Adair, D 1994, 'Psychic Income and the Administration of English County Cricket, 1870–1914', The Sports Historian, vol. 14, no. 1, pp. 66-71.
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AITKEN, MJ, CZERNKOWSKI, RM & HOOPER, CG 1994, 'The Information Content of Segment Disclosures: Australian Evidence', Abacus, vol. 30, no. 1, pp. 65-77.
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This paper investigates whether the voluntary decomposition of consolidated earnings disclosures into industry segments has information content in the sense that such disclosures better enable investors to predict earnings. The broad rationale underlying the experimental design is that if segment disclosure does enable investors to better predict earnings then residual abnormal returns (after controlling for unexpected earnings) surrounding the earnings announcements of firms providing segment disclosures should on average be significantly lower than a matched’ group of firms that do not provide this type of disclosure. Using a short event window design, our results support this view.
Bollerslev, T, Domowitz, I & Wang, J 1994, 'Order Flow and the Bid-Ask Spread: An Empirical Probability Model of Screen-Based Trading', Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control, vol. 21, no. 8-9, pp. 1471-1491.
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Clegg, S 1994, 'Weber and Foucault: Social Theory for the Study of Organizations', Organization, vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 149-178.
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Weber, credited with having founded organization theory, did so inadvertently, as the study of the ideal type of bureaucracy. A contrary interpretation suggests organization analysis would be a branch of cultural studies with the analysis of values at its core. The contemporary theorist who has come nearest to carrying out a Weberian project with respect to the analysis of organizations, without acknowledging that this was so, was Foucault. Foucault's imputed foundations for the analysis of organizations bring into effect two liberations from the Weberian legacy. The first liberation is from analysis of organizations principally as structure, the predominant interpretation of Weber in the literature. The second liberation is not to lapse into the obverse of the structuralist view, a perspective that seeks to interpret individuals through the practice of verstehende. Structural analysis has no truck with individuals and their subjectivity, unless these become privileged by being embedded in strategically powerful representations in the organization. By contrast, analyses that function principally at the level of interpreting the putative motives, intentions and other attributes of subjectivity that, supposedly, are recoverable from an interpretative understanding of the individuals that compose organizations, rarely grasps the means and forms whereby some subjective representations become strategically sovereign. While the former offers an overstructuralized account of organizations, the latter offers-one that is understructuralized. In the former, individuals are regarded as bearers of a structural rationality worked out by impersonal forces of size or efficiency, while in the latter individuals are conceived of as subjectivities abstracted from structure. More appropriately, analysis should focus on how it is possible that certain structures of subjectivity and modes of what passes for rationality get consti...
Clegg, SR 1994, 'Book Reviews : Bengt Abrahamsson: Why Organizations? How and Why People Organize', Organization Studies, vol. 15, no. 6, pp. 928-930.
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Collins, J 1994, 'The Changing Political Economy of Australian Racism', Tijdschrift voor Economische en Sociale Geografie, vol. 97, no. 1, pp. 7-16.
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The Australian labour market is undergoing fundamental change, following economic restructuring and industrial relations and vocational education reform. This article outlines the recent evidence relating to unequal outcomes for immigrants from non English-speaking background and Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islanders in the Australian labour market. It then argues that, rather than meritocratic, these outcomes are partially the result of racial discrimination. The paper then considers the social and economic contradictions of racial discrimination in Australia today.
CRAWFORD, R 1994, 'VIRTUAL-REALITY', JOURNAL OF FORENSIC SCIENCES, vol. 39, no. 3, pp. 597-597.
Darcy, SA & Veal, AJ 1994, 'The Sydney 2000 Olympic Games: the story so far', Leisure Options: The Australian Journal of Leisure and Recreation, vol. 4, no. 1, pp. 5-14.
Domowitz, I & Wang, J 1994, 'Auctions as algorithms', Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control, vol. 18, no. 1, pp. 29-60.
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DOWLING, GR & STAELIN, R 1994, 'A MODEL OF PERCEIVED RISK AND INTENDED RISK-HANDLING ACTIVITY', JOURNAL OF CONSUMER RESEARCH, vol. 21, no. 1, pp. 119-134.
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Dwyer, L & Forsyth, P 1994, 'Foreign tourism investment', Annals of Tourism Research, vol. 21, no. 3, pp. 512-537.
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Foreign investment has played an important role in the development of tourism worldwide but analysis of its impacts has been neglected. This paper provides an overview of foreign investment in Australian tourism focusing on its levels and patterns. The various motives for foreign investment in tourism can be explained using the widely accepted Eclectic Paradigm of international production. The paper proceeds to clarify some of the impacts. After distinguishing between illusory and real impacts in Australia, the paper concludes with a discussion of the likely benefits and costs of additional foreign investment in tourism for both developed and developing nations. © 1994.
JERMIER, JM & CLEGG, SR 1994, 'CRITICAL ISSUES IN ORGANIZATION SCIENCE - A DIALOG', ORGANIZATION SCIENCE, vol. 5, no. 1, pp. 1-13.
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Jermier, JM & Clegg, SR 1994, 'Crossroads—Critical Issues in Organization Science: A Dialogue', vol. 5, no. 1, pp. 1-13.
Lee, M & Liversidge, K 1994, 'Posteroanterior stiffness at three locations in the lumbar spine.', J Manipulative Physiol Ther, vol. 17, no. 8, pp. 511-516.
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OBJECTIVE: One commonly used clinical procedure involves the assessment of stiffness during the application of a posteroanterior force to the spinous process of a vertebra. The clinician commonly applies a force normal to the sagittal spinal curve and attempts to evaluate whether the stiffness of the response is also normal. The purpose of this study was to determine whether the stiffness of posteroanterior movements in normal subjects significantly differed when the force was applied to L3, L4 or L5 and when the rate of application changed from quasistatic to cyclical loading. DESIGN: Experimental investigation of characteristics of normal subjects. SETTING: University biomechanics laboratory. INTERVENTIONS: None. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Posteroanterior stiffness at L3, L4 and L5 during quasistatic and cyclical loading. RESULTS: The posteroanterior response was found to be stiffest at L5, least at L3 and intermediate at L4. Quasistatic loading produced lower stiffness than cyclical loading at .5 Hz. CONCLUSIONS: The clinical assessment of the low lumbar spine through manual loading requires a knowledge of the likely variations of posteroanterior stiffness. This study has established that in normal subjects there are systematic effects due to the location of load and the rate of loading.
Lee, M, Hill, S & Scullin, J 1994, 'Ribcage compressibility in living subjects', Clinical Biomechanics, vol. 9, no. 6, pp. 379-380.
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The purpose of this study was to examine the responses of normal living subjects to the application of anteroposterior forces to the ribcage. Seventeen subjects aged between 25 and 37 years were tested during slow oscillatory loading while breath-holding at the end of a normal expiration. The mean stiffness coefficient was found to be 9.4 N mm-1 (SD 2.9) and the mean gradient of the force-strain relation was 1888 N (SD 646). Comparison with previously published cadaver data indicates that the embalmed cadaver ribcage stiffness is in the order of three times stiffer than living subjects, while fresh cadavers showed comparable stiffness to living subjects. A number of studies have used models to predict and understand the behaviour of the thoracic spine. Validation of the behaviour of models which include the thoracic spine and ribcage depends on comparison of model response predictions with observed responses of human subjects. The present study provides data on the anteroposterior compressibility of the ribcage of living subjects which may be suitable for use in model validation studies. © 1994.
Lee, M, Lau, H & Lau, T 1994, 'Sagittal plane rotation of the pelvis during lumbar posteroanterior loading.', J Manipulative Physiol Ther, vol. 17, no. 3, pp. 149-155.
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OBJECTIVE: To determine the extent of sagittal plane rotation of the pelvis during lumbar spine posteroanterior loading. DESIGN: Quantitative study. SETTING: Biomechanics Laboratory, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Sydney. PARTICIPANTS: Ten male and female subjects with no recent history of significant low back pain. INTERVENTION: A mechanical device was used to apply forces to the L3 spinous process. Data were collected during slow cyclical loading. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: The stiffness of the posteroanterior movement at the point of loading was measured, together with the sagittal plane rotation of the pelvis and the resistance to rotation provided by the bed on which the subject lay. RESULTS: Mean pelvic rotation was 2.1 degrees per 100 N applied force (SD 1.01 degrees/100 N). Mean posteroanterior stiffness was 13.4 N/mm (SD 3.13 N/mm) and resistance to pelvic rotation was 2.71 Nm/degree of pelvic rotation (SD 0.84 Nm/degree). CONCLUSION: During posteroanterior force application there is pelvic rotation of a magnitude that may be sufficient to have clinical significance. Abnormalities found during lumbar posteroanterior force application may originate in tissues caudad to the lumbar spine itself.
Onyx, J 1994, 'Reviews Section', Community Development Journal, vol. 29, no. 1, pp. 103-105.
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Refshauge, K, Goodsell, M & Lee, M 1994, 'Consistency of cervical and cervicothoracic posture in standing', Australian Journal of Physiotherapy, vol. 40, no. 4, pp. 235-240.
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Refshauge, KM, Goodsell, M & Lee, M 1994, 'The Relationship Between Surface Contour and Vertebral Body Measures of Upper Spine Curvature', Spine, vol. 19, no. 19, pp. 2180-2185.
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SLOGGETT, G, MCKENZIE, DR, COCKAYNE, DJH, SMITH, GB, JENKINS, B, FOLEY, CP, TAKANO, Y, STUDER, AJ, HAUB, JG & ORR, BJ 1994, 'IN-SITU DEPOSITION OF HIGH-TC MATERIALS USING VACUUM-ARC ABLATION WITH MACROPARTICLE FILTER', PHYSICA B, vol. 194, pp. 2353-2354.
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Vacuum arc ablation is shown to be a new deposition technique for depositing YBCO thin films in situ with zero resistance below 85 K. A high deposition rate was achieved from small specimens. The size of macroparticles is larger than for laser ablation f
Slonim, R 1994, 'Learning in a search-for-the-best-alternative experiment', Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, vol. 25, no. 2, pp. 141-165.
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Taylor, SL 1994, 'Executive Share Options: An Economic Framework', Australian Accounting Review, vol. 4, no. 8, pp. 13-21.
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This paper provides an overview of the executive compensation debate with special emphasis on the role of executive share options. Widespread criticism of executive pay typically concentrates on pay levels, rather than the composition of executive pay and its determinants. The paper points out that gains from exercising executive share options are not simply rewards for the period in which they are realised and reported. The economic rationale for rewarding executives through share options is reviewed, leading to the conclusion that options are more likely to form a relatively important part of executive remuneration in organisations which face valuable, but relatively risky, investment opportunities. However, because options can aggravate conflicts of interest such as those that arise between shareholders and lenders, they are not a universally efficient form of executive compensation.
WEARING, B, WEARING, S & KELLY, K 1994, 'ADOLESCENT WOMEN, IDENTITY AND SMOKING - LEISURE EXPERIENCE AS RESISTANCE', SOCIOLOGY OF HEALTH & ILLNESS, vol. 16, no. 5, pp. 626-643.
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