Publications

Rott, H & Williams, M-A 2001, 'Introduction' in Applied Logic Series, Springer Netherlands, pp. 1-6.
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Williams, M-A 2001, 'An Operational Measure of Similarity Based on Change' in Applied Logic Series, Springer Netherlands, pp. 135-145.
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Balsys, RJ & Suffern, KG 2001, 'Visualisation of Implicit Surfaces', Computers & Graphics, vol. 25, no. 1, pp. 89-107.
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Boyer, LE, Williams, M, Calker, LC & Marshall, ES 2001, 'Hispanic women's perceptions regarding cervical cancer screening', Journal of obstetric, gynecologic, and neonatal nursing : JOGNN / NAACOG, vol. 30, no. 2, pp. 240-245.
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OBJECTIVE: To examine factors affecting cervical cancer screening behaviors. DESIGN: Qualitative, descriptive. SETTING: Interviews were conducted in participants' homes. PARTICIPANTS: Purposive sample of 20 Hispanic women 18 to 65 years of age. RESULTS: Participants accessed the health care system primarily during times of illness or in association with impending marriage, obtaining birth control, or childbearing. Barriers to screening participation included personal/cultural and provider/ system factors. Motivators included personal experience with others having cervical cancer, perceived importance of the Pap smear in maintaining health, reduction of financial barriers, and access to culturally appropriate health care. CONCLUSIONS: Factors affecting cervical cancer screening behavior among Hispanic women are identifiable and describable. Knowledge of barriers and motivators can be utilized to design effective nursing interventions and community-based programs.

De Cooman, G, Zhang, G & E. Kerre, E 2001, 'Possibility measures and possibility integrals defined on a complete lattice', Fuzzy Sets and Systems, vol. 120, no. 3, pp. 459-467.
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We consider the definition of possibility measures on complete lattices rather than on complete Boolean algebras of sets. We give a necessary and sufficient condition for the extendability of any mapping to such a possibility measure. We also associate two types of integrals with these possibility measures, and discuss some of their more important properties, amongst which a monotone convergence theorem. © 2001 Elsevier Science B.V.

de Cooman, G, Zhang, G & Kerre, EE 2001, 'Possibility measures and possibility integrals defined on a complete lattice', Fuzzy Sets and Systems, vol. 120, no. 3, pp. 459-467.
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J. J., W, S. H., L, Lin, C & J. H., H 2001, 'Modeling the arterial unloaded situation in oscillometric blood pressure waveform measurement using fuzzy logic control'.

Jia, W, Zhou, W & Kaiser, J 2001, 'Efficient algorithm for mobile multicast using anycast group', IEE Proceedings: Communications, vol. 148, no. 1, pp. 14-18.
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The authors present a novel and efficient multicast algorithm that aims to reduce delay and communication cost for the registration between mobile nodes and mobility agents and solicitation for foreign agent services based on the mobile IP. The protocol applies anycast group technology to support multicast transmissions for both mobile nodes and home/foreign agents. Mobile hosts use anycast tunnelling to connect to the nearest available home/foreign agent where an agent is able to forward the multicast messages by selecting an anycast route to a multicast router so as to reduce the end-to-end delay. The performance analysis and experiments demonstrated that the proposed algorithm is able to enhance the performance over existing remote subscription and bidirectional tunnelling approaches regardless of the locations of mobile nodes/hosts.

Juang, CF & Lin, CT 2001, 'Noisy speech processing by recurrently adaptive fuzzy filters', IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON FUZZY SYSTEMS, vol. 9, no. 1, pp. 139-152.
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Kennedy, PJ & Osborn, T 2001, 'A Model of Gene Expression and Regulation in an Artificial Cellular Organism', Complex Systems, vol. 13, no. 1.
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Gene expression and regulation may be viewed as a parallel parsing algorithm---translation from a genomic language to a phenotype. We describe a model of gene expression and regulation based on the operon model of Jacob and Monod. Operons are groups of genes regulated in the same way. An artificial cellular metabolism expresses operons encoded on a genome in a parallel genomic language. This is accomplished using an abstract entity called a spider. A genetic algorithm is used to evolve the simulated cells to adapt to a simple environment. Genomes are subjected to recombination, mutation, and inversion operators. Observations from this experiment suggest four areas to explore: dynamic environments for the evolution of regulation, advantages of time lags inherent in the expression algorithm, sensitivity of our genomic language, and noncoding regions on the genome. Issues relating to the application of the expression model to evolutionary computation are discussed.

Lin, CT, Chung, IF & Huang, SY 2001, 'Improvement of machining accuracy by fuzzy logic at corner parts for wire-EDM', FUZZY SETS AND SYSTEMS, vol. 122, no. 3, pp. 499-511.
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Liu, DJ & Lin, CT 2001, 'Fundamental frequency estimation based on the joint time-frequency analysis of harmonic spectral structure', IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON SPEECH AND AUDIO PROCESSING, vol. 9, no. 6, pp. 609-621.

Liu, SH & Lin, CT 2001, 'A model-based fuzzy logic controller with Kalman filtering for tracking mean arterial pressure', IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON SYSTEMS MAN AND CYBERNETICS PART A-SYSTEMS AND HUMANS, vol. 31, no. 6, pp. 676-686.
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Liu, W & Williams, MA 2001, 'A framework for multi-agent belief revision', Studia Logica, vol. 67, no. 2, pp. 291-312.
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Nein, HW & Lin, CT 2001, 'Incorporating error shaping technique into LSF vector quantization', IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON SPEECH AND AUDIO PROCESSING, vol. 9, no. 2, pp. 73-86.
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Peppas, P, Koutras, CD & Williams, MA 2001, 'Prolegomena to concise theories of action', Studia Logica, vol. 67, no. 3, pp. 403-418.
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A new methodology for developing theories of action has recently emerged which provides means for formally evaluating the correctness of such theories. Yet, for a theory of action to qualify as a solution to the frame problem, not only does it need to produce correct inferences, but moreover, it needs to derive these inferences from a concise representation of the domain at hand. The new methodology however offers no means for assessing conciseness. Such a formal account of conciseness is developed in this paper. Combined with the existing criterion for correctness, our account of conciseness offers a framework where proposed solutions to the frame problem can be formally evaluated. © 2001 Kluwer Academic Publishers.

Redshaw, S 2001, 'Changing driving behaviour - A cultural approach', AUSTRALIAN JOURNAL OF SOCIAL ISSUES, vol. 36, no. 4, pp. 315-331.
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Wang, CH, Liu, HL & Lin, CT 2001, 'Dynamic optimal learning rates of a certain class of fuzzy neural networks and its applications with genetic algorithm', IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON SYSTEMS MAN AND CYBERNETICS PART B-CYBERNETICS, vol. 31, no. 3, pp. 467-475.
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Wang, L, Zhou, W & Jia, W 2001, 'The design and implementation of an active replication scheme for distributing services in a cluster of workstations', Journal of Systems and Software, vol. 58, no. 3, pp. 199-210.
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Replication is the key to providing high availability, fault tolerance, and enhanced performance in a cluster of workstations (COWs). However, building such a system remains as a difficult and challenging task, mainly due to the difficulty of maintaining data consistency among replicas and the lack of easy and efficient tools supporting the development procedure. In this paper we propose an active replication scheme in which data consistency can be maintained. Based on the active replication scheme, we present an object-oriented design pattern and a constructing tool to simplify the design and implementation of service replications in COWs. © 2001 Elsevier Science Inc. All rights reserved.

Wu, GD & Lin, CT 2001, 'A recurrent neural fuzzy network for word boundary detection in variable noise-level environments', IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON SYSTEMS MAN AND CYBERNETICS PART B-CYBERNETICS, vol. 31, no. 1, pp. 84-97.
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Wu, SJ & Lin, CT 2001, 'Optimal fuzzy tracking controller design for discrete-time fuzzy systems', Zidonghua Xuebao/Acta Automatica Sinica, vol. 27, no. 4, pp. 477-494.
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In this paper, we propose a systematic and theoretically sound way to design a global optimal fuzzy tracking controller for discrete-time fuzzy systems with the aim of solving the discrete-time quadratic tracking problems with moving or model-following targets under finite or infinite horizon (time). A linear-like dynamical system representation of discrete-time fuzzy system is proposed to mature the theoretical design scheme of the discrete-time optimal fuzzy tracking controller which can achieve global minimum effect. A multistage decomposition of optimization scheme is proposed to simplify the computation, and then a segmental recursive Riccati-like equation and a difference equation in tracing the variation of the target are derived. Moreover, in the case of time-invariant fuzzy tracking systems, we show that the optimal tracking controller can be obtained by just solving discrete-time algebraic Riccati-like equations and algebraic matrix equations. An example is given to illustrate the proposed opti mal fuzzy tracker design scheme.

Zhang, G & Wu, Y 2001, 'On lattice-valued functions I: Simple functions on the lattice', Journal of Fuzzy Mathematics, vol. 9, no. 1, pp. 233-243.

Zhang, G & Wu, Y 2001, 'On lattice-valued functions II: Borel functions on the lattice', Journal of Fuzzy Mathematics, vol. 9, no. 2, pp. 373-379.

Zhang, G, Kerre, EE, Wu, Y & Teo, KL 2001, 'Necessity measures and necessity integrals defined on complete lattice', International Journal of General Systems, vol. 30, no. 3, pp. 241-260.
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Zhao, F & Zhang, G 2001, 'Hahn and Jordan decompositions of signed fuzzy number-valued measure on the fuzzy set', The Journal of Fuzzy mathematics, vol. 9, no. 2, pp. 461-471.

Benferhat, S, Kaci, S, Le Berre, D & Williams, MA 2001, 'Weakening conflicting information for iterated revision and knowledge integration', IJCAI International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence, pp. 109-115.
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The ability to handle exceptions, to perform iterated belief revision and to integrate information from multiple sources are essential skills for an intelligent agent. These important skills are related in the sense that they all rely on resolving inconsistent information. We develop a novel and useful strategy for conflict resolution, and compare and contrast it with existing strategies. Ideally the process of conflict resolution should conform with the principle of Minimal Change and should result in the minimal loss of information. Our approach to minimizing the loss of information is to weaken information involved in conflicts rather than completely removing it. We implemented and tested the relative performance of our new strategy in three different ways. We show that it retains more information than the existing Maxi-Adjustment strategy at no extra computational cost. Surprisingly, we are able to demonstrate that it provides a computationally effective compilation of the lexicographical strategy, a strategy which is known to have desirable theoretical properties.

Chung, IF & Lin, CT 2001, 'A neuro-fuzzy combiner for multiobjective control', JOINT 9TH IFSA WORLD CONGRESS AND 20TH NAFIPS INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE, PROCEEDINGS, VOLS. 1-5, 9th International-Fuzzy-Systems-Association World Congress/20th North-American-Fuzzy-Information-Processing-Society, International Conference, IEEE, VANCOUVER, CANADA, pp. 1384-1389.

Duh, FB & Lin, CT 2001, 'Tracking a maneuvering target using neural fuzzy network', 10TH IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON FUZZY SYSTEMS, VOLS 1-3, 10th IEEE International Conference on Fuzzy Systems, IEEE, UNIV MELBOURNE, MELBOURNE, AUSTRALIA, pp. 1255-1258.

Huang, M 2001, 'Information Visualization of Attributed Relational Data', Proceedings of Australian Symposium on Information Visualization 2001, Australian Symposium on Information Visualisation, Australian Computer Society, Sydney, pp. 143-150.

Huang, M 2001, 'Multi-Ani: A interface for animating multiple graph drawing algorithms', Proceedings of International Conference on Imaging Science, Systems, and Technology (CISST 2001), International Conference Imaging Science, Systems and Technology, CSREA Press, Las Vegas, USA, pp. 581-585.

Huang, M & Zhou, B 2001, 'Improving the quality of Visual Web Browsing by using weighted graph drawing', Proceedings of 2nd International Conference on Internet Computing (IC 2001), International Conference on Internet Computing, CSREA Press, Las Vegas, USA, pp. 957-962.

Huang, M & Zhou, B 2001, 'Web-Based multimedia application design using the MOR', Proceedings of 2nd International Conference on Internet Computing (IC 2001), International Conference on Internet Computing, CSREA Press, Las Vegas, USA, pp. 970-975.

Kennedy, PJ & Osborn, T 2001, 'A double-stranded Encoding Scheme with inversion operator for Genetic Algorithms', Proceedings of Genetic and Evolutionary Computation Conference, Genetic and Evolutionary Computation Conference, Morgan Kaufmann, San Francisco, USA, pp. 398-407.

Lang, J, Marquis, P & Williams, MA 2001, 'Updating epistemic states', Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics), pp. 297-308.
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© Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2001. Belief update is usually defined by means of operators acting on belief sets. We propose here belief update operators acting on epistemic states which convey much more information than belief sets since they express the relative plausibilities of the pieces of information believed by the agent. In the following, epistemic states are encoded as rankings on worlds. We extend a class of update operators (dependency- based updates) to epistemic states, by defining an operation playing the same role as knowledge transmutations [21] do for belief revision.

Leaney, J 2001, 'System Composition Strategies, a position paper for an ECBS panel - My position: Analogy questionable, intentions estimable.', EIGHTH ANNUAL IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE AND WORKSHOP ON THE ENGINEERING OF COMPUTER BASED SYSTEMS, PROCEEDINGS, 8th Annual IEEE International Conference and Workshop on the Engineering of Computer Based Systems (ECBS), IEEE COMPUTER SOC, WASHINGTON, D.C., pp. 30-31.

Leaney, JR, Rowe, D, O'Neill, T, Hoye, S & Gionis, P 2001, 'Measuring the effectiveness of computer based systems : an open system measurement example', Proceedings of ECBS '01, IEEE International Conference and Workshop on the Engineering of Computer Based Systems, IEEE, Washington DC USA.

Lin, CT, Chung, IF & Lin, JY 2001, 'Multipurpose virtual-reality-based motion simulator', Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man and Cybernetics, pp. 2846-2851.
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Public security has become an important issue everywhere. Especially, the safe manipulation and control of various machines and vehicles has gained special attention such that the authorities keep emphasizing the strict training and censoring of human operators. Currently, such training and censoring process usually relies on the actual machines, equipment, or vehicles in the real sites. This not only has high demands in space, time and cost, but also causes another phase of public security problem. In this connection, the world-wide trend is to tackle the above dilemma by using virtual reality (VR). However, the current researches or products on VR are more matured in the software display part of VR. How to combine 3D VR display with motion platform to achieve the aforementioned training and censoring purposes is an important research issue. This paper focuses on this research issue, and the goal is to develop a multipurpose virtual-reality-based motion simulation system to meet the requirements of public security in training and censoring of human operators.

Lister, R 2001, 'Objectives and objective assessment in CS1', SIGCSE Bulletin (Association for Computing Machinery, Special Interest Group on Computer Science Education), pp. 292-296.
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When designing a first semester "CS1" programming subject, I advocate "truth in sentencing". That is, the objectives should be explicit, and the assessment tasks should reflect the objectives. This may appear to be a statement of the obvious, but few subjects satisfy these criteria. The traditional CS1 approach is to set students the task of writing extensive code, as early as possible. On closer inspection of such subjects, one finds marking schemes for exams and assignments that are generous to the point of being inconsistent with the subject objectives. Instead, students should not write any original code in CS1, and should be examined by multiple choice question.

Lister, R & Jerram, P 2001, 'Design for Web-based on-demand multiple choice exams using XML', Proceedings - IEEE International Conference on Advanced Learning Technologies, ICALT 2001, pp. 383-384.
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We describe a Web based system for the delivery and marking of multiple-choice questions. While other Web systems exist that deliver such exams, those systems require either the manual mark-up of static exam questions, or generate different versions of an exam with limited variability. Such approaches result in exams that should only be administered once to a specific student. Our system is more general in how it generates different versions of an exam, using XML. © 2001 IEEE.

Lister, RF & Jerram, P 2001, 'Minimal Mark-Up of multiple choice exams using XML', Proceedings of ASCILITE 2001, Annual Conference of the Australasian Society for Computers in Learning in Tertiary Education, Biomedical Multimedia Unit, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, pp. 101-104.
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We describe a minimal XML mark-up for multiple choice exams. In our system, exams may be generated at anytime, by choosing a subset of questions from a pool. Furthermore, the system randomises the order of the choices within each chosen question. Thus a student may sit the exam many times. Our first version of this system has been described elsewhere. In this paper, we discuss the limitations of our first system that led to our current work, and give a description of the new system features, including XML tags for supporting collaborative authoring.

Lister, RF, Smith, I, Ray, M & Hawson, G 2001, 'Naïve Bayesian Prediction of bleeding after heart by-pass surgery', Proceedings of ANZIIS 2001, ANZIIS 2001, Australian Research Centre for Medical Engineering, University of WA, Perth, WA, pp. 317-321.

Liu, SH, Lin, CT & Wang, JJ 2001, 'A model-based fuzzy logic controller for tracking mean arterial pressure', IEEE International Conference on Fuzzy Systems, pp. 1495-1497.
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This paper proposes a new noninvasive measurement method for tracking the tendency of mean arterial pressure (MAP) in the radial artery. The designed system consists of a tonometer, a micro syringe device, and a model-based fuzzy logic controller. The proposed control system consists of a linear predictor, and a synthetic fuzzy logic controller (SFLC). The design of the fuzzy rules in each subcontroller is based on the oscillometric principle saying that the arterial vessel has the maximum compliance when the detected vessel volume pulse reaches its maximum amplitude.

O'Neill, T & Leaney, JR 2001, 'Risk Management of an Open CBS Project', Proceedings of ECBS '01, IEEE International Conference and Workshop on the Engineering of Computer Based Systems, IEEE, Washington DC.

Sinnappan, S, Williams, MA & Muthaly, S 2001, 'Agent based architecture for internet marketing', Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence (Subseries of Lecture Notes in Computer Science), pp. 158-169.
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© 2001 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg. In the current highly competitive era of e-commerce, many firms are focusing their attention on forging and nurturing customer relationships. Businesses not only need to discover and capitalize actionable marketing intelligence but they also need to manipulate this valuable information to improve their relationship with their customer base. In this paper we describe an agent architecture paired with web mining techniques that provides personalized web sessions to nurture customer relationship by: Merging information from heterogeneous sources. Dealing with change in a dynamic environment. Handling decisions that need to be made with information that is incomplete and/or uncertain. Our agents are based on the BDI1 framework implemented using JACK2. and Java Server Pages. We envisage that our intelligent software agents inhabit a market space where they work for the benefit of businesses engaged in customer-To-business and business-To-business electronic commerce. The key contribution and focus of this paper is the development of an agent framework that ensures successful customer relationship management.

van den Hoven, E & Eggen, B 2001, 'A Graspable User-Interface for an Ambient-Intelligent Photo Browser', I3 Spring Days 2001, I3 Spring Days 2001, I3 Spring Days, Porto, Portugal.
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A novel intuitive user interface has been created for a context-aware, portable Photo Browser. When brought into an Ambient Intelligent room, the Photo Browser is able to recognize the presence of people and objects, and to discover available output devices and services. Photos can be associated with everyday ornaments, like holiday souvenirs. When such an ornament is placed near the Photo Browser the associated selection of photos is immediately presented.

Williams, M & Gardenfors, P 2001, 'Reasoning about Categories in Conceptual Spaces', Proceedings of the Seventeenth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence, International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence, Morgan Kaufmann, Seattle Washington, pp. 385-392.
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IJCAI is the most prestigious international conference in AI. This paper provided the first computational model for conceptual spaces which can be applied in cognitive agents.

Wu, GD & Lin, CT 2001, 'Noisy speech segmentation with multiband analysis and recurrent neural fuzzy network', JOINT 9TH IFSA WORLD CONGRESS AND 20TH NAFIPS INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE, PROCEEDINGS, VOLS. 1-5, 9th International-Fuzzy-Systems-Association World Congress/20th North-American-Fuzzy-Information-Processing-Society, International Conference, IEEE, VANCOUVER, CANADA, pp. 540-544.

Zhang, H, Back, B & Zhou, WL 2001, 'The design and implementation of a traffic accident analysis system', Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics), pp. 476-481.
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© Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2001. We designed and implemented a traffic accident analysis system (TAAS) in the paper. TAAS is the system faced traffic accident analysis, which uses the traffic rules (law) as knowledge sources to judge if the driver is responsible for a traffic accident. TAAS has characteristics of separating knowledge base and inference engine, using production rule and backward chaining. Besides, TAAS used predefined text and tracing program to realize explanation mechanism.

Zhou, W & Wang, L 2001, 'Automating the construction of replicated objects in a cluster of workstations', Proceedings - 1st IEEE/ACM International Symposium on Cluster Computing and the Grid, CCGrid 2001, pp. 634-639.
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This paper describes a tool that mimics the design of the remote procedure call (RPC) system to support the building of replicated objects in a cluster of workstations (COW). The tools include an interface definition language for describing a replica group, a language preprocessor and a runtime library system. The paper also presents one example and discusses some performance issues for replicated objects. © 2001 IEEE.

Mann, G, Armstrong, B, Preston, P & Drake, BJ University of New South Wales 2001, A Dynamically-Balanced Walking Biped, no. UNSW-CSE-TR-0110.