King, RJ, Hutchings, PA, Larkum, AWD & West, RJ 1991, Southeastern Australia.
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Outlines the major environmental features of the littoral zone and introduces the characteristic biota of the major habitats: rocky shores, sandy beaches and coastal lagoons, estuaries and embayments. Comments are made on biogeography. The biota is particularly rich and diverse. Resumes are provided of the nature of: macroalgae, seagrasses, fishes, echinoderms, molluscs, Crustacea and polychaetes. Plant biomass and annual productivity are noted for algae and seagrasses, and decomposition and nutrients are discussed. -P.J.Jarvis
Murray, DR & Larkum, AWD 1991, 'Seed proteins of the seagrass Zostera capricorni', Aquatic Botany, vol. 40, no. 2, pp. 101-108.
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Proteins were extracted from the seeds of the seagrass Zostera capricorni Aschers. and analysed by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Pore-gradient gel electrophoresis revealed a predominant storage protein of estimated Mr 340 000, which we have termed 'zosterin'. This protein accounted for about 80% of extractable protein. Dissociation of proteins by the anionic detergent, sodium dodecylsulphate (SDS), in the absence and presence of 2-mercaptoethanol confirmed that disulphide-linked subunits associate to form zosterin. On electrophoresis in uniform-pore gels set from 10% acrylamide, five major subunits were resolved (polypeptides I-V), of estimated Mr 30 000, 27 500, 24 000, 22 000 and 20 500, respectively. These subunits associate to form disulphide-bridged constituents of two size classes, Mr 54 000 and 46 000, with the former predominating (∼ 2:1). Zosterin is clearly a counterpart of legumin, one of the major storage proteins of legume seeds. © 1991.
Raven, JA 1991, 'Plant responses to high O2 concentrations: relevance to previous high O2 episodes', Global and Planetary Change, vol. 5, no. 1-2, pp. 19-38.
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Exposure to the ∼ 43 kPa O2 thouhht to correspond to the highest O2 partial pressure in the Phanerozoic rather than the 21 kPa in the present atmosphere deleteriously affects extant C3 land plants by increasing (1) the O2 inhibition (competitive with CO2) of the carboxylating enzyme ribulose 1,5 bisphosphate carboxylase-oxygenase, (2) the O2 inactivation of nitrogenase in symbiotic N2-fixers, and (3) the generation of reactive oxygen species which can damage nuclei acids, proteins, lipids and other cell constituents. Exposure of these plants to O2 levels approximating a high O2 episode inhibits growth via inhibition of ribulose carboxylase and, possibly, by unrepaired damage caused by reactive oxygen species and by the resource diversion related to increasing the capacity of mechanisms reducing the level of reactive oxygen species and to repairing the damage caused by these species. Longer term effects (e.g. increased level of mutations in a population) have not been explored. Natural exposure of all or part of extant plants to O2 levels in excess of 43 kPa occurs in the light in most plants other than C3 land plants due to photosynthetic O2 evolution with restricted diffusion to a medium with normal O2 levels attendant on the maintenance of high CO2 concentrations around ribulose 1,5 bisphosphate carboxylase. While the high O2 levels seem to be restricted where possible to non-meristematic regions of multicellular plants, these plants which have high internal O2 levels do not seem to be disadvantaged relative to C3 land plants. The high O2 concentrations proposed for periods in the Phanerozoic are tolerated, as intracellular O2 levels, in some cells of a substantial fraction of extant phototrophs, and many can tolerate substantially higher levels. Fire seems more likely than the effects discussed in this paper as limitations on co-occurence of terrestrial vegetation and high O2 levels. © 1991.
Raven, JA 1991, 'Plant responses to high O-2 concentrations: relevance to previous high O-2 episodes', PALAEOGEOGRAPHY PALAEOCLIMATOLOGY PALAEOECOLOGY, vol. 97, no. 1-2, pp. 19-38.
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RAVEN, JA 1991, 'RESPONSES OF AQUATIC PHOTOSYNTHETIC ORGANISMS TO INCREASED SOLAR UVB', JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY, vol. 9, no. 2, pp. 239-244.
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RAVEN, JA & JOHNSTON, AM 1991, 'PHOTOSYNTHETIC INORGANIC CARBON ASSIMILATION BY PRASIOLA-STIPITATA (PRASIOLALES, CHLOROPHYTA) UNDER EMERSED AND SUBMERSED CONDITIONS - RELATIONSHIP TO THE TAXONOMY OF PRASIOLA', BRITISH PHYCOLOGICAL JOURNAL, vol. 26, no. 3, pp. 247-257.
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Mann, R & Ajani, PA 1991, 'Bioaccumulation of Organochlorine Compounds in Fish from Sydney (Oral Presentation). Australian Marine Science Association Annual Conference 1991, Brisbane Australia.', Bioaccumulation of Organochlorine Compounds in Fish from Sydney. R.
Mann, R & Ajani, PA 1991, 'Bioaccumulation of organochlorines and trace metals in fish - Sydney deepwater outfall (Oral Presentation). Australian Marine Science Association Annual Conference 1991, Brisbane Australia.', Environmental Monitoring Program. R.
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Oral Presentation
Mann, R & Ajani, P 1991, Sydney Deepwater Outfalls Environmental Monitoring Program: Pre-commissioning Phase. Contaminants in Fish.
Mann, RA & Ajani, PA NSW State Pollution Control Commission 1991, Contaminants in Fish, Sydney Deepwater Outfalls Environmental Monitoring Program Precommissioning Report.