Publications
Chapters
Bodachivskyi, I, Kuzhiumparambil, U & Williams, DBG 2021, 'Biomass Processing via Acid Catalysis', Wiley, pp. 23-55.
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Bodachivskyi, I, Kuzhiumparambil, U & Williams, DBG 2021, 'Biomass Processing via Acid Catalysis' in Biomass Valorization Sustainable Methods for the Production of Chemicals, pp. 25-55.
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This chapter aims to define efficient methods for the acid-catalyzed conversion of biomass into targeted value-added products. Acid catalysts can be classified as Lewis acids or Brønsted acids and may be further classified as heterogeneous or homogeneous. Polysaccharides, such as glucans and xylans, can be depolymerized into monomer sugars in the presence of Brønsted acid catalysts; such monosaccharides have many applications from organic synthesis to energy sources for fermentation. ionic liquids are a class of green solvents that consist solely of ions and, under certain conditions, are able to fully dissolve cellulosic polysaccharides. The chapter discusses the chemistry accompanying catalytic transformations of carbohydrates and lignin into specific products, defining the overall role of the acidic catalyst, solvent, and processing parameters. In numerous bench-scale processes, acid catalysis has been shown to be a universal tool to source value-added products from reactions of low value or waste cellulosic materials.
Journal articles
Aamer Mehmood, M, Shahid, A, Malik, S, Wang, N, Rizwan Javed, M, Nabeel Haider, M, Verma, P, Umer Farooq Ashraf, M, Habib, N, Syafiuddin, A & Boopathy, R 2021, 'Advances in developing metabolically engineered microbial platforms to produce fourth-generation biofuels and high-value biochemicals', Bioresource Technology, vol. 337, pp. 125510-125510.
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Producing bio-based chemicals is imperative to establish an eco-friendly circular bioeconomy. However, the compromised titer of these biochemicals hampers their commercial implementation. Advances in genetic engineering tools have enabled researchers to develop robust strains producing desired titers of the next-generation biofuels and biochemicals. The native and non-native pathways have been extensively engineered in various host strains via pathway reconstruction and metabolic flux redirection of lipid metabolism and central carbon metabolism to produce myriad biomolecules including alcohols, isoprenoids, hydrocarbons, fatty-acids, and their derivatives. This review has briefly covered the research efforts made during the previous decade to produce advanced biofuels and biochemicals through engineered microbial platforms along with the engineering approaches employed. The efficiency of the various techniques along with their shortcomings is also covered to provide a comprehensive overview of the progress and future directions to achieve higher titer of fourth-generation biofuels and biochemicals while keeping environmental sustainability intact.
Ajani, PA, Petrou, K, Larsson, ME, Nielsen, DA, Burke, J & Murray, SA 2021, 'Phenotypic trait variability as an indication of adaptive capacity in a cosmopolitan marine diatom', Environmental Microbiology, vol. 23, no. 1, pp. 207-223.
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Alderdice, R, Suggett, DJ, Cárdenas, A, Hughes, DJ, Kühl, M, Pernice, M & Voolstra, CR 2021, 'Divergent expression of hypoxia response systems under deoxygenation in reef‐forming corals aligns with bleaching susceptibility', Global Change Biology, vol. 27, no. 2, pp. 312-326.
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Alshamrani, R, Arshad, MH, Gull, M, Nawaz, MZ & Malik, S 2021, 'Identification of non-coding RNAs in the hyper thermophilic bacteriumThermotoga maritima MSB8 through comparative genomics and in-silicoanalyses', Asian Journal of Agriculture and Biology, vol. 2022, no. Online First, pp. 1-9.
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Thermotoga maritima is a hyperthermophile with the potential to produce thermostable commercial enzymes which can be used for saccharification of plant biomass for subsequent fermentation to bioproducts. The molecular mechanism involved in the hyper thermostability in this bacterium is still not well-understood. It is known that small noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) regulate and modulate the gene expression of various biological processes at transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels, hence coordinate the adaptation processes in response to environmental stimuli in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes. To understand the role of small ncRNAs in the hyper thermostability of T. maritima, an in silico-based approach was employed involving the identification of the ncRNAs in this bacterium on a genome-wide scale. A novel pipeline was constructed which involved a combination of various bioinformatics algorithms. In total, 20804 orthologous groups were predicted on the genome of T. maritima and 20 other bacteria (reference genomes) by the OrthoMCL tool. By using the “Perl” and “Bash” languages 258 orthologous IGR datasets were created. Among these datasets, small ncRNAs were identified by employing RNAz and RNA Infernal tools. Total 28 ncRNA candidates were predicted by the RNAz tool and 9 candidates were confirmed as novel cis-regulatory small ncRNAs in T. maritima MSB8 by Infernal tool and were named as Tmn (T. maritima ncRNAs). This work provides novel insights into the role of ncRNAs in the stress adaptability of MSB8 and can give a much better understanding of the lifestyle of this bacterium after validation of the data through wet-lab approaches. Having a clear understanding of the thermo-tolerance mechanism, the MSB8 can be exploited in the future for the commercial production of thermostable compounds and biohydrogen.
Argyle, PA, Walworth, NG, Hinners, J, Collins, S, Levine, NM & Doblin, MA 2021, 'Multivariate trait analysis reveals diatom plasticity constrained to a reduced set of biological axes', ISME Communications, vol. 1, no. 1, p. 59.
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Bao, T, Damtie, MM, Wei, W, Phong Vo, HN, Nguyen, KH, Hosseinzadeh, A, Cho, K, Yu, ZM, Jin, J, Wei, XL, Wu, K, Frost, RL & Ni, B-J 2021, 'Simultaneous adsorption and degradation of bisphenol A on magnetic illite clay composite: Eco-friendly preparation, characterizations, and catalytic mechanism', Journal of Cleaner Production, vol. 287, pp. 125068-125068.
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Excess bisphenol A (BPA) is a pollutant of concern in different water sources. In this work, magnetic illite clay-composite material (Fe3O4@illite) was synthesized via the coprecipitation method by loading Fe3O4 nanoparticles (nano-Fe3O4) onto the surfaces of illite clay. Results from different characterizations showed that nano-Fe3O4 was embedded into illite clay nanosheets and existed on the surfaces of illite clay, thereby reducing the degree of agglomeration and improving dispersibility. The catalytic BPA degradation of Fe3O4@illite and nano-Fe3O4 confirmed the superior performance of Fe3O4@illite compared with that of nano-Fe3O4. The optimum operating parameters for degradation were 0.3 mL of H2O2 at pH of 3 in the presence of Fe3O4@illite, which provided a maximum degradation capacity up to 816, 364, 113, and 68 mg/g for epoxy BPA concentration of resin wastewater (266 mg/L), synthetic wastewater (80 mg/L), Hefei City swan lake (25 mg/L), and Hefei University lake wastewater (14.94 mg/L), respectively, in 180 min reaction time. The degradation data conformed to the pseudo-first-order kinetic model. The degradation pathways and mineralization study revealed that the adsorption-Fenton-like reaction was the principal mechanism that demonstrated 100% degradation efficiency of Fe3O4@illite even after nine successive runs. The regeneration and reusability tendency analysis ensured that Fe3O4@illite can be easily separated by using magnets. Therefore, Fe3O4@illite composite with H2O2 Fenton-like technology was a promising method for BPA degradation.
Beltrán, VH, Puill-Stephan, E, Howells, E, Flores-Moya, A, Doblin, M, Núñez-Lara, E, Escamilla, V, López, T & van Oppen, MJH 2021, 'Physiological diversity among sympatric, conspecific endosymbionts of coral (Cladocopium C1acro) from the Great Barrier Reef', Coral Reefs, vol. 40, no. 4, pp. 985-997.
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Birrer, SC, Wemheuer, F, Dafforn, KA, Gribben, PE, Steinberg, PD, Simpson, SL, Potts, J, Scanes, P, Doblin, MA & Johnston, EL 2021, 'Legacy Metal Contaminants and Excess Nutrients in Low Flow Estuarine Embayments Alter Composition and Function of Benthic Bacterial Communities', Frontiers in Microbiology, vol. 12, p. 661177.
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Bramucci, AR, Focardi, A, Rinke, C, Hugenholtz, P, Tyson, GW, Seymour, JR & Raina, J-B 2021, 'Microvolume DNA extraction methods for microscale amplicon and metagenomic studies', ISME Communications, vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 1-5.
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Brunet, M, de Bettignies, F, Le Duff, N, Tanguy, G, Davoult, D, Leblanc, C, Gobet, A & Thomas, F 2021, 'Accumulation of detached kelp biomass in a subtidal temperate coastal ecosystem induces succession of epiphytic and sediment bacterial communities', Environmental Microbiology, vol. 23, no. 3, pp. 1638-1655.
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Brunet, M, Le Duff, N, Fuchs, BM, Amann, R, Barbeyron, T & Thomas, F 2021, 'Specific detection and quantification of the marine flavobacterial genus Zobellia on macroalgae using novel qPCR and CARD-FISH assays', Systematic and Applied Microbiology, vol. 44, no. 6, pp. 126269-126269.
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The flavobacterial genus Zobellia is considered as a model to study macroalgal polysaccharide degradation. The lack of data regarding its prevalence and abundance in coastal habitats constitutes a bottleneck to assess its ecological strategies. To overcome this issue, real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR) and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) methods targeting the 16S rRNA gene were optimized to specifically detect and quantify Zobellia on the surface of diverse macroalgae. The newly designed qPCR primers and FISH probes targeted 98 and 100% of the Zobellia strains in silico and their specificity was confirmed using pure bacterial cultures. The dynamic range of the qPCR assay spanned 8 orders of magnitude from 10 to 108 16S rRNA gene copies and the detection limit was 0.01% relative abundance of Zobellia in environmental samples. Zobellia-16S rRNA gene copies were detected on all surveyed brown, green and red macroalgae, in proportion varying between 0.1 and 0.9% of the total bacterial copies. The absolute and relative abundance of Zobellia varied with tissue aging on the kelp Laminaria digitata. Zobellia cells were successfully visualized in Ulva lactuca and stranded Palmaria palmata surface biofilm using CARD-FISH, representing in the latter 105Zobellia cells·cm-2 and 0.43% of total bacterial cells. Overall, qPCR and CARD-FISH assays enabled robust detection, quantification and localization of Zobellia representatives in complex samples, underlining their ecological relevance as primary biomass degraders potentially cross-feeding other microorganisms.
Celis-Plá, PSM, Rearte, TA, Neori, A, Masojídek, J, Bonomi-Barufi, J, Álvarez-Gómez, F, Ranglová, K, Carmo da Silva, J, Abdala, R, Gómez, C, Caporgno, M, Torzillo, G, Silva Benavides, AM, Ralph, PJ, Fávero Massocato, T, Atzmüller, R, Vega, J, Chávez, P & Figueroa, FL 2021, 'A new approach for cultivating the cyanobacterium Nostoc calcicola (MACC-612) to produce biomass and bioactive compounds using a thin-layer raceway pond', Algal Research, vol. 59, pp. 102421-102421.
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Chow, WS, Larkum, AWD, Pfündel, E, Ritchie, RJ, Scheer, H & Strid, Å 2021, 'A tribute to Robert John Porra (august 7, 1931–may 16, 2019)', Photosynthesis Research, vol. 147, no. 2, pp. 125-130.
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Clifton, J, Osman, EO, Suggett, DJ & Smith, DJ 2021, 'Resolving conservation and development tensions in a small island state: A governance analysis of Curieuse Marine National Park, Seychelles', Marine Policy, vol. 127, pp. 103617-103617.
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© 2019 Elsevier Ltd The management and conservation of marine resources in Seychelles, a small island developing state (SIDS) in the western Indian Ocean, is fundamental to maintaining the flow of international visitors which forms the mainstay of the nation's economy. There is an increasing trend towards empowering non-governmental organisations and parastatal entities with protected area management responsibilities, which partly reflects the chronic underfunding of the state protected area management institution. This paper explores these and related issues through a governance analysis of Curieuse Marine National Park, which is the most popular state-owned marine national park in terms of recorded visitor numbers. This demonstrates that the inability to implement economic incentives through not fully capitalising on the use and non-use values of the park has deleterious consequences for managing the combined impacts of tourism and fisheries on the ecological assets of the park. Furthermore, the capacity of the state management institution is being eroded through a focus on the development of an extensive network of new marine protected areas under the direction of an international non-governmental organisation. Suggestions are made that could strengthen economic, participative and interpretative incentives to provide a more sustainable basis for marine national park management.
Cole, VJ, Parker, LM, Scanes, E, Wright, J, Barnett, L & Ross, PM 2021, 'Climate change alters shellfish reef communities: A temperate mesocosm experiment', Marine Pollution Bulletin, vol. 173, pp. 113113-113113.
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Commault, AS, Kuzhiumparambil, U, Herdean, A, Fabris, M, Jaramillo-Madrid, AC, Abbriano, RM, Ralph, PJ & Pernice, M 2021, 'Methyl Jasmonate and Methyl-β-Cyclodextrin Individually Boost Triterpenoid Biosynthesis in Chlamydomonas Reinhardtii UVM4', Pharmaceuticals, vol. 14, no. 2, pp. 125-125.
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Cziesielski, MJ, Duarte, CM, Aalismail, N, Al-Hafedh, Y, Anton, A, Baalkhuyur, F, Baker, AC, Balke, T, Baums, IB, Berumen, M, Chalastani, VI, Cornwell, B, Daffonchio, D, Diele, K, Farooq, E, Gattuso, J-P, He, S, Lovelock, CE, Mcleod, E, Macreadie, PI, Marba, N, Martin, C, Muniz-Barreto, M, Kadinijappali, KP, Prihartato, P, Rabaoui, L, Saderne, V, Schmidt-Roach, S, Suggett, DJ, Sweet, M, Statton, J, Teicher, S, Trevathan-Tackett, SM, Joydas, TV, Yahya, R & Aranda, M 2021, 'Investing in Blue Natural Capital to Secure a Future for the Red Sea Ecosystems', Frontiers in Marine Science, vol. 7, p. 603722.
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Falkenberg, LJ, Scanes, E, Ducker, J & Ross, PM 2021, 'Biotic habitats as refugia under ocean acidification', Conservation Physiology, vol. 9, no. 1, p. coab077.
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Fernandez, E, Ostrowski, M, Siboni, N, Seymour, JR & Petrou, K 2021, 'Uptake of Dimethylsulfoniopropionate (DMSP) by Natural Microbial Communities of the Great Barrier Reef (GBR), Australia', Microorganisms, vol. 9, no. 9, pp. 1891-1891.
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Fujise, L, Suggett, DJ, Stat, M, Kahlke, T, Bunce, M, Gardner, SG, Goyen, S, Woodcock, S, Ralph, PJ, Seymour, JR, Siboni, N & Nitschke, MR 2021, 'Unlocking the phylogenetic diversity, primary habitats, and abundances of free‐living Symbiodiniaceae on a coral reef', Molecular Ecology, vol. 30, no. 1, pp. 343-360.
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Gao, C, Garren, M, Penn, K, Fernandez, VI, Seymour, JR, Thompson, JR, Raina, J-B & Stocker, R 2021, 'Coral mucus rapidly induces chemokinesis and genome-wide transcriptional shifts toward early pathogenesis in a bacterial coral pathogen', The ISME Journal, vol. 15, no. 12, pp. 3668-3682.
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Gibbs, MC, Parker, LM, Scanes, E, Byrne, M, O’Connor, WA & Ross, PM 2021, 'Adult exposure to ocean acidification and warming leads to limited beneficial responses for oyster larvae', ICES Journal of Marine Science, vol. 78, no. 6, pp. 2017-2030.
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Gibbs, MC, Parker, LM, Scanes, E, Byrne, M, O’Connor, WA & Ross, PM 2021, 'Adult exposure to ocean acidification and warming remains beneficial for oyster larvae following starvation', ICES Journal of Marine Science, vol. 78, no. 5, pp. 1587-1598.
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Gibbs, MC, Parker, LM, Scanes, E, Byrne, M, O'Connor, WA & Ross, PM 2021, 'Energetic lipid responses of larval oysters to ocean acidification', Marine Pollution Bulletin, vol. 168, pp. 112441-112441.
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Climate change will increase energetic demands on marine invertebrate larvae and make planktonic food more unpredictable. This study determined the impact of ocean acidification on larval energetics of the oysters Saccostrea glomerata and Crassostrea gigas. Larvae of both oysters were reared until the 9-day-old, umbonate stage under orthogonal combinations of ambient and elevated p CO 2 (340 and 856 μatm) and food was limited. Elevated p CO 2 reduced the survival, size and larval energetics, larvae of C. gigas being more resilient than S. glomerata. When larvae were fed, elevated p CO 2 reduced lipid levels across all lipid classes. When larvae were unfed elevated p CO 2 resulted in increased lipid levels and mortality. Ocean acidification and food will interact to limit larval energetics. Larvae of S. glomerata will be more impacted than C. gigas and this is of concern given their aquacultural status and ecological function.
Grottoli, AG, Toonen, RJ, van Woesik, R, Vega Thurber, R, Warner, ME, McLachlan, RH, Price, JT, Bahr, KD, Baums, IB, Castillo, KD, Coffroth, MA, Cunning, R, Dobson, KL, Donahue, MJ, Hench, JL, Iglesias‐Prieto, R, Kemp, DW, Kenkel, CD, Kline, DI, Kuffner, IB, Matthews, JL, Mayfield, AB, Padilla‐Gamiño, JL, Palumbi, S, Voolstra, CR, Weis, VM & Wu, HC 2021, 'Increasing comparability among coral bleaching experiments', Ecological Applications, vol. 31, no. 4.
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Haydon, TD, Seymour, JR, Raina, J-B, Edmondson, J, Siboni, N, Matthews, JL, Camp, EF & Suggett, DJ 2021, 'Rapid Shifts in Bacterial Communities and Homogeneity of Symbiodiniaceae in Colonies of Pocillopora acuta Transplanted Between Reef and Mangrove Environments', Frontiers in Microbiology, vol. 12, p. 756091.
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Herdean, A, Hall, CC, Pham, LL, Macdonald Miller, S, Pernice, M & Ralph, PJ 2021, 'Action Spectra and Excitation Emission Matrices reveal the broad range of usable photosynthetic active radiation for Phaeodactylum tricornutum', Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Bioenergetics, vol. 1862, no. 9, pp. 148461-148461.
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Holland, MM, Everett, JD, Cox, MJ, Doblin, MA & Suthers, IM 2021, 'Pelagic forage fish distribution in a dynamic shelf ecosystem – Thermal demands and zooplankton prey distribution', Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science, vol. 249, pp. 107074-107074.
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Howlett, L, Camp, EF, Edmondson, J, Henderson, N & Suggett, DJ 2021, 'Coral growth, survivorship and return-on-effort within nurseries at high-value sites on the Great Barrier Reef', PLOS ONE, vol. 16, no. 1, pp. e0244961-e0244961.
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Hudspith, M, Rix, L, Achlatis, M, Bougoure, J, Guagliardo, P, Clode, PL, Webster, NS, Muyzer, G, Pernice, M & de Goeij, JM 2021, 'Subcellular view of host–microbiome nutrient exchange in sponges: insights into the ecological success of an early metazoan–microbe symbiosis', Microbiome, vol. 9, no. 1.
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Hughes, DJ, Giannini, FC, Ciotti, AM, Doblin, MA, Ralph, PJ, Varkey, D, Verma, A & Suggett, DJ 2021, 'Taxonomic Variability in the Electron Requirement for Carbon Fixation Across Marine Phytoplankton', Journal of Phycology, vol. 57, no. 1, pp. 111-127.
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Hurtado-McCormick, V, Kahlke, T, Petrou, K, Jeffries, T, Ralph, PJ & Seymour, JR 2021, 'Corrigendum: Regional and Microenvironmental Scale Characterization of the Zostera muelleri Seagrass Microbiome', Frontiers in Microbiology, vol. 12, p. 642964.
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[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.01011.].
Hurtado-McCormick, V, Krix, D, Tschitschko, B, Siboni, N, Ralph, PJ & Seymour, JR 2021, 'Shifts in the seagrass leaf microbiome associated with wasting disease in', Marine and Freshwater Research, vol. 72, no. 9, pp. 1303-1320.
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Inomura, K, Masuda, T, Eichner, M, Rabouille, S, Zavřel, T, Červený, J, Vancová, M, Bernát, G, Armin, G, Claquin, P, Kotabová, E, Stephan, S, Suggett, DJ, Deutsch, C & Prášil, O 2021, 'Quantifying Cyanothece growth under DIC limitation', Computational and Structural Biotechnology Journal, vol. 19, pp. 6456-6464.
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The photoautotrophic, unicellular N2-fixer, Cyanothece, is a model organism that has been widely used to study photosynthesis regulation, the structure of photosystems, and the temporal segregation of carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) fixation in light and dark phases of the diel cycle. Here, we present a simple quantitative model and experimental data that together, suggest external dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) concentration as a major limiting factor for Cyanothece growth, due to its high C-storage requirement. Using experimental data from a parallel laboratory study as a basis, we show that after the onset of the light period, DIC was rapidly consumed by photosynthesis, leading to a sharp drop in the rate of photosynthesis and C accumulation. In N2-fixing cultures, high rates of photosynthesis in the morning enabled rapid conversion of DIC to intracellular C storage, hastening DIC consumption to levels that limited further uptake. The N2-fixing condition allows only a small fraction of fixed C for cellular growth since a large fraction was reserved in storage to fuel night-time N2 fixation. Our model provides a framework for resolving DIC limitation in aquatic ecosystem simulations, where DIC as a growth-limiting factor has rarely been considered, and importantly emphasizes the effect of intracellular C allocation on growth rate that varies depending on the growth environment.
Iwasaki, K, Evenhuis, C, Tamburic, B, Kuzhiumparambil, U, O'Connor, W, Ralph, P & Szabó, M 2021, 'Improving light and CO2 availability to enhance the growth rate of the diatom, Chaetoceros muelleri', Algal Research, vol. 55, pp. 102234-102234.
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Diatoms (Bacillariophyceae) are an important source of feed for juvenile animals in aquaculture hatcheries. Increasing the yield of feed cultures by optimizing illumination and inorganic carbon supply could significantly reduce operational costs for hatcheries. In this study, the growth dynamics and photosynthetic efficiency of the aquaculture-relevant diatom Chaetoceros muelleri were monitored and modelled under four different light and CO2 conditions. By increasing the availability of both light and CO2, a growth rate of 1.59 ± 0.12 (day−1) was achieved for C. muelleri, an increase of approximately 89% compared to 0.84 ± 0.08 (day−1) which was recorded in cultures under light limitation with no CO2 addition. The real-time monitoring and modelling of growth dynamics and photosynthesis rates in different light and CO2 conditions have demonstrated that light availability can be improved by minimizing the path length of light through the culture, and the importance of on-demand CO2 supply. The techniques and results outlined in this study could be used to potentially improve biomass production in hatcheries.
King, WL, Kaestli, M, Siboni, N, Padovan, A, Christian, K, Mills, D, Seymour, J & Gibb, K 2021, 'Pearl Oyster Bacterial Community Structure Is Governed by Location and Tissue-Type, but Vibrio Species Are Shared Among Oyster Tissues', Frontiers in Microbiology, vol. 12, pp. 1-11.
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Labeeuw, L, Commault, AS, Kuzhiumparambil, U, Emmerton, B, Nguyen, LN, Nghiem, LD & Ralph, PJ 2021, 'A comprehensive analysis of an effective flocculation method for high quality microalgal biomass harvesting', Science of The Total Environment, vol. 752, pp. 141708-141708.
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Laiolo, L, Matear, R, Soja-Woźniak, M, Suggett, DJ, Hughes, DJ, Baird, ME & Doblin, MA 2021, 'Modelling the impact of phytoplankton cell size and abundance on inherent optical properties (IOPs) and a remotely sensed chlorophyll-a product', Journal of Marine Systems, vol. 213, pp. 103460-103460.
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© 2020 Elsevier B.V. Ocean colour data are commonly used to quantify primary production, study phytoplankton dynamics and calibrate marine models, thus understanding the origin of errors in the retrieved chlorophyll-a (Chl-a) product is critical. One source of uncertainty in retrieved Chl-a products can be related to large photosynthetic cells, characterised by lower mass-specific absorption coefficients due to increased packaging effect. Here, we explore the relationship between phytoplankton size structure and an ocean colour product using optical simulations and in situ observations. Specifically, we use an optical model to explore how phytoplankton cell size and abundance influence phytoplankton absorption and backscattering coefficients and the implication this has for water leaving radiance and the estimated Chl-a derived from satellite ocean colour. The optical model simulations show phytoplankton cell size has a significant impact on the remote-sensing reflectance, with Chl-a packaged in 5 to 10 μm cells resulting in about 54 to 76% the simulated ocean colour Chl-a compared to 1 μm cells, as determined by an algorithm that converts reflectances to Chl-a. To support optical simulations, size-fractionated Chl-a samples were collected from several water masses to investigate the phytoplankton size contribution (i.e., < 2 μm, 2–10 μm and > 10 μm) to the total Chl-a. We focused on the offshore eastern Australian ocean region, largely characterised by oligotrophic waters in which phytoplankton dominate the optical properties of the water column. Of the 22 stations sampled, a total of ten in situ size fractionated Chl-a measurements were matched-up with the corresponding clear-sky satellite Chl-a product. The matched-up points revealed a systematic underestimation of in situ Chl-a. With the low amount of data, it was not possible to statistically relate the satellite underestimation to a specific phytoplankton size class, but the observations showed th...
Lawson, CA, Raina, J, Deschaseaux, E, Hrebien, V, Possell, M, Seymour, JR & Suggett, DJ 2021, 'Heat stress decreases the diversity, abundance and functional potential of coral gas emissions', Global Change Biology, vol. 27, no. 4, pp. 879-891.
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Leal, E, de Beyer, L, O'Connor, W, Dove, M, Ralph, PJ & Pernice, M 2021, 'Production optimisation of Tisochrysis lutea as a live feed for juvenile Sydney rock oysters, Saccostrea glomerata, using large-scale photobioreactors', Aquaculture, vol. 533, pp. 736077-736077.
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© 2020 Elsevier B.V. The aquaculture industry uses microalgae as a live feed for juvenile oysters in hatcheries to meet their nutritional requirements, including their need for several essential Poly Unsaturated Fatty Acids (PUFAs) such as eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). The mass culture of microalgae is not only a major bottleneck for the production of juvenile oysters, but also a significant cost, accounting for 20–50% of hatchery operating costs. Currently, low biomass concentrations, high production costs and poor cultivation systems limit the quantity and quality of microalgae feed. This study focused on Tisochrysis lutea, a microalgae species commonly used in aquaculture, and we assessed the potential of photobioreactors with an improved light source and CO2 input to increase biomass production and improve biochemical composition of algal feed. Two photobioreactor systems were compared: the current industry set up (DPI) comprising fluorescent lighting and minimal CO2 input versus an optimized system utilising LEDs and increased CO2. Cultures of T. lutea were monitored over a 12-day growth period and harvested on day 14 for biochemical analysis. Final cell density was significantly higher in the optimized system relative to the conventional culture systems (6.2 × 106 cells / mL versus 3.7 × 106 cells / mL, respectively). The biochemical profile of T. lutea was not significantly different between the two photobioreactors systems. The algal biomass produced during this comparative experiment was used in a feeding trial on oyster spat, Saccostrea glomerata. Spat fed with algae produced in optimized vs conventional photobioreactors showed no significant difference in growth, but oyster spat fed with T. lutea grown in optimized photobioreactors did show a significant increase in their EPA content. Overall, our results contribute to our understanding of how altered culture conditions affect microalgal production and biochemical composit...
Leong, HS, Watanabe, S, Kuzhiumparambil, U, Fong, CY, Moy, HY, Yao, YJ, Witting, PK & Fu, S 2021, 'Monitoring metabolism of synthetic cannabinoid 4F-MDMB-BINACA via high-resolution mass spectrometry assessed in cultured hepatoma cell line, fungus, liver microsomes and confirmed using urine samples', Forensic Toxicology, vol. 39, no. 1, pp. 198-212.
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Maire, J, Girvan, SK, Barkla, SE, Perez-Gonzalez, A, Suggett, DJ, Blackall, LL & van Oppen, MJH 2021, 'Correction to: Intracellular bacteria are common and taxonomically diverse in cultured and in hospite algal endosymbionts of coral reefs', The ISME Journal, vol. 15, no. 7, pp. 2168-2170. Maire, J, Girvan, SK, Barkla, SE, Perez-Gonzalez, A, Suggett, DJ, Blackall, LL & van Oppen, MJH 2021, 'Intracellular bacteria are common and taxonomically diverse in cultured and in hospite algal endosymbionts of coral reefs', The ISME Journal, vol. 15, no. 7, pp. 2028-2042. Malik, S, Shahid, A, Liu, C-G, Zafar Khan, A, Nawaz, MZ, Zhu, H & Mehmood, MA 2021, 'Developing fourth-generation biofuels secreting microbial cell factories for enhanced productivity and efficient product recovery; a review', Fuel, vol. 298, pp. 120858-120858. Fourth generation (4G) biofuels have been found compatible with engines, storage systems, and transport facilities. Due to advances in synthetic biology and genetic engineering tools, considerable progress has been made in producing 4G biofuels including high-carbon alcohols, long-chain hydrocarbons, terpenoids-based, and/or fatty-acid derived biofuels using Escherichia coli, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Pichia pastoris, Yarrowia lypolytica, and Zymomonas mobilis as microbial cellular factories. However, these microbial platforms face various challenges including low product titers, low product yields, difficult product recovery incurring intensive energy consumption, and discharge of large amounts of wastewater. All these issues make the production and recovery of these biofuels expensive and commercially non-competitive. However, various genetic manipulation approaches including overexpression of heat-shock proteins, enhanced production of precursor molecules, regulating redox-balance, and membrane engineering have been employed to cope with these challenges. This review discusses the progress made in the molecular approaches for the enhanced biosynthesis and easier recovery of these biofuels through employing the secreting microbial cell factories. Besides, based on the data published on membrane transporters in previous fifteen years, selected fungal and bacterial membrane efflux pumps are studied to evaluate their biofuel secretion potential as future targets to be employed in the biofuel secreting microbial cell factories to achieve commercial robustness in the future. Mandigo, AC, Yuan, W, Xu, K, Gallagher, P, Pang, A, Guan, YF, Shafi, AA, Thangavel, C, Sheehan, B, Bogdan, D, Paschalis, A, McCann, JJ, Laufer, TS, Gordon, N, Vasilevskaya, IA, Dylgjeri, E, Chand, SN, Schiewer, MJ, Domingo-Domenech, J, Den, RB, Holst, J, McCue, PA, de Bono, JS, McNair, C & Knudsen, KE 2021, 'RB/E2F1 as a Master Regulator of Cancer Cell Metabolism in Advanced Disease', Cancer Discovery, vol. 11, no. 9, pp. 2334-2353. Messer, LF, Brown, MV, Van Ruth, PD, Doubell, M & Seymour, JR 2021, 'Temperate southern Australian coastal waters are characterised by surprisingly high rates of nitrogen fixation and diversity of diazotrophs', PeerJ, vol. 9, pp. e10809-e10809. Metia, S, Nguyen, HAD & Ha, QP 2021, 'IoT-Enabled Wireless Sensor Networks for Air Pollution Monitoring with Extended Fractional-Order Kalman Filtering', Sensors, vol. 21, no. 16, pp. 5313-5313. Mote, S, Gupta, V, De, K, Nanajkar, M, Damare, SR & Ingole, B 2021, 'Bacterial diversity associated with a newly described bioeroding sponge, Cliona thomasi, from the coral reefs on the West Coast of India', Folia Microbiologica, vol. 66, no. 2, pp. 203-211. Nguyen, HD, Azzi, M, White, S, Salter, D, Trieu, T, Morgan, G, Rahman, M, Watt, S, Riley, M, Chang, LT-C, Barthelemy, X, Fuchs, D, Lieschke, K & Nguyen, H 2021, 'The Summer 2019–2020 Wildfires in East Coast Australia and Their Impacts on Air Quality and Health in New South Wales, Australia', International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, vol. 18, no. 7, pp. 3538-3538. Nguyen, HM, Bulleri, F, Marín-Guirao, L, Pernice, M & Procaccini, G 2021, 'Photo-physiology and morphology reveal divergent warming responses in northern and southern hemisphere seagrasses', Marine Biology, vol. 168, no. 8. Nguyen, HM, Ralph, PJ, Marín‐Guirao, L, Pernice, M & Procaccini, G 2021, 'Seagrasses in an era of ocean warming: a review', Biological Reviews, vol. 96, no. 5, pp. 2009-2030. Nguyen, LN, Vu, MT, Abu Hasan Johir, M, Pernice, M, Ngo, HH, Zdarta, J, Jesionowski, T & Nghiem, LD 2021, 'Promotion of direct interspecies electron transfer and potential impact of conductive materials in anaerobic digestion and its downstream processing - a critical review', Bioresource Technology, vol. 341, pp. 125847-125847. Nguyen, VK, King, WL, Siboni, N, Mahbub, KR, Rahman, MH, Jenkins, C, Dove, M, O'Connor, W, Seymour, JR & Labbate, M 2021, 'Dynamics of the Sydney rock oyster microbiota before and during a QX disease event', Aquaculture, vol. 541, pp. 736821-736821. The Sydney rock oyster (SRO; Saccostrea glomerata) is the most intensively farmed oyster species in Australia however, Queensland unknown (QX) disease has resulted in substantial losses and impeded productivity. QX disease is caused by infection with the parasite Marteilia sydneyi, and like other diseases, outbreaks are driven by a series of complex environmental and host factors such as seasonality, seawater salinity and oyster genetics. A potential but understudied factor in QX disease is the SRO microbiota, which we sought to examine before and during a QX disease outbreak. Using 16S rRNA (V1 – V3 region) amplicon sequencing, we examined the microbiota of SROs deployed in an estuary where QX disease occurs, with sampling conducted fortnightly over 22 weeks. Marteilia sydneyi was detected in the SROs by PCR (QX-positive), 16 weeks after the first sampling event and sporonts were observed in the digestive gland two weeks later on. There were no apparent patterns observed between the microbiota of QX-positive SROs with and without digestive gland sporonts however, the microbiota of QX-positive SROs was significantly different from those sampled prior to detection of M. sydneyi and from those negative for M. sydneyi post detection. As a result, shifts in microbiota structure occurred before sporulation in the digestive gland and either before or shortly after pathogen colonisation. The microbiota shifts associated with QX-positive oysters were principally driven by a relative abundance increase of operational taxonomic units (OTUs) assigned to unclassified species of the Borrelia and Candidatus Hepatoplasma genera and a relative abundance decrease in an OTU assigned to an unclassified species of the Mycoplasma genus. Since Mycoplasma species are common microbiota features of SROs and other oysters, we propose that there may be an important ecological link between Mycoplasma species and the health state of SROs. Olander, A, Lawson, CA, Possell, M, Raina, J-B, Ueland, M & Suggett, DJ 2021, 'Comparative volatilomics of coral endosymbionts from one- and comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography approaches', Marine Biology, vol. 168, no. 5, p. 76. Volatilomics, the examination of all biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOCs) emitted by an organism or system, holds potential as a novel screening tool for taxonomy, fitness, and ecological functioning. Volatilomics has been largely applied to terrestrial environments, but highly productive coastal marine systems, which are major sources of specific BVOCs, such as dimethyl sulfide, have been largely neglected. Volatilomic measurements are highly method-dependent, with different instrumentation impacting the diversity of identified BVOCs—therefore, understanding these biases is critical to reconcile studies. Here, we investigated BVOCs emitted by two species of coral endosymbiotic microalgae (Symbiodinium tridacnidorum and Durusdinium trenchii) using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) and comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography–time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GC × GC–TOFMS). Seven chemical classes were detected by both instruments, the most common being aromatic hydrocarbons. However, GC × GC resolved seven times more BVOCs than GC–MS (290 vs. 40), with a higher proportion of compounds tentatively identified (173 vs. 14). Notably, nine chemical classes were exclusively identified by GC × GC, including alkane, alkene, aldehyde, ester, and nitrile BVOCs—each potentially fulfilling undescribed functions in marine organisms. The microalgal species investigated shared a large proportion of BVOCs, and this result was consistent across instruments (97 and 98% shared compounds via GC × GC and GC–MS, respectively), suggesting consistent retrieval of general patterns between instruments. This method comparison is the first of its kind in marine systems and confirms the greater analytical power of GC × GC, required to help resolve complex BVOC emissions and the identification of their roles in marine systems. Padovan, A, Siboni, N, Kaestli, M, King, WL, Seymour, JR & Gibb, K 2021, 'Occurrence and dynamics of potentially pathogenic vibrios in the wet-dry tropics of northern Australia', Marine Environmental Research, vol. 169, pp. 105405-105405. Bacteria from the Vibrio genus are a ubiquitous component of coastal and estuarine ecosystems with several pathogenic Vibrio species displaying preferences for warm tropical waters. We studied the spatial and temporal abundance of three key human potential pathogens V. parahaemolyticus, V. cholerae and V. vulnificus in northern tropical Australia, over the wet and dry seasons, to identify environmental parameters influencing their abundance. Quantitative PCR (qPCR) analysis revealed that V. parahaemolyticus occurred more frequently and in higher abundance than V. cholerae and V. vulnificus across all locations examined. All three species were more abundant during the wet season, with V. parahaemolyticus abundance correlated to temperature and conductivity, whereas nutrient concentrations and turbidity best explained V. vulnificus abundance. In addition to these targeted qPCR analyses, we assessed the composition and dynamics of the entire Vibrio community using hsp60 amplicon sequencing. Using this approach, 42 Vibrio species were identified, including a number of other pathogenic species such as V. alginolyticus, V. mimicus and V. fluvialis. The Vibrio community was more diverse in the wet season, with temperature and dissolved oxygen as the key factors governing community composition. Seasonal differences were primarily driven by a greater abundance of V. parahaemolyticus and V. vulnificus during the wet season, while spatial differences were driven by different abundances of V. harveyi, V. campbellii, V. cholerae and V. navarrensis. When we related the abundance of Vibrio to other bacterial taxa, defined using 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing, V. parahaemolyticus was negatively correlated to several taxa, including members of the Rickettsiales and Saccharimonadales, while V. vulnificus was negatively correlated to Rhobacteriaceae and Cyanobiaceae. In contrast, V. alginolyticus, V. harveyi and V. mediterranei were all positively correlated to Cyanoba... Parker, LM, Scanes, E, O'Connor, WA & Ross, PM 2021, 'Transgenerational plasticity responses of oysters to ocean acidification differ with habitat', Journal of Experimental Biology, vol. 224, no. 12, p. jeb.239269. Polerecky, L, Masuda, T, Eichner, M, Rabouille, S, Vancová, M, Kienhuis, MVM, Bernát, G, Bonomi-Barufi, J, Campbell, DA, Claquin, P, Červený, J, Giordano, M, Kotabová, E, Kromkamp, J, Lombardi, AT, Lukeš, M, Prášil, O, Stephan, S, Suggett, D, Zavřel, T & Halsey, KH 2021, 'Temporal Patterns and Intra- and Inter-Cellular Variability in Carbon and Nitrogen Assimilation by the Unicellular Cyanobacterium Cyanothece sp. ATCC 51142', Frontiers in Microbiology, vol. 12, p. 620915. Rabouille, S, Campbell, DA, Masuda, T, Zavřel, T, Bernát, G, Polerecky, L, Halsey, K, Eichner, M, Kotabová, E, Stephan, S, Lukeš, M, Claquin, P, Bonomi-Barufi, J, Lombardi, AT, Červený, J, Suggett, DJ, Giordano, M, Kromkamp, JC & Prášil, O 2021, 'Electron & Biomass Dynamics of Cyanothece Under Interacting Nitrogen & Carbon Limitations', Frontiers in Microbiology, vol. 12, pp. 1-21. Rädecker, N, Pogoreutz, C, Gegner, HM, Cárdenas, A, Roth, F, Bougoure, J, Guagliardo, P, Wild, C, Pernice, M, Raina, J-B, Meibom, A & Voolstra, CR 2021, 'Heat stress destabilizes symbiotic nutrient cycling in corals', Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, vol. 118, no. 5, pp. e2022653118-e2022653118. Radfar, P, Bazaz, SR, Mirakhorli, F & Warkiani, ME 2021, 'The Role of 3D Printing in the Fight Against Covid-19 Outbreak', Journal of 3D Printing in Medicine, vol. 5, no. 1, pp. 51-60. Raes, EJ, Karsh, K, Sow, SLS, Ostrowski, M, Brown, MV, van de Kamp, J, Franco-Santos, RM, Bodrossy, L & Waite, AM 2021, 'Metabolic pathways inferred from a bacterial marker gene illuminate ecological changes across South Pacific frontal boundaries', Nature Communications, vol. 12, no. 1, pp. 11-12. Ros, M, Suggett, DJ, Edmondson, J, Haydon, T, Hughes, DJ, Kim, M, Guagliardo, P, Bougoure, J, Pernice, M, Raina, J-B & Camp, EF 2021, 'Symbiont shuffling across environmental gradients aligns with changes in carbon uptake and translocation in the reef-building coral Pocillopora acuta', Coral Reefs, vol. 40, no. 2, pp. 595-607. Rosset, SL, Oakley, CA, Ferrier-Pagès, C, Suggett, DJ, Weis, VM & Davy, SK 2021, 'The Molecular Language of the Cnidarian–Dinoflagellate Symbiosis', Trends in Microbiology, vol. 29, no. 4, pp. 320-333. The cnidarian-dinoflagellate symbiosis is of huge importance as it underpins the success of coral reefs, yet we know very little about how the host cnidarian and its dinoflagellate endosymbionts communicate with each other to form a functionally integrated unit. Here, we review the current knowledge of interpartner molecular signaling in this symbiosis, with an emphasis on lipids, glycans, reactive species, biogenic volatiles, and noncoding RNA. We draw upon evidence of these compounds from recent omics-based studies of cnidarian-dinoflagellate symbiosis and discuss the signaling roles that they play in other, better-studied symbioses. We then consider how improved knowledge of interpartner signaling might be used to develop solutions to the coral reef crisis by, for example, engineering more thermally resistant corals. Rouhi, O, Razavi Bazaz, S, Niazmand, H, Mirakhorli, F, Mas-hafi, S, A. Amiri, H, Miansari, M & Ebrahimi Warkiani, M 2021, 'Numerical and Experimental Study of Cross-Sectional Effects on the Mixing Performance of the Spiral Microfluidics', Micromachines, vol. 12, no. 12, pp. 1470-1470. Rouzé, H, Galand, PE, Medina, M, Bongaerts, P, Pichon, M, Pérez-Rosales, G, Torda, G, Moya, A, Bardout, G, Périé-Bardout, E, Marivint, E, Lagarrigue, G, Leblond, J, Gazzola, F, Pujolle, S, Mollon, N, Mittau, A, Fauchet, J, Paulme, N, Pete, R, Peyrusse, K, Ferucci, A, Magnan, A, Horlaville, M, Breton, C, Gouin, M, Markocic, T, Jubert, I, Herrmann, P, Raina, J-B & Hédouin, L 2021, 'Symbiotic associations of the deepest recorded photosynthetic scleractinian coral (172 m depth)', The ISME Journal, vol. 15, no. 5, pp. 1564-1568. Scanes, E, Parker, LM, Seymour, JR, Siboni, N, Dove, MC, O’Connor, WA & Ross, PM 2021, 'Microbiomes of an oyster are shaped by metabolism and environment', Scientific Reports, vol. 11, no. 1. Scanes, E, Parker, LM, Seymour, JR, Siboni, N, King, WL, Danckert, NP, Wegner, KM, Dove, MC, O'Connor, WA & Ross, PM 2021, 'Climate change alters the haemolymph microbiome of oysters', Marine Pollution Bulletin, vol. 164, pp. 111991-111991. The wellbeing of marine organisms is connected to their microbiome. Oysters are a vital food source and provide ecological services, yet little is known about how climate change such as ocean acidification and warming will affect their microbiome. We exposed the Sydney rock oyster, Saccostrea glomerata, to orthogonal combinations of temperature (24, 28 °C) and pCO2 (400 and 1000 μatm) for eight weeks and used amplicon sequencing of the 16S rRNA (V3-V4) gene to characterise the bacterial community in haemolymph. Overall, elevated pCO2 and temperature interacted to alter the microbiome of oysters, with a clear partitioning of treatments in CAP ordinations. Elevated pCO2 was the strongest driver of species diversity and richness and elevated temperature also increased species richness. Climate change, both ocean acidification and warming, will alter the microbiome of S. glomerata which may increase the susceptibility of oysters to disease. Scanes, E, Parker, LM, Seymour, JR, Siboni, N, King, WL, Wegner, KM, Dove, MC, O'Connor, WA & Ross, PM 2021, 'Microbiome response differs among selected lines of Sydney rock oysters to ocean warming and acidification', FEMS Microbiology Ecology, vol. 97, no. 8, pp. 1-13. Schuback, N, Tortell, PD, Berman-Frank, I, Campbell, DA, Ciotti, A, Courtecuisse, E, Erickson, ZK, Fujiki, T, Halsey, K, Hickman, AE, Huot, Y, Gorbunov, MY, Hughes, DJ, Kolber, ZS, Moore, CM, Oxborough, K, Prášil, O, Robinson, CM, Ryan-Keogh, TJ, Silsbe, G, Simis, S, Suggett, DJ, Thomalla, S & Varkey, DR 2021, 'Single-Turnover Variable Chlorophyll Fluorescence as a Tool for Assessing Phytoplankton Photosynthesis and Primary Productivity: Opportunities, Caveats and Recommendations', Frontiers in Marine Science, vol. 8, pp. 1-24. Sezginer, Y, Suggett, DJ, Izett, RW & Tortell, PD 2021, 'Irradiance and nutrient-dependent effects on photosynthetic electron transport in Arctic phytoplankton: A comparison of two chlorophyll fluorescence-based approaches to derive primary photochemistry', PLOS ONE, vol. 16, no. 12, pp. e0256410-e0256410. Shahid, A, Khan, AZ, Malik, S, Liu, C-G, Mehmood, MA, Syafiuddin, A, Wang, N, Zhu, H & Boopathy, R 2021, 'Advances in Green Technologies for the Removal of Effluent Organic Matter from the Urban Wastewater', Current Pollution Reports, vol. 7, no. 4, pp. 463-475. Purpose of Review: Effluent organic matter (EfOM) is a blend of organic matter, microbial constituents, biological metabolites, and synthetic chemicals which is originated mainly due to anthropogenic activities and is a matter of emerging environmental concern. The presence of EfOM poses a major challenge in the wastewater treatment processes. This review is aimed to assess the recent progress in developing innovative green approaches for the biotransformation of EfOM into ecofriendly products which is vital to attain the “zero-waste” paradigm to achieve wastewater reclamation and environmental sustainability under the umbrella of circular bioeconomy. Recent Findings: Characteristics of EfOM and its impact on wastewater treatment processes have been evaluated. The potential and shortcomings of the traditional, advanced, and biological approaches for the EfOM removal have been described. Recent strategies which are based on the combination of two or more of these technologies (hybrid systems) have been discussed to address the challenges/shortcomings of the standalone technologies and to improve the process efficiency. Microalgae and cyanobacteria-based removal of EfOM along with its subsequent utilization as a soil amender is proposed as a novel trend in the future. Summary: Assessment of the previously employed technologies provided an insight into their working mechanisms which have suggested several improvements in the processes. Besides, hybrid systems could be an ecofriendly removal of EfOM via biosorption. Shahid, A, Malik, S, Liu, C-G, Musharraf, SG, Siddiqui, AJ, Khan, F, Tarbiah, NI, Gull, M, Rashid, U & Mehmood, MA 2021, 'Characterization of a newly isolated cyanobacterium Plectonema terebrans for biotransformation of the wastewater-derived nutrients to biofuel and high-value bioproducts', Journal of Water Process Engineering, vol. 39, pp. 101702-101702. Cultivating photosynthetic microbes in city wastewater may help to achieve environmental sustainability owing to concomitant pollutant removal, biological transformation of the nutrients into bioproducts, and atmospheric carbon fixation. Cyanobacteria are the most efficient photosynthetic fixers of atmospheric carbon along with the microalgae. The present study was focused on optimizing the growth conditions for a newly isolated filamentous cyanobacterium Plectonema terebrans BERC10 to achieve enhanced biomass and metabolite productivity for a multiproduct biorefinery using various compositions of synthetic wastewaters. Higher biomass productivity of 140 mg L−1 d−1 (dried mass) with CO2 sequestration rate of 250 mg L−1 day−1 was achieved by mimicking the summer (32 ± 2 °C) cultivation conditions, which was further favored by the wastewater-derived alkalinity (pH 10.0–11.0). The biomass produced was rich in carbohydrates and lipids, having 58.68 mgg−1d−1 and 39.25 mgg−1d−1 of carbohydrate and lipid productivities, respectively. While winter cultivation conditions (22 ± 2 °C) favored higher protein productivity (34.49 mgg−1d−1) when compared to summer conditions. Additionally, in response to excessive nutrients and alkalinity (pH 10.0), it produced 180-198 mgg-1 of phycobilins. Considering the multiproduct concept, the phycobilins were extracted and lipids from the residual biomass were converted to biodiesel and analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC–MS). Intrestingly, phycobilin extraction had no negative impact on the quality and content of the biodiesel in the residual biomass. These features make the Plectonema terebrans BERC10 a promising candidate for the biological transformation of wastewater derived nutrients to biofuels and bioproducts. Shahid, A, Usman, M, Atta, Z, Musharraf, SG, Malik, S, Elkamel, A, Shahid, M, Abdulhamid Alkhattabi, N, Gull, M & Mehmood, MA 2021, 'Impact of wastewater cultivation on pollutant removal, biomass production, metabolite biosynthesis, and carbon dioxide fixation of newly isolated cyanobacteria in a multiproduct biorefinery paradigm', Bioresource Technology, vol. 333, pp. 125194-125194. The impact of wastewater cultivation was studied on pollutant removal, biomass production, and biosynthesis of high-value metabolites by newly isolated cyanobacteria namely Acaryochloris marina BERC03, Oscillatoria sp. BERC04, and Pleurocapsa sp. BERC06. During cultivation in urabn wastewater, its pH used to adjust from pH 8.0 to 11, offering contamination-free cultivation, and flotation-based easy harvesting. Besides, wastewater cultivation improved biomass production by 1.3-fold when compared to control along with 3.54-4.2 gL-1 of CO2 fixation, concomitantly removing suspended organic matter, total nitrogen, and phosphorus by 100%, 53%, and 88%, respectively. Biomass accumulated 26-36% carbohydrates, 15-28% proteins, 38-43% lipids, and 6.3-9.5% phycobilins, where phycobilin yield was improved by 1.6-fold when compared to control. Lipids extracted from the pigment-free biomass were trans-esterified to biodiesel where pigment extraction showed no negative impact on quality of the biodiesel. These strains demonstrated the potential to become feedstock of an integrated biorefinery using urban wastewater as low-cost growth media. Songsomboon, K, Brenton, Z, Heuser, J, Kresovich, S, Shakoor, N, Mockler, T & Cooper, EA 2021, 'Genomic patterns of structural variation among diverse genotypes of Sorghum bicolor and a potential role for deletions in local adaptation', G3 Genes|Genomes|Genetics, vol. 11, no. 7. Supasri, K, Kumar, M, Mathew, M, Signal, B, Padula, M, Suggett, D & Ralph, P 2021, 'Evaluation of Filter, Paramagnetic, and STAGETips Aided Workflows for Proteome Profiling of Symbiodiniaceae Dinoflagellate', Processes, vol. 9, no. 6, pp. 983-983. Supasri, KM, Kumar, M, Segečová, A, McCauley, JI, Herdean, A, Padula, MP, O’Meara, T & Ralph, PJ 2021, 'Characterisation and Bioactivity Analysis of Peridinin-Chlorophyll a-Protein (PCP) Isolated from Symbiodinium tridacnidorum CS-73', Journal of Marine Science and Engineering, vol. 9, no. 12, pp. 1387-1387. Sutherland, DL & Ralph, PJ 2021, 'Differing growth responses in four related microalgal genera grown under autotrophic, mixotrophic and heterotrophic conditions', Journal of Applied Phycology, vol. 33, no. 6, pp. 3539-3553. Sutherland, DL & Ralph, PJ 2021, 'Productivity and community response along an ammonia gradient in cultured wild marine microalgae, using wastewater-derived nutrients for cost-effective feedstock production', Journal of Applied Phycology, vol. 33, no. 5, pp. 2933-2945. Sutherland, DL & Ralph, PJ 2021, 'Shortening hydraulic retention time through effluent recycling: impacts on wastewater treatment and biomass production in microalgal treatment systems', Journal of Applied Phycology, vol. 33, no. 6, pp. 3873-3884. Sutherland, DL, Burke, J & Ralph, PJ 2021, 'High-throughput screening for heterotrophic growth in microalgae using the Biolog Plate assay', New Biotechnology, vol. 65, pp. 61-68. Sutherland, DL, Burke, J & Ralph, PJ 2021, 'Trade-offs between effluent quality and ammonia volatilisation with CO2 augmented microalgal treatment of anaerobically digested food-waste centrate', Journal of Environmental Management, vol. 277, pp. 111398-111398. Diversion of food waste from landfill disposal to waste-to-energy facilities has become both an environmentally and economically viable option to support the circular bioeconomy. However, the liquid centrate produced during anaerobic digestion is high in total ammonia, with concentrations ~2000 g m-3, and can release gaseous emissions, including ammonia, methane, CO2 and nitrous oxide, to the atmosphere. Further treatment is required before discharge to sewer, or to the environment. Microalgal wastewater treatment systems augmented with CO2 offer a promising and cost-effective treatment solution for reducing both total ammonia concentrations and ammonia volatilisation. In this study, we investigate the effects of augmenting CO2 on nutrient removal and specifically nitrogen losses, as well as biomass productivity under two difference hydraulic retention times (HRT). Both CO2 addition and HRT affect nitrogen losses, with the percentage removal of total ammonia significantly lower (p < 0.01) when CO2 was added to the treatments, while increased HRT significantly increased (p < 0.05) total ammonia percentage removal. Total nitrogen budgets showed significantly lower (p < 0.01) abiotic nitrogen losses from the system when CO2 was added to the culture but at the expense of effluent quality. Both total suspended solids and volatile suspended solids significantly increased (p < 0.01) under longer HRT (8 days), with CO2 addition, while chlorophyll-a biomass significantly increased (p < 0.01) on longer HRT, regardless of CO2 addition. These results demonstrate that, while CO2 augmentation helped to mitigate ammonia losses to atmosphere, the trade-off was poorer effluent quality. Coupling CO2 augmentation with longer HRT increased biomass production and nutrient removal efficiency. This study provides an insight into how simple operational changes can alleviate some of the trade-offs between atmospheric losses and effluent quality. However, in order to manage the trade-off ... Sutherland, DL, McCauley, J, Labeeuw, L, Ray, P, Kuzhiumparambil, U, Hall, C, Doblin, M, Nguyen, LN & Ralph, PJ 2021, 'How microalgal biotechnology can assist with the UN Sustainable Development Goals for natural resource management', Current Research in Environmental Sustainability, vol. 3, pp. 100050-100050. Sutherland, DL, Park, J, Ralph, PJ & Craggs, R 2021, 'Ammonia, pH and dissolved inorganic carbon supply drive whole pond metabolism in full-scale wastewater high rate algal ponds', Algal Research, vol. 58, pp. 102405-102405. Vardi, T, Hoot, WC, Levy, J, Shaver, E, Winters, RS, Banaszak, AT, Baums, IB, Chamberland, VF, Cook, N, Gulko, D, Hein, MY, Kaufman, L, Loewe, M, Lundgren, P, Lustic, C, MacGowan, P, Matz, MV, McGonigle, M, McLeod, I, Moore, J, Moore, T, Pivard, S, Pollock, FJ, Rinkevich, B, Suggett, DJ, Suleiman, S, Viehman, TS, Villalobos, T, Weis, VM, Wolke, C & Montoya‐Maya, PH 2021, 'Six priorities to advance the science and practice of coral reef restoration worldwide', Restoration Ecology, vol. 29, no. 8. Vo, HNP, Ngo, HH, Guo, W, Nguyen, KH, Chang, SW, Nguyen, DD, Cheng, D, Bui, XT, Liu, Y & Zhang, X 2021, 'Effect of calcium peroxide pretreatment on the remediation of sulfonamide antibiotics (SMs) by Chlorella sp.', Science of The Total Environment, vol. 793, pp. 148598-148598. This study investigated the effect of CaO2 pretreatment on sulfonamide antibiotics (SMs) remediation by Chlorella sp. Results showed that a CaO2 dose ranging from 0.05 to 0.1 g/g biomass was the best and led to higher SMs removal efficacy 5-10% higher than the control. The contributions made by cometabolism and CaO2 in SMs remediation were very similar. Bioassimilation could remove 24% of sulfadiazine (SDZ) and sulfamethazine (SMZ), and accounted for 38% of sulfamethoxazole (SMX) remediation. Pretreatment by CaO2 wielded a positive effect on microalgae. The extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) level of the CaO2 pretreatment microalgae was three times higher when subjected to non-pretreatment. For the long-term, pretreatment microalgae removed SMs 10-20% more than the non-pretreatment microalgae. Protein fractions of EPS in continuous operation produced up to 90 mg/L for cometabolism. For bioassimilation, SMX intensity of the pretreatment samples was 160-fold less than the non-treatment one. It indicated the CaO2 pretreatment has enhanced the biochemical function of the intracellular environment of microalgae. Peroxidase enzyme involved positively in the cometabolism and degradation of SMs to several metabolites including ring cleavage, hydroxylation and pterin-related conjugation. Voolstra, CR, Quigley, KM, Davies, SW, Parkinson, JE, Peixoto, RS, Aranda, M, Baker, AC, Barno, AR, Barshis, DJ, Benzoni, F, Bonito, V, Bourne, DG, Buitrago-López, C, Bridge, TCL, Chan, CX, Combosch, DJ, Craggs, J, Frommlet, JC, Herrera, S, Quattrini, AM, Röthig, T, Reimer, JD, Rubio-Portillo, E, Suggett, DJ, Villela, H, Ziegler, M & Sweet, M 2021, 'Consensus Guidelines for Advancing Coral Holobiont Genome and Specimen Voucher Deposition', Frontiers in Marine Science, vol. 8, pp. 1-12. Voolstra, CR, Suggett, DJ, Peixoto, RS, Parkinson, JE, Quigley, KM, Silveira, CB, Sweet, M, Muller, EM, Barshis, DJ, Bourne, DG & Aranda, M 2021, 'Extending the natural adaptive capacity of coral holobionts', Nature Reviews Earth & Environment, vol. 2, no. 11, pp. 747-762. Anthropogenic climate change and environmental degradation destroy coral reefs, the ecosystem services they provide, and the livelihoods of close to a billion people who depend on these services. Restoration approaches to increase the resilience of corals are therefore necessary to counter environmental pressures relevant to climate change projections. In this Review, we examine the natural processes that can increase the adaptive capacity of coral holobionts, with the aim of preserving ecosystem functioning under future ocean conditions. Current approaches that centre around restoring reef cover can be integrated with emerging approaches to enhance coral stress resilience and, thereby, allow reefs to regrow under a new set of environmental conditions. Emerging approaches such as standardized acute thermal stress assays, selective sexual propagation, coral probiotics, and environmental hardening could be feasible and scalable in the real world. However, they must follow decision-making criteria that consider the different reef, environmental, and ecological conditions. The implementation of adaptive interventions tailored around nature-based solutions will require standardized frameworks, appropriate ecological risk–benefit assessments, and analytical routines for consistent and effective utilization and global coordination. Vu, HP, Nguyen, LN, Emmerton, B, Wang, Q, Ralph, PJ & Nghiem, LD 2021, 'Factors governing microalgae harvesting efficiency by flocculation using cationic polymers', Bioresource Technology, vol. 340, pp. 125669-125669. This study aims to elucidate the mechanisms governing the harvesting efficiency of Chlorella vulgaris by flocculation using a cationic polymer. Flocculation efficiency increased as microalgae culture matured (i.e. 35-45, 75, and > 97% efficiency at early, late exponential, and stationary phase, respectively. Unlike the negative impact of phosphate on flocculation in traditional wastewater treatment; here, phosphorous residue did not influence the flocculation efficiency of C. vulgaris. The observed dependency of flocculation efficiency on growth phase was driven by changes in microalgal cell properties. Microalgal extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) in both bound and free forms at stationary phase were two and three times higher than those at late and early exponential phase, respectively. Microalgae cells also became more negatively charged as they matured. Negatively charged and high EPS content together with the addition of high molecular weight and positively charged polymer could facilitate effective flocculation via charge neutralisation and bridging. Vu, HP, Nguyen, LN, Vu, MT, Labeeuw, L, Emmerton, B, Commault, AS, Ralph, PJ, Mahlia, TMI & Nghiem, LD 2021, 'Harvesting Porphyridium purpureum using polyacrylamide polymers and alkaline bases and their impact on biomass quality', Science of The Total Environment, vol. 755, no. Pt 1, pp. 142412-142412. This study aims to examine the flocculation efficiency of Porphyridium purpureum (i.e. a red marine microalga with high content of pigments and fatty acids) grown in seawater medium using polyacrylamide polymers and alkaline flocculation. Polymers Flopam™ and FO3801 achieved the highest flocculation efficiency of over 99% at the optimal dose of 21 mg per g of dry biomass through charge neutralisation and bridging mechanism. The addition of sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, and sodium carbonate also achieved flocculation efficiency of 98 and 91%, respectively, but high doses were required (i.e. > 500 mg per g of dry biomass). Calcium hydroxide was not as effective and could only achieve 75% flocculation efficiency. Precipitation of magnesium hydroxide was identified as the major cause of hydroxide-induced flocculation. On the other hand, sodium carbonate addition induced flocculation via both magnesium and calcium carbonate co-precipitation. The large mass of precipitates caused a sweeping effect and enmeshed the microalgal cells to trigger sedimentation. Cell membrane integrity analysis of flocculated P. purpureum indicated that polyacrylamide polymers led to significant compromised cells (i.e. 96%), compared to the alkaline bases (70-96% compromised cells). These results appear to be the first to demonstrate the high efficiency of polyacrylamide polymer and alkaline flocculation of P. purpureum but at the expense of the biomass quality. Walworth, NG, Hinners, J, Argyle, PA, Leles, SG, Doblin, MA, Collins, S & Levine, NM 2021, 'The evolution of trait correlations constrains phenotypic adaptation to high CO2in a eukaryotic alga', Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, vol. 288, no. 1953, pp. 1-9. Wang, Q, Guan, YF, Hancock, SE, Wahi, K, van Geldermalsen, M, Zhang, BK, Pang, A, Nagarajah, R, Mak, B, Freidman, N, Horvath, LG, Turner, N & Holst, J 2021, 'Inhibition of guanosine monophosphate synthetase ( Windhagauer, M, Abbriano, RM, Ashworth, J, Barolo, L, Jaramillo-Madrid, AC, Pernice, M & Doblin, MA 2021, 'Characterisation of novel regulatory sequences compatible with modular assembly in the diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum', Algal Research, vol. 53, pp. 102159-102159. Yan, J, Kuzhiumparambil, U, Bandodkar, A, Bandodkar, S, Dale, RC & Fu, S 2021, 'Cerebrospinal fluid metabolites in tryptophan‐kynurenine and nitric oxide pathways: biomarkers for acute neuroinflammation', Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology, vol. 63, no. 5, pp. 552-559. Yan, J, Kuzhiumparambil, U, Bandodkar, S, Dale, RC & Fu, S 2021, 'Cerebrospinal fluid metabolomics: detection of neuroinflammation in human central nervous system disease', Clinical & Translational Immunology, vol. 10, no. 8. Ying, L, Sinutok, S, Pramneechote, P, Aiyarak, P, Ralph, PJ & Chotikarn, P 2021, 'Physiological Responses of Pocillopora acuta and Porites lutea Under Plastic and Fishing Net Stress', Frontiers in Marine Science, vol. 8, pp. 1-13. Zavafer, A, Bates, H, Labeeuw, L, Kofler, JR & Ralph, PJ 2021, 'Normalized chlorophyll fluorescence imaging: A method to determine irradiance and photosynthetically active radiation in phytoplankton cultures', Algal Research, vol. 56, pp. 102309-102309. Zavřel, T, Schoffman, H, Lukeš, M, Fedorko, J, Keren, N & Červený, J 2021, 'Monitoring fitness and productivity in cyanobacteria batch cultures', Algal Research, vol. 56, pp. 102328-102328. Ziegler, M, Anton, A, Klein, SG, Rädecker, N, Geraldi, NR, Schmidt‐Roach, S, Saderne, V, Mumby, PJ, Cziesielski, MJ, Martin, C, Frölicher, TL, Pandolfi, JM, Suggett, DJ, Aranda, M, Duarte, CM & Voolstra, CR 2021, 'Integrating environmental variability to broaden the research on coral responses to future ocean conditions', Global Change Biology, vol. 27, no. 21, pp. 5532-5546.
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Reports
Seymour, J, Williams, N & Siboni, N Department of Planning, Industry and Environment 2021, Microbial source tracking to assess water quality in Central coast Lagoons, NSW.
Other
Ajani, P, Burke, J, Davies, C, Eriksen, R, Larsson, M, Neilsen, D, Petrou, K, Richardson, A & Murray, S 2021, 'TRENDS WITH BENEFITS? PHYTOPLANKTON DYNAMICS UNDER CLIMATE CHANGE AT A LONG TERM PACIFIC OCEAN STATION', TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD, pp. 103-103.
Brunet, M, Duff, NL, Barbeyron, T & Thomas, F 2021, 'Metabolic strategies of sharing pioneer bacteria mediating fresh macroalgae breakdown', Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory.
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Herdean, A 2021, 'Action Spectra protocol for Opentrons OT-1 liquid handling robot v1', Springer Science and Business Media LLC.
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Hughes, DJ, Crosswell, JR, Doblin, MA, Oxborough, K, Ralph, PJ, Varkey, D & Suggett, DJ 2021, 'Dynamic variability of the phytoplankton electron requirement for carbon fixation in eastern Australian waters'.
Lewis, B, Suggett, D, Prentis, P & Nothdurft, L 2021, 'Revealing the Systematic Nature of Coral Attachment to Reef Substrates', Research Square Platform LLC.
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Madin, JS, McWilliam, M, Quigley, K, Bay, LK, Bellwood, D, Doropoulos, C, Fernandes, L, Harrison, P, Hoey, AS, Mumby, PJ, Ortiz, JC, Richards, ZT, Riginos, C, Schiettekatte, N, Suggett, DJ & van Oppen, MJH 2021, 'Selecting coral species for reef restoration', Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory.
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McKerral, JC, Seymour, JR, Lavery, TJ, Rogers, PJ, Jeffries, TC, Paterson, JS, Roudnew, B, Huveneers, C, Newton, K, van Dongen-Vogels, V, Cribb, NP, Winn, KM, Smith, RJ, Beckmann, CL, Prime, E, Charlton, CM, Kleshnina, M, Grigson, SR, Takeuchi, M, Seuront, L & Mitchell, JG 2021, 'Synergetic impacts of turbulence and fishing reduce ocean biomass', Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory.
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Nguyen, HD, Azzi, M, White, S, Salter, D, Trieu, T, Morgan, G, Rahman, M, Watt, S, Riley, M, Tzu-Chi Cnang, L, Barthelemy, X, Fuchs, D, Lieschke, K & Nguyen, H 2021, 'The Summer 2019-2020 Wildfires in East Coast Australia and Their Impacts on Air Quality and Health in New South Wales, Australia', MDPI AG.
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Sezginer, Y, Suggett, DJ, Izett, RW & Tortell, PD 2021, 'Chlorophyll fluorescence-based estimates of photosynthetic electron transport in Arctic phytoplankton assemblages', Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory.
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UTS acknowledges the Gadigal people of the Eora Nation, the Boorooberongal people of the Dharug Nation, the Bidiagal people and the Gamaygal people, upon whose ancestral lands our university stands. We would also like to pay respect to the Elders both past and present, acknowledging them as the traditional custodians of knowledge for these lands.
