Publications
Chapters
Alturki, R & Gay, V 2019, 'Augmented and Virtual Reality in Mobile Fitness Applications: A Survey' in Applications of Intelligent Technologies in Healthcare, Springer International Publishing, pp. 67-75.
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Obesity is a major issue around the world. It is the main reason for several chronic diseases. Obesity can be stopped by encouraging people to do physical activities and making behaviour intervention regarding lifestyle. Mobile fitness apps are emerging because of the unique features that are provided. They are seen as a vital tool to motivate people suffering from obesity to perform physical activities and make behaviour intervention regarding health and fitness. Augmented reality (AR) and virtual reality (VR) technologies have been used successfully in different kinds of mobile apps. This paper presents a systematic review of some of the most recent AG and VR researches in mobile apps. It discusses the main findings of applying both technologies in different fields of mobile apps. Based on this systematic review, a fitness mobile app for obese individuals that consider both AR and VR technology will be developed.
Ben-Nissan, B, Cazalbou, S & Choi, AH 2019, 'Bioceramics' in Encyclopedia of Biomedical Engineering, Elsevier, pp. 16-33.
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© 2019 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. During the last five decades, the capability to engineer or repair new functional tissues by using porous and monolithic ceramics has been a very effective approach to improve the quality of life of patients. Although the use of natural and synthetic materials in body reconstruction and repair goes back to pre-historic times their use have been accelerated considerable during the last few decades in both scientific research and clinical applications. Over the years, many questions concerning their interactions with both hard and soft tissues have been answered with multidisciplinary teams of surgeons, scientists, and engineers. Since 1970s monolithic ceramics such as alumina and partially stabilized zirconia, silicon nitride and sialon ceramics have been used and investigated clinically. Ceramics can be both inert and modified to be bioactive, they have good wettability hence ideal for lubrication under articulating conditions and they have high wear resistance. Although pure zirconia or PSZ is not currently used commercially, alumina and mixtures and their composites with zirconia have been clinically applied widely. In addition a number of clinical glasses such as Bioglass® and other similar compositions are being also used for bone augmentation and restoration in orthopedic, dental and maxillofacial surgery. They have proved to be efficient and effective and in some instances even much better than current metal prostheses. Calcium phosphates, although arguably most important bioceramic in most cases, is used in porous form and it is not covered in this article which was aimed to be on monolithic bioceramics. It is our aim in this article to present the development of these important monolithic bioceramics focusing on the history, synthesis, properties and the current development in clinical applications.
Ben-Nissan, B, Choi, AH & Green, DW 2019, 'Marine Derived Biomaterials for Bone Regeneration and Tissue Engineering: Learning from Nature' in Springer Series in Biomaterials Science and Engineering, Springer Singapore, Switzerland, pp. 51-78.
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Marine structures, biogenic materials, and biomimetic approaches applied to the fabrication of advanced biomaterials and implants are used to address the shortcomings of existing scaffold designs that are biologically un-responsive throughout the regeneration process and lack necessary versatility. Bioactive ceramics converted from biostructures or natural marine-based materials such as corals, sea urchin, sponges and shells are being designed into functional scaffolds that can adapt and evolve to changing environment during regeneration process. They can regulate cell responses at nanostructured surfaces, and as modules for self-assembling by the patient’s own cells and as smart devices that possess tissue specific homing capabilities. These natural structures can be converted to bioactive ceramics such as hydroxyapatite to assist osseointegration. This chapter covers biomimicry, evolution of marine structures, and their specific use and current research on natural materials such as coral, sponge, sea urchin, sponge nacre, and foraminifera as models and raw materials for bioactive bone scaffolding materials and tissue engineering.
Ben-Nissan, B, Choi, AH, Green, DW, Karacan, I, Akyol, S & Cazalbou, S 2019, 'Thoughts and Tribulations on Bioceramics and Marine Structures' in Springer Series in Biomaterials Science and Engineering, Springer Singapore, pp. 1-25.
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Chen, H, Chan, YL, Oliver, BG, Pollock, CA & Saad, S 2019, 'Maternal Smoking and Fetal Brain Outcome: Mechanisms and Possible Solutions' in Preedy, V (ed), Neuroscience of Nicotine, Elsevier, New York, pp. 9-16.
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Although it is well known that maternal cigarette smoke exposure (SE) is detrimental to the health of children, more than 20% of women continue to smoke during pregnancy. Children exposed to maternal smoking in utero have changes in their brain structure and size, often accompanied by cognitive defects. This may be due to increased brain oxidative stress and inflammatory response in the neonatal period, leading to neuron damage in adulthood. The mitochondria, a major source of cellular oxidative stress, are particularly vulnerable to the damage caused by the free radicals they produce. Interestingly, the female offspring seem to be protected by such adverse impact of maternal smoking. This chapter will specifically review the changes in brain inflammation and oxidative stress and the mechanism of mitophagy machinery. Potential therapeutic strategies will be suggested to mitigate the impact of maternal smoking.
Choi, AH & Ben-Nissan, B 2019, 'Marine-Derived Biomaterials for Tissue Engineering Applications' in Marine-Derived Biomaterials for Tissue Engineering Applications, Springer, pp. 99-111.
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This book presents the latest advances in marine structures and related biomaterials for applications in both soft- and hard-tissue engineering, as well as controlled drug delivery.
Coutts, A, Hocking, J & Bilsborough, J 2019, 'Australian Football', Human Kinetics, pp. 393-410.
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DiGiacomo, M, Kochovska, S, Cahill, P, Virdun, C & Phillips, JL 2019, 'Family-Focused Care Span' in Textbook of Palliative Care, Springer International Publishing, pp. 779-797.
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Hansen, T, Saleh, S, Figtree, GA & Gentile, C 2019, 'The Role of Redox Signalling in Cardiovascular Regeneration' in Oxidative Stress in Heart Diseases, Springer Singapore, pp. 19-37.
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© Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2019. Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a major public health problem, particularly in the industrialised world, with diverse causes. Central to these underlying aetiologies is a progressive loss of functional cardiomyocytes, maladaptive remodelling, and resultant cardiac dysfunction. The ageing heart is characterised by perturbations in numerous signalling pathways, impairing its ability to repair and replace injured cardiomyocytes. This is caused at least in part by dysregulation of redox signalling- both in regard to production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and disruption of cellular protective mechanisms. Cardiac regeneration is one area of particular therapeutic promise, which seeks to ameliorate cardiac function by either (1) direct application of stem cells, (2) modification of molecular signalling pathways to restore the endogenous reparative capacity of the heart, or (3) a combination of these two approaches. Unravelling these molecular and cellular signalling pathways is paramount to unlocking the potential of cardiac regenerative therapies, and theoretically revolutionising the medical management of patients with heart failure. In this chapter, we will review the role of oxidative stress in cardiovascular disease, and the pathophysiological molecular signalling pathways that are involved in the transition from young to ageing heart. We will then provide an overview of the molecular therapies that are used to target these pathways to enhance heart regeneration, future directions involving cellular and novel ‘bio-printing’ based approaches, in addition to current promising clinical trials.
Karacan, I, Ben-Nissan, B & Sinutok, S 2019, 'Marine-Based Calcium Phosphates from Hard Coral and Calcified Algae for Biomedical Applications' in Springer Series in Biomaterials Science and Engineering, Springer Singapore, Switzerland, pp. 137-153.
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The materials that are developed from the different kind of marine organisms have a broad range of properties and characteristics that can explain their potential functions in the biomedical area. Accordingly, new opportunities are created by biomaterials produced from marine-based sources such as calcium phosphate-based bioceramics, composites, and polymers within the biomedical fields such as new drug delivery systems, the design of novel implantable devices, and various applications in tissue engineering. The major aim of this chapter is to explain the importance of marine structures applicable for biomedical applications as well as choosing the appropriate conversion technique in order to obtain designs and structures best suited for their intended use. Therefore, we will highlight various conversion techniques used in the synthesis of calcium phosphate bioceramics from various marine sources such as Tubipora musica , Foraminifera , Porites Hard Corals and Halimeda cylindracea calcified algae, and their biomedical applications in this chapter.
Kulasinghe, A, Warkiani, ME & Punyadeera, C 2019, 'The Isolation and Characterization of Circulating Tumor Cells from Head and Neck Cancer Patient Blood Samples Using Spiral Microfluidic Technology' in Methods in Molecular Biology, Springer New York, pp. 129-136.
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Metastasis is responsible for 90% of cancer-related deaths. The study of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) enables the study of the units of disease responsible for the process of metastasis. While the biology of the primary tissue is relatively known, little is understood about the cells en route to distant sites. Here we describe the isolation of CTCs using the spiral microfluidic technology for the efficient sorting of CTCs from head and neck cancer (HNC) patient blood samples. Furthermore, the molecular characterization of CTCs can aid in stratifying patients for targeted therapy such as immunotherapy, which is having a profound impact in the treatment of metastatic HNC.
Macha, IJ, Ben-Nissan, B, Müller, WH & Cazalbou, S 2019, 'Marine Nanopharmaceuticals for Drug Delivery and Targeting' in Springer Series in Biomaterials Science and Engineering, Springer Singapore, pp. 207-221.
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Oliver, BGG 2019, 'Techniques for detection and research' in Rhinovirus Infections, Elsevier, pp. 265-283.
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© 2019 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. This chapter contains practical concepts pertaining to the sampling of the upper and lower airways for human rhinovirus.
Phillips, JL & Currow, D 2019, 'Challenges and Future Directions of Palliative Care' in Textbook of Palliative Care, Springer International Publishing, pp. 111-130.
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Phillips, JL, Virdun, C, Bhattarai, P & Fraser, C 2019, 'Nursing and Palliative Care' in Textbook of Palliative Care, Springer International Publishing, pp. 541-555.
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Rickert, W, Morozova, A, Müller, WH, Vilchevskaya, EN, Ben-Nissan, B & Macha, I 2019, 'Drug Delivery from Polymer-Based Nanopharmaceuticals—Simulations of Selected Diffusion Processes' in Advanced Structured Materials, Springer International Publishing, Switzerland, pp. 207-226.
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© 2019, Springer Nature Switzerland AG. Knowledge about the release behavior of drugs into the human body is essential for correct long-term medication. This paper complements a previous work by providing details of the numerical methods that were used before. Therefore, we shortly explain the experimental setup and state the governing equations. For the numerical solution, two different methods, the finite element method and the finite volume technique, are used. In addition, three different boundary conditions are employed: Dirichlet conditions and classical as well as non-classical convection Robin-type boundary conditions.
Slattery, K & Coutts, AJ 2019, 'The Application of Heat Stress to Team Sports: Football/Soccer, Australian Football and Rugby' in Heat Stress in Sport and Exercise, Springer International Publishing, Switzerland, pp. 181-202.
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This chapter addresses how an added heat stress affects football, Australian football and rugby players during both training and competition. Although these sports are typically played in the cooler winter months, players can still be exposed to hot conditions and this may affect health and performance. It is therefore important to understand how an increased thermal load influences the tactical, technical, physical and psychological constructs that contribute to team sport performance. A review of the literature shows that players modify their physical activity patterns in the heat. This preserves the capacity to maintain technical skills, tactical awareness and perform explosive, high-intensity efforts when required. Nonetheless, players should still be prepared to tolerate the heat from both a performance and health perspective. Practical recommendations for heat acclimatisation, hydration and cooling strategies are provided in line with the current research and each code’s respective heat policy. As the information to date on heat stress in football, Australian football and rugby is based on a relatively small number of studies, further investigation is required to confirm these initial findings, optimise performance in hot conditions and protect players from the adverse effects of heat stress.
Stratton-Powell, AA, Pasko, KM, Lal, S, Brockett, CL & Tipper, JL 2019, 'Biologic Responses to Polyetheretherketone (PEEK) Wear Particles' in Kurtz, SM (ed), PEEK Biomaterials Handbook, Elsevier, Cambridge MA, pp. 367-384.
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The biological response to wear particles is associated with failure and decreased longevity of total joint replacements. Particles in the size range of 0.1–10 μm are considered the most biologically reactive, particularly submicron-sized polymer particles. In bulk form, polyetheretherketone (PEEK) composites are generally considered to be biocompatible. In particulate form, however, the biological response remains unclear, with limited in vitro and in vivo studies defining the cellular reactions to particulates. Only three studies to date have analyzed retrieved periprosthetic human tissue samples to characterize the response to PEEK wear particles. In one study, PEEK particles were observed within macrophages, however, multinucleated giant cells were not present. In two other studies, rod-like carbon particulates and granular-shaped PEEK particles were identified in human tissue by histological analysis. A number of studies have quantified PEEK particles produced from PEEK bearings in joint replacement simulators. The mean particle size (i.e., Feret’s diameter) was reported to be between 0.23 and 2.0 μm, with a range of 0.01–50 μm. In vivo the biological response to PEEK-based particles was reported to be similar to ultrahigh-molecular-weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) particles. Inflammatory cytokine release [e.g., tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF)-α] was identified in more than one study without affecting macrophage viability. Only one study has investigated the effects of particle size on cytotoxicity and cytokine release and found unfilled PEEK particles (~ 13 μm) to have a toxic effect; UHMWPE particles in the same size range showed a similar cytotoxic effect. Further research is required to isolate and characterize PEEK-based particles from retrieved human tissue and, to elucidate the effect of particle characteristics, size, and dose on the biological response in both spinal and synovial joint models.
Wadhwa, R, Aggarwal, T, Thapliyal, N, Chellappan, DK, Gupta, G, Gulati, M, Collet, T, Oliver, B, Williams, K, Hansbro, PM, Dua, K & Maurya, PK 2019, 'Nanoparticle-Based Drug Delivery for Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disorder and Asthma' in Nanotechnology in Modern Animal Biotechnology, Elsevier, The Netherlands, pp. 59-73.
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Pulmonary diseases including chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and asthma affect millions of people all over the world. Conventional treatment methodologies are not sufficient to cure or prevent the disease. With the advent of nanotechnology, drug delivery to specific target site is still challenging, but targeted delivery can be achieved by physiochemical properties of the nanoparticles. Delivery of nanoparticles, liposomes, dendrimers, and others has been extensively studied for successful delivery by inhalation and aerosols. Several factors such as size, density, surface, and physical-chemical properties of nanoparticle are essential to cross airway barriers. In this chapter, different nanoparticle-mediated drug delivery systems have been highlighted along with their applications and toxicity in COPD and asthma.
Wadhwa, R, Shukla, SD, Chellappan, DK, Gupta, G, Collet, T, Hansbro, N, Oliver, B, Williams, K, Hansbro, PM, Dua, K & Maurya, PK 2019, 'Phytotherapy in Inflammatory Lung Diseases: An Emerging Therapeutic Interventional Approach' in Phytochemistry: An in-silico and in-vitro Update, Springer Singapore, Singapore, pp. 331-347.
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Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and asthma are the most common inflammatory respiratory diseases related to an increase in mortality and morbidity. Generally, bronchodilators, ß- agonists, anticholinergics and theophylline used for treatment in these conditions and administered by inhalation for delivery, have localized and systematic effects. The adverse effects are due to pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic changes and especially drug-drug and drug-disease interactions. However, phytotherapy is classical and widespread throughout the world for the treatment of ailments. This chapter highlights cellular and molecular mediators involved in COPD and asthma, the shortcomings of current therapies and the emerging need of phytomedicines. Phytomedicine supports respiratory physiology, bronchial action and possesses antioxidants to maintain homeostasis.
Watson, K, Lewis, J & Parker, D 2019, 'Communicating with older people' in Critical Conversations for Patient Safety An Essential Guide for Healthcare Students, pp. 138-150.
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A practical text designed for all health professionals.
Journal articles
Abbasi, QH, Kiourti, A, Heidari, H, He, Y, Warkiani, M & Alomainy, A 2019, 'IEEE Access Special Section Editorial: Wearable and Implantable Devices and Systems', IEEE Access, vol. 7, pp. 139512-139517.
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© 2013 IEEE. Circuit techniques, sensors, antennas and communications systems are envisioned to help build new technologies over the next several years. Advances in the development and implementation of such technologies have already shown us their unique potential in realizing next-generation sensing systems. Applications include wearable consumer electronics, healthcare monitoring systems, and soft robotics, as well as wireless implants. There have been some interesting developments in the areas of circuits and systems, involving studies related to low-power electronics, wireless sensor networks, wearable circuit behaviour, security, real-time monitoring, connectivity of sensors, and Internet of Things (IoT). The direction for the current technology is electronics systems on large area electronics, integrated implantable systems and wearable sensors. So far, the research in the field has focused on materials, new processing techniques and one-off devices, such as diodes and transistors. However, current technology is not sufficient for future electronics to be useful in new applications; a great demand exists to scale up the research towards circuits and systems. Recent developments indicate that, in addition to fabrication technology, special attention should also be given to design, simulation and modeling of electronics, while keeping sensing system integration, power management, and sensors network under consideration.
Ajuyah, P, Hill, M, Ahadi, A, Lu, J, Hutvagner, G & Tran, N 2019, 'MicroRNA (miRNA)-to-miRNA Regulation of Programmed Cell Death 4 (PDCD4)', Molecular and Cellular Biology, vol. 39, no. 18, pp. 1-15.
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Copyright © 2019 Ajuyah et al. The regulation of tumor suppressor genes by microRNAs (miRNAs) is often demonstrated as a one-miRNA-to-one-target relationship. However, given the large number of miRNA sites within a 3= untranslated region (UTR), most targets likely undergo miRNA cooperation or combinatorial action. Programmed cell death 4 (PDCD4), an important tumor suppressor, prevents neoplastic events and is commonly downregulated in cancer. This study investigates the relationship between miRNA 21 (miR-21) and miR-499 in regulating PDCD4. This was explored using miRNA overexpression, mutational analysis of the PDCD4 3= UTR to assess regulation at each miRNA site, and 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) calculations for combinatorial behavior. We demonstrate that the first miR-499 binding site within PDCD4 is inactive, but the two remaining sites are both required for PDCD4 suppression. Additionally, the binding of miR-21 to PDCD4 influenced miR-499 activity through an increase in its silencing potency and stabilization of its mature form. Furthermore, adjoining miRNA sites more than 35 nucleotides (nt) apart could potentially regulate thousands of 3= UTRs, similar to that observed between miR-21 and miR-499. The regulation of PDCD4 serves as a unique example of regulatory action by multiple miRNAs. This relationship was predicted to occur on thousands of targets and may represent a wider mode of miRNA regulation.
Akyol, S, Ben Nissan, B, Karacan, I, Yetmez, M, Gokce, H, Suggett, DJ & Oktar, FN 2019, 'Morphology, characterization, and conversion of the corals Goniopora spp. and Porites cylindrica to hydroxyapatite', Journal of the Australian Ceramic Society, vol. 55, no. 3, pp. 893-901.
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© 2019, Australian Ceramic Society. The aim of this study is to obtain pure natural hydroxyapatite (HAp) and tricalcium phosphate (TCP) from a Goniopora spp. and from hump coral (Porites cylindrica), both sourced from Australia. Due to the nature of the conversion process, commercial coralline HAp has retained coral or CaCO3, and the structure possesses both nano- and mesopores within the interpore trabeculae resulting in high dissolution rates. To overcome these limitations, a newly patented coral double-conversion technique has been developed. The current technique involves a two-stage application route where in the first-stage complete conversion of coral to pure HAp is achieved. In the second stage, a sol-gel-derived HAp nanocoating is directly applied to cover the meso- and nanopores within the intrapore material, while maintaining the large pores. Here, we specifically investigated the morphological changes and characterized these corals prior to and after conversion. For this purpose, four groups designated as C0, C1, C2, and C3 were used. C0 is Porites, Goniopora, and cylindrica; the original coral is calcium carbonate with aragonite structure that contains proteins and polysaccharides. C1 is coral cleaned under ultrasound in bleach diluted with water. C2 is coral converted to hydroxyapatite (HAp) by hydrothermal treatment method at 200 °C under pressure in the presence of ammonium biphosphate. C3 is obtained by coating C2 with sol-gel alkoxide-derived nanohydroxyapatite to obtain a more bioactive osteoconductive material and improve mechanical properties. All groups were characterized by XRD, EDAX, DTA/TGA, and SEM. The results showed that the biaxial strengths of the C2 and C3 were significantly higher than the original coral. The work also showed the advantages of the hydrothermal conversion method and the effect of the nanocoating which is expected to improve the final bioactivity through microstructural changes of the surfaces.
Alghalayini, A, Garcia, A, Berry, T & Cranfield, C 2019, 'The Use of Tethered Bilayer Lipid Membranes to Identify the Mechanisms of Antimicrobial Peptide Interactions with Lipid Bilayers', Antibiotics, vol. 8, no. 1, pp. 12-12.
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Alturki, R & Gay, V 2019, 'The Development of an Arabic Weight-Loss App Akser Waznk: Qualitative Results', JMIR Formative Research, vol. 3, no. 1, pp. e11785-e11785.
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Argha, A, Su, SW & Celler, BG 2019, 'Control allocation-based fault tolerant control', Automatica, vol. 103, pp. 408-417.
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© 2019 Elsevier Ltd This paper describes a novel scheme for fault tolerant control using a robust optimal control design method. This scheme can also be employed as actuator redundancy management for over-actuated linear systems. In contrast to many existing methods in the literature, this scheme can be applied to systems whose control input matrix cannot be factorised into two matrices whose ranks are equal and less than the minimum of the number of columns and rows of the input matrix. The so-called virtual control, in this scheme, is calculated using a robust ℋ 2 -based feedback design approach constructed to be robust against uncertainties emanating from visibility of the control allocator to the controller and imperfection in the estimated effectiveness gain. Then, using a new control allocation scheme along with a novel Tikhonov-based re-distributor mechanism, the obtained virtual control signal is re-distributed among remaining (redundant or non-faulty) set of actuators. As the proposed scheme is modular-based, it can be employed as a real-time fault tolerant control scheme with no need to reconfigure the controller in the case of actuator faults or failures. The effectiveness of the proposed scheme is demonstrated by a numerical example.
Argha, A, Su, SW & Celler, BG 2019, 'Static output feedback fault tolerant control using control allocation scheme', International Journal of Robust and Nonlinear Control, vol. 29, no. 1, pp. 98-116.
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Argha, A, Su, SW, Savkin, A & Celler, B 2019, 'A framework for optimal actuator/sensor selection in a control system', International Journal of Control, vol. 92, no. 2, pp. 242-260.
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© 2017, © 2017 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group. When dealing with large-scale systems, manual selection of a subset of components (sensors/actuators), or equivalently identification of a favourable structure for the controller, that guarantees a certain closed-loop performance, is not very feasible. This paper is dedicated to the problem of concurrent optimal selection of actuators/sensors which can equivalently be considered as the structure identification for the controller. In the context of a multi-channel H 2 dynamic output feedback controller synthesis, we formulate and analyse a framework in which we incorporate two extra terms for penalising the number of actuators and sensors into the variational formulations of controller synthesis problems in order to induce a favourable controller structure. We then develop an explicit scheme as well as an iterative process for the purpose of dealing with the multi-objective problem of controller structure and control law co-design. It is also stressed that the immediate application of the proposed approach lies within the fault accommodation stage of a fault tolerant control scheme. By two numerical examples, we demonstrate the remarkable performance of the proposed approach.
Argha, A, Su, SW, Savkin, A & Celler, B 2019, 'Design of optimal sliding-mode control using partial eigenstructure assignment', International Journal of Control, vol. 92, no. 7, pp. 1511-1523.
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© 2017 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group This paper describes a new framework for the design of a sliding surface for a given system while multi-channel (Formula presented.) performances of the closed-loop system are under control. In contrast to most of the current sliding surface design schemes, in this new method, the level of control effort required to maintain sliding is penalised. The proposed method for the design of optimal sliding mode control is implemented in two stages. In the first stage, a state feedback gain is derived using a linear matrix inequality (LMI)-based scheme that can assign a number of the closed-loop eigenvalues to a known value whilst satisfying performance specifications. The sliding function matrix related to the particular state feedback derived in the first stage is obtained in the second stage by using one of the two different methods developed for this goal. The proposed theory is evaluated by using numerical examples including the problem of steady-state output tracking via a state-feedback SMC for flight control.
Argha, A, Su, SW, Zheng, WX & Celler, BG 2019, 'Sliding‐mode fault‐tolerant control using the control allocation scheme', International Journal of Robust and Nonlinear Control, vol. 29, no. 17, pp. 6256-6273.
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Argha, A, Wu, J, Su, SW & Celler, BG 2019, 'Blood Pressure Estimation From Beat-by-Beat Time-Domain Features of Oscillometric Waveforms Using Deep-Neural-Network Classification Models', IEEE Access, vol. 7, pp. 113427-113439.
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In general, existing machine learning based approaches, developed for systolic and diastolic blood pressure (SBP and DBP) estimation from oscillometric waveforms (OWs), employ features extracted from the OW envelope (OWE) alone and ignore important beat-by-beat (BBB) features which represent fundamental physical properties of the entire non-invasive blood pressure (NIBP) measurement system. Unlike the existing literature, this paper proposes a novel deep-learning based method for BP estimation trained with BBB time-domain features extracted from OWs. First, we extract six time-domain features from each beat of the OW, relative to the preceding beat. Second, using the extracted BBB features along with the corresponding cuff pressures, we form a feature vector for each OW beat and locate it in one of three different classes, namely pre-systolic (PS), between systolic and diastolic (BSD) and after diastolic (AD). We then devise a deep-belief network (DBN)-deep neural network (DNN) classification model as well as a novel artificial feature extraction method for estimating SBP and DBP from feature vectors extracted from OWs and their corresponding deflation curves. The proposed DBN-DNN classification approach can effectively learn the complex nonlinear relationship between the artificial feature vectors and target classes. The SBP and DBP points are then obtained by mapping the beats at which the network output sequence switches from PS phase to BSD phase and from BSD phase to AD phase, respectively, to the deflation curve. Adopting a 5-fold cross-validation scheme and using a data base of 350 NIBP recordings gave an average mean absolute error of 1.1±2.9 mmHg for SBP and 3.0±5.6 mmHg for DBP relative to reference values. We experimentally show that the proposed DBN-DNN-based classification algorithm trained with BBB time-domain features can outperform traditional deep-learning based methods for BP estimation trained with features extracted only from OWEs.
Arhin, SK, Zhao, J, Ji, X, Shi, C, Tang, J, Gu, Y, Xi, H, Cheng, J, Qu, X, Shi, H, Jin, XL & Lv, JQ 2019, 'Multiple facilitated glucose transporters SLC2As are required for normal mouse preimplantation embryo development', American Journal of Translational Research, vol. 11, no. 6, pp. 3412-3425.
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Background: Glucose metabolism is an essential energy source for mammalian preimplantation embryonic development. Therefore, we aimed to analyze the expression of all 12 known glucose transporters (facilitated solute carrier family 2, Slc2a) during early mouse embryo development. Methods: Gene and protein expression of Slc2a transporters in oocytes and embryos were assessed by the TaqMan gene expression assay and confocal immunofluorescence, respectively. Results: Except for Slc2a2, the other 11 Slc2a transcripts were detected in oocytes. Transcripts of Slc2a1, Slc2a3, Slc2a4, and Slc2a8 were the most enriched and detected in preimplantation embryos. The transcription of other Slc2a isoforms was barely detectable or absent after fertilization; however, they were detected in blastocysts, except for Slc2a10 and Slc2a13. Embryo culture in the simple defined medium caused a reduction in transcription of Slc2a1, Slc2a3, Slc2a4, and Slc2a8 in blastocyst; yet, amino acids partially reversed this impaired transcription of Slc2a1 and Slc2a4. SLC2A1 and SLC2A4 proteins were detected at all embryonic stages with nuclear accumulation in the embryos at the early cleavage stage. SLC2A3 and SLC2A8 were not detected in embryos until the eight-cell stage. The cellular membrane localization of SLC2A1, SLC2A3, and SLC2A8 occurred after compaction and was characterized in blastocysts. SLC2A4 was evenly distributed in the cytoplasm and nuclei without its characteristic membrane localization. Indinavir sulfate (a SLC2A4 inhibitor) decreased the rate of development and prevented glucose utilization in embryos after compaction. These inhibitory activities were partially reversed by exogenous insulin. Conclusion: The results unveil distinct expression patterns of individual Slc2a glucose transporters during early embryo development. Taken together, they provide novel insights into the understanding and management of glucose metabolic infertility in assisted-reproductive technologies (ART).
Ashtari, K, Nazari, H, Ko, H, Tebon, P, Akhshik, M, Akbari, M, Alhosseini, SN, Mozafari, M, Mehravi, B, Soleimani, M, Ardehali, R, Ebrahimi Warkiani, M, Ahadian, S & Khademhosseini, A 2019, 'Electrically conductive nanomaterials for cardiac tissue engineering', Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews, vol. 144, pp. 162-179.
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© 2019 Elsevier B.V. Patient deaths resulting from cardiovascular diseases are increasing across the globe, posing the greatest risk to patients in developed countries. Myocardial infarction, as a result of inadequate blood flow to the myocardium, results in irreversible loss of cardiomyocytes which can lead to heart failure. A sequela of myocardial infarction is scar formation that can alter the normal myocardial architecture and result in arrhythmias. Over the past decade, a myriad of tissue engineering approaches has been developed to fabricate engineered scaffolds for repairing cardiac tissue. This paper highlights the recent application of electrically conductive nanomaterials (carbon and gold-based nanomaterials, and electroactive polymers) to the development of scaffolds for cardiac tissue engineering. Moreover, this work summarizes the effects of these nanomaterials on cardiac cell behavior such as proliferation and migration, as well as cardiomyogenic differentiation in stem cells.
Atto, B, Eapen, MS, Sharma, P, Frey, U, Ammit, AJ, Markos, J, Chia, C, Larby, J, Haug, G, Weber, HC, Mabeza, G, Tristram, S, Myers, S, Geraghty, DP, Flanagan, KL, Hansbro, PM & Sohal, SS 2019, 'New therapeutic targets for the prevention of infectious acute exacerbations of COPD: role of epithelial adhesion molecules and inflammatory pathways', Clinical Science, vol. 133, no. 14, pp. 1663-1703.
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Azadi, S, Aboulkheyr Es, H, Razavi Bazaz, S, Thiery, JP, Asadnia, M & Ebrahimi Warkiani, M 2019, 'Upregulation of PD-L1 expression in breast cancer cells through the formation of 3D multicellular cancer aggregates under different chemical and mechanical conditions', Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular Cell Research, vol. 1866, no. 12, pp. 118526-118526.
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© 2019 Elsevier B.V. Expression of programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) in cancer cells plays an important role in cancer-immune cell interaction. The emerging evidence suggests regulation of PD-L1 expression by several tumor microenvironmental cues. However, the association of PD-L1 expression with chemical and mechanical features of the tumor microenvironment, specifically epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signaling and matrix stiffness, remains elusive. Herein, we determine whether EGFR targeting and substrate stiffness affect the regulation of PD-L1 expression. Breast carcinoma cell lines, MCF7 and MDA-MB-231, were cultured under different conditions targeting EGFR and exposing cells to distinct substrate stiffness to evaluate PD-L1 expression. Furthermore, the ability to form aggregates in short-term culture of breast carcinoma cells and its effect on expression level of PD-L1 was probed. Our results indicated that PD-L1 expression was altered in response to both EGFR inhibition and substrate stiffness. Additionally, a positive association between the formation of multicellular aggregates and PD-L1 expression was observed. MDA-MB-231 cells expressed the highest PD-L1 level on a stiff substrate, while inhibition of EGFR reduced expression of PD-L1. The results suggested that both physical and chemical features of tumor microenvironment regulate PD-L1 expression through alteration of tumor aggregate formation potential. In line with these results, the in-silico study highlighted a positive correlation between PD-L1 expression, EGFR signaling, epithelial to mesenchymal transition related transcription factors (EMT-TFs) and stemness markers in metastatic breast cancer. These findings improve our understanding of regulation of PD-L1 expression by tumor microenvironment leading to evasion of tumor cells from the immune system.
Azadi, S, Tafazzoli‐Shadpour, M, Soleimani, M & Warkiani, ME 2019, 'Modulating cancer cell mechanics and actin cytoskeleton structure by chemical and mechanical stimulations', Journal of Biomedical Materials Research Part A, vol. 107, no. 8, pp. 1569-1581.
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Barakat-Johnson, M, Lai, M, Wand, T, White, K & De Abreu Lourenco, R 2019, 'Costs and consequences of an intervention-based program to reduce hospital-acquired pressure injuries in one health district in Australia', Australian Health Review, vol. 43, no. 5, pp. 516-525.
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Barnes-Harris, M, Allgar, V, Booth, S, Currow, D, Hart, S, Phillips, J, Swan, F & Johnson, MJ 2019, 'Battery operated fan and chronic breathlessness: does it help?', BMJ Supportive & Palliative Care, vol. 9, no. 4, pp. 478-481.
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Bennett, KJM, Novak, AR, Pluss, MA, Coutts, AJ & Fransen, J 2019, 'Assessing the validity of a video-based decision-making assessment for talent identification in youth soccer', Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport, vol. 22, no. 6, pp. 729-734.
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OBJECTIVES:To investigate the construct and discriminant validity of a video-based decision-making assessment for talent identification in youth soccer. DESIGN:Observational study. METHOD:A total of 328 academy youth soccer players (tier one, tier two, and tier three) from three developmental stages (late childhood, early adolescence, and mid-adolescence) participated in this study. The control group consisted of 59 youth athletes with no soccer experience in the last five years. Players completed a video-based decision-making assessment on an iPad, with response accuracy and response time recorded for various attacking situations (2 vs. 1, 3 vs. 1, 3 vs. 2, 4 vs. 3, and 5 vs. 3). RESULTS:The video-based decision-making assessment showed some construct validity. Response times were significantly faster in early and mid-adolescent players when compared to those in the late childhood group. Furthermore, an overall decline in decision-making performance (i.e. decrease in response accuracy and increase in response time) was observed from the 2 vs. 1 to the 4 vs. 3 situations. The video-based decision-making assessment lacked discriminant validity as minimal differences between academies were evident for response accuracy and response time. Only response accuracy was able to discriminate youth academy soccer players from the control group to some extent. CONCLUSIONS:Coaches and sporting professionals should apply caution when interpreting data from practical, video-based decision-making assessments. There is currently limited conclusive evidence supporting the effectiveness of these assessments for talent identification.
Bhattarai, P, Newton-John, TRO & Phillips, JL 2019, 'Feasibility evaluation of a pain self-management app-based intervention among older people living with arthritic pain: study protocol', Pilot and Feasibility Studies, vol. 5, no. 1, pp. 57-57.
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Background: Optimal management of chronic arthritic pain experienced by older adults involves applying active self-management strategies every day. Cost-effective and innovative strategies to help build older people's pain self-management capability are required. This study protocol is designed to evaluate the feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary outcomes of a pain self-management app among older people living in the community with arthritic pain. Methods/design: This is a phase I feasibility study. A pre-post test study design will be used to trial a freely available pain self-management app named Rheumatoid Arthritis Information Support and Education ('RAISE') for 14 days. Thirty community-dwelling older people living with arthritic pain who use a smartphone will be recruited from (1) various community-based social clubs/organizations/groups or (2) via Facebook groups with potentially high number of older members. In addition, snowballing sampling approach will also be utilized.These participants will trial the RAISE app, which was selected following a systematic evaluation of all available chronic pain apps by the investigator team. A face-to-face or telephone-based meeting will be organized with all consenting participants in order to seek their informed consent, download and set up the intervention app on their mobile device, be provided with app training, and complete the pre-test data (Time 1 (T1)). Participants will be asked to use the RAISE app as desired for 14 days. Post-test data collection (Time 2 (T2)) will occur on day 15. Data collected includes participant's demographic and clinical information, pain scores, pain self-efficacy, and online technology self-efficacy. Participants will be invited to take part in a semi-structured telephone interview at T2 to explore their experiences of using the app.An evaluation of patterns of app use, recruitment, retention, attrition rates, and analysis of the missing data will inform the study a...
Bhimani, A, Bond, D & Sivabalan, P 2019, 'Does greater user representation lead to more user focused standards? An empirical investigation of IASB’s approach to standard setting', Journal of Accounting and Public Policy, vol. 38, no. 2, pp. 65-88.
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© 2019 Elsevier Inc. The International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) has faced calls to act in the interest of users of financial statements given the perception of the greater influence exerted by preparers and professional accounting firm stakeholders. In response, the IASB has, over more than a decade, sought to increase user centricity, adapting its people and processes to more fully engage the views of users. We report on our empirical analysis from the standard setter's perspective of user engagement which is a research objective not documented in the prior literature. Our results draw on interviews conducted with 31 IASB representatives, comprised of 26 staff and 5 Board members representing approximately 60% of IASB's non-support staff as well as publically available archival data. We deploy the Griffiths (1960) citizenship participation framework in reporting on the procedural rigor directed at user utility, to assess IASB's attempt to enhance its perceived relevance (existential enhancement) as a standard setting body. We explain how a “clash” between new user centric practices and the extant practices led to challenges for the IASB in factoring the views of, and acting in the interest of users, as demanded by regulatory authorities. We discuss some of the tensions this has made evident in IASB's objective to function as an effective standard setter. Conceptually, our paper clarifies how more embedded representation modes per Griffith (1960) elicited greater user feedback, but that tensions arose in relation to the IASB's broader objectives to more directly serve users’ interests. Functionally, we offer a more nuanced appreciation for why the IASB might not unilaterally seek to be “user-focused” in the interests of both users and other stakeholders, and in doing so, serve the longer term objectives of accounting standard setting.
Biglari, S, Le, TYL, Tan, RP, Wise, SG, Zambon, A, Codolo, G, De Bernard, M, Warkiani, M, Schindeler, A, Naficy, S, Valtchev, P, Khademhosseini, A & Dehghani, F 2019, 'Simulating Inflammation in a Wound Microenvironment Using a Dermal Wound‐on‐a‐Chip Model', Advanced Healthcare Materials, vol. 8, no. 1, pp. 1801307-1801307.
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Bliuc, D, Tran, T, van Geel, T, Adachi, JD, Berger, C, van den Bergh, J, Eisman, JA, Geusens, P, Goltzman, D, Hanley, DA, Josse, R, Kaiser, S, Kovacs, CS, Langsetmo, L, Prior, JC, Nguyen, TV & Center, JR 2019, 'Reduced Bone Loss Is Associated With Reduced Mortality Risk in Subjects Exposed to Nitrogen Bisphosphonates: A Mediation Analysis', Journal of Bone and Mineral Research, vol. 34, no. 11, pp. 2001-2011.
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Bliuc, D, Tran, T, van Geel, T, Adachi, JD, Berger, C, van den Bergh, J, Eisman, JA, Geusens, P, Goltzman, D, Hanley, DA, Josse, RG, Kaiser, S, Kovacs, CS, Langsetmo, L, Prior, JC, Nguyen, TV & Center, JR 2019, 'Mortality risk reduction differs according to bisphosphonate class: a 15-year observational study', Osteoporosis International, vol. 30, no. 4, pp. 817-828.
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© 2019, International Osteoporosis Foundation and National Osteoporosis Foundation. Summary: In this prospective cohort of 6120 participants aged 50+, nitrogen-bisphosphonates but not non-nitrogen bisphosphonates were associated with a significant 34% mortality risk reduction compared to non-treated propensity score matched controls. These findings open new avenues for research into mechanistic pathways. Introduction: Emerging evidence suggests that bisphosphonates (BP), first-line treatment of osteoporosis, are associated with reduced risks for all-cause mortality. This study aimed to determine the association between different BP types and mortality risk in participants with or without a fracture. Methods: A prospective cohort study of users of different BPs matched to non-users by propensity score (age, gender, co-morbidities, fragility fracture status) and time to starting the BP medication from the population-based Canadian Multicentre Osteoporosis Study from nine Canadian centres followed from 1995 to 2013. Mortality risk for bisphosphonate users vs matched non-users was assessed using pairwise multivariable Cox proportional hazards models. Results: There were 2048 women and 308 men on BP and 1970 women and 1794 men who did not receive medication for osteoporosis. The relationship between BP and mortality risk was explored in three separate 1:1 propensity score-matched cohorts of BP users and no treatment (etidronate, n = 599, alendronate, n = 498, and risedronate n = 213). Nitrogen BP (n-BP) (alendronate and risedronate) was associated with lower mortality risks [pairwise HR, 0.66 (95% CI, 0.48–0.91)] while the less potent non-n-BP, etidronate, was not [pairwise HR: 0.89 (95% CI, 0.66–1.20)]. A direct comparison between n-BP and etidronate (n = 340 pairs) also suggested a better survival for n-BP [paired HR, 0.47 (95%CI, (95% CI, 031–0.70)] for n-BP vs. etidronate]. Conclusion: Compared to no treatment, nitrogen but not non-nitrogen bisphosphonat...
Bonou, SAS, Sagbo, E, Aubry, C, Charvillat, C, Ben-Nissan, B & Cazalbou, S 2019, 'Conversion of snail shells (Achatina achatina) acclimatized in Benin to calcium phosphate for medical and engineering use', Journal of the Australian Ceramic Society, vol. 55, no. 4, pp. 1177-1186.
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Bozier, J, Rutting, S, Xenaki, D, Peters, M, Adcock, I & Oliver, BG 2019, 'Heightened response to e-cigarettes in COPD', ERJ Open Research, vol. 5, no. 1, pp. 00192-2018.
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E-cigarettes induce greater inflammatory mediators from COPD lung cells; therefore, the risks of e-cigarette use in COPD might be greater than in people without COPD http://ow.ly/xmnN30nzDhX.
Bradbury, P, Patel, BS, Cidem, A, Nader, CP, Oliver, BG & Ammit, AJ 2019, 'Prostaglandin E2, but not cAMP nor β2-agonists, induce tristetraprolin (TTP) in human airway smooth muscle cells', Inflammation Research, vol. 68, no. 5, pp. 369-377.
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© 2019, Springer Nature Switzerland AG. Tristetraprolin (TTP) is an anti-inflammatory molecule known to post-transcriptionally regulate cytokine production and is, therefore, an attractive drug target for chronic respiratory diseases driven by inflammation, such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Our recent in vitro studies in primary human airway smooth (ASM) cells have confirmed the essential anti-inflammatory role played by TTP as a critical partner in a cytokine regulatory network. However, several unanswered questions remain. While prior in vitro studies have suggested that TTP is regulated in a cAMP-mediated manner, raising the possibility that this may be one of the ways in which β2-agonists achieve beneficial effects beyond bronchodilation, the impact of β2-agonists on ASM cells is unknown. Furthermore, the effect of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) on TTP expression in ASM cells has not been reported. We address this herein and reveal, for the first time, that TTP is not regulated by cAMP-activating agents nor following treatment with long-acting β2-agonists. However, PGE2 does induce TTP mRNA expression and protein upregulation in ASM cells. Although the underlying mechanism of action remains undefined, we can confirm that PGE2-induced TTP upregulation is not mediated via cAMP, or EP2/EP4 receptor activation, and occurred in a manner independent of the p38 MAPK-mediated pathway. Taken together, these data confirm that β2-agonists do not upregulate TTP in human ASM cells and indicate that another way in which PGE2 may achieve beneficial effects in asthma and COPD may be via upregulation of the master controller of inflammation—TTP.
Bradbury, P, Rumzhum, NN & Ammit, AJ 2019, 'EP2 and EP4 receptor antagonists: Impact on cytokine production and β2‐adrenergic receptor desensitization in human airway smooth muscle', Journal of Cellular Physiology, vol. 234, no. 7, pp. 11070-11077.
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Braytee, A, Liu, W, Anaissi, A & Kennedy, PJ 2019, 'Correlated Multi-label Classification with Incomplete Label Space and Class Imbalance', ACM Transactions on Intelligent Systems and Technology, vol. 10, no. 5, pp. 1-26. Breaden, K, Collier, A, Litster, C, Allcroft, P, Currow, DC & Phillips, JL 2019, 'Stigma and the in(visible) perspectives and expectations of home oxygen therapy among people with chronic breathlessness syndrome: A qualitative study', Palliative Medicine, vol. 33, no. 1, pp. 82-90. Brown, P, Tan, A-C, El-Esawi, MA, Liehr, T, Blanck, O, Gladue, DP, Almeida, GMF, Cernava, T, Sorzano, CO, Yeung, AWK, Engel, MS, Chandrasekaran, AR, Muth, T, Staege, MS, Daulatabad, SV, Widera, D, Zhang, J, Meule, A, Honjo, K, Pourret, O, Yin, C-C, Zhang, Z, Cascella, M, Flegel, WA, Goodyear, CS, van Raaij, MJ, Bukowy-Bieryllo, Z, Campana, LG, Kurniawan, NA, Lalaouna, D, Hüttner, FJ, Ammerman, BA, Ehret, F, Cobine, PA, Tan, E-C, Han, H, Xia, W, McCrum, C, Dings, RPM, Marinello, F, Nilsson, H, Nixon, B, Voskarides, K, Yang, L, Costa, VD, Bengtsson-Palme, J, Bradshaw, W, Grimm, DG, Kumar, N, Martis, E, Prieto, D, Sabnis, SC, Amer, SEDR, Liew, AWC, Perco, P, Rahimi, F, Riva, G, Zhang, C, Devkota, HP, Ogami, K, Basharat, Z, Fierz, W, Siebers, R, Tan, K-H, Boehme, KA, Brenneisen, P, Brown, JAL, Dalrymple, BP, Harvey, DJ, Ng, G, Werten, S, Bleackley, M, Dai, Z, Dhariwal, R, Gelfer, Y, Hartmann, MD, Miotla, P, Tamaian, R, Govender, P, Gurney-Champion, OJ, Kauppila, JH, Zhang, X, Echeverría, N, Subhash, S, Sallmon, H, Tofani, M, Bae, T, Bosch, O, Cuív, PO, Danchin, A, Diouf, B, Eerola, T, Evangelou, E, Filipp, FV, Klump, H, Kurgan, L, Smith, SS, Terrier, O, Tuttle, N, Ascher, DB, Janga, SC, Schulte, LN, Becker, D, Browngardt, C, Bush, SJ, Gaullier, G, Ide, K, Meseko, C, Werner, GDA, Zaucha, J, Al-Farha, AA, Greenwald, NF, Popoola, SI, Rahman, MS, Xu, J, Yang, SY, Hiroi, N, Alper, OM, Baker, CI, Bitzer, M, Chacko, G, Debrabant, B, Dixon, R, Forano, E, Gilliham, M, Kelly, S, Klempnauer, K-H, Lidbury, BA, Lin, MZ, Lynch, I, Ma, W, Maibach, EW, Mather, DE, Nandakumar, KS, Ohgami, RS, Parchi, P, Tressoldi, P, Xue, Y, Armitage, C, Barraud, P, Chatzitheochari, S, Coelho, LP, Diao, J, Doxey, AC, Gobet, A, Hu, P, Kaiser, S, Mitchell, KM, Salama, MF, Shabalin, IG, Song, H, Stevanovic, D, Yadollahpour, A, Zeng, E, Zinke, K, Alimba, CG, Beyene, TJ, Cao, Z, Chan, SS, Gatchell, M, Kleppe, A, Piotrowski, M, Torga, G, Woldesemayat, AA, Cosacak, MI, Haston, S, Ross, SA, Williams, R, Wong, A, Abramowitz, MK, Effiong, A, Lee, S, Abid, MB, Agarabi, C, Alaux, C, Albrecht, DR, Atkins, GJ, Beck, CR, Bonvin, AMJJ, Bourke, E, Brand, T, Braun, RJ, Bull, JA, Cardoso, P, Carter, D, Delahay, RM, Ducommun, B, Duijf, PHG, Epp, T, Eskelinen, E-L, Fallah, M, Farber, DB, Fernandez-Triana, J, Feyerabend, F, Florio, T, Friebe, M, Furuta, S, Gabrielsen, M, Gruber, J, Grybos, M, Han, Q & et al. 2019, 'Large expert-curated database for benchmarking document similarity detection in biomedical literature search', Database, vol. 2019, pp. 1-66. Bryant, C, Aleks Lau, KH, Vuckovic, S, Marsh-Wakefield, F, Kruzins, A, McGuire, H, Yang, S, Fazekas de St. Groth, B, Nassif, N, Byrne, SN, Gibson, J, Brown, C, Larsen, S, McCulloch, D, Boyle, R, Joshua, D & Ho, PJ 2019, 'Accumulation of CD69+ Terminal Effector CD8+ T cells occurs in the bone marrow of newly diagnosed Myeloma patients who lack protective clonal Vb expanded cytotoxic T cells', Clinical Lymphoma Myeloma and Leukemia, vol. 19, no. 10, pp. e29-e29. Bulsara, SM, Wainberg, ML, Audet, CM & Newton-John, TRO 2019, 'Retention in HIV Care in Australia: The Perspectives of Clinicians and Clients, and the Impact of Medical and Psychosocial Comorbidity', AIDS Patient Care and STDs, vol. 33, no. 10, pp. 415-424. © Copyright 2019, Mary Ann Liebert, Inc., publishers 2019. Significant advances in our understanding and treatment of HIV have led to improvements in the medical management of the illness, as HIV infection has evolved from an acute to a chronic illness. Increasing our understanding of the medical and/or psychosocial comorbidities, which can interact to determine 'clinical complexity' and impact HIV management, will further strengthen this process. Retention in care is a critical step of the HIV Treatment Cascade, which facilitates effective management of these comorbidities and their impact on HIV medical management. This study sought to build on literature regarding medical and/or psychosocial comorbidity that impacts retention in care, and it often leads to clinically complex presentations, by gaining the perspectives of people living with HIV (PLHIV), and medical and allied health clinicians in the field in Sydney, Australia. A total of 16 clinicians (medical doctors, nurses, clinical psychologists, and social workers) and 14 clients participated in a series of focus groups; they were asked to comment on the perceived barriers to retention and the potential solutions to overcome these. The results indicated a significant degree of overlap between clinician and client perspectives, and they identified 'service-specific factors,' 'logistic/practical factors,' 'medical/physical factors,' and 'psychosocial factors' as potential barriers to retention. Results are reviewed in the context of similarities and differences in perspectives between clinicians and PLHIV, and limitations regarding the generalizability of findings are discussed. The broader context of comorbidity and clinical complexity is also examined. Chacon, D, Braytee, A, Huang, Y, Thoms, J, Subramanian, S, Sauerland, MC, Bohlander, SK, Braess, J, Wörmann, BJ, Berdel, WE, Hiddemann, W, Gabrys, B, Metzeler, KH, Herold, T, Pimanda, J & Beck, D 2019, 'Prospective Identification of Acute Myeloid Leukemia Patients Who Benefit from Gene-Expression Based Risk Stratification', Blood, vol. 134, no. Supplement_1, pp. 1397-1397. Chan, YL, Wang, B, Chen, H, Ho, KF, Cao, J, Hai, G, Jalaludin, B, Herbert, C, Thomas, PS, Saad, S & Oliver, BGG 2019, 'Pulmonary inflammation induced by low-dose particulate matter exposure in mice', American Journal of Physiology-Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology, vol. 317, no. 3, pp. L424-L430. Chen, H & Lim, CED 2019, 'The efficacy of using acupuncture in managing polycystic ovarian syndrome', Current Opinion in Obstetrics & Gynecology, vol. 31, no. 6, pp. 428-432. Chen, H, Steele, J, Li, G, Chan, Y, Oliver, B, Saad, S & Machaalani, R 2019, 'E-vapour inhalation – How does it affect memory?', IBRO Reports, vol. 6, pp. S208-S209. Chen, X, Chamoli, U, Lapkin, S, Castillo, JV & Diwan, AD 2019, 'Complication rates of different discectomy techniques for the treatment of lumbar disc herniation: a network meta-analysis', European Spine Journal, vol. 28, no. 11, pp. 2588-2601. PURPOSE:The aim of this network meta-analysis (NMA) was to compare the complication rates of discectomy/microdiscectomy, percutaneous laser disc decompression (PLDD), percutaneous endoscopic lumbar discectomy (PELD), microendoscopic discectomy (MED), and tubular discectomy for symptomatic lumbar disc herniation (LDH). METHODS:We searched three online databases for randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Overall complication rates, complication rates per general and modified Clavien-Dindo classification schemes, and reoperation rates were considered as primary outcomes. Odds ratio with 95% confidence intervals for direct comparisons and 95% credible intervals for NMA results were reported. Surface under cumulative ranking curve (SUCRA) was used to estimate ranks for each discectomy technique based on the complication rates. RESULTS:In total, 18 RCTs with 2273 patients were included in this study. Our results showed that there was no significant difference in any of the pairwise comparisons. PELD (SUCRA: 0.856) ranked the lowest for overall complication rates. Discectomy/microdiscectomy (SUCRA: 0.599) and PELD (SUCRA: 0.939) ranked the lowest for intraoperative and post-operative complication rates, respectively. Concerning modified Clavien-Dindo classification scheme, PELD (SUCRA: 0.803), MED (SUCRA: 0.730), and PLDD (SUCRA: 0.605) ranked the lowest for the occurrence of type I, II, and III complications, respectively. Tubular discectomy (SUCRA: 0.699) ranked the lowest for reoperation rates. CONCLUSIONS:The results of this NMA suggest that discectomy/microdiscectomy and PELD are the safest procedures for LDH with minimal intraoperative and post-operative complications, respectively. PELD, MED, and PLDD are the safest procedures for LDH in terms of minimal rates for complications necessitating conservative, pharmacological, and surgical treatment, respectively. These slides can be retrieved under Electronic Supplementary Material. Chepurin, D, Chamoli, U, Sheldrick, K, Lapkin, S, Scott, D, Kuan, J & Diwan, AD 2019, 'Bony stress in the lumbar spine is associated with intervertebral disc degeneration and low back pain: a retrospective case–control MRI study of patients under 25 years of age', European Spine Journal, vol. 28, no. 11, pp. 2470-2477. PURPOSE:Abnormal stress in the lumbar vertebra, also known as bony stress, can be a precursor to degenerative changes which may manifest as low back pain (LBP). However, the prevalence of bony stress in the lumbar spine and its relationship with degenerative changes and LBP is unclear. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of bony stress in the lumbar spine and its relationship with intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration, facet osteoarthritis and LBP in patients under 25 years of age. METHODS:A retrospective case-control study of 130 patients under 25 years of age was conducted from a population of 493 patients who had lumbar MRI across three imaging centres over three years. A cohort of 55 consecutive patients with bony stress was identified. A control group of consecutive patients (n = 75) without bony stress was also selected from the population. RESULTS:Bony stress was prevalent in 11% (95% CI [8.4-14.5%]) of patients and was not diagnosed in 36% (95% CI [22-55%]) of these cases. Patients with bony stress had over twofold (OR 2.3, 95% CI [1.1-4.8]) and fivefold (OR 5.3, 95% CI [2.11-13.3]) higher likelihood of having IVD degeneration and LBP, respectively, when compared with the control group. Bony stress was not found to be associated with facet osteoarthritis. CONCLUSION:Bony stress in the lumbar spine was prevalent in 11% of patients under 25 years of age. It was commonly undiagnosed in radiology reports (not reported in 36% of the cases). Being significantly associated and with an increased likelihood of IVD degeneration and LBP, we posit that bony stress is likely a symptomatic and clinically meaningful diagnostic entity in the assessment of LBP. These slides can be retrieved under Electronic Supplementary Material. Cherk Yong, DO, Saker, SR, Wadhwa, R, Chellappan, DK, Madheswaran, T, Panneerselvam, J, Tambuwala, MM, Bakshi, HA, Kumar, P, Pillay, V, Gupta, G, Oliver, BG, Wark, P, Hsu, A, Hansbro, PM, Dua, K & Zeeshan, F 2019, 'Preparation, characterization and in-vitro efficacy of quercetin loaded liquid crystalline nanoparticles for the treatment of asthma', Journal of Drug Delivery Science and Technology, vol. 54, pp. 101297-101297. © 2019 Elsevier B.V. The present study aims to formulate quercetin loaded liquid crystalline nanoparticles (LCN) and surface modified liquid crystalline nanoparticles (sm-LCN) as well as investigate their anti-inflammatory activity in human primary bronchial epithelial cell line (BCi-NS1.1) induced with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Quercetin LCN were prepared using ultrasonication method. The formulated LCNs and sm-LCNs were characterised in terms of particle size, zeta potential as well as the drug encapsulation efficiency. Furthermore, their morphology and in vitro release profile were also studied. In addition, the anti-inflammatory activity of quercetin LCN and sm-LCNs were evaluated by measuring the concentration of pro-inflammatory markers namely interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6 and IL-8 in BCI-NS1.1 cell lines via cytometric bead array. The molecular mechanism inherent to the inclusion of quercetin into monoolein nanosystem and surface modification of the nanosystem with chitosan was elucidated via molecular mechanics simulations. Quercetin LCN and sm-LCN significantly (p < 0.05) decreased the production of IL-1β, IL-6 and IL-8 compared to LPS only group. Encapsulation of quercetin into LCN and sm-LCN further enhanced its anti-inflammatory activity compared to quercetin in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO). In addition to that, quercetin LCN and sm-LCN also exhibited comparable activity to fluticasone in terms of significantly (p < 0.05) reducing the production of IL-1β and IL-6. Quercetin loaded LCN and sm-LCN could be a potential therapeutic intervention for asthma as they are efficacious in suppressing the production of key pro-inflammatory cytokines associated with the development of asthma. Clark, K, Allingham, S, Phillips, JL, Brown, L & Currow, DC 2019, 'A Response to: Challenges in Recruiting Patients to a Controlled Feasibility Study of a Drug for Opioid-Induced Constipation: Lessons From the Population With Advanced Cancer', Journal of Pain and Symptom Management, vol. 58, no. 3, pp. e1-e2. Clugston, B, Green, B, Phillips, J, Samaraweera, Z, Ceron, C, Gardner, C, Meurk, C & Heffernan, E 2019, 'Interviewing persons with mental illness charged with murder or attempted murder: a retrospective review of police interviews', Psychiatry, Psychology and Law, vol. 26, no. 6, pp. 904-919. Individuals with a mental illness may be particularly vulnerable during police interviews. Assessing fitness for police interview is vital for ensuring procedural fairness. This article reports the findings of a retrospective review of 31 police interviews of mentally ill persons charged with murder (n = 18) or attempted murder (n = 13) who appeared before the Queensland Mental Health Court. Police interviews were conducted for all murder and 50% of attempted murder cases. Possible or overt mental illness symptoms were present in all interviews. Symptoms of mental illness were pervasive in 36.7% of interviews, intermittent in 43.3% of interviews and seldom in 20% of interviews. Support persons were present for 9.7% of interviews, and legal representation was not present for any interview. These findings highlight the need to enhance access to support persons during interviews. Intersectoral collaboration between mental health services, forensic medical officers, police, public guardians and the legal sector is needed. Cohen, R, Fardouly, J, Newton-John, T & Slater, A 2019, '#BoPo on Instagram: An experimental investigation of the effects of viewing body positive content on young women’s mood and body image', New Media & Society, vol. 21, no. 7, pp. 1546-1564. Cohen, R, Irwin, L, Newton-John, T & Slater, A 2019, '#bodypositivity: A content analysis of body positive accounts on Instagram', Body Image, vol. 29, pp. 47-57. © 2019 Elsevier Ltd In the last decade, the body image literature has begun to extend beyond a primary focus on body image disturbances and examine the construct of positive body image. Similarly, “Body positivity” is a growing social media trend that seeks to challenge dominant societal appearance ideals and promote acceptance and appreciation of all bodies and appearances. The present study provides a content analysis of body positive posts on Instagram. A set of 640 Instagram posts sampled from popular body positive accounts were coded for physical appearance-related attributes and central themes featured. Results showed that body positive imagery typically depicted a broad range of body sizes and appearances. Additionally, while a proportion of posts were appearance-focused, the majority of posts conveyed messages aligned with theoretical definitions of positive body image. This study clarifies body positive content on Instagram, as well as highlights points of overlap and distinction from academic principles of positive body image and other appearance-focused social media content. Accordingly, the results offer theoretical and practical implications for future research and prevention efforts. Condina, MR, Dilmetz, BA, Razavi Bazaz, S, Meneses, J, Ebrahimi Warkiani, M & Hoffmann, P 2019, 'Rapid separation and identification of beer spoilage bacteria by inertial microfluidics and MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry', Lab on a Chip, vol. 19, no. 11, pp. 1961-1970. Microfluidics and MALDI-TOF MS is a rapid, high-throughput, and accurate method for the identification of beer spoilage bacteria.
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Conte, D, Smith, MR, Santolamazza, F, Favero, TG, Tessitore, A & Coutts, A 2019, 'Reliability, usefulness and construct validity of the Combined Basketball Skill Test (CBST)', Journal of Sports Sciences, vol. 37, no. 11, pp. 1205-1211.
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This study aimed to assess the reliability, usefulness and construct validity of the newly developed Combined Basketball Skill Test (CBST). Fifteen recreational (age = 22.8 ± 4.2 y, stature = 184.8 ± 6.5 cm, body mass = 81.6 ± 9.6 kg, training experience = 9.8 ± 5.3 y) and fifteen semiprofessional (age = 18.9 ± 3.3 y, stature = 190.5 ± 8.1 cm, body mass = 84.2 ± 11.2 kg, training experience = 11.1 ± 3.5 y) players volunteered to participate in this study. Test-retest reliability and usefulness were examined for recreational players, while construct validity was evaluated comparing the two player groups. The CBST is composed of 12 trials and its outcome measures include: completion time (sum of the 12 trial times); penalty time (sum of the times from the 12 trials); performance time (completion time + penalty time) and total number of errors. Relative reliability analysis showed acceptable ICC values (i.e. ≥0.70) in all the studied variables. Absolute reliability analysis showed a CV < 5% for completion (1.6%) and performance (2.0%) time, while a CV >5% is reported for the remaining variables. The usefulness of the test was considered "Marginal" and "Good" when comparing TE values with SWC02 and SWC05, respectively for all the studied variables. Likely and very likely differences were shown between recreational and semiprofessional players in all investigated variables. Results showed that the CBST is reliable, useful to detect moderate changes and valid to assess basketball skills.
Coutts, A 2019, 'Dodging Silver Bullets and Opening Black Boxes: Recommendations for Developing Athlete Monitoring Systems', Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport, vol. 22, pp. S2-S2.
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Crabtree, J & Newton-John, TRO 2019, 'Comparisons and associations between personality, creative potential and achievement in creative, non-creative and early psychosis participants', Psychosis, vol. 11, no. 2, pp. 138-150.
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© 2018, © 2018 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group. Epidemiological evidence supports common genetic determinants between psychosis spectrum populations and creative individuals. Aspects of personality may contribute to protecting the creative artist from psychosis vulnerability. This study examines the similarities and differences in personality within a sample of early psychosis (EP), creative control (CC) and non-creative control (NCC) participants. Findings indicated that the CC group shared closer personality commonalities with the EP group than with NCC participants, on traits such as Neuroticism, Openness and Impulsive Non-Conformity as well as on variables such as Unusual Experiences, Cognitive Disorganisation and Paranoia/Suspiciousness. However, the CC group may better manage their emotional sensitivity and interpersonal suspiciousness than the EP participants. In separate analyses, CC and EP participants recorded higher creative cognition than NCC participants. Unsurprisingly, the CC group reported significantly higher creative achievement than the EP and NCC samples. Of note, the findings indicate that EP participants recorded significantly higher creative achievement than NCC, suggesting that EP patients demonstrate some capacity for creative cognition and creative achievement. These preliminary findings may encourage further research and promote avenues of treatment for at-risk creative individuals and EP individuals.
Cranfield, CG 2019, 'ABA/ASB Membrane Biophysics session II 2018', Biophysical Reviews, vol. 11, no. 3, pp. 281-282.
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Cui, Y, Poon, J, Miro, JV, Yamazaki, K, Sugimoto, K & Matsubara, T 2019, 'Environment-adaptive interaction primitives through visual context for human–robot motor skill learning', Autonomous Robots, vol. 43, no. 5, pp. 1225-1240.
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© 2018, The Author(s). In situations where robots need to closely co-operate with human partners, consideration of the task combined with partner observation maintains robustness when partner behavior is erratic or ambiguous. This paper documents our approach to capture human–robot interactive skills by combining their demonstrative data with additional environmental parameters automatically derived from observation of task context without the need for heuristic assignment, as an extension to overcome shortcomings of the interaction primitives framework. These parameters reduce the partner observation period required before suitable robot motion can commence, while also enabling success in cases where partner observation alone was inadequate for planning actions suited to the task. Validation in a collaborative object covering exercise with a humanoid robot demonstrate the robustness of our environment-adaptive interaction primitives, when augmented with parameters directly drawn from visual data of the task scene.
Cutler, RL, Torres-Robles, A, Wiecek, E, Drake, B, Van der Linden, N, Benrimoj, SIC & Garcia-Cardenas, V 2019, '<p>Pharmacist-led medication non-adherence intervention: reducing the economic burden placed on the Australian health care system</p>', Patient Preference and Adherence, vol. Volume 13, pp. 853-862.
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© 2019 Cutler et al. Background: Scarcity of prospective medication non-adherence cost measurements for the Australian population with no directly measured estimates makes determining the burden medication non-adherence places on the Australian health care system difficult. This study aims to indirectly estimate the national cost of medication non-adherence in Australia comparing the cost prior to and following a community pharmacy-led intervention. Methods: Retrospective observational study. A de-identified database of dispensing data from 20,335 patients (n=11,257 on rosuvastatin, n=6,797 on irbesartan and n=2,281 on desvenlafaxine) was analyzed and average adherence rate determined through calculation of PDC. Included patients received a pharmacist-led medication adherence intervention and had twelve months dispensing records; six months before and six months after the intervention. The national cost estimate of medication non-adherence in hypertension, dyslipidemia and depression pre-and post-intervention was determined through utilization of disease prevalence and comorbidity, non-adherence rates and per patient disease-specific adherence-related costs. Results: The total national cost of medication non-adherence across three prevalent conditions, hypertension, dyslipidemia and depression was $10.4 billion equating to $517 per adult. Following enrollment in the pharmacist-led intervention medication non-adherence costs per adult decreased $95 saving the Australian health care system and patients $1.9 billion annually. Conclusion: In the absence of a directly measured national cost of medication non-adherence, this estimate demonstrates that pharmacists are ideally placed to improve patient adherence and reduce financial burden placed on the health care system due to non-adherence. Funding of medication adherence programs should be considered by policy and decision makers to ease the current burden and improve patient health outcomes moving forward.
Darcy, S 2019, 'Leisure with impact: research, human rights, and advocacy in a reflective review of a research career', Annals of Leisure Research, vol. 22, no. 3, pp. 273-285.
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© 2019, © 2019 Australia and New Zealand Association of Leisure Studies. This paper presents the key messages from a keynote address I delivered to the 2017 Australia and New Zealand Association of Leisure Studies conference held in Hobart Tasmania, December 2017. In this paper, I reflect on the heuristic learnings from the role of research in addressing critical social issues in leisure and ‘cultural life’. I do so by examining my very deliberate choice to undertake industry-linked research addressing issues involving human rights, social inclusion and giving voice to marginalized groups. As an insider to these voices, I know that research itself does little to address social inequality unless there is a deliberate action by academics to translate research into outcomes through political engagement, challenging organizational practice and communicating the results publicly beyond the paywall of refereed journals. Yet, this type of academic research advocate does not fit easily within neoliberal performance-based metrics that are narrowly defined within disciplinary boundaries of contemporary higher education. As I will explain there are other rich rewards in stepping outside of these boundaries while still doing trustworthy, rigorous, theoretical investigations with high-quality traditional academic outputs. The paper presents a case study of research examining the participation and non-participation of people with disability in sport and active recreation.
Darcy, S, Yerbury, H & Maxwell, H 2019, 'Disability citizenship and digital capital: the case of engagement with a social enterprise telco', Information, Communication & Society, vol. 22, no. 4, pp. 538-553.
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© 2018, © 2018 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group. This paper uses as its base a key initiative involving a not-for-profit organisation (NPO), government start-up funding and a social enterprise which evolved through three phases. The purpose of the initiative was the development of a smart phone technology platform for people with disability. The paper’s purpose is to answer questions about the ways in which the mobile technology, seen here as assistive technologies, supported the development of disability citizenship and active citizenship. Data were collected through in-depth interviews conducted at three points in the 13-week programme during which participants with disability received customised support for their phone and training in its use, at no cost. Fifteen participants volunteered to take part in the research project, along with their significant other and service provider. Key themes were identified in the preliminary analysis. Exploring these using Ragnedda’s ([2017]. The third digital divide: A Weberian approach to digital inequalities. Abingdon: Routledge) three levels of digital divide, and Wilson’s ([2006]. The information revolution and developing countries. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press) categories of access allowed a series of philosophical, ethical and human services management questions to emerge, challenging the optimism with which the digital economy is presented as a solution to issues of inequality. Although the mobile technologies were very successful as assistive technologies for some participants, the findings reinforced the potential for such technologies to further entrench aspects of social exclusion. They also identified ways in which the shift in the role of the NPO to social entrepreneurship, and its relationships with government and private enterprise, had the potential to undermine the exercise of disability citizenship by turning participants into consumers.
De Abreu Lourenco, R & Williams, S 2019, 'Health Technology Assessment and Health Care Utilisation in the Management of Early Prostate Cancer', European Urology Focus, vol. 5, no. 2, pp. 134-136.
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© 2018 European Association of Urology Health technology assessment (HTA) is a key tool used to allocate health care funding. A critical aspect of HTA is the performance of economic evaluations that compare the costs and outcomes for competing therapies; these typically rely on data from clinical trials. For early prostate cancer, this represents a challenge, as long-term survival and quality-of-life effects—key outcomes in such evaluations—may require a decade or more of follow-up. Thus, identification of early or intermediate measures of benefit is critical. Systematic reviews of economic evaluations in prostate cancer show that understanding the links between intermediate and final outcomes is important for confidence in assessments of what represents value for money. This highlights the importance of efforts to identify and validate intermediate clinical endpoints for use in determining clinical benefit, and hence value for money, in early prostate cancer. Patient summary: As the costs of providing care rise, the challenge is to ensure that we achieve value for money. In this brief review, we note the importance of clinical trial data in understanding what represents value for money and we highlight current efforts to identify measures that can be used to make decisions on treatment funding sooner.
De Abreu Lourenço, R, Haas, M, Hall, J, Parish, K, Stuart, D & Viney, R 2019, 'My mind is made up: Cancer concern and women’s preferences for contralateral prophylactic mastectomy', European Journal of Cancer Care, vol. 28, no. 4, pp. e13058-e13058.
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© 2019 John Wiley & Sons Ltd The fear of cancer recurrence is cited as a motivator of women's preferences between routine monitoring and contralateral prophylactic mastectomy (CPM) as methods of managing ongoing breast cancer risk. We conducted a discrete choice experiment among a general community sample of women who completed 12 hypothetical choices between routine monitoring and CPM described by aspects of treatment efficacy, safety, cost and involvement in decision-making. Respondents also completed a modified cancer worry question to assess cancer concern. Approximately 57.5% of 464 women always chose one option, typically routine monitoring. The majority (71.5%) reported being concerned about cancer recurrence when completing choice tasks. Latent class analysis identified three groups: preferred routine monitoring; preferred CPM; and “traders” (willing to swap between options). Among traders, women were less likely to choose an option associated with higher risk of recurrence. Women were more likely to choose options associated with less-intrusive monitoring methods and where they were involved in decision-making. Women concerned about cancer recurrence were more likely to choose CPM over monitoring. This study shows that women's preferences about how to manage breast cancer recurrence risk reflect the importance of the associated health effects, experience of care and attitudes to cancer recurrence.
Deplazes, E, White, J, Murphy, C, Cranfield, CG & Garcia, A 2019, 'Competing for the same space: protons and alkali ions at the interface of phospholipid bilayers', Biophysical Reviews, vol. 11, no. 3, pp. 483-490.
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© 2019, International Union for Pure and Applied Biophysics (IUPAB) and Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature. Maintaining gradients of solvated protons and alkali metal ions such as Na+ and K+ across membranes is critical for cellular function. Over the last few decades, both the interactions of protons and alkali metal ions with phospholipid membranes have been studied extensively and the reported interactions of these ions with phospholipid headgroups are very similar, yet few studies have investigated the potential interdependence between proton and alkali metal ion binding at the water–lipid interface. In this short review, we discuss the similarities between the proton–membrane and alkali ion–membrane interactions. Such interactions include cation attraction to the phosphate and carbonyl oxygens of the phospholipid headgroups that form strong lipid–ion and lipid–ion–water complexes. We also propose potential mechanisms that may modulate the affinities of these cationic species to the water–phospholipid interfacial oxygen moieties. This review aims to highlight the potential interdependence between protons and alkali metal ions at the membrane surface and encourage a more nuanced understanding of the complex nature of these biologically relevant processes.
Derakhshani, M, Abbaszadeh, H, Movassaghpour, AA, Mehdizadeh, A, Ebrahimi-Warkiani, M & Yousefi, M 2019, 'Strategies for elevating hematopoietic stem cells expansion and engraftment capacity', Life Sciences, vol. 232, pp. 116598-116598.
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© 2019 Elsevier Inc. Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) are a rare cell population in adult bone marrow, mobilized peripheral blood, and umbilical cord blood possessing self-renewal and differentiation capability into a full spectrum of blood cells. Bone marrow HSC transplantation has been considered as an ideal option for certain disorders treatment including hematologic diseases, leukemia, immunodeficiency, bone marrow failure syndrome, genetic defects such as thalassemia, sickle cell anemia, autoimmune disease, and certain solid cancers. Ex vivo proliferation of these cells prior to transplantation has been proposed as a potential solution against limited number of stem cells. In such culture process, MSCs have also been shown to exhibit high capacity for secretion of soluble mediators contributing to the principle biological and therapeutic activities of HSCs. In addition, endothelial cells have been introduced to bridge the blood and sub tissues in the bone marrow, as well as, HSCs regeneration induction and survival. Cell culture in the laboratory environment requires cell growth strict control to protect against contamination, symmetrical cell division and optimal conditions for maximum yield. In this regard, microfluidic systems provide culture and analysis capabilities in micro volume scales. Moreover, two-dimensional cultures cannot fully demonstrate extracellular matrix found in different tissues and organs as an abstract representation of three dimensional cell structure. Microfluidic systems can also strongly describe the effects of physical factors such as temperature and pressure on cell behavior.
Domínguez Vila, T, Alén González, E & Darcy, S 2019, 'Accessible tourism online resources: a Northern European perspective', Scandinavian Journal of Hospitality and Tourism, vol. 19, no. 2, pp. 140-156.
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© 2018, © 2018 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group. Increasing market opportunities have been identified for accessible tourism as a result of improved quality of life. Disabled tourists tend to be loyal, spend more and enjoy longer stays in their destinations, although their behaviour obviously differs from one country to another. This situation is strongly influenced by the welfare policies that determine the disability model implemented and affect the extent to which disabled people are integrated into day-to-day. Northern European countries are regarded as champions in this respect. When disabled people travel, access to information is important. Information is present throughout the tourism process, not only as a communication and marketing channel, but also as a transmitter of experiences. This study seeks to establish whether the policies and regulations that govern disabled people’s access to online tourist information are applied correctly. The official tourism websites of northern European countries were analysed to this end; whereby different patterns were identified regarding their compliance with the Web Content Accessibility Guidelines. The atypical features of Norway’s official tourism website were found to be particularly noteworthy, as were the official tourism websites for Germany and the United Kingdom, two of the countries with the largest market share of accessible tourism.
Eager, D & Hayati, H 2019, 'Additional Injury Prevention Criteria for Impact Attenuation Surfacing Within Children's Playgrounds', ASCE-ASME Journal of Risk and Uncertainty in Engineering Systems, Part B: Mechanical Engineering, vol. 5, no. 1.
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Ejeian, F, Azadi, S, Razmjou, A, Orooji, Y, Kottapalli, A, Ebrahimi Warkiani, M & Asadnia, M 2019, 'Design and applications of MEMS flow sensors: A review', Sensors and Actuators A: Physical, vol. 295, pp. 483-502.
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© 2019 Elsevier B.V. There is an indispensable need for fluid flow rate and direction sensors in various medical, industrial and environmental applications. Besides the critical demands on sensing range of flow parameters (such as rate, velocity, direction and temperature), the properties of different target gases or liquids to be sensed pose challenges to the development of reliable, inexpensive and low powered sensors. This paper presents an overview of the work done on design and development of Microelectromechanical system (MEMS)-based flow sensors in recent years. In spite of using some similar principles, diverse production methods, analysis strategies, and different sensing materials, MEMS flow sensors can be broadly categorized into three main types, namely thermal sensors, piezoresistive sensors and piezoelectric sensors. Additionally, some key challenges and future prospects for the use of the MEMS flow sensors are discussed briefly.
Ende, JA, Ahmadzad, S, Christensen, JM, Oliver, B, Estephan, T, Alvarado, R, Rimmer, J & Harvey, RJ 2019, 'Isolated respiratory epithelials cell in suspension exhibiting ciliary activity', ASVIDE, vol. 6, pp. 62-62.
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Ende, JA, Ahmadzada, S, Christensen, JM, Oliver, B, Estepha, T, Alvarado, R, Rimmer, J & Harvey, RJ 2019, 'An ALI culture well with well-differentiated respiratory epithelium demonstrating coordinated ciliary activity and mucociliary clearance', ASVIDE, vol. 6, pp. 64-64.
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Ende, JA, Ahmadzada, S, Christensen, JM, Oliver, B, Estephan, T, Alvarado, R, Rimmer, J & Harvey, RJ 2019, 'An ALI culture well exhibiting well-differentiated respiratory epithelium with ciliary activity', ASVIDE, vol. 6, pp. 63-63.
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Ende, JA, Ahmadzada, S, Christensen, JM, Oliver, B, Estephan, T, Alvarado, R, Rimmer, J & Harvey, RJ 2019, 'Environmental responses of virally infected respiratory epithelial cells', Australian Journal of Otolaryngology, vol. 2, no. March, pp. 0-0.
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Background: Rhinovirus, airborne pollution, and allergens are thought to contribute to epithelial dysfunction in chronic airway disease. Objectives were to determine whether these factors act in synergism to induce inflammation and chronic airway disease. Methods: Respiratory mucosa from chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) (n=7) or healthy (n=6) patients were cultured at air-liquid interface (ALI) (culture wells n=204). Cells were infected with rhinovirus, then exposed to combinations of vehicle, diesel particulate matter (DPM), and house dust mite (HDM). Ciliary beating frequency (CBF), interleukin (IL)-6 release, and cytotoxicity were assessed by Sisson-Ammons Video Analysis (SAVA) software, flow cytometry, and LDH assays. Results: Compared with healthy cultures, CRSwNP culture groups had lower baseline CBF. The CBF of virally infected ALI cultures was higher than healthy cultures. Challenges tended to impair CBF more in cells that were also virally infected. There was an elevation in IL-6 with viral infection. Challenge combinations did not cause a different IL-6 or CBF response within groups. Conclusions: An inherent mucosal dysfunction and environmental exposures can worsen sinus disease. Synergism in CBF impairment or IL-6 release was not seen.
Facey, JA, Steele, JR, Violi, JP, Mitrovic, SM & Cranfield, C 2019, 'An examination of microcystin-LR accumulation and toxicity using tethered bilayer lipid membranes (tBLMs)', Toxicon, vol. 158, pp. 51-56.
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Microcystin-LR (MC-LR) is a potent cyanobacterial toxin responsible for animal and human poisonings worldwide. MC-LR is found in organisms throughout the foodweb, however there is conjecture regarding whether it biomagnifies. Few studies have investigated how MC-LR interacts with lipid membranes, a determinant of biomagnification potential. We tested whether 1 μM MC-LR irreversibly associates with lipid bilayers or causes the creation of pore defects upon short and long-term exposure. Using tethered bilayer lipid membranes (tBLMs), we observed an increase in membrane conduction in tBLMs, representing an interaction of microcystin-LR with the lipid bilayer and a change in membrane packing properties. However, there were minimal changes in membrane capacitance upon short and long-term exposure, and MC-LR exhibited a rapid off-rate. Upon 24 h exposure to the toxin, no lipophilic multimeric complexes were detected capable of altering the toxin's off-rate. There was no evidence of the creation of new pores. This study demonstrates that MC-LR does not irreversibly imbed itself into lipids membranes after short or long-term exposure and suggests MC-LR does not biomagnify through the food web via lipid storage.
Fan, X, McLaughlin, C, Robinson, C, Ravasini, J, Schelch, K, Johnson, T, Zandwijk, N, Reid, G & George, AM 2019, 'Zeolites ameliorate asbestos toxicity in a transgenic model of malignant mesothelioma', FASEB BioAdvances, vol. 1, no. 9, pp. 550-560.
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Ferguson, C, Hickman, LD, Phillips, J, Newton, PJ, Inglis, SC, Lam, L & Bajorek, BV 2019, 'An mHealth intervention to improve nurses’ atrial fibrillation and anticoagulation knowledge and practice: the EVICOAG study', European Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing, vol. 18, no. 1, pp. 7-15.
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Ferreira, MA, Gamazon, ER, Al-Ejeh, F, Aittomäki, K, Andrulis, IL, Anton-Culver, H, Arason, A, Arndt, V, Aronson, KJ, Arun, BK, Asseryanis, E, Azzollini, J, Balmaña, J, Barnes, DR, Barrowdale, D, Beckmann, MW, Behrens, S, Benitez, J, Bermisheva, M, Białkowska, K, Blomqvist, C, Bogdanova, NV, Bojesen, SE, Bolla, MK, Borg, A, Brauch, H, Brenner, H, Broeks, A, Burwinkel, B, Caldés, T, Caligo, MA, Campa, D, Campbell, I, Canzian, F, Carter, J, Carter, BD, Castelao, JE, Chang-Claude, J, Chanock, SJ, Christiansen, H, Chung, WK, Claes, KBM, Clarke, CL, Adlard, J, Ahmed, M, Barwell, J, Brady, A, Brewer, C, Cook, J, Davidson, R, Donaldson, A, Eason, J, Eeles, R, Evans, DG, Gregory, H, Hanson, H, Henderson, A, Hodgson, S, Izatt, L, Kennedy, MJ, Lalloo, F, Miller, C, Morrison, PJ, Ong, K-R, Perkins, J, Porteous, ME, Rogers, MT, Side, LE, Snape, K, Walker, L, Harrington, PA, Arnold, N, Auber, B, Bogdanova-Markov, N, Borde, J, Caliebe, A, Ditsch, N, Dworniczak, B, Engert, S, Faust, U, Gehrig, A, Hahnen, E, Hauke, J, Hentschel, J, Herold, N, Honisch, E, Just, W, Kast, K, Larsen, M, Lemke, J, Nguyen, HP, Niederacher, D, Ott, C-E, Platzer, K, Pohl-Rescigno, E, Ramser, J, Rhiem, K, Steinemann, D, Sutter, C, Varon-Mateeva, R, Wang-Gohrke, S, Weber, BHF, Prieur, F, Pujol, P, Sagne, C, Sevenet, N, Sobol, H, Sokolowska, J, Stoppa-Lyonnet, D, Venat-Bouvet, L, Couch, FJ, Cox, A, Cross, SS, Czene, K, Daly, MB, de la Hoya, M, Dennis, J, Devilee, P, Diez, O, Dörk, T, Dunning, AM, Dwek, M, Eccles, DM, Ejlertsen, B, Ellberg, C, Engel, C, Eriksson, M, Fasching, PA, Fletcher, O, Flyger, H, Friedman, E, Frost, D, Gabrielson, M, Gago-Dominguez, M, Ganz, PA, Gapstur, SM, Garber, J, García-Closas, M, García-Sáenz, JA, Gaudet, MM, Giles, GG, Glendon, G, Godwin, AK, Goldberg, MS, Goldgar, DE, González-Neira, A, Greene, MH, Gronwald, J, Guénel, P, Haiman, CA, Hall, P, Hamann, U, He, W, Heyworth, J, Hogervorst, FBL, Hollestelle, A, Hoover, RN, Hopper, JL, Hulick, PJ, Humphreys, K, Imyanitov, EN, Balleine, R, Baxter, R, Braye, S, Carpenter, J, Dahlstrom, J, Forbes, J, Lee, SC, Marsh, D, Morey, A, Pathmanathan, N, Simpson, P, Spigelman, A, Wilcken, N, Yip, D, Heemskerk-Gerritsen, BAM, Rookus, MA, Seynaeve, CM, van der Baan, FH, van der Hout, AH, van der Kolk, LE, van der Luijt, RB, van Deurzen, CHM, van Doorn, HC, van Engelen, K, van Hest, L, van Os, TAM & et al. 2019, 'Genome-wide association and transcriptome studies identify target genes and risk loci for breast cancer', Nature Communications, vol. 10, no. 1, p. 1741.
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Fetherstonhaugh, DM, Rayner, J-A, Beattie, E, Harrington, A, Jeon, Y-H, Moyle, W, Parker, D & Toye, C 2019, 'BUILDING CAPACITY TO CARE FOR OLDER PEOPLE! HOW IS CARE OF THE OLDER PERSON TAUGHT IN AUSTRALIAN SCHOOLS OF NURSING?', Innovation in Aging, vol. 3, no. Supplement_1, pp. S3-S3.
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Figlioli, G, Bogliolo, M, Catucci, I, Caleca, L, Lasheras, SV, Pujol, R, Kiiski, JI, Muranen, TA, Barnes, DR, Dennis, J, Michailidou, K, Bolla, MK, Leslie, G, Aalfs, CM, Balleine, R, Baxter, R, Braye, S, Carpenter, J, Dahlstrom, J, Forbes, J, Lee, CS, Marsh, D, Morey, A, Pathmanathan, N, Scott, R, Simpson, P, Spigelman, A, Wilcken, N, Yip, D, Zeps, N, Adank, MA, Adlard, J, Agata, S, Cadoo, K, Agnarsson, BA, Ahearn, T, Aittomäki, K, Ambrosone, CB, Andrews, L, Anton-Culver, H, Antonenkova, NN, Arndt, V, Arnold, N, Aronson, KJ, Arun, BK, Asseryanis, E, Auber, B, Auvinen, P, Azzollini, J, Balmaña, J, Barkardottir, RB, Barrowdale, D, Barwell, J, Beane Freeman, LE, Beauparlant, CJ, Beckmann, MW, Behrens, S, Benitez, J, Berger, R, Bermisheva, M, Blanco, AM, Blomqvist, C, Bogdanova, NV, Bojesen, A, Bojesen, SE, Bonanni, B, Borg, A, Brady, AF, Brauch, H, Brenner, H, Brüning, T, Burwinkel, B, Buys, SS, Caldés, T, Caliebe, A, Caligo, MA, Campa, D, Campbell, IG, Canzian, F, Castelao, JE, Chang-Claude, J, Chanock, SJ, Claes, KBM, Clarke, CL, Collavoli, A, Conner, TA, Cox, DG, Cybulski, C, Czene, K, Daly, MB, de la Hoya, M, Devilee, P, Diez, O, Ding, YC, Dite, GS, Ditsch, N, Domchek, SM, Dorfling, CM, dos-Santos-Silva, I, Durda, K, Dwek, M, Eccles, DM, Ekici, AB, Eliassen, AH, Ellberg, C, Eriksson, M, Evans, DG, Fasching, PA, Figueroa, J, Flyger, H, Foulkes, WD, Friebel, TM, Friedman, E, Gabrielson, M, Gaddam, P, Gago-Dominguez, M, Gao, C, Gapstur, SM, Garber, J, García-Closas, M, García-Sáenz, JA, Gaudet, MM, Gayther, SA, Belotti, M, Bertrand, O, Birot, A-M, Buecher, B, Caputo, S, Dupré, A, Fourme, E, Gauthier-Villars, M, Golmard, L, Le Mentec, M, Moncoutier, V, de Pauw, A, Saule, C, Boutry-Kryza, N, Calender, A, Giraud, S, Léone, M, Bressac-de-Paillerets, B, Caron, O, Guillaud-Bataille, M, Bignon, Y-J, Uhrhammer, N, Bonadona, V, Lasset, C, Berthet, P, Castera, L, Vaur, D, Bourdon, V, Noguès, C, Noguchi, T, Popovici, C, Remenieras, A, Sobol, H, Coupier, I, Pujol, P, Adenis, C, Dumont, A, Révillion, F, Muller, D, Barouk-Simonet, E, Bonnet, F, Bubien, V, Longy, M, Sevenet, N, Gladieff, L, Guimbaud, R, Feillel, V, Toulas, C, Dreyfus, H, Leroux, CD, Peysselon, M, Rebischung, C, Legrand, C, Baurand, A, Bertolone, G, Coron, F, Faivre, L, Jacquot, C, Lizard, S, Kientz, C, Lebrun, M, Prieur, F, Fert-Ferrer, S, Mari, V, Vénat-Bouvet, L, Bézieau, S & et al. 2019, 'The FANCM:p.Arg658* truncating variant is associated with risk of triple-negative breast cancer', npj Breast Cancer, vol. 5, no. 1.
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Fischer, T, Hosie, A, Luckett, T, Agar, M & Phillips, J 2019, 'Strategies for Pain Assessment in Adult Patients With Delirium: A Scoping Review', Journal of Pain and Symptom Management, vol. 58, no. 3, pp. 487-502.e11. © 2019 American Academy of Hospice and Palliative Medicine Context: Pain and delirium are highly prevalent in the same patient groups. Disturbances in attention, awareness, and cognition are characteristics for delirium and can compromise pain assessment. Objectives: The aim of this review was to examine and map models and understandings of pain and delirium as well as pain assessment instruments and strategies for adult patients with delirium. Methods: A scoping review of all publications that reported on pain assessment in adult patients with delirium was conducted with no time and language constraints, searching Medline, CINAHL, Scopus, Embase, and PsycINFO and systematically assessing for inclusion. Standardized data extraction and a narrative synthesis followed. Results: A total of 90 publications were included in the final analysis. Despite being recommended for practice, no evidence for the use of self-report or behavioral pain assessment instruments in patients with delirium was identified, with the exception of limited evidence for the validity of the Critical Care Pain Observation Tool and Behavioral Pain Scale in delirious intensive care patients. Proxy ratings of pain and comprehensive pain assessment hierarchies were also recommended, but not supported by evidence. Current models and/or understandings of pain and delirium were not applied in most publications. Conclusion: The current literature is insufficient to guide clinical practice in pain assessment in patients with delirium. Future research will be needed to address the validity of existing pain assessment instruments, apply theoretical and conceptual understandings of pain and delirium, and build on prior studies to close evidence gaps. Fleming, C, Gunawan, C, Golzan, M, Torpy, F, Irga, P & Mcgrath, K 2019, 'Investigating the effects of air pollutant nanoparticles on the onset or progression of Alzheimer's disease', IBRO Reports, vol. 6, pp. S329-S330. Fullagar, HHK, McCall, A, Impellizzeri, FM, Favero, T & Coutts, AJ 2019, 'The Translation of Sport Science Research to the Field: A Current Opinion and Overview on the Perceptions of Practitioners, Researchers and Coaches', Sports Medicine, vol. 49, no. 12, pp. 1817-1824. © 2019, Springer Nature Switzerland AG. Evidence-based practice (EBP) is the collated integration of practitioner expertise, athlete values and research evidence aimed to optimise the decision-making process surrounding sport performance. Despite the academic interest afforded to sport science research, our knowledge of how this research is applied in elite sport settings is limited. This current opinion examines the existing evidence of the translation of sport science research into the field, with a tailored focus on the current perceptions of practitioners, researchers and coaches. Recent studies show that practitioners and researchers report they ascertain sport science knowledge differently, with coaches preferring personal interactions compared with coaching courses or scientific journals. The limited peer-reviewed research shows that coaches perceive their knowledge is greater in fields such as tactical/technical areas, rather than physical fitness or general conditioning. This likely explains coaches’ greater perceived value in research dedicated to technical and tactical expertise, as well as mental training and skill acquisition. Practitioners place a large emphasis on the need for research in physical fitness areas, which is likely due to their occupational focus. There are many perceived barriers of sport science research application, including funding, time, coach/player/staff ‘buy in’ and research questions that may not apply to the setting. We contend that researchers and practitioners may benefit in producing research, ascertaining knowledge and disseminating findings in alternative methods that better align with coaches’ needs. In addition, educational strategies that focus on real-world context and promote social interaction between coaches, practitioners, organisational personnel and researchers would likely benefit all stakeholders. Gamble, LD, Purgato, S, Murray, J, Xiao, L, Yu, DMT, Hanssen, KM, Giorgi, FM, Carter, DR, Gifford, AJ, Valli, E, Milazzo, G, Kamili, A, Mayoh, C, Liu, B, Eden, G, Sarraf, S, Allan, S, Di Giacomo, S, Flemming, CL, Russell, AJ, Cheung, BB, Oberthuer, A, London, WB, Fischer, M, Trahair, TN, Fletcher, JI, Marshall, GM, Ziegler, DS, Hogarty, MD, Burns, MR, Perini, G, Norris, MD & Haber, M 2019, 'Inhibition of polyamine synthesis and uptake reduces tumor progression and prolongs survival in mouse models of neuroblastoma', Science Translational Medicine, vol. 11, no. 477. Garcia, MV, Luckett, T, Johnson, M, Hutchinson, A, Lal, S & Phillips, JL 2019, 'The roles of dispositional coping style and social support in helping people with respiratory disease cope with a breathlessness crisis', Journal of Advanced Nursing, vol. 75, no. 9, pp. 1953-1965. Gay, VC, Garcia, JA & Leong, TW 2019, 'Using Asynchronous Exergames to Encourage an Active Ageing Lifestyle: Solitaire Fitness Study Protocol.', Stud Health Technol Inform, vol. 266, pp. 70-75. A healthy and active lifestyle can significantly improve the well-being and quality of life; however, some elderly people struggle to stay motivated and engaged with any form of exercise. The project Elaine (Elderly, AI and New Experiences) addresses this problem by seeking to improve the quality of life of the elderly through exergames. Currently, the project explores a novel approach in the field of health informatics called asynchronous exergaming. This approach, a new trend in games in the health domain, allows the elderly to workout at their own pace, and in their own time, with their physical activity linked asynchronously to a game. This paper presents the study protocol for Solitaire Fitness, a new asynchronous exergame developed by the team. The game aims at increasing the motivation of the elderly to engage in physical exercise whilst helping to maintain their cognitive abilities. It also describes the protocol for the trial. The result of this research has the potential to benefit elderly that need nudging to be motivated to exercise, health care providers treating people with sedentary lifestyles and researchers investigating ways to encourage the elderly to exercise. Gentile, C, Kesteven, S, Wu, J, Bursill, C, Davies, MJ & Figtree, G 2019, 'Abstract 138: A Novel Cellular and Genetic Approach to Investigate the Cardioprotective Role Played by Endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthase in Myocardial Infarction', Circulation Research, vol. 125, no. Suppl_1. Georgevsky, D, Gangoda, SVS & Golzan, SM 2019, 'Postural effects on spontaneous retinal venous pulsations in healthy individuals', Acta Ophthalmologica, vol. 97, no. 6, pp. e839-e843. Georgevsky, D, Retsas, S, Raoufi, N, Shimoni, O & Golzan, SM 2019, 'A longitudinal assessment of retinal function and structure in the APP/PS1 transgenic mouse model of Alzheimer’s disease', Translational Neurodegeneration, vol. 8, no. 1, p. 30. Gerace, D, Martiniello-Wilks, R, Habib, R & Simpson, AM 2019, 'Luciferase-based reporting of suicide gene activity in murine mesenchymal stem cells', PLOS ONE, vol. 14, no. 7, pp. e0220013-e0220013. © 2019 Gerace et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Due to their ease of isolation, gene modification and tumor-homing properties, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are an attractive cellular vehicle for the delivery of toxic suicide genes to a variety of cancers in pre-clinical models. In addition, the incorporation of suicide genes in stem cell-derived cell replacement therapies improves their safety profile by permitting graft destruction in the event of unexpected tumorigeneses or unwanted differentiation. Due to the functional requirement of ATP for the Firefly luciferase gene Luc2 to produce light, luciferase-based reporting of cytotoxicity can be engineered into potential cell therapies. Consequently, we nucleofected mammalian expression plasmids containing both the Luc2 and the yeast fusion cytosine deaminase uracil phosphoribosyltransferase (CDUPRT) genes for expression in murine MSCs to assess luciferase as a reporter of suicide gene cytotoxicity, and MSC as vehicles of suicide gene therapy. In vitro bioluminescence imaging (BLI) showed that following the addition of the non-toxic prodrug fluorocytosine (5-FC), CDUPRT-expressing MSCs displayed enhanced cytotoxicity in comparison to Luc2 reporter MSC controls. This study demonstrates the utility of luciferase as a reporter of CDUPRT-mediated cytotoxicity in murine MSC using BLI. Gerace, D, Martiniello-Wilks, R, Habib, R, Ren, B, Nassif, NT, O’Brien, BA & Simpson, AM 2019, 'Ex Vivo Expansion of Murine MSC Impairs Transcription Factor-Induced Differentiation into Pancreatic β-Cells', Stem Cells International, vol. 2019, pp. 1-15. Gerami, A, Alzahid, Y, Mostaghimi, P, Kashaninejad, N, Kazemifar, F, Amirian, T, Mosavat, N, Ebrahimi Warkiani, M & Armstrong, RT 2019, 'Microfluidics for Porous Systems: Fabrication, Microscopy and Applications', Transport in Porous Media, vol. 130, no. 1, pp. 277-304. © 2018, Springer Nature B.V. No matter how sophisticated the structures are and on what length scale the pore sizes are, fluid displacement in porous media can be visualized, captured, mimicked and optimized using microfluidics. Visualizing transport processes is fundamental to our understanding of complex hydrogeological systems, petroleum production, medical science applications and other engineering applications. Microfluidics is an ideal tool for visual observation of flow at high temporal and spatial resolution. Experiments are typically fast, as sample volume is substantially low with the use of miniaturized devices. This review first discusses the fabrication techniques for generating microfluidics devices, experimental setups and new advances in microfluidic fabrication using three-dimensional printing, geomaterials and biomaterials. We then address multiphase transport in subsurface porous media, with an emphasis on hydrology and petroleum engineering applications in the past few decades. We also cover the application of microfluidics to study membrane systems in biomedical science and particle sorting. Lastly, we explore how synergies across different disciplines can lead to innovations in this field. A number of problems that have been resolved, topics that are under investigation and cutting-edge applications that are emerging are highlighted. Ghaffari Jadidi, M, Valls Miro, J & Dissanayake, G 2019, 'Sampling-based incremental information gathering with applications to robotic exploration and environmental monitoring', The International Journal of Robotics Research, vol. 38, no. 6, pp. 658-685. Ghorbani, F, Abbaszadeh, H, Mehdizadeh, A, Ebrahimi-Warkiani, M, Rashidi, M-R & Yousefi, M 2019, 'Biosensors and nanobiosensors for rapid detection of autoimmune diseases: a review', Microchimica Acta, vol. 186, no. 12. © 2019, Springer-Verlag GmbH Austria, part of Springer Nature. This review (with 77 refs.) describes the progress that has been made in biosensors for the detection of autoimmune diseases, mainly via detection of autoantibodies. In addition, specific proteins, cytokines and ions have also been introduced as promising diagnostic biomarkers. Following an introduction into the various kinds of autoimmune diseases, we first discuss the state of the art in respective electrochemical biosensors and nanobiosensors (with subsections on amperometric, impedimetric, voltammetric and photoelectrochemical methods). The next large chapter covers optical methods (with subsections on electrochemiluminescence, fluorescence and surface plasmon resonance). We then make a critical comparison between commercially available kits used for detection of autoimmune diseases with the established biosensors. Several Tables are also presented that give an overview on the wealth of methods and nanomaterials. Finally, in the conclusion part, we summarize the current status, addresse present issues, and give an outlook on potential future opportunities. [Figure not available: see fulltext.]. Ghorbani, S, Eyni, H, Khosrowpour, Z, Salari Asl, L, Shabani, R, Nazari, H, Mehdizadeh, M, Ebrahimi Warkiani, M & Amjadi, F 2019, 'Spermatogenesis induction of spermatogonial stem cells using nanofibrous poly( Giannopoulos, S, Samardzic, K, Raymond, BBA, Djordjevic, SP & Rodgers, KJ 2019, 'L-DOPA causes mitochondrial dysfunction in vitro: A novel mechanism of L-DOPA toxicity uncovered', The International Journal of Biochemistry & Cell Biology, vol. 117, pp. 105624-105624. In Parkinson's disease (PD), as in many other neurodegenerative disorders, mitochondrial dysfunction, protein misfolding, and proteotoxic stress underly the disease process. For decades, the primary symptomatic treatment for PD has been the dopamine precursor L-DOPA (Levodopa). L-DOPA however can initiate protein misfolding through its ability to mimic the protein amino acid L-tyrosine, resulting in random errors in aminoacylation and L-DOPA becoming mistakenly inserted into the polypeptide chain of proteins in place of L-tyrosine. In the present study we examined the impact that the generation of DOPA-containing proteins had on human neuroblastoma cell (SH-SY5Y) function in vitro. We showed that even in the presence of antioxidants there was a significant accumulation of cytosolic ubiquitin in DOPA-treated cells, an upregulation in the endosomal-lysosomal degradation system, deleterious changes to mitochondrial morphology and a marked decline in mitochondrial function.The effects of L-DOPA on mitochondrial function were not observed with D-DOPA, the stereoisomer of L-DOPA that cannot be inserted into proteins so did not result from oxidative stress. We could fully protect against these effects by co-treatment with L-tyrosine, supporting the view that misincorporation of L-DOPA into proteins contributed to these cytotoxic effects, leading us to suggest that co-treatment with L-tyrosine could be beneficial therapeutically. Gill, AJ, Lim, G, Cheung, VKY, Andrici, J, Perry-Keene, JL, Paik, J, Sioson, L, Clarkson, A, Sheen, A, Luxford, C, Elston, MS, Meyer-Rochow, GY, Nano, MT, Kruijff, S, Engelsman, AF, Sywak, M, Sidhu, SB, Delbridge, LW, Robinson, BG, Marsh, DJ, Toon, CW, Chou, A & Clifton-Bligh, RJ 2019, 'Parafibromin-deficient (HPT-JT Type, CDC73 Mutated) Parathyroid Tumors Demonstrate Distinctive Morphologic Features', American Journal of Surgical Pathology, vol. 43, no. 1, pp. 35-46. Gracia, L, Solanes, JE, Muñoz-Benavent, P, Miro, JV, Perez-Vidal, C & Tornero, J 2019, 'Human-robot collaboration for surface treatment tasks', Interaction Studies, vol. 20, no. 1, pp. 148-184. Grandou, C, Wallace, L, Allen, N, Impellizzeri, F & Coutts, A 2019, 'Overtraining in Resistance Exercise: A Systematic Review and Methodological Appraisal of the Literature', Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport, vol. 22, pp. S85-S85. Guo, K, Chai, R, Candra, H, Guo, Y, Song, R, Nguyen, H & Su, S 2019, 'A Hybrid Fuzzy Cognitive Map/Support Vector Machine Approach for EEG-Based Emotion Classification Using Compressed Sensing', International Journal of Fuzzy Systems, vol. 21, no. 1, pp. 263-273. © 2018, Taiwan Fuzzy Systems Association and Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature. Due to the high dimensional, non-stationary and non-linear properties of electroencephalogram (EEG), a significant portion of research on EEG analysis remains unknown. In this paper, a novel approach to EEG-based human emotion study is presented using Big Data methods with a hybrid classifier. An EEG dataset is firstly compressed using compressed sensing, then, wavelet transform features are extracted, and a hybrid Support Vector Machine (SVM) and Fuzzy Cognitive Map classifier is designed. The compressed data is only one-fourth of the original size, and the hybrid classifier has the average accuracy by 73.32%. Comparing to a single SVM classifier, the average accuracy is improved by 3.23%. These outcomes show that psychological signal can be compressed without the sparsity identity. The stable and high accuracy classification system demonstrates that EEG signal can detect human emotion, and the findings further prove the existence of the inter-relationship between various regions of the brain. Guo, Q, Zhang, Y, Celler, BG & Su, SW 2019, 'Neural Adaptive Backstepping Control of a Robotic Manipulator With Prescribed Performance Constraint', IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks and Learning Systems, vol. 30, no. 12, pp. 3572-3583. IEEE This paper presents an adaptive neural network (NN) control of a two-degree-of-freedom manipulator driven by an electrohydraulic actuator. To restrict the system output in a prescribed performance constraint, a weighted performance function is designed to guarantee the dynamic and steady tracking errors of joint angle in a required accuracy. Then, a radial-basis-function NN is constructed to train the unknown model dynamics of a manipulator by traditional backstepping control (TBC) and obtain the preliminary estimated model, which can replace the preknown dynamics in the backstepping iteration. Furthermore, an adaptive estimation law is adopted to self-tune every trained-node weight, and the estimated model is online optimized to enhance the robustness of the NN controller. The effectiveness of the proposed control is verified by comparative simulation and experimental results with Proportional-integral-derivative and TBC methods. Guo, Z, Yang, C, Maritz, MF, Wu, H, Wilson, P, Warkiani, ME, Chien, C, Kempson, I, Aref, AR & Thierry, B 2019, 'Validation of a Vasculogenesis Microfluidic Model for Radiobiological Studies of the Human Microvasculature', Advanced Materials Technologies, vol. 4, no. 4, pp. 1800726-1800726. Hadzhiev, Y, Qureshi, HK, Wheatley, L, Cooper, L, Jasiulewicz, A, Van Nguyen, H, Wragg, JW, Poovathumkadavil, D, Conic, S, Bajan, S, Sik, A, Hutvàgner, G, Tora, L, Gambus, A, Fossey, JS & Müller, F 2019, 'A cell cycle-coordinated Polymerase II transcription compartment encompasses gene expression before global genome activation', Nature Communications, vol. 10, no. 1. Halson, SL, Hahn, AG & Coutts, AJ 2019, 'Combining Research With “Servicing” to Enhance Sport Performance', International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance, vol. 14, no. 5, pp. 549-550. Hamedi-Shahraki, S, Eshraghian, M-R, Yekaninejad, M-S, Nikoobakht, M, Rasekhi, A, Chen, H & Pakpour, A 2019, 'Health-related quality of life and medication adherence in elderly patients with epilepsy', Neurologia i Neurochirurgia Polska, vol. 53, no. 2, pp. 123-130. OBJECTIVE:Considering the high prevalence of epilepsy in the elderly and the importance of maximising their quality of life (QoL), this study aimed to investigate the relationship between medication adherence and QoL, and the mediating effects of medication adherence on the association between serum antiepileptic drug (AED) level and seizure severity with QoL in elderly epileptics. METHODS:In a longitudinal study, 766 elderly patients with epilepsy who were prescribed a minimum of one antiepileptic drug were selected by convenience sampling method. A Medication Adherence Report Scale (MARS-5) questionnaire was completed at the baseline. Seizure severity and QoL were assessed after six months using the Liverpool Seizure Severity Scale (LSSS) and the QoL in Epilepsy (QOLIE-31) questionnaires respectively. Serum level of AED was also measured at six-month follow-up. RESULTS:Medication adherence was significantly correlated with both seizure severity (β = -0.33, p < 0.0001) and serum AED level (β = 0.29, p < 0.0001) after adjusting for demographic and clinical characteristics. Neither QoL nor its sub-classes were correlated with seizure severity. In addition, a significant correlation was not observed between serum AED level and QoL. However, medication adherence was significantly correlated with QoL (β = 0.30, p < 0.0001). The mediating effects of medication adherence on the association between serum AED level (Z = 3.39, p < 0.001) and seizure severity (Z = -3.47, p < 0.001) with QoL were supported by the Sobel test. CONCLUSION:This study demonstrates that medication adherence has a beneficial impact on QoL in elderly epileptics. Therefore, adherence to treatment should be monitored to improve their QoL. Hayati, H, Mahdavi, F & Eager, D 2019, 'Analysis of Agile Canine Gait Characteristics Using Accelerometry', Sensors, vol. 19, no. 20, pp. 4379-4379. He, P, Smith, A, Gelissen, IC & Ammit, AJ 2019, 'The effect of statins and the synthetic LXR agonist T0901317 on expression of ABCA1 transporter protein in human lung epithelial cell lines in vitro', Pharmacological Reports, vol. 71, no. 6, pp. 1219-1226. BACKGROUND: The pathogenesis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is associated with dyslipidemia, an established co-morbidity. Statins treat hypercholesterolemia, but more recently have been trailed in the setting of COPD for their potential anti-inflammatory benefits. The outcomes of prospective trials however have been inconsistent. Thus, we hypothesize that the variation in results may have been due to statin-induced downregulation of ATP-binding cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1), thereby reducing cholesterol export. This study aims to elucidate whether statin treatment in a cellular model of COPD leads to a decrease in ABCA1 protein expression. METHODS: To mimic the inflammatory environment of COPD, two commonly used lung epithelial cell lines (BEAS-2B and A549) were treated with tumor necrosis factor (TNF), and co-treated with cholesterol/25-hydroxycholesterol (25-OH) to mimic dyslipidemia. ABCA1 protein was detected by Western Blotting. RESULTS: We unexpectedly showed that statins did not affect ABCA1 expression. However, the LXR agonist T0901317 significantly increased ABCA1 expression in both cell lines, while TNF, cholesterol or 25-OH induced ABCA1 protein upregulation in BEAS-2B cells, indicating cell line differences in response. There was also evidence of synergistic impacts of combined treatments on ABCA1 upregulation in BEAS-2B cells. CONCLUSION: Statins did not have an impact on ABCA1 expression in lung epithelial cell lines, disproving our original hypothesis. However, we showed for the first time, the effect of the inflammatory cytokine TNF, cholesterol/25-OH, statins and the LXR agonist T0901317 on expression of ABCA1 transporter protein in human lung epithelial cell lines in vitro. We hope that these in vitro studies may prove beneficial for addressing dyslipidemia in COPD in the future. Henderson, MJ, Fransen, J, McGrath, JJ, Harries, SK, Poulos, N & Coutts, AJ 2019, 'Individual Factors Affecting Rugby Sevens Match Performance', International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance, vol. 14, no. 5, pp. 620-626. Henderson, MJ, Fransen, J, McGrath, JJ, Harries, SK, Poulos, N & Coutts, AJ 2019, 'Situational factors affecting rugby sevens match performance', Science and Medicine in Football, vol. 3, no. 4, pp. 275-280. © 2019, © 2019 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group. Purpose: To examine the independent influence of a range of situational factors on physical and technical match performance during international rugby sevens matches. Methods: Data was collected from 20 professional rugby sevens players from one team across one competitive season. Activity profiles were measured using wearable microtechnology devices, and technical performance measures were collected using match video analysis. A principal components analysis was conducted to reduce the dimensionality of the physical and technical match performance variables into single index values incorporating each variable’s distinct information. Linear mixed models were then constructed to examine the collective influence of external contextual factors on physical and technical index scores. Results: Increased points conceded, a winning match outcome, and more favourable weather all had positive impacts on the Physical Performance Factor, with all other situational factors examined not contributing to a significantly better model fit. Technical Performance Factor values were shown to increase with longer match involvement durations and decrease when playing against higher ranked opponents. Conclusions: These findings show that winning the match, conceding more points, and more favourable weather conditions are associated with increased physical performance; whilst technical performance improved with longer playing durations and playing lower ranked opponents. Heneka, N, Bhattarai, P, Shaw, T, Rowett, D, Lapkin, S & Phillips, JL 2019, 'Clinicians’ perceptions of opioid error–contributing factors in inpatient palliative care services: A qualitative study', Palliative Medicine, vol. 33, no. 4, pp. 430-444. Hesamian, MH, Jia, W, He, X & Kennedy, P 2019, 'Deep Learning Techniques for Medical Image Segmentation: Achievements and Challenges', Journal of Digital Imaging, vol. 32, no. 4, pp. 582-596. © 2019, The Author(s). Deep learning-based image segmentation is by now firmly established as a robust tool in image segmentation. It has been widely used to separate homogeneous areas as the first and critical component of diagnosis and treatment pipeline. In this article, we present a critical appraisal of popular methods that have employed deep-learning techniques for medical image segmentation. Moreover, we summarize the most common challenges incurred and suggest possible solutions. Ho-Pham, LT & Nguyen, TV 2019, 'Association between trabecular bone score and type 2 diabetes: a quantitative update of evidence', Osteoporosis International, vol. 30, no. 10, pp. 2079-2085. © 2019, International Osteoporosis Foundation and National Osteoporosis Foundation. Summary: Patients with type 2 diabetes have an increased risk of fracture despite having a higher areal bone mineral density. This meta-analysis showed that compared with controls, diabetic patients had a lower trabecular bone score (TBS) than non-diabetic individuals, suggesting that TBS can be a useful measurement for the assessment of fracture risk in diabetic patients. Introduction: The association between type 2 diabetes and trabecular bone score (TBS) has not been clear. The present study sought to answer the specific question of whether patients with type 2 diabetes have a lower TBS than those without diabetes. Methods: Using electronic and manual search, we identified 12 studies that had examined the association between type 2 diabetes and TBS between 2013 and 2019. These studies involved 35,546 women and 4962 men aged 30 years and older. We extracted the mean and standard deviation of TBS for patients with and without diabetes. The synthesis of effect sizes was done by the random effects meta-analysis model. Results: Patients with diabetes had significantly lower TBS than those without diabetes, with standardized mean difference being − 0.31 (95% CI, − 0.45 to − 0.16). The difference was greater in women (− 0.50; 95% CI, − 0.69 to − 0.32) than in men (− 0.04; 95% CI, − 0.17 to 0.10). Compared with normal individuals, those with prediabetes had significantly lower TBS (d = − 0.13; 95% CI, − 0.23 to − 0.04; P = 0.005). There was heterogeneity between the studies, with the index of inconsistency (I2) ranging from 92% (in women) to 69.5% (in men). Conclusion: Patients with type 2 diabetes have a lower TBS than non-diabetic individuals, suggesting that TBS can be a useful measurement for the assessment of fracture risk in diabetic patients. Ho-Pham, LT, Tran, B, Do, AT & Nguyen, TV 2019, 'Association between pre-diabetes, type 2 diabetes and trabecular bone score: The Vietnam Osteoporosis Study', Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice, vol. 155, pp. 107790-107790. © 2019 Aims: Trabecular bone score (TBS) is a surrogate indicator of bone microarchitecture. The present study sought to examine the association between type 2 diabetes (T2D) and trabecular bone score (TBS) in adult Vietnamese men and women. Methods: The study was part of the Vietnam Osteoporosis Study, in which 2702 women and 1398 men aged ≥30 years were recruited from the general community in Ho Chi Minh City. HbA1c levels were measured by the ADAMS™ A1c HA-8160 (Arkray, Kyoto, Japan), and classified into 3 groups: normal if HbA1c < 5.7%; pre-diabetes (5.7–6.4%); and diabetes (>6.4%). TBS was evaluated by iNsight Software, version 2.1 (Medimaps, Merignac, France) on lumbar spine BMD scan (Hologic Horizon). Differences in TBS between diabetic status were analyzed by the multivariable regression model with adjustment for age and body mass index. Results: The prevalence of pre-diabetes and diabetes in men and women was 30.2% and 8.3%, respectively. In women, TBS was lower in pre-diabetes (−0.02; P < 0.001) and diabetes (−0.02; P < 0.001) compared with normal individuals. In men, there was no statistically significant difference in TBS between diabetic status. Moreover, TBS was significantly inversely correlated with HbA1c levels in women (P = 0.01), but not in men (P = 0.89). Conclusion: Women, but not men, with type 2 diabetes and pre-diabetes have lower TBS than individuals without diabetes. These data suggest that diabetes and prediabetes are associated with deterioration of bone microarchitecture. Hoppstädter, J & Ammit, AJ 2019, 'Role of Dual-Specificity Phosphatase 1 in Glucocorticoid-Driven Anti-inflammatory Responses', Frontiers in Immunology, vol. 10, no. JUN, p. 1446. Copyright © 2019 Hoppstädter and Ammit. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. Glucocorticoids (GCs) potently inhibit pro-inflammatory responses and are widely used for the treatment of inflammatory diseases, such as allergies, autoimmune disorders, and asthma. Dual-specificity phosphatase 1 (DUSP1), also known as mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) phosphatase-1 (MKP-1), exerts its effects by dephosphorylation of MAPKs, i.e., extracellular-signal-regulated kinase (ERK), p38, and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK). Endogenous DUSP1 expression is tightly regulated at multiple levels, involving both transcriptional and post-transcriptional mechanisms. DUSP1 has emerged as a central mediator in the resolution of inflammation, and upregulation of DUSP1 by GCs has been suggested to be a key mechanism of GC actions. In this review, we discuss the impact of DUSP1 on the efficacy of GC-mediated suppression of inflammation and address the underlying mechanisms. Hosie, A, Phillips, J, Lam, L, Kochovska, S, Noble, B, Brassil, M, Kurrle, SE, Cumming, A, Caplan, GA, Chye, R, Le, B, Ely, EW, Lawlor, PG, Bush, SH, Davis, JM, Lovell, M, Brown, L, Fazekas, B, Cheah, SL, Edwards, L & Agar, M 2019, 'Multicomponent non-pharmacological intervention to prevent delirium for hospitalised people with advanced cancer: study protocol for a phase II cluster randomised controlled trial', BMJ Open, vol. 9, no. 1, pp. e026177-e026177. Hosie, A, Siddiqi, N, Featherstone, I, Johnson, M, Lawlor, PG, Bush, SH, Amgarth-Duff, I, Edwards, L, Cheah, SL, Phillips, J & Agar, M 2019, 'Inclusion, characteristics and outcomes of people requiring palliative care in studies of non-pharmacological interventions for delirium: A systematic review', Palliative Medicine, vol. 33, no. 8, pp. 878-899. Hossain, KR, Turkewitz, DR, Holt, SA, Herson, L, Brown, LJ, Cornell, BA, Curmi, PMG & Valenzuela, SM 2019, 'A conserved GXXXG motif in the transmembrane domain of CLIC proteins is essential for their cholesterol-dependant membrane interaction', Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - General Subjects, vol. 1863, no. 8, pp. 1243-1253. © 2019 Elsevier B.V. Background: Sterols have been reported to modulate conformation and hence the function of several membrane proteins. One such group is the Chloride Intracellular Ion Channel (CLIC)family of proteins. The CLIC protein family consists of six evolutionarily conserved protein members in vertebrates. These proteins exist as both monomeric soluble proteins and as membrane bound proteins. To date, the structure of their membrane-bound form remains unknown. In addition to several studies indicating cellular redox environment and pH as facilitators of CLIC1 insertion into membranes, we have also demonstrated that the spontaneous membrane insertion of CLIC1 is regulated by membrane cholesterol. Method: We have performed Langmuir-film, Impedance Spectroscopy and Molecular Docking Simulations to study the role of this GXXXG motif in CLIC1 interaction with cholesterol. Results: Unlike CLIC1-wild-type protein, the G18A and G22A mutants, that form part of the GXXXG motif, showed much slower initial kinetics and lower ion channel activity compared to the native protein. This difference can be attributed to the significantly reduced membrane interaction and insertion rate of the mutant proteins and/or slower formation of the final membrane configuration of the mutant proteins once in the membrane. Conclusion: In this study, our findings uncover the identification of a GXXXG motif in CLIC1, which likely serves as the cholesterol-binding domain, that facilitates the protein's membrane interaction and insertion. Furthermore, we were able to postulate a model by which CLIC1 can autonomously insert into membranes to form functional ion channels. General significance: Members of the CLIC family of proteins demonstrate unusual structural and dual functional properties – as ion channels and enzymes. Elucidating how the CLIC proteins' interact with membranes, thus allowing them to switch between their soluble and membrane form, will provide key information a... Hu, X, Zheng, W, Zhu, Q, Gu, L, Du, Y, Han, Z, Zhang, X, Carter, DR, Cheung, BB, Qiu, A & Jiang, C 2019, 'Increase in DNA Damage by MYCN Knockdown Through Regulating Nucleosome Organization and Chromatin State in Neuroblastoma', Frontiers in Genetics, vol. 10, no. JUL. © 2019 Hu, Zheng, Zhu, Gu, Du, Han, Zhang, Carter, Cheung, Qiu and Jiang. As a transcription factor, MYCN regulates myriad target genes including the histone chaperone FACT. Moreover, FACT and MYCN expression form a forward feedback loop in neuroblastoma. It is unclear whether MYCN is involved in chromatin remodeling in neuroblastoma through regulation of its target genes. We showed here that MYCN knockdown resulted in loss of the nucleosome-free regions through nucleosome assembly in the promoters of genes functionally enriched for DNA repair. The active mark H3K9ac was removed or replaced by the repressive mark H3K27me3 in the promoters of double-strand break repair-related genes upon MYCN knockdown. Such chromatin state alterations occurred only in MYCN-bound promoters. Consistently, MYCN knockdown resulted in a marked increase in DNA damage in the treatment with hydroxyurea. In contrast, nucleosome reorganization and histone modification changes in the enhancers largely included target genes with tumorigenesis-related functions such as cell proliferation, cell migration, and cell-cell adhesion. The chromatin state significantly changed in both MYCN-bound and MYCN-unbound enhancers upon MYCN knockdown. Furthermore, MYCN knockdown independently regulated chromatin remodeling in the promoters and the enhancers. These findings reveal the novel epigenetic regulatory role of MYCN in chromatin remodeling and provide an alternative potential epigenetic strategy for MYCN-driven neuroblastoma treatment. Huston, WM, Cranfield, CG, Forbes, SL & Leigh, A 2019, 'A sponsorship action plan for increasing diversity in STEMM', Ecology and Evolution, vol. 9, no. 5, pp. 2340-2345. Impellizzeri, FM, Marcora, SM & Coutts, AJ 2019, 'Internal and External Training Load: 15 Years On', International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance, vol. 14, no. 2, pp. 270-273. © 2019 Human Kinetics, Inc. Exercise is a stressor that induces various psychophysiological responses, which mediate cellular adaptations in many organ systems. To maximize this adaptive response, coaches and scientists need to control the stress applied to the athlete at the individual level. To achieve this, precise control and manipulation of the training load are required. In 2003, the authors introduced a theoretical framework to define and conceptualize the measurable constructs of the training process. They described training load as having 2 measurable components: internal and external load. The aim of this commentary is to extend, clarify, and refine both the theoretical framework and the definitions of internal and external training load to avoid misinterpretation of this concept. Jacobs, C, White, S & Phillips, J 2019, 'Genetics in palliative care: too much to ask?', International Journal of Palliative Nursing, vol. 25, no. 5, pp. 212-214. Jones, PM, Mazzio, E, Soliman, K & George, AM 2019, 'In Silico Investigation of the Binding of MCoTI-II Plant Defense Knottin to the γ-NGF Serine Protease of the 7S Nerve Growth Factor Complex and Biological Activity of Its NGF Mimetic Properties', The Journal of Physical Chemistry B, vol. 123, no. 43, pp. 9104-9110. Kaasalainen, S, Sussman, T, McCleary, L, Thompson, G, Hunter, P, Wickson-Griffiths, A, Cook, R, Bello-Haas, VD, Venturato, L, Papaioannou, A, You, J & Parker, D 2019, 'A Stakeholder Analysis of the Strengthening a Palliative Approach in Long-Term Care Model', Canadian Journal of Nursing Leadership, vol. 32, no. 3, pp. 27-39. Copyright © 2019 Longwoods Publishing. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to conduct a stakeholder analysis of the strengthening a palliative approach to long-term care (SPA-LTC) model and refine it based on feedback from long-term care (LTC) residents and their families, staff, researchers and decision makers. METHODS: We used a mixed-methods design to conduct a stakeholder analysis of the SPA-LTC model that consisted of two sequential components: qualitative focus groups with LTC staff followed by a quantitative survey with key stakeholders. RESULTS: Twenty-one LTC staff provided feedback about the SPA-LTC model after residents relocated to LTC, during advanced illness and at end of life and in the period of grief and bereavement. This feedback helped to guide revisions of the model. According to the survey results, the SPA-LTC model was well received by 35 stakeholders, but its feasibility was questioned. CONCLUSION: The Canadian SPA-LTC model is evidence based and endorsed by LTC staff and stakeholders. Efforts are needed to determine the feasibility of implementing the model to ensure that residents' needs are made a priority while in LTC. Kaasalainen, S, Sussman, T, McCleary, L, Thompson, G, Hunter, P, Wickson-Griffiths, A, Cook, R, Bello-Haas, VD, Venturato, L, Papaioannou, A, You, J & Parker, D 2019, 'Palliative Care Models in Long-Term Care: A Scoping Review', Canadian Journal of Nursing Leadership, vol. 32, no. 3, pp. 8-26. Copyright © 2019 Longwoods Publishing. OBJECTIVE: The goal of this scoping review was to identify existing palliative models in long-term care (LTC) homes and differentiate between the key components of each in terms of training/capacity-building strategies; resident, family and staff support; and advance care planning (ACP) and goals-of-care discussions. METHODS: We conducted a scoping review based on established methods to summarize the international literature on palliative models and programs for LTC. We analyzed the data using tabular summaries and content analysis. RESULTS: We extracted data from 46 articles related to palliative programs, training/capacity building, family support, ACP and goals of care. Study results highlighted that three key components are needed in a palliative program in LTC: (1) training and capacity building; (2) support for residents, family and staff; and (3) ACP, goals-of-care discussion and informed consent. CONCLUSION: This scoping review provided important information about key components to be included in a palliative program in LTC. Future work is needed to develop a model that suits the unique characteristics in the Canadian context. Karacan, I, Ben-Nissan, B, Wang, HA, Juritza, A, Swain, MV, Müller, WH, Chou, J, Stamboulis, A, Macha, IJ & Taraschi, V 2019, 'Mechanical testing of antimicrobial biocomposite coating on metallic medical implants as drug delivery system', Materials Science and Engineering: C, vol. 104, no. 109757, pp. 109757-109757. Khan, TA & Ling, SH 2019, 'Review on Electrical Impedance Tomography: Artificial Intelligence Methods and its Applications', Algorithms, vol. 12, no. 5, pp. 88-88. Khawwaf, J, Zheng, J, Chai, R, Lu, R & Man, Z 2019, 'Adaptive Microtracking Control for an Underwater IPMC Actuator Using New Hyperplane-Based Sliding Mode', IEEE/ASME Transactions on Mechatronics, vol. 24, no. 5, pp. 2108-2117. Khoo, WH, Ledergor, G, Weiner, A, Roden, DL, Terry, RL, McDonald, MM, Chai, RC, De Veirman, K, Owen, KL, Opperman, KS, Vandyke, K, Clark, JR, Seckinger, A, Kovacic, N, Nguyen, A, Mohanty, ST, Pettitt, JA, Xiao, Y, Corr, AP, Seeliger, C, Novotny, M, Lasken, RS, Nguyen, TV, Oyajobi, BO, Aftab, D, Swarbrick, A, Parker, B, Hewett, DR, Hose, D, Vanderkerken, K, Zannettino, ACW, Amit, I, Phan, TG & Croucher, PI 2019, 'A niche-dependent myeloid transcriptome signature defines dormant myeloma cells', Blood, vol. 134, no. 1, pp. 30-43. Khorsand, M, Tavakoli, J, Kamanya, K & Tang, Y 2019, 'Simulation of high-output and lightweight sliding-mode triboelectric nanogenerators', Nano Energy, vol. 66, pp. 104115-104115. In light of the rapid growth in microelectronic technology, triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) have been exploited as securely sustainable substitutes for energy scavenging purposes as well as self-powered sensory utilization. In essence, TENGs’ energy output and average power distribution depend highly on certain key parameters including contact area, the thickness of electric films and external resistance. This study attempts to predict the behavior of TENGs based on variation of those key parameters and tries to optimize the associated characteristics leading to high-output and light-weight sliding-mode TENGs. To meet this problem, an artificial intelligence approach is taken into consideration and solutions for load resistance and geometry are presented. Furthermore, an experimental setup is designed to evaluate the accuracy of the simulation results, demonstrating the precision of the applied theory. The results revealed that the predefined sliding-mode TENG can harvest 0.25 mJ at each cycle in an open-circuit condition where the weight is almost 42.91 g. Moreover, simulation proves that an appropriate value for the external resistor can increase the scavenged energy up to 3.65 mJ at each reciprocal movement. Finally, temporal responses for charge, current, voltage, power output, and harvested energy are plotted and discussed, facilitating understanding of the relationship between scavenged energy and optimized parameters. Khuat, TT & Gabrys, B 2019, 'A comparative study of general fuzzy min-max neural networks for pattern classification problems', Neurocomputing, 2019, vol. 386, pp. 110-125. General fuzzy min-max (GFMM) neural network is a generalization of fuzzyneural networks formed by hyperbox fuzzy sets for classification and clusteringproblems. Two principle algorithms are deployed to train this type of neuralnetwork, i.e., incremental learning and agglomerative learning. This paperpresents a comprehensive empirical study of performance influencing factors,advantages, and drawbacks of the general fuzzy min-max neural network onpattern classification problems. The subjects of this study include (1) theimpact of maximum hyperbox size, (2) the influence of the similarity thresholdand measures on the agglomerative learning algorithm, (3) the effect of datapresentation order, (4) comparative performance evaluation of the GFMM withother types of fuzzy min-max neural networks and prevalent machine learningalgorithms. The experimental results on benchmark datasets widely used inmachine learning showed overall strong and weak points of the GFMM classifier.These outcomes also informed potential research directions for this class ofmachine learning algorithms in the future. Khuat, TT, Chen, F & Gabrys, B 2019, 'An Effective Multi-Resolution Hierarchical Granular Representation based Classifier using General Fuzzy Min-Max Neural Network', IEEE Transactions on Fuzzy Systems, pp. 1-1, 2019, vol. 29, no. 2, pp. 427-441. Motivated by the practical demands for simplification of data towards beingconsistent with human thinking and problem solving as well as tolerance ofuncertainty, information granules are becoming important entities in dataprocessing at different levels of data abstraction. This paper proposes amethod to construct classifiers from multi-resolution hierarchical granularrepresentations (MRHGRC) using hyperbox fuzzy sets. The proposed approach formsa series of granular inferences hierarchically through many levels ofabstraction. An attractive characteristic of our classifier is that it canmaintain relatively high accuracy at a low degree of granularity based onreusing the knowledge learned from lower levels of abstraction. In addition,our approach can reduce the data size significantly as well as handling theuncertainty and incompleteness associated with data in real-world applications.The construction process of the classifier consists of two phases. The firstphase is to formulate the model at the greatest level of granularity, while thelater stage aims to reduce the complexity of the constructed model and deduceit from data at higher abstraction levels. Experimental outcomes conductedcomprehensively on both synthetic and real datasets indicated the efficiency ofour method in terms of training time and predictive performance in comparisonto other types of fuzzy min-max neural networks and common machine learningalgorithms. Khuat, TT, Ruta, D & Gabrys, B 2019, 'Hyperbox based machine learning algorithms: A comprehensive survey', Soft Computing, vol. 25, no. 2, pp. 1325-1363. With the rapid development of digital information, the data volume generatedby humans and machines is growing exponentially. Along with this trend, machinelearning algorithms have been formed and evolved continuously to discover newinformation and knowledge from different data sources. Learning algorithmsusing hyperboxes as fundamental representational and building blocks are abranch of machine learning methods. These algorithms have enormous potentialfor high scalability and online adaptation of predictors built using hyperboxdata representations to the dynamically changing environments and streamingdata. This paper aims to give a comprehensive survey of literature onhyperbox-based machine learning models. In general, according to thearchitecture and characteristic features of the resulting models, the existinghyperbox-based learning algorithms may be grouped into three major categories:fuzzy min-max neural networks, hyperbox-based hybrid models, and otheralgorithms based on hyperbox representations. Within each of these groups, thispaper shows a brief description of the structure of models, associated learningalgorithms, and an analysis of their advantages and drawbacks. Mainapplications of these hyperbox-based models to the real-world problems are alsodescribed in this paper. Finally, we discuss some open problems and identifypotential future research directions in this field. Koach, J, Holien, JK, Massudi, H, Carter, DR, Ciampa, OC, Herath, M, Lim, T, Seneviratne, JA, Milazzo, G, Murray, JE, McCarroll, JA, Liu, B, Mayoh, C, Keenan, B, Stevenson, BW, Gorman, MA, Bell, JL, Doughty, L, Hüttelmaier, S, Oberthuer, A, Fischer, M, Gifford, AJ, Liu, T, Zhang, X, Zhu, S, Gustafson, WC, Haber, M, Norris, MD, Fletcher, JI, Perini, G, Parker, MW, Cheung, BB & Marshall, GM 2019, 'Drugging MYCN Oncogenic Signaling through the MYCN-PA2G4 Binding Interface', Cancer Research, vol. 79, no. 21, pp. 5652-5667. Kulasinghe, A, Kapeleris, J, Cooper, C, Warkiani, ME, O’Byrne, K & Punyadeera, C 2019, 'Phenotypic Characterization of Circulating Lung Cancer Cells for Clinically Actionable Targets', Cancers, vol. 11, no. 3, pp. 380-380. Laffer, JC, Coutts, AJ & Fransen, J 2019, 'Effect of Skill Level on Allocation of Visual Attention in Volleyball Blocking', Journal of Motor Learning and Development, vol. 7, no. 2, pp. 215-231. Lagad, A, Hodgkinson, K & Newton‐John, TRO 2019, 'Is ignorance bliss, or is knowledge power? When cancer healthcare professionals become cancer patients', European Journal of Cancer Care, vol. 28, no. 4. © 2019 John Wiley & Sons Ltd Cancer healthcare professionals who are diagnosed with cancer enter the patient journey with considerable illness-specific and healthcare expertise, which may influence the nature of their experience. Insights gained from having personal cancer experience may also lead to changes in professionals' subsequent clinical practice. This study explored cancer professional-patients' experiences of their own cancer diagnosis, changes in practice, and recommendations for cancer care improvements. Participants were current or former cancer healthcare professionals who had ever received a cancer diagnosis. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 26 participants. Thematic analysis with an inductive approach was used for data analysis. Cancer professional-patients faced unique needs, benefits and disadvantages due to their professional background, which both aided and marred their personal cancer experience. Individuals reported subjective practical and emotional-related improvements in their clinical practice, although adverse emotional consequences upon returning to work were also prevalent. Care recommendations highlighted the importance of communication skills training for professionals, integrating psychological support, and providing patient-centred care. In order to provide optimal care for cancer professional-patients, providers must acknowledge their distinct challenges. Findings may help to foster improvements in cancer care practices through developing guidelines for treating cancer professional-patients, and as part of narrative-based medicine. Lan, C, Peng, H, Hutvagner, G & Li, J 2019, 'Construction of competing endogenous RNA networks from paired RNA-seq data sets by pointwise mutual information', BMC Genomics, vol. 20, no. S9, p. 943. Le, NT & Hoang, DB 2019, 'A Threat Computation Model using a Markov Chain and Common Vulnerability Scoring System and its Application to Cloud Security', Journal of Telecommunications and the Digital Economy, vol. 7, no. 1, pp. 37-56. Li, A, Geyer, FC, Blecua, P, Lee, JY, Selenica, P, Brown, DN, Pareja, F, Lee, SSK, Kumar, R, Rivera, B, Bi, R, Piscuoglio, S, Wen, HY, Lozada, JR, Gularte-Mérida, R, Cavallone, L, Aghmesheh, M, Amor, D, Andrews, L, Antill, Y, Balleine, R, Beesley, J, Blackburn, A, Bogwitz, M, Brown, M, Burgess, M, Burke, J, Butow, P, Caldon, L, Campbell, I, Christian, A, Clarke, C, Cohen, P, Crook, A, Cui, J, Cummings, M, Dawson, S-J, De Fazio, A, Delatycki, M, Dobrovic, A, Dudding, T, Duijf, P, Edkins, E, Edwards, S, Farshid, G, Fellows, A, Field, M, Flanagan, J, Fong, P, Forbes, J, Forrest, L, Fox, S, French, J, Friedlander, M, Ortega, DG, Gattas, M, Giles, G, Gill, G, Gleeson, M, Greening, S, Haan, E, Harris, M, Hayward, N, Hickie, I, Hopper, J, Hunt, C, James, P, Jenkins, M, Kefford, R, Kentwell, M, Kirk, J, Kollias, J, Lakhani, S, Lindeman, G, Lipton, L, Lobb, L, Lok, S, Macrea, F, Mann, G, Marsh, D, McLachlan, S-A, Meiser, B, Milne, R, Nightingale, S, O’Connell, S, Pachter, N, Patterson, B, Phillips, K, Saleh, M, Salisbury, E, Saunders, C, Saunus, J, Scott, C, Scott, R, Sexton, A, Shelling, A, Simpson, P, Spigelman, A, Spurdle, M, Stone, J, Taylor, J, Thorne, H, Trainer, A, Trench, G, Tucker, K, Visvader, J, Walker, L, Wallis, M, Williams, R, Winship, I, Wu, K, Young, MA, Rezoug, Z, Nguyen-Dumont, T, Peterlongo, P, Tondini, C, Terkelsen, T, Rønlund, K, Boonen, SE, Mannerma, A, Winqvist, R, Janatova, M, Rajadurai, P, Xia, B, Norton, L, Robson, ME, Ng, P-S, Looi, L-M, Southey, MC, Weigelt, B, Soo-Hwang, T, Tischkowitz, M, Foulkes, WD & Reis-Filho, JS 2019, 'Publisher Correction: Homologous recombination DNA repair defects in PALB2-associated breast cancers', npj Breast Cancer, vol. 5, no. 1. Li, A, Geyer, FC, Blecua, P, Lee, JY, Selenica, P, Brown, DN, Pareja, F, Lee, SSK, Kumar, R, Rivera, B, Bi, R, Piscuoglio, S, Wen, HY, Lozada, JR, Gularte-Mérida, R, Cavallone, L, Rezoug, Z, Nguyen-Dumont, T, Peterlongo, P, Tondini, C, Terkelsen, T, Rønlund, K, Boonen, SE, Mannerma, A, Winqvist, R, Janatova, M, Rajadurai, P, Xia, B, Norton, L, Robson, ME, Ng, P-S, Looi, L-M, Southey, MC, Weigelt, B, Soo-Hwang, T, Tischkowitz, M, Foulkes, WD, Reis-Filho, JS, Aghmesheh, M, Amor, D, Andrews, L, Antill, Y, Balleine, R, Beesley, J, Blackburn, A, Bogwitz, M, Brown, M, Burgess, M, Burke, J, Butow, P, Caldon, L, Campbell, I, Christian, A, Clarke, C, Cohen, P, Crook, A, Cui, J, Cummings, M, Dawson, S-J, De Fazio, A, Delatycki, M, Dobrovic, A, Dudding, T, Duijf, P, Edkins, E, Edwards, S, Farshid, G, Fellows, A, Field, M, Flanagan, J, Fong, P, Forbes, J, Forrest, L, Fox, S, French, J, Friedlander, M, Ortega, DG, Gattas, M, Giles, G, Gill, G, Gleeson, M, Greening, S, Haan, E, Harris, M, Hayward, N, Hickie, I, Hopper, J, Hunt, C, James, P, Jenkins, M, Kefford, R, Kentwell, M, Kirk, J, Kollias, J, Lakhani, S, Lindeman, G, Lipton, L, Lobb, L, Lok, S, Macrea, F, Mann, G, Marsh, D, McLachlan, S-A, Meiser, B, Milne, R, Nightingale, S, O’Connell, S, Pachter, N, Patterson, B, Phillips, K, Saleh, M, Salisbury, E, Saunders, C, Saunus, J, Scott, C, Scott, R, Sexton, A, Shelling, A, Simpson, P, Spigelman, A, Spurdle, M, Stone, J, Taylor, J, Thorne, H, Trainer, A, Trench, G, Tucker, K, Visvader, J, Walker, L, Wallis, M, Williams, R, Winship, I, Wu, K & Young, MA 2019, 'Homologous recombination DNA repair defects in PALB2-associated breast cancers', npj Breast Cancer, vol. 5, no. 1. Li, G, Chan, YL, Nguyen, LT, Mak, C, Zaky, A, Anwer, AG, Shi, Y, Nguyen, T, Pollock, CA, Oliver, BG, Saad, S & Chen, H 2019, 'Impact of maternal e‐cigarette vapor exposure on renal health in the offspring', Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, vol. 1452, no. 1, pp. 65-77. Li, G, Chan, YL, Sukjamnong, S, Anwer, AG, Vindin, H, Padula, M, Zakarya, R, George, J, Oliver, BG, Saad, S & Chen, H 2019, 'A Mitochondrial Specific Antioxidant Reverses Metabolic Dysfunction and Fatty Liver Induced by Maternal Cigarette Smoke in Mice', Nutrients, vol. 11, no. 7, pp. 1669-1669. Lim, CED, Ng, RWC, Cheng, NCL, Zhang, GS & Chen, H 2019, 'Acupuncture for polycystic ovarian syndrome', Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, vol. 2019, no. 7, p. CD007689. © 2019 The Cochrane Collaboration. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. Background Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is characterised by the clinical signs of oligo-amenorrhoea, infertility and hirsutism. Conventional treatment of PCOS includes a range of oral pharmacological agents, lifestyle changes and surgical modalities. Beta-endorphin is present in the follicular fluid of both normal and polycystic ovaries. It was demonstrated that the beta-endorphin levels in ovarian follicular fluid of otherwise healthy women who were undergoing ovulation were much higher than the levels measured in plasma. Given that acupuncture impacts on beta-endorphin production, which may affect gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) secretion, it is postulated that acupuncture may have a role in ovulation induction via increased beta-endorphin production effecting GnRH secretion. This is an update of our previous review published in 2016. Objectives To assess the effectiveness and safety of acupuncture treatment for oligo/anovulatory women with polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) for both fertility and symptom control. Search methods We identified relevant studies from databases including the Gynaecology and Fertility Group Specialised Register, CENTRAL, MED-LINE, Embase, PsycINFO, CNKI, CBM and VIP. We also searched trial registries and reference lists from relevant papers. CENTRAL, MEDLINE, Embase, PsycINFO, CNKI and VIP searches are current to May 2018. CBM database search is to November 2015. Selection criteria We included randomised controlled trials (RCTs) that studied the efficacy of acupuncture treatment for oligo/anovulatory women with PCOS. We excluded quasi-or pseudo-RCTs. Data collection and analysis Two review authors independently selected the studies, extracted data and assessed risk of bias. We calculated risk ratios (RR), mean difference (MD), standardised mean difference (SMD) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Primary outcomes were live birth rate, multi... Liu, G, Cooley, MA, Jarnicki, AG, Borghuis, T, Nair, PM, Tjin, G, Hsu, AC, Haw, TJ, Fricker, M, Harrison, CL, Jones, B, Hansbro, NG, Wark, PA, Horvat, JC, Argraves, WS, Oliver, BG, Knight, DA, Burgess, JK & Hansbro, PM 2019, 'Fibulin-1c regulates transforming growth factor–β activation in pulmonary tissue fibrosis', JCI Insight, vol. 4, no. 16. Copyright: © 2019, American Society for Clinical Investigation. Tissue remodeling/fibrosis is a major feature of all fibrotic diseases, including idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). It is underpinned by accumulating extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins. Fibulin-1c (Fbln1c) is a matricellular ECM protein associated with lung fibrosis in both humans and mice and stabilizes collagen formation. Here we discovered that Fbln1c was increased in the lung tissues of patients with IPF and experimental bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis. Fbln1c-deficient (Fbln1c–/–) mice had reduced pulmonary remodeling/fibrosis and improved lung function after bleomycin challenge. Fbln1c interacted with fibronectin, periostin, and tenascin-C in collagen deposits following bleomycin challenge. In a potentially novel mechanism of fibrosis, Fbln1c bound to latent TGF-β–binding protein 1 (LTBP1) to induce TGF-β activation and mediated downstream Smad3 phosphorylation/signaling. This process increased myofibroblast numbers and collagen deposition. Fbln1c and LTBP1 colocalized in lung tissues from patients with IPF. Thus, Fbln1c may be a novel driver of TGF-β–induced fibrosis involving LTBP1 and may be an upstream therapeutic target. Liu, PY, Tee, AE, Milazzo, G, Hannan, KM, Maag, J, Mondal, S, Atmadibrata, B, Bartonicek, N, Peng, H, Ho, N, Mayoh, C, Ciaccio, R, Sun, Y, Henderson, MJ, Gao, J, Everaert, C, Hulme, AJ, Wong, M, Lan, Q, Cheung, BB, Shi, L, Wang, JY, Simon, T, Fischer, M, Zhang, XD, Marshall, GM, Norris, MD, Haber, M, Vandesompele, J, Li, J, Mestdagh, P, Hannan, RD, Dinger, ME, Perini, G & Liu, T 2019, 'The long noncoding RNA lncNB1 promotes tumorigenesis by interacting with ribosomal protein RPL35', Nature Communications, vol. 10, no. 1. Liu, T, Zhang, W, Ye, L, Ueland, M, Forbes, SL & Su, SW 2019, 'A novel multi-odour identification by electronic nose using non-parametric modelling-based feature extraction and time-series classification', Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical, vol. 298, pp. 126690-126690. © 2019 Elsevier B.V. The electronic nose (e-nose) is an olfaction system that consists of an array of chemical sensors and effective machine learning algorithms for the detection of various target odours. Feature extraction and classification methods are of great importance in improving the performance of the e-nose system. In this paper, a novel odour identification method is presented. Firstly, we use the kernel-based system modelling approach to extract odour features. Its solution is a series of finite impulse responses which containing discriminant information of different odours. In addition, a parameter optimisation method based on normalised mean square error and information entropy is proposed to optimise the kernel function. The entropy is effective in preventing the finite impulse responses from overfitting. Multi-odour classification is achieved based on Gaussian mixture density hidden Markov model (GMM-HMM) considering the characteristic of the extracted features. Also, parameter selection for GMM-HMM is realised according to BIC index and cross-validation. Then, we validate the performance of the proposed feature extraction method in resistance to noise and compare it with other existed features. The modelling-based feature reached the highest performance even without applying any filtering or smoothing techniques. Finally, we compare the proposed combination of feature extraction and classification algorithms with other approaches. The proposed method outperformed other approaches reaching 93.56% in sensitivity and 98.71% in specificity. The results demonstrate that the proposed method is applicable in e-nose-based odour identification. Liu, Y, Yu, Z, Dinger, ME & Li, J 2019, 'Index suffix–prefix overlaps by (w, k)-minimizer to generate long contigs for reads compression', Bioinformatics, vol. 35, no. 12, pp. 2066-2074. Liu, Y, Zhang, LY & Li, J 2019, 'Fast detection of maximal exact matches via fixed sampling of queryK-mers and Bloom filtering of indexK-mers', Bioinformatics, vol. 35, no. 22, pp. 4560-4567. Lovell, M, Birch, M-R, Luckett, T, Phillips, J, Davidson, PM, Agar, M & Boyle, F 2019, 'Screening and Audit as Service-Level Strategies to Support Implementation of Australian Guidelines for Cancer Pain Management in Adults: A Feasibility Study', Pain Management Nursing, vol. 20, no. 2, pp. 113-117. BACKGROUND:Pain in people with cancer is common but often under-recognized and under-treated. Guidelines can improve the quality of pain care, but need targeted strategies to support implementation. AIM:To test the feasibility of two service-level strategies for supporting guideline implementation: a screening system and medical record audit. DESIGN:Multimethods. SETTING:One oncology outpatient service, and one palliative care outpatient and inpatient service. PARTICIPANTS:Patients with advanced cancer. METHODS:Patients were screened in the waiting room with a modified version of the Edmonton Symptom Assessment System-revised either electronically or in paper-based format. Feasibility indicated the percentage of patients successfully screened from the total number attending the services. An audit assessed adherence to key indicators of pain assessment and management. Feasibility thresholds were set at 75% incidence for screening and a median of 30 minutes per patient for audit. RESULTS:Of 452 patient visits, 95% (n = 429) were successfully screened, 34% (n = 155) electronically and 61% (n = 274) paper-based. Electronic pain screening was technically challenging and time-intensive for nurses. Thirty-one patients consented to have their records audited. The median audit time was 37.5 minutes (range 10-120 minutes). Variability arose from the number and type of record (outpatient or inpatient). Adherence to indicators varied from 63% (pain assessment at first presentation) to 94% (regular pain assessment and medication prescribed at regular intervals). CONCLUSIONS:This study confirmed the need to implement evidence-based guidelines for cancer pain and generated useful insights into the feasibility of pain screening and audit. Lovell, TWJ, Fransen, J, Bocking, CJ & Coutts, AJ 2019, 'Factors affecting sports involvement in a school-based youth cohort: Implications for long-term athletic development', Journal of Sports Sciences, vol. 37, no. 22, pp. 2522-2529. The aim of the present study was to determine the factors affecting sports involvement in a school-based adolescent population. The cross-sectional cohort study assessed anthropometry, physical capacities and motor competence in 501 boys (aged 10-16 y), from junior (10-12 y) and senior (13-16 y) cohorts. Sports participation data was collected from junior participants. Multivariate analysis of covariance revealed moderate maturity, anthropometry, physical capacity and motor competence differences between sports in the senior cohort (F = 2.616, p < 0.001, η2 = .08), but not in the junior cohort. Furthermore, differences in physical fitness were revealed between playing levels (F = 2.616, p < 0.001, η2 = .08), with a discriminant analysis correctly classifying 73% of participants using aerobic fitness and vertical jump measures. Representative level participants engaged in more structured training and commenced organised competition at a later age (F = 4.332, p < 0.001, η2 = .21). This study's findings are twofold: 1) physical and motor competence profiles differ more between sports with increasing age, and 2) participants at a higher level of competition report delayed engagement in their main sport. As a result, schools may be the ideal environment in which to provide children and adolescents with the opportunity to sample different sports. Luckett, T, Agar, M, DiGiacomo, M, Ferguson, C, Lam, L & Phillips, J 2019, 'Health status of people who have provided informal care or support to an adult with chronic disease in the last 5 years: results from a population-based cross-sectional survey in South Australia', Australian Health Review, vol. 43, no. 4, pp. 408-408. Luckett, T, Agar, M, DiGiacomo, M, Lam, L & Phillips, J 2019, 'Health status in South Australians caring for people with cancer: A population‐based study', Psycho-Oncology, vol. 28, no. 11, pp. 2149-2156. Luckett, T, Davidson, PM, Green, A, Marie, N, Birch, M-R, Stubbs, J, Phillips, J, Agar, M, Boyle, F & Lovell, M 2019, 'Development of a cancer pain self-management resource to address patient, provider, and health system barriers to care', Palliative and Supportive Care, vol. 17, no. 04, pp. 472-478. Luckett, T, Phillips, J, Currow, DC, Agar, M & Molassiotis, A 2019, 'Cough in lung cancer: A survey of current practice among Australian health professionals', Collegian, vol. 26, no. 6, pp. 629-633. © 2019 Australian College of Nursing Ltd Background: Systematic reviews and guidelines are available to guide management of cough in lung cancer, but evidence for intervention efficacy is limited, and little research has yet described current practice. Aim: To canvass the experiences and perspectives of Australian health professionals with regard to the clinical importance and current management of cough in people with lung cancer. Methods: An open, online, cross-sectional survey was conducted in 2018. Health professionals of all disciplines were eligible, and recruitment was by direct approach to lung cancer multidisciplinary teams, professional listservs and conferences. Findings: Fifty-eight people completed the survey, of whom 26 (45%) were medical practitioners, 21 (36%) registered nurses, and 10 (17%) allied health practitioners. Nearly all (>90%) considered cough to be of clinical concern and welcomed efforts to improve management. In most services, ≤25% of patients with clinically concerning cough receive management. Opiates were perceived to be the most consistently effective pharmacological strategy, with ≥50% participants indicating minimal or variable effectiveness for all others. The few participants who had experience of non-pharmacological strategies perceived these to be only somewhat or variably effective. Discussion: Results from this study identified variability in the management of cough associated with lung cancer, and suggest this problem may be under-treated in most services. Unmet needs identified by this study are likely under-estimated due to the volunteer effect associated with open surveys. Conclusion: Further efforts are needed to raise awareness about the importance of managing cough and provide evidence-based strategies for this population. Luong, NT, Vo, TT & Hoang, D 2019, 'FAPRP: A Machine Learning Approach to Flooding Attacks Prevention Routing Protocol in Mobile Ad Hoc Networks', Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing, vol. 2019, pp. 1-17. Lynch, M, De Abreu Lourenco, R, Flattery, M & Haas, M 2019, 'Reviewing the cost‐effectiveness of long‐acting reversible contraceptive methods in an Australian context', Australian and New Zealand Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, vol. 59, no. 1, pp. 21-35. Macha, IJ, Ben-Nissan, B, Vilchevskaya, EN, Morozova, AS, Abali, BE, Müller, WH & Rickert, W 2019, 'Drug Delivery From Polymer-Based Nanopharmaceuticals—An Experimental Study Complemented by Simulations of Selected Diffusion Processes', Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology, vol. 7. The success of medical therapy depends on the correct amount and the appropriate delivery of the required drugs for treatment. By using biodegradable polymers a drug delivery over a time span of weeks or even months is made possible. This opens up a variety of strategies for better medication. The drug is embedded in a biodegradable polymer (the "carrier") and injected in a particular position of the human body. As a consequence of the interplay between the diffusion process and the degrading polymer the drug is released in a controlled manner. In this work we study the controlled release of medication experimentally by measuring the delivered amount of drug within a cylindrical shell over a long time interval into the body fluid. Moreover, a simple continuum model of the Fickean type is initially proposed and solved in closed-form. It is used for simulating some of the observed release processes for this type of carrier and takes the geometry of the drug container explicitly into account. By comparing the measurement data and the model predictions diffusion coefficients are obtained. It turns out that within this simple model the coefficients change over time. This contradicts the idea that diffusion coefficients are constants independent of the considered geometry. The model is therefore extended by taking an additional absorption term into account leading to a concentration dependent diffusion coefficient. This could now be used for further predictions of drug release in carriers of different shape. For a better understanding of the complex diffusion and degradation phenomena the underlying physics is discussed in detail and even more sophisticated models involving different degradation and mass transport phenomena are proposed for future work and study. Macha, IJ, Karacan, I, Ben-Nissan, B, Cazalbou, S & Müller, WH 2019, 'Development of antimicrobial composite coatings for drug release in dental, orthopaedic and neural prostheses applications', SN Applied Sciences, vol. 1, no. 1. While one of the major clinical and scientific challenges in the management of implant-related infections and post-operative complications after surgery is the application of new techniques, a new approach is pertinent in the design of medical implants to reduce bacterial infections. We have designed and tested antibiotic-containing biocomposite thin films of polylactic acid (PLA), and coralline-derived hydroxyapatite (HAp) as controlled drug delivery systems for the treatment of dental, orthopaedic and neural implant-related post-operative infections. These films can be applied to complicated designs of dental, miniaturized neural devices, cochlear or total hip replacement (THR) implants by spray or dip-coating techniques. Current results reveal that the devices could release antibiotic in a controlled manner to prevent significantly bacterial growth and biofilm production. Hydroxyapatite within the composites controls the release rate and also supplies minerals, such as calcium Ca2+ and phosphate PO42− ions, which are essential minerals for bone tissue regeneration. It is concluded from the physical, mechanical and biological properties that these coatings and devices could easily be utilized in a wide range of biomedical applications. Machaalani, R, Thawley, M, Huang, J & Chen, H 2019, 'Effects of prenatal cigarette smoke exposure on BDNF, PACAP, microglia and gliosis expression in the young male mouse brainstem', NeuroToxicology, vol. 74, pp. 40-46. © 2019 Elsevier B.V. Cigarette smoke exposure during pregnancy into infancy affects brain growth and development in both short and long term (into adulthood). Using a mouse model of pre- into post- natal cigarette smoke exposure (SE), we aimed to determine the effects on brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and its receptor TrkB, neuropeptide pituitary adenylate cyclase activating polypeptide (PACAP) and its receptor PAC1, and astrocyte (GFAP) and microglia (Iba-1) immunohistochemical expression, in seven nuclei of the medulla and the facial (FAC) nucleus of the pons. Male pups of dams exposed to two cigarettes (nicotine <1.2 mg, CO <15 mg) twice daily for six weeks prior to mating, during gestation and lactation (n = 5; SE), were compared to pups exposed to air under the same condition (n = 5; SHAM) at postnatal day 20. Expression changes were only evident for BDNF, TrkB and PAC1 and included decreased BDNF in the hypoglossal (XII) nucleus and nucleus of the solitary tract (NTS), increased TrkB in XII but decreased TrkB in the FAC, and increased PAC1 in 4 nuclei of the medulla including the NTS. These results suggest that the effect of SE on the brainstem are region and marker selective, affecting regions of respiratory control (XII and NTS), and restricted to the BDNF system and PAC1, with no effect on activation states of astrocytes or microglia. MacManus, M, De Abreu Lourenco, R & Hegi-Johnson, F 2019, 'Helping patients with lung cancer choose between surgery or stereotactic body radiotherapy: the importance of the patient experience', Journal of Thoracic Disease, vol. 11, no. 11, pp. 4404-4407. Mahmoodi, Z, Mohammadnejad, J, Razavi Bazaz, S, Abouei Mehrizi, A, Ghiass, MA, Saidijam, M, Dinarvand, R, Ebrahimi Warkiani, M & Soleimani, M 2019, 'A simple coating method of PDMS microchip with PTFE for synthesis of dexamethasone-encapsulated PLGA nanoparticles', Drug Delivery and Translational Research, vol. 9, no. 3, pp. 707-720. © 2019, Controlled Release Society. Dexamethasone is a widely used drug in medical and biological applications. Since the systematic and controllable release of this drug is of significant importance, encapsulation of this anti-inflammatory drug in poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) nanoparticles can minimize uncontrolled issues. As dexamethasone-encapsulated PLGA nanoparticles are synthesized in the presence of organic solvents, poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS)-based microchannels collapse due to the swelling problem. In present study, PTFE nanoparticles were used for the surface modification of the microchannels to prevent absorption and adhesion of solvents into the microchannels’ wall. The contact angle analysis of microchips after coating showed that the surface of microchannels bear the superhydrophobicity feature (140.30°) and SEM images revealed that PTFE covered the surface of PDMS, favorably. Then, the prepared microchip was tested for the synthesis of dexamethasone-loaded nanoparticles. SEM and atomic force microscopy (AFM) images of the synthesized nanoparticles represented that there was not any evidence of adhesion or absorption of nanoparticles. Furthermore, the monodispersity of nanoparticles was discernible. As AFM results revealed, the average diameters of 47, 63, and 82 nm were achieved for flow ratios of 0.01, 0.05, and 0.1, respectively. To evaluate the drug efficiency, cumulative release and encapsulation efficiency were analyzed which showed much more efficiency than the synthesized nanoparticles in the bulk mode. In addition, MTT test revealed that nanoparticles could be considered as a non-toxic material. Since the synthesis of drug-loaded nanoparticles is ubiquitous in laboratory experiments, the approach presented in this study can render more versatility in this regard. Mai, HT, Tran, TS, Ho-Le, TP, Center, JR, Eisman, JA & Nguyen, TV 2019, 'Response to Letter to the Editor: “Two-Thirds of All Fractures Are Not Attributable to Osteoporosis and Advancing Age: Implication for Fracture Prevention”', The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, vol. 104, no. 9, pp. 3605-3606. Mai, HT, Tran, TS, Ho-Le, TP, Center, JR, Eisman, JA & Nguyen, TV 2019, 'Response to Letter to the Editor: “Two-Thirds of All Fractures Are Not Attributable to Osteoporosis and Advancing Age: Implications for Fracture Prevention”', The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, vol. 104, no. 12, pp. 5866-5866. Marsh-Wakefield, F, Kruzins, A, McGuire, HM, Yang, S, Bryant, C, Fazekas de St. Groth, B, Nassif, N, Byrne, SN, Gibson, J, Brown, C, Larsen, S, McCulloch, D, Boyle, R, Clark, G, Joshua, D, Ho, PJ & Vuckovic, S 2019, 'Mass Cytometry Discovers Two Discrete Subsets of CD39−Treg Which Discriminate MGUS From Multiple Myeloma', Frontiers in Immunology, vol. 10, no. AUG, p. 1596. © 2019 Marsh-Wakefield, Kruzins, McGuire, Yang, Bryant, Fazekas de St. Groth, Nassif, Byrne, Gibson, Brown, Larsen, McCulloch, Boyle, Clark, Joshua, Ho and Vuckovic. Multiple Myeloma (MM) is preceded by the clinically stable condition monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS). Critical immune events that discriminate MGUS from newly diagnosed MM (ND)MM patients remain unknown, but may involve changes in the regulatory T cell (Treg) compartment that favor myeloma growth. To address this possibility, we used mass cytometry and the unsupervised clustering algorithm Flow self-organizing map (FlowSOM) to interrogate the distribution of multiple subsets within CD25+ CD127low/neg Treg in matched bone marrow (BM) and peripheral blood (PB) of MGUS and NDMM patients. Both mass cytometry and flow cytometry confirmed a trend toward prevalence of CD39− Treg within the Treg compartment in BM and PB of NDMM patients compared to CD39− Treg in MGUS patients. FlowSOM clustering displayed a phenotypic organization of Treg into 25 metaclusters that confirmed Treg heterogeneity. It identified two subsets which emerged within CD39− Treg of NDMM patients that were negligible or absent in CD39− Treg of MGUS patients. One subset was found in both BM and PB which phenotypically resembled activated Treg based on CD45RO, CD49d, and CD62L expression; another subset resembled BM-resident Treg based on its tissue-resident CD69+ CD62L− CD49d− phenotype and restricted location within the BM. Both subsets co-expressed PD-1 and TIGIT, but PD-1 was expressed at higher levels on BM-resident Treg than on activated Treg. Within BM, both subsets had limited Perforin and Granzyme B production, whilst activated Treg in PB acquired high Perforin and Granzyme B production. In conclusion, the use of mass cytometry and FlowSOM clustering discovered two discrete subsets of CD39− Treg which are discordant in MGUS and NDMM patients and may be permissive of myeloma growth which warrants... Martin Salvador, M, Budka, M & Gabrys, B 2019, 'Automatic Composition and Optimization of Multicomponent Predictive Systems With an Extended Auto-WEKA', IEEE Transactions on Automation Science and Engineering, vol. 16, no. 2, pp. 946-959. © 2004-2012 IEEE. Composition and parameterization of multicomponent predictive systems (MCPSs) consisting of chains of data transformation steps are a challenging task. Auto-WEKA is a tool to automate the combined algorithm selection and hyperparameter (CASH) optimization problem. In this paper, we extend the CASH problem and Auto-WEKA to support the MCPS, including preprocessing steps for both classification and regression tasks. We define the optimization problem in which the search space consists of suitably parameterized Petri nets forming the sought MCPS solutions. In the experimental analysis, we focus on examining the impact of considerably extending the search space (from approximately 22000 to 812 billion possible combinations of methods and categorical hyperparameters). In a range of extensive experiments, three different optimization strategies are used to automatically compose MCPSs for 21 publicly available data sets. The diversity of the composed MCPSs found is an indication that fully and automatically exploiting different combinations of data cleaning and preprocessing techniques is possible and highly beneficial for different predictive models. We also present the results on seven data sets from real chemical production processes. Our findings can have a major impact on the development of high-quality predictive models as well as their maintenance and scalability aspects needed in modern applications and deployment scenarios. Note to Practitioners - The extension of Auto-WEKA to compose and optimize multicomponent predictive systems (MCPSs) developed as part of this paper is freely available on GitHub under GPL license, and we encourage practitioners to use it on a broad variety of classification and regression problems. The software can either be used as a blackbox - where search space is made of all possible WEKA filters, predictors, and metapredictors (e.g., ensembles) - or as an optimization tool on a subset of preselected machine ... McAlinden, KD, Deshpande, DA, Ghavami, S, Xenaki, D, Sohal, SS, Oliver, BG, Haghi, M & Sharma, P 2019, 'Autophagy Activation in Asthma Airways Remodeling', American Journal of Respiratory Cell and Molecular Biology, vol. 60, no. 5, pp. 541-553. Copyright © 2019 by the American Thoracic Society Current asthma therapies fail to target airway remodeling that correlates with asthma severity driving disease progression that ultimately leads to loss of lung function. Macroautophagy (hereinafter “autophagy”) is a fundamental cell-recycling mechanism in all eukaryotic cells; emerging evidence suggests that it is dysregulated in asthma. We investigated the interrelationship between autophagy and airway remodeling and assessed preclinical efficacy of a known autophagy inhibitor in murine models of asthma. Human asthmatic and nonasthmatic lung tissues were histologically evaluated and were immunostained for key autophagy markers. The percentage area of positive staining was quantified in the epithelium and airway smooth muscle bundles using ImageJ software. Furthermore, the autophagy inhibitor chloroquine was tested intranasally in prophylactic (3 wk) and treatment (5 wk) models of allergic asthma in mice. Human asthmatic tissues showed greater tissue inflammation and demonstrated hallmark features of airway remodeling, displaying thickened epithelium (P, 0.001) and reticular basement membrane (P, 0.0001), greater lamina propria depth (P, 0.005), and increased airway smooth muscle bundles (P, 0.001) with higher expression of Beclin-1 (P, 0.01) and ATG5 (autophagy-related gene 5) (P, 0.05) together with reduced p62 (P, 0.05) compared with nonasthmatic control tissues. Beclin-1 expression was significantly higher in asthmatic epithelium and ciliated cells (P, 0.05), suggesting a potential role of ciliophagy in asthma. Murine asthma models demonstrated effective preclinical efficacy (reduced key features of allergic asthma: airway inflammation, airway hyperresponsiveness, and airway remodeling) of the autophagy inhibitor chloroquine. Our data demonstrate cell context–dependent and selective activation of autophagy in structural cells in asthma. Furthermore, this pathway can be effectively targeted to amelio... McCleave, EL, Slattery, KM, Duffield, R, Saunders, PU, Sharma, AP, Crowcroft, S & Coutts, AJ 2019, 'Impaired Heat Adaptation From Combined Heat Training and “Live High, Train Low” Hypoxia', International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance, vol. 14, no. 5, pp. 635-643. McLean, BD, Strack, D, Russell, J & Coutts, AJ 2019, 'Quantifying Physical Demands in the National Basketball Association—Challenges Around Developing Best-Practice Models for Athlete Care and Performance', International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance, vol. 14, no. 4, pp. 414-420. Meller, N, Parker, D, Hatcher, D & Sheehan, A 2019, 'Grief experiences of nurses after the death of an adult patient in an acute hospital setting: An integrative review of literature', Collegian, vol. 26, no. 2, pp. 302-310. © 2018 Australian College of Nursing Ltd Objective: This integrative review explores current published literature examining grief experiences of nurses who work in hospital settings after the death of a patient in their care and the factors that may impact nurses experiencing grief within the workplace. Background: Healthcare workers such as nurses are required to be competent, skilled and resilient in preparation for the emotional variables and professional responsibilities when managing a patient death. There are publications exploring nurse's grief experiences in palliative care, paediatric nursing or oncology settings, but to date, there is limited relevant literature identifying or exploring grief experiences of nurses working in other speciality areas in a hospital setting after the death of a patient in their care. Methods: Comprehensive online database searches of CINAHL, EBSCO Host, PubMED, MEDLINE, Scopus, Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) and Google Scholar was undertaken using key terms of articles published between 1990–2017. Screening of 317 articles resulted in 5 included for this review. Data analysis was guided by Whittemore and Knafl's five stage process. Findings: Three main themes were identified were ‘the impact of formative death events in clinical practice’ ‘managing personal grief reactions and the factors that influenced these reactions’ and ‘the significance of colleague support when experiencing a patient death’. Conclusion: Personal grief responses displayed by a nurse after a patient has died can have both a positive and negative influence on their professional behaviour in the workplace. It also has the potential for grief complications for individual nurses, which highlights the importance of workplace support for nurses when making clinical decisions after the death of a patient. Miller-Lewis, L, Tieman, J, Rawlings, D, Sanderson, C & Parker, D 2019, 'Correlates of perceived death competence: What role does meaning-in-life and quality-of-life play?', Palliative and Supportive Care, vol. 17, no. 5, pp. 550-560. Mofradnia, SR, Ashouri, R, Tavakoli, Z, Shahmoradi, F, Rashedi, H, Yazdian, F & Tavakoli, J 2019, 'Effect of zero-valent iron/starch nanoparticle on nitrate removal using MD simulation', International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, vol. 121, pp. 727-733. In this study, the efficacy of zero-valent iron nanostructure modified by starch for removal of nitrate was investigated. Effect of zero-valent iron/starch nanoparticle in the presence of Thiobacillus dinitrificans for removal of nitrate was simulated via material studio software. Thermodynamic principles and proper equations were used via molecular dynamic (MD) simulation. The results of software predictions were demonstrated by radial distribution function (RDF), density, potential energy and temperature graphs. According to the graphs, the simultaneous in the presence of zero-valent iron/starch nanoparticle and Thiobacillus dinitrificans increase the removal efficiency of nitrate reached 91% and in the absence of nanoparticle was 44.44%. Moloudi, R, Oh, S, Yang, C, Teo, KL, Lam, AT, Ebrahimi Warkiani, M & Win Naing, M 2019, 'Scaled‐Up Inertial Microfluidics: Retention System for Microcarrier‐Based Suspension Cultures', Biotechnology Journal, vol. 14, no. 5, pp. 1800674-1800674. Moodley, YP, Corte, TJ, Oliver, BG, Glaspole, IN, Livk, A, Ito, J, Peters, K, Lipscombe, R, Casey, T & Tan, DBA 2019, 'Analysis by proteomics reveals unique circulatory proteins in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis', Respirology, vol. 24, no. 11, pp. 1111-1114. Movassaghi, S, Nadia Sharifi, Z, Koosha, M, Abdollahifar, MA, Fathollahipour, S, Tavakoli, J & Abdi, S 2019, 'Effect of Honey/PVA Hydrogel Loaded by Erythromycin on Full-Thickness Skin Wound Healing in Rats; Stereological Study.', Galen Med J, vol. 8, p. e1362. BACKGROUND: Skin wounds are a significant public health risk, and treatment of wound remains a challenging clinical problem for medical teams and researchers. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In the present study, we aimed to investigate the healing effects of honey/polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) hydrogel loaded with erythromycin as wound dressing on skin wounds in rats, based on histological studies. In this study, 60 male Wistar rats, with a 1.5 ×1.5 cm2 diameter full-thickness wounds on the backs were divided into four groups: honey/PVA with the erythromycin hydrogel group, honey group, PVA group, and the control group, with no treatment. Skin biopsies were prepared at days 4, 7, and 14 for microscopic analyses. The stereological analysis, including the mean area of the wound, length of vessels, numerical density of fibroblast, macrophage, basal cell and volume of the epidermis, dermis, and fibrous tissue were performed. RESULTS: Wounds area in the honey/PVA hydrogel with the erythromycin group were significantly (P<0.05) smaller than in the other group. The numerical density of fibroblast, macrophage, basal cell and volume of the epidermis in the honey/PVA hydrogel with the erythromycin group were significantly higher than other groups. CONCLUSION: According to our results, honey/PVA hydrogel with erythromycin may promote early wound healing and has a positive influence on fibroblast proliferation and re-epithelialization, and its administration is recommended after further validation of clinical data. Mulhern, B, Norman, R, De Abreu Lourenco, R, Street, D, Malley, J & Viney, R 2019, 'Investigating the relative value of health and social care related quality of life using a discrete choice experiment', Social Science and Medicine, vol. 233, pp. 28-37. Nader, CP, Cidem, A, Verrills, NM & Ammit, AJ 2019, 'Protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A): a key phosphatase in the progression of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) to lung cancer', Respiratory Research, vol. 20, no. 1, p. 222. Nair, PM, Starkey, MR, Haw, TJ, Liu, G, Collison, AM, Mattes, J, Wark, PA, Morris, JC, Verrills, NM, Clark, AR, Ammit, AJ & Hansbro, PM 2019, 'Enhancing tristetraprolin activity reduces the severity of cigarette smoke‐induced experimental chronic obstructive pulmonary disease', Clinical & Translational Immunology, vol. 8, no. 10. Natalia, P, Clara, RA, Simon, D, Noelia, G & Barbara, A 2019, 'Critical elements in accessible tourism for destination competitiveness and comparison: Principal component analysis from Oceania and South America', Tourism Management, vol. 75, pp. 169-185. © 2019 This paper seeks to construct an exploratory nationally comparative tourism accessibility measure (TAI)through developing an objective set of metrics in the spirit and intent of the international treaties and missions regarding the rights of persons with disabilities. Applied to Australia and New Zealand (Oceania)and Argentina and Brazil (South-America), the TAI draws upon data collected cross-country, cross-continent and for a period of 25 years (1990–2015)based on factor and principal component analysis. Considering accessibility as the conditions that a destination must have in order to be enjoyed by all individuals with access requirements and as a key factor of destination competitiveness, the TAI is developed based on: socio-demographic data; legal framework, political will and policy actions; and access conditions in tourism attractions. This measure is a useful tool to provide information about the critical elements, stages of development, evolution and understanding of the accessible tourism approaches in each of the studied countries. Naylor, B, Hesam-Shariati, N, McAuley, JH, Boag, S, Newton-John, T, Rae, CD & Gustin, SM 2019, 'Reduced Glutamate in the Medial Prefrontal Cortex Is Associated With Emotional and Cognitive Dysregulation in People With Chronic Pain', Frontiers in Neurology, vol. 10. Ng, SW, Chan, Y, Chellappan, DK, Madheswaran, T, Zeeshan, F, Chan, YL, Collet, T, Gupta, G, Oliver, BG, Wark, P, Hansbro, N, Hsu, A, Hansbro, PM, Dua, K & Panneerselvam, J 2019, 'Molecular modulators of celastrol as the keystones for its diverse pharmacological activities', Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy, vol. 109, pp. 1785-1792. © 2018 The Authors In the recent years, much attention has been focused on identifying bioactive compounds from medicinal plants that could be employed in therapeutics, which is attributed to their potent pharmacological actions and better toxicological profile. One such example that has come into the light with considerable interest is the pentacyclic triterpenoid, celastrol, which has been found to provide substantial therapeutic properties in a variety of diseases. In an effort to further accelerate its potential to be utilized in clinical practice in the future; along with advancing technologies in the field of drug discovery and development, different researchers have been investigating on the various mechanisms and immunological targets of celastrol that underlie its broad spectrum of pharmacological properties. In this review, we have collated the various research findings related to the molecular modulators responsible for different pharmacological activities shown by celastrol. Our review will be of interest to the herbal, biological, molecular scientist and by providing a quick snapshot about celastrol giving a new direction in the area of herbal drug discovery and development. Nguyen, L, Mak, C, Chen, H, Zaky, A, Wong, M, Pollock, C & Saad, S 2019, 'SIRT1 Attenuates Kidney Disorders in Male Offspring Due to Maternal High-Fat Diet', Nutrients, vol. 11, no. 1, pp. 146-146. Nguyen, L, Valls Miro, J & Qiu, X 2019, 'Multilevel B-Splines-Based Learning Approach for Sound Source Localization', IEEE Sensors Journal, vol. 19, no. 10, pp. 3871-3881. © 2001-2012 IEEE. In this paper, a new learning approach for sound source localization is presented using ad hoc either synchronous or asynchronous distributed microphone networks based on the time differences of arrival (TDOA) estimation. It is first to propose a new concept in which the coordinates of a sound source location are defined as the functions of TDOAs, computing for each pair of microphone signals in the network. Then, given a set of pre-recorded sound measurements and their corresponding source locations, the multilevel B-splines-based learning model is proposed to be trained by the input of the known TDOAs and the output of the known coordinates of the sound source locations. For a new acoustic source, if its sound signals are recorded, the correspondingly computed TDOAs can be fed into the learned model to predict the location of the new source. Superiorities of the proposed method are to incorporate the acoustic characteristics of a targeted environment and even remaining uncertainty of TDOA estimations into the learning model before conducting its prediction and to be applicable for both synchronous or asynchronous distributed microphone sensor networks. The effectiveness of the proposed algorithm in terms of localization accuracy and computational cost in comparisons with the state-of-the-art methods was extensively validated on both synthetic simulation experiments as well as in three real-life environments. Nguyen, LT, Chen, H, Zaky, A, Pollock, C & Saad, S 2019, 'SIRT1 overexpression attenuates offspring metabolic and liver disorders as a result of maternal high‐fat feeding', The Journal of Physiology, vol. 597, no. 2, pp. 467-480. Nguyen, LT, Pham, VN, Chau, PMN, Ho-Pham, LT & Nguyen, TV 2019, 'Association between carotid intima-media thickness and bone mineral density: a cross-sectional study in Vietnamese men and women aged 50 years and older', BMJ Open, vol. 9, no. 9, pp. e028603-e028603. Nguyen, LTN, Eager, D & Nguyen, H 2019, 'The relationship between compression garments and electrocardiogram signals during exercise and recovery phase', BioMedical Engineering OnLine, vol. 18, no. 1, pp. 27-27. © 2019 The Author(s). Background: The direction of the current research was to investigate whether electrocardiogram (ECG) signals have been impacted by using compression garments during exercise and recovery phase. Each subject is non-athletes, conducted two running tests, wearing either non-compression garments (NCGs) or compression garments (CGs) throughout experiments and 2-h of the recovery phase. Experiment 1 (number of participants (n) = 8; 61.4 ± 13.7 kg, 25.1 ± 3.8 years, 165.9 ± 8.3 cm) focused on the exercising phase while Experiment 2 (n = 14; 60.9 ± 12.0 kg, 24.7 ± 4.5 years, 166.0 ± 7.6 cm) concentrated on the recovery phase. Electrocardiogram (ECG) data were collected through wearable biosensors. Results: The results demonstrated a significant difference between compression garments and non-compression garments at the end of the tests and from 90 min onwards during the recovery phase (p < 0.05). Corrected QT (QTc), ST interval and heart rate (HR) indicated the significant difference between NCGs and CGs. Conclusion: Based on the findings, the utilization of compression garments showed a positive influence in non-athletes based on the quicker recovery in HR, ST, and QTc. Nguyen, T, Li, GE, Chen, H, Cranfield, CG, McGrath, KC & Gorrie, CA 2019, 'Neurological Effects in the Offspring After Switching From Tobacco Cigarettes to E-Cigarettes During Pregnancy in a Mouse Model', Toxicological Sciences, vol. 172, no. 1, pp. 191-200. Nguyen, TMC & Hoang, DB 2019, 'S-MANAGE protocol for provisioning IoT applications on demand', Journal of Telecommunications and the Digital Economy, vol. 7, no. 3, pp. 37-57. Internet of Things (IoT)-based services have started making an impact in various domains, such as agriculture, smart farming, smart cities, personal health, and critical infrastructures. Sensor/IoT devices have become one of the indispensable elements in these IoT systems and services. However, their development is restricted by the rigidity of the current network infrastructure, which accommodates heterogeneous physical devices. Software-Defined Networking-Network Functions Virtualization (SDN-NFV) has emerged as a service-enabling solution, supporting network and network function programmability. Provisioning IoT applications on demand is a natural application of programmability. However, these technologies cannot be directly deployed in the sensing/monitoring domain due to the differences in the functionality of SDN network devices and sensor/IoT devices, as well as the limitation of resources in IoT devices. This paper proposes an S-MANAGE protocol that preserves the SDN-NFV paradigm but provides a practical solution in controlling and managing IoT resources for provisioning IoT applications on demand. S-MANAGE is proposed as a new southbound protocol between the software-defined IoT controller and its IoT elements. The paper presents the design of S-MANAGE and demonstrates its use in provisioning IoT services dynamically. Ni, J, Bongers, A, Chamoli, U, Bucci, J, Graham, P & Li, Y 2019, 'In Vivo 3D MRI Measurement of Tumour Volume in an Orthotopic Mouse Model of Prostate Cancer', Cancer Control, vol. 26, no. 1, pp. 107327481984659-107327481984659. Nielson, R, Glasgow, P & Coutts, A 2019, 'Training load monitoring and management in athletes', Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport, vol. 22, pp. S10-S10. Oliver, B, Tonga, K, Darley, D, Rutting, S, Zhang, X, Chen, H & Wang, G 2019, 'COPD treatment choices based on blood eosinophils: are we there yet?', Breathe, vol. 15, no. 4, pp. 318-323. O'Loughlin, I & Newton-John, TRO 2019, '‘Dis-comfort eating’: An investigation into the use of food as a coping strategy for the management of chronic pain', Appetite, vol. 140, pp. 288-297. © 2019 Objectives: Chronic pain and obesity are major public health concerns. Animal and human models have demonstrated that eating high-sugar nutrient-dense foods confers analgesic effects. Moreover, recent research suggests that people with chronic pain may “comfort eat” to cope with their pain. Given the harmful impact of obesity on chronic pain, it is critical to determine whether pain elicits comfort eating amongst individuals with chronic pain to ensure that this potentially maladaptive pain coping strategy is not overlooked in chronic pain treatment. Therefore, this study aimed to: determine whether chronic pain intensity predicts pain-induced comfort eating and identify mediators of this relationship; to determine whether pain-induced comfort eating predicts elevated BMI; and to establish whether BMI predicts chronic pain interference. Methods: This study utilised a cross-sectional online survey design and a sample of 151 adults with chronic pain. Results: Over three-quarters of this chronic pain sample reported engaging in pain-induced comfort eating. Chronic pain intensity did not significantly predict pain-induced comfort eating. However, there was a significant indirect effect of chronic pain intensity on pain-induced comfort eating through stress—but not experiential avoidance or pain catastrophising. As predicted, pain-induced comfort eating significantly predicted increased BMI, and BMI in turn significantly predicted greater chronic pain interference. Discussion: This study indicates that pain-induced comfort eating is both common and harmful amongst individuals with chronic pain, across the entire BMI spectrum. Pain-induced comfort eating and stress have emerged as promising chronic pain treatment targets. The findings are discussed and interpreted in light of extant research and theory, as well as limitations of the current study. Future research directions and clinical implications are also considered. Ong, J, van den Berg, A, Faiz, A, Boudewijn, I, Timens, W, Vermeulen, C, Oliver, B, Kok, K, Terpstra, M, van den Berge, M, Brandsma, C-A & Kluiver, J 2019, 'Current Smoking is Associated with Decreased Expression of miR-335-5p in Parenchymal Lung Fibroblasts', International Journal of Molecular Sciences, vol. 20, no. 20, pp. 5176-5176. Ong, M, Cheng, J, Jin, X, Lao, W, Johnson, M, Tan, Y & Qu, X 2019, 'Paeoniflorin extract reverses dexamethasone-induced testosterone over-secretion through downregulation of cytochrome P450 17A1 expression in primary murine theca cells', Journal of Ethnopharmacology, vol. 229, pp. 97-103. © 2018 Elsevier B.V. Ethnopharmacological relevance: Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS) is a complex endocrine and reproductive disorder. A main hallmark includes increased androgen production. The root of Paeonia lactiflora Pall. (Bai Shao) is used in Chinese herbal medicine for reproductive disorders, however its effects and mechanisms on ovarian theca cells has not yet been fully elucidated. Aim of the study: The aim of this study was to evaluate effect of paeoniflorin extract (PFE), the main constituents of Bai Shao, on androgen production in ovarian theca cells. Materials and methods: Primary murine theca cells were treated with concentrations of PFE (1–100 µg/mL) in the presence of dexamethasone (10 µM) with media-only treated cells used as the control. After 24 h, culture media was collected for biochemistry assays of testosterone and progesterone. Expression of key steroidogenic enzymes, cholesterol side-chain cleavage (CYP11A1) and 17α-hydroxylase (CYP17A1) was characterized using immunofluorescence staining, immunoblotting and qRT-PCR. Results: Dexamethasone significantly enhanced testosterone secretion (P < 0.05 vs. the control cells). PFE reversed over-production of testosterone induced by dexamethasone in a dose-dependent manner. The treatment with PFE also normalized production of progesterone in dexamethasone-treated cells. Expression of CYP11A1 and CYP17A1 in the theca cells were visualised by immunofluorescence staining. All doses of PFE significantly inhibited CYP17A1 expression detected by immunoblotting, but only 100 µg/mL of PFE downregulated CYP11A1 expression and reduced CYP11A1 significantly in dexamethasone-treated theca cells. Conclusions: PFE may reduce over-secretion of testosterone in theca cells through downregulation of CYP17A1 and CYP11A1. These findings provide scientific evidence to treat ovarian hyperandrogenism with the root of Paeonia lactiflora Pall. Pelegri, NG, Gorrie, CA & Santos, J 2019, 'Rat Hippocampal Neural Stem Cell Modulation Using PDGF, VEGF, PDGF/VEGF, and BDNF', Stem Cells International, vol. 2019, pp. 1-12. Pham, DD, Lee, SK, Shin, C, Kim, NH, Eisman, JA, Center, JR, Nguyen, TV & Leem, CH 2019, 'Koreans Do Not Have Higher Percent Body Fat than Australians: Implication for the Diagnosis of Obesity in Asians', Obesity, vol. 27, no. 11, pp. 1892-1897. Phillips, J 2019, 'Humanitarian disasters', International Journal of Palliative Nursing, vol. 25, no. 9, pp. 419-419. Phillips, J, Bloomer, M & Mills, J 2019, 'Extending palliative care for underserved populations: Time to act', Collegian, vol. 26, no. 6, pp. 607-608. Phillips, JL, Heneka, N, Bhattarai, P, Fraser, C & Shaw, T 2019, 'Effectiveness of the spaced education pedagogy for clinicians’ continuing professional development: a systematic review', Medical Education, vol. 53, no. 9, pp. 886-902. Phillips, JL, Heneka, N, Lovell, M, Lam, L, Davidson, P, Boyle, F, McCaffrey, N, Fielding, S & Shaw, T 2019, 'A phase III wait-listed randomised controlled trial of novel targeted inter-professional clinical education intervention to improve cancer patients’ reported pain outcomes (The Cancer Pain Assessment (CPAS) Trial): study protocol', Trials, vol. 20, no. 1. © 2019 The Author(s). Background: Variations in care models contribute to cancer pain being under-recognised and under-treated in half of all patients with cancer. International and national cancer pain management guidelines are achievable with minimal investment but require practice changes. While much of the cancer pain research over the preceding decades has focused on management interventions, little attention has been given to achieving better adherence to recommended cancer pain guideline screening and assessment practices. This trial aims to reduce unrelieved cancer pain by improving cancer and palliative doctors' and nurses' ('clinicians') pain assessment capabilities through a targeted inter-professional clinical education intervention delivered to participants' mobile devices ('mHealth'). Methods: A wait-listed, randomised control trial design. Cancer and/or palliative care physicians and nurses employed at one of the six participating sites across Australia will be eligible to participate in this trial and, on enrolment, will be allocated to the active or wait-listed arm. Participants allocated to the active arm will be invited to complete the mHealth cancer pain assessment intervention. In this trial, mHealth is defined as medical or public health practice supported by mobile devices (i.e. phones, patient monitoring devices, personal digital assistants and other wireless devices). This mHealth intervention integrates three evidence-based elements, namely: the COM-B theoretical framework; spaced learning pedagogy; and audit and feedback. This intervention will be delivered via the QStream online platform to participants' mobile devices over four weeks. The trial will determine if a tailored mHealth intervention, targeting clinicians' cancer pain assessment capabilities, is effective in reducing self-reported cancer pain scores, as measured by a Numerical Rating Scale (NRS). Discussion: If this mHealth intervention is found to be effective, in... Phillips, JL, Lobb, EA, Bellemore, F, Hays, T & Currow, DC 2019, '‘Through the eyes of the dying’—Identifying who may benefit from bereavement follow-up: A qualitative study', Collegian, vol. 26, no. 6, pp. 615-620. © 2019 Introduction: Bereavement support is an integral element of palliative care. Emerging evidence stipulates that bereavement support should be reserved for those most at risk of poor outcomes. While this evidence makes identifying those at risk of experiencing a complex bereavement a necessary first step, it has been difficult to arrive at a consensus as to whom that should be. Aim: To explore whether palliative care in-patients with advanced disease are concerned about the bereavement needs of others and, if so, is it their next-of-kin. Design: A qualitative study using semi-structured interviews, and thematic analysis using a constant comparative method. Setting/participants: Patients identified by their physicians as being aware of their limited prognosis (n = 19) in a specialist palliative care service in Sydney, Australia. Findings: Three key themes emerged: 1) Families considered close and supportive may not require bereavement follow-up; 2) Families with previous significant losses or who have more complex lives are perceived by patients as having greater risk; and 3) Asking palliative care patients about whom they are most concerned in their network after their death is difficult but possible. Conclusions: There are potentially people in the palliative patients’ networks who may be in need of bereavement support, but who are unlikely to be informed about available bereavement services. New strategies are needed to identify people who may benefit from bereavement support. Pluss, MA, Bennett, KJM, Novak, AR, Panchuk, D, Coutts, AJ & Fransen, J 2019, 'Esports: The Chess of the 21st Century', Frontiers in Psychology, vol. 10. For many decades, researchers have explored the true potential of human achievement. The expertise field has come a long way since the early works of de Groot (1965) and Chase and Simon (1973). Since then, this inquiry has expanded into the areas of music, science, technology, sport, academia, and art. Despite the vast amount of research to date, the capability of study methodologies to truly capture the nature of expertise remains questionable. Some considerations include (i) the individual bias in the retrospective recall of developmental activities, (ii) the ability to develop ecologically valid tasks, and (iii) difficulties capturing the influence of confounding factors on expertise. This article proposes that expertise research in electronic sports (esports) presents an opportunity to overcome some of these considerations. Esports involves individuals or teams of players that compete in video game competitions via human-computer interaction. Advantages of applying the expert performance approach in esports include (i) developmental activities are objectively tracked and automatically logged online, (ii) the constraints of representative tasks correspond with the real-world environment of esports performance, and (iii) expertise has emerged without the influence of guided systematic training environments. Therefore, this article argues that esports research provides an ideal opportunity to further advance research on the development and assessment of human expertise. Poon, J, Cui, Y, Valls Miro, J & Matsubara, T 2019, 'Learning from demonstration for locally assistive mobility aids', International Journal of Intelligent Robotics and Applications, vol. 3, no. 3, pp. 255-268. © 2019, The Author(s). Active assistive systems for mobility aids are largely restricted to environments mapped a-priori, while passive assistance primarily provides collision mitigation and other hand-crafted behaviors in the platform’s immediate space. This paper presents a framework providing active short-term assistance, combining the freedom of location independence with the intelligence of active assistance. Demonstration data consisting of on-board sensor data and driving inputs is gathered from an able-bodied expert maneuvring the mobility aid around a generic interior setting, and used in constructing a probabilistic intention model built with Radial Basis Function Networks. This allows for short-term intention prediction relying only upon immediately available user input and on-board sensor data, to be coupled with real-time path generation based upon the same expert demonstration data via Dynamic Policy Programming, a stochastic optimal control method. Together these two elements provide a combined assistive mobility system, capable of operating in restrictive environments without the need for additional obstacle avoidance protocols. Experimental results in both simulation and on the University of Technology Sydney semi-autonomous wheelchair in settings not seen in training data show promise in assisting users of power mobility aids. Qiao, C, Lu, L, Yang, L & Kennedy, PJ 2019, 'Identifying Brain Abnormalities with Schizophrenia Based on a Hybrid Feature Selection Technology', Applied Sciences, vol. 9, no. 10, pp. 2148-2148. Rafeie, M, Hosseinzadeh, S, Huang, J, Mihandoust, A, Warkiani, ME & Taylor, RA 2019, 'New insights into the physics of inertial microfluidics in curved microchannels. II. Adding an additive rule to understand complex cross-sections', Biomicrofluidics, vol. 13, no. 3, pp. 034118-034118. Rafeie, M, Hosseinzadeh, S, Taylor, RA & Warkiani, ME 2019, 'New insights into the physics of inertial microfluidics in curved microchannels. I. Relaxing the fixed inflection point assumption', Biomicrofluidics, vol. 13, no. 3, pp. 034117-034117. Rao, A, DiGiacomo, M, Newton, PJ, Phillips, JL & Hickman, LD 2019, 'Meditation and Secondary Prevention of Depression and Anxiety in Heart Disease: a Systematic Review', Mindfulness, vol. 10, no. 1, pp. 1-14. Heart disease is the leading cause of global mortality, accounting for 13.7 million deaths annually. Optimising depression and anxiety symptoms in adults with heart disease is an international priority. Heart disease secondary prevention is best achieved through implementation of sustainable pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions, including meditation. Meditation is a means of generating self-awareness and has implications for enhanced self-management of depression and anxiety symptoms. This review aims to identify high-level quantitative evidence for meditation interventions designed to improve depression and/or anxiety symptoms among adults with heart disease and ascertain the most important elements of meditation interventions that facilitate positive depression and/or anxiety outcomes. This systematic review and narrative synthesis was completed in accordance with the PRISMA Statement and has adhered to the Cochrane Risk of Bias guideline. Six databases were searched between 1975 and 2017. Statistically significant outcomes were demonstrated in over half (5/9) of phase II meditation studies for depression and/or anxiety and involved 477 participants. Meditation interventions that generated positive outcomes for depression and/or anxiety included elements such as focused attention to body parts (or body scan) (3/4 studies) and/or group meetings (4/5 studies). Meditation is a means of reframing heart disease outpatient services towards an integrated model of care. Future adequately powered phase III studies are needed to confirm which meditation elements are associated with reductions in depression and anxiety; and the differential effects between concentrative and mindfulness-based meditation types among adults with heart disease. Raoufi, MA, Mashhadian, A, Niazmand, H, Asadnia, M, Razmjou, A & Warkiani, ME 2019, 'Experimental and numerical study of elasto-inertial focusing in straight channels', Biomicrofluidics, vol. 13, no. 3, pp. 034103-034103. Raoufi, MA, Moshizi, SA, Razmjou, A, Wu, S, Ebrahimi Warkiani, M & Asadnia, M 2019, 'Development of a Biomimetic Semicircular Canal With MEMS Sensors to Restore Balance', IEEE Sensors Journal, vol. 19, no. 23, pp. 11675-11686. © 2001-2012 IEEE. A third of adults over the age of 50 suffer from chronic impairment of balance, posture, and/or gaze stability due to partial or complete impairment of the sensory cells in the inner ear responsible for these functions. The consequences of impaired balance organ can be dizziness, social withdrawal, and acceleration of the further functional decline. Despite the significant progress in biomedical sensing technologies, current artificial vestibular systems fail to function in practical situations and in very low frequencies. Herein, we introduced a novel biomechanical device that closely mimics the human vestibular system. A microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) flow sensor was first developed to mimic the vestibular haircell sensors. The sensor was then embedded into a three-dimensional (3D) printed semicircular canal and tested at various angular accelerations in the frequency range from 0.5Hz to 1.5Hz. The miniaturized device embedded into a 3D printed model will respond to mechanical deflections and essentially restore the sense of balance in patients with vestibular dysfunctions. The experimental and simulation studies of semicircular canal presented in this work will pave the way for the development of balance sensory system, which could lead to the design of a low-cost and commercially viable medical device with significant health benefits and economic potential. Raymond, B, Luckett, T, Johnson, M, Hutchinson, A, Lovell, M & Phillips, J 2019, 'Low-intensity educational interventions supporting self-management to improve outcomes related to chronic breathlessness: a systematic review', npj Primary Care Respiratory Medicine, vol. 29, no. 1, p. 41. Razavi Bazaz, S, Kashaninejad, N, Azadi, S, Patel, K, Asadnia, M, Jin, D & Ebrahimi Warkiani, M 2019, 'Microfluidics: Rapid Softlithography Using 3D‐Printed Molds (Adv. Mater. Technol. 10/2019)', Advanced Materials Technologies, vol. 4, no. 10, pp. 1970056-1970056. Razavi Bazaz, S, Kashaninejad, N, Azadi, S, Patel, K, Asadnia, M, Jin, D & Ebrahimi Warkiani, M 2019, 'Rapid Softlithography Using 3D‐Printed Molds', Advanced Materials Technologies, vol. 4, no. 10, pp. 1900425-1900425. Rezaei, M, Winter, M, Zander-Fox, D, Whitehead, C, Liebelt, J, Warkiani, ME, Hardy, T & Thierry, B 2019, 'A Reappraisal of Circulating Fetal Cell Noninvasive Prenatal Testing', Trends in Biotechnology, vol. 37, no. 6, pp. 632-644. © 2018 Elsevier Ltd New tools for higher-resolution fetal genome analysis including microarray and next-generation sequencing have revolutionized prenatal screening. This article provides commentary on this rapidly advancing field and a future perspective emphasizing circulating fetal cell (CFC) utility. Despite the tremendous technological challenges associated with their reliable and cost-effective isolation from maternal blood, CFCs have a strong potential to bridge the gap between the diagnostic sensitivity of invasive procedures and the desirable noninvasive nature of cell-free fetal DNA (cffDNA). Considering the rapid advances in both rare cell isolation and low-input DNA analysis, we argue here that CFC-based noninvasive prenatal testing is poised to be implemented clinically in the near future. Rutting, S, Xenaki, D, Malouf, M, Horvat, JC, Wood, LG, Hansbro, PM & Oliver, BG 2019, 'Short-chain fatty acids increase TNFα-induced inflammation in primary human lung mesenchymal cells through the activation of p38 MAPK', American Journal of Physiology-Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology, vol. 316, no. 1, pp. L157-L174. Rutting, S, Zakarya, R, Bozier, J, Xenaki, D, Horvat, JC, Wood, LG, Hansbro, PM & Oliver, BG 2019, 'Dietary Fatty Acids Amplify Inflammatory Responses to Infection through p38 MAPK Signaling', American Journal of Respiratory Cell and Molecular Biology, vol. 60, no. 5, pp. 554-568. Copyright © 2019 by the American Thoracic Society. Obesity is an important risk factor for severe asthma exacerbations, which are mainly caused by respiratory infections. Dietary fatty acids, which are increased systemically in obese patients and are further increased after high-fat meals, affect the innate immune system and may contribute to dysfunctional immune responses to respiratory infection. In this study we investigated the effects of dietary fatty acids on immune responses to respiratory infection in pulmonary fibroblasts and a bronchial epithelial cell line (BEAS-2B). Cells were challenged with BSA-conjugated fatty acids (v-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids [PUFAs], v-3 PUFAs, or saturated fatty acids [SFAs]) 1/2 the viral mimic polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid (poly[I:C]) or bacterial compound lipoteichoic acid (LTA), and release of proinflammatory cytokines was measured. In both cell types, challenge with arachidonic acid (AA) (v-6 PUFA) and poly(I:C) or LTA led to substantially greater IL-6 and CXCL8 release than either challenge alone, demonstrating synergy. In epithelial cells, palmitic acid (SFA) combined with poly(I:C) also led to greater IL-6 release. The underlying signaling pathways of AA and poly(I:C)- or LTA-induced cytokine release were examined using specific signaling inhibitors and IB. Cytokine production in pulmonary fibroblasts was prostaglandin dependent, and synergistic upregulation occurred via p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling, whereas cytokine production in bronchial epithelial cell lines was mainly mediated through JNK and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling. We confirmed these findings using rhinovirus infection, demonstrating that AA enhances rhinovirus-induced cytokine release. This study suggests that during respiratory infection, increased levels of dietary v-6 PUFAs and SFAs may lead to more severe airway inflammation and may contribute to and/or increase the severity of asthma exacerbations. Ryan, S, Kempton, T, Pacecca, E & Coutts, AJ 2019, 'Measurement Properties of an Adductor Strength-Assessment System in Professional Australian Footballers', International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance, vol. 14, no. 2, pp. 256-259. © 2019 Human Kinetics, Inc. Purpose: To examine the measurement properties of an adductor strength-assessment system in professional Australian footballers. Methods: Observational, longitudinal design. Test–retest reliability data were collected from 18 professional Australian footballers from 1 club on the same day during the 2017 Australian Football League season. Week-to-week variation data were collected on 45 professional Australian footballers from 1 club during the same season at 48, 72, and 120 h postmatch (rounds 1–23). Players lay beneath a GroinBar hip-strength testing system in supine position with their knee joints at an angle of 60°. Force (in newtons) was extracted for the left and right limbs of each player and a pain score from 0 to 10 (0 = no pain, 10 = maximum pain) was provided. Coefficient of variation (CV) and smallest worthwhile change were calculated on test–retest data. Signal-to-noise ratio was calculated for each major time point. Mean difference between force scores in a subgroup of players with and without groin pain (n = 18) was collected as evidence of construct validity for the system. Results: Test CV was 6.3% (4.9–9.0%). CV exceeded the smallest worthwhile change on both limbs. Intraclass correlation coefficient was .94. Signal-to-noise ratio ranged from 1.6 to 2.6 on average for 48, 72, and 120 h postmatch. Groin pain had a very likely moderate negative effect on adductor strength (effect size: 0.41). Conclusions: The system possesses greater measurement precision than dynamometry and sphygmomanometer adductor strength-assessment methods in professional Australian footballers. Increased groin pain reduced groin squeeze force production. Practitioners may interpret changes exceeding 6.3% in adductor strength as real. Sabnis, AB, Chamoli, U & Diwan, AD 2019, 'Answer to the Letter to the Editor of Miao Yu et al. concerning “Is L5-S1 motion segment different from the rest? A radiographic kinematic assessment of 72 patients with chronic low back pain” by AB Sabnis et al. (Eur. Spine J; 27(5):1127–1135)', European Spine Journal, vol. 28, no. 5, pp. 1249-1249. Saffari, M, Lin, C-Y, Chen, H & Pakpour, AH 2019, 'The role of religious coping and social support on medication adherence and quality of life among the elderly with type 2 diabetes', Quality of Life Research, vol. 28, no. 8, pp. 2183-2193. © 2019, Springer Nature Switzerland AG. Purpose: Type 2 diabetes is a major public health issue particularly in the elderly. Religion may affect the Health Related Quality of Life (HRQoL) in such patients, mediated by factors such as religious coping and social support. This study aimed to investigate the impact of religiosity on medication adherence and HRQoL. Methods: 793 adults (> 65 years old, 45% females) were recruited from 4 diabetes care centers and followed for 1 year. Duke University Religion Index, Spiritual Coping Strategies, Multidimensional Perceived Social Support, Medication Adherence Report Scale, WHOQOL-BREF and Diabetes-specific Quality of Life Questionnaire Module were used for assessment, as well as HbA1c and fasting blood glucose level. Using structural equation modeling, the potential paths were tested between religiosity, medication adherence and HRQoL; social support, religious coping and medication adherence served as the mediators. Results: Religious coping and social support were recognized as the significant mediators between religiosity and medication adherence (CFI = 0.983, TLI = 0.985, and RMSEA = 0.021). The relationships between religiosity and HRQoL were considerably mediated by social support, religious coping and medication adherence and these variables explained 12% and 33% of variances of generic and specific HRQoL, respectively. There was no significant direct effect of religiosity on HRQoL. HbA1c and fasting blood glucose level were successfully loaded on the latent construct of medication adherence (factor loading = 0.51 and 0.44, respectively). Conclusions: The impact of religiosity on medication adherence and HRQoL occurs through the mediators such as religious coping and social support. Therefore, to improve the adherence to treatment and quality of life, interventions may be designed based on these mediators. Samardzic, K & Rodgers, KJ 2019, 'Cell death and mitochondrial dysfunction induced by the dietary non-proteinogenic amino acid l-azetidine-2-carboxylic acid (Aze)', Amino Acids, vol. 51, no. 8, pp. 1221-1232. Samardzic, K & Rodgers, KJ 2019, 'Cytotoxicity and mitochondrial dysfunction caused by the dietary supplement l-norvaline', Toxicology in Vitro, vol. 56, pp. 163-171. In addition to the 20 protein amino acids that are encoded for protein synthesis, hundreds of other naturally occurring amino acids, known as non-proteinogenic amino acids (NPAAs) exist. It is well known that some NPAAs are toxic through their ability to mimic protein amino acids, either in protein synthesis or in other metabolic pathways, and this property is utilised by some plants to inhibit the growth of other plants or kill herbivores. L-norvaline is an NPAA readily available for purchase as a dietary supplement. In light of previous evidence of l-norvaline's antifungal, antimicrobial and herbicidal activity, we examined the toxicity of l-norvaline to mammalian cells in vitro and showed that l-norvaline decreased cell viability at concentrations as low as 125 μM, caused necrotic cell death and significant changes to mitochondrial morphology and function. Furthermore, toxicity was reduced in the presence of structurally similar 'protein' amino acids, suggesting l-norvaline's cytotoxicity could be attributed to protein amino acid mimicry. Sanderson, C, Miller-Lewis, L, Rawlings, D, Parker, D & Tieman, J 2019, '“I want to die in my sleep”—how people think about death, choice, and control: findings from a Massive Open Online Course', Annals of Palliative Medicine, vol. 8, no. 4, pp. 411-419. © Annals of Palliative Medicine. Background: Complex social and ethical debates about voluntary assisted dying (euthanasia), palliative care, and advance care planning are presently being worked through in many developed countries, and the policy implications of these discussions for palliative care are potentially very significant. However, community attitudes to death and dying are complex, multilayered, and contain many mixed messages. Methods: Participants posted comments in a Massive Open Online Course (MOOC) on death and dying, entitled Dying2Learn. This provided an opportunity to explore societal and personal attitudes to wishes and beliefs around death and dying. For one activity in the MOOC, participants responded to a question asking them about “the best way to go”. Results: Responses were subjected to thematic analysis, during which they were coded for conceptual categories. This analysis showed how acceptance of death as a natural and normal process, and as a shared event that affects a whole social network, may nonetheless be accompanied by deep reluctance to address the physical process of dying (i.e., “avoidant acceptance”). Conclusions: Our findings highlighted a desire for choice and control in relation to dying, which is a common element in discussions of both advance care planning and palliative care. This same focus may contribute to a perception that voluntary assisted dying/euthanasia is a necessary strategy for ensuring that people have control over their dying process. We discuss the paradox of individuals wanting to have control whilst preferring not to know that they are dying. Sanderson, C, Sheahan, L, Kochovska, S, Luckett, T, Parker, D, Butow, P & Agar, M 2019, 'Re-defining moral distress: A systematic review and critical re-appraisal of the argument-based bioethics literature', Clinical Ethics, vol. 14, no. 4, pp. 195-210. Santos, J, Milthorpe, B & Padula, M 2019, 'Proteomic Analysis of Cyclic Ketamine Compounds Ability to Induce Neural Differentiation in Human Adult Mesenchymal Stem Cells', International Journal of Molecular Sciences, vol. 20, no. 3, pp. 523-523. Santos, J, Milthorpe, BK & Padula, MP 2019, 'Correction: Santos, J., et al. Proteomic Analysis of Cyclic Ketamine Compounds Ability to Induce Neural Differentiation in Human Adult Mesenchymal Stem Cells. International Journal of Molecular Sciences 2019, 20, 523', International Journal of Molecular Sciences, vol. 20, no. 14, pp. 3542-3542. Sheikhi, M, Movahedizadeh, M, Shahsavari, S & Chen, H 2019, 'The Association between Religious Belief and Drug Adherence Mediated by Religious Coping in Patients with Mental Disorders', Social Health and Behavior, vol. 2, no. 3, pp. 77-77. Sheldrick, K, Chamoli, U, Masuda, K, Miyazaki, S, Kato, K & Diwan, AD 2019, 'A novel magnetic resonance imaging postprocessing technique for the assessment of intervertebral disc degeneration—Correlation with histological grading in a rabbit disc degeneration model', JOR SPINE, vol. 2, no. 3. Shires, A, Sharpe, L & Newton John, TRO 2019, 'The relative efficacy of mindfulness versus distraction: The moderating role of attentional bias', European Journal of Pain, vol. 23, no. 4, pp. 727-738. Shrestha, J, Ghadiri, M, Shanmugavel, M, Razavi Bazaz, S, Vasilescu, S, Ding, L & Ebrahimi Warkiani, M 2019, 'A rapidly prototyped lung-on-a-chip model using 3D-printed molds', Organs-on-a-Chip, vol. 1, pp. 100001-100001. Si, L, Eisman, JA, Winzenberg, T, Sanders, KM, Center, JR, Nguyen, TV & Palmer, AJ 2019, 'Microsimulation model for the health economic evaluation of osteoporosis interventions: study protocol', BMJ Open, vol. 9, no. 2, pp. e028365-e028365. Skorski, S, Mujika, I, Bosquet, L, Meeusen, R, Coutts, AJ & Meyer, T 2019, 'The Temporal Relationship Between Exercise, Recovery Processes, and Changes in Performance', International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance, vol. 14, no. 8, pp. 1015-1021. Smith, CM, Catchpoole, D & Hutvagner, G 2019, 'Non-Coding RNAs in Pediatric Solid Tumors', Frontiers in Genetics, vol. 10. © Copyright © 2019 Smith, Catchpoole and Hutvagner. Pediatric solid tumors are a diverse group of extracranial solid tumors representing approximately 40% of childhood cancers. Pediatric solid tumors are believed to arise as a result of disruptions in the developmental process of precursor cells which lead them to accumulate cancerous phenotypes. In contrast to many adult tumors, pediatric tumors typically feature a low number of genetic mutations in protein-coding genes which could explain the emergence of these phenotypes. It is likely that oncogenesis occurs after a failure at many different levels of regulation. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) comprise a group of functional RNA molecules that lack protein coding potential but are essential in the regulation and maintenance of many epigenetic and post-translational mechanisms. Indeed, research has accumulated a large body of evidence implicating many ncRNAs in the regulation of well-established oncogenic networks. In this review we cover a range of extracranial solid tumors which represent some of the rarer and enigmatic childhood cancers known. We focus on two major classes of ncRNAs, microRNAs and long non-coding RNAs, which are likely to play a key role in the development of these cancers and emphasize their functional contributions and molecular interactions during tumor formation. Smith, MR, Chai, R, Nguyen, HT, Marcora, SM & Coutts, AJ 2019, 'Comparing the Effects of Three Cognitive Tasks on Indicators of Mental Fatigue', The Journal of Psychology, vol. 153, no. 8, pp. 759-783. © 2019, © 2019 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC. This investigation assessed the impact of three cognitively demanding tasks on cognitive performance, subjective, and physiological indicators of mental fatigue. Following familiarization, participants completed four testing sessions, separated by 48 h. During each session, participants watched a 45-min emotionally neutral documentary (control) or completed one of the following computer tasks: Psychomotor Vigilance Task (PVT); AX-Continuous Performance Test (AX-CPT); or Stroop Task. Mental fatigue was assessed before and at regular periods for 60 min following the 45-min treatments. Cognitive performance was assessed using 3-min PVT, and task performance. Subjective assessments were conducted using the Brunel Mood Scale, and visual analog scales (VAS). Physiological indicators of mental fatigue included electroencephalography (EEG), and heart rate variability (HRV). Subjective ratings of mental fatigue increased from pre to 0-min post in all-treatments, but not the documentary (p < 0.05). Subjective fatigue (VAS) remained higher (p < 0.05) than pretreatment values for 20-, 50-, and 60-min following the PVT, Stroop, and AX-CPT respectively. The cognitively demanding tasks had unclear effects on 3-min PVT, EEG, and HRV assessments. Tasks requiring response inhibition appear to induce fatigue for longer durations than a simple vigilance task. Simple VAS appear to be the most practical method for assessing mental fatigue. Solanes, JE, Gracia, L, Muñoz-Benavent, P, Valls Miro, J, Perez-Vidal, C & Tornero, J 2019, 'Robust Hybrid Position-Force Control for Robotic Surface Polishing', Journal of Manufacturing Science and Engineering, vol. 141, no. 1. Sopina, E, Chenoweth, L, Luckett, T, Agar, M, Luscombe, GM, Davidson, PM, Pond, CD, Phillips, J & Goodall, S 2019, 'Health-related quality of life in people with advanced dementia: a comparison of EQ-5D-5L and QUALID instruments', Quality of Life Research, vol. 28, no. 1, pp. 121-129. Assessing health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in people with advanced dementia is challenging but important for informed decision-making. Proxy measurement of this construct is difficult and is often rated lower than self-report. Accurate proxy rating of quality of life in dementia is related to identification of concepts important to the person themselves, as well as the sensitivity of the measures used. The main aim of this study was to compare the performance of two instruments-QUALID and EQ-5D-5L-on measuring HRQOL in people with advanced dementia.In a sub-study nested within a cluster-RCT we collected proxy(nurse)-completed EQ-5D-5L and QUALID measures at baseline, 3, 6, 9 and 12 months' follow-up for people with advanced dementia, residing in 20 nursing homes across Australia. Spearman's rank correlations, partial correlations and linear regressions were used to assess the relationship between the HRQOL instrument scores and their changes over time.The mean weight from 284 people for the EQ-5D-5L and QUALID at baseline were 0.004 (95% CI - 0.026, 0.033) and 24.98 (95% CI 24.13, 25.82), respectively. At 12 months' follow-up, 115 participants remained alive. EQ-5D-5L weights and QUALID scores at baseline and at follow-up were moderately correlated (r = - 0.437; p < 0.001 at 12 months). Changes within QUALID and EQ-5D-5L across the same follow-up periods were also correlated (r = - 0.266; p = 0.005). The regression analyses support these findings.Whilst these quality of life instruments demonstrated moderate correlation, the EQ-5D-5L does not appear to capture all aspects of quality of life that are relevant to people with advanced dementia and we cannot recommend the use of this instrument for use within this population. The QUALID appears to be a more suitable instrument for measuring HRQOL in people with severe dementia, but is not preference-based, which limits its application in economic evaluations of dementia care. Stangenberg, S, Nguyen, LT, Chan, YL, Zaky, A, Pollock, CA, Chen, H & Saad, S 2019, 'Maternal L‐carnitine supplementation ameliorates renal underdevelopment and epigenetic changes in male mice offspring due to maternal smoking', Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology and Physiology, vol. 46, no. 2, pp. 183-193. Styrkarsdottir, U, Stefansson, OA, Gunnarsdottir, K, Thorleifsson, G, Lund, SH, Stefansdottir, L, Juliusson, K, Agustsdottir, AB, Zink, F, Halldorsson, GH, Ivarsdottir, EV, Benonisdottir, S, Jonsson, H, Gylfason, A, Norland, K, Trajanoska, K, Boer, CG, Southam, L, Leung, JCS, Tang, NLS, Kwok, TCY, Lee, JSW, Ho, SC, Byrjalsen, I, Center, JR, Lee, SH, Koh, J-M, Lohmander, LS, Ho-Pham, LT, Nguyen, TV, Eisman, JA, Woo, J, Leung, P-C, Loughlin, J, Zeggini, E, Christiansen, C, Rivadeneira, F, van Meurs, J, Uitterlinden, AG, Mogensen, B, Jonsson, H, Ingvarsson, T, Sigurdsson, G, Benediktsson, R, Sulem, P, Jonsdottir, I, Masson, G, Holm, H, Norddahl, GL, Thorsteinsdottir, U, Gudbjartsson, DF & Stefansson, K 2019, 'GWAS of bone size yields twelve loci that also affect height, BMD, osteoarthritis or fractures', Nature Communications, vol. 10, no. 1. Styrkarsdottir, U, Stefansson, OA, Gunnarsdottir, K, Thorleifsson, G, Lund, SH, Stefansdottir, L, Juliusson, K, Agustsdottir, AB, Zink, F, Halldorsson, GH, Ivarsdottir, EV, Benonisdottir, S, Jonsson, H, Gylfason, A, Norland, K, Trajanoska, K, Boer, CG, Southam, L, Leung, JCS, Tang, NLS, Kwok, TCY, Lee, JSW, Ho, SC, Byrjalsen, I, Center, JR, Lee, SH, Koh, J-M, Lohmander, LS, Ho-Pham, LT, Nguyen, TV, Eisman, JA, Woo, J, Leung, P-C, Loughlin, J, Zeggini, E, Christiansen, C, Rivadeneira, F, van Meurs, J, Uitterlinden, AG, Mogensen, B, Jonsson, H, Ingvarsson, T, Sigurdsson, G, Benediktsson, R, Sulem, P, Jonsdottir, I, Masson, G, Holm, H, Norddahl, GL, Thorsteinsdottir, U, Gudbjartsson, DF & Stefansson, K 2019, 'Publisher Correction: GWAS of bone size yields twelve loci that also affect height, BMD, osteoarthritis or fractures', Nature Communications, vol. 10, no. 1. Sutton, SK, Cheung, BB, Massudi, H, Tan, O, Koach, J, Mayoh, C, Carter, DR & Marshall, GM 2019, 'Heterozygous loss of keratinocyte TRIM16 expression increases melanocytic cell lesions and lymph node metastasis', Journal of Cancer Research and Clinical Oncology, vol. 145, no. 9, pp. 2241-2250. © 2019, The Author(s). Purpose: The tripartite motif (TRIM)16 acts as a tumour suppressor in both squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and melanoma. TRIM16 is known to be secreted by keratinocytes, but no studies have been reported yet to assess the relationship between TRIM16 keratinocyte expression and melanoma development. Methods: To study the role of TRIM16 in skin cancer development, we developed a keratinocyte TRIM16-specific knockout mouse model, and used the classical two-stage skin carcinogenesis challenge method, to assess the loss of keratinocyte TRIM16 on both papilloma, SCC and melanoma development in the skin after topical carcinogen treatment. Results: Heterozygous, but not homozygous, TRIM16 knockout mice exhibited an accelerated development of skin papillomas and melanomas, larger melanoma lesions and an increased potential for lymph node metastasis. Conclusion: This study provides the first evidence that keratinocyte loss of the putative melanoma tumour suppressor protein, TRIM16, enhances melanomagenesis. Our data also suggest that TRIM16 expression in keratinocytes is involved in cross talk between keratinocytes and melanocytes, and has a role in melanoma tumorigenesis. Sweeney, CJ, De Abreu Lourenco, R, Hamid, AA & Buyse, M 2019, 'What Does Metastasis-Free Survival Actually Mean?', Journal of Clinical Oncology, vol. 37, no. 19, pp. 1679-1680. Tang, T, Liu, Y, Zhang, B, Su, B & Li, J 2019, 'Sketch distance-based clustering of chromosomes for large genome database compression', BMC Genomics, vol. 20, no. S10, pp. 978-978. Tavakoli, J, Gascooke, J, Xie, N, Tang, BZ & Tang, Y 2019, 'Enlightening Freeze–Thaw Process of Physically Cross-Linked Poly(vinyl alcohol) Hydrogels by Aggregation-Induced Emission Fluorogens', ACS Applied Polymer Materials, vol. 1, no. 6, pp. 1390-1398. Tavakoli, J, Laisak, E, Gao, M & Tang, Y 2019, 'AIEgen quantitatively monitoring the release of Ca2+ during swelling and degradation process in alginate hydrogels', Materials Science and Engineering: C, vol. 104, pp. 109951-109951. © 2019 Elsevier B.V. Alginate-based hydrogels are extensively used for different biomedical applications. While the swelling and degradation of alginate-based hydrogels affect their structure-property relationship, many studies employed gravimetric analysis to characterize the swelling-degradation process. Accurate or not, this traditional method is difficult to be consistently performed with minimized errors, especially at the late stage of the process. For the first time, this study introduced a reliable, accurate and cost-effective method to minimize the human-sourced errors during repetitive measurement of swelling and degradation of alginate-based hydrogels based on Ca2+ specified aggregation-induced emission fluorogen technology. This study provides an approach for characterization of different properties of alginate-based tissue engineered scaffolds. The established relation between the changes in released Ca2+ into the swelling environment and its relative intensity identified the potential application of the proposed method for prediction of swelling and degradation behaviour in alginate-based hydrogels. Tavakoli, J, Zhang, H-P, Tang, BZ & Tang, Y 2019, 'Aggregation-induced emission lights up the swelling process: a new technique for swelling characterisation of hydrogels', Materials Chemistry Frontiers, vol. 3, no. 4, pp. 664-667. The characterization of the swelling properties in hydrogels suffers uncertainty due to the limitations that occur during weight change measurement. Thambar, PJ, Brown, DA & Sivabalan, P 2019, 'Managing systemic uncertainty: The role of industry-level management controls and hybrids', Accounting, Organizations and Society, vol. 77, pp. 101049-101049. © 2019 We study how multiple firms voluntarily design inter-firm mechanisms to manage industry-level systemic uncertainty. Facing a threat of systemic uncertainty that cannot be addressed by any one firm, we explain how the Australian cotton industry mobilised hybrids and boundary spanners to develop an industry-level solution at the inter-firm level. We apply resource dependence theory to extend Miller, Kurunmäki and O'Leary (2008), and identify a broader range of hybrid characteristics (novel, inter-firm, public/private and open source) than currently acknowledged in accounting studies. We use these characteristics to explain how hybrid organisational forms and hybrid control processes operate at the inter-firm level to develop and share a solution to systemic uncertainty, which are subsequently applied at the firm-level. Our findings also show how boundary spanners can operate with less tension in larger industry-level collaborations, explained using our resource dependence conceptualisation. This responds to Dekker's (2016) calls for more inter-firm research clarifying how controls operate beyond the firm. Thompson, CJ, Fransen, J, Skorski, S, Smith, MR, Meyer, T, Barrett, S & Coutts, AJ 2019, 'Mental Fatigue in Football: Is it Time to Shift the Goalposts? An Evaluation of the Current Methodology', Sports Medicine, vol. 49, no. 2, pp. 177-183. © 2018, Springer Nature Switzerland AG. Research in football for a long time has focused on the physical nature of fatigue as opposed to its mental aspects. However, since 2016, six original articles have investigated the effects of induced mental fatigue in football on isolated physical, skill and decision-making performance tests, along with physical, technical and tactical performance outcomes in small-sided games. Whilst these studies have overall shown a negative impact of mental fatigue on task performance, this current opinion aims to critically examine the methodological approach to this problem, most notably the lack of ecological validity when inducing mental fatigue and the present approach to measuring mental fatigue using visual analogue scales (VAS). It is suggested that future research on mental fatigue in football may benefit from the use of surveys/interviews to understand the true cognitive demands of elite football players. Additionally, future research should aim to reduce the reliance on using VAS to measure mental fatigue as results from this tool may be confounded by several response biases. In conclusion, this article highlights the need for mentally fatiguing tasks that adequately represent football-associated mental fatigue and assessments of mental fatigue that minimise the confounding effect of response bias. To, THM, Soo, WK, Lane, H, Khattak, A, Steer, C, Devitt, B, Dhillon, HM, Booms, A & Phillips, J 2019, 'Utilisation of geriatric assessment in oncology - a survey of Australian medical oncologists', Journal of Geriatric Oncology, vol. 10, no. 2, pp. 216-221. © 2018 Elsevier Inc. Introduction: Geriatric assessment (GA) is a multidimensional health assessment of the older person to evaluate their physical and cognitive function, comorbidities, nutrition, medications, psychological state, and social supports. GA may help oncologists optimise care for older patients with cancer. The aim of this study was to explore the views of Australian medical oncologists regarding the incorporation of geriatric screening tools, GA and collaboration with geriatricians into routine clinical practice. Methods: Members of the Medical Oncology Group of Australia were invited to complete an online survey that evaluated respondent demographics, practice characteristics, treatment decision-making factors, use of GA, and access to geriatricians. Results: Sixty-nine respondents identified comorbidities, polypharmacy, and poor functional status as the most frequent challenges in caring for older patients with cancer. Physical function, social supports and nutrition were the most frequent factors influencing treatment decision-making. The majority of respondents perceived value in GA and geriatrician review, although access was a barrier for referral. Such services would need to be responsive, providing reports within two weeks for the majority of respondents. Conclusion: Despite an emerging evidence base for the potential benefits of GA and collaboration with geriatricians, medical oncologists reported a lack of access but a desire to engage with these services. Torres-Robles, A, Wiecek, E, Cutler, R, Drake, B, Benrimoj, SI, Fernandez-Llimos, F & Garcia-Cardenas, V 2019, 'Using Dispensing Data to Evaluate Adherence Implementation Rates in Community Pharmacy', Frontiers in Pharmacology, vol. 10, no. FEB, p. 130. Copyright © 2019 Torres-Robles, Wiecek, Cutler, Drake, Benrimoj, Fernandez-Llimos and Garcia-Cardenas. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. Background: Medication non-adherence remains a significant problem for the health care system with clinical, humanistic and economic impact. Dispensing data is a valuable and commonly utilized measure due accessibility in electronic health data. The purpose of this study was to analyze the changes on adherence implementation rates before and after a community pharmacist intervention integrated in usual real life practice, incorporating big data analysis techniques to evaluate Proportion of Days Covered (PDC) from pharmacy dispensing data. Methods: Retrospective observational study. A de-identified database of dispensing data from 20,335 patients (n = 11,257 on rosuvastatin, n = 6,797 on irbesartan, and n = 2,281 on desvenlafaxine) was analyzed. Included patients received a pharmacist-led medication adherence intervention and had dispensing records before and after the intervention. As a measure of adherence implementation, PDC was utilized. Analysis of the database was performed using SQL and Python. Results: Three months after the pharmacist intervention there was an increase on average PDC from 50.2% (SD: 30.1) to 66.9% (SD: 29.9) for rosuvastatin, from 50.8% (SD: 30.3) to 68% (SD: 29.3) for irbesartan and from 47.3% (SD: 28.4) to 66.3% (SD: 27.3) for desvenlafaxine. These rates declined over 12 months to 62.1% (SD: 32.0) for rosuvastatin, to 62.4% (SD: 32.5) for irbesartan and to 58.1% (SD: 31.1) for desvenla... Tran, HV, Tran‐Le, PT & Nguyen, TV 2019, 'Treatment of vocal cord paralysis by autologous fat injection: Our experience with 41 patients', Clinical Otolaryngology, vol. 44, no. 1, pp. 76-80. Tribolet, R, Watsford, ML, Coutts, AJ, Smith, C & Fransen, J 2019, 'From entry to elite: The relative age effect in the Australian football talent pathway', Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport, vol. 22, no. 6, pp. 741-745. © 2018 Sports Medicine Australia Objectives: This study aimed to assess the first instance and prevalence of the Relative Age Effect (RAE) in the male Australian Football (AF) talent development pathway through to the Australian Football League (AFL). Design: Retrospective cross-sectional analysis. Methods: Birthdate distribution was accessed from an U10–U12 AF academy trial (n = 514), U13–U19 AF academy players (n = 408), AFL state, national and international combines (n = 2989), AFL Rising Star nominees (n = 50) and the top ten AFL Brownlow vote recipients (n = 50) between 2013–2017. Results: Chi-squared analysis showed significant overrepresentation to early born players in the selection year for both quartile and half-year compared to the previously known distribution at different stages of the talent pathway. Odds ratio demonstrated bias to players born in quartiles one and two of the selection year compared to players born in quartile four in every cohort examined. Conclusions: RAEs appear between ages 10–12 in the male AF development pathway and continue to senior professional competition. RAEs are amplified as the competition for positions increases and at points where selection cut-offs occur. Interestingly, players receiving votes for the AFL's best and fairest award were 12.6 times more likely to be born in the first half of the year. This may suggest a latent effect, which has long term benefits for relatively older players. Nonetheless, the RAE affects career progression in a male AF talent pathway. Uddin, MB, Su, SW, Chen, W & Chow, CM 2019, 'Dynamic changes in Violi, JP, Facey, JA, Mitrovic, SM, Colville, A & Rodgers, KJ 2019, 'Production of β-methylamino-L-alanine (BMAA) and Its Isomers by Freshwater Diatoms', Toxins, vol. 11, no. 9, pp. 512-512. Violi, JP, Mitrovic, SM, Colville, A, Main, BJ & Rodgers, KJ 2019, 'Prevalence of β-methylamino-L-alanine (BMAA) and its isomers in freshwater cyanobacteria isolated from eastern Australia', Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, vol. 172, pp. 72-81. © 2019 Elsevier Inc. Environmental exposure to the amino acid β-methylamino-L-alanine (BMAA) was linked to the high incidence of neurodegenerative disease first reported on the island of Guam in the 1940s and has more recently been implicated in an increased incidence of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) in parts of the USA. BMAA has been shown to be produced by a range of cyanobacteria and some marine diatoms and dinoflagellates in different parts of the world. BMAA is commonly found with two of its constitutional isomers: 2,4- diaminobutyric acid (2,4-DAB) and N-(2-aminoethyl) glycine (AEG). These isomers are thought to be co-produced by the same organisms that produce BMAA and MS/MS analysis following LC separation can add an additional level of specificity over LC-FL. Although the presence of BMAA and 2,4-DAB in surface scum samples from several sites in Australia has been reported, which Australian cyanobacterial species are capable of BMAA, 2,4-DAB and AEG production remains unknown. The aims of the present studies were to identify some of the cyanobacterial genera or species that can produce BMAA, 2,4-DAB and AEG in freshwater cyanobacteria blooms in eastern Australia. Eleven freshwater sites were sampled and from these, 19 single-species cyanobacterial cultures were established. Amino acids were extracted from cyanobacterial cultures and analysed using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. BMAA was detected in 17 of the 19 isolates, 2,4-DAB was detected in all isolates, and AEG was detected in 18 of the 19 isolates, showing the prevalence of these amino acids in Australian freshwater cyanobacteria. Concentrations of all three isomers in Australian cyanobacteria were generally higher than the concentrations reported elsewhere. This study confirmed the presence of BMAA and its isomers in cyanobacteria isolated from eastern Australian freshwater systems, and determined which Australian cyanobacterial genera or species were capable of pr... Virdun, C, Luckett, T, Gilmore, I, Brassil, M, Lilian, R, Lorenz, K & Phillips, J 2019, 'Involving consumers with palliative care needs and their families in research: A case study', Collegian, vol. 26, no. 6, pp. 645-650. © 2019 Australian College of Nursing Ltd Background: There are significant policy imperatives to involve consumers at the outset of and throughout research. How best to achieve this in an authentic and meaningful way is elusive, particularly within the palliative care population. Aim: To determine how best to engage people with palliative care needs and their families in co-designing a qualitative study to better understand how to improve care of the dying in the acute care setting. Methods: A case study design informed this work, informed by pre-determined research questions that focused on consumers advising on participant experience within the research, rather than research methodology per se. Findings: Eleven consumers contributed across five panel meetings. Analysis of documented feedback led to four key areas of protocol change: Getting the language in the recruitment materials and information and consent forms right; Developing a feasible and acceptable recruitment strategy; Opportunities to more clearly articulate the explicit value of this research for patients and families; Support strategies for participants. Discussion: Authentic consumer engagement requires time and effort; however, the outcomes are well worth the invested time and energy. Key foci outlined within this case study to enhance authenticity included: collaboration; preferencing the consumer voice; adequate preparation to support consumer engagement; and openness to all feedback provided. Conclusion: Co-designing research with consumers enabled the outcome to be feasible for implementation, without any modifications required. Ensuring relevance and consumer-centredness for the expanding palliative care evidence base is essential and can only be achieved through meaningful partnerships with consumer representatives. Vo, TT, Luong, NT & Hoang, D 2019, 'MLAMAN: a novel multi-level authentication model and protocol for preventing wormhole attack in mobile ad hoc network', Wireless Networks, vol. 25, no. 7, pp. 4115-4132. Vuckovic, S, Bryant, C, Marsh-Wakefield, F, Kruzins, A, McGuire, H, Yang, S, Fazekas de St. Groth, B, Nassif, N, Byrne, SN, Gibson, J, Brown, C, Larsen, S, McCulloch, D, Boyle, R, Clark, G, Joshua, D & Ho, PJ 2019, 'Activated and Bone-marrow Resident Treg Alterations Underlie Malignant Transformation from MGUS to Multiple Myeloma', Clinical Lymphoma Myeloma and Leukemia, vol. 19, no. 10, pp. e100-e100. Wang, J, Tavakoli, J & Tang, Y 2019, 'Bacterial cellulose production, properties and applications with different culture methods – A review', Carbohydrate Polymers, vol. 219, pp. 63-76. © 2019 Elsevier Ltd Bacterial cellulose (BC) is an organic compound produced by certain types of bacteria. In natural habitats, the majority of bacteria synthesize extracellular polysaccharides, such as cellulose, which form protective envelopes around the cells. Many methods are currently being investigated to enhance cellulose growth. The various celluloses produced by different bacteria possess different morphologies, structures, properties, and applications. However, the literature lacks a comprehensive review of the different methods of BC production, which are critical to BC properties and their final applications. The aims of this review are to provide an overview of the production of BC from different culture methods, to analyze the characteristics of particular BC productions, to indicate existing problems associated with different methods, and to choose suitable culture approaches for BC applications in different fields. The main goals for future studies have also been discussed here. Winter, M, Cai, Z, Winkler, K, Georgiou, K, Inglis, D, Lavranos, T, Rezaei, M, Warkiani, M & Thierry, B 2019, 'Circulating tumour cell RNA characterisation from colorectal cancer patient blood after inertial microfluidic enrichment', MethodsX, vol. 6, pp. 1512-1520. © 2019 The Authors The detection and molecular analysis of circulating tumour cells (CTCs) potentially provides a significant insight to the characterisation of disease, stage of progression and therapeutic options for cancer patients. Following on from the protocol by Warkiani et al. 2016, which describes a method of enriching CTCs from cancer patient blood with inertial microfluidics, we describe a method to measure the CTC RNA expression in the enriched fraction using droplet digital PCR and compare transcript detection with and without RNA pre-amplification. • Inertial microfluidics combined with droplet digital PCR is advantageous as it allows for CTC enrichment and subsequent RNA analysis from patient blood. This allows for patient tumour analysis with increased sensitivity and precision compared to quantitative Real Time PCR and enables the direct quantification of nucleic acids without the need for tumour biopsy. • This method demonstrates an efficient approach providing important insights into the analysis of colorectal cancer patients’ CTCs using a specific gene subset or biomarkers, an approach that may be tailored to tumour type or expanded to larger panels. Wood, LG, Li, Q, Scott, HA, Rutting, S, Berthon, BS, Gibson, PG, Hansbro, PM, Williams, E, Horvat, J, Simpson, JL, Young, P, Oliver, BG & Baines, KJ 2019, 'Saturated fatty acids, obesity, and the nucleotide oligomerization domain–like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome in asthmatic patients', Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, vol. 143, no. 1, pp. 305-315. © 2018 American Academy of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology Background: Both obesity and high dietary fat intake activate the nucleotide oligomerization domain–like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome. Objective: We aimed to examine NLRP3 inflammasome activity in the airways of obese asthmatic patients after macronutrient overload and in immune cells challenged by inflammasome triggers. Methods: Study 1 was a cross-sectional observational study of nonobese (n = 51) and obese (n = 76) asthmatic adults. Study 2 was a randomized, crossover, acute feeding study in 23 asthmatic adults (n = 12 nonobese and n = 11 obese subjects). Subjects consumed 3 isocaloric meals on 3 separate occasions (ie, saturated fatty acid, n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid, and carbohydrate) and were assessed at 0 and 4 hours. For Studies 1 and 2, airway inflammation was measured based on sputum differential cell counts, IL-1β protein levels (ELISA), and sputum cell gene expression (Nanostring nCounter). In Study 3 peripheral blood neutrophils and monocytes were isolated by using Ficoll density gradient and magnetic bead separation and incubated with or without palmitic acid, LPS, or TNF-α for 24 hours, and IL-1β release was measured (ELISA). Results: In Study 1 NLRP3 and nucleotide oligomerization domain 1 (NOD1) gene expression was upregulated, and sputum IL-1β protein levels were greater in obese versus nonobese asthmatic patients. In Study 2 the saturated fatty acid meal led to increases in sputum neutrophil percentages and sputum cell gene expression of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and NLRP3 at 4 hours in nonobese asthmatic patients. In Study 3 neutrophils and monocytes released IL-1β when challenged with a combination of palmitic acid and LPS or TNF-α. Conclusion: The NLRP3 inflammasome is a potential therapeutic target in asthmatic patients. Behavioral interventions that reduce fatty acid exposure, such as weight loss and dietary saturated fat restriction, warrant further exploration. Wu, Y, Liu, T, Ling, S, Szymanski, J, Zhang, W & Su, S 2019, 'Air Quality Monitoring for Vulnerable Groups in Residential Environments Using a Multiple Hazard Gas Detector', Sensors, vol. 19, no. 2, pp. 362-362. Xu, X, Parker, D & Inglis, S 2019, 'The Longitudinal Association Between Food Groups, Memory Loss and Comorbidity of Heart Disease in Older People: Results from the 45 and Up Study', Heart, Lung and Circulation, vol. 28, pp. S141-S142. Xu, X, Parker, D, Inglis, SC & Byles, J 2019, 'Can regular long-term breakfast cereals consumption benefits lower cardiovascular diseases and diabetes risk? A longitudinal population-based study', Annals of Epidemiology, vol. 37, pp. 43-50.e3. PURPOSE:Studies indicate breakfast cereals may reduce the risk of overweight, cardiovascular diseases, and diabetes, but a limited number of longitudinal studies have explored these relationships, indicating the need for further assessment. METHODS:We used 45 and Up Study data to examine the longitudinal association between breakfast cereals (and different categories of cereals) and heart disease, stroke, and diabetes. Dietary consumption was assessed by a short food frequency questionnaire. Diagnosed heart disease, stroke, and diabetes were self-reported. Generalized estimating equation models were used to examine the longitudinal associations. RESULTS:Of a total of 142,503 participants (aged 45 years and older), people in the older age group (aged 80 or older) had significantly higher breakfast cereal consumption (P < .001) than those in the younger age group (aged 45-64 years). A significantly inverse association was found between breakfast muesli and heart disease, stroke, and diabetes across all age groups. Associations between other categories of breakfast cereals (biscuit, bran, and oat cereals) and these three diseases differed by age groups. A positive association was found between oat cereals and diabetes for people in the younger age groups (aged 80 years and younger), but not for people in the older age group (aged 80 years and older). CONCLUSIONS:The benefit of breakfast muesli consumption was highlighted in prevention of these three diseases. The result suggests that age-specific dietary guidelines, with a particular focus on the types of breakfast cereals consumption in prevention of chronic diseases for older people need to be developed. Yee, J, Davis, GM, Hackett, D, Beith, JM, Wilcken, N, Currow, D, Emery, J, Phillips, J, Martin, A, Hui, R, Harrison, M, Segelov, E & Kilbreath, SL 2019, 'Physical Activity for Symptom Management in Women With Metastatic Breast Cancer: A Randomized Feasibility Trial on Physical Activity and Breast Metastases', Journal of Pain and Symptom Management, vol. 58, no. 6, pp. 929-939. Zakarya, R, Adcock, I & Oliver, BG 2019, 'Epigenetic impacts of maternal tobacco and e-vapour exposure on the offspring lung', Clinical Epigenetics, vol. 11, no. 1. © 2019 The Author(s). In utero exposure to tobacco products, whether maternal or environmental, have harmful effects on first neonatal and later adult respiratory outcomes. These effects have been shown to persist across subsequent generations, regardless of the offsprings' smoking habits. Established epigenetic modifications induced by in utero exposure are postulated as the mechanism underlying the inherited poor respiratory outcomes. As e-cigarette use is on the rise, their potential to induce similar functional respiratory deficits underpinned by an alteration in the foetal epigenome needs to be explored. This review will focus on the functional and epigenetic impact of in utero exposure to maternal cigarette smoke, maternal environmental tobacco smoke, environmental tobacco smoke and e-cigarette vapour on foetal respiratory outcomes. Zhang, B, Li, J, Quan, L, Chen, Y & Lü, Q 2019, 'Sequence-based prediction of protein-protein interaction sites by simplified long short-term memory network', Neurocomputing, vol. 357, pp. 86-100. © 2019 Elsevier B.V. Proteins often interact with each other and form protein complexes to carry out various biochemical activities. Knowledge of the interaction sites is helpful for understanding disease mechanisms and drug design. Accurate prediction of the interaction sites from protein sequences is still a challenging task and severe imbalance data also decreased the performance of computational methods. In this study, we propose to use a deep learning method for improving the imbalanced prediction of protein interaction sites. We develop a new simplified long short-term memory (SLSTM) network to implement a deep learning architecture (named DLPred). To deal with the imbalanced classification in the deep learning model, we explore three new ideas. First, our collection of the training data is to construct a set of protein sequences, instead of a set of just single residues, to retain the entire sequential completeness of each protein. Second, a new penalization factor is appended to the loss function such that the penalization to the non-interaction site loss can be effectively enhanced. Third, multi-task learning of interaction sites and residue solvent accessibility prediction are used for correcting the preference of the prediction model on the non-interaction sites. Our model is evaluated on three public datasets: Dset186, Dtestset72 and PDBtestset164. Compared with current state-of-the-art methods, DLPred is able to significantly improve the predictive accuracies and AUC values while improving the F-measure. The training dataset, test datasets, a standalone version of DLPred and online service are available at http://qianglab.scst.suda.edu.cn/dlp/. Zhang, H-P, Han, W, Tavakoli, J, Zhang, Y-P, Lin, X, Lu, X, Ma, Y & Tang, Y 2019, 'Understanding interfacial interactions of polydopamine and glass fiber and their enhancement mechanisms in epoxy-based laminates', Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing, vol. 116, pp. 62-71. Interfacial behavior greatly affects the bulk mechanical performance of fiber reinforced polymer laminates. In this study, polydopamine modified glass fiber was used to fabricate short glass fiber reinforced polymer (GFRP) laminates. The interactions between glass fiber and polydopamine were studied experimentally and theoretically by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and density functional calculation respectively. Theoretical study clearly demonstrated that electronic interactions existed between polydopamine and glass fiber, indicating the hydrogen bonds/chemical interactions between them that were also demonstrated by XPS results. The enhanced interfacial interaction significantly benefited GFRP laminates, as demonstrated by various mechanical characterizations such as single fiber pull-out and Mode I interlaminar fracture toughness tests. Combining the theoretical and experimental studies indicated that polydopamine modification of glass fiber could be an easy and effective way to significantly improve the interfacial interactions between glass fiber and matrix and enhance the mechanical properties of GFRP laminates. Zhang, W, Liu, T, Ye, L, Ueland, M, Forbes, SL & Su, SW 2019, 'A novel data pre-processing method for odour detection and identification system', Sensors and Actuators A: Physical, vol. 287, pp. 113-120. © 2018 Elsevier B.V. This paper presents a novel electronic nose (E-nose) data pre-processing method, based on a recently developed non-parametric kernel-based modelling (KBM) approach. The proposed method is tested by an automated odour detection and classification system, named “NOS.E” developed by the NOS.E team in University of Technology Sydney. Experimental results show that when extracting the derivative-related features from signals collected by the NOS.E, the proposed non-parametric KBM odour data pre-processing method achieves more reliable and stable pre-processing results comparing with other pre-processing methods such as wavelet package correlation filter (WPCF), mean filter (MF), polynomial curve fitting (PCF) and locally weighted regression (LWR). Based on these derivative-related features, the NOS.E can achieve a 96.23% accuracy of classification with the popular Support Vector Machine (SVM) classifier. Zhao, Z, Peng, H, Zhang, X, Zheng, Y, Chen, F, Fang, L & Li, J 2019, 'Identification of lung cancer gene markers through kernel maximum mean discrepancy and information entropy', BMC Medical Genomics, vol. 12, no. S8. Zheng, Y, Peng, H, Ghosh, S, Lan, C & Li, J 2019, 'Inverse similarity and reliable negative samples for drug side-effect prediction', BMC Bioinformatics, vol. 19, no. S13, pp. 554-554. © 2019 The Author(s). Background: In silico prediction of potential drug side-effects is of crucial importance for drug development, since wet experimental identification of drug side-effects is expensive and time-consuming. Existing computational methods mainly focus on leveraging validated drug side-effect relations for the prediction. The performance is severely impeded by the lack of reliable negative training data. Thus, a method to select reliable negative samples becomes vital in the performance improvement. Methods: Most of the existing computational prediction methods are essentially based on the assumption that similar drugs are inclined to share the same side-effects, which has given rise to remarkable performance. It is also rational to assume an inverse proposition that dissimilar drugs are less likely to share the same side-effects. Based on this inverse similarity hypothesis, we proposed a novel method to select highly-reliable negative samples for side-effect prediction. The first step of our method is to build a drug similarity integration framework to measure the similarity between drugs from different perspectives. This step integrates drug chemical structures, drug target proteins, drug substituents, and drug therapeutic information as features into a unified framework. Then, a similarity score between each candidate negative drug and validated positive drugs is calculated using the similarity integration framework. Those candidate negative drugs with lower similarity scores are preferentially selected as negative samples. Finally, both the validated positive drugs and the selected highly-reliable negative samples are used for predictions. Results: The performance of the proposed method was evaluated on simulative side-effect prediction of 917 DrugBank drugs, comparing with four machine-learning algorithms. Extensive experiments show that the drug similarity integration framework has superior capability in capturing drug features, ac... Zheng, Y, Peng, H, Zhang, X, Zhao, Z, Gao, X & Li, J 2019, 'DDI-PULearn: a positive-unlabeled learning method for large-scale prediction of drug-drug interactions', BMC Bioinformatics, vol. 20, no. S19. Zheng, Y, Peng, H, Zhang, X, Zhao, Z, Gao, X & Li, J 2019, 'Old drug repositioning and new drug discovery through similarity learning from drug-target joint feature spaces', BMC Bioinformatics, vol. 20, no. S23, p. 605.
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Conferences
Abdollahi, M, Gao, X, Mei, Y, Ghosh, S & Li, J 1970, 'An Ontology-based Two-Stage Approach to Medical Text Classification with Feature Selection by Particle Swarm Optimisation', 2019 IEEE Congress on Evolutionary Computation (CEC), 2019 IEEE Congress on Evolutionary Computation (CEC), IEEE, New Zealand, pp. 119-126.
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© 2019 IEEE. Document classification (DC) is the task of assigning pre-defined labels to unseen documents by utilizing a model trained on the available labeled documents. DC has attracted much attention in medical fields recently because many issues can be formulated as a classification problem. It can assist doctors in decision making and correct decisions can reduce the medical expenses. Medical documents have special attributes that distinguish them from other texts and make them difficult to analyze. For example, many acronyms and abbreviations, and short expressions make it more challenging to extract information. The classification accuracy of the current medical DC methods is not satisfactory. The goal of this work is to enhance the input feature sets of the DC method to improve the accuracy. To approach this goal, a novel two-stage approach is proposed. In the first stage, a domain-specific dictionary, namely the Unified Medical Language System (UMLS), is employed to extract the key features belonging to the most relevant concepts such as diseases or symptoms. In the second stage, PSO is applied to select more related features from the extracted features in the first stage. The performance of the proposed approach is evaluated on the 2010 Informatics for Integrating Biology and the Bedside (i2b2) data set which is a widely used medical text dataset. The experimental results show substantial improvement by the proposed method on the accuracy of classification.
Abdollahi, M, Gao, X, Mei, Y, Ghosh, S & Li, J 1970, 'Stratifying Risk of Coronary Artery Disease Using Discriminative Knowledge-Guided Medical Concept Pairings from Clinical Notes', PRICAI 2019: Trends in Artificial Intelligence, Pacific Rim International Conference on Artificial Intelligence, Springer International Publishing, Cuvu, Yanuca Island, Fiji, pp. 457-473.
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© 2019, Springer Nature Switzerland AG. Document classification (DC) is one of the broadly investigated natural language processing tasks. Medical document classification can support doctors in making decision and improve medical services. Since the data in document classification often appear in raw form such as medical discharge notes, extracting meaningful information to use as features is a challenging task. There are many specialized words and expressions in medical documents which make them more challenging to analyze. The classification accuracy of available methods in medical field is not good enough. This work aims to improve the quality of the input feature sets to increase the accuracy. A new three-stage approach is proposed. In the first stage, the Unified Medical Language System (UMLS) which is a medical-specific dictionary is used to extract the meaningful phrases by considering disease or symptom concepts. In the second stage, all the possible pairs of the extracted concepts are created as new features. In the third stage, Particle Swarm Optimisation (PSO) is employed to select features from the extracted and constructed features in the previous stages. The experimental results show that the proposed three-stage method achieved substantial improvement over the existing medical DC approaches.
Alanazi, F, Gay, V & Alturki, R 1970, 'Tag Based Recommendation Systems for Tourism in Saudi Arabia', VISION 2025: EDUCATION EXCELLENCE AND MANAGEMENT OF INNOVATIONS THROUGH SUSTAINABLE ECONOMIC COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGE, 34th International-Business-Information-Management-Association (IBIMA) Conference, INT BUSINESS INFORMATION MANAGEMENT ASSOC-IBIMA, Madrid, SPAIN, pp. 6492-6500.
Alarkawi, D, Bliuc, D, Tran, T, Ahmed, LA, Emaus, N, Nguyen, TV, Eisman, JA & Center, JR 1970, 'IMPACT OF OSTEOPOROTIC FRACTURE TYPE AND SUBSEQUENT FRACTURE ON MORTALITY IN TROMSO, NORWAY', OSTEOPOROSIS INTERNATIONAL, IOF-Regional 7th Asia-Pacific Osteoporosis Conference, SPRINGER LONDON LTD, Sydney, AUSTRALIA, pp. S105-S106.
Ali, AR, Budka, M & Gabrys, B 1970, 'A Meta-Reinforcement Learning Approach to Optimize Parameters and Hyper-parameters Simultaneously', PRICAI 2019: Trends in Artificial Intelligence, Pacific Rim International Conference on Artificial Intelligence, Springer International Publishing, Yanuca Island, Fiji,, pp. 93-106.
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© 2019, Springer Nature Switzerland AG. In the last few years, we have witnessed a resurgence of interest in neural networks. The state-of-the-art deep neural network architectures are however challenging to design from scratch and requiring computationally costly empirical evaluations. Hence, there has been a lot of research effort dedicated to effective utilisation and adaptation of previously proposed architectures either by using transfer learning or by modifying the original architecture. The ultimate goal of designing a network architecture is to achieve the best possible accuracy for a given task or group of related tasks. Although there have been some efforts to automate network architecture design process, most of the existing solutions are still very computationally intensive. This work presents a framework to automatically find a good set of hyper-parameters resulting in reasonably good accuracy, which at the same time is less computationally expensive than the existing approaches. The idea presented here is to frame the hyper-parameter selection and tuning within the reinforcement learning regime. Thus, the parameters of a meta-learner, RNN, and hyper-parameters of the target network are tuned simultaneously. Our meta-learner is being updated using policy network and simultaneously generates a tuple of hyper-parameters which are utilized by another network. The network is trained on a given task for a number of steps and produces validation accuracy whose delta is used as reward. The reward along with the state of the network, comprising statistics of network’s final layer outcome and training loss, are fed back to the meta-learner which in turn generates a tuned tuple of hyper-parameters for the next time-step. Therefore, the effectiveness of a recommended tuple can be tested very quickly rather than waiting for the network to converge. This approach produces accuracy close to the state-of-the-art approach and is found to be comparatively l...
Ali, AR, Budka, M & Gabrys, B 1970, 'Towards Meta-learning of Deep Architectures for Efficient Domain Adaptation', PRICAI 2019: Trends in Artificial Intelligence, Pacific Rim International Conference on Artificial Intelligence, Springer International Publishing, Yanuca Island, Fiji., pp. 66-79.
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© 2019, Springer Nature Switzerland AG. This paper proposes an efficient domain adaption approach using deep learning along with transfer and meta-level learning. The objective is to identify how many blocks (i.e. groups of consecutive layers) of a pre-trained image classification network need to be fine-tuned based on the characteristics of the new task. In order to investigate it, a number of experiments have been conducted using different pre-trained networks and image datasets. The networks were fine-tuned, starting from the blocks containing the output layers and progressively moving towards the input layer, on various tasks with characteristics different from the original task. The amount of fine-tuning of a pre-trained network (i.e. the number of top layers requiring adaptation) is usually dependent on the complexity, size, and domain similarity of the original and new tasks. Considering these characteristics, a question arises of how many blocks of the network need to be fine-tuned to get maximum possible accuracy? Which of a number of available pre-trained networks require fine-tuning of the minimum number of blocks to achieve this accuracy? The experiments, that involve three network architectures each divided into 10 blocks on average and five datasets, empirically confirm the intuition that there exists a relationship between the similarity of the original and new tasks and the depth of network needed to fine-tune in order to achieve accuracy comparable with that of a model trained from scratch. Further analysis shows that the fine-tuning of the final top blocks of the network, which represent the high-level features, is sufficient in most of the cases. Moreover, we have empirically verified that less similar tasks require fine-tuning of deeper portions of the network, which however is still better than training a network from scratch.
Alturki, R & Gay, V 1970, 'Augmented and virtual reality in mobile fitness applications: A survey', EAI International Conference on Future Intelligent Vehicular Technologies, EAI International Conference on Future Intelligent Vehicular Technologies, ISLAMABAD, PAKISTAN, pp. 67-75.
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Obesity is a major issue around the world. It is the main reason for several chronic diseases. Obesity can be stopped by encouraging people to do physical activities and making behaviour intervention regarding lifestyle. Mobile fitness apps are emerging because of the unique features that are provided. They are seen as a vital tool to motivate people suffering from obesity to perform physical activities and make behaviour intervention regarding health and fitness. Augmented reality (AR) and virtual reality (VR) technologies have been used successfully in different kinds of mobile apps. This paper presents a systematic review of some of the most recent AG and VR researches in mobile apps. It discusses the main findings of applying both technologies in different fields of mobile apps. Based on this systematic review, a fitness mobile app for obese individuals that consider both AR and VR technology will be developed.
Alturki, R & Gay, V 1970, 'Usability attributes for mobile applications: A systematic review', EAI International Conference on Future Intelligent Vehicular Technologies, EAI International Conference on Future Intelligent Vehicular Technologies, Islamabad, Pakistan, pp. 53-62.
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The usability of mobile applications (apps) is an emerging area of research because of the increasing use of mobile devices around the world. App development is challenging because each application has its own purpose, and each individual user has different needs and expectations from the apps. There are various apps available for each purpose, and the success of the application depends on its usefulness. This paper presents a systematic review of some of the most contemporary apps and highlights their usability attributes. It discusses usability models, frameworks and guidelines outlined in previous research for designing apps with enhanced usability characteristics. Based on this research, comprehensive guidelines for mobile apps’ usability can then be provided.
Al-Zu'bi, MM, Mohan, AS & Ling, SSH 1970, 'Influence of Tissue Anisotropy on Molecular Communication.', EMBC, the 41st International Engineering in Medicine and Biology Conference, IEEE, Germany, pp. 2921-2924.
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Many biological tissues inside the human body exhibit highly anisotropic diffusion properties; for example, tissues of the nervous system and white matter in the brain. Here, we present an improved molecular communication model by introducing the tissue anisotropy to model diffusive molecular channel for nanomachine communications. We present a stochastic particle-based simulation model for molecular communication in three-dimensional (3D) anisotropic diffusive biological microenvironments and validate with analytical expressions. We also derive expressions for peak amplitude and peak time for the received molecular signal. The results demonstrate that the channel impulse response in anisotropic biological media depend significantly on the diffusion tensor as well as on the locations of the nanomachines.
Argha, A, Su, SW, Liu, Y & Celler, BG 1970, 'Control Allocation Based Sliding Mode Fault Tolerant Control', 2019 American Control Conference (ACC), 2019 American Control Conference (ACC), IEEE, Philadelphia, PA, USA, pp. 3752-3757.
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© 2019 American Automatic Control Council. This paper describes a novel fault tolerant control using robust sliding mode control strategy. This scheme can also be employed as actuator redundancy management for over-actuated uncertain linear systems. In contrast to many existing methods in the literature that assume the control input matrix is not of full rank such that it can be factorised into two matrices, this scheme can be applied to systems whose control input matrix has full rank. The so-called virtual control, in this scheme, is designed to be robust against uncertainties emanating from visibility of the control allocator to the controller and imperfection in the estimated effectiveness gain. Then using a static real-time control allocator, the obtained virtual control signal is redistributed among remaining (redundant or non-faulty) set of actuators. The proposed scheme is a unified, control allocation-based fault tolerant control which does not need to reconfigure the control system in the case of actuator fault or failure. The effectiveness of the proposed schemes is discussed with a numerical example.
Awan, Z, Kahlke, T, Ralph, P & Kennedy, P 1970, 'Chemical Named Entity Recognition with Deep Contextualized Neural Embeddings', Proceedings of the 11th International Joint Conference on Knowledge Discovery, Knowledge Engineering and Knowledge Management, 11th International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Information Retrieval, SCITEPRESS - Science and Technology Publications, Austria, pp. 135-144.
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Copyright © 2019 by SCITEPRESS – Science and Technology Publications, Lda. All rights reserved Chemical named entity recognition (ChemNER) is a preliminary step in chemical information extraction pipelines. ChemNER has been approached using rule-based, dictionary-based, and feature-engineered based machine learning, and more recently also deep learning based methods. Traditional word-embeddings, like word2vec and Glove, are inherently problematic because they ignore the context in which an entity appears. Contextualized embeddings called embedded language models (ELMo) have been recently introduced to represent contextual information of a word in its embedding space. In this work, we quantify the impact of contextualized embeddings for ChemNER by using Bi-LSTM-CRF (bidirectional long short term memory networks - conditional random fields) networks. We benchmarked our approach using four well-known corpora for chemical named entity recognition. Our results show that incorporation of ELMo results in statistically significant improvements in F1 score in all of the tested datasets.
Barnes-Harris, M, Johnson, M, Swan, F, Allgar, V, Booth, S, Currow, D, Hart, S & Phillips, J 1970, '8 Battery-operated fan and chronic breathlessness: does it help?', Future directions of hospice care: IPU or ITU?, Marie Curie Palliative Care Research Conference, British Medical Journal Publishing Group.
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Bedford, D, Pham, H, Sivabalan, P & Sivapalan, T 1970, 'Tight budgetary controls in early stage organisations facing high uncertainty and under-resourced environments: causes and effects', 10th Conference on Performance Measurement and Management Control, Nice, France.
Bozier, JE, Xenaki, D & Oliver, B 1970, 'E-cigarette Aerosol Stimulates Changes in Structural Proteins of the Lung', B107. EFFECTS OF E-CIGARETTES AND THEIR COMPONENTS ON RESPIRATORY DYSFUNCTION, INFLAMMATION, AND REPAIR, American Thoracic Society 2019 International Conference, May 17-22, 2019 - Dallas, TX, American Thoracic Society.
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Brunker, A, Catchpoole, D, Kennedy, P, Simoff, S & Nguyen, QV 1970, 'Two-Dimensional Immersive Cohort Analysis Supporting Personalised Medical Treatment', 2019 23rd International Conference in Information Visualization – Part II, 2019 23rd International Conference in Information Visualization – Part II, IEEE, Adelaide, Australia, pp. 34-41.
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© 2019 IEEE. Genomic data are large and complex which are challenges to visualize them effectively on ordinary screens due to the limited display spaces. Large and high resolution displays could enable the capability to show more information at once for better comprehension from the visualization. This paper presents a two-dimensional interactive visualization system and supporting algorithm for multi-dimensional large genomic data analysis that can be used in both ordinary displays or immersive environments. We provide both view of the entire patient cohort in the similarity space and the genomic details currently for comparison among the patients. Through the similarity space and on the selected genes of interest, we are able to perceive the genetic similarity throughout the cohort. From the linked heat map visualisation of the selected genes, we apply hierarchical clustering on both the horizontal and vertical axes to group together the genetically similar patients. We demonstrate the effectiveness of the visualization with two case studies on pediatric cancer patients suffering from Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL) and from Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS)
Büttner, TFS, Hudson, DD, Kabakova, IV & Eggleton, BJ 1970, 'Phase-locked, multiwavelength, distributed feedback brillouin laser', Proceedings 2015 European Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics - European Quantum Electronics Conference, CLEO/Europe-EQEC 2015, European Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics, OSA, Munich Germany.
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Phase-locked, multiwavelength laser sources with gigahertz line spacing are important for a variety of applications including arbitrary optical waveform generation and advanced telecommunications. Recently, it was demonstrated that the interplay of cascaded stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS) and Kerr-nonlinear four-wave mixing (FWM) in Fabry-Perot resonators can generate phase-locked, equally spaced frequency components, i.e. frequency combs [1, 2]. Instead of Fabry-Perot resonances, Bragg grating resonances offer a flexible and tunable in-fiber approach that can also lower the threshold power SBS. This has recently been used to demonstrate a distributed feedback (DFB) Brillouin laser [3] based on a uniform Bragg grating with a π- phase shift manifesting in a single resonance.
Chai, R, Tran, Y, Ling, SH, Craig, A & Nguyen, HT 1970, 'Combining ICA Clustering and Power Spectral Density for Feature Extraction of Mental Fatigue of Spinal Cord Injury Patients', 2019 41st Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC), 2019 41st Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine & Biology Society (EMBC), IEEE, Berlin, Germany, pp. 530-533.
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This paper presents the combination of clustering-based independent component analysis (ICASSO) and power spectral density (PSD) as a features extractor of mental fatigue from spinal cord injury (SCI) patients. Initially, the results show that SCI and abled-bodied groups have no differences in EEG for alert and mental fatigue states. Further, the coefficient determination (R2) is calculated for testing the variation of data alert vs. fatigue on the SCI group, resulting in a lower R2 for proposed combination of ICASSO and PSD method compared to the PSD method only. With the lower R2 values, this shows that the proposed method ICASSO and PSD is able to provide superior distinction for separating fatigue vs. alert data variation. The statistical significance is found across four EEG bands and EEG channels.
Craig, BM, De Abreu Lourenco, R & Huynh, E 1970, 'Good practices in health preference research', 11th Meeting of the International Academy of Health Preference Research, Auckland, New Zealand.
De Abreu Lourenco, R 1970, 'Grappling with the health, economics and health economics of immunotherapies', Immunotherapy Symptoms Clinical Trials: a new paradigm, Melbourne.
De Abreu Lourenco, R 1970, 'Health Economics, Drug Funding and Consumers', ANZGOG ASM, Sydney.
De Abreu Lourenco, R 1970, 'More than a fraction of value. Incorporating health economics into radiotherapy research', TROG ASM, Melbourne.
De Abreu Lourenco, R, Hegi-Johnson, F, Ball, D, Wright, G & Haas, M 1970, 'Factors influencing participation in curative intent treatment for lung cancer: A discrete choice experiment', TROG ASM, Melbourne.
DiGiacomo, M, Luckett, T, Hickman, L, Hrlec, M & Phillips, J 1970, 'Equipping tomorrow’s professional leaders in palliative care to recognise and work with assets beyond the healthcare system', Public Health and Palliative Care International, Leura.
DiGiacomo, M, Luckett, T, Hickman, L, Hrlec, M & Phillips, J 1970, 'Recognising and working with assets beyond the healthcare system: preparing future leaders in palliative care', Oceanic Palliative Care Conference, Perth.
Ding, L, Fardjahromi, MA, Bazaz, SR, Asadnia, M, Vesey, G & Warkiani, ME 1970, 'A 3D printed modular microfluidic device for large scale cell harvesting from bioreactors', 23rd International Conference on Miniaturized Systems for Chemistry and Life Sciences, MicroTAS 2019, pp. 604-605.
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Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) therapy is a research hotspot nowadays due to its multiple therapeutic effects and novel application in diseases treatments. However, the current industrial technologies for their culture and harvesting are labour-intensive, time-consuming and very expensive. Herein, we presented a 3D printed modular microfluidic system consisting of micromixers and spiral channel units for cell harvesting which will greatly reduce the time and cost needed for cell harvesting, washing and cultivation. At the meantime, this system is automatic, making it compatible to the current Good Manufacturing Practice (cGMP).
Faiz, A, Rathnayake, SNH, Vermeulen, C, Timens, W, Kooistra, W, Oliver, B, Willemse, B, Ten Hacken, NHT, Heijink, IH, Brandsma, C-A & Van Den Berge, M 1970, 'Longitudinal effects of smoking cessation on DNA methylation in bronchial biopsies of COPD and asymptomatic smokers', Molecular pathology and funct. genomics, ERS International Congress 2019 abstracts, European Respiratory Society, Madrid, SPAIN.
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Garcia, JA, Sundara, N, Tabor, G, Gay, VC & Leong, TW 1970, 'Solitaire Fitness: Design of an asynchronous exergame for the elderly to enhance cognitive and physical ability', 2019 IEEE 7th International Conference on Serious Games and Applications for Health (SeGAH), 2019 IEEE 7th International Conference on Serious Games and Applications for Health (SeGAH), IEEE, IEEE, pp. 1-6.
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© 2019 IEEE. The use of exergames has shown positive results in encouraging the elderly to increase their motivation towards physical activity and rehabilitation. These games usually offer playful routines that require players to perform full body movements in order to interact with the game. While this is often well-received by elderly users, this approach has some limitations that can lead to negative effects in the aged cohort. The main one being, that gameplay and exercise must happen concurrently. This, unfortunately, places limitations on the elderly users and limits the range of exercises that can be delivered. Also, prior studies have revealed that while the aged cohort often finds this approach enjoyable, they are more inclined to exercise in more traditional ways. This paper describes the design and development of an asynchronous game, called Solitaire Fitness, where physical exercise and cognitive gameplay do not occur at the same time. The game is designed to enhance both cognitive and physical abilities. It seamlessly links a well-established card game, solitaire, and let the elderly chose the form of exercise they are familiar with and let them exercise at their own pace, allow them to fully immerse in gameplay, and ultimately increase their motivation towards an healthy active lifestyle.
Guo, K, Yu, H, Chai, R, Nguyen, H & Su, SW 1970, 'A Hybrid Physiological Approach of Emotional Reaction Detection Using Combined FCM and SVM Classifier', 2019 41st Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC), 2019 41st Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine & Biology Society (EMBC), IEEE, Berlin, Germany, pp. 7088-7091.
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© 2019 IEEE. Users' emotional reaction capturing is one of the primary issues for brain computer interface applications. Despite the intuitive feedback provided by the qualitative methods, emotional reactions are expected to be detected and classified quantitatively. Based on the human emotion representation on physiological signal, this paper offers an hybrid approach combining electroencephalogram (EEG) and facial expression together to classify the human emotion. Several advanced signal processing techniques are used to simplify the data and extract the features involving local binary patterns (LBP), Compressed Sensing (CS) and Wavelet Transform (WT). A novel machine learning algorithm, combined Fuzzy Cognitive Maps (FCM) and Support Vector Machine (SVM) are implemented to recognise the feature patterns. The result illustrates a stable emotion classification system with 75.64% accuracy. This design can provide fast and precise emotional feedback, which would further improve the communication between human and computer.
Ha, TV & Hoang, DB 1970, 'Toward an Active Aging Society: An IT Model to Engage the Aging Population', 2019 International Conference on Information Networking (ICOIN), 2019 International Conference on Information Networking (ICOIN), IEEE, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
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Many countries around the world are expecting a growing number of elderly people as the society is aging over time. This shift is expected to create a large impact on our health and social security system. The cost of having an increasing proportion of elderly people is emerging as a challenge for governments, so much that our government is encouraging people to stay in the workforce longer. As a result, the aging population requires a solution that allows them to remain productive and keeping them mentally healthy. Existing solutions rely on the benefits of social networks or service networks to keep them active and improve mental health. However, these solutions fail to allow elderly people to act as a value contributor for the society. This paper proposes the design of a new model that allows elderly people to actively and collaboratively provide value to the society through an assistive platform that integrates a service network with a social network. This model combines the advantages of the social network to connect them and utilize the advantages of the service network to create opportunities for elderly people to offer their skills and knowledge to exchange benefits with other users. The proposed model can be used as a mean to engage seniors to the community, allowing them to generate value for themselves and the community while staying mentally healthy.
Hegi-Johnson, F, Haas, M, Ball, D, Wright, G & De Abreu Lourenco, R 1970, 'P2.16-33 What Influences Patient Decision-Making About Lung-Cancer Treatment? A Discrete Choice Experiment', Journal of Thoracic Oncology, IASLC 2019 World Conference on Lung Cancer Conquering Thoracic Cancers Worldwide, Elsevier BV, Barcelona, Spain, pp. S878-S878.
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Despite major advances in radiotherapy, surgery remains the treatment of choice for patients with stage I non-small cell lung cancer. We sought to investigate what influenced preferences for surgery or SABR among cancer patients.
Hesamian, MH, Jia, W, He, X & Kennedy, PJ 1970, 'Atrous Convolution for Binary Semantic Segmentation of Lung Nodule', ICASSP 2019 - 2019 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing (ICASSP), ICASSP 2019 - 2019 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing (ICASSP), IEEE, Brighton. UK, pp. 1015-1019.
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© 2019 IEEE. Accurately estimating the size of tumours and reproducing their boundaries from lung CT images provides crucial information for early diagnosis, staging and evaluating patients response to cancer therapy. This paper presents an advanced solution to segment lung nodules from CT images by employing a deep residual network structure with Atrous convolution. The Atrous convolution increases the field of view of the filters and helps to improve classification accuracy. Moreover, in order to address the significant class imbalance issue between the nodule pixels and background non-nodule pixels, a weighted loss function is proposed. We evaluate our proposed solution on the widely adopted benchmark dataset LIDC. A promising result of an average DCS of 81.24% is achieved, outperforming the state of the arts. This demonstrates the effectiveness and importance of applying the Atrous convolution and weighted loss for such problems.
Hofman, M, Murphy, DG, Williams, S, Nzenza, T, Herschtal, A, Matera, A, Marusic, P, De Abreu Lourenco, R, Bailey, DL, Iravani, A, Hicks, RJ, Francis, RJ & Lawrentschuk, N 1970, 'The “ProPSMA Study” clinical trial protocol: A prospective randomized multi-center study of the impact of Ga-68 PSMA PET/CT imaging for staging high-risk prostate cancer prior to curative-intent surgery or radiotherapy.', Journal of Clinical Oncology, American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO), pp. TPS138-TPS138.
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Huang, Y, Song, R, Chen, W, Yu, H, Argha, A, Celler, BG & Su, S 1970, 'The effects of different tracking tasks on muscle synergy through visual feedback', 2019 41st Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC), 2019 41st Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine & Biology Society (EMBC), IEEE, Berlin, Germany, pp. 417-420.
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© 2019 IEEE. By recruiting a modular organization of muscle with relative activities, the arm motion can be indicated by the neural system and generated for performing a variety of motor tasks. In this study, a Non-negative Matrix Factorization with initial estimation is applied to identify and extract primary muscle synergies and their activation patterns from the processed EMG recordings during three multidirectional tracking tasks with visual feedback interaction. The effects of task variety and tracking accuracy by visual feedback on muscle synergies and their activation patterns are explored by statistic analysis. The results showed that only the task variety affected what synergies were indicated by the neural system, but both task variety and visual feedback affected the duration and magnitude of the primary synergies. Thus, for active rehabilitation application, it is advised that if the purpose is to enhance the synergy indication from the neural system, the task completion accuracy should be emphasized, but if the purpose is to expand the motion area, the task variety should be diversified.
Khan, TA, Ling, SH & Mohan, AS 1970, 'Advanced Gravitational Search Algorithm with Modified Exploitation Strategy', 2019 IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man and Cybernetics (SMC), 2019 IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man and Cybernetics (SMC), IEEE, Bari, Italy, pp. 1066-1070.
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Gravitational search algorithm (GSA) is a novel technique as compared to other heuristic methods and depends pon the gravitational forces between masses. It showed better performance in terms of convergence but has slow exploitation ability due to the fitness function effect on masses; they are getting heavier after every iteration. Therefore, masses are getting closer to each other and nullify the gravitational forces on each other avoiding them from swiftly exploiting the optimum. In order to solve this problem in this paper, an advanced gravitational search algorithm (AGSA) with modified exploitation strategy is proposed. The reason for the modification is that the agents will reach the optimum point swiftly and the convergence is much faster as compared to the standard and other improved versions of GSA available in the literature. AGSA is also compared with the standard and modified Particle Swarm optimization algorithm in this paper. Five benchmark functions have been implemented to assess the efficiency of the presented algorithm. In addition, a standard, constrained, design problem of a pressure vessel design is also used to examine the efficiency of the proposed technique. Simulation results empirically validated that the presented algorithm has remarkably better results in accordance with convergence and solution stability when compared to the other methods.
Khan, TA, Zain-Ul-Abideen, K & Ling, SH 1970, 'A Hybrid Advanced PSO-Neural Network System', 2019 IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man and Cybernetics (SMC), 2019 IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man and Cybernetics (SMC), IEEE, Bari, ITALY, pp. 1626-1630.
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In this paper, a combination of Advanced Particle Swarm Optimization (APSO) and Neural Network are presented to compensate the drawbacks of both the techniques and utilize the strong attributes to form a hybrid system called Hybrid Advance Particle Swarm Optimization-Neural Network System (HAPSONNS). APSO is used for the training of the neural network. In the initial phases of the search, PSO has swift convergence for global optimum, but later it suffers from slow convergence around the global optimum position. On the contrary, the gradient method attains prior to convergence around the global optimum point, therefore, attaining better accuracy in terms of convergence. This paper elucidates the usage of APSO applied to feedforward neural network to improve the classification accuracy of the network and also decreases the network training time.
Khan, TA, Zain-Ul-Abideen, K & Ling, SH 1970, 'A Modified Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm Used for Feature Selection of UCI Biomedical Data Sets', 2019 60th International Scientific Conference on Information Technology and Management Science of Riga Technical University (ITMS), 2019 60th International Scientific Conference on Information Technology and Management Science of Riga Technical University (ITMS), IEEE, Riga, LATVIA.
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Khuat, TT & Gabrys, B 1970, 'Accelerated Training Algorithms of General Fuzzy Min-Max Neural Network Using GPU for Very High Dimensional Data', Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics), International Conference on Neural Information Processing, Springer International Publishing, Sydney, Australia, pp. 583-595.
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© Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2019. One of the issues of training a general fuzzy min-max neural network (GFMM) on very high dimensional data is a long training time even if the number of samples is relatively low. This is a quite common problem shared by many prototype-based methods requiring frequently repeated distance or similarity calculations. This paper proposes the method of accelerating the learning algorithms of the GFMM by, first, reformulating and representing them in a format allowing for their parallel execution and subsequently leveraging the computational power of the graphics processing unit (GPU). The original implementation of GFMM is modified by matrix computations to be executed on the GPU for the very high-dimensional datasets. The empirical results on two very high-dimensional datasets indicated that the training and testing processes performed on Nvidia Quadro P5000 GPU were from 10 to 35 times faster compared to those running serially on the Xeon CPU while retaining the same classification accuracy.
Kocbek, S & Gabrys, B 1970, 'Automated Machine Learning Techniques in Prognostics of Railway Track Defects', 2019 International Conference on Data Mining Workshops (ICDMW), 2019 International Conference on Data Mining Workshops (ICDMW), IEEE, China, pp. 777-784.
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© 2019 IEEE. The readiness and usefulness of Automated Machine Learning (AutoML) methods in classification of railway track defects is explored. Safety of railway networks is the top priority in the railroad industry, and track defects are a common cause of train accidents and service disruptions around the world. Effective classification and prediction of these defects based on historical inspection data can help in planning maintenance activities before critical defects occur. This increases safety of the network and lowers costs of the maintenance. The experimental analysis carried out on data from an international predictive modelling competition has shown that the proposed AutoML approaches resulted in an improved performance in comparison to the competition winning solutions and have an excellent potential for building robust predictive models in railway industry.
Kocbek, S, Kocbek, P, Zupanic, T, Stiglic, G & Gabrys, B 1970, 'Using (Automated) Machine Learning and Drug Prescription Records to Predict Mortality and Polypharmacy in Older Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients', Communications in Computer and Information Science, International Conference on Neural Information Processing, Springer International Publishing, Sydney, NSW, Australia, pp. 624-632.
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We analyse a large drug prescription dataset and test the hypothesis that drug prescription data can be used to predict further complications in older patients newly diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus. More specifically, we focus on mortality and polypharmacy prediction. We also examine the balance between interpretability and predictive performance for both prediction tasks, and compare performance of interpretable models with models generated with automated methods. Our results show good predictive performance in the polypharmacy prediction task with AUC of 0.859 (95% CI: 0.857–0.861). On the other hand, we were only able to achieve the average predictive performance for mortality prediction task with AUC of 0.754 (0.747–0.761). It was also shown that adding additional drug related features increased the performance only in the polypharmacy prediction task, while additional information on prescribed drugs did not influence the performance in the mortality prediction. Despite the limited success in mortality prediction, this study demonstrates the added value of the systematic collection and use of Electronic Health Record (EHR) data in solving the problem of polypharmacy related complications in older age.
Kulasinghe, A, Kapeleris, J, Kenny, L, Warkiani, M, Vela, I, Thiery, J-P, O'Byrne, K & Punyadeera, C 1970, 'Abstract 1333: Isolation, characterization and expansion of circulating tumor cells in solid cancers', Cancer Research, American Association for Cancer Research (AACR), pp. 1333-1333.
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LA, QT, REN, B, LOGAN, GJ, CUNNINGHAM, SC, KHANDEKAR, N, NASSIF, NT, O'BRIEN, BA, ALEXANDER, IE & SIMPSON, AM 1970, '1778-P: Delivery of the Insulin Gene Using an Integrating Adeno-Associated Viral Vector (AAV) to Diabetic NOD Mice', Diabetes, 79th Scientific Sessions of the American-Diabetes-Association (ADA), American Diabetes Association, San Francisco, CA, pp. 1778-P.
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Ling, SH, Makgawinata, H, Monsivais, FH, dos Santos Goncalves Lourenco, A, Lyu, J & Chai, R 1970, 'Classification of EEG Motor Imagery Tasks Using Convolution Neural Networks', 2019 41st Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC), 2019 41st Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine & Biology Society (EMBC), IEEE, Berlin, Germany, pp. 758-761.
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Electroencephalograph (EEG) is a highly nonlinear data and very difficult to be classified. The EEG signal is commonly used in the area of Brain-Computer Interface (BCI). The signal can be used as an operative command for directional movements for a powered wheelchair to assist people with disability in performing the daily activity.In this paper, we aim to classify Electroencephalograph EEG signals extracted from subjects which had been trained to perform four Motoric Imagery (MI) tasks for two classes. The classification will be processed via a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) utilising all 22 electrodes based on 10-20 system placement. The EEG datasets will be transformed into scaleogram using Continuous Wavelet Transform (CWT) method.We evaluated two different types of image configuration, i.e. layered and stacked input datasets. Our procedure starts from denoising the EEG signals, employing Bump CWT from 8-32 Hz brain wave. Our CNN architecture is based on the Visual Geometry Group (VGG-16) network. Our results show that layered image dataset yields a high accuracy with an average of 68.33% for two classes classification.
Lyu, J, Ling, SH, Banerjee, S, Zheng, JJY, Lai, K-L, Yang, D, Zheng, Y-P & Su, S 1970, '3D Ultrasound Spine Image Selection Using Convolution Learning-to-Rank Algorithm', 2019 41st Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC), 2019 41st Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine & Biology Society (EMBC), IEEE, Berlin, GERMANY, pp. 4799-4802.
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© 2019 IEEE. 3D Ultrasound imaging has become an important means of scoliosis assessment as it is a real-time, cost-effective and radiation-free imaging technique. However, the coronal images from different depths of a 3D ultrasound image have different imaging definitions. So there is a need to select the coronal image that would give the best image definition. Also, manual selection of coronal images is time-consuming and limited to the discretion and capability of the assessor. Therefore, in this paper, we have developed a convolution learning-to-rank algorithm to select the best ultrasound images automatically using raw ultrasound images. The ranking is done based on the curve angle of the spinal cord. Firstly, we approached the image selection problem as a ranking problem; ranked based on probability of an image to be a good image. Here, we use the RankNet, a pairwise learning-to-rank method, to rank the images automatically. Secondly, we replaced the backbone of the RankNet, which is the traditional artificial neural network (ANN), with convolution neural network (CNN) to improve the feature extracting ability for the successive iterations. The experimental result shows that the proposed convolutional RankNet achieves the perfect accuracy of 100% while conventional DenseNet achieved 35% only. This proves that the convolutional RankNet is more suitable to highlight the best quality of ultrasound image from multiple mediocre ones.
Mac Aogáin, M, Kumar, JN, Lim, AYH, Low, TB, Ong, TH, Chew, FT, Oliver, B, Keir, HR, Koh, MS, Abisheganaden, JA, Tsaneva-Atanasova, K, Chalmers, JD & Chotirmall, SH 1970, ''Integrative Microbiomics' Through Similarity Network Fusion Identifies Clinically Relevant Bronchiectasis Phenotypes', D97. FUNGAL INFECTIONS: FROM BENCH TO BEDSIDE, American Thoracic Society 2019 International Conference, May 17-22, 2019 - Dallas, TX, American Thoracic Society.
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Mahdavi, F, Hayati, H, Kennedy, P & Eager, D 1970, 'Ageing and resulting injuries – effects on racing greyhounds', European Society of Biomechanics, European Society of Biomechanics, Vienna, Austria.
Mahdavi, F, Hayati, H, Kennedy, P & Eager, D 1970, 'Effects of the number of starts on greyhound racing dynamics', International Society of Biomechanics Conference, International Society of Biomechanics Conference, Calgary, Canada.
McCarthy, M, Lorenco, RDA, Gillam, L, McMillan, L, Sullivan, M & Downie, P 1970, 'Personalised Medicine in Paediatric Cancer Care: What Matters in Decision-Making?', PEDIATRIC BLOOD & CANCER, 51st Congress of the International Society of Paediatric Oncology, WILEY, Lyon, France, pp. S11-S12.
Mitchell, A, Mourad, B, Morgan, L, Oliver, B & Glanville, A 1970, 'DETERMINING THE IMPACT OF RESPIRATORY VIRUSES ON AT RISK PATIENT POPULATIONS', RESPIROLOGY, WILEY, pp. 22-22.
Mulhern, B, Norman, R, De Abreu Lourenco, R, Malley, J, Street, D & Viney, R 1970, 'Investigating the relative value of health and social care related quality of life using a discrete choice experiment', Social Science & Medicine, 38th Annual Australian Health Economics Society Conference, Elsevier BV, Perth, pp. 28-37.
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Naji, M, Al-Ani, A, Braytee, A, Anaissi, A & Kennedy, P 1970, 'Queue Formation Augmented with Particle Swarm Optimisation to Improve Waiting Time in Airport Security Screening', Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, Workshops of the 33rd International Conference on Advanced Information Networking and Applications, Springer International Publishing, Japan, pp. 923-935.
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© 2019, Springer Nature Switzerland AG. Airport security screening processes are essential to ensure the safety of both passengers and the aviation industry. Security at airports has improved noticeably in recent years through the utilisation of state-of-the-art technologies and highly trained security officers. However, maintaining a high level of security can be costly to operate and implement. It may also lead to delays for passengers and airlines. This paper proposes a novel queue formation method based on a queueing theory model augmented with a particle swarm optimisation method known as QQT-PSO to improve the average waiting time in airport security areas. Extensive experiments were conducted using real-world datasets collected from Sydney airport. Compared to the existing system, our method significantly reduces the average waiting time and operating cost by 11.89% compared to the one-queue formation.
Ngo, CQ, Chai, R, Nguyen, TV, Jones, TW & Nguyen, HT 1970, 'Nocturnal Hypoglycemia Detection using EEG Spectral Moments under Natural Occurrence Conditions', 2019 41st Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC), 2019 41st Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine & Biology Society (EMBC), IEEE, Berlin, Germany, pp. 7177-7180.
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This paper is concerned with a study of hypoglycemia under natural occurrence conditions at night time. Five adolescents with type 1 diabetes (T1D) participated in the experiments. Patients' blood glucose profiles were interpolated to estimate the intermediate values. The proposed system used spectral moments of electroencephalogram (EEG) signals from central and occipital areas as features for detecting hypoglycemia. We found that hypoglycemia could be detected non-invasively using EEG spectral moments. During hypoglycemic episodes, theta moments increased significantly (P<; 0.005) whereas beta moments decreased significantly (P<; 0.001). Based on the optimal network architecture associated with the highest log evidence, the proposed optimal Bayesian neural network resulted in a sensitivity of 82% and a specificity of 52%. In addition, the estimated blood glucose profiles showed a significant correlation (P<; 1e-6) with interpolated blood glucose values in the test set.
Ngo, CQ, Chai, R, Nguyen, TV, Jones, TW & Nguyen, HT 1970, 'Nocturnal Hypoglycemia Detection using Optimal Bayesian Algorithm in an EEG Spectral Moments Based System', 2019 41st Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC), 2019 41st Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine & Biology Society (EMBC), IEEE, Berlin, Germany, pp. 5439-5442.
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This paper presents a hypoglycemia detection system using electroencephalogram (EEG) spectral moments from 8 patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D) at night time. Four channels (C3, C4, O1, and O2) associated with glycemic episodes were analyzed. Spectral moments were applied to EEG signal and its corresponding speed and acceleration. During hypoglycemia, theta moments increased significantly (P<; 0.001) and alpha moments decreased significantly (P<; 0.001). The system used an optimal Bayesian neural network for detecting hypoglycemic episodes. Based on the optimal network architecture with the highest log evidence, the final classification results for the test set were 79% and 51% in sensitivity and specificity, respectively. Essentially, the estimated blood glucose profiles correlated significantly to actual values in the test set (P<; 0.0001). Using error grid analysis, 93% of the estimated values were clinically acceptable.
Nguyen, L & Miro, JV 1970, 'Acoustic Sensor Networks and Mobile Robotics for Sound Source Localization', 2019 IEEE 15th International Conference on Control and Automation (ICCA), 2019 IEEE 15th International Conference on Control and Automation (ICCA), IEEE, Edinburgh, UK, pp. 1453-1458.
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© 2019 IEEE. Localizing a sound source is a fundamental but still challenging issue in many applications, where sound information is gathered by static and local microphone sensors. Therefore, this work proposes a new system by exploiting advances in sensor networks and robotics to more accurately address the problem of sound source localization. By the use of the network infrastructure, acoustic sensors are more efficient to spatially monitor acoustical phenomena. Furthermore, a mobile robot is proposed to carry an extra microphone array in order to collect more acoustic signals when it travels around the environment. Driving the robot is guided by the need to increase the quality of the data gathered by the static acoustic sensors, which leads to better probabilistic fusion of all the information gained, so that an increasingly accurate map of the sound source can be built. The proposed system has been validated in a real-life environment, where the obtained results are highly promising.
Nguyen, L, Miro, JV & Qiu, X 1970, 'Can a Robot Hear the Shape and Dimensions of a Room?', IEEE International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems, IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems, IEEE, Macau, China, pp. 5346-5351.
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Knowing the geometry of a space is desirable for many applications, e.g.sound source localization, sound field reproduction or auralization. Incircumstances where only acoustic signals can be obtained, estimating thegeometry of a room is a challenging proposition. Existing methods have beenproposed to reconstruct a room from the room impulse responses (RIRs). However,the sound source and microphones must be deployed in a feasible region of theroom for it to work, which is impractical when the room is unknown. This workpropose to employ a robot equipped with a sound source and four acousticsensors, to follow a proposed path planning strategy to moves around the roomto collect first image sources for room geometry estimation. The strategy caneffectively drives the robot from a random initial location through the room sothat the room geometry is guaranteed to be revealed. Effectiveness of theproposed approach is extensively validated in a synthetic environment, wherethe results obtained are highly promising.
Nguyen, L, Miro, JV, Shi, L & Vidal-Calleja, T 1970, 'Gaussian Mixture Marginal Distributions for Modelling Remaining Pipe Wall Thickness of Critical Water Mains in Non-Destructive Evaluation', 2019 IEEE International Conference on Cybernetics and Intelligent Systems (CIS) and IEEE Conference on Robotics, Automation and Mechatronics (RAM), IEEE International Conference on Cybernetics and Intelligent Systems, and Robotics, Automation and Mechatronics, IEEE, Bangkok, Thailand.
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Rapidly estimating the remaining wall thickness (RWT) is paramount for thenon-destructive condition assessment evaluation of large critical metallicpipelines. A robotic vehicle with embedded magnetism-based sensors has beendeveloped to traverse the inside of a pipeline and conduct inspections at thelocation of a break. However its sensing speed is constrained by the magneticprinciple of operation, thus slowing down the overall operation in seekingdense RWT mapping. To ameliorate this drawback, this work proposes the partialscanning of the pipe and then employing Gaussian Processes (GPs) to infer RWTat the unseen pipe sections. Since GP prediction assumes to have normallydistributed input data - which does correspond with real RWT measurements -Gaussian mixture (GM) models are proven in this work as fitting marginaldistributions to effectively capture the probability of any RWT value in theinspected data. The effectiveness of the proposed approach is extensivelyvalidated from real-world data collected in collaboration with a water utilityfrom a cast iron water main pipeline in Sydney, Australia.
Nguyen, TV, Tran, TS, Center, JR & Eisman, JA 1970, 'Small individual-level increase in bone mineral density translated into substantial population-level decrease in fracture incidence: revisiting Goeffrey Rose's axiom', JOURNAL OF BONE AND MINERAL RESEARCH, Annual Meeting of the American-Society-for-Bone-and Mineral Research, WILEY, Orlando, FL, pp. 250-250.
Pham, M, Hoang, DB & Chaczko, Z 1970, 'Realization of congestion-aware energy-aware virtual link embedding', 2019 29th International Telecommunication Networks and Applications Conference (ITNAC), 2019 29th International Telecommunication Networks and Applications Conference (ITNAC), IEEE, Auckland, New Zealand.
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Network virtualization is an inherent component of future internets. Network resources are virtualized and provisioned to users on demand. The virtual network embedding entails two processes: node mapping and link mapping. However, efficient and practical solutions to the link mapping problem in software-defined networks (SDN) and data centers are still lacking. This paper proposes a solution to the link mapping (LiM) process that can dynamically interact with the routing protocols of the substrate network to allocate virtual link requests to the underlying substrate links, satisfies optimizing cost, minimizing energy consumption, and avoiding congestion (CEVNE) concurrently. CEVNE LiM is realized as a composite application on top of the SDN controller running the Segment Routing (SR) application. The performance of the CEVNE LiM algorithm is compared with the k-shortest path link mapping algorithm and shows its superior performance in terms of the overall runtime, the average path length, the average node stress, the average link stress, and the overall energy consumption.
Phillips, J 1970, 'Older cancer patients: The evolution of geriatric oncology and palliative care', ASIA-PACIFIC JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ONCOLOGY, WILEY, pp. 95-96.
Rao, A, DiGiacomo, M, Newton, PJ, Phillips, JL & Hickman, LD 1970, 'Meditation and Secondary Prevention of Depression and Anxiety in Heart Disease: a Systematic Review', Mindfulness, Australian Cardiac Rehabilitation Association Conference, Adelaide.
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Heart disease is the leading cause of global mortality, accounting for 13.7 million deaths annually. Optimising depression and anxiety symptoms in adults with heart disease is an international priority. Heart disease secondary prevention is best achieved through implementation of sustainable pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions, including meditation. Meditation is a means of generating self-awareness and has implications for enhanced self-management of depression and anxiety symptoms. This review aims to identify high-level quantitative evidence for meditation interventions designed to improve depression and/or anxiety symptoms among adults with heart disease and ascertain the most important elements of meditation interventions that facilitate positive depression and/or anxiety outcomes. This systematic review and narrative synthesis was completed in accordance with the PRISMA Statement and has adhered to the Cochrane Risk of Bias guideline. Six databases were searched between 1975 and 2017. Statistically significant outcomes were demonstrated in over half (5/9) of phase II meditation studies for depression and/or anxiety and involved 477 participants. Meditation interventions that generated positive outcomes for depression and/or anxiety included elements such as focused attention to body parts (or body scan) (3/4 studies) and/or group meetings (4/5 studies). Meditation is a means of reframing heart disease outpatient services towards an integrated model of care. Future adequately powered phase III studies are needed to confirm which meditation elements are associated with reductions in depression and anxiety; and the differential effects between concentrative and mindfulness-based meditation types among adults with heart disease.
Rao, A, DiGiacomo, M, Phillips, J & Hickman, L 1970, 'Health professional perspectives of the organisational barriers and facilitators to implementing meditation in heart disease clinical settings', Australian Cardiac Rehabilitation Association, Kirribilli, NSW.
Rao, A, Zecchin, R, Newton, P, Phillips, J, DiGiacomo, M, Denniss, A & Hickman, L 1970, 'The Prevalence of Anxiety and Depression in a Cardiac Rehabilitation Population and its Impact on Adherence: A Cohort Study', Heart, Lung and Circulation, Australian Cardiac Rehabilitation Association, Elsevier BV, Kirribilli, NSW, pp. S375-S375.
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Reddy, K, Zakarya, R & Oliver, BG 1970, 'Epigenetic-like regulation of signalling proteins in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease', Airway cell biology and immunopathology, ERS International Congress 2019 abstracts, European Respiratory Society, Madrid, SPAIN.
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Rezaeian, M, Butlin, M, Golzan, SM, Graham, SL & Avolio, AP 1970, 'A novel method for retinal vessel segmentation and diameter measurement using high speed video', 2019 41st Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC), 2019 41st Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine & Biology Society (EMBC), IEEE, Berlin, Germany, pp. 2781-2784.
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Studying dynamic characteristics of retinal vessels, as opposed to static measures, may provide additional insight into pathophysiological changes associated with local and systemic abnormalities such as glaucoma and hypertension. Various approaches have been developed to derive static biomarkers from retinal still images, but not many for dynamic analysis of video sequences. This study presents a novel method for the assessment of time-dependent diameter changes in high-speed videos (125 fps) from the rat retina. The proposed method is composed of a vessel segmentation and a diameter measurement module. The specificity and sensitivity of the segmentation method over 25 images were 95.1% and 97.3% respectively. The mean and standard deviation of the diameter measurement errors were -0.147±0.41 pixels over 100 measurements.
Shariflou, S, Agar, A, Rose, KA & Golzan, M 1970, 'The accuracy of spontaneous venous pulsation assessment in discriminating glaucoma from glaucoma suspects', INVESTIGATIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY & VISUAL SCIENCE, Annual Meeting of the Association-for-Research-in-Vision-and-Ophthalmology (ARVO), ASSOC RESEARCH VISION OPHTHALMOLOGY INC, CANADA, Vancouver.
Si, L, Eisman, JA, Winzenberg, T, Sanders, KM, Center, JR, Nguyen, TV, Chen, M & Palmer, AJ 1970, 'RESIDUAL LIFETIME FRACTURE RISKS AND YEARS OF LIFE LOSS DUE TO OSTEOPOROSIS IN THE AUSTRALIAN POPULATION: AN APPLICATION OF AN OS'T'EOPOROSIS HEALTH ECONOMIC MODEL', OSTEOPOROSIS INTERNATIONAL, World Congress on Osteoporosis, Osteoarthritis and Musculoskeletal Diseases (WCO-IOF-ESCEO), SPRINGER LONDON LTD, Paris, FRANCE, pp. S306-S307.
Thng, KX, Mac Aogáin, M, Ali, NABM, Hui, AGY, Hou, ALY, Low, TB, Ong, TH, Oliver, B, Koh, MS, Abisheganaden, J, Chalmers, JD & Chotirmall, SH 1970, 'Viral prevalence in stable bronchiectasis: analysis of the Cohort of Asian and Matched European Bronchiectasis (CAMEB)', Respiratory infections, ERS International Congress 2019 abstracts, European Respiratory Society.
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Thompson, C, Berthon, B, Scott, H, Gibson, P, Young, P, Oliver, B & Wood, L 1970, 'MACRONUTRIENT EFFECTS ON BRONCHODILATOR RESPONSIVENESS IN OBESE ASTHMA', RESPIROLOGY, WILEY, pp. 61-61.
Tran, TS, Bliuc, D, Hansen, L, Abrahamsen, B, van den Bergh, J, Eisman, JA, van Geel, T, Geusens, P, Vestergaard, P, Nguyen, TV & Center, JR 1970, 'Multimorbidity and long-term mortality following a specific fragility fracture: Latent class analysis of a nationwide population-based cohort', JOURNAL OF BONE AND MINERAL RESEARCH, Annual Meeting of the American-Society-for-Bone-and Mineral Research, WILEY, Orlando, FL, pp. 385-386.
Tran, TS, Bliuc, D, O'Donoghue, S, Hansen, L, Abrahamsen, B, van den Bergh, J, van Geel, T, Geusens, P, Vestergaard, P, Nguyen, TV & Center, JR 1970, 'Trajectories to subsequent admissions and mortality following a specific fragility fracture: A nationwide population-based follow-up study', JOURNAL OF BONE AND MINERAL RESEARCH, Annual Meeting of the American-Society-for-Bone-and Mineral Research, WILEY, Orlando, FL, pp. 386-386.
van Reyk, D, Oliver, B, Capistrano, S, Komalla, V, Haghi, M & Zosky, G 1970, 'Pro-inflammatory effects of exposure of the combination of silicon- and iron-containing particles upon human lung fibroblasts', Airway cell biology and immunopathology, ERS International Congress 2019 abstracts, European Respiratory Society, Madrid, SPAIN.
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Vranken, L, Wyers, CE, Van der Velde, RY, De Bruin, IJA, Van den Bergh, JPW, Janzing, HMJ, Kaarsemakers, S, Eisman, JA, Center, JR, Nguyen, TV, Bliuc, D, Tran, T & Geusens, PPMM 1970, 'The imminent subsequent fracture risk in patients with a recent fracture at the FLS is mainly associated with falls - a 3 year prospective cohort study.', JOURNAL OF BONE AND MINERAL RESEARCH, Annual Meeting of the American-Society-for-Bone-and Mineral Research, WILEY, Orlando, FL, pp. 181-182.
Wadhwa, R, Paudel, KR, Nee, TX, Xin Lau, NJ, Zeeshan, F, Madheswaran, T, Panneerselvam, J, Reddy, K, Hsu, A, Oliver, B, Hansbro, P, Chellappan, DK & Dua, K 1970, 'Preparation, characterisation and biological applications of Rutin loaded liquid crystalline nanoparticles in targeting airway diseases', Sydney New Horizons-2019, Sydney New Horizons-2019.
Wang, B, Hui, C, Zhou, S, Saad, S, Chan, YL & Oliver, BGG 1970, 'L-Carnitine mitigates impact of maternal smoking on lung health in mice offspring', Allergy and immunology, ERS International Congress 2019 abstracts, European Respiratory Society.
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Warkiani, ME 1970, 'Label-free Cell Sorting Using Inertial Microfluidics', 2019 13TH IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON NANO/MOLECULAR MEDICINE & ENGINEERING (IEEE-NANOMED 2019), 13th IEEE International Conference on Nano/Molecular Medicine and Engineering (IEEE NANOMED), IEEE, SOUTH KOREA, Gwangju, pp. 52-53.
Warkiani, ME, Moloudi, R, Oh, S & Naing, MW 1970, 'Inertial-based Microcarrier-cell retention in bioprocessing', Cytotherapy, Elsevier BV, Australia, pp. e4-e5.
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Watson, K, Lewis, J & Parker, D 1970, 'A career in aged care: mapping final-year nursing perspectives', Australian Association of Gerontology, Sydney.
Watterson, P, Gorrie, C & Herok, G 1970, 'Invited Faculty Abstracts from the International Neuromodulation Society’s 14th World Congress', Neuromodulation: Technology at the Neural Interface, International Neuromodulation Society 14th World Congress, Elsevier BV, Sydney, Australia, pp. e296-e584.
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White, K, De Abreu Lourenco, R, Kenny, P, Lehane, L & King, T 1970, 'Understanding the financial impact of cancer: Examining the ‘COST’ Measure in the Australian context.', Clinical Lymphoma Myeloma and Leukemia, Elsevier BV, pp. e340-e340.
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Zakarya, R, Chen, H, Brandsma, C-AA, Adcock, IM & Oliver, BGG 1970, 'Small Airway Fibrosis in COPD Is Mediated by Histone Acetylation', C108. COPD: PHENOTYPE, MECHANISM, AND TREATMENT, American Thoracic Society 2019 International Conference, May 17-22, 2019 - Dallas, TX, American Thoracic Society, Dallas, TX.
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Zhang, M, Li, H & Su, S 1970, 'High Dimensional Bayesian Optimization via Supervised Dimension Reduction', Proceedings of the Twenty-Eighth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence, Twenty-Eighth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence {IJCAI-19}, International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization, Macao, China, pp. 4292-4298.
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Zhang, X, Zhang, X, Verma, S, Liu, Y, Blumenstein, M & Li, J 1970, 'Detection of Anomalous Traffic Patterns and Insight Analysis from Bus Trajectory Data', PRICAI 2019: Trends in Artificial Intelligence, The 16th Pacific Rim International Conference on Artificial Intelligence, Springer International Publishing, Cuvu, Fiji, pp. 307-321.
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Zhang, Y, Yao, D, Tie, Y, Wang, Y, Zhang, X, Cui, Y, Hao, J, Wu, X, Su, S & Xu, P 1970, 'Identification of Neuromuscular Causal Relationship Between Brain and Muscles in Limb Movement by Using Ensemble Empirical Mode Decomposition based Causal Decomposition', 2019 41st Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC), 2019 41st Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine & Biology Society (EMBC), IEEE, Berlin, Germany, pp. 2667-2670.
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This paper proposes the potential extension of Ensemble Empirical Mode Decomposition based Causal Decomposition (EEMD-CD) to the physiological system. The neural basis of Volitional Motor Control (VMC), resulting in skilled motor behaviors through a connected interaction between limb biomechanical properties and Central Neural System (CNS), has been well documented. Specifically, the Primary Motor Cortex (M1) contributes volitional and goal-directed limb movements in terms of motor planning and motor behavior. The actual applications of causality detection approaches were still dominated by the prediction concept, i.e., Granger Causality (GC). This study concerns clearly some of components of M1 regulating motor properties of upper limbs, and holds the neuroscience finding from which the bi-directional causal interaction in brain and muscles has been concluded. The study performs an experiment by which Electromyography (EMG) of limb muscles and Electroencephalography (EEG) across from prefrontal cortex to M1, were synchronously acquired during wrist extensions. It also provides a valid example of how the casuality can be approached by EEMD-CD and offers a first step in the identification of casual relationship in mutual physiological systems.
Reports
Foley, C, Hergesell, A, Almond, B & Darcy, S University of Technology Sydney 2019, ActivateUTS sport and social clubs: Empowering students to grow, contribute and make a difference, Sydney.
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This report presents thefindings of a study that investigated the relationship between student involvement inextracurricular activities facilitated by ActivateUTS and the development of graduateattributes.
Other
Darcy, S, Porto, N, Ruccia, AC, Garberoc, N & Almond, B 2019, 'Critical elements in accessible tourism for destination competitiveness & comparison: Principal component analysis from Oceania & South America'.
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This research sought to construct an exploratory nationally comparative tourism accessibility measure (TAI) through developing an objective set of metrics in the spirit and intent of the international treaties and missions regarding the rights of persons with disabilities.
Impellizzeri, FM, Wookcock, S, McCall, A, Ward, P & Coutts, AJ 2019, 'The acute-chronic workload ratio-injury figure and its ‘sweet spot’ are flawed', Center for Open Science.
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Kaasalainen, S, Sussman, T, Thompson, G, McCleary, L, Hunter, P, Venturato, L, Wickson-Griffiths, A, Ploeg, J, Parker, D, Sinclair, S, Haas, VD-B, Earl, M & You, J 2019, 'A Pilot Evaluation of the Strengthening a Palliative Approach in Long-Term Care (SPA-LTC) Program', Research Square Platform LLC.
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Kaasalainen, S, Sussman, T, Thompson, G, McCleary, L, Hunter, P, Wickson-Griffiths, A, Venturato, L, Ploeg, J, Parker, D, Sinclair, S, Haas, VD-B, Earl, M & You, J 2019, 'Evaluation of a Program Based on the Strengthening a Palliative Approach in Long-Term Care (SPA-LTC) Model', Research Square Platform LLC.
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Miller, R, Iancu, C, Babineau, J & Newton-John, T 2019, 'Are residential rehabilitation clients representative of Australians who engage in problematic Alcohol and Other Drug use?'.
Wang, B, Chan, YL, Zhou, S, Saad, S, Chen, H & Oliver, BG 2019, 'Offspring sex affects the susceptibility to maternal smoking-induced lung inflammation and the effect of maternal antioxidant supplementation in mice', Research Square Platform LLC.
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UTS acknowledges the Gadigal people of the Eora Nation, the Boorooberongal people of the Dharug Nation, the Bidiagal people and the Gamaygal people, upon whose ancestral lands our university stands. We would also like to pay respect to the Elders both past and present, acknowledging them as the traditional custodians of knowledge for these lands.