Aktan, F, Henness, S, Roufogalis, BD & Ammit, AJ 2003, 'Gypenosides derived from Gynostemma pentaphyllum suppress NO synthesis in murine macrophages by inhibiting iNOS enzymatic activity and attenuating NF-κB-mediated iNOS protein expression', Nitric Oxide, vol. 8, no. 4, pp. 235-242.
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Ammit, AJ & Panettieri, RA 2003, 'Airway smooth muscle cell hyperplasia: a therapeutic target in airway remodeling in asthma?', Prog Cell Cycle Res, vol. 5, pp. 49-57.
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Severe asthma is characterized by airway remodeling due, in part, to increases in airway smooth muscle (ASM) mass. Regulation of ASM hyperplasia is considered an attractive therapeutic target for the potential treatment of airway remodeling in asthma. In order to develop anti-remodeling drugs, researchers have utilized cell culture techniques to elucidate the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying ASM cell proliferation and to identify the critical cell cycle events that regulate ASM cell growth. Attractive lead compounds that have emerged from in vitro studies can now be examined in new animal models of airway remodeling, thus providing tools to design novel therapies to prevent or abrogate airway remodeling.
Benn, DE, Croxson, MS, Tucker, K, Bambach, CP, Richardson, AL, Delbridge, L, Pullan, PT, Hammond, J, Marsh, DJ & Robinson, BG 2003, 'Novel succinate dehydrogenase subunit B (SDHB) mutations in familial phaeochromocytomas and paragangliomas, but an absence of somatic SDHB mutations in sporadic phaeochromocytomas', Oncogene, vol. 22, no. 9, pp. 1358-1364.
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Ben-Nissan, B 2003, 'Natural bioceramics: from coral to bone and beyond', Current Opinion in Solid State and Materials Science, vol. 7, no. 4-5, pp. 283-288.
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Recent advances in the production and use of natural bioceramics for applications in hard and soft tissue replacement are discussed. The synthesis of complex inorganic forms, which are based on natural structures that can mimic natural scaffold, upon which the cells are seeded, offers an exciting range of avenues for the construction of a new generation bone analogs for tissue engineering. The use of natural and synthetic calcium phosphate bioceramics as bone grafts in orthopaedics and dentistry is considered. Issues affecting the use of different materials in vivo are outlined, of particular importance are osteoconductivity (ability to support tissue ingrowth and bone formation) and osteogenicity (formation of bone from cells within a bone graft). A variety of other natural alternatives including sol-gel coated coralline apatite are evaluated, and other key success factors (strength, longevity and stability) are reviewed. Several treatments for improving performance are outlined, and speculation on future advances, including combination of traditional bioceramic implants with more recent advances in stem cell research is made. © 2003 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
CLARKE, IC, MANAKA, M, GREEN, DD, WILLIAMS, P, PEZZOTTI, G, KIM, Y-H, RIES, M, SUGANO, N, SEDEL, L, DELAUNEY, C, NISSAN, BB, DONALDSON, T & GUSTAFSON, GA 2003, 'CURRENT STATUS OF ZIRCONIA USED IN TOTAL HIP IMPLANTS', The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery-American Volume, vol. 85, no. SUPPL. 4, pp. 73-84.
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Cordingley, RL, Kohan, L, Ben-Nissan, B & Pezzotti, G 2003, 'Aluminia and zirconia bioceramics in orthopaedic applications', Journal of the Australasian Ceramic Society, vol. 39, no. 1, pp. 20-28.
COUTTS, A, REABURN, P & ABT, G 2003, 'Hearth rate, blood lactate concetration and estimated energy expediture in a semi-profesional rugby league team during a match: case study', Journal of Sports Sciences, vol. 21, no. 2, pp. 97-103.
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Coutts, AJ & Abt, G 2003, 'L'allenamento della componente aerobica negli sport di squadra: ricerche su giolatori ed arbitri', Teknosport, vol. 7, no. 29, pp. 25-29.
Coutts, AJ & Impellizzeri, FM 2003, 'Il monitoraggio dell allenamento negli sport di squadra con particolare riferimento al calcio', Teknosport, vol. 29, pp. 14-20.
Coutts, AJ, Murphy, AJ, Pine, MJ, Reaburn, P & Impellizzeri, FM 2003, 'Validity of the session - RPE method for determining training load in team sport athletes', Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport, vol. 6, no. 4, pp. 525-526.
Cranfield, C, Wieser, HG, Al Madan, J & Dobson, J 2003, 'Preliminary evaluation of nanoscale biogenic magnetite-based ferromagnetic transduction mechanisms for mobile phone bioeffects', IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NANOBIOSCIENCE, vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 40-43.
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Cranfield, CG, Weiser, HG & Dobson, J 2003, 'Exposure of magnetic bacteria to simulated mobile phone-type RF radiation has no impact on mortality', IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NANOBIOSCIENCE, vol. 2, no. 3, pp. 146-149.
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Dang, L, Seale, JP & Qu, X 2003, 'Protein Kinase C Inhibition Reverses High-glucose-induced Expression And Secretion Of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor In Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells.', Diabetologia, vol. 46, pp. 1-1.
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Darcy, S 2003, 'The politics of disability and access: the Sydney 2000 Games experience', Disability & Society, vol. 18, no. 6, pp. 737-757.
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The article examines disability and access issues surrounding the Sydney 2000 Olympic and Paralympic Games. Central to this is an examination of the involvement of the Australian community of people with disabilities within the Games. The Sydney Paralympic Games, in particular, was seen as a possible watershed event for developing accessible infrastructure, and raising awareness of disability and access issues. This paper draws on the official documents of the Games, newspaper accounts and disability organisation reports. The article first examines the major bodies charged with organising the Games, and the planning processes used to incorporate disability and access issues. It then examines a range of critical issues and their relationships with the disability community. Finally, the article provides an analysis of any likely legacies that the 2000 Games may have for Sydney's community of people with disabilities.
DARCY, S & HARRIS, ROB 2003, 'Inclusive and Accessible Special Event Planning: An Australian Perspective', Event Management, vol. 8, no. 1, pp. 39-47.
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Darcy, SA 2003, 'The disability discrimination act, parks and leisure services and people with disabilities: Part 2 beyond complaint cases', Parks and Leisure, vol. 6, no. 1, pp. 45-45.
Darcy, SA & Taylor, TL 2003, 'Management and inclusion in leisure services', Australasian Parks and Leisure, vol. 6, no. 1, pp. 2-2.
Dean, RT, Dunlop, R, Hume, P & Rodgers, KJ 2003, 'Proteolytic 'defences' and the accumulation of oxidized polypeptides in cataractogenesis and atherogenesis', PROTEASES AND THE REGULATION OF BIOLOGICAL PROCESSES, vol. 70, no. 1, pp. 135-146.
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Over the last few years, it has been clearly established that normal plasma contains low levels of oxidized polypeptides, and that these accumulate in tissues during several age-related pathologies. In contrast, normal mammalian aging, contrary to conven
Death, AK, Fisher, EJ, McGrath, KCY & Yue, DK 2003, 'High glucose alters matrix metalloproteinase expression in two key vascular cells: potential impact on atherosclerosis in diabetes', Atherosclerosis, vol. 168, no. 2, pp. 263-269.
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Diabetes is a major risk factor for atherosclerosis. Hyperglycemia is an underlying contributing factor; however, the mechanisms that mediate the vascular complications are not yet fully understood. In the present study, we provide evidence that elevated
Eager, DM 2003, 'How the New Standard Will Impact on Playgrounds', Journal Institute of Public Works Engineering Australia, vol. N/A, no. June/July 2003, pp. 22-27.
Eager, DM 2003, 'Raising the Standard', Journal of the Australian Institute of Landscape Architects, vol. 25(4), no. 100, pp. 70-75.
Eager, DM 2003, 'Understanding The Need For Playground Undersurfacing', Journal Institute of Public Works Engineering Australia, vol. N/A, no. August/September, pp. 36-37.
Eager, DM 2003, 'Undersurfacing - Myths and Facts', Playground News, vol. 11, no. Winter 2003, pp. 1-2.
Fee, M, Staines, MP, Buckley, RG, Watterson, PA & Jian Guo Zhu 2003, 'Calculation of AC loss in an HTS wind turbine generator', IEEE Transactions on Appiled Superconductivity, vol. 13, no. 2, pp. 2193-2196.
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Foggin, E, Cameron, B & Darcy, SA 2003, 'Vers un tourisme sans barrieres: initiatives dans la region Asie-Pacifique', Teoros, vol. 22, no. 3, pp. 16-19.
Gimm, O & Marsh, DJ 2003, 'Does a somatic deletion in RET clarify the sporadic nature of medullary thyroid carcinoma?', Journal of Endocrinological Investigation, vol. 26, no. 4, pp. 381-383.
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Guo, YG, Zhu, JG, Watterson, PA & Wu, W 2003, 'Comparative study of 3-D flux electrical machines with soft magnetic composite cores', IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INDUSTRY APPLICATIONS, vol. 39, no. 6, pp. 1696-1703.
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Ha, QP, Trinh, H, Nguyen, HT & Tuan, HD 2003, 'Dynamic output feedback sliding-mode control using pole placement and linear functional observers', IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INDUSTRIAL ELECTRONICS, vol. 50, no. 5, pp. 1030-1037.
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This paper presents a methodological approach to design dynamic output feedback sliding-mode control for a class of uncertain dynamical systems. The control action consists of the equivalent control and robust control components. The design of the equivalent control and the sliding function are based on the pole-placement technique. Linear functional observers are developed to implement the sliding function and the equivalent control. Stability of the resulting system under the proposed control scheme is guaranteed. A numerical example is given to demonstrate its efficacy.
Hung, A, Nguyen, HT, Lee, WB, Rickard, MT, Thornton, BS & Blinowska, A 2003, 'Diagnostic Abilities of Three CAD Methods for Assessing Microcalcifications In Mammograms and An Aspect of Equivocal Cases Decisions by Radiologists', Australian Physical And Engineering Sciences in Medicine, vol. 26, no. 3, pp. 78-83.
Hung, A, Nguyen, HT, Thornton, BS & Zinder, Y 2003, 'Dynamic Programming Approach to Image Segmentation and its Application to Pre-processing of Mammograms', Australian Journal of Intelligent Information Processing Systems, vol. 8, no. 2, pp. 51-56.
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Images egmentationis an importent componento f imagop rocessings irce significantt ime can be savedi f a region of interest is extracted by al efficient segmentationa lgorithm. A dynamic programming image segmentation algorithnr is presented. The algorithm is applicable to images with a large matrix of gray levels of pixel values and generatesa path separatingt he object from the background.T he report of a.na pplication of the proposed algorithm to digitised mammotramsc omplementsit s description.
Hung, WT, Nguyen, HT, Lee, WB, Rickard, MT, Thornton, BS & Blinowska, A 2003, 'Diagnostic abilities of three CAD methods for assessing microcalcifications in mammograms and an aspect of equivocal cases decisions by radiologists', Australasian Physics & Engineering Sciences in Medicine, vol. 26, no. 3, pp. 104-109.
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Radiologists use an "Overall impression" rating to assess a suspicious region on a mammogram. The value ranges from 1 to 5. They will definitely send a patient for biopsy if the rating is 4 or 5. They will send the patient for core biopsy when a rating of 3 (indeterminate) is given. We have developed three methods to aid diagnosis of cases with microcalcifications. The first two methods, namely, Bayesian and multiple logistic regression (with a special "cutting score" technique), utilise six parameter ratings which minimise subjectivity in characterising the microcalcifications. The third method uses three parameters (age of patient, uniformity of size of microcalcification and their distribution) in a multiple stepwise regression. For both training set and test set, all three methods are as good as the two radiologists in terms of percentages of correct classification. Therefore, all three proposed methods potentially can be used as second readers.
Hutton, BF & Braun, M 2003, 'Software for image registration: Algorithms, accuracy, efficacy', Seminars in Nuclear Medicine, vol. 33, no. 3, pp. 180-192.
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Indsto, JO, Nassif, NT, Kefford, RF & Mann, GJ 2003, 'Frequent loss of heterozygosity targeting the inactive X chromosome in melanoma.', Clin Cancer Res, vol. 9, no. 17, pp. 6476-6482.
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After previous preliminary observations of paradoxical deletion events affecting the inactive X chromosome in melanoma, we have surveyed the X chromosome for deletions using 23 polymorphic microsatellite markers in 28 informative (female XX) metastatic melanomas. Ten tumors (36%) showed at least one loss of heterozygosity (LOH) event, and in two cases an entire chromosome showed LOH at all informative loci. Four distinct X chromosome smallest regions of overlap can be resolved. An 18.6-Mb region on the p arm involving 9 of 28 (32%) samples lies between the markers DXS1061 and DXS1068. An equally frequently deleted smallest region of overlap straddled the centromere, bounded by DX1204 on the p arm and DXS983 14.6 Mb away in Xq11-12. One tumor potentially defines this region more tightly to a 10.6-Mb smallest region of overlap bounded by DXS1190 and DXS981 that contains the androgen receptor (AR) gene. A 6.2-Mb deleted region can be defined between the markers DXS8051 and DXS9902 in 8 of 28 (28%) tumors. An additional, less frequently deleted region of 25.7 Mb was found on distal Xq between the markers DXS1212 and DXS1193 in 5 of 28 (18%) tumors. X inactivation analysis of five tumors with LOH, using the AR exon 1 CAG repeat, showed that in each case, the inactive, hypermethylated allele was the one deleted. Analysis of copy number in this region by quantitative PCR showed restoration to disomy and, in one case, trisomy at AR.
Kahnoski, K, Khoo, SK, Nassif, NT, Chen, J, Lobo, GP, Segelov, E & Teh, BT 2003, 'Alterations of the Birt-Hogg-Dube gene (BHD) in sporadic colorectal tumours', JOURNAL OF MEDICAL GENETICS, vol. 40, no. 7, pp. 511-515.
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Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer diagnosed in both men and women, and the second most common cause of cancer deaths in the United States. There were approximately 150 000 new cases resulting in 57 000 deaths in 2002.1 CRC is one of the most studied cancer types and its underlying aetiology best, elucidated. Colorectal tumorigenesis involves a multistep process including genetic and epigenetic alterations of numerous CRC related genes that may act as either oncogenes or tumour suppressor genes.2-5 The majority of sporadic CRCs are characterised by deletions of large chromosomal segments, which are thought to represent the loss of wild type tumour suppressor genes.6 7 About 15% of sporadic CRCs, on the other hand, show microsatellite instability (MSI), characterised by the insertion and/or deletion of simple repeat sequences and indicative of the involvement of defective mismatch repair.
Kessabi, S, de Abreu Lourenco, R & Wonder, M 2003, 'Rescuing Patients from the Rule of Efficiency', PharmacoEconomics, vol. 21, no. 9, pp. 681-681.
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Kessabi, S, de Abreu Lourenco, R & Wonder, M 2003, 'Rescuing patients from the rule of efficiency: a need to debate the 'rule of rescue'.', Pharmacoeconomics, vol. 21, no. 9, p. 681.
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Kim, JK, Fillmore, JJ, Gavrilova, O, Chao, L, Higashimori, T, Choi, H, Kim, H-J, Yu, C, Chen, Y, Qu, X, Haluzik, M, Reitman, ML & Shulman, GI 2003, 'Differential Effects of Rosiglitazone on Skeletal Muscle and Liver Insulin Resistance in A-ZIP/F-1 Fatless Mice', Diabetes, vol. 52, no. 6, pp. 1311-1318.
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To determine the role of adipocytes and the tissue-specific nature in the insulin sensitizing action of rosiglitazone, we examined the effects of 3 weeks of rosiglitazone treatment on insulin signaling and action during hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamps in awake A-ZIP/F-1 (fatless), fat-transplanted fatless, and wild-type littermate mice. We found that 53 and 66% decreases in insulin-stimulated glucose uptake and insulin receptor substrate (IRS)-1–associated phosphatidylinositol (PI) 3-kinase activity in skeletal muscle of fatless mice were normalized after rosiglitazone treatment. These effects of rosiglitazone treatment were associated with 50% decreases in triglyceride and fatty acyl-CoA contents in the skeletal muscle of rosiglitazone-treated fatless mice. In contrast, rosiglitazone treatment exacerbated hepatic insulin resistance in the fatless mice and did not affect already reduced IRS-2–associated PI 3-kinase activity in liver. The worsening of insulin action in liver was associated with 30% increases in triglyceride and fatty acyl-CoA contents in the liver of rosiglitazone-treated fatless mice. In conclusion, these data support the hypothesis that rosiglitazone treatment enhanced insulin action in skeletal muscle mostly by its ability to repartition fat away from skeletal muscle.
Kwong, RA, Nguyen, TV, Bova, RJ, Kench, JG, Cole, IE, Musgrove, EA, Henshall, SM & Sutherland, RL 2003, 'Overexpression of E2F-1 is associated with increased disease-free survival in squamous cell carcinoma of the anterior tongue.', Clin Cancer Res, vol. 9, no. 10 Pt 1, pp. 3705-3711.
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PURPOSE: Overexpression of E2F-1 is associated with increased invasiveness in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma cell lines in vitro, but its significance in vivo is unknown. This study sought to determine the relationship between E2F-1 and retinoblastoma protein (pRb) expression and disease outcome in squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the anterior tongue. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: pRb and E2F-1 protein expression was assessed by immunohistochemistry in a cohort of 145 patients with SCC of the anterior tongue. The outcomes examined were time to disease recurrence or death. The relationships between E2F-1 or pRb expression and outcome were assessed by univariate and multivariate Cox's proportional hazards model, with or without clinicopathological covariates, including nodal status, disease stage, treatment status, and molecular markers (cyclin D1, p16(INK4A), and Ki-67) previously measured in this cohort. RESULTS: On univariate analysis, increased expression of E2F-1 (>35% of positive-stained nuclei) was associated with increased disease-free survival (DFS; hazard ratio [HR]: 0.35; P = 0.04) and increased overall survival (OS; HR: 0.33; P = 0.06). Decreased expression of pRb (<50% positive nuclei) was associated with increased DFS (HR: 1.81; P = 0.06) but not with OS (P = 0.11). However, when considered simultaneously with other significant factors, i.e. lymph node status, p16(INK4A) protein expression, and histopathological grade, in the multivariate Cox's proportional hazards model, the additional contributions of E2F-1 and/or pRb expression to DFS and OS were not statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS: These data demonstrate that in patients with SCC of the tongue, overexpression of E2F-1 is associated with increased DFS and OS. However, this association is not independent of lymph node status, tumor grade, and p16(INK4A) expression. Among the cell cycle-regulatory molecules studied, p16(INK4A) expression is the most predictive molecular marker of disease outcome.
Lal, SKL, Craig, A, Boord, P, Kirkup, L & Nguyen, H 2003, 'Development of an algorithm for an EEG-based driver fatigue countermeasure', JOURNAL OF SAFETY RESEARCH, vol. 34, no. 3, pp. 321-328.
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Problem: Fatigue affects a driver's ability to proceed safely. Driver-related fatigue and/or sleepiness are a significant cause of traffic accidents, which makes this an area of great socioeconomic concern. Monitoring physiological signals while driving provides the possibility of detecting and warning of fatigue. The aim of this paper is to describe an EEG-based fatigue countermeasure algorithm and to report its reliability. Method: Changes in all major EEG bands during fatigue were used to develop the algorithm for detecting different levels of fatigue. Results: The software was shown to be capable of detecting fatigue accurately in 10 subjects tested. The percentage of time the subjects were detected to be in a fatigue state was significantly different than the alert phase (P<.01). Discussion: This is the first countermeasure software described that has shown to detect fatigue based on EEG changes in all frequency bands. Field research is required to evaluate the fatigue software in order to produce a robust and reliable fatigue countermeasure system. Impact on Industry: The development of the fatigue countermeasure algorithm forms the basis of a future fatigue countermeasure device. Implementation of electronic devices for fatigue detection is crucial for reducing fatigue-related road accidents and their associated costs. © 2003 National Safety Council and Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
Lee, SP, O'Dowd, BF, Rajaram, RD, Nguyen, T & George, SR 2003, 'D2 Dopamine Receptor Homodimerization Is Mediated by Multiple Sites of Interaction, Including an Intermolecular Interaction Involving Transmembrane Domain 4', Biochemistry, vol. 42, no. 37, pp. 11023-11031.
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In this study, we examined the mechanisms of intermolecular interaction involved in D2 dopamine receptor dimer formation to develop an understanding of the quaternary structure of G protein-coupled receptors. The potential role of two mechanisms was investigated: disulfide bridges and hydrophobic interactions between transmembrane domains. D2 dopamine receptor oligomers were unaffected by treatment with a reducing agent; however, oligomers of the D1 dopamine receptor dissociated following a similar treatment. This observation suggested that other forces such as hydrophobic interactions were more robust in the D2 receptor than in the D1 receptor in maintaining oligomerization. To elucidate which transmembrane domains were involved in the intermolecular hydrophobic interactions, truncation mutants were generated by successive deletion of transmembrane domains from amino and/or carboxyl portions of the D2 dopamine receptor. Immunoblot analyses revealed that all the fragments were well expressed but only fragments containing transmembrane domain 4 were able to self-associate, suggesting that critical areas for receptor dimerization resided within this transmembrane domain. Disruption of the helical structure of transmembrane domain 4 in a truncated receptor capable of forming dimers interfered with its ability to self-associate; however, a similar disruption of the transmembrane domain 4 helix structure in the full-length receptor did not significantly affect dimerization. These results indicated that there are other sites of interaction involved in D2 receptor oligomer assembly in addition to transmembrane domain 4.
Leung, FHF, Lam, HK, Ling, SH & Tam, PKS 2003, 'Tuning of the structure and parameters of a neural network using an improved genetic algorithm', IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NEURAL NETWORKS, vol. 14, no. 1, pp. 79-88.
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This paper presents the tuning of the structure and parameters of a neural network using an improved genetic algorithm (GA). It will also be shown that the improved GA performs better than the standard GA based on some benchmark test functions. A neural network with switches introduced to its links is proposed. By doing this, the proposed neural network can learn both the input-output relationships of an application and the network structure using the improved GA. The number of hidden nodes is chosen manually by increasing it from a small number until the learning performance in terms of fitness value is good enough. Application examples on sunspot forecasting and associative memory are given to show the merits of the improved GA and the proposed neural network.
LI, H, LI, J, TAN, SH & NG, S-K 2003, 'DISCOVERY OF BINDING MOTIF PAIRS FROM PROTEIN COMPLEX STRUCTURAL DATA AND PROTEIN INTERACTION SEQUENCE DATA', Biocomputing 2004, pp. 312-323.
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Unravelling the underlying mechanisms of protein interactions requires knowledge about the interactions' binding sites. In this paper, we use a novel concept, binding motif pairs, to describe binding sites. A binding motif pair consists of two motifs each derived from one side of the binding protein sequences. The discovery is a directed approach that uses a combination of two data sources: 3-D structures of protein complexes and sequences of interacting proteins. We first extract maximal contact segment pairs from the protein complexes' structural data. We then use these segment pairs as templates to sub-group the interacting protein sequence dataset, and conduct an iterative refinement to derive significant binding motif pairs. This combination approach is efficient in handling large datasets of protein interactions. From a dataset of 78,390 protein interactions, we have discovered 896 significant binding motif pairs. The discovered motif pairs include many novel motif pairs as well as motifs that agree well with experimentally validated patterns in the literature.
Li, J, Liu, H, Downing, JR, Yeoh, AE-J & Wong, L 2003, 'Simple rules underlying gene expression profilesof more than six subtypes of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL)patients', Bioinformatics, vol. 19, no. 1, pp. 71-78.
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Abstract Motivations and Results: For classifying gene expression profiles or other types of medical data, simple rules are preferable to non-linear distance or kernel functions. This is because rules may help us understand more about the application in addition to performing an accurate classification. In this paper, we discover novel rules that describe the gene expression profiles of more than six subtypes of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) patients. We also introduce a new classifier, named PCL, to make effective use of the rules. PCL is accurate and can handle multiple parallel classifications. We evaluate this method by classifying 327 heterogeneous ALL samples. Our test error rate is competitive to that of support vector machines, and it is 71% better than C4.5, 50% better than Naive Bayes, and 43% better than k-nearest neighbour. Experimental results on another independent data sets are also presented to show the strength of our method. Availability: Under http://sdmc.lit.org.sg/GEDatasets/, click on Supplementary Information. Contact: jinyan@lit.a-star.edu.sg * To whom correspondence should be addressed.
Li, J, Liu, H, Ng, S & Wong, L 2003, 'Discovery Of Significant Rules For Classifying Cancer Diagnosis Data', Bioinformatics, vol. 19, no. NA, pp. 0-0.
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Methods and Results: We introduce a new method to discover many diversified and significant rules from high dimensional profiling data. We also propose to aggregate the discriminating power of these rules for reliable predictions. The discovered rules ar
Li, M, Hoang, DB & Simmonds, AJ 2003, 'Class-based fair intelligent admission control over an enhanced differentiated service network', INFORMATION NETWORKING, vol. 2662, pp. 543-552.
Ling, SH, Leung, FHF, Lam, HK, Lee, YS & Tam, PKS 2003, 'A novel genetic-algorithm-based neural network for short-term load forecasting', IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INDUSTRIAL ELECTRONICS, vol. 50, no. 4, pp. 793-799.
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This paper presents a neural network with a novel neuron model. In this model, the neuron has two activation functions and exhibits a node-to-node relationship in the hidden layer. This neural network provides better performance than a traditional feedforward neural network, and fewer hidden nodes are needed. The parameters of the proposed neural network are tuned by a genetic algorithm with arithmetic crossover and nonuniform mutation. Some applications are given to show the merits of the proposed neural network.
Ling, SH, Leung, PHF, Lam, HK & Tam, PKS 2003, 'Short-term electric load forecasting based on a neural fuzzy network', IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INDUSTRIAL ELECTRONICS, vol. 50, no. 6, pp. 1305-1316.
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Electric load forecasting is, essential to improve the reliability of the ac power line data network and provide optimal load scheduling in an intelligent home system. In this paper, a short-term load forecasting realized by a neural fuzzy network (NFN) and a modified genetic algorithm (GA) is proposed. It can forecast the hourly load accurately with respect to different day types and weather information. By introducing new genetic operators, the modified GA performs better than the traditional GA under some benchmark test functions. The optimal network structure can be found by the modified GA when switches in the links of the network are introduced. The membership functions and the number of rules of the NFN can be obtained automatically. Results for a short-term load forecasting will be given.
Liu, GJ, Simpson, AM, Swan, MA, Tao, C, Tuch, BE, Crawford, RM, Jovanovic, A & Martin, DK 2003, 'ATP-sensitive potassium channels induced in liver cells after transfection with insulin cDNA and the GLUT2 transporter regulate glucose-stimulated insulin secretion', FASEB JOURNAL, vol. 17, no. 10, pp. 1682-+.
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As part of our research into the liver-directed gene therapy of Type I diabetes, we have engineered a human hepatoma cell line (HEPG2ins/g cells) to store and secrete insulin to a glucose stimulus. The aim of the present study was to determine whether HEPG2ins/g cells respond to glucose via signaling pathways that depend on ATP-sensitive potassium channels (KATP). Using patch-clamp electrophysiology with symmetrical KCl solutions, the single-channel conductance of KATP was 61pS. KATP was inhibited by ATP (1 mM) or cAMP (50 microM) applied to the cytosolic side of the membrane. Single KATP channels and macroscopic whole-cell currents were inhibited by glucose (20 mM) and glibenclamide (20 microM) and were activated by diazoxide (150 microM). Immunoprecipitation and Western blot analysis confirmed the presence of Kir6.2 KATP channel subunit protein in HEPG2ins/g and HEPG2ins cells. Using radioimmunoassay techniques, we report that exposure of the cells to tolbutamide (100 microM) resulted in an increase in insulin secretion from 0.3 +/- 0.05 to 1.8 +/- 0.2 pmol insulin/10(6) cells and glibenclamide (20 microM) from 0.4 +/- 0.06 to 2.1 +/- 0.3 (n=4), similar to what is seen on glucose (20 mM) stimulation. Diazoxide (150 microM) completely inhibited glucose-stimulated insulin release. Glucose 20 mM and glibenclamide 100 microM increased intracellular Ca2+ level in the HEPG2ins/g cells. However, glucose 20 mM did not stimulate a rise in intracellular Ca2+ in the un-transfected parent cell-line HEPG2. We used confocal microscopy to confirm that glucose (20 mM) stimulated the release of insulin from the fluorescently labeled secretion granules in the cells. Furthermore, glibenclamide (20 microM) also stimulated the release of insulin from fluorescently labeled secretion granules, and diazoxide (150 microM) blocked that stimulated release of insulin. Our results suggest that HEPG2ins/g cells respond to glucose via signaling pathways that depend on KATP, similar to a norm...
Lutherborrow, M, Simpson, AM & Tuch, BE 2003, 'Microarray Analysis Of A Beta Cell Surrogate: The Insulin Producing Liver Cell Line Hep G2ins/g', Journal Of Gene Medicine, vol. 5, no. 5, pp. 1-2.
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Marsh, DJ, Theodosopoulos, G, Martin-Schulte, K, Richardson, A-L, Philips, J, Röher, H-D, Delbridge, L & Robinson, BG 2003, 'Genome-Wide Copy Number Imbalances Identified in Familial and Sporadic Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma', The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, vol. 88, no. 4, pp. 1866-1872.
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Medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) is a malignant tumor of the calcitonin-secreting parafollicular C cells of the thyroid occurring sporadically and as a component of the multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2/familial medullary thyroid carcinoma syndrome. The primary genetic cause of multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2 is germline mutation of the RET protooncogene. Somatic point mutations in RET also occur in sporadic MTC. Although RET mutation is likely sufficient to cause C-cell hyperplasia, the precursor lesion to MTC, tumor progression is thought to be due to clonal expansion caused by the accumulation of somatic events. Using the genome-scanning technique comparative genomic hybridization, we identified chromosomal imbalances that occur in MTC including deletions of chromosomes 1p, 3q26.3-q27, 4, 9q13-q22, 13q, and 22q and amplifications of chromosome 19. These regions house known tumor suppressor genes as well as genes encoding subunits of the multicomponent complex of glycosylphosphatidylinositol-linked proteins (glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor family receptors α-2-4) and their ligands glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor, neurturin, persephin, and artemin that facilitate RET dimerization and downstream signaling. Chromosomal imbalances in the MTC cell line TT were largely identical to those identified in primary MTC tumors, consolidating its use as a model for studying MTC.
McClean, MA, Matheson, MJ, McKay, K, Johnson, PRA, Rynell, A-C, Ammit, AJ, Black, JL & Berend, N 2003, 'Low lung volume alters contractile properties of airway smooth muscle in sheep', European Respiratory Journal, vol. 22, no. 1, pp. 50-56.
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Milev, A, Kannangara, GSK & Ben-Nissan, B 2003, 'Morphological stability of hydroxyapatite precursor', Materials Letters, vol. 57, no. 13-14, pp. 1960-1965.
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Murphy, AJ, Lockie, RG & Coutts, AJ 2003, 'Kinematic determinants of early acceleration in field sport athletes.', J Sports Sci Med, vol. 2, no. 4, pp. 144-150.
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Acceleration performance is important for field sport athletes that require a high level of repeat sprint ability. Although acceleration is widely trained for, there is little evidence outlining which kinematic factors delineate between good and poor acceleration. The aim of this study was to investigate the kinematic differences between individuals with fast and slow acceleration. Twenty field sport athletes were tested for sprint ability over the first three steps of a 15m sprint. Subjects were filmed at high speed to determine a range of lower body kinematic measures. For data analysis, subjects were then divided into relatively fast (n = 10) and slow (n = 10) groups based on their horizontal velocity. Groups were then compared across kinematic measures, including stride length and frequency, to determine whether they accounted for observed differences in sprint velocity. The results showed the fast group had significantly lower (~11-13%) left and right foot contact times (p < .05), and an increased stride frequency (~9%), as compared to the slow group. Knee extension was also significantly different between groups (p < .05). There was no difference found in stride length. It was concluded that those subjects who are relatively fast in early acceleration achieve this through reduced ground contact times resulting in an improved stride frequency. Training for improved acceleration should be directed towards using coaching instructions and drills that specifically train such movement adaptations.
Murphy, AJ, Watsford, ML, Coutts, AJ & Pine, MJ 2003, 'Reliability of a test of musculotendinous stiffness for the triceps-surae', PHYSICAL THERAPY IN SPORT, vol. 4, no. 4, pp. 175-181.
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Nguyen, TV, Livshits, G, Center, JR, Yakovenko, K & Eisman, JA 2003, 'Genetic Determination of Bone Mineral Density: Evidence for a Major Gene', The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, vol. 88, no. 8, pp. 3614-3620.
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Nurtjahja-Tjendraputra, E, Ammit, AJ, Roufogalis, BD, Tran, VH & Duke, CC 2003, 'Effective anti-platelet and COX-1 enzyme inhibitors from pungent constituents of ginger', Thrombosis Research, vol. 111, no. 4-5, pp. 259-265.
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Port, L, Center, J, Briffa, NK, Nguyen, T, Cumming, R & Eisman, J 2003, 'Osteoporotic fracture: missed opportunity for intervention', Osteoporosis International, vol. 14, no. 9, pp. 780-784.
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Qu, X, Dang, L & Paul Seale, J 2003, 'Inhibitory Effect of Hypocrellin A on Protein Kinase C in Liver and Skeletal Muscle of Obese Zucker Rats', The American Journal of Chinese Medicine, vol. 31, no. 06, pp. 871-878.
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In this ex vivo study, the inhibitory activity of hypocrellin A (HA), a perylene quinonoid pigment isolated from the Chinese medicinal fungus Hypocrella bambuase, on protein kinase C (PKC) enzyme activity in insulin target tissues of obese Zucker rats was assessed. Pre-incubation with HA for 30 minutes significantly inhibited the activity of partially purified PKC enzyme from liver and soleus skeletal muscle in a dose-dependent manner ( IC 50=0.07 and 0.26 μg/ml, respectively). HA produced a greater inhibitory effect in enzyme prepared from the liver than enzyme prepared from soleus muscle. Since total PKC activity in these two insulin target tissues is the net result of several different isoforms of PKC, and PKC-θ is a major isoform expressed in the soleus skeletal muscle, the present data suggest that the naturally occurring compound, HA, may selectively inhibit certain PKC isoforms other than PKC-θ. Further investigations are required to determine which PKC isoforms are most susceptible to HA and whether changes in PKC signaling during treatment with HA can reverse abnormalities of glucose and lipid metabolism in insulin resistant and diabetic states.
ROCHE, N, STIRLING, RG, LIM, S, OLIVER, BG & CHUNG, KF 2003, 'Regulation of protease-activated receptor-1 in mononuclear cells by neutrophil proteases', Respiratory Medicine, vol. 97, no. 3, pp. 228-233.
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Roche, N, Stirling, RG, Lim, S, Oliver, BG, Oates, T, Jazrawi, E, Caramori, G & Chung, KF 2003, 'Effect of acute and chronic inflammatory stimuli on expression of protease-activated receptors 1 and 2 in alveolar macrophages', Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, vol. 111, no. 2, pp. 367-373.
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Rodgers, KJ & Dean, RT 2003, 'Assessment of proteasome activity in cell lysates and tissue homogenates using peptide substrates', INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMISTRY & CELL BIOLOGY, vol. 35, no. 5, pp. 716-727.
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The ubiquitin-proteasome pathway is a major route of degradation of cell proteins. It also plays an essential role in maintaining cell homeostasis by degrading many rate-limiting enzymes and critical regulatory proteins. Alterations in proteasome activit
Schwarz, DS, Hutvágner, G, Du, T, Xu, Z, Aronin, N & Zamore, PD 2003, 'Asymmetry in the Assembly of the RNAi Enzyme Complex', Cell, vol. 115, no. 2, pp. 199-208.
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A key step in RNA interference (RNAi) is assembly of the RISC, the protein-siRNA complex that mediates target RNA cleavage. Here, we show that the two strands of an siRNA duplex are not equally eligible for assembly into RISC. Rather, both the absolute and relative stabilities of the base pairs at the 5′ ends of the two siRNA strands determine the degree to which each strand participates in the RNAi pathway. siRNA duplexes can be functionally asymmetric, with only one of the two strands able to trigger RNAi. Asymmetry is the hallmark of a related class of small, single-stranded, noncoding RNAs, microRNAs (miRNAs). We suggest that single-stranded miRNAs are initially generated as siRNA-like duplexes whose structures predestine one strand to enter the RISC and the other strand to be destroyed. Thus, the common step of RISC assembly is an unexpected source of asymmetry for both siRNA function and miRNA biogenesis.
Simpson, AM, Elgundi, Z, Tao, CZ, Swan, MA & Winch, D 2003, 'Insulin Trafficking In A Glucose-responsive Human Liver Cell Line-huh7-egfpins', Journal Of Gene Medicine, vol. 5, no. 5, pp. 1-1.
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Stewart, TD, Tipper, JL, Insley, G, Streicher, RM, Ingham, E & Fisher, J 2003, 'Long‐term wear of ceramic matrix composite materials for hip prostheses under severe swing phase microseparation', Journal of Biomedical Materials Research Part B: Applied Biomaterials, vol. 66B, no. 2, pp. 567-573.
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AbstractThe purpose of this study was to evaluate the long‐term wear performance of alumina matrix composite (AMC) heads against alumina matrix composite inserts and alumina matrix composite heads against alumina (Al) inserts with the use of a hip‐joint simulator incorporating severe swing phase joint microseparation. The wear of AMC on Al produced an average wear rate of 0.61 mm3/million cycles over the 5‐million‐cycle test duration. The wear of AMC on AMC produced an average wear rate of 0.16 mm3/million cycles over the 5‐million‐cycle test duration. Both the AMC on alumina and AMC on AMC produced significantly lower wear than previously tested HIPed alumina, where an average wear rate of 1.84 mm3/million cycles was reported over 5 million cycles. The wear mechanisms and wear debris of AMC on AMC and AMC on Al were similar to those observed in previous alumina retrieval studies with stripe wear caused by intragranular fracture and wear debris consisting of predominantly uniform 10–20‐nm‐sized particles and a few irregular particles up to 3 μm in size. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater 66B: 567–573, 2003
Stewart, TD, Tipper, JL, Insley, G, Streicher, RM, Ingham, E & Fisher, J 2003, 'Severe wear and fracture of zirconia heads against alumina inserts in hip simulator studies with microseparation', JOURNAL OF ARTHROPLASTY, vol. 18, no. 6, pp. 726-734.
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Stewart, TD, Tipper, JL, Insley, G, Streicher, RM, Ingham, E & Fisher, J 2003, 'Severe wear and fracture of zirconia heads against alumina inserts in hip simulator studies with microseparation', The Journal of Arthroplasty, vol. 18, no. 6, pp. 726-734.
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The wear of zirconia femoral heads against alumina acetabular inserts with swing-phase microseparation was investigated in a hip joint simulator. Under mild microseparation conditions, the wear was very low, with an average wear rate of 0.05 mm3/million cycles reported over 5 million cycles of testing. However, under severe microseparation conditions representative of greater joint laxity, the wear rate of zirconia against alumina increased by 2 orders of magnitude, producing severe wear and, in one case, femoral head fracture. The adverse results of this study indicate that the combination of a zirconia femoral head articulating against an alumina acetabular insert is not recommended for clinical use. The results further raise concerns over the suitability of conventional simulators in evaluating the wear of ceramic hip prostheses. © 2003 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Tuch, BE, Szymanska, B, Yao, M, Tabiin, MT, Gross, DJ, Holman, S, Swan, MA, Humphrey, RKB, Marshall, GM & Simpson, AM 2003, 'Function of a genetically modified human liver cell line that stores, processes and secretes insulin', GENE THERAPY, vol. 10, no. 6, pp. 490-503.
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Vanti, WB, Muglia, P, Nguyen, T, Cheng, R, Kennedy, JL, George, SR & O'Dowd, BF 2003, 'Discovery of a null mutation in a human trace amine receptor gene', Genomics, vol. 82, no. 5, pp. 531-536.
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G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are important mediators of signal transduction, and mutations in GPCR-encoding genes can lead to disease states. Here we describe a null mutation in an orphan GPCR-encoding gene that is predicted to inactivate completely the encoded receptor. The TA3 receptor is a putative member of the recently described mammalian trace amine receptor family, and it is expressed in the pituitary gland and skeletal muscle. We tested for the presence of the mutant form of TA3 (named TA 3-TR) in a normal population, as well as in two disease groups (ADHD and bipolar affective disorder). We found TA3-TR to be commonly expressed in all groups, with ∼20% allele frequency. We did not find any statistically significant correlation between either disease and the presence of TA3-TR.
Vanti, WB, Nguyen, T, Cheng, R, Lynch, KR, George, SR & O’Dowd, BF 2003, 'Novel human G-protein-coupled receptors', Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, vol. 305, no. 1, pp. 67-71.
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G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are important mediators of signal transduction and targets for pharmacological therapeutics. Novel receptor-ligand systems have been discovered through the identification and analysis of orphan GPCRs (oGPCRs). Here we describe the discovery of seven novel human genes encoding oGPCRs. Each novel oGPCR gene was discovered using customized searches of the GenBank genomic databases with previously known GPCR-encoding sequences. The expressed genes can now be used in assays to determine endogenous and pharmacological ligands. GPR133, GPR134, GPR135, GPR136, and GPR137 share identities with a prostate-specific odorant-like GPCR-encoding gene (PSGR). GPR138 and GPR139 share identities with an odorant-like gene derived from human erythroid cells. Transcripts encoding GPR133, GPR134, GPR135, GPR136, and GPR137 were detected in various CNS tissues. The expression of odorant-like genes in non-olfactory tissues requires further clarification, which may be achieved through the search for endogenous cognate ligands for these and other oGPCRs. © 2003 Elsevier Science (USA). All rights reserved.
Weiss, JN, Qu, Z & Garfinkel, A 2003, 'Understanding biological complexity: lessons from the past', The FASEB Journal, vol. 17, no. 1, pp. 1-6.
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Williams, S, Tipper, JL, Ingham, E, Stone, MH & Fisher, J 2003, 'In vitro analysis of the wear, wear debris and biological activity of surface-engineered coatings for use in metal-on-metal total hip replacements', Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part H: Journal of Engineering in Medicine, vol. 217, no. 3, pp. 155-163.
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Extremely low wear rates have been reported for metal-on-metal total hip replacements, but concerns remain about the effects of metal ion release, dissolution rates and toxicity. Surface-engineered coatings have the potential to improve wear resistance and reduce the biological activity of the wear debris produced. The aim of this study was to examine the wear and wear debris generation from surface-engineered coatings: titanium nitride (TiN), chromium nitride (CrN) and chromium carbon nitride (CrCN) applied to a cobalt-chrome alloy (CoCr) substrate. The coatings were articulated against themselves in a simple geometry model. The wear particles generated were characterized and the cytotoxic effect on U937 macrophages and L929 fibroblasts assessed. The CrN and CrCN coatings showed a decrease in wear compared to the CoCr bearings and produced small (less than 40 nm in length) wear particles. The wear particles released from the surface engineered bearings also showed a decreased cytotoxic effect on cells compared to the CoCr alloy debris. The reduced wear volumes coupled with the reduced cytotoxicity per unit volume of wear indicate the potential for the clinical application of this technology.
Zhang, Z & Braun, M 2003, 'Smoothness-based forces for deformable models: a long-range force and a corner fitting force', Computers in Biology and Medicine, vol. 33, no. 1, pp. 91-112.
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Zhou, X-P, Waite, KA, Pilarski, R, Hampel, H, Fernandez, MJ, Bos, C, Dasouki, M, Feldman, GL, Greenberg, LA, Ivanovich, J, Matloff, E, Patterson, A, Pierpont, ME, Russo, D, Nassif, NT & Eng, C 2003, 'Germline PTEN Promoter Mutations and Deletions in Cowden/Bannayan-Riley-Ruvalcaba Syndrome Result in Aberrant PTEN Protein and Dysregulation of the Phosphoinositol-3-Kinase/Akt Pathway', The American Journal of Human Genetics, vol. 73, no. 2, pp. 404-411.
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Germline intragenic mutations in PTEN are associated with 80% of patients with Cowden syndrome (CS) and 60% of patients with Bannayan-Riley-Ruvalcaba syndrome (BRRS). The underlying genetic causes remain to be determined in a considerable proportion of classic CS and BRRS without a polymerase chain reaction (PCR)detectable PTEN mutation. We hypothesized that gross gene deletions and mutations in the PTEN promoter might alternatively account for a subset of apparently mutation-negative patients with CS and BRRS. Using real time and multiplex PCR techniques, we identified three germline hemizygous PTEN deletions in 122 apparently mutationnegative patients with classic CS (N=95) or BRRS (N=27). Fine mapping suggested that one deletion encompassed the whole gene and the other two included exon 1 and encompassed exons 1-5 of PTEN, respectively. Two patients with the deletion were diagnosed with BRRS, and one patient with the deletion was diagnosed with BRRS/CS overlap (features of both).
Bernard, M-H, Sidhu, S, Berger, N, Peix, J-L, Marsh, DJ, Robinson, BG, Gaston, V, Le Bouc, Y & Gicquel, C 1970, 'A Case Report in Favor of a Multistep Adrenocortical Tumorigenesis', The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, The Endocrine Society, pp. 998-1001.
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Clarke, I, Green, DD, Pezzotti, G, Sakakura, S & Ben-Nissan, B 1970, 'The bio-lubrication phenomena (proteins) may control the wear performance of zirconia hip joints', Ceramic Transactions, 105th Annual Meeting of the American Ceramic Society, The American Ceramic Society, Nashvile, USA, pp. 155-167.
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Zirconia in simulator wear tests was compared with standard serum lubrication and a water-lubricated mode. Zirconia balls pre-aged to provide 5% and 40% monoclinic phase on the surfaces were selected and then tested in serum lubricant. Cyclical weight variations indicated towards some form of surface contamination, likely coming from the serum. The steady-state wear for the intentionally 5% and 40% transformed zirconia balls averaged 0.017 mg/Mc and 0.065 mg/Mc, respectively. While the wear trends were high, there was no evidence of catastrophic wear.
Clarke, IC, Pezzotti, G, Sakakura, S & Ben-Nissan, B 1970, 'Bio-lubrication phenomena affect residual stresses and phases of zirconia implants', Key Engineering Materials, Bioceramics 15, Trans Tech Publications Ltd, Sydney, Australia, pp. 781-784.
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In hip simulation studies, zirconia fails in water and saline but survive in calf serum environments at specific protein concentrations. Until now there has not been a theoretical basis for explaining this behaviour. Here we present for the first time a body of microstructural evidences based on Raman microprobe spectroscopy, which clarify the origin of this different behaviour. Microscopic maps of residual stresses and localised phase transformation from tetragonal to monoclinic are presented. These findings provide the theoretical basis for better understanding wear phenomena in zirconia and to establish the structural and micromechanical reasons for their superior behavior in physiologic environments.
Coutts, AJ, Reaburn, P, Murphy, AJ, Watsford, ML & Spurrs, RW 1970, 'Changes in physiological characteristics of semi-professional rugby league players in relation to training load: a case study', 2003 Australian Conference of Science and Medicine in Sport, Sports Medicine Australia, Canberra, pp. 37-37.
Coutts, AJ, Reaburn, P, Piva, T, Ronsell, G & Murphy, AJ 1970, 'Predictors of VO2max changes during periods of intense training in rugby league players', World Congress on Science and Football 5, Editorila Gymnos, Lisbon, Portugal.
Darcy, SA 1970, 'Barrier free tourism in the Asia-Pacific region', Asia Pacific Tourism Association 9th Annual conference - Current Research, Future Strategies, Bridging Uncertainty, Univeristy of Technology, Sydney, Sydney, pp. 857-857.
Darcy, SA 1970, 'Disabling journeys: the tourism patterns of people with impairments in Australia', Riding the Wave of Tourism and Hospitality Research - Proceedings of the Council of Australian University Tourism and Hospitality Education Conference, Council for Australian University Tourism and Hospitality Education annual conference, Southern Cross University, Coffs Harbour, Australia, pp. 1-9.
Darcy, SA 1970, 'Disablity, community and citizenship', Making Connections: NSW Premier's forum on spinal cord injury and conditions, --, Sydney.
Darcy, SA 1970, 'Superman's flying visit: special event planning for people with disabilities at the making connections spinal forum', 6th ANZALS Biennial Conference: Leisure, Change and Diversity, --, Sydney.
Dascombe, BJ, Reaburn, P, Arnold, T & Coutts, AJ 1970, 'Physiological responses of sub-elite rugby referees during representation match plan', 2003 Australian Conference of Science and Medicine in Sport, Sports Medicine Australia, Canberra, pp. 30-30.
De Abreu Lourenco, R 1970, 'A study of cancer patients’ preferences for type and location of bisphosphonate infusions', ). The American Society of Clinical Oncology. 39th Annual Meeting, Chicago Illinois.
De Abreu Lourenco, R 1970, 'Factors considered in pharmaceutical reimbursement in Australia: A role for the rule of rescue?', ISPOR First Asia Pacific Conference., Kobe, Japan.
De Abreu Lourenco, R 1970, 'Impact of different bisphosphonate infusions on patients’ preference and clinic use', European Winter Oncology Conference, Flims, Switzerland.
De Abreu Lourenco, R 1970, 'The cost-effectiveness of imatinib for the treatment of patients with gastrointestinal stromal tumours.', ISPOR First Asia Pacific Conference, Kobe, Japan.
Eager, D 1970, 'A Study Into LDPE as an Undersurfacing Material for Injury Prevention and Risk Minimisation in Children’s Playgrounds', Engineering/Technology Management: Safety Engineering and Risk Analysis, Technology and Society, Engineering Business Management, and Homeland Security, ASME 2003 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition, ASMEDC, Washington DC, USA, pp. 1-9.
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Low Density Polyethylene (LDPE) closed-cell foam is used extensively as an impact absorbing material for injury prevention and risk minimisation in a variety of applications, including children’s playground undersurfacing, padding for trampoline frames, and other fall zones. This paper presents and analyses the data from numerous impact tests performed on samples of LDPE of select different product thicknesses (10, 20, 30 and 40 mm), nominal Relative Densities (30, 45, 60 and 75 kg/m3) and drops or free height of fall (100 mm steps in heights from 300 to 2100 mm). The impact absorption properties of LDPE are characterized using the Australian and New Zealand Standard AS/NZS 4422: Playground Surfacing — Specifications, Requirements and Test Method. The gmax and HIC results are presented both graphically and numerically. This paper also discusses uses and limitations of LDPE with particular emphasis on injury prevention and risk minimisation.
Grbich, C, Maddocks, I, Parker, D, Piller, N, Brown, M, Willis, E & Connellan, P 1970, 'What do we Mean by Palliative Care in Residential Aged Care Facilities', AUSTRALASIAN JOURNAL ON AGEING, WILEY-BLACKWELL, pp. 19-20.
Guo, Y, Zhu, J, Watterson, PA & Wu, W 1970, 'Design and Analysis of a Three-Phase Three-Stack Claw Pole Permanent Magnet Motor with SMC Stator', Australasian Universities Power Engineering Conference, Australasian Universitites Power Engineering Conference, University of Canterbury, New Zealand, Christchurch, New Zealand, pp. 85-90.
Guo, Y, Zhu, J, Zhong, J, Watterson, PA & Wu, W 1970, 'An Improved Method for Predicting Iron Losses in SMC Electrical Machines', Proceedings of the 11th International Symposium on Applied Electromagnetic and Mechanics, The 11th International Symposium on Applied Electomagnetics and Mechanics, Technical Committee of the International Symposium on Applied Electromagnetic and Mechanics, Versailles, France, pp. 78-79.
Guo, Y, Zhu, JG, Watterson, PA & Wu, W 1970, 'Design and analysis of a transverse flux machine with soft magnetic composite core', ICEMS 2003 - Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Electrical Machines and Systems, International Conference on Electrical Machines and Systems, International Academic Publishers/World Publishing Corporation, Beijing, China, pp. 153-157.
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This paper presents the design and performance analysis of a three phase, three stack permanent magnet transverse flux motor with soft magnetic composite core. To predict and optimize the major parameters, three-dimensional finite element analysis is performed. The performance is calculated when the motor operates with a brushless DC drive.
Guo, YG, Zhu, JG, Watterson, PA, Holliday, WM & Wu, W 1970, 'Improved design and performance analysis of a claw pole permanent SMC motor with sensorless brushless DC drive', The Fifth International Conference on Power Electronics and Drive Systems, 2003. PEDS 2003., Fifth International Conference on Power Electronics and Drive Systems, IEEE, Singapore, pp. 704-709.
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Hoang, DB & Li, M 1970, 'Fair Intelligent Congestion Control over DiffServ: A Resource Discovery and Control Scheme for DiffServ', Proceedings of the 2003 International Conference on Information and Communication Technologies (ICT 2003), International Conference on Information and Communication Technologies, Assumption Univeristy,Bangkok, Bangkok, Thailand, pp. 354-359.
Hoang, DB, Yousef, B, Rogers, G & IEEE 1970, 'The design of a secure, extensible, and deployable-programmable network platform', ICON 2003: 11TH IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON NETWORKS, IEEE International Conference on Networks, IEEE, Sydney, Australia, pp. 63-68.
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Active networks present a novel approach to network customization and service deployment. However, they introduce serious security, scalability, and performance compromises at the heart of networks that render their use onto commercial platforms impractical. In this paper, we present a programmable architecture that is capable of deployment onto commercial platforms, while providing service accommodation with secure user separation in an extensible control plane and verified access to a realtime forwarding plane. We envision the architecture as an enabling framework that facilitates the transfer of programmable network technology to the real world.
Hoang, DB, Yu, Q, Li, M & Feng, DD 1970, 'Fair intelligent congestion control resource discovery protocol on TCP based network', CONVERGED NETWORKING: DATA AND REAL-TIME COMMUNICATIONS OVER IP, 6TH International Symposium on Communications Internetworking, Kluwer Publishers, Perth, Australia, pp. 145-159.
Hong Zhou & Doan Hoang 1970, 'Analysing quality of service performance in packet-switched networks', 9th Asia-Pacific Conference on Communications (IEEE Cat. No.03EX732), 9th Asia-Pacific Conference on Communications, IEEE, pp. 1111-1114.
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© 2003 IEEE. Starting from the principle of delay constancy requirements of quality of service (QoS) for real-time applications, this paper defines a framework for analysing both the statistical and deterministic end-to-end delay performance in packet switched networks. The framework is based on a novel general queueing model and virtual session server. The paper shows that overall variable packet delay can be decomposed into three separate components; each characterizes and isolates specific factors that constitute the delay components. This separation allows us to derive an expression for the end-to-end delay bound in a packet switched networks of arbitrary topology.
Innes, JK, Vago, R & Ben-Nissan, B 1970, 'Hydrothermal Conversion and Sol-Gel Coating of Red Sea Coral', Key Engineering Materials, Bioceramics 15, Trans Tech Publications, Ltd., Sydney, Australia, pp. 43-46.
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A new species, which was found and cloned under field and laboratory condition at the Red Sea, was used in the present study. Specific high density Red Sea coral was used for analysis. A modified and improved hydrothermal conversion process was used to convert the hydrocorals from calcium carbonate to HAp. The effects of the hydrothermal conversion on the pore size and the surface morphology of HAp structure have been studied using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). After the hydrothermal conversions the samples were further dip-coated via a new alkoxide sol-gel method and were examined to determine the surface parameters and morphology. It is anticipated that following the hydrothermal conversion and processing this new high density calcium phosphate coralline material can be used as a new bioceramic material in medical applications.
Lam, HK, Ling, SH, Leung, FHF, Tam, PKS & Lee, Y 1970, 'Gain estimation for an AC power line data network transmitter using a neural-fuzzy network and an improved genetic algorithm', PROCEEDINGS OF THE 12TH IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON FUZZY SYSTEMS, VOLS 1 AND 2, 12th IEEE International Conference on Fuzzy Systems, IEEE, ST LOUIS, MO, pp. 167-172.
Lavian, T, Wang, P, Durairaj, R, Hoang, D & Travostino, F 1970, 'Edge device multi-unicasting for video streaming', 10th International Conference on Telecommunications, 2003. ICT 2003., 10th International Conference on Telecommunication. ICT'2003. Conference Proceedings, IEEE, Tahiti, French Polynesia, pp. 1441-1447.
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After a decade of research and development, IP multicast has still not been deployed widely in the global Internet due to many open technical issues: lack of admission control, poorly scaled with large number of groups, and requiring substantial infrastructure modifications. To provide the benefits of IP multicast without requiring direct router support of the presence of a physical broadcast medium, various application level multicast (ALM) models have been attempted. However, there are still several problems with ALM: unnecessary coupling between an application and its multicasting supports, bottleneck problem at network access links and considerable processing power required at the end nodes to support ALM mechanisms. This paper proposes an architecture to address these problems by delegating application-multicasting support mechanisms to smart edge devices associated with the application end nodes. The architecture gives rise to an interesting edge device any-casting technology that lies between the IP-multicasting and the application layer multicasting and enjoys the benefits of both. Furthermore, the architecture may provide sufficient cost-benefit for adoption by service providers. The paper presents initial results obtained from the implementation of a video streaming application over the testbed that implements the proposed architecture.
Li, M & Hoang, DB 1970, 'Achieving Flow Fairness in DiffServ Class: Per-Flow Fair Admission Control over Differentiated Service Network', Proceedings of the ACIS Fourth Intrnational Conference on Software Engineering, Artificial Intelligence, Networking and Parallel/Distributed Compting (SNPD'03), International Conference on Software Engineering, Artificial Intelligence, Networking and Parallel/Distributed Computing, International Association for Computer and Information Science (ACIS), Lubeck, Germany, pp. 55-61.
Li, M, Hoang, DB, Simmonds, AJ & IEEE 1970, 'Fair intelligent admission control over DiffServ network', ICON 2003: 11TH IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON NETWORKS, IEEE International Conference on Networks, IEEE, Sydney, Australia, pp. 501-506.
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Ling, SH, Lam, HK, Leung, FHF, Lee, YS & IEEE 1970, 'A genetic algorithm based variable structure Neural Network', IECON'03: THE 29TH ANNUAL CONFERENCE OF THE IEEE INDUSTRIAL ELECTRONICS SOCIETY, VOLS 1 - 3, PROCEEDINGS, 29th Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial-Electronics-Society, IEEE, Roanoke, VA, pp. 436-441.
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Ling, SH, Lam, HK, Leung, FHF, Lee, YS & IEEE 1970, 'Improved genetic algorithm for economic load dispatch with valve-point loadings', IECON'03: THE 29TH ANNUAL CONFERENCE OF THE IEEE INDUSTRIAL ELECTRONICS SOCIETY, VOLS 1 - 3, PROCEEDINGS, 29th Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial-Electronics-Society, IEEE, Roanoke, VA, pp. 442-447.
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Martinez-Coll, A, Papacosta, C & Nguyen, H 1970, 'Surface electromyography (sEMG) of the sternocleidomastoid (SCM) muscle for variable control using head movement technology', Proceedings of the 25th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (IEEE Cat. No.03CH37439), 25th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, IEEE, Cancun, Mexico, pp. 1598-1601.
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We have explored the feasibility of an alternative strategy using biological signals such as sEMG of the sternocleidomastoid muscle (SCM) for variable control of our head movement system. Seven volunteers were instrumented with bilateral sEMG sensors on the SCM. Basic neck movements of lateral tilts and graded head rotations were performed. Data were normalized as a percentage of maximum voluntary contractions (MVC) for right and left sides, respectively. The contribution from ipsilateral sEMG signal as percentage of full-range was ?75% for left and 55% for right head tilts. During head rotations at 30, 45, and 60° to both sides, results for sEMG signal amplitude as a percentage of MVC showed excellent reproducibility of the contralateral SCM at approximately 10%, 18%, and 32% on both sides. Despite the small number of subjects for a thorough statistical analysis, no differences exist in t-tests between sEMG (as % of MVC) right and left sides during head rotation; however, differences do exist for each level of rotation (p<0.01). Head rotation provided the most consistent sEMG signal correlation with the degree of motion in all subjects, allowing for reproducible proportional control for our head movement technology.
Martinez-Coll, A, Papacosta, C & Nguyen, HT 1970, 'Feasibility of Bilateral Sternoceleidomastoid (SCM) Surface Electromyography (sEMG) for Variable Control of Powered Wheelchair Using Head Movement Technology', Proceedings of the World Congress on Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, World Congress on Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, World Congress on Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Sydney, Australia, pp. 0-0.
Martinez-Coll, AA, Morgan, MK & Nguyen, HT 1970, 'Near Infrared Spectroscopy (NIRS) Measurements During Global Cerebral Ischemia in Sheep', Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology: Oxygen Transport to Tissue XXIII, Oxygen Transport to Tissue, Springer US, Philadelphia, USA, pp. 349-354.
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Milev, A, Kannangara, GSK & Ben-Nissan, B 1970, 'Morphological stability of plate-like hydroxyapatite', Key Engineering Materials, Bioceramics 15, Trans Tech Publications, Ltd., Sydney, Australia, pp. 481-484.
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Monophasic (without any detectable levels of β-TCP or CaO) hydroxyapatite powders were produced via sol-gel method. The thermal crystallization behaviour was studied by means of differential thermal analysis, mass spectrometry, FT-IR, X-ray analysis and scanning electron microscopy. The plate-like morphology observed in the crystalline hydroxyapatite precursor at 130°C resulted in plate-like hydroxyapatite after higher temperature treatment.
Mitchell, RA, Nguyen, HT, Thornton, BS, Hung, WT, Lee, W, Rickard, M & IEEE 1970, 'Faster image dendrogram creation: An efficient algorithm for the detection of tumours in digital mammography', PROCEEDINGS OF THE 25TH ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF THE IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY, VOLS 1-4, Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, IEEE, Cancun, Mexico, pp. 714-716.
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Dendronic image analysis has been shown to provide a robust technique in the detection of tumours within digital mammograms. It provides the capability of fully automated image analysis through hierarchical segmentation. However, its general acceptance in image analysis has not been realised due to computational intensity in creating the image dendrogram. We have developed an efficient technique that can create image dendrograms a great deal faster than traditional repetitive segmentation algorithms, making dendronic analysis of digital mammograms a viable tool in the detection of breast cancer.
Murphy, AJ, Lockie, RG & Coutts, AJ 1970, 'Determinants of early acceleration in field sport athletes', Sport Medicine Australia Conference 2003, Sports Medicine Australia, Canberra.
Nguyen, C, Hoang, DB & Symvonis, A 1970, 'Multi-level caching with delayed-multicast for video-on-demand', Proceedings of the IASTED International Conference on Internet and Multimedia Systems and Applications, IASTED International Conference on Internet and Multimedia Systems and Applications, ACTA Press, Honolulu, USA, pp. 699-705.
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Delayed-Multicast is a novel transmission technique to support Video-on-Demand. It introduces buffers within the network to bridge the temporal delays between similar requests thus minimizing the aggregate bandwidth and server load. This paper introduces an improved online algorithm for resource allocation with Delayed-Multicast by utilizing prior knowledge of each clip's popularity. The algorithm is intended to be simple so as to allow for deployment at multiple levels in a distribution network. The result is greater backbone traffic savings and a corresponding reduction in the server load.
Nguyen, HT, Knight, G & Ekanayake, SR 1970, 'Telemetric Head Movement Control of Powered Wheelchair', Proceedings of the World Congress on Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, World Congress on Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, World Congress on Medical Physics & Biomedical, Sydney, Australia, pp. 0-0.
Nguyen, V, Ha, QP & Nguyen, HT 1970, 'A Chattering-Free Variable Structure Controller for Tracking of Robotic Manipulators', Proceedings of The Australian Conference on Robotics and Automation (ACRA 2003), Australasian Conference on Robotics and Automation, ARAA Australian Robotics and Automation Association, Brisbane, Australia, pp. 1-6.
Rozyn, MK, Wilson, NJ, Andrews, M, Eager, DM & Clout, RB 1970, 'HOMER - A High Speed Robot For Indoor Exploration', Australian Robotics & Automation Association, Australasian Conference on Robotics and Automation, Australian Robotics & Automation Association, Brisbane, Australia, pp. 1-9.
Ruta, D & Gabrys, B 1970, 'Physical field models for pattern classification', Soft Computing - A Fusion of Foundations, Methodologies and Applications, 1st International Conference on Computing in an Imperfect World (SOFT-WARE 2002), Springer Science and Business Media LLC, BELFAST, NORTH IRELAND, pp. 126-141.
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Samali, B, Djajakesukma, S, Nguyen, HT & Li, J 1970, 'An Experimental Study of a Five Storey Steel Frame Using Semi-active Control System', Proceedings of the 10th Asia Pacific Vibration Conference, Asia Pacific Vibration Conference, Queensland University of Technology, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia, pp. 604-609.
Speer, N, Merz, P, Spieth, C & Zell, A 1970, 'Clustering gene expression data with memetic algorithms based on minimum spanning trees', The 2003 Congress on Evolutionary Computation, 2003. CEC '03., The 2003 Congress on Evolutionary Computation, 2003. CEC '03., IEEE, Canberra, Australia, pp. 181-198.
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With the invention of microarray technology, researchers are capable of measuring the expression levels of ten thousands of genes in parallel at various time points of the biological process. During the investigation of gene regulatory networks and general cellular mechanisms, biologists are attempting to group genes based on the time-depending pattern of the obtained expression levels. In this paper, we propose a new memetic algorithm - a genetic algorithm combined with local search-based on a tree representation of the data - a minimum spanning tree minus; for clustering gene expression data. The combination of both concepts is shown to find near-optimal solutions quickly. Due to the minimum spanning tree representation of the data, our algorithm is capable of finding clusters of different shapes. We show that our approach is superior in solution quality compared to classical clustering methods.
Stewart, TD, Williams, S, Tipper, JL, Ingham, E, Stone, MH & Fisher, J 1970, 'Advances in simulator testing of orthopaedic joint prostheses', TRIBOLOGICAL RESEARCH AND DESIGN FOR ENGINEERING SYSTEMS, 29th Leeds-Lyon Symposium on Tribology, Elsevier, UNIV LEEDS, BODINGTON HALL, LEEDS, ENGLAND, pp. 291-296.
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Taylor, PB & Nguyen, HT 1970, 'Performance of a head-movement interface for wheelchair control', Proceedings of the 25th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (IEEE Cat. No.03CH37439), 25th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, IEEE, Cancun, Mexico, pp. 1590-1593.
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Head movement has been used as a control interface for people with motor impairments in a range of applications. Chin operated joysticks and switch arrays have been incorporated in control systems for electric wheelchairs but have several disadvantages, including being difficult to operate and aesthetically unattractive. A prototype wheelchair control interface has been developed that makes use of an artificial neural network (ANN) to recognize commands given by head movement. This paper presents the results of an experimental investigation of the ANN's performance in terms of classification accuracy and delay. It goes on to compare the results of disabled with able-bodied users, and assesses the effect of providing real-time feedback to the user. The results obtained indicate that ANN techniques can be used to classify head movements sufficiently quickly and accurately to be used in a practical interface. The provision of graphical real-time feedback does not appear to be crucial, but may be of benefit for particular cases.
Taylor, PW & Nguyen, HT 1970, 'Neural-Nework Classification of Head Control for Wheelchair Control', Proceedings of the World Congress on Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, World Congress on Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, IEAust, Sydney, Australia, pp. 0-0.
Watsford, ML, Murphy, AJ, Pine, MJ & Coutts, AJ 1970, 'The effect of specific respiratory muscle training on older females', Sports Medicine Australia Conference 2003, Sports Medicine Australia, Canberra.
Watterson, PA 1970, 'Design and control of brushless permanent magnet motors for constant power range with minimum inverter rating', ICEMS 2003 - Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Electrical Machines and Systems, International Conference on Electrical Machines and Systems, International Academic Publishers/Beijing World Publishing Corporation, Beijing, China, pp. 71-75.
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Flux-weakening of permanent magnet motors is commonly introduced above a base speed beyond which constant power is required. It is shown that lower inverter rating is achieved by also flux-weakening at the base speed. The motor should operate with equal currents and equal power factors at the extremes of the constant power range, with the current lagging the voltage at the base speed and leading the voltage at the maximum speed. Though arbitrarily high inverter utilisation is possible with high currents, it is suggested that a good compromise is to set the current advance angle at the base speed equal to the power angle there. For the broad constant power range limit, the resulting inverter rating is reduced by 23% compared to flux-weakening only above the base speed.
Wei, T, Ruys, A & Milthorpe, B 1970, 'Hydroxyapatite-zirconia functionally graded bioceramics prepared by hot isostatic pressing', BIOCERAMICS 15, 15th International Symposium on Ceramics in Medicine, TRANS TECH PUBLICATIONS LTD, UNIV TECHNOL, SYDNEY, AUSTRALIA, pp. 591-594.
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Williams, PA, Clarke, IC, Pezzotti, G, Green, DD & Ben-Nissan, B 1970, 'Water-lubrication effects on zirconia debris production in hip-joint simulators', Key Engineering Materials, Bioceramics 15, Trans Tech Publications, Ltd., Sydney, Australia, pp. 835-838.
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Little is known about the wear of zirconia-zirconia bearing systems for total joint replacements. In this study zirconia-zirconia specimens were run on a simulator with water lubrication. After catastrophic failure of the bearings, the lubricating fluid was filtered and the wear debris examined. The debris particles were larger than would be expected and exhibited a monoclinic structure. The wear surface showed signs of extensive delamination consistent with failure of the bearing surfaces. Water lubrication under hip simulator conditions results in rapid failure of zirconia surfaces. However, wear studies of zirconia-zirconia hip designs with serum lubrication to over twenty million cycles demonstrated little if any wear change of the bearing surfaces.
