability to project oneself into an unfamiliar future, free of problem substance use.<...
Mitchison, D, Dawson, L, Hand, L, Mond, J & Hay, P 2016, 'Quality of life as a vulnerability and recovery factor in eating disorders: a community-based study', BMC Psychiatry, vol. 16, no. 1.
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Moshier, SJ, Wootton, BM, Bragdon, LB, Tolin, DF, Davis, E, DiMauro, J & Diefenbach, GJ 2016, 'The relationship between self-reported and objective neuropsychological impairments in patients with hoarding disorder', Journal of Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders, vol. 9, pp. 9-15.
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Although hoarding disorder (HD) is characterized by self- and clinician-reported difficulties with cognitive functioning, studies of neuropsychological performance have yielded little evidence of consistent, clinical-level cognitive impairments. The aim of this study was to quantify this inconsistency and to examine whether this pattern is unique to HD. Fifty-three adults (20 with HD, 19 with obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) and minimal hoarding symptoms, and 14 with OCD and a high degree of hoarding symptoms (OCD-H)) completed self-report and objective neuropsychological tests of inhibition, attention, and memory. The three groups differed significantly on self-reported attention and memory deficits, with the HD group reporting greater difficulties. However, the groups performed comparably on objective neuropsychological tests of inhibition, attention, immediate and delayed nonverbal memory, and immediate verbal memory. The OCD-H group demonstrated a greater rate of impairment on a test of delayed verbal memory. The HD group was characterized by lower concordance rates between self-report and objective memory impairment. The groups did not differ significantly in concordance rates for self-report and objective measures of attention and inhibition. Understanding the discrepancy between self-report and objective neuropsychological measures may help to better characterize the role of cognitive processes in HD.
Puckett, AM, Aquino, KM, Robinson, PA, Breakspear, M & Schira, MM 2016, 'The spatiotemporal hemodynamic response function for depth-dependent functional imaging of human cortex', NeuroImage, vol. 139, pp. 240-248.
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Rouel, M, Raman, J, Hay, P & Smith, E 2016, 'Validation of the Behaviour Rating Inventory of Executive Function – Adult Version (BRIEF-A) in the obese with and without binge eating disorder', Eating Behaviors, vol. 23, pp. 58-65.
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Seymour, K, Rhodes, G, Stein, T & Langdon, R 2016, 'Intact unconscious processing of eye contact in schizophrenia', Schizophrenia Research: Cognition, vol. 3, pp. 15-19.
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Seymour, KJ, Williams, MA & Rich, AN 2016, 'The Representation of Color across the Human Visual Cortex: Distinguishing Chromatic Signals Contributing to Object Form Versus Surface Color', Cerebral Cortex, vol. 26, no. 5, pp. 1997-2005.
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Terrett, G, Rose, NS, Henry, JD, Bailey, PE, Altgassen, M, Phillips, LH, Kliegel, M & Rendell, PG 2016, 'The relationship between prospective memory and episodic future thinking in younger and older adulthood', Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, vol. 69, no. 2, pp. 310-323.
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Episodic future thinking (EFT), the ability to project into the future to “preexperience” an event, and prospective memory (PM), remembering to perform an intended action, are both examples of future-oriented cognition. Recently it has been suggested that EFT might contribute to PM performance but to date few studies have examined the relationship between these two capacities. The aim of the present study was to investigate the nature and specificity of this relationship, as well as whether it varies with age. Participants were 125 younger and 125 older adults who completed measures of EFT and PM. Significant, positive correlations between EFT and PM were identified in both age groups. Furthermore, EFT ability accounted for significant unique variance in the young adults, suggesting that it may make a specific contribution to PM function. Within the older adult group, EFT did not uniquely contribute to PM, possibly indicating a reduced capacity to utilize EFT, or the use of compensatory strategies. This study is the first to provide systematic evidence for an association between variation in EFT and PM abilities in both younger and older adulthood and shows that the nature of this association varies as a function of age.
Titov, N, Fogliati, VJ, Staples, LG, Gandy, M, Johnston, L, Wootton, B, Nielssen, O & Dear, BF 2016, 'Treating anxiety and depression in older adults: randomised controlled trial comparing guided V. self-guided internet-delivered cognitive–behavioural therapy', BJPsych Open, vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 50-58.
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BackgroundSymptoms of anxiety and depression are prevalent in older adults.AimsTo compare clinician-guided and self-guided versions of a transdiagnostic internet-delivered cognitive–behavioural therapy (iCBT) intervention for adults aged 60 years and above.MethodAdults (n=433) with symptoms of anxiety and depression were randomly allocated to: (1) clinician-guided treatment (n=153); (2) initial clinician interview followed by self-guided treatment (n=140); or (3) self-guided treatment without interview (n=140).ResultsLarge reductions (d ≥1.00) in symptoms of depression and anxiety were observed across groups, and sustained at follow-up. No differences were observed in clinical outcomes or satisfaction ratings. Age did not affect outcomes.ConclusionsCarefully developed iCBT interventions may significantly reduce symptoms of anxiety and depression in older adults when delivered in either clinician-guided or self-guided formats.
Watson, P, Wiers, R, Hommel, B & de Wit, S 2016, 'Cue-elicited responding for food rewards', Appetite, vol. 101, pp. 220-220.
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Watson, P, Wiers, RW, Hommel, B, Ridderinkhof, KR & de Wit, S 2016, 'An associative account of how the obesogenic environment biases adolescents' food choices', Appetite, vol. 96, pp. 560-571.
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Wootton, BM 2016, 'Remote cognitive–behavior therapy for obsessive–compulsive symptoms: A meta-analysis', Clinical Psychology Review, vol. 43, pp. 103-113.
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Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a chronic mental health condition that results in a significant societal burden. Remote treatments do not require the patient to attend traditional face-to-face treatment services and can be used as a way to overcome barriers to accessing face-to-face treatment. The aim of the current study was to synthesize the current literature on remote treatment for OCD using a meta-analytic approach. Relevant articles were identified through an electronic database search and the references of previously completed reviews on the topic of remote treatment for OCD were also reviewed. Eighteen studies (n=823; mean age=31.20 (SD=10.36); 56.2% female) were included in the meta-analysis. Within-group findings indicate that remote treatment for OCD produces a decrease in symptoms of a large magnitude (g=1.17; 95% CI: 0.91-1.43). Between-group findings indicate that remote treatment for OCD is more effective than control (g=1.06; 95% CI: 0.68-1.45) and outcomes are not meaningfully different from face-to-face treatment (g=-0.21; 95% CI: -0.43-0.02). Those methodologies that are low intensity produce a decrease in symptoms of a large magnitude (g=1.36, 95% CI: 1.00-1.72), as do higher intensity treatments (g=1.64, 95% CI: 1.33-1.95). These findings have important implications for the development of stepped-care treatments, which may be able to be delivered in a purely remote fashion.
Bragdon, L, Wootton, B, Diefenbach, G & Tolin, D 1970, 'Within-Session and Between-Session Compliance in Hoarding Disorder: The Relationship with Treatment Outcome', Paper presented at the 50th annual convention of the Association for Behavioral and Cognitive Therapies, New York, NY, USA.
Cayoun, B & Simmons, A 1970, 'The power of equanimity for Pain reduction', Mind and its potential Conference., Sydney.
Gonsalvez, C, Nasstasia, Y & Donovan, M 1970, '. Innovations in the assessment of practicum competencies: The use of standardised vignettes', 12th International Interdisciplinary Clinical Supervision Conference. 2016, USA.
Shires, AG, Cayoun, B & Simmons, A 1970, 'Unlearning chronic pain with equanimity: Immediate and lasting pain reduction following a self-implemented mindfulness-based exposure task', 2nd International Conference on Mindfulness, International Conference on Mindfulness, Rome.
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Recent imaging research shows that approximately 80% of people who transit from acute to chronic pain produce neuroplasticity linking pain pathways to learning areas of the brain, thus showing physiological evidence that chronic pain is largely learned. Mindfulness meditation programs have been used successfully to teach people a way of decreasing pain-related distress and unlearning their unhelpful relationship to pain. However, not all chronic pain patients are amenable to undergo a full mindfulness program and then maintain daily practice. Accordingly, we conducted a pilot study of a task extracted from a second-generation MBI, Mindfulness-integrated Cognitive Behavior Therapy, which consisted of a self-guided 30-s mindfulness-based interoceptive exposure task (MIET) to pain sensations in 15 medically diagnosed chronic pain patients. Participants using the MIET repeatedly over 15 days learned not to identify with pain and focused on four subcomponents of interoception (mass, motion, temperature, and cohesiveness) while remaining equanimous. This led to significant reduction in pain anxiety (p = .001; d = 0.96), pain duration (p = .01; d = 0.86), and pain intensity after each 30-s exposure (p < .001; d = 1.37). These effects were maintained, and some further improved, at 2-month follow-up. Marked decrease in depression, anxiety and stress were also observed (p < .001; d = 0.81). While participants rated the task as highly acceptable and some reduced their use of analgesic medication; no other change in medical or psychological treatment was required. These early results show the potential for the MIET to be use as an adjunct to traditional treatments of chronic pain, although controlled studies are needed to establish the validity of our results. Brain-imaging studies are also needed to assess the possible unlearning effect of the MIET on corticolimbic regions, a process that may be termed “central desensitization.”
Shires, AG, Sharpe, L & Newton John, T 1970, 'Comparison of a mindfulness based exposure task with a distraction task in the reduction of induced pain with an additional moderator of attentional bias.', 2nd International Conference on Mindfulness, International Conference on Mindfulness, Rome.
