Publications

Chiu, H, Sanagavarapu, AM, Weily, AR, Guy, DJ & Ross, DL 2003, 'Analysis of a novel expanded tip wire, (ETW) antenna for microwave ablation of cardiac arrhythmias', IEEE Transactions On Biomedical Engineering, vol. 50, no. 7, pp. 890-899.
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Chung, K & Sanagavarapu, AM 2003, 'A Systematic Design Method to Obtain Broadband Characteristics for Singly-Fed Electromagnetically Coupled Patch antennas for Circular Polarisation', IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, vol. 51, no. 12, pp. 3239-3248.
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Chung, K & Sanagavarapu, AM 2003, 'Techniques to increase gain and impedance bandwidth of a cross-aperture coupled patch antenna', Microwave And Optical Technology Letters, vol. 37, no. 4, pp. 283-286.
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A broadband high-gain single-feed cross-aperture coupled patch antenna is presented in this paper. The measured results confirm that the antenna is capable of a 14.4% impedance bandwidth (VSWR 2), 3% of 3-dB axial-ratio bandwidth, and 17.4% of gain (>8 dBic) bandwidth with a mean gain level of 9.3 dBic. The techniques for obtaining high gain and broad impedance bandwidth as well as the effects on aperture size are discussed.

Chung, K & Sanagavarapu, AM 2003, 'The effect of offset patch on the broadband characteristics of an electromagnetically coupled patch antenna', Microwave And Optical Technology Letters, vol. 38, no. 5, pp. 345-348.
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In this paper, we investigate the effect of the offset patch and layer misalignments on the broadband characteristics of a two-layer, electromagnetically coupled, stacked patch antenna with airgap at the X-band. Linear and angular displacements of the parasitic patch on the dielectric layer are considered for the experimental study. The measured results show very robust impedance characteristics of the proposed antenna element against layer misalignment.

Fisher, J, Hu, XQ, Williams, S, Tipper, JL, Ingham, E, Stone, MH, Hatto, P, Berry, G, Hardaker, C & Isaac, G 2003, 'New bearing surfaces: What does the future hold?', Seminars in Arthroplasty, vol. 14, no. 2, pp. 131-139.
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Although metal-on-metal bearings produce low wear rates, concerns remain about adverse reactions to metal wear debris. This chapter describes the application of surface coatings as a means of improving the wear resistance and producing smaller numbers of less biologically active wear particles in metal-on-metal (MOM) hip prostheses. Three articulations, Chromium Nitride (CrN) heads against CoCrMo alloy inserts (half coated), CrN heads against CrN inserts and Chromium Carbonitride (CrCN) heads against CrCN inserts (fully coated), were tested for 5 million cycles using a physiological anatomical hip joint simulator and compared with a CoCrMo alloy clinical bearing couple. The wear of the CrN head against CoCrMo insert was at least 13-fold lower than the MOM prostheses. The wear of the two fully coated combinations (CrN and CrCN) was at least 22-fold lower. The wear particles produced by all combinations were generally less than 30 nm in size. The metallic ion concentrations in the lubricants from the three surface engineered systems were 6-fold lower than the MOM controls. The wear particles from the fully coated surface engineered bearings were 10-fold less toxic than the wear particles produced by MOM bearings. These initial findings support further development and clinical trials of surface engineered MOM bearings. © 2003 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Kwong, RA, Nguyen, TV, Bova, RJ, Kench, JG, Cole, IE, Musgrove, EA, Henshall, SM & Sutherland, RL 2003, 'Overexpression of E2F-1 is associated with increased disease-free survival in squamous cell carcinoma of the anterior tongue', CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH, vol. 9, no. 10, pp. 3705-3711.

Kwong, RA, Nguyen, TV, Bova, RJ, Kench, JG, Cole, IE, Musgrove, EA, Henshall, SM & Sutherland, RL 2003, 'Overexpression of E2F-1 is associated with increased disease-free survival in squamous cell carcinoma of the anterior tongue', Clinical Cancer Research, vol. 9, no. 10 I, pp. 3705-3711.
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Purpose: Overexpression of E2F-1 is associated with increased invasiveness in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma cell lines in vitro, but its significance in vivo is unknown. This study sought to determine the relationship between E2F-1 and retinoblastoma protein (pRb) expression and disease outcome in squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the anterior tongue. Experimental Design: pRb and E2F-1 protein expression was assessed by immunohistochemistry in a cohort of 145 patients with SCC of the anterior tongue. The outcomes examined were time to disease recurrence or death. The relationships between E2F-1 or pRb expression and outcome were assessed by univariate and multivariate Cox's proportional hazards model, with or without clinicopathological covariates, including nodal status, disease stage, treatment status, and molecular markers (cyclin D1, p16INK4A, and Ki-67) previously measured in this cohort. Results: On univariate analysis, increased expression of E2F-1 (>35% of positive-stained nuclei) was associated with increased disease-free survival (DFS; hazard ratio [HR]: 0.35; P = 0.04) and increased overall survival (OS; HR: 0.33; P = 0.06). Decreased expression of pRb (<50% positive nuclei) was associated with increased DFS (HR: 1.81; P = 0.06) but not with OS (P = 0.11). However, when considered simultaneously with other significant factors, i.e. lymph node status, p16 INK4A protein expression, and histopathological grade, in the multivariate Cox's proportional hazards model, the additional contributions of E2F-1 and/or pRb expression to DFS and OS were not statistically significant. Conclusions: These data demonstrate that in patients with SCC of the tongue, overexpression of E2F-1 is associated with increased DFS and OS. However, this association is not independent of lymph node status, tumor grade, and p16 INK4A expression. Among the cell cycle-regulatory molecules studied, p16INK4A expression is the most predictive molecular marker of disease outcome.

Lee, SP, O'Dowd, BF, Rajaram, RD, Nguyen, T & George, SR 2003, 'D2 dopamine receptor homodimerization is mediated by multiple sites of interaction, including an intermolecular interaction involving transmembrane domain 4', Biochemistry, vol. 42, no. 37, pp. 11023-11031.
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In this study, we examined the mechanisms of intermolecular interaction involved in D2 dopamine receptor dimer formation to develop an understanding of the quaternary structure of G protein-coupled receptors. The potential role of two mechanisms was investigated: disulfide bridges and hydrophobic interactions between transmembrane domains. D2 dopamine receptor oligomers were unaffected by treatment with a reducing agent; however, oligomers of the D1 dopamine receptor dissociated following a similar treatment. This observation suggested that other forces such as hydrophobic interactions were more robust in the D2 receptor than in the D1 receptor in maintaining oligomerization. To elucidate which transmembrane domains were involved in the intermolecular hydrophobic interactions, truncation mutants were generated by successive deletion of transmembrane domains from amino and/or carboxyl portions of the D2 dopamine receptor. Immunoblot analyses revealed that all the fragments were well expressed but only fragments containing transmembrane domain 4 were able to self-associate, suggesting that critical areas for receptor dimerization resided within this transmembrane domain. Disruption of the helical structure of transmembrane domain 4 in a truncated receptor capable of forming dimers interfered with its ability to self-associate; however, a similar disruption of the transmembrane domain 4 helix structure in the full-length receptor did not significantly affect dimerization. These results indicated that there are other sites of interaction involved in D2 receptor oligomer assembly in addition to transmembrane domain 4.

Leung, FH, Lam, H, Ling, SS & Tam, P 2003, 'Tuning of the structure and parameters of a neural network using an improved genetic algorithm', IEEE Transactions On Neural Networks, vol. 14, no. 1, pp. 79-88.
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This paper presents the tuning of the structure and parameters of a neural network using an improved genetic algorithm (GA). It will also be shown that the improved GA performs better than the standard GA based on some benchmark test functions. A neural network with switches introduced to its link s is proposed. By doing this, the proposed neural network can learn both the input-output relationships of an application and the network structure using the improved GA. The number of hidden nodes is chosen manually by increasing it from a small number until the learning performance in terms of fitness value is good enough. Application examples on sunspot forecasting and associative memory are given to show the merits of the improved GA and the proposed neural network.

Ling, SS, Leung, FH, Lam, H, Lee, Y & Tam, P 2003, 'A novel genetic-algorithm-based neural network for short-term load forecasting', IEEE Transactions On Industrial Electronics, vol. 50, no. 4, pp. 793-799.
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This paper presents a neural network with a novel neuron model. In this model, the neuron has two activation functions and exhibits a node-to-node relationship in the hidden layer. This neural network provides better performance than a traditional feedforward neural network, and fewer hidden nodes are needed. The parameters of the proposed neural network are tuned by a genetic algorithm with arithmetic crossover and nonuniform mutation. Some applications are given to show the merits of the proposed neural network.

Ling, SS, Leung, P, Lam, H & Tam, P 2003, 'Short-term electric load forecasting based on a neural fuzzy network', IEEE Transactions On Industrial Electronics, vol. 50, no. 6, pp. 1305-1316.
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Electric load forecasting is, essential to improve the reliability of the ac power line data network and provide optimal load scheduling in an intelligent home system. In this paper, a short-term load forecasting realized by a neural fuzzy network (NFN) and a modified genetic algorithm (GA) is proposed. It can forecast the hourly load accurately with respect to different day types and weather information. By introducing new genetic operators, the modified GA performs better than the traditional GA under some benchmark test functions. The optimal network structure can be found by the modified GA when switches in the links of the network are introduced. The membership functions and the number of rules of the NFN can be obtained automatically. Results for a short-term load forecasting will be given.

Nguyen, TV, Chu, J, Sathiakumar, C & Pocock, NA 2003, 'Reproducibility and concordance in quantitative ultrasound measurements between densitometers', JOURNAL OF CLINICAL DENSITOMETRY, vol. 6, no. 4, pp. 337-344.
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Nguyen, TV, Livshits, G, Center, JR, Yakovenko, K & Eisman, JA 2003, 'Genetic determination of bone mineral density: Evidence for a major gene', JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM, vol. 88, no. 8, pp. 3614-3620.
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Phung, H, Bauman, A, Nguyen, TV, Young, L, Tran, M & Hillman, K 2003, 'Risk factors for low birth weight in a socio-economically disadvantaged population: Parity, marital status, ethnicity and cigarette smoking', EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY, vol. 18, no. 3, pp. 235-243.
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Port, L, Center, J, Briffa, NK, Nguyen, T, Cumming, R & Eisman, J 2003, 'Osteoporotic fracture: missed opportunity for intervention', OSTEOPOROSIS INTERNATIONAL, vol. 14, no. 9, pp. 780-784.
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Schwarz, D, Hutvagner, GJ, Du, T, Xu, Z & Zamore, P 2003, 'Asymmetry in the assembly of the RNAi enzyme complex', Cell, vol. 115, no. 2, pp. 199-208.
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A key step in RNA interference (RNAi) is assembly of the RISC, the protein-siRNA complex that mediates target RNA cleavage. Here, we show that the two strands of an siRNA duplex are not equally eligible for assembly into RISC. Rather, both the absolute a

Stewart, TD, Tipper, JL, Insley, G, Streicher, RM, Ingham, E & Fisher, J 2003, 'Long-term wear of ceramic matrix composite materials for hip prostheses under severe swing phase microseparation', JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL MATERIALS RESEARCH PART B-APPLIED BIOMATERIALS, vol. 66B, no. 2, pp. 567-573.
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Stewart, TD, Tipper, JL, Insley, G, Streicher, RM, Ingham, E & Fisher, J 2003, 'Severe wear and fracture of zirconia heads against alumina inserts in hip simulator studies with microseparation', Journal of Arthroplasty, vol. 18, no. 6, pp. 726-734.
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The wear of zirconia femoral heads against alumina acetabular inserts with swing-phase microseparation was investigated in a hip joint simulator. Under mild microseparation conditions, the wear was very low, with an average wear rate of 0.05 mm3/million cycles reported over 5 million cycles of testing. However, under severe microseparation conditions representative of greater joint laxity, the wear rate of zirconia against alumina increased by 2 orders of magnitude, producing severe wear and, in one case, femoral head fracture. The adverse results of this study indicate that the combination of a zirconia femoral head articulating against an alumina acetabular insert is not recommended for clinical use. The results further raise concerns over the suitability of conventional simulators in evaluating the wear of ceramic hip prostheses. © 2003 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Stewart, TD, Tipper, JL, Insley, G, Streicher, RM, Ingham, E & Fisher, J 2003, 'Severe wear and fracture of zirconia heads against alumina inserts in hip simulator studies with microseparation', JOURNAL OF ARTHROPLASTY, vol. 18, no. 6, pp. 726-734.
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Thuy, VTT, Chau, TT, Cong, ND, De, DV & Nguyen, TV 2003, 'Assessment of low bone mass in Vietnamese: comparison of QUS calcaneal ultrasonometer and data-derived T-scores', JOURNAL OF BONE AND MINERAL METABOLISM, vol. 21, no. 2, pp. 114-119.
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Tran, NT, Cairns, MJ, Dawes, IW & Arndt, GM 2003, 'Expressing functional siRNAs in mammalian cells using convergent transcription', BMC Biotechnology, vol. 3, no. 21, pp. 1-9.

Vanti, WB, Muglia, P, Nguyen, T, Cheng, R, Kennedy, JL, George, SR & O'Dowd, BF 2003, 'Discovery of a null mutation in a human trace amine receptor gene', Genomics, vol. 82, no. 5, pp. 531-536.
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G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are important mediators of signal transduction, and mutations in GPCR-encoding genes can lead to disease states. Here we describe a null mutation in an orphan GPCR-encoding gene that is predicted to inactivate completely the encoded receptor. The TA3 receptor is a putative member of the recently described mammalian trace amine receptor family, and it is expressed in the pituitary gland and skeletal muscle. We tested for the presence of the mutant form of TA3 (named TA 3-TR) in a normal population, as well as in two disease groups (ADHD and bipolar affective disorder). We found TA3-TR to be commonly expressed in all groups, with ∼20% allele frequency. We did not find any statistically significant correlation between either disease and the presence of TA3-TR.

Vanti, WB, Nguyen, T, Cheng, R, Lynch, KR, George, SR & O'Dowd, BF 2003, 'Novel human G-protein-coupled receptors', Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, vol. 305, no. 1, pp. 67-71.
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G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are important mediators of signal transduction and targets for pharmacological therapeutics. Novel receptor-ligand systems have been discovered through the identification and analysis of orphan GPCRs (oGPCRs). Here we describe the discovery of seven novel human genes encoding oGPCRs. Each novel oGPCR gene was discovered using customized searches of the GenBank genomic databases with previously known GPCR-encoding sequences. The expressed genes can now be used in assays to determine endogenous and pharmacological ligands. GPR133, GPR134, GPR135, GPR136, and GPR137 share identities with a prostate-specific odorant-like GPCR-encoding gene (PSGR). GPR138 and GPR139 share identities with an odorant-like gene derived from human erythroid cells. Transcripts encoding GPR133, GPR134, GPR135, GPR136, and GPR137 were detected in various CNS tissues. The expression of odorant-like genes in non-olfactory tissues requires further clarification, which may be achieved through the search for endogenous cognate ligands for these and other oGPCRs. © 2003 Elsevier Science (USA). All rights reserved.

Williams, S, Tipper, JL, Ingham, E, Stone, MH & Fisher, J 2003, 'In vitro analysis of the wear, wear debris and biological activity of surface-engineered coatings for use in metal-on-metal total hip replacements', Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part H: Journal of Engineering in Medicine, vol. 217, no. 3, pp. 155-163.
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Extremely low wear rates have been reported for metal-on-metal total hip replacements, but concerns remain about the effects of metal ion release, dissolution rates and toxicity. Surface-engineered coatings have the potential to improve wear resistance and reduce the biological activity of the wear debris produced. The aim of this study was to examine the wear and wear debris generation from surface-engineered coatings: titanium nitride (TiN), chromium nitride (CrN) and chromium carbon nitride (CrCN) applied to a cobalt-chrome alloy (CoCr) substrate. The coatings were articulated against themselves in a simple geometry model. The wear particles generated were characterized and the cytotoxic effect on U937 macrophages and L929 fibroblasts assessed. The CrN and CrCN coatings showed a decrease in wear compared to the CoCr bearings and produced small (less than 40 nm in length) wear particles. The wear particles released from the surface engineered bearings also showed a decreased cytotoxic effect on cells compared to the CoCr alloy debris. The reduced wear volumes coupled with the reduced cytotoxicity per unit volume of wear indicate the potential for the clinical application of this technology.

Center, JR, Nguyen, TV, Chang, KP & Eisman, JA 2003, 'When is an ankle fracture an osteoporotic fracture?', JOURNAL OF BONE AND MINERAL RESEARCH, 25th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-for-Bone-and-Mineral-Research, AMER SOC BONE & MINERAL RES, MINNEAPOLIS, MINNESOTA, pp. S359-S359.

Chung, K & Sanagavarapu, AM 2003, 'A Broadband Electromagnetically Coupled Patch Antenna with Robust Characteristics Against Layer Misalignments', Proceedings of CCECE'03, The Canadian Conference on Electrical and Computer Engineering (CCECE), IEEE Canada, Montreal, Quebec, Canada, pp. 1425-1428.

Chung, K & Sanagavarapu, AM 2003, 'A Study of Mutual Coupling Between CP Electromagnetically Coupled Patch Antennas', The 14th IEEE 2003 International Symposium on Personal, Indoor and Mobile Radio Communications Proceedings, IEEE International Symposium on Personal and Indoor Mobile Radio Conference, IEEE Press and Publishing House of Electronics Industry (PHEI), Beijing, China, pp. 1889-1893.

Chung, K & Sanagavarapu, AM 2003, 'An Investigation into an Antenna Arrays Composed of Broadband Circularly Polarised EMCP Elements at X-Band', IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium - Volume Two 2003 Digest, IEEE International Symposium on Antennas and Propagation, IEEE, Columbus, OH, USA, pp. 868-871.

Chung, K & Sanagavarapu, AM 2003, 'Design of Stacked Circular/Quasi-Elliptical Patch Array for Broadband CP Applications', ISAPE'03 Proceedings, nternational Symposium on Antennas, Propagation and EM Theory (ISAPE), IEEE Press, Central Garden Hotel, Beijing, China, pp. 62-65.
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This paper presents a design of circularly polarised 4-element planar subarrays composed of low axial-ratio stacked patch elements in X-band. The wideband circular polarisation is excited using stacked circular disc and quasi-elliptical patch that printed on a superstrate with low dielectric constant (ε = 2.2) and a high dielectric constant (ε = 6.15) material as the substrate, respectively. The proposed element exhibits low mutual coupling in two principle planes that is comparable to a single-layer inside the subarray, a pair of microstrip-line fed elements was considered and arranged in four scenarios. Low sidelobe levels and 2-dB axial-ratio bandwidth of 19.5% in addition to a boresight axial-ratio of 0.15 are achieved. Variations in gain and axial ratio other than boresight (? ? 0) in azimuth plane are also examined

Chung, K & Sanagavarapu, AM 2003, 'Mutual Coupling Between Singly-Fed Circularly Polarised Stacked Patch Antennas with Various Orientations', Proceedings of APMC'03, Asia-Pacific Microwave Conference, The Korea Electromagnetic Engineering Society (KEES), Seoul, Korea, pp. 1856-1859.

Chung, KM, Kao, WC, Sun, T & Lin, CJ 2003, 'Decomposition methods for linear support vector machines', 2003 IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ACOUSTICS, SPEECH, AND SIGNAL PROCESSING, VOL IV, PROCEEDINGS, IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, IEEE, HONG KONG, PEOPLES R CHINA, pp. 868-871.

Huang, T & Sanagavarapu, AM 2003, 'Effects of Array Mutual Coupling on Near-Field DOA Estimation', Proceedings of the 2003 Canadian Conference on Electrical and Computer Engineering, 2003 Canadian Conference on Electrical and Computer Engineering (CCECE'03), The Institute of Electrical And Electronics Engineers (IEEE), Delta Centre-Ville Hotel, Montreal, Canada, pp. 1881-1884.

Huang, T & Sanagavarapu, AM 2003, 'Novel Compensation Technique for Near-field Multi-view Microwave Imaging', Proceedings of the 2003 Asia-Pacific Microwave Conference, Asia-Pacific Microwave Conference, The Korea Electromagnetic Engineering Society KEES), Sheraton Walkerhill Hotel, Seoul, Korea, pp. 746-749.

Lam, HK, Ling, SH, Leung, FHF, Tam, PKS & Lee, Y 2003, 'Gain estimation for an AC power line data network transmitter using a neural-fuzzy network and an improved genetic algorithm', PROCEEDINGS OF THE 12TH IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON FUZZY SYSTEMS, VOLS 1 AND 2, 12th IEEE International Conference on Fuzzy Systems, IEEE, ST LOUIS, MO, pp. 167-172.

Leung, C & Al-Jumaily, A 2003, 'Combining Wavefront Propagation and Possibility Theory for Autonomous Navigation in an Indoor Environment', Proceedings of the 2003 Australasian Conference on Robotics & Automation, Australasian Conference on Robotics and Automation, ARAA (Australian Robotics & Automation Association), Brisbane, Australia, pp. 1-9.

Ling, SH, Lam, HK, Leung, FHF & Lee, YS 2003, 'A genetic algorithm based fuzzy-tuned neural network', PROCEEDINGS OF THE 12TH IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON FUZZY SYSTEMS, VOLS 1 AND 2, 12th IEEE International Conference on Fuzzy Systems, IEEE, ST LOUIS, MO, pp. 220-225.

Ling, SH, Lam, HK, Leung, FHF & Lee, YS 2003, 'A genetic algorithm based variable structure Neural Network', IECON'03: THE 29TH ANNUAL CONFERENCE OF THE IEEE INDUSTRIAL ELECTRONICS SOCIETY, VOLS 1 - 3, PROCEEDINGS, 29th Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial-Electronics-Society, IEEE, Roanoke, VA, pp. 436-441.
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Ling, SH, Lam, HK, Leung, FHF & Lee, YS 2003, 'Genetic algorithm based neural-tuned neural network', IECON'03: THE 29TH ANNUAL CONFERENCE OF THE IEEE INDUSTRIAL ELECTRONICS SOCIETY, VOLS 1 - 3, PROCEEDINGS, 29th Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial-Electronics-Society, IEEE, Roanoke, VA, pp. 2423-2428.

Ling, SH, Lam, HK, Leung, FHF & Lee, YS 2003, 'Improved genetic algorithm for economic load dispatch with valve-point loadings', IECON'03: THE 29TH ANNUAL CONFERENCE OF THE IEEE INDUSTRIAL ELECTRONICS SOCIETY, VOLS 1 - 3, PROCEEDINGS, 29th Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial-Electronics-Society, IEEE, Roanoke, VA, pp. 442-447.
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Nguyen, TV, Center, JR & Eisman, JA 2003, 'Bone-density-independent association of quantitative ultrasound measurements and fracture risk.', JOURNAL OF BONE AND MINERAL RESEARCH, 25th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-for-Bone-and-Mineral-Research, AMER SOC BONE & MINERAL RES, MINNEAPOLIS, MINNESOTA, pp. S207-S207.

Nguyen, TV, Center, JR & Eisman, JA 2003, 'How many fractures in men are attributable to low bone density?', JOURNAL OF BONE AND MINERAL RESEARCH, 25th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-for-Bone-and-Mineral-Research, AMER SOC BONE & MINERAL RES, MINNEAPOLIS, MINNESOTA, pp. S86-S86.

Nguyen, TV, Esteban, L, Gardiner, EM, Center, JR & Eisman, JA 2003, 'Genetics of hip fracture: Independent effects of the polymorphisms of the vitamin D receptor and Collagen I Alpha I genes', BONE, 1ST Joint meeting of the International-Bone-and-Mineral-Society/Japanese-Society-for-Bone-and-Mineral-Research, ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC, OSAKA, JAPAN, pp. S85-S85.

Nguyen, TV, Esteban, LM, White, CP, Grant, SF, Gardiner, EM, Center, JR & Eisman, JA 2003, 'Contribution of the vitamin D receptor and collagen I alpha 1 genes to hip fracture risk.', JOURNAL OF BONE AND MINERAL RESEARCH, 25th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-for-Bone-and-Mineral-Research, AMER SOC BONE & MINERAL RES, MINNEAPOLIS, MINNESOTA, pp. S69-S69.

Nguyen, TV, Livshits, G, Center, JR, Yakovenko, K & Eisman, JA 2003, 'Genetic determination of bone mineral density: Evidence for a major gene within families', BONE, 1ST Joint meeting of the International-Bone-and-Mineral-Society/Japanese-Society-for-Bone-and-Mineral-Research, ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC, OSAKA, JAPAN, pp. S84-S85.

Pincus, M, Nguyen, T, Keogh, A, Hayward, CS, Feneley, M & Macdonald, P 2003, 'Dobutamine stress echocardiography is predictive of events after heart transplantation', JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF CARDIOLOGY, 52nd Annual Scientific Session of the American-College-of-Cardiology, ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC, CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, pp. 210A-210A.

Sanagavarapu, AM & Tang, Z 2003, 'A Hybrid Indoor MIMO Channel Model Using Signal Clusters for Wireless Communication', The 14th IEEE 2003 International Symposium on Personal, Indoor and Mobile Radio Communications Proceedings, IEEE International Symposium on Personal and Indoor Mobile Radio Conference, IEEE Press and Publishing House of Electronics Industry, Beijing International Conference Centre, China, pp. 1815-1818.

Stewart, TD, Williams, S, Tipper, JL, Ingham, E, Stone, MH & Fisher, J 2003, 'Advances in simulator testing of orthopaedic joint prostheses', Tribology Series, pp. 291-296.
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This paper reports on recent advances in hip joint simulator wear testing which incorporate joint laxity and micro-separation/subluxation of the bearing surfaces into the swing phase of the walking cycle. Under these microseparation conditions the wear of ceramic on ceramic and metal on metal bearings increased by 4 and 25 times respectively, compared to conventional simulation. In contrast, the wear of ceramic on UHMWPE bearings decreased by 4 times possibly due to enhanced squeeze film lubrication brought about by the joint separation. The results show that microseparation simulator wear testing can reproduce clinically relevant wear rates, wear mechanisms and wear debris for hip prostheses.

Tang, Z & Sanagavarapu, AM 2003, 'A Correlated Indoor MIMO Channel Model', IEEE Canadian Conference on Electrical and Computer Engineering Proceedings, The Canadian Conference on Electrical and Computer Engineering (CCECE), IEEE Canada, Montreal, Canada, pp. 1889-1892.

Tang, Z & Sanagavarapu, AM 2003, 'Evaluation of the Performance of Indoor MIMO Systems', 2003 6th International Symposium on Antennas, Propagation and EM Theory Proceedings, International Symposium on Antennas, Propagation and EM Theory (ISAPE), IEEE Press, Beijing, China, pp. 553-555.

Tang, Z & Sanagavarapu, AM 2003, 'Modelling of a Non-Isotropic Indoor MIMO Channel', IEEE Antennas and Propagaiont Society International Symposium - Volume 1, IEEE International Symposium on Antennas and Propagation, IEEE, Columbus, Ohio, USA, pp. 114-117.

Tang, Z & Sanagavarapu, AM 2003, 'The Effect of Mutual Coupling Between Antenna Elements on the Performance of Indoor MIMO Systems', Proceedings of APMC'03, Asia-Pacific Microwave Conference, The Korea Electromagnetic Engineering Society (KEES), Sheraton Walker Hotel, Seoul, Korea, pp. 1764-1767.

Thakkinstian, A, D'Este, C, Eisman, J, Nguyen, T & Attia, J 2003, 'Meta-analysis of molecular association studies: The vitamin D receptor gene polymorphisms and bone mineral density as a case study.', JOURNAL OF BONE AND MINERAL RESEARCH, 25th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-for-Bone-and-Mineral-Research, AMER SOC BONE & MINERAL RES, MINNEAPOLIS, MINNESOTA, pp. S324-S324.