Albrecht, LC, Roberts, A, Benrimoj, SI, Williams, K, Chen, TF & Aslani, P 2006, 'Cognitive Pharmaceutical Services: Financial Facilitators', Australian Pharmacist, vol. 25, no. 10, pp. 809-816.
Berle, D & Phillips, ES 2006, 'Disgust and Obsessive–Compulsive Disorder: An Update', Psychiatry: Interpersonal and Biological Processes, vol. 69, no. 3, pp. 228-238.
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Berle, D, Blaszczynski, A, Einstein, DA & Menzies, RG 2006, 'Thought–Action Fusion in Schizophrenia: A Preliminary Investigation', Behaviour Change, vol. 23, no. 4, pp. 260-269.
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AbstractThought–action fusion (TAF), a belief that one's thoughts can either increase the likelihood of a given event or imply the immorality of one's character, is associated with a range of disorders, but has not yet been investigated in relation to psychosis. We sought to determine whether TAF beliefs are endorsed by individuals with chronic schizophrenia. Twenty-seven adults with chronic schizophrenia completed self-report measures of TAF, magical ideation, delusional beliefs and obsessive–compulsive symptoms. Scores were compared with a gendermatched nonclinical group (n = 27) and associations between self-report measures were investigated for the chronic schizophrenia sample. TAF Likelihood–Others, magical ideation and obsessive–compulsive symptoms were endorsed to a greater extent by those with chronic schizophrenia than by controls. The participants with chronic schizophrenia however, did not generally endorse TAF statements at level greater than ‘neutral’. TAF Moral, magical ideation and obsessive– compulsive symptoms were associated with scores on the delusional beliefs measure. We conclude that TAF beliefs may not especially characterise the thinking styles of those with schizophrenia. These findings await replication using a larger sample.
Block, S, Onslow, M, Packman, A & Dacakis, G 2006, 'Connecting stuttering management and measurement: IV. Predictors of outcome for a behavioural treatment for stuttering', International Journal of Language & Communication Disorders, vol. 41, no. 4, pp. 395-406.
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AbstractBackground: Clinical trials have shown that behavioural treatments based on variants of prolonged‐speech (PS) are best practice for reducing the stuttering rate in adults. However, while stuttering is significantly reduced or eliminated for most adults in the short‐term with such treatment, relapse in the longer‐term is common. Consequently, there has been interest in attempting to establish variables that predict responsiveness to PS‐based treatments. Identifying such variables would enable risk prediction and also contribute to the tailoring of treatments to suit individuals who are less likely to benefit in the long‐term from the conventional PS‐based treatments. Variables that have been investigated to date are the stuttering severity, the attitude to communication and the locus of control.Aims: The present study revisited this issue with methodological improvements.Methods & Procedures: Prospective, continuous measures of outcome several years after treatment, and well‐powered, least‐squares multivariate regression, with backwards elimination, were used to determine the best model to predict short‐ and long‐term outcomes of a PS‐based treatment. Other predictor variables were also included. The stuttering rates of 78 participants were measured immediately after the intensive stage of treatment, and during a surprize telephone call 3.5–5 years after treatment.Outcomes & Results: Attitude to communication and locus of control were separate constructs to stuttering rate. While the stuttering rate predicted outcome, neither of the two non‐behavioural variables predicted outcome in either the short‐ or the long‐term.Conclusions: The most significant finding is that the non‐behavioural variables of attitude...
Chan, CCK, Hodge, C & Lawless, M 2006, 'Calculation of intraocular lens power after corneal refractive surgery', Clinical & Experimental Ophthalmology, vol. 34, no. 7, pp. 640-644.
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AbstractPurpose: Underestimation of required intraocular lens (IOL) power with resultant hyperopia is common in post‐corneal refractive surgery eyes. A number of methods to minimize error have been proposed but most studies have been small and theoretical.Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 34 eyes that had undergone routine phacoemulsification and IOL implantation after photorefractive keratectomy or laser in situ keratomileusis. Sixteen eyes were included in the final analysis. Using known pre‐ and postoperative data, four methods were used to obtain keratometric values combined with three common IOL formulae (Holladay 2, SRK/T and Hoffer Q) and Koch’s published Double‐K nomogram. The Double‐K method was also used in conjunction with the Holladay 2 formula. Target refractions were calculated and then compared to actual postoperative results.Results: The Clinical History method at the spectacle plane produced the lowest mean K‐values. Shammas adjustment formula combined with the Holladay 2 and Hoffer Q produced results closest to emmetropia. The Double‐K methods produced the least number of hyperopic results. Overall, all methods would have resulted in unacceptably high rates of hyperopia and deviation from target refraction.Conclusions: No method produces acceptably consistent results because modern IOL formulae were designed for presurgical eyes. Accuracy will only be improved when new IOL formulae based on the anatomy of postrefractive eyes become available. Shammas adjustment formula and regression formulae are viable alternatives especially when there is a lack of preoperative data. The Double‐K methods are best suited to avoiding a hyperopic surprise.
Clarke, CE, Hill, AP, Zhao, J, Kondo, M, Subbiah, RN, Campbell, TJ & Vandenberg, JI 2006, 'Effect of S5P α‐helix charge mutants on inactivation of hERG K+ channels', The Journal of Physiology, vol. 573, no. 2, pp. 291-304.
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The ether‐à‐go‐go (EAG) family of voltage‐gated K+ channels contains three subfamilies, EAG, ether‐à‐go‐go related (ERG) and ether‐à‐go‐go like (ELK). The human ether‐à‐go‐go related gene (hERG) K+ channel has been of significant interest because loss of function in the hERG channel is associated with a markedly increased risk of cardiac arrhythmias. The hERG channel has unusual kinetics with slow activation and deactivation but very rapid and voltage‐dependent inactivation. The outer pore region of the hERG K+ channel is predicted to be different from that of other members of the voltage‐gated K+ channel family. HERG has a much longer linker between the fifth transmembrane domain (SS) and the pore helix (S5P linker) compared to other families of voltage‐gated K+ channels (43 amino acids compared to 14–23 amino acids). Further, the S5P linker contains an amphipathic α‐helix that in hERG channels probably interacts with the mouth of the pore to modulate inactivation. The human EAG and rat ELK2 channels (hEAG and rELK2) show reduced or no inactivation in comparison to hERG channels, yet both channels are predicted to contain a similarly long S5P linker to that of hERG. In this study, we have constructed a series of chimaeric channels consisting of the S1–S6 of hERG but with the S5P α‐helical region of either hEAG or rELK2, and one consisting of the S1–S6 of rELK2 but with the S5P α‐helical region of hERG to investigate the role of the S5P linker in inactivation. Our studies show that charged residues on the α‐helix of the S5P linker contribute significantly to the differences in inactivation characteristics of the EAG family channels. Further, individually mutating each of the hydrophilic residues on the S5P α‐helix of hERG to a charged residue had significant effects on the voltage dependence of inactivation and the two residues with the great...
Damen, L, Bruijn, J, Koes, BW, Berger, MY, Passchier, J & Verhagen, AP 2006, 'Prophylactic Treatment of Migraine in Children. Part 1. A Systematic Review of non-Pharmacological Trials∗', Cephalalgia, vol. 26, no. 4, pp. 373-383.
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The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of non-pharmacological prophylactic treatments of migraine in children. Databases were searched from inception to June 2004 and references were checked. We selected controlled trials reporting the effects of non-pharmacological prophylactic treatments in children with migraine. We assessed trial quality using the Delphi list and extracted data. Analyses were carried out according to type of intervention. A total of 19 trials were included. Relaxation, relaxation + biofeedback, relaxation + biofeedback + cognitive behavioural treatment were more effective compared with waiting list controls. Relaxation + behavioural therapy was more effective than placebo. There is conflicting evidence for the use of oligoantigenic diets. A few non-pharmacological treatments such as relaxation may be effective as prophylactic treatment for migraine in children. Because of the small number of studies and the methodological shortcomings, conclusions on effectiveness have to be drawn with caution.
Damen, L, Bruijn, J, Verhagen, AP, Berger, MY, Passchier, J & Koes, BW 2006, 'Prophylactic Treatment of Migraine in Children. Part 2. A Systematic Review of Pharmacological Trials∗', Cephalalgia, vol. 26, no. 5, pp. 497-505.
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The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of pharmacological prophylactic treatments of migraine in children. Databases were searched from inception to June 2004 and references were checked. We selected controlled trials on the effects of pharmacological prophylactic treatments in children with migraine. We assessed trial quality using the Delphi list and extracted data. Analyses were carried out according to type of intervention. A total of 20 trials were included. Headache improvement was significantly higher for flunarizine compared with placebo (relative risk 4.00, 95% confidence interval 1.60, 9.97). There is conflicting evidence for the use of propranolol. Nimodipine, clonidine, L-5HTP, trazodone and papaverine showed no effect when compared with placebo. All medications were well tolerated and adverse events showed no significant differences. Flunarizine may be effective as prophylactic treatment for migraine in children. Because of the small number of studies and the methodological shortcomings, conclusions regarding effectiveness have to be drawn with caution.
Eickhoff, C & Schulz, M 2006, 'Pharmaceutical Care in Community Pharmacies: Practice and Research in Germany', Annals of Pharmacotherapy, vol. 40, no. 4, pp. 729-735.
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Objective: To discuss the provision of pharmaceutical care in community pharmacies in Germany including community pharmacy, organization and delivery of health services, pharmacy education, community pharmacy services, research in community pharmacy, and future plans for community pharmacy services. Findings: In Germany, cognitive pharmaceutical services have been developed for more than 12 years. Several studies and programs have shown that pharmaceutical care and other pharmaceutical services are feasible in community pharmacy practice and that patients benefit from these services. In 2003, a nationwide contract was established between representatives of the community pharmacy owners and the largest German health insurance fund. In this so-called family pharmacy contract, remuneration of pharmacists for provision of pharmaceutical care services was successfully negotiated for the first time. In 2004, a trilateral integrated care contract was signed that additionally included general practitioners, combining the family pharmacy with the family physician. Within a few months, the vast majority (>17 000) of community pharmacies have registered to participate in this program. Conclusions: German community pharmacies are moving from the image of mainly supplying drugs toward the provision of cognitive pharmaceutical services.
Einstein, DA & Menzies, RG 2006, 'Magical Thinking in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder, Panic Disorder and the General Community', Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy, vol. 34, no. 3, pp. 351-357.
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Magical Ideation was examined in 71 individuals across four groups matched, where possible, for gender and age. These groups were: (1) Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD) patients with cleaning compulsions (n = 11); (2) OCD patients with checking compulsions (n = 20); (3) panic disorder patients with minimal obsessive compulsive symptoms (n = 19); (4) a “normal” control group with minimal obsessive compulsive symptoms (n = 21). The Magical Ideation Scale (MI, Eckblad and Chapman, 1983), the Obsessive Compulsive Inventory- Short Version (OCI-SV; Foa et al., 2002) and the Maudsley Obsessional-Compulsive Inventory (MOCI, Hodgson and Rachman, 1977) were administered to all participants. A one-way Anova was conducted with four planned contrasts. As expected, the OCD groups obtained magical ideation scores higher than the normal subjects. This suggests that OCD patients engage in more magical thinking tendencies than non-anxious controls. Similarly, OCD participants obtained a mean magical ideation score significantly higher than the panic disorder group, suggesting that obsessional compulsive patients are more likely to exhibit magical thinking than individuals with panic disorder. Of note, panic disorder and control group means on MI did not differ significantly. Finally, individuals with obsessive cleaning compulsions displayed higher levels of magical thinking compared to individuals with obsessive checking compulsions, despite no difference in severity of their obsessive compulsive symptoms. This observation was counter to previous findings (Einstein and Menzies, 2004a; Einstein and Menzies, 2004b).
Govender, S, Drummond, LM & Menzies, RG 2006, 'Danger Ideation Reduction Therapy for the Treatment of Severe, Chronic and Resistant Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder', Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy, vol. 34, no. 04, pp. 477-477.
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We describe the first application of Danger Ideation Reduction Therapy (DIRT) in the UK. It is a novel approach developed in Australia, for treatment resistant obsessive compulsive disorder with contamination fears. The DIRT program was administered to an inpatient at Springfield Hospital, South London, with severe, treatment resistant obsessive compulsive disorder. Treatment consisted of weekly one hour therapy sessions for 14 weeks. A reduction in symptom severity measured on all scales undertaken was seen by the end of treatment. The Padua Inventory had shown an 85% reduction; Activity checklist an 86% reduction; Y-BOCS an overall 41% reduction and a 33% reduction on the Beck Depression Inventory. The DIRT approach has demonstrated an impressive and consistent improvement, maintained to 6 months post-treatment. More studies are needed to evaluate this treatment further. © 2006 British Association for Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapies.
Hewat, S, Hewat, S, Onslow, M, Packman, A & O'BriAn, S 2006, 'A phase II clinical trial of self-imposed time-out treatment for stuttering in adults and adolescents', Disability and Rehabilitation, vol. 28, no. 1, pp. 33-42.
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Purpose. This study reports the development and clinical trial of a new treatment program for persistent developmental stuttering in adolescents and adults. The treatment is based on the operant procedure of self-imposed time-out. This involves the person stopping speaking for a short period after each stutter. Method. Twenty-two participants completed Stage 1 (Instatement and Generalisation) of the program and 18 completed Stage 2 (Maintenance) of the program. Stuttering outcome was measured from independent audio and video recordings made outside and inside the clinic, before and after treatment. Speech naturalness was measured at the end of Stage 1. Secondary analyses were conducted to investigate whether responsiveness to the program was related to stuttering severity or age. Participants completed an extensive self-report inventory at the end of treatment. Results. There was a range of responsiveness to the treatment, with more than half the participants reducing their stuttering by more than 50%. Participants with more severe types of stuttering appeared to respond better but no other predictors of responsiveness were identified. Speech sounded reasonably natural after treatment. Participants' perceptions of the treatment were for the most part positive with the majority reporting that the treatment was easier to use and more effective than treatment based on prolonged-speech. Conclusions. The self-imposed time-out treatment program reported here is clearly effective for a significant number of adolescents and adults who stutter. Given that it does not require speech restructuring and the constant attention to speech that this involves, this could be a treatment of choice for those who are likely to respond. Consequently, further research is needed to determine which clients seeking behavioural treatment for their stuttering will benefit most from this program. Further research is also needed to determine the extent to which the effectiveness of time-out is...
Hoppenbrouwers, M, Eckhardt, MMEM, Verkerk, K & Verhagen, A 2006, 'Reproducibility of the Measurement of Active and Passive Cervical Range of Motion', Journal of Manipulative and Physiological Therapeutics, vol. 29, no. 5, pp. 363-367.
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Hurn, J, Kneebone, I & Cropley, M 2006, 'Goal setting as an outcome measure: a systematic review', Clinical Rehabilitation, vol. 20, no. 9, pp. 756-772.
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Background: Goal achievement has been considered to be an important measure of outcome by clinicians working with patients in physical and neurological rehabilitation settings. This systematic review was undertaken to examine the reliability, validity and sensitivity of goal setting and goal attainment scaling approaches when used with working age and older people. Aims and objectives: To review the reliability, validity and sensitivity of both goal setting and goal attainment scaling when employed as an outcome measure within a physical and neurological working age and older person rehabilitation environment, by examining the research literature covering the 36 years since goal-setting theory was proposed. Methods: Data sources included a computer-aided literature search of published studies examining the reliability, validity and sensitivity of goal setting/goal attainment scaling, with further references sourced from articles obtained through this process. Main findings: There is strong evidence for the reliability, validity and sensitivity of goal attainment scaling. Empirical support was found for the validity of goal setting but research demonstrating its reliability and sensitivity is limited. Conclusions: Goal attainment scaling appears to be a sound measure for use in physical rehabilitation settings with working age and older people. Further work needs to be carried out with goal setting to establish its reliability and sensitivity as a measurement tool.
Jones, M, Onslow, M, Packman, A & Gebski, V 2006, 'Guidelines for Statistical Analysis of Percentage of Syllables Stuttered Data', Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research, vol. 49, no. 4, pp. 867-878.
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Purpose The purpose of this study was to develop guidelines for the statistical analysis of percentage of syllables stuttered (%SS) data in stuttering research. Method Data on %SS from various independent sources were used to develop a statistical model to describe this type of data. On the basis of this model, %SS data were simulated with varying means, standard deviations, and sample sizes. Four methods for analyzing %SS were compared. Results Results suggested that %SS data can be adequately modeled with a gamma distribution. Simulations based on a gamma distribution showed that all 4 analysis techniques performed favorably with respect to Type I error except for F. E. Satterthwaite’s (1946) t test, which had increased Type I error on two occasions. Power was generally lower for the Wilcoxon–Mann–Whitney test compared with the other methods. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) performed on square-root-transformed data performed adequately under all scenarios, but ANOVA performed on nontransformed data and Satterthwaite’s t test performed poorly when sample sizes were small or when sample sizes and variances of the groups were markedly different. Conclusions Standard techniques such as t test and ANOVA are appropriate for most analysis scenarios with %SS data. Two occasions when this is not the case are when sample size is small, with fewer than 20 in each group, or ...
Karels, CH, Polling, W, Bierma-Zeinstra, SMA, Burdorf, A, Verhagen, AP & Koes, BW 2006, 'Treatment of Arm, Neck, and/or Shoulder Complaints in Physical Therapy Practice', Spine, vol. 31, no. 17, pp. E584-E589.
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Kneebone, II & Al-Daftary, S 2006, 'Flooding treatment of phobia to having her feet touched by physiotherapists, in a young woman with Down's syndrome and a traumatic brain injury', Neuropsychological Rehabilitation, vol. 16, no. 2, pp. 230-236.
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Lincoln, M, Packman, A & Onslow, M 2006, 'Altered auditory feedback and the treatment of stuttering: A review', Journal of Fluency Disorders, vol. 31, no. 2, pp. 71-89.
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Several authors have suggested that devices delivering altered auditory feedback (AAF) may be a viable treatment for adults and children who stutter. This paper reviews published, peer reviewed journal papers from the past 10 years that investigate the effect of AAF during different speaking conditions, tasks and situations. A review of that literature indicates that considerable experimental evidence and limited Phase 1 treatment outcome evidence has been accumulated about the effect of AAF on the speech of people who stutter. However, critical knowledge about the effect of AAF during conversational speech and in everyday speaking situations is missing. Knowledge about how to determine the correct levels of AAF for individuals, and the characteristics of those likely to benefit from AAF, also needs to be established. At present there is no reason to accept a recent suggestion that AAF devices would be a defensible clinical option for children. In general device development and availability has occurred at a faster pace than clinical trials research. Educational objectives: After reading this paper readers should be able to: (1) describe what altered auditory feedback is and common ways the speech signal is altered in stuttering; (2) describe the effects of AAF on the speech of adults who stutter; (3) provide a critical analysis of the literature in the area of AAF and stuttering. Crown Copyright © 2006.
Luijsterburg, PAJ, Verhagen, AP, Ostelo, RWJG, Van den Hoogen, JMM, Peul, WC, Avezaat, CJJ & Koes, BW 2006, 'Physiotherapy more effective than general practitioners'care alone in patients with sciatica?', EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY, vol. 21, pp. 93-93.
Mathie, A, Sutton, GL, Clarke, CE & Veale, EL 2006, 'Zinc and copper: Pharmacological probes and endogenous modulators of neuronal excitability', Pharmacology & Therapeutics, vol. 111, no. 3, pp. 567-583.
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McKay, K, Liu-Brennan, D, McArthur, M, Sercombe, J & Tovey, E 2006, '231 Prevalence of sensitization to moulds in children with CF', Journal of Cystic Fibrosis, vol. 5, pp. S54-S54.
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Müller, U, Hämmerlein, A, Casper, A & Schulz, M 2006, 'Community pharmacy-based intervention to improve self-monitoring of blood glucose in type 2 diabetic patien', Pharmacy Practice (Granada), vol. 4, no. 4, pp. 195-203.
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Unlabelled
Self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG) is clearly correlated with increased life expectancy and quality of life in type 2 diabetic patients.
Objective
The objective of our study was to record and assess the errors patients make in preparing, performing, and processing self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG). Furthermore, the study aimed to determine to what extent a single standardized SMBG instruction session in a community pharmacy might reduce the number of patients making errors or the number of errors per patient.
Methods
Between May and October 2005, SMBG of 462 randomly selected patients with type 2 diabetes was monitored in 32 pharmacies specialized in diabetes care. The patients performed blood glucose self-tests using their own blood glucose meters. Self-testing was monitored using a standardized documentation sheet on which any error made during the performance of the test was recorded. If necessary, patients were instructed in the accurate operation of their meter and the use of the necessary equipment. Additionally, patients obtained written instructions. Six weeks later, assessment of the quality of patient's SMBG was repeated.
Results
During the first observation, 383 patients (83%) made at least one mistake performing SMBG. By the time of the second observation, this frequency had fallen to 189 (41%) (p<0.001). The average number of mistakes fell from 3.1 to 0.8 per patient. Mistakes that may potentially have led to inaccurate readings were initially recorded for 283 (61%) and at study end for 110 (24%) patients (p<0.001).
Conclusion
It is important to periodically instruct type 2 diabetic patients in the proper SMBG technique in order to ensure accurate measurements. In this study it was shown that community pharmacies specialized in diabetes care can provide this service effectively.
Newton-John, TR & Williams, ACDC 2006, 'Chronic pain couples: Perceived marital interactions and pain behaviours', PAIN, vol. 123, no. 1-2, pp. 53-63.
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Onslow, M 2006, 'Connecting stuttering management and measurement: V. Deduction and induction in the development of stuttering treatment outcome measures and stuttering treatments', International Journal of Language & Communication Disorders, vol. 41, no. 4, pp. 407-421.
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AbstractBackground: The development of evidence‐based practice, which is increasingly popular in stuttering treatment, is closely linked to the development of outcome measures.Aims: Two approaches to the development of stuttering treatment outcome measures are outlined. The first is the deductive, top‐down approach, where the development of specific outcome measures is guided by a priori general conceptualizations of the nature of the disorder. A competing approach to the development of stuttering treatment outcome measures is outlined. This is the inductive, or bottom up approach. This approach uses Baer's (1988, 1990) notion of specific complaints of clients as the starting point to develop inductive statements for use as general guidance for developing treatment outcome measures.Main Contribution: It is argued that the deductive approach to development of outcome measures has limitations. It is overly prescriptive, generating numerous and increasingly complex outcome measures that are potentially confusing for clinicians. Further, it is arbitrary and fragile, being linked to conceptualizations and theories about stuttering, which, by necessity, are limited themselves. Further, the development of numerous outcome measures is not compatible with the conduct of randomized controlled trials, which allow a maximum of two primary outcome measures. In contrast, the inductive approach to the development of outcome measures has in its favour that it is empirically driven rather than arbitrary, and that it facilitates a yoking of the development of clinical outcomes and the clinical methods to attain those outcomes. The approach is unlikely to lead to the development of fruitless treatment methods. Further, the approach is parsimonious to the extent that it is likely to produce few guiding generalities for treatmen...
Power, E & Code, C 2006, 'Waving not drowning: Utilising gesture in the treatment of aphasia', Advances in Speech Language Pathology, vol. 8, no. 2, pp. 115-119.
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We welcome the lead article (Rose, 2006) and congratulate Miranda Rose for raising important issues for the utility of gesture and pantomime in the rehabilitation of people with aphasia. We take this opportunity to briefly discuss recent theoretical developments and experimental research in the cognitive neurosciences on the relationships between language and action. We comment briefly on some issues raised in the review, including the question of how it is that some people with aphasia are able to utilise gesture and others are not, the relationship between propositional and spontaneous gesture and the degree to which treatment utilising gesture is possible at all for people with severe limb apraxia. Research based on experimental and theoretical developments forms the promising basis for further investigations into the utility of gesture as a facilitator for language in aphasia. We wonder, however, if it is those most in need of gesture and pantomime to compensate for severe impairment who are the least likely to benefit from labour-intensive treatment. © The Speech Pathology Association of Australia Limited.
Röst, CCM, Jacqueline, J, Kaiser, A, Verhagen, AP & Koes, BW 2006, 'Prognosis of women with pelvic pain during pregnancy: a long‐term follow‐up study', Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica, vol. 85, no. 7, pp. 771-777.
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AbstractStudy design. A follow‐up study of women with pelvic pain during pregnancy. Objectives. To evaluate prognostic factors for pelvic pain. Methods. Out of a cohort of 870 pelvic pain patients, 598 women, who delivered less than 42 months prior to the follow‐up measurement, were selected for follow‐up. Results. Data of 430 women were available for analysis with a mean follow‐up duration of 18 months postpartum. Forty‐three women still experienced moderate or severe pain and were seriously hindered in more than one activity. At intake symptomatic women experienced a higher overall severity of complaints, more walking deficiencies, and mentioned prepregnancy back pain more often and reported labor lasting longer than 18 h 2.5 times more often than asymptomatic women. Explained variance of these factors is small. Conclusions. Mean 18 months postpartum a small group had moderate or severe pain. Prepregnancy back pain, severity of complaints, and number of walking deficiencies at primary referral as well as duration of labor showed a significant relation with symptoms.
Scholten-Peeters, GGM, Neeleman-van der Steen, CWM, van der Windt, DAWM, Hendriks, EJM, Verhagen, AP & Oostendorp, RAB 2006, 'Education by General Practitioners or Education and Exercises by Physiotherapists for Patients With Whiplash-Associated Disorders? A Randomized Clinical Trial', Spine, vol. 31, no. 7, pp. 723-731.
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Scholten-Peeters, W, Neeleman-Van Der Steen, K, Van Der Windt, D, Hendriks, E, Verhagen, A & Oostendorp, R 2006, 'The effectiveness of the treatment of general practitioners and of physiotherapy in patients with whiplash: A randomized clinical study', Huisarts en Wetenschap, vol. 49, no. 1, pp. 7-14.
Schulz, M, Graefe, T, Stuby, K, Andresen, H, Kupfermann, N & Schmoldt, A 2006, 'Case report: Acute unintentional carbachol intoxication', Critical Care, vol. 10, no. 3, pp. R84-R84.
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Schulz, M, Hämmerlein, A, Hinkel, U, Weis, G & Gillissen, A 2006, 'Safety and usage pattern of an over-the-counter ambroxol cough syrup: a community pharmacy-based cohort study', Int. Journal of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, vol. 44, no. 09, pp. 409-421.
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Sercombe, JK, Liu-Brennan, D, Green, BJ & Tovey, ER 2006, 'Identifying Domestic Aeroallergen Exposure in a Cystic Fibrosis Patient: A Case Study', Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, vol. 117, no. 2, pp. S299-S299.
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Starcevic, V & Berle, D 2006, 'Cognitive specificity of anxiety disorders: a review of selected key constructs', Depression and Anxiety, vol. 23, no. 2, pp. 51-61.
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Trajkovski, N, Andrews, C, O'Brian, S, Onslow, M & Packman, A 2006, 'Treating Stuttering in a Preschool Child With Syllable Timed Speech: A Case Report', Behaviour Change, vol. 23, no. 4, pp. 270-277.
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AbstractIn this article we report the use of a simple, nonprogrammed, syllable timed speech procedure to treat stuttering in a 3-year-old boy with a 2-year history of stuttering. The treatment involved the boy and his parents visiting the clinic 7 times, and the parents modelling syllable timed speech 2 to 6 times per day for 5- to 10-minute intervals in and around the home. After 7 weeks, clinic measures and objective, blinded measures of speech beyond the clinic showed stuttering frequency below 1.0% syllables stuttered. Along with low severity ratings made by the parent each day, this meets the stuttering criteria of another, proven treatment for early stuttering intervention. However, in this study reduction in stuttering was achieved with a simpler and more cost efficient procedure. With the caveat that this is a nonexperimental case report, we discuss its potential implications.
Vandenberg, JI, Hill, AP, Campbell, TJ & Clarke, CE 2006, 'Reply from Jamie I. Vandenberg, Adam P. Hill, Terence J. Campbell, Catherine E. Clarke', The Journal of Physiology, vol. 577, no. 1, pp. 461-462.
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Verhagen, A, Damen, L, Bruijn, J, Berger, M, Passchier, J & Koes, B 2006, 'Effectiveness of interventions in children with migraine', Huisarts en Wetenschap, vol. 49, no. 3, pp. 123-129.
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Objective: To assess the effectiveness and tolerance of treatment methods for episodes of migraine in children. Methods: We performed a systematic review. Databases were searched from inception to June 2004, and references were checked. We selected randomised and controlled trials reporting the effects of symptomatic and prophylactic treatment methods in children with migraine, using headache features as outcome measure. Two independent reviewers assessed trial quality and extracted data. Quantitative and qualitative analyses were carried out according to type of intervention. Results: A total of 49 trials (total 3296 patients) were included in this review, of which 16 studies (32.7%) were considered to be of high quality. Ten studies evaluated the effectiveness of acute medication. Compared to placebo, headache improved significantly for acetaminophen, ibuprofen, and nasal sumatriptan. No significant differences were found between acetaminophen and ibuprofen or nimesulide, and between oral sumatriptan, rizatriptan and dihydroergotamine compared to placebo. All medications were well tolerated, but significantly more adverse events were reported for nasal sumatriptan. Nineteen studies evaluated the effectiveness of non-pharmacological prophylactic treatments. When compared to waiting list control, headache improved significantly for relaxation, relaxation plus biofeedback, and relaxation plus biofeedback plus cognitive behavioural treatment. There is conflicting evidence regarding the use of oligoantigenic diets. Lastly, 20 studies evaluated the effectiveness of pharmacological prophylactic treatments. Compared to placebo, headache improved significantly for flunarizine medication. There is conflicting evidence for the use of propranolol. Nimodipine, clonidine, L-5HTP, trazodone and papaverine showed no efficacy when compared to placebo. Conclusions: Acetaminophen and ibuprofen are effective symptomatic pharmacological treatments of episodes of migraine ...
Verhagen, A, Damen, L, Bruijn, J, Berger, M, Passchier, J & Koes, B 2006, 'Effectiviteit van interventies bij kinderen met migraine', Huisarts en wetenschap, vol. 49, no. 3, pp. 180-188.
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Verhagen AP, Damen L, Bruijn JKJ, Berger MY, Passchier J, Koes BW. Effectiveness of interventions in children with migraine. Huisarts Wet 2006;49(3):123-9. Objective To assess the effectiveness and tolerance of treatment methods for episodes of migraine in children. Methods We performed a systematic review. Databases were searched from inception to June 2004, and references were checked. We selected randomised and controlled trials reporting the effects of symptomatic and prophylactic treatment methods in children with migraine, using headache features as outcome measure. Two independent reviewers assessed trial quality and extracted data. Quantitative and qualitative analyses were carried out according to type of intervention. Results A total of 49 trials (total 3296 patients) were included in this review, of which 16 studies (32.7%) were considered to be of high quality. Ten studies evaluated the effectiveness of acute medication. Compared to placebo, headache improved significantly for acetaminophen, ibuprofen, and nasal sumatriptan. No significant differences were found between acetaminophen and ibuprofen or nimesulide, and between oral sumatriptan, rizatriptan and dihydroergotamine compared to placebo. All medications were well tolerated, but significantly more adverse events were reported for nasal sumatriptan. Nineteen studies evaluated the effectiveness of non-pharmacological prophylactic treatments. When compared to waiting list control, headache improved significantly for relaxation, relaxation plus biofeedback, and relaxation plus biofeedback plus cognitive behavioural treatment. There is conflicting evidence regarding the use of oligoantigenic diets. Lastly, 20 studies evaluated the effectiveness of pharmacological prophylactic treatments. Compared to placebo, headache improved significantly for flunarizine medication. There is conflicting evidence for the use of propranolol. Nimodipine, clonidine, L-5HTP, trazodone and papaverine showed no efficacy w...
Verhagen, AP, Damen, L, Berger, MY, Passchier, J, Merlijn, V & Koes, BW 2006, 'Is any one analgesic superior for episodic tension-type headache?', J Fam Pract, vol. 55, no. 12, pp. 1064-1072.
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Though all non-narcotic analgesics have equivalent efficacy against tension-type headache, ibuprofen's generally favorable side-effect profile makes it a reasonable first choice.
Verhagen, AP, Karels, CC, Bierma-Zeinstra, SMA, Burdorf, LL, Feleus, A, Dahaghin, SSD, de Vet, HCW & Koes, BW 2006, 'Ergonomic and physiotherapeutic interventions for treating work-related complaints of the arm, neck or shoulder in adults', COCHRANE DATABASE OF SYSTEMATIC REVIEWS, no. 3.
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Vos, CJ, Verhagen, AP & Koes, BW 2006, 'Reliability and responsiveness of the Dutch version of the Neck Disability Index in patients with acute neck pain in general practice', European Spine Journal, vol. 15, no. 11, pp. 1729-1736.
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Zeeuwe, PEM, Verhagen, AP, Bierma-Zeinstra, SMA, van Rossum, E, Faber, MJ & Koes, BW 2006, 'The effect of Tai Chi Chuan in reducing falls among elderly people: design of a randomized clinical trial in the Netherlands [ISRCTN98840266]', BMC Geriatrics, vol. 6, no. 1.
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Background: Falls are a significant public health problem. Thirty to fifty percent of the elderly of 65 years and older fall each year. Falls are the most common type of accident in this age group and can result in fractures and subsequent disabilities, increased fear of falling, social isolation, decreased mobility, and even an increased mortality. Several forms of exercise have been associated with a reduced risk of falling and with a wide range of physiological as well as psychosocial health benefits. Tai Chi Chuan seems to be the most promising form of exercise in the elderly, but the evidence is still controversial. In this article the design of a randomized clinical trial is presented. The trial evaluates the effect of Tai Chi Chuan on fall prevention and physical and psychological function in older adults. Methods/Design: 270 people of seventy years and older living at home will be identified in the files of the participating general practitioners. People will be asked to participate when meeting the following inclusion criteria: have experienced a fall in the preceding year or suffer from two of the following risk factors: disturbed balance, mobility problems, dizziness, or the use of benzodiazepines or diuretics. People will be randomly allocated to either the Tai Chi Chuan group (13 weeks, twice a week) or the no treatment control group. The primary outcome measure is the number of new falls, measured with a diary. The secondary outcome measures are balance, fear of falling, blood pressure, heart rate, lung function parameters, physical activity, functional status, quality of life, mental health, use of walking devices, medication, use of health care services, adjustments to the house, severity of fall incidents and subsequent injuries. Process parameters will be measured to evaluate the Tai Chi Chuan intervention. A cost-effectiveness analysis will be carried out alongside the evaluation of the clinical results. Follow-up measurements will be collected...
