Abdel Shaheed, C, Maher, CG, Williams, KA & McLachlan, AJ 2014, 'Interventions Available Over the Counter and Advice for Acute Low Back Pain: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis', The Journal of Pain, vol. 15, no. 1, pp. 2-15.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
Arnott, S, Onslow, M, O'Brian, S, Packman, A, Jones, M & Block, S 2014, 'Group Lidcombe Program Treatment for Early Stuttering: A Randomized Controlled Trial', Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research, vol. 57, no. 5, pp. 1606-1618.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>
Purpose This study adds to the Lidcombe Program evidence base by comparing individual and group treatment of preschoolers who stutter. Method A randomized controlled trial of 54 preschoolers was designed to establish whether group delivery outcomes were not inferior to the individual model. The group arm used a rolling group model, in which a new member entered an existing group each time a vacancy became available. Assessments were conducted prerandomization and 9 months and 18 months postrandomization. Results There was no evidence of a difference between treatment arms for measures of weeks or clinic visits required, percent syllables stuttered, or parent severity ratings. However, children in the group arm consumed around half the number of speech-language pathologist hours compared with children treated individually. In addition, children in the group progressed more quickly after the treating speech-language pathologist became more practiced with the group model, suggesting the group results are conservative estimates. Conclusions Group delivery of the Lidcombe Program is an efficacious alternative to the individual model. Parents responded favorably to the group model, and the treating speech-language pathologists found group treatment to be more taxing but clinically gratifying.
Azzi, M, Constantino, M, Pont, L, Mcgill, M, Twigg, S & Krass, I 2014, 'Medication Safety: an audit of medication discrepancies in transferring type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients from Australian primary care to tertiary ambulatory care', International Journal for Quality in Health Care, vol. 26, no. 4, pp. 397-403.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
Bancroft, EK, Page, EC, Castro, E, Lilja, H, Vickers, A, Sjoberg, D, Assel, M, Foster, CS, Mitchell, G, Drew, K, Maehle, L, Axcrona, K, Evans, DG, Bulman, B, Eccles, D, McBride, D, van Asperen, C, Vasen, H, Kiemeney, LA, Ringelberg, J, Cybulski, C, Wokolorczyk, D, Selkirk, C, Hulick, PJ, Bojesen, A, Skytte, A-B, Lam, J, Taylor, L, Oldenburg, R, Cremers, R, Verhaegh, G, van Zelst-Stams, WA, Oosterwijk, JC, Blanco, I, Salinas, M, Cook, J, Rosario, DJ, Buys, S, Conner, T, Ausems, MG, Ong, K-R, Hoffman, J, Domchek, S, Powers, J, Teixeira, MR, Maia, S, Foulkes, WD, Taherian, N, Ruijs, M, Helderman-van den Enden, AT, Izatt, L, Davidson, R, Adank, MA, Walker, L, Schmutzler, R, Tucker, K, Kirk, J, Hodgson, S, Harris, M, Douglas, F, Lindeman, GJ, Zgajnar, J, Tischkowitz, M, Clowes, VE, Susman, R, Ramon y Cajal, T, Patcher, N, Gadea, N, Spigelman, A, van Os, T, Liljegren, A, Side, L, Brewer, C, Brady, AF, Donaldson, A, Stefansdottir, V, Friedman, E, Chen-Shtoyerman, R, Amor, DJ, Copakova, L, Barwell, J, Giri, VN, Murthy, V, Nicolai, N, Teo, S-H, Greenhalgh, L, Strom, S, Henderson, A, McGrath, J, Gallagher, D, Aaronson, N, Ardern-Jones, A, Bangma, C, Dearnaley, D, Costello, P, Eyfjord, J, Rothwell, J, Falconer, A, Gronberg, H, Hamdy, FC, Johannsson, O, Khoo, V, Kote-Jarai, Z, Lubinski, J, Axcrona, U, Melia, J, McKinley, J, Mitra, AV, Moynihan, C, Rennert, G, Suri, M, Wilson, P, Killick, E, Moss, S, Eeles, RA & Collaborators, IMPACT 2014, 'Targeted Prostate Cancer Screening in BRCA1 and BRCA2 Mutation Carriers: Results from the Initial Screening Round of the IMPACT Study', EUROPEAN UROLOGY, vol. 66, no. 3, pp. 489-499.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
Benrimoj, SI, Lim, L & Capezio, L 2014, 'A Diabetes MedsCheck Implementation Pilot Program', Australian Pharmacist // Pharmaceutical Society of Australia, vol. 4, no. 47, pp. 68-74.
Berle, D & Moulds, ML 2014, 'Intrusion-based reasoning and depression: Cross-sectional and prospective relationships', Memory, vol. 22, no. 7, pp. 770-783.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
Brakoulias, V, Starcevic, V, Berle, D, Milicevic, D, Hannan, A & Martin, A 2014, 'The Relationships Between Obsessive–Compulsive Symptom Dimensions and Cognitions in Obsessive–Compulsive Disorder', Psychiatric Quarterly, vol. 85, no. 2, pp. 133-142.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
Brakoulias, V, Starcevic, V, Berle, D, Milicevic, D, Hannan, A, Viswasam, K & Mann, K 2014, 'The clinical characteristics of obsessive compulsive disorder associated with high levels of schizotypy', Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry, vol. 48, no. 9, pp. 852-860.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>
Objectives: This study aims to examine the characteristics of obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) associated with high levels of schizotypy. Methods: Using the Schizotypal Personality Questionnaire (SPQ) with 177 individuals with OCD, patients with OCD and high levels of schizotypy (OCD-HS) were compared to patients with OCD and low levels of schizotypy (OCD-LS) on a range of clinical characteristics. Self-report and clinician-administered instruments were used. Results were adjusted for the severity of OCD symptoms, age, marital status and comorbidity using logistic regression. Results: Patients with OCD-HS were younger and less likely to have been married. OCD-HS was associated with higher rates of symmetry/order obsessions, ordering/arranging compulsions, checking compulsions, co-occurring major depression, post-traumatic stress disorder, substance use disorders and greater general psychopathology. Previously reported associations, such as higher total scores on the Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale (Y-BOCS) were not significant when adjusted for differences in demographic variables and comorbidity. Conclusions: Patients with OCD-HS were associated with specific OCD symptoms and comorbid conditions and may warrant a specific treatment approach.
Broomfield, NM, Kneebone, II & Laidlaw, K 2014, 'Neuropsychological (mood and cognition) consequences of stroke', Clinical Psychology Forum, vol. 2014, no. 264, pp. 15-20.
View description>>
STROKE is the lead cause of disability in
United Kingdom (UK) adults, the third
lead cause of death, and a national and
international research priority. Direct costs to
the National Health Service (NHS) are £3 billion,
with indirect care costs of £2.4 billion.
Half of all stroke units in England have no
access to psychology services and in a recent
survey only two in ten stroke survivors considered
they had received the support they
needed to cope emotionally. There is much
service development work to do.
Neuropsychological (mood and cognition)
stroke consequences are prevalent, complex
and overlapping. This article guides on
assessment formulation and treatment of
these aspects.
Brouwer, RW, Huizinga, MR, Duivenvoorden, T, van Raaij, TM, Verhagen, AP, Bierma-Zeinstra, SMA & Verhaar, JAN 2014, 'Osteotomy for treating knee osteoarthritis', Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, no. 12.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
Carey, B, O'Brian, S, Lowe, R & Onslow, M 2014, 'Webcam Delivery of the Camperdown Program for Adolescents Who Stutter: A Phase II Trial', Language, Speech, and Hearing Services in Schools, vol. 45, no. 4, pp. 314-324.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>
Purpose This Phase II clinical trial examined stuttering adolescents' responsiveness to the Webcam-delivered Camperdown Program. Method Sixteen adolescents were treated by Webcam with no clinic attendance. Primary outcome was percentage of syllables stuttered (%SS). Secondary outcomes were number of sessions, weeks and hours to maintenance, self-reported stuttering severity, speech satisfaction, speech naturalness, self-reported anxiety, self-reported situation avoidance, self-reported impact of stuttering, and satisfaction with Webcam treatment delivery. Data were collected before treatment and up to 12 months after entry into maintenance. Results Fourteen participants completed the treatment. Group mean stuttering frequency was 6.1 %SS (range, 0.7–14.7) pretreatment and 2.8 %SS (range, 0–12.2) 12 months after entry into maintenance, with half the participants stuttering at 1.2 %SS or lower at this time. Treatment was completed in a mean of 25 sessions (15.5 hr). Self-reported stuttering severity ratings, self-reported stuttering impact, and speech satisfaction scores supported %SS outcomes. Minimal anxiety was evident either pre- or post-treatment. Individual responsiveness to the treatment varied, with half the participants showing little reduction in avoidance of speech situations. Conclusions The Webcam service delivery model was appealing to participants, although it was efficacious and efficient for only half. Suggestions for future stuttering treatment development for adolescents are discussed.
Cartwright, C, Rhodes, P, King, R & Shires, A 2014, 'Experiences of Countertransference: Reports of Clinical Psychology Students', AUSTRALIAN PSYCHOLOGIST, vol. 49, no. 4, pp. 232-240.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>
While historically linked with psychoanalysis, countertransference is recognised as an important component of the experience of therapists, regardless of the therapeutic modality. This study considers the implications of this for the training of psychologists. Fifty-five clinical psychology trainees from four university training programmes completed an anonymous questionnaire that collected written reports of countertransference experiences, ratings of confidence in managing these responses, and supervision in this regard. The reports were analysed using a process of thematic analysis. Several themes emerged including a desire to protect or rescue clients, feeling criticised or controlled by clients, feeling helpless, and feeling disengaged. Trainees varied in their reports of awareness of countertransference and the regularity of supervision in this regard. The majority reported a lack of confidence in managing their responses, and all reported interest in learning about countertransference. The implications for reflective practice in postgraduate psychology training are discussed. © 2014 The Australian Psychological Society.
Cashin, A, Stasa, H, Dunn, SV, Pont, L & Buckley, T 2014, 'Nurse practitioner prescribing practice in Australia: Confidence in aspects of medication management', International Journal of Nursing Practice, vol. 20, no. 1, pp. 1-7.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>
The findings of the 2010 national survey of nurse practitioner (NP) prescribing in Australia related to confidence in prescribing are reported. A significant correlation between years endorsed as a NP and prescribing confidence was found. NPs in Australia were significantly more confident in the prescribing aspects of commencing a new medication than adjusting or ceasing a medication prescribed by others. These findings are discussed in relation to promotion of the quality use of medicines and identification of potential strategies to promote the ongoing positive evolution of NP practice in Australia.
Chen, S, Hodge, C, Sutton, G & Versace, P 2014, 'Lacquer Cracks Developing After Phakic Intraocular Lens Implantation', Journal of Refractive Surgery, vol. 30, no. 9, pp. 646-648.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>
PURPOSE: To describe a case of lacquer cracks developing after phakic intraocular lens implantation. METHODS: Case report. RESULTS: A 46-year-old woman diagnosed as having extreme myopia and corrected distance visual acuity of 20/40 presented with decreased vision and a central scotoma less than 24 hours following phakic intraocular lens implantation. Dilated examination revealed the presence of a macular hemorrhage and possible lacquer crack formation. Documented preoperative imaging showed an absence of lacquer cracks in the eye that was operated on. The patient was treated with intravitreal bevacizumab. At 4 weeks postoperatively, imaging confirmed an almost complete resolution of the hemorrhagic pigment epithelial detachment with evidence of lacquer cracks. Uncorrected visual acuity was 20/50 and the patient was asymptomatic. CONCLUSIONS: This is the first reported case of macular crack formation immediately following phakic intraocular lens implantation. Possible contributing factors are discussed. [ J Refract Surg. 2014;30(9):646–648.]
Cooke, GM, Landguth, EL & Beheregaray, LB 2014, 'RIVERSCAPE GENETICS IDENTIFIES REPLICATED ECOLOGICAL DIVERGENCE ACROSS AN AMAZONIAN ECOTONE', Evolution, vol. 68, no. 7, pp. 1947-1960.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
Ding, D, Rogers, K, Macniven, R, Kamalesh, V, Kritharides, L, Chalmers, J & Bauman, A 2014, 'Revisiting lifestyle risk index assessment in a large Australian sample: Should sedentary behavior and sleep be included as additional risk factors?', Preventive Medicine, vol. 60, pp. 102-106.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>
Objective: Most studies on multiple health behaviors include physical inactivity, alcohol, diet, and smoking (PADS), with few including emerging lifestyle risks such as sleep or sitting. We examined whether adding sitting and sleep to a conventional lifestyle risk index improves the prediction of cross-sectional health outcomes (self-rated health, quality of life, psychological distress, and physical function). We also explored the demographic characteristics of adults with these multiple risk behaviors. Methods: We used baseline data of an Australian cohort study (n= 191,853) conducted in 2006-2008 in New South Wales. Lifestyle risk index was operationalized as 1) PADS, 2) PADS. +. sitting, 3) PADS. +. sleep, and 4) PADS. +. sitting. +. sleep. We estimated receiver operating characteristic curve for self-reported binary health outcomes and calculated the area under the curve to illustrate how well each index classified the outcome. We used multiple logistic regression to determine the demographic characteristics of adults with multiple lifestyle risks. Results: Adding sleep duration but not sitting time to the PADS index significantly improved the classification of all health outcomes. Men, those aged 45-54. years, those with 10 years of education or less, and those living in regional/remote areas had higher odds of multiple risk behaviors. Conclusions: Future research on multiple health behaviors might benefit from including sleep as an additional behavior. In Australia, unhealthy lifestyles tend to cluster in adults with certain demographic characteristics. © 2013 Elsevier Inc.
Dolton, MJ, Perera, V, Pont, LG & McLachlan, AJ 2014, 'Terbinafine in Combination with Other Antifungal Agents for Treatment of Resistant or Refractory Mycoses: Investigating Optimal Dosing Regimens Using a Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Model', Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, vol. 58, no. 1, pp. 48-54.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>
ABSTRACT Terbinafine is increasingly used in combination with other antifungal agents to treat resistant or refractory mycoses due to synergistic in vitro antifungal activity; high doses are commonly used, but limited data are available on systemic exposure, and no assessment of pharmacodynamic target attainment has been made. Using a physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model for terbinafine, this study aimed to predict total and unbound terbinafine concentrations in plasma with a range of high-dose regimens and also calculate predicted pharmacodynamic parameters for terbinafine. Predicted terbinafine concentrations accumulated significantly during the first 28 days of treatment; the area under the concentration-time curve (AUC)/MIC ratios and AUC for the free, unbound fraction ( f AUC)/MIC ratios increased by 54 to 62% on day 7 of treatment and by 80 to 92% on day 28 compared to day 1, depending on the dose regimen. Of the high-dose regimens investigated, 500 mg of terbinafine taken every 12 h provided the highest systemic exposure; on day 7 of treatment, the predicted AUC, maximum concentration ( C max ), and minimum concentration ( C min ) were approximately 4-fold, 1.9-fold, and 4.4-fold higher than with a standard-dose regimen of 250 mg once daily. Close agreement was seen between the concentrations predicted by the PBPK model and the observed concentrations, indicating good predictive performance. This study provides the first report of predicted terbinafine exposure in plasma with a range of high-dose regimens.
Donato, C, Shane, HC & Hemsley, B 2014, 'Exploring the feasibility of the Visual Language in Autism program for children in an early intervention group setting: Views of parents, educators, and health professionals', Developmental Neurorehabilitation, vol. 17, no. 2, pp. 115-124.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>
Objective: To explore the views of key stakeholders on using visual supports for children with developmental disabilities in early intervention group settings. Specifically, this study aimed to determine stakeholders' views on the barriers to and facilitators for the use of visual supports in these settings to inform the feasibility of implementing an immersive Visual Language in Autism program. Methods: This study involved three focus groups of parents, educators, and health professionals at one Australian early intervention group setting. Results: Lack of time, limited services, negative attitudes in society, and inconsistent use were cited as common barriers to using visual supports. Facilitators included having access to information and evidence on visual supports, increased awareness of visual supports, and the use of mobile technologies. Conclusion: The Visual Language in Autism program is feasible in early intervention group settings, if barriers to and facilitators for its use are addressed to enable an immersive visual language experience. © 2014 Informa UK Ltd.
Dorstyn, D, Roberts, R, Kneebone, I, Kennedy, P & Lieu, C 2014, 'Systematic Review of Leisure Therapy and Its Effectiveness in Managing Functional Outcomes in Stroke Rehabilitation', Topics in Stroke Rehabilitation, vol. 21, no. 1, pp. 40-51.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>
Background: Evidence suggests that the incorporation of leisure activities in adult stroke rehabilitation can contribute to improved physical, cognitive, and psychological outcomes. However, differences in study design and treatment delivery may affect these findings. Furthermore, the magnitude of therapeutic change associated with leisure therapy is unclear, with few quantitative reviews available. Objective: To synthesize and evaluate the empirical evidence examining leisure therapy in stroke rehabilitation. Methods: Eight independent studies (N = 615 participants) were identified from a comprehensive database search. Study quality was evaluated using the Oxford Levels of Evidence. Pre- and posttreatment data for participants who received leisure therapy, in comparison with peers who received standard care or no treatment, were evaluated by calculating Cohen's d effect sizes and 95% confidence intervals. Results: No studies met the criteria for the highest level of methodological rigor, although all used randomization procedures. Leisure therapy contributed to significant short-term improvements in psychological outcomes, namely quality of life and mood (d range, 2.10 to 0.54), in addition to leisure-specific outcomes, including increased participation in and satisfaction with leisure activities (d range, 0.81 to 1.23). Longer term effects of treatment could not be determined, with one study providing data and reporting nonsignificant effects (d range, -0.07 to 0.17). Conclusions: There is some evidence that leisure therapy offers an opportunity to enhance short-term treatment gains in community-based stroke rehabilitation. Further controlled research is needed to establish its longer term effects and assist the development of evidence-based guidelines for this treatment.
Evans, DGR, Barwell, J, Eccles, DM, Collins, A, Izatt, L, Jacobs, C, Donaldson, A, Brady, AF, Cuthbert, A, Harrison, R, Thomas, S, Howell, A, Miedzybrodzka, Z & Murray, A 2014, 'The Angelina Jolie effect: how high celebrity profile can have a major impact on provision of cancer related services', Breast Cancer Research, vol. 16, no. 5.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
Fikenzer, K, Knoll, A, Lenski, D, Schulz, M, Böhm, M & Laufs, U 2014, 'Chronische Herzinsuffizienz: Teufelskreis aus geringer Einnahmetreue von Medikamenten und kardialer Dekompensation', DMW - Deutsche Medizinische Wochenschrift, vol. 139, no. 47, pp. 2390-2394.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
Frydecka, D, Eissa, AM, Hewedi, DH, Ali, M, Drapała, JA, Misiak, BAE, Kłosińska, E, Phillips, JR & Moustafa, AA 2014, 'Impairments of working memory in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder: the effect of history of psychotic symptoms and different aspects of cognitive task demands', Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience, vol. 8, p. 416.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>
Comparisons of cognitive impairments between schizophrenia (SZ) and bipolar disorder (BPD) have produced mixed results. We applied different working memory (WM) measures (Digit Span Forward and Backward, Short-delay and Long-delay CPT-AX, N-back) to patients with SZ (n = 23), psychotic BPD (n = 19) and non-psychotic BPD (n = 24), as well as to healthy controls (HC) (n = 18) in order to compare the level of WM impairments across the groups. With respect to the less demanding WM measures (Digit Span Forward and Backward, Short-delay CPT-AX), there were no between group differences in cognitive performance; however, with respect to the more demanding WM measures (Long-delay CPT-AX, N-back), we observed that the groups with psychosis (SZ, psychotic BPD) did not differ from one another, but performed poorer than the group without a history of psychosis (non-psychotic BPD). A history of psychotic symptoms may influence cognitive performance with respect to WM delay and load effects as measured by Long-delay CPT-AX and N-back tests, respectively. We observed a positive correlation of WM performance with antipsychotic treatment and a negative correlation with depressive symptoms in BPD and with negative symptoms in SZ subgroup. Our study suggests that WM dysfunctions are more closely related to a history of psychosis than to the diagnostic categories of SZ and BPD described by psychiatric classification systems.
Golzan, SM, Butlin, M, Kouchaki, Z, Gupta, V, Avolio, A & Graham, SL 2014, 'Characterizing dynamic properties of retinal vessels in the rat eye using high speed imaging', Microvascular Research, vol. 92, pp. 56-61.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>
PURPOSE: The dynamic properties of retinal vessels including pulse wave propagation and pulsatility index provide new perspective in retinal hemodynamic analysis. In this study we utilize a high speed imaging system to capture these characteristics in the rat eye for the first time. METHODS: Retinal video images of 9 Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rats were captured at a rate of 250 frames per second for 10s with a 50° field of view using a high speed camera (Optronis, Kehl, Germany). Two recordings were taken from each rat at the same sites for repeatability analysis. The electrocardiogram (ECG) was measured simultaneously with retinal images. Arterial retinal pulse wave velocity (rPWV) and arterial/venous pulse amplitude were calculated from recorded images. Arterial measurements were repeated in another normotensive strain of the same age (Sprague-Dawley, n=4). RESULTS: The average WKY rPWV was 11.4 ± 6.1 cm/s. The differences between repeated measures were not significant (-2.8 ± 2.9 cm/s, p=0.2). Sprague-Dawley animals had a similar rPWV (9.8 ± 2.2 cm/s, p=0.61). The average arterial and venous pulse amplitude was 7.1 ± 1.5 μm and 8.2 ± 2.0 μm respectively. There was a positive correlation between rPWV and heart rate in the WKY groups (r(2)=0.32). A positive correlation was also obtained between arterial and venous diameter and their pulse amplitude (r(2)=0.67 and r(2)=0.37 respectively). CONCLUSION: rPWV was associated with heart rate. Higher pulsation amplitude was also correlated with larger vessel diameter. High speed imaging of retinal vessels in the rat eye provides an accurate and robust method to study dynamic characteristics of these vessels and their relationship with ocular and systemic abnormalities.
Grohn, B, Worrall, L, Simmons-Mackie, N & Hudson, K 2014, 'Living successfully with aphasia during the first year post-stroke: A longitudinal qualitative study', Aphasiology, vol. 28, no. 12, pp. 1405-1425.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
Gunn, A, Menzies, RG, O’Brian, S, Onslow, M, Packman, A, Lowe, R, Iverach, L, Heard, R & Block, S 2014, 'Axis I anxiety and mental health disorders among stuttering adolescents', Journal of Fluency Disorders, vol. 40, pp. 58-68.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate anxiety and psychological functioning among adolescents seeking speech therapy for stuttering using a structured, diagnostic interview and psychological questionnaires. This study also sought to determine whether any differences in psychological status were evident between younger and older adolescents. Method: Participants were 37 stuttering adolescents seeking stuttering treatment. We administered the Computerized Voice Version of the Diagnostic Interview Schedule for Children, and five psychometric tests. Participants were classified into younger (12-14 years; n=20) and older adolescents (15-17 years; n=17). Results: Thirty-eight percent of participants attained at least one diagnosis of a mental disorder, according to the diagnostic criteria of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition (DSM-IV; APA, 2000), with the majority of these diagnoses involving anxiety. This figure is double current estimates for general adolescent populations, and is consistent with our finding of moderate and moderate-severe quality of life impairment. Although many of the scores on psychological measures fell within the normal range, older adolescents (15-17 years) reported significantly higher anxiety, depression, reactions to stuttering, and emotional/behavioral problems, than younger adolescents (12-14 years). There was scant evidence that self-reported stuttering severity is correlated with mental health issues. There are good reasons to believe these results are conservative because many participants gave socially desirable responses about their mental health status. Discussion: These results reveal a need for large-scale, statistically powerful assessments of anxiety and other mental disorders among stuttering adolescents with reference to control populations.Educational Objectives: The reader will be able to: (a) explain the clinical importance of assessing for mental health with stuttering ad...
Guo, YE, Togher, L & Power, E 2014, 'Speech pathology services for people with aphasia: what is the current practice in Singapore?', Disability and Rehabilitation, vol. 36, no. 8, pp. 691-704.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
Gupta, G, Krishna, G, Chellappan, DK, Gubbiyappa, KS, Candasamy, M & Dua, K 2014, 'Protective effect of pioglitazone, a PPAR gamma agonist against acetaminophen-induced hepatotoxicity in rats', MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR BIOCHEMISTRY, vol. 393, no. 1-2, pp. 223-228.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>
Acetaminophen has a reasonable safety profile when consumed in therapeutic doses. However, it could induce hepatotoxicity and even acute liver failure when taken at an overdose. Pioglitazone, PPARγ ligand, is clinically tested and used in treatment of diabetes. PPARγ is a key nuclear hormone receptor of lipid metabolisms and regulates several gene transcriptions associated with differentiation, growth arrest, and apoptosis. The aim of our study was to evaluate the hepatoprotective activity of pioglitazone on acetaminophen-induced hepatotoxicity and to understand the relationship between the PPARγ and acetaminophen-induced hepato injury. For the experiment, Sprague-Dawley rats (160-180 g) were used and divided into four groups. Groups I and II were normal and experimental controls, respectively. Groups III and IV received the pioglitazone 20 mg/kg for 10 days. Hepatotoxicity was induced in Groups II and III on the eighth day with acetaminophen (i.p. 350 mg/kg body weight). The hepatoprotective effect was evaluated by performing an assay of the total protein, total bilirubin, alkaline phosphatase, aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, and α-fetoprotein as well as glutathione peroxidase, lipid peroxidation, catalase, superoxide dismutase, and glutathione transferase and liver histopathology. The assay results were presented as mean and standard error of mean for each group. The study group was compared with the control group by one-way ANOVA test. A p value of <0.05 was considered significant. Pioglitazone significantly reduced the elevated level of above serum marker enzymes and also inhibits the free radical formation by scavenging hydroxyl ions. It also restored the level of LPO and significantly elevated the levels of endogenous antioxidant enzymes in acetaminophen-challenged hepatotoxicity. Liver histopathological examination showed that pioglitazone administration antagonized acetaminophen -induced liver pathological damage. Various b...
Gupta, V, You, Y, Li, J, Gupta, V, Golzan, M, Klistorner, A, van den Buuse, M & Graham, S 2014, 'BDNF impairment is associated with age-related changes in the inner retina and exacerbates experimental glaucoma', Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular Basis of Disease, vol. 1842, no. 9, pp. 1567-1578.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>
Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) stimulation of its high-affinity receptor TrkB results in activation of pro-survival cell-signalling pathways that can afford neuroprotection to the retina. Reduction in retrograde axonal transport of neurotrophic factors such as BDNF from the brain to the neuronal cell bodies in the retina has been suggested as a critical factor underlying progressive and selective degeneration of ganglion cell layer and optic nerve in glaucoma. We investigated the role of BDNF in preserving inner retinal homeostasis in normal and glaucoma states using BDNF(+/-) mice and compared it with wild type controls. This study demonstrated that BDNF(+/-) animals were more susceptible to functional, morphological and molecular degenerative changes in the inner retina caused by age as well as upon exposure to experimental glaucoma caused by increased intraocular pressure. Glaucoma induced a down regulation of BDNF/TrkB signalling and an increase in levels of neurotoxic amyloid β 1-42 in the optic nerve head which were exacerbated in BDNF(+/-) mice. Similar results were obtained upon analysing the human optic nerve head tissues. Our data highlighted the role of BDNF in maintaining the inner retinal integrity under normal conditions and the detrimental effects of its insufficiency on the retina and optic nerve in glaucoma.
Hadely, KA, Power, E & O’Halloran, R 2014, 'Speech pathologists’ experiences with stroke clinical practice guidelines and the barriers and facilitators influencing their use: a national descriptive study', BMC Health Services Research, vol. 14, no. 1, p. 110.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>
Abstract Background Communication and swallowing disorders are a common consequence of stroke. Clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) have been created to assist health professionals to put research evidence into clinical practice and can improve stroke care outcomes. However, CPGs are often not successfully implemented in clinical practice and research is needed to explore the factors that influence speech pathologists’ implementation of stroke CPGs. This study aimed to describe speech pathologists’ experiences and current use of guidelines, and to identify what factors influence speech pathologists’ implementation of stroke CPGs. Methods Speech pathologists working in stroke rehabilitation who had used a stroke CPG were invited to complete a 39-item online survey. Content analysis and descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyse the data. Results 320 participants from all states and territories of Australia were surveyed. Almost all speech pathologists had used a stroke CPG and had found the guideline “somewhat useful” or “very useful”. Factors that speech pathologists perceived influenced CPG implementation included the: (a) guideline itself, (b) work environment, (c) aspects related to the speech pathologist themselves, (d) patient characteristics, and (e) types of implementation strategies provided. Conclusions There are many different factors that can influence speech pathologists’ implementation of CPGs. The factors that influenced the implementation of CPGs can be understood in terms of knowledge creation and im...
Haghi, M, Bebawy, M, Colombo, P, Forbes, B, Lewis, DA, Salama, R, Traini, D & Young, PM 2014, 'Towards the bioequivalence of pressurised metered dose inhalers 2. Aerodynamically equivalent particles (with and without glycerol) exhibit different biopharmaceutical profiles in vitro', EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICS AND BIOPHARMACEUTICS, vol. 86, no. 1, pp. 38-45.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>
Two solution-based pressurised metered dose inhaler (pMDI) formulations were prepared such that they delivered aerosols with identical mass median aerodynamic diameters, but contained either beclomethasone dipropionate (BDP) alone (glycerol-free formulation) or BDP and glycerol in a 1:1 mass ratio (glycerol-containing formulation). The two formulations were deposited onto Calu-3 respiratory epithelial cell layers cultured at an air interface. Equivalent drug mass (∼1000 ng or ∼2000 ng of the formulation) or equivalent particle number (1000 ng of BDP in the glycerol-containing versus 2000 ng of BDP in the glycerol-free formulation) were deposited as aerosolised particles on the air interfaced surface of the cell layers. The transfer rate of BDP across the cell layer after deposition of the glycerol-free particles was proportional to the mass deposited. In comparison, the transfer of BDP from the glycerol-containing formulation was independent of the mass deposited, suggesting that the release of BDP is modified in the presence of glycerol. The rate of BDP transfer (and the extent of metabolism) over 2 h was faster when delivered in glycerol-free particles, 465.01 ng ± 95.12 ng of the total drug (20.99 ± 4.29%; BDP plus active metabolite) transported across the cell layer, compared to 116.17 ng ± 3.07 ng (6.07 ± 0.16%) when the equivalent mass of BDP was deposited in glycerol-containing particles. These observations suggest that the presence of glycerol in the maturated aerosol particles may influence the disposition of BDP in the lungs.© 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Haghi, M, Chrzanowski, W, Traini, D, Wood, L, Oliver, B & Young, P 2014, 'THE ROLE OF DIETARY FATTY ACIDS IN TRANSPORT OF SALBUTAMOL ACROSS CALU-3 EPITHELIA', RESPIROLOGY, vol. 19, pp. 38-38.
Haghi, M, Ong, HX, Traini, D & Young, P 2014, 'Across the pulmonary epithelial barrier: Integration of physicochemical properties and human cell models to study pulmonary drug formulations', PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS, vol. 144, no. 3, pp. 235-252.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>
© 2014 Elsevier Inc. During the process of inhalable formulation development a deep knowledge of the physicochemical characteristics of the drug and formulation components and the biological properties of the airways is necessary. For example, the solubility and lipophilicity of a drug may affect therapeutic efficacy by changing the residence time of the microparticles at the airway surface. Furthermore, the properties of microparticles, such as shape, size and density, as well as the diseases of the respiratory tract, delivery device and inhalation manoeuvre will have an impact on where these microparticles are deposited. The airway epithelium is involved in the pathogenesis and treatment of respiratory diseases. Epithelial cells are directly exposed to the environment and respond to xenobiotics. In some cases, they are the site of action for drug molecules or the drug molecules might need to be transported across the epithelium to arrive at the site of action. The drug particles deposited on the respiratory epithelia have to interact with the mucus lining, dissolve and get transported through this layer. Despite advances in in vitro testing of respiratory epithelial permeability, there is little known about how and where drugs are absorbed at a cellular level and how long they reside in the lung. Therefore, pulmonary permeability assessment of drugs may provide insights that will allow formulations to be developed with optimised therapeutic outcomes. This review focuses on the integration of these physicochemical characteristics with the biological factors to provide a better understanding of the fate of microparticles after deposition on the epithelial cells.
Haghi, M, Traini, D & Young, P 2014, 'In Vitro Cell Integrated Impactor Deposition Methodology for the Study of Aerodynamically Relevant Size Fractions from Commercial Pressurised Metered Dose Inhalers', PHARMACEUTICAL RESEARCH, vol. 31, no. 7, pp. 1779-1787.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to present a modified Andersen cascade impactor (ACI) as a platform to evaluate the deposition and subsequent transport of aerosol micropaticles across airway epithelial cells. Methods: The impaction plate of an ACI was modified to accommodate up to eight Snapwells. Aerodynamic particle size distribution of the modified ACI was investigated with two commercially available formulations of Ventolin® (salbutamol sulphate) and QVAR® (beclomethasone dipropionate). Deposition and transport of these drug microparticles across sub-bronchial epithelial Calu-3 cells were also studied. Results: The modified ACI demonstrated reproducible deposition patterns of the commercially available pressurised metered dose inhalers compared to the standard ACI. Furthermore, the Calu-3 cells could be placed in different stages of the modified ACI. No significant effect was observed among the transport rate of different particle sizes deposited on Calu-3 cells within the range of 3.3 to 0.4 μm. Conclusions: The use of the cell compatible ACI to assess the fate of microparticles after deposition on the respiratory epithelia may allow for better understanding of deposited microparticles in vivo. © 2014 Springer Science+Business Media New York.
Hardy, LL, O'Hara, BJ, Rogers, K, St George, A & Bauman, A 2014, 'Contribution of Organized and Nonorganized Activity to Children's Motor Skills and Fitness', Journal of School Health, vol. 84, no. 11, pp. 690-696.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>
ABSTRACTBACKGROUNDTo examine the associations between children's organized physical activity (OPA), nonorganized physical activity (NOPA), and health‐related outcomes (fundamental movement skill [FMS] fitness).METHODSCross‐sectional survey of children aged 10‐16 years (N = 4273). Organized physical activity and NOPA were assessed by self‐report, FMS by process‐orientated criteria, and fitness by 20‐m shuttle run test.RESULTSBoys spent 97.5 minutes and girls 86.6 minutes in daily physical activity with the majority spent in OPA (boys, 56.3%; girls 60.5%). Organized physical activity increased with grade, whereas NOPA decreased. Organized physical activity and NOPA were associated with fitness, and OPA was consistently associated with FMS competency. Boys' fitness was associated with OPA and NOPA (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] 1.42, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.04, 1.94; AOR<...
Helgadóttir, FD, Menzies, RG, Onslow, M, Packman, A & O’Brian, S 2014, 'A standalone Internet cognitive behavior therapy treatment for social anxiety in adults who stutter: CBTpsych', Journal of Fluency Disorders, vol. 41, pp. 47-54.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>
© 2014 Elsevier Inc. Purpose: Social anxiety is common for those who stutter and efficacious cognitive behavior therapy (CBT) for them appears viable. However, there are difficulties with provision of CBT services for anxiety among those who stutter. Standalone Internet CBT treatment is a potential solution to those problems. CBTpsych is a fully automated, online social anxiety intervention for those who stutter. This report is a Phase I trial of CBTpsych. Method: Fourteen participants were allowed 5 months to complete seven sections of CBTpsych. Pre-treatment and post-treatment assessments tested for social anxiety, common unhelpful thoughts related to stuttering, quality of life and stuttering frequency. Results: Significant post-treatment improvements in social anxiety, unhelpful thoughts, and quality of life were reported. Five of seven participants diagnosed with social anxiety lost those diagnoses at post-treatment. The two participants who did not lose social anxiety diagnoses did not complete all the CBTpsych modules. CBTpsych did not improve stuttering frequency. Eleven of the fourteen participants who began treatment completed Section 4 or more of the CBTpsych intervention. Conclusions: CBTpsych provides a potential means to provide CBT treatment for social anxiety associated with stuttering, to any client without cost, regardless of location. Further clinical trials are warranted.Educational objectives: At the end of this activity the reader will be able to: (a) describe that social anxiety is common in those who stutter; (b) discuss the origin of social anxiety and the associated link with bullying; (c) summarize the problems in provision of effective evidence based cognitive behavior therapy for adults who stutter; (d) describe a scalable computerized treatment designed to tackle the service provision gap; (e) describe the unhelpful thoughts associated with stuttering that this fully automated computer program was able to tackle; (f) list the positiv...
Helgadottir, FD, Menzies, RG, Onslow, M, Packman, A & O'Brian, S 2014, 'Safety Behaviors and Speech Treatment for Adults Who Stutter', Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research, vol. 57, no. 4, pp. 1308-1313.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>
Purpose Those with anxiety use safety behaviors when attempting to prevent negative outcomes. There is evidence that these behaviors contribute to the persistence of anxiety disorders. Safety behaviors have been prominent in the cognitive behavior therapy literature during the last decade, particularly with social phobia management. However, nothing is known of safety behavior use by those who stutter. This is surprising given the high prevalence of social phobia in the stuttering population who seek clinical help. Method Clinical psychologists and speech-language pathologists (SLPs) created a list of safety behaviors that might be used by adults during treatment for stuttering. Participants were 160 SLPs who were asked whether they advised adults who stutter to use any of these safety behaviors. Results SLPs commonly recommend safety behaviors during stuttering management. Factor structures were found for the following 5 safety behavior categories: (a) general safety behaviors, (b) practice and rehearsal, (c) general avoidance, (d) choosing safe and easy people, and (e) control-related safety behaviors. Conclusions There is a need to determine the frequency with which adults who receive stuttering treatment follow these clinician recommendations. In addition, there is a need to experimentally determine whether following such recommendations prevents fear extinction at long-term follow-up.
Hemsley, B & Balandin, S 2014, 'A Metasynthesis of Patient-Provider Communication in Hospital for Patients with Severe Communication Disabilities: Informing New Translational Research', Augmentative and Alternative Communication, vol. 30, no. 4, pp. 329-343.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
Hemsley, B & Balandin, S 2014, 'Innovative Communication Rehabilitation in the year of the International Communication Project 2014', Developmental Neurorehabilitation, vol. 17, no. 2, pp. 73-74.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
Hemsley, B & Dann, S 2014, 'Social media and social marketing in relation to facilitated communication: Harnessing the affordances of social media for knowledge translation', Evidence-Based Communication Assessment and Intervention, vol. 8, no. 4, pp. 187-206.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>
© 2015 Taylor & Francis. Abstract: In this reply to Lilienfeld, Marshall, Todd, and Shane (2015) we provide a social marketing perspective on ways that facilitated communication (FC) is presented and discussed on social media platforms, in the field of augmentative and alternative communication (AAC). The growth in uptake and use of FC in recent years has occurred in the context of rapid growth in mobile technologies and AAC integrated with social media and online learning. Social media have been used to disseminate both materials that are supportive of FC and materials that provide scientific evidence of facilitator influence over authorship in FC. In order to illustrate how social media are being used to spread information about FC, we present a limited scan of two social media sites—Twitter™ and YouTube™—for information about FC. In this paper we discuss barriers to evidence and facilitators for FC in social media and consider the role that social marketing might play in relation to FC. Clinical implications for using social media to counter FC and directions for future research are discussed.
Hemsley, B, Lee, S, Munro, K, Seedat, N, Bastock, K & Davidson, B 2014, 'Supporting communication for children with cerebral palsy in hospital: Views of community and hospital staff', Developmental Neurorehabilitation, vol. 17, no. 3, pp. 156-166.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
Hemsley, B, Palmer, S & Balandin, S 2014, 'Tweet reach: A research protocol for using Twitter to increase information exchange in people with communication disabilities', Developmental Neurorehabilitation, vol. 17, no. 2, pp. 84-89.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
Henschke, N, Keuerleber, J, Ferreira, M, Maher, CG & Verhagen, AP 2014, 'The methodological quality of diagnostic test accuracy studies for musculoskeletal conditions can be improved', Journal of Clinical Epidemiology, vol. 67, no. 4, pp. 416-424.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
Hernández Rex, A, García-Delgado, P, Ocaña Arenas, A, García-Cárdenas, V, Labrador Barba, E, Orera Peña, ML & Martínez-Martínez, F 2014, 'Protocolo del estudio: Demanda y práctica farmacéutica en afección bucofaríngea en España. Estudio ACTUA', Farmacéuticos Comunitarios, vol. 6, no. 4, pp. 21-25.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
Hodge, C, Chan, C & Sutton, G 2014, 'Investigation of keratoconus in an Australian refractive population', Clinical & Experimental Ophthalmology, vol. 42, no. 8, pp. 796-798.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
Iverach, L, Menzies, RG & Menzies, RE 2014, 'Death anxiety and its role in psychopathology: Reviewing the status of a transdiagnostic construct', Clinical Psychology Review, vol. 34, no. 7, pp. 580-593.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>
© 2014 Elsevier Ltd. Death anxiety is considered to be a basic fear underlying the development and maintenance of numerous psychological conditions. Treatment of transdiagnostic constructs, such as death anxiety, may increase treatment efficacy across a range of disorders. Therefore, the purpose of the present review is to: (1) examine the role of Terror Management Theory (TMT) and Experimental Existential Psychology in understanding death anxiety as a transdiagnostic construct, (2) outline inventories used to evaluate the presence and severity of death anxiety, (3) review research evidence pertaining to the assessment and treatment of death anxiety in both non-clinical and clinical populations, and (4) discuss clinical implications and future research directions. Numerous inventories have been developed to evaluate the presence and severity of death anxiety, and research has provided compelling evidence that death anxiety is a significant issue, both theoretically and clinically. In particular, death anxiety appears to be a basic fear at the core of a range of mental disorders, including hypochondriasis, panic disorder, and anxiety and depressive disorders. Large-scale, controlled studies to determine the efficacy of well-established psychological therapies in the treatment of death anxiety as a transdiagnostic construct are warranted.
Jodar-Sanchez, I, Malet-Larrea, A, Martin, J, Garcia, L, Lopez del Amo, MP, Martinez-Martinez, F, Gastelurrutia-Garralda, MA, Garcia-Cardenas, MV, Sabater-Hernandez, D & Benrimoj, SI 2014, 'COST-UTILITY ANALYSIS OF A MEDICATION REVIEW WITH FOLLOW-UP FOR OLDER PEOPLE WITH POLYPHARMACY IN COMMUNITY PHARMACIES IN SPAIN: CONSIGUE PROGRAM', VALUE IN HEALTH, vol. 17, no. 7, pp. A511-A512.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
Karimi, H, Jones, M, O'Brian, S & Onslow, M 2014, 'Clinician percent syllables stuttered, clinician severity ratings and speaker severity ratings: are they interchangeable?', International Journal of Language & Communication Disorders, vol. 49, no. 3, pp. 364-368.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>
AbstractBackgroundAt present, percent syllables stuttered (%SS) is the gold standard outcome measure for behavioural stuttering treatment research. However, ordinal severity rating (SR) procedures have some inherent advantages over that method.AimsTo establish the relationship between Clinician %SS, Clinician SR and self‐reported Speaker SR. To investigate whether Clinician SRs and Speaker SRs can be used interchangeably.Method & ProceduresParticipants were three experienced speech–language pathologist (SLP) judges and 87 adults who stuttered. Adults who stuttered received a 10‐min unscheduled telephone call at the conclusion of which they self‐reported a SR using a nine‐point scale. The SLPs measured the stuttering for these conversations with %SS and also with the SR scale. The mean scores for Clinician %SS and Clinician SR were compared with Speaker SR using appropriate indices of relative and absolute reliability. Relative reliability indices deal with the rank order of participants in a sample and whether they can be distinguished from each other. However, absolute reliability indices are related to the closeness of the measurement scores to each other and to a hypothetical true score.Outcomes & ResultsStrong correlations were found between Clinician %SS and Clinician SR, and also between Clinician %SS and Speaker SR, although with higher values in the former case. Additionally, very high correlations showed acceptable relative reliability between Clinician SR and Speaker SR. However, absolute reliability in terms of standard error of measurement and limits of agreement was poor for Clinician SR and Speaker SR.Conclusions & Implications
Karimi, H, O’Brian, S, Onslow, M & Jones, M 2014, 'Absolute and Relative Reliability of Percentage of Syllables Stuttered and Severity Rating Scales', Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research, vol. 57, no. 4, pp. 1284-1295.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>
Purpose Percentage of syllables stuttered (%SS) and severity rating (SR) scales are measures in common use to quantify stuttering severity and its changes during basic and clinical research conditions. However, their reliability has not been assessed with indices measuring both relative and absolute reliability. This study was designed to provide such information. Relative reliability deals with the rank order of participants in a sample, whereas absolute reliability measures the closeness of scores to one other and to a hypothetical true score. Method Eighty-seven adult participants who stutter received a 10-min unscheduled telephone call. Three experienced judges measured %SS and also used a 9-point SR scale to measure stuttering severity from recordings of the telephone calls. Results Relative intrajudge and interjudge reliability were satisfactory for both scales. However, absolute intrajudge and interjudge reliability were not satisfactory. Results showed that paired-judge SR and %SS procedures improved absolute reliability compared with single-judge measures. Additionally, the paired-judge procedure improved relative reliability from high to very high levels. Conclusion Measurement of group changes of stuttering severity can be done in research contexts using either %SS or SR. However, for detecting changes within individuals using such measures, a paired-judge procedure is a more reliable method.
Karimi, H, O'Brian, S, Onslow, M, Jones, M, Menzies, R & Packman, A 2014, 'Erratum', Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research, vol. 57, no. 2, pp. 705-705.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
Kefalianos, E, Onslow, M, Ukoumunne, O, Block, S & Reilly, S 2014, 'Stuttering, Temperament, and Anxiety: Data From a Community Cohort Ages 2–4 Years', Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research, vol. 57, no. 4, pp. 1314-1322.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>
Purpose The purpose of this study was to ascertain whether and when temperament differences, including precursors of anxiety, emerge before onset and during stuttering development. Method The authors prospectively studied temperament characteristics of a community cohort of children who stutter ( N = 183) and children in the control group ( N = 1,261). Results No significant differences were found at ages 2, 3, or 4 years between children who stutter and control children for approach or at ages 3 or 4 years for easy/difficult temperament. Both of these measures are precursors of anxiety. Significant differences were found for reactivity and persistence at age 3 years. Children who stutter were less reactive to environmental stimuli and had a reduced ability to attend to a task until completion. There was no evidence of this difference for persistence at age 4 years. Reactivity was not measured at age 4 years. Conclusion On the basis of parents' responses to the Short Temperament Scale, preschoolers who stutter did not have innately different temperaments from control children on ...
Khandaker, G, Patel, V & Rashid, H 2014, 'Editorial (Thematic Issue: “Infectious Diseases in Asia-Pacific: Historical and Contemporary Perspectives”)', Infectious Disorders - Drug Targets, vol. 14, no. 2, pp. 76-77.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
Kneebone, I, Walker-Samuel, N, Swanston, J & Otto, E 2014, 'Relaxation training after stroke: potential to reduce anxiety', Disability and Rehabilitation, vol. 36, no. 9, pp. 771-774.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>
Objective: To consider the feasibility of setting up a relaxation group to treat symptoms of post stroke anxiety in an in-patient post-acute setting; and to explore the effectiveness of relaxation training in reducing self-reported tension. Method: A relaxation group protocol was developed in consultation with a multidisciplinary team and a user group. Over a period of 24 months, 55 stroke patients attended group autogenic relaxation training on a rehabilitation ward. Attendance ranged between one and eleven sessions. Self-reported tension was assessed pre and post relaxation training using the Tension Rating Circles (TRCs). Results: The TRCs identified a significant reduction in self-reported tension from pre to post training, irrespective of the number of sessions attended; z=-3.656, p<0.001, r=-0.67, for those who attended multiple sessions, z=-2.758, p<0.01, r=-0.6 for those who attended a single session. Discussion: The routine use of relaxation techniques in treating anxiety in patients undergoing post-stroke rehabilitation shows potential. Self-reported tension decreased after attendance at relaxation training. The TRCs proved acceptable to group members, but should be validated against standard anxiety measures. Further exploration of the application of relaxation techniques in clinical practice is desirable.Implications for RehabilitationAnxiety is prevalent after stroke and likely affects rehabilitation outcomes.Relaxation training is a well proven treatment for anxiety in the non-stroke population.A significant within session reduction in tension, a hallmark symptom of anxiety, was evidenced via group relaxation training delivered in a post-acute, in-patient stroke unit setting.Relaxation training a shows promise as a treatment for anxiety after stroke. © 2014 Informa UK Ltd.
Lam, MK, Nguyen, M, Lowe, R, Nagarajan, SV & Lincoln, M 2014, ''I can do it': does confidence and perceived ability in learning new ICT skills predict pre-service health professionals' attitude towards engaging in e-healthcare?', Stud Health Technol Inform, vol. 204, pp. 60-66.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>
BACKGROUND: There are many factors affecting health professionals' willingness to engage in e-health. One of these factors is whether health professionals perceive themselves to be able to learn new skills, and have the confidence in mastering these new Information and Communication Technology (ICT) skills. OBJECTIVE: This study examined how health students' confidence and perceived ability for learning new ICT skills affect their attitude towards engaging in e-health. METHODS: A survey was conducted to explore students' attitude towards using e-health and their perceived self-efficacy and confidence to learn new ICT skills. Multiple regression analysis was used to examine the relationship between confidence and self-efficacy, and attitude towards engaging in e-health controlling for participants' age, gender, and prior IT learning experience. RESULTS: The three scales measuring attitude, confidence and self-efficacy showed good internal consistency with respective Cronbach's Alpha scores of 0.835, 0.761 and 0.762. Multiple regression analysis showed a significant relationship between confidence, self-efficacy and prior IT learning experiences with attitude towards e-health after adjusting for the effect of each other (F3,350=17.20,p<0.001). CONCLUSION: Self-efficacy and confidence in learning new ICT skills together with previous ICT training either at or outside their university studies are significant factors associated with students' attitude towards using e-health. Enhancing students' level of self-efficacy in learning new ICT skills may be the key to the success of implementation of e-health initiatives.
Larkin, B, Cottingham, M & Pate, J 2014, 'Exploring the legitimacy of wheelchair basketball as an NCAA emerging sport', Journal for the Study of Sports and Athletes in Education, vol. 8, no. 3, pp. 168-185.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
Lewis, DA, Young, PM, Buttini, F, Church, T, Colombo, P, Forbes, B, Haghi, M, Johnson, R, O'Shea, H, Salama, R & Traini, D 2014, 'Towards the bioequivalence of pressurised metered dose inhalers 1: Design and characterisation of aerodynamically equivalent beclomethasone dipropionate inhalers with and without glycerol as a non-volatile excipient', EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICS AND BIOPHARMACEUTICS, vol. 86, no. 1, pp. 31-37.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>
A series of semi-empirical equations were utilised to design two solution based pressurised metered dose inhaler (pMDI) formulations, with equivalent aerosol performance but different physicochemical properties. Both inhaler formulations contained the drug, beclomethasone dipropionate (BDP), a volatile mixture of ethanol co-solvent and propellant (hydrofluoroalkane-HFA). However, one formulation was designed such that the emitted aerosol particles contained BDP and glycerol, a common inhalation particle modifying excipient, in a 1:1 mass ratio. By modifying the formulation parameters, including actuator orifice, HFA and metering volumes, it was possible to produce two formulations (glycerol-free and glycerol-containing) which had identical mass median aerodynamic diameters (2.4 μm ± 0.1 and 2.5 μm ± 0.2), fine particle dose (≤5 μm; 66 μg ± 6 and 68 μg ± 2) and fine particle fractions (28% ± 2% and 30% ± 1%), respectively. These observations demonstrate that it is possible to engineer formulations that generate aerosol particles with very different compositions to have similar emitted dose and in vitro deposition profiles, thus making them equivalent in terms of aerosol performance. Analysis of the physicochemical properties of each formulation identified significant differences in terms of morphology, thermal properties and drug dissolution of emitted particles. The particles produced from both formulations were amorphous; however, the formulation containing glycerol generated particles with a porous structure, while the glycerol-free formulation generated particles with a primarily spherical morphology. Furthermore, the glycerol-containing particles had a significantly lower dissolution rate (7.8% ± 2.1%, over 180 min) compared to the glycerol-free particles (58.0% ± 2.9%, over 60 min) when measured using a Franz diffusion cell. It is hypothesised that the presence of glycerol in the emitted aerosol particles altered solubility and drug transport, whic...
Lin, CC, Verwoerd, AJH, Maher, CG, Verhagen, AP, Pinto, RZ, Luijsterburg, PAJ & Hancock, MJ 2014, 'How is radiating leg pain defined in randomized controlled trials of conservative treatments in primary care? A systematic review', European Journal of Pain, vol. 18, no. 4, pp. 455-464.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>
AbstractMany terms exist to describe radiating leg pain or symptoms associated with back pain (e.g., sciatica or radiculopathy) and it appears that these terms are used inconsistently. We examined the terms used to describe, and the eligibility criteria used to define, radiating leg pain in randomized controlled trials of conservative treatments, and evaluated how the eligibility criteria compared to an international pain taxonomy. Eligible studies were identified from two systematic reviews and an updated search of their search strategy. Studies were included if they recruited adults with radiating leg pain associated with back pain. Two independent reviewers screened the studies and extracted data. Studies were grouped according to the terms used to describe radiating leg pain. Thirty‐one of the seventy‐seven included studies used multiple terms to describe radiating leg pain; the most commonly used terms were sciatica (60 studies) and disc herniation (19 studies). Most studies that used the term sciatica included pain distribution in the eligibility criteria, but studies were inconsistent in including signs (e.g., neurological deficits) and imaging findings. Similarly, studies that used other terms to describe radiating leg pain used inconsistent eligibility criteria between studies and to the pain taxonomy, except that positive imaging findings were required for almost all studies that used disc herniation to describe radiating leg pain. In view of the varying terms to describe, and eligibility criteria to define, radiating leg pain, consensus needs to be reached for each of communication and comparison between studies.
Linley‐Adams, B, Morris, R & Kneebone, I 2014, 'The Behavioural Outcomes of Anxiety scale (BOA): A preliminary validation in stroke survivors', British Journal of Clinical Psychology, vol. 53, no. 4, pp. 451-467.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>
ObjectivesTo determine the psychometric properties of an observational scale of anxiety.DesignA cross‐sectional and longitudinal survey with stroke survivor–carer dyads.MethodsEighty‐nine dyads recruited in community stroke groups completed: a demographic questionnaire; the Behavioural Outcomes of Anxiety scale (BOA), survivor‐rated (survivor BOA) and carer‐rated (carer BOA) versions; the anxiety scale of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scales (HADS‐A), also in carer and survivor versions. Twenty‐seven survivors and carers repeated the BOA after 1 week.ResultsCorrelations between the carer BOA and the survivor HADS‐A (r = .55, p < .001) and the survivor BOA (r = .73, p < .001) demonstrated construct validity. Cronbach's alpha for the carer BOA was .81; item statistics did not identify any items for exclusion. The test–retest coefficient at 1 week was 0.83. Receiver operating characteristic analysis against the survivor HADS‐A and BOA produced areas under the curve of 0.75 and 0.88, respectively. At a cut‐off score of 13/14 sensitivity and specificity against the HADS‐A were 0.77 and 0.58, respectively, and 0.86 and 0.68 against the survivor BOA. The impact of stroke on memory was associated with elevated anxiety. Scores for both BOA versions were independent of demographic variables.ConclusionsThe carer BOA has acceptable psychometric properties and is independent of survivor demographic variables such as age. It identifies self‐reported cases with acceptable sensitivity and specificity. It has potential for use with persons unable to self‐report a...
Lu, SH, Dear, BF, Johnston, L, Wootton, BM & Titov, N 2014, 'An internet survey of emotional health, treatment seeking and barriers to accessing mental health treatment among Chinese-speaking international students in Australia', Counselling Psychology Quarterly, vol. 27, no. 1, pp. 96-108.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>
The present internet survey examined the demographic characteristics of Chinese-speaking international students in Australia, psychological distress levels as measured by the Kessler-10 (K-10) Item scale, help-seeking history and preferences, as well as treatment barriers. Of the 144 respondents, 54% reported high psychological distress (mean K-10 score = 23.96; SD = 9.03). However, only 9% of those who were highly distressed reported they had sought mental health services in the past year. While the majority preferred help from informal social networks, they tended to favour mental health services over traditional culture-specific forms of help. Common barriers to accessing mental health services reported by respondents with high psychological distress included costs or transportation concerns, limited knowledge of available services, time constraints, the perception that symptoms were not severe enough to warrant treatment, language difficulties and lack of knowledge of symptoms of psychological distress. Although the majority preferred face-to-face treatments over internet treatments, a considerable percentage of respondents were willing to try either treatment modality. Chinese-speaking international students are a high risk group for developing psychological distress, yet they tend to underuse mental health services. Education about the effectiveness of face-to-face and online treatments may increase treatment seeking by this population. © 2013 Taylor & Francis.
Major, RE, Johnson, RN, King, AG, Cooke, GM & Sladek, JLT 2014, 'Genetic isolation of endangered bird populations inhabiting salt marsh remnants surrounded by intensive urbanization', Animal Conservation, vol. 17, no. 5, pp. 419-429.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>
AbstractUrbanization represents the most extreme form of land cover transformation and is expected to restrict dispersal of animals, both because of the structural unsuitability of the novel habitat, as well as through mechanisms associated with human activity, such as disturbance. Fragmentation of populations by urbanization is considered to be a significant threat to several endangered bird populations, although isolation has seldom been demonstrated genetically. The aim of this study was to explore the utility of genetic criteria for identifying at‐risk populations, using a salt‐marsh‐inhabiting bird, the white‐fronted chat Epthianura albifrons, as a case study. DNA was extracted from feathers from 78 individuals from five sites, including two salt marsh remnants situated within the intensively urbanized zone of a city of more than three million people, and three sites up to 500 km distant. Microsatellite markers were used to measure genetic diversity and compare genetic structure between populations. Analyses of population structure demonstrated that the two populations surrounded by intensive urban development were genetically distinct from each other despite being separated by less than 20 km. They were also distinct from larger populations beyond the urban zone that showed much lower levels of genetic differentiation and no evidence of isolation by distance, despite being separated by continuous forest, which is not a recognized habitat for this species. The two endangered populations had low levels of genetic diversity reflected in the number of alleles and heterozygosity. Two immigrants were detected in one of the isolated populations, but their reproductive success was very low and they failed to effect genetic rescue. This study demons...
Martin, AI, Hodge, C, Lawless, M, Roberts, T, Hughes, P & Sutton, G 2014, 'Femtosecond laser cataract surgery', Current Opinion in Ophthalmology, vol. 25, no. 1, pp. 71-80.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
Martin, AI, Hughes, P & Hodge, C 2014, 'First report of femtosecond laser cataract surgery in a nanophthalmic eye', Clinical & Experimental Ophthalmology, vol. 42, no. 5, pp. 501-502.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
Martin, K-J, Lincoln, N, das Nair, R & Kneebone, I 2014, 'Group-based memory rehabilitation for people with multiple sclerosis: Subgroup analysis of the ReMiND trial', International Journal of Therapy and Rehabilitation, vol. 21, no. 12, pp. 590-596.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>
Background/Aim Memory problems are frequently reported in people with multiple sclerosis (MS). These can be debilitating and affect individuals and their families. This subgroup analysis focused on the effectiveness of memory rehabilitation in patients with MS. Methods Data were extracted from a single-blind randomised controlled trial, the ReMiND trial, which also included participants with traumatic brain injury and stroke. Participants were randomly allocated to compensation or restitution treatment programmes, or a self-help control. The programmes were manual-based and comprised two individual sessions and ten group sessions. Outcome measures included assessments of memory, mood and activities of daily living. A total of 39 patients with MS participated in this study (ten males (26%), 29 females (74%); mean±SD age: 48.3±10.8 years). Results Comparison of groups showed no significant effect of treatment on memory, but there were significant differences between compensation and restitution on self-report symptoms of emotional distress at both five- (p=0.04) and seven-month (p=0.05) follow-up sessions. The compensation group showed less distress than the restitution group. Conclusions Individuals with MS who received compensation memory rehabilitation reported significantly less emotional distress than those who received restitution. Further research is needed to explore why self-reported memory problems did not differ between groups.
McDonald, S, Sharpe, L & Blaszczynski, A 2014, 'The psychosocial impact associated with diabetes‐related amputation', Diabetic Medicine, vol. 31, no. 11, pp. 1424-1430.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>
AbstractAimsResearch has suggested that the additional impact of a diabetes‐related amputation is associated with poorer physical functioning, poorer psychosocial outcome and greater body image disturbance. However, no study to date has compared patients with diabetes with and without amputation and adequately controlled for additional medical morbidity often found among individuals with an amputation. The aim of this study was to statistically control for any group differences on medical and demographic variables to examine the isolated psychosocial impact of diabetes‐related amputation.MethodsIndividuals with diabetes with an amputation (n = 50) were compared to a control sample (individuals with diabetes without an amputation; n = 240). All participants completed a demographic and medical questionnaire, as well as measures of psychological distress, quality of life and body image.ResultsThe results indicated that, in univariate analyses, depression, physical quality of life and body image disturbance were all poorer in the amputee group. These differences remained for body image disturbance (P = 0.005), but were no longer significant for depression or physical quality of life in multivariate analyses controlling for important demographic and medical variables.ConclusionsThe present study found that the impact of diabetes‐related amputation was significant for body image disturbance. However, it appears that other psychosocial outcomes are better accounted for by medical co‐morbidities common in this group rather than the amputation itself. This research certainly highlights that clinicians must assess for and address a...
Mehta, P 2014, 'Acute Care Handbook for Physical Therapists', New Zealand Journal of Physiotherapy.
Mehta, P, Claydon, LS, Mani, R, Hendrick, P & Baxter, DG 2014, 'Investigating the psychometric properties of patient reported outcome measures in individuals with chronic diabetic neuropathic pain: prospective longitudinal cohort study protocol', Physical Therapy Reviews, vol. 19, no. 6, pp. 440-446.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
Moghe, R, Cheung, JMY, Saini, B, Marshall, NS & Williams, KA 2014, 'Consumers using the Internet for insomnia information: The who, what, and why', Sleep and Biological Rhythms, vol. 12, no. 4, pp. 297-304.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>
Information obtained from the Internet often influences the treatment choices of patients with insomnia. This study explored patterns of online information seeking and utilization among patients with insomnia. A total of 1013 participants took part in an online survey about sleep health information between July 2012 and March 2013. Participants also completed the Insomnia Severity Index and the Dysfunctional Beliefs and Attitudes about Sleep Scale. The results showed that those seeking insomnia-related information resources frequently searched online, and the information found appeared to influence important health behaviors such as treatment decisions, taking medication and whether to seek professional care. Information of interest revolved around insomnia treatment options and symptomology. While no predictors for Internet use were identified, the Internet does represent an important health-care portal for insomnia patients and warrants further investigation as targeted e-health interventions become more prominent in the routine management of insomnia.
Morgans, CL, Cooke, GM & Ord, TJ 2014, 'How populations differentiate despite gene flow: sexual and natural selection drive phenotypic divergence within a land fish, the Pacific leaping blenny', BMC Evolutionary Biology, vol. 14, no. 1, pp. 97-97.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
Mutsaers, J-HAM, Pool-Goudzwaard, AL, Ostelo, RWJG, Peters, R, Koes, BW & Verhagen, AP 2014, 'The psychometric properties of the PABS-PT in neck pain patients: A validation study', Manual Therapy, vol. 19, no. 3, pp. 208-214.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
Newton-John, TRO 2014, 'Negotiating the Maze: Risk Factors for Suicidal Behavior in Chronic Pain Patients', CURRENT PAIN AND HEADACHE REPORTS, vol. 18, no. 9.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>
© 2014, Springer Science+Business Media New York. Chronic pain disorders can exert major negative effects on virtually every aspect of an individual’s life. It is not surprising then that many chronic pain sufferers find themselves at a point of emotional fragility where they experience thoughts of ending their life. Suicidal behavior encompasses a spectrum of experience, from “life weariness” or passive suicidal ideation, to more active suicidal intent and suicide completion. A range of risk factors for suicidal behavior in the general population have been identified, and these apply equally to the chronic pain population: a family history of mental illness, past history of suicide attempts, and the presence of comorbid depression. With regard specifically to chronic pain patients, elevated suicide risk is also associated with severe or recurrent headache, ambiguous diagnoses (psychogenic pain, abdominal pain), and medicolegal issues related to the pain. A number of suggestions for clinicians managing chronic pain patients with regards to managing suicide risk are given.
Newton-John, TRO, Mason, C & Hunter, M 2014, 'The Role of Resilience in Adjustment and Coping With Chronic Pain', REHABILITATION PSYCHOLOGY, vol. 59, no. 3, pp. 360-365.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>
Purpose: In clinical practice, it is often noted that some individuals struggle with chronic pain, while others find effective means to cope. The purpose of this study was to better understand how resilience fits into coping with persistent pain problems. Of interest was whether measures of resilience add to the prediction of adjustment to chronic pain over and above measures of pain coping as typically used with this patient group. Method: Individuals (N = 101) with chronic pain who attended an initial assessment at a pain clinic completed self-report measures of resilience and coping. Pain related outcome data were also collected. Results: Bivariate correlations indicated that higher resilience was associated with significantly less fear avoidance, less pain-related disability, and lower reported pain intensity. Consistent with theoretical propositions, bivariate analyses also indicated that more resilient individuals with chronic pain reported better social support, and were more likely to be working. Higher resilience was also positively correlated with greater pain self-efficacy. However, when hierarchical regression analyses were performed, resilience did not add significantly to the prediction of depression scores and disability scores, over and above the contribution made by existing measures of pain coping. Conclusion: These findings suggest that, although the construct of resilience appears to have important relationships with various dimensions of chronic pain, as currently operationalized, it does not add significantly to the understanding of chronic-pain adjustment. Rather than abandoning the resilience construct, our findings suggest that resilience as applied to the problem of chronic pain may require a refinement in measurement with this population. © 2014 American Psychological Association.
O’Brian, S, Smith, K & Onslow, M 2014, 'Webcam Delivery of the Lidcombe Program for Early Stuttering: A Phase I Clinical Trial', Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research, vol. 57, no. 3, pp. 825-830.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>
Purpose The Lidcombe Program is an operant treatment for early stuttering shown with meta-analysis to have a favorable odds ratio. However, many clients are unable to access the treatment because of distance and lifestyle factors. In this Phase I trial, we explored the potential efficacy, practicality, and viability of an Internet webcam Lidcombe Program service delivery model. Method Participants were 3 preschool children who stuttered and their parents, all of whom received assessment and treatment using webcam in their homes with no clinic attendance. Results At 6 months post–Stage 1 completion, all children were stuttering below 1.0% syllables stuttered. The webcam intervention was acceptable to the parents and appeared to be practical and viable, with only occasional audiovisual problems. At present, there is no reason to doubt that a webcam-delivered Lidcombe Program will be shown with clinical trials to have comparable efficacy with the clinic version. Conclusion Webcam-delivered Lidcombe Program intervention is potentially efficacious, is practical and viable, and requires further exploration with comparative clinical trials and a qualitative study of parent and caregiver experiences.
Packman, A & Onslow, M 2014, 'Inbox: Early Intervention for Stuttering: Addressing Misunderstandings', The ASHA Leader, vol. 19, no. 1, pp. 4-4.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
Penney, ES & Abbott, MJ 2014, 'Anticipatory and Post-Event Rumination in Social Anxiety Disorder: A Review of the Theoretical and Empirical Literature', Behaviour Change, vol. 31, no. 2, pp. 79-101.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>
Social anxiety disorder (SAD) is a psychological disorder characterised by an excessive and persistent fear of social or performance situations, which interferes with daily functioning. Cognitive models of SAD (Clark & Wells, 1995; Hofmann, 2007; Rapee & Heimberg, 1997) emphasise the importance of negative pre- and post-event rumination as a maintaining factor in the cycle of SAD. While the link between negative rumination and SAD is well supported by empirical research, little is understood about this cognitively important process; thus, research investigating the predictors of negative rumination in SAD is important to consider. Within the current literature, performance appraisal appears to be the most likely unique cognitive predictor of post-event rumination. There is limited research into cognitive predictors of pre-event rumination. Treatments targeting this maintaining factor are important to consider. Suggestions for future research examining the cognitive models of SAD by experimentally manipulating perceived social standards in order to examine the impact of high and low perceived social standard on appraisal processes (i.e., threat appraisal and performance appraisal), state social anxiety, and negative pre-event and post-event rumination, are proposed. Implications for theoretical models and efficacious treatments for SAD are discussed.
Pérez-Escamilla, B, García-Cárdenas, V, Gastelurrutia, MA, Varas, R, Sáez-Benito, L, Martínez-Martínez, F & Benrimoj, SI 2014, 'Perception of Practice Change Facilitators on the professional future of this new job in community pharmacy', Pharmaceutical Care Espana, vol. 16, no. 3, pp. 81-88.
View description>>
Objective: To explore opinions and perceptions of Practice Change Facilitator of their training and experiences in assisting in the implementation of Medication Reviews with follow- up in Spanish community pharmacy. Methods: A focus group of six Practice Change Facilitators was conducted at the headquarters of the Spanish General Council of Pharmacists' Associations. A semi-structured interview guide was used. Results: Two domains emerged underpinned by a number of themes. One domain was related to the interaction between the pharmacy and the Practice Change Facilitator. This included their role as a motivator, a facilitator of internal and external communication, and teacher of the clinical aspects and methodological issues of the process of medication reviews with a follow-up. The second domain was composed of themes including personal traits and characteristics, and by work-related conditions such as flexibility of the individual and contractual obligations. Conclusions: This paper provides qualitative evidence which can be used by employers to further define the role, functions and optimal personal traits of Practice Change Facilitators.
Pont, L, Alhawassi, T, Bajorek, B & Krass, I 2014, 'A systematic review of the prevalence and risk factors for adverse drug reactions in the elderly in the acute care setting', Clinical Interventions in Aging, vol. 9, pp. 2079-2079.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>
© 2014 Alhawassi et al. Adverse drug reactions (ADRs) are an important health issue. While prevalence and risk factors associated with ADRs in the general adult population have been well documented, much less is known about ADRs in the elderly population. The aim of this study was to review the published literature to estimate the prevalence of ADRs in the elderly in the acute care setting and identify factors associated with an increased risk of an ADR in the elderly. A systematic review of studies published between 2003 and 2013 was conducted in the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, EMBASE, Google Scholar and MEDLINE. Key search terms included: “adverse drug reactions”, “adverse effects”, “elderly patients and hospital admission”, “drug therapy”, “drug adverse effects”, “drug related”, “aged”, “older patients”, “geriatric”, “hospitalization”, and “emergency admissions”. For inclusion in the review, studies had to focus on ADRs in the elderly and had to include an explicit definition of what was considered an ADR and/or an explicit assessment of causality, and a clear description of the method used for ADR identification, and had to describe factors associated with an increased risk of an ADR. Fourteen hospital-based observational studies exploring ADRs in the elderly in the acute care setting were eligible for inclusion in this review. The mean prevalence of ADRs in the elderly in the studies included in this review was 11.0% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 5.1%–16.8%). The median prevalence of ADRs leading to hospitalization was 10.0% (95% CI: 7.2%–12.8%), while the prevalence of ADRs occurring during hospitalization was 11.5% (95% CI: 0%–27.7%). There was wide variation in the overall ADR prevalence, from 5.8% to 46.3%. Female sex, increased comorbid complexity, and increased number of medications were all significantly associated with an increased risk of an ADR. Retrospective studies and those relying on identification by the usual treating ...
Protti, DA, Di Marco, S, Huang, JY, Vonhoff, CR, Nguyen, V & Solomon, SG 2014, 'Inner retinal inhibition shapes the receptive field of retinal ganglion cells in primate', JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-LONDON, vol. 592, no. 1, pp. 49-65.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>
The centre-surround organisation of receptive fields is a feature of most retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) and is critical for spatial discrimination and contrast detection. Although lateral inhibitory processes are known to be important in generating the receptive field surround, the contribution of each of the two synaptic layers in the primate retina remains unclear. Here we studied the spatial organisation of excitatory and inhibitory synaptic inputs onto ON and OFF ganglion cells in the primate retina. All RGCs showed an increase in excitation in response to stimulus of preferred polarity. Inhibition onto RGCs comprised two types of responses to preferred polarity: some RGCs showed an increase in inhibition whilst others showed removal of tonic inhibition. Excitatory inputs were strongly spatially tuned but inhibitory inputs showed more variable organisation: in some neurons they were as strongly tuned as excitation, and in others inhibitory inputs showed no spatial tuning. We targeted one source of inner retinal inhibition by functionally ablating spiking amacrine cells with bath application of tetrodotoxin (TTX). TTX significantly reduced the spatial tuning of excitatory inputs. In addition, TTX reduced inhibition onto those RGCs where a stimulus of preferred polarity increased inhibition. Reconstruction of the spatial tuning properties by somatic injection of excitatory and inhibitory synaptic conductances verified that TTX-mediated inhibition onto bipolar cells increases the strength of the surround in RGC spiking output. These results indicate that in the primate retina inhibitory mechanisms in the inner plexiform layer sharpen the spatial tuning of ganglion cells. © 2013 The Physiological Society.
Roberts, TV, Lawless, M, Chan, CCK, Jacobs, M, Ng, D, Bali, SJ, Hodge, C & Sutton, G 2014, 'Femtosecond laser cataract surgery: response', Clinical & Experimental Ophthalmology, vol. 42, no. 3, pp. 290-291.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
Roberts, TV, Lawless, M, Sutton, G & Hodge, C 2014, 'Hydrodissection techniques during femtosecond laser–assisted cataract surgery', Journal of Cataract and Refractive Surgery, vol. 40, no. 4, pp. 692-693.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
Roberts, TV, Sharwood, P, Hodge, C, Roberts, K & Sutton, G 2014, 'Comparison of Toric Intraocular Lenses and Arcuate Corneal Relaxing Incisions to Correct Moderate to High Astigmatism in Cataract Surgery', Asia-Pacific Journal of Ophthalmology, vol. 3, no. 1, pp. 9-16.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
Rose, M, Ferguson, A, Power, E, Togher, L & Worrall, L 2014, 'Aphasia rehabilitation in Australia: Current practices, challenges and future directions', International Journal of Speech-Language Pathology, vol. 16, no. 2, pp. 169-180.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
Saadat, A, Haghi, M, Zhu, B, King, G, Colombo, G, Young, P & Traini, D 2014, 'THE FORMULATION OF A NOVEL MACROLIDE SOLUTION PRESSURISED METERED DOSE INHALER: THE USE OF CLARITHROMYCIN AS AN ANTI-INFLAMMATORY FOR BRONCHIECTASIS THERAPY', JOURNAL OF AEROSOL MEDICINE AND PULMONARY DRUG DELIVERY, vol. 27, no. 4, pp. A3-A3.
Saadat, A, Zhu, B, Haghi, M, King, G, Colombo, G, Young, PM & Traini, D 2014, 'The formulation, chemical and physical characterisation of clarithromycin-based macrolide solution pressurised metered dose inhaler', JOURNAL OF PHARMACY AND PHARMACOLOGY, vol. 66, no. 5, pp. 639-645.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>
Objectives The formulation of a clarithromycin (CLA) pressurised metered dose inhalers (pMDIs) solution formulation opens up exciting therapeutic opportunities for the treatment of inflammation in chronic obstructive lung diseases. In this study, we have formulated and tested a low dose macrolide formulation of CLA for treatment of inflammation and studied its physicochemical and aerosol properties. Methods The system was characterised for in-vitro aerosol performance using an Andersen cascade impactor. Short-term chemical and physical stability was assessed by dose content uniformity over a range of temperatures. Standard physicochemical characteristics were also investigated using scanning electron microscopy, thermo analysis and laser diffraction techniques. Key findings The formulation had a relatively high fine particle fraction (47%) and produced a particle size distribution suitable for inhalation drug delivery. Particles had an irregular morphology and were predominately amorphous. Furthermore, the short-term stability showed the formulation to be stable from 4 to 37°C. Conclusions This study demonstrated the feasibility of formulating a solution-based pMDI containing CLA for the treatment of lung inflammatory diseases. © 2013 Royal Pharmaceutical Society.
Saragiotto, BT, Yamato, TP & Lopes, AD 2014, 'What Do Recreational Runners Think About Risk Factors for Running Injuries? A Descriptive Study of Their Beliefs and Opinions', Journal of Orthopaedic & Sports Physical Therapy, vol. 44, no. 10, pp. 733-738.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
Saragiotto, BT, Yamato, TP, Hespanhol Junior, LC, Rainbow, MJ, Davis, IS & Lopes, AD 2014, 'What are the Main Risk Factors for Running-Related Injuries?', Sports Medicine, vol. 44, no. 8, pp. 1153-1163.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
Saverno, K, Gothe, H, Schuessel, K, Biskupiak, J, Schulz, M, Siebert, U & Brixner, D 2014, 'Consideration of international generic distribution policies on patient outcomes in the United States and Germany.', Pharmazie, vol. 69, no. 3, pp. 238-240.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>
Generic substitution of narrow therapeutic index drugs can have unintended consequences. Generic switching is often driven by cost incentives, regulations and supply, but may raise concerns about equal bioavailability, therapeutic equivalence and about possible confusion for the patient. Integrated systems of care with active management of patient behaviors, including adherence, may minimize the impact of switching. This article is intended to present policy drivers and potential consequences of generic switching and the role of pharmacist education in minimizing patient risk using warfarin and the pharmaceutical distribution systems of the United States and Germany as examples.
Schlosser, RW, Balandin, S, Hemsley, B, Iacono, T, Probst, P & von Tetzchner, S 2014, 'Facilitated Communication and Authorship: A Systematic Review', Augmentative and Alternative Communication, vol. 30, no. 4, pp. 359-368.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
Scholten-Peeters, GGM, Franken, N, Beumer, A & Verhagen, AP 2014, 'The opinion and experiences of Dutch orthopedic surgeons and radiologists about diagnostic musculoskeletal ultrasound imaging in primary care: A survey', Manual Therapy, vol. 19, no. 2, pp. 109-113.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
Scholten-Peeters, GGM, van Trijffel, E, Hutting, N, Castien, RF, Rooker, S & Verhagen, AP 2014, 'Risk reduction of serious complications from manual therapy: Are we reducing the risk?', Manual Therapy, vol. 19, no. 6, pp. e5-e6.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
Schorr, SG, Eickhoff, C, Feldt, S, Hohmann, C & Schulz, M 2014, 'Exploring the potential impact of hospital ward-based pharmacy interns on drug safety.', Pharmazie, vol. 69, no. 4, pp. 316-320.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>
Clinical pharmacists play an important role in improving drug safety on hospital wards. However, little is known about the impact of pharmacy interns. The objective of our study was, therefore, to investigate the impact of hospital ward-based pharmacy interns on drug safety. This study was conducted as part of the project 'P-STAT 2: Pharmacy interns on the ward' on 14 surgical wards in seven hospitals in Germany and a total of 27 pharmacy interns participated. All patients admitted to the participating wards from 1st June 2008 until 31st October 2008 and from 1st December 2008 till 30th April 2009 were included. The pharmacy interns were involved in medication reconciliation, and identifying, resolving, and preventing drug-related problems (DRPs) using the classification system APS-Doc. A total of 6,551 patients were included. Patients received on average (+/- SD) 4.4 +/- 3.9 drugs. The pharmacy interns detected a total of 4,085 DRPs and on average 0.6 +/- 1.2 DRPs per patient. Most frequently detected DRPs were potential drug-drug interactions (n = 591, 14%), missing drug strength, when different strengths were available (n = 373, 9%), and incomplete medication record (n = 296, 7%). The pharmacy interns conducted an intervention for 98% (n = 4,011) of all DRPs. According to their documentation, 74% of the DRPs (n = 3,038) were solved. Drugs which were most often related with DRPs were simvastatin, diclofenac, and ibuprofen. This is the very first study exploring the potential impact of pharmacy interns on drug safety on surgical wards in Europe. Pharmacy interns can play an important role to improve drug safety on hospital wards.
Sercombe, JK, Liu-Brennan, D, McKay, KO, Green, BJ & Tovey, ER 2014, 'Domestic exposure to fungal allergenic particles determined by halogen immunoassay using subject's serum versus particles carrying three non-fungal allergens determined by allergen-specific HIA', Indoor Air, vol. 24, no. 4, pp. 438-445.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
Slessor, G, Phillips, LH, Ruffman, T, Bailey, PE & Insch, P 2014, 'Exploring own-age biases in deception detection', Cognition and Emotion, vol. 28, no. 3, pp. 493-506.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
Smith, E, Bailey, PE, Crawford, J, Samaras, K, Baune, BT, Campbell, L, Kochan, N, Menant, J, Sturnieks, DL, Brodaty, H, Sachdev, P & Trollor, JN 2014, 'Adiposity Estimated Using Dual Energy X‐Ray Absorptiometry and Body Mass Index and Its Association with Cognition in Elderly Adults', Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, vol. 62, no. 12, pp. 2311-2318.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>
ObjectivesTo determine whether obesity, estimated according to body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, and body fat and abdominal fat assessed using dual‐energy X‐ray absorptiometry (DEXA), was associated with cognitive performance.DesignCross‐sectional.SettingCommunity based.ParticipantsIndividuals aged 74–94 (N = 406).MeasurementsBMI, waist circumference, body fat, and abdominal fat were assessed using DEXA. Cognitive performance was assessed using a comprehensive neuropsychological battery.ResultsWhen categorized using BMI, overweight individuals had higher global cognitive function and executive function scores than normal‐weight individuals. This relationship did not differ according to sex. When categorized according to DEXA, there were no relationships between body fat and cognitive function in the whole group, but women in the middle and highest tertiles of DEXA body fat had better executive function than those in the lowest tertile. Men in the middle tertile of DEXA body fat had significantly better executive function and memory than those in the lowest tertile. BMI had greater power to predict executive function than DEXA body fat. No significant associations were found between cognition and estimates of abdominal adiposity.ConclusionThis study found an association between being overweight and better executive function in elderly adults; this association was stronger for the simpler BMI than the more‐elaborate DEXA measures.
Smith, KA, Iverach, L, O’Brian, S, Kefalianos, E & Reilly, S 2014, 'Anxiety of children and adolescents who stutter: A review', Journal of Fluency Disorders, vol. 40, pp. 22-34.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>
Purpose: Adults who stutter have heightened rates of anxiety disorders, particularly social anxiety disorder, compared with non-stuttering controls. However, the timing of anxiety onset and its development in relation to stuttering is poorly understood. Identifying the typical age of anxiety onset in stuttering has significant clinical implications and is crucial for the management of both disorders across the lifespan. The present review aims to determine the scope of the research pertaining to this topic, identify trends in findings, and delineate timing of anxiety onset in stuttering. Methods: We examine putative risk factors of anxiety present for children and adolescents who stutter, and provide a review of the research evidence relating to anxiety for this population. Results: Young people who stutter can experience negative social consequences and negative attitudes towards communication, which is hypothesised to place them at increased risk of developing anxiety. The prevalence of anxiety of young people who stutter, and the timing of anxiety onset in stuttering could not be determined. This was due to methodological limitations in the reviewed research such as small participant numbers, and the use of measures that lack sensitivity to identify anxiety in the targeted population. Conclusions: In sum, the evidence suggests that anxiety in stuttering might increase over time until it exceeds normal limits in adolescence and adulthood. The clinical implications of these findings, and recommendations for future research, are discussed.Educational Objectives: The reader will be able to: (a) discuss contemporary thinking on the role of anxiety in stuttering and reasons for this view; (b) describe risk factors for the development of anxiety in stuttering, experienced by children and adolescents who stutter (c) outline trends in current research on anxiety and children and adolescents with stuttering; and (d) summarise rationales behind recommendations for future...
Stein, T, Seymour, K, Hebart, MN & Sterzer, P 2014, 'Rapid Fear Detection Relies on High Spatial Frequencies', Psychological Science, vol. 25, no. 2, pp. 566-574.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>
Signals of threat—such as fearful faces—are processed with priority and have privileged access to awareness. This fear advantage is commonly believed to engage a specialized subcortical pathway to the amygdala that bypasses visual cortex and processes predominantly low-spatial-frequency information but is largely insensitive to high spatial frequencies. We tested visual detection of low- and high-pass-filtered fearful and neutral faces under continuous flash suppression and sandwich masking, and we found consistently that the fear advantage was specific to high spatial frequencies. This demonstrates that rapid fear detection relies not on low- but on high-spatial-frequency information—indicative of an involvement of cortical visual areas. These findings challenge the traditional notion that a subcortical pathway to the amygdala is essential for the initial processing of fear signals and support the emerging view that the cerebral cortex is crucial for the processing of ecologically relevant signals.
Stubbs, PW, Pallesen, H, Pedersen, AR & Nielsen, JF 2014, 'Using EFA and FIM rating scales could provide a more complete assessment of patients with acquired brain injury', Disability and Rehabilitation, vol. 36, no. 26, pp. 2278-2281.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
Sutton, G, Lawless, M & Hodge, C 2014, 'Laser in situ keratomileusis in 2012: a review', Clinical and Experimental Optometry, vol. 97, no. 1, pp. 18-29.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
Swain, L, Griffits, C, Pont, L & Barclay, L 2014, 'Attitudes of pharmacists to provision of Home Medicines Review for Indigenous Australians', International Journal of Clinical Pharmacy, vol. 36, no. 6, pp. 1260-1267.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
Taylor, C, Croot, K, Power, E, Savage, SA, Hodges, JR & Togher, L 2014, 'Trouble and repair during conversations of people with primary progressive aphasia', Aphasiology, vol. 28, no. 8-9, pp. 1069-1091.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>
Background: Primary progressive aphasia (PPA) affects a range of language domains that impact on communication. Little is known about the nature of conversation breakdown in PPA. The identification of trouble in conversation, its repair and the success of repairs has been used effectively to examine conversation breakdown in neurogenic language disorders such as dementia of the Alzheimer type (DAT) and acute onset aphasia. This study investigated trouble and repair in the conversations of people with PPA.Aims: The first aim of this study is to describe the contributions of individuals with PPA and their conversation partner to conversation. The second aim is to describe the trouble that occurs in dyadic conversations between three individuals with PPA and their communication partner. The third aim is to describe the repair behaviours used by the individuals with PPA and their communication partners.Methods & Procedures: Dyadic conversations about everyday activities between three individuals with PPA and their partners and three control dyads were video recorded and transcribed. Number of words, number of turns and length of turns were measured and trouble-indicating behaviours (TIBs) and repair behaviours were categorised.Outcomes & Results: Individuals with PPA had reduced mean length of turn but maintained their share of turn-taking. They demonstrated a variety of TIBs that differed from the noninteractive repairs, which do not require a response from the partner in the conversation and which have been observed in studies of conversation in DAT. Their partners bore the greater burden of highlighting trouble and need for repair using collaborative, interactive, TIBs. Three different conversational profiles were observed in the three PPA dyads, reflecting different patterns of language and cognitive impairment.Conclusions: Individuals with PPA were active participants in conversation effectively indicating and responding to trouble. Understanding troub...
Thoomes-de Graaf, M, Scholten-Peeters, GGM, Duijn, E, Karel, YHJM, van den Borne, MPJ, Beumer, A, Ottenheijm, RPG, Dinant, GJ, Tetteroo, E, Lucas, C, Koes, BW & Verhagen, AP 2014, 'Inter-professional agreement of ultrasound-based diagnoses in patients with shoulder pain between physical therapists and radiologists in the Netherlands', Manual Therapy, vol. 19, no. 5, pp. 478-483.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
Titov, N, Dear, BF, Johnston, L, McEvoy, PM, Wootton, B, Terides, MD, Gandy, M, Fogliati, V, Kayrouz, R & Rapee, RM 2014, 'Improving Adherence and Clinical Outcomes in Self-Guided Internet Treatment for Anxiety and Depression: A 12-Month Follow-Up of a Randomised Controlled Trial', PLoS ONE, vol. 9, no. 2, pp. e89591-e89591.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>
Background: A recent paper reported the outcomes of a study examining a new self-guided internet-delivered treatment, the Wellbeing Course, for symptoms of anxiety or depression. This study found the intervention resulted in significant symptom reductions. It also found that automated emails increased treatment completion and clinical improvements in a subsample with elevated anxiety and depression. Aims: To examine the clinical outcomes and the effect of automated emails at 12 months post-treatment. Method: Participants, who were randomly allocated to a Treatment Plus Automated Emails Group (TEG; n = 100), a standard Treatment Group (TG; n = 106) or delayed-treatment Waitlist Control Group (Control; n = 51), were followed up at 12 months post-treatment. Eighty-one percent, 78% and 87% of participants in the TEG, TG and treated Waitlist Control Group provided symptom data at 12-month follow-up, respectively. The primary outcome measures were the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 Item Scale (PHQ-9) and the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 Item Scale (GAD-7). Results: Significant improvements in symptoms of anxiety and depression were observed over time in both the TEG and TG (Fs >69, ps <.001) these were sustained from post-treatment to 12-month follow-up ( ps >.05), and were associated with large effect sizes. No statistically significant differences in symptoms were found between the TEG and TG at post-treatment, 3-month or 12-month follow-up. Previously reported symptom differences between TEG and TG participants with comorbid symptoms were no longer present at 12-month follow-up (ps >.70). Conclusions: The overall benefits of the Wellbeing Course were sustained at 12-month follow-up. Although automated emails facilitated Course completion and reductions in symptoms for participants with comorbid anxiety and depression from pre-post treatment, these differences were no longer observed at 12-month follow-up. The results indicate that automated emails promot...
Trotta, V, Haghi, M, Lee, W-H, Scalia, S, Young, PM & Traini, D 2014, 'RESVERATROL, A NOVEL SPRAY DRIED INHALATION POWDER FOR COMPLEMENTARY THERAPY IN THE TREATMENT OF COPD', JOURNAL OF AEROSOL MEDICINE AND PULMONARY DRUG DELIVERY, vol. 27, no. 6, pp. A8-A9.
Turbitt, E, Wiest, MM, Halliday, JL, Amor, DJ & Metcalfe, SA 2014, 'Availability of treatment drives decisions of genetic health professionals about disclosure of incidental findings', European Journal of Human Genetics, vol. 22, no. 10, pp. 1225-1228.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
Vaccaro, LD, Jones, MK, Menzies, RG & Wootton, BM 2014, 'The treatment of obsessive‐compulsive checking: A randomised trial comparing danger ideation reduction therapy with exposure and response prevention', Clinical Psychologist, vol. 18, no. 2, pp. 74-95.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
van Kemenade, BM, Seymour, K, Christophel, TB, Rothkirch, M & Sterzer, P 2014, 'Decoding pattern motion information in V1', Cortex, vol. 57, pp. 177-187.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
van Kemenade, BM, Seymour, K, Wacker, E, Spitzer, B, Blankenburg, F & Sterzer, P 2014, 'Tactile and visual motion direction processing in hMT+/V5', NeuroImage, vol. 84, pp. 420-427.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
van Oort, L, Verhagen, A, Koes, B, de Vet, R, Anema, H & Heymans, M 2014, 'Evaluation of the Usefulness of 2 Prediction Models of Clinical Prediction Models in Physical Therapy: A Qualitative Process Evaluation', Journal of Manipulative and Physiological Therapeutics, vol. 37, no. 5, pp. 334-341.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
van Poppel, D, Scholten‐Peeters, GGM, van Middelkoop, M & Verhagen, AP 2014, 'Prevalence, incidence and course of lower extremity injuries in runners during a 12‐month follow‐up period', Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports, vol. 24, no. 6, pp. 943-949.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>
To describe the incidence, 12‐month prevalence, and course of lower extremity injuries that occurred during and after the Amgen Singelloop Breda in 2009. The design was based on a prospective cohort study with a population‐based setting. In total, 3605 registered runners received a web‐based baseline questionnaire of which 713 participants completed and returned it. Information about previous injuries, training programs, and demographic data were gathered at baseline. Site and intensity of running injuries and occurrence of new injuries were obtained from five post‐race questionnaires. The main outcome measurement was lower extremity injury. The incidence of running injuries during the Amgen Singelloop Breda itself was 7.8%; most of these injuries occurred in the calf muscle, thigh, and knee joint. Three‐month incidence of injuries during follow‐up varied between 13.5% and 16.3%. During the 12‐month follow‐up period, 277 new running injuries were reported. Runners who ran more than 10 km are more susceptible to injury in comparison with runners who ran short distances (10 km or less). In total, 69.1% of running injuries resolves within 10 days. Running injuries are very common among recreational runners. Injuries mostly occur in the knee, thigh, and calf muscle.
Veldre, A & Andrews, S 2014, 'Lexical Quality and Eye Movements: Individual Differences in the Perceptual Span of Skilled Adult Readers', Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, vol. 67, no. 4, pp. 703-727.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>
Two experiments used the gaze-contingent moving-window paradigm to investigate whether reading comprehension and spelling ability modulate the perceptual span of skilled adult readers during sentence reading. Highly proficient reading and spelling were both associated with increased use information to the right of fixation, but did not systematically modulate the extraction of information to the left of fixation. Individuals who were high in both reading and spelling ability showed the greatest benefit from window sizes larger than 11 characters, primarily because of increases in forward saccade length. They were also significantly more disrupted by being denied close parafoveal information than those poor in reading and/or spelling. These results suggest that, in addition to supporting rapid lexical retrieval of fixated words, the high quality lexical representations indexed by the combination of high reading and spelling ability support efficient processing of parafoveal information and effective saccadic targeting.
Verhagen, AP & Ferreira, ML 2014, 'Forest plots', Journal of Physiotherapy, vol. 60, no. 3, pp. 170-173.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
Verwoerd, AJH, Peul, WC, Willemsen, SP, Koes, BW, Vleggeert-Lankamp, CLAM, el Barzouhi, A, Luijsterburg, PAJ & Verhagen, AP 2014, 'Diagnostic accuracy of history taking to assess lumbosacral nerve root compression', The Spine Journal, vol. 14, no. 9, pp. 2028-2037.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
Watson, P, Wiers, RW, Hommel, B & de Wit, S 2014, 'Working for food you don’t desire. Cues interfere with goal-directed food-seeking', Appetite, vol. 79, pp. 139-148.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
Whatham, AR, Nguyen, V, Zhu, Y, Hennessy, M & Kalloniatis, M 2014, 'The value of clinical electrophysiology in the assessment of the eye and visual system in the era of advanced imaging', CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL OPTOMETRY, vol. 97, no. 2, pp. 99-115.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
Wootton, BM, Dear, BF, Johnston, L, Terides, MD & Titov, N 2014, 'Self-guided internet administered treatment for obsessive-compulsive disorder: Results from two open trials', Journal of Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders, vol. 3, no. 2, pp. 102-108.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
YOU, J, ROUFAS, A, WEN, L, HODGE, C, SUTTON, G & MADIGAN, M 2014, 'Expression of HGF/c‐Met in control and keratoconus corneas', Acta Ophthalmologica, vol. 92, no. s253, pp. 0-0.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>
AbstractPurpose Keratoconus (KC) is the most common primary degenerative corneal disease with a prevalence of around 1 in 2000 worldwide. A recent genome‐wide association study on potential genes associated with KC identified a significant association between KC and two single nucleotide polymorphisms in the promoter region of the HGF gene. The HGF/c‐Met pathway protects cells from apoptosis and is important to maintain epithelial homeostasis. In this study, we investigated if the HGF/c‐Met pathway is involved in KC by comparing HGF/c‐Met protein expression in control and KC samples.Methods HGF and c‐Met immunoreactivities in control (n=5) and KC (n=10) corneas were imaged by confocal microscopy.Basal tears were collected by capillary micropipettes from control and KC patients (n=5 each), and HGF protein expression determined by Western blot. Intracellular c‐Met (the membrane bound receptor for HGF) expression was detected by extracting proteins from both control and KC corneal epithelium (n=5 each) followed by Western blot.Results HGF and c‐Met were expressed in control and KC corneas. However,in KC obvious cytoplasmic staining of basal epithelium was noted compared to the more diffuse cytoplasmic epithelial immunostaining in control corneas. Western blot results showed that lower levels of HGF in KC tears compared to control tears, and the intracellular c‐Met expression was also weaker in KC cell lysates compared to controls.Conclusion We find that HGF/c‐met expression patterns were altered between KC and control corneas, and their expression levels were reduced in KC tears and corneal epithelium cell lysates suggesting a role for this pathway in the pathogenesis of KC. Funding: Medical School of Sydney University, Sydney Eye Hospital Foundation, Lions NSW Eye Bank
Zander, A, Rissel, C, Rogers, K & Bauman, A 2014, 'Active travel to work in NSW: trends over time and the effect of social advantage', Health Promotion Journal of Australia, vol. 25, no. 3, pp. 167-173.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>
Issues addressedActive travel can increase population levels of physical activity, but should be promoted equitably. Socioeconomic advantage, housing location and/or car ownership influence walking and cycling (active travel) for transport. We examined active commuting over time in the Sydney Greater Metropolitan Region, and associations between active commuting and socioeconomic advantage, urban/rural location and car ownership at a Local Government Area (LGA) level across New South Wales (NSW).MethodsJourney to work data from the 2001, 2006 and 2011 Australian Census were examined. Associations between levels of active commuting in each LGA in NSW and the Socio‐Economic Index for Areas (SEIFA), Accessibility/Remoteness Index of Australia (ARIA) and car ownership were examined using negative binomial regression modelling.ResultsBetween 2001 and 2011, active commuting increased in inner Sydney (relative increase of 24%), decreased slightly in outer Sydney (declined 5.1%) and declined in the Greater Metropolitan Region (down 15%). Overall, active commuting increased slightly (6.8% relative increase). After adjusting for the LGA age and sex profile and all other LGA variables, people living in NSW LGAs with high socioeconomic status, more rural areas and low car ownership were more likely to cycle or walk to work.ConclusionsMore needs to be done in NSW to increase levels of active commuting consistently across regions and sociodemographic groups.So what?Despite small increases in active travel in the Sydney region, active travel patterns are not evenly distributed across locations or populations.
Zeng, Q, Haghi, M, Rimmer, J, Black, J, Shi, J, Oliver, B & Ge, Q 2014, 'THE TRANSPORT OF SALBUTAMOL SULFATE THROUGH CALU-3 AND DIFFERENTIATED HUMAN BRONCHIAL EPITHELIAL CELL', RESPIROLOGY, vol. 19, pp. 63-63.
