Publications

Ling, SS 2010, Genetic Algorithm and Variable Feed-Forward Neural Networks: Theory and Application, 1, Lambert Academic Publishing, Germany.
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This thesis focuses on the real-coded genetic algorithm and different topologies of feedforward neural networks. Results in the following areas will be reported: (1) a real-coded genetic algorithm with new crossover and mutation operations, and its applications; (2) three different topologies of variable feed-forward neural networks, and their applications to shortterm electric load forecasting in Hong Kong and hand~written graffiti recognition.

Ahmad, M, Dutkiewicz, E, Huang, X & Suaidi, M 2010, 'Cooperative MIMO Systems in Wireless Sensor Networks' in Radio Communications.

Guo, W, Xu, C, Ma, S & Xu, M 2010, 'Visual Attention Based Motion Object Detection and Trajectory Tracking' in Qiu, G, Lam, KM, Kiya, H, Xue, XY, Kuo, CCJ & Lew, MS (eds), Advances in Multimedia Information Processing - PCM 2010, Springer Berlin Heidelberg, Germany, pp. 462-470.
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A motion trajectory tracking method using a novel visual attention model and kernel density estimation is proposed in this paper. As a crucial step, moving objects detection is based on visual attention. The visual attention model is built by combination of the static and motion feature attention map and a Karhunen-Loeve transform (KLT) distribution map. Since the visual attention analysis is conducted on object level instead of pixel level, the proposed method can detect any kinds of motion objects provided saliency without the affection of objects appearance and surrounding circumstance. After locating the region of moving object, the kernel density is estimated for trajectory tracking. The experimental results show that the proposed method is promising for moving objects detection and trajectory tracking. © 2010 Springer-Verlag.

Nanda, P & He, X 2010, 'Scalable Internet Architecture Supporting Quality of Service (QoS)' in etal, KCL (ed), Handbook of Research on Scalable Computing Technologies, IGI Global, USA, pp. 739-759.
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The evolution of Internet and its successful technologies has brought a tremendous growth in business, education, research etc. over the last four decades. With the dramatic advances in multimedia technologies and the increasing popularity of real-time applications, recently Quality of Service (QoS) support in the Internet has been in great demand. Deployment of such applications over the Internet in recent years, and the trend to manage them efficiently with a desired QoS in mind, researchers have been trying for a major shift from its Best Effort (BE) model to a service oriented model. Such efforts have resulted in Integrated Services (Intserv), Differentiated Services (Diffserv), Multi Protocol Label Switching (MPLS), Policy Based Networking (PBN) and many more technologies. But the reality is that such models have been implemented only in certain areas in the Internet not everywhere and many of them also faces scalability problem while dealing with huge number of traffic flows with varied priority levels in the Internet. As a result, an architecture addressing scalability problem and satisfying end-to-end QoS still remains a big issue in the Internet. In this chapter the authors propose a policy based architecture which they believe can achieve scalability while offering end to end QoS in the Internet.

Raad, I & Huang, X 2010, 'A New Approach to BSOFDM - Parallel Concatenated Spreading Matrices OFDM' in Fourth-Generation Wireless Networks: Applications and Innovations.

Riduan, M, Dutkiewicz, E, Huang, X & Kadim, M 2010, 'Optimal Cooperative MIMO Scheme in Wireless Sensor Networks' in Radio Communications, InTech.
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Tran, TP, Tsai, PC, Jan, T & Kong, X 2010, 'Network Intrusion Detection using Multi- expert Classification and Voting Techniques' in Yagang Zhang (ed), Machines Learning, In-Tech Education and Publishing, Vienna, Austria, pp. 267-290.
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As the result of recent advent and rapid growth of the Internet, there have been an increasing number of corporations relying on computers and networks for communications and critical business transactions. Because of the network complexity and advanced hacking techniques, such reliance on computer networks often presents unanticipated risks and vulnerabilities. A huge volume of attacks on major sites and networks have been recently reported including those of private companies, government agencies and even military classified networks. Therefore, it is important to deploy protection measures for networks and their services from unauthorized modification, destruction, or disclosure of sensitive information. Intrusion detection systems (IDS) have emerged as an important part of todays network security infrastructure which can monitor the network traffic and detect possible attacks. Currently existing IDS suffer from low detection accuracy and system robustness for new and rare security breaches.

van Schaik, A, Hamilton, TJ & Jin, C 2010, 'Silicon Models of the Auditory Pathway' in Computational Models of the Auditory System, Springer US, pp. 261-276.
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Wu, Q & He, X 2010, 'Image Partitioning on Spiral Architecture' in etal, KCL (ed), Handbook of Research on Scalable Computing Technologies, IGI Global, USA, pp. 808-840.
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Spiral Architecture is a relatively new and powerful approach to image processing. It contains very useful geometric and algebraic properties. Based on the abundant research achievements in the past decades, it is shown that Spiral Architecture will play an increasingly important role in image processing and computer vision. This chapter presents a significant application of Spiral Architecture for distributed image processing. It demonstrates the impressive characteristics of spiral architecture for high performance image processing. The proposed method tackles several challenging practical problems during the implementation. The proposed method reduces the data communication between the processing nodes and is configurable. Moreover, the proposed partitioning scheme has a consistent approach: after image partitioning each sub-image should be a representative of the original one without changing the basic object, which is important to the related image processing operations.

Xu, M, He, X, Jin, JS, Peng, Y, Xu, C & Guo, W 2010, 'Using Scripts for Affective Content Retrieval' in Qiu, G, Lam, KM, Kiya, H, Xue, XY, Kuo, CCJ & Lew, MS (eds), Advances in Multimedia Information Processing - PCM 2010, Springer Berlin Heidelberg, Germany, pp. 43-51.
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Movie affective content analysis attracts increasing research efforts since affective content not only affect users attentions but also locate movie highlights. However, affective content retrieval is still a challenging task due to the limitation of affective features in movies. Scripts provide direct access to the movie content and represent affective aspects of the movie. In this paper, we utilize scripts as an important clue to retrieve video affective content. The proposed approach includes two main steps. Firstly, affective script partitions are extracted by detecting emotional words. Secondly, affective partitions are validated by using visual and auditory features. The results are encouraging and compared with the manually labelled ground truth. © 2010 Springer-Verlag.

Abry, P, Borgnat, P, Ricciato, F, Scherrer, A & Veitch, D 2010, 'Revisiting an old friend: on the observability of the relation between long range dependence and heavy tail', Telecommunication Systems, vol. 43, no. 3-4, pp. 147-165.
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Adistambha, K, Davis, SJ, Ritz, CH & Burnett, IS 2010, 'Efficient multimedia query-by-content from mobile devices', COMPUTERS & ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING, vol. 36, no. 4, pp. 626-642.
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Agrawal, A, Kejalakshmy, N, Rahman, BMA & Grattan, KTV 2010, 'Polarization and dispersion properties of elliptical hole golden spiral photonic crystal fiber', Applied Physics B, vol. 99, no. 4, pp. 717-726.
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Al Amri, H, Abolhasan, M & Wysocki, T 2010, 'Scalability of MANET routing protocols for heterogeneous and homogenous networks', COMPUTERS & ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING, vol. 36, no. 4, pp. 752-765.
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In Mobile Ad hoc Network (MANET), mobility, traffic and node density are main network conditions that significantly affect performance of routing protocols. Much of the previous research in MANET routing have focused on developing strategies, which suit one specific networking scenario. Therefore, there is no existing protocol that can work well in all different networking scenarios. This paper reviews characteristics of several different classes of routing protocols. Moreover, most of current routing protocols assume homogeneous networking conditions where all nodes have the same capabilities and resources. This paper presents extensive studies simulations for DSR, AODV, LAR1, FSR and WRP in homogenous and heterogeneous networks that consist of different nodes with different resources. The results showed that while all protocols perform reasonably well in homogenous networking conditions, their performance suffer significantly over heterogonous networks.

Athab, HS & Lu, DD-C 2010, 'A High-Efficiency AC/DC Converter With Quasi-Active Power Factor Correction', IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, vol. 25, no. 5, pp. 1103-1109.
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Athab, HS & Lu, DD-C 2010, 'Simple controller for single-phase power factor correction rectifier', IET Power Electronics, vol. 3, no. 4, pp. 590-590.
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Balasubramanian, V & Hoang, DB 2010, 'Reliability Measure Model for Assistive Care Loop Framework Using Wireless Sensor Networks', JOURNAL OF HEALTHCARE ENGINEERING, vol. 1, no. 2, pp. 239-254.
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Body area wireless sensor networks (BAWSNs) are time-critical systems that rely on the collective data of a group of sensor nodes. Reliable data received at the sink is based on the collective data provided by all the source sensor nodes and not on individual data. Unlike conventional reliability, the definition of retransmission is inapplicable in a BAWSN and would only lead to an elapsed data arrival that is not acceptable for time-critical application. Time-driven applications require high data reliability to maintain detection and responses. Hence, the transmission reliability for the BAWSN should be based on the critical time. In this paper, we develop a theoretical model to measure a BAWSN's transmission reliability, based on the critical time. The proposed model is evaluated through simulation and then compared with the experimental results conducted in our existing Active Care Loop Framework (ACLF). We further show the effect of the sink buffer in transmission reliability after a detailed study of various other co-existing parameters.

Bernardo, DV & Hoang, DB 2010, 'Securing data transfer in the cloud through introducing identification packet and UDT-authentication option field: a characterization', International Journal of Network Security & Its Applications (IJNSA), Vol.2, No.4, October 2010, vol. 2, no. 4, pp. 13-28.
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The emergence of various technologies has since pushed researchers to developnew protocols that support high density data transmissions in Wide AreaNetworks. Many of these protocols are TCP protocol variants, which havedemonstrated better performance in simulation and several limited networkexperiments but have limited practical applications because of implementationand installation difficulties. On the other hand, users who need to transferbulk data (e.g., in grid/cloud computing) usually turn to application levelsolutions where these variants do not fair well. Among protocols considered inthe application level solutions are UDP-based protocols, such as UDT (UDP-basedData Transport Protocol) for cloud /grid computing. Despite the promisingdevelopment of protocols like UDT, what remains to be a major challenge thatcurrent and future network designers face is to achieve survivability andsecurity of data and networks. Our previous research surveyed various securitymethodologies which led to the development of a framework for UDT. In thispaper we present lowerlevel security by introducing an Identity Packet (IP) andAuthentication Option (AO) for UDT.

Burnham, DR, Reece, PJ & McGloin, D 2010, 'Parameter exploration of optically trapped liquid aerosols', Physical Review E, vol. 82, no. 5.
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Cai, Y, Guo, YJ & Weily, AR 2010, 'A Frequency-Reconfigurable Quasi-Yagi Dipole Antenna', IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters, vol. 9, pp. 883-886.
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A new frequency-reconfigurable quasi-Yagi dipole antenna is presented. It consists of a driven dipole element with two varactors in two arms, a director with an additional varactor, a truncated ground plane reflector, a microstrip-to-coplanar-stripline (CPS) transition, and a novel biasing circuit. The effective electrical length of the director element and that of the driven arms are adjusted together by changing the biasing voltages. A 35% continuously frequency-tuning bandwidth, from 1.80 to 2.45 GHz, is achieved. This covers a number of wireless communication systems, including 3G UMTS, US WCS, and WLAN. The length-adjustable director allows the endfire pattern with relatively high gain to be maintained over the entire tuning bandwidth. Measured results show that the gain varies from 5.6 to 7.6 dBi and the front-to-back ratio is better than 10 dB. The H-plane cross polarization is below -15 dB, and that in the E-plane is below -20 dB. © 2006 IEEE.

Cai, Y, Guo, YJ, Qin, PY, Weily, AR & IEEE 2010, 'Frequency Reconfigurable Quasi-Yagi Dipole Antenna', 2010 IEEE ANTENNAS AND PROPAGATION SOCIETY INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM, vol. 58, pp. 2742-2747.

Chaczko, Z, Aboura, K & Agbinya, J 2010, 'Software Engineering for Mapping Radio Frequency Pollution', International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications, vol. 56, no. 2, pp. 129-136.
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Software Engineering for Mapping Radio Frequency PollutionElectromagnetic fields radiation has raised concerns within several segments of the population in the past three decades. Many studies proved inconclusive, in part due to the scarcity of data. We propose the idea of a geographical model based radiation pollution database. We discuss networked sensing technology for detection and monitoring of electromagnetic fields. We elaborate on software engineering issues for the visualization in real time of electromagnetic field mappings and the dissemination of information through various means and levels of access. We propose the database be complimented by a data algorithmic software solution for the extraction of patterns.

Chiu, C, Chaczko, Z & Moses, P 2010, 'Sensor Actor Network Modeling utilizing the Holonic Architectural Framework', International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications, vol. 56, no. 1, pp. 49-54.
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Sensor Actor Network Modeling utilizing the Holonic Architectural FrameworkThis paper discusses the results of utilizing advanced EKM modeling techniques to manage Sensor-Actor networks (SANETs) based upon the Holonic Architectural Framework. EKMs allow a quantitative analysis of an algorithmic artificial neural network process by using an indirect-mapping EKM to self-organize from a given input space to administer SANET routing and clustering functions with a control parameter space. Results demonstrate that in comparison to linear approximation techniques, indirect mapping with EKMs provide fluid control and feedback mechanisms by operating in a continuous sensory control space - thus enabling interactive detection and optimization of events in real-time environments.

Da Xu, RY & Kemp, M 2010, 'Fitting Multiple Connected Ellipses to an Image Silhouette Hierarchically', IEEE Transactions on Image Processing, vol. 19, no. 7, pp. 1673-1682.
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In this paper, we seek to fit a model, specified in terms of connected ellipses, to an image silhouette. Some algorithms that have attempted this problem are sensitive to initial guesses and also may converge to a wrong solution when they attempt to mini

Ding, F, Huang, X, Wen, B & Yan, Z 2010, 'Aliasing radar receiver in FMICW system', IEICE Electronics Express, vol. 7, no. 10, pp. 697-703.
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Geng, X, Smith-Miles, K, Wang, L, Li, M & Wu, Q 2010, 'Context-aware fusion: A case study on fusion of gait and face for human identification in video', Pattern Recognition, vol. 43, no. 10, pp. 3660-3673.
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Most work on multi-biometric fusion is based on static fusion rules. One prominent limitation of static fusion is that it cannot respond to the changes of the environment or the individual users. This paper proposes context-aware multi-biometric fusion, which can dynamically adapt the fusion rules to the real-time context. As a typical application, the context-aware fusion of gait and face for human identification in video is investigated. Two significant context factors that may affect the relationship between gait and face in the fusion are considered, i.e., view angle and subject-to-camera distance. Fusion methods adaptable to these two factors based on either prior knowledge or machine learning are proposed and tested. Experimental results show that the context-aware fusion methods perform significantly better than not only the individual biometric traits, but also those widely adopted static fusion rules including SUM, PRODUCT, MIN, and MAX. Moreover, context-aware fusion based on machine learning shows superiority over that based on prior knowledge. © 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Guo, L, Wang, S, Guo, N, Qiu, J, Zhu, JG, Guo, Y, Wang, Y & Xu, W 2010, 'Simulation and optimization of six-stage electromagnetic coilgun', International Journal of Applied Electromagnetics and Mechanics, vol. 33, no. 1-2, pp. 465-471.
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This paper presents a method based on Current Hoop Model for the analysis and design of induction coilgun. The cylindrically symmetric armature is subdivided into concentric hoops with diverse rectangular crosssections, in each of which the current is assumed to be uniformly distributed. An equivalent analytical model considering mutual coupling of coils and armature hoops is constructed for dynamic simulation of the coilgun. Based on this model, the selfand mutualinductances of exciting winding and hoops are calculated by Neumann method. The circuit equations are solved coupled with the equation of motion of projectile by using the Treanor method to ensure the convergence. Comparison between the experimental results and the numerical results simulated by Finite Element method (FEM) shows the validity of the presented simulation method for coilgun. The optimization of a sixstage coilgun is achieved by employing the genetic algorithm (GA).

Ha, PN, Fujita, H, Uchida, N & Ozaki, K 2010, 'Analysis and Control of Heat Distribution in a Zone-Control Induction Heating System', IEEJ Transactions on Industry Applications, vol. 130, no. 7, pp. 926-932.
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Homer, CSE, Catling-Paull, CJ, Sinclair, D, Faizah, N, Balasubramanian, V, Foureur, MJ, Hoang, DB & Lawrence, E 2010, 'Developing an interactive electronic maternity record', British Journal of Midwifery, vol. 18, no. 6, pp. 384-389.
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Women have a strong need to be involved in their own maternity care. Pregnancy hand-held records encourage women's participation in their maternity care; gives them an increased sense of control and improves communication among care providers. They have been successfully used in the UK and New Zealand for almost 20 years. Despite evidence that supports the use of hand-held records, widespread introduction has not occurred in Australia. The need for an electronic version of pregnancy hand-held records has become apparent, especially after the introduction of the Electronic Medical Record in Australia. A personal digital assistant (PDA) was developed as an interactive antenatal electronic maternity record that health-care providers could use in any setting and women could access using the internet. This article will describe the testing of the antenatal electronic maternity record.

Hossain, MJ, Pota, HR & Kumble, C 2010, 'Decentralized robust static synchronous compensator control for wind farms to augment dynamic transfer capability', Journal of Renewable and Sustainable Energy, vol. 2, no. 2, pp. 022701-022701.
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This paper presents an algorithm to design a decentralized robust controller for static synchronous compensators (STATCOMs) using minimax linear quadratic output-feedback control design approach. There is an increase in the available (dynamic) transfer capability of power systems with fixed-speed wind generators due to the designed decentralized controllers. The effects of the integration of various types of wind generators into power systems based on transfer limit have also been analyzed in this paper. The effectiveness of the suggested control strategy is validated by simulations on a benchmark two area power system. The performance of the designed controller is also compared to a conventional proportional-integral-based STATCOM controller. Simulation results show that both the dynamic voltage stability and the transient stability can be improved by using the robust STATCOM control proposed in this paper.

Hossain, MJ, Pota, HR, Ugrinovskii, VA & Ramos, RA 2010, 'Simultaneous STATCOM and Pitch Angle Control for Improved LVRT Capability of Fixed-Speed Wind Turbines', IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Energy, vol. 1, no. 3, pp. 142-151.
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Hossain, MJ, Pota, HR, Ugrinovskii, VA & Ramos, RA 2010, 'Voltage mode stabilisation in power systems with dynamic loads', International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems, vol. 32, no. 9, pp. 911-920.
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Huang, X, Guo, YJ & Bunton, JD 2010, 'A hybrid adaptive antenna array', IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications, vol. 9, no. 5, pp. 1770-1779.
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Owing to the excessive demand on signal processing and space constraint, a full digital implementation of a large adaptive antenna array at millimeter wave frequencies is very challenging. Targeted at long range high data rate point-topoint link in the 70/80 GHz bands, a novel hybrid adaptive antenna array which consists of analogue subarrays followed by a digital beamformer is presented in this paper to overcome the digital implementation difficulty. Two subarray configurations, the interleaved subarray and the side-by-side subarray, are proposed, and two Doppler resilient adaptive angle-of-arrival estimation and beamforming algorithms, the differential beam tracking (DBT) and the differential beam search (DBS), are developed. Simulation results on the DBT and DBS performance are provided using a 64 element hybrid planar array of four 4 by 4 element subarrays with the two subarray configurations, respectively. Recursive mean square error (MSE) bounds of the developed algorithms are also analyzed and compared with simulated MSEs. © 2006 IEEE.

Huang, X, Wen, B & Ding, F 2010, 'Ship detection and tracking using multi-frequency HFSWR', IEICE Electronics Express, vol. 7, no. 6, pp. 410-415.
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Hung Gia Hoang, Hoang Duong Tuan & Nguyen, TQ 2010, 'Optimized Analog Flat Filter Design', IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing, vol. 58, no. 2, pp. 901-906.
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This paper proposes a systematic approach for the optimized design of analog filters, which includes all well-known classical analog filters as a special case. All specifications including the conventional ones and also filter flatness degrees are explic

Jun Zhang, Lu, DD-C & Ting Sun 2010, 'Flyback-Based Single-Stage Power-Factor-Correction Scheme With Time-Multiplexing Control', IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. 3, pp. 1041-1049.
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Kejalakshmy, N, Agrawal, A, Aden, Y, Leung, DMH, Rahman, BMA & Grattan, KTV 2010, 'Characterization of silicon nanowire by use of full-vectorial finite element method', Applied Optics, vol. 49, no. 16, pp. 3173-3173.
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Ki, S-K & Lu, DD-C 2010, 'Implementation of an Efficient Transformerless Single-Stage Single-Switch AC/DC Converter', IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. 12, pp. 4095-4105.
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Knox, KJ, Burnham, DR, McCann, LI, Murphy, SL, McGloin, D & Reid, JP 2010, 'Observation of bistability of trapping position in aerosol optical tweezers', Journal of the Optical Society of America B, vol. 27, no. 3, pp. 582-582.
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Koppi, T, Sheard, J, Naghdy, F, Edwards, SL & Brookes, W 2010, 'Towards a gender inclusive information and communications technology curriculum: a perspective from graduates in the workforce', Computer Science Education, vol. 20, no. 4, pp. 265-282.
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An online survey was conducted of recent information and communications technology (ICT) graduates from 21 Australian universities. A range of abilities including personal/interpersonal, cognitive, business and technical were examined in relation to importance in the workplace and university preparation of those abilities. In addition, a set of six open-ended text-response questions concerned with the curriculum and other workplace preparation were asked. Quantitative and qualitative analyses revealed a range of responses that were significantly different according to gender. Amongst the significant findings are that females are more concerned than males with interpersonal communication, the development of people-skills and the people side of ICT. Implications for the ICT curriculum are that it should have more than a narrow male-centred technological focus and include the involvement of people and the effects of ICT on society in general. This broad inclusive pedagogical approach would satisfy the needs expressed by all respondents and contribute to increasing the enrolments of both female and male students in ICT.

Lei, G, Yang, GY, Shao, KR, Guo, Y, Zhu, J & Lavers, JD 2010, 'Electromagnetic Device Design Based on RBF Models and Two New Sequential Optimization Strategies', IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MAGNETICS, vol. 46, no. 8, pp. 3181-3184.
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We present two new strategies for sequential optimization method (SOM) to deal with the optimization design problems of electromagnetic devices. One is a new space reduction strategy; the other is model selection strategy. Meanwhile, radial basis function (RBF) and compactly supported RBF models are investigated to extend the applied model types for SOM. Thereafter, Monte Carlo method is employed to demonstrate the efficiency and superiority of the new space reduction strategy. Five commonly used approximate models are considered for the discussion of model selection strategy. Furthermore, by two TEAM benchmark examples, we can see that SOM with the proposed new strategies and models can significantly speed the optimization design process, and the efficiency of SOM depends a little on the types of approximate models.

Li, L & Petersen, IR 2010, 'A Gramian-Based Approach to Model Reduction for Uncertain Systems', IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON AUTOMATIC CONTROL, vol. 55, no. 2, pp. 508-514.
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The technical note considers a problem of model reduction for a class of uncertain systems with structured norm bounded uncertainty. The technical note introduces controllability and observability Gramians in terms of certain parameterized algebraic Riccati inequalities. Based on these Gramians, three model reduction approaches are investigated for the underlying uncertain systems. © 2010 IEEE.

Li, Y, Zhu, J, Yang, Q, Lin, ZW, Guo, Y & Wang, Y 2010, 'Measurement of Soft Magnetic Composite Material Using an Improved 3-D Tester With Flexible Excitation Coils and Novel Sensing Coils', IEEE Transactions on Magnetics, vol. 46, no. 6, pp. 1971-1974.
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In this paper, accurate measurement of three dimensional (3-D) magnetic properties of soft magnetic composite (SMC) material is carried out by using an improved 3-D tester with adjustable excitation coils and novel sensing coils attached upon the surface

Lin, AT-H, Lee, JE-Y, Yan, J & Seshia, AA 2010, 'Methods for enhanced electrical transduction and characterization of micromechanical resonators', Sensors and Actuators A: Physical, vol. 158, no. 2, pp. 263-272.
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Lin, ZW, Li, YJ, Zhu, JG, Guo, Y & Wang, XL 2010, 'Magnetic flux penetration in polycrystalline SmFeO0.75F0.2As', Journal of Applied Physics, vol. 107, no. 9, pp. 09E114-09E114.
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The recently discovered Fe–As superconducting materials which show high potential ability to carry current due to their low anisotropy have attracted a great number of attentions to understand their superconductivity mechanism and explore their applications. This paper presents a method to synthesis SmFeO0.75F0.20As polycrystalline by hot press in detail. The magnetization at different temperatures and applied fields obtained by a superconducting quantum interference device are also discussed. In addition, the local magnetization process is presented by magneto-optical imaging technique at the conditions of zero-field-cooling and field-cooling. It is found that the collective magnetization process of the newly discovered Fe–As superconductors is very similar to that of high-Tc cuprates. For instance, the Fe–As superconductors and high-Tc cuprates have the same magnetization features due to strong pining and intergrain weak link. The global supercurrent is significantly lower than local grain supercurrent due to the weak line between the grains.

Lin, ZW, Zhu, J, Guo, Y, Li, Y, Wang, S, Zhang, YB, Xu, KX & Cai, CB 2010, 'Magneto-optical visualization of vortices penetration into Ba(Fe1.8Co0.2)As2', Journal of Applied Physics, vol. 107, no. 9, pp. 09E155-09E155.
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Vortices penetration into oxygen-free superconducting compounds FeAs-122 system is of interest in understanding superconductivity. This work studies the vortices motion in Ba(Fe1.8Co0.2)As2 single crystal by means of magneto-optical imaging technique in zero field cooled and field cooled conditions. The captured magneto-optical images and corresponding flux profiles show that, at zero field cooled condition, vortices penetrate into the crystal from the edges as external magnetic field increases. A vortices-free region is observed at the center of sample as applied field is less than full penetration field. In field cooled condition, the introduced vortices leave the sample at the edges as field decreases and polarization of the vortices at the edges are opposite as decreasing field approaches to zero. The pinning strength decreases with increasing temperature. The observed vortex behavior is very similar to that in high Tc superconducting materials with strong pinning strength.

Ling, SH 2010, 'A New Neural Network Structure: Node-to-Node-Link Neural Network.', J. Intell. Learn. Syst. Appl., vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 1-11.
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This paper presents a new neural network structure and namely node-to-node-link neural network (N-N-LNN) and it is trained by real-coded genetic algorithm (RCGA) with average-bound crossover and wavelet mutation [1]. The N-N-LNN exhibits a node-to-node relationship in the hidden layer and the network parameters are variable. These characteristics make the network adaptive to the changes of the input environment, enabling it to tackle different input sets distributed in a large domain. Each input data set is effectively handled by a corresponding set of network parame-ters. The set of parameters is governed by other nodes. Thanks to these features, the proposed network exhibits better learning and generalization abilities. Industrial application of the proposed network to hand-written graffiti recognition will be presented to illustrate the merits of the network.

Liu, RP, Sutton, GJ & Collings, IB 2010, 'A New Queueing Model for QoS Analysis of IEEE 802.11 DCF with Finite Buffer and Load', IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications, vol. 9, no. 8, pp. 2664-2675.
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Ma, M, Huang, X & Guo, Y 2010, 'An interference self-cancellation technique for SC-FDMA systems', IEEE Communications Letters, vol. 14, no. 6, pp. 512-514.
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A new interference self-cancellation (ISC) method for Single Carrier-FDMA (SC-FDMA) systems is proposed to mitigate the inter-user interference caused by frequency offset or Doppler effect. By transmitting a compensation symbol at the first symbol location in each resource block, the energy leakage can be significantly suppressed. With little bandwidth and power sacrifice, the proposed method can greatly improve the system robustness against frequency offset. Simulation results show that the signal-to-interference ratio (SIR) can be improved by 7 dB on average for the entire system band, and up to 11.7 dB for an individual user. © 2010 IEEE.

McGloin, D & Reid, JP 2010, 'Forty Years of Optical Manipulation', Optics and Photonics News, vol. 21, no. 3, pp. 20-20.
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The advancements in the optical technologies that enable researchers to make significant developments in the field of physics and biology have been discussed. One of the researchers, Arthur Ashkin, has demonstrated trapping using two counter-propagating beams and using a single beam that was obtained by propagating a beam vertically and using gravity to balance the radiation pressure force. The optical tweezers system has been introduced that uses a laser source passed through two telescope systems, the first to expand the beam to slightly overfill the back aperture of the microscope objective and the second to make the beam at the microscope conjugate with the beam on a steering mirror. The two multibeam techniques that are widely used includes scanning and holographic. The scanning techniques involve a beam that is scanned very rapidly across the particles of interest. The holographic techniques involve an input Gaussian beam, which has its phase modulated into that of target intensity at the focal plane of the microscope objective.

Meng, X, Wang, S, Qiu, J, Zhu, JG & Guo, Y 2010, 'Cogging torque reduction of Bldc motor using level set based topology optimization incorporating with triangular finite element', International Journal of Applied Electromagnetics and Mechanics, vol. 33, no. 3-4, pp. 1069-1076.
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Cogging torque in permanentmagnet brushless DC (BLDC) motor causes torque and speed ripples, as well as acoustic noise and vibration, especially in low speed and direct drive applications. In this paper, the stator core shape is optimized by using a level set based topology optimization to reduce cogging torque. The level set method can represent the precise boundary shape of structure and also deal with complex topology changes during the optimization process. Different from the conventional rectangular meshes, the level set technique based triangular finite element meshes are presented in this paper to deal with irregular domains. The comparison of cogging torque calculated before and after topology optimization verifies the advantages of the level set topology optimization based on triangular meshes.

Meng, X, Wang, S, Qiu, J, Zhu, JG, Wang, Y, Guo, Y, Liu, D & Xu, W 2010, 'Dynamic Multilevel Optimization of Machine Design and Control Parameters Based on Correlation Analysis', IEEE Transactions on Magnetics, vol. 46, no. 8, pp. 2779-2782.
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In this paper, a multilevel optimization method is proposed for a motor drive system including a surface-mounted permanent magnet synchronous machine (SPMSM), the converter/inverter, and the control schemes. First, the multilevel optimization is described by using the problem matrix which may be used to allocate the design variables on different levels. The parameters in the problem matrix are deduced by using correlation analysis. Second, the architecture and implementation of multilevel genetic algorithm (MLGA) are carried out. As one of the advantages of MLGA, the dynamic adjustment strategy of GA operators is utilized to improve the optimal performance. The algorithm is then applied to a three-level optimization problem in which the optimization of SPMSM design and the control parameters of drive are considered in different levels. Finally, some results and discussions about the application of the proposed algorithm are presented. © 2006 IEEE.

Nguyen Tran, Hoang Tuan & Ha Nguyen 2010, 'Superimposed training designs for spatially correlated MIMO-OFDM systems', IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications, vol. 9, no. 3, pp. 876-880.
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Only one asymptotic training design for a special case of channel correlation was proposed in the literature for spatially correlated multiple-input multiple-output with orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (MIMO-OFDM) systems. To fill this gap, th

Nikodem, J, Klempous, R, Nikodem, M, Woda, M & Chaczko, Z 2010, 'Directed Cooperation in Multihop Wireless Sensors Network', International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications, vol. 56, no. 1, pp. 7-12.
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Directed Cooperation in Multihop Wireless Sensors NetworkThis paper proposes a relational abstraction for Wireless Sensors Network where node can identify its neighbors around it. Because of limited radio link range only some of nodes have a direct contact with the base station and transmission is carried out in a multihop way so information is send from one node to another towards the BS. We propose a relation π that represents cooperation between nodes and takes advantages of topological properties of the network. Based on the hop-distance from the BS any nodekcan determine a setN<(k) that consists of nodes to which/kshould send messages in order to retain a data-flow direction towards the BS.

Paisitkriangkrai, S, Shen, C & Zhang, J 2010, 'Incremental Training of a Detector Using Online Sparse Eigen-decomposition', IEEE Transactions on Image Processing, vol. 20, no. 1, pp. 213-226.
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The ability to efficiently and accurately detect objects plays a very crucialrole for many computer vision tasks. Recently, offline object detectors haveshown a tremendous success. However, one major drawback of offline techniquesis that a complete set of training data has to be collected beforehand. Inaddition, once learned, an offline detector can not make use of newly arrivingdata. To alleviate these drawbacks, online learning has been adopted with thefollowing objectives: (1) the technique should be computationally and storageefficient; (2) the updated classifier must maintain its high classificationaccuracy. In this paper, we propose an effective and efficient framework forlearning an adaptive online greedy sparse linear discriminant analysis (GSLDA)model. Unlike many existing online boosting detectors, which usually applyexponential or logistic loss, our online algorithm makes use of LDA's learningcriterion that not only aims to maximize the class-separation criterion butalso incorporates the asymmetrical property of training data distributions. Weprovide a better alternative for online boosting algorithms in the context oftraining a visual object detector. We demonstrate the robustness and efficiencyof our methods on handwriting digit and face data sets. Our results confirmthat object detection tasks benefit significantly when trained in an onlinemanner.

Pasha, SA, Hoang Duong Tuan & Ba-Ngu Vo 2010, 'Nonlinear Bayesian Filtering Using the Unscented Linear Fractional Transformation Model', IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing, vol. 58, no. 2, pp. 477-489.
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For nonlinear state space model involving random variables with arbitrary probability distributions, the state estimation given a sequence of observations is based on an appropriate criterion such as the minimum mean square error (MMSE). This leads to linear approximation in the state space of the extended Kalman filter (EKF) and the unscented Kalman filter (UKF), which work reasonably well only for mildly nonlinear systems. We propose a Bayesian filtering technique based on the MMSE criterion in the framework of the virtual linear fractional transformation (LFT) model, which is characterized by a linear part and a simple nonlinear structure in the feedback loop. LFT is an exact representation for any differentiable nonlinear mapping, so the virtual LFT model is amenable to a wide range of nonlinear systems. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed filtering technique gives better approximation and tracking performance than standard methods like the UKF. Furthermore, for highly nonlinear systems where UKF diverges, the LFT model estimates the conditional mean with reasonable accuracy. Copyright © 2010 IEEE.

Pham, TT, Nguyen, HH & Tuan, HD 2010, 'Power Allocation in MMSE Relaying over Frequency-Selective Rayleigh Fading Channels', IEEE Transactions on Communications, vol. 58, no. 11, pp. 3330-3343.
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This paper develops an amplify-and-forward relaying scheme for multiuser wireless cooperative networks under frequency-selective block-fading. Single-carrier frequency division multiple-access with frequency-domain equalization technique is employed at b

Pham, TT, Nguyen, HH & Tuan, HD 2010, 'Power Allocation in Orthogonal Wireless Relay Networks With Partial Channel State Information', IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing, vol. 58, no. 2, pp. 869-878.
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Wireless amplify-and-forward relay networks in which the source communicates with the relays and destination in the first phase and the relays forward signals to the destination in the second phase over orthogonal and uncorrelated Rayleigh fading channel

Phat, VN, Ha, QP & Trinh, H 2010, 'Parameter-dependent H-infinity Control for Time-varying Delay Polytopic Systems', JOURNAL OF OPTIMIZATION THEORY AND APPLICATIONS, vol. 147, no. 1, pp. 58-70.
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This paper addresses the robust stabilization and H∞ control problem for a class of linear polytopic systems with continuously distributed delays. The control objective is to design a robust H∞ controller that satisfies some exponential stability constraints on the closed-loop poles. Using improved parameter-dependent Lyapunov Krasovskii functionals, new delay-dependent conditions for the robust H∞ control are established in terms of linear matrix inequalities. © 2010 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC.

Pin, F, Veitch, D & Kauffmann, B 2010, 'Statistical estimation of delays in a multicast tree using accelerated EM', Queueing Systems, vol. 66, no. 4, pp. 369-412.
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Qin, P-Y, Guo, YJ & Liang, C-H 2010, 'Effect of Antenna Polarization Diversity on MIMO System Capacity', IEEE ANTENNAS AND WIRELESS PROPAGATION LETTERS, vol. 9, pp. 1092-1095.
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Qin, P-Y, Weily, AR, Guo, YJ & Liang, C-H 2010, 'Polarization Reconfigurable U-Slot Patch Antenna', IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ANTENNAS AND PROPAGATION, vol. 58, no. 10, pp. 3383-3388.
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Qin, P-Y, Weily, AR, Guo, YJ, Bird, TS & Liang, C-H 2010, 'Frequency Reconfigurable Quasi-Yagi Folded Dipole Antenna', IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ANTENNAS AND PROPAGATION, vol. 58, no. 8, pp. 2742-2747.
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Ridoux, J & Veitch, D 2010, 'Principles of robust timing over the internet', Queue, vol. 8, pp. 30-30.

Ridoux, J & Veitch, D 2010, 'Principles of robust timing over the internet', Communications of the ACM, vol. 53, no. 5, pp. 54-61.
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The key to synchronizing clocks over networks is taming delay variability.

Ridoux, J & Veitch, D 2010, 'Principles of Robust Timing over the Internet', Queue, vol. 8, no. 4, pp. 30-43.
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Everyone, and most everything, needs a clock, and computers are no exception. Clocks tend to drift off if left to themselves, however, so it is necessary to bring them to heel periodically through synchronizing to some other reference clock of higher accuracy. An inexpensive and convenient way to do this is over a computer network.

Rosberg, Z, Liu, RP, Dinh, TL, Dong, Y & Jha, S 2010, 'Statistical reliability for energy efficient data transport in wireless sensor networks.', Wirel. Networks, vol. 16, no. 7, pp. 1913-1927.
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Shang, F, Xiong, A, Abolhasan, M & Wysocki, T 2010, 'An unequal clustering protocol for wireless sensor networks', Journal of Computational Information Systems, vol. 6, no. 2, pp. 477-486.
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In this paper, a Single-Hop Unequal Clustering (SHUC) algorithm is proposed for wireless sensor networks. The SHUC algorithm consists of three different parts. Firstly, an average energy factor is introduced to balance the residual energy of the whole network during the tentative cluster-head selection process, which improves the network energy efficiency. Secondly, a cost function is proposed to balance energy-efficiency of each node. Finally, an unequal clustering algorithm is proposed for single-hop homogeneous networks. Through both theoretical analysis and numerical results, it is shown that SHUC prolongs the network lifetime significantly against other clustering protocols such as LEACH-C and EECS. Under general instance, SHUC may prolong the lifetime by up to 30% against EECS and 70% against LEACH-C. © 2010 Binary Information Press.

Su, SW, Chen, W, Liu, D, Fang, Y, Kuang, W, Yu, X, Guo, T, Celler, BG & Nguyen, HT 2010, 'Dynamic Modelling of Heart Rate Response Under Different Exercise Intensity', The Open Medical Informatics Journal, vol. 4, no. 1, pp. 81-85.
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Heart rate is one of the major indications of human cardiovascular response to exercises. This study investigates human heart rate response dynamics to moderate exercise. A healthy male subject has been asked to walk on a motorised treadmill under a predefined exercise protocol. ECG, body movements, and oxygen saturation (SpO2) have been reliably monitored and recorded by using non-invasive portable sensors. To reduce heart rate variation caused by the influence of various internal or external factors, the designed step response protocol has been repeated three times. Experimental results show that both steady state gain and time constant of heart rate response are not invariant when walking speed is faster than 3 miles/hour, and time constant of offset exercise is noticeably longer than that of onset exercise.

Su, SW, Huang, S, Wang, L, Celler, BG, Savkin, AV, Guo, Y & Cheng, TM 2010, 'Optimizing Heart Rate Regulation for Safe Exercise', ANNALS OF BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING, vol. 38, no. 3, pp. 758-768.
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Safe exercise protocols are critical for effective rehabilitation programs. This paper aims to develop a novel control strategy for an automated treadmill system to reduce the danger of injury during cardiac rehabilitation. We have developed a control-oriented nonparametric Hammerstein model for the control of heart rate during exercises by using support vector regression and correlation analysis. Based on this nonparametric model, a model predictive controller has been built. In order to guarantee the safety of treadmill exercise during rehabilitation, this new automated treadmill system is capable of optimizing system performance over predefined ranges of speed and acceleration. The effectiveness of the proposed approach was demonstrated with six subjects by having their heart rate track successfully a predetermined heart rate. © 2009 Biomedical Engineering Society.

Sun, JY, Wang, ZK, Lim, HS, Ng, SC, Kuok, MH, Tran, TT & Lu, X 2010, 'Hypersonic Vibrations of Ag@SiO₂(Cubic Core)−Shell Nanospheres', ACS Nano, vol. 4, no. 12, pp. 7692-7698.
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Tuan, HD, Kha, HH, Nguyen, HH & Luong, V-J 2010, 'Optimized Training Sequences for Spatially Correlated MIMO-OFDM', IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications, vol. 9, no. 9, pp. 2768-2778.
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In this paper, the training sequence design for multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) systems under the minimum mean square error (MMSE) criterion is addressed. The optimal training sequence for channel e

Wang, S, Qiu, J, Liu, X, Wang, Z, Zhu, J, Guo, Y, Lin, ZW, Wang, Y & Xu, W 2010, 'Current distribution analysis for high temperature superconducting cable considering hysteresis characteristics', International Journal of Applied Electromagnetics and Mechanics, vol. 33, no. 1-2, pp. 511-517.
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This paper presents a hysteresis model for Type-II high temperature superconductor (HTS) by using simplified Preisach Model, in which the Preisach distribution function μ-kα, β) is determined only based on the B-H limiting loop. The nonlinear dynamic circuit model of the superconductor is established. In the circuit model, the hysteresis inductance and hysteresis loss described by using simplified Preisach Model are deduced. Applying the hysteresis circuit model, the currents flowing in different superconductor layers of high temperature superconducting cable are simulated, as well as the hysteresis loss of the superconducting cable. The simulation results are verified by comparison with the data recorded in literatures. Finally, the influences of hysteresis on superconducting cable are analyzed and discussed. © 2010 - IOS Press and the authors. All rights reserved.

Wang, Y, Guo, N, Zhu, J, Duan, N, Wang, S, Guo, Y, Xu, W & Li, Y 2010, 'Initial Rotor Position and Magnetic Polarity Identification of PM Synchronous Machine Based on Nonlinear Machine Model and Finite Element Analysis', IEEE Transactions on Magnetics, vol. 46, no. 6, pp. 2016-2019.
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In this paper, a DC voltage pulse injection based method is proposed to detect the initial position and rotor polarity of permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM). The rotor angle vibration is expressed analytically as a function of the injected pulse.

Wang, Y, Zhu, J & Guo, Y 2010, 'A Comprehensive Analytical Mathematic Model for Permanent-Magnet Synchronous Machines Incorporating Structural and Saturation Saliencies', IEEE Transactions on Magnetics, vol. 46, no. 12, pp. 4081-4091.
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We introduce a new method to model permanent-magnet synchronous machines (PMSMs) with saliencies due to the salient structure and magnetic saturation. We define two parameters to indicate these saliencies, i.e., the structural saliency ratio $(K_{rm str})$ and the saturation saliency ratio $(K_{rm sat})$. To verify the nonlinear model, we tested a real PMSM and numerically simulated it. The nonlinear inductance matrix is deduced and expressed by a nonlinear function regressed from the experimental data. The simulation and experimental results agree well with each other.

Wang, Y, Zhu, J, Wang, S, Guo, Y & Xu, W 2010, 'Modeling and simulation of direct torque controlled SPMSM Drive incorporating magnetic saturation saliency', International Journal of Applied Electromagnetics and Mechanics, vol. 33, no. 1-2, pp. 473-479.
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In this paper a comprehensive nonlinear model of surface mounted permanent magnet synchronous machine (SPMSM) is proposed considering both the structural and the saturation saliencies to enable the numerical simulation of new rotor position detection algorithms. An experiment platform is carried out to test and collect the incremental inductance values varying again the stator current levels and the rotor position. The Least Relative Residual Sum of Square (LRRSS) method is employed in the nonlinear inductance function regression. After experimentally identifying out all the parameters, a nonlinear mathematic model of SPMSMis built up. Furthermore, the direct torque control (DTC) scheme is applied to this new model to verify the model and simulate the machine performance.

Wei Xu, Jian Guo Zhu, Yongchang Zhang, Yaohua Li, Yi Wang & Youguang Guo 2010, 'An Improved Equivalent Circuit Model of a Single-Sided Linear Induction Motor', IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology, vol. 59, no. 5, pp. 2277-2289.
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The derivation of the equivalent circuit for a single-sided linear induction motor (SLIM) is not straightforward, particularly if it includes longitudinal end effects from the cut-open primary magnetic path, transversal edge effects from the differing wi

Xu, RYD & Kemp, M 2010, 'An iterative approach for fitting multiple connected ellipse structure to silhouette', Pattern Recognition Letters, vol. 31, no. 13, pp. 1860-1867.
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In many image processing applications, the structures conveyed in the image contour can often be described by a set of connected ellipses. Previous fitting methods to align the connected ellipse structure with a contour, in general, lack a continuous solution space. In addition, the solution obtain often satisfies only a partial number of ellipses, leaving others with poor fits. In this paper, we address these two problems by presenting an iterative framework for fitting a 2D silhouettte contour to a pre-specified connected ellipses structure with a very coarse initial guess. Under the proposed framework, we first improve the initial guess by modelling the silhouette region as set of disconnected ellipses using mixture of Gaussian densities or the heuristics approaches. Then, an iterative method is applied in a similar fashion to the Iterative Closest Point (ICP) (Alshawa, 2007; Li and Griffiths, 2000; Besl and McKay, 1992) algorithm. Each iteration contains two parts: first part is to assighn all the contour points to the individual unconnected ellipses, which we refer to as the segmentation step and the second part is the non-linear least square approach that minimizes both the sum of the square distance between the countour points and ellipse's edge as well as minimizing the ellipse's vertex pair(s) distances, which we refer to as the minimization step. We illustrate the effectiveness of our menthods through experimental result on several images as well as applying the algorithm to a mini database of human upper-body images.

Xu, W, Zhu, JG, Zhang, Y, Li, Z, Li, Y, Wang, Y, Guo, Y & Li, Y 2010, 'Equivalent Circuits for Single-Sided Linear Induction Motors', IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, vol. 46, no. 6, pp. 2410-2423.
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Single-sided linear induction motors (SLIMs) have lately been applied in transportation system traction drives, particularly in the intermediate speed range. This is because they have merits, such as the ability to exert thrust on the secondary without mechanical contact, high acceleration or deceleration, less wheel wear, small turning circle radius, and flexible road line. The theory of operation for these machines can be directly derived from rotary induction motors (RIMs). However, while the cut-open primary magnetic circuit has many inherent characteristics of the RIM equivalent circuits, several issues involving the transversal edge and longitudinal end effects and the half-filled slots at the primary ends need to be investigated. In this paper, a T-model equivalent circuit is proposed which is based on the 1-D magnetic equations of the air gap, where half-filled slots are considered by an equivalent pole number. Among the main five parameters, namely, the primary resistance, primary leakage inductance, mutual inductance, secondary resistance, and secondary inductance, the mutual inductance and the secondary resistance are influenced by the edge and end effects greatly, which can be revised by four relative coefficients, i.e., Kr, Kx, Cr, and Cx. Moreover, two-axis equivalent circuits (dq or αβ) according to the T-model equivalent circuit are obtained using the power conversion rule, which are analogous with those of the RIM in a two-axis coordinate system. The linear induction motor dynamic performance, particularly the mutual inductance and the secondary resistance, can be analyzed by the four coefficients. Experimental verification indicates that both the T-model and the new two-axis circuits are reasonable for describing the steady and dynamic performance of the SLIM. These two models can provide good guidance for the electromagnetic design and control scheme implementation for SLIM applications.

Yan, J, Lee, JE-Y & Seshia, AA 2010, 'Transduction Dependent Optimization of Electromechanical Parameters for Electrostatically Actuated MEMS/NEMS Resonators', Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, vol. 10, no. 11, pp. 7533-7536.
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Yan, Z, Wen, B, Wang, C, Huang, J & Huang, X 2010, 'Phase-coded interrupted continuous waves analysis, parameters design and processor design', IEICE Electronics Express, vol. 7, no. 19, pp. 1441-1446.
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Yang, J, Wen, B, Zhang, C, Huang, X, Yan, Z & Shen, W 2010, 'A bistatic HF radar for surface current mapping', IEICE Electronics Express, vol. 7, no. 19, pp. 1435-1440.
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Yongjian Li, Qingxin Yang, Jianguo Zhu, Zhiwei Lin, Youguang Guo & Jingfeng Sun 2010, 'Research of Three-Dimensional Magnetic Reluctivity Tensor Based on Measurement of Magnetic Properties', IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, vol. 20, no. 3, pp. 1932-1935.
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In this paper, a method of studying the three-dimensional (3-D) reluctivity tensor by measuring 3-D vector magnetic properties of the soft magnetic composite (SMC) material is presented. The magnetic flux density B and magnetic field strength H loci under alternating and rotating magnetizations are measured by using an improved 3-D tester. The magnetic reluctivity tensor can be expressed by a second-order three-dimensional full rank matrix by means of the experimental results. Taking the off-diagonal elements into account can benefit to accurate numerical analysis of magnetic field in 3-D flux electrical machines.

Yu, Y-H, Vo-Ky, C, Kodagoda, S & Ha, QP 2010, 'FPGA-Based Relative Distance Estimation for Indoor Robot Control Using Monocular Digital Camera', Journal of Advanced Computational Intelligence and Intelligent Informatics, vol. 14, no. 6, pp. 714-721.
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Distance measurement methodologies based on the digital camera usually require time-consuming calibration procedures, some are even derived from complicated image processing algorithms resulting in low picture frame rates. In a dynamic camera system, due to the unpredictability of intrinsic and extrinsic parameters, odometric results are highly dependent on the quality of extra sensors. In this paper, a simple and efficient algorithm is proposed for relative distance estimation in robotic active vision by using a monocular digital camera. Accuracy of the estimation is achieved by judging the 2D perspective projection image ratio of the robot labels obtained on a TFT-LCD (Thin Film Transistor – Liquid Crystal Display) monitor without the need of any additional sensory cost and complicated calibration effort. Further, the proposed algorithm does not contain any trigonometric functions so that it can be easily implemented on an embedded system using the Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) technology. Experimental results are included to demonstrate the effectiveness of the technique.

Zhang, J, Moog, CH & Xia, X 2010, 'Realization of multivariable nonlinear systems via the approaches of differential forms and differential algebra', Kybernetika, vol. 46, no. 5, pp. 799-830.
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In this paper differential forms and differential algebra are applied to give a new definition of realization for multivariable nonlinear systems consistent with the linear realization theory. Criteria for the existence of realization and the definition of minimal realization are presented. The relations of minimal realization and accessibility and finally the computation of realizations are also discussed in this paper.

Zhu, Z, Guo, Y-F, Zhu, X & Xue, X 2010, 'Normalized dimensionality reduction using nonnegative matrix factorization', Neurocomputing, vol. 73, no. 10-12, pp. 1783-1793.
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In this paper, we propose an iterative normalized compression method for dimensionality reduction using non-negative matrix factorization (NCMF). To factorize the instance matrix X into C×M, an objective function is defined to impose the normalization constraints to the basis matrix C and the coefficient matrix M. We argue that in many applications, instances are often normalized in one way or the other. By integrating data normalization constraints into the objective function and transposing the instance matrix, one can directly discover relations among different dimensions and devise effective and efficient procedure for matrix factorization. In the paper, we assume that feature dimensions in instance matrix are normalized, and propose an iterative solution NCMF to achieve rapid matrix factorization for dimensionality reduction. As a result, the basis matrix can be viewed as a compression matrix and the coefficient matrix becomes a mapping matrix. NCMF is simple, effective, and only needs to initialize the mapping matrix. Experimental comparisons on text, biological and image data demonstrate that NCMF gains 21.02% computational time reduction, 39.60% sparsity improvement for mapping matrix, and 8.59% clustering accuracy improvement. © 2010 Elsevier B.V.

Aguilera, RP & Quevedo, DE 1970, 'On stability of Finite Control Set MPC strategy for Multicell Converters', 2010 IEEE International Conference on Industrial Technology, 2010 IEEE International Conference on Industrial Technology, IEEE, pp. 1277-1282.
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Finite Control Set Model Predictive Control has emerged as a promising control technique for Power Converters due to the fact that the inherent non-linearity of these systems can be taken into account. In addition, this strategy directly provides the switching action to be applied to the converter; consequently, additional modulation stages are not required. Despite these advantages, stability for this class of predictive control technique remains as an open problem. In the present work, we provide insights into the closed-loop stability for the Finite Control Set Model Predictive Control. As an illustrative example, we apply these stability guidelines to a Multicell Converter. ©2010 IEEE.

AlAamri, H, Abolhasan, M, Wysocki, T & Lipman, J 1970, 'On Optimising Route Discovery for Multi-interface and Power-Aware Nodes in Heterogeneous MANETs', 2010 6th International Conference on Wireless and Mobile Communications, 2010 6th International Conference on Wireless and Mobile Communications (ICWMC), IEEE, Valencia, pp. 244-249.
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This paper presents a new routing discovery strategy for heterogeneous MANETs. Node heterogeneity is modeled in terms of: types and number of different interfaces, power, and transmission ranges. Our proposed route discovery algorithm is implemented on the top of On-demand Tree-based Routing Protocol (OTRP) and hence it is called OTRP Heterogeneity-Aware (OTRP-HA). OTRP-HA utilizes node heterogeneity and optimizes route discovery to reduce overheads and ensures connectivities between different types of nodes with different interfaces. Each node makes its own decision to participate in the route discovery process according to its location, local density, and available resources. Simulation results show that OTRP-HA outperforms OTRP and AODV and it reduces overheads as a number of nodes and traffic increase, while it also further prolongs the lifetime of battery-powered single-interface nodes when compared to AODV. © 2010 IEEE.

Alomari, MM & Zhu, JG 1970, 'The Influence of Machine Saturation on Bifurcation and Chaos in Multimachine Power Systems', Chaotic Systems, Selected Papers from the 2nd Chaotic Modeling and Simulation International Conference (CHAOS2009), WORLD SCIENTIFIC, Chania, GREECE, pp. 1-8.
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Anand, S, Engelbrecht, A & McGloin, D 1970, 'Generation of optofluidic microchannels in ice', SPIE Proceedings, SPIE Photonics Europe, SPIE.
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Apkarian, P & Tuan, HD 1970, 'Nonsmooth &#x03BC; synthesis', 2010 11th International Conference on Control Automation Robotics & Vision, Vision (ICARCV 2010), IEEE, Singapore, SINGAPORE, pp. 917-922.
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Baig, D-E-Z, Su, H, Cheng, TM, Savkin, AV, Su, SW, Celler, BG & IEEE 1970, 'Modeling of Human Heart Rate Response during Walking, Cycling and Rowing', 2010 ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF THE IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY (EMBC), IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society Annual Conference, The Printing House, Inc., Buenos Aires, Argentina, pp. 2553-2556.
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The aim of this paper is to study the human Heart Rate (HR) response during walking, cycling and rowing exercises using linear time varying (LTV) models. We used the frequency of exercise locomotion as the input to the model. This frequency characterizes the stride rate, cadence rate and strokes rate of the walking, cycling and rowing exercises respectively. The time varying parameters in the LTV models were estimated by the Kalman Filter (KF). The results in this study demonstrate that HR responses to these exercises exhibit some degree of time varying nature. © 2010 IEEE.

Balasubramanian, V & Hoang, DB 1970, 'Availability measure model for Assistive Care Loop Framework using wireless sensor networks', 2010 Sixth International Conference on Intelligent Sensors, Sensor Networks and Information Processing, 2010 Sixth International Conference on Intelligent Sensors, Sensor Networks and Information Processing (ISSNIP), IEEE, Brisbane, Australia, pp. 281-286.
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Nowadays, body area wireless sensor networks (BAWSNs) applications are increasingly being used in in-house health monitoring systems. These applications have stringent timing requirements and often run continuously without interruptions. Hence, it becomes imperative to determine the operational continuity of the BAWSN applications by measuring their availability. The BAWSN applications rely on the collection of data within a critical time from all of the source sensor nodes rather than the data from an individual source. Subsequently, the measure of availability for a BAWSN application should be based on the time and the data delivery from all the sensor nodes. Taking into account these specific characteristics and the constraints of the BAWSN, we develop a model to measure the availability of a BAWSN application based on the unavailable time. The proposed model is evaluated through a series of experiments conducted in our existing Assistive Care Loop Framework (ACLF). Furthermore, we also develop an analogous theoretical model to evaluate the availability of a BAWSN application.

Barua, B, Safaei, F, Abolhasan, M & IEEE 1970, 'On the Outage of Multihop Parallel Relay Networks', 2010 IEEE 72ND VEHICULAR TECHNOLOGY CONFERENCE FALL, IEEE Vehicular Technology Conference, IEEE, Ottawa, ON, Canada, pp. 1-5.
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In this paper we analyze the outage probability of a cooperative multihop parallel relay network in Nakagami-m fading channels. The general closed form expression of the outage probability is derived both for integer and arbitrary Nakagami parameter m. We present numerical results on the performance of the network. It shows a careful configuration of the network size and power sharing between nodes can ensure optimal outage performance in the network.

Bernardo, DV & Hoang, D 1970, 'Protecting Next Generation High Speed Network Protocol - UDT through Generic Security Service Application Program Interface - GSS-API', 2010 Fourth International Conference on Emerging Security Information, Systems and Technologies, 2010 Fourth International Conference on Emerging Security Information, Systems and Technologies (SECURWARE), IEEE, Venice/Mestre Italy, pp. 266-272.
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Network protocols do not solely rely on the lower layers of the stack for security. Many of these protocols rely on a combination of layers to develop a more secure channel for data transmission. UDT, like other new next generation high speed protocols, relies on Transport, on IP, and on Network layers for data delivery and protection. However, like other existing protocols, UDT has a socket interface to link with API, a feature that makes it flexible in its implementation. This paper contends that UDT's user interface provides a means of protection by using another application service interface to cater for its security requirements. By implementing GSS-API, UDT can achieve authentication, confidentiality, and integrity during data transmission. This work provides another way of securing high speed network protocols such as UDT when implemented in various network environments.

Bernardo, DV & Hoang, D 1970, 'Security Analysis of the Proposed Practical Security Mechanisms for High Speed Data Transfer Protocol', ADVANCES IN COMPUTER SCIENCE AND INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY, PROCEEDINGS, Information, Security and Assurance, Springer, Miyazaki, Japan, pp. 100-114.
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The development of next generation protocols, such as UDT (UDP-based data transfer), promptly addressess various infrastructure requirements for transmitting data in high speed networks. However, this development creates new vulnerabilities when these protocols are designed to solely rely on existing security solutions of existing protocols such as TCP and UDP. It is clear that not all security protocols (such as TLS) can be used to protect UDT, just as security solutions devised for wired networks cannot be used to protect the wired ones. The development of UDT, similarly in the development of TCP/UDP many years ago, lacked a well-thought security architecture to address the problems that networks are presently experiencing. This paper proposed and analyses practical security mechanisms for UDT.

Bernardo, DV & Hoang, DB 1970, 'End-to-End Security Methods for UDT Data Transmissions', FUTURE GENERATION INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY, Future Generation Information Technology Second International Conference, Springer-Verlag, Jeju Island, Korea, pp. 383-393.
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UDT (UDP-based data transfer protocol) is one of the most promising network protocols developed for high data speed data transfer. It does not, however, have any inherent security mechanisms, and thus relies on other transport protocols to provide them.

Bernardo, DV, Hoang, DB & IEEE 1970, 'A Conceptual Approach against Next Generation Security Threats: Securing a High Speed Network Protocol - UDT', SECOND INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON FUTURE NETWORKS: ICFN 2010, IEEE International Conference on Future Networks, IEEE Computer Society, Sanya Hainan, pp. 367-371.
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The following topics are dealt with: computing network reliability; network security policy; wireless sensor network; routing protocol; web based intrusion detection system; network topology; BP neural network, WMAN; WDM optical network; WMAN;WDM optical network; TCP/IP networks; OFDMA relay networks; and mobile ad hoc networks.

Cai, Y & Guo, YJ 1970, 'Dipole uniform circular array backed by a cylindrical reflector', EuCAP 2010 - The 4th European Conference on Antennas and Propagation.
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A 12-element thin dipole uniform circular array (UCA) is studied using the Method of Moments. The effect of metallic back reflectors on the array performance, in terms of the maximum realized gain, the mutual coupling level, and the synthesized patterns, is investigated. Over the inter-element spacing range, 0.3 λ0 ≤ d ≤ 0.7λ0, simulation results show that the introduction of the cylindrical reflector achieves at least 1.0dB higher the gain than the one without using the reflector. Radial metallic 'partition walls' is proposed to be placed between axially oriented dipoles. The use of the 'partition walls' realizes further gain enhancement and H-plane mutual coupling reduction. At d = 0.4λ0 and d = 0.6λ0, maximum coupling between elements is suppressed to a level below -13dB and -20dB respectively when the height of the 'partition walls', hwall, is greater than 0.175λ0. In the synthesized realized gain pattern, mainlobe to sidelobe ratio better than 15dB and 13dB is obtained.

Cai, Y, Guo, YJ, Qin, PY & Weily, AR 1970, 'Frequency reconfigurable quasi-Yagi dipole antenna', 2010 IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium, 2010 IEEE International Symposium Antennas and Propagation and CNC-USNC/URSI Radio Science Meeting, IEEE.
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A frequency reconfigurable quasi-Yagi dipole antenna is presented in this paper. Simulation results show that a 35% continuously tuning impedance bandwidth, from 1.85 to 2.5GHz, is obtained. Loaded with varactor diodes, the effective electrical lengths of the driver and director dipoles are varied by changing the biasing voltages. The length adjustable director allows the endfire pattern with relatively high gain being maintained over each tuning sub-band. Across the tuning bandwidth, the predicted gain variation is from 5.8dBi to 7.9dBi. The H-plane cross-polarization level is below -17dB while this value is below -32dB in the E-plane. The front-to-back ratio is better than 12dB. © 2010 IEEE.

Cao, Z, Liu, RP, Yang, X & Xiao, Y 1970, 'Modeling IEEE 802.11 DCF System Dynamics', 2010 IEEE Wireless Communication and Networking Conference, Networking Conference (WCNC), IEEE, Sydney, AUSTRALIA.
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Chaczko, Z & Braun, R 1970, 'Teaching Computer Vision for telemedicine systems using OpenCV', 2010 9th International Conference on Information Technology Based Higher Education and Training (ITHET), 2010 9th International Conference on Information Technology Based Higher Education and Training (ITHET), IEEE, Cappadocia, pp. 17-20.
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This paper reports on experiences of teaching Computer Vision for robotic telemedicine cluster system, within the practice based ICTD subject within the undergraduate Software Engineering Program at the Faculty of Engineering, University of Technology Sydney (UTS). Topics described by this paper include shared experiences in designing and implementing Computer Vision subsystem and discusses successes, as well as common problems both experienced and anticipated in adaptation of OpenCV framework for building a robotic system for telemedicine. One of the main objectives of the ICTD is to bridge the gap between the students' theoretical knowledge of design and programming with the practical side of software reuse and modularization when designing and implementing a robotic system for medical applications. ©2010 IEEE.

Chaczko, Z, Chiu, C, Avtar Singh Kohli & Mahadevan, V 1970, 'Smart Hospital Management System: An integration of enterprise level solutions utilising open group architecture framework (TOGAF)', 2010 3rd International Conference on Computer Science and Information Technology, 2010 3rd IEEE International Conference on Computer Science and Information Technology (ICCSIT 2010), IEEE, Chengdu, China, pp. 8-15.
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A significant portion of the Hospital Information Systems currently consists of various individual legacy applications that have to be integrated, to deliver a more unified solution. The performance, reliability and other factors of these applications ca

Chaczko, Z, Chiu, C, Klempous, R & Nikodem, J 1970, '3TZ Collaborative Team Environments Incorporating the Hybrid Holonic Architecture.', ECBS, IEEE International Conference and Workshop on the Engineering of Computer Based Systems, IEEE Computer Society, Oxford, England, UK, pp. 300-305.
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The paper describes a business reengineering process (BPR) approach to address multi-timezone (3-timezone or 3TZ) collaborative teamwork environments by combining the Holonic architecture with the Zachman Metamodel Framework. While the use of collaborative project systems is not new, the methodology to share time resources from different timezones seeks to address pedagogical and engineering process concerns in team-based project development. The benefits of collaborative project management tools go beyond a uniform platform to deploy project resources, but to also enhance systemic processes and engineering practice. This facilitates team members to dedicate their time towards common work tasks, delineates individual and shared work packages, and improves student/tutor feedback techniques as teachers can actively monitor

Chaczko, Z, Kale, A & Chiu, C 1970, 'Intelligent health care &#x2014; A Motion Analysis system for health practitioners', 2010 Sixth International Conference on Intelligent Sensors, Sensor Networks and Information Processing, 2010 Sixth International Conference on Intelligent Sensors, Sensor Networks and Information Processing (ISSNIP), IEEE, Brisbane, Australia, pp. 303-308.
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In the proposed work we present a combination of two paradigms: Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) and Computer Vision applied for Motion Analysis. In this work the Computer Vision provides high-level behavioural monitoring and analysis, whereas Wireless Sensors capture detailed parameters of a moving object. Fusion of sensory information received from both types of sensors provides micro-level and macro-level details. These combined details can be used in various application areas. In considered applications, one of the areas can be Robotics. In this case this strategy can be used to monitor health of robots under certain actions and situations. Another important application domain is health care and rehabilitation of injured persons. In this application, movement of an injured body portion is measured after its treatment. Apart from the analysis of motion we also propose optimized movement advice to patients. Optimum motion advice is very useful in case of sports injury to recover strength and performance. In this paper we produce experimental work performed by simulating different movements of hands and legs in free space. The experimental simulation provides a broad range of data on motion analysis with visualization. The third area of application that is explored is elderly patient condition monitoring and motion analysis for health monitoring.

Chaczko, Z, Klempous, R & Dubois, DM 1970, 'Anticipatory Biomimetic Middleware', AIP Conference Proceedings, COMPUTING ANTICIPATORY SYSTEMS: CASYS ‘09: Ninth International Conference on Computing Anticipatory Systems, AIP, Leige, Belgium, pp. 379-388.
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Anticipatory, multi-agents based and biology inspired middleware for resource constrained systems such as the sensornets is able to provide infrastructure oriented services with anticipatory system properties such as: (1) selforganization, (2) selfâshaping, (3) self-monitoring and self-healing. The paper aim is to explain how these fundamental properties, if imprinted on executing agents, can help in the construction of robust, cooperative and sustainable information services for infrastructure oriented software. This can occur through the application of the selected immune-computing and allometric paradigms.

Chaczko, Z, Kohli, AS, Klempous, R & Nikodem, J 1970, 'Middleware integration model for Smart Hospital System using the open group architecture framework (TOGAF)', 2010 IEEE 14th International Conference on Intelligent Engineering Systems, 2010 IEEE 14th International Conference on Intelligent Engineering Systems (INES 2010), IEEE, Canary Islands, Spain, pp. 215-220.
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A significant portion of the Hospital Information Systems currently consists of various individual legacy applications that have to be integrated, to deliver a more unified solution. The performance, reliability and other factors of these applications can alter the performance, reliability and other characteristics of integrated Solution, the Smart Hospital Management System (SHS). The actual evaluation of these parameters of these applications is outside the scope of this document. The SHS being an infrastructure component relies heavily on the actual resources made available to it for its proper functioning, operation and maintenance. This article aims to deliver an approach in architecting solutions which can be utilised as framework to address common issues in integration of enterprise level solutions. The methodologies discussed in TOGAF version 9 are utilised to demonstrate the feasibility of proposed solution. This paper introduces the problem space/scenarios, constraints, requirements, enablers, risks, sample legacy application architectures and proposed integration solution presented with TOGAF components. The growing number of waiting lists, rising pressure on medical professionals and accountability for medical negligence are only part of the motivation to take initiative towards holds a core model integration strategy in various legacy infrastructure systems.

Chaczko, Z, Wickramasooriya, R, Klempous, R & Nikodem, J 1970, 'Security threats in Cognitive Radio applications', 2010 IEEE 14th International Conference on Intelligent Engineering Systems, 2010 IEEE 14th International Conference on Intelligent Engineering Systems, IEEE, Canary Islands, Spain, pp. 209-214.
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In this paper we shall consider security aspects of Cognitive Radio (CR) and its applications. We shall cover design of a security simulation model for cognitive radio and discuss results of conducted experiments using Omnet++ simulation tool in the .Net environment. The aim of this paper is to provide an overview of various applications of CR as well as the security threats faced when applying this technology. The functions, benefits and applications of CR are analyzed, along with the challenges faced by the technology. We shall discuss in detail a several security threats faced by CR and carry out selected research on techniques used to mitigate such malicious attacks and provide examples of simulation experiments in Omnet++.

Chaczko, Z, Yeoh, LA & Mahadevan, V 1970, 'A Preliminary Investigation on Computer Vision for Telemedicine Systems Using OpenCV', 2010 Second International Conference on Machine Learning and Computing, 2010 Second International Conference on Machine Learning and Computing, IEEE, Bangalore, India, pp. 42-46.
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OpenCV is typically, an open source vision library suitable for computer vision programs. In this paper, we present some of our preliminary investigation experiences of developing Computer Vision programs using OpenCV for robotic telemedicine cluster system, within the practice based ICTD subject within the undergraduate Software Engineering Program at the Faculty of Engineering, University of Technology Sydney (UTS). Firstly, it discusses our shared experiences in designing and implementing Computer Vision subsystem and discusses successes, as well as common problems both experienced and anticipated in adaptation of OpenCV framework and then justifies its purpose building a robotic system for telemedicine. Finally, it attempts to bridge the gap between the theoretical knowledge of design and programming with the practical side of software reuse and modularization when designing and implementing a robotic system for medical applications.

Chaiwongsai, J, Chiracharit, W, Chamnongthai, K, Miyanaga, Y & Higuchi, K 1970, 'Scalable architecture of tone classification function for tonal speech recognizer', 2010 International Symposium on Intelligent Signal Processing and Communication Systems, 2010 International Symposium on Intelligent Signal Processing and Communications Systems (ISPACS 2010), IEEE.
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Chan, KY, Ling, SH, Dillon, TS, Nguyen, H & IEEE 1970, 'Classification of Hypoglycemic Episodes for Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus based on Neural Networks', 2010 IEEE CONGRESS ON EVOLUTIONARY COMPUTATION (CEC), IEEE Congress on Evolutionary Computation, IEEE, Barcelona, Spain, pp. 1444-1448.
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Hypoglycemia is dangerous for Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) patients. Based on the physiological parameters, we have developed a classification unit with hybridizing the approaches of neural networks and genetic algorithm to identify the presences of hypoglycemic episodes for TIDM patients. The proposed classification unit is built and is validated by using the real T1DM patients' data sets collected from Department of Health, Government of Western Australia. Experimental results show that the proposed neural network based classification unit can achieve more accurate results on both trained and unseen T1DM patients' data sets compared with those developed based on the commonly used classification methods for medical diagnosis including statistical regression, fuzzy regression and genetic programming. © 2010 IEEE.

Chan, KY, Zhu, H, Lau, C, Dillon, TS, Ling, SH & IEEE 1970, 'Determination of chemo-responses for osteosarcoma using a hybrid evolutionary algorithm', 2010 IEEE CONGRESS ON EVOLUTIONARY COMPUTATION (CEC), IEEE Congress on Evolutionary Computation, IEEE, Barcelona, Spain, pp. 1865-1869.
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In this paper, a hybrid evolutionary algorithm (HEA) based on the approaches of the evolutionary algorithm and a local search (LS) is proposed to determine the gene signatures for predicting histologic response of chemotherapy on osteosarcoma patients, which is one of the most common malignant bone tumor in children. The HEA consists of a population of individuals but the evolution of individuals is conducted by a LS, rather than the crossover and mutation used in the traditional evolutionary algorithms. The proposed HEA can simultaneously optimize the feature subset and the classifier through a common solution coding mechanism. Experimental results indicate that HEA can obtain more accurate signatures than the other existing approaches in determining chemoresponse for osteosarcoma. © 2010 IEEE.

Chen, K, Huang, X & Xi, J 1970, 'A novel approach for interference suppression in multi-subband convolutional coded OFDM system', 2010 10th International Symposium on Communications and Information Technologies, 2010 10th International Symposium on Communications and Information Technologies (ISCIT), IEEE, pp. 667-671.
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This paper proposes a novel approach of suppressing narrowband interference from a multi - subband convolutional coded orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) system. In this system, the convolutional coded data symbols using different coding generators are transmitted in different subbands. By identifying and discarding the interfered subband(s), the interference level can be greatly reduced and the system performance of the OFDM system can be improved. The interference thresholds for discarding the interfered subband(s) are determined through simulations over additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) channel for demonstration purpose. The principle can also be applied to multipath fading channel. ©2010 IEEE.

Chen, X, Yang, J, Wu, Q & Zhao, J 1970, 'Motion blur detection based on lowest directional high-frequency energy', 2010 IEEE International Conference on Image Processing, 2010 17th IEEE International Conference on Image Processing (ICIP 2010), IEEE, Hongkong, pp. 2533-2536.
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Motion blur detection and the relevant blurring parameter estimation are important for many computer vision tasks. The contribution of this paper is in two folds. First, we propose a closed-form solution for motion direction estimation on blurred image. Secondly, a novel method is proposed for motion blurred region detection. The proposed direction estimation is based on measurement of lowest directional high-frequency energy. Compared with traditional methods, it will improve accuracy with less computational cost. Moreover, the proposed motion blurred region detection can efficiently estimate blurred regions without Point Spread Function estimation. Encouraging results are shown by experiments. © 2010 IEEE.

Cheng, E, Davis, S, Burnett, I & Ritz, C 1970, 'The Role of Experts in Social Media - Are the Tertiary Educated Engaged?', PROCEEDINGS OF THE 2010 IEEE INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON TECHNOLOGY AND SOCIETY: SOCIAL IMPLICATIONS OF EMERGING TECHNOLOGIES, International Symposium on Technology-and-Society - Social Implications of Emerging Technologies, IEEE, Univ Wollongong, Wollongong, AUSTRALIA, pp. 205-212.

Chiba, T, Ito, M, Yokota, H & Miyanaga, Y 1970, 'Implementation and evaluation of local breakout method for IP-based femtocell networks', The 2010 International Conference on Advanced Technologies for Communications, 2010 International Conference on Advanced Technologies for Communications (ATC 2010), IEEE.
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Concha, OP, Xu, RYD & Piccardi, M 1970, 'Compressive Sensing of Time Series for Human Action Recognition', 2010 International Conference on Digital Image Computing: Techniques and Applications, 2010 International Conference on Digital Image Computing: Techniques and Applications (DICTA), IEEE, Sydney, Australia, pp. 454-461.
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Compressive Sensing (CS) is an emerging signal processing technique where a sparse signal is reconstructed from a small set of random projections. In the recent literature, CS techniques have demonstrated promising results for signal compression and reconstruction [9, 8, 1]. However, their potential as dimensionality reduction techniques for time series has not been significantly explored to date. To this aim, this work investigates the suitability of compressive-sensed time series in an application of human action recognition. In the paper, results from several experiments are presented: (1) in a first set of experiments, the time series are transformed into the CS domain and fed into a hidden Markov model (HMM) for action recognition; (2) in a second set of experiments, the time series are explicitly reconstructed after CS compression and then used for recognition; (3) in the third set of experiments, the time series are compressed by a hybrid CS-Haar basis prior to input into HMM; (4) in the fourth set, the time series are reconstructed from the hybrid CS-Haar basis and used for recognition. We further compare these approaches with alternative techniques such as sub-sampling and filtering. Results from our experiments show unequivocally that the application of CS does not degrade the recognition accuracy; rather, it often increases it. This proves that CS can provide a desirable form of dimensionality reduction in pattern recognition over time series. © 2010 Crown Copyright.

Concha, OP, Xu, RYD & Piccardi, M 1970, 'Robust Dimensionality Reduction for Human Action Recognition', 2010 International Conference on Digital Image Computing: Techniques and Applications, 2010 International Conference on Digital Image Computing: Techniques and Applications (DICTA), IEEE, Sydney, Australia, pp. 349-356.
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Human action recognition can be approached by combining an action-discriminative feature set with a classifier. However, the dimensionality of typical feature sets joint with that of the time dimension often leads to a curse-of-dimensionality situation. Moreover, the measurement of the feature set is subject to sometime severe errors. This paper presents an approach to human action recognition based on robust dimensionality reduction. The observation probabilities of hidden Markov models (HMM) are modelled by mixtures of probabilistic principal components analyzers and mixtures of t-distribution sub-spaces, and compared with conventional Gaussian mixture models. Experimental results on two datasets show that dimensionality reduction helps improve the classification accuracy and that the heavier-tailed t-distribution can help reduce the impact of outliers generated by segmentation errors. © 2010 Crown Copyright.

Cui, Y, Jin, JS, Park, M, Luo, S, Xu, M, Yu Peng, Wong, WSF & Santos, LD 1970, 'Computer aided abnormality detection for microscopy images of cervical tissue', IEEE/ICME International Conference on Complex Medical Engineering, 2010 IEEE/ICME International Conference on Complex Medical Engineering - CME 2010, IEEE, Gold Coast Australia, pp. 63-68.
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Cervical cancer is the second most common malignancy among women worldwide, if it is detected in early stage, cure rate is relatively high. Computer aided abnormality detection for cervical smear is developed to assist medical experts to handle the microscopy images, examine cell abnormalities and diagnose dyskaryosis. The microscopy images of cells in cervix uteri are stained by the tumor marker Ki-67, so that the abnormal nuclei present brown while normal ones are bluish. Segmentation is the most important and difficult task to calculate the ratio of abnormal nuclei to all nuclei. In order to achieve accurate segmentation of nuclei, we propose a multi-level segmentation approach for abnormality identification in microscopy images. First level segmentation aims to partition abnormal (stained) nuclei regions and all nuclei regions. Because of under-segmentation after first level segmentation, second level segmentation is applied to further partition the clustered nuclei. In order to classify touching regions of clustered nuclei and separate regions of single nucleus, relevant meaningful features are extracted from regions of interest. Consequently all the nuclei regions are separated and in conjunction with the abnormal nuclei regions in the first level segmentation, the abnormality i.e. ratio of abnormal nuclei to all nuclei is obtained. Experimental results indicate that our method achieved an accuracy of 93.55% and 95.8% in term of abnormal nuclei and all nuclei respectively for identification of abnormalities. Our proposed method produces a satisfactory segmentation. © 2010 IEEE.

Davis, SJ, Cheng, EC, Burnett, IS & Ritz, CH 1970, 'Multimedia adaptation based on semantics from social network users interacting with media', 2010 Second International Workshop on Quality of Multimedia Experience (QoMEX), 2010 Second International Workshop on Quality of Multimedia Experience (QoMEX 2010), IEEE, pp. 170-175.
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A key goal of adaptive multimedia delivery is to provide users with content that maximizes their quality of experience. To achieve this goal, adaptive multimedia systems require descriptions of the content and user preference information, moving beyond traditional criteria such as quality of service requirements or perceptual quality based on traditional metrics. Media is increasingly consumed within online social networks and multimedia sharing websites can also add a wealth of metadata. In this paper, mechanisms for gathering semantics that relate to user preferences when interacting with media content in social networks are proposed. Subjective results indicate the proposed mechanisms can successfully provide information about user and social group media preferences that can be used for adapting multimedia for improved user quality of experience. ©2010 IEEE.

Du, R, Wang, S, Wu, Q & He, X 1970, 'Learn Concepts in Multiple-Instance Learning with Diverse Density Framework Using Supervised Mean Shift', 2010 International Conference on Digital Image Computing: Techniques and Applications, 2010 International Conference on Digital Image Computing: Techniques and Applications (DICTA), IEEE, Sydney, Australia, pp. 643-648.
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Many machine learning tasks can be achieved by using Multiple-instance learning (MIL) when the target features are ambiguous. As a general MIL framework, Diverse Density (DD) provides a way to learn those ambiguous features by maxmising the DD estimator, and the maximum of DD estimator is called a concept. However, modeling and finding multiple concepts is often difficult especially without prior knowledge of concept number, i.e., every positive bag may contain multiple coexistent and heterogeneous concepts but we do not know how many concepts exist. In this work, we present a new approach to find multiple concepts of DD by using an supervised mean shift algorithm. Unlike classic mean shift (an unsupervised clustering algorithm), our approach for the first time introduces the class label to feature point and each point differently contributes the mean shift iterations according to its label and position. A feature point derives from an MIL instance and takes corresponding bag label. Our supervised mean shift starts from positive points and converges to the local maxima that are close to the positive points and far away from the negative points. Experiments qualitatively indicate that our approach has better properties than other DD methods. © 2010 IEEE.

Du, Y & Lu, DD-C 1970, 'Analysis of a battery-integrated boost converter for module-based series connected photovoltaic system', The 2010 International Power Electronics Conference - ECCE ASIA -, 2010 International Power Electronics Conference (IPEC - Sapporo), IEEE, pp. 694-698.
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In this paper, a battery-integrated boost converter for module-based series connected photovoltaic (PV) system is analyzed. Each PV module has its own battery and DC/DC converter. The converter achieves maximum power point tracking (MPPT) and battery charging. Application of proposed converter to module-based series connected PV system can maintain string voltage and save an additional voltage amplification stage. Steady-state analysis of the converter to determine the power flow equations is presented. Three advantages comparing with the conventional series connected boost converter are reported. Simulation and experimental results of a laboratory prototype are presented. © 2010 IEEE.

Du, ZS & Watterson, PA 1970, 'Design and implementation of a radial magnetic bearing with permanent magnet bias', AUPEC 2010 - 20th Australasian Universities Power Engineering Conference: 'Power Quality for the 21st Century', Australasian Universities Power Engineering Conference, IEEE, Christchurch, New Zealand, pp. 1-6.
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A new yoke winding for a radial magnetic bearing with permanent magnet bias flux is investigated and shown to reduce the copper loss and copper cost, by 32% in the prototype built. Magnetic circuit analysis neglecting fringing was found to give a poor estimate of the permanent magnet bias flux and 3D finite element analysis (FEA) would be needed to model it. However, 2D FEA was sufficient to model the field in the plane of the stator laminations, providing that the correct bias flux was imposed as a boundary condition. Solutions for the axial magnetic vector potential component Az were obtained, with a discontinuity prescribed across a cut from the inner to outer domain boundary. A small prototype was built and tested on a shaft whose other end was supported by a ball bearing race with free angular movement. For each of the horizontal and vertical directions, closed loop control was applied with Hall elements providing the shaft position signal. A lead-lag controller, designed using Matlab Simulink and implemented in Turbo Pascal 6, levitated the rotor.

Dyadyuk, V, Huang, X, Stokes, L & Pathikulangara, J 1970, 'Implementation of wideband digital beam forming in the E-band: Towards a hybrid array', European Microwave Week 2010, EuMW2010: Connecting the World, Conference Proceedings - European Microwave Conference, EuMC 2010, 40th European Microwave Conference, IEEE, Paris, FRANCE, pp. 914-917.
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This paper reports the test results of a small-scale prototype that implements a digitally beam-formed phased antenna array in the E-band. A four-channel dual-conversion receive RF module for 71-76 GHz frequency band has been developed and integrated with a linear end-fire antenna array. Wideband frequency-domain angle-of-arrival estimation and beam forming algorithms were developed and implemented using 1 Gbps OFDM QPSK symbols. Measured performance is very close to the simulated results and experimental data for an analogue-beam-formed array. This work is a stepping stone towards practical realization of larger hybrid arrays in the E-band. © 2010 EuMA.

Fookes, C, Denman, S, Lakemond, R, Ryan, D, Sridharan, S & Piccardi, M 1970, 'Semi-supervised intelligent surveillance system for secure environments', 2010 IEEE International Symposium on Industrial Electronics, 2010 IEEE International Symposium on Industrial Electronics (ISIE 2010), IEEE, Bari, Italy, pp. 2815-2820.
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This paper proposes a semi-supervised intelligent visual surveillance system to exploit the information from multi-camera networks for the monitoring of people and vehicles. Modules are proposed to perform critical surveillance tasks including: the manag

Gang Lei, Shao, KR, Yang, GY, Youguang Guo, Jianguo Zhu & Lavers, JD 1970, 'Sequential design of experiments techniques for the optimization design of electromagnetic devices', Digests of the 2010 14th Biennial IEEE Conference on Electromagnetic Field Computation, 2010 14th Biennial IEEE Conference on Electromagnetic Field Computation (CEFC 2010), IEEE.
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Three sequential design of experiments (uniform, Latin hypercube and central composite designs) techniques are presented to deal with the optimization design problems of electromagnetic devices. These methods can be employed not only as the sampling techniques for the sequential optimization method, but also as a direct sampling optimization method. Thereafter, we use a TEAM Workshop problem to demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed methods. From the experiments and the comparison, we can see that the proposed methods can produce satisfactory solutions, and the compute cost of the total finite element analysis can be remarkably reduced. © 2010 IEEE.

Gay, V, Leijdekkers, P & Barin, E 1970, 'Feasibility trial of a novel mobile cardiac rehabilitation application', The 12th IEEE International Conference on e-Health Networking, Applications and Services, 2010 12th IEEE International Conference on e-Health Networking, Applications and Services (Healthcom 2010), IEEE, Lyon, France, pp. 86-92.
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A trial with a cardiac rehabilitation centre is in progress where we test a novel cardiac rehab application using a standard mobile phone and wireless sensors. The goal is to obtain insight how remote monitoring compares to conventional rehabilitation methods in terms of adherence to cardiac rehabilitation programmes. In this trial we seek feedback from patients and health professionals regarding usability and practicability of the software and hardware used and we investigate whether the use of the novel mobile rehabilitation application provides clinically meaningful reassurance to patients during their cardiac rehabilitation. The trial also investigates whether physical and psychological measures improve using the system. This paper describes the mobile cardiac rehabilitation application as well as the setup of the trial.

Gay, VC & Leijdekkers, P 1970, 'Body Sensor networks for Mobile Health Monitoring', 2010 Fourth International Conference on Digital society ICDS 2010, 2010 Fourth International Conference on Digital society ICDS 2010, IEEE Computer Society, St Maarten, Netherlands Antilles, pp. 204-209.
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Abstractâ Remote ambulatory monitoring is widely seen as playing a key part in addressing the impending crisis in health care provision. We describe two mobile health solutions, one developed in the Netherlands and one in Australia. In both cases patientsâ biosignals are measured by means of body worn sensors which communicate wirelessly with a handheld device. Alarms and biosignals can be transmitted over wireless communication links to a remote location, and a remote health professional can view the biosignals via a web application. The clinical purposes are similar, however the technological approaches differ in some respects. We compare the two approaches and the experience gained working with a number of different patient groups and clinical specialties during trials in Europe and Australia.

George, L, Lehmann, T & Hamilton, TJ 1970, 'Reusable Power Supply ICs for E-Waste Reduction in Mobile Consumer Electronics', Proceedings of the Annual International Conference on Infocomm Technologies in Competitive Strategies, Annual International Conference on Infocomm Technologies in Competitive Strategies, Global Science and Technology Forum.
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Gong, R, Wang, S, Luo, X, Qiu, J, Zhu, JG & Guo, Y 1970, 'Simulation and optimization of structure parameters in 550kV disconnectors based on Response Surface Method', Digests of the 2010 14th Biennial IEEE Conference on Electromagnetic Field Computation, 2010 14th Biennial IEEE Conference on Electromagnetic Field Computation (CEFC 2010), IEEE.
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In this paper, the simulation and optimization electric field distribution in 550kV disconnectors of Gas Insulated Switchgear (GIS) are investigated employing the Finite Element Method (FEM) and Response Surface Method (RSM). The simulation results reveal that a uniform electric field distribution is achieved in 550kV disconnectors of GIS. This optimal prototype of disconnectors has been undertaken the experiments under power frequency withstanding voltage of 740kV for 1 minute, lightening impulse of 1675kV, and operating impulse of 1300kV, respectively. The structure design and the reliability of the optimized disconnectors are verified. © 2010 IEEE.

Guo, W, Xu, C, Ma, S & Xu, M 1970, 'Visual Attention Based Motion Object Detection and Trajectory Tracking', 11th Pacific Rim Conference on Multimedia, Springer, Shanghai China, pp. 462-470.
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A motion trajectory tracking method using a novel visual attention model and kernel density estimation is proposed in this paper. As a crucial step, moving objects detection is based on visual attention. The visual attention model is built by combination of the static and motion feature attention map and a Karhunen-Loeve transform (KLT) distribution map. Since the visual attention analysis is conducted on object level instead of pixel level, the proposed method can detect any kinds of motion objects provided saliency without the affection of objects appearance and surrounding circumstance. After locating the region of moving object, the kernel density is estimated for trajectory tracking. The experimental results show that the proposed method is promising for moving objects detection and trajectory tracking.

Guo, W, Xu, C, Ma, S & Xu, M 1970, 'Visual attention based small object segmentation in natual images', 2010 IEEE International Conference on Image Processing, 2010 17th IEEE International Conference on Image Processing (ICIP 2010), IEEE, Hongkong, pp. 1565-1568.
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Small object segmentation is a challenging task in image processing and computer vision. In this paper we propose a visual attention based segmentation approach to segment interesting objects with small size in natural images. Different from traditional methods which use the single feature vectors, visual attention analysis is used on local and global features to extract the region of interesting objects. Within the region selected by visual attention analysis, Gaussian Mixture Model (GMM) is applied to further locate the object region. By incorporation of visual attention analysis into object segmentation, the proposed approach is able to narrow the searching region for object segmentation so as to increase the segmentation accuracy and reduce the computational complex. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed approach is efficient for object segmentation in natural images, especially for small objects. The proposed method outperforms traditional GMM based segmentation significantly. © 2010 IEEE.

Guo, Y, Jin, J, Zhu, J, Lu, H & Xu, W 1970, 'Performance analysis of a linear synchronous motor with HTS bulk magnets', The XIX International Conference on Electrical Machines - ICEM 2010, 2010 XIX International Conference on Electrical Machines (ICEM), IEEE, Rome, Italy, pp. 1-5.
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The study on high temperature superconducting (HTS) bulk magnets and their application has attracted much attention. This paper presents the performance analysis of a linear synchronous motor (LSM) with HTS bulk magnets for driving an HTS maglev vehicle model. Finite element magnetic field analysis is carried out for computing the magnetic field distribution and key parameters of the LSM, and an equivalent electrical circuit is then applied to predict the motor performance, showing that the presented motor is appropriate for driving the model vehicle. The LSM has been prototyped, installed in the maglev vehicle model, and tested for validating the theoretical analysis.

Ha, PN, Fujita, H, Ozaki, K & Uchida, N 1970, 'Analysis and control of the heat distribution in a zone-control induction heating system', The 2010 International Power Electronics Conference - ECCE ASIA -, 2010 International Power Electronics Conference (IPEC - Sapporo), IEEE, Sapporo, Japan, pp. 2324-2330.
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This paper deals with analysis and control of the heat distribution in zone-control induction heating (ZCIH) systems. A ZCIH system consists of two or more split working coils and inverter units, which enables to control the heat and/or temperature distribution on the workpiece by adjusting the current amplitude through each working coil. This paper carries out the theoretical analysis of the generated heat in the workpiece, and reveals a relation between the coil currents and the heat distribution. As a results, it is also clarified that the heat distribution can be estimated by a simple calculation using a three-dimensional resistance matrix. The experimental results are shown to verify the validity of the developed theory by using a six-zone ZCIH laboratory setup.

Hagelstein, B, Abolhasan, M, Franklin, DR & Safaei, F 1970, 'An efficient opportunistic cooperative diversity protocol for IEEE 802.11 networks.', IWCMC, International Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing Conference, ACM, Caen, France, pp. 417-421.
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Opportunistic cooperation promises to enhance the user experience when streaming media over wireless devices by improving wireless network reliability at the link level. This paper presents DAFMAC, an efficient cooperative diversity partner selection algorithm for IEEE 802.11 devices. Simulation results show DAFMAC provides a significantly higher transmission reliability in poor channel conditions than traditional ARQ techniques without modifying the device hardware. Further analysis shows the low overhead of DAFMAC makes it highly competitive with other proposed cooperative retransmission mechanisms in an ad-hoc network.

Hamilton, TJ, Tapson, J, Jin, C & van Schaik, A 1970, 'Investigating the implications of outer hair cell connectivity using a silicon cochlea', Proceedings of 2010 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems, 2010 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems - ISCAS 2010, IEEE, pp. 3817-3820.
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In this paper we present results from several implementations of silicon cochleae whose dynamics are governed by the Hopf equation. These silicon cochleae exhibit the majority of active, nonlinear characteristics of the biological cochlea such as large-signal compression, two-tone suppression, the creation of distortion products and so forth. Here we explore the coupling between resonant sections of the basilar membrane to investigate phenomena such as masking and the characteristic frequency response curve of the cochlea at a particular place along the basilar membrane. We see that the interaction of resonant sections can account for these phenomena and that we can use these observations to partially explain the connectivity of the afferent and efferent fibres to the outer hair cells. This work not only gives us valuable insight into the dynamical behaviour of the early auditory system but it also highlights the benefits of building circuits of these complex systems in order to produce models whose parameters can be tuned and whose outputs can be observed and measured in real-time. ©2010 IEEE.

He, X, Wei, D, Lam, K-M, Li, J, Wang, L, Jia, W & Wu, Q 1970, 'Canny Edge Detection Using Bilateral Filter on Real Hexagonal Structure', Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics), Advanced Concepts for Intelligent Vision System, Springer Berlin Heidelberg, Sydney, Australia, pp. 233-244.
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Edge detection plays an important role in image processing area. This paper presents a Canny edge detection method based on bilateral filtering which achieves better performance than single Gaussian filtering. In this form of filtering, both spatial closeness and intensity similarity of pixels are considered in order to preserve important visual cues provided by edges and reduce the sharpness of transitions in intensity values as well. In addition, the edge detection method proposed in this paper is achieved on sampled images represented on a real hexagonal structure. Due to the compact and circular nature of the hexagonal lattice, a better quality edge map is obtained on the hexagonal structure than common edge detection on square structure. Experimental results using proposed methods exhibit also the faster speed of detection on hexagonal structure. © 2010 Springer-Verlag.

Heyns, M, Bellenger, F, Brammertz, G, Caymax, M, Cantoro, M, De Gendt, S, De Jaeger, B, Delabie, A, Eneman, G, Groeseneken, G, Hellings, G, Houssa, M, Iacopi, F, Leonelli, D, Lin, D, Magnus, W, Martens, K, Merckling, C, Meuris, M, Mitard, J, Penaud, J, Pourtois, G, Scarrozza, M, Simoen, E, Soree, B, Van Elshocht, S, Vandenberghe, W, Vandooren, A, Vereecke, P, Verhulst, A & Wang, W-E 1970, 'Shaping the future of nanoelectronics beyond the Si roadmap with new materials and devices', OPTICAL MICROLITHOGRAPHY XXIII, Conference on Optical Microlithography XXIII, SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING, San Jose, CA.
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Hidayat, R & Miyanaga, Y 1970, 'IR-UWB Pulse Position Modulation and Pulse Shape Modulation Through S-V Channel Model', 2010 Second International Conference on Communication Software and Networks, 2010 Second International Conference on Communication Software and Networks, IEEE.
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Hoang, DB & Chen, L 1970, 'Mobile Cloud for Assistive Healthcare (MoCAsH)', 2010 IEEE Asia-Pacific Services Computing Conference, 2010 Asia-Pacific Services Computing Conference (APSCC), IEEE, Hangzhou, China, pp. 325-332.
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Deploying state-of-the-art technologies is vital and inevitable in assistive healthcare to cope with emerging services such as remote monitoring, collaborative consultation, and electronic health record. Grid computing has succeeded somewhat in enabling the sharing of resources across organizations but has not been deployed widely due to its complex implementation and interface. Cloud computing overcomes this aspect by allowing simple and easy user access, coping with users' dynamic and elastic demands, providing metered usage for its resources and hence is increasingly being adopted by individual users as well as enterprise users. The Cloud may just be the right technology for healthcare infrastructure. However, serveral serious issues concerning security, data protection and ownership, quality of services, and mobility need to be resolved before Cloud computing can be widely adopted... This paper proposes Mobile Cloud for Assistive Healthcare (MoCAsH) as an infrastructure for assistive healthcare. Besides inheriting the advantages of Cloud computing, MoCAsH embraces important concepts of mobile sensing, active sensor records, and collaborative planning by deploying intelligent mobile agents, context-aware middleware, and collaborative protocol for efficient resource sharing and planning. MoCAsH addresses security and privacy issues by deploying selective and federated P2P Cloud to protect data, preserve data ownership and strengthen aspects of security. It also addresses various quality-of-service issues concerning critical responses and energy consumption.

Hossain, MJ, Pota, HR & Ramos, RA 1970, 'Dynamic transfer capability analysis with wind farms and dynamic loads', AUPEC 2010 - 20th Australasian Universities Power Engineering Conference: 'Power Quality for the 21st Century', 20th Australasian Universities Power Engineering Conference (AUPEC) - Power Quality for the 21st Century, IEEE, Univ Canterbury, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Coll Engn, Christchurch, NEW ZEALAND.
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This paper analyses the effects of different power system devices on the dynamic transfer capability of transmission lines under varying operating conditions. An investigation on the effect of dynamics loads, wind farms and flexible AC transmission system (FACTS) devices on the transfer capability of a heavily stressed power system is carried out. A comparative study on the enhancement of transfer capability by different types of FACTS devices is also presented. The analyses have been carried out using a test system comprised of three machines and two-areas. Based on these analyses and on the simulations results shown in this paper, it is possible to conclude that the available (dynamic) transfer capability (ATC) is not only limited by the thermal and voltage constrains, but also restricted by the dynamics of different power system devices and fault conditions.

Hossain, MJ, Pota, HR & Ramos, RA 1970, 'Impact of wind turbine penetration on the dynamic performance of interconnected power systems', AUPEC 2010 - 20th Australasian Universities Power Engineering Conference: 'Power Quality for the 21st Century', 20th Australasian Universities Power Engineering Conference (AUPEC) - Power Quality for the 21st Century, IEEE, Univ Canterbury, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Coll Engn, Christchurch, NEW ZEALAND.
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The complexity of power systems has increased in recent years due to the operation of existing transmission lines closer to their limits using flexible AC transmission system devices (FACTS), and also due to the increased penetration of new types of generators that have more intermittent characteristics and lower inertial response, such as wind generators. This changing nature of power systems has considerable effect on its dynamic behaviour resulting in power swings, dynamic interactions between different power system devices and less synchronized coupling. This paper analyses this changing nature of power systems and their dynamic behaviours to identify critical issues that limit the large-scale integration of wind generators and FACTS devices. The studies in this paper are conducted on the New England and New York power system model. Modal analysis, PV analysis, eigenvalue tracking and dynamic simulations are used to investigate the dynamic behaviour of a complex power system under both small and large disturbances. From the analyses, it can be concluded that the modes related to operating slip and shaft stiffness are critical as they may limit the large-scale integration of wind generation.

Hossain, MJ, Pota, HR & Ramos, RA 1970, 'Investigation of the dynamic performance of compensation devices for voltage stability during low voltages', AUPEC 2010 - 20th Australasian Universities Power Engineering Conference: 'Power Quality for the 21st Century', 20th Australasian Universities Power Engineering Conference (AUPEC) - Power Quality for the 21st Century, IEEE, Univ Canterbury, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Coll Engn, Christchurch, NEW ZEALAND.
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The reactive power output of compensating devices must be compared at the minimum voltage that is accepted in the grid. This paper analyses the performance of flexible AC transmission system (FACTS) devices during low-voltage recovery transients for different fault conditions. Some critical interactions amongst FACTS devices during low-voltage conditions are also investigated. The reactive power control capabilities of dynamic compensating devices at post-fault conditions are compared. In addition, this paper addresses some general concerns towards high compensations in different grid topologies. Several cases are analysed using an IEEE benchmark test system composed of 16 machines and 69 buses, which is the reduced model of New England/New York interconnection. From the analyses, it can be concluded that high compensation can reduce the security limits under certain operating conditions; certain FACTS devices are beneficial for certain network configurations; and the FACTS device with a constant current source provides better performance during low-voltage conditions.

Hossain, MJ, Pota, HR, Ugrinovskii, V & Ramos, RA 1970, 'Decentralized control to augment LVRT capability of wind generators with STATCOM/ESS', IEEE PES General Meeting, Energy Society General Meeting, IEEE, Minneapolis, MN.
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Hu, J, Zhu, J, Dorrell, D, Wang, Y, Zhang, Y, Xu, W & Li, Y 1970, 'A novel control strategy for Doubly Fed Induction Generator and Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generator during voltage dips', AUPEC 2010 - 20th Australasian Universities Power Engineering Conference: 'Power Quality for the 21st Century', Australasian Universities Power Engineering Conference, IEEE, Christchurch, New Zealand, pp. 1-6.
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This paper proposes a novel control strategy for Doubly Fed Induction Generator (DFIG) based wind power system and Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generator (PMSG) based wind power system during grid voltage dips. Based on a comparative study, the rotor over-current of DFIG and DC-link over-voltage of PMSG are identified as two main issues during grid voltage dips. A novel control strategy is proposed to enhance the wind farm Fault Ride Through (FRT) capability to some degree without additional devices, taking both grid code requirements and wind turbine requirements into account. A wind farm model consisting of DFIGs and PMSGs is built up. The effectiveness of the solution is demonstrated after simulation using MATLAB/SIMULINK.

Hu, J, Zhu, J, Dorrell, DG, Ma, Q, Zhang, Y, Xu, W & IEEE 1970, 'Control Strategies of Variable-Speed Wind System under New Grid Code Requirement-A Survey', IECON 2010 - 36TH ANNUAL CONFERENCE ON IEEE INDUSTRIAL ELECTRONICS SOCIETY, IEEE Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, IEEE, Glendale, AZ, USA, pp. 3061-3066.
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The rate at which large variable speed wind farms are being developed had increased rapidly as the demand for green energy has grown. With this increase in distributed energy penetration into power networks, the main focus must be on power quality (Voltage Quality and Supply Reliability). However, new grid codes require wind energy generating systems to ride through grid faults, and at the same time inject reactive current into the grid. This paper presents a comprehensive survey of the control strategies for doubly-fed induction generator wind systems, including grid synchronization, maximum power point tracking (MPPT), active and reactive power regulation, and fault ride-through. From the assessment of these control techniques, conclusions about the trend of wind power generation technologies are drawn.

Hu, J-J & Zeng, G 1970, 'On The Exit Management Policy Of Public Housing In Major Market Economies And Its Enlightenment', PROCEEDINGS OF 2010 INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF ASIA PACIFIC NETWORK FOR HOUSING RESEARCH, Proceedings of 2010 International Conference of Asia Pacific Network for Housing Research, CHINA ARCHITECTURE & BUILDING PRESS, Renmin Univ China, Beijing, PEOPLES R CHINA, pp. 1-12.

Huan, X & Guo, YJ 1970, 'Block Spread OFDMA with STC MIMO for Improved Frequency and Spatial Diversity over Broadband Wireless Access Uplink', 2010 IEEE Wireless Communication and Networking Conference, Networking Conference (WCNC), IEEE.
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A novel combination of block spread orthogonal frequency division multiple access (BS-OFDMA) with space-time coded multiple input multiple output (STC MIMO) scheme is proposed for broadband wireless access uplink transmission. Using complex exponential spreading sequences, the block spreading technique can efficiently generate precoded OFDMA signal to exploit frequency diversity. An Alamouti STC MIMO encoding technique is incorporated with the block spreading to achieve further spatial diversity. The performance of the proposed STC-BS-OFDMA system using minimum mean squared error equalization is analyzed, and a closed-form asymptotical bit error rate expression is derived. Simulation results are also given to demonstrate the improved diversity performance as compared with other OFDMA schemes. The proposed techniques are well suited for future broadband wireless access systems such as 3G LTE and 4G. ©2010 IEEE.

Huang, X & Guo, YJ 1970, 'MSE lower bounds for phase estimation based on overlapped Gaussian distribution', 2010 10th International Symposium on Communications and Information Technologies, 2010 10th International Symposium on Communications and Information Technologies (ISCIT), IEEE, pp. 655-660.
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The Cramér-Rao bound (CRB) has been widely used as a mean square error (MSE) lower bound for unbiased parameter estimations. For phase estimation, however, the CRB is not valid at low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) due to the effect of phase wrapping. In this paper, closed-form approximations of the MSE lower bounds for the phase estimation are derived under both Gaussian and Rayleigh fading channels, which are particularly useful at low SNR. The derivation is based on an overlapped Gaussian distribution which is used to approximate the true posterior phase distribution. Analytical and simulation results show that the derived closed-form MSE lower bounds provide more meaningful indications to the phase estimation performance than the CRB. ©2010 IEEE.

Huang, X, Dyadyuk, V, Guo, YJ, Stokes, L & Pathikulangara, J 1970, 'Frequency-Domain Digital Calibration and Beamforming with Wideband Antenna Array', 2010 IEEE Global Telecommunications Conference GLOBECOM 2010, GLOBECOM 2010 - 2010 IEEE Global Communications Conference, IEEE.
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This paper presents a joint channel and mutual coupling estimation technique for wideband antenna array to achieve high speed wireless communications in the millimetrewave frequency bands. The estimated channel frequency responses and mutual coupling matrix can be used to digitally calibrate a wideband antenna array in the frequency-domain, followed by digital beamforming. Experiments are carried out using a four-element receive array prototype in the E-band (71-76 GHz) to demonstrate the frequency-domain digital calibration and beamforming performance. The results show that both the mutual coupling and wideband effects are effectively mitigated by the proposed technique and a 11.5 dBi array gain is achieved which is very close to that of an ideal four-element antenna array. ©2010 IEEE.

Huang, Y, Qian, M, Yuan, Y, Shi, J, Tian, L & Huang, X 1970, 'Call Admission Control Scheme for Multicast Service Enabled Cellular Networks', 2010 IEEE 72nd Vehicular Technology Conference - Fall, 2010 IEEE Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC 2010-Fall), IEEE, Ottawa, CANADA.
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Hung, NT, Nguyen, H-T, Nam, NG, Lan, TN & Hoang, DT 1970, 'IMS IPTV: An Experimental Approach.', TRIDENTCOM, Springer, pp. 573-576.
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IMS has been widely recognized as the control and signaling framework for delivering of the rich communication & multimedia services to broadband users. Amongst others, it's deploying as the service (middleware) platform for interactive and personalized IPTV services. The goal of this paper is to provide a short description and analysis of the (IPTV) use cases that have been selected for design and implementation at Hanoi University of Technology (HUT) in scope of its initiatives for NGN researching program. Major use cases, or we called intelligent features, are the advanced electronic service guide, video on demand (VoD), (IPTV) session continuity, and parental control. Development results for each of the use case are depicted. © Institute for Computer Sciences, Social Informatics and Telecommunications Engineering 2011.

Iacopi, F, Choi, JH, Muneoka, H, Mori, S, Terashima, K, Rice, PM, Krupp, L & Dubois, G 1970, 'Breakthrough reduction of low-k damage with cryoplasma ashing', Advanced Metallization Conference (AMC), pp. 180-181.
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We demonstrate that 193nm photoresist material can be etched using an ashing process with plasma gas at cryogenic temperatures at least down to 200K. For equivalent ashing times, the penetration extent of oxidizing plasma species into a 40% porosity OSG dielectric at 200K is three times smaller than at room temperature.

Ishii, Y, Pham, NH, Fujita, H, Uchida, N & Ozaki, K 1970, 'A New Control Method for Zone‐Control Induction Heating (ZCIH) Systems', The 2010 Annual Meeting of the Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan, Japan.

Islam, FR, Pota, HR, Mahmud, MA & Hossain, MJ 1970, 'Impact of PHEV loads on the dynamic performance of power system', AUPEC 2010 - 20th Australasian Universities Power Engineering Conference: 'Power Quality for the 21st Century', 20th Australasian Universities Power Engineering Conference (AUPEC) - Power Quality for the 21st Century, IEEE, Univ Canterbury, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Coll Engn, Christchurch, NEW ZEALAND.
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Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles (PHEVs) are likely to be used as an alternative to conventional vehicles due to environmental friendly, energy-wise and cost effective. The effects of large-scale PHEV integration need to be investigated before they are integrated into the existing grid. This paper analyses the impact of PHEV loads on the dynamic behaviour of a power system under both small and large disturbances. From the analysis, it can be concluded that the PHEV loads can reduce the damping of the system under certain operating conditions.

Islam, MR, Guo, Y & Zhu, JG 1970, 'Steady state characteristic simulation of DFIG for wind power system', International Conference on Electrical & Computer Engineering (ICECE 2010), Computer Engineering (ICECE), IEEE, Dhaka, Bangladesh, pp. 151-154.
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Wind power, as an important and promising renewable resource, is widely studied. Because the wind is highly variable, it is very desirable to operate a wind turbine at variable speeds. In this respect, doubly fed induction generator (DFIG) has become popular in wind power generation system. The steady state simulation analysis of a DFIG is essential to understand the behavior of DFIG such that it can operate at maximum power producing point for a given wind speed. This paper explores the steady state characteristic of a DFIG in wind power generation system using MATLAB.

Islam, MR, Guo, Y, Zhu, JG & Rabbani, MG 1970, 'Simulation of PV array characteristics and fabrication of microcontroller based MPPT', International Conference on Electrical & Computer Engineering (ICECE 2010), Computer Engineering (ICECE), IEEE, Dhaka, Bangladesh, pp. 155-158.
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In photovoltaic (PV) systems, the PV array represents about 57% of the total cost of the system, so it is very desirable to operate the PV panel at the maximum power point (MPP). The output characteristics of the solar array are nonlinear and vitally affected by solar radiation, temperature, and load conditions. In this respect simulation analysis of PV array is essential to understand the output characteristics of PV array such that it can operate at the maximum power producing point for a given atmospheric condition. This paper explores the output characteristics of a PV array in MATLAB environment and the fabrication of a microcontroller based simple maximum power point tracker (MPPT). The fabricated MMPT has the capability to track the MPP and the use of the MPPT enhances the output power by 20%.

Jamdagni, A, Tan, T, Liu, R, Nanda, P & He, S 1970, 'Pattern Recognition Approach for Anomaly Detection of Web-based Attacks', The Seventh Annual CSIRO ICT Centre Science and Engineering Conference, Annual CSIRO ICT Centre Science and Engineering Conference, CSIRO, Australian Technology Park, Eveleigh, NSW, Australia, pp. 1-2.
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The universal use of the Internet has made it more difficult to achieve high security. Attackers target web applications instead of Telnet ports. Cyber-attacks and breaches of information security are increasing in frequency. The goal of Intrusion Detection Systems (IDSs) is to monitor network traffic and detect web-based attacks. Common IDSs are either signature based or anomaly based. Signature based IDS is unable to detect novel attack (Le., zero-day) or polymorphic attacks, until the signature database is updated. On the other hand, an anomaly-based IDS can detect new attacks and polymorphic attacks. However, anomaly based system has a relatively high number of false positives.

Jamdagni, A, Tan, Z, Nanda, P, He, X & Liu, RP 1970, 'Intrusion detection using GSAD model for HTTP traffic on web services', Proceedings of the 6th International Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing Conference, IWCMC '10: 2010 International Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing Conference, ACM, Caen, France, pp. 1193-1197.
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Intrusion detection systems are widely used security tools to detect cyber-attacks and malicious activities in computer systems and networks. Hypertext Transport Protocol (HTTP) is used for new applications without much interference. In this paper, we focus on intrusion detection of HTTP traffic by applying pattern recognition techniques using our Geometrical Structure Anomaly Detection (GSAD) model. Experimental results reveal that features extracted from HTTP request using GSAD model can be used to distinguish anomalous traffic from normal traffic, and attacks carried out over HTTP traffic can be identified. We evaluate and compare our results with the results of PAYL intrusion detection systems for the test of DARPA 1999 IDS data set. The results show GSAD has high detection rates and low false positive rates. Copyright © 2010 ACM.

Jamdagni, A, Tan, Z, Nanda, P, He, X & Liu, RP 1970, 'Mahalanobis Distance Map approach for Anomaly Detection of web-based attacks', Proceedings of the 8th Australian Information Security Management Conference, Australian Information Security Management Conference, SECAU - Security Research Centre, Perth, Western Australia, pp. 8-17.
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Web servers and web-based applications are commonly used as attack targets. The main issues are how to prevent unauthorised access and to protect web servers from the attack. Intrusion Detection Systems (IDSs) are widely used security tools to detect cyber-attacks and malicious activities in computer systems and networks. In this paper, we focus on the detection of various web-based attacks using Geometrical Structure Anomaly Detection (GSAD) model and we also propose a novel algorithm for the selection of most discriminating features to improve the computational complexity of payload-based GSAD model. Linear Discriminant method (LDA) is used for the feature reduction and classification of the incoming network traffic. GSAD model is based on a pattern recognition technique used in image processing. It analyses the correlations between various payload features and uses Mahalanobis Distance Map (MDM) to calculate the difference between normal and abnormal network traffic. We focus on the detection of generic attacks, shell code attacks, polymorphic attacks and polymorphic blending attacks. We evaluate accuracy of GSAD model experimentally on the real-world attacks dataset created at Georgia Institute of Technology. We conducted preliminary experiments on the DARPA 99 dataset to evaluate the accuracy of feature reduction.

Jia, W, He, X & Wu, Q 1970, 'ECCH: A novel color coocurrence histogram', 2010 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing, 2010 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing, IEEE, Dallas, USA, pp. 1258-1261.
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In this paper, a novel color cooccurrence histogram method, named eCCH which stands for color cooccurrence histogram at edge points, is proposed to describe the spatial-color joint distribution of images. Unlike all existing ideas, we only investigate the color distribution of pixels located at the two sides of edge points on gradient direction lines. When measuring the similarity of two eCCHs, the Gaussian weighted histogram intersection method is adopted, where both identical and similar color pairs are considered to compensate color variations. Comparative experimental results demonstrate the performance of the proposed eCCH in terms of robustness to color variance and small computational complexity. ©2010 IEEE.

Jia, W, He, X & Wu, Q 1970, 'Segmenting Characters from License Plate Images with Little Prior Knowledge', 2010 International Conference on Digital Image Computing: Techniques and Applications, 2010 International Conference on Digital Image Computing: Techniques and Applications (DICTA), IEEE, Sydney, Australia, pp. 220-226.
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In this paper, to enable a fast and robust system for automatically recognizing license plates with various appearances, new and simple but efficient algorithms are developed to segment characters from extracted license plate images. Our goal is to segment characters properly from a license plate image region. Different from existing methods for segmenting degraded machine-printed characters, our algorithms are based on very weak assumptions and use no prior knowledge about the format of the plates, in order for them to be applicable to wider applications. Experimental results demonstrate promising efficiency and flexibility of the proposed scheme. © 2010 IEEE.

Jones, V, Gay, V & Leijdekkers, P 1970, 'Body sensor networks for Mobile Health Monitoring Experience in Europe and Australia', FOURTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON DIGITAL SOCIETY: ICDS 2010, PROCEEDINGS, 4th International Conference on the Digital-Society, IEEE COMPUTER SOC, St Maarten, NETHERLANDS, pp. 204-209.
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Kaili Weng, Turk, B, Dolores, L, Nguyen, TN, Celler, B, Su, S & Nguyen, HT 1970, 'Fast tracking of a given heart rate profile in treadmill exercise', 2010 Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology, 2010 32nd Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC 2010), IEEE, Buenos Aires, Argentina, pp. 2569-2572.
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This paper investigates the application of a multi-loop PID controller in an automated treadmill exercise machine. The approach is to design a computer-controlled treadmill control system for the regulation of heart rate (HR) during treadmill exercise. A single-input and multiple-output (SIMO) controller was implemented to fast track a given heart rate profile in treadmill exercise. Two separate single-input and single-output (SISO) PID control systems are initially implemented to modify either the treadmill speed or its angle of inclination in order to achieve a desired HR. The purpose of this paper is to apply a SIMO control system by implementing a control algorithm which includes the two PID controllers working simultaneously to track the desired HR profile. The performance of the SIMO and SISO control systems are compared through the closed loop responses recorded during experimentation. This would also help future development of safe treadmill exercise system.

Kamyabpour, N & Hoang, DB 1970, 'A Hierarchy Energy Driven Architecture for Wireless Sensor Networks', 2010 IEEE 24th International Conference on Advanced Information Networking and Applications Workshops, 2010 IEEE 24th International Conference on Advanced Information Networking and Applications Workshops, IEEE, Perth Austtralia, pp. 668-673.
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In Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) one of the critical issues is the mazimization of their life time. These networks require a robust architecture that takes into account the energy consumption level of functional contituents and their interdependency. With such an architecture, the overall energy consumption can then be optimized with respects to the contstraints of an application. Unlike most current researches that focus on a single aspect of WSNs, this paper presents a Hierarchy Energy Driven Architecture (HEDA) as new architecture and a novel approach for minimising the total energy consumption of WSNs. The Energy Driven Architecture identifies generic and essential energy-consuming constituents of the network. HEDA as a constituent-based architecture is used to deploy WSNs according to energy dissipation through their contituents. This view of overall energy consumption in WSNs can be applied to optimizing and balancing energy consumption and increasing the network lifetime.

Kaneta, Y, Yoshizawa, S, Minato, S-I, Arimura, H & Miyanaga, Y 1970, 'Dynamic reconfigurable bit-parallel architecture for large-scale regular expression matching', 2010 International Conference on Field-Programmable Technology, 2010 International Conference on Field-Programmable Technology (FPT), IEEE.
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Kano, H, Yoshizawa, S, Gunji, T, Saito, T & Miyanaga, Y 1970, 'Development of 600 Mbps 2&#x00D7;2 MIMO-OFDM baseband and RF transceiver at 5 GHz band', 2010 10th International Symposium on Communications and Information Technologies, 2010 10th International Symposium on Communications and Information Technologies (ISCIT), IEEE.
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Keshavarz, R, Movahhedi, M & Hakimi, A 1970, 'A compact 0-dB coupled-line forward coupler by loading with shunt periodic stubs', Asia-Pacific Microwave Conference Proceedings, APMC, pp. 1248-1251.
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A wideband coupled-line forward (co-directional) coupler with tight coupling-level is presented. In this coupler we loaded two coupled microstrip lines with periodic shunt stubs that show capacitive and inductive nature in the even and odd modes, respectively. These periodic stubs, lead to increase the difference between the even and odd mode propagation constants of the coupled-line coupler, and also to decrease the structure length. Compared with the conventional forward coupler, this symmetrical structure, achieves wider operation bandwidth and smaller size with larger coupling level. The designed prototype is a 0-dB microstrip coupler over a wide bandwidth of 66% from 2GHz to 4GHz centered at 3GHz. The length of the coupled line is nearly λg/2 and length of the stubs is 2 mm, which make it more compact than other forward couplers have been proposed. To characterize this structure, the equivalent circuit model is established and verified by simulation. Moreover, we present some curves for selecting dimension of the proposed coupler for indicated coupling-level on FR-4 substrate. © 2010 IEICE Institute of Electronics Informati.

Khan, A, Zhang, J & Wang, Y 1970, 'Appearance-Based Re-identification of People in Video', 2010 International Conference on Digital Image Computing: Techniques and Applications, 2010 International Conference on Digital Image Computing: Techniques and Applications (DICTA), IEEE, pp. 357-362.
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This paper introduces the topic of appearance-based reidentification of people in video. This work is based on colour information of people's clothing. Most of the work described in the literature uses full body histogram. This paper evaluates the histogram method and describes ways of including spatial colour information. The paper proposes a colour-based appearance descriptor called Colour Context People Descriptor. All the methods are evaluated extensively. The results are reported in the experiments. It is concluded at the end that adding spatial colour information greatly improves the re-identification results. © 2010 IEEE.

Kim, J, Yoshizawa, S & Miyanaga, Y 1970, 'Dynamic wordlength calibration to reduce power dissipation in wireless OFDM systems', 2010 IEEE Asia Pacific Conference on Circuits and Systems, APCCAS 2010-2010 IEEE Asia Pacific Conference on Circuits and Systems, IEEE.
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Kong, X, Li Liu & Tich Phuoc Tran 1970, 'Modeling satellite Positioning errors in different configurations from end user's viewpoint', 2010 16th Asia-Pacific Conference on Communications (APCC), 2010 16th Asia-Pacific Conference on Communications (APCC), IEEE, Auckland, pp. 34-39.
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Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) provide positioning service to civil applications. At the end user's side, these positioning services will have different position accuracy levels when satellite signal configurations and receiver noise levels are different. In this paper, a position error modeling is presented using a black-box approach. Using this approach, end users will treat the entire signal biases and receiver noises as a black-box transfer function. No efforts are made to model many different individual error sources of satellite signals and receivers. Further, a different type of sensor is chosen to aid the error de-correlation. Experimental results in different configurations are presented.

Koppi, T, Edwards, SL, Sheard, J, Naghdy, F & Brookes, W 1970, 'The case for ICT work-integrated learning from graduates in the workplace', Conferences in Research and Practice in Information Technology Series, Australasian Computing Education Conference, Australian Computer Society, Brisbane, Australia, pp. 107-116.
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An online survey of recent ICT graduates in the workplace was carried out as part of a recent project funded by the Australian Learning and Teaching Council. The survey was concerned with the ICT curriculum in relation to workplace job requirements and university preparation for these requirements. The survey contained quantitative and qualitative components and findings from the former have been published (Koppi et al., 2009). This paper reports on a quantitative comparison of responses from graduates who had workplace experience and those who did not, and a qualitative analysis of text responses from all ICT graduates to open-ended questions concerning the curriculum and their perceived university preparation for the workplace. The overwhelming response from ICT graduates in the workplace was for more industryrelated learning. These industry relationships included industry involvement, workplace learning and business experience, up-to-date teaching and technologies, practical applications, and real-world activities. A closer relationship of academia and industry was strongly advocated by ICT graduates in the workplace. © 2010, Australian Computer Society, Inc.

Kusakunniran, W, Wu, Q, Zhang, J & Li, H 1970, 'Multi-view Gait Recognition Based on Motion Regression Using Multilayer Perceptron', 2010 20th International Conference on Pattern Recognition, 2010 20th International Conference on Pattern Recognition (ICPR), IEEE, Istanbul Turkey, pp. 2186-2189.
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It has been shown that gait is an efficient biometric feature for identifying a person at a distance. However, it is a challenging problem to obtain reliable gait feature when viewing angle changes because the body appearance can be different under the various viewing angles. In this paper, the problem above is formulated as a regression problem where a novel View Transformation Model (VTM) is constructed by adopting Multilayer Perceptron (MLP) as regression tool. It smoothly estimates gait feature under an unknown viewing angle based on motion information in a well selected Region of Interest (ROI) under other existing viewing angles. Thus, this proposal can normalize gait features under various viewing angles into a common viewing angle before gait similarity measurement is carried out. Encouraging experimental results have been obtained based on widely adopted benchmark database. © 2010 IEEE.

Kusakunniran, W, Wu, Q, Zhang, J & Li, H 1970, 'Support vector regression for multi-view gait recognition based on local motion feature selection', 2010 IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, 2010 IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR), IEEE, San Francisco CA, USA, pp. 974-981.
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Gait is a well recognized biometric feature that is used to identify a human at a distance. However, in real environment, appearance changes of individuals due to viewing angle changes cause many difficulties for gait recognition. This paper re-formulates this problem as a regression problem. A novel solution is proposed to create a View Transformation Model (VTM) from the different point of view using Support Vector Regression (SVR). To facilitate the process of regression, a new method is proposed to seek local Region of Interest (ROI) under one viewing angle for predicting the corresponding motion information under another viewing angle. Thus, the well constructed VTM is able to transfer gait information under one viewing angle into another viewing angle. This proposal can achieve view-independent gait recognition. It normalizes gait features under various viewing angles into a common viewing angle before similarity measurement is carried out. The extensive experimental results based on widely adopted benchmark dataset demonstrate that the proposed algorithm can achieve significantly better performance than the existing methods in literature. ©2010 IEEE.

Lai, JC, Leung, FH, Ling, S-H & IEEE 1970, 'A New Differential Evolution with Self-terminating Ability using Fuzzy Control and K-Nearest Neighbors', 2010 IEEE CONGRESS ON EVOLUTIONARY COMPUTATION (CEC), IEEE Congress on Evolutionary Computation, IEEE, Barcelona, Spain, pp. 503-510.
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A new Differential Evolution (DE) that incorporates fuzzy control and k-nearest neighbors algorithm to determine the terminating condition is proposed. A technique called Iteration Windows is introduced to govern the number of iteration in each searching stage. The size of the iteration windows is controlled by a fuzzy controller, which uses the information provided by the k-nearest neighbors system to analyze the population during the searching process. The controller keeps controlling the iteration windows until the end of the searching process. The wavelet based mutation process is embedded in the DE searching process to enhance the searching performance of DE. The F weight of DE is also controlled by the fuzzy controller to further speed up the searching process. A suite of benchmark test functions is employed to evaluate the performance of the proposed method. It is shown empirically that the proposed method can terminate the searching process with a reasonable number of iteration. © 2010 IEEE.

Lai, JC, Leung, FH, Ling, S-H & IEEE 1970, 'Economic Load Dispatch using Differential Evolution with Double Wavelet Mutation Operations', 2010 IEEE CONGRESS ON EVOLUTIONARY COMPUTATION (CEC), IEEE Congress on Evolutionary Computation, IEEE, Barcelona, Spain, pp. 2013-2018.
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In this paper, a modified Differential Evolution (DE) that incorporates double wavelet-based operations is proposed to handle a load flow problem. The wavelet based operation is embedded in the DE mutation and crossover operation. In the DE mutation operation, the scaling factor is controlled by a wavelet function. In the DE crossover operation, a wavelet-based mutation operation is embedded in it. The trial population vectors are thus modified by the wavelet function. The double wavelet mutations are applied in order to enhance DE in exploring the high-dimension solution space more effectively for better solution quality and stability. The proposed DE algorithm is employed to solve the Economic Load Dispatch with Valve-Point Loading (ELD-VPL) Problem. It is shown empirically that the proposed method out-performs significantly the conventional methods in terms of convergence speed, solution quality and solution stability. © 2010 IEEE.

Lakanchanh, D, Noppanakeepong, S, Yoshizawa, S & Miyanaga, Y 1970, 'Adaptive OFDM modulation techniques over fading channel for wireless communication systems with an 80 MHz bandwidth', 2010 3rd International Nanoelectronics Conference (INEC), 2010 IEEE 3rd International Nanoelectronics Conference (INEC), IEEE.
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Lee, JE-Y & Seshia, AA 1970, 'Direct parameter extraction in capacitively transduced micromechanical resonators using the anti-resonance', 2010 IEEE International Frequency Control Symposium, 2010 IEEE International Frequency Control Symposium (FCS), IEEE.
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Lehmann, T & Hamilton, TJ 1970, 'Integrated circuits towards reducing e-waste: Future design directions', The 2010 International Conference on Green Circuits and Systems, 2010 International Conference on Green Circuits and Systems (ICGCS), IEEE, pp. 469-472.
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Electronic devices and systems are not usually environmentally friendly. Large amounts of energy and hazardous substances are required for their production, and discarded products end up in landfills; trends that are exacerbated by fast moving advances in consumer electronics. In this paper, we argue that the most promising way to reduce the environmental load of consumer electronics is to move towards reusable electronic components; components that are reliable, self-testing, and, most importantly, flexible in a manner that allow electronic systems to be build for a wide range of applications using only a few highly reconfigurable integrated circuits. © 2010 IEEE.

Li, L & IEEE 1970, 'Coprime Factor Model Reduction for Discrete-time Uncertain Systems', 49TH IEEE CONFERENCE ON DECISION AND CONTROL (CDC), IEEE Conference on Decision and Control, IEEE, Atlanta, Georgia, pp. 6213-6218.
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This paper presents a contractive coprime factor model reduction approach for discrete-time uncertain systems of LFT form with norm bounded structured uncertainty. A systematic approach is proposed for coprime factorization and contractive coprime factorization of the underlying uncertain systems. The proposed coprime factor approach overcomes the robust stability restriction on the underlying systems which is required in the balanced truncation approach. The method is based on the use of LMIs to construct the desired reduced dimension uncertain system model. ©2010 IEEE.

Li, Y 1970, 'Theoretical foundation for engineering design of functional textiles', PROCEEDINGS OF 2009 INTERNATIONAL TEXTILE SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY FORUM, International Textile Science and Technology Forum, CHINA TEXTILE & APPAREL PRESS, Xian, PEOPLES R CHINA, pp. 1-9.

Li, Y, Zhu, J, Yang, Q, Lin, ZW, Wang, Y & Xu, W 1970, 'Magnetic properties measurement of soft magnetic composite materials over wide range of excitation frequency', 2010 IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition, 2010 IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition (ECCE), IEEE, Atlanta, Georgia, pp. 2259-2265.
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Accurate measurements of magnetic properties of soft magnetic composite (SMC) material are performed on an improved 3D tester by means of novel precision B-H sensing coils attached to the surface of the specimen. By controlling the adjustable excitation

Li, Y, Zhu, J, Yang, Q, Sun, J, Wang, Y & Xu, W 1970, 'Analysis of the 3-D magnetic reluctivity tensor based on magnetic properties measurement of SMC materials', 2010 International Conference on Electrical Machines and Systems, ICEMS2010, pp. 1767-1772.
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In order to comprehensively understand magnetic field distribution in soft magnetic composite (SMC) materials which apply to three-dimensional (3-D) flux electrical machine design, 3-D reluctivity tensor should be taken into account. A 3-D magnetic properties testing system fitting for cubic SMC sample has been constructed and calibrated by means of finite element method (FEM). According to the experimental data from 3-D magnetic property tester, this paper presents the modeling of 3-D magnetic reluctivity tensor, which can be written to a 3x3 full rank matrix. Laboratory results and FEM analysis are presented to testify the rationality of design and optimize the performance of electromagnetic devices.

Li, Z, Zhang, J, Wu, Q & Geers, G 1970, 'Feature Enhancement Using Gradient Salience on Thermal Image', 2010 International Conference on Digital Image Computing: Techniques and Applications, 2010 International Conference on Digital Image Computing: Techniques and Applications (DICTA), IEEE, Sydney, Australia, pp. 556-562.
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Feature enhancement in an image is to reinforce some exacted features so that it can be used for object classification and detection. As the thermal image is lack of texture and colorful information, the techniques for visual image feature enhancement is insufficient to apply to thermal images. In this paper, we propose a new gradient-based approach for feature enhancement in thermal image. We use the statistical properties of gradient of foreground object profiles, and formulate object features with gradient saliency. Empirical evaluation of the proposed approach shows significant performance improved on human contours which can be used for detection and classification. © 2010 IEEE.

Ling, S, Nuryani & Nguyen, HT 1970, 'Hypoglycaemia detection for type 1 diabetic patients based on ECG parameters using Fuzzy Support Vector Machine.', IJCNN, International Joint Conference on Neural Networks, IEEE, Spain, pp. 1-7.
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Nocturnal hypoglycaemia in type 1 diabetic patients can be dangerous in which symptoms may not be apparent while blood glucose level decreases to very low level, and for this reason, an effective detection system for hypoglycaemia is crucial. This research work proposes a detection system for the hypoglycaemia based on the classification of electrocardiographic (ECG) parameters. The classification uses a Fuzzy Support Vector Machine (FSVM) with inputs of heart rate, corrected QT (QTc) interval and corrected TpTe (TpTe c) interval. Three types of kernel functions (radial basis function (RBF), exponential radial basis function (ERBF) and polynomial function) are investigated in the classification. Moreover, parameters of the kernel functions are tuned to find the optimum of the classification. The results show that the FSVM classification using RBF kernel function demonstrates better performance than using SVM. However, both classifiers result approximately same performance if ERBF and polynomial kernel functions are used. © 2010 IEEE.

Ling, SH, Nguyen, H, Chan, KY & IEEE 1970, 'Genetic Algorithm based Fuzzy Multiple Regression for the Nocturnal Hypoglycaemia Detection', 2010 IEEE CONGRESS ON EVOLUTIONARY COMPUTATION (CEC), IEEE Congress on Evolutionary Computation, IEEE, Barcelona, Spain, pp. 2659-2664.
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Low blood glucose (Hypoglycaemia) is dangerous and can result in unconsciousness, seizures and even death. It has a common and serious side effect of insulin therapy in patients with diabetes. We measure physiological parameters (heart rate, corrected QT interval of the electrocardiogram (ECG) signal, change of heart rate, and the change of corrected QT interval) continuously to provide detection of hypoglycaemic. Based on these physiological parameters, we have developed a genetic algorithm based multiple regression model to determine the presence of hypoglycaemic episodes. Genetic algorithm is used to determine the optimal parameters of the multiple regression. The overall data were organized into a training set (8 patients) and a testing set (another 8 patient) which are randomly selected. The clinical results show that the proposed algorithm can achieve predictions with good sensitivities and acceptable specificities. © 2010 IEEE.

Ling, SH, Nuryani & Nguyen, HT 1970, 'Evolved fuzzy reasoning model for hypoglycaemic detection', 2010 Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, EMBC'10, pp. 4662-4665.
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Hypoglycaemia is a serious side effect of insulin therapy in patients with diabetes. We measure physiological parameters (heart rate, corrected QT interval of the electrocardiogram (ECG) signal) continuously to provide early detection of hypoglycemic episodes in Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) patients. Based on the physiological parameters, an evolved fuzzy reasoning model (FRM) to recognize the presence of hypoglycaemic episodes is developed. To optimize the fuzzy rules and the fuzzy membership functions of FRM, an evolutionary algorithm called hybrid particle swarm optimization with wavelet mutation operation is investigated. All data sets are collected from Department of Health, Government of Western Australia for a clinical study. The results show that the proposed algorithm performs well in terms of the clinical sensitivity and specificity. © 2010 IEEE.

Ling, SH, Nuryani, Nguyen, HT & IEEE 1970, 'Evolved Fuzzy Reasoning Model for Hypoglycaemic Detection', 2010 ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF THE IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY (EMBC), IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society Annual Conference, Piscataway, USA, Buenos Aires, Argentina, pp. 4662-4665.
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Hypoglycaemia is a serious side effect of insulin therapy in patients with diabetes. We measure physiological parameters (heart rate, corrected QT interval of the electrocardiogram (ECG) signal) continuously to provide early detection of hypoglycemic episodes in Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) patients. Based on the physiological parameters, an evolved fuzzy reasoning model (FRM) to recognize the presence of hypoglycaemic episodes is developed. To optimize the fuzzy rules and the fuzzy membership functions of FRM, an evolutionary algorithm called hybrid particle swarm optimization with wavelet mutation operation is investigated. All data sets are collected from Department of Health, Government of Western Australia for a clinical study. The results show that the proposed algorithm performs well in terms of the clinical sensitivity and specificity.

Liu, H, Xu, M, Huang, Q, Jin, JS, Jiang, S & Xu, C 1970, 'A close-up detection method for movies', 2010 IEEE International Conference on Image Processing, 2010 17th IEEE International Conference on Image Processing (ICIP 2010), IEEE, Hongkong, pp. 1505-1508.
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Close-up (CU) is a photographic technique which tightly frames a person or an object. In movies, it is applied to guide audience attention and to evoke audience emotion. In this paper, we detect face CU, object CU, and lean of movies, which are widely used to romance emotions. A lean consists of shots in a sequence, with a close-up shot as focus. A set of features are extracted by considering movie making techniques and human attention for CU detection. The features are average saliency, color entropy, color variance, face height, skin area, and texture scales. These features are tested through statistical hypothesis test to be significantly discriminating for CUs. Then, Support Vector Machine (SVM) is applied on these features to detect face CU and object CU. Based on the face CU and object CU detection result, lean is further detected by investigating the changing of the face/object size. Lean detection is of challenge due to the technique of montage. We solve this problem through color similarity estimation and SIFT point matching. Experimental results on four full length movies verify the effectiveness of the proposed method. © 2010 IEEE.

Liu, X, Siriteanu, C, Yoshizawa, S & Miyanaga, Y 1970, 'Effect of correlation between azimuth spread and Rician K-factor on MIMO performance', 2010 10th International Symposium on Communications and Information Technologies, 2010 10th International Symposium on Communications and Information Technologies (ISCIT), IEEE.
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Mahmud, MA, Hossain, MJ & Pota, HR 1970, 'Effect of large dynamic loads on interconnected power systems with power oscillation damping controller (PODC)', AUPEC 2010 - 20th Australasian Universities Power Engineering Conference: 'Power Quality for the 21st Century', 20th Australasian Universities Power Engineering Conference (AUPEC) - Power Quality for the 21st Century, IEEE, Univ Canterbury, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Coll Engn, Christchurch, NEW ZEALAND.
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Power systems are composed of dynamic loads. In this paper, the induction motors which are widely used in consumption units are considered as dynamic loads. This paper presents an analysis to investigate the effects of large dynamic loads on interconnected power systems with power oscillation damping controller (PODC). The PODC is designed based on the conventional method of linearization. An overview to design robust damping controller [19] is also presented and its effectiveness is analyzed and compared with power system stabilizer(PSS) for a single machine infinite bus (SMIB) system with increasing dynamic loads.

Mahmud, MA, Hossain, MJ & Pota, HR 1970, 'Investigation of critical parameters for power systems stability with dynamic loads', IEEE PES General Meeting, Energy Society General Meeting, IEEE, Lisbon, PORTUGAL, pp. 1-6.
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Mahmud, MA, Hossain, MJ & Pota, HR 1970, 'Investigation of Critical Parameters for Power Systems Stability with Dynamic Loads', IEEE POWER AND ENERGY SOCIETY GENERAL MEETING 2010, IEEE-Power-and-Energy-Society General Meeting, IEEE, MN, Minneapolis.

Mahmud, MA, Hossain, MJ & Pota, HR 1970, 'Nonlinear excitation control of power systems with dynamic loads via feedback linearization', AUPEC 2010 - 20th Australasian Universities Power Engineering Conference: 'Power Quality for the 21st Century', 20th Australasian Universities Power Engineering Conference (AUPEC) - Power Quality for the 21st Century, IEEE, Univ Canterbury, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Coll Engn, Christchurch, NEW ZEALAND.
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This paper presents a nonlinear control design method for interconnected power systems with induction motors as dynamic loads. To design the controller, a feedback linearization technique is used. The control law is applied through the excitation system of the synchronous generator. The designed controller can provide a stable operation of the systems over a wide range of operating region. In this paper, the designed controller is tested on a single machine infinite bus (SMIB) system with dynamic loads. Simulation results show that the control scheme can improve the stability of the system, regardless of operating points.

Moghaddam, Z & Piccardi, M 1970, 'Histogram-Based Training Initialisation of Hidden Markov Models for Human Action Recognition', 2010 7th IEEE International Conference on Advanced Video and Signal Based Surveillance, 2010 7th IEEE International Conference on Advanced Video and Signal Based Surveillance (AVSS), IEEE, Boston, Massachusetts, USA, pp. 256-261.
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Human action recognition is often addressed by use of latent-state models such as the hidden Markov model and similar graphical models. As such models require Expectation-Maximisation training, arbitrary choices must be made for training initialisation, with major impact on the final recognition accuracy. In this paper, we propose a histogram-based deterministic initialisation and compare it with both random and a time-based deterministic initialisations. Experiments on a human action dataset show that the accuracy of the proposed method proved higher than that of the other tested methods.

Moghaddam, Z & Piccardi, M 1970, 'Human action recognition with MPEG-7 descriptors and architectures', Proceedings of the first ACM international workshop on Analysis and retrieval of tracked events and motion in imagery streams, MM '10: ACM Multimedia Conference, ACM, Florence, Italy, pp. 63-68.
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Modern video surveillance requires addressing high-level concepts such as humans' actions and activities. In addition, surveillance applications need to be portable over a variety of platforms, from servers to mobile devices. In this paper, we explore the potential of the MPEG-7 standard to provide interfaces, descriptors, and architectures for human action recognition from surveillance cameras. Two novel MPEG-7 descriptors, symbolic and feature-based, are presented alongside two different architectures, server-intensive and client-intensive. The descriptors and architectures are evaluated in the paper by way of a scenario analysis.

Mu, Y, Xu, M & Yan, S 1970, 'Learning From Very-Few Labeled Examples with Soft Labels', 2010 IEEE International Conference on Image Processing ICIP 2010 - Proceedings, IEEE International Conference on Image Processing, IEEE Computer Society, Hongkong, pp. 3869-3872.
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In this paper we propose Softboost, a novel Boosting al-gorithm which combines the merits of transductive and inductive learning approaches to attack the problem of learning from very few labeled training examples. In the transductive stage, soft labels of both the labeled and unlabeled samples are estimated based on a Markovian propagating procedure. While in the subsequent inductive stage, to efficiently handle out-of-sample data, we learn a weighted combination of simple rules in Boosting style, each of which maximizes confidence-weighted inter-class Kullback-Leibler (KL) divergence under current data distribution. Finally, experiments on toy dataset and USPS handwritten digits are presented to demonstrate its effectiveness.

Mudugamuwa, DJ, Jia, W & He, X 1970, 'Asymmetric, Non-unimodal Kernel Regression for Image Processing', 2010 International Conference on Digital Image Computing: Techniques and Applications, 2010 International Conference on Digital Image Computing: Techniques and Applications (DICTA), IEEE, Sydney, Australia, pp. 141-145.
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Kernel regression has been previously proposed as a robust estimator for a wide range of image processing tasks, including image denoising, interpolation and super-resolution. In this article we propose a kernel formulation that relaxes the usual symmetric and unimodal properties to effectively exploit the smoothness characteristics of natural images. The proposed method extends the kernel support along similar image characteristics to further increase the robustness of the estimates. Application of the proposed method to image denoising yields significant improvement over the previously reported regression methods and produces results comparable to the state-of-the-art denoising techniques. © 2010 IEEE.

Neville, K, Burton, P & Burnett, I 1970, 'A Second Life virtual studio as an online teaching environment', ASEE Annual Conference and Exposition, Conference Proceedings.
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In this paper the development of a virtual learning environment in Second Life is detailed. The learning environment described is in the form of a virtual television studio for use in multimedia engineering courses, with an example implementation described for RMIT University's offshore campus. This paper details the problems associated with offshore learning and lists the requirements needed for creating an effective virtual learning environment for these offshore students. This paper also discusses the steps taken to create this virtual environment in the virtual world Second Life and the problems that have been faced due to hardware and software limitations in this particular virtual world. Finally, the steps to be taken to evaluate the effectiveness of this type of learning environment will be outlined. © American Society for Engineering Education, 2010.

Nguyen, HH, Pham, TT & Tuan, HD 1970, 'Non-Orthogonal Amplify-And-Forward Relaying with Partial Channel State Information', 2010 IEEE Wireless Communication and Networking Conference, Networking Conference (WCNC), IEEE, Sydney, AUSTRALIA.
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Nguyen, JS, Su, SW, Nguyen, HT & IEEE 1970, 'Spherical Vision Cameras in a Semi-autonomous Wheelchair System', 2010 ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF THE IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY (EMBC), IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society Annual Conference, The Printing House, Inc., Buenos Aires, Argentina, pp. 4064-4067.
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This paper is concerned with the methods developed for extending the capabilities of a spherical vision camera system to allow detection of surrounding objects and whether or not they pose a danger for movement in that direction during autonomous navigation of a power wheelchair. A Point Grey Research (PGR) Ladybug2 spherical vision camera system was attached to the power wheelchair for surrounding vision. The objective is to use this Ladybug2 system to provide information about obstacles all around the wheelchair and aid the automated decision-making process involved during navigation. Through instantaneous neural network classification of individual camera images to determine whether obstacles are present, detection of obstacles have been successfully achieved with accuracies reaching 96%. This assistive technology has the purpose of automated obstacle detection, navigational path planning and decision-making, and collision avoidance during navigation.

Ni, W, Chen, Z, Suzuki, H & Collings, IB 1970, 'Performance Analysis of Scheduling in Decode-and-Forward Broadcast Channel with Limited-Feedback', 2010 IEEE Global Telecommunications Conference GLOBECOM 2010, GLOBECOM 2010 - 2010 IEEE Global Communications Conference, IEEE, Miami, FL.
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Nikodem, J, Klempous, R, Nikodem, M, Woda, M & Chaczko, Z 1970, 'Wireless sensors network simulator for modeling relation based communication activity', 2010 Fifth International Conference on Broadband and Biomedical Communications, 2010 Fifth International Conference on Broadband and Biomedical Communications (IB2Com), IEEE, Malaga, Spain, pp. 1-6.
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The paper presents a simulator that models routing paths and energy distribution in a WSN as a function of the algorithm executed by each node of the network. Simulator was prepared to investigate whether globally defined goals can be achieved through the decisions and actions taken locally by each node that has restricted information about the whole network. Therefore, simulator models each node independently defining three basic relations for each of them - subordination, tolerance and restriction. We have implemented several novel, non-clustered routing protocols that describe behavior of each node of the network - so that we are able to verify how decisions taken locally affect the whole network.

Nikolic, N, Weily, AR, James, GL, Greene, K, Barker, S & Guo, YJ 1970, 'Reduction of the grating lobes in Luneburg lens arrays', 2010 IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium, 2010 IEEE International Symposium Antennas and Propagation and CNC-USNC/URSI Radio Science Meeting, IEEE.
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Mobile satellite communication systems suitable for installation on moving vehicles are increasingly in demand [1]-[3] . One of the main requirements for such systems is low-profile in order to prevent intolerable drag and air-stream turbulence. A low profile Ku-band antenna system based on a four-element Luneburg lens array (LLA) was presented in [3] where the reduction in height is achieved by using a ground plane and by increasing the number of elements at the expense of increased diameter of the array. However, using an array of elements has an inherent problem of grating lobes [4] . This problem is particularly difficult in an array of lenses since the minimum array spacing is limited by the lens size and generally it is of the order of several wavelengths. High grating lobes in the radiation pattern limit the usefulness of the lens array and their reduction is critical. So far, the results for the expected grating lobes in an array of Luneburg lenses have not been reported in the literature. Our aim is to study the grating lobes in a LLA as a function of the number of lenses in the array and also as a function of the spacing between the lenses. We present simulated results for the radiation patterns of two arrays using three and four Luneburg lenses, respectively, and show how removing part of the outer shells of the Luneburg lens and decreasing the element spacing can reduce the grating lobe level. © 2010 IEEE.

Ningning Guo, Shuhong Wang, Jie Qiu, Jian Guo Zhu & Youguang Guo 1970, 'Optimization with sequential GA and dynamic force analysis of capacitor-driven inductive coilgun', Digests of the 2010 14th Biennial IEEE Conference on Electromagnetic Field Computation, 2010 14th Biennial IEEE Conference on Electromagnetic Field Computation (CEFC 2010), IEEE.
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This paper presents an improved method based on Current Hoop Model for the analysis and design of capacitor-driven induction coilgun. For the optimal design, the sequential Genetic Algorithm (GA) method and traditional GA are used. The resultant specifications and characteristics of a six-stage coilgun are obtained by these methods. The comparisons of two optimization methods on the results, characteristics and elapse time are presented. However, the force acting upon the coils and projectile may cause distortion or even destruction. The force distributions of exciting coils and projectile are given to validate the feasibility of the optimized results. © 2010 IEEE.

Nuryani, Ling, S & Nguyen, HT 1970, 'Electrocardiographic T-wave peak-to-end interval for hypoglycaemia detection', 2010 Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, EMBC'10, pp. 618-621.
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Electrocardiographic T wave peak-to-end interval (TpTe) is one parameter of T wave morphology, which contains indicators for hypoglycaemia. This paper shows the corrected TpTe (TpTec) interval as one of the inputs contributing to detect hypoglycaemia. Support vector machine (SVM) and fuzzy support vector machine (FSVM) utilizing radial basis function (RBF) are used as the classification methods in this paper. By comparing with the classification systems using inputs of corrected QT interval (QTc) and heart rate only, the results indicate that the inclusion of TpTec in combination with QTc and heart rate performs better in the detection of hypoglycaemia in terms of sensitivity, specificity and accuracy. © 2010 IEEE.

Nuryani, Ling, S, Nguyen, HT & IEEE 1970, 'Electrocardiographic T-wave Peak-to-end Interval for Hypoglycaemia Detection', 2010 ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF THE IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY (EMBC), IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society Annual Conference, The Printing House, Inc., Buenos Aires, Argentina, pp. 618-621.
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Electrocardiographic T wave peak-to-end interval (TpTe) is one parameter of T wave morphology, which contains indicators for hypoglycaemia. This paper shows the corrected TpTe (TpTe(c)) interval as one of the inputs contributing to detect hypoglycaemia. Support vector machine (SVM) and fuzzy support vector machine (FSVM) utilizing radial basis function (RBF) are used as the classification methods in this paper. By comparing with the classification systems using inputs of corrected QT interval (QT(c)) and heart rate only, the results indicate that the inclusion of TpTec in combination with QTc and heart rate performs better in the detection of hypoglycaemia in terms of sensitivity, specificity and accuracy.

Odeh, N, Abolhasan, M, Safaei, F & IEEE 1970, 'Low Complexity Interference Aware Distributed Resource Allocation for Multi-cell OFDMA Cooperative Relay Networks', 2010 IEEE WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONS AND NETWORKING CONFERENCE (WCNC 2010), Wireless Communications and Networking Conference, IEEEXplore, Sydney, Australia, pp. 1-6.
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In this paper we focus on the subcarrier allocation for the uplink OFDMA based cooperative relay networks. Multiple cells were considered, each composed of a single base station (destination), multiple amplify and forward (AF) relay stations and multiple subscriber stations (sources). The effects of inter-cell interference (ICI) have been considered to optimize the subcarrier allocation with low complexity. The optimization problem aims to maximize the sum rate of all sources and at the same time maintain the fairness among them. Full channel state information (CSI) is assumed to be available at the base station. In the proposed algorithm the subcarrier allocation is performed in three steps; firstly the subcarriers are allocated to the Relay Stations (RSs) by which the received ICI on each RS is minimized. Then, the pre-allocated subcarriers are allocated to subscribers to achieve their individual rate requirements. Finally the remaining subcarriers are allocated to subscribers with the best channel condition to maximize the total sum of their data rates. The results show that the proposed algorithm significantly reduces the complexity with almost the same achievable rate of the optimal allocation in a single cell case. In case of multi-cell, the proposed algorithm outperforms the conventional algorithm in terms of total network achievable data rate and overall network complexity. ©2010 IEEE.

Otoom, AF, Concha, OP & Piccardi, M 1970, 'Mixtures of Gaussian distributions under linear dimensionality reduction', VISAPP 2010 - Proceedings of the International Conference on Computer Vision Theory and Applications, VISAPP, Institute for Systems and Technologies of Information, Control and Communication, Angers, France, pp. 511-518.
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High dimensional spaces pose a serious challenge to the learning process. It is a combination of limited number of samples and high dimensions that positions many problems under the 'curse of dimensionality', which restricts severely the practical application of density estimation. Many techniques have been proposed in the past to discover embedded, locally-linear manifolds of lower dimensionality, including the mixture of Principal Component Analyzers, the mixture of Probabilistic Principal Component Analyzers and the mixture of Factor Analyzers. In this paper, we present a mixture model for reducing dimensionality based on a linear transformation which is not restricted to be orthogonal. Two methods are proposed for the learning of all the transformations and mixture parameters: the first method is based on an iterative maximum-likelihood approach and the second is based on random transformations and fixed (non iterative) probability functions. For experimental validation, we have used the proposed model for maximum-likelihood classification of five 'hard' data sets including data sets from the UCI repository and the authors' own. Moreover, we compared the classification performance of the proposed method with that of other popular classifiers including the mixture of Probabilistic Principal Component Analyzers and the Gaussian mixture model. In all cases but one, the accuracy achieved by the proposed method proved the highest, with increases with respect to the runner-up ranging from 0.2% to 5.2%.

Paisitkriangkrai, S, Mei, T, Zhang, J & Hua, X-S 1970, 'Scalable clip-based near-duplicate video detection with ordinal measure', Proceedings of the ACM International Conference on Image and Video Retrieval, CIVR' 10: International Conference on Image and Video Retrieval, ACM, Xi'an, pp. 121-128.
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Detection of duplicate or near-duplicate videos on large-scale database plays an important role in video search. In this paper, we analyze the problem of near-duplicates detection and propose a practical and effective solution for real-time large-scale v

Paisitkriangkrai, S, Shen, C & Zhang, J 1970, 'Face Detection with Effective Feature Extraction', Computer Vision ACCV 2010, Asian Conference on Computer Vision, SpringerLink, Queenstown, New Zealand, pp. 460-470.
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There is an abundant literature on face detection due to its important rolein many vision applications. Since Viola and Jones proposed the first real-timeAdaBoost based face detector, Haar-like features have been adopted as themethod of choice for frontal face detection. In this work, we show that simplefeatures other than Haar-like features can also be applied for training aneffective face detector. Since, single feature is not discriminative enough toseparate faces from difficult non-faces, we further improve the generalizationperformance of our simple features by introducing feature co-occurrences. Wedemonstrate that our proposed features yield a performance improvement comparedto Haar-like features. In addition, our findings indicate that features play acrucial role in the ability of the system to generalize.

Park, M, Jin, JS, Peng, Y, Summons, P, Yu, D, Cui, Y, Luo, S, Wang, F, Santos, L & Xu, M 1970, 'Automatic cell segmentation in microscopic color images using ellipse fitting and watershed', IEEE/ICME International Conference on Complex Medical Engineering, 2010 IEEE/ICME International Conference on Complex Medical Engineering - CME 2010, IEEE, Gold Coast, pp. 69-74.
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This paper presents an efficient and innovative method for the automated counting of cells in a microscopic image. The performance of watershed-based algorithms for the segmentation of clustered cells has been well demonstrated. The strength of our algorithm lies in the fact that it incorporates knowledge of color in the image. Our method uses the watershed transform with iterative shape alignment and is shown to be more accurate in retaining cell shape. We report a sensitivity of 97% and specificity of 96% when all color bands are used. Our methods could be of value to computer-based systems designed to objectively interpret microscopic images, since they provide a means for accurate cell segmentation. © 2010 IEEE.

Peng, Y, Jin, JS, Luo, S & Xu, M 1970, 'Learning priors for super-resolution in video sequence', Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Internet Multimedia Computing and Service, ICIMCS '10: The Second International Conference on Internet Multimedia Computing and Service, ACM, Harbin, China, pp. 163-166.
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Video becomes a crucial information resource in last decades, because of the rapid development of camera as well as the internet explosion. High-quality video sequences are always desired in lots of fields. Since the bottleneck of data storage and interferences of shooting condition, we cannot always obtain high-resolution video. This botheration can be circumvented by super-resolution. Currently, almost super-resolution techniques are in the framework of Maximum a Posterior (MAP). Appropriate parameters of prior distribution are crucial for recovering accurate super-resolution image. We utilise a novel Weighted Cross Validation (WCG) method to learn theses prior parameters. Comparison experiments are provided to illustrate the effectiveness of our approach. Copyright 2010 ACM.

Phan, AH, Tuan, HD & Kha, HH 1970, 'New Optimized Solution Method for Beamforming in Cognitive Multicast Transmission', 2010 IEEE 72nd Vehicular Technology Conference - Fall, 2010 IEEE Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC 2010-Fall), IEEE, Ottawa, Canada, pp. 1-5.
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The optimal beamforming for cognitive multicast transmission is a nonconvex rank-one constrained optimization problem. For a solution, a popular method is the combination of relaxed convex semi-definite programming, where the rank-one constraint is dropp

Phan, AH, Tuan, HD, Kha, HH & Ngo, DT 1970, 'A reverse convex programming for beamforming in cognitive multicast transmission', International Conference on Communications and Electronics 2010, 2010 Third International Conference on Communications and Electronics (ICCE 2010), IEEE, Hanoi Univ Sci & Technol, Nha Trang, VIETNAM, pp. 211-215.
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Phan, AH, Tuan, HD, Kha, HH & Ngo, DT 1970, 'Nonsmooth Optimization for Beamforming in Cognitive Multicast Transmission', 2010 IEEE Global Telecommunications Conference GLOBECOM 2010, GLOBECOM 2010 - 2010 IEEE Global Communications Conference, IEEE, Miami, USA, pp. 1-5.
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It is well-known that the optimal beamforming problems for cognitive multicast transmission are indefinite quadratic (nonconvex) optimization programs. The conventional approach is to reformulate them as convex semi-definite programs (SDPs) with addition

Phan, AH, Tuan, HD, Kha, HH & Nguyen, H 1970, 'Nonsmooth optimization-based beamforming in multiuser wireless relay networks', 2010 4th International Conference on Signal Processing and Communication Systems, 2010 4th International Conference on Signal Processing and Communication Systems (ICSPCS 2010), IEEE, Gold Coast, AUSTRALIA.
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Phetsomphou, D, Yoshizawa, S & Miyanaga, Y 1970, 'A partial transmit sequence technique for PAPR reduction in MIMO-OFDM systems', 2010 10th International Symposium on Communications and Information Technologies, 2010 10th International Symposium on Communications and Information Technologies (ISCIT), IEEE.
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Pradabpet, C, Yoshizawa, S & Miyanaga, Y 1970, 'Phase rotation optimization in hybrid of PTS-CAPPR method by GA for PAPR reduction in OFDM systems', The 2010 International Conference on Green Circuits and Systems, 2010 International Conference on Green Circuits and Systems (ICGCS), IEEE.
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Qin, PY, Weily, AR, Guo, YJ & Liang, CH 1970, 'Millimeter wave frequency reconfigurable quasi-Yagi antenna', Asia-Pacific Microwave Conference Proceedings, APMC, IEEE, pp. 642-645.
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A millimeter wave frequency reconfigurable quasi-Yagi antenna with a folded dipole driven element is presented. Two PIN diodes are inserted between the upper and lower strip of the folded dipole driver. By switching between different states of PIN diodes, the driven element of the antenna can be changed from a folded dipole with one parasitic director to a dipole with two parasitic directors. Due to the reconfigurable impedance characteristics of driven element, the proposed antenna can operate in either the typical millimeter wave WPAN band (5766GHz) or E-band (7176GHz). Similar end-fire radiation patterns are achieved across the entire tunable frequency range. Preliminary theoretical results on tuning range and radiation patterns for the reconfigurable antenna are described. © 2010 IEICE Institute of Electronics Informati.

Qin, PY, Weily, AR, Guo, YJ, Liang, CH, Cai, Y & IEEE 1970, 'A Pattern Reconfigurable U-slot Patch Antenna', 2010 IEEE ANTENNAS AND PROPAGATION SOCIETY INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM, IEEE, pp. 1-4.

Qudah, I, Leijdekkers, P & Gay, V 1970, 'Using mobile phones to improve medication compliance and awareness for cardiac patients.', PETRA, ACM International Conference on PErvasive Technologies Related to Assistive Environment, ACM, Samos, Greece, pp. 1-7.
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Improving cardiac patients' medication compliance is a major factor in reducing mortality rate and reducing hospitalization rate. This paper describes a novel medication compliance management system. Its novelty lies in the combination of functionalities that helps the patient to comply with their medication regimen, together with a personal health monitoring system that monitors their health and collects vital signs data using a mobile phone and wireless bio sensors. The system is designed to collect and analyse medication compliance, side effects and symptom responses and transfers the collected data in real time to a web based system for remote monitoring by caregivers and health professionals. Health professionals can use the system to assess the effect of the medication regimen on their patients' health and adapt it to reduce side effects and maximise the patient's wellbeing. Copyright © 2010 ACM.

Quevedo, DE, Aguilera, RP, Perez, MA & Cortes, P 1970, 'Finite control set MPC of an AFE rectifier with dynamic references', 2010 IEEE International Conference on Industrial Technology, 2010 IEEE International Conference on Industrial Technology (ICIT 2010), IEEE, pp. 1265-1270.
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We present a model predictive controller for closed loop control of an active front-end rectifier. Our method operates in discrete-time and does not require additional modulators or external control loops. The key novelty of the control algorithm presented lies in the way dynamic references are handled. Simulation studies illustrate that fast and accurate tracking of dynamic dc-voltage and reactive power references can be achieved, while respecting restrictions on maximum power levels of the rectifier. ©2010 IEEE.

Rahman, BMA, Kejalakshmy, N, Agrawal, A, Uthman, M & Grattan, KTV 1970, 'Single mode and single polarization operation in photonic crystal fibers', SPIE Proceedings, SPIE Photonics Europe, SPIE.
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Rahman, BMA, Leung, DMH, Namassivayane, K, Agrawal, A, Ashraf, M, Tanvir, H & Grattan, KTV 1970, 'Rigorous characterization of silicon nanowire for compact nanophotonic devices', SPIE Proceedings, SPIE Photonics Europe, SPIE.
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Rahman, SA, Nong Zhang & Jianguo Zhu 1970, 'A comparison on fuel economy and emissions for conventional hybrid electric vehicles and the UTS plug-in hybrid electric vehicle', 2010 The 2nd International Conference on Computer and Automation Engineering (ICCAE), 2nd International Conference on Computer and Automation Engineering (ICCAE 2010), IEEE, Singapore, pp. 20-25.
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This paper covers a comparative study on fuel economy and emissions of a conventional hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) and the UTS plug-in HEV (PHEV). The interaction between the components such as energy storage system, electric machine, power control unit

Rashid, U, Tuan, HD, Kha, HH & Nguyen, HH 1970, 'Optimized power allocation by semidefinite programming and unscented transformation for nonlinear sensor network', 2010 4th International Conference on Signal Processing and Communication Systems, 2010 4th International Conference on Signal Processing and Communication Systems (ICSPCS 2010), IEEE, Gold Coast, AUSTRALIA.
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Resconi, G & Chaczko, Z 1970, 'Fuzzy network of reasoning by SVD and Morphotronic network', International Conference on Fuzzy Systems, 2010 IEEE International Conference on Fuzzy Systems (FUZZ-IEEE), IEEE, Barcelona International Convention Centre, Barcelona, Spain, pp. 1709-1716.
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In the classical logic the inferential process is based on the modus ponens rule for which when the rule that connects the premise with the consequence is true and the premise is true, we know that the consequence is also true. Now, in the fuzzy inferential process the premise and the consequence are not logic propositions that assume the logic values true or false but are fuzzy sets that can assume values between zero and one. The classical logic rule is replaced with the fuzzy rule R. In this paper, we demonstrate that the fuzzy reasoning network is isomorphic to the Morphotronic network that includes the SVD technique. We also show that Morphotronic network is capable to simulate complex fuzzy reasoning or fuzzy inference in a completely new way.

Roberts, D, Roberts, M, Liu, X, Roberts, J, Lipman, J & Bellomo, R 1970, 'CLEARANCE OF ANTIBIOTICS BY HIGH AND LOW INTENSITY CONTINUOUS RENAL REPLACEMENT THERAPY IN CRITICALLY ILL PATIENTS', NEPHROLOGY, WILEY-BLACKWELL, pp. 87-87.

Rosberg, Z, Cantoni, A & Liu, RP 1970, 'Resource allocation for QoS multiuser MIMO with zero forcing and MMSE beamforming', 2010 IEEE 18th International Workshop on Quality of Service (IWQoS), 2010 IEEE 18th International Workshop on Quality of Service (IWQoS), IEEE.
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To enable ubiquitous end-to-end quality of service over IP networks expanding to rural areas, we examine resource allocation problems of a MAC layer for an OFDM MIMO wireless base station (BS) using multiuser beamforming. We compare two linear beamforming techniques, zero-forcing (ZF-BF) and minimum mean square error (MMSE-BF). To guarantee minimum bandwidth and low packet delay in an environment where the number of users is much larger than the number of BS antennas, one needs to partition the users into several sets and combine space division multiple access (SDMA) with time division multiple access (TDMA). We study the impact on the optimal transmission power resulting from selecting the following design parameters: (i) ZF-BF vs. MMSE-BF; (ii) the number of user sets multiplexed by TDMA; and (iii) the number of BS antennas. Two notable results are observed: (1) power wise, ZF-BF is far more superior to MMSE-ZF; (2) substantial power can be saved by increasing the number of BS antennas; however, only by large increments, e.g., from 6 to 9 and further to 21.

Saesue, W, Chou, CT & Zhang, J 1970, 'CROSS-layer QoS-optimized EDCA adaptation for wireless video streaming', 2010 IEEE International Conference on Image Processing, 2010 17th IEEE International Conference on Image Processing (ICIP 2010), IEEE, Hong Kong, pp. 2925-2928.
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In this paper, we propose an adaptive cross layer technique that optimally enhance the QoS of wireless video transmission in an IEEE 802.11e WLAN. The optimization takes into account the unequal error protection characteristics of video streaming, the IE

Saesue, W, Chou, CT & Zhang, J 1970, 'Video quality prediction in the presence of MAC contention and wireless channel error', 2010 IEEE International Symposium on 'A World of Wireless, Mobile and Multimedia Networks' (WoWMoM), 2010 IEEE International Symposium on 'A World of Wireless, Mobile and Multimedia Networks' (WoWMoM), IEEE.
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This paper proposes an integrated model to predict the quality of video, expressed in terms of mean square error (MSE) of the received video frames, in an IEEE 802.11e wireless network. The proposed system takes into account contention at the MAC layer, wireless channel error, queueing at the MAC layer, parameters of different 802.11e access categories (ACs), and video characteristics of different H.264 data partitions (DPs). To the best of the authors' knowledge, this is the first system that takes these network and video characteristics into consideration to predict video quality in an IEEE 802.11e network. The proposed system consists of two components. The first component predicts the packet loss rate of each H.264 data partition by using a multi-dimensional discrete-time Markov chain (DTMC) coupled to a M/G/1 queue. The second component uses these packet loss rates and the video characteristics to predict the MSE of each received video frames. We verify the accuracy of our combination system by using discrete event simulation and real H.264 coded video sequences. ©2010 IEEE.

Saesue, W, Zhang, J & Chou, CT 1970, 'Frame-recursive block-based distortion estimation model for multiple reference frames and motion copy concealment in H.264/AVC', 2010 18th International Packet Video Workshop, 2010 18th International Packet Video Workshop (PV), IEEE.
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Seneviratne, AJ, Kha, HH, Tuan, HD & Nguyen, TQ 1970, '2-D two-fold symmetric circular shaped filter design with homomorphic processing application', 2010 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing, 2010 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing, IEEE, Dallas, USA, pp. 3694-3697.
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A design method of a linear-phased, two-dimensional (2-D), two-fold symmetric circular shaped filter is presented in this paper. Although the proposed method designs a non-separable filter, its implementation has linear complexity. The shape of the passb

Seneviratne, AJ, Kha, HH, Tuan, HD & Nguyen, TQ 1970, 'Two-fold symmetric diamond-shaped 2-D filter design with quincunx sampling application', International Conference on Communications and Electronics 2010, 2010 Third International Conference on Communications and Electronics (ICCE 2010), IEEE, Hanoi Univ Sci & Technol, Nha Trang, VIETNAM, pp. 137-140.
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Shafi, M & Guo, YJ 1970, 'WCNC 2010 Welcome from the Technical Program Chairs', 2010 IEEE Wireless Communication and Networking Conference, Networking Conference (WCNC), IEEE.
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Shen, B, Perry, S & Fraser, D 1970, 'Adaptive motion-compensated temporal filtering of sector scan sonar image sequences', OCEANS'10 IEEE SYDNEY, OCEANS 2010 IEEE - Sydney, IEEE.
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We present an adaptive weighted temporal averaging filter with implicit motion-compensation for effective object enhancement in sector scan sonar image sequences. Visual blurring artifacts introduced by the temporal filtering process due to motion of the sonar platform are minimized by accurate motion estimation and compensation. An algorithm is proposed to perform object boundary extraction for better motion estimation. Motion estimation is performed directly on polar image sequences using cross-correlation followed by a Minimum Mean Square Error (MMSE) method. Each pixel of the filtered image is computed as the weighted average of the image pixel values over successive frames after motion compensation. The performance of the proposed filter is tested using real sector scan sonar image sequences and the results are compared with those obtained using the temporal averaging and motion compensated temporal averaging filters. © 2010 IEEE.

Shujau, M, Ritz, CH & Burnett, IS 1970, 'Speech enhancement via separation of sources from co-located microphone recordings', 2010 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing, 2010 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing, IEEE, Dallas, TX, pp. 137-140.
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Shujau, M, Ritz, CH & Burnett, IS 1970, 'Using in-air Acoustic Vector Sensors for tracking moving speakers', 2010 4th International Conference on Signal Processing and Communication Systems, 2010 4th International Conference on Signal Processing and Communication Systems (ICSPCS 2010), IEEE, Gold Coast, AUSTRALIA.
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Sinha, S & Chaczko, Z 1970, 'Socionomics inspired data routing in WSNs', 2010 4th International Conference on Signal Processing and Communication Systems, 2010 4th International Conference on Signal Processing and Communication Systems (ICSPCS 2010), IEEE, Gold Coast, Australia, pp. 1-9.
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A society is typically driven by an economic model to manage demand, debt and distribution that is virtually analogous to the management of data, resources and routing in WSNs. In this paper, the application of such a socio-economic model is formalised as a framework to optimise resource utilisation and collaboration among sensor nodes. A specifically designed simulation platform (WSNSim) has been used to validate the Socionomics framework for WSN. A series of experiments involving the formation of relay points, node vulnerability, packet loss and delivery, and propagation delays, has been performed to demonstrate the scheme by which the framework aids in maximising network lifetime.

Siriteanu, C & Miyanaga, Y 1970, 'SIMO detection performance and complexity for correlated and estimated Rician fading with unequal K-factors', APSIPA ASC 2010 - Asia-Pacific Signal and Information Processing Association Annual Summit and Conference, pp. 440-445.
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This study evaluates the performance of symbol detection and the numerical complexity of implementation for maximal-ratio eigencombining (MREC), also known as eigenbeamforming, for single-input multiple-output (SIMO) wireless communications systems and Rician fading channels. MREC consists of the Karhunen-Loeve transform (KLT) followed by conventional maximal-ratio combining (MRC). The KLT projects the received signal onto dominant eigenvectors, whereas MRC optimizes the symbol-detection signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). An average error probability (AEP) expression is derived for MREC in Rician fading channel with (possibly) unequal K-factors, correlated antennas, and estimated channel state information (CSI). This AEP expression is averaged numerically over lognormal distributions recently reported from measurements for K and azimuth spread (AS). A novel CSI-based MREC adaptation criterion is also studied for suboptimum and optimum CSI estimation methods employing pilot-symbol-aided modulation and interpolation. It is found that the AS and K distributions and correlation have significant effects on MREC performance and complexity. It is also found that, unlike MRC, adaptive MREC can very efficiently match processing resources to the actual link parameters (e.g., AS, K, SNR).

Siriteanu, C, Miyanaga, Y & Blostein, SD 1970, 'Smart antenna performance and complexity for estimated Rician fading with correlated azimuth spread and K-factor', The 2010 International Conference on Green Circuits and Systems, 2010 International Conference on Green Circuits and Systems (ICGCS), IEEE.
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Siriteanu, C, Miyanaga, Y & Blostein, SD 1970, 'Smart antenna performance for correlated azimuth spread Rician K-factor', 2010 4th International Symposium on Communications, Control and Signal Processing (ISCCSP), 2010 4th International Symposium on Communications, Control and Signal Processing (ISCCSP), IEEE.
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Smith, D, Cheng, E & Burnett, IS 1970, 'Musical onset detection using MPEG-7 audio descriptors', 20th International Congress on Acoustics 2010, ICA 2010 - Incorporating Proceedings of the 2010 Annual Conference of the Australian Acoustical Society, pp. 4036-4042.
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An onset detection system that exploits MPEG-7 audio descriptors is proposed in this paper, with investigations into the feasibility of MPEG-7 based onset detection performed across a diverse database of music. Detection functions were developed from both individual MPEG-7 descriptors and combinations of descriptors (joint detection functions). The results indicated that individual descriptors could achieve respectable detection performance (maximum F-measure of 0.753) with basic waveform features. Average detection performance could be improved by up to 11.2%, however, when joint detection functions were comprised of diverse combinations of MPEG-7 descriptors. This may be attributed to the increased capability of detection functions, composed of different spectral and temporal features, in capturing the variation in onset characteristics from different musical styles. It is thus concluded that the proposed onset detection system could be plausibly integrated into an existing MPEG-7 audio analysis system with minimal computational overhead.

Su, SW, Nguyen, HT, Ha, QP & IEEE 1970, 'Laboratory Demonstration for Model Predictive Multivariable Control with a Coupled Drive System', 11TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON CONTROL, AUTOMATION, ROBOTICS AND VISION (ICARCV 2010), International Conference on Control, Automation, Robotics and Vision, IEEE, Singapore, pp. 762-767.
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Teaching multivariable control usually involves a certain level of mathematical sophistication and hence requires some labaratorial exemplification of the material given in formal lectures. This paper reports on a hands-on approach to multivariable control education via the implementation of a model predictive controller on a two-input, two output coupled drive apparatus. This scaled-down system represents many industrial processes while provides an excellent set-up for demonstrating the cross-coupled effects in multi-input multi-output systems. Here, a model predictive controller (MPC) is developed and implemented on the basis of a constrained optimization problem to show control performance via the belt tension and velocity outputs, demonstrate the decoupling capability, and also illustrate such issues as control input saturation, the selection of operating point, reference inputs, and system robustness to external disturbance and varying parameters. The implementation is based on Labview and MATLAB Model Predictive Control Toolbox.

Su, Y, Tang, S, Shi, J, Huang, X & Guo, YJ 1970, 'Robust Downlink Precoding in Multiuser MIMO-OFDM Systems with Time-Domain Quantized Feedback', 2010 IEEE Wireless Communication and Networking Conference, Networking Conference (WCNC), IEEE.
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We consider the robust linear precoding (LP) and Tomlinson-Harashima precoding (THP) schemes for multiuser MIMO-OFDM downlink channels with limited feedback. Benefiting from the correlation of spatial channels, the mobile terminal compresses and feeds back the time-domain channel vectors instead of the corresponding frequency-domain vectors to substantially reduce the feedback signalling overhead. A compression and restoration method and a codebook design for channel state information at the transmitter (CSIT) feedback are proposed in the time domain. By treating the partial CSIT as a random quantity, we develop the robust precoders to combat the truncation and quantization errors introduced in the feedback procedure. In comparison with the non-robust designs, both the robust LP and THP have better bit-error rate performance especially in high signal-to-noise ratio region. ©2010 IEEE.

Sun, Y, Ohnuki, K & Miyanaga, Y 1970, 'On the use of RSA and DRA to improve the robustness of continuous speech recognition systems in adverse conditions', 2010 10th International Symposium on Communications and Information Technologies, 2010 10th International Symposium on Communications and Information Technologies (ISCIT), IEEE, pp. 29-33.
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This paper describes a noise-robust feature extraction technique for continuous speech recognition. The proposed method can thus extract speech features in adverse conditions. Our method combines both running spectrum analysis (RSA) and dynamic range adjustment (DRA) and focuses on speech feature adjustment. DRA is deployed after RSA in order to improve speech recognition performance. We use robust speech features to build a continuous-speech recognition model whose effectiveness is proven. Simulation results are provided for 10 dB and 15 dB noise conditions. In various noise conditions, the average recognition rate improves by more than 10% at 10 dB SNR. ©2010 IEEE.

Sutton, GJ, Liu, RP, Yang, X & Collings, IB 1970, 'Modelling Capture Effect for 802.11 DCF under Rayleigh Fading', 2010 IEEE International Conference on Communications, ICC 2010 - 2010 IEEE International Conference on Communications, IEEE, Cape Town, SOUTH AFRICA.
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Tan, Z, Jamdagni, A, He, X & Nanda, P 1970, 'Network Intrusion Detection based on LDA for payload feature selection', 2010 IEEE Globecom Workshops, 2010 Ieee Globecom Workshops, IEEE, Miami USA, pp. 1545-1549.
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Anomaly Intrusion Detection System (IDS) is a statistical based network IDS which can detect attack variants and novel attacks without a priori knowledge. Current anomaly IDSs are inefficient for real-time detection because of their complex computation. This paper proposes a novel approach to reduce the heavy computational cost of an anomaly IDS. Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA) and difference distance map are used for selection of significant features. This approach is able to transform high-dimensional feature vectors into a low-dimensional domain. The similarity between new incoming packets and a normal profile is determined using Euclidean distance on the simple, low-dimensional feature domain. The final decision will be made according to a pre-calculated threshold to differentiate normal and abnormal network packets. The proposed approach is evaluated using DARPA 1999 IDS dataset. ©2010 IEEE.

Tan, Z, Jamdagni, A, He, X, Nanda, P, Liu, RP, Jia, W & Yeh, W-C 1970, 'A Two-Tier System for Web Attack Detection Using Linear Discriminant Method', Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics), Information and Communications Security, Springer Berlin Heidelberg, Barcelona, Spain, pp. 459-471.
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Computational cost is one of the major concerns of the commercial Intrusion Detection Systems (IDSs). Although these systems are proven to be promising in detecting network attacks, they need to check all the signatures to identify a suspicious attack in the worst case. This is time consuming. This paper proposes an efficient two-tier IDS, which applies a statistical signature approach and a Linear Discriminant Method (LDM) for the detection of various Web-based attacks. The two-tier system converts high-dimensional feature space into a low-dimensional feature space. It is able to reduce the computational cost and integrates groups of signatures into an identical signature. The integration of signatures reduces the cost of attack identification. The final decision is made on the integrated low-dimensional feature space. Finally, the proposed two-tier system is evaluated using DARPA 1999 IDS dataset for webbased attack detection. © 2010 Springer-Verlag.

Tapson, J, Hamilton, TJ & van Schaik, A 1970, 'Live demonstration: The self-tuned regenerative electromechanical parametric amplifier', Proceedings of 2010 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems, 2010 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems - ISCAS 2010, IEEE, p. 1423.
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We have designed, constructed and tested an electromechanical acoustic sensor as a conceptual model for the active process in the mammalian cochlea. The sensor is based on a mechanical resonator - a stretched latex band - which is tonically (tensionally) modulated by an electromechanical actuator. A feedback circuit senses the motion of the resonator, and modulates its tension at twice the frequency of its motion. An amplifier is thereby formed, which is self-tuned to the circuit's resonance, and which produces gain by regeneration and degenerate parametric pumping. The system is simple in structure; physiologically plausible as a model for the basilar membrane and associated hair cells; and reproduces several well-known features of the cochlear amplifier. ©2010 IEEE.

Tapson, J, Hamilton, TJ & van Schaik, A 1970, 'The self-tuned regenerative electromechanical arametric amplifier: A model for Active amplification in the cochlea', Proceedings of 2010 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems, 2010 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems - ISCAS 2010, IEEE, Paris, FRANCE, pp. 1424-1427.
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Thanigaivelan, B, Hamilton, TJ & Postula, A 1970, 'A comparison of interval methods in symbolic circuit analysis applications', ANZIAM Journal, Australian Mathematical Publishing Association, Inc., pp. 1084-1084.
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Symbolic circuit analysis involves deriving symbolic expressions for performance measures, such as voltage gain, input impedance, and evaluating them to obtain more insight into the behaviour of a circuit. In modern semiconductor technologies, it is more useful to evaluate the symbolic expressions using interval methods in order handle variations in parameter values. We compare the performance of different interval methods in evaluating symbolic expressions. Our experiments show that Generalised Interval Arithmetic is the most efficient method in affne form for our application. However, this method should be modified to suit long chains of computation. Our modification yields tighter interval bounds compared with other interval methods. © Austral. Mathematical Soc. 2011.

Thanigaivelan, B, Postula, A & Hamilton, TJ 1970, 'Live Demo: Affine arithmetic concept based Symbolic Circuit Analyser', Proceedings of 2010 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems, 2010 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems - ISCAS 2010, IEEE, p. 2776.
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We implemented a Symbolic Circuit Analysis Software toolbox based on Affine Arithmetic. The toolbox is defined with small signal Affine MOSFET models along with conventional MOSFET models. As a case study the demonstration compares the use of affine models with conventional models in various circuit architectures. The symbolic analysis results are also compared with SPICE analysis results. This demonstration is associated with CAD and other tools for Analog Design track (Track 1.12). ©2010 IEEE.

Thanigaivelan, B, Postula, A, Jin, C, Schaik, AV & Hamilton, TJ 1970, 'Symbolic analysis of the Tau Cell log-domain filter using affine MOSFET models', 2010 IEEE Asia Pacific Conference on Circuits and Systems, APCCAS 2010-2010 IEEE Asia Pacific Conference on Circuits and Systems, IEEE, Kuala Lumpur, MALAYSIA, pp. 1095-1098.
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Thi, TH, Cheng, L, Zhang, J & Wang, L 1970, 'Implicit Motion-Shape Model: A generic approach for action matching', 2010 IEEE International Conference on Image Processing, 2010 17th IEEE International Conference on Image Processing (ICIP 2010), IEEE, Hong Kong, pp. 1477-1480.
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We develop a robust technique to find similar matches of human actions in video. Given a query video, Motion History Images (MHI) are constructed for consecutive keyframes. This is followed by dividing the MHI into local Motion-Shape regions, which allow

Thi, TH, Cheng, L, Zhang, J, Wang, L & Satoh, S 1970, 'Weakly Supervised Action Recognition Using Implicit Shape Models', 2010 20th International Conference on Pattern Recognition, 2010 20th International Conference on Pattern Recognition (ICPR), IEEE, Istanbul, pp. 3517-3520.
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In this paper, we present a robust framework for action recognition in video, that is able to perform competitively against the state-of-the-art methods, yet does not rely on sophisticated background subtraction preprocess to remove background features.

Thi, TH, Zhang, J, Cheng, L, Wang, L & Satoh, S 1970, 'Human Action Recognition and Localization in Video Using Structured Learning of Local Space-Time Features', 2010 7th IEEE International Conference on Advanced Video and Signal Based Surveillance, 2010 7th IEEE International Conference on Advanced Video and Signal Based Surveillance (AVSS), IEEE, Boston, MA, pp. 204-211.
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This paper presents a unified framework for human action classification and localization in video using structured learning of local space-time features. Each human action class is represented by a set of its own compact set of local patches. In our approach, we first use a discriminative hierarchical Bayesian classifier to select those space-time interest points that are constructive for each particular action. Those concise local features are then passed to a Support Vector Machine with Principal Component Analysis projection for the classification task. Meanwhile, the action localization is done using Dynamic Conditional Random Fields developed to incorporate the spatial and temporal structure constraints of superpixels extracted around those features. Each superpixel in the video is defined by the shape and motion information of its corresponding feature region. Compelling results obtained from experiments on KTH [22], Weizmann [1], HOHA [13] and TRECVid [23] datasets have proven the efficiency and robustness of our framework for the task of human action recognition and localization in video. © 2010 IEEE.

Tiwari, M, Agrawal, A, Janyani, V & Rahman, BMA 1970, 'Octave spanning supercontinuum in soft glass equiangular spiral photonic crystal fiber', SPIE Proceedings, International Conference on Fiber Optics and Photonics, SPIE.
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Tornero, JLG, Weily, AR & Guo, YJ 1970, 'Non-Standard tapering of leaky-wave antennas in hybrid technology', 2010 IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium, 2010 IEEE International Symposium Antennas and Propagation and CNC-USNC/URSI Radio Science Meeting, IEEE.
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This paper illustrates for the first time the ability of leaky-wave antennas (LWAs) [1] in hybrid waveguide printed-circuit technology [2] to provide non-standard simultaneous tapering of the phase and the leakage rate of the constituent leakymode. This unusual tapering allows synthesis of broadbeam radiation patterns with high rejection out of the prescribed beamwidth [3], high efficiency focusing near field patterns [3,4] , or highly directive conformal antennas [5]. The proposed hybrid technology offers a much simpler and more flexible mechanism to design this unusual type of tapered LWAs, if compared to LWAs in pure waveguide [3] or pure printed-circuit [4-5] technologies. © 2010 IEEE.

Tran, T & Ha, QP 1970, 'Distributed Model Predictive Control for Complex Interconnection Systems', 2010 IEEE RIVF International Conference on Computing & Communication Technologies, Research, Innovation, and Vision for the Future (RIVF), Communication Technologies, Research, Innovation, and Vision for the Future (RIVF), IEEE, Hanoi Vietnam, pp. 284-289.
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This paper presents a new communication-based distributed model predictive control (DMPC) scheme for spatially coupled systems based on linear matrix inequalities (LMI). The large-scale system in discussion is formed by several interconnected subsystems with mixed structures connected in parallel, serial and cycle configurations. Each subsystem is regulated by a dedicated model predictive controller (MPC). These local controllers communicate with their interconnected partners to update the coupling information for their online optimisation problems. An interconnection stability condition based on the dissipative systems theory is derived, taking the coupling effects into consideration. The stability condition is then converted into dynamic stability constraints for individual MPCs in a distributed manner. Upon their satisfaction, the closed-loop large-scale system with these distributed MPCs is stabilised accordingly. The main results are illustrated in simulation for a three-unit system. ©2010 IEEE.

Tran, T, Nguyen, HT, Ha, QP & IEEE 1970, 'Stability of Complex Systems with Mixed Connection Configurations under Shared Control', 11TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON CONTROL, AUTOMATION, ROBOTICS AND VISION (ICARCV 2010), Int. Conf. Control, Automation, Robotics and Vision, IEEE, Singapore, pp. 512-517.
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This paper presents a new stabilizing method for the control of complex systems operating in semi-automatic modes. The complex system is modeled by several spatially-coupled subsystems interconnected in parallel, serial and cycle configurations. Each subsystem is regulated by a dedicated autonomous controller that also allows for a manual control mode. An interconnection stability condition which takes the couplings between subsystems into consideration is derived from the renowned dissipative systems theory. Built upon this stability condition, decentralized stabilizing agents for autonomous controllers are subsequently deployed independently and segregatedly from the control algorithms. Due to this independence, human errors from man-machine interactions, that may destabilize the control systems, can be avoidable; also different types of control algorithms and controllers of subsystems are interoperable with the same stabilizing mechanism. To accomplish such tasks simultaneously, the stabilizing agents render overriding outputs for the automatic controllers, and at the same time, provide instability warning signals and manipulation guidance to the operators to successfully regulate the subsystems in the manual control mode, yet maintain the plant-wide stability. Real-time data of control inputs and plant outputs is exerted under the auspices of controller dissipativity indices and trajectories to stabilize the systems with closed-loop control and man-in-the-loop coexistence. Our main results are illustrated in simulation for a three-unit system. ©2010 IEEE.

van Schaik, A, Jin, C, McEwan, A & Hamilton, TJ 1970, 'A log-domain implementation of the Izhikevich neuron model', Proceedings of 2010 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems, 2010 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems - ISCAS 2010, IEEE, pp. 4253-4256.
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We present an implementation of the Izhikevich neuron model which uses two first-order log-domain low-pass filters and two translinear multipliers. The neuron consists of a leaky-integrate-and-fire core, a slow adaptive state variable and quadratic positive feedback. Simulation results show that this neuron can emulate different spiking behaviours observed in biological neurons. ©2010 IEEE.

van Schaik, A, Jin, C, McEwan, A, Hamilton, TJ, Mihalas, S & Niebur, E 1970, 'A log-domain implementation of the Mihalas-Niebur neuron model', Proceedings of 2010 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems, 2010 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems - ISCAS 2010, IEEE, pp. 4249-4252.
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We present an electronic neuron that uses first-order log-domain low-pass filters to implement the Mihalas-Niebur model. The neuron consists of a leaky-integrate-and-fire core and building blocks to implement an adaptive threshold and spike induced currents. Simulation results show that this modular neuron can emulate different spiking behaviours observed in biological neurons. ©2010 IEEE.

Wang, JC-P, Hagelstein, B & Abolhasan, M 1970, 'Experimental Evaluation of IEEE 802.11s Path Selection Protocols in a Mesh Testbed', 2010 4TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON SIGNAL PROCESSING AND COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS (ICSPCS), International Conference on Signal Processing and Communication Systems, IEEE, Gold Coast, Australia, pp. 1-3.
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IEEE 802.11s is an upcoming standard that defines how wireless devices can interconnect in a multi-hop configuration. While there are several protocol stacks based on the IEEE 802.11s draft standard, there has not been a formal study or comparison examining their practical performance. This paper evaluates the routing performance of open80211s in a real-world mesh testbed. The experiments benchmark open80211s against two established network layer routing protocols - OLSR and B.A.T.M.A.N.. The experimental results show that open80211s does not outperform existing routing protocols in practice. This indicates that more design and development effort is required for IEEE 802.11s to yield the performance that is expected for an IEEE standard protocol. ©2010 IEEE.

Wang, L, Cheng, L, Thi, TH & Zhang, J 1970, 'Human Action Recognition from Boosted Pose Estimation', 2010 International Conference on Digital Image Computing: Techniques and Applications, 2010 International Conference on Digital Image Computing: Techniques and Applications (DICTA), IEEE, Sydney, NSW, pp. 308-313.
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This paper presents a unified framework for recognizing human action in video using human pose estimation. Due to high variation of human appearance and noisy context background, accurate human pose analysis is hard to achieve and rarely employed for the task of action recognition. In our approach, we take advantage of the current success of human detection and view invariability of local feature-based approach to design a pose-based action recognition system. We begin with a frame-wise human detection step to initialize the search space for human local parts, then integrate the detected parts into human kinematic structure using a tree structural graphical model. The final human articulation configuration is eventually used to infer the action class being performed based on each single part behavior and the overall structure variation. In our work, we also show that even with imprecise pose estimation, accurate action recognition can still be achieved based on informative clues from the overall pose part configuration. The promising results obtained from action recognition benchmark have proven our proposed framework is comparable to the existing state-of-the-art action recognition algorithms.

Wang, S, Du, R, Wu, Q & He, X 1970, 'Adaptive Stick-Like Features for Human Detection Based on Multi-scale Feature Fusion Scheme', 2010 International Conference on Digital Image Computing: Techniques and Applications, 2010 International Conference on Digital Image Computing: Techniques and Applications (DICTA), IEEE, Sydney, Australia, pp. 375-380.
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Human detection has been widely used in many applications. In the meantime, it is still a difficult problem with many open questions due to challenges caused by various factors such as clothing, posture and etc. By investigating several benchmark methods and frameworks in the literature, this paper proposes a novel method which successfully implements the Real AdaBoost training procedure on multi-scale images. Various object features are exposed on multiple levels. To further boost the overall performance, a fusion scheme is established using scores obtained at various levels which integrates decision results with different scales to make the final decision. Unlike other score-based fusion methods, this paper re-formulates the fusion process through a supervised learning. Therefore, our fusion approach can better distinguish subtle difference between human objects and non-human objects. Furthermore, in our approach, we are able to use simpler weak features for boosting and hence alleviate the training complexity existed in most of AdaBoost training approaches. Encouraging results are obtained on a well recognized benchmark database. © 2010 IEEE.

Wang, W, Zhang, J & Shen, C 1970, 'Improved human detection and classification in thermal images', 2010 IEEE International Conference on Image Processing, 2010 17th IEEE International Conference on Image Processing (ICIP 2010), IEEE, Hong Kong, pp. 2313-2316.
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We present a new method for detecting pedestrians in thermal images. The method is based on the Shape Context Descriptor (SCD) with the Adaboost cascade classifier framework. Compared with standard optical images, thermal imaging cameras offer a clear advantage for night-time video surveillance. It is robust on the light changes in day-time. Experiments show that shape context features with boosting classification provide a significant improvement on human detection in thermal images. In this work, we have also compared our proposed method with rectangle features on the public dataset of thermal imagery. Results show that shape context features are much better than the conventional rectangular features on this task.

Wang, Y, Zhu, J, Guo, Y, Li, Y & Xu, W 1970, 'Torque ripples and estimation performance of high frequency signal injection based sensorless PMSM drive strategies', 2010 IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition, 2010 IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition (ECCE), IEEE, Altanta, USA, pp. 1699-1706.
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The developed nonlinear permanent magnet synchronous machine (PMSM) model established a virtual model to simulate and assess the sensorless drive schemes for PMSMs avoiding the experimental trial and error method. In this paper, three sensorless PMSM drive schemes are investigated and compared, which are all based on the high frequency signal injection. The nonlinear PMSM machine model is employed to accurately simulate the machine performance and to analytically assess the efficiency of the sensorless algorithm. Both the structural and saturation saliencies are incorporated in this comprehensive model. The comparison of the machine torque ripples induced by excitation signals are carried out. The magnitude of injected signal and recordable rotor position information are considered together as the efficiency of the estimation algorithm. Additionally, the implementation and signal process computing costs are considered for all the schemes. Finally, a comprehensive comparison of all the methods is developed.

Wang, Y, Zhu, J, Guo, Y, Li, Y, Xu, W, Hu, J & Wang, S 1970, 'Modelling of surface mounted PM machines incorporating saturation saliency and frequency variation', AUPEC 2010 - 20th Australasian Universities Power Engineering Conference: 'Power Quality for the 21st Century', Australasian Universities Power Engineering Conference, IEEE, Christchurch, New Zealand, pp. 1-6.
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In this paper a comprehensive magnetic model is developed for a surface mounted permanent magnet synchronous machine (SPMSM) considering both the structural and the saturation saliencies to enable the numerical simulation of new rotor position detection algorithms. With an identifiable parameter matrix, a numerical nonlinear inductance model is proposed, in which the rotor position and the stator current are taken as two independent variables. Additionally, the stator current frequency is taken as another factor of the inductances and the inductances for different frequencies are investigated. After experimentally identifying out all the parameters, a nonlinear mathematic model of SPMSM is built up based on the new magnetic inductance function. Finite element method (FEM) based calculation and simulation results are used to verify the proposed nonlinear magnetic model.

Wang, Y, Zhu, J, Wang, S, Guo, Y, Li, Y & Xu, W 1970, 'Analytical nonlinear model for permanent magnet synchronous machine incorporating saturation saliencies', 2010 International Conference on Electrical Machines and Systems, ICEMS2010, International Conference on Electrical Machines and Systems, IEEE, Incheon, pp. 1014-1019.
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This paper investigates the nonlinear model of the permanent magnet synchronous machines (PMSMs). In order to incorporate the structural and saturation saliencies, two parameters are defined to indicate the saturation ratios. An analytical model is derived and the inductance matrix is expressed in both stationary and rotating reference frames, respectively. An incremental inductance measure system is established, on which a real PMSM is tested and numerically simulated. The nonlinear inductance matrix is deduced and expressed by a nonlinear function, regressed from the experimental collected data. Based on the magnetic parameters observed from the prototype, the estimated inductance curves are compared with the experimentally measured curves. Finite Element Method (FEM) is also applied to verify the developed mathematic model. Finally, simulations and experiments are carried out to verify the proposed model. The results show that the proposed method can be applied to analytically express the machine nonlinearity.

Wang, YT 1970, 'A Facile Reaction for the Preparation of BN Nanospheres', Advanced Materials Research, China International Powder Technology and Application Forum, Trans Tech Publications, Ltd., Beijing, PEOPLES R CHINA, pp. 1-6.
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In this paper we describe the synthesis of nanocrystalline boron nitride (BN) with a hollow morphology by the reaction of NH4BF4 and NaNH2 at 500 oC for 24h. Characterized by XRD, FTIR, XPS, TEM, and EDXA spectra, the composition and morphology of the products were confirmed. The possible formation mechanism was also discussed.

Wei Ni, Wendong Xiao, Yue Khing Toh & Chen Khong Tham 1970, 'Fingerprint-MDS based algorithm for indoor wireless localization', 21st Annual IEEE International Symposium on Personal, Indoor and Mobile Radio Communications, 2010 IEEE 21st International Symposium on Personal, Indoor and Mobile Radio Communications - (PIMRC 2010), IEEE, TURKEY, Istanbul, pp. 1972-1977.
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Wei Ni, Zhuo Chen, Collings, IB & Suzuki, H 1970, 'Sum-rate scheduling of decode-and-forward broadcast channel with limited-feedback', 21st Annual IEEE International Symposium on Personal, Indoor and Mobile Radio Communications, 2010 IEEE 21st International Symposium on Personal, Indoor and Mobile Radio Communications - (PIMRC 2010), IEEE, Istanbul, TURKEY, pp. 2460-2465.
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Weng, K, Turk, B, Dolores, L, Nguyen, TN, Celler, B, Su, S & Nguyen, HT 1970, 'Fast tracking of a given heart rate profile in treadmill exercise', 2010 Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, EMBC'10, pp. 2569-2572.
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This paper investigates the application of a multi-loop PID controller in an automated treadmill exercise machine. The approach is to design a computer-controlled treadmill control system for the regulation of heart rate (HR) during treadmill exercise. A single-input and multiple-output (SIMO) controller was implemented to fast track a given heart rate profile in treadmill exercise. Two separate single-input and single-output (SISO) PID control systems are initially implemented to modify either the treadmill speed or its angle of inclination in order to achieve a desired HR. The purpose of this paper is to apply a SIMO control system by implementing a control algorithm which includes the two PID controllers working simultaneously to track the desired HR profile. The performance of the SIMO and SISO control systems are compared through the closed loop responses recorded during experimentation. This would also help future development of safe treadmill exercise system. © 2010 IEEE.

Wenke Xu & Fuxiang Liu 1970, 'Recursive algorithm of Generalized Least Squares Estimator', 2010 The 2nd International Conference on Computer and Automation Engineering (ICCAE), 2nd International Conference on Computer and Automation Engineering (ICCAE 2010), IEEE, Singapore, SINGAPORE, pp. 487-490.
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Xiaoming Chen, Shao, KR, Youguang Guo, Jianguo Zhu & Lavers, JD 1970, 'A inverse scattering technique for objects buried in planar layered media based on an Estimation of Distribution Algorithm', Digests of the 2010 14th Biennial IEEE Conference on Electromagnetic Field Computation, 2010 14th Biennial IEEE Conference on Electromagnetic Field Computation (CEFC 2010), IEEE.
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The problem of reconstructing three-dimensional objects buried in layered media is addressed in this paper. A numerical approach which is based on an Estimation of Distribution Algorithm(EDA) is proposed. The reconstruction is obtained from the iterative inversion method that minimizes the cost function by using EDA, where the cost function is defined as the squared magnitude of the difference between the measured fields and the calculated fields from the assumed profile of the object. Numerical result shows these methods are capable of reconstructing an arbitrary 3D inhomogeneous object buried in a multilayered medium. © 2010 IEEE.

Xu, KC, Jay Guo, Y & Dutkiewicz, E 1970, 'Swimmer tracking with underwater acoustic networks', 2010 10th International Symposium on Communications and Information Technologies, 2010 10th International Symposium on Communications and Information Technologies (ISCIT), IEEE, pp. 1045-1049.
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A scheme for positioning swimmers using underwater acoustic networks is proposed. The design and the performance of such a network are presented. Owing to its high accuracy, the spherical interpolation approach is employed as the positioning algorithm. The configuration of the network, namely, the arrangement of anchor nodes in the swimming pool, is optimized to achieve the highest accuracy with the minimum number of nodes and therefore the lowest cost. The simulation study includes both two dimensional (2D) and three dimensional (3D) cases in order to understand the variation of positioning estimation accuracy in horizontal and vertical directions. ©2010 IEEE.

Xu, M, Chen, L, He, X, Xu, C & Jin, JS 1970, 'Adaptive local hyperplanes for MTV affective analysis', Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Internet Multimedia Computing and Service, ICIMCS '10: The Second International Conference on Internet Multimedia Computing and Service, ACM, Harbin, China, pp. 167-170.
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Affective analysis attracts increasing attention in multimedia domain since affective factors directly reflect audiences' attention, evaluation and memory. Existing study focuses on mapping low-level affective features to high-level emotions by applying machine learning methods. Therefore, choosing effective features and developing efficient machine learning algorithms become vital for affective analysis. In this paper, we investigate the effectiveness of a novel classification approach, called Adaptive Local Hyperplanes (ALH), in affective analysis. The reason ALH is appealing in affective analysis is two-fold. Firstly, affective features are not equally important for emotion categories; ALH inherently assigns feature weights based on discriminative ability of each feature. Secondly, ALH achieves competitive performance with state-of-the-art classifiers (e.g., SVM) while it is designed for multi-class classification. Consequently, it is worthwhile to explore the usage of ALH in affective analysis. MTV data are used in this study. As the first effort of applying ALH to affective analysis, the results presented in this paper provide a foundation for future research in affective analysis. Copyright 2010 ACM.

Xu, W, Zhu, J, Zhang, Y, Dorrell, DG, Guo, Y & IEEE 1970, 'Electromagnetic Optimal Design of a Linear Induction Motor in Linear Metro', IECON 2010 - 36TH ANNUAL CONFERENCE ON IEEE INDUSTRIAL ELECTRONICS SOCIETY, IEEE Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, IEEE, Glendale, AZ, USA, pp. 3067-3072.
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An improved T-model equivalent circuit of a single-sided linear induction machine (SLIM) is proposed. The analysis utilizes a set of one-dimensional air gap flux linkage equations. The model takes longitudinal end and transversal edge effects into consideration. These have to account for primary terminal half-filled slots, secondary back-iron saturation and skin effect in the secondary conducting sheet. In the circuit, several coefficients are obtained by use of the dummy electric potential method in conjunction with consideration of the complex power equivalence between the primary and secondary sides. The coefficients derived include the longitudinal end effect coefficients Kr and Kx, transversal edge effect coefficients Cr and Cx, and skin effect coefficient Kf. The accuracy of the T-model is validated using comparison to a set of measured data under constant current - constant frequency conditions. These were taken from the Intermediate Capacity Transit System (ICTS) in Canada. An optimal design scheme for the SLIM is addressed. The application used for the optimization is a prototype propulsion system in a high temperature superconducting (HTS) maglev drive. The efficiency and primary weight are chosen as optimal objective functions while the thrust, power factor and other performance indexes are calculated.

Xu, W, Zhu, J, Zhang, Y, Guo, Y & Sun, G 1970, 'Steady and dynamic performance analyses of a linear induction machine', The XIX International Conference on Electrical Machines - ICEM 2010, 2010 XIX International Conference on Electrical Machines (ICEM), IEEE, Rome, Italy, pp. 1-6.
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This paper based on the winding function algorithm presents an improved equivalent circuit to analyze single linear induction motors (SLIMs) applied in the linear metro. The circuit deduced from the air-gap magnetic flux density equations can analyze steady and transient performances considering end effects, half filled slots, saturated iron and skin effect. Firstly several stable cases like constant thrust/power region, constant current constant frequency or variable frequencies, constant voltage constant frequency or variable frequencies are presented in detail. Then, maximal thrust at a given speed is optimized by modifying the optimal slip frequency. Finally, transient characteristics of SLIM under constant current constant frequency are investigated. The results indicate that winding function method is one effective way to study SLIM, especially its end effects. It can be used in the electromagnetic design and performance investigation for SLIM combining relative control schemes.

Xu, W, Zhu, J, Zhang, Y, Wang, Y & Sun, G 1970, 'Characterization of advanced drive system for hybrid electric vehicles', 2010 International Conference on Electrical Machines and Systems, ICEMS2010, International Conference on Electrical Machines and Systems, IEEE, Incheon, pp. 487-492.
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The electric drive is a key component in a plug-in hybrid electric vehicle (PHEV). The ideal tendency is to use the electric machine over the entire torque/speed range. This paper presents the characterization of the electrical drive suitable for a recently proposed PHEV powertrain, and the design optimization of the electric machine. The newly proposed PHEV powertrain has only one electric machine functioning as either a motor or generator at a time, an energy storage unit consisting of battery and super-capacitor banks for fast charging/discharging during regenerative braking and fast acceleration/ deceleration, and a transmission line consisting of two power split devices and a gearbox. The electric machine must be designed for frequent start/stop, fast acceleration/deceleration, high torque and power densities, and high efficiency at all speeds. The drive system was modeled and characterized by using MATLAB/SIMULINK and PSAT, while the machine design was conducted through electromagnetic field analysis by using ANSYS. The design optimization was carried out for four different electric machines, including a double salient permanent magnet (DSPM) machine, a hybrid excitation DSPM (HEDSPM) machine, and two flux-switching permanent magnet (FSPM) machines of two different pole arrangements. The results show that the 6/7 pole FSPM machine has the best performance.

Xu, W, Zhu, J, Zhang, Y, Wang, Y, Li, Y & Hu, J 1970, 'Flux-switching permanent magnet machine drive system for plug-in hybrid electrical vehicle', AUPEC 2010 - 20th Australasian Universities Power Engineering Conference: 'Power Quality for the 21st Century', Australasian Universities Power Engineering Conference, IEEE, Christchurch, New Zealand, pp. 1-6.
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Plug-in hybrid electric vehicle (PHEV) depends mostly on the electric drive system where the internal combustion engine just acts as the auxiliary unit, which has strict constraints for the drive machine. According to the Toyota Prius configuration, one novel PHEV drive system in this paper has been brought forward which primarily includes one drive machine operating as both motor and generator, energy storage unit combining supercapacitor and battery. In the novel PHEV, the ideal tendency is to use the drive machine over the entire torque/speed range, including starting/acceleration, high speed cruising, regenerative braking, etc. The flux-switching permanent magnet machine (FSPMM) for the drive system has been studied in details. Firstly, the structure and operation principle are analyzed theoretically. In order to achieve higher torque/power density and lower torque ripple, FSPMM with 6/7 (stator/rotor) poles and 12/14 poles according to plenty of investigations are optimized based on our setting objective function decided by actual projects. Moreover, it analyzes several typical performance curves, such as cogging/rating torque, flux linkage, back-EMF, and self-/mutual-inductances. Finally the flux-weakening ability and efficiency are estimated by experience. The results indicate that FSPMM is one ideal candidate for our PHEV drive system for its strong thermal dissipation ability, good mechanical robustness, strong flux-weakening ability, etc.

Yam Prasad, S, Bimal Chhetri, B, Adhikary, B & Bista, D 1970, 'Microcontroller based intelligent DC/DC converter to track Maximum Power Point for solar photovoltaic module', 2010 IEEE Conference on Innovative Technologies for an Efficient and Reliable Electricity Supply, 2010 IEEE Conference on Innovative Technologies for an Efficient and Reliable Electricity Supply, IEEE, pp. 94-101.
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Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) is widely used control technique to extract maximum power available from the solar cell of photovoltaic (PV) module. Since the solar cells have non-linear i-v characteristics. The efficiency of PV module is very low and power output depends on solar insolation level and ambient temperature, so maximization of power output with greater efficiency is of special interest. Moreover there is great loss of power due to mismatch of source and load. So, to extract maximum power from solar panel a MPPT needs to be designed. The objective of the paper is to present a novel cost effective and efficient microcontroller based MPPT system for solar photovoltaic system to ensure fast maximum power point operation at all fast changing environmental conditions. The proposed controller scheme utilizes PWM techniques to regulate the output power of boost DC/DC converter at its maximum possible value and simultaneously controls the charging process of battery. Incremental Conductance algorithm is implemented to track maximum power point. For the feasibility study, parameter extraction, model evaluation and analysis of converter system design a MATLAB/Simulink model is demonstrated and simulated for a typical 40W solar panel from Kyocera KC-40 for hardware implementation and verification. Finally, a hardware model is designed and tested in lab at different operating conditions. Further, MPPT system has been tested with Solar Panel at different solar insolation level and temperature. The resulting system has high-efficiency, lower-cost, very fast tracking speed and can be easily modified for additional control function for future use. ©2010 IEEE.

Yang, G, Chen, X, Shao, KR, Guo, Y, Zhu, J & Lavers, JD 1970, 'Application of meshless collocation method to solve eddy current magnetic field problems involving conductor movement', Digests of the 2010 14th Biennial IEEE Conference on Electromagnetic Field Computation, 2010 14th Biennial IEEE Conference on Electromagnetic Field Computation (CEFC 2010), IEEE.
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This paper applies the Radial Basis function (RBF) collocation method to compute the eddy current magnetic field coupled with conductor movement. Because of the linear characteristic of the RBF collocation matrix equation, the unknown magnetic vector potential could be easily decoupled and directly expressed in moving coordinate systems without model recast. This offers a great convenience to deal with the conductor movement. Time-domain iteration is constructed to solve the governing equations. And in each iteration step, the magnetic field and kinetic equations are calculated alternately. Two numerical examples, the TEAM workshop problem 28 and a transient coil gun problem are considered to analyze the accuracy and efficiency of this method. © 2010 IEEE.

Yang, X, Rosberg, Z, Cao, Z & Liu, RP 1970, 'Admission Control for Wireless Mesh Networks Based on Active Neighbor Bandwidth Reservations', 2010 IEEE International Conference on Communications, ICC 2010 - 2010 IEEE International Conference on Communications, IEEE, Cape Town, SOUTH AFRICA.
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Yin, XX, Ng, BW-H, Abbott, D, Jia, W & Ramamohanarao, K 1970, 'Fuzzy inference systems in MR image processing-a review', 2010 International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedical Technology, 2010 International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedical Technology, IEEE, pp. 19-22.
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Fuzzy inference systems are of great interest to provide a consistent mathematical framework for the representation of imprecision in relation to objects, relationships, knowledge and aims, and are viewed as powerful tools for reasoning and decision-making. In this paper, we survey several fuzzy approaches in magnetic resonances image processing, with an aim to develop and validate multidimensional segmentation and filtering methodology for future research. We also briefly review a number of advances of fuzzy set theory in the MR image processing application domain. © 2010 IEEE.

Yongjian Li, Qingxin Yang, Zhu, J, Jingfeng Sun, Lei Guo & Cuihuan Li 1970, 'Modeling and analysis of 3-D tensor magnetic reluctivity properties of soft magnetic composite material', Digests of the 2010 14th Biennial IEEE Conference on Electromagnetic Field Computation, 2010 14th Biennial IEEE Conference on Electromagnetic Field Computation (CEFC 2010), IEEE.
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In rotating electric machines, magnetic material shows complex three-dimensional (3-D) properties due to rotational domains. In order to comprehensively analyze magnetic field distribution in the rotating flux machines, a 3-D magnetic properties testing system fit for cubic specimen has been constructed and modeled by means of finite element method (FEM). Taking the magnetic reluctivity tensor into account, this paper presents the modeling of 3-D tester core and analyzes the 3-D properties of a kind of SMC material. Experimental results are also presented to testify the rationality of design. © 2010 IEEE.

Yoshizawa, S, Ikeuchi, H & Miyanaga, Y 1970, 'Scalable pipeline architecture of MMSE MIMO detector for 4&#x00D7;4 MIMO-OFDM receiver', Proceedings of 2010 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems, 2010 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems - ISCAS 2010, IEEE.
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Yoshizawa, S, Odagiri, S, Asai, Y, Gunji, T, Saito, T & Miyanaga, Y 1970, 'Development and outdoor evaluation of an experimental platform in an 80-MHz bandwidth 2&#x00D7;2 MIMO-OFDM system at 5.2-GHz band', 21st Annual IEEE International Symposium on Personal, Indoor and Mobile Radio Communications, 2010 IEEE 21st International Symposium on Personal, Indoor and Mobile Radio Communications - (PIMRC 2010), IEEE.
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Yu Peng, Park, M, Min Xu, Suhuai Luo, Jin, JS, Yue Cui & Felix Wong, WS 1970, 'Detection of nuclei clusters from cervical cancer microscopic imagery using C4.5', 2010 2nd International Conference on Computer Engineering and Technology, 2010 2nd International Conference on Computer Engineering and Technology, IEEE.
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Cervical cancer is the second most common cancer among women. At the same time, cervical cancer could be largely preventable and curable with regular Pap tests. This test can find nuclei changes in the cervix. Accurate nuclei detection is extremely critical as it is the previous step of analysing nuclei changes and diagnosis afterwards. In recent years, automatic nuclei segmentation has increased dramatically. Although such algorithms could be utilised in the situation for sparse nuclei since they are intuitively detected, the segmentation for the complicated nuclei clusters is still challenging task. This paper presents a new methodology for the detection of cervical nuclei clusters. We first detect all the nuclei from the cervical microscopic image by an ellipse fitting algorithm. All the ellipses are then classified into single ones and cluster ones by C4.5 decision tree with selected features. We evaluated the performance of this method by the classification accuracy, sensitivity, and cluster predictive value. The result shown that the promising classification accuracy (97.8%) is obtained using C4.5 with 9 relative features. © 2010 IEEE.

Yu Peng, Park, M, Min Xu, Suhuai Luo, Jin, JS, Yue Cui, Wong, WSF & Santos, LD 1970, 'Clustering nuclei using machine learning techniques', IEEE/ICME International Conference on Complex Medical Engineering, 2010 IEEE/ICME International Conference on Complex Medical Engineering - CME 2010, IEEE, Gold Coast Australia, pp. 52-57.
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Cervical cancer is the second most common cancer among women. Meanwhile, cervical cancer could be largely preventable and curable with regular Pap tests. Nuclei changes in the cervix could be found by this test. Accurate nuclei detection is extremely critical as it is the previous step of analysing nuclei changes and diagnosis afterwards. Recently, computer-aided nuclei segmentation has increased dramatically. Although such algorithms could be utilised in the situation for sparse nuclei since they are intuitively detected, the segmentation for the complicated nuclei clusters is still challenging task. This paper presents a new methodology for the detection of cervical nuclei clusters. We first detect all the nuclei from the cervical microscopic image by an ellipse fitting algorithm. Second, we chose some high-relevant features from all the features we obtained in last step via F-score, which is based on to what extent one feature attributes to results. All the ellipses are then classified into single ones and cluster ones by C4.5 decision tree with selected features. We evaluated the performance of this method by the classification accuracy, sensitivity, and cluster predictive value. With the 9 selected features from the original 13 features, we came by the promising classification accuracy (97.8%). © 2010 IEEE.

Yu, Y, Dutkiewicz, E, Huang, X, Mueck, M & Fang, G 1970, 'Performance analysis of soft frequency reuse for inter-cell interference coordination in LTE networks', 2010 10th International Symposium on Communications and Information Technologies, 2010 10th International Symposium on Communications and Information Technologies (ISCIT), IEEE, pp. 504-509.
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Due to the requirement of high spectrum efficiency, the frequency reuse of one is targeted for next generation OFDMA-based cellular networks. Such a frequency planning strategy can lead to unacceptable inter-cell interference levels experienced especially by users located at the cell edge area. Soft frequency reuse (SFR) is considered as an effective frequency reuse scheme for inter-cell interference coordination as well as maintaining spectrum efficiency. In this paper, we investigate the performance of SFR for LTE downlink transmission by considering issues of various traffic loads and different power ratio configurations. In addition to the cell-edge user performance, the overall cell performance and the cell-center user performance are both evaluated in terms of throughput estimation. Using simulation studies, the advantages and limitations of SFR are comprehensively examined and compared against the classical frequency reuse of one scheme. ©2010 IEEE.

Yu, Y-H, Kodagoda, S, Ha, QP & IEEE 1970, 'Slope-Based Point Pursuing Maneuvers of Nonholonomic Robots using FPGA', IEEE/RSJ 2010 INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INTELLIGENT ROBOTS AND SYSTEMS (IROS 2010), IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems, IEEE, Taipei, taiwan, pp. 3694-3699.
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Steering maneuver is essential in robotic motion planning. Despite a lot of steering mechanisms successfully developed in past years, for miniature robots, real-time computation is still a limitation for robot path tracking. The design issues in cooperative control of battery-powered nonholonomic robots rest with the complicacy of the control strategies, the low power consumption and real-time processing capability. Conventionally, the improvement of computing speed mostly relies on the increment of the system clock and often results in some transient loss. Thus, an elaborate control algorithm developed for PC might not work on an embedded system. This paper presents a comprehensive steering algorithm which, via issuing predicaments for computation, will dramatically reduce the resource usage in hardware circuit design. The proposed algorithm is implemented on an embedded system for ubiquitous robotics using the field programmable gate array (FPGA) technology. ©2010 IEEE.

Zainal, MS, Yoshizawa, S & Miyanaga, Y 1970, 'Optimal power reduction on wireless OFDM receiver', 2010 IEEE Region 8 International Conference on Computational Technologies in Electrical and Electronics Engineering (SIBIRCON), 2010 IEEE Region 8 International Conference on 'Computational Technologies in Electrical and Electronics Engineering' (SIBIRCON 2010), IEEE, pp. 263-267.
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Wordlength determination is a crucial task in digital hardware implementations for green computing because the wordlength affects power consumption and system performance. Digital hardware requires careful wordlength design for a sufficient dynamic range. Nevertheless, wordlength can be reduced during better conditions. We present a modeling approach for dynamic variable wordlength (DVW) in digital wireless systems and deploy DVW at an OFDM receiver lowpass filter. The proposed modeling approach estimates power reduction achieved with DVW vs. fixed wordlength for the desired communication quality. © 2010 IEEE.

Zeng, C, Jia, W, He, X & Yang, J 1970, 'Graph-Based Text Segmentation Using a Selected Channel Image', 2010 International Conference on Digital Image Computing: Techniques and Applications, 2010 International Conference on Digital Image Computing: Techniques and Applications (DICTA), IEEE, Sydney, Australia, pp. 535-539.
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This paper proposes a graph-based method for segmentation of a text image using a selected colour-channel image. The text colour information usually presents a two-polarity trend. According to the observation that the histogram distributions of the respective colour channel images are usually different from each other, we select the colour channel image with the histogram having the biggest distance between the two main peaks, which represents the main foreground colour strength and background colour strength respectively. The peak distance is estimated by the mean-shift procedure performed on each individual channel image. Then, a graph model is constructed on a selected channel image to segment the text image into foreground and background. The proposed method is tested on a public database, and its effectiveness is demonstrated by the experimental results. © 2010 IEEE.

Zhang, A, Hanlen, LW & Huang, X 1970, 'Spreading with Walsh code for &#x03C0;/2-DBPSK modulated WBAN systems', 2010 IEEE 21st International Symposium on Personal, Indoor and Mobile Radio Communications Workshops, 2010 IEEE 21st International Symposium on Personal, Indoor and Mobile Radio Communications Workshops (PIMRC Workshops), IEEE, IEEE, pp. 84-88.
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The IEEE has proposed a narrowband PHY for the IEEE standard of wireless body area network. To maintain small phase transition of the π/2-DBPSK modulated signal and ensure simple receiver design, repetition code is used where lower data rate is needed. In this paper, we suggest to replace the repetition code by Walsh code to improve the interference cancelation capability of the system. Spreading-before-modulation approach is suggested to retain the merit of small phase transition. Three receivers, including frequency discriminator, differential demodulator and coherent receiver, are developed for the proposed scheme. We show that the proposed scheme, with slightly increased complexity, can improve the signal to interference ratio by about 2 dB, which increases with increasing packet length. ©2010 IEEE.

Zhang, G, Kleijn, WB & Østergaard, J 1970, 'Bounding the Rate Region of Vector Gaussian Multiple Descriptions with Individual and Central Receivers', Data Compression Conference Proceedings, pp. 13-19.
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In this work, the rate region of the vector Gaussian multiple descriptionproblem with individual and central quadratic distortion constraints isstudied. In particular, an outer bound to the rate region of the L-descriptionproblem is derived. The bound is obtained by lower bounding a weighted sum ratefor each supporting hyperplane of the rate region. The key idea is to introduceat most L-1 auxiliary random variables and further impose upon the variables aMarkov structure according to the ordering of the description weights. Thismakes it possible to greatly simplify the derivation of the outer bound. In thescalar Gaussian case, the complete rate region is fully characterized byshowing that the outer bound is tight. In this case, the optimal weighted sumrate for each supporting hyperplane is obtained by solving a singlemaximization problem. This contrasts with existing results, which requiresolving a min-max optimization problem.

Zhang, G, Kleijn, WB & Østergaard, J 1970, 'Bounding the Rate Region of Vector Gaussian Multiple Descriptions with Individual and Central Receivers', Data Compression Conference (DCC), pp. 13-19.
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Zhang, J, Shen, C & Geers, G 1970, 'Preface', 2010 International Conference on Digital Image Computing: Techniques and Applications, 2010 International Conference on Digital Image Computing: Techniques and Applications (DICTA), IEEE.
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Zhang, Y, Miyanaga, Y & Siriteanu, C 1970, 'New robust speech recognition using DTW in noise', 2010 10th International Symposium on Communications and Information Technologies, 2010 10th International Symposium on Communications and Information Technologies (ISCIT), IEEE, pp. 34-38.
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This paper proposes a new robust speech recognition method. Since the hidden Markov model (HMM) algorithm need a lot of training calculation, The dynamic time warping (DTW) algorithm based on median filter is used instead in our system. According to the short-term energy method, the non-speech segment can be removed. Recognition accuracy is thus improved. The cepstral mean subtraction (CMS), running spectrum filtering (RSF) and dynamic range adjustment (DRA) methods are also applied for noise reduction. Our results show that the RSF/DRA and CMS/DRA are good. The median filter improved the accuracy of DTW and The recognition accuracy almost are same and that one using HMM in the 10 dB and 20 dB white noise. ©2010 IEEE.

Zhang, Y, Zhu, J & Xu, W 1970, 'Analysis of one step delay in direct torque control of permanent magnet synchronous motor and its remedies', 2010 International Conference on Electrical Machines and Systems, ICEMS2010, International Conference on Electrical Machines and Systems, IEEE, Korea, pp. 792-797.
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One-step delay in digital implementation of direct torque controlled (DTC) AC motor drives leads to large torque ripple and low switching frequency. Two remedies are proposed in this paper to eliminate the one-step delay. One is based on model-based prediction, which is complex and relies much on the model; the other is based on the multiple sampling of stator current. Different from the model-based method, the stator current prediction in the second method is achieved by using linear extrapolation, which does not require the motor model. By using the one-step compensation, the torque and flux ripples are reduced effectively and the switching frequency is increased, making better use of the power converters. The two remedies are firstly simulated in Simulink, and then experimentally verified in a permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) DTC drive, validating the effectiveness of the proposed methods.

Zhang, Y, Zhu, J & Xu, W 1970, 'Predictive torque control of permanent magnet synchronous motor drive with reduced switching frequency', 2010 International Conference on Electrical Machines and Systems, ICEMS2010, International Conference on Electrical Machines and Systems, IEEE, Incheon, pp. 798-803.
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A novel model based predictive torque control (MPTC) method is proposed in this paper for permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) drives. By choosing the voltage vector best satisfying the demands of torque and flux, important reduction in torque and flux ripples can be observed compared to conventional DTC. Furthermore, the losses of system can be reduced effectively by incorporating the switching frequency calculation in the cost function, whereas the torque and flux performance only varies slightly. The influences of one-step delay for both DTC and MPTC are investigated. Simulation results are presented to validate the effectiveness of the proposed schemes in this paper.

Zhang, Y, Zhu, J, Xu, W, Hu, J, Dorrell, DG, Zhao, Z & IEEE 1970, 'Speed Sensorless Stator Flux Oriented Control of Three-Level Inverter-Fed Induction Motor Drive Based on Fuzzy Logic and Sliding Mode Control', IECON 2010 - 36TH ANNUAL CONFERENCE ON IEEE INDUSTRIAL ELECTRONICS SOCIETY, IEEE Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, IEEE, Glendale, AZ, USA, pp. 2932-2937.
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A novel simplified stator flux oriented control (SFOC) for three-level inverter-fed induction motor drive is proposed to achieve high performance torque control in both steady state and transient conditions. Sliding mode control (SMC) is designed, in stead of conventional PI controller, to obtain the continuous commanding voltage vectors. The speed accuracy and dynamic tracking performance, as well as robustness to external disturbance, are improved by using fuzzy logic control (FLC). A speed adaptive flux observer with novel gain and load torque observation is introduced to improve the dynamic performance of speed estimation. The issue of large starting current in SFOC is addressed, and a strategy with pre-excitation and ramp function of commanding stator flux is proposed to solve this problem. By utilizing the redundant states of small vectors, the neutral point voltage fluctuation of three-level inverter is kept within a certain range. Experimental results prove that the sensorless three-level inverter-fed IM drive exhibits excellent dynamic performance and steady-state accuracy over a wide speed range.

Zheng, L & Hoang, DB 1970, 'A QoS Mechanism of Registered Multi-Cycle Polling in Wireless Medium Access Control', 2010 IEEE RIVF International Conference on Computing & Communication Technologies, Research, Innovation, and Vision for the Future (RIVF), Communication Technologies, Research, Innovation, and Vision for the Future (RIVF), IEEE, Hanoi, pp. 1-6.
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Polling schemes in the IEEE 802 MAC layer provide some QoS support for multimedia applications above what can be provided with the contention scheme. However, in highly loaded environment, reliability and efficiency remain the main challenges for current detailed polling schemes. In this paper, we present a detailed analysis of polling medium access , and propose a novel mechanism, the Registered Multi-cycle polling. The new scheme performs particularly well especially under heavy load situations, where QoS guarantee for session-based applications is crucial to the network performance. The scheme provides not only parameterized QoS for session-based applications, but also improves the total network utilization. These performance gains are achieved with Registered Multi-cycle scheme with the use implicit information update and Multi-cycle enhancement.

Zhou, E, Shi, J, Li, Y, Vucetic, B, Huang, X & Guo, YJ 1970, 'Power Allocation Based on Truncated Squared Norm of Channel Equalization Coefficients for TDD LTE-A Uplink Systems', 2010 IEEE Wireless Communication and Networking Conference, Networking Conference (WCNC), IEEE.
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The power allocation problem is addressed for time division duplex (TDD) LTE-A uplink systems in this paper. Due to the IDFT de-spreading in LTE-A uplink, the channel frequency responses in an IDFT de-spreading block will be tangled together. After analyzing the equivalent signal to interference plus noise ratio (SINR) in the time domain, a Truncated Squared norm of channel equalization Coefficients based Power Allocation (TSCPA) method is proposed to improve the final SINR performance after the IDFT de-spreading block. The proposed TSC-PA algorithm is verified for the clustered DFT-s-OFDM system in eigen-model block diagonalization multi-user MIMO uplink environment by simulations. The results demonstrate that the proposed TSC-PA algorithm can further improve the system block error rate (BLER) performance by selecting a proper truncation threshold. ©2010 IEEE.

Blanc-Talon, J, Bone, D, Popescu, D, Philips, W & Scheunders, P 2010, 'Preface', p. VI.

Blanc-Talon, J, Bone, D, Popescu, D, Philips, W & Scheunders, P 2010, 'Preface'.

Hohn, N, Veitch, DN & Papagiannaki, K 2010, 'Method for analyzing performance of a network through measuring and reporting delay in routing devices', Google Patents.