BISHOP, R, CRAIG, DC, DANCE, IG, SCUDDER, ML & UNG, AT 1994, 'HELICAL TUBULAND DIOL PHENOL CO-CRYSTALS', MOLECULAR CRYSTALS AND LIQUID CRYSTALS SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY SECTION A-MOLECULAR CRYSTALS AND LIQUID CRYSTALS, vol. 240, pp. 113-119.
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Cheung, HTA, Fu, SL & Smal, MA 1994, 'Inhibition of platelet aggregation by diterpene acids from Pinus massoniana resin', Arzneimittel-Forschung/Drug Research, vol. 44, no. 1, pp. 17-25.
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The acidic fraction of the resin of Pinus massoniana Lamb. from China was converted to the p-nitrophenyl esters, and the esters separated by chromatography. The separated p-nitrophenyl esters were individually hydrolysed by potassium hydroxide in acetone-water at room temperature to 8 diterpene acids of the pimarane and abietane groups: pimaric acid (8(14),15-pimaradien-18-oic acid) (1), levopimaric acid (8(14),12-abietadien-18-oic acid (2), palustric acid (8,13-abietadien-18-oic acid) (3), neoabietic acid (8(14),13(15)-abietadien-18-oic acid) (4), abietic acid (7,13-abietadien-18-oic acid) (5), dehydroabietic acid (8,11,13-abietatrien-18-oic acid) (6), 7-oxodehydroabietic acid (7-oxo-8,11,13-abietatrien-18-oic acid) (7) and 7α-hydroxydehydroabietic acid (7α-hydroxy-8,11,13-abietatrien-18-oic acid) (8). The structure (and stereochemistry) of the diterpene acids were substantiated by nulear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (proton and carbon-13, one and two dimensional), by mass spectrometry (electron impact and methane chemical ionization) and by rotation measurements. The 8 diterpene acids were tested for their ability to inhibit the aggregation of washed rabbit platelets induced by platelet activating factor (PAF), adenosine diphosphate (ADP) and by calcium ionophore A23187. With platelet aggregation induced by the latter two agonists, activities comparable with or higher than linolenic acid were given by the first 4 acids. With aggregation induced by PAF, the first 3 acids show activity, but at a level significantly lower than that of linolenic acid. Levopimaric acid has the highest activity among the diterpene acids tested. It is proposed that this activity is related to the folded shape of the molecule.
CHEUNG, HTA, FU, SL & SMAL, MA 1994, 'INHIBITION OF PLATELET-AGGREGATION BY DITERPENE ACIDS PINUS-MASSONIANA RESIN', ARZNEIMITTEL-FORSCHUNG/DRUG RESEARCH, vol. 44-1, no. 1, pp. 17-25.
CORTIE, M 1994, 'EFFECT OF TEMPERATURE ON THE RESISTANCE TO TEARING OF TYPE 430 STAINLESS-STEEL SHEET', ISIJ INTERNATIONAL, vol. 34, no. 5, pp. 443-450.
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The effect of temperature and specimen orientation on the tearing of type 430 stainless-steel sheet was examined. Tests were conducted at temperatures between -50 and +150-degrees-C (223 to 423 K) on compact tension and conventional tensile specimens man
Holzapfel, CW & Williams, DBG 1994, 'Heck Reactions of Some Cyclic Enol Ethers: Intramolecular Trapping of Migratory Palladium', Synthetic Communications, vol. 24, no. 15, pp. 2139-2146.
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IORIO, L, CORTIE, M & JONES, R 1994, 'TECHNICAL NOTE - SOLUBILITY OF NITROGEN IN EXPERIMENTAL LOW-NICKEL AUSTENITIC STAINLESS-STEELS', JOURNAL OF THE SOUTH AFRICAN INSTITUTE OF MINING AND METALLURGY, vol. 94, no. 7, pp. 173-177.
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The amount of nitrogen contained in an austenitic stainless steel affects its properties significantly. The maximum content of nitrogen feasible in a range of experimental low-nickel austenitic stainless steels containing significant additions of copper
MOON, AR & PHILLIPS, MR 1994, 'DEFECT CLUSTERING AND COLOR IN FE,TI-ALPHA-AL2O3', JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CERAMIC SOCIETY, vol. 77, no. 2, pp. 356-367.
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A comprehensive theory is presented which successfully explains the polarization, isothermal, and isochronal behavior of the optical absorption bands responsible for the color in blue and blue-green sapphire (Fe,Ti alpha-Al2O3). The experimental study on
Nana, S, Cortie, M, Paton, R & Enright, D 1994, 'Environmentally assisted cracking of martensitic stainless steels in goldmining environments', British Corrosion Journal, vol. 29, no. 4, pp. 271-274.
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The environmentally assisted cracking of martensitic stainless steels in gold mine environments has been investigated. The experimental work was focused on the possibility of cracking in type 431 stainless steel and in an experimental material similar to type 420. Four types of mine water were studied, ranging from neutral to acidic, with various chloride contents. Stagnant, anaerobic conditions in two of the waters were simulated in the laboratory by the addition of 25 ppm sulphide ions. Specimen geometries examined included C ring specimens, compact tension specimens, and tensile specimens (type 431); and a notched tension specimen (experimental alloy). C ring specimens of type 431 were inserted into flow loops at two gold mines. Cracking under aerated or flowing conditions at the mines was slow or absent. However, all the alloys examined were susceptible to cracking under the stagnant conditions simulated in the laboratory. © 1994 Maney Publishing.
UNG, AT, BISHOP, R, CRAIG, DC, DANCE, IG & SCUDDER, ML 1994, 'FORMATION AND STRUCTURE OF A NEW FAMILY OF ORGANIC COCRYSTALS', CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS, vol. 6, no. 8, pp. 1269-1281.
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Yimin Guo, Jian-Gang Zhu & Liao, SH 1994, 'Study of SAL-biased MR heads with patterned permanent magnet bias', IEEE Transactions on Magnetics, vol. 30, no. 6, pp. 3861-3863.
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