Fam, KS & Waller, DS 1999, 'Factors in winning accounts: The views of agency account directors in New Zealand', JOURNAL OF ADVERTISING RESEARCH, vol. 39, no. 3, pp. 21-32.
Massey, GR 1999, 'Product evolution: a Darwinian or Lamarckian phenomenon?', Journal of Product & Brand Management, vol. 8, no. 4, pp. 301-318.
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Examines the product life cycle (PLC) concept as presented in much of the marketing literature, and the implications of PLC‐based strategic action for marketing practitioners. A range of problems is identified with the PLC, and an evolutionary perspective for product management decisions is considered. Concludes that an evolutionary perspective is more appropriate than PLC‐based approaches, and proposes an evolutionary model known as “Lamarckism”, which is better able to account for the realities of product evolution than the Darwinian model.
Shirley, D, Lee, M & Ellis, E 1999, 'The Relationship Between Submaximal Activity of the Lumbar Extensor Muscles and Lumbar Posteroanterior Stiffnesss', Physical Therapy, vol. 79, no. 3, pp. 278-285.
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Abstract Background and Purpose. Some patients with low back pain are thought to have increased lumbar posteroanterior (PA) stiffness. Increased activity of the lumbar extensors could contribute to this stiffness. This activity may be seen when a PA force is applied and is thought to represent much less force than occurs with a maximal voluntary contraction (MVC). Although MVCs of the lumbar extensors are known to increase lumbar PA stiffness, the effect of small amounts of voluntary contraction is not known. In this study, the effect of varying amounts of voluntary isometric muscle activity of the lumbar extensors on lumbar PA stiffness was examined. Subjects. Twenty subjects without low back pain, aged 26 to 45 years (X̄=34, SD=5.6), participated in the study. Methods. Subjects were asked to perform an isometric MVC of their lumbar extensor muscles with their pelvis fixed by exerting a force against a steel plate located over their T4 spinous process. They were then asked to perform contractions generating force equivalent to 0%, 10%, 30%, 50%, and 100% of that obtained with an MVC. Posteroanterior stiffness at L4 was measured during these contractions. Results. A Friedman one-way analysis of variance for repeated measures demonstrated a difference in PA stiffness among all levels of muscle activity. Conclusion and Discussion. Voluntary contraction of the lumbar extensor muscles will result in an increase in lumbar PA stiffness even at low levels of activity.
Waller, DS 1999, 'Attitudes towards offensive advertising: an Australian study', Journal of Consumer Marketing, vol. 16, no. 3, pp. 288-295.
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As society becomes more complex, as we become more aware of the harmful effects of some products and as agencies try to become more creative to “cut through the clutter” to gain awareness, there will be more advertisements which the general public perceive as “offensive”. Analyses the responses to a survey of attitudes towards the advertising of particular products and reasons for being offensive. The attitudes are examined by means of a survey which presents a series of potentially controversial/offensive products. The study can be used by advertising agencies to develop an understanding of which advertising is perceived by some people as offensive, and a list of potentially controversial clients.
Waller, DS & Polonsky, MJ 1999, 'Student Attitudes Towards Political Advertising and Issues', Journal of International Consumer Marketing, vol. 11, no. 2, pp. 79-98.
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A number of cross-cultural studies have analysed student attitudes towards advertising in general in order to control sources of variation and to isolate any cultural differences. Rather than use students as a proxy for the wider population this study focuses on an examination of the attitudes of students towards one type of advertising, political advertising in two countries with different political systems (Australia and the US). It found that respondents in both countries held similar attitudes towards political advertising and political issues. © 1999, Taylor & Francis Group, LLC. All rights reserved.
Hingorani, A 1970, 'The effect of ad variation and brand familiarity on brand name and claim recall: A theoretical perspective', Marketing in the Third Millennium: Proceedings of ANZMAC99, Australian and New Zealand Marketing Academy Conference, UNSW, School of Marketing, Sydney, Australia, pp. on CD-ROM.
