Publications

Wang, Y, Li, Z, Liang, B, Tian, H, Guo, T & Chen, F 2025, Data Analytics for Smart Infrastructure Asset Management and Network Performance, CRC Press.
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This book presents, for the first time, data analytics for smart infrastructures.

Abeywickrama, A, Indraratna, B & Rujikiatkamjorn, C 2025, 'Experimental and Numerical Study on Cyclic Loading of Railway Subgrade' in Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, Springer Nature Singapore, pp. 219-228.
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Alagesan, S, Indraratna, B, Malisetty, RS, Qi, Y & Rujikiatkamjorn, C 2025, 'An Overview of Single-Objective Optimization Models for Assessing the Performance of Railway Ballast Under Cyclic Loading' in Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, Springer Nature Singapore, pp. 275-282.
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Alqaisi, R, Le, M-T, Khabbaz, H & Fatahi, B 2025, 'Eggshell Powder as an Ameliorating Agent for Cement-Stabilised Expansive Soil in Road Construction' in Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, Springer Nature Singapore, pp. 55-68.
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Arachchige, C, Indraratna, B, Rujikiatkamjorn, C & Qi, Y 2025, 'Utilizing Waste Rubber Derivatives in Ballasted Tracks: A Field Study' in Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, Springer Nature Singapore, pp. 31-37.
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Arivalagan, J, Rujikiatkamjorn, C, Indraratna, B & Warwick, A 2025, 'Subgrade Fluidization Under Cyclic Loading and Preventive Measure by Geosynthetics' in Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, Springer Nature Singapore, pp. 129-138.
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Atapattu, S, Indraratna, B & Rujikiatkamjorn, C 2025, 'Effect of Intermittent Rest Periods on the Accumulative Excess Pore Pressure in Railway Subgrades' in Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, Springer Nature Singapore, pp. 221-229.
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Chen, J, Indraratna, B, Vinod, JS, Ngo, NT & Liu, Y 2025, 'Dem Study on the Dynamic Performance of a Fouled Ballasted Track Under Repeated Traffic Loading' in Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, Springer Nature Singapore, pp. 21-33.
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Dai, S, He, X, Zhang, S & Sheng, D 2025, 'Experimental Study on Particle Migration in Saturated Sandy-Silt Mixtures Under Cyclic Loading' in Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, Springer Nature Singapore, pp. 9-18.
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Dissanayake, S, Indraratna, B, Rujikiatkamjorn, C & Abeywickrama, A 2025, 'Behaviour of Soft Soil Improved with Prefabricated Vertical Drains in Railways Under Cyclic Loading' in Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, Springer Nature Singapore, pp. 77-84.
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Doan, T, Indraratna, B, Nguyen, TT & Rujikiatkamjorn, C 2025, 'A Coupled CFD-DEM Approach to Examine Clogging Behaviour of Granular Medium by Fines' in Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, Springer Nature Singapore, pp. 1-9.
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Ghosh, S, Bhattacharya, S, Roy, P, Pal, U & Blumenstein, M 2025, '$$\lambda $$-Color: Amplifying Long-Range Dependencies for Image Colorization' in Lecture Notes in Computer Science, Springer Nature Switzerland, pp. 172-187.
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Hettiyahandi, S, Indraratna, B, Ngo, T, Qi, Y & Arachchige, C 2025, 'The Effect of Recycled-Rubber Energy Absorbing Grids on the Performance of Railway Ballast: A Review' in Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, Springer Nature Singapore, pp. 23-30.
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Hunt, H, Indraratna, B & Qi, Y 2025, 'Predicting the Shear Strength of Granular Waste Materials Using Machine Learning' in Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, Springer Nature Singapore, pp. 155-163.
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Indraratna, B, Qi, Y & Rujikiatkamjorn, C 2025, 'A Synthetic Energy- Absorbing Layer for Rail Tracks (Solution 2: CW–RC Mixtures)' in Waste Materials Utilisation for Transport Infrastructure, CRC Press, pp. 55-70.
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Indraratna, B, Qi, Y & Rujikiatkamjorn, C 2025, 'A Synthetic Energy-Absorbing Layer for Rail Tracks (Solution 1: SFS + CW + RC Mixtures)' in Waste Materials Utilisation for Transport Infrastructure, CRC Press, pp. 27-54.
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Indraratna, B, Qi, Y & Rujikiatkamjorn, C 2025, 'CW-based Waste Granular Materials for Roads and Port Reclamation' in Waste Materials Utilisation for Transport Infrastructure, CRC Press, pp. 4-26.
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Indraratna, B, Qi, Y & Rujikiatkamjorn, C 2025, 'Introduction' in Waste Materials Utilisation for Transport Infrastructure, CRC Press, pp. 1-3.
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Indraratna, B, Qi, Y & Rujikiatkamjorn, C 2025, 'Modelling the Behaviour of Industry Wastes' in Waste Materials Utilisation for Transport Infrastructure, CRC Press, pp. 187-196.
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Indraratna, B, Qi, Y & Rujikiatkamjorn, C 2025, 'Rubber Intermixed Ballast System (RIBS)' in Waste Materials Utilisation for Transport Infrastructure, CRC Press, pp. 87-99.
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Indraratna, B, Qi, Y & Rujikiatkamjorn, C 2025, 'Under Sleeper Pad (USP) and Under Ballast Mat (UBM)' in Waste Materials Utilisation for Transport Infrastructure, CRC Press, pp. 100-116.
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Indraratna, B, Qi, Y & Rujikiatkamjorn, C 2025, 'Use of Recycled Rubber Elements in Tracks (Rubber Geogrid, Tyre Cells, and Truck Tyre Segments)' in Waste Materials Utilisation for Transport Infrastructure, CRC Press, pp. 71-86.
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Indraratna, B, Qi, Y & Rujikiatkamjorn, C 2025, 'Utilisation of Waste Materials for Transport Infrastructure' in Waste Materials Utilisation for Transport Infrastructure, CRC Press, pp. 117-133.
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Iqbal, A, Medawela, S & Indraratna, B 2025, 'Impacts of Acidic Soil on Infrastructure Development' in Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, Springer Nature Singapore, pp. 321-331.
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Jayasuriya, C, Arachchige, C & Indraratna, B 2025, 'Application of Elastic Inclusions to Improve Ballasted Track Performances' in Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, Springer Nature Singapore, pp. 109-116.
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Jazebi, M, Indraratna, B, Malisetty, RS & Rujikiatkamjorn, C 2025, 'Numerical Modelling of Jointed Rock Foundation Under Heavy Haul Train Loading' in Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, Springer Nature Singapore, pp. 53-60.
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Malisetty, RS, Indraratna, B, Qi, Y & Rujikiatkamjorn, C 2025, 'Estimating the Shakedown Limit for Granular Materials Under Cyclic Loading' in Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, Springer Nature Singapore, pp. 183-191.
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Medawela, S & Indraratna, B 2025, 'Improving Low-Lying Acidic Floodplains for Infrastructure Development' in Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, Springer Nature Singapore, pp. 135-143.
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Ngo, T & Indraratna, B 2025, 'Numerical Analysis for Ballasted Rail Tracks: Coupled DEM-FEM Approach' in Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, Springer Nature Singapore, pp. 35-41.
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Nguyen, TT, Indraratna, B & Gedela, R 2025, 'Enhanced Cyclic Resistance of Low Plasticity Soil Using Biopolymer' in Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, Springer Nature Singapore, pp. 197-204.
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Nimbalkar, S, Farooq, MA, Punetha, P & Meena, NK 2025, 'Computational Models and Applications in Railway Geotechnics' in Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, Springer Nature Singapore, pp. 1-11.
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Nimbalkar, S, Punetha, P, Meena, NK & Farooq, MA 2025, 'Recent Advances in Computational Methods, Predictions, and Applications to Critical Zones in Railways' in Recent Advances and Innovative Developments in Transportation Geotechnics, Springer Nature Singapore, pp. 191-201.
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Priya, K, Adak, C, Chaudhuri, BB & Blumenstein, M 2025, 'Handwriting Intra-Variability Across Surface Transitions: Implications for Writer Identification' in Lecture Notes in Computer Science, Springer Nature Switzerland, pp. 196-208.
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Punetha, P & Nimbalkar, S 2025, 'Three-Dimensional Finite Element Modelling of Sealed and Unsealed Roads Considering Effects of Moving Wheel Loads' in Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, Springer Nature Singapore, pp. 113-120.
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Riyad, ASM, Qi, Y, Arachchige, CK, Indraratna, B & Khabbaz, H 2025, 'Predicting the Behavior of a Synthetic Energy Absorbing Layer for Subballast Using Nor-Sand Model' in Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, Springer Nature Singapore, pp. 71-76.
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Roy, A, Palaiahnakote, S, Pal, U, Antonacopoulos, A & Blumenstein, M 2025, 'XLSI: A New Xception and Log Polar Transform Based Approach for Scene Text Script Identification' in Lecture Notes in Computer Science, Springer Nature Switzerland, pp. 183-198.
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Roy, P, Bhattacharya, S, Ghosh, S, Pal, U & Blumenstein, M 2025, 'd-Sketch: Improving Visual Fidelity of Sketch-to-Image Translation with Pretrained Latent Diffusion Models without Retraining' in Lecture Notes in Computer Science, Springer Nature Switzerland, pp. 277-292.
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Roy, P, Bhattacharya, S, Ghosh, S, Pal, U & Blumenstein, M 2025, 'Semantically Consistent Person Image Generation' in Lecture Notes in Computer Science, Springer Nature Switzerland, pp. 293-309.
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Rujikiatkamjorn, C, Xue, J & Indraratna, B 2025, 'Preface', pp. v-vi.

Siddiqui, AR, Indraratna, B, Ngo, T & Rujikiatkamjorn, C 2025, 'Recycled Rubber Grids for Improved Performance of Ballasted Tracks' in Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, Springer Nature Singapore, pp. 311-320.
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Silva, IN, Indraratna, B, Nguyen, TT & Rujikiatkamjorn, C 2025, 'Role of Fabric on the Shear Behaviour of Subgrade Soil under Cyclic Loading' in Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, Springer Nature Singapore, pp. 211-220.
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Singh, M, Indraratna, B, Rujikiatkamjorn, C & Nguyen, TT 2025, 'Subgrade Instability and Stiffness Degradation of Subgrade Soils Prone to Fluidisation' in Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, Springer Nature Singapore, pp. 263-272.
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Soundararajan, S, Raychowdhury, P & Nimbalkar, S 2025, 'Performance Assessment of Existing Railway Track Subjected to Varying Train Speed' in Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, Springer Nature Singapore, pp. 129-136.
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Vaseghi, S, Sheng, D, Kodikara, J & Khabbaz, H 2025, 'Effect of Principal Stress Rotation on Plastic Strain Accumulation in Granular Materials' in Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, Springer Nature Singapore, pp. 11-20.
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Wang, ZZ, Al-Tabbaa, A, Hakim, B & Indraratna, B 2025, 'Data-Driven Pavement Performance Modelling: A Short Review' in Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, Springer Nature Singapore, pp. 231-239.
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Xu, B-H, Indraratna, B, Rujikiatkamjorn, C, He, N & Nguyen, TT 2025, 'Spectral-Based Solutions for Consolidation Analysis of Multilayered Soil under Various Drainage Boundary Conditions' in Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, Springer Nature Singapore, pp. 17-28.
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Achu, AL, Aju, CD, Raicy, MC, Bhadran, A, George, A, Surendran, U, Girishbai, D, Ajayakumar, P, Gopinath, G & Pradhan, B 2025, 'Improved flood risk assessment using multi-model ensemble machine-learning techniques in a tropical river basin of Southern India', Physical Geography, vol. 46, no. 2, pp. 127-155.
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Ahangama, I, Meedeniya, D & Pradhan, B 2025, 'Explainable image segmentation for spatio-temporal and multivariate image data in precipitation nowcasting', Results in Engineering, vol. 26, pp. 105595-105595.
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Akbarzadeh, M, Oberst, S & Halkon, B 2025, 'Manipulation of an acoustically levitated object using externally excited standing waves', The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, vol. 157, no. 3, pp. 1852-1861.
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Ultrasonic standing waves can be used to manipulate the position and control the movement of levitated objects through acoustic radiation forces. Within this context, the theory of the Gor'kov potential function and its acoustic contrast factor are revisited, considering the scenario of a harmonic disturbance to the standing wave and its influence on the levitated spherical object. This disturbance causes a levitated object—trapped within a standing, plane ultrasonic wave field in an ideal fluid—to undergo oscillations in sympathy with the resulting motion of the wave field. In this paper, we determine how the acoustic contrast factor depends on the properties of the object, the fluid and the external excitation, in combination. We show that positive, negative, and zero acoustic radiation forces can be achieved, causing the object to be pushed towards the nearest pressure or velocity node. We experimentally verify—through external excitation of an ultrasonic standing wave generator—that the disturbance vibration frequency and amplitude are transmitted to the object. The dependence on the external excitation amplitude and force reversal are novel features that can be employed in acoustic manipulation for non-contact dynamic characterization of small objects.

Alagesan, S, Indraratna, B, Malisetty, RS, Qi, Y & Rujikiatkamjorn, C 2025, 'Prediction of rail ballast breakage using a hybrid ML methodology', Transportation Geotechnics, vol. 52, pp. 101555-101555.
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Alsenwi, M, Abolhasan, M & Lipman, J 2025, 'RIS-UAV Integration for Enhanced Coverage and Energy-Efficient 6G Wireless Networks', IEEE Transactions on Green Communications and Networking, pp. 1-1.
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Amiri, M, Abolhasan, M, Shariati, N & Lipman, J 2025, 'Development of a polarization-neutral metamaterial absorber for efficient low-power EM energy harvesting', Sensors and Actuators A: Physical, vol. 381, pp. 116055-116055.
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Arachchige, SM, Pradhan, B & Park, H-J 2025, 'A critical review of hurricane risk assessment models and predictive frameworks', Geoscience Frontiers, vol. 16, no. 3, pp. 102012-102012.
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Basack, S & Khabbaz, H 2025, 'Analytical solution for single pile in two-layered soil subjected to torsion', Geomechanics and Geoengineering, vol. 20, no. 3, pp. 618-634.
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Bhandari, S, Fatahi, B, Nguyen, LD & Karimi, R 2025, 'Cyclic and post-cyclic responses of cement-treated landfill waste under triaxial testing', Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering, vol. 197, pp. 109525-109525.
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Bibi, H, Abolhasan, M, Lipman, J, Abdollahi, M & Ni, W 2025, 'A comprehensive survey on privacy-preserving technologies for Smart Grids', Computers and Electrical Engineering, vol. 124, pp. 110371-110371.
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Bidwai, P, Gite, S, Pradhan, B & Almari, A 2025, 'Explainable Diabetic Retinopathy Detection Using a Distributed CNN and LightGBM Framework', Computers, Materials & Continua, vol. 84, no. 2, pp. 2645-2676.
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Cai, G-Q, Diao, X-F, He, X-Z, Gao, S & Liu, T 2025, 'Micromechanical analysis of contact erosion under cyclic loads using the coupled CFD–DEM method', Géotechnique, vol. 75, no. 5, pp. 649-672.
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Different layers of soil often have distinct particle sizes. When exposed to the natural environment, soil is easily affected by natural rainfall, rising groundwater levels and human activities, leading to particle contact erosion, which reduces the safety and service performance of the soil structure. In this paper, a coupled computational fluid dynamics–discrete-element method (CFD–DEM) model was employed to investigate the particle migration phenomena, mechanical response of contact interfaces, variations in flow fields and macroscopic deformation during the contact erosion process under cyclic loads at different frequencies and amplitudes. The conclusions are presented as follows. (a) Within one cycle of cyclic loading, both compression during loading and stress relaxation during unloading are the main factors triggering the migration of fine particles. (b) The migration and loss of fine particles mainly occur in the early stages of cyclic loading, where strong contact force chains are formed within the fine particle layer, leading to significant plastic deformation of the soil at the macroscopic level. (c) Under cyclic loading, changes in the soil pore structure cause an upwards hydraulic gradient in the initial quiescent water flow field. This hydraulic gradient can rupture weak contact force chains and cause particle pumping. (d) Increasing the frequency and amplitude of cyclic loading intensifies the erosion of fine particles, causing greater axial deformation of the soil. Compared to cyclic loading frequency, the amplitude of cyclic loading has a greater impact on contact erosion.

Canda, E, Nguyen, QD, San Nicolas, R, Rasekh, H & Castel, A 2025, 'Effect of calcined clay reactivity on the risk of restrained shrinkage‐induced early‐age concrete cracking', Structural Concrete, vol. 26, no. 2, pp. 1892-1910.
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AbstractA combination of limestone and calcined clay has emerged as a promising supplementary cementitious material due to its abundant availability to replace traditional supplementary cementitious materials such as fly ash or ground‐granulated blast‐furnace slag in reducing concrete's carbon footprint. Although different properties have been considered, very limited attention was paid to the early‐age cracking behavior of limestone calcined clay cement (LC3) concretes. This study aims to investigate the influence of calcined clay reactivity on the early‐age cracking potential of LC3 concretes using the restrained ring test. Mechanical properties, time to cracking, tensile creep coefficient, and total shrinkage were measured. Results showed that the reactivity of calcined clay significantly impacted total shrinkage, creep coefficients, and time to cracking. LC3 concretes exhibited higher tensile creep coefficients than pure ordinary Portland cement concrete, which can provide beneficial tensile stress relaxation delaying concrete cracking. An apparent calcined clay reactivity coefficient (Rapp) was proposed correlating well with the time to cracking of the restrained LC3 concrete rings, thus offering practical guidance for the selection of suitable calcined clays and mix designs for specific high‐risk applications.

Cecilio, MO, Indraratna, B, Rujikiatkamjorn, C & Malisetty, RS 2025, 'Dynamic stress analysis of rock joints under railway loading', Géotechnique, vol. 75, no. 4, pp. 529-549.
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The proper estimation of stresses generated by the passage of a train is fundamentally important to the serviceability and longevity of railways, and yet very limited knowledge is available where the track substructure is built on a jointed rock mass. The present study introduces an analytical solution for estimating the ground stresses arising from moving wheel loads, causing a change in the three-dimensional stress state in the track formation, in relation to the stress variation with depth and along the longitudinal track section – that is, the direction of train passage. Based on 21 case histories, an array of field measurements and numerical simulations covering a wide range of freight tonnage, train speeds and different formation conditions were considered to validate the proposed analytical solution. The proposed methodology (analytical solution) was then applied to a jointed rock subgrade to determine the normal and shear stresses acting along a specific discontinuity plane. The main analytical outcome demonstrates that the orthogonal vertical and shear stresses present different and phase-shifted history plots for homogeneous ground conditions with principal stresses rotation. However, conversely for a jointed subgrade, the normal and shear stresses along the discontinuity have the same history plot pattern and are in phase. As a practical guide, the results from this study would help to define which cyclic loads should be applied in laboratory tests to simulate realistic traffic patterns of trains travelling over a jointed rock subgrade.

Chandra, N, Vaidya, H, Sawant, S, Gite, S & Pradhan, B 2025, 'Attention Driven YOLOv5 Network for Enhanced Landslide Detection Using Satellite Imagery of Complex Terrain', Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, vol. 143, no. 3, pp. 3351-3375.
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Chen, J, Indraratna, B & Ngo, T 2025, 'Assessing the Macro to Micro Properties of Recycled Ballast Mixtures by DEM Analyses for Enhanced Railroad Engineering', Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering, vol. 151, no. 6.
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Chen, J, Indraratna, B, Vinod, JS, Ngo, T & Liu, Y 2025, 'Effects of Particle Shape on the Shear Behavior and Breakage of Ballast: A DEM Approach', International Journal of Geomechanics, vol. 25, no. 1.
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Chen, K, He, X, Liang, F & Sheng, D 2025, 'Strength and dilatancy of an unsaturated expansive soil at high suction levels', Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering, vol. 17, no. 8, pp. 5079-5088.
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Chen, Q, Xiong, Z, Tao, G, Tian, Z & Nimbalkar, S 2025, 'Strength, Durability, Corrosion Resistance, and Microstructure of Cemented Soil Incorporating Nano-MgO under Static and Cyclic Loading: A Laboratory Study', Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering, vol. 37, no. 4.
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Chen, Z, Ji, JC, Ni, Q, Ye, B, Ding, X & Yu, W 2025, 'Bi-structural spatial–temporal network for few-shot fault diagnosis of rotating machinery', Mechanical Systems and Signal Processing, vol. 227, pp. 112378-112378.
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Cheng, K, Duan, M, Indraratna, B & Nguyen, TT 2025, 'Critical Examination of Internal Stability Criteria for Granular Soils and Development of a Coupled PSD-CSD Approach', Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering, vol. 151, no. 9.
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Cullen, M & Ji, JC 2025, 'Online defect detection and penetration estimation system for gas metal arc welding', The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, vol. 136, no. 5-6, pp. 2143-2164.
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Dai, S, Gao, F, Niu, G, He, X, Zhang, S & Sheng, D 2025, 'Dynamics of particle segregation and its impact on mechanical properties', Acta Geotechnica, vol. 20, no. 5, pp. 1991-2007.
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Abstract Particle segregation is a widespread phenomenon in nature. Vertical vibration systems have been a focal point in studying particle segregation, providing valuable insights into the mechanisms and patterns that influence this process. However, despite extensive research on the mechanisms and patterns of particle separation, the consequences, particularly the mechanical properties of samples resulting from particle segregation, remain less understood. This study aims to investigate the segregation process of a binary mixture under vertical vibration and examine the consequences through monotonic and cyclic triaxial drained tests. The results reveal that large and small particles segregate nearly simultaneously, with more thorough separation observed for large particles. The segregation index, D s , effectively describes this evolution process, offering a quantitative metric for both mixing and segregation. Granular temperature analysis unveils three distinct states during segregation: solid-like, fluid-like, and solid–liquid transitional phase, corresponding to varying activity levels of particle segregation. Drained triaxial shear tests demonstrate the sensitivity of stress–strain relationships to the degree of segregation. Interestingly, ultimate strength is found to be essentially unrelated to the degree of segregation. When the segregation index approaches zero, signifying particles approaching a uniform distribution, the granular system reaches a harmonic state. This state exhibits optimal mechanical performance characterised by maximum peak stress, friction angle, and the highest elastic modulus. These findings underscore the potential impact of segregation on the mechanical response of granular mixtures and emphasise the necessity of a comprehensive understanding of particle segregatio...

Dai, S, He, X, Gao, F, Zhong, W, Zheng, Y & Zhang, S 2025, 'Laboratory model test of contact erosion in railway substructure', Transportation Geotechnics, vol. 51, pp. 101499-101499.
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Dai, S, Shan, F, Xiong, H, Zhang, S, He, X & Sheng, D 2025, 'Evolution of pore structure and flow properties in particle segregation', Journal of Hydrology, vol. 652, pp. 132651-132651.
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Deng, Z, Nguyen, QD, Mahmood, AH, Pang, Y, Shi, T & Sheng, D 2025, 'Piezoresistivity assessment of self-sensing asphalt-based pavements with machine learning algorithm', Construction and Building Materials, vol. 468, pp. 140291-140291.
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Diao, X, Cai, G, Liu, T, Li, F, He, X & Yang, R 2025, 'Microscopic analysis of erosion in gap-graded soil using a coupled VOF-DEM method', International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, vol. 251, pp. 127319-127319.
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Diao, X, Cai, G, Yang, R & He, X 2025, 'Contact erosion of soil layers with different water table levels under cyclic loading using VOF-DEM coupled method', Computers and Geotechnics, vol. 180, pp. 107090-107090.
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Doan, T, Indraratna, B, Nguyen, TT & Rujikiatkamjorn, C 2025, 'Coupled CFD-DEM modelling of clogging of granular columns by cohesive fines', Computers and Geotechnics, vol. 177, pp. 106902-106902.
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Dong, Z-L, Tong, C-X, Zhang, S, Cheng, YP & Sheng, D 2025, 'Strength and dilatancy of crushable soils with different gradings', Canadian Geotechnical Journal, vol. 62, pp. 1-21.
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Peak strength and dilatancy of granular materials generally decrease with increasing mean effective stress, and such a decrease will be enhanced due to the occurrence of particle breakage. This paper presents a simple empirical approach to modify Bolton’s original strength and dilatancy equation for crushable soils with different crushability. The proposed approach is based on data of a series of drained triaxial tests on carbonate soils with five different particle size distributions and three initial relative densities. It is also validated against other published experimental data on various crushable soils, including carbonate soils, limestones, coarse aggregates, and silica sands. The modified relation retains a similar form to Bolton’s equation with only one additional parameter introduced. As a result, the crushing strength-related parameter in the original relation is modified to incorporate the impacts of particle shape, gradings, and mineralogy on particle breakage. This modified parameter tends to increase as soil crushability decreases, which keeps a similar physical meaning to Bolton’s crushing strength-related parameter, and is suitable for a wider range of crushable soils with different gradings. The proposed strength and dilatancy equation for crushable soils yields to Bolton’s equation for strong soil particles where particle breakage is negligible.

Du, T-K, Lin, Y, Ji, J-C & Ding, H 2025, 'Series gravity-based track nonlinear energy Sinks: Design and experiment', Mechanical Systems and Signal Processing, vol. 229, pp. 112559-112559.
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Fairley, N, Fatahi, B & Hokmabadi, AS 2025, 'Impacts of Transition Piece Designs on the Resilience of Large Offshore Wind Turbines Subject to Combined Earthquake, Wind and Wave Loads and Soil‐Structure Interaction', Earthquake Engineering & Structural Dynamics, vol. 54, no. 3, pp. 773-798.
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ABSTRACTThe urgent global drive to mitigate greenhouse gas emissions has significantly boosted renewable energy production, notably expanding offshore wind energy across the globe. With the technological evolution enabling higher‐capacity turbines on larger foundations, these installations are increasingly situated in earthquake‐prone areas, underscoring the critical need to ensure their seismic resilience as they become a pivotal component of the global energy infrastructure. This study scrutinises the dynamic behaviour of a 15 MW offshore wind turbine (OWT) under concurrent earthquake, wind and wave loads, focusing on the performance of the ultra‐high‐strength cementitious grout that bonds the monopile to the transition piece. Employing LS DYNA for numerical simulations, we explored the seismic responses of four OWT designs with diverse transition piece cone angles, incorporating nonlinear soil springs to model soil‐structure interactions (SSIs) and conducting a site response analysis (SRA) to account for local site effects on ground motion amplification. Our findings reveal that transition pieces with larger cone angles exhibit substantially enhanced stress distribution and resistance to grout damage, evidenced by decreased ovalisation in the coned sections of the transition piece and monopile, and improved bending flexibility. The observed disparities in damage across different cone angles highlight shortcomings in current design guidelines pertaining to the prediction of grout stresses in conical transition piece designs, with the current code‐specified calculations predicting higher stresses for transition piece designs with larger cone angles. This study also highlights the code's limitations when accounting for grout damage induced by stress concentrations in the grouted connections under seismic dynamic loading conditions. The results of the study demonstrate the need for refinement of these guidelines to improv...

Farooq, H & Nimbalkar, S 2025, 'Viscoelastoplastic model for an integrated tunnel-track system in weak rock formations', Computers and Geotechnics, vol. 186, pp. 107433-107433.
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Ge, M, Pineda, JA, Burton, GJ, Sheng, D & Li, N 2025, 'Stress-path-dependent behaviour of compacted loess', Canadian Geotechnical Journal, vol. 62, pp. 1-19.
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This paper describes an experimental study aimed at evaluating the effects of mechanical and hydraulic paths on the compressibility and water retention behaviour of compacted loess from Xi'an, China. Suction-controlled oedometer tests, performed on statically compacted samples, are combined with mercury intrusion porosimetry (MIP) tests to evaluate the volumetric behaviour as well as the evolution of soil fabric for the compacted material. Oedometer test results are analyzed in the degree of saturation versus suction plane, using the water retention curve (WRC) for as-compacted material as reference. Negligible volume change, and hence no movement of the as-compacted WRC, is observed upon drying paths under low stresses. Wetting paths cause plastic deformations and hence the movement of the water retention curve. Soil densification shifts the WRC rightwards (in the degree of saturation versus suction plane), enlarging the air entry/air occlusion values and promoting steeper wetting and drying branches. MIP tests show that specimens subjected to drying and loading paths retain their as-compacted bi-modal pore size distribution (PSD). However, re-arrangement in soil fabric towards predominant mono-modal PSDs is observed in specimens wetted and loaded. Soil suction increases the compressibility and the yield stress of compacted loess. These experimental features are properly captured using an elasto-plastic constitutive model for nonactive soils that accounts for the evolution of the loading-collapse (LC) yield locus with plastic deformation.

Ge, M, Zhu, C, Sheng, D, Pineda, J & Li, N 2025, 'Study on the gas permeability of unsaturated compacted loess and its underlying micro-mechanism', Yanshilixue Yu Gongcheng Xuebao Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering, vol. 44, no. 1, pp. 221-235.
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Aiming to investigate the gas permeability of unsaturated soil and its underlying micro-mechanism，the gas permeability coefficients of compacted loess under various initial states，along wetting/drying，and constant stress ratio compression paths were examined in this study by utilizing a modified gas permeation device. The Mercury Intrusion Porosimetry(MIP) technique was employed to further examine the microstructure changes of compacted losses，thereby analyzing the micro-mechanism of air permeation. The test results indicate that the gas permeability coefficient(keff) of compacted loess varies within the range of 10^－12 to10^－15 m² in response to the increasing compaction saturation degree(Sr0). At low dry densities，keff exhibits an initial rise followed by a decline as Sr0 increases，whereas at high dry densities，a nonlinear decrement is observed. Wetting significantly reduces keff of compacted loess by up to three orders of magnitude，with a rapid decrease after the wetting saturation degree reaches 0.65. Conversely，drying improves gas permeability，but its impact is much less significant than that of wetting. Under constant stress ratio compression，keff decreases exponentially with increasing stress，and the decrease is more pronounced at lower stress ratios. The MIP test results reveal that the macro porosity first increases and then decreases with the increase of Sr0. Wetting has a minor effect on the pore size distribution curve(PSD)，while drying can increase macro porosity. Under similar state，the as-compacted soil exhibits more macropore structures compared to the after-wetting soil，while less macropore structures compared to the after-drying soil. The constant stress ratio compression results in a reduction of macropores，with a greater reduction at lower stress ratio. According to the variation of keff，the gas permeability of unsat...

Ghosh, S, Bhattacharya, S, Roy, P, Pal, U & Blumenstein, M 2025, 'MMC: Multi-modal colorization of images using textual description', Signal, Image and Video Processing, vol. 19, no. 2.
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Guo, X-Y, Fang, S-E, Zhu, X & Li, J 2025, 'A semi-Markov process based digital twin for safety evaluation of cable-stayed bridges with cable corrosion', Advanced Engineering Informatics, vol. 65, pp. 103270-103270.
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The cables of a cable-stayed bridge are susceptible to structural degradation due to environmental corrosion and fatigue, which directly affects the safety and operational performance of the bridge. As the process of the degradation in practice is very slow, it is difficult to be monitored during the bridge service life. Hence, this study aims to develop a novel semi-Markov process based digital twin (DT) framework for safety evaluation of cable-stayed bridges considering cable corrosion. The framework encompasses a physical twin layer, a DT layer and the information interaction medium. The physical twin layer mainly comprises the bridge physical entity and its associated monitoring system that provides a variety of perceptual data for DT modeling. In the DT layer, the DT model acts as a virtual counterpart of the physical bridge for mirroring and forecasting the bridge's mechanical behaviors. The information interaction medium plays a crucial role in the bidirectional information communication between the physical and digital twin layers. Two types of information interaction media have been utilized including a cable force influence matrix and a semi-Markov process. The former enables updating the DT model to precisely match the data measured from the physical bridge. Meanwhile, the semi-Markov process depicts the probability of the bridge's condition considering the cable corrosion during the different service periods. The proposed procedure can predict the bridge state and evaluate the safety by comparing the predicted state with the monitored values. The proposed framework has been successfully validated on a real-world cable-stayed bridge. The results showed the proposed DT framework was reliable and effective for evaluating the bridge condition.

Haeri, H, Fu, J, Sarfarazi, V, Abharian, S, rasekh, H, Rezaei, M & Khandelwal, M 2025, 'Surgical face masks as reinforcement to improve the tensile mode fracture toughness of reinforced concrete under three-point bending tests', Engineering Fracture Mechanics, vol. 314, pp. 110741-110741.
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Hassani, S, Mustapha, S, Li, J, Mousavi, M & Dackermann, U 2025, 'Next-generation coupled structure-human sensing technology: Enhanced pedestrian-bridge interaction analysis using data fusion and machine learning', Information Fusion, vol. 118, pp. 102983-102983.
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He, B, Li, J, Armaghani, DJ, Hashim, H, He, X, Pradhan, B & Sheng, D 2025, 'The deep continual learning framework for prediction of blast-induced overbreak in tunnel construction', Expert Systems with Applications, vol. 264, pp. 125909-125909.
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He, X, Cai, G & Sheng, D 2025, 'Indirect models for SWCC parameters: reducing prediction uncertainty with machine learning', Computers and Geotechnics, vol. 177, pp. 106823-106823.
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Hettiyahandi, S, Indraratna, B, Ngo, T, Qi, Y & Arachchige, C 2025, 'Enhancing Rail Track Performance Using Recycled Rubber Energy-Absorbing Grids: Laboratory and Field Evidence', Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering, vol. 151, no. 7.
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Hoque, MA-A, Sardar, ML, Mukul, SA & Pradhan, B 2025, 'Mapping dengue susceptibility in Dhaka city: a geospatial multi-criteria approach integrating environmental and demographic factors', Spatial Information Research, vol. 33, no. 4.
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Abstract Dengue, a rapidly spreading mosquito-borne disease, poses a serious public health threat in tropical cities like Dhaka, Bangladesh—one of the world’s most densely populated megacities. In 2023 alone, Dhaka experienced its worst outbreak, recording 321,179 cases and 1,705 deaths. This study aims to assess dengue susceptibility across Dhaka using a geospatial Multi-Criteria Decision-Making (MCDM) approach. Fourteen environmental and demographic factors were selected, and thematic raster layers were developed and weighted using the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). These layers were integrated to generate spatial dengue susceptibility maps, highlighting risk zones across the city. Findings reveal that southern and southeastern Dhaka, particularly under the South City Corporation, are highly susceptible based on environmental factors. Demographic analysis shows moderate to very high susceptibility in central and southern wards, with population density and proximity to waterlogged areas identified as key drivers. The model was validated through field surveys with 80 stakeholders, with 67.5% agreeing with the susceptibility classifications. This study provides a scalable and transferable framework for dengue risk assessment and can inform targeted interventions in other endemic regions. The results offer critical guidance for urban health planning, vector control, and resource allocation to mitigate dengue and similar vector-borne diseases.

Hu, Z, Chen, Q, Xu, C, Nimbalkar, S & Huang, N 2025, 'Effectiveness and Optimization Analysis of Vibration Isolation Performance of Circular and Rectangular Hollow Pipes: Numerical Modeling', International Journal of Geomechanics, vol. 25, no. 4.
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Huynh, TQ, Nguyen, TT & Indraratna, B 2025, 'Evaluating cohesive models in discrete element simulation through drawdown test with new assessment perspectives', Powder Technology, vol. 452, pp. 120542-120542.
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Indraratna, B, Arachchige, CMK, Rujikiatkamjorn, C, Ngo, T, Qi, Y & Tucho, A 2025, 'Effects of rubber-intermixed ballast on train loading response through field monitoring in Western Sydney', Canadian Geotechnical Journal, vol. 62, pp. 1-20.
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The use of waste tyres in transportation infrastructure promotes environmentally sustainable engineering practices and reduces the cost of transportation and disposal. Laboratory testing has shown that a Rubber Intermixed Ballast System (RIBS) has significant advantages over conventional ballast. This study extends the evaluation of RIBS via a fully instrumented field trial near Western Sydney to assess its compatibility and efficiency under real-life conditions. The trial revealed a beneficial redistribution of stress along the depth of the track, despite an initial increase in deformation during construction and stabilizing the track in the initial loading phases. The measured acceleration response indicated a reduction of ground vibrations in the RIBS track, while the reduced particle breakage suggested its lifespan would exceed that of conventional ballast. Finite element modelling (FEM) of the RIBS track, calibrated with large-scale triaxial tests and field data, was carried out under moving wheel loads to compare its performance with a conventional ballasted track. The FEM simulations highlighted the differences in vertical stress and track settlement at varying train speeds. These findings indicate that RIBS support a circular economy and also offer a sustainable approach to stabilizing ballasted tracks by enhancing their longevity and reducing their maintenance costs.

Indraratna, B, Hunt, H, Malisetty, RS, Alagesan, S, Qi, Y & Rujikiatkamjorn, C 2025, 'Optimization of inputs for the application of ANN to rail track granular materials', Canadian Geotechnical Journal, vol. 62, pp. 1-22.
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Machine learning (ML) models such as artificial neural networks (ANNs) have gained increasing popularity in geotechnical engineering applications as an alternative to conventional empirical and computational models. At present, very few ML models exist for predicting the mechanical responses of track granular materials such as ballast and subballast which may even comprise of composite mixtures of blended granular materials. Moreover, the performance of any ML model depends not only on the quality and quantity of available data but also on the selection process for input parameters, which often lacks adequate justification in the past literature. In this context, the current study introduces ANN models for track granular materials based on published laboratory data with special emphasis on the selection of an optimal set of input parameters. Two applications of ANN are considered to (i) predict the peak friction angle ([Formula: see text]) of a variety of granular mixtures under static loading and (ii) predict ballast breakage under cyclic loading. The selection process involves prudent analysis of key influential parameters in a geotechnical perspective, while also ensuring that they are conveniently measurable. Performance evaluation of these models with various input combinations is carried out, while proposing optimal input parameters for both applications.

Indraratna, B, Mehmood, F, Ngo, T, Rujikiatkamjorn, C & Grant, J 2025, 'Performance of Tire Cell Foundation as a Subballast Capping Layer under Cyclic Train Loading', Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering, vol. 151, no. 1.
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Jacob, PE, Choudhary, N, Dikshit, A, Evans, JP, Pradhan, B & Huete, AR 2025, 'Flash drought prediction using deep learning', Environmental Research Letters, vol. 20, no. 7, pp. 074006-074006.
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Abstract Flash droughts are rapid, short-term drought events that develop within weeks, driven by factors such as low rainfall, high temperatures, and strong winds, which deplete soil moisture and stress vegetation. These events have profound agricultural, economic, and ecological impacts, yet the use of machine learning to predict flash droughts remains underexplored, hindered by challenges like imbalanced datasets and limited data. This study addresses these issues by applying Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) to predict flash droughts in Eastern Australia, a region prone to such events. We identified flash droughts from 2001 to 2022, training the model with data from 2001–2015, validating it on 2016–2017 data, and testing it on 2018–2022 data. The model’s performance was evaluated across drought duration, spatial distribution, and seasonal variability. Achieving a balanced accuracy of 80% and an Area under the curve of 93%, the CNN demonstrated strong predictive capability. However, it tended to overestimate the spatial extent of droughts, indicating areas for future improvement. These results highlight the potential of deep learning in flash drought prediction, offering valuable insights for early warning systems and drought management strategies.

Jadhav, P, Sairam, VA, Bhojane, N, Singh, A, Gite, S, Pradhan, B, Bachute, M & Alamri, A 2025, 'Multimodal Gas Detection Using E-Nose and Thermal Images: An Approach Utilizing SRGAN and Sparse Autoencoder', Computers, Materials & Continua, vol. 83, no. 2, pp. 3493-3517.
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Jafaryahya, J, Keshavarz, R, Abolhasan, M, Lipman, J & Shariati, N 2025, 'Integrating Electrical Features for Simultaneous Prediction of Soil Moisture and Potassium Levels Based on Neural Network Prediction Model', IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement, vol. 74, pp. 1-12.
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Jayanthakumaran, M, Shukla, N, Pradhan, B & Beydoun, G 2025, 'A systematic review of sentiment analytics in banking headlines', Decision Analytics Journal, vol. 15, pp. 100584-100584.
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Jin, X, Rao, P, Feng, W, Cui, J, Nimbalkar, S & Chen, Q 2025, 'Coupled Electric‐Thermal Damage Model for Lightning Strikes on Buried Pipeline', Contributions to Plasma Physics, vol. 65, no. 4.
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ABSTRACTA coupled electrothermal damage theory model for pipelines is proposed to assess the failure behavior of buried pipelines under lightning strikes. This article considers local thermal nonequilibrium (LTNE) conditions in the soil–water porous medium and the nonlinear characteristics of lightning functions. The calculation results show that the proposed theoretical model has better applicability and accuracy compared with previous models. Parametric analysis shows that under lightning conditions of Im = 20 kA and T1/T2 = 1.2/50 μs, the maximum local temperature of the soil around the pipeline can reach 2160 K, leading to pipeline breakdown. Metal pipelines are shown to be more effective in conducting charges, which alters the electric field distribution in the soil and impacts the formation of plasma channels. The half‐peak value of the lightning waveform has a significant impact on pipeline breakdown, and its increase will increase the risk of pipeline breakdown gradually. When considering LTNE conditions, the change in the pipeline surface temperature becomes more pronounced. Under 8/30 and 8/40 μs lightning waveforms, the pipeline surface temperature is approximately 150 and 550 K higher, respectively, compared with the thermal equilibrium conditions. The thermal conductivity and porosity of backfill soil can also affect the thermal damage of lightning‐struck pipelines. With clay filling, the highest pipeline surface temperature can reach 2590 K, while with fine sand and coarse sand, it is 1980 and 1510 K, respectively. The pipeline lightning disaster model proposed in this article has engineering significance for the investigation of pipeline lightning failure and disaster prevention mechanisms.

Kamat, P, Chandekar, H, Dlima, L, Gite, S, Pradhan, B & Alamri, A 2025, 'Comprehensive dataset on ripening stages of strawberries and avocados: From unripe to rotten', Data in Brief, vol. 60, pp. 111663-111663.
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Khairnar, S, Gite, S, Pradhan, B, Thepade, SD & Alamri, A 2025, 'Optimizing CNN Architectures for Face Liveness Detection: Performance, Efficiency, and Generalization across Datasets', Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, vol. 143, no. 3, pp. 3677-3707.
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Khairnar, S, Thepade, SD, Kolekar, S, Gite, S, Pradhan, B, Alamri, A, Patil, B, Dahake, S, Gaikwad, R & Chaudhari, A 2025, 'Enhancing semantic segmentation for autonomous vehicle scene understanding in indian context using modified CANet model', MethodsX, vol. 14, pp. 103131-103131.
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Le, NT, Keenan, M, Nguyen, A, Ghazvineh, S, Yu, Y, Li, J & Manalo, A 2025, 'A supervised machine learning approach for structural overload classification in railway bridges using weigh-in-motion data', Structures, vol. 71, pp. 108005-108005.
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Lenin Kumar, AR, Nimbalkar, S & Dodagoudar, GR 2025, 'Performance of Railway Embankment on Soft Ground Reinforced with Granular Columns', Transportation Infrastructure Geotechnology, vol. 12, no. 6.
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Li, C, Lai, JCS & Oberst, S 2025, 'Optimizing self-organized topology of recurrence-based complex networks', Chaos: An Interdisciplinary Journal of Nonlinear Science, vol. 35, no. 3.
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Networks and graphs have emerged as powerful tools to model and analyze nonlinear dynamical systems. By constructing an adjacency matrix from recurrence networks, it is possible to capture critical structural and geometric information about the underlying dynamics of a time series. However, randomization of data often raises concerns about the potential loss of deterministic relationships. Here, in using the spring-electrical-force model, we demonstrate that by optimizing the distances between randomized points through minimizing an entropy-related energy measure, the deterministic structure of the original system is not destroyed. This process allows us to approximate the time series shape and correct the phase, effectively reconstructing the initial invariant set and attracting dynamics of the system. Our approach highlights the importance of adjacency matrices derived from recurrence plots, which preserve crucial information about the nonlinear dynamics. By using recurrence plots and the entropy of diagonal line lengths and leveraging the Kullback–Leibler divergence as a relative entropic measure, we fine-tune the parameters and initial conditions for recurrence plots, ensuring an optimal representation of the system’s dynamics. Through the integration of network geometry and energy minimization, we show that data-driven graphs can self-organize to retain and regenerate the fundamental features of the time series, including its phase space structures. This study underscores the robustness of recurrence networks as a tool for analyzing nonlinear systems and demonstrates that randomization, when guided by informed optimization, does not erase deterministic relationships, opening new avenues for reconstructing dynamical systems from observational data.

Li, S, Ji, J, Feng, K, Zhang, K, Ni, Q & Xu, Y 2025, 'Composite Neuro-Fuzzy System-Guided Cross-Modal Zero-Sample Diagnostic Framework Using Multisource Heterogeneous Noncontact Sensing Data', IEEE Transactions on Fuzzy Systems, vol. 33, no. 1, pp. 302-313.
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Li, Y, Feng, K, Noman, K, Ji, J & Li, Z 2025, 'Editorial: Application of digital twin technology in prognostic and health management of complex machineries', Measurement, vol. 239, pp. 115629-115629.
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Long, G, Blumenstein, M & Chang, Y 2025, 'Foreword from the General Chairs', Www Companion 2025 Companion Proceedings of the ACM Web Conference 2025, pp. III-IV.

Long, G, Blumenstein, M & Chang, Y 2025, 'Foreword from the General Chairs', Www 2025 Proceedings of the ACM Web Conference, pp. iii-iv.

Ma, B, Teng, J, Zhang, S & Sheng, D 2025, 'A new strength criterion for frozen soils considering temperature and pressure-melting effect', Zhongnan Daxue Xuebao Ziran Kexue Ban Journal of Central South University Science and Technology, vol. 56, no. 4, pp. 1417-1425.
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Artificial ground freezing (AGF) is widely employed in shaft construction through unstable soil layers, particularly in deep underground engineering. Ensuring the safety and feasibility of AGF relies heavily on accurately predicting the strength of frozen soils. Frozen soil strength responds to increasing confining stress in three distinct stages: it initially increases, then decreases, and finally increases again at higher stress levels. To capture this complex behavior, a series of triaxial compression tests were conducted under varying confining pressures. Based on the framework of critical state soil mechanics, temperature-dependent strength criteria were developed to reflect this non-linear strength evolution. To further explain the strength reduction observed at intermediate stress levels, the mechanism of pressure-induced ice melting was examined. A physically meaningful pressure melting coefficient was introduced to quantify the relationship between cryogenic suction and stress. This resulted in the formulation of freezing characteristic curves corresponding to different stress levels. Building on these insights, a new strength criterion was established to account for the effects of both low and high stress conditions. Model predictions were validated against experimental data, demonstrating the ability to reproduce the observed strength evolution of frozen soils. The results show that compared with the existing strength criteria, the proposed model is physically interpretable, involves fewer and more easily measurable parameters, and thus offers greater potential for practical application in AGF-related engineering design.

Maha Arachchige, S & Pradhan, B 2025, 'AI Meets the Eye of the Storm: Machine Learning-Driven Insights for Hurricane Damage Risk Assessment in Florida', Earth Systems and Environment, vol. 9, no. 3, pp. 2143-2163.
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Abstract Due to Florida’s exposure to hurricanes originating from both the Atlantic Ocean and the Gulf of Mexico, hurricane risk assessments serve as a critical tool for mitigating potential impacts. This is the first novel study to develop a machine learning based risk assessment for hurricane induced flood damage, which demonstrates the potential of granular building level insurance data from 1985 to 2024, enriched with remote sensing derived variables. The stacked ensemble machine learning model predicted hurricane flood damage with an MAE of 11.3% at a granular ZIP Code Tabulation Area level (ZCTA). The model’s explainability tools determined that building property value was a significant predictor of hurricane damage, as it correlated with property size, complex architectural design, and proximity to waterfront locations, all of which affect potential repair costs. Other predictive factors include construction year, occupancy type, and flood zone designation. Partial dependency plots (PDPs) identified that northwest Florida is particularly susceptible to hurricane damage, attributed to the Gulf of Mexico’s warm and shallow waters than eastern Florida’s cooler Atlantic conditions and steep ocean floor. Miami’s significant coastal urbanisation, rendered it a hotspot despite southeast Florida’s overall low hurricane risk. Similarly Jacksonville in north-eastern Florida was identified as a hotspot due to compounded flooding from storm surge and nearby river systems. Partial dependency plots also quantified the significant positive impact of 1970s building code regulation. Future studies should examine coastal morphology, landfall angle, and proximity to barrier islands. A study limitation is that insurance data may be an imperfect representation of Florida, due to underinsurance and inability to afford insurance.

Mahajan, S, Gite, S, Pradhan, B, Alamri, A, Inamdar, S, Shriyansh, D, Shah, AA & Agarwal, S 2025, 'Integrating Speech-to-Text for Image Generation Using Generative Adversarial Networks', Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, vol. 143, no. 2, pp. 2001-2026.
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Milledge, TJ, Pradhan, B & Shukla, N 2025, 'Integrating Systems Methodologies for Australian Undersea Surveillance: A Systematic Literature Review', Systems Engineering, vol. 28, no. 4, pp. 471-497.
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ABSTRACTAustralia is a maritime nation, relying on access to its surrounding oceans for its economy and security. The Royal Australian Navy conducts undersea surveillance to monitor this vital maritime environment and gain insight into activities beneath the ocean's surface. Australia's maritime jurisdiction is vast, with the world's third‐largest Economic Exclusion Zone, but its resources are constrained, with only 5% of the United States’ defense budget and navy personnel. Fortunately, advancements in unmanned vehicles and networked sensors can address this disparity by increasing the capacity of Australia's naval fleet at a fraction of the cost of manned platforms. However, current applications of unmanned systems only address simplified scenarios without defining how the plethora of unmanned systems should be applied across the full spectrum of surveillance operations. A new naval fleet architecture must be designed using systems methodologies to integrate unmanned systems into this holistic “system of systems”. Systems engineering, systems architecture, system modeling, system dynamics, operations research, and design for Six Sigma are complementary methodologies with unique techniques to solve this complex problem. This systematic literature review critically analyzed current unmanned systems and the utility of systems methodologies to design their application in undersea surveillance. It contributes insights into the benefits and challenges of unmanned systems in Australia's maritime context, whilst demonstrating shortcomings with the currently disparate application of methodologies to design unmanned fleet architectures. Further research is justified to design an integrated framework of systems methodologies that designs fleet architectures for Australian undersea surveillance.

Murray, J, Meylan, MH, Ngo, T, Thamwattana, N & Indraratna, B 2025, 'Analytical Solution for Railway Transition Zones With Abrupt Changes in Elastic Stiffness', Engineering Reports, vol. 7, no. 5.
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ABSTRACTTransition zones in railway systems, where properties of the track foundation change abruptly, are known to increase dynamic loads, track deterioration, and passenger discomfort. As such, it is of particular importance to study railway transition zones with abrupt changes in foundation properties to minimize these railway problems. This paper presents a closed‐form solution for the long‐term deformation of an Euler‐Bernoulli beam on an elastic foundation with multiple abrupt changes in foundation stiffness and under multiple applied stationary point loads. The solutions are obtained by dividing the beam into segments and applying the method of undetermined coefficients. This exact analytical solution constitutes an improvement upon an approximate solution, which is presented in the literature as a recent method for modeling rail infrastructure at transition zones. A limitation of the approximate solution is its inability to account for the changed behavior of the beam close to a transition zone. The closed‐form solution overcomes this limitation and can be used to assess the suitability of the approximate solution.

Nair, L, Indraratna, B, Nguyen, TT & Rujikiatkamjorn, C 2025, 'The interactive role of cyclic vertical and torsional stresses on the instability of low-plasticity soils based on hollow cylinder testing', Canadian Geotechnical Journal, vol. 62, pp. 1-21.
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Soil instability and potential failure under principal stress rotation require greater attention than ever before due to increased operation of heavier and longer high-speed trains. This study focuses on the interplay between cyclic vertical stress and torsional shear stress on the failure condition of a low-plasticity subgrade soil, facilitated by a hollow cylinder apparatus. Combined vertical and torsional loading significantly influences strain response, with increasing torsional stress leading to higher strain accumulation. Moreover, the data indicate that an increase in torsional shear stress is generally accompanied by a swift rise in the EPWP and a corresponding decrease in the soil stiffness. In view of this, a novel parameter, the overall stiffness degradation index ( δo) that simultaneously captures both the vertical and torsional shear effects under principal stress rotation is proposed as an early indicator of instability. In addition, a normalised torsional stress ratio (NTSR), which is the ratio of the amplitude of torsional shear stress to the confining pressure, is introduced to assess the impact of torsional shear stress. Whereby, higher NTSR values correlate with premature inception of failure. These experimental results provide new insights for a better understanding of soil instability under simulated railway loading.

Ngo, T, Indraratna, B, Coop, M & Qi, Y 2025, 'Behaviour of ballast stabilised with recycled rubber mat under impact loading', Géotechnique, vol. 75, no. 2, pp. 192-212.
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During the passage of trains, dynamic impact loads caused by wheel imperfections or rail abnormalities cause significant ballast degradation. In this study, the use of rubber mats manufactured from recycled tyres placed underneath a ballast layer is investigated to mitigate the adverse effects of impact loads. Based on a series of tests conducted using a high-capacity drop-weight facility to evaluate the dynamic impact responses, the experimental results show that the inclusion of a rubber mat beneath the ballast assembly significantly reduces particle breakage. This study also describes a numerical analysis following a coupled discrete–continuum modelling approach to examine the complex interaction of discrete ballast grains with the recycled rubber mat. In particular, a mathematical framework coupling the discrete and continuum domains is developed to facilitate the exchange of forces and displacements at the ballast–mat interface. Laboratory data measured from large-scale impact tests are used to calibrate and validate this coupled model. Subsequently, the model is used to predict the deformation and breakage of ballast, contact force distributions, impact forces, coordination numbers and the evolution of energy components during impact testing. The energy-absorbing properties of the rubber mat are captured in terms of reducing particle breakage from a micromechanical perspective.

Nguyen, TD, Nguyen, CK & Nguyen, TT 2025, 'Radial Consolidation of Soft Soils in Vietnam's Red River Delta: Effect of Drain Diameter on Undisturbed and Remolded Samples', Geotechnical and Geological Engineering, vol. 43, no. 6.
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Abstract Given the increasing demand for soft soil improvement in Red River Delta of Vietnam in the past decade, this study is dedicated to characterizing radial consolidation behaviour of clayey soils in the delta, while varying drain size in the radial consolidation test. Undisturbed soil samples were collected from 3 different sites and subjected to a series of radial and vertical consolidation tests. The central drain diameter in radial consolidation test is varied from 12 to 28 mm, corresponding to the drain spacing ratio n changing from 5.17 to 2.21, to investigate the influence of drainage length on the interpreted outcomes. The alteration of consolidation parameters induced by soil remolding is also studied by comparing the test results of undisturbed and remolded soils. The test results indicate that smaller drain diameter (i.e., larger drainage length) results in larger coefficient of radial consolidation (c r ), for example, c r increases by a factor of 2 when the drain size varies from 28 mm (n = 2.21) to 20 mm (n = 3.1). However, when n > 3.1, the influence of drainage length on the value of c r decreases apparently, despite the applied pressure rising from 25 to 800 kPa. New correlations describing the relationship between the value of c r and n are proposed. On the other hand, soil remolding can cause permeabil...

Nguyen, TT, Nguyen, KL, Huynh, TQ & Tran, Q 2025, 'Influence of feature selection on machine learning prediction of pile foundation – The role of soil-pile interaction knowledge and application to base resistance', Geodata and AI, vol. 3, pp. 100019-100019.
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Oberst, S, Tofigh, F, Lai, J, Mankowski, M, Arango, R & Kirker, G 2025, 'Development of a micro-exciter to mimic insect vibration signals and the effect of the substrate on the playback response', The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, vol. 157, no. 4_Supplement, pp. A186-A186.
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In bioassays that involve the playback of recorded insect vibration signals using conventional commercial shakers, two issues need to be addressed. First, common shaker systems do not have the capability of producing insect excitations that are in the micro or milli Newton range. Second, recorded insect signals are the response of the substrate excited by the vibrations produced by the insect, but the influence of the substrate is rarely considered by the biotremology community. Here, we, therefore, present the development of a micro-excitation system across three stages: (1) an initial Arduino-based with a piezoelectric beam element; (2) a Raspberry Pi-controlled piezoelectric buzzer with fast-acting amplification circuit, compared to commercial stacked piezo actuators; and (3) an in-house developed microactuator consisting of a microcontroller and a piezoelectric actuator (MiAC-S). The evolution of the amplification circuit and its integration into MiAC-S will be described. The MiAC-S will be validated. Finally, we demonstrate the effect of the substrate on the playback of an impulse response signal compared to using a direct impulse as an excitation signal. The results indicate that the vibration response should not be used for playback of insect signals on substrates as it produces results inconsistent with theoretical expectations, thereby increasing the uncertainty and reducing the control quality of bioassays.

Owen, R, Bryant, A, Finch, L, Franklin, D, Abdollahi, M & Abolhasan, M 2025, 'Failures and Resilience in the IP Era: Navigating the Fragility of Modern Telecommunications Networks: The Sovereign Functions', IEEE Access, pp. 1-1.
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Payan, M, Asadi, P, Jamaldar, A, Salimi, M, Zanganeh Ranjbar, P, Jahed Armaghani, D, He, X & Sheng, D 2025, 'Artificial intelligence-based predictive models for shear wave velocity of soils: A comprehensive review', Engineering Applications of Artificial Intelligence, vol. 155, pp. 111095-111095.
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Peng, R, Ji, J, Guo, R, Zheng, B, Miao, Z & Zhou, J 2025, 'Fixed-time and predefined-time group-bipartite consensus for uncertain networked Euler-Lagrange systems', Information Sciences, vol. 689, pp. 121451-121451.
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Peng, R, Ji, J, Liu, L, Miao, Z, Li, N & Zhou, J 2025, 'Task-space fixed-time bipartite tracking control for heterogeneous networked Euler-Lagrange systems', Applied Mathematical Modelling, vol. 148, pp. 116238-116238.
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Peng, R, Ji, J, Zheng, B, Li, N, Miao, Z & Zhou, J 2025, 'Neural network-based fixed-time practical attitude synchronization control for uncertain networked spacecraft systems', ISA Transactions.
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Pradhan, S, Pradhan, B & Joshi, A 2025, 'Leveraging geographic information systems (GIS) in water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) research: a systematic review of applications and challenges', Spatial Information Research, vol. 33, no. 2.
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Abstract Safe drinking water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) are essential for the health, well-being, and socio-economic development of communities. Despite global efforts, the challenge of providing safe access to WASH service persists, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. Geographic Information Systems (GIS) play a pivotal role in understanding and addressing these challenges by enabling the monitoring, mapping, and analysis of WASH facilities and their impacts. This systematic literature review aims to comprehensively understand how GIS is being used in WASH research. The review reveals that GIS is being used in various aspects of WASH, including mapping and monitoring of WASH facilities, spatial analysis of WASH-related health outcomes, and planning. The review also highlights the challenges of using GIS in WASH, such as data availability and quality, integration of technological advancement and adoption of a comprehensive approach. The review provides valuable insights for researchers, practitioners, and policymakers working in the field of WASH.

Punetha, P & Nimbalkar, S 2025, 'Numerical investigation on the dynamic behaviour of unpaved roads under realistic moving loads', Road Materials and Pavement Design, pp. 1-46.
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Punetha, P & Nimbalkar, S 2025, 'Utilisation of construction and demolition waste and recycled glass for sustainable flexible pavements: A critical review', Transportation Geotechnics, vol. 54, pp. 101612-101612.
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Raza, MA, Abolhasan, M, Lipman, J & Ni, W 2025, 'Device-Level Learning-Based Distributed Power Control for Uplink NOMA in IoT Networks', IEEE Transactions on Cognitive Communications and Networking, pp. 1-1.
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Razavi-Termeh, SV, Sadeghi-Niaraki, A, Shogrkhodaei, SZ, Pradhan, B & Choi, S-M 2025, 'Human-based metaheuristics and non-parametric learning for groundwater-prone area mapping', Ecological Informatics, vol. 90, pp. 103326-103326.
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Rembe, C, Halkon, B & Ismail, M 2025, 'Measuring Vibrations in Large Structures with LDVy and UAS: A Review and Outlook', Advanced Devices & Instrumentation.

Riyad, ASM, Indraratna, B, Arachchige, CK, Qi, Y & Khabbaz, H 2025, 'An Extended Perspective on the Disturbed State Concept for Rubber–Mixed Waste Material Considering Modulus Degradation under Cyclic Loading', International Journal of Geomechanics, vol. 25, no. 5.
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Riyad, ASM, Indraratna, B, Qi, Y & Tawk, M 2025, 'Constitutive behaviour of a granular matrix containing coal mine waste intermixed with rubber crumbs', Acta Geotechnica, vol. 20, no. 1, pp. 185-196.
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AbstractTraditional railway substructure materials (i.e., natural crushed rock aggregates used for ballast and capping layers) degrade under service loads, incurring higher periodic maintenance costs compared to recycled materials. Using recycled waste materials such as coal wash and rubber crumbs for infrastructure upgrades not only reduces construction and maintenance costs but also supports environmental sustainability. By exploring unconventional avenues, earlier studies have delved into the viability of blending rubber crumbs (RC) and coal wash (CW) as an innovative substitute for traditional railway substructure materials, with a specific focus on the capping layer. This study introduces a semi-empirical constitutive model to simulate the response of mixtures of coal wash and rubber crumbs (CWRC) using the bounding surface plasticity framework. The novelty of this study is that a modified volumetric strain expression is introduced to capture the compressibility of rubber, thus enabling a more accurate representation of the internal deformation of rubber within the granular matrix. The variation of rubber content in the mixture is captured by the corresponding critical state void ratio surface and the hardening modulus. The theoretical model is then calibrated and validated using static drained triaxial test data for CWRC mixtures as well as mixtures of steel furnace slag, coal wash, and rubber crumbs (SFS + CW + RC).

Roy, P, Bhattacharya, S, Ghosh, S, Pal, U & Blumenstein, M 2025, 'Exploring Mutual Cross-Modal Attention for Context-Aware Human Affordance Generation', IEEE Transactions on Artificial Intelligence, pp. 1-12.
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Rujikiatkamjorn, C, Ishikawa, T, Prezzi, M & Winter, M 2025, 'Editorial for Transportation Geotechnics and Emerging Technologies', Transportation Geotechnics, vol. 50, pp. 101372-101372.
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Rujikiatkamjorn, C, Xue, J & Indraratna, B 2025, 'Preface', Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, vol. 403 LNCE, pp. v-vi.

Rujikiatkamjorn, C, Xue, J & Indraratna, B 2025, 'Preface', Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, vol. 402 LNCE, pp. v-vi.

Rujikiatkamjorn, C, Xue, J & Indraratna, B 2025, 'Preface', Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, vol. 405 LNCE, pp. v-vi.

Sami, MS, Hoque, MA-A, Moniruzzaman, M & Pradhan, B 2025, 'Spatial landslide risk assessment in a highly populated Rohingya refugee settlement area of Cox’s Bazar, Bangladesh', Asian Geographer, vol. 42, no. 1, pp. 79-100.
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Sha, H, Guo, R, Zhou, J, Zhu, X, Ji, J & Miao, Z 2025, 'Reinforcement learning-based robust formation control for Multi-UAV systems with switching communication topologies', Neurocomputing, vol. 611, pp. 128591-128591.
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Shao, Y-F, Ji, J-C & Ding, H 2025, 'Dynamics and vibration reduction performance of a cross-type motion amplified nonlinear energy sink', Acta Mechanica Sinica, vol. 41, no. 7.
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Song, J, Jenisha, S, Teng, J, Zhang, S & Sheng, D 2025, 'Experimental study on freeze-thaw deformation mechanism of cut slope considering water migration and ice formation', Zhongnan Daxue Xuebao Ziran Kexue Ban Journal of Central South University Science and Technology, vol. 56, no. 5, pp. 1886-1899.
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Considering groundwater recharge conditions, this study employed a one-dimensional freezing method to investigate the freeze-thaw deformation mechanisms of road embankment slopes in seasonal freezing regions. A large-scale physical slope model (length×width×height is 2.0 m×0.8 m×1.1 m)was constructed to systematically examine moisture migration patterns, phase transformation, and freeze-thaw settlement evolution during cyclic freeze-thaw processes. The experimental results demonstrate that moisture redistribution serves as the primary factor inducing slope instability in seasonal frozen areas. Under the freezing condition of initial moisture content of 12% and freezing conditions at − 20 ℃, the distribution of moisture significantly influences the rate of temperature change in the slope. After 530 h of freezing, the maximum freezing temperature difference between different water contents in the same soil layer is approximately twice that of the initial state. Cyclic freeze-thaw processes drive progressive moisture accumulation toward the slope base, with some areas experiencing a maximum moisture increase of 10%. Ice lens formation predominantly occurs in moisture-enriched zones, exhibiting directional growth aligned with freeze-thaw progression. During the freeze-thaw process, moisture migration and ice formation lead to a reduction in soil consolidation that exceeds the increase caused by frost heave and thaw settlement, resulting in a maximum displacement of over 70 mm at the top of the slope. Moisture migration exacerbates ice lens growth thereby promoting the development of weak zones on slopes. The study reveals the dynamic interactions of moisture, temperature, and displacement within the slope under conditions of water recharge in a seasonally frozen region.

Sultana, M, Hoque, MA-A & Pradhan, B 2025, 'Assessing Meghna Riverbank dynamics and morphological changes in Bangladesh using geospatial techniques', Applied Geomatics, vol. 17, no. 1, pp. 147-161.
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Talaei, S, Zhu, X, Li, J, Yu, Y & Chan, THT 2025, 'A hybrid domain adaptation approach for estimation of prestressed forces in prestressed concrete bridges under moving vehicles', Engineering Structures, vol. 330, pp. 119904-119904.
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Tao, G, Tang, W, Chen, Q, Zhou, H, Nimbalkar, S, Xiao, H & Huang, Z 2025, 'Fractal Shear Strength Model for Unsaturated Soils Considering the Combined Effects of Matric Suction and Surface Tension', International Journal of Geomechanics, vol. 25, no. 7.
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Tao, G, Yang, C, Chen, Q, Nimbalkar, S, Xiao, H & Wang, Q 2025, 'Laboratory assessment of tensile properties of root-soil composite of Amorpha fruticose', Journal of Mountain Science, vol. 22, no. 3, pp. 1062-1074.
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Tong, C, Li, J, Sun, Q, Zhang, S, Zhou, W & Sheng, D 2025, 'A noise‐based framework for randomly generating soil particle with realistic geometry', Computer-Aided Civil and Infrastructure Engineering, vol. 40, no. 13, pp. 1829-1846.
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AbstractParticle morphology influences the mechanical behavior of granular soils. Generating particles with realistic shapes for discrete element method simulations is gaining popularity. However, it is still challenging to efficiently generate very angular particles with less computational cost. Addressing this challenge, this paper introduces a novel noise‐based framework for generating realistic soil particle geometry. Noise algorithms are utilized to apply random variations with certain morphological patterns on the surface of the base geometry (e.g., a sphere), thereby generating a variety of particles with morphological patterns ranging from very angular to rounded. In addition, the base geometry can be replaced with other geometries including real particle scans, allowing rapid generation of realistic particles with morphological characteristics of the base geometry. The framework stands out for its simplicity, the wide range of particle morphologies generated, reducing the need for extensive computation and scanning, and provides a new idea for the granular soil behavior simulations.

Tong, C-X, Li, J-J, Sun, Q, He, F, Zhang, S, Zhou, W-H & Sheng, D 2025, 'Minimum mesh quality for reliable morphology characterization of 3D soil particles', Powder Technology, vol. 460, pp. 121062-121062.
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Tra, TH, Nguyen, TT, Huynh, TQ & Ishikawa, T 2025, 'Load transfer behaviour of super long piles in multi-layer soft soil through field testing and numerical 3D FEM modelling', Soils and Foundations, vol. 65, no. 3, pp. 101627-101627.
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Wang, C, Wei, W, Chen, X, Liu, Y, Wijayaratna, K & Ni, B-J 2025, 'Unlocking Drivers of Country-Specific Sensitivities of Atmospheric Greenhouse Gas Accumulation: Preparing for Future Pandemic Management', Environmental Science & Technology, vol. 59, no. 1, pp. 362-372.
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Wang, J, Ji, J-C & Ding, H 2025, 'Multimode vibration suppression of an inclined axially preloaded beam with nonlinear energy sinks', European Journal of Mechanics - A/Solids, vol. 114, pp. 105774-105774.
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Wang, Z, Ji, J, Xu, Y, Li, S, Sun, B & Yang, X 2025, 'Multiview Contrastive Shapelet Learning: A Novel Semi-Supervised Approach for Explainable Machine Fault Diagnosis With Insufficient Annotated Data', IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement, vol. 74, pp. 1-11.
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Wijayaratna, K & da Rocha, C 2025, 'Leveraging Lego Serious Play ^® in Examining Practitioner Perspectives of Shared Spaces', Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board.
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Practitioner engagement methods are essential for understanding diverse perspectives and providing opportunities to develop a unified strategic approach to contentious transport planning issues, such as shared spaces. These are road infrastructure designs that minimize the separation between travel modes and equalize the priority across all the modes. This study investigates the design and implementation of a novel engagement methodology, Lego Serious Play ® (LSP), to discuss the implementation of shared space solutions in practice while also enhancing participant experience. A case study of practitioners in New South Wales, Australia was conducted to identify opportunities, challenges, and the future potential of applying the methodology. Outcomes from the workshops revealed that the LSP methodology enabled participants to articulate their views, debate various ideas, and compromise. Shared spaces emerged as a key strategy for achieving place-based outcomes, particularly through a zone-based implementation approach in which design elements are gradually introduced across a road network to help users adapt to the changing environment. Key aspects and metrics were identified, shaping future guidance for shared spaces design and assessment. The storytelling component of the LSP technique was particularly effective in fostering discussion and achieving consensus. The findings suggest that the LSP methodology holds potential for application in other engineering and design disciplines, offering a novel approach to engagement and collaborative problem-solving.

Wu, L, Yang, J, Feng, S, Chen, H, Liu, H, Lin, Z & Nimbalkar, S 2025, 'Experimental assessment of freeze–thaw characteristics and microscopic mechanisms of coal-based solid waste improved loess filler', Transportation Geotechnics, vol. 54, pp. 101606-101606.
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Wu, Y, Dang, F, Nimbalkar, S, Chen, Y & Zhang, F 2025, 'Property Evolution Law and Damage Mechanism of Pervious Concrete under Different Cycle Modes', Jianzhu Cailiao Xuebao Journal of Building Materials, vol. 28, no. 1, pp. 9-18.
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In order to investigate the effect of water on pervious concrete（PC）pavement，the performance evolution equations of PC under three cycle modes of dry-wet，freeze-thaw，dry-wet and freeze-thaw were studied，and the damage mechanism under single and double factors were revealed. The results show that the basalt fiber（BF）changes the pore structure and initial property of PC，but does not affect the freeze-thaw damage mechanism. The secondary cracks of PC pavement caused by freeze-thaw cycle increase exponentially，which is different from the performance evolution law under dry-wet cycle. Dry-wet cycle in the early stage of damage causes the dissolution，loss of pore wall surface material and edge curl and peel，while freeze-thaw in the late stage of damage causes the formation and expansion of cracks，resulting in intergranular fracture. Under the coupling effect of wet-dry cycle and freeze-thaw cycle，the PC performance index decreases more than the single factor superposition of wet-dry cycle and freeze-thaw cycle.

Wu, Y, Li, S, Li, J, Yu, Y, Li, J & Li, Y 2025, 'Deep learning in crack detection: A comprehensive scientometric review', Journal of Infrastructure Intelligence and Resilience, vol. 4, no. 3, pp. 100144-100144.
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Xiong, H, Dai, S, Lan, P, He, X, Tong, C, Zhang, S & Sheng, D 2025, 'Probabilistic indirect models for undrained shear strength: addressing significant data missing and variability with advanced imputation and machine learning techniques', Computers and Geotechnics, vol. 187, pp. 107488-107488.
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Xiong, Z, Chen, Q, Tao, G, Nimbalkar, S, Rong, H & Xie, K 2025, 'Mechanical and micro-mechanical investigations of nano-SiO ₂ and polypropylene fiber reinforced cement soil in marine environments', Marine Georesources & Geotechnology, vol. 43, no. 8, pp. 1460-1477.
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Yin, F, Cai, G, He, X, Su, Y, Yang, X & Zheng, W 2025, 'Elucidating the strain rate-dependent mechanical properties of unsaturated red clay under controlled thermal and suction environments', Transportation Geotechnics, vol. 53, pp. 101600-101600.
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Yu Huat, C, Jahed Armaghani, D, Bin Hashim, H, Fattahi, H, He, X, Asteris, PG & Fakharian, P 2025, 'Development of a Practical Solution to Predict Surface Settlement Induced by Twin Tunnels', Journal of Structural Design and Construction Practice, vol. 30, no. 1.
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Yu, L, Pradhan, B & Wang, Y 2025, 'A comparative study of various combination strategies for landslide susceptibility mapping considering landslide types', Geoscience Frontiers, vol. 16, no. 2, pp. 101999-101999.
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Zeng, Y, Ding, H & Ji, JC 2025, 'An origami-inspired nonlinear energy sink: design, modeling, and analysis', Applied Mathematics and Mechanics, vol. 46, no. 4, pp. 601-616.
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Abstract Designing, modeling, and analyzing novel nonlinear elastic elements for the nonlinear energy sink (NES) have long been an attractive research topic. Since gravity is difficult to overcome, previous NES research mainly focused on horizontal vibration suppression. This study proposes an origami-inspired NES. A stacked Miura-origami (SMO) structure, consisting of two Miura-ori sheets, is adopted to construct a nonlinear elastic element. By adjusting the initial angle and the connecting crease torsional stiffness, the quasi-zero stiffness (QZS) and load-bearing capacity can be customized to match the corresponding mass, establishing the vertical SMO-NES. The dynamic model of the SMO-NES coupled with a linear oscillator (LO) is derived for vibrations in the vertical direction. The approximate analytical solutions of the dynamic equation are obtained by the harmonic balance method (HBM), and the solutions are verified numerically. The parameter design principle of the SMO-NES is provided. Finally, the vibration reduction performance of the SMO-NES is studied. The results show that the proposed SMO-NES can overcome gravity and achieve quasi-zero nonlinear restoring force. Therefore, the SMO-NES has the ability of wide-frequency vibration reduction, and can effectively suppress vertical vibrations. By adjusting the initial angle and connecting the crease torsional stiffness of the SMO, the SMO-NES can be achieved with different loading weights, effectively suppressing the vibrations with different primary system masses and excitation amplitudes. In conclusion, with the help of popular origami structures, this study proposes a novel NES, and starts the research of combining origami and NES.

Zeng, Y-C, Ding, H, Ji, J-C, Mao, X-Y & Chen, L-Q 2025, 'A tristable nonlinear energy sink with time-varying potential barriers', Communications in Nonlinear Science and Numerical Simulation, vol. 142, pp. 108559-108559.
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Zhang, J, Zeng, X, Gao, F, Zheng, J & Sheng, D 2025, 'Effect of replacement cushion on water-heat distribution in permafrost foundation', Zhongnan Daxue Xuebao Ziran Kexue Ban Journal of Central South University Science and Technology, vol. 56, no. 2, pp. 674-687.
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Road problems in the frozen soil areas of the Qinghai—Tibet Plateau have become increasingly severe due to climate and environmental changes and engineering thermal effects, including frequent hazard occurrences, poor prevention and maintenance measures, etc. Replacement cushion is widely used in the design and construction of frozen road engineering, playing an essential role in enhancing deformation resistance, frost damage and stability. However, the effects of replacement cushions on the water-heat distribution during the service period have not been taken seriously. Based on the permafrost foundation replacement of the Gongyu—Yu Expressway, a numerical test on the water-heat distribution of the foundation was carried out with three types of filling materials, i.e. fine sand, coarse sand and gravel in the paper. The influence mechanism of filling materials on the distribution and evolution of water-heat was studied by using silty clay without replacement as a reference. The results show that replacing the gravel has better temperature control performance and can effectively reduce the maximum melting depth. Replacement cushions change the spatial and temporal distribution of foundation moisture. The unfrozen water content in the replacement layer decreases significantly, and the unfrozen water flows from both sides of the foundation to the centre along the filling-soil interface. The replacement cushion causes the surface ponding to invade into deeper soil. Especially without active drainage measures, the magnitude and oscillation amplitude of the water content in the deep foundation increase significantly. The water permeability and thermal conductivity of filling materials are important factors affecting water-heat distribution and evolution in road foundations. The moisture migration caused by replacement is not conducive to the long-term maintenance of the mechanical properties of the foundation. Therefore, replacement should be carefully adopte...

Zhang, X, Zhu, X, Yu, Y & Li, J 2025, 'Transfer Learning-Based Structural Damage Identification for Building Structures with Limited Measurement Data', International Journal of Structural Stability and Dynamics, vol. 25, no. 09.
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Structural damage detection is crucial for ensuring the safety of civil building structures in operational environments. Recently, deep learning-based methods have gained increasing attention from engineers and researchers. The performance of conventional deep learning methods for structural damage detection relies on a large number of labeled training datasets. However, it is difficult or/and impossible to obtain sufficient datasets to cover various damage scenarios for in-service structures. A little research has been conducted to identify both the damage severity and location with limited labeled measurement data. A novel transfer learning-based method for structural damage identification with limited measurements has been proposed utilizing frequency response functions (FRFs) as the input. The real structure is regarded as the target domain and its numerical model is as the source domain. The samples for various damage scenarios are generated using the numerical model, and a designed deep convolutional neural network (CNN) is pre-trained. The knowledge of the pre-trained network is transferred to identify the damage location and severity of the real structure using limited measurement data. Numerical and experimental studies have been conducted on a three-story building structure to verify the performance of the proposed method. To understand transfer learning and model interpretability, the t-SNE feature visualization is adopted to show the feature distribution changes during transfer learning. Numerical and experimental results show that the proposed approach outperforms conventional CNN models, and it is effective and accurate in identifying structural damage location and severity in real structures with limited measurement data.

Zhao, F, Ji, JC, Cao, S, Zheng, J & Luo, Q 2025, 'A constant quasi-zero stiffness isolator with tension springs to isolate vibrations with ultralow frequency', International Journal of Non-Linear Mechanics, vol. 175, pp. 105129-105129.
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Zheng, B, Ji, J, Peng, R, Miao, Z & Zhou, J 2025, 'Region-reaching control for multiple underactuated Euler-Lagrange systems based on energy-shaping framework', Communications in Nonlinear Science and Numerical Simulation, vol. 151, pp. 109020-109020.
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Zhu, Y, Zuo, W, Ji, J & Zhang, Z 2025, 'Bifurcations analysis of a 3D Filippov pest-natural enemy system with stage structure for the prey', Applied Mathematics and Computation, vol. 497, pp. 129356-129356.
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Cai, Z, Wang, S, Chu, VW, Naseem, U, Wang, Y & Chen, F 1970, 'Unleashing the Potential of Diffusion Models Towards Diversified Sequential Recommendations', Proceedings of the 48th International ACM SIGIR Conference on Research and Development in Information Retrieval, SIGIR '25: The 48th International ACM SIGIR Conference on Research and Development in Information Retrieval, ACM, 2025, pp. 1476-1486.
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Das, A, Biswas, S, Roy, P, Ghosh, S, Pal, U, Blumenstein, M, Lladós, J & Bhattacharya, S 1970, 'FASTER: A Font-Agnostic Scene Text Editing and Rendering Framework', 2025 IEEE/CVF Winter Conference on Applications of Computer Vision (WACV), 2025 IEEE/CVF Winter Conference on Applications of Computer Vision (WACV), IEEE, pp. 1944-1954.
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Indraratna, B, Ngo, T, Qi, Y, Hettiyahandi, S & Rujikiatkamjorn, C 1970, 'Resilient Railways Using Energy-Absorbing Rubber Elements in Track Substructure', Geotechnical Frontiers 2025, Geotechnical Frontiers 2025, American Society of Civil Engineers, pp. 374-382.
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Indraratna, B, Xu, B-H & Rujikiatkamjorn, C 1970, 'Soil Response and Modeling of Soft Soil Subgrades under Cyclic Rail Loading', Geotechnical Frontiers 2025, Geotechnical Frontiers 2025, American Society of Civil Engineers, pp. 139-149.
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Niu, G & He, X 1970, 'Appropriate Domain Size for Footing Bearing Capacity Analysis Using Random Finite Element Method', Springer Nature Singapore, pp. 283-290.
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Punetha, P & Nimbalkar, S 1970, 'Three-dimensional Numerical Modeling of the Behavior of Unbound Granular Pavements under Moving Tire Loads', Indian Geotechnical Conference 2024, Chhatrapati Sambhajinagar, Maharashtra, India.

Zhang, S, Zhou, F, Li, Z, Wang, Y, Qi, D & Li, S 1970, 'Expert-Guided Model Cultivation: CoTeaching to Resolve Abstruseness and Enhance Learning Performance', Springer Nature Singapore, pp. 18-32.
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Halkon, B 2025, 'Differential LDV measurements using flyable mirrors for the vibration assessment of remote structures'.
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Workshop research presentation, Measuring by Light 2025, TU Delft

Halkon, B 2025, 'Measuring by Light Down-under'.
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Invited Keynote, Measuring by Light 2025, TU Delft

Roy, P, Bhattacharya, S, Ghosh, S, Pal, U & Blumenstein, M 2025, 'd-Sketch: Improving Visual Fidelity of Sketch-to-Image Translation with Pretrained Latent Diffusion Models without Retraining'.

Roy, P, Bhattacharya, S, Ghosh, S, Pal, U & Blumenstein, M 2025, 'Exploring Mutual Cross-Modal Attention for Context-Aware Human Affordance Generation'.

Rujikiatkamjorn, C, Xue, J & Indraratna, B 2025, 'Preface', pp. v-vi.

Rujikiatkamjorn, C, Xue, J & Indraratna, B 2025, 'Preface', pp. v-vi.

Rujikiatkamjorn, C, Xue, J & Indraratna, B 2025, 'Preface', pp. v-vi.

Rujikiatkamjorn, C, Xue, J & Indraratna, B 2025, 'Preface', pp. v-vi.