Bird, TS 1988, 'Admittance of rectangular waveguide radiating from a conducting cylinder', IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, vol. 36, no. 9, pp. 1217-1220.
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Collins, GA, Durance, G, Hogg, GR, Tendys, J & Watterson, PA 1988, 'Small aspect ratio tokamak configurations generated by rotating magnetic field current drive', Nuclear Fusion, vol. 28, no. 2, pp. 255-266.
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Small aspect ratio tokamak configurations are produced by adding a toroidal magnetic field to the rotamak. Configurations with toroidal fields ranging up to 200 G at the magnetic axis are studied. Typical parameters are Itor 2 kA, Bpoi 50 G, q0 1-3, ne (peak) 1019 m-3Te 12 eV, τp 15 μs and τe 5μs for an RF input power of 40 kW. Most features of these configurations can be modelled by an MHD equilibrium code. The presence of the toroidal field is observed to have a significant influence on the rotating magnetic field current drive mechanism. © 1988 IOP Publishing Ltd.
Esselle, KPAP & Stuchly, SS 1988, 'Capacitive sensors for in-vivo measurements of the dielectric properties of biological materials', IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement, vol. 37, no. 1, pp. 101-105.
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Hadgraft, RG & Daniell, TM 1988, 'Computers in hydrology - past, present and future', Civil engineering transactions, vol. CE30, no. 4, pp. 207-223.
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Hydrology has developed as a numerically intensive branch of science/engineering. The developments in hardware over the last 30 years, and the parallel developments in computer software are discussed. The effects of this computer revolution on the development of software and modelling in hydrology are examined. This paper also reviews some of the hardware and software issues that are important when developing new software. Some implications for engineering education in computing are discussed. The issues that are relevant today, and a guess at those that might emerge in the future in the use of computers in hydrology are considered.
Kumar, VR & Waldron, KJ 1988, 'Force distribution in closed kinematic chains', IEEE Journal on Robotics and Automation, vol. 4, no. 6, pp. 657-664.
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NA
Madsen, NK & Ziolkowski, RW 1988, 'Numerical solution of Maxwell's equations in the time domain using irregular nonorthogonal grids', Wave Motion, vol. 10, no. 6, pp. 583-596.
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MIYANAGA, Y, NAGAI, N & MIKI, N 1988, 'IDENTIFICATION OF SPEECH PRODUCTION-MODEL WITH PARSIMONIOUS ARMA PARAMETERS', RAIRO-AUTOMATIQUE-PRODUCTIQUE INFORMATIQUE INDUSTRIELLE-AUTOMATIC CONTROL PRODUCTION SYSTEMS, vol. 22, no. 3, pp. 313-335.
Morse, EC & Ziolkowski, RW 1988, 'Transient microwave heating of compact toroidal plasmas', Fusion Technology, vol. 14, no. 3, pp. 1325-1333.
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A heating scheme using radio-frequency (rf) power to heat a compact torodial plasma to kilovolt temperatures using lower hybrid heating is proposed. The scheme requires the use of high-power pulsed klystrons. The experimental design is shown with the details of the rf power system and of the coupling antenna array. The so-called 'radiation barrier' formed by the presence of oxygen and carbon impurities may be crossed by this type of pulsed heating source. The general atomic physics of this heating phase is described, with particular emphasis on the non-local thermodynamic equilibrium effects involved in the line and recombination impurity radiation. A survey of nonlinear parametric coupling effects is also given.
OWENS, DR, VOLUND, A, JONES, D, SHANNON, AG, JONES, IR, BIRTWELL, AJ, LUZIO, S, WILLIAMS, S, DOLBEN, J, CREAGH, FN & PETERS, JR 1988, 'RETINOPATHY IN NEWLY PRESENTING NON-INSULIN-DEPENDENT (TYPE-2) DIABETIC-PATIENTS', DIABETES RESEARCH CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL, vol. 9, no. 2, pp. 59-65.
Pandy, MG, Kumar, V, Berme, N & Waldron, KJ 1988, 'The Dynamics of Quadrupedal Locomotion', Journal of Biomechanical Engineering, vol. 110, no. 3, pp. 230-237.
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This paper presents a dynamical analysis of quadrupedal locomotion, with specific reference to an adult Nubian goat. Measurements of ground reaction forces and limb motion are used to assess variations in intersegmental forces, joint moments, and instantaneous power for three discernible gaits: walking, running, and jumping. In each case, inertial effects of the torso are shown to dominate to the extent that lower-extremity contributions may be considered negligible. Footforces generated by the forelimbs exceed those exerted by the hindlimbs; and, in general, ground reactions increase with speed. The shoulder and hip dominate mechanical energy production during walking, while the knee plays a more significant role in running. In both cases, however, the elbow absorbs energy, and by so doing functions primarily as a damping (control) element. As opposed to either walking or running, jumping requires total horizontal retardation of the body’s center of mass. In this instance, generating the necessary vertical thrust amounts to energy absorption at all joints of the lower extremities.
Poulton, GT & Bird, TS 1988, 'Earth-station antennas for multiple satellite access', Journal of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Australia, vol. 8, no. 3, pp. 168-176.
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Antenna configurations are surveyed for simultaneously accessing a number of stellites from a single earth station. Both specially designed antennas and methods for upgrading existing antennas are discussed. A general treatment is presented, although emphasis is placed on the AUSSAT system of three satellites spaced at 4°. Results indicate that in this case specially designed multiple-access antennas are possible up to the largest antenna diameters needed. However, the upgrading of existing earth stations may be limited to reflectors of <5 m in diameter, even when sophisticated feed designs are used.
Sananikone, V & Ball, JE 1988, 'A water management model to assess available water resources in a multi reservoir system.'.
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The capability and potential uses of a water management model suitable for multi reservoir water resource investigations, is described. Using historical rainfall data, the expected irrigation demand, and the catchment and reservoir characteristics, the model described produces the monthly storage behaviour, overflows and water levels in the reservoir system. An application of this model to the proposed Norwest development is also presented.
Sananikone, V & Ball, JE 1988, 'A water management model to assess available water resources in a multi reservoir system.'.
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The capability and potential uses of a water management model suitable for multi reservoir water resource investigations, is described. Using historical rainfall data, the expected irrigation demand, and the catchment and reservoir characteristics, the model described produces the monthly storage behaviour, overflows and water levels in the reservoir system. An application of this model to the proposed Norwest development is also presented.
Stewart, MG & Melchers, RE 1988, 'Simulation of human error in a design loading task', Structural Safety, vol. 5, no. 4, pp. 285-297.
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Given that human error, particularly in design, causes a significant proportion of structural failures, it is of interest to develop a design task model that simulates the effect of human error in design. The development and analysis of a model for a typical design task (loading calculations for sizing a steel portal frame building) are described in the present paper. It is shown that human error in design loading calculations leads to a loss of structural safety. A comparison of the results of the design task model with available survey data for the same task suggests that such models can realistically represent the effect of human error on the modelled process. © 1988.
Vigneswaran, S & Kiat, WY 1988, 'Detailed investigation of effects of operating parameters of ultrafiltration using laboratory-scale ultrafiltration unit', Desalination, vol. 70, no. 1-3, pp. 299-316.
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Cross flow ultrafiltration is a pressure driven membrane process in which the fluid to be filtered flows parallel to the membrane surface. The formation of filter cake can be reduced by scouring force of the flow, thus better permeate rate is obtained. Laboratory-scale ultrafiltration experiments with Polyvinyl Alcohol (PVA) solution of known molecular weight was carried out to study the membrane filter performances with respect to operating parameters. These operating parameters included, membrane molecular weight cut off size, molecular weight of PVA, influent concentration, cross flow velocity and applied pressure. It was discovered that clogging in the membrane occurs quite slowly during first 30 minutes, and quasi-steady state was noticed normally after 50 minutes of filtration time. In this study, steady state flux data were used to develop semi-empirical and empirical correlations which are useful in the optimum design of ultrafiltration. © 1988.
Vigneswaran, S & Tulachan, RK 1988, 'Mathematical modelling of transient behaviour of deep bed filtration', Water Research, vol. 22, no. 9, pp. 1093-1100.
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This study proposes a mathematical model based on the concept that there exists a maximum limit on particle deposition on the filter grain, to describe the entire cycle of filtration. The three model coefficients appearing in this mathematical model were calculated for different operating conditions using experimental results obtained from a filter 2 cm in depth. Although these model coefficients were different for different operating conditions, a uniform trend was observed in the variation of model parameters with operating conditions. © 1988.
Watterson, PA 1988, 'Analytical solutions for the current driven by a rotating magnetic field in a cylindrical plasma with azimuthal field', Journal of Plasma Physics, vol. 40, no. 1, pp. 109-126.
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The generation of steady currents by a rotating magnetic field (RMF) in a cylindrical plasma permeated by a steady azimuthal (or toroidal) magnetic field is studied analytically. Solutions are presented for the following limiting cases:(1) high resistivity, when the penetration of the RMF and current drive are confined to a skin depth layer;(2) low resistivity and weak toroidal field (small compared with the RMF), when the RMF fully penetrates the plasma and the toroidal current is that due to nearly synchronous rotation of the electron fluid with the RMF;(3) low resistivity and intermediate toroidal field (comparable to the axial field associated with synchronous current), when the toroidal current is a significant fraction of its synchronous value, but large oscillating fields are generated; and(4) strong toroidal field, when the RMF fully penetrates the plasma but current is only driven in a boundary layer at the plasma edge.The applicability of these solutions is governed by the relative sizes of three dimensionless parameters.
Ying, M 1988, 'Report from Jiangxi Province, People's Republic of China', Fuzzy Sets and Systems, vol. 25, no. 3, pp. 382-382.
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YING, MS 1988, 'CONJUGATE TRANSFORMS FOR TAU-T,L-SEMIGROUPS OF DISTANCE DISTRIBUTION-FUNCTIONS', KEXUE TONGBAO, vol. 33, no. 23, pp. 2001-2002.
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YING, MS 1988, 'ON STANDARD MODELS OF FUZZY MODAL-LOGICS', FUZZY SETS AND SYSTEMS, vol. 26, no. 3, pp. 357-363.
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YING, MS 1988, 'SOME NOTES ON MULTIDIMENSIONAL FUZZY-REASONING', CYBERNETICS AND SYSTEMS, vol. 19, no. 4, pp. 281-293.
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Ziolkowski, RW, Marsland, DP, Libelo, LF & Pisane, GE 1988, 'Scattering from an open spherical shell having a circular aperture and enclosing a concentric dielectric sphere', IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, vol. 36, no. 7, pp. 985-999.
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Zuofa, K, Loganathan, P & Isirimah, NO 1988, 'Effects of crude oil applications to soil on the growth and yield of maize, okro and cassava in Nigeria', Oil and Chemical Pollution, vol. 4, no. 4, pp. 249-259.
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The effects of different doses (0, 1, 2, 4 and 8 litres/m2) of crude oil applications to soil on the growth and yield of maize, okro and cassava as well as on soil properties were investigated in two field experiments with mixed croppings (maize/okro and maize/cassava) in an acidic sandy loam soil at Port Harcourt, Nigeria. Crude oil applications above 2 litres/m2 significantly affected crop germination, plant height and yield of maize and okro but not of cassava. Weed population in all the plots decreased significantly with increase in oil doses. Oil application slightly increased organic matter content, pHand total nitrogen content in the soils. © 1988 Elsevier Science Publishers Ltd, England.
Bird, TS 1970, 'Reflections in open-ended elliptical waveguide with an infinite flange', IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society, AP-S International Symposium (Digest), pp. 1226-1229.
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Experience with smooth-wall horn radiators of rectangular and circular cross-section has shown that significant reflection can occur from apertures of moderate size, resulting in mismatch at the horn input. The existing literature gives no indication of the level of reflection in open-ended elliptical waveguide, although W. C. Chew et al. (1986) recently formulated the problem. The purpose of this study is to outline another solution to the problem and to present preliminary theoretical results. To demonstrate the effect of the open end, the computed reflection coefficient of the TEc11 mode is plotted as a function of normalized frequency ka with waveguide ellipticity as a parameter. In these calculations, coupling to other modes in the aperture was neglected, an approximation known to work well provided the high-order modes are below cutoff. Reflection in elliptical waveguide increases as a/b increases in much the same way as reflection of the TE10 mode in rectangular waveguide. Well above cutoff, the level reflection of the TEc11 mode was found to be approximately the same as for the TE10 mode in open-ended rectangular waveguide with the same value of a/b.
Gale, DJ & Braun, RM 1970, 'Path length analyzer for digital microwave radio', pp. 140-143.
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An instrument is proposed that would use the tellurometer technique of T.L. Wadley (1958) to analyze the electrical length as opposed to the physical length of a microwave radio's propagation path. The instrument can be used by the line-of-sight radio-link engineer to assess such factors as stable and turbulent atmospheric multipath, reflections from elevated ground layers, reflections from atmospheric sheets, reflections from ground or water, reflections due to inverse bending and ducting. The full extent of the usefulness of the instrument has not yet been investigated. A practical example of the analysis of the ground reflection is given. Time-domain analysis is suggested for analyzing paths under test.
Huang, MZ & Waldron, KJ 1970, 'Efficient rate allocation algorithm in redundant kinematic chains', American Society of Mechanical Engineers, Design Engineering Division (Publication) DE, pp. 457-464.
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This paper addresses a basic problem which arises in the coordination of serial chain manipulators, namely, that of decomposing a given end effector velocity state into a set of joint rates. Such a problem is indeterminate for manipulators with kinematic redundancy. A novel method of solving the rate distribution problem for the class of fully revolute-jointed, serial manipulators is developed. The technique is an extension of the axial field solution scheme developed initially for solving the force allocation problem in a statically indeterminate parallel chain system. The basis of the solution method lies in the dualities of velocity and force systems between series and parallel mechanisms. The method offers an efficient means of rate coordination and is especially useful in the control of manipulators with high degrees of redundancy. Two examples have been given for illustration.
Ying, M 1970, 'On Zadeh's method for interpreting linguistically quantified proposition', [1988] Proceedings. The Eighteenth International Symposium on Multiple-Valued Logic, [1988] Proceedings. The Eighteenth International Symposium on Multiple-Valued Logic, IEEE Comput. Soc. Press, pp. 248-252.
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The author establishes an interesting result on multiquantified propositions. He then gives a novel method for interpreting linguistically quantified propositions with nearness measures.
Ziolkowski, RW 1970, 'New Electromagnetic Directed Energy Pulses', SPIE Proceedings, 1988 Los Angeles Symposium--O-E/LASE '88, SPIE, pp. 312-319.
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New electromagnetic directed energy pulse train (EDEPT) solutions of Maxwell’s equations have been obtained. One particular solution, the modified power spectrum (MPS) prdse, will be described in detail. This pulse can be tailored to give directed energy transfer in space in such a manner that theoretically it beats the diffraction limit. These EDEPT solutions are not physically pathological and can be reconstructed from causal Green’s functions. They represent fields that recover their initial ampfitudes along the direction of propagation out to extremely large distances from their initial location. Moreover, these fields appear to be launchable from finite aperture antennas.
Zowghi, D 1970, 'An Experimental Expert System for DNA Restriction Mapping', Proceedings of the International Conference on Expert Systems and Applications, Avignon, France.
