Andrews, C, O’Brian, S, Harrison, E, Onslow, M, Packman, A & Menzies, R 2012, 'Syllable-Timed Speech Treatment for School-Age Children Who Stutter: A Phase I Trial', Language, Speech, and Hearing Services in Schools, vol. 43, no. 3, pp. 359-369.
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Purpose This clinical trial determined the outcomes of a simple syllable-timed speech (STS) treatment for school-age children who stutter. Method Participants were 10 children, ages 6–11 years, who stutter. Treatment involved training the children and their parents to use STS at near normal speech rates. The technique was practiced in the clinic and at home with the parents during everyday conversations. Results Nine months after commencing treatment, stuttering had decreased by >50% for half of the children, with 2 children attaining 81% and 87% reduction. Intention-to-treat analysis showed a clinically and statistically significant reduction in stuttering for the group even when a withdrawn participant was included. These results were mostly confirmed by self-reported stuttering severity ratings and were supported by improved situation avoidance and quality-of-life scores. There was considerable individual variation in response to the treatment. Conclusion STS shows promise as a treatment for some school-age children who stutter. As a fluency technique, it is simple to learn and simple to teach, and the children in this study appeared to enjoy the treatment. The efficacy of the treatment could likely be improved with modifications.
Antoniou, AC, Kuchenbaecker, KB, Soucy, P, Beesley, J, Chen, X, McGuffog, L, Lee, A, Barrowdale, D, Healey, S, Sinilnikova, OM, Caligo, MA, Loman, N, Harbst, K, Lindblom, A, Arver, B, Rosenquist, R, Karlsson, P, Nathanson, K, Domchek, S, Rebbeck, T, Jakubowska, A, Lubinski, J, Jaworska, K, Durda, K, Złowowcka-Perłowska, E, Osorio, A, Durán, M, Andrés, R, Benítez, J, Hamann, U, Hogervorst, FB, van Os, TA, Verhoef, S, Meijers-Heijboer, HEJ, Wijnen, J, Gómez Garcia, EB, Ligtenberg, MJ, Kriege, M, Collée, JM, Ausems, MGEM, Oosterwijk, JC, Peock, S, Frost, D, Ellis, SD, Platte, R, Fineberg, E, Evans, DG, Lalloo, F, Jacobs, C, Eeles, R, Adlard, J, Davidson, R, Cole, T, Cook, J, Paterson, J, Douglas, F, Brewer, C, Hodgson, S, Morrison, PJ, Walker, L, Rogers, MT, Donaldson, A, Dorkins, H, Godwin, AK, Bove, B, Stoppa-Lyonnet, D, Houdayer, C, Buecher, B, de Pauw, A, Mazoyer, S, Calender, A, Léoné, M, Bressac- de Paillerets, B, Caron, O, Sobol, H, Frenay, M, Prieur, F, Ferrer, SF, Mortemousque, I, Buys, S, Daly, M, Miron, A, Terry, MB, Hopper, JL, John, EM, Southey, M, Goldgar, D, Singer, CF, Fink-Retter, A, Tea, M-K, Kaulich, DG, Hansen, TVO, Nielsen, FC, Barkardottir, RB, Gaudet, M, Kirchhoff, T, Joseph, V, Dutra-Clarke, A, Offit, K, Piedmonte, M, Kirk, J, Cohn, D, Hurteau, J, Byron, J, Fiorica, J, Toland, AE, Montagna, M, Oliani, C, Imyanitov, E, Isaacs, C, Tihomirova, L, Blanco, I, Lazaro, C, Teulé, A, Valle, JD, Gayther, SA, Odunsi, K, Gross, J, Karlan, BY, Olah, E, Teo, S-H, Ganz, PA, Beattie, MS, Dorfling, CM, van Rensburg, EJ, Diez, O, Kwong, A, Schmutzler, RK, Wappenschmidt, B, Engel, C, Meindl, A, Ditsch, N, Arnold, N, Heidemann, S, Niederacher, D, Preisler-Adams, S, Gadzicki, D, Varon-Mateeva, R, Deissler, H, Gehrig, A, Sutter, C, Kast, K, Fiebig, B, Schäfer, D, Caldes, T, de la Hoya, M, Nevanlinna, H, Muranen, TA, Lespérance, B, Spurdle, AB, Neuhausen, SL, Ding, YC, Wang, X, Fredericksen, Z, Pankratz, VS, Lindor, NM, Peterlongo, P, Manoukian, S, Peissel, B, Zaffaroni, D, Bonanni, B, Bernard, L, Dolcetti, R, Papi, L, Ottini, L, Radice, P, Greene, MH, Loud, JT, Andrulis, IL, Ozcelik, H, Mulligan, AM, Glendon, G, Thomassen, M, Gerdes, A-M, Jensen, UB, Skytte, A-B, Kruse, TA, Chenevix-Trench, G, Couch, FJ, Simard, J & Easton, DF 2012, 'Common variants at 12p11, 12q24, 9p21, 9q31.2 and in ZNF365 are associated with breast cancer risk for BRCA1 and/or BRCA2mutation carriers', Breast Cancer Research, vol. 14, no. 1.
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Aplenc, R, Fisher, BT, Huang, YS, Li, Y, Alonzo, TA, Gerbing, RB, Hall, M, Bertoch, D, Keren, R, Seif, AE, Sung, L, Adamson, PC & Gamis, A 2012, 'Merging of the National Cancer Institute–funded cooperative oncology group data with an administrative data source to develop a more effective platform for clinical trial analysis and comparative effectiveness research: a report from the Children's Oncology Group', Pharmacoepidemiology and Drug Safety, vol. 21, no. S2, pp. 37-43.
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ABSTRACTPurposeThe National Cancer Institute–funded cooperative oncology group trials have improved overall survival for children with cancer from 10% to 85% and have set standards of care for adults with malignancies. Despite these successes, cooperative oncology groups currently face substantial challenges. We are working to develop methods to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of these trials. Specifically, we merged data from the Children's Oncology Group (COG) and the Pediatric Health Information Systems (PHIS) to improve toxicity monitoring, to estimate treatment‐associated resource utilization and costs, and to address important clinical epidemiology questions.MethodsCOG and PHIS data on patients enrolled on a phase III COG trial for de novo acute myeloid leukemia at 43 PHIS hospitals were merged using a probabilistic algorithm. Resource utilization summary statistics were then tabulated for the first chemotherapy course based on PHIS data.ResultsOf 416 patients enrolled on the phase III COG trial at PHIS centers, 392 (94%) were successfully matched. Of these, 378 (96%) had inpatient PHIS data available beginning at the date of study enrollment. For these, daily blood product usage and anti‐infective exposures were tabulated and standardized costs were described.ConclusionsThese data demonstrate that patients enrolled in a cooperative group oncology trial can be successfully identified in an administrative data set and that supportive care resource utilization can be described. Further work is required to optimize the merging algorithm, map resource utilization metrics to the National Cancer Institute Common Toxicity Criteria for monitoring toxicity, to perform ...
Bailey, PE, Henry, JD & Varcin, KJ 2012, 'Right frontal cortical lesions disrupt anger mimicry', Neuropsychologia, vol. 50, no. 7, pp. 1632-1638.
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Bali, SJ, Chan, C, Hodge, C & Sutton, G 2012, 'Intracorneal Ring Segment Reimplantation in Keratectasia', Asia-Pacific Journal of Ophthalmology, vol. 1, no. 6, pp. 327-330.
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Purpose
The objective of this study was to evaluate the safety and potential for visual improvement of replacing INTACS with Kerarings in patients with keratectasia.
Design
Retrospective case series.
Methods
A review of patients undergoing intracorneal segment exchange was conducted. Ten eyes of 9 patients that underwent INTACS explantation and Keraring re-implantation were included. Visual acuity, manifest refraction, keratometry, and corneal asphericity readings were collected. Data were analyzed preoperatively, immediately before Keraring insertion, and at 3, 6, and 12 months after Keraring implantation.
Results
The mean age of subjects was 44.5 ± 11.23 years. The mean time to exchange was 13.9 ± 9.8 months. The initial indications for surgery were post- Laser-Assisted in Situ Keratomileusis ectasia (n = 6) and keratoconus (n = 4). The removal and re-implantation procedure were successfully completed in all eyes without significant complications. No statistical difference was observed with respect to keratometry readings, manifest sphere, and manifest cylinder during follow-up. There was a significant improvement in mean decimal corrected distance visual acuity at 3, 6, and 12 months after Keraring insertion (P>0.05). The Q values were -0.37 ± 0.94 after INTACS implantation and -0.18 ± 0.62, 0.06 ± 0.31, and 0.00 ± 0.38 at 3, 6, and 12 months after insertion of Kerarings.
Conclusions
Replacement of INTACS with Kerarings appears to be a safe procedure and may lead to an increase in corrected distance visual acuity in some eyes. This may be related to the change in corneal asphericity as experienced by our cohort.
Bali, SJ, Hodge, C, Chen, S & Sutton, G 2012, 'Femtosecond laser assisted cataract surgery in phacovitrectomy', Graefe's Archive for Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology, vol. 250, no. 10, pp. 1549-1551.
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Bali, SJ, Hodge, C, Lawless, M, Roberts, TV & Sutton, G 2012, 'Early Experience with the Femtosecond Laser for Cataract Surgery', Ophthalmology, vol. 119, no. 5, pp. 891-899.
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Objective: To describe the intraoperative complications and to evaluate the learning curve with femtosecond laser cataract surgery. Design: Prospective, consecutive cohort study. Participants: The first 200 eyes undergoing femtosecond laser cataract surgery and refractive lens exchange in a single center. Methods: The initial 200 eyes undergoing cataract surgery between April 2011 and June 2011 by 6 surgeons were included in the study. The cases underwent anterior capsulotomy, lens fragmentation, and corneal incisions with the femtosecond laser. The procedure was completed by phacoemulsification and insertion of an intraocular lens. Data were collected about patient demographics, preoperative investigations and intraoperative complications. The cases were divided into 4 groups - group 1 included the first 50 cases, group 2 included cases 51 through 100, group 3 included cases 101 through 150, and group 4 included cases 151 through 200 - and were analyzed. Main Outcome Measures: Intraoperative complication rates. Results: The mean age of patients included was 69.2±9.8 years. Of the 200 eyes, 74.5% underwent a complete procedure of laser capsulotomy, lens fragmentation, and corneal incisions. Five eyes had suction breaks during the laser procedure that led to the remainder of the laser procedure being aborted. Twenty-one (10.5%) eyes showed the presence of small anterior capsular tags. The number of eyes with free-floating capsulotomies was 35 (17.5%). The other complications during the study were anterior radial tears (n = 8; 4%), posterior capsular ruptures (n = 7; 3.5%), and dropped nucleus (n = 4; 2%). A significant difference was noted among the sequential groups with respect to the number of docking attempts (P<0.001), miosis after the laser procedure (P<0.001), and free-floating capsulotomies (P<0.001), suggesting an improving learning curve. The surgeons with prior experience with femtosecond lasers had fewer complications in the first 100 cases (P<0.001). ...
Ball, P & Pont, L 2012, 'Home grown or imported?', Australian Journal of Pharmacy, vol. 93, no. 1110, p. 34.
Banks, E, Herbert, N, Mather, T, Rogers, K & Jorm, L 2012, 'Characteristics of Australian cohort study participants who do and do not take up an additional invitation to join a long-term biobank: The 45 and Up Study', BMC Research Notes, vol. 5, no. 1.
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Background: Large-scale population biobanks are critical for future research integrating epidemiology, genetic, biomarker and other factors. Little is known about the factors influencing participation in biobanks. This study compares the characteristics of biobank participants with those of non-participants, among members of an existing cohort study. Methods. Individuals aged 45 and over participating in The 45 and Up Study and living ≤20km from central Wagga Wagga, New South Wales (NSW), Australia (rural/regional area) or ≤10km from central Parramatta, NSW (urban area) (n=2340) were invited to join a biobank, giving a blood sample and having additional measures taken, including height, weight, waist circumference, heart rate and blood pressure. Results: The overall uptake of the invitation to participate was 33% (762/2340). The response rate was 41% (410/1002) among participants resident in the regional area, and 26% (352/1338) among those resident in the urban area. Characteristics associated with significantly decreased participation were being aged 80 and over versus being aged 45-64 (participation rate ratio: RR = 0.45, 95%CI 0.34-0.60), not being born in Australia versus being born in Australia (0.69, 0.59-0.81), having versus not having a major disability (0.54, 0.38-0.76), having full-time caregiving responsibilities versus not being a full-time carer (0.62, 0.42-0.93) and being a current smoker versus never having smoked (0.66, 0.50-0.89). Factors associated with increased participation were being in part-time work versus not being in paid work (1.24, 1.07-1.44) and having an annual household income of ≥$50,000 versus <$20,000 (1.50, 1.26-1.80). Conclusions: A range of socio-economic, health and lifestyle factors are associated with biobank participation among members of an existing cohort study, with factors relating to health-seeking behaviours and access difficulties or time limitations being particularly important. If more widespread participation in...
Banks, E, Herbert, N, Rogers, K, Mather, T & Jorm, L 2012, 'Randomised trial investigating the relationship of response rate for blood sample donation to site of biospecimen collection, fasting status and reminder letter: The 45 and Up Study', BMC Medical Research Methodology, vol. 12, no. 1.
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Background: Various options exist for collecting biospecimens and biomarkers from cohort study participants, and these have important logistic, resource and scientific implications. Evidence on how different collection methods affect participation and data quality is lacking. This parallel-design randomised trial, the Link-Up Study, involved blood sample donation and other data collection among participants in an existing cohort study, The 45 and Up Study. It aimed to investigate the relation of fasting status, reminder letters and data collection site to response rates, data quality and biospecimen yield. Methods. Individuals aged 45 and over participating in The 45 and Up Study and living ≤20 km from central Wagga Wagga, NSW (regional area) or ≤10 km from central Parramatta, NSW (urban area) (n = 2340) were randomised, stratified by area of residence, to be invited to give a blood sample and additional data by attending either a clinic established specifically for the trial, with an appointment time ("dedicated clinic", n = 1336) or an existing local commercial pathology centre (n = 1004). Within dedicated clinic groups, participants were randomised into fasting (n = 668) or non-fasting (n = 668) and, at the Parramatta pathology centre site, reminder letter after two weeks (n = 336) or no reminder (n = 334). Results: Overall, 33% (762/2340) of invitees took part in the Link-Up Study; 41% (410/1002) among regional and 26% (352/1338) among urban-area residents (p < 0.0001). At the dedicated clinics, response rates were 38% (257/668) not fasting and 38% fasting (257/668) (participation rate ratio (RR) = 1.00, 95%CI 0.91-1.08, p = 0.98). The response rate was 22% among individuals randomised to attend the Parramatta pathology centre without a reminder and 23% among those sent a reminder letter (RR = 1.01, 0.93-1.09, p = 0.74). In total, the response rate was 38% (514/1336) at the dedicated clinics and 25% (248/1004) at the pathology centres (RR = 0.67, 0.56-0.78, p...
Berle, D & Starcevic, V 2012, 'Preliminary validation of the Nepean Dysphoria Scale', Australasian Psychiatry, vol. 20, no. 4, pp. 322-326.
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Objective: To present the psychometric properties of the Nepean Dysphoria Scale (NDS), the first instrument developed to measure the severity of dysphoria. Method: The NDS was administered to 134 university students and its characteristics were examined. The structure of the scale was investigated using exploratory factor analysis. Convergent and divergent validity were examined by investigating the associations between the NDS and its subscales with other conceptually similar (Beck Depression Inventory II, Dysfunctional Attitude Scale – Form A and Toronto Alexithymia Scale) and conceptually distinct (Anxiety Sensitivity Index) instruments. Results: The 24-item NDS demonstrated excellent internal consistency. A four-factor solution was derived, with factors pertaining to irritability, discontent, surrender and interpersonal resentment. There were medium to strong correlations between the NDS and its subscales and depressive symptoms as measured by the Beck Depression Inventory II. The NDS and its subscales showed weaker, but still significant, correlations with Dysfunctional Attitude Scale – Form A, Toronto Alexithymia Scale and Anxiety Sensitivity Index. Conclusions: The study suggests that the NDS has good psychometric properties. Further research would more firmly establish the NDS as a valid measure of the complex emotional state of dysphoria.
Berle, D, Starcevic, V, Brakoulias, V, Sammut, P, Milicevic, D, Hannan, A & Moses, K 2012, 'Disgust propensity in obsessive–compulsive disorder: Cross-sectional and prospective relationships', Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry, vol. 43, no. 1, pp. 656-663.
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Bogart, E, Togher, L, Power, E & Docking, K 2012, 'Casual conversations between individuals with traumatic brain injury and their friends', Brain Injury, vol. 26, no. 3, pp. 221-233.
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Carey, B & Onslow, M 2012, 'The Promise of Web-Based Stuttering Treatment', The ASHA Leader, vol. 17, no. 12, pp. 18-19.
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Carey, B, O’Brian, S, Onslow, M, Packman, A & Menzies, R 2012, 'Webcam Delivery of the Camperdown Program for Adolescents Who Stutter: A Phase I Trial', Language, Speech, and Hearing Services in Schools, vol. 43, no. 3, pp. 370-380.
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Purpose This Phase I clinical trial explored the viability of webcam Internet delivery of the Camperdown Program for adolescents who stutter. Method and Procedure Participants were 3 adolescents ages 13, 15, and 16 years, with moderate-severe stuttering. Each was treated with the Camperdown Program delivered by webcam with no clinic attendance. Primary outcome measures were percentage of syllables stuttered and number of treatment sessions to maintenance. Secondary outcome measures were speech naturalness, situation avoidance, self-reported stuttering severity, and parent and adolescent satisfaction. Data were collected pre treatment and at 1 day, 6 months, and 12 months post entry to maintenance. Results Participants entered maintenance after means of 18 sessions and 11 clinician hours. Group mean reduction of stuttering from pre treatment to entry to maintenance was 83%, from pre treatment to 6 months post entry to maintenance was 93%, and from pre treatment to 12 months post entry to maintenance was 74%. Self-reported stuttering severity ratings confirmed these results. Post entry to maintenance speech naturalness for participants fell within the range of that of 3 matched controls. However, avoidance of speech situations showed no corresponding improvements for 2 of the participants. Conclusion The service delivery model was efficacious and efficient. All of the participants and their parents also found it appealing. Results justify a Phase II trial of the delivery model.
Cocomazzo, N, Block, S, Carey, B, O’Brian, S, Onslow, M, Packman, A & Iverach, L 2012, 'Camperdown Program for adults who stutter: a student training clinic Phase I trial', International Journal of Language & Communication Disorders, vol. 47, no. 4, pp. 365-372.
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Abstract Objectives: During speech pathology professional preparation there is a need for adequate student instruction with speech‐restructuring treatments for adults. An important part of that clinical educational experience is to participate in a clinical setting that produces outcomes equivalent to those attained during clinical trials. A previous report showed that this is possible with a traditional, intensive speech‐restructuring treatment. Considering the treatment process advantages and time efficiency of the Camperdown Program, it is arguably a compelling prospect for clinician education. Therefore, the present study is a Phase I trial of the treatment at a student university clinic, with a similar design to a previous report.Background: During speech pathology professional preparation there is a need for adequate student instruction with speech‐restructuring treatments for adults. An important part of that clinical educational experience is to participate in a clinical setting that produces outcomes equivalent to those attained during clinical trials. A previous report showed that this is possible with a traditional, intensive speech‐restructuring treatment. Considering the treatment process advantages and time efficiency of the Camperdown Program, it is arguably a compelling prospect for clinician education.Aims: The present study is a Phase I trial of the treatment at a student university clinic, with a similar design to a previous report.Methods & Procedures: The design was a non‐randomized Phase I clinical trial with 12 adult participants. Primary outcomes were per cent syllables stuttered (%SS) within and beyond the clinic, and speech naturalness scores from pre‐ and post‐treatment stutter‐free speech samples.Outc...
COOKE, GM, CHAO, NL & BEHEREGARAY, LB 2012, 'Divergent natural selection with gene flow along major environmental gradients in Amazonia: insights from genome scans, population genetics and phylogeography of the characin fishTriportheus albus', Molecular Ecology, vol. 21, no. 10, pp. 2410-2427.
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AbstractThe unparalleled diversity of tropical ecosystems like the Amazon Basin has been traditionally explained using spatial models within the context of climatic and geological history. Yet, it is adaptive genetic diversity that defines how species evolve and interact within an ecosystem. Here, we combine genome scans, population genetics and sequence‐based phylogeographic analyses to examine spatial and ecological arrangements of selected and neutrally evolving regions of the genome of an Amazonian fish,Triportheus albus. Using a sampling design encompassing five major Amazonian rivers, three hydrochemical settings, 352 nuclear markers and two mitochondrial DNA genes, we assess the influence of environmental gradients as biodiversity drivers in Amazonia. We identify strong divergent natural selection with gene flow and isolation by environment across craton (black and clear colour)‐ and Andean (white colour)‐derived water types. Furthermore, we find that heightened selection and population genetic structure present at the interface of these water types appears more powerful in generating diversity than the spatial arrangement of river systems and vicariant biogeographic history. The results from our study challenge assumptions about the origin and distribution of adaptive and neutral genetic diversity in tropical ecosystems. In addition, they have important implications for measures of biodiversity and evolutionary potential in one of the world’s most diverse and iconic ecosystems.
Cooke, GM, Chao, NL & Beheregaray, LB 2012, 'Marine incursions, cryptic species and ecological diversification in Amazonia: the biogeographic history of the croaker genusPlagioscion(Sciaenidae)', Journal of Biogeography, vol. 39, no. 4, pp. 724-738.
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AbstractAim We propose a phylogenetic hypothesis for the marine‐derived sciaenid genusPlagioscionin the context of geomorphology and adaptation to freshwaters of South America, and assess the extent to which contemporary freshwater hydrochemical gradients influence diversification within a widely distributedPlagioscionspecies,Plagioscion squamosissimus.Location Amazon Basin and South America.Methods Using nuclear and mitochondrial DNA sequence data, phylogenetic analyses were conducted on the five nominalPlagioscionspecies, together with representatives fromPachyurusandPachypops, using character and model‐based methods. Genealogical relationships and population genetic structure of 152P. squamosissimusspecimens sampled from the five major rivers and three hydrochemical settings/‘colours’ (i.e. white, black and clear water) of the Amazon Basin were assessed.Results Phylogenetic analyses support the monophyly ofPlagioscionin South America and identify two putative cryptic species ofPlagioscion. Divergence estimates suggest that thePlagioscionancestor invaded South America via a northern route during the late Oligocene to early Miocene. WithinP. squamosissimusa strong association of haplotype and water colour was observed, together with significant population structure detected between water colours.Main conclusions Our analyses ofPlagioscionare consistent with a biogeographic scenario of early Miocene marine incursions into S...
COOKE, GM, CHAO, NL & BEHEREGARAY, LB 2012, 'Natural selection in the water: freshwater invasion and adaptation by water colour in the Amazonian pufferfish', Journal of Evolutionary Biology, vol. 25, no. 7, pp. 1305-1320.
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AbstractNatural selection and ecological adaptation are ultimately responsible for much of the origin of biodiversity. Yet, the identification of divergent natural selection has been hindered by the spatial complexity of natural systems, the difficulty in identifying genes under selection and their relationship to environment, and the confounding genomic effects of time. Here, we employed genome scans, population genetics and sequence‐based phylogeographic methods to identify divergent natural selection on population boundaries in a freshwater invader, the Amazonian pufferfish,Colomesus asellus. We sampled extensively across markedly different hydrochemical settings in the Amazon Basin and use ‘water colour’ to test for ecological isolation. We distinguish the relative contribution of natural selection across hydrochemical gradients from biogeographic history in the origin and maintenance of population boundaries within a single species and across a complex ecosystem. We show that spatially distinct population structure generated by multiple forces (i.e. water colour and vicariant biogeographic history) can be identified if the confounding effects of genetic drift have not accumulated between selective populations. Our findings have repercussions for studies aimed at identifying engines of biodiversity and assessing their temporal progression in understudied and ecologically complex tropical ecosystems.
Cooke, GM, King, AG, Johnson, RN, Boles, WE & Major, RE 2012, 'Rapid Characterization of Mitochondrial Genome Rearrangements in Australian Songbirds Using Next-generation Sequencing Technology', Journal of Heredity, vol. 103, no. 6, pp. 882-886.
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Cooke, GM, King, AG, Miller, L & Johnson, RN 2012, 'A rapid molecular method to detect the invasive golden apple snail Pomacea canaliculata (Lamarck, 1822)', Conservation Genetics Resources, vol. 4, no. 3, pp. 591-593.
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Couch, FJ, Gaudet, MM, Antoniou, AC, Ramus, SJ, Kuchenbaecker, KB, Soucy, P, Beesley, J, Chen, X, Wang, X, Kirchhoff, T, McGuffog, L, Barrowdale, D, Lee, A, Healey, S, Sinilnikova, OM, Andrulis, IL, Ozcelik, H, Mulligan, AM, Thomassen, M, Gerdes, A-M, Jensen, UB, Skytte, A-B, Kruse, TA, Caligo, MA, von Wachenfeldt, A, Barbany-Bustinza, G, Loman, N, Soller, M, Ehrencrona, H, Karlsson, P, Nathanson, KL, Rebbeck, TR, Domchek, SM, Jakubowska, A, Lubinski, J, Jaworska, K, Durda, K, Złowocka, E, Huzarski, T, Byrski, T, Gronwald, J, Cybulski, C, Górski, B, Osorio, A, Durán, M, Tejada, MI, Benitez, J, Hamann, U, Hogervorst, FBL, van Os, TA, van Leeuwen, FE, Meijers-Heijboer, HEJ, Wijnen, J, Blok, MJ, Kets, M, Hooning, MJ, Oldenburg, RA, Ausems, MGEM, Peock, S, Frost, D, Ellis, SD, Platte, R, Fineberg, E, Evans, DG, Jacobs, C, Eeles, RA, Adlard, J, Davidson, R, Eccles, DM, Cole, T, Cook, J, Paterson, J, Brewer, C, Douglas, F, Hodgson, SV, Morrison, PJ, Walker, L, Porteous, ME, Kennedy, MJ, Side, LE, Bove, B, Godwin, AK, Stoppa-Lyonnet, D, Fassy-Colcombet, M, Castera, L, Cornelis, F, Mazoyer, S, Léoné, M, Boutry-Kryza, N, Bressac-de Paillerets, B, Caron, O, Pujol, P, Coupier, I, Delnatte, C, Akloul, L, Lynch, HT, Snyder, CL, Buys, SS, Daly, MB, Terry, M, Chung, WK, John, EM, Miron, A, Southey, MC, Hopper, JL, Goldgar, DE, Singer, CF, Rappaport, C, Tea, M-KM, Fink-Retter, A, Hansen, TVO, Nielsen, FC, Arason, A, Vijai, J, Shah, S, Sarrel, K, Robson, ME, Piedmonte, M, Phillips, K, Basil, J, Rubinstein, WS, Boggess, J, Wakeley, K, Ewart-Toland, A, Montagna, M, Agata, S, Imyanitov, EN, Isaacs, C, Janavicius, R, Lazaro, C, Blanco, I, Feliubadalo, L, Brunet, J, Gayther, SA, Pharoah, PPD, Odunsi, KO, Karlan, BY, Walsh, CS, Olah, E, Teo, SH, Ganz, PA, Beattie, MS, van Rensburg, EJ, Dorfling, CM, Diez, O, Kwong, A, Schmutzler, RK, Wappenschmidt, B, Engel, C, Meindl, A, Ditsch, N, Arnold, N, Heidemann, S, Niederacher, D, Preisler-Adams, S, Gadzicki, D, Varon-Mateeva, R, Deissler, H, Gehrig, A, Sutter, C, Kast, K, Fiebig, B, Heinritz, W, Caldes, T, de la Hoya, M, Muranen, TA, Nevanlinna, H, Tischkowitz, MD, Spurdle, AB, Neuhausen, SL, Ding, YC, Lindor, NM, Fredericksen, Z, Pankratz, VS, Peterlongo, P, Manoukian, S, Peissel, B, Zaffaroni, D, Barile, M, Bernard, L, Viel, A, Giannini, G, Varesco, L, Radice, P, Greene, MH, Mai, PL, Easton, DF & et al. 2012, 'Common Variants at the 19p13.1 and ZNF365 Loci Are Associated with ER Subtypes of Breast Cancer and Ovarian Cancer Risk in BRCA1 and BRCA2 Mutation Carriers', Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention, vol. 21, no. 4, pp. 645-657.
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Abstract Background: Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) identified variants at 19p13.1 and ZNF365 (10q21.2) as risk factors for breast cancer among BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers, respectively. We explored associations with ovarian cancer and with breast cancer by tumor histopathology for these variants in mutation carriers from the Consortium of Investigators of Modifiers of BRCA1/2 (CIMBA). Methods: Genotyping data for 12,599 BRCA1 and 7,132 BRCA2 mutation carriers from 40 studies were combined. Results: We confirmed associations between rs8170 at 19p13.1 and breast cancer risk for BRCA1 mutation carriers [HR, 1.17; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.07–1.27; P = 7.42 × 10−4] and between rs16917302 at ZNF365 (HR, 0.84; 95% CI, 0.73–0.97; P = 0.017) but not rs311499 at 20q13.3 (HR, 1.11; 95% CI, 0.94–1.31; P = 0.22) and breast cancer risk for BRCA2 mutation carriers. Analyses based on tumor histopathology showed that 19p13 variants were predominantly associated with estrogen receptor (ER)-negative breast cancer for both BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers, whereas rs16917302 at ZNF365 was mainly associated with ER-positive breast cancer for both BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers. We also found for the first time that rs67397200 at 19p13.1 was associated with an increased risk of ovarian cancer for BRCA1 (HR, 1.16; 95% CI, 1.05–1.29; P = 3.8 × 10−4) and BRCA2 mutation carriers (HR, 1.30; 95% CI, 1.10–1.52; P = 1.8 × 10−3). Conclusions: 19p13.1 and ZNF365 are susceptibility loci for ovarian cancer and ER subtypes of breast cancer among BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers. Impact: These findings can lead to an improved understanding of tumor development and may prove useful for breast and ovarian cancer risk prediction for BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarke...
Dolton, MJ, Pont, L, Stevens, G & McLachlan, AJ 2012, 'Prevalence of Potentially Harmful Drug Interactions in Older People in Australian Aged‐Care Facilities', Journal of Pharmacy Practice and Research, vol. 42, no. 1, pp. 33-36.
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ABSTRACTBackgroundOlder people living in aged‐care facilities are prescribed more medications than those living in their own homes. Thus, increasing their risk of potentially harmful drug interactions. Few studies have investigated potential drug interactions in residents of aged‐care facilities.AimTo determine the prevalence of potentially harmful drug interactions in long‐term residents of aged‐care facilities.MethodPotentially harmful drug interactions were investigated using dispensing data from residents of 26 aged‐care facilities who received one or more medications from July 2008 to June 2010. Drug interactions analysed were chosen based on their inclusion at the highest severity rating in at least 3 of 4 international drug information resources. Data were compared to findings from a cohort of Australian veterans.ResultsPotentially harmful drug interactions were identified for 6.1% of the 3876 residents included in the study. A substantially higher incidence than previously reported in Australian veterans (1.5%) and certain overseas populations. Interactions involving warfarin, amiodarone, verapamil, lithium and methotrexate had the highest prevalence in aged‐care residents, and generally a higher prevalence than in the Australian veteran population.ConclusionPotentially harmful drug interactions were more prevalent in aged‐care residents than in an Australian veteran population.
Dolton, MJ, Ray, JE, Chen, SC-A, Ng, K, Pont, L & McLachlan, AJ 2012, 'Multicenter Study of Posaconazole Therapeutic Drug Monitoring: Exposure-Response Relationship and Factors Affecting Concentration', Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, vol. 56, no. 11, pp. 5503-5510.
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ABSTRACT Posaconazole has an important role in the prophylaxis and salvage treatment of invasive fungal infections (IFIs), although poor and variable bioavailability remains an important clinical concern. Therapeutic drug monitoring of posaconazole concentrations has remained contentious, with the use of relatively small patient cohorts in previous studies hindering the assessment of exposure-response relationships. This multicenter retrospective study aimed to investigate relationships between posaconazole concentration and clinical outcomes and adverse events and to assess clinical factors and drug interactions that may affect posaconazole concentrations. Medical records were reviewed for patients who received posaconazole and had ≥1 concentration measured at six hospitals in Australia. Data from 86 patients with 541 posaconazole concentrations were included in the study. Among 72 patients taking posaconazole for prophylaxis against IFIs, 12 patients (17%) developed a breakthrough fungal infection; median posaconazole concentrations were significantly lower than in those who did not develop fungal infection (median [range], 289 [50 to 471] ng/ml versus 485 [0 to 2,035] ng/ml; P < 0.01). The median posaconazole concentration was a significant predictor of breakthrough fungal infection via binary logistic regression ( P < 0.05). A multiple linear regression analysis identified a number of significant drug interactions associated with reduced posaconazole exposure, including coadministration with proton pump inhibitors, metoclopramide, phenytoin or rifampin, and the H 2 antagonist ranitidine ( P < 0.01). Clinical factors such as mucositis, diarrhea, and the early posttransplant period in hematopo...
Dolton, MJ, Ray, JE, Chen, SC-A, Ng, K, Pont, LG & McLachlan, AJ 2012, 'Multicenter Study of Voriconazole Pharmacokinetics and Therapeutic Drug Monitoring', Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, vol. 56, no. 9, pp. 4793-4799.
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ABSTRACT Voriconazole is a first-line agent in the treatment of many invasive fungal infections and is known to display highly variable pharmacokinetics. Previous studies of voriconazole therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) have suggested concentration monitoring to be clinically useful but have been limited by small patient samples at a single institution. This multicenter retrospective study aimed to investigate relationships between voriconazole concentration and clinical outcomes and adverse events and to assess clinical factors and drug interactions that may affect voriconazole concentration. Medical records were reviewed for patients who received voriconazole and had at least 1 concentration measured at seven hospitals in Australia. The study included 201 patients with 783 voriconazole trough concentrations. Voriconazole concentrations of <1.7 mg/liter were associated with a significantly greater incidence of treatment failure (19/74 patients [26%]) than concentrations of ≥1.7 mg/liter (6/89 patients [7%]) ( P < 0.01). Neurotoxic adverse events (visual and auditory hallucinations) occurred more frequently at voriconazole concentrations of >5 mg/liter (10/31 patients [32%]) than at concentrations of ≤5 mg/liter (2/170 patients [1.2%]) ( P < 0.01). Multiple regression analysis of voriconazole concentration identified associations between increasing patient weight, oral administration of voriconazole, and coadministration of phenytoin or rifampin and significantly reduced concentrations, and associations between increasing patient age and coadministration of proton pump inhibitors and increased concentrations. Coadministration of glucocorticoids was found to significantly reduce voriconazole concentrations, inferring a previously unreported drug interaction between glucocorticoids and v...
Eickhoff, C, Hämmerlein, A, Griese, N & Schulz, M 2012, 'Nature and frequency of drug‐related problems in self‐medication (over‐the‐counter drugs) in daily community pharmacy practice in Germany', Pharmacoepidemiology and Drug Safety, vol. 21, no. 3, pp. 254-260.
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ABSTRACTPurposeTo quantify drug‐related problems (DRPs) in self‐medication (over‐the‐counter [OTC] drug use) identified by community pharmacists (CPs) in Germany at the time the drug is dispensed.MethodsOne hundred CPs were asked to document 100 consecutive customers presenting symptoms or requesting OTC drugs using a standardized documentation form. The number of 10 000 encounters seemed reasonable to evaluate the set objective. For each encounter, data such as age, sex, and first or repeated request and the availability of a patient file in the pharmacy including drug history were documented. Furthermore, identified DRPs, problem descriptions, and solutions were documented. Data were transcribed electronically, coded, checked for validity, and analyzed.ResultsIn total, 109 CPs documented 12 567 encounters identifying DRPs in 17.6% of all cases. Four indications comprised more than 70% of all DRPs: pain, respiratory, gastrointestinal, and skin disorders. Four DRPs were responsible for almost 75% of all DRPs identified: self‐medication inappropriate (29.7%), requested product inappropriate (20.5%), intended duration of drug use too high including abuse (17.1%), and wrong dosage (6.8%). If a drug history was available, significantly more cases with wrong dosage (p < 0.05) and drug–drug interactions (p < 0.001) were detected.All patients with identified DRPs were counseled accordingly. Furthermore, the most frequent interventions were referral to a physician (39.5%) and switching to a more appropriate drug (28.1%).ConclusionsIn nearly one of five encounters, a direct pharmacist–patient interaction about self‐medication revealed...
Erickson, S, Block, S, Menzies, R, Onslow, M, O'Brian, S & Packman, A 2012, 'Stand-alone Internet speech restructuring treatment for adults who stutter: A pilot study', Journal of Clinical Practice in Speech-Language Pathology, vol. 14, no. 3, pp. 118-123.
Feldt, S, Schüssel, K, Quinzler, R, Franzmann, A, Czeche, S, Ludwig, W-D & Schulz, M 2012, 'Incidence of thyroid hormone therapy in patients treated with sunitinib or sorafenib: A cohort study', European Journal of Cancer, vol. 48, no. 7, pp. 974-981.
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Ferreira, ML, Herbert, RD, Crowther, MJ, Verhagen, A & Sutton, AJ 2012, 'When is a further clinical trial justified?', BMJ, vol. 345, no. sep13 1, pp. e5913-e5913.
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Fonseca, DJ, Ojeda, D, Lakhal, B, Braham, R, Eggers, S, Turbitt, E, White, S, Grover, S, Warne, G, Zacharin, M, Nevin Lam, A, Landolsi, H, Elghezal, H, Saâd, A, Restrepo, CM, Fellous, M, Sinclair, A, Koopman, P & Laissue, P 2012, 'CITED2 mutations potentially cause idiopathic premature ovarian failure', Translational Research, vol. 160, no. 5, pp. 384-388.
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French, AN, O'Donoghue, L, Morgan, IG, Saunders, KJ, Mitchell, P & Rose, KA 2012, 'Comparison of Refraction and Ocular Biometry in European Caucasian Children Living in Northern Ireland and Sydney, Australia', INVESTIGATIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY & VISUAL SCIENCE, vol. 53, no. 7, pp. 4021-4031.
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PURPOSE: To compare refraction and ocular biometry in European Caucasian children aged 6 to 7 years and 12 to 13 years, living in Sydney, Australia, and Northern Ireland. METHODS: All children had a comprehensive eye examination, including cycloplegic (cyclopentolate 1%) autorefraction and ocular biometry. Hyperopia was defined as a right spherical equivalent refraction (SER) of ≥+2.00 diopters (D), myopia as ≤-0.50 D, and astigmatism as a cylindrical error of ≥1.00 D. RESULTS: The mean SER was similar at age 6 to 7 years (P = 0.9); however, at 12 to 13 years, children in Northern Ireland had a significantly less hyperopic mean SER (+0.66 D) than children in Sydney (+0.83 D, P = 0.008). The prevalence of myopia, hyperopia, and astigmatism was significantly greater in Northern Ireland than Sydney at both ages (all P < 0.03). The distribution of refraction was highly leptokurtic in both samples, but less so in Northern Ireland (kurtosis: 6-7 years of age, 7.2; 12-13 years of age, 5.9) than Sydney (kurtosis: 6-7 years of age, 15.0; 12-13 years of age, 19.5). CONCLUSIONS: European Caucasian children in Northern Ireland have a greater prevalence of myopia, hyperopia, and astigmatism when compared to children living in Sydney. Risk factors for myopia such as parental myopia, parental education, and educational standards do not appear to explain the differences. Further work on levels of near work and time spent outdoors is required.
García-Cárdenas, V, Gastelurrutia, MA, Benrimoj, SI, Martínez-Martínez, F & Faus, MJ 2012, 'Factors affecting community pharmacists' participation in a Pharmaceutical care service for asthmatic patients', Pharmaceutical Care Espana, vol. 14, no. 1, pp. 19-27.
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Objective: Identify trough the PRECEDE model those factors predisposing, reinforcing and enabling the participation of a group of pharmacists in the AFasma project. Methods: Qualitative study through semi-structured interviews and participant observation of the pharmacists included in the intervention group of the AFasma project. Results: Predisposing factors motivating the pharmacist were: asthma training, professional satisfaction, patient loyalty and increase pharmacy value. Those desmotivating were: lack of time, lack of physician-pharmacist collaborative working relationship, lack of staff and marketing and diffi culties in offering the service. Facilitating factors were: pharmacist-patient communication skills, ability to complete data forms, correct inhaler technique and payment for the service. In contrast, there was a lack of skills to offer the service to the patient, lack of a patient counseling area, doubts with the inhaler technique assessment and asthma non-pharmacological advice, and pharmacy staff not working as a team. Reinforcing factors supporting the service were: professional and personal satisfaction, improvement of the pharmacist-patient relationship, pharmacology training. The reinforcing factor against the service was the time spent during the project. Conclusions: Using the PRECEDE model we were able to identify the factors predisposing, facilitating and enabling the participation of a group of pharmacist in the AFasma project. With the factors identifi ed a number of strategies could be developed in order to support further studies and facilitate a potential implementation of the service. ©2012 Ediciones Mayo, S.A. All rights reserved.
Garcia-Cardenas, V, Sabater-Hernandez, D, Garcia-Corpas, JP, Faus, MJ, Martinez-Martinez, F & Benrimoj, SI 2012, 'Errors in Turbuhaler Technique in a Spanish Population of Asthmatic Patients', RESPIRATORY CARE, vol. 57, no. 5, pp. 817-818.
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Garcia-Cardenas, V, Sabater-Hernandez, D, Jose Faus, M, Martinez-Martinez, F & Benrimoj, SI 2012, 'Is the Inhaler Technique Associated with Asthma Control?', JOURNAL OF ASTHMA, vol. 49, no. 2, pp. 170-171.
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Golzan, SM, Avolio, A & Graham, SL 2012, 'Hemodynamic Interactions in the Eye: A Review', Ophthalmologica, vol. 228, no. 4, pp. 214-221.
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The ocular circulation provides readily visible information about the state of the systemic circulation, as well as being potentially of relevance to the pathogenesis of ocular disorders such as glaucoma. The interaction between intraocular pressure, retinal vessels and cerebrospinal fluid pressure located at the retrolaminar portion of the eye has been of great interest for both ophthalmic and neurological clinicians and researchers. Understanding the relationship between these physiological parameters can explain phenomena such as spontaneous retinal venous pulsatility, and characterize the effects of the translaminar pressure gradient. It may be feasible to use measurable changes in venous pulsatility to enhance clinical assessment in different diseases. In this article we review recent findings on ocular hemodynamics and the relevance of these parameters in the diagnosis of ophthalmic and neurological diseases.
Golzan, SM, Kim, MO, Seddighi, AS, Avolio, A & Graham, SL 2012, 'Non-invasive Estimation of Cerebrospinal Fluid Pressure Waveforms by Means of Retinal Venous Pulsatility and Central Aortic Blood Pressure', Annals of Biomedical Engineering, vol. 40, no. 9, pp. 1940-1948.
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Grohn, B, Worrall, LE, Simmons-Mackie, N & Brown, K 2012, 'The first 3-months post-stroke: What facilitates successfully living with aphasia?', International Journal of Speech-Language Pathology, vol. 14, no. 4, pp. 390-400.
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Haghi, M, Salama, R, Traini, D, Bebawy, M & Young, PM 2012, 'Modification of Disodium Cromoglycate Passage Across Lung Epithelium In Vitro Via Incorporation into Polymeric Microparticles', AAPS JOURNAL, vol. 14, no. 1, pp. 79-86.
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Two microparticle systems containing disodium cromoglycate (DSCG) alone or with polyvinyl alcohol (DSCG/PVA) were produced via spray drying and compared in terms of their physicochemical characteristics, aerosol performance and drug uptake across a pulmonary epithelial cell line (Calu-3), cultured under air interface conditions. The particle size distribution of DSCG and DSCG/PVA were similar, of spherical geometry, amorphous and suitable for inhalation purposes. Aerosolisation studies using a modified twin-stage impinger showed the DSCG/PVA to have greater aerosol performance than that of DSCG alone. Aerosol particles of DSCG and DSCG/PVA were deposited onto the surface of the Calu-3 air interface epithelium monolayer and the drug uptake from apical to basal directions measured over time. Drug uptake was measured across a range of doses to allow comparison of equivalent drug and powder mass deposition. Analysis of the data indicated that the percentage cumulative drug uptake was independent of the mass of powder deposited, but dependent on the formulation. Specifically, with the formulation containing DSCG, the diffusion rate was observed to change with respect to time (indicative of a concentration-dependent diffusion process), whilst DSCG/PVA showed a time-independent drug uptake (suggesting a zero-order depot release). © 2011 American Association of Pharmaceutical Scientists.
Haghi, M, Traini, D, Bebawy, M & Young, PM 2012, 'Deposition, Diffusion and Transport Mechanism of Dry Powder Microparticulate Salbutamol, at the Respiratory Epithelia', MOLECULAR PHARMACEUTICS, vol. 9, no. 6, pp. 1717-1726.
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The deposition, dissolution and transport of salbutamol base (SB) and salbutamol sulfate (SS) inhalation powders were investigated using the Calu-3 air interface cell culture model and Franz diffusion cell. Drug uptake by cells was studied with respect to deposited dose, drug solubility and hydrophobicity. Furthermore, the role of active transport via organic cationic transporters (OCTs) was studied. SB and SS were processed to have similar diameters (3.09 ± 0.06 μm and 3.07 ± 0.03 μm, respectively) and were crystalline in nature. Analysis of drug wetting, dissolution and diffusion using a conventional in vitro Franz cell (incorporating a cell culture support Transwell polyester membrane) showed diffusion of SB to be slower than that of SS (98.57 ± 4.23 μg after 4 h for SB compared to 98.57 ± 4.01 μg after 15 min for SS). Such observations suggest dissolution to be the rate-limiting step. In comparison, the percentage transfer rate using the air interface Calu-3 cell model suggested SB transport to be significantly faster than SS transport (92.02 ± 4.47 μg of SB compared to 63.76 ± 8.84 μg of SS transported over 4 h), indicating that passive diffusion through the cell plays a role in transport. Furthermore, analysis of SB and SS transport, over a range of deposited doses, suggested the transport rate in the Franz diffusion cell to be limited by wetting of the particle and dissolution into the medium. However, for the cell monolayer, the cell membrane properties regulate the diffusion and transport rate. Analysis of the drug transport in the presence of triethylamine (TEA), a known inhibitor of OCTs, resulted in a significant decrease in drug transport, suggesting an active transport mechanism. The presence of OCTs in this cell line was further validated by Western blot analysis. Finally, the transport of SS from a commercial product (Ventolin Rotacaps) was studied and showed good agreement with the model SS system studied here. © 2012 American Chemical Society.
Hall, A, Grohn, B, Nalder, E, Worrall, L & Fleming, J 2012, 'A Mixed Methods Study of the Experience of Transition to the Community of Working-Aged People with Non-Traumatic Brain Injury', Brain Impairment, vol. 13, no. 1, pp. 85-98.
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Background and aims: The ‘transition’ phase from hospital to home following brain injury is well established as a critical period of adjustment for individuals and their families. There is, however, a lack of knowledge about the experience of transition following nontraumatic brain injury (e.g., stroke, aneurysm) for individuals of working age. The purpose of this study was to explore the transition experiences of individuals with nontraumatic brain injury using mixed methods approach.Methods: Six individuals with nontraumatic brain injury were recruited from a larger study using maximum variation sampling criteria. Individuals participated in semistructured interviews at 6-months postdischarge and completed quantitative measures of psychosocial outcomes predischarge and at 6-months postdischarge. Results: Qualitative content analysis of interviews identified three themes: (1) changes in role performance, (2) support and services and (3) coping with life after brain injury. The transition experience was characterised by loss of valued roles including driving and work, identified as major barriers to regaining independence postdischarge. Informal support provided by family and friends were relied on, while formal supports were accessed infrequently. Life post-injury presented a number of challenges including adjusting to changes in physical and cognitive abilities and a fear of reinjury. Qualitative data were supported by an overall trend of improved functioning on the quantitative measures over the 6 months.Conclusions: Key life circumstances of working age adults with nontraumatic brain injury influence the transition experience. Clinically, the findings support the need for individualised, structured transition services pre- and postdischarge for this group.
Hammill, BG, Curtis, LH & Setoguchi, S 2012, 'Performance of propensity score methods when comparison groups originate from different data sources', Pharmacoepidemiology and Drug Safety, vol. 21, no. S2, pp. 81-89.
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ABSTRACTPurposeTo examine the performance of propensity score‐based methods for estimating relative risks when exposed and comparison subjects are selected from different data sources.MethodsWe conducted Monte Carlo simulations to assess the performance of propensity score methods under various scenarios in which exposed and comparison subjects were selected from different data sources for a comparative effectiveness study of a medical device.ResultsThe use of propensity score methods in our simulated data scenarios often yielded estimates of relative risk that were close to the true effect, unless the comparison group differed from the exposed group systematically on a factor associated with the outcome. This situation caused severe bias regardless of which method was used but could be overcome if the exposed group could be restricted similarly to the comparison group. Mean square error of relative risk estimates was lowest for similarly restricted study groups and when the comparison group could be considered a random sample of the source population that generated the exposed group.ConclusionsWhen exposed and comparison groups originated from different data sources, all propensity score methods yielded relatively unbiased and consistent estimates of relative risk in most situations reflected in our simulation study. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Helgadóttir, FD, Menzies, RG & Einstein, DA 2012, 'Magical thinking and obsessive–compulsive symptoms in Australia and Iceland: A cross-cultural comparison', Journal of Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders, vol. 1, no. 3, pp. 216-219.
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A unique relationship between obsessive-compulsive symptoms and magical thinking has previously been discovered in both Australian undergraduate samples and a clinical sample. The aim of this paper is to explore the cultural dependency of this relationship. Icelandic culture was selected due to evidence of an elevated belief in telepathy and the paranormal. An Icelandic undergraduate sample was gender and age matched to an Australian sample from the Einstein and Menzies study (2004b). Results indicate that the Icelandic sample had significantly higher magical thinking, superstitious thinking, obsessive-compulsive symptoms, but was not significantly different for superstitious behaviour and the TAF-Likelihood questionnaires. In a forced simultaneous regression with obsessive-compulsive symptoms as the dependent variable, only two subscales of the DASS, stress and anxiety, as well as magical thinking continued to be correlated with obsessive-compulsive symptoms. In conclusion, magical thinking is a core construct in obsessive-compulsive symptomatology, and this relationship appears to cross cultural boundaries. In particular, a sample of Icelanders with higher levels of magical thinking also demonstrated higher levels of obsessive-compulsive symptoms. © 2012 Elsevier Ltd.
Hemsley, B 2012, 'Adults with aphasia value their involvement in teaching nursing assistant students about aphasia and communication', Evidence-Based Communication Assessment and Intervention, vol. 6, no. 2, pp. 104-107.
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This review provides a summary and appraisal commentary on the treatment review by Welsh, B. D., & Szabo, G. B. (2011). Teaching nursing assistant students about aphasia and communication. Seminars in Speech and Language, 32, 243-255. Source of funding and disclosure of interest: The author is funded by an Australian NHMRC Postdoctoral Fellowship. No conflicts of interest reported by the original authors of this research report. © 2012 Copyright Taylor and Francis Group, LLC.
Hemsley, B 2012, 'Book Review Editor: Rachel Mayes', Journal of Intellectual & Developmental Disability, vol. 37, no. 4, pp. 375-375.
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Hemsley, B, Balandin, S & Worrall, L 2012, 'Nursing the patient with complex communication needs: time as a barrier and a facilitator to successful communication in hospital', Journal of Advanced Nursing, vol. 68, no. 1, pp. 116-126.
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hemsley b., balandin s. & worrall l. (2012) Nursing the patient with complex communication needs: time as a barrier and a facilitator to successful communication in hospital. Journal of Advanced Nursing68(1), 116–126.AbstractBackground. Effective nurse–patient communication is an essential aspect of health care. Time to communicate, however, is limited and subject to workload demands. Little is known about how nurses manage this ‘lack of time’ when caring for patients with developmental disability and complex communication needs, who typically communicate at a slow rate.Aim. The aim of this study was to investigate nurses’ expressed concepts of ‘time’ in stories about communicating with patients with developmental disability and complex communication needs in hospital.Method. In 2009, 15 hospital nurses from a range of wards in two metropolitan hospitals participated in interviews about barriers to and strategies for successful communication with patients with developmental disability and complex communication needs in hospital. The data were analysed using narrative inquiry methodology and the stories verified with the participants.Results. Nurses identified ‘time’ as a barrier and a facilitator to successful communication. Time as a barrier was related thematically to avoiding direct communication and preferring that family or paid carers communicated on behalf of the patient. Time as a facilitator was related to valuing communication, investing extra time, and to applying a range of adaptive communication strategies to establish successful communication.Conclusions. Time is perceived by nurses as both...
Henschke, N, Kuijpers, T, Rubinstein, SM, van Middelkoop, M, Ostelo, R, Verhagen, A, Koes, BW & van Tulder, MW 2012, 'Trends over time in the size and quality of randomised controlled trials of interventions for chronic low-back pain', European Spine Journal, vol. 21, no. 3, pp. 375-381.
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Hersmus, R, Stoop, H, Turbitt, E, Oosterhuis, JW, Drop, SLS, Sinclair, AH, White, SJ & Looijenga, LHJ 2012, 'SRY mutation analysis by next generation (deep) sequencing in a cohort of chromosomal Disorders of Sex Development (DSD) patients with a mosaic karyotype', BMC Medical Genetics, vol. 13, no. 1.
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Abstract Background The presence of the Y-chromosome or Y chromosome-derived material is seen in 4-60% of Turner syndrome patients (Chromosomal Disorders of Sex Development (DSD)). DSD patients with specific Y-chromosomal material in their karyotype, the GonadoBlastoma on the Y-chromosome (GBY) region, have an increased risk of developing type II germ cell tumors/cancer (GCC), most likely related to TSPY. The Sex determining Region on the Y gene (SRY) is located on the short arm of the Y-chromosome and is the crucial switch that initiates testis determination and subsequent male development. Mutations in this gene are responsible for sex reversal in approximately 10-15% of 46,XY pure gonadal dysgenesis (46,XY DSD) cases. The majority of the mutations described are located in the central HMG domain, which is involved in the binding and bending of the DNA and harbors two nuclear localization signals. SRY mutations have also been found in a small number of patients with a 45,X/46,XY karyotype and might play a role in the maldevelopment of the gonads. Methods To thoroughly investigate the presence of possible SRY gene mutations in mosaic DSD patients, we performed next generation (deep) sequencing on the genomic DNA of fourteen independent patients (twelve 45,X/46,XY, one 45,X/46,XX/46,XY, and one 46,XX/46,XY). Results and conclusions The results demonstrate that aberrations in SRY are rare in mosaic DSD patients and therefore do not play a significant role in the etiology of the disease.
Hodge, C, Bali, SJ, Lawless, M, Chan, C, Roberts, T, Ng, D, Chen, S, Hughes, P & Sutton, G 2012, 'Femtosecond cataract surgery: A review of current literature and the experience from an initial installation', Saudi Journal of Ophthalmology, vol. 26, no. 1, pp. 73-78.
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Cataract surgery remains the most widely performed intraocular procedure throughout the world. Safety and accuracy of the procedure are paramount and techniques should remain under constant review. Recently, the introduction of the femtosecond laser to assist cataract surgery has provided ophthalmologists with an exciting tool that may further improve outcomes. We review the existing literature and discuss the installation and initial experience of a femtosecond laser into our practice. © 2012 Saudi Ophthalmological Society, King Saud University.
Hohmann, C, Eickhoff, C, Kaemmerer, W & Schulz, M 2012, 'Compliance With Antithrombotic Guidelines in Surgery Patients in German Hospitals', Clinical and Applied Thrombosis/Hemostasis, vol. 18, no. 3, pp. 299-304.
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Despite the existence of antithrombotic guidelines, there is low compliance with these guidelines in clinical practice. Until now pharmacy interns (PIs) have not been involved in this process. The objectives were to involve PIs to evaluate compliance with antithrombotic guidelines for VTE prophylaxis in surgery patients, and in cases of noncompliance to carry out pharmaceutical interventions. The study was conducted in 7 hospitals in Germany involving 27 PIs within the project “Pharmacy interns on the ward” (P-STAT 2). Pharmacy interns determined the thromboembolic risk, documented antithrombotic medication, and checked the compliance with current antithrombotic guidelines. A total of 6491 patients were enrolled; 5695 patients received antithrombotic prophylaxis. Antithrombotic guideline was followed in 77.5% patients. Many patients are not receiving appropriate VTE prophylaxis or heparin bridging regimen despite the fact that evidence-based antithrombotic guidelines are available. Pharmacy interns may play an important role in antithrombotic management.
Hohmann, C, Eickhoff, C, Klotz, JM, Schulz, M & Radziwill, R 2012, 'Development of a classification system for drug-related problems in the hospital setting (APS-Doc) and assessment of the inter-rater reliability', Journal of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics, vol. 37, no. 3, pp. 276-281.
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Hohmann, C, Eickhoff, C, Radziwill, R & Schulz, M 2012, 'Adherence to guidelines for antibiotic prophylaxis in surgery patients in German hospitals: a multicentre evaluation involving pharmacy interns', Infection, vol. 40, no. 2, pp. 131-137.
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Jacobs, WCH, Arts, MP, van Tulder, MW, Rubinstein, SM, van Middelkoop, M, Ostelo, RW, Verhagen, AP, Koes, BW & Peul, WC 2012, 'Surgical techniques for sciatica due to herniated disc, a systematic review', European Spine Journal, vol. 21, no. 11, pp. 2232-2251.
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Jakubowska, A, Rozkrut, D, Antoniou, A, Hamann, U, Scott, RJ, McGuffog, L, Healy, S, Sinilnikova, OM, Rennert, G, Lejbkowicz, F, Flugelman, A, Andrulis, IL, Glendon, G, Ozcelik, H, Thomassen, M, Paligo, M, Aretini, P, Kantala, J, Aroer, B, von Wachenfeldt, A, Liljegren, A, Loman, N, Herbst, K, Kristoffersson, U, Rosenquist, R, Karlsson, P, Stenmark-Askmalm, M, Melin, B, Nathanson, KL, Domchek, SM, Byrski, T, Huzarski, T, Gronwald, J, Menkiszak, J, Cybulski, C, Serrano, P, Osorio, A, Cajal, TR, Tsitlaidou, M, Benítez, J, Gilbert, M, Rookus, M, Aalfs, CM, Kluijt, I, Boessenkool-Pape, JL, Meijers-Heijboer, HEJ, Oosterwijk, JC, van Asperen, CJ, Blok, MJ, Nelen, MR, van den Ouweland, AMW, Seynaeve, C, van der Luijt, RB, Devilee, P, Easton, DF, Peock, S, Frost, D, Platte, R, Ellis, SD, Fineberg, E, Evans, DG, Lalloo, F, Eeles, R, Jacobs, C, Adlard, J, Davidson, R, Eccles, D, Cole, T, Cook, J, Godwin, A, Bove, B, Stoppa-Lyonnet, D, Caux-Moncoutier, V, Belotti, M, Tirapo, C, Mazoyer, S, Barjhoux, L, Boutry-Kryza, N, Pujol, P, Coupier, I, Peyrat, J-P, Vennin, P, Muller, D, Fricker, J-P, Venat-Bouvet, L, Johannsson, OT, Isaacs, C, Schmutzler, R, Wappenschmidt, B, Meindl, A, Arnold, N, Varon-Mateeva, R, Niederacher, D, Sutter, C, Deissler, H, Preisler-Adams, S, Simard, J, Soucy, P, Durocher, F, Chenevix-Trench, G, Beesley, J, Chen, X, Rebbeck, T, Couch, F, Wang, X, Lindor, N, Fredericksen, Z, Pankratz, VS, Peterlongo, P, Bonanni, B, Fortuzzi, S, Peissel, B, Szabo, C, Mai, PL, Loud, JT & Lubinski, J 2012, 'Association of PHB 1630 C>T and MTHFR 677 C>T polymorphisms with breast and ovarian cancer risk in BRCA1/2 mutation carriers: results from a multicenter study', British Journal of Cancer, vol. 106, no. 12, pp. 2016-2024.
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Jones, MK, Wootton, BM & Vaccaro, LD 2012, 'The Efficacy of Exposure and Response Prevention for Geriatric Obsessive Compulsive Disorder: A Clinical Case Illustration', Case Reports in Psychiatry, vol. 2012, pp. 1-5.
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Obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) is one of the most frequently occurring psychiatric conditions in older adults. While exposure and response prevention (ERP) is considered the most effective psychological treatment for children and adults with OCD, research investigating its effectiveness for older adults is scarce. This clinical case study investigates the effectiveness of ERP in an 80-year-old man with a 65-year history of OCD. The client received 14 individual, 50-minute ERP treatment sessions. Clinician-based Y-BOCS scores reduced by 65% from 20 (moderate) at pretreatment to 7 (subclinical) at 7-month posttreatment followup. OCI-R total scores reduced by 45% from 38 at baseline to 21 at 7-month follow-up. Despite his long history of the disorder, ERP was effective and well tolerated. The application of ERP for older adults with OCD, including age-specific modifications that may be required for this treatment approach, is discussed.
Jones, MK, Wootton, BM, Vaccaro, LD & Menzies, RG 2012, 'The impact of climate change on obsessive compulsive checking concerns', Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry, vol. 46, no. 3, pp. 265-270.
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Objective: To investigate whether climate change has impacted on the nature of the obsessions or compulsions experienced by patients with obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD). Methods: The sample comprised 50 patients with OCD checking subtype who had presented at the Anxiety Disorders Clinic at The University of Sydney seeking treatment during the period March 2008 to November 2009. Details of the type of obsessions and compulsions directly related to climate change phenomena were identified. Results: Fourteen of the 50 participants (28%) were identified as having OCD concerns directly related to climate change. The most frequent concerns involved electricity, water and gas wastage. Less frequent concerns included pets dying of thirst and one participant was concerned about house damage due to floors cracking, pipes leaking; roof problems and white ant activity. Compulsions included checking and rechecking pet water bowls, light switches, taps, stoves, skirting boards, pipes, roofs and wooden structures. While these behaviours are not particularly unusual for people with this condition, it was the rationale they provided for carrying them out that was surprising. Instead of checking and rechecking so as to prevent fire or flood, the rituals were specifically performed so as to reduce their global footprint, or respond to climate change-induced negative events. Conclusions: Our findings demonstrate that the types of obsessions and compulsions experienced by 28% of our sample were directly aligned with the current issue of climate change and the perceived dangers associated with this phenomenon. To our knowledge this represents the first documentation of the significant impact of climate change on the nature of the concerns experienced by people with OCD checking subtype. We suggest that mental health professionals need to be aware of, and assess for the presence of such concerns.
Jorm, LR, Shepherd, LC, Rogers, KD & Blyth, FM 2012, 'Smoking and use of primary care services: findings from a population-based cohort study linked with administrative claims data', BMC Health Services Research, vol. 12, no. 1.
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Background: Available evidence suggests that smokers have a lower propensity than others to use primary care services. But previous studies have incorporated only limited adjustment for confounding and mediating factors such as income, access to services and health status. We used data from a large prospective cohort study (the 45 and Up Study), linked to administrative claims data, to quantify the relationship between smoking status and use of primary care services, including specific preventive services, in a contemporary Australian population. Methods. Baseline questionnaire data from the 45 and Up Study were linked to administrative claims (Medicare) data for the 12-month period following study entry. The main outcome measures were Medicare benefit claimed for unreferred services, out-of-pocket costs (OOPC) paid, and claims for specific preventive services (immunisations, health assessments, chronic disease management services, PSA tests and Pap smears). Rate ratios with 95% confidence intervals were estimated using a hierarchical series of models, adjusted for predisposing, access- and health-related factors. Separate hurdle (two part) regression models were constructed for Medicare benefit and OOPC. Poisson models with robust error variance were used to model use of each specific preventive service. Results: Participants included 254,382 people aged 45years and over of whom 7.3% were current smokers. After adjustment for predisposing, access- and health-related factors, current smokers were very slightly less likely to have claimed Medicare benefit than never smokers. Among those who claimed benefit, current smokers claimed similar total benefit, but recent quitters claimed significantly greater benefit, compared to never-smokers. Current smokers were around 10% less likely than never smokers to have paid any OOPC. Current smokers were 15-20% less likely than never smokers to use immunisations, Pap smears and prostate specific antigen tests. Conclusions: Cu...
Kefalianos, E, Onslow, M, Block, S, Menzies, R & Reilly, S 2012, 'Early stuttering, temperament and anxiety: Two hypotheses', Journal of Fluency Disorders, vol. 37, no. 3, pp. 151-163.
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Purpose: The topic of temperament and early stuttering and the extent to which it involves anxiety is theoretically and clinically relevant. The topic can contribute to theory development and clinical practices with early stuttering. Method: We present a review of the empirical literature for this area with a view to determining which of two hypotheses might be true. The first is that, for the population of those who stutter, unusual temperament is a causal factor for the development of the disorder and its later association with anxiety. The second hypothesis is that for the population of those who stutter the developmental manifestation of anxiety is an effect of stuttering. Both hypotheses attempt to account for the well-known association of anxiety with chronic stuttering. Results: A firm conclusion about the matter would be premature at present because the literature involved is limited and contains some inconsistencies. We suggest some quantitative and qualitative directions for future research. We argue also that the only way to resolve the matter is with longitudinal studies of cohorts ascertained prior to stuttering onset. Conclusion: Conclusive findings about the matter can only emerge when research extends beyond its modest scope of 10 interpretable publications.Educational objectives: The reader will be able to: (a) describe temperament and the role it plays during anxiety development, (b) explain two alternative hypotheses which implicate temperament in early childhood stuttering; (c) describe current knowledge regarding temperament similarities and differences between stuttering and control children, and (d) discuss the theoretical and clinical implications of understand the relationship between temperament, anxiety and early stuttering.
King, AG, Cooke, GM, Johnson, RN & Major, RE 2012, 'Development and multiplex genotyping of eighteen novel microsatellite markers for a threatened saltmarsh bird Epthianura albifrons (Meliphagidae)', Conservation Genetics Resources, vol. 4, no. 4, pp. 893-896.
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Kirchhoff, T, Gaudet, MM, Antoniou, AC, McGuffog, L, Humphreys, MK, Dunning, AM, Bojesen, SE, Nordestgaard, BG, Flyger, H, Kang, D, Yoo, K-Y, Noh, D-Y, Ahn, S-H, Dork, T, Schürmann, P, Karstens, JH, Hillemanns, P, Couch, FJ, Olson, J, Vachon, C, Wang, X, Cox, A, Brock, I, Elliott, G, Reed, MWR, Burwinkel, B, Meindl, A, Brauch, H, Hamann, U, Ko, Y-D, Broeks, A, Schmidt, MK, Van ‘t Veer, LJ, Braaf, LM, Johnson, N, Fletcher, O, Gibson, L, Peto, J, Turnbull, C, Seal, S, Renwick, A, Rahman, N, Wu, P-E, Yu, J-C, Hsiung, C-N, Shen, C-Y, Southey, MC, Hopper, JL, Hammet, F, Van Dorpe, T, Dieudonne, A-S, Hatse, S, Lambrechts, D, Andrulis, IL, Bogdanova, N, Antonenkova, N, Rogov, JI, Prokofieva, D, Bermisheva, M, Khusnutdinova, E, van Asperen, CJ, Tollenaar, RAEM, Hooning, MJ, Devilee, P, Margolin, S, Lindblom, A, Milne, RL, Arias, JI, Zamora, MP, Benítez, J, Severi, G, Baglietto, L, Giles, GG, kConFab, Group, AOCSS, Spurdle, AB, Beesley, J, Chen, X, Holland, H, Healey, S, Wang-Gohrke, S, Chang-Claude, J, Mannermaa, A, Kosma, V-M, Kauppinen, J, Kataja, V, Agnarsson, BA, Caligo, MA, Godwin, AK, Nevanlinna, H, Heikkinen, T, Fredericksen, Z, Lindor, N, Nathanson, KL, Domchek, SM, SWE-BRCA, Loman, N, Karlsson, P, Askmalm, MS, Melin, B, von Wachenfeldt, A, HEBON, Hogervorst, FBL, Verheus, M, Rookus, MA, Seynaeve, C, Oldenburg, RA, Ligtenberg, MJ, Ausems, MGEM, Aalfs, CM, Gille, HJP, Wijnen, JT, Gómez García, EB, EMBRACE, Peock, S, Cook, M, Oliver, CT, Frost, D, Luccarini, C, Pichert, G, Davidson, R, Chu, C, Eccles, D, Ong, K-R, Cook, J, Douglas, F, Hodgson, S, Evans, DG, Eeles, R, Gold, B, Pharoah, PDP, Offit, K, Chenevix-Trench, G & Easton, DF 2012, 'Breast Cancer Risk and 6q22.33: Combined Results from Breast Cancer Association Consortium and Consortium of Investigators on Modifiers of BRCA1/2', PLoS ONE, vol. 7, no. 6, pp. e35706-e35706.
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Kneebone, II, Hull, SL, McGurk, R & Cropley, M 2012, 'Reliability and Validity of the Neurorehabilitation Experience Questionnaire for Inpatients', Neurorehabilitation and Neural Repair, vol. 26, no. 7, pp. 834-841.
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Background. Patient-centered measures of the inpatient neurorehabilitation experience are needed to assess services. Objective. The objective of this study was to develop a valid and reliable Neurorehabilitation Experience Questionnaire (NREQ) to assess whether neurorehabilitation inpatients experience service elements important to them. Methods. Based on the themes established in prior qualitative research, adopting questions from established inventories and using a literature review, a draft version of the NREQ was generated. Focus groups and interviews were conducted with 9 patients and 26 staff from neurological rehabilitation units to establish face validity. Then, 70 patients were recruited to complete the NREQ to ascertain reliability (internal and test-retest) and concurrent validity. Results. On the basis of the face validity testing, several modifications were made to the draft version of the NREQ. Subsequently, internal reliability (time 1 α = .76, time 2 α = .80), test retest reliability ( r = 0.70), and concurrent validity ( r = 0.32 and r = 0.56) were established for the revised version. Whereas responses were associated with positive mood ( r = 0.30), they appeared not to be influenced by negative mood, age, education, length of stay, sex, functional independence, or whether a participant had been a patient on a unit previously. Conclusions. Preliminary validation of the NREQ suggests promise for use with its target population.
Kneebone, II, Neffgen, LM & Pettyfer, SL 2012, 'Screening for depression and anxiety after stroke: developing protocols for use in the community', Disability and Rehabilitation, vol. 34, no. 13, pp. 1114-1120.
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Purpose: To develop screening protocols to detect depression and anxiety after stroke in a community setting and train therapists to administer them. Method: Psychologists and a community therapist met to design a system suitable for screening for anxiety and depression in all those with stroke, including people with cognitive and/or communication problems. Other therapists and a local user group were also consulted. Therapists were then trained in the use of the protocols. The ability to enact the protocols was assessed via case vignettes and staff experience, over a month-long trial. Results: It was considered appropriate for community therapists to screen patients and to do this within 4 weeks of first contact. Two protocols were designed, one for patients without significant communication/cognitive deficits and one for patients with these difficulties. Therapists applied the protocols with accuracy to the case vignettes and rated the training highly. No challenges in applying the protocols in the clinical setting were reported over an initial 1-month trial. Conclusion: Two protocols to screen for depression and anxiety after stroke have been developed. These appear feasible for use when trialled via case vignette and in clinical practice. Further research might consider the usefulness of the screens in detecting actual clinical disorder and developing better screens to identify anxiety after stroke, particularly in those with a cognitive and/or communication disorder. Implications for Rehabilitation Depression and anxiety are common after stroke and likely affect rehabilitation outcomes. These problems can be identified via screening protocols that include measures appropriate for use with those patients having significant cognitive and/or communication disabilities. Rehabilitation therapists can enact these protocols. © 2012 Informa UK, Ltd.
Koning, S, van der Sande, R, Verhagen, AP, van Suijlekom-Smit, LWA, Morris, AD, Butler, CC, Berger, M & van der Wouden, JC 2012, 'Interventions for impetigo', Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, vol. 2015, no. 6.
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Koning, S, van der Sande, R, Verhagen, AP, van Suijlekom-Smit, LWA, Morris, AD, Butler, CC, Berger, M & van der Wouden, JC 2012, 'Interventions for impetigo.', Cochrane Database Syst Rev, vol. 1, no. 1, p. CD003261.
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BACKGROUND: Impetigo is a common, superficial bacterial skin infection, which is most frequently encountered in children. There is no generally agreed standard therapy, and guidelines for treatment differ widely. Treatment options include many different oral and topical antibiotics as well as disinfectants. This is an updated version of the original review published in 2003. OBJECTIVES: To assess the effects of treatments for impetigo, including non-pharmacological interventions and 'waiting for natural resolution'. SEARCH METHODS: We updated our searches of the following databases to July 2010: the Cochrane Skin Group Specialised Register, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), MEDLINE (from 2005), EMBASE (from 2007), and LILACS (from 1982). We also searched online trials registries for ongoing trials, and we handsearched the reference lists of new studies found in the updated search. SELECTION CRITERIA: Randomised controlled trials of treatments for non-bullous, bullous, primary, and secondary impetigo. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: Two independent authors undertook all steps in data collection. We performed quality assessments and data collection in two separate stages. MAIN RESULTS: We included 57 trials in the first version of this review. For this update 1 of those trials was excluded and 12 new trials were added. The total number of included trials was, thus, 68, with 5578 participants, reporting on 50 different treatments, including placebo. Most trials were in primary impetigo or did not specify this.For many of the items that were assessed for risk of bias, most studies did not provide enough information. Fifteen studies reported blinding of participants and outcome assessors.Topical antibiotic treatment showed better cure rates than placebo (pooled risk ratio (RR) 2. 24, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.61 to 3.13) in 6 studies with 575 participants. In 4 studies with 440 participants, there was no clear evidence that eit...
Lawless, M & Hodge, C 2012, 'Author Reply', Asia-Pacific Journal of Ophthalmology, vol. 1, no. 5, pp. 321-322.
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Lawless, M & Hodge, C 2012, 'Femtosecond Laser Cataract Surgery', Asia-Pacific Journal of Ophthalmology, vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 5-10.
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Lawless, M, Bali, SJ, Hodge, C, Roberts, TV, Chan, C & Sutton, G 2012, 'Outcomes of Femtosecond Laser Cataract Surgery With a Diffractive Multifocal Intraocular Lens', Journal of Refractive Surgery, vol. 28, no. 12, pp. 859-864.
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PURPOSE: To report the visual and refractive outcomes in an initial series of eyes undergoing femtosecond laser cataract surgery with implantation of a diffractive multi-focal intraocular lens (IOL). METHODS: The first 61 consecutive eyes undergoing femtosecond laser cataract surgery and ReSTOR (Alcon Laboratories Inc) +3.00-diopter (D) add IOL implantation between May and July 2011 were enrolled in the study (LCS group). The control group consisted of a retrospective consecutive cohort of 29 eyes that underwent manual phacoemulsification cataract surgery and ReSTOR +3.00-D add IOL implantation (MCS group) between December 2010 and April 2011. Visual and refractive parameters were collected pre- and postoperatively at 1 and 3 months. RESULTS: Mean postoperative spherical equivalent refraction was −0.01±0.35 D and −0.06±0.30 D in the LCS and MCS groups, respectively ( P =.492). Mean absolute refractive prediction error (PE) was 0.26±0.25 D for the LCS group and 0.23±0.16 D for the MCS group ( P =.489). Mean arithmetic refractive PE was 0.06±0.44 D and −0.02±0.30 D for the LCS and MCS groups, respectively ( P =.388). No significant difference was noted in mean postoperative uncorrected distance visual acuity or uncorrected near visual acuity between groups. No eyes in either group had surgical complications or loss of corrected distance visual acuity in the follow-up period. CONCLUSIONS: ...
Lowe, R, Guastella, AJ, Chen, NTM, Menzies, RG, Packman, A, O’Brian, S & Onslow, M 2012, 'Avoidance of eye gaze by adults who stutter', Journal of Fluency Disorders, vol. 37, no. 4, pp. 263-274.
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Purpose: Adults who stutter are at significant risk of developing social phobia. Cognitive theorists argue that a critical factor maintaining social anxiety is avoidance of social information. This avoidance may impair access to positive feedback from social encounters that could disconfirm fears and negative beliefs. Adults who stutter are known to engage in avoidance behaviours, and may neglect positive social information. This study investigated the gaze behaviour of adults who stutter whilst giving a speech. Method: 16 adults who stutter and 16 matched controls delivered a 3-min speech to a television display of a pre-recorded lecture theatre audience. Participants were told the audience was watching them live from another room. Audience members were trained to display positive, negative and neutral expressions. Participant eye movement was recorded with an eye-tracker. Results: There was a significant difference between the stuttering and control participants for fixation duration and fixation count towards an audience display. In particular, the stuttering participants, compared to controls, looked for shorter time at positive audience members than at negative and neutral audience members and the background. Conclusions: Adults who stutter may neglect positive social cues within social situations that could serve to disconfirm negative beliefs and fears.Educational objectives: The reader will be able to: (a) describe the nature of anxiety experienced by adults who stutter; (b) identify the most common anxiety condition among adults who stutter; (c) understand how information processing biases and the use of safety behaviours contribute to the maintenance of social anxiety; (d) describe how avoiding social information may contribute to the maintenance of social anxiety in people who stutter; and (e) describe the clinical implications of avoidance of social information in people who stutter. © 2012 Elsevier Inc.
Maas, ET, Juch, JNS, Groeneweg, JG, Ostelo, RWJG, Koes, BW, Verhagen, AP, van Raamt, M, Wille, F, Huygen, FJPM & van Tulder, MW 2012, 'Cost-effectiveness of minimal interventional procedures for chronic mechanical low back pain: design of four randomised controlled trials with an economic evaluation', BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders, vol. 13, no. 1.
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MacShane, M & Mountain, H 2012, 'When Work, Family And Friendship Collide', Journal of Genetic Counseling, vol. 21, no. 2, pp. 215-219.
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AbstractMandi's sister was diagnosed with breast cancer and was referred to our Familial Cancer Program. The young age of diagnosis, characteristics of the cancer and family history suggested genetic testing and Helen was the genetic counselor involved throughout the testing process. In relaying this personal and professional story we have tried to describe the issues we faced and how we negotiated some of the difficulties when the boundaries between our many roles of family member, friends, colleagues and professionals became blurred.
Mavaddat, N, Barrowdale, D, Andrulis, IL, Domchek, SM, Eccles, D, Nevanlinna, H, Ramus, SJ, Spurdle, A, Robson, M, Sherman, M, Mulligan, AM, Couch, FJ, Engel, C, McGuffog, L, Healey, S, Sinilnikova, OM, Southey, MC, Terry, MB, Goldgar, D, O'Malley, F, John, EM, Janavicius, R, Tihomirova, L, Hansen, TVO, Nielsen, FC, Osorio, A, Stavropoulou, A, Benítez, J, Manoukian, S, Peissel, B, Barile, M, Volorio, S, Pasini, B, Dolcetti, R, Putignano, AL, Ottini, L, Radice, P, Hamann, U, Rashid, MU, Hogervorst, FB, Kriege, M, van der Luijt, RB, Peock, S, Frost, D, Evans, DG, Brewer, C, Walker, L, Rogers, MT, Side, LE, Houghton, C, Weaver, J, Godwin, AK, Schmutzler, RK, Wappenschmidt, B, Meindl, A, Kast, K, Arnold, N, Niederacher, D, Sutter, C, Deissler, H, Gadzicki, D, Preisler-Adams, S, Varon-Mateeva, R, Schönbuchner, I, Gevensleben, H, Stoppa-Lyonnet, D, Belotti, M, Barjhoux, L, Isaacs, C, Peshkin, BN, Caldes, T, de la Hoya, M, Cañadas, C, Heikkinen, T, Heikkilä, P, Aittomäki, K, Blanco, I, Lazaro, C, Brunet, J, Agnarsson, BA, Arason, A, Barkardottir, RB, Dumont, M, Simard, J, Montagna, M, Agata, S, D'Andrea, E, Yan, M, Fox, S, Rebbeck, TR, Rubinstein, W, Tung, N, Garber, JE, Wang, X, Fredericksen, Z, Pankratz, VS, Lindor, NM, Szabo, C, Offit, K, Sakr, R, Gaudet, MM, Singer, CF, Tea, M-K, Rappaport, C, Mai, PL, Greene, MH, Sokolenko, A, Imyanitov, E, Toland, AE, Senter, L, Sweet, K, Thomassen, M, Gerdes, A-M, Kruse, T, Caligo, M, Aretini, P, Rantala, J, von Wachenfeld, A, Henriksson, K, Steele, L, Neuhausen, SL, Nussbaum, R, Beattie, M, Odunsi, K, Sucheston, L, Gayther, SA, Nathanson, K, Gross, J, Walsh, C, Karlan, B, Chenevix-Trench, G, Easton, DF & Antoniou, AC 2012, 'Pathology of Breast and Ovarian Cancers among BRCA1 and BRCA2 Mutation Carriers: Results from the Consortium of Investigators of Modifiers of BRCA1/2 (CIMBA)', Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention, vol. 21, no. 1, pp. 134-147.
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Abstract Background: Previously, small studies have found that BRCA1 and BRCA2 breast tumors differ in their pathology. Analysis of larger datasets of mutation carriers should allow further tumor characterization. Methods: We used data from 4,325 BRCA1 and 2,568 BRCA2 mutation carriers to analyze the pathology of invasive breast, ovarian, and contralateral breast cancers. Results: There was strong evidence that the proportion of estrogen receptor (ER)-negative breast tumors decreased with age at diagnosis among BRCA1 (P-trend = 1.2 × 10−5), but increased with age at diagnosis among BRCA2, carriers (P-trend = 6.8 × 10−6). The proportion of triple-negative tumors decreased with age at diagnosis in BRCA1 carriers but increased with age at diagnosis of BRCA2 carriers. In both BRCA1 and BRCA2 carriers, ER-negative tumors were of higher histologic grade than ER-positive tumors (grade 3 vs. grade 1; P = 1.2 × 10−13 for BRCA1 and P = 0.001 for BRCA2). ER and progesterone receptor (PR) expression were independently associated with mutation carrier status [ER-positive odds ratio (OR) for BRCA2 = 9.4, 95% CI: 7.0–12.6 and PR-positive OR = 1.7, 95% CI: 1.3–2.3, under joint analysis]. Lobular tumors were more likely to be BRCA2-related (OR for BRCA2 = 3.3, 95% CI: 2.4–4.4; P = 4.4 × 10−14), and medullary tumors BRCA1-related (OR for BRCA2 = 0.25, 95% CI: 0.18–0.35; P = 2.3 × 10−15). ER-status of the first breast cancer was predictive of ER-status of asynchronous contralateral breast cancer (P = 0.0004 for BRCA1; P = 0.002 for BRCA2). There were no significant differences in ovarian cancer morphology between BRCA1 and BRCA2 carriers (serous: 67%; mucinous: 1%; endometrioid: 12%; clear-cell: 2%). Conclusions/Impact: Pathologic characteristics of BRCA1 and BRCA2 tumors may be useful for improving risk-prediction algorithms and ...
McGee, RG, Hemsley, B & Gill, PJ 2012, 'Access to journals through peer reviewers', Canadian Medical Association Journal, vol. 184, no. 11, pp. 1283.1-1283.
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McLachlan, AJ & Pont, LG 2012, 'Drug Metabolism in Older People--A Key Consideration in Achieving Optimal Outcomes With Medicines', The Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences, vol. 67A, no. 2, pp. 175-180.
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Mehta, P, Rao, S & Kumar, C 2012, 'Effectiveness of Physiotherapy for the Handwriting Problem of School Going Children', Indian journal of physiotherapy and occupational therapy.
Michaleff, ZA, Maher, CG, Verhagen, AP, Rebbeck, T & Lin, C-WC 2012, 'Accuracy of the Canadian C-spine rule and NEXUS to screen for clinically important cervical spine injury in patients following blunt trauma: a systematic review', Canadian Medical Association Journal, vol. 184, no. 16, pp. E867-E876.
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Mojtaba Golzan, S, Leaney, J, Cordina, R, Avolio, A, Celermajer, DS & Graham, SL 2012, 'Spontaneous retinal venous pulsatility in patients with cyanotic congenital heart disease', Heart and Vessels, vol. 27, no. 6, pp. 618-623.
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Spontaneous retinal venous pulsations (SRVP) are assessed as a clinical marker for patients with ophthalmic or neurological disorders. The pulsations are influenced by intraocular pressure (IOP), cerebrospinal fluid pressure (CSFp), and retinal venous pressure (RVP). However, little is known about the effect of cyanosis with polycythemia, a common finding in adults with complex congenital heart disease (CHD), on SRVP. This study investigated 11 subjects with long-standing cyanosis secondary to CHD and 11 control subjects to determine if there were measurable differences in resting pulsatility for a given IOP level. Intraocular pressure was measured using Goldman tonometry, and dynamic SRVP was recorded noninvasively using a retinal vessel imaging system. Peak amplitude of SRVP at each cardiac cycle was measured and compared with IOP. Heart rate was also monitored during the tests. Results show that for a similar baseline IOP, SRVP amplitudes are significantly lower in cyanotic patients compared with normal subjects (P < 0.0001). This may be explained by an increased RVP or high CSFp in these patients. Mean venous diameter is also significantly higher in cyanotic patients (P < 0.01), but no significant relationship was found between SRVP or diameter with blood parameters.
Mutsaers, J-HAM, Peters, R, Pool-Goudzwaard, AL, Koes, BW & Verhagen, AP 2012, 'Psychometric properties of the Pain Attitudes and Beliefs Scale for Physiotherapists: A systematic review', Manual Therapy, vol. 17, no. 3, pp. 213-218.
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Newton-John, TRO & McDonald, AJ 2012, 'Pain management in the context of workers compensation: a case study', TRANSLATIONAL BEHAVIORAL MEDICINE, vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 38-46.
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The clinical management of chronic pain is a biopsychosocial challenge in itself; however, when the pain occurs in the context of workers compensation, there is even greater clinical complexity. A review of the literature shows that patients being treated for chronic pain under workers compensation are generally more distressed and have poorer outcomes both clinically and vocationally than non-compensated patients. A range of factors is identified to explain these differences, including operation of the system itself. However, a case study is presented involving a 49-year-old woman with chronic neck pain, whose clinical history illustrates how workers compensation can negatively influence outcomes, but where successful rehabilitation is also possible. © 2012 Society of Behavioral Medicine.
O'Halloran, R, Grohn, B & Worrall, L 2012, 'Environmental Factors That Influence Communication for Patients With a Communication Disability in Acute Hospital Stroke Units: A Qualitative Metasynthesis', Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, vol. 93, no. 1, pp. S77-S85.
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Onslow, M & Millard, S 2012, 'Palin Parent Child Interaction and the Lidcombe Program: Clarifying some issues', Journal of Fluency Disorders, vol. 37, no. 1, pp. 1-8.
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Purpose
The authors used the "1000-bites" format (Onslow & Yaruss, 2007) to discuss two therapies used with preschool children who stutter: Palin Parent Child Interaction and the Lidcombe Program. The aim is to provide background to the therapies and to explore the differences and similarities between the approaches and research plans for them.
Method
The format is designed to give the reader the feeling of contemporaneous observation of conversation between the authors. To that end, the format guidelines are as follows: (1) alternating responses from two authors with no response greater than 100 words, (2) a maximum of 1000 words per author, (3) when one author has used 1000 words the other may complete 1000 words in a final response or opt to not issue a final response, (4) debate may be controversial and vigorous but must be collegial, and (5) a non-contemporaneous edit by an author to a response requires the agreement of the other author.
Conclusions
The "1000-bites" format achieved a collegial exchange between two discussants with differing opinions by creating a single work of shared authorship. Arguably, this format is more informative to clinicians than independent essays and rebuttals in a sequence of letters to the editor. One of its advantages is that it provides insights into the issue at stake by means of short and contemporaneous segments of spontaneous interaction.
Educational objectives
At the end of this activity the reader will be able to (1) outline the different theoretical backgrounds of Palin Parent Child Interaction Therapy and the Lidcombe Program, (2) describe the different goals of the two treatments, (3) contrast the different methods for the two treatments, and (4) explain any commonalities between the two treatments.
Packman, A & Onslow, M 2012, 'Investigating optimal intervention intensity with the Lidcombe Program of early stuttering intervention', International Journal of Speech-Language Pathology, vol. 14, no. 5, pp. 467-470.
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This paper addresses optimal intervention intensity in stuttering with reference to the Lidcombe Program of early stuttering intervention. This is an operant program in which the parent provides the actual treatment, for proscribed periods each day, in the child's everyday environment. The parent learns how to do this during weekly visits with the child to the speech-language pathologist. This program was chosen because it is supported by considerable research evidence. This evidence includes randomized controlled trials and file audits. Individual children vary in the time taken to reach the program criteria, with children with milder stuttering taking less time than children whose stuttering is more severe. Hence, the dose depends largely on stuttering severity. Other service delivery models for the Lidcombe Program have been investigated, including telehealth (distance delivery) and group delivery. While telehealth delivery was as efficacious as face-to-face delivery, 3-times more clinician hours were needed to achieve this. Group delivery of the program was also as efficacious as face-to-face delivery but required 30% less clinician time. The fact that treatment is delivered by parents but is directed by the speech-language pathologist raises interesting issues about what constitutes dose.
Pintor-Marmol, A, Isabel Baena, M, Fajardo, PC, Sabater-Hernandez, D, Saez-Benito, L, Victoria Garcia-Cardenas, M, Fikri-Benbrahim, N, Azpilicueta, I & Jose Faus, M 2012, 'Terms used in patient safety related to medication: a literature review', PHARMACOEPIDEMIOLOGY AND DRUG SAFETY, vol. 21, no. 8, pp. 799-809.
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Purpose There is a lack of homogeneity in the terminology used in the context of patient safety related to medication. The aim of this review was to identify the terms and definitions used in patient safety related to medication within the scientific literature. Methods Original and review articles that were indexed between 1998 and 2008 in MEDLINE and EMBASE and contained terms used in patient safety related to medication were included. Terms and definitions were extracted and categorised according to whether its definition referred to the process of medication use, or to the clinical outcome of medication use, or both. Results Of 2564 articles, 147 were included. Sixty terms used in patient safety related to medication with 189 different definitions were identified. Among terms that referred only to the process of medication use (n = 23), medication error provided the greatest number of definitions (n = 29). Among terms that referred only to the clinical outcome of medication use (n=31), adverse drug event provided the greatest number of definitions (n = 15). Finally, among terms that referred both to the process of use and to the clinical outcome of medication use (n = 13), drug-related problem provided the greatest number of definitions (n=7). Conclusions A multitude of terms and definitions are used in patient safety related to medication. This heterogeneity makes it difficult to compare the results among studies and to appreciate the true magnitude of the problem. Classifying and unifying the terminology is necessary to advance in patient safety strategies.
Quinzler, R, Ude, M, Franzmann, A, Feldt, S, Schüssel, K, Leuner, K, Müller, WE, Dippel, F-W & Schulz, M 2012, 'Treatment duration (persistence) of basal insulin supported oral therapy (BOT) in Type-2 diabetic patients: comparison of insulin glargine with NPH insulin', Int. Journal of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, vol. 50, no. 01, pp. 24-32.
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Raghoenath, AS, Scheele, J & Verhagen, AP 2012, 'Comments on the article by Jing-lan Yang et al. “Effectiveness of the end-range mobilization and scapular mobilization approach in a subgroup of subjects with frozen shoulder syndrome: A randomized control trial”, Manual Therapy 2012; 17 (1): 47–52', Manual Therapy, vol. 17, no. 3, pp. e4-e4.
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Ramus, SJ, Antoniou, AC, Kuchenbaecker, KB, Soucy, P, Beesley, J, Chen, X, McGuffog, L, Sinilnikova, OM, Healey, S, Barrowdale, D, Lee, A, Thomassen, M, Gerdes, A-M, Kruse, TA, Jensen, UB, Skytte, A-B, Caligo, MA, Liljegren, A, Lindblom, A, Olsson, H, Kristoffersson, U, Stenmark-Askmalm, M, Melin, B, Domchek, SM, Nathanson, KL, Rebbeck, TR, Jakubowska, A, Lubinski, J, Jaworska, K, Durda, K, Złowocka, E, Gronwald, J, Huzarski, T, Byrski, T, Cybulski, C, Toloczko-Grabarek, A, Osorio, A, Benitez, J, Duran, M, Tejada, M-I, Hamann, U, Rookus, M, van Leeuwen, FE, Aalfs, CM, Meijers-Heijboer, HEJ, van Asperen, CJ, van Roozendaal, KEP, Hoogerbrugge, N, Collée, JM, Kriege, M, van der Luijt, RB, Peock, S, Frost, D, Ellis, SD, Platte, R, Fineberg, E, Evans, DG, Lalloo, F, Jacobs, C, Eeles, R, Adlard, J, Davidson, R, Eccles, D, Cole, T, Cook, J, Paterson, J, Douglas, F, Brewer, C, Hodgson, S, Morrison, PJ, Walker, L, Porteous, ME, Kennedy, MJ, Pathak, H, Godwin, AK, Stoppa-Lyonnet, D, Caux-Moncoutier, V, de Pauw, A, Gauthier-Villars, M, Mazoyer, S, Léoné, M, Calender, A, Lasset, C, Bonadona, V, Hardouin, A, Berthet, P, Bignon, Y-J, Uhrhammer, N, Faivre, L, Loustalot, C, Buys, S, Daly, M, Miron, A, Beth Terry, M, Chung, WK, John, EM, Southey, M, Goldgar, D, Singer, CF, Tea, M-K, Pfeiler, G, Fink-Retter, A, Hansen, TVO, Ejlertsen, B, Johannsson, OT, Offit, K, Kirchhoff, T, Gaudet, MM, Vijai, J, Robson, M, Piedmonte, M, Phillips, K-A, Van Le, L, Hoffman, JS, Toland, AE, Montagna, M, Tognazzo, S, Imyanitov, E, Isaacs, C, Janavicius, R, Lazaro, C, Blanco, I, Tornero, E, Navarro, M, Moysich, KB, Karlan, BY, Gross, J, Olah, E, Vaszko, T, Teo, S-H, Ganz, PA, Beattie, MS, Dorfling, CM, van Rensburg, EJ, Diez, O, Kwong, A, Schmutzler, RK, Wappenschmidt, B, Engel, C, Meindl, A, Ditsch, N, Arnold, N, Heidemann, S, Niederacher, D, Preisler-Adams, S, Gadzicki, D, Varon-Mateeva, R, Deissler, H, Gehrig, A, Sutter, C, Kast, K, Fiebig, B, Schäfer, D, Caldes, T, de la Hoya, M, Nevanlinna, H, Aittomäki, K, Plante, M, Spurdle, AB, Neuhausen, SL, Ding, YC, Wang, X, Lindor, N, Fredericksen, Z, Pankratz, VS, Peterlongo, P, Manoukian, S, Peissel, B, Zaffaroni, D, Bonanni, B, Bernard, L, Dolcetti, R, Papi, L, Ottini, L, Radice, P, Greene, MH, Mai, PL, Andrulis, IL, Glendon, G, Ozcelik, H, Pharoah, PDP, Gayther, SA, Simard, J, Easton, DF, Couch, FJ & et al. 2012, 'Ovarian cancer susceptibility alleles and risk of ovarian cancer inBRCA1andBRCA2mutation carriers', Human Mutation, vol. 33, no. 4, pp. 690-702.
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Richardson, LE, Dorleijn, DMJ & Verhagen, AP 2012, 'Autograft Hamstring vs Patellar Tendon ACL Reconstruction: Letter to the Editor', The American Journal of Sports Medicine, vol. 40, no. 8, pp. NP15-NP16.
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Richardson, LE, Dorleijn, DMJ & Verhagen, AP 2012, 'Autograft Hamstring vs Patellar tendon ACL reconstruction: Letter to the editor', American Journal of Sports Medicine, vol. 40, no. 8.
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Rietdijk, R, Togher, L & Power, E 2012, 'Supporting family members of people with traumatic brain injury using telehealth: A systematic review', Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine, vol. 44, no. 11, pp. 913-921.
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Roberts, TV, Sutton, G, Lawless, MA, Bali-Jindal, S & Hodge, C 2012, 'Reply : Hydrorupture of the posterior capsule in femtosecond-laser cataract surgery', Journal of Cataract and Refractive Surgery, vol. 38, no. 4, pp. 730-730.
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Rose, TA, Worrall, LE, Hickson, LM & Hoffmann, TC 2012, 'Guiding principles for printed education materials: Design preferences of people with aphasia', International Journal of Speech-Language Pathology, vol. 14, no. 1, pp. 11-23.
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Schellingerhout, JM, Verhagen, AP, Heymans, MW, Koes, BW, de Vet, HC & Terwee, CB 2012, 'Measurement properties of disease-specific questionnaires in patients with neck pain: a systematic review', Quality of Life Research, vol. 21, no. 4, pp. 659-670.
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Schulz, M, Iwersen-Bergmann, S, Andresen, H & Schmoldt, A 2012, 'Therapeutic and toxic blood concentrations of nearly 1,000 drugs and other xenobiotics', Critical Care, vol. 16, no. 4, pp. R136-R136.
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Seymour, KJ & Clifford, CWG 2012, 'Decoding conjunctions of direction-of-motion and binocular disparity from human visual cortex', Journal of Neurophysiology, vol. 107, no. 9, pp. 2335-2341.
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Motion and binocular disparity are two features in our environment that share a common correspondence problem. Decades of psychophysical research dedicated to understanding stereopsis suggest that these features interact early in human visual processing to disambiguate depth. Single-unit recordings in the monkey also provide evidence for the joint encoding of motion and disparity across much of the dorsal visual stream. Here, we used functional MRI and multivariate pattern analysis to examine where in the human brain conjunctions of motion and disparity are encoded. Subjects sequentially viewed two stimuli that could be distinguished only by their conjunctions of motion and disparity. Specifically, each stimulus contained the same feature information (leftward and rightward motion and crossed and uncrossed disparity) but differed exclusively in the way these features were paired. Our results revealed that a linear classifier could accurately decode which stimulus a subject was viewing based on voxel activation patterns throughout the dorsal visual areas and as early as V2. This decoding success was conditional on some voxels being individually sensitive to the unique conjunctions comprising each stimulus, thus a classifier could not rely on independent information about motion and binocular disparity to distinguish these conjunctions. This study expands on evidence that disparity and motion interact at many levels of human visual processing, particularly within the dorsal stream. It also lends support to the idea that stereopsis is subserved by early mechanisms also tuned to direction of motion.
Sharpe, L, Gittins, CB, Correia, HM, Meade, T, Nicholas, MK, Raue, PJ, McDonald, S & Areán, PA 2012, 'Problem-solving versus cognitive restructuring of medically ill seniors with depression (PROMISE-D trial): study protocol and design', BMC Psychiatry, vol. 12, no. 1.
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Starcevic, V, Berle, D, Brakoulias, V, Sammut, P, Moses, K, Milicevic, D & Hannan, A 2012, 'Interpersonal reassurance seeking in obsessive-compulsive disorder and its relationship with checking compulsions', Psychiatry Research, vol. 200, no. 2-3, pp. 560-567.
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Starcevic, V, Sammut, P, Berle, D, Hannan, A, Milicevic, D, Moses, K, Lamplugh, C & Eslick, GD 2012, 'Can levels of a general anxiety-prone cognitive style distinguish between various anxiety disorders?', Comprehensive Psychiatry, vol. 53, no. 5, pp. 427-433.
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Stubbs, PW & Gervasio, S 2012, 'Motor adaptation following split-belt treadmill walking', Journal of Neurophysiology, vol. 108, no. 5, pp. 1225-1227.
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Malone L, Vasudevan E, and Bastian A ( J Neurosci 31: 15136–15143, 2011) investigated the effects of different training paradigms on the day-by-day retention of learned motor patterns. In this Neuro Forum, a description and assessment of the methods used will be presented. The interpretation of the findings will be extended and the possible implications will be discussed. Finally, alternative explanations of the possible regions involved in motor pattern relearning will be provided.
Stubbs, PW, Nielsen, JF, Sinkjær, T & Mrachacz-Kersting, N 2012, 'Short-latency crossed spinal responses are impaired differently in sub-acute and chronic stroke patients', Clinical Neurophysiology, vol. 123, no. 3, pp. 541-549.
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Stupans, I, Owen, S, McKauge, L, Pont, L, Ryan, G & Woulfe, J 2012, 'Development and trialling of a graduated descriptors tool for Australian pharmacy students', Assessment & Evaluation in Higher Education, vol. 37, no. 7, pp. 829-845.
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Profession-derived competency standards are key determinants for curriculum and assessment in many professional university programmes. An Australian Learning and Teaching Council funded project used a participatory action research approach to enable the collaborative development of a graduated (or incremental) descriptors tool related to competencies, applicable to Australian pharmacy students at various stages within their university programmes. Consultations with pharmacy professional/registration organisations, students, preceptors and academics throughout Australia were undertaken. Recording of key themes of discussions and progressive development of the tool occurred. Initial trialling of the tool in pharmacy programmes at two different Australian universities has indicated that students were ambivalent regarding the tool and, for example, its usefulness for self-assessment against competencies and its role in supporting learning. Preceptors, supporting students on placements, were however very positive about the tool, its usefulness in supporting learning and in supporting discussions between preceptors and students. © 2012 Copyright Taylor and Francis Group, LLC.
Swift, M, O'Brian, S, Onslow, M & Packman, A 2012, 'Checklist of parent Lidcombe Program administration', Journal of Clinical Practice in Speech-Language Pathology, vol. 14, no. 1, pp. 12-17.
Taş, Ü, Verhagen, AP, Bierma‐Zeinstra, SMA, Hofman, A, Pols, HAP & Koes, BW 2012, 'Course and prognostic factors of disability in community‐dwelling older people with mild disability: The Rotterdam Study', Australasian Journal on Ageing, vol. 31, no. 1, pp. 28-33.
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Aim: To study the prognosis of disability of community‐dwelling older people with mild disability at baseline.Methods: We used data from the Rotterdam Study: a community‐based prospective cohort study of community‐dwelling older people. We evaluated sociodemographic factors, lifestyle variables, health conditions and disability status at baseline and follow‐up after 6 years. Disability was defined as a score on the Health Assessment Questionnaire.Results: At baseline the population consisted of 1166 older people with mild disability with a mean age of 69.7 (55–93) years. At follow‐up 18% of the study population recovered from mild disability, 20% stayed mildly disabled, 31% became severely disabled, while 32% were deceased. At follow‐up relatively more men died while more women had a worsened disability. Age and income were predictors of disability decrease. Alcohol use seemed to be significantly protective against death.Conclusion: Just a few prognostic factors appeared to be related to disability 6 years later.
Tenen, A & Hodge, C 2012, 'Acute-onset cataract as the initial presentation of diabetes mellitus', Journal of Cataract and Refractive Surgery, vol. 38, no. 10, pp. 1861-1863.
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Thoomes, EJ, Scholten-Peeters, GGM, de Boer, AJ, Olsthoorn, RA, Verkerk, K, Lin, C & Verhagen, AP 2012, 'Lack of uniform diagnostic criteria for cervical radiculopathy in conservative intervention studies: a systematic review', European Spine Journal, vol. 21, no. 8, pp. 1459-1470.
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Togher, L, Power, E, Rietdijk, R, McDonald, S & Tate, R 2012, 'An exploration of participant experience of a communication training program for people with traumatic brain injury and their communication partners', Disability and Rehabilitation, vol. 34, no. 18, pp. 1562-1574.
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van Middelkoop, M, Rubinstein, SM, Ostelo, R, van Tulder, MW, Peul, W, Koes, BW & Verhagen, AP 2012, 'No additional value of fusion techniques on anterior discectomy for neck pain: A systematic review', Pain, vol. 153, no. 11, pp. 2167-2173.
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van Oort, L, van den Berg, T, Koes, BW, de Vet, RHCW, Anema, HJR, Heymans, MW & Verhagen, AP 2012, 'Preliminary state of development of prediction models for primary care physical therapy: a systematic review', Journal of Clinical Epidemiology, vol. 65, no. 12, pp. 1257-1266.
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van Rijn, RM, Wassenaar, M, Verhagen, AP, Ostelo, RWJG, Ginai, AZ, de Boer, MR, van Tulder, MW & Koes, BW 2012, 'Computed tomography for the diagnosis of lumbar spinal pathology in adult patients with low back pain or sciatica: a diagnostic systematic review', European Spine Journal, vol. 21, no. 2, pp. 228-239.
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Van Vijven, JPJ, Luijsterburg, PAJ, Verhagen, AP, van Osch, GJVM, Kloppenburg, M & Bierma-Zeinstra, SMA 2012, 'Symptomatic and chondroprotective treatment with collagen derivatives in osteoarthritis: a systematic review', Osteoarthritis and Cartilage, vol. 20, no. 8, pp. 809-821.
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Vassallo, S, Ujjainwala, Z & Douglas, JM 2012, 'P2-22: Aging Effects on the Visual Scanning of Emotional Faces', i-Perception, vol. 3, no. 9, pp. 681-681.
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Verhagen, AP, Cardoso, JR & Bierma-Zeinstra, SMA 2012, 'Aquatic exercise & balneotherapy in musculoskeletal conditions', Best Practice & Research Clinical Rheumatology, vol. 26, no. 3, pp. 335-343.
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Verwoerd, AJH, Luijsterburg, PAJ, Timman, R, Koes, BW & Verhagen, AP 2012, 'A single question was as predictive of outcome as the Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia in people with sciatica: an observational study', Journal of Physiotherapy, vol. 58, no. 4, pp. 249-254.
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Wassenaar, M, van Rijn, RM, van Tulder, MW, Verhagen, AP, van der Windt, DAWM, Koes, BW, de Boer, MR, Ginai, AZ & Ostelo, RWJG 2012, 'Magnetic resonance imaging for diagnosing lumbar spinal pathology in adult patients with low back pain or sciatica: a diagnostic systematic review', European Spine Journal, vol. 21, no. 2, pp. 220-227.
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White, S, Hewitt, J, Turbitt, E, van der Zwan, Y, Hersmus, R, Drop, S, Koopman, P, Harley, V, Cools, M, Looijenga, L & Sinclair, A 2012, 'A multi-exon deletion within WWOX is associated with a 46,XY disorder of sex development', European Journal of Human Genetics, vol. 20, no. 3, pp. 348-351.
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Winter, H & McEwen, A 2012, 'Cowden syndrome: presenting as advanced breast cancer in a young woman with macrocephaly', Internal Medicine Journal, vol. 42, no. 10, pp. 1160-1161.
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You, J, Hodge, C, Wen, L, McAvoy, JW, Madigan, MC & Sutton, G 2012, 'Using soybean trypsin inhibitor as an external loading control for Western blot analysis of tear proteins: Application to corneal disease', Experimental Eye Research, vol. 99, no. 1, pp. 55-62.
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Young, MA, Wake, S, Alsop, K, Bowtell, D, Mitchell, G, Plunkett, L, Crook, A, Gleeson, M & Hallowell, N 2012, 'The experiences of research participants offered genetic test results as a result of taking part in a population based ovarian cancer research study?', Hereditary Cancer in Clinical Practice, vol. 10, no. Suppl 2, pp. A15-A15.
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