Publications

Bird, TS 2016, Fundamentals of Aperture Antennas and Arrays From Theory to Design, Fabrication and Testing, John Wiley & Sons, USA.
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Because of its importance and to provide more than a superficial treatment of arrays, the topic of mutual coupling is ... An introduction to the fabrication and test of aperture antennas is included as well as some recent examples of them.

Barua, S & Braun, RM 2016, 'Direction of Arrival (DOA) and Channel Estimation' in Diab, A (ed), Self-Organized Mobile Communication Technologies and Techniques for Network Optimization, Information Science Reference, USA, pp. 216-235.
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Future fit demand combined with a flexible technical solution that is by latest wireless technology stands for. Estimating of the user's location is going to be an integral system with the upcoming mobile technology. This chapter shows some techniques for estimating the direction of arrival (DOA) with mathematical elaboration and simulation results as well. Estimating the DOA in this chapter is regarded to the purpose of using Smart antenna system. It is possible to estimate the location of a user by considering the uplink transmission system of the mobile communication system. Estimating the channel and accurate path delay is also an important task which might be done by using 1D Uniform Linear Array (ULA) or 2D Uniform Rectangular (URA) array antenna system. In this chapter, 1D ULA is considered in order to utilize some popular techniques. The performance of a communication system between two ends is substantially determined by the behaviors of the channel characteristics. It determines signal transformation while propagating through the channel between receivers and transmitters. Accurate channel information is crucial for both the transmitter and receiver ends to perform their best services. The ultimate focus of this chapter is to estimate the channel based on 2D parameter estimation. Uniform Rectangular Array (URA) is used to perform the 2D parameter estimation. It is possible to estimate Azimuth and Elevation of a source by using URA model.

Bird, TS 2016, 'Reflector antennas' in Handbook of Antenna Technologies, pp. 853-922.
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© Springer Science+Business Media Singapore 2016. All rights reserved. Reflector antennas are in widespread use in communications and radar applications in the twenty-first century. They are seen on towers for point-to-point telecommunication links, on houses for pay tv and in news items of spacecraft travelling to distant galaxies. This chapter provides an introduction to reflector antenna fundamentals for design and analysis. The history of the focusing properties of reflectors extends back to ancient times, but some of the more intricate properties such as defocusing have not been realised until recent times. Some basic reflector geometries are considered initially through a review of geometric optics. The basic design principles of a reflector are established from a rigorous point of view through a study of the paraboloid geometry, its radiation pattern and focal region fields. Practical reflectors have imperfections due to surface errors or misalignments, and how these impact the reflector radiation pattern is outlined. The means of feeding a parabolic reflector is outlined through a description of the dipole, waveguide and horn feeds. Some other reflector configurations are discussed including the offset parabolic reflector, the symmetrical and offset Cassegrain geometries and the spheroid. An introduction to reflector shaping is given through a description of two techniques. The chapter concludes with a description of three typical reflector applications in satellite communications, weather radar and radio astronomy.

Dinh, H 2016, 'Backscattering Wireless-Powered Communications' in Dusit, N, Ekram, H, Dong, K, Vijay, B & Lotfollah, S (eds), Wireless-Powered Communication Networks: Architectures, Protocols, and Applications, Cambridge University Press.

Dinh, H 2016, 'Cognitive Radio Networks with Wireless Energy Harvesting' in Dusit, N, Ekram, H, Dong, K, Vijay, B & Lotfollah, S (eds), Wireless-Powered Communication Networks: Architectures, Protocols, and Applications, Cambridge University Press.

Guo, YJ & Qin, PY 2016, 'Reconfigurable Antenna Arrays for Wireless Communications' in Handbook of Antenna Technologies, Springer, pp. 1-38.
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The Handbook of Antenna Technologies aims to present the rapid development of antenna technologies, particularly in the past two decades, and also showcasing the newly developed technologies and the latest applications.

Guo, YJ & Qin, PY 2016, 'Reconfigurable antennas for wireless communications' in Handbook of Antenna Technologies, pp. 2987-3032.
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© Springer Science+Business Media Singapore 2016. All rights reserved. With the capability to dynamically change their radiation characteristics, reconfigurable antennas will become indispensable parts for the next-generation wireless communications and sensing systems where the RF front-ends are required to be cognitive in nature. Compared to traditional antennas whose characteristics are fixed, reconfigurable antennas pose new challenges to antenna researchers and designers, such as tuning the operating frequency of an antenna whilst maintaining its radiation pattern. In the last two decades, substantial progress has been made in the development of reconfigurable antennas from both academia and industry. This chapter provides an overview of the state-of-the-art of reconfigurable antennas by elaborating the basic concepts of different reconfigurable antennas and practical techniques to realize them. It is focused on both reconfigurable antenna elements and arrays, and outlines some directions for future research.

Hay, SG & Bird, TS 2016, 'Applications of phased array feeders in reflector antennas' in Handbook of Antenna Technologies, pp. 3139-3187.
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© Springer Science+Business Media Singapore 2016. All rights reserved. An array feeder for a reflector or a lens provides considerable flexibility in the beams that can be produced. A single beam could be obtained by combining all elements; multiple beams can be created with clusters of subarrays or theelements combined in such a way that a beam is steered by adjusting the phase and amplitude of the elements. A variety of applications of array feeders are possible from satellite communications, radar, and radio astronomy. The latter application is described here through fixed arrays, and individual horns of the cluster are excited step-by-step to produce multiple beams at radio observatories such as Parkes, Australia, and Arecibo, Puerto Rico. A full phased array solution is described for the Australian Square Kilometre Array Pathfinder (ASKAP). For fixed arrays, an optimum excitation is described. It is shown that without coupling effects, the excitation should be the complex conjugate of the focal field. The size of an array is defined and the sensitivity of a multibeam feed is shown to be proportional to √N where N is the number of elements of the array. The theory relating to phased array feeding of reflectors is developed, and the definition of sensitivity is extended to phased arrays. The survey speed of a phased array feed interferometer is defined, and conditions are developed for survey speed as a function of the number and spacing of the beams. The application of fixed arrays as multibeam feeds for radio telescopes is described for the 13-element multibeam feed for the Parkes radio telescope and for the phased array checkerboard feed for ASKAP in Western Australia.

Kahandawa, GC, Epaarachchi, JA, Canning, J, Peng, GD & Lau, A 2016, 'Development of embedded FBG Sensor Networks for SHM Systems' in Structural Health Monitoring Technologies and Next-Generation Smart Composite Structures, CRC PRess, USA, pp. 61-88.
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Kahandawa, GC, Epaarachchi, JA, Canning, J, Peng, GD & Lau, A 2016, 'Development of embedded fbg sensor networks for SHM systems' in Structural Health Monitoring Technologies and Next-Generation Smart Composite Structures, pp. 61-88.
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Smith, D & Abolhasan, M 2016, 'Diversity and Cooperative Communications in Body Area Networks' in Advances in Body-Centric Wireless Communication: Applications and state-of-the-art, IET, USA, pp. 7-42.
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In this chapter, we investigate diversity and cooperative communications, and particularly cooperative diversity, for body-centric communications in wireless body area networks (BANs). Cooperative diversity for BANs is vitally important for required communications reliability, as well as increasing network and sensor lifetime by potentially reducing energy consumption, as will be shown here. We describe what is meant by cooperative communications and cooperative diversity, including a brief survey of the state-of-the-art. Description and analysis of the benefits of cooperative diversity in BANs is mainly with respect to the physical layer, but there is also some brief discussion of the MAC layer and network layer. In terms of cooperative receive diversity, feasible in IEEE 802.15.6 Standard compliant BAN, several cooperative receive combining techniques are described, which are all beneficial over single-link communications in terms of firstand second-order statistics. A simple, practical, technique of switch-and-examine combining shows good performance in terms of important metrics, and this can be further enhanced when combined with a simple “sample-and-hold” transmit power control, which can help reduce energy consumption for sensor radios.

Abolhasan, M, Maali, Y, Rafiei, A & Ni, W 2016, 'Distributed Hybrid Coverage Hole Recovery in Wireless Sensor Networks', IEEE Sensors Journal, vol. 16, no. 23, pp. 8640-8648.
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Coverage Holes (CHs) can compromise the reliability and functionality of wireless sensor networks (WSNs). The recovery of CHs is challenging, especially in distributed applications where sensors have little knowledge about other sensors' actions. We propose a new game theoretic approach for recovering the CHs in a distributed manner. The key idea is that we formulate a potential game between the sensors, where each mobile sensor in the network only depends on local knowledge of its neighbouring nodes and takes CH recovery actions recursively with global convergence. An appropriate combined action of physical relocation and sensing range adjustment can be taken by each sensor to reduce the CHs in an energy-efficient way. Simulation results show that the proposed game theoretic approach is able to substantially increase network lifetime and maintain network coverage in the presence of random damage events, as compared to the prior counterpart(s).

Alzoubi, Y, Gill, AQ & Al-ani, A 2016, 'Empirical studies of geographically distributed agile development communication challenges: A systematic review', Information and Management, vol. 53, no. 1, pp. 22-37.
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There is increasing interest in studying and applying geographically distributed agile development (GDAD). Much has been published on GDAD communication. There is a need to systematically review and synthesize the literature on GDAD communication challenges. Using the SLR approach and applying customized search criteria derived from the research questions, 21 relevant empirical studies were identified and reviewed in this paper. The data from these papers were extracted to identify communication challenges and the techniques used to overcome these challenges. The findings of this research serve as a resource for GDAD practitioners and researchers when setting future research priorities and directions.

Alzughaibi, AD & Chaczko, Z 2016, 'Efficient Human Motion Detection Feature Set by Using HOG-LPQ Technique', Research Cell : An International Journal of Engineering Sciences, vol. 19, pp. 6-10.
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Human Motion detection is a challenging task due to a number of factors including variable appearance, posture and a wide range of illumination conditions and background. So, the first need of such a model is a reliable feature set that can discriminate between a human and a non-human form with a fair amount of confidence even under difficult conditions. By having richer representations, the classification task becomes easier and improved results can be achieved. The Aim of this paper is to investigate the reliable and accurate human motion detection models that are able to detect the human motions accurately under varying illumination levels and backgrounds. Different set of features are tried and tested including Histogram of Oriented Gradients (HOG), Deformable Parts Model (DPM), Local Decorrelated Channel Feature (LDCF) and Aggregate Channel Feature (ACF). However, we propose an efficient and reliable human motion detection approach by combining Histogram of oriented gradients (HOG) and local phase quantization (LPQ) as the feature set, and implementing search pruning algorithm based on optical flow to reduce the number of false positive. Experimental results show the effectiveness of combining local phase quantization descriptor and the histogram of gradient to perform perfectly well for a large range of illumination conditions and backgrounds than the state-of-the-art human detectors. Area under the ROC Curve (AUC) of the proposed method achieved 0.781 for UCF dataset and 0.826 for CDW dataset which indicate that it performs comparably better than HOG, DPM, LDCF and ACF methods.

Ambusaidi, M, He, X, Nanda, P & Tan, Z 2016, 'Building an intrusion detection system using a filter-based feature selection algorithm', IEEE Transactions on Computers, vol. 65, no. 10, pp. 2986-2998.
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Redundant and irrelevant features in data have caused a long-term problem in network traffic classification. These features not only slow down the process of classification but also prevent a classifier from making accurate decisions, especially when coping with big data. In this paper, we propose a mutual information based algorithm that analytically selects the optimal feature for classification. This mutual information based feature selection algorithm can handle linearly and nonlinearly dependent data features. Its effectiveness is evaluated in the cases of network intrusion detection. An Intrusion Detection System (IDS), named Least Square Support Vector Machine based IDS (LSSVM-IDS), is built using the features selected by our proposed feature selection algorithm. The performance of LSSVM-IDS is evaluated using three intrusion detection evaluation datasets, namely KDD Cup 99, NSL-KDD and Kyoto 2006+ dataset. The evaluation results show that our feature selection algorithm contributes more critical features for LSSVM-IDS to achieve better accuracy and lower computational cost compared with the state-of-the-art methods.

Ara, P, Yu, K, Cheng, S, Dutkiewicz, E & Heimlich, MC 2016, 'Derivation of CRLB for Wireless Capsule Endoscope Localization Using Received Signal Strength', IEEE SENSORS JOURNAL, vol. 16, no. 24, pp. 9064-9074.
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Baum, TC, Ghorbani, K, Nicholson, KJ & Ziolkowski, R 2016, 'Embroidered Active Microwave Composite Preimpregnated Electronics-Pregtronics', IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques.
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Canning, J 2016, 'Regeneration, regenerated gratings and composite glass properties: The implications for high temperature micro and nano milling and optical sensing', Measurement: Journal of the International Measurement Confederation, vol. 79, pp. 236-249.
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Crown Copyright © 2015 Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. A review of regenerated gratings and their application is presented. The relationship between new material perspectives based on the fundamental properties of amorphous structures and composite glass and the implications for practical component development is outlined. These have significant consequences on the high temperature performance possible for photonic components, such as short and long pitch fibre gratings, and call for a broader re-evaluation of fundamental fibre and waveguide design and fabrication to further optimise optical sensing and instrument technologies specifically for harsh environments such as those frequently found in the energy sector, both traditional and new. The work is even more relevant in light of global pursuits into extraterrestrial environments where extreme conditions are routinely present.

Canning, J, Hossain, MA, Han, C, Chartier, L, Cook, K & Athanaze, T 2016, 'Drawing optical fibers from three-dimensional printers', OPTICS LETTERS, vol. 41, no. 23, pp. 5551-5554.
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Canning, J, Tzioumis, N, Beattie, JK, Gibson, BC & Ilagan, E 2016, 'Correction: Water on Au sputtered films (vol 50, pg 9172, 2014)', CHEMICAL COMMUNICATIONS, vol. 52, no. 19, pp. 3850-3850.
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Chakraborty, S, Milner, LE, Zhu, X, Hall, LT, Sevimli, O & Heimlich, MC 2016, 'A K-band Frequency Doubler with 35 dB Fundamental Rejection based on novel Transformer Balun in 0.13 µm SiGe Technology', IEEE Electron Device Letters, vol. 37, no. 11, pp. 1375-1378.
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A compact balanced frequency doubler with more than 35 dB odd-harmonic rejection and fractional bandwidth of 73% is presented in this letter. Wide bandwidth and high odd-harmonic suppression is achieved by adopting a new technique for the transformer balun design, resulting in a very low magnitude imbalance of 0.13 dB and a phase imbalance of 0.4° over 7-15 GHz. The balun performance is improved by offsetting the radius of the primary and secondary coils, which reduces the parasitic coupling capacitance. The input and output frequency ranges for the doubler are 7-15 GHz and 14-30 GHz respectively. The circuit was fabricated in 0.13-μm SiGe technology. The chip size is 0.6 mm × 0.4 mm.

Chakraborty, S, Yang, Y, Zhu, X, Sevimli, O, Xue, Q, Esselle, K & Heimlich, M 2016, 'A Broadside-Coupled Meander-Line Resonator in 0.13-µm SiGe Technology for Millimeter-Wave Application', IEEE Electron Device Letters, vol. 37, no. 3, pp. 329-332.
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An on-chip resonator is designed and fabricated using a standard 0.13-μm SiGe technology for millimeter-wave applications. The designed resonator is based on a unique structure, which consists of two broadside-coupled meander lines with opposite orientation. The equivalent LC circuit of the resonator is given, while the impact of the structure on the resonance frequencies is investigated. Using this structure along with capacitors, a compact bandpass filter (BPF) is also designed and fabricated. The measured results show that the resonator can generate a resonance at 57 GHz with the attenuation better than 13.7 dB, while the BPF has a center frequency at 31 GHz and a insertion loss of 2.4 dB. The chip size of both the resonator and the BPF, excluding the pads, is only 0.024 mm2 (0.09×0.27 mm2).

Chen, LW, Ge, Y & Bird, TS 2016, 'Ultrathin flat microwave transmitarray antenna for dual-polarised operations', Electronics Letters, vol. 52, no. 20, pp. 1653-1654.
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© 2016 The Institution of Engineering and Technology. A dual-polarised phase-correcting microwave transmitarray that is based on an ultrathin phase-shifting surface (PSS) has been developed at 22 GHz. The FSS element in this array has a square shape with the rotationally symmetrical geometry. It consists of two identical metallic layers etched on the two sides of a single dielectric layer. A phase-shifting range of about 330° is achieved. A planar slot-fed patch antenna was developed as the feed source for the compact structure. The transmitarray prototype, which is fed by a planar antenna, as well as a standard horn, was measured separately. The results show that peak gains of 25.82 and 27.45 dBi and 1 dB gain bandwidths of 6.8 and 9.5% are achieved for the two feed cases.

Chen, X, Ge, Y & Bird, TS 2016, 'Reduction of sidelobe radiations of the standard pyramidal horn using a thin metamaterial lens', Electronics Letters, vol. 52, no. 24, pp. 1973-1974.
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© The Institution of Engineering and Technology 2016. A method is reported to suppress the sidelobe radiation of a standard pyramidal horn using a thin single-layer metamaterial lens. The metamaterial lens is composed of two identical metallic dipole arrays printed on both sides of a single dielectric layer. By placing the metamaterial lens inside a standard pyramidal horn, the electromagnetic fields over the horn aperture can be modified, resulting in low-sidelobe radiation in both the E- and H-planes of the horn. The measurement of a prototype lens gave a 10 dB reduction of the first sidelobe level in the E-plane, compared with that of the original air-filled pyramidal horn. Other design possibilities with a compensating lens are suggested.

Chen, Y, Wang, J, Xu, M, He, X & Lu, H 2016, 'A unified model sharing framework for moving object detection', Signal Processing, vol. 124, pp. 72-80.
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Millions of surveillance cameras have been installed in public areas, producing vast amounts of video data every day. It is an urgent need to develop intelligent techniques to automatically detect and segment moving objects which have wide applications. Various approaches have been developed for moving object detection based on background modeling in the literature. Most of them focus on temporal information but partly or totally ignore spatial information, bringing about sensitivity to noise and background motion. In this paper, we propose a unified model sharing framework for moving object detection. To begin with, to exploit the spatial-temporal correlation across different pixels, we establish a many-to-one correspondence by model sharing between pixels, and a pixel is labeled into foreground or background by searching an optimal matched model in the neighborhood. Then a random sampling strategy is introduced for online update of the shared models. In this way, we can reduce the total number of models dramatically and match a proper model for each pixel accurately. Furthermore, existing approaches can be naturally embedded into the proposed sharing framework. Two popular approaches, statistical model and sample consensus model, are used to verify the effectiveness. Experiments and comparisons on ChangeDetection benchmark 2014 demonstrate the superiority of the model sharing solution.

Chen, YY, Ge, Y & Bird, TS 2016, 'An Offset Reflectarray Antenna for Multipolarization Applications', IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters, vol. 15, pp. 1353-1356.
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© 2015 IEEE. A reflectarray that radiates linear or circular polarization (LP-CP) is proposed for multipolarization applications. The reflectarray consists of two double-layer dipole arrays that are orthogonally printed on both sides of the dielectric substrate. With a linearly polarized (LP) feeder, the antenna can transform the LP incident wave into a circularly polarized (CP) one. Both left-hand CP (LHCP) and right-hand CP (RHCP) waves can be obtained by rotating the LP feeder from the polarization angle of 45 ° to 135 °. In addition, LP radiation can also be obtained when the polarization angle of the feeder is 0° or 90°. A 32 × 32-element reflectarray has been designed, fabricated, and measured. The measurements validate the simulated results. The 3-dB axial-ratio bandwidths obtained for the LHCP and RHCP cases are 16.3% and 16.8%, with peak gains of 30.8 dBi at 26.3 GHz, and 31.6 dBi at 26 GHz, respectively.

Chua, TS, He, X, Liu, W, Piccardi, M, Wen, Y & Tao, D 2016, 'Big data meets multimedia analytics', Signal Processing, vol. 124, pp. 1-4.
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Cook, K, Balle, G, Canning, J, Chartier, L, Athanaze, T, Hossain, MA, Han, C, Comatti, J-E, Luo, Y & Peng, G-D 2016, 'Step-index optical fiber drawn from 3D printed preforms', OPTICS LETTERS, vol. 41, no. 19, pp. 4554-4557.
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Dakhli, S, Rmili, H, Floc'h, J-M, Sheikh, M, Dobaie, A, Mahdjoubi, K, Choubani, F & Ziolkowski, RW 2016, 'Printed multiband metamaterial-inspired antennas', MICROWAVE AND OPTICAL TECHNOLOGY LETTERS, vol. 58, no. 6, pp. 1281-1289.
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Duan, L, Liu, D, Zhang, Y, Chen, S, Liu, RP, Cheng, B & Chen, J 2016, 'Secure data-centric access control for smart grid services based on publish/subscribe systems', ACM Transactions on Internet Technology, vol. 16, no. 4, pp. 1-17.
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© 2016 ACM 1533-5399/2016/12-ART23 $15.00.The communication systems in existing smart gridsmainly take the request/reply interaction model, in which data access is under the direct control of data producers. This tightly controlled interaction model is not scalable to support complex interactions among smart grid services. On the contrary, the publish/subscribe system features a loose coupling communication infrastructure and allows indirect, anonymous and multicast interactions among smart grid services. The publish/subscribe system can thus support scalable and flexible collaboration among smart grid services. However, the access is not under the direct control of data producers, it might not be easy to implement an access control scheme for a publish/subscribe system. In this article, we propose a Data-Centric Access Control Framework (DCACF) to support secure access control in a publish/subscribe model. This framework helps to build scalable smart grid services, while keeping features of service interactions and data confidentiality at the same time. The data published in our DCACF is encrypted with a fully homomorphic encryption scheme, which allows in-grid homomorphic aggregation of the encrypted data. The encrypted data is accompanied by bloom-filter encoded control policies and access credentials to enable indirect access control. We have analyzed the correctness and security of our DCACF and evaluated its performance in a distributed environment.

Duan, L, Zhang, Y, Chen, S, Zhao, S, Wang, S, Liu, D, Liu, RP, Cheng, B & Chen, J 2016, 'Automated Policy Combination for Secure Data Sharing in Cross-Organizational Collaborations', IEEE Access, vol. 4, pp. 3454-3468.
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© 2016 IEEE. During business collaborations, multiple participating organizations often need to share data for common interests. In such cases, it is necessary to combine local policies from different organizations into a global one in order to manage access to the shared data. However, local policies of organizations may be different or even conflicting, due to diverse rules and rule combining algorithms chosen. Few existing methods for policy combination are able to automatically combine multiple local policies into a global one. In this paper, we propose a bottom-up approach to address the issues of multiple policy combinations. The key idea is to first classify the rules based on attribute constraints in each policy, and then reduce the rules of the corresponding classes to one with the same attribute constraints. The reduced rules are then combined into a new global policy by choosing the appropriate rule combining algorithm in XACML. The latter ensures compliance with each of the local policies at syntax and semantic levels. To validate our approach, we develop a proof-of-concept implementation of the automated policy combination. Experimental results demonstrate that our approach is highly scalable and supports a number of attribute constraints in each local policy.

Dusi, M, Finamore, A, Claffy, K, Brownlee, N & Veitch, D 2016, 'Measuring and Troubleshooting the Internet: Algorithms, Tools and Applications', IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications, vol. 34, no. 6, pp. 1805-1806.
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Fang, G, Orgun, MA, Shankaran, R, Dutkiewicz, E & Zheng, G 2016, 'Truthful Channel Sharing for Self Coexistence of Overlapping Medical Body Area Networks.', PLoS ONE, vol. 11, no. 2, pp. 1-19.
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As defined by IEEE 802.15.6 standard, channel sharing is a potential method to coordinate inter-network interference among Medical Body Area Networks (MBANs) that are close to one another. However, channel sharing opens up new vulnerabilities as selfish MBANs may manipulate their online channel requests to gain unfair advantage over others. In this paper, we address this issue by proposing a truthful online channel sharing algorithm and a companion protocol that allocates channel efficiently and truthfully by punishing MBANs for misreporting their channel request parameters such as time, duration and bid for the channel. We first present an online channel sharing scheme for unit-length channel requests and prove that it is truthful. We then generalize our model to settings with variable-length channel requests, where we propose a critical value based channel pricing and preemption scheme. A bid adjustment procedure prevents unbeneficial preemption by artificially raising the ongoing winner's bid controlled by a penalty factor λ. Our scheme can efficiently detect selfish behaviors by monitoring a trust parameter α of each MBAN and punish MBANs from cheating by suspending their requests. Our extensive simulation results show our scheme can achieve a total profit that is more than 85% of the offline optimum method in the typical MBAN settings.

Gill, AQ, Phennel, N, Lane, D & Phung, VL 2016, 'IoT-enabled Emergency Information Supply Chain Architecture for Elderly People: The Australian Context', Information Systems, vol. 58, pp. 75-86.
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The effective delivery of emergency information to elderly people is a challenging task. Failure to deliver appropriate information can have an adverse impact on the well-being of the elderly people. This paper addresses this challenge and proposes an IoT-enabled information architecture driven approach, which is called “Resalert”. Resalert offers IoT-enabled emergency information supply chain architecture pattern, IoT device architecture and system architecture. The applicability of the Resalert is evaluated by the means of an example scenario, a portable Raspberry Pi based system prototype and user evaluation. The results of this research indicate that the proposed approach seems useful to the effective delivery of emergency information to elderly people.

Guan, D, Zhang, Y, Qian, Z, Li, Y, Asaadi, M & Ding, C 2016, 'A Novel 2-D Multibeam Antenna Without Beamforming Network', IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ANTENNAS AND PROPAGATION, vol. 64, no. 7, pp. 3177-3180.
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Guan, DF, Ding, C, Qian, ZP, Zhang, YS, Jay Guo, Y & Gong, K 2016, 'Broadband High-Gain SIW Cavity-Backed Circular-Polarized Array Antenna', IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, vol. 64, no. 4, pp. 1493-1497.
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© 2016 IEEE. A circularly polarized (CP) 4 × 4 array antenna based on substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) technology is presented. Circular polarization is achieved by applying the sequential rotation technique (SRT) with a well-designed sequential feed network and linear-polarized array elements. The proposed 4 × 4 array has a wide axial ratio (AR) bandwidth of 14% from 18.3 to 21.1 GHz with gain > 13 dBic. Then, the array is expanded to achieve higher gains. A 16 × 16-element array is designed, fabricated, and tested. Test results show that the 16 × 16 array has an AR bandwidth of 13.8% from 18.5 to 21.25 GHz and a peak gain of 25.9 dBic at 20.5 GHz.

Guo, L, Zhu, H & Abbosh, A 2016, 'Wideband Phase Shifter with Wide Phase Range Using Parallel Coupled Lines and L-Shaped Networks', IEEE Microwave and Wireless Components Letters, vol. 26, no. 8, pp. 592-594.
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© 2001-2012 IEEE. A planar broadband phase shifter with wide range of differential phase is proposed. To achieve this performance, the design uses quarter wavelength parallel coupled lines combined with two L-shape networks. The L-shaped network includes a short-ended stub and a section of transmission line as an impedance transformer. The value of the differential phase can be adjusted through varying the coupling coefficient of the coupled lines along with the length and impedance of the short-ended stubs and transformer. The theory of operation for the proposed design is explained. To validate the theory, a phase shifter is designed and manufactured to realize 180° differential phase. The simulated and measured results agree well with the theory and show less than b° phase deviation and 1.3 dB insertion loss across the band 1-3 GHz.

Guo, L, Zhu, H & Abbosh, AM 2016, 'Wideband Tunable In-Phase Power Divider Using Three-Line Coupled Structure', IEEE Microwave and Wireless Components Letters, vol. 26, no. 6, pp. 404-406.
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© 2001-2012 IEEE. An in-phase power divider (PD) with a wide tuning range for the power division ratio across one octave bandwidth is presented. The device uses a quarter-wavelength three-line coupled structure with controllable coupling factors using two centrally connected varactors. One terminal of the central coupled line is connected to the input port, whereas its other terminal is grounded. The two coupled side lines are connected to the output ports, whereas an isolation resistor connects their other ends. The mode theory is used to analyze the performance and predict the initial dimensions. To validate the design, a prototype of dimensions 30 × 20 is built on Rogers RO6010 substrate and tested. The results indicate a tunable power division ratio from 1:1 to 1:2.4 with less than 0.5 dB additional insertion loss across the frequency band 0.7-1.4 GHz. The device has more than 10 dB return loss at all the ports and more than 15 dB isolation between the output ports. The two output signals are in-phase across the whole band with less than 8° differential phase imbalance.

Guzmán-Quirós, R, Weily, AR, Gómez-Tornero, JL & Guo, YJ 2016, 'A Fabry-Pérot Antenna with Two-Dimensional Electronic Beam Scanning', IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, vol. 64, no. 4, pp. 1536-1541.
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© 2016 IEEE. A novel fixed-frequency electronically steerable Fabry-Pérot Antenna (FPA) with electronic two-dimensional (2-D) (azimuth and elevation) steering capability is presented. The configuration is based on a centrally fed Fabry-Pérot cavity (FPC) loaded with a tunable high impedance surface (HIS). Varactor diodes are used to electronically tune the HIS reflection coefficient, forming four azimuthal sectors that are independently controlled by four control signals, respectively. It is demonstrated that this simple configuration generates a pencil beam that can be pointed to eight discrete azimuthal directions, whereas continuous elevation scanning is also attained simultaneously for each azimuthal direction by controlling the leaky-wave propagation constant. The theory, simulation analysis, and experimental results obtained from a prototype operating at 5.5 GHz are presented to validate the antenna design.

Hagelstein, B, Abolhasan, M, Franklin, D, Ni, W & Safaei, F 2016, 'Analytic Performance Model for State-Based MAC Layer Cooperative Retransmission Protocols', IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing, vol. 15, no. 1, pp. 32-44.
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COOPERATIVE retransmission is a well-established technique for improving wireless network capacity [1]. Its effectiveness is strongly dependent on the choice of relay selection algorithm, as this determines both the probability of retransmission success and the probability of collisions between simultaneous retransmission attempts. Consequently, relay selection algorithm design remains an open area of research.

Han, C, Canning, J, Cook, K, Hossain, MA & Ding, H 2016, 'Exciting surface plasmons on metal-coated multimode optical waveguides using skew rays', OPTICS LETTERS, vol. 41, no. 22, pp. 5353-5356.
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Hossain, MA, Canning, J, Cook, K & Jamalipour, A 2016, 'Optical fiber smartphone spectrometer', OPTICS LETTERS, vol. 41, no. 10, pp. 2237-2240.
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Huang, S, Zhang, J, Wang, L & Hua, X-S 2016, 'Social Friend Recommendation Based on Multiple Network Correlation', IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MULTIMEDIA, vol. 18, no. 2, pp. 287-299.
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Huang, TN, Boon, CC, Zhu, FX, Yi, X, He, X, Feng, G, Lim, WM & Liu, B 2016, 'A 65 nm CMOS LNA for Bolometer Application', JOURNAL OF INFRARED MILLIMETER AND TERAHERTZ WAVES, vol. 37, no. 4, pp. 356-372.
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Huang, X 2016, 'The Mobile Aerial Backbone Links for Air-Space-Ground Integrated Information Networks', Communications of the CCF, vol. 12, no. 3, pp. 27-31.
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Huang, X, Guo, YJ & Zhang, JA 2016, 'Transceiver I/Q Imbalance Self-Calibration with Phase-Shifted Local Loopback for Multichannel Microwave Backhaul', IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications, vol. 15, no. 11, pp. 7657-7669.
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Frequency-dependent I/Q imbalance estimation and compensation are of significant practical importance to low cost wideband systems with I/Q modulation architecture. To enable multichannel transmission without inter-channel interference, transmitter I/Q imbalance must be pre-compensated to meet stringent transmit mask requirement. In this paper, a simple frequency domain joint transmitter and receiver I/Q imbalance estimation method is proposed for self-calibration of such wideband multichannel transceivers. Using two frequency domain training signals and a phase shifter inserted in the transceiver local loopback channel, the transmitter and receiver I/Q imbalances can be estimated separately. The estimation errors are also analyzed and the mean square error lower bounds are derived. Simulation results are in good agreement with analytical ones. Compared with existing methods, the proposed technique demonstrate better image rejection performance and quicker adaptation to parameter changes, making it more applicable to many wireless systems, especially the multichannel microwave backhaul, for achieving high data rates with high order modulation and wide transmission bandwidth.

Jayawickrama, BA, Dutkiewicz, E, Mueck, M & He, Y 2016, 'On the Usage of Geolocation Aware Spectrum Measurements for Incumbent Location and Transmit Power Detection', IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology, vol. 65, no. 10, pp. 8177-8189.
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Determining the geographical area that needs to be excluded due to incumbent activity is critical to realize high spectral utilization in spectrum sharing networks. This can be achieved by estimating the incumbent location and transmit power. However, keeping the hardware complexity of sensing nodes to a minimum and scalability are critical for spectrum sharing applications with commercial intent. We present a discrete-space l1-norm minimization solution based on geolocation-aware energy detection measurements. In practice, the accuracy of geolocation tagging is limited. We capture the impact as a basis mismatch and derive the necessary condition that needs to be satisfied for successful detection of multiple incumbents’ location and transmit power. We find the upper bound for the probability of eliminating the impact of limited geolocation tagging accuracy in a lognormal shadow fading environment, which is applicable to all generic I1-norm minimization techniques. We propose an algorithm based on orthogonal matching pursuit that decreases the residual in each iteration by allowing a selected set of basis vectors to rotate in a controlled manner. Numerical evaluation of the proposed algorithm in a Licensed Shared Access (LSA) network shows a significant improvement in the probability of missed detection and false alarm.

Ji, LY, Qin, PY, Guo, YJ, Ding, C, Fu, G & Gong, SX 2016, 'A Wideband Polarization Reconfigurable Antenna with Partially Reflective Surface', IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, vol. 64, no. 10, pp. 4534-4538.
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© 2016 IEEE. A novel partially reflective surface (PRS) antenna is proposed, which can electronically alter its polarization between linear polarization, left-hand circular polarization (CP), and right-hand CP. The antenna consists of a shorted annular patch antenna as the source, a PRS structure to enhance the gain, and a reconfigurable Wilkinson power divider as the feed network. Four p-i-n diodes are inserted into each branch of the power divider to change its electrical length. By switching the p-i-n diodes ON and OFF, a phase difference of 0°, 90°, or -90° can be realized at the two output ports of the feed network, hence enabling the antenna to radiate either a linearly polarized signal or left/right-handed circularly polarized signal. A prototype antenna with the biasing network is designed, fabricated, and measured. Good agreement between the simulated and measured results is achieved. Measurement results show that the proposed antenna has an overlapped 10-dB impedance bandwidth and 3-dB axial-ratio bandwidth of 4.7-5.36 GHz (13.1%). The average realized gains are ∼9 dBi/dBic, which remain reasonably stable for different polarizations. The proposed antenna outperforms most of the reported polarization reconfigurable antennas for its wide bandwidth and relatively high gain.

Jia, Y, Liu, Y, Guo, YJ, Li, K & Gong, SX 2016, 'Broadband polarization rotation reflective surfaces and their applications to RCS reduction', IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, vol. 64, no. 1, pp. 179-188.
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© 2015 IEEE. A novel broadband polarization rotation (PR) reflective surface (PRRS) with a high polarization conversion ratio (PCR) is proposed, which can reflect the linearly polarized incident wave with 90° PR. The proposed PRRS consists of a periodic array of square patches printed on a substrate, which is backed by a metallic ground. By connecting the square patch with the ground using two nonsymmetric vias, a 49% PR bandwidth is achieved with a high PCR of 96%, which is a significant improvement from the state-of-the-art 29% PR bandwidth. Moreover, the frequency responses within the operation frequency band are consistent under oblique incident waves. Furthermore, another ultra-wideband PRRS with a periodic array of quasi-L-shaped patches is proposed, which increases the PR bandwidth further to 103%. In addition, the designed PRRS is applied to wideband radar cross section (RCS) reduction. Different arrangements of the unit cells of the PRRS are proposed and their effects on RCS reduction are investigated. To validate the simulation results, prototypes of the PRRSs are fabricated and measured. The measured results are in good agreement with the simulated ones.

Karmokar, DK, Esselle, KP & Bird, TS 2016, 'Wideband Microstrip Leaky-Wave Antennas With Two Symmetrical Side Beams for Simultaneous Dual-Beam Scanning', IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ANTENNAS AND PROPAGATION, vol. 64, no. 4, pp. 1262-1269.
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Lancry, M, Canning, J, Cook, K, Heili, M, Neuville, DR & Poumellec, B 2016, 'Nanoscale femtosecond laser milling and control of nanoporosity in the normal and anomalous regimes of GeO2-SiO2 glasses', Optical Materials Express, vol. 6, no. 2, pp. 321-330.
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© 2016 Optical Society of America. Glass modifications on the nanoscale occurring after femtosecond laser irradiation give rise to strong form birefringence. This birefringence is related to the so-called nanogratings. By observing induced tracks in various germanosilicate glasses using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), we demonstrate that porous nanoplanes can be formed not only in silicate glasses with anomalous density behaviour with fictive temperature, but also within glassy systems with normal density behaviour. The nanoporous oxide is likely due to fast decomposition and volume expansion along with glassy condensation of the oxide creating extreme conditions far from equilibrium. The porosity filling factor and the average pore size significantly decreases when increasing the GeO 2 content. Precise laser translation and control of these nanoporous structures allows arbitrary milling, tuning and positioning within the glass, an important top-down approach to control micro and nanostructure and consequently optical properties for molecular sieves, catalysts, composites and optoelectronics applications. At a fundamental level, femtosecond laser milling of glass allows access to glassy regimes that may have no obvious natural counterpart.

Lei, C, Bie, H, Fang, G, Gaura, E, Brusey, J, Zhang, X & Dutkiewicz, E 2016, 'A Low Collision and High Throughput Data Collection Mechanism for Large-Scale Super Dense Wireless Sensor Networks', SENSORS, vol. 16, no. 7.
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Lei, C, Bie, H, Fang, G, Mueck, M & Zhang, X 2016, 'An efficient backoff algorithm based on the theory of confidence interval estimation', IEICE Transactions on Communications, vol. E99B, no. 10, pp. 2179-2186.
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Copyright © 2016 The Institute of Electronics, Information and Communication Engineers. Channel state estimation-based backoff algorithms for channel access are being widely studied to solve wireless channel accessing and sharing problem especially in super dense wireless networks. In such algorithms, the precision of the channel state estimation determines the performance. How to make the estimation accurate in an efficient way to meet the system requirements is essential in designing the new channel access algorithms. In this paper, we first study the distribution and properties of inaccurate estimations using a novel biased estimation analysis model. We then propose an efficient backoff algorithm based on the theory of confidence interval estimation (BA-CIE), in which the minimum sample size is deduced to improve the contention window tuning efficiency, while a fault-tolerance interval structure is applied to reduce the inaccurate estimations so as to improve the contention window tuning accuracy. Our simulation results show that the throughput of our proposed BA-CIE algorithm can achieve 99% the theoretical maximum throughput of IEEE 802.11 networks, thanks to the improved contention window tuning performance.

Li, J, Zhao, B, Deng, C & Da Xu, RY 2016, 'Time Varying Metric Learning for visual tracking', PATTERN RECOGNITION LETTERS, vol. 80, pp. 157-164.
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Li, K, Ni, W, Wang, X, Liu, RP, Kanhere, SS & Jha, S 2016, 'Energy-Efficient Cooperative Relaying for Unmanned Aerial Vehicles', IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing, vol. 15, no. 6, pp. 1377-1386.
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Li, W, Li, H, Dong, T, Yao, J & He, X 2016, 'Traffic sign localization based on edge-color pair and feature filters', ICIC Express Letters, vol. 10, no. 3, pp. 727-732.
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© 2016, ICIC International. Traffic sign localization is a key part of the traffic sign recognition system. A novel algorithm for traffic sign localization based on edge-color pair combined with feature filters is presented in this paper. Firstly, the color edge detection is taken by the method of distance measure of direction region in a color image. Secondly, the suspected regions of the traffic sign are localized roughly based on edge-color pair. Finally, a two-level feature filter is designed to localize the traffic sign accurately. The experiment on 200 traffic sign images that were taken under various conditions shows the extraction rate of 96.1%. The experimental results show that the algorithm in this paper can effectively eliminate the color fade effect and the analogue interference effect on traffc sign localization.

Li, Z, Zhao, G, Li, S, Sun, H, Tao, R, Huang, X & Guo, YJ 2016, 'Rotation Feature Extraction for Moving Targets Based on Temporal Differencing and Image Edge Detection', IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters, vol. 13, no. 10, pp. 1512-1516.
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© 2016 IEEE. A rotation parameter extraction method based on temporal differencing and image edge detection from range-Doppler images is presented in this letter. The proposed method first detects the motion trail of the moving pixels caused by the rotating parts in temporal differential range-Doppler images using image edge detection. A Doppler-slow-time image is then generated from the edge pixels on the motion trail. Finally, the rotation parameters are extracted from the Doppler-slow-time image. The proposed method is simple, rapid, and practical. Computer simulations and experimental results demonstrate its effectiveness in terms of computation time compared with existing methods.

Lin, W & Wong, H 2016, 'Polarization Reconfigurable Aperture-Fed Patch Antenna and Array', IEEE Access, vol. 4, pp. 1510-1517.
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© 2016 IEEE. This paper presents a reconfigurable aperture-fed patch antenna array for ±45° polarizations. First, a new method to realize the reconfigurable ±45° polarizations is proposed. It introduces controllable RF switches on a cross-aperture to excite a square patch for two orthogonal polarizations. The RF switches are controlled by two sets of DC biases, which could select the polarization through the reconfigurable aperture. Second, two patch antennas based on cross-aperture excitation are discussed. The first structure uses a split ground plane with four switches, while the other one employs a united ground plane with eight switches. Both antennas operate well as the single element. However, only the antenna with a united ground is suitable for developing a reconfigurable dual-polarized antenna array, owning to its simple DC biasing lines and the reconfigurable-controlling network. Both simulation and experiment studies were examined to verify the proposed design. The measured 10-dB impedance bandwidth of the array is 9.3%, which can cover the 2.4-GHz WLAN band. The desired radiation patterns were observed with a maximum gain of 13.5 dBi. The proposed antenna array has low cross-polarization and stable gain across the entire operating bandwidth.

Liu, H, Chye Boon, C, He, X, Zhu, X, Kong, L, Heimlich, MC & Yi, X 2016, 'A Wideband Analog-Controlled Variable-Gain Amplifier With dB-Linear Characteristic for High-Frequency Applications', IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques, vol. 64, no. 2, pp. 533-540.
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A higher frequency, over 2 GHz, is suggested for current 4G or 5G wideband applications. By adopting a unique gain control method, an analog-controlled variable-gain amplifier (VGA) with an accurate dB-linear characteristic is presented. The designed VGA not only features large bandwidth, but also has accurate gain adjustment with a relatively wide control voltage range. The VGA has a measured gain range of 24 dB, of which 17.3 dB is dB-linear with less than ±0.3-dB gain error. The -3-dB bandwidth is relatively constant from 2 to 2.2 GHz for the entire dB-linear range. An output 1-dB compression point of 1.8 dBm and a noise figure of 24 dB are measured. Due to the simple structure, the current consumption of the VGA core is only 2.9 mA from a 1.2-V supply, and the size is only 225 μm×45 μm, excluding pads. Moreover, the robustness of the designed VGA is verified by means of Monte Carlo simulation.

Liu, H, Xu, M, Wang, J, Rao, T & Burnett, I 2016, 'Improving Visual Saliency Computing With Emotion Intensity', IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NEURAL NETWORKS AND LEARNING SYSTEMS, vol. 27, no. 6, pp. 1201-1213.
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Liu, W, Canning, J, Cook, K & Martelli, C 2016, 'Induced nanoscale changes with low temperature annealing inside composite optical fibres probed by strain-insensitive long period gratings', OPTICAL MATERIALS EXPRESS, vol. 6, no. 1, pp. 58-68.
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Liu, W, Chen, X, Wu, Q & Yang, J 2016, 'Fast robust detection of edges in noisy depth images', Journal of Electronic Imaging, vol. 25, no. 5.
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© 2016 SPIE and IS&T.Depth edges play an important role in depth image upsampling. Many recent upsampling methods rely on the prior images of depth edges to preserve sharp depth edges in restored depth images. However, recent depth edge detection methods are not robust against the noise in depth images. Some methods are also too time-consuming. We propose a method to efficiently detect edges in depth images. The proposed method is very simple but very robust against the noise in depth images. It is also fast and has near O(1) implementation. We apply the proposed method to the existing edge guided depth image upsampling. Experimental results on both simulated and real data show the effectiveness of the proposed method.

Liu, Y, Chen, SL, Zhang, L & Liu, QH 2016, 'Determining the First-Null Mainlobe Region of an Arbitrary Pattern for 2-D Numerical Pattern Synthesis Algorithm', IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, vol. 64, no. 3, pp. 1130-1136.
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© 2016 IEEE. Determining the mainlobe region of an arbitrary pattern is a critical problem in the two-dimensional numerical pattern synthesis (2-D-NPS) method in which a number of artificial interferences with appropriate powers are distributed outside of the mainlobe region. In this communication, a novel mainlobe region determination procedure based on the seeded region growing (SRG) method is proposed. Two different stopping criterions are introduced. Several numerical synthesis examples for uniformly and nonuniformly spaced planar arrays as well as a cylindrical array with directive elements, are presented to validate the effectiveness of the 2-D-NPS with the proposed mainlobe determination procedure. The two stopping criterions are also compared with these examples.

Liu, Y, Li, K, Jia, Y, Hao, Y, Gong, S & Guo, YJ 2016, 'Wideband RCS reduction of a slot array antenna using polarization conversion meta surfaces', IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, vol. 64, no. 1, pp. 326-331.
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© 2015 IEEE. A new approach to reducing the monostatic radar cross section (RCS) and preserving the radiation characteristics of a slot array antenna by employing polarization conversion metasurfaces (PCMs) is presented in this communication. The PCM is arranged in a chessboard configuration consisting of fishbone-shaped element. It is placed on the surface of the slot array antenna. The characteristics and mechanism of the RCS reduction are analyzed. Simulated and experimental results show that the monostatic RCS reduction band of the antenna with PCM ranges between 6.0 and 18.0 GHz for normally impinging both x-and y-polarized waves. The radiation characteristics of the antenna are well preserved simultaneously in terms of the impedance bandwidth, radiation patterns, and realized boresight gains.

Liu, Y, You, P, Zhu, C, Tan, X & Liu, QH 2016, 'Synthesis of sparse or thinned linear and planar arrays generating reconfigurable multiple real patterns by iterative linear programming', Progress in Electromagnetics Research, vol. 155, pp. 27-38.
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© 2014 EMW Publishing. All Rights Reserved. It is shown in this paper that the problem of reducing the number of elements for multiplepattern arrays can be solved by a sequence of reweighted ℓ 1 optimizations under multiple linear constraints. To do so, conjugate symmetric excitations are assumed so that the upper and lower bounds for each pattern can be formulated as linear inequality constraints. In addition, we introduce an auxiliary variable for each element to define the common upper bound of both the real and imaginary parts of multiple excitations for different patterns, so that only linear inequality constraints are required. The objective function minimizes the reweighted ℓ 1 -norm of these auxiliary variables for all elements. Thus, the proposed method can be efficiently implemented by the iterative linear programming. For multiple desired patterns, the proposed method can select the common elements with multiple set of optimized amplitudes and phases, consequently reducing the number of elements. The radiation characteristics for each pattern, such as the mainlobe shape, response ripple, sidelobe level and nulling region, can be accurately controlled. Several synthesis examples for linear array, rectangular/triangular-grid and randomly spaced planar arrays are presented to validate the effectiveness of the proposed method in the reduction of the number of elements.

Ma, J, Ni, W, Yin, J, Liu, RP, Yuan, Y & Fang, B 2016, 'Modeling Mobile Cellular Networks Based on Social Characteristics', INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF COMPUTERS COMMUNICATIONS & CONTROL, vol. 11, no. 4, pp. 480-492.
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Mohammadi, MS, Zhang, Q & Dutkiewicz, E 2016, 'Reading Damaged Scripts: Partial Packet Recovery Based on Compressive Sensing for Efficient Random Linear Coded Transmission', IEEE Transactions on Communications, vol. 64, no. 8, pp. 3296-3310.
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© 2016 IEEE.Random linear coding (RLC) can improve the performance of multicast transmissions in terms of throughput and energy efficiency. However, RLC and linear codes in general cannot necessarily attain the optimal performance in arbitrary networks. In this regard, partial packet recovery can be considered as a nonlinear strategy to complement such approaches for more general networks. In this paper, we propose a partial packet recovery scheme that benefits from the sparsity of bit errors in partially corrupted RLC packets. As opposed to many previous schemes, it performs without introducing preliminary checksums or preambles, demanding physical layer soft information, or requesting post-redundancy from the transmitter. It relies only on algebraic coding and data processing techniques, the existing knowledge at the receiver, and the conventional acknowledgment messages in RLC. By reconstructing and utilizing the partially corrupted packets that are usually discarded, it can reduce the average number of transmitted RLC packets required for successful decoding by typically 50%, which improves throughput and energy efficiency at the transmitter. We formulate our partial packet recovery in the form of a sparse recovery problem, present its different solutions using compressive sensing theory, discuss their complexity, and present and evaluate a Markov chain model for its performance.

Movassaghi, S, Majidi, A, Jamalipour, A, Smith, D & Abolhasan, M 2016, 'Enabling interference-aware and energy-efficient coexistence of multiple wireless body area networks with unknown dynamics', IEEE Access, vol. 4, pp. 2935-2951.
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© 2016 IEEE. This paper presents an adaptive interference mitigation scheme for multiple coexisting wireless body area networks (WBANs) based on social interaction. The proposed scheme considers the mobility of nodes within each WBAN as well as the relative movement of WBANs with respect to each other. With respect to these mobile scenarios traffic load, signal strength, and the density of sensors in a WBAN are incorporated to optimize transmission time with synchronous and parallel transmissions to significantly reduce the radio interference and energy consumption of nodes. This approach leads to higher packet delivery ratio (PDR) and longer network lifetime even with nodes dynamically moving into and out of each others interference region. We make channel assignment more energy-efficient and further reduce power consumption using transmit power control with simple channel prediction. Simulation results show that our approach maintains optimum spatial reuse with a range of channel dynamics within, and between, coexisting BANs. This protocol based on social interaction is shown to mitigate interference and minimize power consumption, and increase the spatial reuse and PDR of each WBAN, while increasing network lifetime. In the context of the adaptive interference mitigation scheme proposed, this paper also reviews the state of the art in literature on mobility, MAC layer, and power control solutions for WBANs, as well as providing a summary of interference mitigation schemes previously applied for the coexistence of WBANs.

Nguyen, CL, Hoang, DT, Wang, P, Niyato, D, Kim, DI & Han, Z 2016, 'Data Collection and Wireless Communication in Internet of Things (IoT) Using Economic Analysis and Pricing Models: A Survey', IEEE COMMUNICATIONS SURVEYS AND TUTORIALS, vol. 18, no. 4, pp. 2546-2590.
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Niyato, D, Dinh, TH, Nguyen, CL, Wang, P, Kim, DI & Han, Z 2016, 'Smart Data Pricing Models for the Internet of Things: A Bundling Strategy Approach', IEEE NETWORK, vol. 30, no. 2, pp. 18-25.
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Odeh, N, Abolhasan, M, Safaei, F, Franklin, DR & Mao, G 2016, 'Utility-based resource allocation for interference limited OFDMA cooperative relay networks', PHYSICAL COMMUNICATION, vol. 20, pp. 74-84.
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Pegrum, C, Zhang, T, Du, J & Guo, YJ 2016, 'Simulation of HTS Josephson Mixers', IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, vol. 26, no. 3.
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© 2016 IEEE. The Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization has developed superconducting microwave monolithic integrated circuit (MMIC) mixers using step-edge Josephson junctions and on-chip filters, made from YBaCuO on MgO substrates. Integration into an MMIC results in a compact and efficiently coupled structure. These have been shown to have outstanding conversion efficiency, dynamic range, and linearity. We report here a range of simulations of this type of mixer. We have mainly used Josephson simulators and analyze the data in both the time and frequency domains. More recently, we have also used microwave simulators incorporating a novel Verilog-A Josephson junction model that we have developed. We have looked at the interactions of junction bias current, local oscillator power, and radio-frequency input power with conversion efficiency, dynamic range, and linearity. Good agreement is found overall with measurements.

Peng, F, Lu, J, Wang, Y, Xu, RYD, Ma, C & Yang, J 2016, 'N-dimensional Markov random field prior for cold-start recommendation', Neurocomputing, vol. 191, pp. 187-199.
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© 2016 Elsevier B.V. A recommender system is a commonly used technique to improve user experience in e-commerce applications. One of the popular recommender methods is Matrix Factorization (MF) that learns the latent profile of both users and items. However, if the historical ratings are not available, the latent profile will draw from a zero-mean Gaussian prior, resulting in uninformative recommendations. To deal with this issue, we propose using an n-dimensional Markov random field as the prior of matrix factorization (called mrf-MF). In the Markov random field, the attribute (such as age, occupation of users and genre, release year of items) is considered as the site and the latent profile, the random variable. Through the prior, new users or items will be recommended according to its neighbors. The proposed model is suitable for three types of cold-start recommendation: (1) recommend new items to existing users; (2) recommend new users for existing items; (3) recommend new items to new users. The proposed model is assessed on two movie datasets, Movielens 100K and Movielens 1M. Experimental results show that it can effectively solve each of the three cold-start problems and outperforms several matrix factorization based methods.

Qiao, M, Xu, RYD, Bian, W & Tao, D 2016, 'Fast Sampling for Time-Varying Determinantal Point Processes', ACM TRANSACTIONS ON KNOWLEDGE DISCOVERY FROM DATA, vol. 11, no. 1.
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Qin, PY, Guo, YJ & Weily, AR 2016, 'Broadband reflectarray antenna using subwavelength elements based on double square meander-line rings', IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, vol. 64, no. 1, pp. 378-383.
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© 2015 IEEE. A linearly polarized broadband reflectarray is presented employing a novel single layer subwavelength phase shifting element. The size of the element is a fifth of a wavelength at the center frequency of 10 GHz and the element consists of double concentric square rings of meander lines. By changing the length of the meander line, a 420° phase variation range is achieved at the center frequency. This characteristic makes the proposed configuration unique, as most of the reported subwavelength reflectarray elements can only realize a phase range far less than 360°. In addition, the slope of the phase response remains almost constant from 9 to 11 GHz, demonstrating a broadband property. A 48 × 48-element reflectarray antenna is simulated, fabricated, and measured. Good agreement is obtained between simulated and measured results. A measured 1.5-dB gain bandwidth of 18% and 56.5% aperture efficiency is achieved.

Ramon, ES, Tyo, JS, Ziolkowski, RW, Skipper, MC, Abdalla, MD & Martin, J 2016, 'Integration and Operation of an Electrically Small Magnetic EZ Antenna With a High-Power Standing Wave Oscillator Source', IEEE ANTENNAS AND WIRELESS PROPAGATION LETTERS, vol. 15, pp. 642-645.
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Ren, Y, Huang, Z, Guo, L, Li, K & Liu, Y 2016, 'An electrical frequency agile patch antenna based on a poly(vinylidene fluoride-trifluoroethylene) thin film', Electromagnetics, vol. 36, no. 3, pp. 149-156.
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© 2016 Taylor & Francis. A novel scheme of an electrically tunable microstrip patch antenna using an electroactive polymer Poly(vinylidene fluoride-trifluoroethylene) thin film as a part of substrate is presented. The suited plus DC power supply is produced and applied to adjust the permittivity of the Poly(vinylidene fluoride-trifluoroethylene) film, which is imposed directly on the copper patch of the antenna. The patch is designed to be the same size as the ground plane to guarantee the plus static electric field inside the film uniformly. With the proposed structure, an electrical frequency agile microstrip patch antenna that performs well is achieved. The measured results demonstrate that the resonant frequency can be unceasingly tuned from 3.72 to 4.025 GHz; when the DC voltage changed from 0 to 430 V, a frequency tuning range of 7.57% is obtained.

Resonator, CL, Zhu, H & Abbosh, AM 2016, 'Tunable Balanced Bandpass Filter With Wide Tuning Range of Center Frequency and Bandwidth Using Compact Coupled-Line Resonator', IEEE Microwave and Wireless Components Letters, vol. 26, no. 1, pp. 7-9.
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© 2015 IEEE. A tunable balanced bandpass filter using a short coupled-line resonator is proposed. The design aims at achieving a wide tuning range in the differential-mode for both of the center frequency and bandwidth with high common-mode suppression. The proposed filter uses a short section (about one-eighth of one wavelength) of parallel-coupled lines connecting the differential ports of the device and five pairs of varactors. A theoretical analysis using the even-odd mode theory is presented to verify the tunability of the design and calculate the initial values of its design parameters. For validation, a prototype is designed, fabricated and tested. The measured results indicate that the differential-mode tuning range for the center frequency and 3 dB- bandwidth extend from 0.58 to 1.22 GHz, and from 65 to 180 MHz, respectively, with more than 30 dB of common-mode suppression in the operating differential-mode passband. Moreover, the proposed device has a compact size (with respect to the guided wavelength) of only 0.12λGx0.08λG.

Shi, S, Ni, W, Liu, RP & Li, S 2016, 'Performance analysis of two-way MAC layer network coding under finite relay buffer and non-negligible signalling overhead', Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing, vol. 16, no. 18, pp. 3230-3243.
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Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. Two-way exclusive OR (XOR) relay can enable hidden nodes to exchange data with low delays and high data rate, while keeping signal processing simple. In this paper, we analyse practical two-way XOR relaying systems, where finite relay buffer, non-negligible signalling overhead, and lossy wireless channels are all captured. A two-layer model is developed to characterise such practical two-way relay systems, which is then reformulated into a Markov process after we project and combine inter-layer state transitions of the two-layer model. Using Markov techniques, we evaluate the steady state probabilities of the Markov process and, in turn, the key performance measures of two-way XOR relaying, such as throughput, delay, and packet loss. The accuracy of our model is validated by simulations. Our model can also be used as an online tool to configure the buffer resources, adapting to wireless channel conditions and signalling requirements. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Shrestha, S, Fang, G, Dutkiewicz, E & Huang, X 2016, 'Solving hidden terminal problem in MU-MIMO WLANs with fairness and throughput-aware precoding and a degrees-of-freedom-based MAC design', EURASIP JOURNAL ON WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONS AND NETWORKING.
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Slehat, SS & Chaczko, Z 2016, 'Mitigating Nat Holes Vulnerability in Teredo Clients', Journal of Networks, vol. 10, no. 9, pp. 521-529.
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Tunneling is one of the key mechanisms which can help in the transition from the current IPv4 to IPv6 protocol. The function of automatic tunneling process is to encapsulate IPv6 packets into IPv4 packets. The main components involved in the tunelling mechanism are: Teredo, ISATAP, and 6to4. In some cases, however, these components have ceratain issues related to source routing, neighbor discovery and NAT holes problems. This paper aims to demonstrate how a serious problem related to the Teredo mechanism, called "Teredo NAT Holes" can be solved. The problem NAT Holes problem increases the attack surface in Teredo and thus causes the NAT service to become vulnerable to attacks. This research work proposes an approach called the Packet Authentication and Integrity Services (PAIS) that takes advantage of the Certificate Authentication (CA) that is combined with the Diffie-Hellman key exchange and Hash Message Authentication Code (HMAC) algorithms to provide a suitable solution for the problem. Here it is suggested that the proposed method needs to create the PAIS at the Tunnel's starting point first, and then needs to verify it at the end point of the Tunnel, by recreating the value of md, which is subsequently inserted into the md field and compared against the md field in the packet. The proposed methodology adds md field in order to replace the next header in the packet header structure. The Diffie-Hellman algorithm is used for the key exchange. The IPv6 protocol supports loopback virtual network, and is used in the experimental test bed to validate the efficiency of the method. The experimental results show that the method offers good performance and is able to adequately mitigate NAT Holes issues in Teredo clients. Index Terms--IPv6, Teredo Tunneling, Packet Authentication and Integrity Services (PAIS)

Slehat, SS, Chaczko, Z & Salmon, A 2016, 'Application of Predictive Analytics in Telecommunications Project Management', Journal of Networks, vol. 10, no. 10, pp. 551-566.
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This paper addresses a prevalent issue in technologybased industries of underperforming or even totally failing projects. There is strong evidence that a major influencing factor to the situation is the incorrect assumption about availability of effective technology that can assist management in project planning. The aim of the paper is to demonstrate and discuss effective approaches for using Predictive Analytics methods and tools in the Telecommunications industry to mitigate project planning issues and avoid possible project failures. Although, these methods and tools are not new, as the traditional statistical models form the core of the application, however, the novelty stems from the new processes and methods used by these tools for presentation and workflow. This change in the approach allowes to lower the usage barrier by providing an access to a wider community of end-users. Thanks to embeding a formalised approach into the workflow, users are guided through complex analytical processes more easily, thus allowing less technically advanced users to draw valuable conclusions without necessarily requiring a formal training in advanced statistical methods. Discussed case studies demonstrate suitability of Predictive Analytics as a powerful and highly accessible tool for project planning in the telecommunications domain.

Sun, J, Chye Boon, C, Zhu, X, Yi, X, Devrishi, K & Meng, F 2016, 'A Low-Power Low-Phase-Noise VCO With Self-Adjusted Active Resistor', IEEE Microwave and Wireless Components Letters, vol. 26, no. 3, pp. 201-203.
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This letter presents a low-power low-phase-noise VCO with self-adjusted active resistor (SAAR). A pair of PMOS transistors is introduced between cross-coupled pairs and LC-tank, serving as the SAAR. When cross-coupled transistor resides in the saturation region, SAAR exhibits small resistance, enabling fast switching and suppressing flicker noise up-conversion to 1/f3 phase noise. Moreover, as cross-coupled transistor enters triode region, SAAR will adjust to larger resistance and prevent the small conducting resistance of the cross-coupled transistor degrading the quality factor of LC tank. Fabricated in a 65 nm CMOS technology, the proposed VCO demonstrates a tuning range of 5.07-6.35 GHz (22.4%) with only 0.42 mW power consumption at 0.6 V supply. The phase noise in the worst case is -40.8 dBc/Hz at 1 kHz and -111 dBc/Hz at 1 MHz, respectively

Tang, MC, Chen, Z & Ziolkowski, RW 2016, 'Compact printed ultra-wideband antenna: corrugated monopole augmented with parasitic strips', Journal of Electromagnetic Waves and Applications, vol. 30, no. 13, pp. 1702-1711.
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A novel compact microstrip line-fed ultra-wideband (UWB) antenna is reported in this paper. The antenna consists of a corrugated half-ellipse monopole and three strips that act as near-field resonant parasitic (NFRP) elements. The entire UWB band (3.1–10.6 GHz) is covered from a very compact size: 19 mm × 10 mm. Two of the NFRP strips are utilized to cover more effectively the lower portion of the UWB frequency range; the third one improves the broadside gain values by 3.28 dB in the upper portion. As a consequence, this compact design maintains a stable radiation performance over the entire UWB band.

Tang, M-C, Shi, T & Ziolkowski, RW 2016, 'Planar ultrawideband antennas with improved realized gain performance', IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, vol. 64, pp. 61-69.
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The design nuances and associated performance characteristics of two printed planar ultrawideband (UWB) antennas are reported. The designs achieve improved broadside-realized gains, particularly at the high-frequency side of the UWB band. An arc-shaped slot is etched into the radiating patch of a standard compact elliptically shaped UWB monopole antenna. The resulting parasitic element is engineered to produce its fundamental resonant mode in such a manner that a more compact overall design is realized and the broadside-realized gain in the upper UWB frequency range is improved while maintaining impedance matching without any significant changes to the original design parameters. In agreement with simulations, a 61.7% reduction in size from previous designs is demonstrated with more than a 6 dB increase in the realized gain near 10 GHz. To further improve its high-frequency characteristics, a multimode-resonator filter consisting of a single-wing element is combined with the slot-modified UWB antenna. The filter is first designed, fabricated, and measured to demonstrate that it produces the predicted appropriate transmission characteristics throughout the UWB band. The design integration of this compact filter is then presented and the resulting performance characteristics of the overall antenna system illustrate its advantages. The simulated and measured results are in good agreement. They indicate that the integrated design possesses sharp frequency cutoffs at both edges of the UWB passband, as well as strong upper stop-band attenuation. As a consequence, a 2.12 dB further increase of the broadside-realized gain values is demonstrated near 10 GHz.

Tang, M-C, Wang, H & Ziolkowski, R 2016, 'Design and Testing of Simple, Electrically Small, Low-Profile, Huygens Source Antennas with Broadside Radiation Performance', IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, vol. 64, no. 11, pp. 4607-4617.
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The efficacy of a simple, electrically small, low-profile, Huygens source antenna that radiates in its broadside direction is demonstrated numerically and experimentally. First, two types of electrically small, near field resonant parasitic (NFRP) antennas are introduced and their individual radiation performance characteristics are discussed. The electric one is based on a modified Egyptian axe dipole NFRP element; the magnetic one is based on a capacitively loaded loop (CLL) NFRP element. In both cases the driven element is a simple coax-fed dipole antenna, and there is no ground plane. By organically combining these two elements, Huygens source antennas are obtained. A forward propagating demonstrator version was fabricated and tested. The experimental results are in good agreement with their analytical and simulated values. This low profile, ~ 0.05 λ0, and electrically small, ka = 0.645, prototype yielded a peak realized gain of 2.03 dBi in the broadside direction with a front-to-back ratio (FTBR) of 16.92 dB. A backward radiating version is also obtained; its simulated current distribution behavior is compared to that of the forward version to illustrate the design principles.

Tang, M-C, Wang, H, Deng, T & Ziolkowski, RW 2016, 'Compact planar ultrawideband antennas with continuously tunable, independent band-notched filters', IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag, vol. 64, no. 8, pp. 3292-3301.
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A compact planar ultrawideband antenna with continuously tunable, independent band notches for cognitive radio applications is presented. The antenna is fabricated using a copper-cladded substrate. A radiating patch with an inverted rectangular T-slot is etched on the top side of the substrate. A straight rectangular strip with a complete gap is embedded into the T-slot. By placing a single varactor diode across this gap, a frequency-agile band-notch function below 5 GHz is realized. On the bottom side of the substrate, a U-shaped parasitic element having an interdigitated-structure is placed beneath the radiating patch. The second narrow band notch is created by inserting a second varactor diode into the gap on one leg of the parasitic element. It has a frequency-agile performance above 5 GHz. The presence of the interdigitated structure suppresses higher order resonant modes and enhances the tunability of the notched bandwidth. Because these antenna structures naturally block dc, a very small number of lumped elements are required. The experimental results, which are in good agreement with their simulated values, demonstrate that both band notches can be independently controlled and the entire frequency-agile fractional bandwidth is as high as 74.5%, demonstrating a very wide notched frequency-agile coverage.

Tang, M-C, Zhou, B & Ziolkowski, RW 2016, 'Flexible Uniplanar Electrically Small Directive Antenna Empowered by a Modified CPW-Feed', IEEE ANTENNAS AND WIRELESS PROPAGATION LETTERS, vol. 15, pp. 914-917.
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Tong, X, Fang, G & Lin, J 2016, 'A novel approach of energy efficiency based on multiple data collector placement for wireless seismic sensor network', Journal of Computational and Theoretical Nanoscience, vol. 13, no. 10, pp. 6834-6843.
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© Copyright 2016 American Scientific Publishers All rights reserved. Since the geological environments are highly unpredictable and the battery capacity of seismometer nodes in the wireless seismic sensor networks (WSSN) is constraint, the lifetime of the network that using conventional single data collector may be dramatically reduced. Even with the most energyefficient algorithm that deploys multiple data collectors, it is still too difficult to satisfy the system requirement in terms of energy consumption. In this paper, we therefore propose an optimal solution that uses multiple data collectors to minimize the total energy consumption of data transmissions in WSSN. The aim of this work is not only to determine how many data collectors are required, but also to find out how to place them in an effective way, so that the energy efficiency of the system can be further enhanced. In so doing, an optimal solution that is based on the placement of multiple data collectors is proposed. A two-step approach is adopted, in which the number of required data collectors is firstly calculated based on a graph theoretic approach and then the placement of the data collectors are further optimized according to maximize the network lifetime. The simulation analysis shows that with a given number of seismometer nodes, using the proposed algorithm, an optimal value can always be found to extend the WSSN lifetime. As the number of seismometer nodes are selected to be 200, 500, 800 and 1000, the lifetime of the WSSN can be improved by 176%, 236.8%, 408.4% and 575%, respectively.

Tong, X, Fang, G, Nguyen, DN, Lin, J & Cabrera, E 2016, 'An Energy-Balanced Routing Algorithm in Wireless Seismic Sensor Network', Journal of Computational and Theoretical Nanoscience, vol. 13, no. 10, pp. 6823-6833.
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Due to unpredictable geological outdoor environments and imbalances in energy consumption of seismometer nodes in the wireless seismic sensor networks (WSSN), some seismometer nodes fail much earlier than others due to power loss. This would cause hot spot problems, network partitions, and significantly shorten network lifetime. In this paper, we designed an energy-balanced routing algorithm (EBRA) to ensure balanced energy consumption from all seismometer nodes in the WSSN and to enhance the connectivity and lifetime of the WSSN. By aiming at minimizing the imbalance in the residual energy, we divide the routing algorithm into two parts: clustering formation and inter-cluster routing. In clustering formation, we design an energy-balanced clustering algorithm, which selects the cluster head dynamically, based on residual energy, distance between the seismometer node and data collector. The clustering algorithm mitigates hot spot problems by balancing energy consumption among seismometer nodes. In regards to inter-cluster routing, we can relate it to the pareto-candidate set. To reduce the average multi-hop delay from cluster heads to the data collector, we optimize the pareto-candidate set by Hamming distance. In the design of EBRA, we consider minute details such as energy consumed by transmitting bits and impact of average multi-hop delay. This adds to the novelty of this work compared to the existing studies. Simulation results demonstrated a reduction in the average multi-hop delay by 87.5% with network size of 200 nodes in ten different data collector locations. Our algorithm also improves the network lifetime over the others three schemes by 7.8%, 23% and 45.4%, respectively.

Tong, X-Q, Lin, J, Zhang, G-Y & Zhu, X 2016, 'Influence of web plate holes on the radiation noise characteristics of wheels of the high speed train', JOURNAL OF VIBROENGINEERING, vol. 18, no. 7, pp. 4870-4884.
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Tran, LC, Mertins, A, Huang, X & Safaei, F 2016, 'Comprehensive performance analysis of fully cooperative communication in WBANs', IEEE Access, vol. 4, pp. 8737-8756.
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© 2013 IEEE. While relay-based cooperative networks (widely known in the literature as cooperative communication), where relays only forward signals from the sources to the destination, have been extensively researched, fully cooperative systems have not been thoroughly examined. Unlike relay networks, in a fully cooperative network, each node acts as both a source node sending its own data and a relay forwarding its partner's data to the destination. Mutual cooperation between neighboring nodes is believed to improve the overall system error performance, especially when space-time codes are incorporated. However, a comprehensive performance analysis of space-time-coded fully cooperative communication from all three perspectives, namel,y error performance, outage probability, and energy efficiency, is still missing. Answers to the commonly asked questions of whether, in what conditions, and to what extent the space-time-coded fully cooperative communication is better than direct transmission are still unknown. Motivated by this fact and inspired by the increasing popularity of healthcare applications in wireless body area networks (WBANs), this paper derives for the first time a comprehensive performance analysis of a decode-and-forward space-time coded fully cooperative communication network in Rayleigh and Rician fading channels in either identically or non-identically distributed fading scenario. Numerical analysis of error performance, outage probability, and energy efficiency, validated by simulations, show that fully cooperative communication is better than direct transmission from all three aspects in many cases, especially at a low-power and low signal-to-noise ratio regime, which is a typical working condition in WBANs.

Tushar, W, Zhang, JA, Yuen, C, Smith, DB & Ul Hassan, N 2016, 'Management of Renewable Energy for a Shared Facility Controller in Smart Grid', IEEE Access, vol. 4, pp. 4269-4281.
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© 2016 IEEE. This paper proposes an energy management scheme to maximize the use of solar energy in the smart grid. In this context, a shared facility controller (SFC) with a number of solar photovoltaic panels in a smart community is considered that has the capability to schedule the generated energy for consumption and trade to other entities. In particular, a mechanism is designed for the SFC to decide on the energy surplus, if there is any, that it can use to charge its battery and sell to the households and the grid based on the offered prices. In this regard, a hierarchical energy management scheme is proposed with a view to reduce the total operational cost to the SFC. The concept of a virtual cost is introduced that aids the SFC to estimate its future operational cost based on some available current information. The energy management is conducted for three different cases, and the optimal cost to the SFC is determined for each case by the theory of maxima and minima. A real-time algorithm is proposed to reach the optimal cost for all cases, and some numerical examples are provided to demonstrate the beneficial properties of the proposed scheme.

Usman, M, He, X, Lam, K, Xu, M, Bokhari, SM & Chen, J 2016, 'Frame Interpolation for Cloud-Based Mobile Video Streaming', IEEE Transactions on Multimedia, vol. 18, no. 5, pp. 831-839.
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Cloud-based High Definition (HD) video streaming is becoming popular day by day. On one hand, it is important for both end users and large storage servers to store their huge amount of data at different locations and servers. On the other hand, it is becoming a big challenge for network service providers to provide reliable connectivity to the network users. There have been many studies over cloud-based video streaming for Quality of Experience (QoE) for services like YouTube. Packet losses and bit errors are very common in transmission networks, which affect the user feedback over cloud-based media services. To cover up packet losses and bit errors, Error Concealment (EC) techniques are usually applied at the decoder/receiver side to estimate the lost information. This paper proposes a time-efficient and quality-oriented EC method. The proposed method considers H.265/HEVC based intra-encoded videos for the estimation of whole intra-frame loss. The main emphasis in the proposed approach is the recovery of Motion Vectors (MVs) of a lost frame in real-time. To boost-up the search process for the lost MVs, a bigger block size and searching in parallel are both considered. The simulation results clearly show that our proposed method outperforms the traditional Block Matching Algorithm (BMA) by approximately 2.5 dB and Frame Copy (FC) by up to 12 dB at a packet loss rate of 1%, 3%, and 5% with different Quantization Parameters (QPs). The computational time of the proposed approach outperforms the BMA by approximately 1788 seconds.

Wang, C, Cheng, P, Chen, Z, Zhang, JA, Xiao, Y & Gui, L 2016, 'Near-ML Low-Complexity Detection for Generalized Spatial Modulation', IEEE COMMUNICATIONS LETTERS, vol. 20, no. 3, pp. 618-621.
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Wang, J, Qu, Z, Chen, Y, Mei, T, Xu, M, Zhang, L & Lu, H 2016, 'Adaptive Content Condensation Based on Grid Optimization for Thumbnail Image Generation', IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology, vol. 26, no. 11, pp. 2079-2092.
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An ideal thumbnail generator should effectively condense unimportant regions and keep the important content undeformed, completed, and at a proper scale, i.e., accuracy, completeness, and sufficiency. Each retargeting method has its own advantage for resizing arbitrary images. However, they often ignore the completeness and sufficiency for information presentation in thumbnails. In this paper, we formulate thumbnail generation as an image content condensation problem and propose a unified grid optimization framework to fuse multiple operators. From the view of accuracy, completeness, and suffi- ciency for information presentation, we exploit complementary relationships among three condensation operators and fuse them into a unified grid-based convex programming problem, which could be solved simultaneously and efficiently through numerical optimization. Besides warping energy to preserve the geometric structure of important objects, we put forward two grid-based energy terms to keep the completeness of important objects and retain them at a proper size. Finally, an adaptive procedure is proposed to dynamically adjust the contribution of loss functions for achieving optimal content condensation. Both qualitative and quantitative comparison results demonstrate that the proposed method achieves an excellent tradeoff among accuracy, completeness, and sufficiency of information preservation. The experimental results show that our approach is obviously superior to the state-of-the-art techniques.

Wang, J, Xu, M, Lu, H & Burnett, I 2016, 'ActiveAd: A novel framework of linking ad videos to online products', Neurocomputing, vol. 185, pp. 82-92.
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© 2016 Elsevier B.V. With the wide use of consumer electronics and the rapid development of online shopping, more and more ad videos are developed for IDTV and mobile users. However, a huge amount of time spending on the Internet advertising somehow brings users uncomfortable viewing experience rather than effectively generates high consumption of advertised products. Therefore, it is urgent to find a viewer-friendly and advertiser-beneficial solution to launch ads. This paper is the first attempt to improve the effectiveness of advertising through combining online shopping information with an ad video and directing viewers to proper online shopping places. The proposed ActiveAd framework includes four main components. Firstly, an ad video analysis component detects both syntactic and semantic elements from ad videos, e.g. FMPIs (Frame Marked with Production Information), visual concepts, and textual keywords within the ad videos. Our ad video analysis provides a comprehensive solution to extract meaningful elements from ad videos. Secondly, a visual linking by search component is proposed to collect websites which contain similar images as FMPIs. Features used for the visual search are weighted and fused in order to ensure the uniformity of search results. Thirdly, different kinds of tags and product categories extracted from collected websites are aggregated in order to identify the representative text of the product. Finally, query keywords are selected through calculating cosine similarity from two kinds of keywords, i.e. keywords identified from tag aggregation and keywords obtained through ad video analysis (visual concept detection and textual keyword detection). A query vector is generated by selected keywords and used to retrieve product online. In this paper, a powerful cross-media contextual search including visual search, tag aggregation and textual search is achieved with the help of ad video analysis. Experiments demonstrate that our proposed Active...

Wang, W, Jin, R, Bird, TS, Fan, H, Liang, X & Geng, J 2016, 'A Multifixture Full-Wave De-Embedding Method for Characterizing One-Port Devices', IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques, vol. 64, no. 11, pp. 3894-3910.
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© 1963-2012 IEEE. Full-wave de-embedding refers to a network de-embedding technique in which the fixture effects are removed by characterizing any connection interface using a full-wave EM simulation method instead of by measurement alone. This technique is able to achieve consistent definition of equivalent circuit voltage and current when the de-embedded results are used for EM/circuit cosimulation. Adopting this approach, we describe an improved full-wave de-embedding method for characterizing one-port devices, where multiple redundant fixtures with mutually complementary properties are used to minimize the effects of random errors. Based on a linearized error model, the proposed method is able to improve the de-embedding accuracy over a broad frequency range, particularly when the device under test is reconfigurable. The proposed method is verified through the de-embedding of a surface-mount p-i-n diode, for which numerical and experimental results are provided. We also compare our technique with the thru-reflect-line method, and the results show that full-wave de-embedding can be more reliable in developing device models for accurate EM/circuit cosimulation purposes.

Wang, X, Ni, W, Zheng, K, Liu, RP & Niu, X 2016, 'Virus Propagation Modeling and Convergence Analysis in Large-Scale Networks', IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INFORMATION FORENSICS AND SECURITY, vol. 11, no. 10, pp. 2241-2254.
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Wang, Y, Zhang, J, Liu, Z, Wu, Q, Chou, P, Zhang, Z & Jia, Y 2016, 'Handling Occlusion and Large Displacement through Improved RGB-D Scene Flow Estimation', IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology, vol. 26, no. 7, pp. 1265-1278.
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The accuracy of scene flow is restricted by several challenges such as occlusion and large displacement motion. When occlusion happens, the positions inside the occluded regions lose their corresponding counterparts in preceding and succeeding frames. Large displacement motion will increase the complexity of motion modeling and computation. Moreover, occlusion and large displacement motion are highly related problems in scene flow estimation, e.g., large displacement motion often leads to considerably occluded regions in the scene. An improved dense scene flow method based on red-green-blue-depth (RGB-D) data is proposed in this paper. To handle occlusion, we model the occlusion status for each point in our problem formulation, and jointly estimate the scene flow and occluded regions. To deal with large displacement motion, we employ an over-parameterized scene flow representation to model both the rotation and translation components of the scene flow, since large displacement motion cannot be well approximated using translational motion only. Furthermore, we employ a two-stage optimization procedure for this overparameterized scene flow representation. In the first stage, we propose a new RGB-D PatchMatch method, which is mainly applied in the RGB-D image space to reduce the computational complexity introduced by the large displacement motion. According to the quantitative evaluation based on the Middlebury data set, our method outperforms other published methods. The improved performance is also comprehensively confirmed on the real data acquired by Kinect sensor.

Wazirali, R & Chaczko, Z 2016, 'Hyper Edge Detection with Clustering for Data Hiding', Journal of Information Hiding and Multimedia Signal Processing, vol. 7, no. 1, pp. 1-10.
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Hiding of information is a great significance in information security. For information security and intellectual property, effective methods are required. Steganography is the art of hiding information in such a way that it cannot produce distrust about its presence. In this way only the sender and recipient are aware of hidden information. There are two critical characteristics of steganography which are as stego image imperceptibility and payload capacity. Recently, many edge detection based steganogaphy approaches have been developed to provide high imperceptibility of the stego image. However, the capacity of these approaches can be limited. This paper presents an effective edge detection method based on gradient, 9x9 mask of LOG and zero crossing in combination with clustering to classify the image to edge and non-edge regions. Different amount of secret message will be hidden in each cluster after the detection of the edge regions. It declares the stability between stego image imperceptibility and high payload capacity.

Wei, F, Qin, P-Y, Guo, YJ & Shi, X-W 2016, 'Design of multi-band bandpass filters based on stub loaded stepped-impedance resonator with defected microstrip structure', IET Microwaves, Antennas and Propagation, vol. 10, no. 2, pp. 230-236.
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The design of multi-band bandpass filters (BPFs) employing stub loaded stepped-impedance resonator with defected microstrip structure (SL-SIR-DMS) is presented in this study for the first time. The proposed SL-SIR-DMS is created by embedding DMS on the low-impedance line of the SL-SIR. It is found that different defected structures can lead to different frequency responses. In addition, by using DMS, tri-band and even quad-band responses can be easily achieved without increasing the resonator size. As verification, one tri-band SL-SIR-DMS and one quad-band SL-SIRDMS are designed and analysed using even/odd-mode method. Subsequently, one tri-band BPF and one quad-band BPF have been developed with pseudo-interdigital coupling to realise good out-of-band performance. The predicted results are compared with measured ones and good agreement is achieved. Compared with BPFs using only SL-SIR, the proposed filters with DMS are more compact due to the slow-wave characteristic. Compared with the BPFs using defected ground structure to improve the stopband performance, the proposed ones can realise comparable wide stopbands but maintaining the signal integrity on the ground plane for packaging purpose.

Wei, F, Qin, PY, Guo, YJ, Ding, C & Shi, XW 2016, 'Compact Balanced Dual-and Tri-Band BPFs Based on Coupled Complementary Split-Ring Resonators (C-CSRR)', IEEE Microwave and Wireless Components Letters, vol. 26, no. 2, pp. 107-109.
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© 2016 IEEE. Two multi-band balanced bandpass filters (BPFs) are proposed by embedding multi-band coupled complementary split-ring resonators (C-CSRRs) into a balanced stepped-impedance microstrip-slotline transition structure. The proposed C-CSRR is made from two or three nested CSRRs with a pair of coupling slotlines in the open end of each ring, which can result in dual-band or tri-band bandpass responses, respectivley. It is found that a high and wideband common-mode (CM) suppression can be achieved for the proposed filters. Moreover, the center frequencies of the differential-mode (DM) passbands are independent from the CM responses, which significantly simplify the design procedure. In order to validate its practicalbility, two balanced BPFs with two and three DM passbands are fabricated and good agreement between simulated and measured results is observed.

Wu, C, Ling Goh, W, Liang Kok, C, Siek, L, Hei Lam, Y, Zhu, X & Pal Singh, R 2016, 'Asymmetrical Dead-Time Control Driver for Buck Regulator', IEEE Transactions on Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI) Systems, vol. 24, no. 12, pp. 3543-3547.
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This brief presents an asymmetrical dead-time control driver (ASDTCD) for synchronous buck converter operating in the continuous conduction mode. Dead-time control is an important metric for improving the efficiency of switching mode power regulator. Without an additional circuit, the proposed ASDTCD can generate dead time by controlling the slope for the output signal of the driver. The proposed ASDTCD utilizes the transition between triode region and saturation region for the power transistor to avoid body-diode conduction and shoot-through current while minimizing the switching loss. Thus, high-speed body-diode conduction sensor is avoided; thereby, reducing the power consumption and saving silicon area. In addition, the body-diode conduction time control accuracy is also enhanced. Less than 1-ns body-diode conduction time has been achieved without bringing in shoot-through current across 10-450-mA load range. With less than 0.5% of the total input power consumed, the proposed ASDTCD takes less than 1% of the power transistor area. This design is implemented in the 0.18-μm CMOS process.

Xu, KD, Bai, YC, Zhu, CH, Liu, YH, Ren, Y & Liu, QH 2016, 'Compact bandpass filters using multistub loaded spiral short-ended resonator', Microwave and Optical Technology Letters, vol. 58, no. 11, pp. 2738-2741.
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© 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. A novel compact stub-loaded short-ended spiral resonator is presented for the first time. The characteristics of the proposed spiral resonator are deduced by even- and odd-mode analysis method. In addition to miniaturization and high selectivity, the bandpass filter (BPF) utilizing the short-ended spiral resonator is found to have a tunable bandwidth. On the basis of the proposed resonator, two practical BPFs operating at 2.4 GHz with a 3-dB bandwidth of about 20.8 and 37.5% respectively for WLAN application is designed and fabricated. Good agreement between the simulated and measured results is provided to validate the designed concept.© 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 58:2738–2741, 2016.

Yamada, Y, Tadokoro, H, Naqshbandi, M, Canning, J, Crossley, MJ, Suenobu, T & Fukuzumi, S 2016, 'Nanofabrication of a Solid-State, Mesoporous Nanoparticle Composite for Efficient Photocatalytic Hydrogen Generation', CHEMPLUSCHEM, vol. 81, no. 6, pp. 521-525.
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Yang, L, Yang, T, Xie, Y, Yuan, J & An, J 2016, 'Linear Physical-Layer Network Coding and Information Combining for the K-User Fading Multiple-Access Relay Network', IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONS, vol. 15, no. 8, pp. 5637-5650.
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Yang, L, Yang, T, Xie, Y, Yuan, J & An, J 2016, 'Multiuser Decoding Scheme for K-user Fading Multiple-AccessChannel Based on Physical-Layer Network Coding', IEEE Communications Letters, vol. 20, pp. 1046-1049.
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We propose a new practical multiuser decoding scheme based on physical-layer network coding (PNC) for a Kuser fading multiple-access channel. In the scheme, the users encode their messages with a same practical channel code, and the coded and modulated signals are transmitted simultaneously. The receiver first reconstructs K linear functions of the K users’ messages based on PNC. Then all messages are recovered by solving the K linear equations. Compared to the well-known iterative detection and decoding schemes, we show by numerical results that the proposed scheme achieves near interference-free bound performance without utilizing receiver iterations.

Yang, Y, Zhu, X, Ma, K, Simorangkir, R, Chandra Karmakar, N & Esselle, KP 2016, 'Development of Wireless Transducer for Real-Time Remote Patient Monitoring', IEEE Sensors Journal, vol. 16, no. 12, pp. 4669-4670.
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A novel wireless transducer that uses analog-based technology at 2.4 GHz is presented in this letter. The transducer consists of an electrocardiography (ECG) detection circuit and a novel three-stage amplitude modulation transmitter that up-converts the ECG signal to a 2.4-GHz carrier frequency. To minimize the effects due to local oscillator leakage as well as the interference at the image frequency, the intermediate frequency is carefully selected, and a bandpass filter with a very sharp selectivity is designed. As demonstrated by the experimental results, the full-wave ECG signals can be successfully demodulated from the transmitted signal using the presented transducer. This enables the possibility of using analog-based technology for remote patient monitoring in real time.

Ye, L, Liu, Z, Zhou, X, Shen, L & Zhang, J 2016, 'Saliency Detection Via Similar Image Retrieval', IEEE SIGNAL PROCESSING LETTERS, vol. 23, no. 6, pp. 838-842.
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Ye, L, Xiao, Y, Liu, Y, Zhang, L, Cai, G & Liu, QH 2016, 'Strongly Confined Spoof Surface Plasmon Polaritons Waveguiding Enabled by Planar Staggered Plasmonic Waveguides', Scientific Reports, vol. 6.
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© The Author(s) 2016. We demonstrate a novel route to achieving highly efficient and strongly confined spoof surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) waveguides at subwavelength scale enabled by planar staggered plasmonic waveguides (PSPWs). The structure of these new waveguides consists of an ultrathin metallic strip with periodic subwavelength staggered double groove arrays supported by a flexible dielectric substrate, leading to unique staggered EM coupling and waveguiding phenomenon. The spoof SPP propagation properties, including dispersion relations and near field distributions, are numerically investigated. Furthermore, broadband coplanar waveguide (CPW) to planar staggered plasmonic waveguide (PSPW) transitions are designed to achieve smooth momentum matching and highly efficient spoof SPP mode conversion. By applying these transitions, a CPW-PSPW-CPW structure is designed, fabricated and measured to verify the PSPW's propagation performance at microwave frequencies. The investigation results show the proposed PSPWs have excellent performance of deep subwavelength spoof SPPs confinement, long propagation length and low bend loss, as well as great design flexibility to engineer the propagation properties by adjusting their geometry dimensions and material parameters. Our work opens up a new avenue for development of various advanced planar integrated plasmonic devices and circuits in microwave and terahertz regimes.

You, P, Liu, Y, Huang, X, Zhu, C & Liu, Q 2016, 'Modified GA-FFT for synthesizing shaped pattern of unequally spaced array in presence of mutual coupling', Dianzi Yu Xinxi Xuebao/Journal of Electronics and Information Technology, vol. 38, no. 8, pp. 2107-2112.
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© 2016, Science Press. All right reserved. A new Virtual Least-Square Active Element Pattern Expansion (VLS-AEPE) method is presented in this paper, which considers each active element pattern of an unequally spaced array as the one radiated by some of equally spaced elements of a virtual array. Using the help of this method, the pattern of an unequally spaced array including mutual coupling can be efficiently calculated by FFT. In addition, this method is combined with the Genetic Algorithm (GA) to deal with the shaped pattern synthesis problem for unequally spaced linear arrays. Two synthesis experiments including the synthesis of flat-top pattern for an unequally spaced dipole array and the synthesis of cosec-squared pattern for an unequally spaced microstrip array are conducted to verify the effectiveness and advantages of the proposed algorithm.

Zhang, JA, Chen, Z, Cheng, P & Huang, X 2016, 'Multiple-Measurement Vector based Implementation for Single-Measurement Vector Sparse Bayesian Learning with Reduced Complexity', Signal Processing, vol. 118, no. January 2016, pp. 153-158.
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Sparse Bayesian learning (SBL) has high computational complexity associated with matrix inversion in each iteration. In this paper, we investigate complexity reduced multiple-measurement vector (MMV) based implementation for single-measurement vector SBL problems. For problems with special structured sensing matrices, we propose two sub-optimal SBL schemes with significantly reduced complexity and slight estimation performance degradation, by exploiting the deterministic correlation in the converted MMV model explicitly. Two application scenarios on channel estimation in multicarrier systems and direction of arrival estimation are presented. Simulation results validate the effectiveness of the schemes.

Zhang, JA, Ni, W, Cheng, P & Lu, Y 2016, 'Angle-of-Arrival Estimation Using Different Phase Shifts Across Subarrays in Localized Hybrid Arrays', IEEE Communications Letters, vol. 20, no. 11, pp. 2205-2208.
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© 1997-2012 IEEE. Angle-of-arrival (AoA) estimation, even for a single arriving signal, in a localized hybrid array is challenging and time-consuming due to a phase ambiguity problem. Subarrays use the same phase shifting values conventionally to exploit cross correlation between them. This results in the requirement of scanning multiple angles over excessively long periods to resolve the phase ambiguity problem. In this letter, we propose an approach which allows subarrays to use different phase shifts per estimation and can resolve the ambiguity problem by directly estimating the desired AoA parameter. This can potentially speed up the estimation and improve the estimation performance significantly. Simulation results are provided to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach.

Zhang, L, Zhang, S, Liu, Y & Liu, QH 2016, 'Broadband Tunable Frequency Selective Surface for Steerable Antenna Applications', IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ANTENNAS AND PROPAGATION, vol. 64, no. 12, pp. 5496-5500.
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Zhang, L, Zhang, S, Song, Z, Liu, Y, Ye, L & Liu, QH 2016, 'Adaptive Decoupling Using Tunable Metamaterials', IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques, vol. 64, no. 9, pp. 2730-2739.
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© 1963-2012 IEEE. A novel method of decoupling two closely placed antennas is proposed based on tunable metamaterials. The experimental results show that this method has more than 110-dB isolation ratio, frequency and bandwidth reconfigurable ability, and environmental adaptivity. These features are realized by placing multiple varactor-based tunable resonant structures between two antennas within the near-field region and by using artificial intelligent algorithm to optimize the transmission coefficient between the antennas. A case of suppressing mutual coupling between two orthogonally polarized arrays is given to demonstrate the versatility of this method.

Zhang, T, Jia, W, Zhu, Y & Yang, J 2016, 'Automatic tracking of neural stem cells in sequential digital images', Biocybernetics and Biomedical Engineering, vol. 36, no. 1, pp. 66-75.
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Zhang, T, Yang, Z, Jia, W, Yang, B, Yang, J & He, X 2016, 'A new method for violence detection in surveillance scenes', Multimedia Tools and Applications, vol. 75, no. 12, pp. 7327-7349.
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Violence detection is a hot topic for surveillance systems. However, it has not been studied as much as for action recognition. Existing vision-based methods mainly concentrate on violence detection and make little effort to determine the location of violence. In this paper, we propose a fast and robust framework for detecting and localizing violence in surveillance scenes. For this purpose, a Gaussian Model of Optical Flow (GMOF) is proposed to extract candidate violence regions, which are adaptively modeled as a deviation from the normal behavior of crowd observed in the scene. Violence detection is then performed on each video volume constructed by densely sampling the candidate violence regions. To distinguish violent events from nonviolent events, we also propose a novel descriptor, named as Orientation Histogram of Optical Flow (OHOF), which are fed into a linear SVM for classification. Experimental results on several benchmark datasets have demonstrated the superiority of our proposed method over the state-of-the-arts in terms of both detection accuracy and processing speed, even in crowded scenes.

Zhao, Y, He, X, Chen, B & Zhao, X 2016, 'Enhanced kernel minimum squared error algorithm and its application in face recognition', Journal of Southeast University (English Edition), vol. 32, no. 1, pp. 35-38.
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© 2016, Editorial Department of Journal of Southeast University. All right reserved. To improve the classification performance of the kernel minimum squared error (KMSE), an enhanced KMSE algorithm (EKMSE) is proposed. It redefines the regular objective function by introducing a novel class label definition, and the relative class label matrix can be adaptively adjusted to the kernel matrix. Compared with the common methods, the new objective function can enlarge the distance between different classes, which therefore yields better recognition rates. In addition, an iteration parameter searching technique is adopted to improve the computational efficiency. The extensive experiments on FERET and GT face databases illustrate the feasibility and efficiency of the proposed EKMSE. It outperforms the original MSE, KMSE, some KMSE improvement methods, and even the sparse representation-based techniques in face recognition, such as collaborate representation classification (CRC).

Zhao, Y, Sun, B, Liu, Y, Ren, J, Zhang, J, Yang, J, Canning, J, Peng, GD & Yuan, L 2016, 'Polarization mode coupling and related effects in fiber Bragg grating inscribed in polarization maintaining fiber', OPTICS EXPRESS, vol. 24, no. 1, pp. 611-619.
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Zhou, A, Liu, M, Li, Z & Dutkiewicz, E 2016, 'Joint Traffic Splitting, Rate Control, Routing, and Scheduling Algorithm for Maximizing Network Utility in Wireless Mesh Networks', IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON VEHICULAR TECHNOLOGY, vol. 65, no. 4, pp. 2688-2702.
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Zhou, HL, Lam, KM & He, XS 2016, 'Shape-Appearance-Correlated Active Appearance Model Pattern Recognition', Pattern Recognition, vol. 56, pp. 88-99.
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Among the challenges faced by current active shape or appearance models, facial-feature localization in the wild, with occlusion in a novel face image, i.e. in a generic environment, is regarded as one of the most difficult computer-vision tasks. In this paper, we propose an Active Appearance Model (AAM) to tackle the problem of generic environment. Firstly, a fast face-model initialization scheme is proposed, based on the idea that the local appearance of feature points can be accurately approximated with locality constraints. Nearest neighbors, which have similar poses and textures to a test face, are retrieved from a training set for constructing the initial face model. To further improve the fitting of the initial model to the test face, an orthogonal CCA (oCCA) is employed to increase the correlation between shape features and appearance features represented by Principal Component Analysis (PCA). With these two contributions, we propose a novel AAM, namely the shape-appearance-correlated AAM (SAC-AAM), and the optimization is solved by using the recently proposed fast simultaneous inverse compositional (Fast-SIC) algorithm. Experiment results demonstrate a 5–10% improvement on controlled and semi-controlled datasets, and with around 10% improvement on wild face datasets in terms of fitting accuracy compared to other state-of-the-art AAM models.

Zhu, C, Liu, L, Liu, Y & Yu, Z 2016, 'An effective semi-analytic algorithm for solving helmholtz equation in 1-D', Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics), vol. 9714 LNCS, pp. 505-512.
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© Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2016. An efficient and accurate algorithm for solving Helmholtz equation in 1-D is presented in this paper. The key point of this work is to derive the analytic form for the convolution of the Green’s function and a complex exponential function with a finite support domain. A linear subtraction skill is introduced to improve the sampling efficiency. Therefore, the convolution of any function with the Green’s function is given in a semi-analytic form, which can be computed in a fast way with the help of FFT or NUFFT.

Zhu, C, Liu, L, Song, Z, Liu, Y & Liu, QH 2016, 'An efficient exact numerical solution for scattering by a circular cylinder', IEEJ Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Engineering, vol. 11, pp. S3-S10.
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© 2016 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc. An efficient and exact spectral integral method (SIM) for the general problems of scattering by a circular cylinder is presented, both for acoustic and electromagnetic cases. Fast Fourier transform (FFT) and convolution theorem help us to execute the algorithm efficiently with (O(N log (N))) computational complexity. The Fourier coefficients of the integral kernels are computed in a semianalytical way to accomplish a fast convergence rate with spectral accuracy. Compared with the method not using the semianalytical forms, without the increase of the computing and memory abundance, it saves more than 90% sampling points to achieve about the same accuracy, and with the same number of sampling points, several to more than ten orders of magnitude more accuracy can be achieved. For example, for the tested large wavenumber case with 2 × 10 6 wavelengths on the boundary, only two sampling points per wavelength are required to achieve a relative error of less than 0.001%. More than 90% computational time is saved compared with the normal summation formula of harmonic cylinder expansions. © 2016 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

Zhu, H & Abbosh, A 2016, 'Compact tunable bandpass filter with wide tuning range of centre frequency and bandwidth using coupled lines and short-ended stubs', IET Microwaves, Antennas and Propagation, vol. 10, no. 8, pp. 863-870.
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© The Institution of Engineering and Technology 2016. A tunable bandpass filter with wide tuning range of both its centre frequency and bandwidth is presented. This type of filter is a key element in modern wideband and multiband systems. The proposed filter is based on short sections of two pairs of shunt connected parallel-coupled lines and short-ended stub resonators, which are tuned using varactor diodes. The structure has two resonant modes as well as one-side edge transmission zero that can be relocated and controlled for any desired position. A thorough theoretical analysis is utilised to find the initial values of the filter's design parameters and estimate its performance. To validate the proposed design and its theoretical analysis, two prototype filters are fabricated and tested. The measured results indicate wide tuning range ratios for the centre frequency and bandwidth of up to 2.85 (0.52 to 1.48 GHz) and up to 5.2 (55 to 285 MHz), respectively. The fabricated filters are compact with an overall size (in guided wavelengths at the centre frequency) of less than 0.06 × 0.16.

Zhu, H & Abbosh, AM 2016, 'Modified Wideband Marchand Balun with Tunable Power Division Ratio and Constant Phase', IEEE Microwave and Wireless Components Letters, vol. 26, no. 5, pp. 319-321.
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© 2016 IEEE. A balun with a wide tunable power division ratio and constant phase across a wide frequency band is presented. The proposed design is a modification of the traditional Marchand balun with a varactor and series resistor loaded at the central point of the two connected pairs of coupled lines. The varactor is used to control the power division ratio at two output ports, whereas the resistor is used to stabilize the power division across a wide operational bandwidth. The achievable power division ratio and differential phase are investigated for different band ranges. A prototype is designed, fabricated, and tested. The results indicate a tuning power ratio range from 1:1 to 3.5:1 across 80% fractional bandwidth (1.2-2.8 GHz) with more than 10 dB return loss and less than 9°differential phase.

Zhu, H & Abbosh, AM 2016, 'Single-and Dual-Band Bandpass Filters Using Coupled Stepped-Impedance Resonators with Embedded Coupled-Lines', IEEE Microwave and Wireless Components Letters, vol. 26, no. 9, pp. 675-677.
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© 2016 IEEE. A pair of coupled stepped-impedance resonators and its use to build single-and dual-band bandpass filter (BPF) is presented. To that end, two symmetrical stepped-impedance resonators with two embedded coupled-line sections are used. The adopted resonators are coupled at the two open-ended edges. The first even-mode resonant mode can be suppressed or excited based on whether it is required to realize a single-or dual-band response. Sharp passband selectivity and stopband harmonic suppression are achieved due to the existence of multiple transmission zeros. For verification, single-and dual-band filters using the proposed resonator are designed, fabricated and tested. The experimental results show a passband of 2.34-2.62 GHz (centered at 2.45 GHz for WLAN system), less than 1.5 dB insertion loss for the single-band filter; the dual-band design has two passbands ranged from 2.28-2.67 GHz and 3.35-3.63 GHz with less than 1.2 dB insertion loss for WLAN and WiMAX systems.

Zhu, H, Abbosh, AM & Guo, L 2016, 'Wideband Four-Way Filtering Power Divider with Sharp Selectivity and Wide Stopband Using Looped Coupled-Line Structures', IEEE Microwave and Wireless Components Letters, vol. 26, no. 6, pp. 413-415.
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© 2001-2012 IEEE. A compact wideband four-way filtering PD is presented. The structure of the proposed device includes a pair of looped coupled-line structures to provide the needed power division to four output ports. Moreover, a pair of short-ended coupled-line stubs is used to introduce multiple transmission poles and transmission zeros for a sharp cut-off of the passband and high upper-stopband rejection. A detailed design procedure is shown to determine the initial design parameters. A prototype is designed, simulated and measured experimentally. The measured results show 56.5% bandwidth centered at 1.5 GHz with more than 15 dB upper-stopband rejection up to 4.15 GHz, more than 13 dB in-band isolation, and 15 dB return loss at all output ports.

Ziolkowski, RW, Tang, MC & Chen, Y 2016, 'Experimentally validated, planar, wideband, electrically small, monopole filtennas based on capacitively loaded loop resonators', IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, vol. 64, no. 8, pp. 3353-3360.
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Two planar efficient wideband electrically small monopole filtennas are presented. The first one directly evolved from a common planar capacitively loaded loop (CLL)-based filter. This filtenna possesses a flat realized gain response within the operational band and good band-edge selectivity. The second filtenna consists of a driven element augmented with a CLL structure and with slots etched into its ground plane. It expands the fractional impedance bandwidth of the first case from 6.28% up to 7.9%. It too has a gain response that remains flat over its operational bandwidth and even higher band-edge selectivity. Both filtennas are electrically small: ka<;1 . The experimental results, which are in good agreement with their simulated values, demonstrate that both filtennas exhibit excellent impedance matching, high radiation efficiency, flat gain response, and steep skirts at both band edges, as well as producing monopole radiation patterns that are uniform and nearly omnidirectional in their H-planes.

Abidi, S, Piccardi, M & Williams, M 2016, 'Static Action Recognition by Efficient Greedy Inference', Proceedings of the 2016 IEEE Winter Conference on Applications of Computer Vision, IEEE Winter Conference on Applications of Computer Vision, IEEE, Lake Placid, NY, USA, pp. 1-8.
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Action recognition from a single image is an important task for applications such as image annotation, robotic navigation, video surveillance and several others. Existing methods for recognizing actions from still images mainly rely on either bag-of-feature representations or pose estimation from articulated body-part models. However, the relationship between the action and the containing image is still substantially unexplored. Actually, the presence of given objects or specific backgrounds is likely to provide informative clues for the recognition of the action. For this reason, in this paper we propose approaching action recognition by first partitioning the entire image into superpixels, and then using their latent classes as attributes of the action. The action class is predicted based on a graphical model composed of measurements from each superpixel and a fully-connected graph of superpixel classes. The model is learned using a latent structural SVM approach, and an efficient, greedy algorithm is proposed to provide inference over the graph. Differently from most existing methods, the proposed approach does not require annotation of the actor (usually provided as a bounding box). Experimental results over the challenging Stanford 40 Action dataset have reported an impressive mean average precision of 72.3%, the highest achieved to date.

Aldebei, K, He, X, Jia, W & Yang, J 2016, 'Unsupervised Multi-Author Document Decomposition Based on Hidden Markov Model', Proceedings of the 54th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics, Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics, Association for Computational Linguistics, Berlin, Germany, pp. 706-714.
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This paper proposes an unsupervised approach for segmenting a multiauthor document into authorial components. The key novelty is that we utilize the sequential patterns hidden among document elements when determining their authorships. For this purpose, we adopt Hidden Markov Model (HMM) and construct a sequential probabilistic model to capture the dependencies of sequential sentences and their authorships. An unsupervised learning method is developed to initialize the HMM parameters. Experimental results on benchmark datasets have demonstrated the significant benefit of our idea and our approach has outperformed the state-of-the-arts on all tests. As an example of its applications, the proposed approach is applied for attributing authorship of a document and has also shown promising results.

Al-Doghman, F, Chaczko, Z, Ajayan, A & Klempous, R 2016, 'A Review on Fog Computing Technology', Proceedings of the 2016 IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics (SMC 2016), IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man and Cybernetics, IEEE, Budapest, Hungary, pp. 1525-1530.
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Out of the many computing and software oriented models that are being adopted by Computer Networking, Fog Computing has captured quite a wide audience in Research and Industry. There is a lot of confusion on its precise definition, position, role and application. The Internet of Things (IOT), todays' digitized intelligent connectivity domain, demands real time response in many applications and services. This renders Fog Computing a suitable platform for achieving goals of autonomy and efficiency. This paper is a justification of the concepts, interest, approaches, and practices of Fog Computing. It describes the need for adopting this new model and investigate its prime features by elucidating the scenarios for implementing it, thereby outlining its significance in the IoT world.

Alzoubi, Y & Gill, A 2015, 'An Agile Enterprise Architecture-Driven Model for Geographically Distributed Agile Development', Transforming Healthcare Through Information Systems: Proceedings of the 24th International Conference on Information Systems Development, International Conference on Information Systems Development, Springer International Publishing, Harbin, China, pp. 67-77.
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Agile development is a highly collaborative environment, which requires active communication (i.e. effective and efficient communication) among stakeholders. The active communication in geographically distributed agile development (GDAD) environment is difficult to achieve due to many challenges. Literature has reported that active communication play critical role in enhancing GDAD performance through reducing the cost and time of a project. However, little empirical evidence is known about how to study and establish active communication construct in GDAD in terms of its dimensions, determinants and effects on GDAD performance. To address this knowledge gap, this paper describes an enterprise architecture (EA) driven research model to identify and empirically examine the GDAD active communication construct. This model can be used by researchers and practitioners to examine the relationships among two dimensions of GDAD active communication (effectiveness and efficiency), one antecedent that can be controlled (agile EA), and four dimensions of GDAD performance (on-time completion, on-budget completion, software functionality and software quality).

Alzughaibi, A & Chaczko, Z 2016, 'Human detection model using feature extraction method in video frames', Proceedings of the 2016 International Conference on Image and Vision Computing New Zealand (IVCNZ), Image and Vision Computing New Zealand (IVCNZ), IEEE, Palmerston North, New Zealand, pp. 1-6.
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© 2016 IEEE.This paper presents a robust machine learning based computational solution for human detection. The proposed mechanism is specifically applicable for pose-variant situations in video frames. In order to address the pose variance problem, features are extracted using an improved variant of Histograms of Gradients (HoG) and local Binary Pattern features (LBP). The two feature sets are combined to form a feature vector based on different poses and human shapes, while a support vector machine (SVM)-based classifier is used for detection. Common issues faced by current approaches include false and missed detections in frames with robust feature-sets consisting of improved HoG features and LBP features with rotation information. The proposed detector model performs efficiently; the miss rates are reduced, the true positives are increased, and the accuracy is improved. Some false detections for human look alike objects are also observed. A diverse dataset depicting different poses is used for training purposes. A challenge test dataset is used to test the performance of the proposed approach against current state-of-the-art detectors to verify the performance. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves are plotted to compare and evaluate the results based on miss rates and true positives, which demonstrate the proposed model achieves optimal results.

Ara, P, Cheng, S, Heimlich, M & Dutkiewicz, E 2016, 'Grid sensitivity analysis of human phantom models to minimize the simulation error for capsule endoscope localization', Proceedings of the 2015 15th International Symposium on Communications and Information Technologies, ISCIT 2015, International Symposium on Communications and Information Technologies, IEEE, Nara, Japan, pp. 295-298.
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© 2015 IEEE.Sensitivity analysis plays an important role in a variety of statistical methodologies, design procedures and model selection. For development of in-body wireless communications, it is essential to evaluate the designed system performance prior to conducting any practical procedures. Localization of a capsule endoscope inside the gastrointestinal tract is one of the areas that needs to be precisely addressed in wireless body area networks. Since practical experiments on the real human body are quite infeasible, various human phantom models have been developed for this purpose. This study provides a detailed sensitivity analysis for two different anatomical human phantom models. The study shows that the adjustment of best possible grid and the number of cells have a significant impact on the simulation results to obtain a precise path loss and consequently to estimate an accurate location of capsule. This all aid us to improve the system performance.

Awwad, S & Piccardi, M 2016, 'Local depth patterns for fine-grained activity recognition in depth videos', Proceedings of the International Conference Image and Vision Computing New Zealand, Image and Vision Computing New Zealand (IVCNZ), IEEE, Palmerston North, New Zealand, pp. 214-219.
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© 2016 IEEE.Fine-grained activities are human activities involving small objects and small movements. Automatic recognition of such activities can prove useful for many applications, including detailed diarization of meetings and training sessions, assistive human-computer interaction and robotics interfaces. Existing approaches to fine-grained activity recognition typically leverage the combined use of multiple sensors including cameras, RFID tags, gyroscopes and accelerometers borne by the monitored people and target objects. Although effective, the downside of these solutions is that they require minute instrumentation of the environment that is intrusive and hard to scale. To this end, this paper investigates fine-grained activity recognition in a kitchen setting by solely using a depth camera. The primary contribution of this work is an aggregated depth descriptor that effectively captures the shape of the objects and the actors. Experimental results over the challenging '50 Salads' dataset of kitchen activities show an accuracy comparable to that of a state-of-the-art approach based on multiple sensors, thereby validating a less intrusive and more practical way of monitoring fine-grained activities.

Baccini, D, Cook, K, Canning, J, Allwood, G, Wild, G & Hinckley, S 2016, 'Fiber Bragg grating inscription in endlessly single mode photonic crystal fiber using direct write arf laser', Optics InfoBase Conference Papers.
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© OSA 2016. The inscription of fibre Bragg gratings in endlessly single mode photonic crystal fibre using H2 loading and direct-writing sthrough a phase mask with a 193 nm ArF laser is reported.

Bah, AO, Qin, P & Guo, J 2016, 'An Extremely Wideband Tapered Balun for Application inTightly Coupled Arrays', Proceedings of the 2016 IEEE-APS Topical Conference on Antennas and Propagation in Wireless Communications (APWC), IEEE-APS Topical Conference on Antennas and Propagation in Wireless Communications (APWC), IEEE, Cairns, Australia.
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This paper presents the design of a single layer, compact, tapered balun with a >20:1 bandwidth and less than λ/17 in length at the lowest frequency of operation. The balun operates from 0.7GHz to over 15GHz. It can provide both impedance transformation as well as a balanced feed for tightly coupled arrays. Its performance is compared with that of a full-length balun operating over the same frequency band. There is a high degree of agreement between the two baluns.

Bai, J, Liu, Y, Cheng, J, You, P & Liu, Q 2016, 'Shaped power pattern antenna array synthesis with reduction of dynamic range ratio', 2016 Progress In Electromagnetics Research Symposium, PIERS 2016 - Proceedings, pp. 2444-2447.
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© 2016 IEEE. A shaped power pattern synthesis with reduction of dynamic range ratio (DRR) is presented in this paper. Controlling the DRR of the excitations for the shaped power pattern synthesis is very useful since it can reduce the output power loss and also simplifies the complexity of the feeding network design. The synthesis of shaped pattern is typically a nonconvex optimization problem. To solve this problem efficiently, we formulate the synthesis as Semi-definite relaxation (SDR) form which allows to relax some non-convex constraints so as to formulate the problem into a convex form. Then it can be efficiently solved using readily available toolbox. Finally, numerical example is presented to show the effectiveness and advantages of the proposed method.

Bajwa, MA & Gill, AQ 2016, 'Enterprise IT Governance: Back to Basics', 25th International Conference on Information Systems Development, International Conference on Information Systems Development, AIS eLibrary, Katowice, Poland..

Barua, S & Braun, RM 2016, 'A Novel Approach of Mobility Management for the D2D Communications in 5G Mobile Cellular Network System', Proceedings of the 2016 18th Asia-Pacific Network Operations and Management Symposium (APNOMS), Asia-Pacific Network Operations and Management Symposium, IEEE Communications Society, Kanazawa, Japan, pp. 1-4.
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The telecommunication system is still the key to success and survival from the very pre-historic man with fire signal to the current smart-phone with the millions of applications. Fifth Generation (5G) mobile network refers to the next major phase of mobile telecommunications system beyond the currently available IMT-Advanced/4G standards. 5G is expected to fulfil major demands of data services in telecommunication system along with new era of Internet of Things (IoT). A lot of researchers have proposed the probable technological enhancement for the 5G network. Some big projects like METIS [1] and 5GNOW [2] already progressed significantly towards 5G. In [3], authors highlight five disruptive technology directions for 5G network which are device-centric architecture, milimeter wave (mmWave), massive MIMO, smarter devices, native support for machine to machine (M2M) communications. A multi-tier 5G wireless cellular network from an interference management perspective is suggested in [4]. In this paper, visions and requirements for the 5G multi-tier network are discussed that are data rate and latency, Machine Type Communication (MTC) devices, mmWave communication multiple RATS, base station densification, prioritized spectrum access, network-assisted Device to Device (D2D) communication, energy harvesting for energy-efficient commumcation. 3D beamforming [5] is another scope of 5G. 5G network is assumed to change into device-centric architecture [3]. Uniform network solution is the trend and challenge for the 5G network. Wireless communications without mobility could hardly be imagined. Mobility management for the any wireless communications has been regarded as the high priority issue. We have almost smooth mobility management for the latest telecommunications system like LTE-A. However, mobility for the D2D devices is not so easy to compare with the currently available techniques. The aim of the paper is to establish an algorithm that will facilitate the smooth m...

Bashir, MR & Gill, AQ 2016, 'Towards an IoT Big Data Analytics Framework: Smart Buildings Systems', http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/7828529/, IEEE International Conference on High Performance Computing and Communications, IEEE, Sydney, Australia, pp. 1325-1332.
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Baum, TC, Ghorbani, K, Galehdar, A, Nicholson, KJ & Ziolkowski, RW 2016, 'Multi-functional composite metamaterial-inspired EEAD antenna for structural applications', 2016 International Workshop on Antenna Technology, iWAT 2016, International Workshop on Antenna Technology, IEEE, Cocoa Beach, Florida, pp. 144-147.
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© 2016 IEEE.An electrically small, load-bearing Egyptian axe dipole (EAD) antenna has been sewn into a low loss, pure quartz glass composite material to investigate its performance. Previous investigations of embroidered Egyptian axe dipole antennas indicated that the dielectric losses of the associated epoxy-based composite, in conjunction with the high effective surface resistance of the conductive textile threads, significantly degrade their performance. Simulations of the EAD antenna using a composite sandwich structure based on an advanced embroidery technique and the much lower loss quartz fabric have shown that a realized gain of 0.9 dBi is possible, a dramatic improvement over previous realizations.

Baum, TC, Ghorbani, K, Ziolkowski, RW & Nicholson, KJ 2016, 'Investigation of microwave active elements embedded in composite structures', 2016 IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Symposium (IMS), International Microwave Symposium, IEEE, IEEE, pp. 1-3.
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Bautista, M, Dutkiewicz, E, Huang, X, Nguyen, D & Zhu, F 2016, 'Quadrature Broadband Phase Shift Generation Using Passive RC Polyphase Filter for RF Front-end', Proceedings of the 2016 16th International Symposium on Communications and Information Technologies (ISCIT), International Symposium on Communications and Information Technologies, IEEE, Qingdao, China, pp. 597-601.
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This paper reviews the state of the art of a polyphase complex filter for RF front-end low-IF transceivers applications. We then propose a multi-stage polyphase filter design to generate a quadrature I/Q signal to achieve a wideband precision quadrature phase shift with a constant 90 ° phase difference for self-interference cancellation circuit for full duplex radio. The number of the stages determines the bandwidth requirement of the channel. An increase of 87% in bandwidth is attained when our design is implemented in multi-stage from 2 to an extended 6 stages. A 4-stage polyphase filter achieves 2.3 GHz bandwidth.

Bautista, MG, Jilluh, QI, Heimlich, M, Dutkiewicz, E & Pasco, J 2015, 'Design of low power, high PSRR low drop-out voltage regulator', 8th International Conference on Humanoid, Nanotechnology, Information Technology, Communication and Control, Environment and Management, HNICEM 2015, International Conference on Humanoid, Nanotechnology, Information Technology, Communication and Control, Environment and Management, HNICEM, IEEE, Cebu City, Philippines.
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© 2015 IEEE.This paper presents a low power, low drop-out (LDO) voltage regulator, designed and implemented using 0.18 micron CMOS process. With a supply voltage of 1.8V, 50mA current and with a single compensation capacitor of 1pF. A constant transconductance current reference is used as a bias circuit for the Error Amplifier. The maximum output load current is 50mA at a regulated output voltage of 1.68V.The voltage regulator delivers a full load transient response of 5.5mV overshoot and 3.4mV undershoot. Furthermore, the LDO PSRR rating is -73dB @ 16.7MHz, and a relatively low power of 90mW.

Bird, TS 2016, 'Role of radio astronomy as a testbed for future wireless applications', Proceedings of the 2016 18th International Conference on Electromagnetics in Advanced Applications, ICEAA 2016, pp. 410-412.
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© 2016 IEEE. Radio astronomy has a record of providing a suitable testbed for potential future wireless devices. The reverse also occurs. This paper discusses this relationship through Australian examples and concludes that this symbionic partnership is a result of flexibility from the people involved.

Bird, TS 2016, 'The early development of corrugated horns', 2016 IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium, APSURSI 2016 - Proceedings, pp. 1009-1010.
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© 2016 IEEE. A summary is provided of developments leading to the design of the corrugated horn antenna. This is based on material sourced from the early pioneers of this technology notably Cutler, Minnett & Thomas, and Clarricoats & Olver.

Bird, TS & Hanham, SM 2016, 'Measurement of mutual coupling between profiled dielectric rod antennas', Proceeding - 2015 IEEE International Conference on Antenna Measurements and Applications, IEEE CAMA 2015.
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© 2015 IEEE. Arrays of dielectric rod antennas are being considered at millimeter and terahertz frequencies for a variety of application. The mutual coupling in such an array is assessed through the measurement and computation for two dielectric rods in the array. Results are presented for linearly tapered rods and rods that give low sidelobes. It is shown that the coupling in both principal planes are comparable and also decay with a normalized element spacing at a similar rate.

Biswas, P, Sharma, S, Canning, J & Bandyopadhyay, S 2016, 'Regenerated gratings redefined', Optics InfoBase Conference Papers.
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© OSA 2016. The dependency between erasing and subsequent regeneration of a Type-I grating in H 2 loaded standard single mode fiber as a function of T is explored with accelerated annealing.

Braun, R, Brookes, W, Chaczko, Z & Hadgraft, R 2016, 'Position paper: BE (Hons) data engineering', Information Technology Based Higher Education and Training (ITHET), 2016 15th International Conference on, IEEE, pp. 1-6.
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Braun, RM, Ranglund, O, Kiønig, L, Holen, S, Vold, T, Venemyr, G & Bakken, BT 2016, 'Using Games for Teaching Crisis Communication in Higher Education and Training', 2016 15th International Conference on Information Technology Based Higher Education and Training, ITHET 2016, IEEE International Conference on IT Based Higher Education and Training (ITHET), IEEE, Istanbul, Turkey.
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Canning, J 2016, 'Optically induced charge transfer as the foundation for nanobot technology', Optics InfoBase Conference Papers, Photonics and Fiber Technology, OSA Publishing, Sydney, New South ales, Australia.
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© OSA 2016.A new approach to fabricating nanobot technology based on charge transfer with optical excitation is proposed. Some general molecular robotic systems are suggested, including the possibility of a nanobot with molecular clamps for gripping and tail for locomotion.

Canning, J 2016, 'Optically induced charge transfer as the foundation for nanobot technology', Optics InfoBase Conference Papers.
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© 2016 OSA. A new approach to fabricating nanobot technology based on charge transfer with optical excitation is proposed. Some general molecular robotic systems are suggested, including the possibility of a nanobot with molecular clamps for gripping and tail for locomotion.

Canning, J 2016, 'Smart devices and photonics for sensing and diagnostics (KEYNOTE)', http://www.ests16.org/, Emerging Sensing Technologies Summit (ESTS).
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Smart device technologies are revolutionising diagnostics for sensing across medical, agricultural, industrial, consumer and many other industries. In early days the integration of photonic components has been limited to optical components such as LEDs but inevitably the smart device platform will absorb future optical and quantum chips, such as those based on self-assembly in silica [1] or inscribed by femtosecond waveguide [2], once they come on line. Nonetheless, modern active matrix organic LED screens can themselves be used as large area optical sources [3] that can be potentially patterned using the various RGB combinations in x,y space. The massive consumer market that is producing stunning electronic devices at historically low costs is today enabling lab-in-a-phone technologies to come to fruition [4-6], including laser beam profilers [7], which in turn is creating new internet concepts such as rapid forensic mapping for incursions impacting societal infrastructure [8]. References 1. Naqshbandi M. et al. “Room temperature self-assembly of mixed nanoparticles into photonic structures”, Nature Comm. 2012 3, 1188. 2. Lapointe, J. et al. "Making smart phones smarter with photonics," Opt. Express 2014, 22, 15473-15483. 3. Canning, J. et al. “Measurement of fluorescence in a rhodamine-123 doped selfassembled "giant" mesostructured silica sphere using a Smartphone as optical hardware”, Sensors, 2011, 11, 7055-7062 4. Hossain, M. A. et al., “Combined “dual” absorption and fluorescence smartphone spectrometers”, Opt. Lett., 2015, 40, 1737-1740. 5. Hossain, M. A. et al., “Optical Fibre Smartphone Spectrometer”, Opt. Lett., 2016, 41, 2237-2240. 6. www.aussisystems.com 7. Hossain, M. A. et al. “Smartphone Laser Beam Spatial Profiler”, Opt. Lett., 2015, 40 (22), 5156-5159. 8. Hossain, M. A. et al., “Early Warning Smartphone Diagnostics for Water Security and Analysis Using Real-Time pH Mapping”, Phot. Sensors, 2015, 5, 289-297.

Canning, J, Hossain, MA & Ast, S 2016, 'Smart sensing: Combining photonics, smart devices and chemosensor dyes for characterising and separating metal ions', Optics InfoBase Conference Papers.
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© OSA 2016.A review of work in smart sensing, photonics and smartphone instrumentation, focusing on adding functionality with chemosensor dyes, is presented. Article not available.

Canning, J, Martelli, C, Schaphauser, P, Dutra, G & Silva, J 2017, 'Sensores em fibre otica no monitermento da andadura equine', http://cbeb.org.br/en/proceedings-and-certificates, XXV Brazilian Conf. On Biomedical Optics, http://www.cbeb.org.br/en, Foz de Iguacu, Brazil.

Carrion Gordon, L & Chaczko, Z 2017, 'Towards Digital Heritage Preservation Framework for Situation and Context Aware for Information Management', eissn: 2010-3778, ICCS 2016: International Conference on Computational Science, Barcelona.
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Chaczko, Z, Klempous, R, Nikodem, J & Rozenblit, J 2016, 'Assessment of education process management', SAMI 2016 - IEEE 14th International Symposium on Applied Machine Intelligence and Informatics - Proceedings, International Symposium on Applied Machine Intelligence and Informatics, IEEE, Herlany, Slovakia, pp. 263-267.
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© 2016 IEEE. One of the most important segments of the university education process management seems to be the student knowledge verification as well as support of the monitoring and assessment of the quality of educational programs and related processes. The organization of the examination tests, as well as, the process and methods of student knowledge verification can take a lot of time. This paper elaborates on various aspects of key checking areas related to basis data, information, and knowledge and wisdom skills. Additionally, authors present their experiences with using three different technological solutions taking into an account important human dimensions of the computer based test systems.

Chakraborty, S, Milner, LE, Hall, LT, Zhu, X, Sevimli, O & Heimlich, M 2016, 'Characterisation of a transformer balun for a 7-15 GHz SiGe frequency doubler', AMS 2016 - 2016 2nd Australian Microwave Symposium, Conference Proceedings, Australian Microwave Symposium, IEEE, Adelaide, SA, Australia, pp. 35-36.
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© 2016 IEEE. A compact transformer balun with less than 0.13 dB magnitude imbalance and 0.4° phase imbalance from 7 to 15 GHz is presented. The balun is suitable for use with frequency doublers using a balanced circuit architecture. Measured data for the balun is used to predict the harmonic rejection of the frequency doubler. The fundamental rejection is 29 dB and third harmonic rejection is better than 35 dB. The balun is 420 μm by 320 μm.

Chalapathy, R, Zare Borzeshi, E & Piccardi, M 2016, 'An Investigation of Recurrent Neural Architectures for Drug Name Recognition', Seventh International Workshop on Health Text Mining and Information Analysis (LOUHI 2016), International Workshop on Health Text Mining and Information Analysis, Louhi, Austin, Texas, USA.
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Chalapathy, R, Zare Borzeshi, E & Piccardi, M 2016, 'Bidirectional LSTM-CRF for Clinical Concept Extraction', Proceedings for the Clinical NLP workshop - Bidirectional LSTM-CRF for Clinical Concept Extraction, Clinical Natural Language Programming Workshop, ClinicalNLP, Osaka, Japan.
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Chen, X, Guo, YJ, Qin, PY & Fu, G 2016, 'Low-cost 3D printed compact circularly polarized antenna with high efficiency and wide beamwidth', Proceedings of the 2016 18th International Conference on Electromagnetics in Advanced Applications, ICEAA 2016, International Conference on Electromagnetics in Advanced Applications, IEEE, Cairns, Queensland, Australia, pp. 497-500.
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© 2016 IEEE.A novel compact circularly polarized (CP) microstrip antenna is presented. The antenna introduces a circular radiation patch with a crossed slot to improve the impedance matching and reduce the antenna sizes. Meanwhile, triangular feed patches are adopted to increase the bandwidth. A no-resistor series feed line is used for achieving a high antenna efficiency. Based on the above method, the antenna is constructed by three low-cost PCBs which form a solid and light structure. The profile and the diameter of the antenna are just 0.064λ0 and 0.28λ0 respectively (λ0 is the wavelength in free space). The impedance bandwidth for VSWR≤2 is 20.8%, and the AR bandwidth for AR≤3dB is 8.3%. In the overlap band, the radiation efficiency can reaches more than 95%, and the gains are over 5.2dBic. Especially, the beamwidth for AR≤3dB can cover more than 128°.

Chen, Y, Ge, Y & Bird, TS 2016, 'A novel UWB dielectric resonator antenna with dual notched bands', 2015 International Symposium on Antennas and Propagation, ISAP 2015.
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© 2015 The Institute of Electronics, Information and Comm. A compact ultra-wideband (UWB) dielectric resonator antenna (DRA) with dual band-notched characteristics is proposed. A shorting conductor is attached to one side of the DRA, to reduce more than half the volume of the antenna. An inverted novel shaped strip is designed to print near the feed probe side, to achieve the dual band-notched characteristics. According to the simulation results, the antenna offers a VSWR<2 bandwidth of 2.9 GHz-11.0 GHz, with the dual notched bands of 5.15 GHz-5.825 GHz (WLAN) and 8.025 GHz-8.40 GHz (ITU), indicating that the antenna is a good candidate for various UWB applications.

Cheng, Q, Fang, G, Nguyen, D & Dutkiewicz, E 2016, 'Novel Pilot Decontamination Methods for Massive MIMO Systems Under Practical Scenarios', 16th International Symposium on Communications and Information Technologies (ISCIT), International Symposium on Communications and Information Technologies, IEEE, Qingdao, PEOPLES R CHINA.
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Accurate and efficient channel estimation methods have the ability to realize the theoretical gain in multi-input multi-output (Massive MIMO) systems which have a massive number of antennas. However, the pilot contamination in Massive MIMO channel estimation process, rooted from the pilot reuse, is a critical problem that severely degrades the performance of the system. This work aims to address the problem of pilot contamination in covariance-aided channel estimation methods while considering practical scenarios where the channel covariance matrices change due to a new user arrival and users mobility. To that end, we first design a method to track the channel covariance matrices and then use these estimated values in Bayesian estimation. Simulation results indicate that the normalized mean square error (NMSE) for both channel covariance matrices and the CSI itself of our proposed methods are much lower than those of classical methods based on least square (LS) and Bayesian estimation. Additionally, for the case that users move slowly (e.g., at walking speed), our proposed method can provide satisfactory performance for more than three times as much as classical Bayesian estimation before system re-train channel covariance matrices. In other words, compared with classical Bayesian methods, our proposed methods are able to get good system performance with less overhead and complexity by a lower frequency of re-training process.

Cho, N, Wu, Q, Xu, J & Zhang, J 2016, 'Content Authoring Using Single Image in Urban Environments for Augmented Reality', Proceedings of the 2016 International Conference on Digital Image Computing: Techniques and Applications (DICTA), Digital Image Computing Techniques and Applications, IEEE, Gold Coast, Australia, pp. 1-7.
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Content authoring is one of essentials of Augmented Reality (AR), which is to emplace an augmented content on a true part of a real scene in order to enhance users' visual experience. For the case of street view single 2D images, the challenge emerges because of clutter environments and unknown position and orientation related to camera pose. Although existing methods based on 2D feature point matching or vanishing point registration may recover the camera pose, the robustness is always challenging because of the uncertainty of feature point detection on texture-less region and displacement of vanishing point detection caused by irregular lines detected on the scene. By taking the advantages of characteristics of the man-made object (e.g. building) widely seen on the street view, this paper proposes a simple yet efficient content authoring approach. In this approach, the building dominant plane where the virtual object will be emplaced is detected and then projected to the frontal-parallel view on which the virtual object can be reliably emplaced. Once the virtual object and the true scene are embedded to each other on the frontal-parallel view, they are able to be converted back to the original view using inverse projection without any distortion. Experiments on public databases show that the proposed method can recover camera pose and implement content emplacement with promising performance.

Chomsiri, T, He, XS, Nanda, P & Tan, Z 2016, 'An Improvement of Tree-Rule Firewall for a Large Network: Supporting Large Rule Size and Low Delay', Proceedings of the 2016 IEEE Trustcom/BigDataSE/I​SPA, IEEE International Conference on Trust, Security and Privacy in Computing and Communications (TrustCom), IEEE, Tianjin, China, pp. 178-184.
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Firewalls are important network devices which provide first hand defense against network threat. This level of defense is depended on firewall rules. Traditional firewalls, i.e., Cisco ACL, IPTABLES, Check Point and Juniper NetScreen firewall use listed rule to regulate packet flows. However, the listed rules may lead to rule conflictions which make the firewall to be less secure or even slowdown in performance. Based on our previous research works, we proposed the Tree-Rule firewall which does not encounter such rule conflicts within its rule set and operates faster than the traditional firewalls. However, in big or complex networks, the Tree-Rule firewall still may face two main problems. 1. Firewall administrators may face difficulty to write big and complex rule. 2. Difficulty to select appropriate attribute column for the Root node. In this paper, we propose an improved model for the Tree-Rule firewall by extending our previous models. We offer the use of combination between IN and OUT interfaces of the firewall to separate a big rule to many small independent rules. Each separated rule then can be managed in an individual screen. Sequence of verifying attributes, i.e., Source IP, Destination IP and Destination Port numbers, can be ordered independently in each separated rule. We implement the two main schemes on Linux Cent OS 6.3. We found that the improved Tree-Rule firewall can be managed easily with low processing delay.

Dinh, TH & Niyato, D 2016, 'Information Service Pricing Competition in Internet-of-Vehicle (IoV)', 2016 INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON COMPUTING, NETWORKING AND COMMUNICATIONS (ICNC), International Conference on Computing, Networking and Communications (ICNC), IEEE, Kauai, HI.

Dutkiewicz, E 2016, 'Radio Spectrum Research for Emerging IoT and 5G Networks: Applications to Smart Buildings and Smart Cities', PROCEEDINGS OF THE SEVENTH SYMPOSIUM ON INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY (SOICT 2016), 7th Symposium on Information and Communication Technology (SoICT), ASSOC COMPUTING MACHINERY, Ho Chi Minh, VIETNAM, pp. 2-2.
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Fan, X, Xu, RYD & Cao, L 2016, 'Copula mixed-membership stochastic block model', IJCAI International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence, International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence, AAAI Press / International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence, New York City, New York, United States, pp. 1462-1468.
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The Mixed-Membership Stochastic Blockmodels (MMSB) is a popular framework for modelling social relationships by fully exploiting each individual node's participation (or membership) in a social network. Despite its powerful representations, MMSB assumes that the membership indicators of each pair of nodes (i.e., people) are distributed independently. However, such an assumption often does not hold in real-life social networks, in which certain known groups of people may correlate with each other in terms of factors such as their membership categories. To expand MMSB's ability to model such dependent relationships, a new framework - a Copula Mixed-Membership Stochastic Blockmodel - is introduced in this paper for modeling intra-group correlations, namely an individual Copula function jointly models the membership pairs of those nodes within the group of interest. This framework enables various Copula functions to be used on demand, while maintaining the membership indicator's marginal distribution needed for modelling membership indicators with other nodes outside of the group of interest. Sampling algorithms for both the finite and infinite number of groups are also detailed. Our experimental results show its superior performance in capturing group interactions when compared with the baseline models on both synthetic and real world datasets.

Fazzion, E, Cunha, Í, Guedes, D, Meira, W, Teixeira, R, Veitch, D & Diot, C 2016, 'Efficient remapping of internet routing events', Proceedings of the 2016 ACM SIGCOMM Conference, ACM SIGCOMM Conference, ACM, Florianopolis, Brazil, pp. 565-566.
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© 2016 Copyright held by the owner/author(s).Routing events impact multiple paths in the Internet, but current active topology mapping techniques monitor paths independently. Detecting a routing event on one Internet path does not trigger any measurements on other possibly-impacted paths. This approach leads to outdated and inconsistent routing information. We characterize routing events in the Internet and investigate probing strategies to efficiently identify paths impacted by a routing event. Our results indicate that targeted probing can help us quickly remap routing events and maintain more up-to-date and consistent topology maps.

Gao, X, Du, J, Weily, AR, Zhang, T, Foley, CP & Guo, YJ 2016, 'Broadband Antenna-Coupled High-Temperature Superconducting Josephson-Junction Mixer for Terahertz Communication Applications', Infrared, Millimeter, and Terahertz waves (IRMMW-THz), 2016 41st International Conference on, International Conference on Infrared, Millimeter, and Terahertz waves, IEEE, Copenhagen.
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This paper presents a broadband terahertz (THz) high-temperature superconducting (HTS) mixer based on a log-periodic antenna-coupled YBa2Cu3O7-x (YBCO) step-edge Josephson junction. The THz thin-film antenna, as well as the microwave coupling circuits, have been carefully designed to optimize the power transmission from and into the junction while realizing good isolation between the DC bias, local-oscillator (LO) and intermediate-frequency (IF) ports. This mixer device has been fabricated, packaged and characterized to demonstrate a frequency down-conversion capability with a view to potential application in THz wireless communication systems.

Gaura, E & Dutkiewicz, E 2016, 'The thirteenth IEEE international workshop on managing ubiquitous communications and services, 2016 - Welcome and committees: Welcome message from the program chairs', 2016 IEEE International Conference on Pervasive Computing and Communication Workshops, PerCom Workshops 2016.
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Geng, J, Jin, R, Liang, X, Ziolkowski, R & Rehman, SU 2016, 'Study on the active medium coated cylindrical nano particle antenna', 2016 Progress In Electromagnetics Research Symposium, PIERS 2016 - Proceedings, Progress In Electromagnetics Research Symposium, IEEE, Shanghai, China, pp. 4002-4004.
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© 2016 IEEE. The gain medium coated cylindrical nano particle is presented, in which the core is filled by Ag and obey Drude model, the shell is the gain medium, which was silica doped with rare earth (erbium Er 3+ ) ions, and it obeys the Lorentz model for the relative permittivity. In the optical plane wave, we compared the silver coated gain medium cylindrical nano particle and the gain medium coated Ag cylindrical nano particle, both show strong radiation performance.

Gill, AQ & Hevary, S 2016, 'Cloud Monitoring Data Challenges: A Systematic Review', https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-319-46687-3_8, International Conference on Neural Information Processing, Springer, Kyoto, Japan, pp. 72-79.
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Gill, AQ, Chew, EK, Kricker, D & Bird, G 2016, 'Adaptive Enterprise Resilience Management: Adaptive Action Design Research in Financial Services Case Study', http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/mostRecentIssue.jsp?punumber=7776665, IEEE Conference on Business Informatics (CBI), IEEE Computer Society, Paris, pp. 113-122.
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Gu, K, Liu, M, Zhou, T, Liu, F, He, XS, Yang, J & Qiao, Y 2016, 'Patch-based Object Tracking via Locality-constrained Linear Coding', Proceedings of the 35th Chinese Control Conference, Chinese Control Conference, IEEE, Chengdu, China.
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In this paper, the Locality-constrained Linear Coding(LLC) algorithm is incorporated into the object tracking framework. Firstly, we extract local patches within a candidate and then utilize the LLC algorithm to encode these patches. Based on these codes, we exploit pyramid max pooling strategy to generate a richer feature histogram. The feature histogram which integrates holistic and part-based features can be more discriminative and representative. Besides, an occlusion handling strategy is utilized to make our tracker more robust. Finally, an efficient graph-based manifold ranking algorithm is exploited to capture the relevance between target templates and candidates. For tracking, target templates are taken as labeled nodes while target candidates are taken as unlabeled nodes, and the goal of tracking is to search for the candidate that is the most relevant to existing labeled nodes by manifold ranking algorithm. Experiments on challenging video sequences have demonstrated the superior accuracy and robustness of the proposed method in comparison to other state-of-the-art baselines.

Gu, L, Tang, S, Xu, Y, Yang, Y & Chen, T 2016, 'Modeling of bonding wires array and its application in the design of a 120 W X-band internally matched AlGaN/GaN power amplifier', Proceedings of the 2016 18th International Conference on Electromagnetics in Advanced Applications, ICEAA 2016, pp. 463-465.
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© 2016 IEEE. This paper proposed a novel modeling method of bonding wires array for internally matched network for high power and high efficiency power amplifier design. Based on this modeling method, a 120 W X-band internally-matched AlGaN/GaN PA under continues wave (CW) condition is presented. The proposed power amplifier can provide a relatively stable output power above 50.6 dBm (115 W) and power added efficiency above 42% from 7.7 GHz to 8.7 GHz, while maintain a stable gain above 10.1 dB. This work is relatively competitive comparing with other state-of-the-art works.

Guan, D, Ding, C & Guo, YJ 2016, 'A compact multi-beam antenna without beam forming network', ISAP 2016 - International Symposium on Antennas and Propagation, International Symposium on Antennas and Propagation (ISAP), IEEE, Okinawa, Japan, pp. 404-405.
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© 2016 IEICE. A novel approach to design a multi-beam array antenna without a beam forming network (BFN) is presented. The proposed antenna consists of 3×3 microstrip patches that are tightly coupled through microstrip lines. By exciting any one of these patches, the energy can be coupled to all the patches. Nine beams towards different directions are obtained by selecting different feeding ports. The resultant gain varies from 10 dBi to 11 dBi. The scanning ranges of the beams are ±24° and ±45° in the elevation and horizontal directions, respectively. The proposed antenna has a single-layered structure without complex feeding network, which significantly lowers its cost.

Guan, DF, Ding, C, Sun, H & Yuan, F 2016, 'Wide-band SIW cavity-backed circular polarized array antennas with sequential rotation technique', Proceedings of the 2016 18th International Conference on Electromagnetics in Advanced Applications, ICEAA 2016, International Conference on Electromagnetics in Advanced Applications, IEEE, Cairns, pp. 466-468.
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© 2016 IEEE.A circularly-polarized (CP) array antenna based on the substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) technology is proposed. The 2×2 linearly polarized SIW sub-arrays with 90° sequential rotation are employed as the radiating elements on the top layer. The sequential rotation technique is introduced to design SIW corporate-feed network on the bottom layer to realize wideband circular polarized characteristic. The network and the radiating elements of the array are both designed on close SIW structure with low cost printed circuit board (PCB) technology. The simulated results show that, the proposed 4×4 array has a large axial ratio (AR) bandwidth of 14% from 18.3 GHz to 21.1 GHz with a gain above 13 dBi.

Guo, J, Yang, T, Yuan, J & Zhang, JA 2016, 'Linear Physical-Layer Network Coding for the Fading Y-Channel without Transmitter Channel State Information', Proceedings of the 2016 IEEE 84th Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC-Fall), IEEE Vehicular Technology Conference, IEEE, Montréal, Canada, pp. 1-5.
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In this paper, we propose a new linear physical- layer network coding (NC) scheme for the fading Y- channel, assuming that the channel state information (CSI) is not available at transmitters. In this scheme, each user transmits one message to a relay and intends to obtain both other two users' messages. Based on the receiver- side CSI, the relay determines two NC generator vectors for linear network coding, and reconstructs the associated two linear NC codewords. For the case when there is one time- slot in the uplink phase, we present an explicit solution for the generator vectors that minimizes the error probability at a high SNR, and a lower bound of the error performance of the proposed scheme using our optimized generator vectors. Extending to multiple time-slots in the uplink, two typical scenarios are discussed. Numerical results show that the proposed scheme significantly outperforms existing schemes, and match well with our analytical results

Guo, L, Zhu, H & Abbosh, AM 2016, 'Planar UWB phase shifter using parallel coupled lines combined with short-ended stubs and impedance transformer', Asia-Pacific Microwave Conference Proceedings, APMC.
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© 2015 IEEE. An ultra-wideband (UWB) phase shifter with wide range of differential phase shift is proposed. To achieve this performance, the design uses quarter wavelength parallel coupled lines combined with short-ended stub structure and an impedance transformer. The value of the differential phase can be adjusted through varying the coupling coefficient of the coupled lines along with the length and impedance of the short-ended stubs and transformer. The theory of operation for the proposed designs is explained. To validate the theory, two phase shifters are designed to realize 90° and 180° differential phase across the band 3.1-10.6 GHz with less than ±11° differential phase imbalance and less than 1.2 dB insertion loss.

Hakami, H & Chaczko, Z 2016, 'Improve data compression performance using wavelet transform based on HVS', Procceidngs of the 2016 International Conference Image and Vision Computing New Zealand, Image and Vision Computing New Zealand (IVCNZ), IEEE, Palmerston North, New Zealand, pp. 1-6.
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© 2016 IEEE.In recent years, multimedia computing has emerged as a major area of research. This led to the development of various other types of applications like video, images and graphics. Data compression is specifically valuable during communication as it enables the electronic devices to store and transmit the data in a smaller number of bits. The following research considers data compression as a possible solution to retrieve, store and transmit data. In relation to this, this research also aims to have a balance between the processing time, the quality and compression rate based on Human Visual System (HVS) perception. The best compression method for multimedia conversion would be to convert at the highest possible rate with the minimum amount of distortion. For this reason, the proposed method using wavelet based on HVS method with integrated JPEG2000 to achieve a high compression ratio, faster execution and better quality all in real time. This experiment work has improved the performance of the previous method and achieved the best result of data compression using wavelet based on HVS.

Hanawal, M, Nguyen, DN & Krunz, M 2016, '"Jamming Attack on In-band Full-duplex Communications: Detection and Countermeasures"', Proceedings - IEEE INFOCOM, IEEE Conference on Computer Communications, IEEE, San Francisco, USA.
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Hara, S, Liu, RP & Aramvith, S 2016, 'Message from technical program chairs', 2015 15th International Symposium on Communications and Information Technologies, ISCIT 2015.
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He, Y, Dutkiewicz, E, Fang, G & Mueck, MD 2016, 'SNR threshold for distributed antenna systems in Cloud Radio Access Networks', 2015 IEEE 82nd Vehicular Technology Conference, VTC Fall 2015 - Proceedings, IEEE Vehicular Technology Conference, IEEE, Boston, MA.
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© 2015 IEEE. A distributed antenna system (DAS) architecture is a key enabler for Cloud Radio Access Networks (CRAN) where geographically separated base stations are connected to a centralized processing and decision making unit. Many schemes have been proposed to leverage Fractional Frequency Reuse (FFR) and co-ordinated joint transmission between base stations to improve cell-edge performance for static network deployments. In this paper, we investigate dynamic decision making that whether co-ordinated joint transmission should be selected in the downlink of a FFR-aided DAS. We derive the transmitting Signal-to-Noise-Ratio (SNR) threshold that co-ordinated joint transmission can provide better performance if the transmitting SNR is below this threshold. We simulated a three-cell cluster layout with FFR and the numerical results agree with our analytical results. We show that the transmitting SNR threshold is critical in the FFR-aided DAS analysis and can be used as a guide in the CRAN network planning and the evaluation of DAS performance.

Hoang, DT, Niyato, D, Wang, P, Kim, DI & Han, Z 2016, 'The Tradeoff Analysis in RF-Powered Backscatter Cognitive Radio Networks', Washington, DC, USA.
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In this paper, we introduce a new model for RF-powered cognitive radio networks with the aim to improve the performance for secondary systems. In our proposed model, when the primary channel is busy, the secondary transmitter is able either to backscatter the primary signals to transmit data to the secondary receiver or to harvest RF energy from the channel. The harvested energy then will be used to transmit data to the receiver when the channel becomes idle. We first analyze the tradeoff between backscatter communication and harvest-then-transmit protocol in the network. To maximize the overall transmission rate of the secondary network, we formulate an optimization problem to find time ratio between taking backscatter and harvest-then-transmit modes. Through numerical results, we show that under the proposed model can achieve the overall transmission rate higher than using either the backscatter communication or the harvest-then-transmit protocol.

Hossain, MA, Canning, J, Cook, K & Jamalipour, A 2016, 'Hand-held optical fiber smartphone spectrometer for classification of vegetable oils', Optics InfoBase Conference Papers.
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© OSA 2016. An optical-fiber-based low-cost, hand-held smartphone spectrometer is demonstrated for differentiating vegetable oils. The visible fluorescence spectrum of extra virgin olive oil is found to be significantly different from other oils, thus making forensic identification straightforward.

Huang, W, Chanmongthai, K & Dutkiewicz, E 2016, 'Welcome message from general co-chairs', 2016 16th International Symposium on Communications and Information Technologies, ISCIT 2016.
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Huang, X, Fan, L, Zhang, J, Wu, Q & Yuan, C 2016, 'Real Time Complete Dense Depth Reconstruction for a Monocular Camera', Proceedings of the 2016 IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition Workshops (CVPRW), IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, IEEE, Las Vegas, Nevada., pp. 674-679.
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In this paper, we aim to solve the problem of estimating complete dense depth maps from a monocular moving camera. By 'complete', we mean depth information is estimated for every pixel and detailed reconstruction is achieved. Although this problem has previously been attempted, the accuracy of complete dense depth reconstruction is a remaining problem. We propose a novel system which produces accurate complete dense depth map. The new system consists of two subsystems running in separated threads, namely, dense mapping and sparse patch-based tracking. For dense mapping, a new projection error computation method is proposed to enhance the gradient component in estimated depth maps. For tracking, a new sparse patch-based tracking method estimates camera pose by minimizing a normalized error term. The experiments demonstrate that the proposed method obtains improved performance in terms of completeness and accuracy compared to three state-of the-art dense reconstruction methods VSFM+CMVC, LSDSLAM and REMODE.

Huang, X, Liu, Y, You, P, Yang, J & Liu, QH 2016, 'Efficient phase-only linear array synthesis including mutual coupling and platform effect', Call for Papers - ICCEM 2016: 2016 IEEE International Conference on Computational Electromagnetics, pp. 328-329.
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© 2016 IEEE. The least-square active element pattern expansion (LS-AEPE) has been introduced for linear array synthesis including mutual coupling and platform effect. A new method based on combination of LS-AEPE and iterative Fourier transform (IFT) is proposed to optimize the excitation phases for sidelobe reduction and null control. Simulation results illustrate the new method outperforms the GA-FFT method base on LS-AEPE in terms of computational efficiency.

Huang, X, Zhang, J, Wu, Q, Fan, L & Yuan, C 2016, 'A coarse-to-fine algorithm for registration in 3D street-view cross-source point clouds', Proceedings of the 2016 International Conference on Digital Image Computing: Techniques and Applications (DICTA), Digital Image Computing Techniques and Applications, IEEE, Gold coast, Australia..
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With the development of numerous 3D sensing technologies, object registration on cross-source point cloud has aroused researchers' interests. When the point clouds are captured from different kinds of sensors, there are large and different kinds of variations. In this study, we address an even more challenging case in which the differently-source point clouds are acquired from a real street view. One is produced directly by the LiDAR system and the other is generated by using VSFM software on image sequence captured from RGB cameras. When it confronts to large scale point clouds, previous methods mostly focus on point-to-point level registration, and the methods have many limitations.The reason is that the least mean error strategy shows poor ability in registering large variable cross-source point clouds. In this paper, different from previous ICP-based methods, and from a statistic view, we propose a effective coarse-to-fine algorithm to detect and register a small scale SFM point cloud in a large scale Lidar point cloud. Seen from the experimental results, the model can successfully run on LiDAR and SFM point clouds, hence it can make a contribution to many applications, such as robotics and smart city development

Huitema, L, Wong, H, Lin, W & Crunteanu, A 2016, 'Reconfigurable multi-slot antenna for bio-medical applications', Proceedings of the 10th European Conference on Antennas and Propagation, EuCAP 2016, European Conference on Antennas and Propagation, IEEE, Davos, Switzerland, pp. 1-4.
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© 2016 European Association of Antennas and Propagation.We present a polarization- reconfigurable multislot antenna with four switchable linear polarizations (as 0°, ± 45° and 90°) for implant communications. The design is based on four bow-tie shaped slots acting as radiators etched on a circular metallization plane with 45° rotated sequential arrangements. RF switches based on PIN diodes are connected across each slot in order to modify the radiators polarization. We apply a differential source to feed the slot antenna through a ground-tapered Balun. In order to obtain a broadside radiation pattern, a reflector is placed at the quarter-wave distance below the radiator. Measured results are showing that the realized multi-slot antenna can generate four switchable linear polarization states with wide bandwidth and stable gain. This polarization diversity feature makes the proposed antenna highly attractive for implant and body-centric wireless communication systems for minimizing the multi-path distortion and polarization mismatching in the wireless channels.

Hussein, F, Awwad, S & Piccardi, M 2016, 'Joint Action Recognition and Summarization by Sub-modular Inference', Proceedings of the 2016 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing (ICASSP), IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing, IEEE, Shanghai, China, pp. 2697-2701.
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Action recognition and video summarization are two important multimedia tasks that are useful for applications such as video indexing and retrieval, video surveillance, human-computer interaction and home intelligence. While many approaches exist in the literature for these two tasks, to date they have always been addressed separately. Instead, in this paper we move from the assumption that these two tasks should be tackled as a joint objective: on the one hand, action recognition can drive the selection of meaningful and informative summaries; on the other, recognizing actions from a summary rather than the entire video can in principle reduce noise and prove more accurate. To this aim, we propose a novel approach for joint action recognition-summarization based on the performing latent structural SVM framework, together with an efficient algorithm for inferring the action and the summary based on the property of sub-modularity. Experimental results on a challenging benchmark, MSR Dai-lyActivity3D, show that the approach is capable of achieving remarkable action recognition accuracy while providing appealing video summaries.

Ji, LY, Qin, PY, Guo, YJ, Fu, G & Mittra, R 2016, 'A wideband polarization reconfigurable antenna for WLAN applications', 2016 10th European Conference on Antennas and Propagation, EuCAP 2016, European Conference on Antennas and Propagation, IEEE, Davos, Switzerland.
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© 2016 European Association of Antennas and Propagation.This paper proposes a wideband polarization reconfigurable antenna design for WLAN applications. It consists of a shorted annular patch (SAP) antenna as the source, a partially reflective surface (PRS) structure to enhance the gain, and a reconfigurable Wilkinson power divider as the feed network. The antenna can electronically alter its polarization between linear polarization (LP), left-hand circular polarization (LHCP), and right-hand circular polarization (RHCP),achieving an overlapped 10dB impedance bandwidth and 3 dB axial-ratio bandwidth of 4.68-5.33 GHz (13%), thus outperforming most of the reported polarization reconfigurable antennas in terms of the frequency bandwidth.

Karmokar, DK, Esselle, KP, Hay, SG, Bird, TS & Heimlich, M 2015, 'A simple single-feed array of uniform half-width microstrip leaky-wave antennas for boresight radiation', Proceedings of the 2015 International Symposium on Antennas and Propagation, ISAP 2015, IEEE International Symposium on Antennas and Propagation, IEEE, Hobart, TAS, Australia, pp. 1-3.
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© 2015 The Institute of Electronics, Information and Comm. A simple leaky-wave antenna (LWA) array is presented here radiates in the boresight direction. It is based on uniform half-width (HW) microstrip leaky-wave antennas (MLWAs). Uniform HW-MLWAs usually radiate a fan-shaped beam with a beam direction near boresight at lower frequencies and near endfire at higher frequencies. One of the main challenges of uniform LWAs is to make them radiate toward the boresight. Six uniform HW-MLWAs are used in this array to overcome this limitation. The whole array is on a single substrate and is fed at the centre by a single probe. The peak gain of the array is 10.9 dBi and its 3dB gain bandwidth for boresight radiation is 270 MHz.

Karmokar, DK, Guo, YJ, Qin, PY, Esselle, KP & Bird, TS 2016, 'A dual-band half-width microstrip leaky-wave antenna for beam scanning in the forward and backward directions', Proceedings of the 2016 18th International Conference on Electromagnetics in Advanced Applications, ICEAA 2016, International Conference on Electromagnetics in Advanced Applications, IEEE, Cairns, QLD, Australia, pp. 816-819.
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© 2016 IEEE.A microstrip leaky-wave antenna (LWA) loaded periodically with C-shaped slots is described. Uniform half-width (HW) microstrip LWAs (HW-MLWAs) operate in a single band and radiate a main beam that scans only in the forward direction. The proposed antenna operates in two frequency bands and the main beam can be steered in both the forward and backward directions by sweeping the frequency. The -10 dB reflection bandwidths of the antenna are 4.2 to 4.9 GHz and 8.23 to 8.8 GHz. The beam scanning ranges of the antenna are 22° to 59° and -76° to -18° when the frequency is swept from 4.2 to 5 GHz and 7.85 to 8.9 GHz, respectively.

Kempegowda, SM & Chaczko, Z 2016, 'Adoption of emerging technologies established on Comprehensive capability maturity model framework: A new practical model', Proceedings of the 27th International Business Information Management Association Conference - Innovation Management and Education Excellence Vision 2020: From Regional Development Sustainability to Global Economic Growth, IBIMA 2016, 27th IBIMA Conference, IBIMA, Milan, Italy, pp. 2190-2208.
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Copyright © 2016 International Business Information Management AssociationOrganizations have adopted information communications technologies (ICT) at various time lines driven by business needs or due to technologies evolution. This has given raise to disparate systems based on various technologies and spaghetti architecture. This paper discusses why it's critical for organization to adopt the emerging technologies. The reasons behind the current state of the architecture. Suggests how organizations can make use of, The open group architecture framework (TOGAF) to develop enterprise architecture. Then they paper emphasis on the importance of Capability Maturity Assessment. The current practice of Capability Maturity Assessment by TOGAF, its drawbacks. Then based on the practical experiences, proposes Comprehensive Capability Maturity Model Assessment (CCMM) that covers across the phases of Architecture development method that provides the assessment of maturity to be more realistic.

Kionig, L, Vold, T & Braun, R 2016, 'Exploring positive deviance for enhancing learning outcomes in higher education and training', 2016 15th International Conference on Information Technology Based Higher Education and Training (IEEE ITHET), IEEE International Conference on IT Based Higher Education and Training (ITHET), IEEE, Istanbul, Turkey, pp. 1-4.
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Due to the terror actions of the 22nd of July 2011 there has been an increased focus on the preparedness and also training for handling and managing crisis. Organizations and municipalities are obliged to have plans for handling crises and plans for training their employees. The focus is often to learn from what went wrong and most reports focus on the improvement areas, implying that there are faults and deficiencies. Positive Deviance (PD) is about looking for success stories, when the statistics imply that it should not be a success. The term PD was in the 1990's introduced and explored by nutrition professor Marian Zeitlin in her book “Positive Deviance in Nutrition” at Tufts University. Also visiting Tufts University was Jerry and Monique Sternin which brought the ideas further and developed it as a tool for social change. From the PD webpage www.positivedeviance.org, we find: “Positive Deviance is based on the observation that in every community there are certain individuals or groups whose uncommon behaviors and strategies enable them to find better solutions to problems than their peers, while having access to the same resources and facing similar or worse challenges. The Positive Deviance approach is an asset-based, problem-solving, and community-driven approach that enables the community to discover these successful behaviors and strategies and develop a plan of action to promote their adoption by all concerned.” However, to look for the small successes and explore “why this was a success”, is also possible in other areas than within social change. Which (minor) elements contributed to how this actually had a successful ending, even if the surrounding factors indicated failure? In finding these minor details that contributed to an unexpected success lay a learning potential that is worth exploring, for instance in the area of Crisis Training. One student group in the Crisis Communication course received a task that was about discovering and explaining P...

Korhonen, JJ, Lapalme, J, McDavid, D & Gill, AQ 2016, 'Adaptive Enterprise Architecture for the Future: Towards a Reconceptualization of EA', Proceedings - CBI 2016: 18th IEEE Conference on Business Informatics, IEEE Conference on Business Informatics (CBI), IEEE, Paris, France, pp. 272-281.
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© 2016 IEEE.In some conventional definitions, Enterprise Architecture (EA) is conceived as a descriptive overview of the enterprise, while in other views EA is seen as a prescriptive framework of principles and models that helps translate business strategy to enterprise change. The conceptualizations of EA also vary in scope. There is an increasing recognition of EA as a systemic, enterprise-wide capability encompassing all relevant facets of the organization, transcending the traditional IT-centric view. However, we argue that none of the conventional conceptualizations of EA are adaptive in the face of today's complex environment. We view that an adaptive EA must go beyond a single organization and fully appreciate enterprise-in-environment ecosystemic perspective. Drawing on the heritage of Open Socio-Technical Systems Design and adopting the 'three schools of thought' as a meta-paradigmatic backdrop, the paper features four different views of long-time scholar-practitioners, who discuss what an adaptive enterprise architecture would entail. Integration of these views paints a radically reconceptualized picture of enterprise architecture for the future. With this paper, we want to lay a foundation for a debate on the need for alternative conceptualizations, manifestations and research agenda for enterprise architecture.

Lancry, M, Cook, K, Poumellec, B & Canning, J 2016, 'Investigation of structural glass relaxation in regenerated fiber Bragg gratings', Optics InfoBase Conference Papers.
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© 2016 OSA. Fiber Bragg grating regeneration involves the annealing and resurrection of a seed FBG through thermal annealing. Using micro-Raman and phase shift interferometry we reveal that the seed structure has changed the thermal history of the glass so that whilst the annealing is identical in all areas, the local glass relaxation is different and enhanced.

Lancry, M, Cook, K, Poumellec, B & Canning, J 2016, 'Investigation of structural glass relaxation in regenerated fiber Bragg gratings', Optics InfoBase Conference Papers.
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© OSA 2016. Fiber Bragg grating regeneration involves the annealing and resurrection of a seed FBG through thermal annealing. Using micro-Raman and phase shift interferometry we reveal that the seed structure has changed the thermal history of the glass so that whilst the annealing is identical in all areas, the local glass relaxation is different and enhanced.

Li, H, Huang, X & Guo, Y 2016, 'Improved Quality-Based Channel State Feedback Scheme in Multicast Systems with Greedy Scheduling', 2016 16th International Symposium on Communications and Information Technologies, ISCIT 2016, International Symposium on Communications and Information Technologies, IEEE, Qingdao, China.
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Li, M, Xu, K, Bai, Y, Liu, Y & Liu, QH 2016, 'Planar microstrip tri-mode bandpass filter using center-stub-loaded spiral resonator', 2016 IEEE/ACES International Conference on Wireless Information Technology, ICWITS 2016 and System and Applied Computational Electromagnetics, ACES 2016 - Proceedings.
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© 2016 IEEE. A new tri-mode banpass filter (BPF) using a half-wavelength spiral resonator center-loaded with two T-shaped open stubs has been presented. Analyzed by the odd- and even-mode method, an odd mode and two even modes of the proposed tri-mode resonator could be flexibly controlled by tuning the electrical length of the spiral resonators and T-shaped stubs. For demonstration purpose, a tri-mode filter example with passband centered at 1.8 GHz has been implemented.

Li, Q, Bian, W, Xu, Y, You, J & Tao, D 2016, 'Random Mixed Field Model for Mixed-Attribute Data Restoration', Proceedings of the Thirtieth AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence, AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence, AAAI, Phoenix, Arizona, USA, pp. 1244-1250.
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Noisy and incomplete data restoration is a critical preprocessing step in developing effective learning algorithms, which targets to reduce the effect of noise and missing values in data. By utilizing attribute correlations and/or instance similarities, various techniques have been developed for data denoising and imputation tasks. However, current existing data restoration methods are either specifically designed for a particular task, or incapable of dealing with mixed-attribute data. In this paper, we develop a new probabilistic model to provide a general and principled method for restoring mixed-attribute data. The main contributions of this study are twofold: a) a unified generative model, utilizing a generic random mixed field (RMF) prior, is designed to exploit mixed-attribute correlations; and b) a structured mean-field variational approach is proposed to solve the challenging inference problem of simultaneous denoising and imputation. We evaluate our method by classification experiments on both synthetic data and real benchmark datasets. Experiments demonstrate, our approach can effectively improve the classification accuracy of noisy and incomplete data by comparing with other data restoration methods.

Li, W, Yao, J, Dong, T, Li, H & He, X 2015, 'Moving vehicle detection based on an improved interframe difference and a Gaussian model', Proceedings - 2015 8th International Congress on Image and Signal Processing, CISP 2015, International Congress on Image and Signal Processing (CISP), IEEE, Shenyang, China, pp. 969-973.
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© 2015 IEEE.For moving vehicle detection, this paper presents an algorithm on the basis of an improved interframe differential algorithm and an improved Gaussian model. Firstly, according to a statistical histogram, an interesting region is extracted. Through a mean algorithm, an initial background model is established. The interesting region is divided into several blocks by a self-adaptive method. Secondly, according to an improved interframe difference algorithm, the interesting region is separated roughly. On the basis of these steps, we utilize an improved Gaussian model to separate the rough results precisely. At last, the results are processed by double-threshold background subtracting. Experimental results show this algorithm can detect moving vehicles rapidly and accurately.

Lin, W & Wong, H 2016, 'A polarization reconfigurable aperture-fed patch antenna array', Call for Papers - ICCEM 2016: 2016 IEEE International Conference on Computational Electromagnetics, International Conference on Computational Electromagnetics (ICCEM), IEEE, Guangzhou, China, pp. 63-65.
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© 2016 IEEE.This paper introduces a polarization reconfigurable aperture-fed 1×4 patch antenna array. A reconfigurable aperture structure is realized by placing RF switches on four horizontally-Aligned cross apertures of a ground plane. Four square radiating patches are excited through these apertures by the 14 microstrip feeding lines. To simplify the scheme of DC biases, four copper strips are placed inside each cross aperture. PIN diodes are connected between these strips and ground as RF switches. By controlling these diodes with two DC biases, ± 45 linear polarizations can be switched. The patch array can achieve the maximum broadside gain of 13.5 dBi and the-10 dB impedance bandwidth of 9.3% from 2.25 to 2.47 GHz. The proposed antenna has a stable gain and low cross polarization level across the entire operating bandwidth.

Lin, W & Wong, H 2016, 'Polarization reconfigurable circular patch antenna with multiple L-probes for biomedical application', 2016 IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium, APSURSI 2016 - Proceedings, IEEE Antennas-and-Propagation-Society International Symposium (APSURSI), IEEE, Fajardo, PR, pp. 1669-1670.
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© 2016 IEEE.This paper introduces a polarization reconfigurable circular patch antenna with multiple L-shaped feeding probes for biomedical applications. The proposed antenna is able to generate four linear polarizations as 0°, +45°, 90° and -45° to overcome the multi-path distortion and polarization mismatching in body-centric wireless communication system (BWCS). To realize this characteristic, we designed a reconfigurable multiple L-probes feeding structure to excite a circular patch. In this design, four pairs of L-shaped probes are evenly located below the patch with the interval of angle 45 degree and excited by an output reconfigurable feeding network. The excitation port can be altered among the four ports by controlling the PIN diodes as RF switches connected between the microstrip feeding lines. As the result, four polarizations are switchable as each polarization is corresponding to a specific excitation port. The proposed antenna exhibits good performance as wideband, low profile, simple structure and stable gain with low cross polarization for all operating modes.

Lin, W & Wong, H 2016, 'Polarization reconfigurable multi-slot antenna for body-centric wireless communication system', 2016 IEEE International Workshop on Electromagnetics, iWEM 2016 - Proceeding, IEEE International Workshop on Electromagnetics (iWEM) - Applications and Student Innovation Competition, IEEE, Nanjing, China, pp. 1-3.
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© 2016 IEEE.This paper introduces a polarization reconfigurable antenna with multiple slot radiators for body-centric wireless communication system (BWCS). The proposed multi-slot antenna generates switchable 0°, +45°, 90° and -45° linear polarizations to overcome multi-path distortion and polarization mismatching in the communication environment with complex wireless channels as BWCS. To realize this reconfigurable characteristic, we combined four slot radiators together with 450 rotation between the neighboring slots. All the slot radiators share the same excitation source. By adopting PIN diodes as RF switches to reconfigure the current path on the slots, we can control a selected slot to be operated. As the result, four polarizations can be altered correspondingly to different operating slots. Experimental results show the proposed antenna with desirable electrical characteristics for all operating modes such as wideband, stable & high gain, cardioid-shaped radiation patterns. We also conducted the communication link measurement between an implantable antenna and the proposed antenna. The measured data show our proposed antenna is able to maintain the optimal communication link and avoid the polarization mismatching thanks to its inherited reconfigurability.

Lin, W, Wong, H & Xiang, J 2015, 'Emerging reconfigurable antenna elements for broadband wireless communication systems', IEEE Region 10 Annual International Conference, Proceedings/TENCON, IEEE Tencon (IEEE Region 10 Conference), IEEE, Macao, China.
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© 2015 IEEE.This paper introduces several emerging reconfigurable antenna elements for modern broadband wireless communication systems. Firstly, we will present a broadband uni-directional circular polarization (CP) reconfigurable antenna consisting of four planar monopole radiators and an broadband output phase reconfigurable feeding network. Switchable left-handed circular polarization (LHCP) and right-handed circular polarization (RHCP) are realized by controlling the rotating direction of the currents (Jm1, Jm2, Jm3 and Jm4) on the four monopoles. Secondly, beside of realizing the polarization switching of uni-directional radiation pattern, we designed a broadband omni-directional CP reconfigurable antenna with a conical-beam pattern. The idea is to combine a broadband center-fed monopolar patch working as an electric dipole (E-dipole) and eight reconfigurable coupling loop stub radiators as the magnetic dipoles (M-dipole) together to generate the reconfigurable CP conical-beam radiation. Above two designs have the polarization reconfigurable characteristics. In addition, we also realized a broadband pattern reconfigurable CP antenna by exciting a quadrifilar helical antenna (QHA) with the same reconfigurable feeding network as in the first design. Broadside and backfire CP radiation patterns are switchable by controlling the output phases of the four excitations. These proposed antennas are good candidate for many modern wireless communication systems as navigation and geostationary satellite systems, RFID, or other systems requiring CP radiations.

Lin, Z, Wang, L, Dutkiewicz, E & Huang, X 2016, 'Performance Analysis of Chaotic Sampling and Detection in CS-DCSK UWB System', Proceedings of the 2016 IEEE 83rd Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC2016-Spring), Performance Analysis of Chaotic Sampling and Detection in CS-DCSK UWB System, IEEE, Nanjing, China, pp. 1-5.
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Compressed sensing based noncoherent UWB systems have been proved to be feasible with a sub-Nyquist sampling rate. As a kind of noncoherent UWB systems, code-shifted differential chaos shift keying (CS- DCSK) UWB system has drawn much attention recently. However, its receiver cannot directly be combined with compressed sensing to reduce the sampling rate. With this motivation, in this paper, we redesign the receiver of the CS-DCSK UWB system and further design two compressed sensing based receivers where the measurement matrix is redesigned. Bit error rate (BER) expression is derived over UWB channel. It is shown that the simulation results are in good agreement with the theoretical ones.

Liu, RP, Zhang, J & Guo, Y 2016, 'Resilient UAV Mesh Networks for Military Operations', Future Landforce Conference, Adelaide, Australia.
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Liu, W, Chen, X, Yang, J & Wu, Q 2016, 'Robust weighted least squares for guided depth upsampling', 2016 IEEE International Conference on Image Processing (ICIP), IEEE International Conference on Image Processing, IEEE, Phoenix, AZ, USA, pp. 559-563.
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In this paper, we propose a new guided depth upsampling method denoted as Robust Weighted Least Squares (RWLS). Our work is inspired by the connection between theWeighted Least Squares (WLS) and the Auto Regressive (AR) model. By adopting a new robust penalty function to model the smoothness of the proposed model, we show that the proposed method performs much better in preserving sharp depth discontinuities than previous work. Through both mathematical analysis and experimental results, we show that our method has promising performance on handling the inconsistency between the guidance image and the depth map in both preserving sharp depth discontinuities and suppressing the texture copy artifacts.

Lumor, T, Chew, EK & Gill, AQ 2016, 'Exploring the Role of Enterprise Architecture in IS-enabled OT: An EA Principles Perspective', http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/7584360/, Workshop in conjunction with the IEEE International Enterprise Distributed Object Computing Conference, IEEE, Vienna, Austria, pp. 152-157.
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Although EA principles have received considerable attention in recent years, there is still little known about how EA principles can be used to govern the transformation of the Information Systems enabled organization. In this research-in- progress paper, we communicate our initial step towards answering the sub-question: how do enforcing EA principles contribute to IS-enabled OT? Based on a comprehensive literature review, we initially propose five testable hypotheses and a research model, which is a pre-requisite to developing a data-driven theory for this important area of research. It is anticipated that the ensuing theory will provide a basis for further research studying the impact of EA on IS-enabled OT. The tested research model will also provide guidance to practitioners on how to effectively design and use EA principles in managing transformative changes caused by IS within their organizations and overall industry sectors.

Ma, C, Gu, Y, Liu, W, Yang, J & He, X 2016, 'Unsupervised video hashing by exploiting spatio-temporal feature', Neural Information Processing (LNCS), International Conference on Neural Information Processing, Springer, Kyoto, Japan, pp. 511-518.
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© Springer International Publishing AG 2016.Video hashing is a common solution for content-based video retrieval by encoding high-dimensional feature vectors into short binary codes. Videos not only have spatial structure inside each frame but also have temporal correlation structure between frames, while the latter has been largely neglected by many existing methods. Therefore, in this paper we propose to perform video hashing by incorporating the temporal structure as well as the conventional spatial structure. Specifically, the spatial features of videos are obtained by utilizing Convolutional Neural Network (CNN), and the temporal features are established via Long-Short Term Memory (LSTM). The proposed spatio-temporal feature learning framework can be applied to many existing unsupervised hashing methods such as Iterative Quantization (ITQ), Spectral Hashing (SH), and others. Experimental results on the UCF-101 dataset indicate that by simultaneously employing the temporal features and spatial features, our hashing method is able to significantly improve the performance of existing methods which only deploy the spatial feature.

Membrey, P, Veitch, D & Chang, RKC 2016, 'Time to Measure the Pi', IMC '16 Proceedings of the 2016 ACM on Internet Measurement Conference, Internet Measurement Conference, ACM, Santa Monica, California, USA, pp. 327-334.
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The Raspberry Pi platform is increasingly being used for network measurement due to its low cost, ease of deployment, and ability to run Linux. Timestamps are a critical part of measurement data, yet the suitability of the Pi for timing has not been established. We use reference hardware to characterize the Pi's STC hardware counter, and to evaluate its performance when paired with a low cost yet powerful GPS 'hat'. We find that the platform can support timing adequate for most measurement purposes, but with some caveats.

Miller, G, Hermans, F & Braun, R 2016, 'Gradual Structuring: Evolving the Spreadsheet Paradigm for Expressiveness and Learnability', Proceedings of the 2016 15th International Conference on Information Technology Based Higher Education and Training (ITHET), International Conference on Information Technology Based Higher Education and Training (ITHET), IEEE, Istanbul, Turkey, pp. 1-8.
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Abstract: Spreadsheets are arguably the most used form of programming and are frequently used in higher education to teach fundamental concepts about computation. Their success has shown that they are simple enough for a huge number of end users to learn and use. This is in contrast to traditional programming languages and the high dropout rate from introductory programming and computer science. However in comparison to traditional programming languages and structured modelling, spreadsheets are not expressive, placing a limit on the levels of computational thinking that can be taught using the spreadsheet paradigm. This limitation is imposed by the lack of programming language features and abstractions in the paradigm. Furthermore, more advanced spreadsheet features (e.g. array formulae, lookup formulae, R1C1 syntax) can be difficult to learn and use. This paper discusses the idea of adding language features to spreadsheets, enabling the gradual structuring of free-form spreadsheets to more structured models. We propose that this concept is termed Gradual Structuring, and is analogous to the programming language concept of gradual typing. In this analogy, spreadsheets take the place of dynamic programming and structured modelling of static programming. In programming languages, gradual typing allows dynamic programming to be mixed with static programming. It is our contention that dynamic programming is more learnable while static programming is more expressive and abstract. Gradual typing could be used to mitigate the issues in the teaching of traditional programming. Likewise Gradual Structuring can mitigate the conceptual limits that can be taught using current spreadsheets. The key language feature required to enable Gradual Structuring is the ability to logically group cells together so that a single formula can be applied to the grouped cells. This concept, termed cell grouping diminishes and can even eliminate the need for the ubiquitous and error-prone u...

Mohammadi, MS, Dutkiewicz, E & Zhang, Q 2016, 'Joint source-channel optimization of vector quantization with polar codes', Proceedings of the 84th IEEE Vehicular Technology Conference, 2016 IEEE 84th Vehicular Technology Conference, IEEE, Montreal, QC, Canada, pp. 1-6.
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© 2016 IEEE. Joint application of polar channel coding combined with vector quantization lossy source coding is considered in this paper. The existing index assignment schemes in the literature cannot be used with polar codes due to their unique crossover probabilities. We elaborate on this problem and locally optimize index assignments. In addition, we propose an algorithm that jointly optimizes the number of quantization levels and the rate of the polar code in order to achieve minimum end-to-end distortion. It finds the optimal tradeoff between the distortion caused by channel errors and the quantization distortion. We also derive estimates for the crossover probabilities of the polar code which are required in the analysis. Simulation results confirm the effectiveness of the proposed algorithms and the accuracy of the crossover probabilities.

Mohammadi, MS, Dutkiewicz, E & Zhang, Q 2015, 'Sampling of band-limited signals with nonuniform sampling-time and bit-depth', 2015 IEEE Global Communications Conference, GLOBECOM 2015, IEEE Global Telecommunications Conference, IEEE, San Diego, USA.
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© 2015 IEEE. To reproduce a band-limited continuous-time signal with optimal fidelity, usually it is sampled at the Nyquist sampling rate and then the sample values are quantized. In nonuniform sampling, the total number of samples are reduced in expense of adding some reconstruction complexity and assuming prior information about the signal. In this paper we propose nonuniform sampling-time with nonuniform bit resolution per sample (bit-depth) to reduce the total required bit budget (i.e. the number of samples timed the bit-depth) even further. This idea is based on the fact that the maximum local variation of band-limited signals is bounded in a given time horizon. Therefore, it is not necessary to allocate a fixed bit-depth proportional to the signal's dynamic range to each sample. Instead, we try to allocate adaptively only the needed number of bits to represent the next sample considering the physical characteristics of the signal. Both sampling and reconstruction entities can generate the next sampling-times and bit-depths locally by observing the current and previous samples only. We propose different techniques in our generalized sampling framework that share a common sampling architecture. Here we only consider ECG signals for evaluation purpose. Based on the simulation results, the total number of required bits to reconstruct the signal with negligible distortion can be reduced up to 88% without imposing any form of transform coding compression.

Nanda, A, Nanda, P & He, X 2016, 'Geo-Location Oriented Routing Protocol for Smart Dynamic Mesh Network', Proceedings of the 18th IEEE International Conference on High Performance Computing and Communications (HPCC-2016), IEEE International Conference on High Performance Computing and Communications, IEEE, Sydney, Australia.
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Wireless Mesh Network is an emerging technology with great potential to become a Self-Sustained Network. Unlike the traditional networks that dominate the current communication system and rely on a large and expensive setup of wired/wireless access points to provide connection between users, the Wireless Mesh Network is formed by the user devices (referred as Nodes) which connect to each other to form a network. However, due to the use of legacy/traditional network models for mesh networks, there exist various limitations towards its implementation. This paper presents a new approach towards the Wireless Mesh Network, incorporating a new routing scheme based on the Geo-Location of the devices. It puts forward the structure, working principle and its performance during the first implementation.

Nanda, A, Nanda, P, He, X & Jamdagni, A 2016, 'A Secure Routing Scheme for Wireless Mesh Networks', ICISS 2016: Information Systems Security (LNCS), International Conference on Information Systems Security (ICISS), Springer, Jaipur, India, pp. 393-408.
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Wireless Mesh Network is an emerging technology with great potential for evolving into a self-sustained network. The traditional networks, which dominate the present day communication systems, rely on large and expensive setups of wired/wireless access points for connection between users. Unlike the traditional networks, a Wireless Mesh Network is formed by the user devices which connect to each other to form a network. The security of such networks is however very low as each data packet passes through multiple devices making it susceptible to vulnerabilities. This paper discusses a new network model that implements a strong security framework over a new routing technique. The new network model, unlike any other, features a new addressing scheme that is no longer limited by the drawbacks of the legacy systems and can hence implement better security measures.

Nguyen, L, Duong, T, Nguyen, D & Tran, LN 2016, 'Energy Efficiency Maximization for Heterogeneous Networks: A Joint Linear Precoder Design and Small-Cell Switching-Off Approach', 2016 IEEE Global Conference on Signal and Information Processing, GlobalSIP 2016 - Proceedings, IEEE Global Conference on Signal and Information Processing (GlobalSIP), IEEE, Washington DC.
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Nguyen, T, Hoang, DB & Chaczko, Z 2016, 'Can SDN technology be transported to software-defined WSN/IoT?', Proceedings of the 2016 IEEE International Conference on Internet of Things (iThings), The IEEE International Conference on Internet of Things (iThings), IEEE, Chengdu, China, pp. 234-239.
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Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are essential elements of the Internet of Things ecosystem, as such they encounter numerous IoT challenging architectural, management and application issues. These include inflexible control, manual configuration and management of sensor nodes, difficulty in orchestration of resources, and virtualizing senor network resources for on-demand applications and services. Addressing these issues presents a real challenge for WSNs and IoTs. By separating the network control plane from the data forwarding plane, Software-defined networking (SDN) has emerged as network technology that addresses similar problems of current switched-networks. Despite the differences between switched network and wireless sensor network domains, the SDN technology has a real potential to revolutionize WSNs/IoTs and address their challenging issues. However, very little has been attempted to bring the SDN paradigm to WSNs. This paper identifies weaknesses of existing research efforts that aims to bring the benefits of SDN to WSNs by mapping the control plane, the OpenFlow protocol, and the functionality between the two network domains. In particular, the paper investigates the difficulties and challenges in the development of software-defined wireless sensor networking (SDWSN). Finally, the paper proposes VSensor, SDIoT controller, SFlow components with specific and relevant functionality for an architecture of an SDWSN or SDIoT infrastructure.

Nicholson, KJ, Baum, T, Ghorbani, K & Ziolkowski, RW 2016, 'Microwave Doppler tomography of high impedance ground planes for aerospace applications', 2016 International Workshop on Antenna Technology, iWAT 2016, International Workshop on Antenna Technology, IEEE, Cocoa Beach, FL, pp. 33-36.
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© 2016 IEEE.Recent developments in the areas of metamaterials and high impedance ground planes (HIGPs) have created new opportunities for the development of novel multi-functional aerospace materials. One niche application of such materials is the suppression of electromagnetic surface waves across the outer mold line (OML) of aerospace structures. Doppler tomographic imaging and spectral filtering techniques are used to characterize the performance of a simple numerically simulated HIGP. A tapered HIGP concept is introduced to improve the performance over a range of illumination angles. This tapered HIGP is to be embroidered in a commercial aerospace pre-preg material. Experimental results will be presented at the conference.

Nicholson, KJ, Baum, TC, Ghorbani, K & Ziolkowski, RW 2015, 'Metamaterial-inspired electrically small antennas integrated into structural materials', 2015 International Symposium on Antennas and Propagation, ISAP 2015, IEEE International Symposium on Antennas and Propagation, IEEE, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia.
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© 2015 The Institute of Electronics, Information and Comm.An electrically small Egyptian axe dipole antenna has been designed and integrated into a glass fiber reinforced polymer (GFRP), a structural material now commonly found in most mobile platforms. The integration is accomplished by sewing the antenna with conductive threads into the GFRP prepreg and accounting for dimensional variations after curing under high temperature and pressure in an autoclave. The simulated and measured reflection coefficient values and radiated field patterns are in good agreement. These comparisons demonstrate that the antenna is nearly completely matched to the source without any matching circuit and radiates as an electric dipole.

Okada, M, Onoye, T, Dutkiewicz, E & Chanmongthai, K 2016, 'Message from general co-chairs', 2015 15th International Symposium on Communications and Information Technologies, ISCIT 2015.
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Peng, F, Lu, X, Lu, J, Xu, RYD, Luo, C, Ma, C & Yang, J 2016, 'Metricrec: Metric learning for cold-start recommendations', Advanced Data Mining and Applications (LNAI), International Conference on Advanced Data Mining and Applications, Springer, Gold Coast, QLD, Australia, pp. 445-458.
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© Springer International Publishing AG 2016.Making recommendations for new users is a challenging task of cold-start recommendations due to the absence of historical ratings. When the attributes of users are available, such as age, occupation and gender, then new users’ preference can be inferred. Inspired by the user based collaborative filtering in warm-start scenario, we propose using the similarity on attributes to conduct recommendations for new users. Two basic similarity metrics, cosine and Jaccard, are evaluated for cold-start. We also propose a novel recommendation model, MetricRec, that learns an interest-derived metric such that the users with similar interests are close to each other in the attribute space. As the MetricRec’s feasible area is conic, we propose an efficient Interior-point Stochastic Gradient Descent (ISGD) method to optimize it. During the optimizing process, the metric is always guaranteed in the feasible area. Owing to the stochastic strategy, ISGD possesses scalability. Finally, the proposed models are assessed on two movie datasets, Movielens-100K and Movielens-1M. Experimental results demonstrate that MetricRec can effectively learn the interest-derived metric that is superior to cosine and Jaccard, and solve the cold-start problem effectively.

Pham, TT, Nguyen, DN, Dutkiewicz, E, McEwan, AL, Thamrin, C, Robinson, PD & Leong, PHW 2016, 'Feature Engineering and Supervised Learning Classifiers for Respiratory Artefact Removal in Lung Function Tests', Proceedings of the 2016 IEEE Global Communications Conference (GLOBECOM), IEEE Global Telecommunications Conference, IEEE, Washington, USA, pp. 1-6.
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A critical task in forced oscillation technique (FOT), a promising lung function test, is to remove respiratory artefacts. Manual removal by specialists is widely used but time-consuming and subjective. Most existing automated techniques have involved simple thresholding methods in an unsupervised manner. Breath cycles can be classified by a binary classification model (classes: artefactual and accepted). While attempting to use off-the-shelf sorting algorithms (e.g., one-class support vector machine, knearest neighbours, and adaptive boosting ensemble), we noticed their poor detection performance. This may result from the dependence of samples as found in physiological studies of the lung function that challenges the learning process. Specifically, statistics of breaths that we recorded may change from one to another patient and even within the same recording of a patient. We introduce an additional feature engineering step that is an intermediate module to decorrelate samples, called feature learning (using Wilcoxon signed rank tests). To that end, we collected FOT recordings from various groups of patients (paediatric and adult including healthy and asthmatics). Artefacts in this work were recorded naturally and processed in a complete-breath approach. Performance metrics include evaluations on preservation of “accepted” breaths in the filtered output (including F1- score, throughput, and approval rate). Our experiment found that our feature engineering steps significantly improve the artefact removal performance of all implemented classifiers especially with feature inputs selected by mutual information criterion.

Poostchi, H, Zare Borzeshi, E, Abdous, M & Piccardi, M 2016, 'PersoNER: Persian Named-Entity Recognition', Website Proceedings of the 26th International Conference on Computational Linguistics, International Conference on Computational Linguistics, COLING, Osaka, Japan.
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Named-Entity Recognition (NER) is still a challenging task for languages with low digital resources. The main difficulties arise from the scarcity of annotated corpora and the consequent problematic training of an effective NER pipeline. To abridge this gap, in this paper we target the Persian language that is spoken by a population of over a hundred million people world-wide. We first present and provide ArmanPerosNERCorpus, the first manually-annotated Persian NER corpus. Then, we introduce PersoNER, an NER pipeline for Persian that leverages a word embedding and a sequential max-margin classifier. The experimental results show that the proposed approach is capable of achieving interesting MUC7 and CoNNL scores while outperforming two alternatives based on a CRF and a recurrent neural network

Qiao, M, Bian, W, Da Xu, RY & Tao, D 2016, 'Diversified Hidden Markov Models for Sequential Labeling', 2016 32ND IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON DATA ENGINEERING (ICDE), 32nd IEEE International Conference on Data Engineering (ICDE), IEEE, Helsinki, FINLAND, pp. 1512-+.
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Qin, PY, Guo, YJ, Ji, LY & Wei, F 2016, 'A single-layer wideband reflectarray with sub-wavelength phase-shifting elements', 2016 IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium, APSURSI 2016 - Proceedings, IEEE Antennas-and-Propagation-Society International Symposium (APSURSI), IEEE, Puerto Rico, pp. 1415-1416.
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© 2016 IEEE.A single-layer wideband reflectarray antenna employing sub-wavelength phase-shifting elements is presented. The element is composed of double concentric square meander line rings and its size is a fifth of a wavelength. By changing the length of the meander line, a phase variation range of about 360° is achieved with an almost constant slop across the 9 to 11 GHz. Using this element, a 48 × 48 - element reflectarray antenna is designed. A measured 1.5-dB gain bandwidth of 18 % is achieved.

Rao, TIANRONG, Xu, M, Liu, H, Wang, J & Burnett, I 2016, 'MULTI-SCALE BLOCKS BASED IMAGE EMOTION CLASSIFICATION USING MULTIPLE INSTANCE LEARNING', Proceedings - International Conference on Image Processing, ICIP, IEEE International Conference on Image Processing, IEEE, Phoenix, Arizona, USA.
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Emotional factors usually affect users' preferences for and evaluations of images. Although affective image analysis attracts increasing attention, there are still three major challenges remaining: 1) it is difficult to classify an image into a single emotion type since different regions within an image can represent different emotions; 2) there is a gap between low-level features and high-level emotions and 3) it is difficult to collect a training set of reliable emotional image content. To address these three issues, we propose an emotion classification method based on multi-scale blocks using Multiple Instance Learning (MIL). We firstly extract blocks of an image at multiple scales using different image segmentation methods pyramid segmentation and simple linear iterative clustering (SLIC) and represent each block using the bag-of-visual-words (BoVW) method. Then, to bridge the “affective gap”, probabilistic latent semantic analysis (pLSA) is employed to estimate the latent topic distribution as a mid-level representation of each block. Finally, MIL, which reduces the need for exact labelling, is employed to classify the dominant emotion type of the image. Experiments carried out on three widely used datasets demonstrate that our proposed method with S-LIC effectively improves the state-of-the-art results of image emotion classification 5.1% on average.

Saadat, A, Fang, G, Dutkiewicz, E, Mueck, M & Srikanteswara, S 2016, 'Enhanced QoS for domestic licensees in border areas through game theory based licensed shared access', 2016 16th International Symposium on Communications and Information Technologies, ISCIT 2016, International Symposium on Communications and Information Technologies, IEEE, Qingdao, PEOPLES R CHINA, pp. 44-47.
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© 2016 IEEE.In this paper, we propose a non-coordinated Licensed Shared Access (LSA) model which enables Mobile Network Operators (MNOs) acting as domestic licensees to provide enhanced Quality of Service (QoS) in border areas. The proposed model allows the domestic licensees to rely on their backup strategies while utilizing available spectrum resources, to avoid severe interference and maintain their QoS, whenever foreign incumbents initiate their operation in similar frequency spectrum across the border. The proposed model is presented as an LSA based game theoretic algorithm. We prove its convergence to an equilibrium point after finite iterations, both analytically and through simulations.

Shrestha, S, Fang, G, Dutkiewicz, E & Huang, X 2016, 'Effect of CSI quantization on the average rate in MU-MIMO WLANs', Proceedings of the 2016 13th IEEE Annual Consumer Communications and Networking Conference, CCNC 2016, IEEE Consumer Communications and Networking Conference, IEEE, USA, pp. 824-828.
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© 2016 IEEE.In Multi-User Multiple Input Multiple Output (MU-MIMO) Wireless Local Area Networks (WLANs), the optimal-solution such as Dirty Paper Coding (DPC) or the sub-optimal solution Zeroforcing Beamforming (ZFB) with perfect Channel State Information (CSI), is practically limited due to the complexity and the non-availability of perfect CSI at the Access Points (APs)/transmitters. In such a context, ZFB based on channel quantization available at the APs (ZFQ) is the obvious choice for the Multi-User transmission strategy. However, since the quantized CSI is used instead of the perfect CSI at the APs, the quantization error and its impact on the average rate for ZFQ have to be quantified in MU-MIMO WLAN settings. In this paper, we derive a closed-form expression for the upper bound of the channel quantization error and the average rate reduction due to the quantization error with respect to the perfect CSI at the APs. In MU-MIMO WLAN settings, our analytical and numerical studies show that, with an increasing number of antennas at the clients, both the quantization error bound and the average rate reduction increase for ZFQ, in comparison to the ZFB with the perfect CSI.

Simorangkir, RBVB, Yang, Y & Esselle, K 2016, 'Double-layer embroidery strategy for fabrication of textile antennas with improved efficiency (Invited Paper)', Proceedings of 2016 17th International Symposium on Antenna Technology and Applied Electromagnetics (ANTEM), International Symposium on Antenna Technology and Applied Electromagnetics, IEEE, Montreal, QC, Canada.
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In this paper, two approaches in fabricating textile antennas with double-layer embroidery technique, as one of the way to increase the textile antennas' efficiency, are discussed and compared. In the first approach, a conductive thread is used for both the upper and lower (bobbin) threads, while in the second, the conductive thread is used only for the lower thread but the embroidery process is done twice. To study the effect of each approach, two embroidered rectangular patch antennas operating at 2.45 GHz ISM band were fabricated and measured. The embroidered layers were then placed on top of a 3.175 mm thick Rogers TMM3 substrate, tested, and compared with an etched copper version of the patch antenna. The results show that both approaches give a comparable radiation performance to the etched copper version with a slightly higher efficiency in the first one. However, the second approach allows faster and cost efficient fabrication

Simorangkir, RBVB, Yang, Y, Esselle, KP, Matekovits, L & Abbas, SM 2016, 'A simple dual-band dual-mode antenna for off-/on-body centric communications', 2016 10th European Conference on Antennas and Propagation, EuCAP 2016.
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© 2016 European Association of Antennas and Propagation. By utilizing inherently generated TM11 and TM02 modes of a patch antenna, a new dual-band dual-mode antenna is proposed for off-/on-body centric communication. The antenna consists of a simple probe-fed circular patch with a shorting pin and two arc-shaped slots, which are added to tune the resonances of the corresponding modes to the desired frequencies of 2.45 and 5.8 GHz. A broadside radiation pattern suitable for off-body communication and a monopole-like radiation pattern for on-body communication are thereby provided at each frequency, respectively. To determine the human body's effect on the antenna performance, a study has been conducted through simulations in both free space and on a human body-equivalent phantom. The results reveal a robust performance of the antenna against the human body loading, which indicates that the proposed antenna is a very promising candidate for body centric communications.

Simpson, G, Kalli, K, Canning, J & Lacraz, A 2016, 'Evidence of chemical complexity and laser-driven autocatalysis in type IA FBGs', Optics InfoBase Conference Papers.
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© OSA 2016. We observe the first chemical complexity for Type IA FBG growth under prolonged UV laser exposure. Out-of-phase oscillatory behaviour in GeOH/SiOH formation provides evidence of laser-driven autocatalysis and chemical origins for grating formation.

Siyari, P, Krunz, M & Nguyen, DN 2016, '"Price-based Friendly Jamming in MISO Interference Wiretap Channel"', Proceedings of the 35th Annual IEEE International Conference on Computer Communications, IEEE Conference on Computer Communications, IEEE, San Francisco, USA.
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In this paper, we expand the scope of PHY-layer security by investigating TX-based friendly jamming (FJ) for the wiretap channel in multi-link settings. For the single-link scenario, creating a TX-based FJ is an effective and practical method in improving the secrecy rate. In a multi-link setting, several information signals must be transmitted simultaneously. Thus, the design must guarantee that the FJ signal of a given transmitter does not interfere with unintended but legitimate receivers. Under the assumption of exact knowledge of the eavesdropping channel, we first propose a distributed price-based approach to improve the secrecy sum-rate of a two-link network with one eavesdropper while satisfying an information-rate constraint for both link. Simulations show that price-based FJ control outperforms greedy FJ, and is close to the performance of a centralized approach. Next, we propose a method based on mixed strategic games that can offer robust solutions to the distributed secrecy sum-rate maximization problem under the assumption of an unknown eavesdropping channel. Lastly, we use simulations to show that in addition to outperforming the greedy approach, our robust optimization also satisfies practical network considerations. In particular, the transmission time for the robust optimization can be determined flexibly to match the channel's coherence time.

Siyari, P, Krunz, M & Nguyen, DN 2016, 'A game theoretic design of artificial-noise aided transmissions in MIMO wiretap interference network', 2016 IEEE Global Communications Conference, GLOBECOM 2016 - Proceedings, IEEE Global Telecommunications Conference, IEEE, Washington, DC, pp. 1-6.
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© 2016 IEEE.The article considers the joint optimization of artificial noise (AN) and information signal precoders in a MIMO wiretap interference network where the transmission of each user may be overheard by several MIMO-capable eavesdroppers. We use the theory of non-cooperative games to propose a distributed framework to optimize the covariance matrices of the information signal and AN at each link. To tackle the non-convexity of each link/player's optimization problem, we recruit a relaxed equilibrium concept in game theory, called quasi-Nash equilibrium (QNE). Under the assumption of no coordination between links, we derive sufficient conditions for the existence and uniqueness of the resulting QNE. It turns out that the uniqueness of QNE is not always guaranteed, especially in the case of high interference. Hence, multiple QNEs might exist, and an ordinary updating process (e.g., Gauss-Seidel, Jacobi, or asynchronous update) does not guarantee the convergence to a QNE. Instead, by using the Tikhonov regularization method for variational inequality problems, we modify our algorithm to guarantee the game's convergence to a QNE even in the case of having multiple QNEs. The modified algorithm also allows the links to select between multiple QNEs so as to reduce the received interference at the legitimate receivers. Simulations are then used to confirm the above theoretical findings and the efficacy (in terms of secrecy sum-rate, convergence guarantee, and energy efficiency) of the latter algorithm.

Sun, S, Huang, X, Liu, J & Cheng, X 2016, 'Welcome message from TPC chairs', 2016 16th International Symposium on Communications and Information Technologies, ISCIT 2016.
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Sun, Z, Xie, Y, Yuan, J & Yang, T 2016, 'Coded slotted ALOHA schemes for erasure channels', Proceedings of the 2016 IEEE International Conference on Communications (ICC), IEEE International Conference on Communications, IEEE, Malaysia, pp. 1-6.
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In this paper we investigate the coded slotted ALOHA (CSA) schemes with repetition codes and maximum distance separable (MDS) codes over erasure channels. We derive the extrinsic information transfer (EXIT) functions of the CSA schemes over erasure channels, which allow an asymptotic analysis of the packet recovering process. Moreover, we define a traffic load threshold provided that the recovered probability is more than a given recovery ratio. The optimal distribution of the codes chosen by users in the CSA schemes is then designed to maximize the peak throughput and traffic load threshold. By performing the asymptotic analysis, we show that our optimal distributions improve the traffic load threshold by 60% for ε = 0.1 and 86% for ε = 0.135 compared to the optimal distribution for collision channels. Using repetition codes as an example, simulation results show that the obtained distributions enhance the peak throughput for erasure channels when both packet erasure channels and slot erasure channels are considered

Tang, M-C, Shi, T & Ziolkowski, RW 2016, 'A Filter-integrated Method to Improve the Radiation Performance of Planar UWB Antenna', 2016 PROGRESS IN ELECTROMAGNETICS RESEARCH SYMPOSIUM (PIERS), Progress in Electromagnetic Research Symposium (PIERS), IEEE, Shanghai, PEOPLES R CHINA, pp. 1674-1674.
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Tang, S, Gu, L, Wang, Q, Li, X, Xu, Y, Chen, T & Yang, Y 2016, 'A 700W push-pull AlGaN/GaN power amplifier for P-band aerospace application', Proceedings of the 2016 18th International Conference on Electromagnetics in Advanced Applications, ICEAA 2016, pp. 453-455.
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© 2016 IEEE. This paper proposed a novel internally pre-matching network for high power and high efficiency power amplifier design. Based on this matching network, a push-pull GaN power amplifier with the high saturated output power of 805 W and peak PAE of 74.5% is realized. The proposed power amplifier can provide a relatively stable output power above 58.5 dBm (707 W) in the band of 400 MHz to 500 MHz while maintain a stable gain above 17.5 dB.

Tyo, JS, Ziolkowski, R & Rodríguez-Solís, R 2016, 'Chairs' welcome', 2016 USNC-URSI Radio Science Meeting (Joint with AP-S Symposium), USNC-URSI 2016 - Proceedings, p. xii.
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Usman, M, Jan, M, He, XS & Nanda, P 2016, 'Data Sharing in Secure Multimedia Wireless Sensor Networks', Porcoeedings of the 15th IEEE International Conference on Trust, Security and Privacy in Computing and Communications (2016 IEEE Trustcom/BigDataSE/I​SPA), IEEE International Conference on Trust, Security and Privacy in Computing and Communications (TrustCom), IEEE, Tianjin, China.
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The use of Multimedia Wireless Sensor Networks (MWSNs) is becoming common nowadays with a rapid growth in communication facilities. Similar to any other WSNs, these networks face various challenges while providing security, trust and privacy for user data. Provisioning of the aforementioned services become an uphill task especially while dealing with real-time streaming data. These networks operates with resource-constrained sensor nodes for days, months and even years depending on the nature of an application. The resource-constrained nature of these networks makes it difficult for the nodes to tackle real-time data in mission-critical applications such as military surveillance, forest fire monitoring, health-care and industrial automation. For a secured MWSN, the transmission and processing of streaming data needs to be explored deeply. The conventional data authentication schemes are not suitable for MWSNs due to the limitations imposed on sensor nodes in terms of battery power, computation, available bandwidth and storage. In this paper, we propose a novel quality-driven clustering-based technique for authenticating streaming data in MWSNs. Nodes with maximum energy are selected as Cluster Heads (CHs). The CHs collect data from member nodes and forward it to the Base Station (BS), thus preventing member nodes with low energy from dying soon and increasing life span of the underlying network. The proposed approach not only authenticates the streaming data but also maintains the quality of transmitted data. The proposed data authentication scheme coupled with an Error Concealment technique provides an energy-efficient and distortion-free real-time data streaming. The proposed scheme is compared with an unsupervised resources scenario. The simulation results demonstrate better network lifetime along with 21.34 dB gain in Peak Signal-to-Noise Ratio (PSNR) of received video data streams.

Veitch, D 1970, 'Past Present and Future of Scaling Behaviour in Telecommunications Networks', The University of Melbourne, Australia..
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Veitch, D & Vijayalayan, K 2016, 'Network timing and the 2015 leap second', Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics), Passive and Active Measurement (PAM), Springer, Heraklion, Greece, pp. 385-396.
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© Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2016.Using a testbed with reference timestamping, we collected timing data from public Stratum-1 NTP servers during the leap second event of end-June 2015. We found a wide variety of anomalous serverside behaviors, both at the NTP protocol level and in the server clocks themselves, which can last days or even weeks after the event. Out of 176 servers, only 61% had no erroneous behavior related to the leap second event that we could detect.

Vijayalayan, K & Veitch, D 2016, 'Rot at the roots? Examining public timing infrastructure', Proceedings of the The 35th Annual IEEE International Conference on Computer Communications, IEEE INFOCOM 2016, IEEE Conference on Computer Communications, IEEE, USA.
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© 2016 IEEE.Timekeeping is central to network measurement. In typical systems, its accuracy is ultimately dependent on the forest of timeservers accessible over the network, whose roots are the stratum-1 timeservers, which benefit from reference hardware. It is essential that these servers are accurate and reliable, and it is commonly assumed that this is the case. We put this belief to the test through an examination of around 100 publicly accessible stratum-1 servers, using datasets spanning over 3 years, collected in a testbed with reference timestamping. We develop a methodology capable of disambiguating the effects of routing changes, congestion related variability, and server anomalies on timestamps. We use it to make a first assessment of the health of (public) network timing, by reporting on the type, severity, and frequency of anomalies we encounter.

Vold, T, Braun, R & Lundesgaard, D 2016, 'Flipped classroom — Students as producers', 2016 15th International Conference on Information Technology Based Higher Education and Training (IEEE ITHET), IEEE International Conference on IT Based Higher Education and Training (ITHET), IEEE, Istanbul, Turkey, pp. 1-6.
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Flipped classroom is something that more and more teachers add to their teaching plans. To use video recordings of their lectures as a support for the students and then focus more on working with the curriculum in class has become a method that is adopted by an increasing number of lecturers. In higher education the students are adults. This implies that it needs to be a form of lecturing adapted to adults. From the area of organizational learning, and from andragogy, the key to learning lies in motivation and the motivation is triggered by engagement that in its turn stems from involvement. However, involving the learner in their own learning process is also about “letting go” of the teachers' full control. But is it necessary to maintain control? Is it possible to view the undertaking as a learning experience also for the teacher/lecturer? What control should be executed and what can one let go of? The research done at Hedmark University of Applied Sciences, show some interesting features. The courses have been “Learning Organizations” (autumn) and “Knowledge Management” (spring). The lectures have been in the form of streaming video and the course is organized as three full day seminars each semester/course. Each day has had a similar approach: a browse through the different chapters that are going to be discussed. Then follows solving assignments related to the presented topics, first in small groups, then in plenary. Before the lunch break, the students present suggestions towards possible new assignments. During the lunch break, the lecturer writes up the assignment using the input from the students. There is a quality check regarding the topics being within the scope of the seminar. After the lunch break, the students solve the assignment, first in small groups, then in plenary. The assignment and solution(s) are discussed using the following standard: 1. What did we learn from the assignment? 2. What did we learn from making the assignment? 3. Which issue...

Wang, H, Dutkiewicz, E, Fang, G & Mueck, MD 2016, 'A Fair Spectrum Sharing Framework Based on Topological Sort and Max Weight for Femtocells', 2016 Australian Communications Theory Workshop, AusCTW 2016, Australian Communications Theory Workshop, IEEE, Monash University, Australia.
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Femto base stations will be widely deployed in 5G times for compensating poor cellular coverage for use in residential or small business environments. In this paper, we propose a spectrum sharing framework, where a cluster of femtocells are under the control of a centralized local manager. The framework assumes that each femto base station has the sniffing ability that can detect its neighbor femtocells and the controller can then have complete knowledge of local interference constraints. Unlike distributed WiFi that runs on unlicensed band, the femtocell owned by a carrier runs on licensed band and the carrier prefers a centralized system to a distributed one. Therefore, a fair spectrum sharing policy on the licensed band is more important among carriers to break the monopoly and inefficient spectrum allocation. Considering the spectrum can be spatial reused, an interference graph is adopted to avoid the interference between femtocells of all the carriers. We test the framework not only by comparing the average number of channels per user can get but also the variance to guarantee the fairness. In this framework, the scheme combining topological sort and maximum traffic load of femtocell contributes to keep a better balance on the average number of channels and variance.

Wang, H, Dutkiewicz, E, Fang, G & Mueck, MD 2015, 'Spectrum sharing based on truthful auction in licensed shared access systems', 2015 IEEE 82nd Vehicular Technology Conference, VTC Fall 2015 - Proceedings, IEEE Vehicular Technology Conference, IEEE, USA.
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© 2015 IEEE. The explosion of different types of wireless communications is leading to an impending spectrum famine. As a result, spectrum sharing has gained increasing interest from governments, industry and regulators, such as FCC in US and CEPT in Europe. Licensed Shared Access (LSA), developed by CEPT and ETSI, is a concept for an efficient use of current spectrum resources to enable keeping pace with increasing mobile data usage demands. In this paper, we present a truthful auction mechanism for spectrum sharing based on the LSA concept. This proposal is to allocate Incumbents’ idle spectrum to Licensee Access Points from different operators for the purpose of commerce. We give insights into spectrum allocation methods based on auction mechanisms to obtain high revenue to attract Incumbents to join in the LSA architecture and operators to offload data from primary spectrum band. The proposed LSA Auction (LSAA) mechanism combines independent set selection by bidding and an elaborately designed group bid called Rank-bid, which further improves the revenue compared to related allocation methods. Our simulation results show that LSAA results in enhanced performance for Incumbent revenue and Licensee satisfaction.

Wang, W, Sun, Y, Uhlig, S, Fang, G, Wang, N & Li, Z 2016, 'Multipath Bandwidth Guarantees for Multi-Tenant Cloud Networking', Proceedings - Conference on Local Computer Networks, LCN, pp. 442-450.
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© 2016 IEEE. Resource isolation of the computation and storage in the cloud is relatively mature, but the network resource is still shared among tenants leading to variable and unpredictable network performance when bandwidth guarantees are not enforced. Currently most of the bandwidth guarantee approaches are based on the idea of single-path reservation without fully exploiting the multipath resource, which leads to poor network utilization. In this paper, we propose a multi-path bandwidth guarantee approach called MultiBand, which provides bandwidth guarantees by allocating bandwidth across multiple paths. We utilize label-based routing technique to explicitly control the packets' transmission paths, and design a MHTB rate limiter model to split and schedule the traffic over the multiple reserved paths. Besides, Our Multiband solution has the work-conserving property. We evaluated our approach through simulations with realistic topologies and typical traffic patterns. Our results show that MultiBand is able to provide multipath bandwidth guarantees and to achieve higher network utility and tenant throughput compared with those of current approaches.

Wang, Z & Piccardi, M 2016, 'A Pair Hidden Markov Support Vector Machine for Alignment of Human Actions', Proceedings of the 2016 IEEE International Conference on Multimedia and Expo (ICME), IEEE International Conference on Multimedia and Expo, IEEE, Seattle, WA, USA.
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Alignment of human actions in videos is an important task for applications such as action comparison and classification. While well-established algorithms such as dynamic time warping are available for this task, they still heavily rely on basic linear cost models and heuristic parameter tuning. In this paper we propose a novel framework that combines the flexibility of the pair hidden Markov model (PHMM) with the effective parameter training of the structural support vector machine (SSVM). The framework extends the scoring function of SSVM to capture the similarity of two input sequences and introduces suitable feature and loss functions. The proposed approach is evaluated against state-of-the-art algorithms such as dynamic time warping (DTW) and canonical time warping (CTW) on pairs of human actions from the Weizmann and Olympic Sports datasets. The experimental results show that the proposed approach is capable of achieving an accuracy improvement of over 7 percentage points over the runner-up on both datasets.

Wazirali, RA & Chaczko, Z 2015, 'Perceptual Threshold in DWT For Optimum Embedding Rate in Data Hiding Using HVS and GA', Proceedings of the 30th International Conference on Image and Vision Computing New Zealand, Image and Vision Computing New Zealand (IVCNZ), IEEE, Auckland, New Zealand, pp. 1-8.
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Steganography is the process of concealing data to protect the carrier file data from intruders. One of the main challenges of steganography is to maintain optimum visual quality while increasing hiding capacity. This can be resolved by incorporating the human visual systems weaknesses in steganography, which results in a good quality of the algorithm. Additionally, steganography is considered as an optimization problem to obtain optimum embedding rate. For this reason, this paper presents a novel method aimed towards a selection of perceptual embedding threshold in Discrete Wavelet Transform using human visual system characteristics and Genetic Algorithm. This method included an introduction of an optimization model by maintaining a correlation between neighboring areas of the image and the different parts of the object. The results of the experiment involving a variety of two thousand images show the differences between the various methods and the HVS in relation to accuracy. Furthermore, higher levels of detectability and comprehensiveness were seen. Lastly, the method has a high tendency to maintain image quality as well as the transparency when subjected to steganography.

Weilemann, E, Brune, P & Gill, AQ 2016, 'Do They Miss the Lectures? – Flipped Classroom Perception by Software Engineering Students', Proceedings of ECSEE 2016 - Flipped Classroom Perception by Software Engineering Students, European Conference of Software Engineering Education, Shaker Verlag, Seeon Monastery, Germany, pp. 245-249.
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Wu, C, Goh, WL, Yang, Y, Chang, A, Zhu, X & Wang, L 2016, 'A start-up free 200nW bandgap voltage reference', 14th IEEE International NEWCAS Conference, NEWCAS 2016, IEEE International on New Circuits and Systems Conference, IEEE, Vancouver, BC, Canada, pp. 1-4.
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© 2016 IEEE. A low power cross-coupled bandgap voltage reference is proposed in this paper. Based on the suggested structure, a 9.8 ppm/°C temperature coefficient bandgap voltage reference across-50°C to 150°C temperature range with 1.8-V supply voltage is achieved. For the help of the proposed cross coupled structure bandgap voltage reference, start-up circuit can be waived from which can save both area and power consumption for the bandgap circuit. Thus, The total power consumption is only 200 nW at room temperature with 1.8-V supply voltage. The proposed circuit can work at supply voltage varying from 1.4 V to 3.0 V while still enabling a wide temperature range bandgap voltage reference. All the simulation results were based on standard 0.18-μm CMOS process.

Wu, L, Wang, JQ, Zhu, G, Xu, M & Lu, H 2016, 'Person re-identification via rich color-gradient feature', 2016 IEEE International Conference on Multimedia and Expo (ICME), IEEE International Conference on Multimedia and Expo, IEEE, Seattle, USA, pp. 1-6.
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Person re-identification refers to match the same pedestrian across disjoint views in non-overlapping camera networks. Lots of local and global features in the literature are put forward to solve the matching problem, where color feature is robust to viewpoint variance and gradient feature provides a rich representation robust to illumination change. However, how to effectively combine the color and gradient features is an open problem. In this paper, to effectively leverage the color-gradient property in multiple color spaces, we propose a novel Second Order Histogram feature (SOH) for person reidentification in large surveillance dataset. Firstly, we utilize discrete encoding to transform commonly used color space into Encoding Color Space (ECS), and calculate the statistical gradient features on each color channel. Then, a second order statistical distribution is calculated on each cell map with a spatial partition. In this way, the proposed SOH feature effectively leverages the statistical property of gradient and color as well as reduces the redundant information. Finally, a metric learned by KISSME [1] with Mahalanobis distance is used for person matching. Experimental results on three public datasets, VIPeR, CAVIAR and CUHK01, show the promise of the proposed approach

Wu, S, Jing, XY, Yue, D, Zhang, J, Yang, KJ & Yang, J 2016, 'Unsupervised visual domain adaptation via dictionary evolution', Proceedings - IEEE International Conference on Multimedia and Expo, IEEE International Conference on Multimedia and Expo, IEEE, Seattle, Washington, United States.
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© 2016 IEEE.In real-word visual applications, distribution mismatch between samples from different domains may significantly degrade classification performance. To improve the generalization capability of classifier across domains, domain adaptation has attracted a lot of interest in computer vision. This work focuses on unsupervised domain adaptation which is still challenging because no labels are available in the target domain. Most of the attention has been dedicated to seeking domain-invariant feature by exploring the shared structure between domains, ignoring the valuable discriminative information contained in the labeled source data. In this paper, we propose a Dictionary Evolution (DE) approach to construct discriminative features robust to domain shift. Specifically, DE aims to adapt a discriminative dictionary learnt based on labeled source samples to unlabeled target samples through a gradual transition process. We show that the learnt dictionary is endowed with cross-domain data representation ability and powerful discriminant capability. Empirical results on real world data sets demonstrate the advantages of the proposed approach over competing methods.

Xu, H, Xu, K, Liu, Y & Liu, QH 2016, 'Compact triple-mode bandpass filter using short- and open-stub loaded spiral resonator', 2016 IEEE/ACES International Conference on Wireless Information Technology, ICWITS 2016 and System and Applied Computational Electromagnetics, ACES 2016 - Proceedings.
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© 2016 IEEE. A novel high-selectivity triple-mode microstrip bandpass filter (BPF) using short- and open-stub loaded spiral resonator is presented. Because of the spiral structure, the size of designed BPF is reduced greatly. Then the odd- and even-mode method is used to analyze resonant frequencies of the resonator. Based on the analysis, a prototype of the proposed BPF with good selectivity is designed whose center frequency is at 4.3 GHz. Finally, the measured results are shown, which are in good agreement with simulations.

Yang, J, Liu, Y, Huang, X, Tan, X & Liu, QH 2016, 'Beam-scanning sparse array design with minimum spacing constraint', Call for Papers - ICCEM 2016: 2016 IEEE International Conference on Computational Electromagnetics, pp. 92-94.
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© 2016 IEEE. In this paper, we propose a new method to design a beam-scanning sparse array with minimum spacing constraint. The proposed method consists of two optimization steps. In the first step, an iterative reweighted L1-norm optimization is used to obtain an initial sparse array without minimum spacing constraint. In the second step, we carry on a series of element combination and perturbations to meet the minimum spacing constraint. An example is given to design a sparse array which has the minimum spacing of 0.5 wavelength and the beam scanning from-45° to 135°.

Yang, L, Yang, T, Yuan, J, Xie, Y & An, J 2016, 'Physical-layer Network Coding and Information Combining for the Multiple-access Relay Network', 2016 IEEE Global Communications Conference (GLOBECOM), IEEE Global Telecommunications Conference, IEEE, Washington DC USA.
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We propose a new linear physical-layer network coding and information combining scheme for the K-user fading multiple-access relay network (MARN), which consists of K users, one relay and one destination. The relay and the destination are connected via a rate-constraint backhaul link. In the proposed scheme, the K users transmit signals simultaneously. The relay and the destination receive the superimposed signals distorted by fading and noise. The relay reconstructs L linear combinations of the K users' messages, referred to as L network coded (NC) messages, and forwards them to the destination. The destination then attempts to recover all K users' messages by combining its received signals and the NC messages obtained from the relay. We develop an explicit expression on the selection of the coefficients of the NC messages at the relay that minimizes the end-to-end error probability at a high signal to noise ratio. We demonstrate that our proposed scheme outperforms the benchmark scheme significantly in an MARN.

Yang, X, Zhao, G, Hu, W, Guo, YJ, Yin, YZ & Bah, AO 2016, 'Characteristics of wideband phased array with two-layer metasurface', Proceedings of the 2016 18th International Conference on Electromagnetics in Advanced Applications, ICEAA 2016, International Conference on Electromagnetics in Advanced Applications, IEEE, Cairns, Australia, pp. 852-855.
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© 2016 IEEE.The agile beam scanning ability is attractive feature of phased array over traditional mechanical array, but it is difficult to achieve perfect impedance matching in all the directions. Furthermore, phased array capable of wideband operation is desired in multi-function radar and modern communication systems. In this paper, a wideband tightly coupled array models equipped with two-layer metasurface is presented and its characteristics are investigated. The metasurface consists of two substrates each printed with different periodic metallic patches to accommodate wideband and wide angle applications. The results show that, with the assistance of this artificial metasurface, the phased array can operate over a 5:1 ratio impedance bandwidth (VSWR<3) and the scanning angle is as large as 45°.

Yang, Y, Zhu, X & Heimlich, MC 2016, 'A broadside-coupled meander-line resonator (BCMLR) for ultra-compact millimeter-wave MMIC designs in 0.13μm SiGe technology', 2016 IEEE International Workshop on Electromagnetics, iWEM 2016 - Proceeding.
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© 2016 IEEE. This paper proposed a novel broadside-coupled meander-line resonator (BCMLR) for millimeter-wave (mm-wave) passive and active circuit designs. This on-chip resonator is designed and fabricated using a 0.13μm SiGe technology. The proposed BCMLR consists of two broadside-coupled meander lines with opposite orientation. Applying this resonator with on-chip capacitors, a compact first-order and a second-order on-chip bandpass filters (BPFs) are designed. The measured results illustrate that the resonator can generate a resonance at 57 GHz with attenuation of 13.7 dB. The BCMLR based BPFs with excellent measured results are also presented in the paper as an example of applying the BCMLR in MMIC circuits designs. The chip size of both the BCMLR and the BPF, excluding the pads, is only 0.024 mm2 (0.09 × 0.27mm2).

Yao, Y, Hua, XS, Shen, F, Zhang, J & Tang, Z 2016, 'A domain robust approach for image dataset construction', MM 2016 - Proceedings of the 2016 ACM Multimedia Conference, ACM International Conference on Multimedia, ACM, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, pp. 212-216.
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© 2016 ACM.There have been increasing research interests in automatically constructing image dataset by collecting images from the Internet. However, existing methods tend to have a weak domain adaptation ability, known as the \dataset bias problem". To address this issue, in this work, we propose a novel image dataset construction framework which can generalize well to unseen target domains. In specific, the given queries are first expanded by searching in the Google Books Ngrams Corpora (GBNC) to obtain a richer semantic description, from which the noisy query expansions are then filtered out. By treating each expansion as a \bag" and the retrieved images therein as \instances", we formulate image filtering as a multi-instance learning (MIL) problem with constrained positive bags. By this approach, images from different data distributions will be kept while with noisy images filtered out. Comprehensive experiments on two challenging tasks demonstrate the effectiveness of our proposed approach.

Yao, Y, Zhang, J, Hua, XS, Shen, F & Tang, Z 2016, 'Extracting visual knowledge from the internet: Making sense of image data', MultiMedia Modeling (LNCS), International Conference on Multimedia Modeling, Springer, Miami, USA, pp. 862-873.
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© Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2016.Recent successes in visual recognition can be primarily attributed to feature representation, learning algorithms, and the everincreasing size of labeled training data. Extensive research has been devoted to the first two, but much less attention has been paid to the third. Due to the high cost of manual data labeling, the size of recent efforts such as ImageNet is still relatively small in respect to daily applications. In this work, we mainly focus on how to automatically generate identifying image data for a given visual concept on a vast scale. With the generated image data, we can train a robust recognition model for the given concept. We evaluate the proposed webly supervised approach on the benchmark Pascal VOC 2007 dataset and the results demonstrates the superiority of our method over many other state-ofthe- art methods in image data collection.

Yao, Y, Zhang, J, Shen, F, Hua, X, Xu, J & Tang, Z 2016, 'Automatic image dataset construction with multiple textual metadata', Proceedings - IEEE International Conference on Multimedia and Expo, IEEE International Conference on Multimedia and Expo, IEEE, Seattle, Washington, USA.
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© 2016 IEEE.The goal of this work is to automatically collect a large number of highly relevant images from the Internet for given queries. A novel image dataset construction framework is proposed by employing multiple textual metadata. In specific, the given queries are first expanded by searching in the Google Books Ngrams Corpora to obtain a richer semantic description, from which the visually non-salient and less relevant expansions are then filtered. After retrieving images from the Internet with filtered expansions, we further filter noisy images by clustering and progressively Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN). To verify the effectiveness of our proposed method, we construct a dataset with 10 categories, which is not only much larger than but also have comparable cross-dataset generalization ability with manually labeled dataset STL-10 and CIFAR-10.

Ye, L, Cao, K, Guo, J, Huang, X, Beadle, P, Argha, A, Piccardi, M, Zhang, G & Su, SW 2016, 'Inertial sensor based post fall analysis for false alarming reduction', Telehealth and Assistive Technology / 847: Intelligent Systems and Robotics, IASTED Telehealth and Assistive Technology, Acta Press, Zurich, Switzerland, pp. 36-43.
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One of the major public health problems among elderly people is falling injury. This study investigates fall detection and prevention by using inertial sensors for which the major existing challenging is how to significantly reduce false alarming in order to enhance the acceptance of elderly users during rehabilitation and daily exercises. Different from most existing approaches in the literature, the behavior after falling will be analyzed in details, which can not only greatly reduce false alarming, but also significantly improves the accuracy of the assessment of the severity of falling injuries.

Yu, S, Zhang, T, Ma, C, Zhou, L, Yang, J & He, X 2016, 'Learning a discriminative dictionary with CNN for image classification', Neural Information Processing (LNCS) Proceedings, Part II, International Conference on Neural Information Processing, Springer, Kyoto, Japan, pp. 185-194.
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© Springer International Publishing AG 2016.In this paper, we propose a novel framework for image recognition based on an extended sparse model. First, inspired by the impressive results of CNN over different tasks in computer vision, we use the CNN models pre-trained on large datasets to generate features. Then we propose an extended sparse model which learns a dictionary from the CNN features by incorporating the reconstruction residual term and the coefficients adjustment term. Minimizing the reconstruction residual term guarantees that the class-specific sub-dictionary has good representation power for the samples from the corresponding class and minimizing the coefficients adjustment term encourages samples from different classes to be reconstructed by different class-specific sub-dictionaries. With this learned dictionary, not only the representation residual but also the representation coefficients will be discriminative. Finally, a metric involving these discriminative information is introduced for image classification. Experiments on Caltech101 and PASCAL VOC 2012 datasets show the effectiveness of the proposed method on image classification.

Zhang, G & Piccardi, M 2016, 'Sequential labeling with structural SVM under an average precision loss', Structural, Syntactic, and Statistical Pattern Recognition, Joint IAPR International Workshop on Structural and Syntactic Pattern Recognition (SSPR) / International Workshop on Statistical Techniques in Pattern Recognition (SPR), Springer, Mérida, Mexico, pp. 344-354.
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© Springer International Publishing AG 2016.The average precision (AP) is an important and widelyadopted performance measure for information retrieval and classification systems. However, owing to its relatively complex formulation, very few approaches have been proposed to learn a classifier by maximising its average precision over a given training set. Moreover, most of the existing work is restricted to i.i.d. data and does not extend to sequential data. For this reason, we herewith propose a structural SVM learning algorithm for sequential labeling that maximises an average precision measure. A further contribution of this paper is an algorithm that computes the average precision of a sequential classifier at test time, making it possible to assess sequential labeling under this measure. Experimental results over challenging datasets which depict human actions in kitchen scenarios (i.e., TUM Kitchen and CMU Multimodal Activity) show that the proposed approach leads to an average precision improvement of up to 4.2 and 5.7% points against the runner-up, respectively.

Zhang, H & Xu, M 2016, 'Modeling Temporal Information Using Discrete Fourier Transform for Recognizing Emotions in User-generated Videos', Proceedings of the 2016 IEEE International Conference on Image Processing (ICIP), IEEE International Conference on Image Processing, IEEE, Phoenix, Arizona, USA, pp. 629-633.
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With the widespread of user-generated Internet videos, emotion recognition in those videos attracts increasing research efforts. However, most existing works are based on framelevel visual features and/or audio features, which might fail to model the temporal information, e.g. characteristics accumulated along time. In order to capture video temporal information, in this paper, we propose to analyse features in frequency domain transformed by discrete Fourier transform (DFT features). Frame-level features are firstly extract by a pre-trained deep convolutional neural network (CNN). Then, time domain features are transferred and interpolated into DFT features. CNN and DFT features are further encoded and fused for emotion classification. By this way, static image features extracted from a pre-trained deep CNN and temporal information represented by DFT features are jointly considered for video emotion recognition. Experimental results demonstrate that combining DFT features can effectively capture temporal information and therefore improve emotion recognition performance. Our approach has achieved a state-of-the-art performance on the largest video emotion dataset (VideoEmotion-8 dataset), improving accuracy from 51.1% to 55.6%.

Zhang, J, Guo, Y & Huang, X 2016, 'Framework of Joint Communications and Sensing Using Two Phased Antenna Arrays', Future Land Force Conference, Adelaide, Australia.
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Zhang, J, Hay, S & Guo, Y 2016, 'Directional Antennas for Point-to-Multipoint Millimetre Wave Communications', Proceedings of the 2016 6th IEEE-APS Topical Conference on Antennas and Propagation in Wireless Communications, IEEE APWC 2016, IEEE-APS Topical Conference on Antennas and Propagation in Wireless Communications (APWC), IEEE, Cairns, QLD, 2016.
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Zhang, J, Zhang, J, Lu, J, Shen, C, Curr, K, Phua, R, Neville, R & Edmonds, E 2016, 'SLNSW-UTS: A Historical Image Dataset for Image Multi-Labeling and Retrieval', 2016 International Conference on Digital Image Computing: Techniques and Applications, DICTA 2016, Digital Image Computing Techniques and Applications, IEEE, Gold Coast, Australia, pp. 1-6.
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© 2016 IEEE.This paper introduces a dataset of historical images created by the State Library of New South Wales and the University of Technology Sydney (UTS). The dataset has a total of 29713 images with 119 unique labels. Each image contains multiple labels. We use a CNN-based framework to explore the feasibility of our dataset in image multi-labeling and retrieval research, and extract semantic level image features for future research use. The experiment results illustrate that effective deep learning models can be trained on our dataset. We also introduce five applications that can be studied on our historical image dataset.

Zhang, L, Song, Z, Ye, L, Liu, Y & Liu, QH 2016, 'Experimental investigation on high efficiency decoupling using tunable metamaterials', 2015 International Symposium on Antennas and Propagation, ISAP 2015.
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© 2015 The Institute of Electronics, Information and Comm. More than 110 dB isolation is experimentally realized in a narrow band in this work. Multiple varactors based tunable metamaterials were placed between two co-polarized monopole antennas. The metamaterials are controlled using an genetic algorithm (GA) based optimization program. The optimization goal is to minimize the transmission coefficient of a. After 3000 generations of evolution, more than 110 dB isolation ratio is achieved. This method is verified by two experiments with different metamaterial structures.

Zhao, L, Yang, T, Geraci, G & Yuan, J 2016, 'Downlink multiuser massive MIMO in Rician channels under pilot contamination', 2016 IEEE International Conference on Communications, ICC 2016, IEEE International Conference on Communications, IEEE, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
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© 2016 IEEE.In this paper, we investigate uplink channel estimation and multiuser downlink transmission of a massive MIMO time-division duplex system in the presence of pilot contamination, where the base station (BS) with M antennas communicates with N single-antenna users in a cell. We assume that all channels are affected by Rician fading. We also assume that angles of arrival from users to the BS are different. We first analyze the impact of pilot contamination on the channel estimation, based on which we derive a tight sum-rate approximation. We also obtain the asymptotic sum-rate for large Rician K-factor in the large signal to noise ratio regime. Furthermore, we examine the impact of the Rician K-factor on the sum-rate of the system, showing that the sum-rate increases as K-factor increases.

Zhao, Y, Di, H, Zhang, J, Lu, Y & Lv, F 2016, 'Recognizing human actions from low-resolution videos by region-based mixture models', Proceedings - IEEE International Conference on Multimedia and Expo, IEEE International Conference on Multimedia and Expo, IEEE, Seattle, Washington, United States.
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© 2016 IEEE.Recognizing human action from low-resolution (LR) videos is essential for many applications including large-scale video surveillance, sports video analysis and intelligent aerial vehicles. Currently, state-of-the-art performance in action recognition is achieved by the use of dense trajectories which are extracted by optical flow algorithms. However, the optical flow algorithms are far from perfect in LR videos. In addition, the spatial and temporal layout of features is a powerful cue for action discrimination. While, most existing methods encode the layout by previously segmenting body parts which is not feasible in LR videos. Addressing the problems, we adopt the Layered Elastic Motion Tracking (LEMT) method to extract a set of long-term motion trajectories and a long-term common shape from each video sequence, where the extracted trajectories are much denser than those of sparse interest points(SIPs); then we present a hybrid feature representation to integrate both of the shape and motion features; and finally we propose a Region-based Mixture Model (RMM) to be utilized for action classification. The RMM models the spatial layout of features without any needs of body parts segmentation. Experiments are conducted on two publicly available LR human action datasets. Among which, the UT-Tower dataset is very challenging because the average height of human figures is only about 20 pixels. The proposed approach attains near-perfect accuracy on both of the datasets.

Zhao, Y, He, X & Chen, B 2016, 'Virtual samples construction using image-block-stretching for face recognition', Databases Theory and Applications: Lecture Notes in Computer Science, Australasian Database Conference, Springer, Sydney, NSW, pp. 346-354.
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© Springer International Publishing AG 2016.Face recognition encounters the problem that multiple samples of the same object may be very different owing to the deformation of appearances. To synthesizing reasonable virtual samples is a good way to solve it. In this paper, we introduce the idea of image-block-stretching to generate virtual images for deformable faces. It allows the neighbored image blocks to be stretching randomly to reflect possible variations of the appearance of faces. We demonstrate that virtual images obtained using image-block-stretching and original images are complementary in representing faces. Extensive classification experiments on face databases show that the proposed virtual image scheme is very competent and can be combined with a number of classifiers, such as the sparse representation classification, to achieve surprising accuracy improvement.

Zhong, Y & Yang, Y 2016, 'A wideband integrated marchand balun in silicon technology for millimeter-wave applications', Proceedings of the 2016 18th International Conference on Electromagnetics in Advanced Applications, ICEAA 2016, pp. 913-915.
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© 2016 IEEE. This paper presents an Integrated on-chip balun design for millimeter-wave applications. The balun is designed and fabricated in a standard silicon-germanium technology. The designed balun is based on a coupled-line structure, which consists of two edge-coupled meander lines along with a solid ground plane. The simulation shows that the proposed balun covers the bandwidth from 30 GHz to above 100 GHz. Within this frequency range, the magnitude error and phase error are 0.3 dB and 4°, respectively. The insertion loss of the balun is better than 5 dB at the center of the band. The size of the balun is only 500 μm × 400 μm, excluding the pads.

Zhong, Y, Zhou, Z, Jiang, T, Heimlich, M, Dutkiewicz, E & Fang, G 2016, 'Classification of animals and people based on radio-sensor network', 2016 16th International Symposium on Communications and Information Technologies, ISCIT 2016, International Symposium on Communications and Information Technologies, IEEE, Qingdao, China, pp. 113-116.
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© 2016 IEEE.Personnel detection embedded in foliage is extremely important to border patrol, perimeter protection and search-and-rescue operations. In this paper, we explore the utility of radio-sensor network (RSN) to distinguish between humans and animals. We explore the phenomenon that signals are always affected by the presence of obstacles and identify human based on the received signals by transceivers, which leads to a potential low-cost way for personnel detection without specific sensors. In our study, the impulse radio ultra-wideband (IR-UWB) technology is selected for the RF transceiver due to the fact that it is not only energy efficient, but also robust against interferences. The principle component analysis (PCA) is applied to extract the feature vector, and a support vector machine is used as the target classifier. Experiment result with an average accuracy of 97.5% based on actual data collected in a cornfield indicates that this approach has a good capability to distinguish between human and animals in a foliage environment.

Zhou, J, Dutkiewicz, E, Liu, RP, Fang, G & Liu, Y 2016, 'Target allocation of WSN based on Parallel Chaotic Elite Quantum-Inspired Evolutionary Algorithm', 2015 15th International Symposium on Communications and Information Technologies, ISCIT 2015, International Symposium on Communications and Information Technologies, IEEE, Nara Kasugano Int Forum IRAKA, Nara, JAPAN, pp. 287-290.
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© 2015 IEEE. The target allocation problem is one of the important challenges in WSNs as sensor nodes have limited sensing and communication capabilities. In the target allocation problem, a set of targets is selected for each sensor to improve the monitoring quality as well as the energy efficiency. However, the target allocation problem is a combinatorial optimization problem, and the computational complexity is too high to consider all combinations for practical implementation. In this paper, we propose a novel Parallel Chaotic Elite Quantum-Inspired Evolutionary Algorithm (PCEQEA) for target allocation problem in WSNs. The PCEQEA combines the advantages of elite genetic algorithm and quantum-inspired evolutionary algorithm. It achieves high parallel search performance and fast convergence to global optimum solution. Simulation results demonstrate that proposed PCEQEA improves WSN detection coverage by detecting more targets than other existing schemes.

Zhou, T, Lu, Y, Di, H & Zhang, J 2016, 'Video object segmentation aggregation', Proceedings - IEEE International Conference on Multimedia and Expo (ICME) 2016, IEEE International Conference on Multimedia and Expo, IEEE, Seattle.
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© 2016 IEEE.We present an approach for unsupervised object segmentation in unconstrained videos. Driven by the latest progress in this field, we argue that segmentation performance can be largely improved by aggregating the results generated by state-of-the-art algorithms. Initially, objects in individual frames are estimated through a per-frame aggregation procedure using majority voting. While this can predict relatively accurate object location, the initial estimation fails to cover the parts that are wrongly labeled by more than half of the algorithms. To address this, we build a holistic appearance model using non-local appearance cues by linear regression. Then, we integrate the appearance priors and spatio-temporal information into an energy minimization framework to refine the initial estimation. We evaluate our method on challenging benchmark videos and demonstrate that it outperforms state-of-the-art algorithms.

Zhou, Z, Li, K, He, XS & L, M 2016, 'A Generative Model for Recognizing Mixed Group Activities in Still Images', Proceedings of the Twenty-Fifth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence, International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence, AAAI Press, New York, United States, pp. 3654-3660.
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Zhu, H, Ahmed, ES & Abbosh, AM 2016, 'Compact dual-band bandpass filter using multi-mode resonator of short-ended and open-ended coupled lines', Asia-Pacific Microwave Conference Proceedings, APMC.
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© 2015 IEEE. A compact dual-band bandpass filter using a multi-mode resonator (MMR) is proposed. The MMR is composed of two pairs of short-ended coupled-lines, two pairs of open-ended coupled lines and four connecting transmission lines. The utilized structure enables creating five transmission zeros, resulting in controllable dual bands and wide upper-stopband suppression. By adjusting the related parameters of the MMR, a dual-band BPF is designed and modelled using a full-wave simulator. The two bands of the prototyped design are centred at 2.1 GHz and 3.6 GHz, with 3-dB fractional bandwidth of 15.6% and 9.2%, respectively. The overall size of the presented filter is only 0.2×0.2 guided-wavelength at the center frequency.

Zhu, HL, Cheung, SW, Guo, YJ, Ding, C & Yuk, TI 2016, 'Aperture efficiency improvement using metasurface', Proceeding of the 10th European Conference on Antennas and Propagation, EuCAP 2016, European Conference on Antennas and Propagation, IEEE, Davos, Switzerland.
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© 2016 European Association of Antennas and Propagation.A method to improve the aperture efficiency of antennas using a non-uniform metasurface (MS) is studied in this paper. For illustration, a patch antenna and a planar MS having unit cells of square patches with different sizes are used. The sizes of the square patches on the MS follow a radial gradient index function. The aperture efficiencies of the patch antenna and the antenna using the MS are compared. For easy comparison, the patch antenna is designed to have an aperture size of λ0×λ0, where the λ0 is wavelength at the operating frequency in free space. Simulation results show that, by placing the MS atop the patch antenna with a separating distance of 35 mm, the directivity of the patch antenna can be increased from 9.7 dBi to 11.6 dBi. With the aperture size remains unchanged, the aperture efficiency of the patch antenna is increased by more than 100%.

Zhu, HL, Ding, C, Wei, G & Guo, YJ 2016, 'A novel base station antenna based on rectangular waveguide', ISAP 2016 - International Symposium on Antennas and Propagation, International Symposium on Antennas and Propagation (ISAP), IEEE, Okinawa, Japan, pp. 196-197.
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© 2016 IEICE. A novel base station antenna element is proposed. It consists of a surface of parallel strips to rotate the polarization direction and a segment of a rectangular waveguide. The surface is designed on a single-sided substrate, which has the same area as the aperture of the waveguide. In assembling, the non-copper side of the substrate is placed in direct contact with the aperture of the waveguide antenna. To achieve the polarization rotation, the parallel strips on the surface are rotated by 45° with respect to the walls of the waveguide antenna. By adding the surface, the linear polarization direction of the rectangular waveguide antenna is rotated by 45° to comply with the requirements of cellular industry. SMA connector with a conical probe is used as the coaxial-to-waveguide adaptor. Results have shown that the proposed antenna has a fractional impedance bandwidth of 35%, and a stable radiation pattern is also achieved.

Zhu, X, Yang, Y & Liu, H 2016, 'Cell-based wideband variable-gain amplifier with accurate gain adjustment in 65 nm CMOS technology', 2016 IEEE International Workshop on Electromagnetics, iWEM 2016 - Proceeding.
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© 2016 IEEE. Design of an inductor-less wideband variable-gain amplifier (VGA) using a cell-based strategy is presented. The VGA has a measured gain range of 24 dB, of which 17.3 dB is dB-linear with less than ±0.3 dB gain error. The -3 dB bandwidth is from 2 GHz to 2.2 GHz for the entire dB-linear range. An output 1 dB compression point of 1.8 dBm and a noise figure of 24 dB are measured. Due to the simple structure, the current consumption of the VGA core is only 2.9 mA from a 1.2 V supply, and the size is only 225 μm × 45 μm, excluding pads.

Zhu, X, Yang, Y & Xue, Q 2016, 'Design of an Integrated on-chip bandpass filter using inverse-coupled resonator', Proceedings - Electromagnetics in Advanced Applications (ICEAA), 2016 International Conference, International Conference on Electromagnetics in Advanced Applications (ICEAA) / IEEE-APS Topical Conference on Antennas and Propagation in Wireless Communications (IEEE APWC) / URSI Electromagnetic En, IEEE Xplore, Cairns, Queensland, Australia, pp. 860-862.
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Zhu, X, Yang, Y, Chakraborty, S, Sevimli, O, Esselle, K, Heimlich, M & Xue, Q 2016, 'An ultra-compact integrated millimeter-wave coupled-line resonator and a bandpass filter in silicon-germanium technology', Proceedings of the 2016 IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Symposium (IMS), IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Symposium, IEEE, San Francisco, CA, USA, pp. 1-4.
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An ultra-compact integrated resonator and bandpass filters (BPF), in silicon-based technology, are presented for millimetre-wave applications. The resonator consists of two broadside-coupled lines in opposite orientations. Using this resonator, a first-order and a second-order BPFs were also designed. To prove the concept, three prototypes of each of the resonator and the first-order BPF were fabricated using a standard 0.13-μm SiGe process. The measured results show that the resonator has an attenuation of 13.7 dB at the resonance frequency of 57 GHz, while the BPF has a centre frequency of 31 GHz and an insertion loss of only 2.4 dB. Excluding the pads, the chip size of both the resonator and the BPF is extremely compact, only 0.024 mm2 that is equivalent to 0.001 λg2. The unloaded Q factor of the filter is higher than other state-of-the-art designs

Ziolkowski, RW 2016, 'Generating Localized Waves from Independently Addressable Pulse Driven Arrays', 2016 IEEE ANTENNAS AND PROPAGATION SOCIETY INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM, IEEE-Antennas-and-Propagation-Society International Symposium, IEEE, Fajardo, PR, pp. 867-868.
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Ziolkowski, RW 2016, 'Metamaterial-inspired configurations to enhance the directivity of electrically small antennas', 2016 10th European Conference on Antennas and Propagation (EuCAP), European Conference on Antennas and Propagation, IEEE, IEEE, pp. 1-4.
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Ziolkowski, RW 2016, 'Passive and active metamaterial-inspired nano-scale antennas', Proceedings of the 2016 10th European Conference on Antennas and Propagation (EuCAP), European Conference on Antennas and Propagation, IEEE, Davos, Switzerland, pp. 1-3.
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A variety of open and closed multi-layered nanoparticle structures have been considered analytically and numerically for their use as scatterers and radiators. These include metamaterial-inspired structures based on dielectrics and metals excited by either plane waves or electric Hertzian dipoles at optical frequencies. Both passive and active (gain impregnated dielectric) materials have been considered. Enhanced and mitigated scattering and radiating effects have been modeled. Nano-antenna and nano-amplifier configurations for optical applications have been emphasized. A review of these modeling efforts will be presented.

Ziolkowski, RW, Kamiński, PM & Arslanagić, S 2016, 'Scattering analysis of asymmetric metamaterial resonators by the Riemann-Hilbert approach', 2016 URSI International Symposium on Electromagnetic Theory, EMTS 2016, URSI International Symposium on Electromagnetic Theory, IEEE, Crete.
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Zuo, Y, Wu, Q, An, P & Zhang, J 2016, 'Explicit measurement on depth-color inconsistency for depth completion', Proceedings of the 2016 IEEE International Conference on Image Processing (ICIP), IEEE International Conference on Image Processing, IEEE, Phoenix, AZ, USA, pp. 4037-4041.
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Color-guided depth completion is to refine depth map through structure light sensing by filling missing depth structure and de-nosing. It is based on the assumption that depth discontinuity and color edge at the corresponding location are consistent. Among all proposed methods, MRF-based method including its variants is one of major approaches. However, the assumption above is not always true, which causes texture-copy and depth discontinuity blurring artifacts. The state-of-the-art solutions usually are to modify the weighting inside smoothness term of MRF model. Because there is no any method explicitly considering the inconsistency occurring between depth discontinuity and the corresponding color edge, they cannot adaptively control the effect of guidance from color image when completing depth map. In this paper, we propose quantitative measurement on such inconsistency and explicitly embed it into weighting value of smoothness term. The proposed method is evaluated on NYU Kinect datasets and demonstrates promising results.

Zuo, Y, Wu, Q, Zhang, J & An, P 2016, 'Explicit modeling on depth-color inconsistency for color-guided depth up-sampling', Proceedings - IEEE International Conference on Multimedia and Expo, IEEE International Conference on Multimedia and Expo, IEEE, USA.
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© 2016 IEEE. Color-guided depth up-sampling is to enhance the resolution of depth map according to the assumption that the depth discontinuity and color image edge at the corresponding location are consistent. Through all methods reported, MRF including its variants is one of major approaches, which has dominated in this area for several years. However, the assumption above is not always true. Solution usually is to adjust the weighting inside smoothness term in MRF model. But there is no any method explicitly considering the inconsistency occurring between depth discontinuity and the corresponding color edge. In this paper, we propose quantitative measurement on such inconsistency and explicitly embed it into weighting value of smoothness term. Such solution has not been reported in the literature. The improved depth up-sampling based on the proposed method is evaluated on Middlebury datasets and ToFMark datasets and demonstrate promising results.

Gill, AQ 2016, 'Adaptive Enterprise Architecture Pipeline'.
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Adaptive Enterprise Architecture Pipeline for Managing EA in Higher Education.