Alexeev, V & Tapon, F 2013, 'What Australian investors need to know to diversity their portfolios', JASSA, vol. 2013, no. 4, pp. 14-20.
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According to a report by the Australian Securities and Investments Commission in 2008, most (78%) of Australian investors had heard the term diversification. Nevertheless, around half of investors (49%) held only one type of investment (shares only) with the average number of holdings of 2.19 securities. More telling, a third (33%) of share owners acquired their shares passively (as part of a demutualisation or had received shares through an inheritance or gift), while almost two-thirds (63%) of share owners acquired the shares actively. One conclusion is that Australian investors, on average, own poorly diversified portfolios and leave themselves exposed to excessive diversifiable risk. To study this issue, we simulate portfolios using daily observations for all traded and delisted equities in Australia between 1975 and 2011. We calculate two measures of risk, including heavy tailed to account for extreme events. For each risk measure, we recommend the number of portfolio holdings that result in a 90% reduction in diversifiable risk for an average and a more conservative investor. We find that, on average, 24 to 30 stocks are sufficient to attain a well-diversified portfolio.
Anufriev, M & Tuinstra, J 2013, 'The Impact of Short-Selling Constraints on Financial Market Stability in a Heterogeneous Agents Model', Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control, vol. 37, no. 8, pp. 1523-1543.
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Recent turmoil on global financial markets has led to a discussion on which policy measures should or could be taken to stabilize financial markets. One such a measure that resurfaced is the imposition of short-selling constraints. It is conjectured that these short-selling constraints reduce speculative trading and thereby have the potential to stabilize volatile financial markets. The purpose of the current paper is to investigate this conjecture in a standard asset pricing model with heterogeneous beliefs. We model short-selling constraints by imposing trading costs for selling an asset short. We find that the local stability properties of the fundamental rational expectations equilibrium do not change when trading costs for short-selling are introduced. However, when the asset is overvalued, costs on short-selling increase mispricing and price volatility.
Anufriev, M, Arifovic, J, Ledyard, J & Panchenko, V 2013, 'Efficiency of continuous double auctions under individual evolutionary learning with full or limited information', JOURNAL OF EVOLUTIONARY ECONOMICS, vol. 23, no. 3, pp. 539-573.
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In this paper we explore how specific aspects of market transparency and agentsï½ behavior affect the efficiency of the market outcome. In particular, we are interested whether learning behavior with and without information about actions of other participants improves market efficiency. We consider a simple market for a homogeneous good populated by buyers and sellers. The valuations of the buyers and the costs of the sellers are given exogenously. Agents are involved in consecutive trading sessions, which are organized as a continuous double auction with order book. Using Individual Evolutionary Learning agents submit price bids and offers, trying to learn the most profitable strategy by looking at their realized and counterfactual or ï½foregoneï½ payoffs. We find that learning outcomes heavily depend on information treatments. Under full information about actions of others, agentsï½ orders tend to be similar, while under limited information agents tend to submit their valuations/costs. This behavioral outcome results in higher price volatility for the latter treatment. We also find that learning improves allocative efficiency when compared to outcomes with Zero-Intelligent traders.
Anufriev, M, Assenza, T, Hommes, C & Massaro, D 2013, 'INTEREST RATE RULES AND MACROECONOMIC STABILITY UNDER HETEROGENEOUS EXPECTATIONS', MACROECONOMIC DYNAMICS, vol. 17, no. 8, pp. 1574-1604.
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The recent macroeconomic literature stresses the importance of managing heterogeneous expectations in the formulation of monetary policy. We use a simple frictionless dynamic stochastic general equilibrium (DSGE) model to investigate in?ation dynamics under alternative interest rate rules when agents have heterogeneous expectations, and update their beliefs based on past performance, as in Brock and Hommes [Econometrica 65(5), 1059ï½1095 (1997)]. The stabilizing effect of different monetary policies depends on the ecology of forecasting rules (i.e., the composition of the set of predictors), on agentsï½ sensitivity to differences in forecasting performance, and on how aggressively the monetary authority sets the nominal interest rate in response to in?ation. In particular, if the monetary authority responds only weakly to in?ation, a cumulative process with rising in?ation is likely. On the other hand, a Taylor interest rate rule that sets the interest rate more than point for point in response to in?ation stabilizes in?ation dynamics, but does not always lead the system to converge to the rational expectations equilibrium, as multiple equilibria may persist
Anufriev, M, Hommes, CH & Philipse, RHS 2013, 'Evolutionary selection of expectations in positive and negative feedback markets', JOURNAL OF EVOLUTIONARY ECONOMICS, vol. 23, no. 3, pp. 663-688.
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An economic environment is a feedback system, where the dynamics of aggregate variables depend on individual expectations and vice versa. The type of feedback mechanism is crucial for the aggregate outcome. Experiments with human subjects (Heemeijer et al., J Econ Dyn Control 33:1052-1072, 2009) have shown that price converges to the fundamental level in a negative feedback environment but fails to do so under positive feedback. We present an explanation of these experimental results by means of a model of evolutionary switching between heuristics. Active heuristics are chosen endogenously, on the basis of their past performance. Under negative feedback an adaptive heuristic dominates explaining fast price convergence, whereas under positive feedback a trend-following heuristic dominates resulting in persistent price deviations and oscillations.
Anufriev, M, Kopanyi, D & Tuinstra, J 2013, 'Learning cycles in Bertrand competition with differentiated commodities and competing learning rules', JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC DYNAMICS & CONTROL, vol. 37, no. 12, pp. 2562-2581.
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This paper stresses the importance of heterogeneity in learning. We consider a Bertrand oligopoly with firms using either least squares learning or gradient learning for determining the price. We demonstrate that convergence properties of the rules are strongly affected by heterogeneity. In particular, gradient learning may become unstable as the number of gradient learners increases. Endogenous choice between the learning rules may induce cyclical switching. Stable gradient learning gives higher average profit than least squares learning, making firms switch to gradient learning. This can destabilize gradient learning which, because of decreasing profits, makes firms switch back to least squares learning.
Assaf, AG & Dwyer, L 2013, 'Benchmarking International Tourism Destinations', Tourism Economics, vol. 19, no. 6, pp. 1233-1247.
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Industry productivity growth measures the contribution to the growth of the economy that an industry delivers. Benchmarking international tourism destinations in respect of their productivity is often avoided due to the difference in tourism characteristics between destinations. This paper introduces a novel approach to destination benchmarking that is theoretically motivated to account for this problem. The benchmarking framework proposed uses separate groups of countries with similar characteristics to construct a metafrontier that envelops these groups, and as such represents the world tourism industry. The paper confirms that ignoring heterogeneity (that is, differences in destination characteristics) can lead to bias in the productivity rankings of different countries. The results show that North American and European countries lead the world tourism industry in terms of productivity growth, while African countries lag behind. On average, most African countries are also not catching up with the world tourism industry. The outcome is development of a robust and comprehensive benchmarking methodology that can provide governments and national tourism offices with an accurate assessment of their international tourism performance.
Auger, P, Devinney, TM, Dowling, GR, Eckert, C & Lin, N 2013, 'How Much Does a Company's Reputation Matter in Recruiting?', MIT SLOAN MANAGEMENT REVIEW, vol. 54, no. 3, pp. 79-+.
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How much does a company's reputation matter in recruiting?
Baddeley, M 2013, 'Herding, social influence and expert opinion', Journal of Economic Methodology, vol. 20, no. 1, pp. 35-44.
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This paper analyzes the impact of social influences on opinion formation among academics and other experts. Some social influences are valuable - for example, replicating results is a valuable aspect of scientific research and if a hypothesis has genuinely been verified across a range of different studies, then that may be because it is more probable. In uncertain situations, however, people employ heuristics and rules of thumb to guide their interpretation of events, and this can create problems of cognitive bias, including group biases when beliefs tend to coincide with the prior opinions of others, thus creating herding and path dependency. This tendency to follow others may be magnified by other social influences including reputation-building and conformity preference. Insights about herding and social influence are used to build a model of relative rewards to consensus versus contrarianism. This paper concludes with an analysis of implications and policies designed to moderate the negative herding externalities. © 2013 Copyright Taylor and Francis Group, LLC.
Bajada, C & Trayler, R 2013, 'Interdisciplinary business education: curriculum through collaboration', Education + Training, vol. 55, no. 4/5, pp. 385-402.
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PurposeA modern business graduate is expected to have strong disciplinary skills as well as the soft skills of communication and team work. However today's business graduate needs to be more than the traditional “I‐shaped” graduate of the past and more of the “T‐shaped” graduate employers are looking for. Many undergraduate business degrees profess to offer integration of the curriculum but on investigation this occurs mainly through a capstone subject at the end of the degree. Today's business graduates need a more integrated approach to their learning. This paper aims to outline the transformation of a traditional business curriculum to one that is inter‐disciplinary, outlining the necessary steps and conditions including the most challenging – faculty buy in.Design/methodology/approachThe review of the Bachelor of Business degree at University of Technology Sydney (UTS) provided an opportunity to explore the option to embrace an integrated curriculum. The authors outline how the review was shaped, the need for change and the approaches to interdisciplinary business education, and an approach to designing an interdisciplinary curriculum. They also provide two case studies.FindingsApproaches to developing an integrative curriculum can take many forms, but the most effective is one that is embedded throughout an entire degree program. This must start with a cornerstone subject to set the road map for the student's study. This subject needs to demonstrate how each discipline interrelates and how at the end of the degree through a capstone subject, this knowledge is again brought together to deal with more complex issues using the more sophisticated tools studied throughout the degree. There als...
Barlatier, P-J, Bénédic, M, Josserand, E & Villesèche, F 2013, 'Le potentiel stratégique des réseaux d’anciens. Une étude exploratoire', Revue française de gestion, vol. 39, no. 232, pp. 163-182.
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et article se propose d'analyser le potentiel stratégique des réseaux d'anciens employés. Nos trois études de cas montrent comment le capital social de tels réseaux peut être mobilisé et quels en sont les avantages organisationnels notamment en matière de génération d'opportunités d'affaires, de gestion des ressources humaines, de communication et d'image de marque, et de gestion des connaissances. Il s'avère également que les réseaux d'anciens offrent encore de nombreuses possibilités inexploitées, notamment pour la génération d'innovations
Benn, S, Edwards, M & Angus-Leppan, T 2013, 'Organizational Learning and the Sustainability Community of Practice', Organization & Environment, vol. 26, no. 2, pp. 184-202.
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This article aims to explore factors that influence organizational learning around sustainability. For our theoretical framework, we take a sensemaking approach to the multilevel 4I model of organizational learning. Through our pilot study of the case of the higher education sector in Australia, we explore the particular challenges that sustainability poses in terms of integrating new ideas at the group and organizational levels. Our findings suggest that the use of knowledge sharing and generation tools in the form of selected boundary objects can promote the development of communities of practice and hence those integration and institutionalization processes described by the 4I framework when it is applied to sustainability. In specifically allowing for knowledge development and transfer across knowledge and disciplinary boundaries, our revised version of the 4I model has wide relevance to learning around sustainability in any organizational context.
Benn, S, Edwards, M & Baker, E 2013, 'Learning and Change in Social Networks: New Insights for the 4I Learning Framework', Academy of Management Proceedings, vol. 2013, no. 1, pp. 10759-10759.
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Bird, R, Grosse, M & Yeung, D 2013, 'The market response to exploration, resource and reserve announcements by mining companies: Australian data', AUSTRALIAN JOURNAL OF MANAGEMENT, vol. 38, no. 2, pp. 311-331.
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This is the first paper to study the market response to 'Joint Ore Reserve Committee' -compliant announcements made by Australian mining firms. Results from an event study based on matched firms suggest that these announcements are highly value relevant, with the market reacting in a significantly positive way to both exploration and resource announcements. Larger abnormal returns are found to accrue to smaller firms, to firms that use positive adjectives in their announcement headlines and to firms whose announcements imply larger percentage increases in resource levels. We also find evidence of markets anticipating both exploration and resource announcements a few days before they are released, which may be suggestive of some insider trading. © The Author(s) 2013.
Bodenstedt, M, Roesch, D & Scheule, H 2013, 'The path to impairment: do credit-rating agencies anticipate default events of structured finance transactions?', EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF FINANCE, vol. 19, no. 9, pp. 841-860.
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The global financial crisis (GFC) has led to a general discussion of the accuracy and declining standards of credit-rating agency ratings. Substantial criticism has been directed towards the securitisation market, which has been identified as one of the main sources of the crisis. This study focuses on the ability of rating agencies to adjust their ratings prior to impairments of structured finance transactions. We develop a new measure that quantifies a rating agency's performance in advance of defaults. By analysing a large number of impaired transactions rated by Moody's Investors Service, we find that rating quality deteriorated during the GFC. Furthermore, we identify tranche-specific and macroeconomic factors that explain differences in Moody's performance. © 2013 Taylor & Francis.
Buchanan, J, Prescott, A, Schuck, S, Aubusson, P, Burke, P & Louviere, J 2013, 'Teacher Retention and Attrition: Views of Early Career Teachers', Australian Journal of Teacher Education, vol. 38, no. 3, pp. 112-129.
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The provision and maintenance of quality teachers is a matter of priority for the profession. Moreover, teacher attrition is costly to the profession, to the community and to those teachers who leave feeling disillusioned. There is a need to investigate the experiences of early career teachers to consider how these issues contribute to decisions about staying in or leaving the profession. This paper reports on an aspect of a larger study on teacher retention. It describes and analyses the experiences of teachers participating in the study and highlights implications for teacher retention. The study proposes the notion of `resilient stayers, and how beginning teachers resilience might be strengthened and supported. It asks what combination of circumstances in the school and the system, and individual resources of resilience on the part of early career teachers, might maximise the chances of teachers choosing to remain in the profession.
Buchmueller, TC, Fiebig, DG, Jones, G & Savage, E 2013, 'Preference heterogeneity and selection in private health insurance: The case of Australia', JOURNAL OF HEALTH ECONOMICS, vol. 32, no. 5, pp. 757-767.
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A basic prediction of theoretical models of insurance is that if consumers have private information abouttheir risk of suffering a loss there will be a positive correlation between risk and the level of insurancecoverage. We test this prediction in the context of the market for private health insurance in Australia.Despite a universal public system that provides comprehensive coverage for inpatient and outpatient care,roughly half of the adult population also carries private health insurance, the main benefit of which is moretimely access to elective hospital treatment. Like several studies on different types of insurance in othercountries, we find no support for the positive correlation hypothesis. Because strict underwriting regu-lations create strong information asymmetries, this result suggests the importance of multi-dimensionalprivate information. Additional analyses suggest that the advantageous selection observed in this marketis driven by the effect of risk aversion, the ability to make complex financial decisions and income.
Burke, PF 2013, 'Seeking Simplicity in Complexity: The Relative Value of Ease of Use (EOU)‐Based Product Differentiation', Journal of Product Innovation Management, vol. 30, no. 6, pp. 1227-1241.
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Models of category acceptance and diffusion, including Davis's technological acceptance model (TAM), have established that ease of use (EOU) is a significant determinant of technological product adoption. This supports user‐centered design philosophies, where aspects of cognitive attractiveness (e.g., logical to use) and emotional attractiveness (e.g., lack of frustration in use) are essential, and contrasts traditional design practices where physical attractiveness dominates concern. These studies consider the impact of EOU on category (primary) demand. It is unclear whether firms should incorporate EOU into design and positioning strategies to differentiate their products from others in the same category that perform better on functional features. A random utility theory‐based choice model is used to measure the relative value of EOU. In a new product category (DVD recorders; n = 496) and one that is more established (cell phones; n = 202), consumers were found to forgo functional features in preference for products better rated on EOU. With implications for segmentation, those seeking simplicity were older, female, educated, and with less product knowledge, while those already owning a complex phone made replacement decisions with less concern for INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH, vol. 62, no. 1, pp. 259-268.
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Many countries report high attrition rates among beginning teachers. The literature cites many factors that influence a teacher's decision to remain in the profession. These include remuneration, workload, support, administration and parents. It is unclear, however, which factors matter most to teachers and, consequently, where best to direct limited resources. This study uses Best-worst Scaling (BWS) and complementary experimental design methods to quantify the relative importance of these factors. The results suggest that improving student engagement, experiencing professional challenges and enjoying collegial support are the most important factors influencing teacher decisions to stay in the profession. Beginning teachers nominate remuneration, recognition, and external factors (e.g., class size; location) as playing a lesser role in their decision to remain teachers. © 2013 Elsevier Ltd.
Burton, S, Spanjaard, D & Hoek, J 2013, 'An Investigation of Tobacco Retail Outlets as a Cue for Smoking', Australasian Marketing Journal, vol. 21, no. 4, pp. 234-239.
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Evidence suggests that widespread distribution of tobacco and point of sale (POS) displays of tobacco prompt impulse purchases and cue smoking. As a result, health researchers have argued for a reduction in the number of tobacco retail outlets. However, with tobacco products now removed from display in many countries, there has been very little evidence to indicate whether decreasing the number of tobacco retail outlets will result in reduced smoking prevalence. Using a combination of in-depth interviews and near-real-time electronic diary data collected from 31 smokers and attempting quitters, we examined their responses to exposure to tobacco outlets. The findings provide the first evidence that even in the absence of POS displays, the mere sight of tobacco retail outlets can trigger impulse tobacco purchases and increase smoking frequency. The findings support calls to restrict tobacco distribution.
Camilleri, AR & Newell, BR 2013, 'Mind the gap? Description, experience, and the continuum of uncertainty in risky choice', DECISION MAKING: NEURAL AND BEHAVIOURAL APPROACHES, vol. 202, pp. 55-71.
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Camilleri, AR & Newell, BR 2013, 'The long and short of it: Closing the description-experience “gap” by taking the long-run view', Cognition, vol. 126, no. 1, pp. 54-71.
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Catlin, JR & Wang, Y 2013, 'Recycling gone bad: When the option to recycle increases resource consumption', Journal of Consumer Psychology, vol. 23, no. 1, pp. 122-127.
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AbstractIn this study, we propose that the ability to recycle may lead to increased resource usage compared to when a recycling option is not available. Supporting this hypothesis, our first experiment shows that consumers used more paper while evaluating a pair of scissors when the option to recycle was provided (vs. not provided). In a follow‐up field experiment, we find that the per person restroom paper hand towel usage increased after the introduction of a recycling bin compared to when a recycling option was not available. We conclude by discussing implications for research and policy.
Chadee, D & Roxas, B 2013, 'Institutional environment, innovation capacity and firm performance in Russia', Critical perspectives on international business, vol. 9, no. 1/2, pp. 19-39.
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Chen, C & Zhang, J 2013, 'Green Product Design With Engineering Tradeoffs Under Technology Efficient Frontiers: Analytical Results and Empirical Tests', IEEE Transactions on Engineering Management, vol. 60, no. 2, pp. 340-352.
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To implement green product design, many companies today utilize the product-line strategy to develop environment-friendly products for customers with different willingness-to-pay for the environmental attributes of a product. One major challenge in designing green products is how to deal with the engineering tradeoff between the traditional and environmental attributes along the technology efficient frontier. In this paper, we conceptualize the technology efficient frontier in green product design, and perform theoretical and empirical analyses on the design decisions under different functional forms of efficient frontiers. We develop an analytical framework for identifying the optimal designs under general forms of efficient frontiers, and propose a novel use of trigonometric functions to analyze the design decisions under the linear, concave, and convex efficient frontiers. Additionally, we analyze the average environmental qualities under different efficient frontiers and show that switching between different product-line strategies allows a firm to achieve higher average environmental quality as an alternative to pushing the efficient frontier outward through technology advancement. Moreover, we conduct empirical tests to demonstrate how to empirically identify an efficient frontier and estimate key model parameters. Our analytical results provide new insights for decision makers to manage and regulate green product design with engineering tradeoffs.
Chiang, F, Low, A & Collins, J 2013, 'Two Sets of Business Cards: Responses of Chinese Immigrant Women Entrepreneurs in Canada and Australia to Sexism and Racism', Cosmopolitan Civil Societies: An Interdisciplinary Journal, vol. 5, no. 2, pp. 63-83.
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Existing entrepreneurial discourses have been dominated by white middle-class androcentric approach, giving little space to the discussions of racism and sexism experienced by minority women entrepreneurs. This paper aims to fill this gap through an examination of the experiences of Asian immigrant women entrepreneurs in Canada and Australia using an intersectional approach. The key research question addressed in the paper is to what extent, and in what ways, do racism and sexism impact on the entrepreneurial experiences of Asian immigrant women entrepreneurs and what strategies do they use in managing discrimination to protect themselves and their businesses? Four main strategies were derived from our findings, namely, creating a comfortable niche, playing the mainstream card, swallowing the pain, and resisting.
Chiarella, C, Kang, B, Nikitopoulos, CS & To, T-D 2013, 'Humps in the volatility structure of the crude oil futures market: New evidence', ENERGY ECONOMICS, vol. 40, no. 1, pp. 989-1000.
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This paper analyses the volatility structure of commodity derivatives markets. The model encompasses hump-shaped, unspanned stochastic volatility, which entails a finite-dimensional affine model for the commodity futures curve and quasi-analytical prices for options on commodity futures. Using an extensive database of crude oil futures and futures options spanning 21. years, we find the presence of hump-shaped, partially spanned stochastic volatility in the crude oil market. The hump shaped feature is more pronounced when the market is more volatile, and delivers better pricing as well as hedging performance under various dynamic factor hedging schemes. © 2013 Elsevier B.V.
Cleave, BL, Nikiforakis, N & Slonim, R 2013, 'Is there selection bias in laboratory experiments? The case of social and risk preferences', Experimental Economics, vol. 16, no. 3, pp. 372-382.
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Clegg, S & van Iterson, A 2013, 'The effects of liquefying place, time, and organizational boundaries on employee behavior: Lessons of classical sociology', M@n@gement, vol. 16, no. 5, pp. 621-621.
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This paper explores how the liquefying of place, time, and organizational boundaries affects social control and self-regulation at the workplace. We address Norbert Eliass civilizing process theory (Elias 2000), and some of the criticism it has evoked, to explore the effects of both physical proximity and distance on control and behavior in work organizations. We hold that the theory still has relevance for contemporary organization and management theory with roots in the more classical traditions of the sociological discipline. Assuming that physical proximity at work is decreasing because of increased telework, the geographical spread of firms, and growing interorganizational collaboration, there is much to be gained by maintaining classical perspectives.
Clegg, S, Josserand, EL, Mehra, A & Pitsis, T 2013, 'Call for Papers', Organization Studies, vol. 34, no. 3, pp. 426-428.
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Clegg, SR, Jarvis, WP & Pitsis, TS 2013, 'Making strategy matter: Social theory, knowledge interests and business education', BUSINESS HISTORY, vol. 55, no. 7, pp. 1247-1264.
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The tensions and challenges facing business education frame this paper, which takes a critical look at the historical evolution of business school education in the context of the present conjecture, with a particular emphasis on the role social theory can play in the analysis of strategy and ethics. Flyvbjerg's phronesis and Selznick's sociology are deployed to address the challenges facing business schools and their place in higher education. Kant's moral anthropology opens common grounds to both approaches. Our aim is to provide a platform from which business and university leaders can debate and discuss the current and future role and impact of business school education, particularly focusing on linking and cultivating ethical and strategic capabilities in management and organizational practices.
Clegg, SR, Pina e Cunha, M, Rego, A & Dias, J 2013, 'Mundane Objects and the Banality of Evil: The Sociomateriality of a Death Camp', JOURNAL OF MANAGEMENT INQUIRY, vol. 22, no. 3, pp. 325-340.
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In this article, we study one organization that played a pivotal role in the Cambodian genocide of the 1970s: the S-21 extermination center. We analyze, in particular, how processes of sociomateriality in the death camp contributed to create order and normalcy in an extreme and abnormal organization. A more nuanced view of agency ensues from this analysis, one that helps the understanding of how the creation of material spaces critically influences organizing, including the organizing of genocide.
Collins, J 2013, 'Multiculturalism and Immigrant Integration in Australia', Canadian Ethnic Studies, vol. 45, no. 3, pp. 133-149.
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Depuis plus de soixante ans, l’Australie est une nation de premier plan dans l’accueil des immigrants, alors que ceux-ci sont au cœur même de sa construction. Au cours des deux dernières décennies, le caractère de ces nouveaux arrivants a cependant changé considérablement, alors que les problèmes d’immigration et de multiculturalisme ont fait l’objet de controverses tant dans l’opinion publique que dans les politiques nationales. Mais qu’arrive-t-il en fait aux immigrés eux-mêmes en Australie? Cet article s’appuie sur toute une recherche primaire et secondaire afin de réviser l’évidence objective et subjective concernant leur intégration en faisant appel à un vaste éventail d’indicateurs. La question centrale de cet article, c’est de savoir à quel point ces nouveaux venus sont-ils insérés dans la vie économique, sociale, culturelle et politique du pays, et à quel point le multiculturalisme australien a-t-il réussi à atteindre l’objectif de cette insertion. Nous partons de la conceptualisation et des données comparatives de l’intégration des immigrés chez Kymlicka (2012) pour soutenir que, malgré les limites imposées à cette conceptualisation par l’accent mis sur la politique et les structures institutionnelles de l’intégration en question plutôt que sur les résultats et les expériences des colons immigrés dans ces sociétés, sa conclusion générale sur le succès relatif obtenu en Australie sur cette question et le rôle central du multiculturalisme dans ce résultat s’accorde bel et bien avec l’évidence.
Collins, J 2013, 'Rethinking Australian Immigration and Immigrant Settlement Policy', Journal of Intercultural Studies, vol. 34, no. 2, pp. 160-177.
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In the past two decades the Australian immigration experience has changed considerably in response to the changing impact of globalisation and the changing geopolitics post 9/11. During this time immigration and multiculturalism have remained controversial. This article reviews the Australian experience with immigration and immigrant settlement over the past few decades. The aim was to provide the guidelines for Australian immigration and settlement policy in coming decades. The paper makes the case for a future Australian immigration policy that favours continued large-scale immigration but within a framework with an increasing emphasis on long-term nation building rather than the short-term economic benefits of increasing guest worker immigration. This would mean restoring the vision of Australia as a settler immigration country where primacy is once again given to permanent immigration intakes with relative increases in humanitarian and family migration while temporary immigration continues but is constrained and more carefully monitored. The paper also argues for a continuation of multiculturalism, but reimagined within a cosmopolitan framework and reassessed with revitalised programmatic content within a more explicitly anti-racism framework. © 2013 Copyright Taylor and Francis Group, LLC.
Cotton, D & Trück, S 2013, 'Emissions Mitigation Schemes in Australia—The Past, Present and Future', Low Carbon Economy, vol. 04, no. 02, pp. 80-94.
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Australia was one of the first countries in the world to adopt mandatory emissions trading schemes as part of its emissions mitigation program. To date there have been six states and one federal emissions mitigation schemes. Some state schemes operate in conjunction with other states or the federal scheme and some operate independently. This complex set of regulations and requirements for emitters has led to a deficiency in nationwide coverage with no firm target set for Australia. In July 2011 the Federal Labor Government released details of a carbon tax proposal which was passed by the two houses of Parliament by the end of 2011 and was introduced in July 2012. The Government states that an emissions trading scheme will be introduced in 2015 with a possible link to the European Emissions Trading Scheme (EU ETS). This paper provides a critical overview of Australian responses to climate change, with a particular emphasis on the numerous emissions mitigation schemes.
Cunha, MPE, Clegg, S & Rego, A 2013, 'Lessons for leaders: Positive organization studies meets Niccolò Machiavelli', Leadership, vol. 9, no. 4, pp. 450-465.
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Machiavelli should be a central and canonical text for management education, even in the age of positive organizational literatures. We give it this role by considering the case of the virtuous leader. Our proposition is simple: virtuous leaders live and act, like anybody else, in the power circuits that are constitutive of reality. Therefore, they participate in power dynamics that sometimes make them face the need to decide in ways that do not correspond to normative positive precepts. Machiavelli shows that even virtuous leaders must do what needs to be done, while trying to preserve one’s values and move in the direction of noble, high purpose goals.
Cunningham, PA & Wearing, SL 2013, 'Does consensus work? A case study of the Cloughjordan ecovillage, Ireland', Cosmopolitan Civil Societies: An Interdisciplinary Journal, vol. 5, no. 2, pp. 1-28.
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Ecovillages have grown in number around the world since the early 1990s. This growth appears to be largely due to the contested nature of post/modernity and the desire to establish a more simple, meaningful and sustainable lifestyle that is centered on community. The end of the 1990s represented the high tide of neo-liberalism in most advance liberal democracies. Ten years later, and the global economy still demonstrates signs that modes of capitalism have intensified and spread under the influence of global and state orchestrated markets, giving rise to a search for alternatives that might provide other mechanisms for organizing our lives. Cloughjordan Ecovillage is used to examine how governance through a consensus-based decision-making approach works as an alternative in this circumstance. Generally, intentional communities are organized around egalitarian principles and therefore commonly embrace the ideology of consensus. The primary research question guiding this study was—Does consensus work in the governance of alternative lifestyles? The preliminary findings of this case study suggests that in spite of the impressive nature of the built infrastructure at this site, the community continues to struggle with consensus-based decision-making as a form of self-organization and governance.
Cunningham, PA & Wearing, SL 2013, 'The Politics of Consensus: An Exploration of the Cloughjordan Ecovillage, Ireland', Cosmopolitan Civil Societies: An Interdisciplinary Journal, vol. 5, no. 2, pp. 1-28.
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Ecovillages have grown in number around the world since the early 1990s. This growth appears to be largely due to the contested nature of post/modernity and the desire to establish a more simple, meaningful and sustainable lifestyle that is centered on community. The end of the 1990s represented the high tide of neo-liberalism in most advance liberal democracies. Ten years later, and the global economy still demonstrates signs that modes of capitalism have intensified and spread under the influence of global and state orchestrated markets, giving rise to a search for alternatives that might provide other mechanisms for organizing our lives. Cloughjordan Ecovillage is used to examine how governance through a consensus-based decision-making approach works as an alternative in this circumstance. Generally, intentional communities are organized around egalitarian principles and therefore commonly embrace the ideology of consensus. The primary research question guiding this study wasDoes consensus work in the governance of alternative lifestyles? The preliminary findings of this case study suggests that in spite of the impressive nature of the built infrastructure at this site, the community continues to struggle with consensus-based decision-making as a form of self-organization and governance.
Cvelbar, LK & Dwyer, L 2013, 'An importance–performance analysis of sustainability factors for long-term strategy planning in Slovenian hotels', Journal of Sustainable Tourism, vol. 21, no. 3, pp. 487-504.
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Darcy, S & Dowse, L 2013, 'In search of a level playing field – the constraints and benefits of sport participation for people with intellectual disability', Disability & Society, vol. 28, no. 3, pp. 393-407.
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This paper presents the results of a study seeking to examine the experiences of people with intellectual disability in a sporting context. The research design employed an online, interviewer-completed questionnaire in both a standard and an easy English version designed for administration by a third party for those requiring assistance to respond. Questions sought both quantitative responses about levels of participation and qualitative responses about constraints experienced and benefits received from participation. The results of the study show high levels of participation reported by people who are independent or have lower to moderate support needs, whereas people with high to very high support needs had substantially lower levels of participation. Constraints are examined for both those who participate in sport and those who do not. For those who do participate, the benefits were identified as overwhelmingly social in nature, including belonging, companionship and achievement. © 2013 Copyright Taylor and Francis Group, LLC.
De Matos, JA & Clegg, SR 2013, 'Sustainability and Organizational Change', Journal of Change Management, vol. 13, no. 4, pp. 382-386.
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Delavande, A, Hurd, MD, Martorell, P & Langa, KM 2013, 'Dementia and out‐of‐pocket spending on health care services', Alzheimer's & Dementia, vol. 9, no. 1, pp. 19-29.
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BackgroundHigh levels of out‐of‐pocket (OOP) spending for health care may lead patients to forego needed services and medications as well as hamper their ability to pay for other essential goods. Because it leads to disability and the loss of independence, dementia may put patients and their families at risk for high OOP spending, especially for long‐term care services.MethodsWe used data from the Aging, Demographics, and Memory Study, a nationally representative subsample (n = 743) of the Health and Retirement Study, to determine whether individuals with dementia had higher self‐reported OOP spending compared with those with cognitive impairment without dementia and those with normal cognitive function. We also examined the relationship between dementia and utilization of dental care and prescription medications—two types of health care that are frequently paid for OOP. Multivariate and logistic regression models were used to adjust for the influence of potential confounders.ResultsAfter controlling for demographics and comorbidities, those with dementia had more than three times the yearly OOP spending compared with those with normal cognition ($8216 for those with dementia vs. $2570 for those with normal cognition, P < .01). Higher OOP spending for those with dementia was mainly driven by greater expenditures on nursing home care (P < .01). Dementia was not associated with the likelihood of visiting the dentist (P = .76) or foregoing prescription medications owing to cost (P = .34).ConclusionsDementia is associated with high levels of OOP spending but not with the use of dental care or foregoing prescription me...
Doloswala, KN, Thompson, D & Toner, P 2013, 'Digital based media design: The innovative contribution of design graduates from vocational and higher education sectors', International Journal of Technology and Design Education, vol. 23, no. 2, pp. 409-423.
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Design is increasingly being recognised as a key source of competitive advantage in the innovation economy of many countries. The key objective of this research was to understand the contribution by design graduates to creative industries innovative activities. Primary research was conducted to understand barriers and limitations of graduate contributions to such activities. The attributes and skills of graduates from the university and Vocational Education and Training sectors were the subject of the study. Two focus groups, one with the education sectors and the other with representatives from design firms, government institutions and design associations were held. Though each group of graduates was praised for having certain skill sets graduates from both sectors were found to be lacking in three key areas: problem solving, communication skills and commercial knowledge. A range of suggestions for systemic improvement were proposed as a result of the study. © 2011 Springer Science+Business Media B.V.
Doloswala, KN, Thompson, D & Toner, P 2013, 'Digital based media design: the innovative contribution of design graduates from vocational and higher education sectors', INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF TECHNOLOGY AND DESIGN EDUCATION, vol. 23, no. 2, pp. 409-423.
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Design is increasingly being recognised as a key source of competitive advantage in the innovation economy of many countries. The key objective of this research was to understand the contribution by design graduates to creative industries innovative activities. Primary research was conducted to understand barriers and limitations of graduate contributions to such activities. The attributes and skills of graduates from the university and Vocational Education and Training sectors were the subject of the study. Two focus groups, one with the education sectors and the other with representatives from design firms, government institutions and design associations were held. Though each group of graduates was praised for having certain skill sets graduates from both sectors were found to be lacking in three key areas: problem solving, communication skills and commercial knowledge. A range of suggestions for systemic improvement were proposed as a result of the study.
Dwyer, L, Forsyth, P, Spurr, R & Hoque, S 2013, 'Economic Impacts of a Carbon Tax on the Australian Tourism Industry', Journal of Travel Research, vol. 52, no. 2, pp. 143-155.
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The article assesses the potential economic effects on the Australian tourism industry from the introduction of a carbon tax introduced July 1, 2012. The tax is projected to lead to changes in key macroeconomic variables, reducing growth in real GDP, real consumption, and employment. Most tourism industries in Australia will experience a small but significant contraction in output relative to projected baseline values over the period to 2020 in line with a reduction in growth for the economy as a whole. A slightly larger reduction in tourism employment, relative to that of other Australian industries, is projected for the period. The largest falls occur in the Accommodation; Air and water transport; and the Cafes, restaurants and food outlets industries. Since direction of impacts on the tourism industry can be expected to be similar for any pricing scheme to reduce carbon emissions, the analysis has implications for tourism policy globally.
e Cunha, MP, Rego, A, Clegg, S & Neves, P 2013, 'The case for transcendent followership', Leadership, vol. 9, no. 1, pp. 87-106.
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Based on the model of transcendent leadership, we suggest that subordinates need to display competences that mirror those of their leaders and propose transcendent followership as a framework for the responsibilities of followers in contemporary organizational environments. A transcendent follower is someone who expresses competence in terms of their management of relations with self, others and organization. Competence in the domain of self refers to being self-aware and proactive in developing individual strengths. Competence in the domain of others refers to the processes of interpersonal impact, in relation to leaders and peers. Competence in the domain of organization refers to collective maintenance and change. The article offers an integrated view of the roles and responsibilities of followers in dynamic organizational environments, presenting them as fellows rather than subordinates.
Ebrahimpour, M, Putniņš, TJ, Berryman, MJ, Allison, A, Ng, BW-H & Abbott, D 2013, 'Automated Authorship Attribution Using Advanced Signal Classification Techniques', PLoS ONE, vol. 8, no. 2, pp. e54998-e54998.
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In this paper, we develop two automated authorship attribution schemes, one based on Multiple Discriminant Analysis (MDA) and the other based on a Support Vector Machine (SVM). The classification features we exploit are based on word frequencies in the text. We adopt an approach of preprocessing each text by stripping it of all characters except a-z and space. This is in order to increase the portability of the software to different types of texts. We test the methodology on a corpus of undisputed English texts, and use leave-one-out cross validation to demonstrate classification accuracies in excess of 90%. We further test our methods on the Federalist Papers, which have a partly disputed authorship and a fair degree of scholarly consensus. And finally, we apply our methodology to the question of the authorship of the Letter to the Hebrews by comparing it against a number of original Greek texts of known authorship. These tests identify where some of the limitations lie, motivating a number of open questions for future work. An open source implementation of our methodology is freely available for use at https://github.com/matthewberryman/author-detection.
Edwards, D & Griffin, T 2013, 'Understanding tourists' spatial behaviour: GPS tracking as an aid to sustainable destination management', JOURNAL OF SUSTAINABLE TOURISM, vol. 21, no. 4, pp. 580-595.
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The spatial behaviour of tourists within cities is not well understood, partly because of the complexities of cities as spaces and partly because few studies have addressed this phenomenon. This paper reports on collaborative research studies, conducted in conjunction with destination-management agencies in the Australian cities of Sydney and Melbourne. The studies used Global Positioning System (GPS) tracking devices to find out how various kinds of tourists moved around each city, supplemented by semi-structured interviews with the tourists to help explain their movement patterns. A total of 154 participant groups took part. Each study sought to provide information to destination-management agencies to help them improve aspects of the visitor's experience by improving wayfinding systems. Findings were analysed visually using a space syntax approach. Tourists walked between 10 and 35 km per day. Lack of knowledge of public transport systems and ticketing was a major constraint on public transport use. Melbourne's street pattern and its free city circle tram were found more user-friendly than Sydney's street pattern and public transport. The resulting visual maps provided destination managers with a valuable diagnostic tool; a range of new initiatives have been developed, including better conference visitor information, and training for information centre staff.
Edwards, M, Burridge, N & Yerbury, H 2013, 'Translating Public Policy: Enhancing the Applicability of Social Impact Techniques for Grassroots Community Groups', Cosmopolitan Civil Societies: An Interdisciplinary Journal, vol. 5, no. 2, pp. 29-44.
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This paper reports on an exploratory action research study designed to understand how grassroots community organisations engage in the measurement and reporting of social impact and how they demonstrate their social impact to local government funders. Our findings suggest that the relationships between small non-profit organisations, the communities they serve or represent and their funders are increasingly driven from the top down formalised practices. Volunteer-run grassroots organisations can be marginalized in this process. Members may lack awareness of funders’ strategic approaches or the formalized auditing and control requirements of funders mean grassroots organisations lose capacity to define their programs and projects. We conclude that, to help counter this trend, tools and techniques which open up possibilities for dialogue between those holding power and those seeking support are essential.
Essen, MV & Wooders, J 2013, 'Blind Stealing: Experience and Expertise in a Mixed-Strategy Poker Experiment', Games and Economic Behavior, vol. 91, pp. 186-206.
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We explore the role of experience in mixed-strategy games by comparing, for a stylized version of Texas Hold-em, the behavior of experts, who have extensive experience playing poker online, to the behavior of novices. We find significant differences. The initial frequencies with which players bet and call are closer to equilibrium for experts than novices. And, while the betting and calling frequencies of both types of subjects exhibit too much heterogeneity to be consistent with equilibrium play, the frequencies of experts exhibit less heterogeneity. We find evidence that the style of online play transfers from the field to the lab.
Fam, K-S, S. Waller, D, Cyril de Run, E & He, J 2013, 'Advertising dislikeability in Asia', Asia Pacific Journal of Marketing and Logistics, vol. 25, no. 1, pp. 144-161.
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Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to determine what can cause dislike of an advertisement's message in Asia. Television commercials were looked at specifically to provide an insight into the construct of advertising dislikeability and how it affects purchase intention and purchase frequency.Design/methodology/approach– The study utilizes the attention/salience hypothesis. A total of 931 people were questioned in five Asian cities (Hong Kong, Shanghai, Jakarta, Bangkok and Mumbai) using telephone interviews.Findings– The results revealed 931 dislike attributes that were reduced to seven: style, meaningless, character, exaggeration, irresponsive, violent and hard-sell. There also appears to be a close relationship between the disliking of advertisements and purchase intention and purchase frequency.Practical implications– Findings indicate a strong relationship of the dislikeability variables with culture and religion in the five Asian cities and this must be taken seriously by advertisers. International advertisers need to pay attention to the local values and tradition and use the advertising communication message appropriately.Social implications– Advertisers must be acutely aware of the social norms in designing their advertisements and the findings here can be a guide for public and/or industry policy towards advertising.Originality/value– The paper has produced a new construct of advertising dislikeability...
Fang, QX, Ma, L, Yu, Q, Hu, CS, Li, XX, Malone, RW & Ahuja, LR 2013, 'Quantifying Climate and Management Effects on Regional Crop Yield and Nitrogen Leaching in the North China Plain', Journal of Environmental Quality, vol. 42, no. 5, pp. 1466-1479.
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Better water and nitrogen (N) management requires better understanding of soil water and N balances and their effects on crop yield under various climate and soil conditions. In this study, the calibrated Root Zone Water Quality Model (RZWQM2) was used to assess crop yield and N leaching under current and alternative management practices in a double-cropped wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and maize (Zea mays L.) system under longterm weather conditions (19702009) for dominant soil types at 15 locations in the North China Plain. The results provided quantitative long-term variation of deep seepage and N leaching at these locations, which strengthened the existing qualitative knowledge for site-specific management of water and N. In general, the current management practices showed high residual soil N and N leaching in the region, with the amounts varying between crops and from location to location and from year to year. Seasonal rainfall explained 39 to 84% of the variability in N leaching (19702009) in maize across locations, while for wheat, its relationship with N leaching was significant (P < 0.01) only at five locations. When N and/or irrigation inputs were reduced to 40 to 80% of their current levels, N leaching generally responded more to N rate than to irrigation, while the reverse was true for crop yield at most locations. Matching N input with crop requirements under limited water conditions helped achieve lower N leaching without considerable soil N accumulation. Based on the long-term simulation results and water resources availability in the region, it is recommended to irrigate at 60 to 80% of the current water levels and fertilize only at 40 to 60% of the current N rate to minimizing N leaching without compromising crop yield.
Fee, A & Gray, SJ 2013, 'Transformational learning experiences of international development volunteers in the Asia-Pacific: The case of a multinational NGO', Journal of World Business, vol. 48, no. 2, pp. 196-208.
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While most MNE activity in Asia and the Pacific focuses on rapidly developing and newly industrialized economies, multinational NGOs have for decades provided important financial, human and social capital to poorer nations in the region. Our study examines the learning experiences of a sample of expatriate volunteer workers deployed by the Asia-Pacific's largest international volunteer agency. Our field research shows that, when compared to a control group, the expatriates learning was unique in terms of context, process and outcomes. Notably, expatriates experienced learning outcomes that were more frequently transformational, involving fundamental changes to their values, perspectives or assumptions.
Fee, A, Gray, SJ & Lu, S 2013, 'Developing cognitive complexity from the expatriate experience', International Journal of Cross Cultural Management, vol. 13, no. 3, pp. 299-318.
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This study examines whether an international work assignment can contribute toward expatriates developing greater cognitive complexity, the core building block of a global mindset and a capability critical to being an effective cross-cultural operative. Using a pre-test–post-test longitudinal panel design, cognitive changes in a sample of Australian and New Zealand expatriates working in 18 different countries were measured. The findings show that, as a group, the expatriates’ levels of cognitive complexity increased significantly during the 12-month study period. The individuals who experienced the largest increase were those who interacted most frequently with host culture nationals.
Fee, A, McGrath-Champ, S & Liu, H 2013, 'Human resources and expatriate evacuation: a conceptual model', Journal of Global Mobility, vol. 1, no. 3, pp. 246-263.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to introduce a conceptual model that integrates multi-disciplinary research in relation to crisis management, and to consider its application for international human resource managers in preventing and managing the evacuation of expatriate staff during crises. Design/methodology/approach – The paper critically reviews and distils research into crisis and evacuation management, and examines its relevance to a generic framework of international human resource roles. The paper evaluates this body of literature and suggests potential research avenues from an international human resource perspective. Findings – The review reveals a dearth of research on emergency evacuation of expatriates from a human resources perspective. The paper articulates a framework that delineates what role human resource managers could, or should, play during crisis preparation and response. This framework aims to establish a basic “roadmap” for use by practitioners and researchers. Originality/value – Focusing on the human (rather than business) implications of crises, the paper links crisis management literature to the role of international human resource managers in supporting the health, safety, and security of international assignees during crises. A framework is presented which enables managers to map their current (and potential) contributions to preventing and managing expatriate ...
Ferguson, A, Feigin, A & Kean, S 2013, 'Gold mine feasibility study disclosure in Australia: Determinants and implications', Resources Policy, vol. 38, no. 1, pp. 8-17.
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This study investigates disclosure practices for gold development companies in their feasibility studies. The information environment around feasibility studies released by developmental stage enterprises in the Australian gold mining industry is characterised by little in the way of disclosure guidance or rules. This contrasts with Canadian disclosure requirements which are highly prescriptive. Using a sample of 85 Australian gold feasibility studies, we develop a new voluntary disclosure index and consider three problems. First, we examine the association between levels of voluntary disclosure in the feasibility study and external involvement. Second, we consider whether levels of voluntary disclosure are associated with successful debt financing. Third, we analyse the relationship between levels of voluntary disclosure and a successful project outcome. Voluntary disclosure is found to be driven by the presence of an external feasibility manager and the number of external consultants named in the feasibility release. Our evidence also finds that voluntary disclosure levels are positively related to debt financing availability and project success, suggesting voluntary disclosure levels are a useful signal of project quality. © 2012 Elsevier Ltd.
Field, J & Chelliah, J 2013, 'Employers need to get to grips with social-media risks', Human Resource Management International Digest, vol. 21, no. 7, pp. 25-26.
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Purpose – Highlights the risks employers face when employees use social media. Design/methodology/approach – Considers types of risks and suggests how they could be mitigated. Findings – Reveals that employers need two policies to manage risks associated with the use of social media; a policy covering business use of social media and another covering employees' personal use of social media. Practical implications – Guides managers in assessing the exposure of their organizations and clients to the risks identified. Originality/value – Raises the issue of organizational awareness and preparedness to undertake challenges posed by social media.
Fleming, P 2013, '‘Down with Big Brother!’ The End of ‘Corporate Culturalism’?', Journal of Management Studies, vol. 50, no. 3, pp. 474-495.
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abstractHugh Willmott's classic 1993JMSarticle, ‘Strength is Ignorance; Freedom is Slavery’, has greatly influenced how we understand culture management. It draws parallel's with George Orwell'sNineteen Eighty‐Fourto reveal the totalitarian aspirations of ‘corporate culturalism’. While it is sometimes said that employee resistance is missing in Willmott's account, I argue that it is implicitly pervasive, prefiguring subsequent investigations of ‘micro‐emancipation’ in management studies. The recent waning of scholarly interest in this type of resistance, however, also points to the contemporary relevance of Willmott's analysis. Emergent forms of corporate regulation utilize ‘biopower’ rather than just cultural conformity, rendering micro‐emancipation inadequate, but inspiring other types of dissent.
Fleming, P, Roberts, J & Garsten, C 2013, 'In search of corporate social responsibility: Introduction to special issue', Organization, vol. 20, no. 3, pp. 337-348.
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This introduction to the special issue aims to contextualize and critically comment on the current trajectory of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) in both scholarly inquiry and business practice. It suggests that we must place it within the milieu of the ongoing economic crisis and the failure of a number of important opportunities to make business ethical (e.g. the 2012 Rio + 20 Earth Summit). It then suggests possible future terrain for tenable CSR research (and practice), especially in the context of widespread cynicism and disbelief regarding the claims of business ethicists in industry and the academy.
Foley, C, Schlenker, K, Edwards, D & Lewis-Smith, L 2013, 'Determining Business Event Legacies Beyond the Tourism Spend: An Australian Case Study Approach', Event Management, vol. 17, no. 3, pp. 311-322.
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Government and industry are aware that the full value of the business event sector needs to be established. To date, the sector has been evaluated on the economic contribution it makes to host destination tourism. The tourism contributions have been impressive in themselves; however, this narrow focus has failed to account for a more extensive set of contributions to economies and communities. Impacts from business events in areas such as innovation, education, networking, trade, research, and practice are generally considered to outweigh the financial returns of the tourism spend. Although anecdotal evidence of the value of business events beyond the tourism dimension has been evident for some time, empirical research in this area is limited. This article has four objectives: first, to highlight the research need for understanding the broader impacts of business events beyond the tourism spend; second, to identify the range and impact of contributions made by business events to host communities beyond the tourism spend; third, to examine five Australian business events utilizing a grounded theory approach and present a range of identified legacies in the categories of knowledge expansion; networking, relationships, and collaboration; educational outcomes; raising awareness and profiling; and showcasing and destination reputation. Finally, the article discusses the implications of these findings for the business events sector.
Frawley, S 2013, 'Organising Sport at the Olympic Games: The Case of Sydney 2000', INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF THE HISTORY OF SPORT, vol. 30, no. 5, pp. 527-544.
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In this paper, the interdependent and fluid organisational networks that form to organise Olympic Games are analysed using Norbert Elias's concept of human figurations. Rather than considering organisational situations and developments in static terms, Eliasian process sociology frames the place of organisations within the broader social and historical contexts in which they operate. From an Eliasian perspective, the organisation of a mega-project, such as the Olympic Games, is not only the result of recent developments but also of countless social and organisational figurations that developed over many years prior to the winning of a bid to stage the event. In this regard, the organisation of the Olympic Games is the result of both planned and unplanned consequences of organising over which no one individual ever has total control.
Frawley, S 2013, 'Organizational Power and the Management of a Mega-Event: The Case of Sydney 2000', Event Management, vol. 19, no. 2, pp. 247-260.
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The organization of a mega-event such as the Olympic Games is a complex task involving a multitude of individuals and stakeholder groups. In 2000, Australia's largest city, Sydney, staged the summer olympic games. The agency given primary responsibility for these games was the Sydney organizing committee for the olympic games (SOCOG). Two additional organizations also played a central role in the management of the event: The Australian Olympic Committee and the New South Wales Government. This article explores the role played by the host national olympic committee as a key Olympic stakeholder in the organization of the olympic games. The research highlights that organization of a mega-project, such as the olympic games, is not only the result of recent developments but also of countless social and organizational figurations that developed over many years prior to the winning of a bid to stage the event.
Freeman, W, Wells, PA & Wyatt, A 2013, 'Insights from the Failure of the Countrywide Financial Corporation', International Journal of Managerial Finance, vol. 10, no. 1, pp. 115-136.
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Fujak, H & Frawley, SM 2013, 'The Barassi Line: Quantifying Australia's Great', Sporting Traditions, vol. 30, no. 2, pp. 93-110.
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The Australian sports landscape features a cultural divide reflected by a distinction in preference between Australian Rules and Rugby football. This cultural phenomenon is associated with a geographic division, known as the `Barassi Line, which demarcates the divergent football preferences of South-Western and North-Eastern Australia. This article aims to assess the existence and strength of the Barassi Line, and discuss the implications of the results in terms of the current competitive environment. Television ratings for a sample of 2,297 AFL and NRL fixtures played between 2007 and 2011 are analysed to determine code specific interest at a region-by-region level.
Garbarino, E, Slonim, R & Wang, C 2013, 'The multidimensional effects of a small gift: Evidence from a natural field experiment', Economics Letters, vol. 120, no. 1, pp. 83-86.
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Germain, O & Josserand, E 2013, 'The M@n@gement journey, spanning boundaries and navigating at the fringe', M@n@gement, vol. 16, no. 5, pp. 535-535.
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A few weeks ago, one of the co-authors of this paper received a rejection from an FT listed journal. There is nothing in itself extraordinary in this: we are all used to rejections. The paper did have weaknesses and we could understand why it might have been rejected. What was remarkable about the decision was its concision and the motive presented for it. No justification was given beyond the following sentence: a primary reason for rejecting the manuscript is that your research explores a unique case, which does not have applicability to many situations. While the reviewers had picked out some of the other weaknesses of the paper, the main reason for rejection seemed genuinely to be the specificity of the case study (the French context) and the fact that it only examined a single case. What seemed to us an extraordinary opportunity to study this research topic, one that had been recurrently identified by other scholars as important, was seen by the reviewers as lacking possibilities of generalization. Among others, Bent Flyvbjerg (2006) suggests that it is conventional to assume that single case studies cannot be used to inform generalizations and do not therefore contribute significantly to scientific progress. He advocates and emphasizes the usefulness of black swans as a supplement or alternative to other methods, while suggesting that formal generalization is overvalued as a source of scientific development, whereas `the force of example is underestimated (Flyvbjerg, 2006, p. 228). This implies that academic journals are aware of this approach and, more widely, of the richness and diversity of research.
Gibson, RJ, Michayluk, D & Van de Venter, G 2013, 'Financial risk tolerance: An analysis of unexplored factors', Financial Services Review, vol. 22, no. 1, pp. 23-50.
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Using data from a survey alliance between Kiplinger's Personal Finance Magazine, PBS's Nightly Business Report, and FinaMetrica, this study explores various demographical and attitudinal factors related to financial risk tolerance. Investigating risk tolerance scores of more than 2,000 individuals immediately after the 2008 Global Financial Crisis, we find a positive relationship between risk tolerance and income, investment knowledge and positive stock market expectations. Risk tolerance is found to be lower for females, older individuals, those that currently use a financial advisor and individuals that perceive the stock market to be riskier than two years before.
Glover, K, Hulley, H & Peskir, G 2013, 'THREE-DIMENSIONAL BROWNIAN MOTION AND THE GOLDEN RATIO RULE', ANNALS OF APPLIED PROBABILITY, vol. 23, no. 3, pp. 895-922.
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Let X = (Xt)t≥0 be a transient diffusion process in (0,∞) with the diffusion coefficient σ < 0 and the scale function L such that Xt → ∞ as t → ∞, let It denote its running minimum for t ≥ 0, and let θ denote the time of its ultimate minimum I∞. Setting c(i, x) = 1.2L(x)/L(i) we show that the stopping time [equation presented] minimizes E(|θ-ρ|-θ) over all stopping times τ of X (with finite mean) where the optimal boundary f. can be characterized as the minimal solution to [equation presented] staying strictly above the curve h(i) = L-1(L(i)/2) for i < 0. In particular, when X is the radial part of three-dimensional Brownian motion, we find that where ψ = (1 +□5)/2 = 1.61.. is the golden ratio. The derived results are applied to problems of optimal trading in the presence of bubbles where we show that the golden ratio rule offers a rigorous optimality argument for the choice of the well-known golden retracement in technical analysis of asset prices. © 2013 Institute of Mathematical Statistics.
Glover, KJ & Hambusch, G 2013, 'The Trade-Off Theory Revisited: On the Effect of Operating Leverage', International Journal of Managerial Finance, vol. 10, no. 1, pp. 2-22.
Gochoco‐Bautista, MS, Wang, J & Yang, M 2013, 'Commodity Price, Carry Trade, and the Volatility and Liquidity of Asian Currencies'.
Gordon, R 2013, 'Unlocking the potential of upstream social marketing', European Journal of Marketing, vol. 47, no. 9, pp. 1525-1547.
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Purpose – Social marketing scholars have posited that influencing policy makers, regulators, managers and educators can help address societal problems “upstream”. Applying “upstream social marketing”, these groups can be treated as target audiences, and through use of marketing techniques, advocacy, stakeholder engagement, and informing evidence based policy making, their behaviour can be influenced to engender pro-social outcomes, for example through policy change. However, examples and guidance on how upstream social marketing can be effectively employed to successfully alter the structural environment is lacking. This article aims to unlock the potential of upstream social marketing by examining how it can be systematically employed. Design/methodology/approach – The article examines the development of the upstream social marketing concept in the extant literature, and presents some guiding principles, before analysing the case study of minimum unit pricing of alcohol in Scotland. The failure to comprehensively employ upstream social marketing in this case is compared with the successful use of upstream social marketing in tobacco control. Findings – The article suggests that heretofore, upstream social marketing has not always been systematically applied using social marketing principles. Guidance on upstream social marketing is presented, and thoughts on the trajectory of the concept for the future are offered. Originality/value<...
Govendir, B & Wells, PA 2013, 'An evaluation of regulated IFRS and non-IFRS firm performance measures', JASSA, vol. 2013, no. 1, pp. 13-23.
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This paper provides empirical evidence on the relative ability of regulated earnings and alternative non-IFRS performance measures to capture firm performance. It also evaluates the appropriateness of the regulatory response to the increasing incidence of non-IFRS performance measures. Our findings suggest that there is no single superior performance measure to regulated earnings and that ASICs response to the growing incidence of non-IFRS performance measures, RG230, and allowing firms to make such disclosures, was most likely appropriate.
Greenacre, L, Burke, PF, Denize, S & Pearce, R 2013, 'The choice of content by information providers in word of mouth communications', Academy of Marketing Studies Journal, vol. 16, no. SI, pp. 19-34.
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Word-of-Mouth communication is an invaluable source of information for consumers. A comprehensive understanding of the flow of market information through interpersonal networks is therefore of unique theoretical and practical importance. Present Word-of-Mouth research is receiver centric, largely ignoring the role of the information provider as a gatekeeper to information dissemination. The objective of this research is to develop a more comprehensive understanding of Word-of-Mouth by modelling the decision making behaviour of information providers. Adopting the network theory general assumption of altruistic exchange motivation, this research uses a choice modelling framework to demonstrate that information providers assign greater utility to (1) information about product features important to the receiver, and (2) information which disconfirms receiver preferences. In addition, these effects are found to be moderated by perceptions about the receivers knowledge. Existing research has not previously considered information providers perceptions of receivers as a potential moderator of WOM flow, with the results here suggesting this should be an area of future investigation. © 2012 by the DreamCatchers Group, LLC.
Hafalir, IE, Yenmez, MB & Yildirim, MA 2013, 'Effective affirmative action in school choice', Theoretical Economics, vol. 8, no. 2, pp. 325-363.
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The prevalent affirmative action policy in school choice limits the number of admitted majority students to give minority students higher chances to attend their desired schools. There have been numerous efforts to reconcile affirmative action policies with celebrated matching mechanisms such as the deferred acceptance and top trading cycles algorithms. Nevertheless, it is theoretically shown that under these algorithms, the policy based on majority quotas may be detrimental to minorities. Using simulations we find that this is a more common phenomenon rather than a peculiarity-up to 25% of minorities and 55% of majorities can be worse off. To circumvent the inefficiency caused by majority quotas, we offer a different interpretation of the affirmative action policies based on minority reserves. With minority reserves, schools give higher priority to minority students up to the point that the minorities fill the reserves. We compare the welfare effects of these policies. The deferred acceptance algorithm with minority reserves Pareto dominates the one with majority quotas. Our simulations, which allows for correlations between student preferences and school priorities, indicate that minorities are on average better off with minority reserves while adverse effects on majorities are mitigated.
Hall, R, Agarwal, R & Green, R 2013, 'The future of management education in Australia: challenges and innovations', Education + Training, vol. 55, no. 4/5, pp. 348-369.
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PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to undertake a survey of the external and internal forces changing the nature of business schools and business education. It aims to investigate how management education responds to increasing productivity, innovation and capability challenges, examine how MBA programs currently meet these demands, and how these courses might redefine their identity and delivery and finally explore how to deepen engagement between business schools and business stakeholders, and to balance the imperatives of relevance and quality.Design/methodology/approachThis is a survey of business schools and business education in the context of evolving educational and industry policy in Australia in response to an increasingly international and competitive economy. The different potential roles and strategies of business schools are examined, and future strategies identified.FindingsThe paper finds that management education is facing insistent pressure to change internationally, and that business schools need to become more dynamic, innovative and responsive to succeed.Research limitations/implicationsThis survey considers the implications of recent policy on business education and relates this to emerging practice. Further research is required on how innovative pedagogical approaches will deliver more integrated and relevant business education.Practical implicationsThe paper defines key business school strategies, and outlines significant new approaches to making business education more innovative, ...
HARADA, T & WAITT, G 2013, 'Researching Transport Choices: The Possibilities of ‘Mobile Methodologies’ to Study Life‐on‐the‐Move', Geographical Research, vol. 51, no. 2, pp. 145-152.
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AbstractPersonal transport choices are under increased government scrutiny as private cars are attributed with exacerbating carbon emissions. This paper appraises the value of mobile methodologies for researching transport choices through paying closer attention to life‐on‐the‐move. Drawing on key debates within geography regarding the ‘new’ mobilities paradigm that challenge ideas which render drivers as lifeless, this paper illustrates the merits and challenges of designing a project that embraced mobile methodologies to explore the unwilled and unforeseen aspects of driving. Examples are drawn from a project conducted inWollongong,NewSouthWales,Australia.
Hassanli, N, Brown, G & Tajzadeh-Namin, A 2013, 'Tourist decision-making: selecting a travel agency in Iran', Anatolia, vol. 24, no. 3, pp. 438-451.
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This paper identifies factors that influence the decision to select a travel agency when purchasing domestic package tours in Iran. The analysis of 176 questionnaires reveals the relative importance placed on "product features", "service delivery", "price", "advertising", and "image and accessibility of travel agency". It is found that females attach more importance to "product features" while retirees place more emphasis on "service delivery" compared to other groups. Comparison of questionnaires completed by managers and tourists indicates significant differences in the effectiveness of seven attributes. Travel agencies can use the findings to more effectively meet the needs of tourist markets. © 2013 © 2013 Taylor & Francis.
Hergesell, A & Dickinger, A 2013, 'Environmentally friendly holiday transport mode choices among students: the role of price, time and convenience', Journal of Sustainable Tourism, vol. 21, no. 4, pp. 596-613.
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Transport mode choice is a critical element in holiday decision-making, affecting other components of the holiday and the holiday's environmental impacts. This study investigates the role of price, time and convenience regarding transport mode choice using a stated choice experiment. It explores differences in mode choice among European student travelers, a very active travel segment, with some environmental awareness but low regard for the environmental impacts of their travels. Survey data from 372 respondents, resulting in 5952 choice situations, gives insight into transport mode choice and the role of travel cost, travel time, punctuality, access time/mode, travel class and type of connection. Results indicate that cost is the most important product attribute followed by time, with convenience playing a secondary role for student travelers. Flying emerged as the top choice (50%), followed by rail (25%) and car (21%). The findings also show that the degree of respondents' general pro-environmental behavior-rather than their environmental attitudes-shapes students' transport mode choices. However, a complex picture emerges, with a range of varying perceptions about the importance of time components (punctuality and access time) for each mode, and a negative threshold for journeys by rail of over five hours. © 2013 Copyright Taylor and Francis Group, LLC.
Ho, HD & Ganesan, S 2013, 'Does Knowledge Base Compatibility Help or Hurt Knowledge Sharing between Suppliers in Coopetition? the Role of Customer Participation', Journal of Marketing, vol. 77, no. 6, pp. 91-107.
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Competing suppliers that collaborate to serve downstream original equipment manufacturer customers often encounter partners with overlapping and compatible knowledge bases. Such knowledge base compatibility provides supplier partners the opportunity to exchange knowledge efficiently, leading to greater knowledge sharing. However, the ease of misappropriation of the shared knowledge can offset this beneficial effect. This research proposes that the effect of knowledge base compatibility on supplier partners' knowledge sharing is moderated by the customer's participation in the collaborative effort and by the customer value such effort creates. The results of two empirical studies show that when levels of both customer participation and customer value are high, knowledge base compatibility between supplier partners leads to greater knowledge sharing. In contrast, when customer participation is high but customer value is low, knowledge base compatibility leads to lower levels of supplier knowledge sharing. This investigation validates the importance of key factors related to supplier partners' opportunity and motivation to share knowledge in coopetitive partnerships.
Howell, RT, Kurai, M & Tam, L 2013, 'Money Buys Financial Security and Psychological Need Satisfaction: Testing Need Theory in Affluence', Social Indicators Research, vol. 110, no. 1, pp. 17-29.
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Hunter, K & Tse, H 2013, 'Making disciplinary writing and thinking practices an integral part of academic content teaching', Active Learning in Higher Education, vol. 14, no. 3, pp. 227-239.
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Educators and researchers are increasingly calling for the processes of writing and knowledge construction to be an integral part of disciplinary learning. This article contributes to the literature by presenting an empirical analysis of a programme that was designed to expose students to the complexities of academic practices in conjunction with disciplinary concepts. The impact of the programme was evaluated through analysis of student grades before and after its implementation and student and tutor perception of its effect. Data collected included surveys, interviews and focus groups. The data showed that the programme generated student engagement with the processes of knowledge construction and reflected better thinking in the subject. This was evidenced by effective utilisation of feedback and improved grades in written assignments. The findings suggest that similar programmes are of value potentially to any discipline.
Hunter, KA & Tse, H 2013, 'Student perceptions of embedded writing programs taught by disciplinary academics', Journal of Academic Language and Learning, vol. 7, no. 2, pp. 95-105.
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Support for developing writing within a disciplinary context has led to widespread embedding of academic literacy in the curriculum. Yet when embedding does take place it is often left to delivery from writing specialists working collaboratively with the discipline academic. Despite the widely held opinion that it is “the tutor‟s role as expert speaker of a specialized discourse” (Northedge, 2003) to give students access to that discourse, programs that embed writing practices into academic content teaching taught by disciplinary academics remain largely under-researched. This paper explores student perceptions of three different embedded writing programs taught by tutors who had attended professional development sessions with ALL staff. The paper briefly outlines the three different programs and presents the results of surveys of and interviews with students who participated in embedded writing programs of different class size, intensity and epistemological content. One of the key issues arising from students‟ responses relates to tutors‟ academic identity, in particular whether the disciplinary staff saw themselves as able and willing to deliver the program.
Hunter, KA & Tse, HP 2013, 'Does Socio-Economic Background Affect First Year Economics Performance? A Preliminary Study', Australasian Journal of Economics Education, vol. 10, no. 1, pp. 14-31.
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The paper examines the determination of academic performance in tertiary economics by adding a slightly broader range of factors that include socio-economic background to the main factors already identified in the literature.
Hurd, MD, Martorell, P, Delavande, A, Mullen, KJ & Langa, KM 2013, 'Monetary Costs of Dementia in the United States', New England Journal of Medicine, vol. 368, no. 14, pp. 1326-1334.
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Iajya, V, Lacetera, N, Macis, M & Slonim, R 2013, 'The effects of information, social and financial incentives on voluntary undirected blood donations: Evidence from a field experiment in Argentina', Social Science & Medicine, vol. 98, pp. 214-223.
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Imison, M & Schweinsberg, S 2013, 'Australian news media framing of medical tourism in low- and middle-income countries: a content review', BMC Public Health, vol. 13, no. 1, pp. 1-12.
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Background Medical tourism - travel across international borders for health care appears to be growing globally, with patients from high-income nations increasingly visiting low- and middle-income countries to access such services. This paper analyses Australian television and newspaper news and current affairs coverage to examine how medical tourism and these destinations for the practice are represented to media audiences. Methods Electronic copies of Australian television (n?=?66) and newspaper (n?=?65) items from 20052011 about medical care overseas were coded for patterns of reporting (year, format and type) and story characteristics (geographic and medical foci in the coverage, news actors featured and appeals, credibility and risks of the practice mentioned). Results Australian media coverage of medical tourism was largely focused on Asia, featuring cosmetic surgery procedures and therapies unavailable domestically. Experts were the most frequently-appearing news actors, followed by patients. Common among the types of appeals mentioned were access to services and low cost. Factors lending credibility included personal testimony, while uncertainty and ethical dilemmas featured strongly among potential risks mentioned from medical tourism.
Islam, MN, Paul, SK & Azeem, A 2013, 'Fuzzy optimisation of multi-objective job shop scheduling based on inventory information', International Journal of Services and Operations Management, vol. 15, no. 2, pp. 123-123.
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Job shop scheduling problems are one of the oldest combinatorial optimisation problems being studied. In this paper, fuzzy processing times of operations and fuzzy due dates of jobs are considered to incorporate fuzziness in the problem. Percentage of inventory consumption and profit earned form the orders are also considered in this fuzzy multi-objective job shop scheduling problem. Fuzzy inference system (FIS) is used to calculate the job weights based on the percentage of inventory consumption for a particular job and profit can be earned from the jobs. Average weighted tardiness, number of tardy jobs, total flow time and idle times of machines are considered as objectives which should be minimised. In this paper, genetic algorithm (GA) is used as a heuristic technique with specially encoded chromosomes that denotes the complete schedule of the jobs. A local search technique, simulated annealing (SA) is also used to compare the results obtained in two different methods. Different problem sizes has been tested and the fitness function values and computation times of the problems for each method is compared. © 2013 Inderscience Enterprises Ltd.
Jarzabkowski, P, Lê, JK & Van de Ven, AH 2013, 'Responding to competing strategic demands: How organizing, belonging, and performing paradoxes coevolve', Strategic Organization, vol. 11, no. 3, pp. 245-280.
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This article develops an empirically grounded process model of how managers in organizations respond to coexisting paradoxical tensions. With a longitudinal real-time study, we examine how a telecommunications firm copes with an organizing paradox between market and regulatory demands and how this paradox influences belonging and performing paradoxes for managers. These paradoxes coevolve over time as managers shift from defensive responses that attempt to circumvent paradox to active responses that accept and work within paradox. Our process model clarifies the recursive relationship between different kinds of paradox, the cumulative impact of responses to paradox over time, and the way that responses to paradox become embedded in organizational structures.
Jiang, LA, Waller, DS & Cai, S 2013, 'Does ownership type matter for innovation? Evidence from China', JOURNAL OF BUSINESS RESEARCH, vol. 66, no. 12, pp. 2473-2478.
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According to the institution-based view, ownership type is a key variable affecting environment-strategy configurations. This study configures the mechanism in which ownership types (as an institutional factor) moderate the effect of innovation strategies on firms' innovation performance. An empirical analysis was conducted on Chinese hi-tech manufacturing firms, using information related to the innovation activities of 303 firms. The empirical results suggest that ownership type affects the positive relationship between three sources of innovation (internal R&D activities, partnering with alliance partners, and partnering with universities) and innovation performance, as well as the negative relationship between external contracting and innovation performance (product or process innovation). The results imply that organizations doing business in China must be aware of the business environment that they intend to enter, especially if the intention is to develop new products or innovate current business processes. © 2013 Elsevier Inc.
Johar, M & Savage, E 2013, 'Discovering unhealthiness: evidence from cluster analysis', ANNALS OF EPIDEMIOLOGY, vol. 23, no. 10, pp. 614-619.
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Purpose: This study examines information on an array of health limitations, chronic conditions, treatments, and drug consumptions to reveal the prevalence and severity of unhealthiness that are not directly observed. Methods: Cluster analysis is applied to 265,468 individuals who participated in the 45 and Up Study in Australia. Results: Among the study participants, 8% of those age 45-54 years, 10% of those age 55-64, 13% of those age 65-74, and 17% of those age 75 and older were classified as unhealthy. For the youngest individuals, unhealthiness is characterized by moderate-to-high mental distress, a poor physical health score equivalent to the score associated with having four major limitations in physical functioning, teeth health less than good, and having been diagnosed with at least two chronic conditions. The oldest individuals also suffer from these limitations, as well as dependence on at least three different drug groups and two medical treatments, but they are in better mental health state. Conclusions: Understanding unhealthiness across population groups will result in more effective allocation of health resources. Older populations require more resources to be devoted to the management of physical health and chronic illnesses. © 2013 Elsevier Inc.
Johar, M, Jones, G & Savage, E 2013, 'The effect of lifestyle choices on emergency department use in Australia', HEALTH POLICY, vol. 110, no. 2-3, pp. 280-290.
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Background: Much attention has been paid to patient access to emergency services, focusing on hospital reforms, yet very little is known about the characteristics of those presenting to emergency departments. Objectives: By exploiting linkage of emergency records and a representative survey of the 45 and older population in Australia, we provide unique insights into the role of lifestyle in predicting emergency presentations. Methods: A generalized linear regression model is used to estimate the impact of lifestyles on emergency presentations one year ahead. We control for extensive individual characteristics and area fixed-effects. Results: Not smoking, having healthy body weight, taking vitamins, and exercising vigorously and regularly can reduce emergency presentations and also prevent subsequent admissions from emergency. There is no evidence that heavy drinking leads to more frequent emergency visits, but we find a high tendency for heavy drinkers to smoke and be in poor health, which are both major predictors of emergency visits. Conclusions: Targeted public health interventions on smoking, body mass and exercise may reduce emergency visits. Effective public health interventions which target body mass, exercise, current smoking and smoking initiation, may have the effect of reducing ED usage and subsequent admission.Individual-level data linking a survey of the population 45 and older in Australia with their emergency department (ED) records is exploited to provide unique insights into the role of lifestyle in predicting emergency care. Controlling for demographic and socioeconomic characteristics, as well as chronic conditions, we find that being a non-smoker, having a healthy body weight, taking vitamins, and doing a vigorous exercise at least once a week can prevent ED presentations. Being a non-smoker, taking vitamins and exercising also prevent subsequent admissions from ED. We do not find a similar protective effect from complying with dieta...
Johar, M, Jones, G, Keane, MP, Savage, E & Stavrunova, O 2013, 'Discrimination in a universal health system: Explaining socioeconomic waiting time gaps', JOURNAL OF HEALTH ECONOMICS, vol. 32, no. 1, pp. 181-194.
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One of the core goals of a universal health care system is to eliminate discrimination on the basis of socioeconomic status. We test for discrimination using patient waiting times for non-emergency treatment in public hospitals. Waiting time should reflect patients' clinical need with priority given to more urgent cases. Using data from Australia, we find evidence of prioritisation of the most socioeconomically advantaged patients at all quantiles of the waiting time distribution. These patients also benefit from variation in supply endowments. These results challenge the universal health system's core principle of equitable treatment. © 2012 Elsevier B.V.
Johar, M, Jones, GS & Savage, E 2013, 'EMERGENCY ADMISSIONS AND ELECTIVE SURGERY WAITING TIMES', HEALTH ECONOMICS, vol. 22, no. 6, pp. 749-756.
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An average patient waits between 2 and 3 months for an elective procedure in Australian public hospitals. Approximately 60% of all admissions occur through an emergency department, and bed competition from emergency admission provides one path by which waiting times for elective procedures may be lengthened. In this article, we investigated the extent to which public hospital waiting times are affected by the volume of emergency admissions and whether there is a differential impact by elective patient payment status. The latter has equity implications if the potential health cost associated with delayed treatment falls on public patients with lower ability to pay. Using annual data from public hospitals in the state of New South Wales, we found that, for a given available bed capacity, a one standard deviation increase in a hospital's emergency admissions lengthens waiting times by 19 days on average. However, paying (private) patients experience no delay overall. In fact, for some procedures, higher levels of emergency admissions are associated with lower private patient waiting times. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Jonson, PT, Lynch, S & Adair, D 2013, 'The contractual and ethical duty for a professional athlete to be an exemplary role model: bringing the sport and sports person into unreasonable and unfair disrepute', Australian and New Zealand Sports Law Journal, vol. 8, no. 1, pp. 55-88.
Khushaba, RN, Wise, C, Kodagoda, S, Louviere, J, Kahn, BE & Townsend, C 2013, 'Consumer neuroscience: Assessing the brain response to marketing stimuli using electroencephalogram (EEG) and eye tracking', EXPERT SYSTEMS WITH APPLICATIONS, vol. 40, no. 9, pp. 3803-3812.
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Klettner, AL, Clarke, T & Boersma, M 2013, 'The impact of soft law on social change: Measurable objectives for achieving gender diversity on board of directors', Australian Journal of Corporate Law, vol. 28, pp. 148-176.
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In 2010 the Australian Securities Exchange's Principles of Corporate Governance were amended to include three new recommendations dealing with gender diversity in listed corporations. The recommendations suggest that companies implement a diversity policy, set measurable objectives for achieving gender diversity and measure the number of women at various levels of the organisation. This article examines companies early response to the amendments. It presents an empirical analysis of the disclosures made by ASX 200 companies in their 2011 annual reports. The article builds on and develops research carried out by the authors for the 2012 Australian Census of Women in Leadership which found that, although the number of women on corporate boards had increased since 2010, there was not a similar increase in women in senior executive teams. It presents evidence that there are positive changes being implemented in the majority of ASX 200 companies that should, over time, make a difference to the ability of women to reach positions of leadership. The Australian approach of encouraging change through organisation-wide policy improvements and targets will hopefully improve female representation along the length of the pipeline to leadership and not only at the top. The ASX policy was formulated in the context of an international debate regarding the relative benefits of quotas and targets in achieving gender diversity on boards. In major European countries mandatory quotas were adopted, while in Australia and other countries voluntary targets set. Quotas secure substantial change through compliance, while targets may encourage change through strategic initiatives. This research examines early evidence of the impact of both hard and soft law on social change
Lacetera, N, Macis, M & Slonim, R 2013, 'Economic Rewards to Motivate Blood Donations', Science, vol. 340, no. 6135, pp. 927-928.
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Field-based evidence suggests that guidelines against economic rewards to motivate blood donors should be reconsidered.
Lacetera, N, Macis, M & Slonim, R 2013, 'In Defense of WHO's Blood Donation Policy—Response', Science, vol. 342, no. 6159, pp. 692-692.
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Lacetera, N, Macis, M & Slonim, R 2013, 'The value of incentives in blood donation--response.', Science, vol. 341, no. 6142, p. 129.
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Lai, CY, Li, Y, Shan, Y & Taylor, SL 2013, 'Costs of Mandatory International Financial Reporting Standards: Evidence of Reduced Accrual Reliability', Australian Journal of Management, vol. 38, no. 3, pp. 491-521.
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This study investigates the impact of mandatory adoption of international financial reporting standards on accrual reliability. Using a large sample of Australian firm-years drawn from before and after the mandatory adoption of international financial reporting standards, we find that accrual reliability declined significantly after mandatory international financial reporting standards implementation. Working capital, non-current operating, and financing accruals all contribute to this decline. We also find that brand name audit firms (i.e. the Big four) are able to significantly attenuate any decrease in accrual reliability during the post international financial reporting standards period. Our results contrast with evidence identifying benefits of mandatory international financial reporting standards, such as increased value relevance, but are consistent with at least some degree of trade-off between relevance and reliability. Such trade-offs seem to have been largely ignored in prior examinations of the impact of mandatory international financial reporting standards.
Lai, CY, Lu, M & Shan, Y 2013, 'Has Australian Financial Reporting Become More Conservative Over Time?', Accounting & Finance, vol. 53, no. 3, pp. 731-761.
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This study examines whether Australian financial reporting became more conservative over the period of 19932009. Unlike the United States and European evidence in Givoly and Hayn (2000) and Grambovas et al. (2006), the Australian evidence is not consistent with the notion that conservatism has increased over time. The degree of conservatism fluctuates without any obvious trend over the 17-year period, especially for the constant sample of firms appearing throughout the period. We also examine the impact of mandatory International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) adoption on accounting conservatism in Australia. Our evidence suggests the adoption of IFRS has led to a decrease in conditional conservatism (i.e. asymmetric timeliness).
Lancione, M & Clegg, S 2013, 'The Chronotopes of Change: Actor-Networks in a Changing Business School', Journal of Change Management, vol. 13, no. 2, pp. 117-142.
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This article investigates how a leading business school is reshaping its identity through a process that includes, but is not limited to, the building of a new facility designed by the Canadian architect Frank Gehry, as well as a major revision of the teaching programmes, ethos and branding. By investigating this process in an actor-network theory fashion, and introducing the notion of chronotope, the article answers three central questions related to the notion of change: How does organizational change happen in the daily life of a project? What gives unity to a chain of small relational changes? How can processual change possibly be managed? Theoretically, the article argues that change emerges in the micro-dynamics of organizing, fragments that are stitched together by macro-dominant narratives, in a constant process of translations that occur between human and non-human actants. The management of change is pursued through a constant micro-politics of network maintenance and enactment.
Lanis, R & Richardson, G 2013, 'Corporate social responsibility and tax aggressiveness: a test of legitimacy theory', ACCOUNTING AUDITING & ACCOUNTABILITY JOURNAL, vol. 26, no. 1, pp. 75-100.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to empirically test legitimacy theory by comparing the corporate social responsibility (CSR) disclosures of tax aggressive corporations with those of non-tax aggressive corporations in Australia. Design/methodology/approach A unique sample of 20 Australian corporations accused by the Australian Taxation Office of engaging in tax aggressive activities during the 2001-2006 period was hand-collected. These 20 tax aggressive corporations were then matched with 20 non-tax aggressive corporations (based on industry classification, corporation size and time period). This process generated a choice-based sample of 40 corporations for empirical analysis. Using content analysis techniques, financial accounting data were gathered from the Aspect-Huntley database and CSR disclosures were individually measured for each corporation in the sample. Various statistical techniques were then used (e.g. paired sample statistics, Pearson correlation analysis and ordinary least squares regression analysis) to test legitimacy theory. Findings Overall, the empirical results consistently show a positive and statistically significant association between corporate tax aggressiveness and CSR disclosure, thereby confirming legitimacy theory in the context of corporate tax aggressiveness.
Leung, L 2013, 'INTRODUCTION', REFUGE, vol. 29, no. 1, pp. 5-7.
Linnenluecke, M 2013, 'Debate: Can local government drive adaptation to climate change?', Public Money & Management, vol. 33, no. 5, pp. 349-351.
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Linnenluecke, MK 2013, 'The Concept of Organizational Resilience: Towards a Research Agenda', Academy of Management Proceedings, vol. 2013, no. 1, pp. 15010-15010.
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Linnenluecke, MK & Griffiths, A 2013, 'Firms and sustainability: Mapping the intellectual origins and structure of the corporate sustainability field', Global Environmental Change, vol. 23, no. 1, pp. 382-391.
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Linnenluecke, MK & Griffiths, A 2013, 'The 2009 Victorian Bushfires', Organization & Environment, vol. 26, no. 4, pp. 386-411.
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One of the expected consequences of climate change is an increase in the frequency and intensity of weather extremes such as heat waves, droughts, and large-scale bushfires. The possible escalation in the frequency and magnitude of resulting impacts has led to arguments that future strategies for emergency management should be based on achieving organizational and community resilience. However, relatively little is known about the limits to conventional emergency management approaches and factors leading to resilience. Drawing on the 2009 Victorian Bushfires as an analogue for a “more-severe-than-expected” event likely under a future, changed climate, this article analyzes the limits to emergency management approaches under unfamiliar conditions. Our assessment focuses on three organizations involved in the Victorian Bushfires emergency response. Results show how events that occur with unprecedented severity are well beyond the routine emergency management capacities of emergency organizations. We discuss how the long-term promotion of organizational and societal resilience could be achieved and outline implications for research and practice.
Linnenluecke, MK, Griffiths, A & Winn, MI 2013, 'Firm and industry adaptation to climate change: a review of climate adaptation studies in the business and management field', WIREs Climate Change, vol. 4, no. 5, pp. 397-416.
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AbstractFirms and industries will have a central role in supporting societal adaptation to the physical impacts of climate change, especially in more directly affected sectors such as agriculture, forestry, construction, or transportation. However, the business and management field has repeatedly been criticized for its lack of engagement with climate change as a pressing issue, and adaptation to the physical impacts of climate change in particular. Our review of adaptation studies in the business and management field suggests that most firm and industry adaptation studies focus on how firms adjust to changing business conditions because of the emergence of new competitors, new products, and markets or because of changed political, economic, and legal conditions; they largely exclude firm adjustments to the changing dynamics of the natural environment. Studies on firm and industry adaptation to climate impacts specifically are beginning to emerge, but they are sparse. There is still little cross‐disciplinary work integrating findings from the natural sciences into business thinking. We also find few considerations of the implications and consequences of climate change for firms and industries to date. This article provides an overview over the existing literature on firm adaptation to climate change, outlines research gaps, and suggests pathways for future research.WIREs Clim Change2013, 4:397–416. doi: 10.1002/wcc.214This article is categorized under:Vulnerability and Adaptation to Climate Change > Institutions for Adaptation
Liu-Thompkins, Y & Tam, L 2013, 'Not All Repeat Customers Are the Same: Designing Effective Cross-Selling Promotion on the Basis of Attitudinal Loyalty and Habit', Journal of Marketing, vol. 77, no. 5, pp. 21-36.
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Not all repeat purchases are created equal. They can be driven by both positive reaction toward a brand (i.e., attitudinal loyalty) and automaticity triggered by non-brand-related contextual cues (i.e., habit). Combining the loyalty literature with recent habit research, the authors suggest ways to distinguish the two drivers of repeat purchase and examine how they affect consumer response to cross-selling promotions. In Study 1, the authors propose a method to derive individual-level habit strength from consumer transaction records and demonstrate the influence of both attitudinal loyalty and habit on repeat purchase. Studies 2a and 2b then show that attitudinal loyalty facilitates cross-selling, whereas habit has the opposite effect. Finally, in Study 3, the authors suggest a specific promotional design that works better for habitual consumers than for those with attitudinal loyalty and demonstrate that ignoring these two underlying drivers can lead to unintended negative consequences on consumer behavior. This research adds to a richer understanding of repatronage and yields important managerial insights into more effective cross-selling to repeat customers.
Loehr, S, Mursajew, O, Roesch, D & Scheule, H 2013, 'Dynamic Implied Correlation Modeling and Forecasting in Structured Finance', JOURNAL OF FUTURES MARKETS, vol. 33, no. 11, pp. 994-1023.
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Correlations are the main drivers for credit portfolio risk and constitute a major element in pricing credit derivatives such as synthetic single-tranche collateralized debt obligation swaps. This study suggests a dynamic panel regression approach to model and forecast implied correlations. Random effects are introduced to account for unobservable time-specific effects on implied tranche correlations. The implied-correlation forecasts of tranche spreads are compared to forecasts using historical correlations from asset returns. The empirical findings support our proposed dynamic mixed-effects regression correlation model. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Logue, D & Edwards, M 2013, 'Across the Digital Divide', Stanford Social Innovation Review, vol. Fall.
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Rangan Srikhanta was a 21-year-old student at the University of Technology Sydney (UTS), in Australia, when he first learned about the One Laptop per Child (OLPC) initiative. It was late 2005, and Nicholas Negroponte, then the director of the Media Lab at MIT, and U.N. Secretary General Kofi Annan had just announced the launch of the program. OLPC, as they described it, was a partnership among private companies, NGOs, and governments to produce the world’s least expensive laptop and to
Löhr, S, Claussen, A, Roesch, D & Scheule, HH 2013, 'Valuation of Systematic Risk in the Cross-Section of Credit Default Swap Spreads', Quarterly Review of Economics and Finance, vol. 64, pp. 183-195.
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© 2016 Board of Trustees of the University of Illinois We analyze the pricing of systematic risk factors in credit default swap (CDS) contracts in a two-stage empirical framework. Firstly we estimate contract-specific sensitivities (betas) to several systematic risk factors by time-series regressions using quoted CDS spreads of 339 U.S. entities from January 2004 to December 2010. Secondly, we show that these contract-specific sensitivities are cross-sectionally priced in CDS spreads after controlling for individual risk factors. We find that the credit market climate, the Cross-market Correlation, and the market volatility explain CDS spread changes and that their corresponding sensitivities (betas) are particularly priced in the cross-section. Our basic risk factors explain about 83% (90%) of the CDS spreads prior to (during) the crisis.
Lu, M, Saune, N & Shan, Y 2013, 'The Choice of Fiscal Year-End in Australia', Australian Accounting Review, vol. 23, no. 3, pp. 244-251.
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This study examines the heterogeneity of fiscal year-end choice in Australia. It documents substantial differences in the `popularity of balance sheet dates during 19892010, and an increasing preference of June year-ends in recent years. Eighty-one percent of Australian firms choose June to align with the mandatory tax period, followed by 13% for December and 6% for other months. The paper finds that industry membership plays an important role in the choice of fiscal year-ends, evidenced by a strong non-June effect for manufacturing, retail and financial service companies. Finally, it summarises four popular reasons for Australian firms changing fiscal year-ends, and finds that 26% of those firms did not disclose the change via a separate announcement on the Australian Securities Exchange in a timely manner.
Luetzenkirchen, K, Roesch, D & Scheule, H 2013, 'Ratings based capital adequacy for securitizations', JOURNAL OF BANKING & FINANCE, vol. 37, no. 12, pp. 5236-5247.
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This paper develops a framework to measure the exposure to systematic risk for pools of asset securitizations and measures empirically whether current ratings-based rules for regulatory capital of securitizations under Basel II and Basel III reflect this exposure. The analysis is based on a comprehensive US dataset on asset securitizations for the time period between 2000 and 2008. We find that the shortfall of regulatory capital during the Global Financial Crisis is strongly related to ratings. In particular, we empirically show that insufficient capital is allocated to tranches with the highest rating. These tranches account for the greatest part of the total issuance volumes. Furthermore, this paper is the first to calibrate risk weights which account for systematic risk and provide sufficient capital buffers to cover the exposure during similar economic downturns. These policy-relevant findings suggest a re-calibration of RBA risk weights and may contribute to the current efforts by the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision and others to re-establish sustainable securitization markets and to improve the stability of the financial system.
Mahbub, N, Paul, SK & Azeem, A 2013, 'A neural approach to product demand forecasting', International Journal of Industrial and Systems Engineering, vol. 15, no. 1, pp. 1-1.
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This paper develops an artificial neural network (ANN) model to forecast the optimum demand as a function of time of the year, festival period, promotional programmes, holidays, number of advertisements, cost of advertisements, number of workers and availability. The model selects a feed-forward back-propagation ANN with 13 hidden neurons in one hidden layer as the optimum network. The model is validated with a furniture product data of a renowned furniture company. The model has also been compared with a statistical linear model named Brown's double smoothing model which is normally used by furniture companies. It is observed that ANN model performs much better than the linear model. Overall, the proposed model can be applied for forecasting optimum demand level of furniture products in any furniture company within a competitive business environment. Copyright © 2013 Inderscience Enterprises Ltd.
Martin, AJ, Wilson, R, Liem, GAD & Ginns, P 2013, 'Academic Momentum at University/College: Exploring the Roles of Prior Learning, Life Experience, and Ongoing Performance in Academic Achievement Across Time', The Journal of Higher Education, vol. 84, no. 5, pp. 640-674.
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Martin, AJ, Wilson, R, Liem, GAD & Ginns, P 2013, 'Academic Momentum at University/College: Exploring the Roles of Prior Learning, Life Experience, and Ongoing Performance in Academic Achievement across Time', The Journal of Higher Education, vol. 84, no. 5, pp. 640-674.
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Mathies, C, Gudergan, SP & Wang, PZ 2013, 'The Effects of Customer-Centric Marketing and Revenue Management on Travelers' Choices', JOURNAL OF TRAVEL RESEARCH, vol. 52, no. 4, pp. 479-493.
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This article examines how the simultaneous use of customer-centric marketing (CCM) and revenue management (RM) affects travelers perceptions of fairness and ultimately their purchasing choices. To address this issue, we propose and empirically test a choice model that incorporates reference-dependent fairness adjustments for both price and nonprice attributes within a random utility framework. The findings from two empirical studies using stated-preference choice experiments show that travelers engage in fairness-related reference point comparisons for price and other product attributes induced by RM and CCM. They offer additional evidence concerning the need to account comprehensively for attributes associated with both RM and CCM when predicting customer demand in travel and tourism firms. Accordingly, firms need to account not only for the effects of RM and CCM attributes but also for the corresponding reference-dependent fairness adjustments relating to those attributes.
Maxwell, H, Foley, C, Taylor, T & Burton, C 2013, 'Social Inclusion in Community Sport: A Case Study of Muslim Women in Australia', JOURNAL OF SPORT MANAGEMENT, vol. 27, no. 6, pp. 467-481.
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This paper considers how organizational practices facilitate and inhibit the social inclusion of Muslim women in a community sport setting. A case study of social inclusion practices in an Australian community sport organization (CSO) was built through interviews, focus groups, secondary data, and documentary evidence. Drawing on the work of Bailey (2005, 2008) the analysis employed a social inclusion framework comprised of spatial, functional, relational, and power dimensions. Findings indicated that there are a range of practices which facilitate social inclusion. Paradoxically, some of the practices that contributed to social inclusion at the club for Muslim women resulted in social exclusion for non-Muslim women. Examining each practice from multiple perspectives provided by the social inclusion framework allowed a thorough analysis to be made of the significance of each practice to the social inclusion of Muslim women at the club. Implications for social inclusion research and sport management practice are discussed. © 2013 Human Kinetics, Inc.
McDonald, M & Wearing, S 2013, 'A Reconceptualisation of the Self in Humanistic Psychology: Heidegger, Foucault and the Sociocultural Turn', Journal of Phenomenological Psychology, vol. 44, no. 1, pp. 37-59.
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AbstractSince the early 1970s humanistic psychology has struggled to remain a relevant force in the social and psychological sciences, we attribute this in part to a conceptualisation of the self rooted in theoretically outmoded thinking. In response to the issue of relevancy a sociocultural turn has been called for within humanistic psychology, which draws directly and indirectly on the conceptual insights of Michel Foucault. However, this growing body of research lacks a unifying conceptual base that is able to encompass its new perspectives (its call for a sociocultural turn) and the movement’s theoretical antecedents (the actualising tendency). This analysis suggests a way forward by offering a potential reconceptualisation of the self in humanistic psychology through the existential-phenomenology of Martin Heidegger. We argue that Heidegger’s conception of the self takes account of subjectivities produced in discourse and institutional practice, while acknowledging the human capacity for actualisation in his concept of the authentic-self.
McEwen, C, De Four-Babb, J & Agosto, V 2013, 'Book Reviews: The Assault on Universities: A Manifesto for Resistance, The Evolving Significance of Race: Living, Learning, and Teaching, Curriculum, Community, and Urban School Reform', Power and Education, vol. 5, no. 1, pp. 87-92.
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Meath, C, Linnenluecke, MK & Griffiths, A 2013, 'Barriers and Motivators to the Adoption of Energy Savings Measures for SMEs', Academy of Management Proceedings, vol. 2013, no. 1, pp. 14448-14448.
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Mintz, O & Currim, IS 2013, 'What Drives Managerial Use of Marketing and Financial Metrics and Does Metric Use Affect Performance of Marketing-Mix Activities?', Journal of Marketing, vol. 77, no. 2, pp. 17-40.
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To increase marketing's accountability, Journal of Marketing, Marketing Science Institute, and the Institute for the Study of Business Markets have advocated development of marketing metrics and linking marketing-mix activities with financial metrics. Although the marketing field has made progress, researchers have paid less attention to what drives managerial use of marketing and financial metrics and whether metric use is associated with marketing-mix performance. The authors propose a conceptual model that links firm strategy, metric orientation, type of marketing-mix activity, and managerial, firm, and environmental characteristics to marketing and financial metric use, which in turn are linked to performance of marketing-mix activities. An analysis of 1287 marketing-mix activities reported by 439 U.S. managers reveals that firm strategy, metric orientation, type of marketing-mix activity, and firm and environmental characteristics are more useful than managerial characteristics in explaining use of marketing and financial metrics and that use of metrics is positively associated with marketing-mix performance. The results help identify conditions under which managers use fewer metrics and how metric use can be increased to improve marketing-mix performance.
Mintz, O, Currim, IS & Jeliazkov, I 2013, 'Information Processing Pattern and Propensity to Buy: An Investigation of Online Point-of-Purchase Behavior', Marketing Science, vol. 32, no. 5, pp. 716-732.
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The information processing literature provides a wealth of laboratory evidence on the effects that the choice task and individual characteristics have on the extent to which consumers engage in alternative-based versus attribute-based information processing. Less attention has been paid to studying how the processing pattern at the point of purchase is associated with a consumer's propensity to buy in shopping settings. To understand this relationship, we formulate a discrete choice model and perform formal model comparisons to distinguish among several possible dependence structures. We consider models involving an existing measure of information processing, PATTERN; a latent variable version of this measure; and several new refinements and generalizations. Analysis of a unique data set of 895 shoppers on a popular electronics website supports the latent variable specification and provides validation for several hypotheses and modeling components. We find a positive relationship between alternative-based processing and purchase, as well as a tendency of shoppers in the lower price category to engage in alternative-based processing. The results also support the case for joint modeling and estimation. These findings can be useful for future work in information processing and suggest that likely buyers can be identified while engaged in information processing prior to purchase commitment, an important first step in targeting decisions.
Misener, L, Darcy, S, Legg, D & Gilbert, K 2013, 'Beyond Olympic Legacy: Understanding Paralympic Legacy Through a Thematic Analysis', Journal of Sport Management, vol. 27, no. 4, pp. 329-341.
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Over the last decade a great deal of work has examined major sport event legacies and event leverage. Much of this work has involved Olympic studies and this paper seeks to add to the body of knowledge surrounding major sport event legacies by examining the largely overlooked area of the Paralympic Games. The Paralympic Games are the second largest multisport event after the Olympic Games depending upon which parameters are used and since Sydney 2000 there has been an ‘operational partnership’ where bid cities are required to host both Games. Yet, few studies have evaluated the comparative outcomes, legacies and event leverage that Paralympic games have generated. This paper addresses this absence by conducting a thematic analysis of Paralympic legacy research. The thematic analysis used a combination of keywords involving event legacy across 13 major academic databases. Of the 43 articles identified as having Paralympic legacy related content only 13 articles empirically investigated Paralympic legacy. In reviewing the research, it is noted that the bulk of the research has focused on Summer Paralympic Games with little interest in the Winter Paralympic Games. The major findings for legacy-based research include: infrastructure; sport; information education, and awareness; human capital; and managerial changes. However, while these findings may seem congruent with major event legacies frameworks conceptually, an examination of the detailed findings shows that Paralympic legacy research is isomorphic and adds a new component to existing legacy dimensions.
Moore, SM, Thomas, AC, Kale, S, Spence, M, Zlatevska, N, Staiger, PK, Graffam, J & Kyrios, M 2013, 'Problem Gambling Among International and Domestic University Students in Australia: Who is at Risk?', JOURNAL OF GAMBLING STUDIES, vol. 29, no. 2, pp. 217-230.
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Young people are a high risk group for gambling problems and university (college) students fall into that category. Given the high accessibility of gambling in Australia and its association with entertainment, students from overseas countries, particularly those where gambling is restricted or illegal, may be particularly vulnerable. This study examines problem gambling and its correlates among international and domestic university students using a sample of 836 domestic students (286 males; 546 females); and 764 international students (369 males; 396 females) at three Australian universities. Our findings indicate that although most students gamble infrequently, around 5 % of students are problem gamblers, a proportion higher than that in the general adult population. Popular gambling choices include games known to be associated with risk (cards, horse races, sports betting, casino games, and gaming machines) as well as lotto/scratch tickets. Males are more likely to be problem gamblers than females, and almost 10 % of male international students could be classified as problem gamblers. Hierarchical regression analysis showed that male gender, international student status, financial stress, negative affect and frequency of gambling on sports, horses/dogs, table games, casino gaming machines, internet casino games and bingo all significantly predicted problem gambling. Results from this study could inform gambling-education programs in universities as they indicate which groups are more vulnerable and specify which games pose more risk of problem gambling. © 2012 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC.
Nguyen, P, Rahman, N & Zhao, L 2013, 'Ownership Structure and Divestiture Decisions: Evidence from Australian Firms', International Review of Financial Analysis, vol. 30, pp. 170-181.
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Divestitures create shareholder value by helping firms to optimize their portfolio of assets. However, firms may forego value enhancing divestitures because of agency problems. More specifically, large controlling shareholders may prefer to retain the assets in order to extract private benefits of control at the expense of minority shareholders. In this paper, we explore the role that other blockholders play in constraining the largest shareholder's influence. The results indicate that divestiture activity decreases with the ownership of the largest shareholder. The presence of another significant blockholder appears to curb this negative bias towards divestitures. Our findings provide an economic rationale for the higher performance of firms characterized by more balanced ownership structures. Involvement of family owners also appears to provide similar benefits. © 2013 Elsevier Inc.
Nikolova, N, Clegg, S, Fox, S, Bjørkeng, K & Pitsis, T 2013, 'Uncertainty Reduction Through Everyday Performative Language Work', International Studies of Management & Organization, vol. 43, no. 3, pp. 74-89.
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In this study, we focus on coaching in the context of small and medium-size enterprises in the creative industries. We draw on data collected from five business-coaching organizations over numerous coaching encounters with their clients. Using detailed conversational data drawn from these coaching encounters we analyze the ways in which business coaches practice "active listening" and "reflective questioning" in order to reduce the uncertainties they and their clients face when working together. We show that they do so through the strategy of positioning "performance" as central to their practice. Successful performances depend on the ability to convince clients that one's performance is what it represents itself to be: a performance that is brought off by detailed everyday language work, mimicking the client's language back on to the client. In this way, coaches demonstrate themselves as skilled analysts of everyday life and masters of listening.
Orsato, RJ, Clegg, SR & Falcão, H 2013, 'The Political Ecology of Palm Oil Production', Journal of Change Management, vol. 13, no. 4, pp. 444-459.
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The paper analyses the social and environmental issues involved in disputes relating to the sustainability of the palm oil industry. These disputes have been aired in and around the Roundtable on Sustainable Palm Oil. We start by developing a review of types of voluntary environmental initiative or green clubs, as they have also been called, in this context. The study is based on extensive fieldwork in the setting of the disputes (the island of Borneo) and analysis of the different levels in the global value chain of the palm oil industry, including local organizations, the industry structure overall, as well as the local governments of Malaysia and Indonesia. The use of the political ecology framework for the analysis of the palm oil industry contributes not only to the development of a more institutional-power perspective, but also provides solid grounds for the understanding of green clubs - an increasingly important type of organization. © 2013 Taylor & Francis.
Paul, SK 2013, 'Sustainable sequencing of N jobs on one machine: a fuzzy approach', International Journal of Services and Operations Management, vol. 15, no. 1, pp. 44-44.
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Sequencing of jobs on one machine is a very common problem in scheduling. Several factors have to be taken into consideration to make the sequencing more realistic. In this paper, a fuzzy inference system is developed to tackle the uncertainty of variables in a sequencing problem. Arrival order, processing time, due date, slack time remaining, critical ratio, queue ratio and slack time remaining per operation, are considered as input variables and priority of jobs is considered as output variable. Multiple objectives are fulfilled as priority is obtained from the aggregated optimised result of individual rule developed in a rule editor. A job with higher priority is given more preferences in sequencing. MATLAB fuzzy logic toolbox is used to develop the model. A numerical example is presented to explain the approach. Copyright © 2013 Inderscience Enterprises Ltd.
Perrott, BE 2013, 'Including Customers in Health Service Design', Health Marketing Quarterly, vol. 30, no. 2, pp. 114-127.
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This article will explore the concept and meaning of codesign as it applies to the delivery of health services. The results of a pilot study in health codesign will be used as a research based case discussion, thus providing a platform to suggest future research that could lead to building more robust knowledge of how the consumers of health services may be more effectively involved in the process of developing and delivering the type of services that are in line with expectations of the various stakeholder groups.
Perrott, BE 2013, 'Knowledge Flows in Health Communities of Practice', Health Marketing Quarterly, vol. 30, no. 4, pp. 319-333.
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This article will examine a case study of an outpatient's clinic in an Australian public hospital with the objective of gaining a better understanding of the issues related to knowledge dynamics in communities of practice within a health care environment. This case study research approach was considered to provide a fine-grained approach recommended for improved understanding of nuances, detail, and the forces underlying the phenomena under observation. Focus on detail was an important attribute of this study notwithstanding possible shortcomings in not being able to externalize the research findings. Of the four modes of knowledge exchange observed to take place in this public hospital community of practice, Mode C (tacit to explicit) stands out as a key finding. Here, the release of each individual's tacit knowledge is forthcoming and free flowing given the established culture of trust in this clinic. The informal communication environment in the luminal space of their workplace corridor provided a conducive environment that enabled a free-flowing exchange of community knowledge. Health-care managers are increasingly required to guide the use and flow of knowledge within their organizations. The insights gained from this project will provide them with a better understanding of knowledge dynamics within a health-care community of practice, which is a microcosm of the larger organization
Pina e Cunha, M, Clegg, SR, Rego, A & Story, J 2013, 'From the Physics of Change to Realpolitik: Improvisational Relations of Power and Resistance', Journal of Change Management, vol. 13, no. 4, pp. 460-476.
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Plé, L & Clegg, S 2013, 'How does the customer fit in relational coordination? An empirical study in multichannel retail banking', M@n@gement, vol. 16, no. 1, pp. 1-1.
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Potter, B, Ravlic, T & Wright, S 2013, 'Developing Accounting Regulations that Reflect Public Viewpoints: The Australian Solution to Differential Reporting', Australian Accounting Review, vol. 23, no. 1, pp. 18-28.
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In this paper, we analyse the factors that have shaped the approach taken by the Australian Accounting Standards Board (AASB) in addressing the issue of differential reporting in Australia. In contrast to its early adoption of International Financial Reporting Standards in 2005, the AASB has signalled an independent approach to differential reporting. Still in progress at the time of writing, we show how the AASB's approach has been shaped by feedback from key stakeholder groups, as well as by influential individuals and key events. In the face of strongly held views on both sides of the debate, the Board has moved from reliance on discursive techniques to develop and justify proposed policies to embracing to a greater extent, the use of more objective research evidence to resolve the empirical questions presented in the public debate.
Pullen, A & Rhodes, C 2013, 'Parody, subversion and the politics of gender at work: the case of Futurama's 'Raging Bender'', ORGANIZATION, vol. 20, no. 4, pp. 512-533.
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This article extends our understanding of how media culture offers a critique of patriarchal gender relations in organizations. Our attention turns to comedies in media culture, arguing that parody harbours the potential to inform a politics of gender at work through the way that it denaturalizes culturally embedded gendered practices. Drawing on Judith Butler's discussions of gender performativity, subversive parody and gender undoing we illustrate the critical and transgressive potential of parody in media culture. We do so in relation to a reading of the American animated television programme Futurama (1999-2003) with specific focus on the episode 'Raging Bender' (2000)-an episode that explicitly engages in drag-based gender parody. We consider the political salience of this critique and how it relates to the politics of doing and undoing gender in organizations more generally. The article demonstrates how media culture can be a valuable avenue for undertaking politically motivated studies of gender and organizations, and how this politics can be supported by the paradoxical undoing of gender that parody makes possible. © The Author(s) 2012.
Putninš, TJ 2013, 'Exporting by Latvian companies: vitality, drivers of success, and challenges', Baltic Journal of Economics, vol. 13, no. 2, pp. 3-33.
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This paper sheds light on Latvian exporters – how active they are, what challenges they face, what makes them succeed or fail. Our study draws on a survey of 503 medium-sized Latvian companies. We find that most medium-sized Latvian companies are exporters (either directly or indirectly) and for a typical exporting company, export turnover constitutes more than half of its total turnover. Exporting companies tend to be larger, younger and faster growing than their non-exporting counterparts. They pay higher average wages, consistent with the notion that they have higher labour productivity or utilise more skilled labour on average. For a typical company, export activity has been stable over the past five years, with zero growth in export turnover and an average increase of one additional export destination; however, there is wide dispersion in export growth and success among exporting companies. Successful exporters tend to be larger, with higher productivity growth and greater innovativeness, proactiveness and risk taking, i.e., stronger entrepreneurial orientation. The main obstacle preventing non-exporters from commencing exporting is lack of international competitiveness. This is also the main reason why companies discontinue exporting, and should be the focus of policy aimed at promoting exporting.
Putniņš, TJ 2013, 'What Do Price Discovery Metrics Really Measure?', JOURNAL OF EMPIRICAL FINANCE, vol. 23, no. 1, pp. 68-83.
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A market is typically considered to dominate price discovery if it is the first to reflect new information about the fundamental value. Our simulations indicate that common price discovery metrics Hasbrouck information share and HarrisMcInishWood component share are only consistent with this view of price discovery if the price series have equal levels of noise, including microstructure frictions and liquidity. If the noise in the price series differs, the information and component shares measure a combination of leadership in impounding new information and relative avoidance of noise, to varying degrees. A third price discovery metric, the `information leadership share uses the information share and the component share together to identify the price series that is first to impound new information. This third metric is robust to differences in noise levels and therefore correctly attributes price discovery in a wider range of settings. Using four recent empirical studies of price discovery we show that the choice and interpretation of price discovery metrics can have a substantial impact on conclusions about price discovery
R. Massey, G, S. Waller, D, Z. Wang, P & V. Lanasier, E 2013, 'Marketing to different Asian communities', Asia Pacific Journal of Marketing and Logistics, vol. 25, no. 1, pp. 8-33.
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Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to show that culture has differential effects on purchase intent, using respondents from four very different cultural groups within Indonesia, and two different advertisements (one ethical, another unethical).Design/methodology/approach– The study uses survey methods and a highly structured questionnaire to collect data from respondents in four cultural groups. In total, 100 responses were received from each of these groups within Indonesia (Bali, Batak, Java, and Minang). Data were analyzed using partial least squares.Findings– The results suggest that when advertising to culturally conservative groups, caution is required. Such groups have lower purchase intent when they do not like the advertisement. Moreover, other variables such as attitude towards the advertiser may become salient drivers of purchase intent for such groups if the advertisement is perceived to be unethical. Importantly, neither of these factors are salient for more permissive cultures, regardless of whether the advertisement is perceived to be ethical or unethical. In addition the authors identify a set of “universal paths” by which advertisement-related factors, and company-related factors indirectly influence purchase intent for both permissive and conservative cultures, regardless of the perceived ethicality of the advertisement.Research limitations/implications– The research uses four samples, with 100 respondents per group. Future research could verify these results using larger samples. In addition, the study only uses low involvement consumer products, hence future research could test...
Raman, R, Chadee, D, Roxas, B & Michailova, S 2013, 'Effects of Partnership Quality, Talent Management, and Global Mindset on Performance of Offshore IT Service Providers in India', Journal of International Management, vol. 19, no. 4, pp. 333-346.
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Reggers, AL, Schweinsberg, SC & Wearing, SL 2013, 'Understanding Stakeholder Values in Co-Management Arrangements for Protected Area Establishment on the Kokoda Track, Papua New Guinea', Journal of Park and Recreation Administration, vol. 31, no. 3, pp. 45-60.
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Over recent years, a number of scholars have drawn attention to the importance of broad stakeholder participation in natural resource management. The general trend toward a more democratic attitude amongst many resource management practitioners has also amplified pressure for the development of processes whereby the full spectrum of stakeholders can engage in the development of sustainable natural resource management plans. Theories of co-management have formed an important part of research in this field for a number of years, and more recently there has been a concerted academic attempt to develop methodologies for operationalizing co-management. The aim of this paper is to present an operationalization of the action arena developed by Carlsson and Berkes (2005), which is a six-step methodological schema for enacting co-management arrangements in natural resource management. The action arena is essentially the community or resource system under investigation. Carlsson and Berkes (2005) note that first an understanding of the action arena is required prior to proceeding to the management tasks to be performed, and identifying the stakeholder linkages that must be analysed in order to determine opportunities for capacity building and strategies for conflict resolution.
Reid, C & Collins, J 2013, '‘No-one ever asked me': the invisible experiences and contribution of Australian emigrant teachers', Race Ethnicity and Education, vol. 16, no. 2, pp. 268-290.
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Teachers possess qualifications and experience that opens the door to professional migration. It is common when considering the diversity or otherwise of the teaching profession to treat the dominant group of teachers in terms of ethnicity as the other side of a simplistic binary. That is, the immigrant or minority background teacher versus the culturally homogenous mainstream teacher. There is little research that examines the experiences and contributions of teachers from the dominant group who have themselves been emigrant teachers. In this article the results of a nationally funded research partnership across three states in Australia examines issues that face many globally mobile teachers. These include negotiating the qualification process and the acquiring of appropriate immigration permits, their experience in classrooms, the reasons that they wanted to teach overseas and their overall evaluation of the experience. The article first looks at the methodology and characteristics of the sample before exploring the emigrant teachers experience from leaving Australia to getting to teach in classrooms abroad, and, in most cases, finally returning to Australia. These experiences are then analysed using Bourdieu's (1984) theory of reconversion to reflect on the comparative similarities and differences between minority and/or immigrant and emigrant teachers in Australia. © 2013 Copyright Taylor and Francis Group, LLC.
Rhodes, C & Wray-Bliss, E 2013, 'The ethical difference of Organization', ORGANIZATION, vol. 20, no. 1, pp. 39-50.
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Noting that from its very inception Organization laid claim to having a central interest in the ethics and politics of organization, in this article we review contributions to the Journal over the past 20 years in order to consider the ethical thinking that has developed. We suggest that there is a common thread of ethical interest that characterizes much of this work-one that clearly differentiates it from more conventional approaches to business ethics. While business ethics has as its locus of interest the ethicality of organizations themselves, central issues that have emerged in Organization concern how individuals might (or might not) maintain a valued experience of themselves as ethical subjects despite the behaviour of organizations, and how organizational arrangements might be politically contested in the name of ethics. We explore this in relation to a question that unites much of the study of ethics in Organization: how do we live (and work) together in a world beset by difference? We consider this question in terms of the issue of ethical subjectivity and the relation between an ethics of consensus and an ethics of difference. The article concludes much as the Journal started-with the proposal that ethics remains a pressing challenge for critical scholarship and practice. © The Author(s) 2012.
Richards, J, Kaufman, Z, Schulenkorf, N, Wolff, E, Gannett, K, Siefken, K & Rodriguez, G 2013, 'Advancing the Evidence Base of Sport for Development: A New Open-Access, Peer-Reviewed Journal', Journal of sport for development, vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 1-3.
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We are pleased to release the first edition of the Journal of Sport for Development (JSFD) and we would like to take this opportunity to briefly describe its origins and objectives. In doing so, we endeavour to clarify for researchers, implementers, funders and policy-makers how we believe JSFD fits into the expanding sport for development (SFD) landscape.It is widely accepted that the United Nations International Year of Sport and Physical Education (IYSPE) in 2005 was an advocacy success and sparked a mass expansion in the SFD sector.1This built on several previous international resolutions that recognised recreational play as a human right and emphasised the social potential of sport.2-9 Over the last decade, SFD has enjoyed widespread and international growth, in terms of resources, constituents, and public awareness.10 During this period several entities have attempted to define and demarcate the SFD sector. We believe that establishing a common definition is a critical step towards unifying a diverse range of stakeholders, many of which separately articulate the role of sport for social change and peace. However, we prefer to view these areas as integral parts of the sector and have adapted a previously described broad and inclusive definition for SFD:
Richardson, G, Taylor, G & Lanis, R 2013, 'Determinants of transfer pricing aggressiveness: Empirical evidence from Australian firms', Journal of Contemporary Accounting and Economics, vol. 9, no. 2, pp. 136-150.
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This study examines the major determinants of transfer pricing aggressiveness. Based on a hand-collected sample of 183 publicly-listed Australian firms for the 2009 year, our regression results show that firm size, profitability, leverage, intangible assets, and multinationality are significantly positively associated with transfer pricing aggressiveness after controlling for industry-sector effects. Our additional regression results also indicate that firms augment their transfer pricing aggressiveness through the joint effects of intangible assets and multinationality.
Richardson, G, Taylor, G & Lanis, R 2013, 'The impact of board of director oversight characteristics on corporate tax aggressiveness: An empirical analysis', JOURNAL OF ACCOUNTING AND PUBLIC POLICY, vol. 32, no. 3, pp. 68-88.
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This paper examines the impact of board of director oversight characteristics on corporate tax aggressiveness. Based on a 812 firm-year dataset of 203 publicly-listed Australian firms over the 2006-2009 period, our regression results show that if a firm has established an effective risk management system and internal controls, engages a big-4 auditor, its external auditor's services involve proportionally fewer non-audit services than audit services and the more independent is its internal audit committee, it is less likely to be tax aggressive. Our additional regression results also indicate that the interaction effect between board of director composition (i.e., a higher ratio of independent directors on the board) and the establishment of an effective risk management system and internal controls jointly reduce tax aggressiveness. © 2013 Elsevier Inc.
Roxas, B & Chadee, D 2013, 'Effects of formal institutions on the performance of the tourism sector in the Philippines: The mediating role of entrepreneurial orientation', Tourism Management, vol. 37, pp. 1-12.
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Roxas, B, Chadee, D & Pacoy, E 2013, 'Effects of Formal Institutions on Business Performance in the Philippines', South East Asia Research, vol. 21, no. 1, pp. 27-40.
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Sarina, T 2013, 'The Challenges of a Representation Gap: Australian Experiments in Promoting Industrial Citizenship', Industrial Relations: A Journal of Economy and Society, vol. 52, no. s1, pp. 397-418.
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This paper examines the concept of industrial citizenship and explores how collective bargaining laws have been used in Australia in an attempt to enhance worker participation. Utilizing negotiation theory, this paper argues that there is a high level of convergence between a mutual gains approach to negotiation and legislated codes of collective bargaining based on principles of good faith. In conclusion this paper suggests that establishing a legal framework of collective bargaining that incorporates a mutual gains approach to negotiating remains an important foundation for shaping the way institutional actors interact with each other.
Sarina, T & Lansbury, RD 2013, 'Flying high and low? Strategic choice and employment relations in Qantas and Jetstar', Asia Pacific Journal of Human Resources, pp. n/a-n/a.
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Schulenkorf, N & Adair, D 2013, 'Temporality, transience and regularity in sport-for-development: synchronizing programs with events', Journal of Policy Research in Tourism, Leisure and Events, vol. 5, no. 1, pp. 99-104.
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Definitions on sport-for-development remain silent on guidelines for the longevity and regularity of projects. In other words, initiatives ranging from one-day sport events to decade-long sport programs are all combined - simplistically so - under the S4D definitional banner. We argue that this vagueness provides significant challenges for academics and practitioners trying to evaluate, compare and learn from different projects. A focus on temporality, transience and regularity (TTR) within the S4D paradigm may open up the prospect of analyzing the duration and cycle of different types of S4D activities, i.e. transitory one-off activities, occasional interventions and ongoing day-to-day programs, and trying to pinpoint the efficacy of these approaches in relation to the aspirations of S4D project organizers, the needs of local populations and the impacts on host communities. With this background and research problem in mind, this paper will investigate the inter-related themes of TTR in S4D. We also pursue an associated proposition by theorizing the potential significance of synchronizing special events with regular sport programs.
Schweinsberg, S, Wearing, SL & McManus, P 2013, 'Exploring sustainable tourism education in business schools: The honours program', Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Management, vol. 20, no. 1, pp. 53-60.
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This paper examines the future of sustainability education in tourism honours programs in Australian tertiary institutions, an issue of international relevance as many tourism programs are located in mainstream business schools. Its suggests that while industry relevant skills acquisition is an important characteristic of undergraduate tourism education; the tourism honours year requires the opportunity for students to incorporate critical reflection into their study of tourism and in recent times particularly those issues related to sustainability. Sustainability embraces the critical and has sought to straddle neo-liberal and socialist positions through its incorporation of various strands of intellectual thought including equity, limits to growth, nature, poverty and development. In order to improve the quality of sustainability education in tourism honours programs the authors have looked for lessons that can be taken from geography. Within Australian tertiary institutions tourism programs are increasingly being incorporated into mainstream business faculties. Tourism offers an applied lens through which business students can be exposed to the various themes of business practice including: sustainability, ethics, marketing, economics and statistics. This paper does not argue against business focused tourism teaching but instead looks at ways in which renewed engagement with tourisms various disciplinary bases can equip Honours students with the visioning and critical thinking skills that are necessary for a rounded sustainability education
Shan, Y, Taylor, S & Walter, T 2013, 'Fundamentals or Managerial Discretion? The Relationship between Accrual Variability and Future Stock Return Volatility', ABACUS-A JOURNAL OF ACCOUNTING FINANCE AND BUSINESS STUDIES, vol. 49, no. 4, pp. 441-475.
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This paper extends the theoretical framework of Callen and Segal (2004) and Vuolteenaho (2002) to investigate the association between accrual variability and firm-specific risk. The empirical evidence supports our prediction that increased uncertainty in accounting accruals is associated with significantly higher volatility of future stock returns, and the results are valid for measures of both systematic and idiosyncratic volatility. However, when accrual variability is decomposed into fundamental and discretionary portions, we find that the positive relationship between accrual variability and future stock return volatility is dominated by the fundamental component of accrual variability. Our findings therefore support the conclusion that the market places little weight on information conveyed by that component of accounting accruals that is most likely to reflect accounting choices, implementation decisions and managerial opportunism.
Shan, Y, Taylor, SL & Walter, TS 2013, 'Earnings Management or Measurement Error? The Effect of External Financing on Unexpected Accruals'.
Shan, Y, Taylor, SL & Walter, TS 2013, 'The Role of 'Other Information' in Analysts’ Forecasts in Understanding Stock Return Volatility'.
Shan, Y, Taylor, SL & Walter, TS 2013, 'The Role of 'Other Information' in Analysts’ Forecasts in Understanding Stock Return Volatility', Review of Accounting Studies, vol. 19, no. 4, pp. 1346-1392.
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This study identifies "other information" in analysts' forecasts as a legitimate proxy for future cash flows and examines its incremental role in explaining stock return volatility. We suggest that "other information" contains information about fundamentals beyond that reflected in current financial statements and reflects firms' fundamentals on a more timely basis than dividends or earnings. Using standardized regressions, we find volatility increases when current "other information" is more uncertain and increases more in response to unfavorable news compared to favorable news. Variance decomposition analysis shows that the variance contribution of "other information" dominates that of expected-return news. The incremental role of "other information" is at least half of the effect of earnings in explaining future volatility. The results are more pronounced for firms with poor information environments. Overall, our results highlight the importance of including "other information" as an additional cash-flow proxy in future studies of stock prices and volatility. © 2014 Springer Science+Business Media New York.
Sharma, MD, Stewart, C, Wilson, R & Gökalp, MS 2013, 'Can a Syllabus Change Impact onStudents’ Perceptions of Science?Fragmented and CohesiveConceptions of Physics', EURASIA Journal of Mathematics, Science and Technology Education, vol. 9, no. 1.
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Sharma, MD, Stewart, C, Wilson, R & Gökalp, MS 2013, 'Student Approaches to Learning in Physics – Validity and Exploration Using Adapted SPQ', International Journal of Environmental and Science Education, vol. 8, no. 2, pp. 241-253.
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Sheremeta, R & Zhang, J 2013, 'Three-Player Trust Game with Insider Communication', Economic Inquiry, vol. 52, no. 2, pp. 576-591.
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We examine behavior in a three-player trust game in which the first player may invest in the second and the second may invest in the third. Any amount sent from one player to the next is tripled. The third player decides the final allocation among three players. The baseline treatment with no communication shows that the first and second players send significant amounts and the third player reciprocates. Allowing insider communication between the second and the third players increases cooperation between these two. Interestingly, there is an external effect of insider communication: the first player who is outside communication sends 54% more and receives 289% more than in the baseline treatment. As a result, insider communication increases efficiency from 44% to 68%.
Siminski, P 2013, 'Employment Effects of Army Service and Veterans' Compensation: Evidence from the Australian Vietnam-Era Conscription Lotteries', Review of Economics and Statistics, vol. 95, no. 1, pp. 87-97.
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Exploiting Australia's National Service lotteries of 1965 to 1972, I estimate the effect of army service on employment outcomes. Population data from military personnel records, tax returns, veterans' compensation records, and the Census facilitate a rich and precise analysis, identified by 53,000 complying conscripts. The estimated employment effect is −12 percentage points (95% CI: −13, −11) overall, −37 for those who served in Vietnam and 0 for those who served only in Australia. It emerged in the 1990s, mirrored by veterans' disability pension effects. These results contrast with those for the United States, possibly reflecting employment disincentives associated with Australia's veterans' compensation system. © 2013 The President and Fellows of Harvard College and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.
Siminski, P, Ville, S & Paull, A 2013, 'Does the Military Train Men to be Violent Criminals? New Evidence from Australia’s Conscription Lotteries', Journal of Population Economics, vol. 29, no. 1, pp. 197-218.
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Combat is the most intense form of military service, but several aspects of the training experience, which explicitly prepares people for violent warfare, are hypothesized to link service to violent crime. UsingAustralia’s Vietnam-era conscription lotteries for identification and criminal court data from Australia’s three largest states, we seek to estimate the effect of army training on violent crime. Using variousspecifications, we find no evidence that military training causes violent crime, and our point estimates are always negative. In our preferred specification (using only non-deployed cohorts), we rule out with 95%confidence any positive violent crime effects larger than 3.6% relative to the mean.
Simpson, AV, Clegg, S & Pina e Cunha, M 2013, 'Expressing Compassion in the Face of Crisis: Organizational Practices in the Aftermath of the Brisbane Floods of 2011', JOURNAL OF CONTINGENCIES AND CRISIS MANAGEMENT, vol. 21, no. 2, pp. 115-124.
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Compassion is almost universally acknowledged as an important issue in the crisis management literature. The dominant perspective, however, approaches compassion instrumentally. The findings of this study on the compassionate support offered (or not) to employees during and after the Brisbane flood crisis of January 2011 provide insight into crisis management as a continuous process rather than a reactionary response when disaster arises. Three significant policy implications are generated: First, compassionate discourses and categorization schemas should be clearly articulated within the organization before crisis. Second, compassionate policies and practices need to be embedded in ongoing organizational routines and policies. Third, initiatives framed as compassion responses should not be assumed to necessarily create positive outcomes; rather, outcomes should be assessed on an ongoing basis
Simpson, AV, Clegg, SR & Freeder, D 2013, 'Compassion, power and organization', Journal of Political Power, vol. 6, no. 3, pp. 385-404.
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In this paper, we analyse the significance of compassion as an emotion in its relationship to various manifestations of power within the organisational context. We critique those theories of compassion that assume that compassion in organsational contexts is motivated only by a noble intent. The paper draws on a study of organisational responses to the flood that devastated the City of Brisbane Australia on the morning of 11 January 2011. We use a framework of 'circuits of power' to provide a triple focus on interpersonal, organisational and societal uses of power together with a model of coercive, instrumental and normative organisational power. We present our findings in a framework constructed by overlapping these frameworks. The unique contribution of this paper is to provide a conceptualisation of organisational compassion enmeshed with various modes of power exercised in and by organisations. © 2013 © 2013 Taylor & Francis.
Singleton, J & Darcy, S 2013, '‘Cultural life’, disability, inclusion and citizenship: moving beyond leisure in isolation', Annals of Leisure Research, vol. 16, no. 3, pp. 183-192.
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We reside within a global village, with approximately 10% of the worlds population or 650 million people (including about 200 million children) living with some form of disability (United Nations 2011). This has been estimated to rise to 1.2 billion by 2050 (United Nations 2011). The World Health Organization and the United Nations have recognized that people with disability have a right to access services from all areas of citizenship. The purpose of this special issue of Annals of Leisure Research was to seek contributions examining the inclusion and citizenship of people with disability in `cultural life, defined by the United Nations (2006) Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disability (CRPWD) to include recreation, leisure, the arts, sport and tourism. In particular, the issue aimed to: (1) clarify what the terms inclusion and citizenship mean in different cultures; (2) place inclusion to and citizenship of `cultural life across discourses relating to economic, social and environmental contexts that affect people with disabilities participation; and (3) discuss the terms inclusion and citizenship from the ideological frameworks of government, researchers, providers of service or disability advocacy groups
Singleton, J & Darcy, S 2013, 'Corrigendum', Annals of Leisure Research, vol. 16, no. 3, pp. ebi-ebi.
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Slonim, R, Wang, C, Garbarino, E & Merrett, D 2013, 'Opting-in: Participation bias in economic experiments', Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, vol. 90, pp. 43-70.
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Smith, T & Walsh, K 2013, 'Why the CAPM is Half‐Right and Everything Else is Wrong', Abacus, vol. 49, no. S1, pp. 73-78.
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Subramani, P & Agarwal, R 2013, 'Opportunities and pitfalls associated with coordination structures in supply chain management: An exploratory case study', International Journal of Supply Chain Management, vol. 2, no. 4, pp. 17-31.
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Supply chain management has recently received considerable attention with an aim to reduce production costs, manage risks, reduce delays, maximize profit, and improve the quality of products, with the result of increased competitiveness and profitability for all stakeholders. It is in this context that this paper investigates what coordination structures (focal, mediated or collaborative) are adopted by supply chains in an attempt to conduct integrative planning. We investigate what coordination structure is required by the focal firm to successfully manage supply chain activities. This paper draws on evidence from the extant literature and demonstrates the prevalence of the newly defined coordination structures in the manufacturing of complex products with a multitude supply chain based on findings from exploratory case studies. Potential opportunities and pitfalls associated with each of the coordination structures in regards to governance, supply risk, quality and supplier involvement practices are examined. Hypotheses are developed to help understand the impact of coordination structures on various supply chain activities. Previous studies have not considered the potential pitfalls and opportunities for the focal firm in choosing to adopt a particular coordination structure in the complex products manufacturing industry, which poses specific regulatory considerations. The two explanatory case studies also consider the perspective of tier 2 suppliers, which are not commonly considered in the supply chain literature. Moreover, this research is able to demonstrate that there is no such coordination structure as one size fits all, and instead illustrates that even different component supply chains in the same organisation can have different coordination structures.
Sugahara, S & Wilson, R 2013, 'Discourse Surrounding the International Education Standards for Professional Accountants (IES): A Content Analysis Approach', Accounting Education, vol. 22, no. 3, pp. 213-232.
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Tam, L & Dholakia, UM 2013, 'The Consequences and Correction of Inflation in Personal Savings Estimates in Specific Future Time Frames', Journal of Behavioral Decision Making, vol. 26, no. 2, pp. 139-151.
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ABSTRACTWe examined the consequences of personal savings estimate inflation that occurs when decision makers provide savings estimates for specific future months when compared with the next month or the next year time frames, along with a method to attenuate this bias. The results of three experiments showed that the savings estimate inflation leads to significantly larger estimates of desired nest egg size (Experiment 1) and preference for riskier choices in other financial domains such as investment and employment decisions (Experiment 2). An attempt to attenuate this bias revealed that it is corrected when individuals provide a budgeting estimate prior to giving a savings estimate (Experiment 3). The theoretical and practical implications of the findings are discussed. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Tapp, A & Spotswood, F 2013, 'From the 4Ps to COM-SM: reconfiguring the social marketing mix', Journal of Social Marketing, vol. 3, no. 3, pp. 206-222.
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Purpose – In this paper, the authors aim to contend that the 4Ps of social marketing have been stretched beyond breaking point. Originally designed for social marketing mixes that contained products and prices, the social marketing 4Ps are no longer fit for purpose in an age where social marketing interventions are so wide ranging. There is an urgent need for a replacement – a model that helps social marketers with the process of choosing an appropriate intervention design to fit the particular behaviour change problem faced. Here, the authors propose a model, the COM-SM framework, that connects social marketing programme types with the “capability, opportunity, motivation” model of behaviour. Design/methodology/approach – This article is based on critical review of the efficacy of the 4Ps model in helping managers design social marketing programmes, followed by the conceptual development of an alternative. Findings – Using some typical scenarios, it is contended that the COM-SM model better enables the marketer to adapt their designs to fit the behavioural challenges that they face. Originality/value – The COM-SM model reworks the association between behaviour change insights and the social marketing mix, proposing a new way of designing social marketing interventions.
Thomson, A, Schlenker, K & Schulenkorf, N 2013, 'Conceptualizing Sport Event Legacy', Event Management, vol. 17, no. 2, pp. 111-122.
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Events legacies have become a common feature in the public policy rhetoric surrounding sport events of all sizes. Public policy planners and event organizers are increasingly promoting the legacies of sport events to justify significant investments required to host them. Within the context of special events, legacy is most often recognized as the long-term or permanent outcomes for a host city from staging an event. These outcomes include potential economic, tourism, social, physical, and/or environmental factors. However, the justification of legacies from events remains complicated due to inconsistent conceptualizations of legacy across academic and industry practice. While legacy is an increasing component of event bids as well as funding justifications and postevent reports, the concept itself has attracted limited critical analysis. This article puts forth a comprehensive review of literature that has sought to define legacy, from 1991–2008, drawing on event management, sport management, and urban planning contexts. An inductive interpretive analysis of definitions was undertaken, in which key considerations were identified and definitions assessed against these. The analysis revealed five key considerations of legacy in application to the sport event management context. In doing so, this article contributes to both theoretical debate and improved strategic practice surrounding the emergence of “legacy” as justification for staging sport events.
Trede, F & McEwen, C 2013, 'Educating the deliberate professional', Occasional Paper, vol. 9.
TREDE, F, SHEEHAN, D & MCEWEN, C 2013, 'Investigating what constitutes an effective workplace learning environment: A scoping review of the role physical and material elements play in student learning', www. ceiainc. org/journal, pp. 94-94.
Tweedie, D, Dyball, MC, Hazelton, J & Wright, S 2013, 'Teaching Global Ethical Standards: A Case and Strategy for Broadening the Accounting Ethics Curriculum', Journal of Business Ethics, vol. 115, no. 1, pp. 1-15.
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Vad Baunsgaard, V & Clegg, S 2013, '‘Walls or Boxes’: The Effects of Professional Identity, Power and Rationality on Strategies for Cross-Functional Integration', Organization Studies, vol. 34, no. 9, pp. 1299-1325.
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Small- to medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) are recognized as drivers of economic growth, yet commonly face low innovation and organizational success due to insufficient cross-functional integration. We pose the simple question: what factors hinder cross-functional integration from occurring? We analyse cross-functional integration at management level by developing the framework of dominant ideological modes of rationality, composing professional identity, power relations and rationalities and through the construct of ‘members’ categorization devices’ (MCDs). The article builds theory from a longitudinal in-depth empirical investigation of ‘everyday’ micro-political processes involved in cross-functional integration by drawing on political and ethnomethodological perspectives. It provides novel findings on the dynamics between power relations and cross-functional integration, the influence of ‘thought worlds’ of different functions involved in the innovation process, and contributes empirical evidence that professional identity produces power relations and rationality. Implications for theory, method and practice are considered.
Veal, AJ 2013, 'Open space planning standards in Australia: in search of origins', Australian Planner, vol. 50, no. 3, pp. 224-232.
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While national standards for open space planning have long been subject to criticism, their use is still advocated in a number of Australian state planning guidelines, even if only as a 'starting point'. This suggests that the British and American origins of open space standards commonly used in Australia are believed by some to have at least a modicum of credibility. This paper seeks to establish documented evidence of the link between Australian standards and their British and American origins and to examine the scientific basis for the latter. It was found to be impossible to establish clear, explicit and documented statements of such links. Furthermore, it was found that, in the case of American standards, the responsible organisation was itself unable to explain their basis and abandoned their use in 1996. In the case of British standards, it is found that they were based on estimated demand for sport in Britain in 1925, have remained substantially unchanged since the 1930s and do not include standards for informal open space. No evidence was found of any efforts to establish Australian standards based on contemporary Australian recreation demand patterns. © 2013 Planning Institute Australia.
Waller, DS, Deshpande, S & Erdogan, BZ 2013, 'Offensiveness of Advertising with Violent Image Appeal: A Cross-Cultural Study', Journal of Promotion Management, vol. 19, no. 4, pp. 400-417.
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Violent images are often used in advertisements to gain attention and sell products, resulting in complaints to regulatory bodies and concern regarding the effects of these potentially offensive advertisements on society. This paper presents the results of a survey of 930 university students from six countries to determine which personal and attitudinal variables have a significant influence on their attitudes toward advertisements with violent images. The results indicate that gender, country, intensity of religious beliefs, economic inclination, and products (social/political groups) produced the strongest reaction. These factors should be considered when advertisers run local or global campaigns with violent images. © 2013 Copyright Taylor and Francis Group, LLC.
Wang, J 2013, 'Liquidity commonality among Asian equity markets', PACIFIC-BASIN FINANCE JOURNAL, vol. 21, no. 1, pp. 1209-1231.
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This paper examines the impact of a set of common factors on liquidity variations in twelve Asian equity markets. The cross-market liquidity co-movements, i.e. liquidity commonality, represent an important dimension of capital market integration. I find that (1) liquidity variations in Asian equity markets are increasingly driven by the common factors. By 2009 and early 2010, the common factors account for 15% of daily liquidity variations in Asian emerging markets, and for 22% in Asian developed markets. (2) Volatility as a factor for liquidity commonality is at least as important as the cross-market average liquidity. It explains 12.4% of liquidity variations in Asian developed markets after the global financial crisis. (3) Regional factors affect local market liquidity through shocks in liquidity and volatility. U.S. and U.K. factors have little direct impact on Asian emerging markets. They affect liquidity in Asian developed markets mainly through volatility. The findings shed new light on the level of market integration in Asia and associated liquidity risks. © 2012 Elsevier B.V.
Wang, J 2013, 'The Impact of Foreign Ownership on Stock Volatility in Indonesia', ASIA-PACIFIC JOURNAL OF FINANCIAL STUDIES, vol. 42, no. 3, pp. 493-509.
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This study documents the negative relationship between foreign ownership and the future volatility of Indonesian stocks. The calming effect of foreign ownership is present before, during, and after the Asian financial crisis. It is independent of gross and net foreign trading and the stock's historical volatility. The effect increases with the level of foreign holdings. The findings are contrary to the volatility impact of institutional ownership in developed markets, and indicate the presence of different economic mechanisms leading to the opposite volatility impact from foreign ownership and foreign trading. © 2013 Korean Securities Association.
Wang, J & Yang, M 2013, 'On the risk return relationship', JOURNAL OF EMPIRICAL FINANCE, vol. 21, no. 1, pp. 132-141.
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While the risk return trade-off theory suggests a positive relationship between the expected return and the conditional volatility, the volatility feedback theory implies a channel that allows the conditional volatility to negatively affect the expected return. We examine the effects of the risk return trade-off and the volatility feedback in a model where both the return and its volatility are influenced by news arrivals. Our empirical analysis shows that the two effects have approximately the same size with opposite signs for the daily excess returns of seven major developed markets. For the same data set, we also find that a linear relationship between the expected return and the conditional standard deviation is preferable to polynomial-type nonlinear specifications. Our results have a potential to explain some of the mixed findings documented by previous studies. © 2013 Elsevier B.V.
Wang, J, Gochoco‐Bautista, MS & Sotocinal, NR 2013, 'Corporate Investments in Asian Emerging Markets: Financial Conditions, Financial Development, and Financial Constraints', Asian Development Bank Economics Working Paper Series, vol. 346, no. 346, pp. 1-26.
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Motivated by the literature on the finance-growth nexus, this paper explores the mechanisms through which finance affects corporate investments and capital accumulation. We separate the effects of financial conditions from those of financial development.
Wang, Y, Feng, T & Keller, LR 2013, 'A further exploration of the uncertainty effect', Journal of Risk and Uncertainty, vol. 47, no. 3, pp. 291-310.
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Individual valuation of a binary lottery at values less than the lottery's worst outcome has been designated as the 'uncertainty effect'. Our paper aims to explore the boundary conditions of the uncertainty effect by investigating a plausible underlying
Wearing, S & McGehee, NG 2013, 'Volunteer tourism: A review', TOURISM MANAGEMENT, vol. 38, no. 1, pp. 120-130.
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This paper examines the current state of 'volunteer tourism,' both as a field of study and modern phenomenon. The foundation of the review rests upon themes initiated over 10 years ago in Volunteer Tourism: Experiences That Make a Difference (Wearing, 2001). The review begins with a discussion of the explosive growth of volunteer tourism (research and practice) and continues with an analysis of the literature utilizing a multiphasic format that reflects the volunteer tourism process. Specifically, the paper includes a review of research in the area of pre-trip motivations, continues through work focussing on the volunteer tourism experience itself with emphasis on the role of the volunteer tourism organization and the community, and ends with discussion of the literature in the areas of post-trip reflections and transformations. Conclusions include recommendations for future research. © 2013 Elsevier Ltd.
Wearing, SL, McDonald, M & Wearing, M 2013, 'Consumer culture, the mobilisation of the narcissistic self and adolescent deviant leisure', LEISURE STUDIES, vol. 32, no. 4, pp. 367-381.
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The purpose of this analysis is to investigate the consumer packaging of adolescent deviance through commodified leisure. It argues that under conditions of neoliberalism, deviant leisure is commodified by industry, emptying deviance of its political potential, selling it back to adolescents in the form of narcissistic self-identities. These self-identities appear to challenge authority, albeit produced within youth culture and marketing, purchased and consumed in the belief that it is resistance. Forms of adolescent deviance and narcissism are normalised as challenging, exciting and risky while providing associations with power, wealth, celebrity and physical beauty. In the final analysis, we explore some possibilities for the resistance of market-based constructions of self-identity for adolescents in western consumer cultures.
Welty Peachey, J, Cohen, A, Borland, J & Lyras, A 2013, 'Building social capital: Examining the impact of Street Soccer USA on its volunteers', International Review for the Sociology of Sport, vol. 48, no. 1, pp. 20-37.
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Most studies on the use of sport with marginalized populations have centered upon the impact on participants, with few studies examining the impact of these interventions on other stakeholder groups, such as volunteers. While it has been contended that volunteering provides a form of social participation and civic engagement that can foster development of citizenship and social capital, these ideas are disputed and lack empirical evidence. Thus, the purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of Street Soccer USA on its volunteers. Street Soccer USA uses soccer to provide a support system to homeless individuals for making positive life changes. The findings of this qualitative study with five teams in the United States revealed that volunteering fostered the preconditions for and actual social capital development by enhancing awareness and understanding about homelessness, building community and relationships with the homeless, enhancing passion to work in the social justice field, and developing self-satisfaction through a ‘feel good’ mentality. This study contributes to the ongoing discourse on the use of sport to aid in social capital development. By creating increased understanding and a sense of community between different social groups, greater community cohesion and more inclusive social capital can be developed.
Welty Peachey, J, Lyras, A, Borland, J & Cohen, A 2013, 'Street soccer USA cup: Preliminary findings of a sport-for-homeless intervention', ICHPER -- SD Journal of Research in Health, Physical Education, Recreation, Sport & Dance, vol. 8, no. 1, pp. 3-11.
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Over the last decade, the emerging field of sport-for-development (SFD) has advanced global efforts of related and applied scholarship and programming. While most of the existing SFD body of knowledge addresses social challenges of the 'global south', today's economic global recession spreads challenges beyond these regions. Scholars and practitioners of this emerging field are called to address this gap with related and applied scholarship and programming in the 'global north.' Thus, the purpose of this preliminary study was to investigate the perceived impact of the U.S.-based Street Soccer USA Cup on its homeless participants and identify the event's structures and processes that can facilitate positive outcomes. Data collection consisted of conducting focus group interviews with 11 players and six coaches, and engaging in direct observations. Data were analyzed through the process of open, axial, and selective coding. Results indicated positive perceived impact on participants through building a sense of community, creating hope, cultivating an outward focus, fostering goal achievement, and enhancing personal development. The Cup was effective in achieving positive impact through creating a celebratory and festive space for social interaction, and by creating an inclusive climate where achievement was celebrated. Findings derived from this research provide intriguing foundations for further research and development of the SFD field.
Wu, CL, Brown, D, Sivabalan, P & Huang, PH 2013, 'The application of target costing to the real-estate investment industry - A dual model approach', Asia Pacific Management Review, vol. 18, no. 2, pp. 221-237.
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This paper applies target costing (TC) to Taiwan's real-estate investment industry by considering the variation of selling prices in a batch of heterogeneous products (apartments). TC has largely been applied and studied in the manufacturing industry, assuming a structure of a single sale-price for homogenous products within the same batch. However, the products in the same construction batch in a real-estate investment project often have different prices caused by product attributes (floor level, orientation, location) and product changes requested by clients. We provide interview evidence from six real-estate investment firms highlighting how batch profit is pursued while focusing on different product prices within the same product batch. Unlike traditional applications of TC, our findings show target-cost levels may increase for higher-priced products, and do not necessarily decrease for lower-priced products. This is due to the economies of scale arising from purchasing components and maintaining customer satisfaction. The findings also reveal the importance of considering processes/procedures for dual models by emphasizing the increased product price and land investment at the preliminary planning stages, to achieve a more practical TC in the real estate investment industry.
Yu, K-H 2013, 'Institutionalization in the Context of Institutional Pluralism: Politics as a Generative Process', Organization Studies, vol. 34, no. 1, pp. 105-131.
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Institutionalizing a new organizational template in a pluralistic environment where multiple institutional logics coexist entails unique challenges where actors must negotiate conflict and carry out integrative and adaptive work. This paper examines how organizational actors in a large service sector trade union managed to craft integrative processes out of contentious processes in institutionalizing a new organizational template. Recently, renewed attention has focused on politics as a means through which integration is achieved in organizations under multiple institutional pressures. However, we know relatively little about how politics achieves organizational integration in pluralistic contexts. This paper sheds light on how successful institutionalization processes actually unfold in organizations. While extant literature on intra-organizational political processes has depicted politics mainly as a zero-sum game, findings in this study suggest that politics can be a generative process through which organizations adapt to changing conditions.
Zahin, S, Latif, HH, Paul, SK & Azeem, A 2013, 'A comparative analysis of power demand forecasting with artificial intelligence and traditional approach', International Journal of Business Information Systems, vol. 13, no. 3, pp. 359-359.
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Power demand forecasting is a significant factor in the planning and economic and secure operation of modern power system. This research work has compared different forecasting techniques and opted to find out better technique in context of power generation, which varies rapidly from time to time. The dataset has been generated from yearly demand of electricity of Bangladesh for last five years. Year, irrigation season, temperature and rainfall amount have been considered as input parameters where as single output is demand of load in adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS). Another artificial intelligence technique, artificial neural network (ANN) has been used to validate the output results. The best suited traditional technique for forecasting power generation is seasonal forecasting. Seasonal forecasting is also used to compare with ANFIS and ANN to find out better technique. The result of experiment indicates that ANFIS is superior method to tackle forecasting of power generation from different error measures. Copyright © 2013 Inderscience Enterprises Ltd.
Zhang, J 2013, 'Revenue maximizing with return policy when buyers have uncertain valuations', International Journal of Industrial Organization, vol. 31, no. 5, pp. 452-461.
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This paper examines the optimal mechanism design problem when buyers have uncertain valuations. This uncertainty can only be resolved after the actual transactions take place and upon incurring significant post-purchase cost. We focus on two different settings regarding how the seller values a returned object (salvage value). We first study the case where the salvage value is exogenously determined. We find that the revenue maximizing mechanism is deterministic and “separable”. We illustrate that the optimal revenue can be implemented by a mechanism with a “no-questions-asked” return policy. In addition, we show that “linear return policies” are suboptimal when the hazard rates of initial estimates are monotone. We next examine the case where the salvage value is endogenously determined. We demonstrate that “separability” no longer holds and the “recall” of buyers is necessary in the optimal mechanism.
Zhang, J & Wang, R 2013, 'Optimal mechanism design with resale via bargaining', Journal of Economic Theory, vol. 148, no. 5, pp. 2096-2123.
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