Publications

Cao, L & Ruwei, D 2008, Open Complex Intelligent Systems: Fundamentals, Concepts, Analysis, Design and Implementation, 1, Posts & Telecom Press, Beijing, China.
View description>>

one of nine books in computer science selected into China Key-Book Publishing Plan in 11th Five-Years (2006-2010)

Eager, DM, Bagia, R & Walmsley, M 2008, Engineering Project Management 48280 and Managing Projects 49002, 1st Edition, McGraw-Hill, Sydney, Australia.

Leveaux, RR 2008, English Language Guide for International Referees, 2nd, WTF, Korea.
View description>>

Updated version of earlier guide.

Saleh, A 2008, Structural Analysis, 2008, Self, Sydney.
View description>>

Classical methods of structural analysis. Theory and solved problems. Topics include: Review of fundamentals in Statics. Principle of Work and Virtual Works. Computation of elastic deformation. Influence Lines. Force Method. Moment Distribution method.

Aik, KC, Lai, LL, Lee, KY, Lu, H, Park, J, Song, Y, Srinivasan, D, Vlachogiannis, JG & Yu, IK 2008, 'Applications to Power System Scheduling' in Modern Heuristic Optimization Techniques, Wiley, pp. 337-402.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Cao, L & Zhang, C 2008, 'Domain Driven Data Mining' in Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery Technologies, IGI Global, pp. 196-223.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

Quantitative intelligence based traditional data mining is facing grand challenges from real-world enterprise and cross-organization applications. For instance, the usual demonstration of specific algorithms cannot support business users to take actions to their advantage and needs. We think this is due to Quantitative Intelligence focused data-driven philosophy. It either views data mining as an autonomous data-driven, trial-and-error process, or only analyzes business issues in an isolated, case-by-case manner. Based on experience and lessons learnt from real-world data mining and complex systems, this article proposes a practical data mining methodology referred to as Domain-Driven Data Mining. On top of quantitative intelligence and hidden knowledge in data, domain-driven data mining aims to meta-synthesize quantitative intelligence and qualitative intelligence in mining complex applications in which human is in the loop. It targets actionable knowledge discovery in constrained environment for satisfying user preference. Domain-driven methodology consists of key components including understanding constrained environment, business-technical questionnaire, representing and involving domain knowledge, human-mining cooperation and interaction, constructing next-generation mining infrastructure, in-depth pattern mining and postprocessing, business interestingness and actionability enhancement, and loop-closed human-cooperated iterative refinement. Domain-driven data mining complements the data-driven methodology, the metasynthesis of qualitative intelligence and quantitative intelligence has potential to discover knowledge from complex systems, and enhance knowledge actionability for practical use by industry and business.

Cao, L & Zhang, C 2008, 'Domain-Driven Data Mining' in Data Warehousing and Mining, IGI Global, pp. 831-848.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

Extant data mining is based on data-driven methodologies. It either views data mining as an autonomous data-driven, trial-and-error process or only analyzes business issues in an isolated, case-by-case manner. As a result, very often the knowledge discovered generally is not interesting to real business needs. Therefore, this article proposes a practical data mining methodology referred to as domain-driven data mining, which targets actionable knowledge discovery in a constrained environment for satisfying user preference. The domain-driven data mining consists of a DDID-PD framework that considers key components such as constraint-based context, integrating domain knowledge, human-machine cooperation, in-depth mining, actionability enhancement, and iterative refinement process. We also illustrate some examples in mining actionable correlations in Australian Stock Exchange, which show that domain-driven data mining has potential to improve further the actionability of patterns for practical use by industry and business.

Di Federico, R & Kandasamy, J 2008, 'Operation and maintenance of wetlands' in Kandasamy, J & Vigneswaran, S (eds), Constructed Wetlands, Nova Science Publisher, Inc., New York, USA, pp. 57-73.
View description>>

In order for constructed wetlands to perform at their optimal level, they must be managed and maintained efficiently. An operation and maintenance plan is therefore essential to ensure that the wetland is performing at its optimum level. Constructed wetlands go through different phases throughout their working life. These phases include commissioning, operation, and finally refitting and decommissioning. With each of these phases comes a unique set of operation and maintenance needs. Operation and maintenance plans provide necessary information for management to be able to successfully control and operate a constructed wetland. Operation and maintenance plans must contain essential elements in order for them to be of assistance to operators. There are four vital sections in the plan, which include a description of the wetland, management activities, a management calendar, and a list of emergency contacts. Monitoring is vital for the operation of a successful wetland, and is a key component of an operation and maintenance plan. Monitoring helps determine if the wetland is performing as desired, and will aid in identifying any problems. The data obtained from monitoring can then be used to progress treatment and performance, resulting in a more proficient wetland. © 2008 by Nova Science Publishers, Inc. All rights reserved.

Dickson-Deane, C & Moore, JL 2008, 'Human-Computer Interaction' in Spector, JM (ed), The SAGE Encyclopedia of Educational Technology, SAGE Publications, Inc..
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

This two-volume encyclopedia explores such issues, focusing on core topics and issues that will retain relevance in the face of perpetually evolving devices, services, and specific techniques.

Gabrys, B 2008, 'Do Smart Adaptive Systems Exist? Hybrid Intelligent Systems Perspective' in Lecture Notes in Computer Science, Springer Berlin Heidelberg, pp. 2-3.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Gaddis, EJB & Voinov, A 2008, 'Participatory Modeling' in Encyclopedia of Ecology, Elsevier, pp. 2651-2655.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

Recent focus on ecological management that is adaptive, participatory, and collaborative has given rise to new approaches to scientific research and the incorporation of stakeholder knowledge and values into scientific models used for decision making. Participatory modeling incorporates input from stakeholders and decision makers into scientific models that support decisions involving complex ecological questions. The process supports democratic principles, is educational, integrates social and natural processes, can legitimate a local decision-making process, and can lead participants to be instrumental in implementing an agreed agenda. Modeling tools employed include indices, statistical models, spatial models, temporal models, and spatially explicit dynamic models. Stakeholder participants engage in the modeling research process in the form of model selection and development, data collection and integration, scenario development, interpretation of results, and development of policy alternatives. Variations of participatory modeling are distinguished by who initiates the process, how stakeholders are enlisted and engaged in the process, the breadth of research questions addressed, and the mechanism by which modeling results are incorporated into decision making. Criteria of successful participatory modeling include scientific credibility, objectivity, transparency, understanding uncertainty, model adaptability, representative involvement, incorporation of stakeholder knowledge, and influence on decision making.

Greenwald, PW, Weingart, S & Nguyen, HB 2008, 'Severe Sepsis and Septic Shock' in Evidence-Based Emergency Medicine, Wiley, pp. 235-250.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Gunes, H, Piccardi, M & Pantic, M 2008, 'From the Lab to the Real World: Affect Recognition Using Multiple Cues and Modalities' in Or, J (ed), Affective Computing, I-Tech Education and Publishing, Vienna, Austria, pp. 185-218.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Hoang, DB & Simmonds, AJ 2008, 'Data Communication and Network Infrastructure' in Feng, D (ed), Biomedical Information Technology, Elsevier, USA, pp. 229-248.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Idris, E, Chanan, A & Kandasamy, J 2008, 'Socio-economics of constructed wetlands: Engaging the community' in Kandasamy, J & Vigneswaran, S (eds), Constructed Wetlands, Nova Science Publishers, Inc., New York, USA, pp. 101-123.
View description>>

Although good engineering design of a constructed wetland is a significant contributor to the success of its operation, a major element that is often taken for granted is the local community. This paper highlights the social and economic benefits associated with constructed wetlands, and relates these benefits to the necessity to engage the community. Community involvement in fact is required at every stage of a constructed wetland project. The paper outlines the methods that can be used to plan for effective community involvement for such projects, and provides a summary of tools and techniques that can be employed at different stages. A case study of Moore Reserve Constructed Wetland Project, in New South Wales, Australia is provided as an example where successful community's expectations. © 2008 by Nova Science Publishers, Inc. All rights reserved.

Jakeman, AJ, Voinov, AA, Chen, SH & Rizzoli, AE 2008, 'Preface' in Developments in Integrated Environmental Assessment, Elsevier, pp. v-v.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Kalam, MA, Hassan, MH, Hajar, RB, Yusuf, MSB, Umar, MRB & Mahlia, I 2008, 'Handbook of Plant-Based Biofuels' in Pandey, A (ed), Handbook of Plant-Based Biofuels, CRC Press, pp. 225-240.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

© 2009 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC. This chapter presents the status of palm oil diesel (POD) production and its experimental test on a multicylinder diesel engine. The test results obtained are brake power, specific fuel consumption (SFC), exhaust emissions, anti-wear characteristics of fuel-contaminated lubricants, and fuel Rancimat test characteristics. It was found that B20X fuel showed better overall performance such as improved brake power, reduced exhaust emissions and shows better lube oil quality as compared to other tested fuels. The specific objective of this investigation is to improve the performance of B20 fuel using an antioxidant additive.

Kennedy, P, Simoff, SJ, Catchpoole, DR, Skillicorn, DB, Ubaudi, F & Al-Oqaily, A 2008, 'Integrative Visual Data Mining of Biomedical Data: Investigating Cases in Chronic Fatigue Syndrome and Acute Lymphoblastic Leukaemia' in Simoff, SJ, Bohlen, MH & Mazeika, A (eds), Lecture Notes in Computer Science, Springer Berlin Heidelberg, Berlin Heidelberg, pp. 367-388.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

This chapter presents an integrative visual data mining approach towards biomedical data. This approach and supporting methodology are presented at a high level. They combine in a consistent manner a set of visualisation and data mining techniques that operate over an integrated data set of several diverse components, including medical (clinical) data, patient outcome and interview data, corresponding gene expression and SNP data, domain ontologies and health management data. The practical application of the methodology and the specific data mining techniques engaged are demonstrated on two case studies focused on the biological mechanisms of two different types of diseases: Chronic Fatigue Syndrome and Acute Lymphoblastic Leukaemia, respectively. The common between the cases is the structure of the data sets. © 2008 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg.

Khushaba, RN, Al-Ani, A, Al-Jumaily, A & Nguyen, HT 2008, 'A Hybrid Nonlinear-Discriminant Analysis Feature Projection Technique' in Wobcke, W & Zhang, M (eds), Lecture Notes In Computer Science Vol 5360: AI 2008 Advances in Artificial Intelligence, Springer, Germany, pp. 544-550.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

Feature set dimensionality reduction via Discriminant Analysis (DA) is one of the most sought after approaches in many applications. In this paper, a novel nonlinear DA technique is presented based on a hybrid of Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) and the Uncorrelated Linear Discriminant Analysis (ULDA). Although dimensionality reduction via ULDA can present a set of statistically uncorrelated features, but similar to the existing DAs it assumes that the original data set is linearly separable, which is not the case with most real world problems. In order to overcome this problem, a one layer feed-forward ANN trained with a Differential Evolution (DE) optimization technique is combined with ULDA to implement a nonlinear feature projection technique. This combination acts as nonlinear discriminant analysis. The proposed approach is validated on a Brain Computer Interface (BCI) problem and compared with other techniques.

Langston, CA & Ding, GKC 2008, 'Sustainable Practices in the Built Environment', Routledge, pp. 1-288.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

© Taylor and Francis 2001. All rights reserved. Sustainability is a key issue and its impact on the construction industry, as one of the major users of the Earth’s resources, is starting to take hold. This book deals with sustainability as it affects the construction industry, looking at the techniques and issues which designers, engineers, planners and construction managers will have to deal with in their day-to-day activities. It covers methods of analysis such as environmental impact assessment and cost-benefit analysis as well as topics on design and energy regulation and conservation. The book is an important introduction to the subject for senior undergraduate and postgraduate students. Given the importance and novelty of the subject, professionals in the construction industry will also find the book valuable.

Le, H, Hoang, D & Poliah, R 2008, 'S-Web: An Efficient and Self-organizing Wireless Sensor Network Model' in Takizawa, M, Barolli, L & Enokido, T (eds), Lecture Notes in Computer Science, Springer Berlin Heidelberg, Germany, pp. 179-188.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

One of the major weaknesses of existing centralized algorithms in Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) routing is that sensor nodes are required to report their status (e.g. remaining energy level) to the central node (i.e. the Base Station BS) and receive configuration information from the BS (e.g. next hop routing). As a result, the WSNs suffer from high communication and/or computation overheads at sensor nodes to accommodate topology changes in the WSN. This paper proposes a novel scheme, called a Sensor Web (or S-Web), that organizes sensors into clusters based on their geographical location without requiring the sensors to have a Global Positioning System or actively locate themselves. The S-Web enables nodes to route data packets while consuming low energy in a decentralized manner. The model is self-organizing and distributed without the need of global network knowledge.

Leggett, MG & Dyson, LE 2008, 'Strangers on the Land: Place and Indigenous Multimedia Knowledge Systems' in Butt, D, Bywater, J & Paul, N (eds), Place: Local Knowledge and New Media Practice, Cambridge Scholars Publishing, Newcastle on Tyne, England, pp. 126-137.
View description>>

Audio-visual storage mediums, such as the ubiquitous handycam, offer new potentials for the representation of information about the natural environment and the events that have occurred there, and thus forthe way the history and significance of place are discussed and disputed, extending oral and written language traditions.

Lu, J, Ruan, D & Zhang, G 2008, 'Fuzzy Set Techniques in E-Service Applications' in NA (ed), Studies in Fuzziness and Soft Computing, Springer Berlin Heidelberg, Berlin Heidelberg New York, pp. 553-566.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

E-services involve various types, delivery systems, advanced information technologies, methodologies and applications of online services that are provided by e-government, e-business, e-commerce, e-market, e-finance, e-learning systems, to name a few. They offer great opportunities and challenges for many areas, such as government, business, commerce, marketing, finance and education. E-service intelligence is a new research field that deals with fundamental roles, social impacts and practical applications of various intelligent technologies on the Internet based e-services. This chapter aims to offer a thorough introduction and systematic overview of the new field e-service intelligence mainly based on fuzzy set related techniques. It covers the state-of-the-art of the research and development in various aspects including both theorems and applications, of e-service intelligence by applying fuzzy set theory. Moreover, it demonstrates how adaptations of existing intelligent technologies benefit from the development of e-service applications in online customer decision, personalised services, web mining, online searching/data retrieval, online pattern recognition/image processing, and web-based e-logistics/planning.

Lu, J, Zhang, G & Da Ruan 2008, 'Fuzzy Multi-Objective Decision-Making Models and Approaches' in Springer Optimization and Its Applications, Springer US, Berlin, pp. 483-522.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

© Springer Science + Business Media, LLC 2008. Multi-objective linear programming (MOLP) techniques are widely used to model many organizational decision problems. Referring to the imprecision inherent in human judgments, uncertainty may be incorporated in some parameters of an established MOLP model that is also called a fuzzy MOLP (FMOLP) problem. This chapter first reviews the development of fuzzy multi-objective decision-making (FMODM) models and approaches and then proposes an effective way for an optimal solution in the FMOLP problem. By introducing an adjustable satisfactory degree α, a new concept of FMOLP and a solution transformation theorem are given in this chapter. This chapter thus develops an interactive fuzzy goal multi-objective decision-making method, which provides an interactive fashion with decision makers during their solution process and allows decision makers to give their fuzzy goals in any form of membership function. An illustrative example shows the details of the proposed method.

McGregor, C 2008, 'A Framework for the Design of Web Service Based Clinical Management Systems to Support Inter and Intra Organizational Patient Journeys' in Medical Informatics, IGI Global, pp. 411-426.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

The clinical management of premature and ill term babies is challenged by the necessity of several inter and intra organizational patient journeys. Premature and ill-term babies born in regional Australia and Canada must be moved to another hospital with Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) facilities. NICU babies requiring surgery must be moved to a Level IV NICU for surgery. Current clinical management supports the transfer of limited patient data via paper or telephone exchange. In this article a framework for the design of Web-service-based clinical management systems to support inter and intra organizational patient journeys is presented. A series of Web services are described and integrated and coordinated through BPEL processes enabling greater support for inter- and intra-organizational transfer of patient data. This framework is demonstrated through a NICU case study. A key benefit of this framework is that it enables the establishment of “on demand” patient journeys eliminating the need to establish permanent point-to-point connections.

McGregor, C 2008, 'Mobility in Healthcare for Remote Intensive Care Unit Clinical Management' in Medical Informatics, IGI Global, pp. 740-752.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

This chapter reviews current research directions in healthcare mobility and assesses its impact on the provision of remote intensive care unit (ICU) clinical management. Intensive care units boast a range of state of the art medical monitoring devices to monitor a patient’s physiological parameters. They also have devices such as ventilators to offer mechanical life support. Computing and IT support within ICUs has focused on monitoring the patients and delivering corresponding alarms to care providers. However many intensive care unit admissions are via intra and inter health care facility transfer, requiring receiving care providers to have access to patient information prior to the patient’s arrival. This indicates that opportunities exist for mobile gadgets, such as personal digital assistants (PDAs) to substantially increase the efficiency and effectiveness of processes surrounding healthcare in the ICUs. The challenge is to transcend the use of these mobile devices beyond the current usage for personal information management and static medical applications; also to overcome the challenges of screen size and memory limitations. Finally, the deployment of mobile-enabled solutions within the healthcare domain is hindered by privacy, cost and security considerations and a lack of standards. These are some of the significant topics discussed in this chapter.

McIntosh, BS, Giupponi, C, Voinov, AA, Smith, C, Matthews, KB, Monticino, M, Kolkman, MJ, Crossman, N, van Ittersum, M, Haase, D, Haase, A, Mysiak, J, Groot, JCJ, Sieber, S, Verweij, P, Quinn, N, Waeger, P, Gaber, N, Hepting, D, Scholten, H, Sulis, A, van Delden, H, Gaddis, E & Assaf, H 2008, 'Chapter Three Bridging the Gaps Between Design and Use: Developing Tools to Support Environmental Management and Policy' in Developments in Integrated Environmental Assessment, Elsevier, pp. 33-48.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

Integrated assessment models, decision support systems (DSS) and Geographic Information Systems (GIS) are examples of a growing number of computer-based tools designed to provide decision and information support to people engaged in formulating and implementing environmental policy and management. It is recognised that environmental policy and management users are often not as receptive to using such tools as desired but that little research has been done to uncover and understand the reasons. There is a diverse range of environmental decision and information support tools (DISTs) with uses including organisational and participatory decision support, and scientific research. The different uses and users of DISTs each present particular needs and challenges to the tool developers. The lack of appreciation of the needs of end-users by developers has contributed to the lack of success of many DISTs. Therefore it is important to engage users and other stakeholders in the tool development process to help bridge the gap between design and use. Good practice recommendations for developers to involve users include being clear about the purpose of the tool, working collaboratively with other developers and stakeholders, and building social and scientific credibility. © 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Moat, G, Simpson, B, Ghanem, P, Kandasamy, J & Vigneswaran, S 2008, 'Constructed wetlands: Classification, functions and treatment' in Kandasamy, J & Vigneswaran, S (eds), Constructed Wetlands, Nova Science Publisher, Inc., New York, USA, pp. 1-26.
View description>>

Constructed wetland technology utilises natural processes to treat wastewater and stormwater. Wetland technologies can provide cheap and effective wastewater treatment in both temperate and tropical climates, and is suitable for the adoption in both industrialised as well as developing nations. Constructed wetlands are being utilised for the removal of a range of pollutants and a broad range of wastewaters worldwide. This chapter provides a comprehensive review of the classifications, functions and treatment processes of constructed wetland. © 2008 by Nova Science Publishers, Inc. All rights reserved.

Nataatmadja, I & Dyson, LE 2008, 'The Role of Information and Communication Technology in Managing Cultural Diversity in the Modern Workforce' in Information Communication Technologies, IGI Global, pp. 3190-3206.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

This chapter demonstrates how managers can use information and communication technology (ICT) more effectively in culturally diverse workforces. Basing our analysis on the cultural dimensions of Hofstede and Hall, we compare a range of ICTs and provide a chart summarizing their strengths and weaknesses. In addition, a framework for developing ICT is proposed, and an example of its application to a global organization is presented. The study shows that none of the existing ICT tools is perfect in all situations and all cultural contexts. Therefore, managers need to provide a variety of ICTs to their employees, and developers should build flexibility into their ICT designs.

NGUYEN, ND & NGUYEN, TV 2008, 'Assessment of Fracture Risk' in Osteoporosis, Elsevier, pp. 923-957.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Phuntsho, S, Shon, HK, Vigneswaran, S & Kandasamy, J 2008, 'Wastewater Stablisation Ponds (WSP) For Wastewater Treatment' in Vigneswaran, S (ed), Water and Wastewater Treatment Technologies, UNESCO & Encyclopedia of Life Support Systems (EOLSS).
View description>>

Many industrialised countries have achieve d high levels of wastewater treatment technologies most of which are too mechanized and automated and beyond the affordability of the poor and developing nations. Technologies that are appropriate to the developing nations are required since two third of world’s population live in developing countries. This review focuses mainly on those technologies appropriate to the developing countries. Appropriate technology should be affordable (capital cost), have low O&M cost (sustainability), effective in meeting the discharge standards, at least nuisance (public acceptability) and is environment-friendly. Many low cost technologies are being developed but the choice of the most appropriate technology depends on a proper evaluation of all the factors such as economic, political, social, availability, etc. Wastewater Stabilization Ponds (WSP) have been extensively used worldwide because of the simplicity in design and construction, the low capital and operating cost, are very reliable and are a sustainable technology. Constructed wetlands not only treat wastewater but have other functions such as habitats for animals and birds, recreational areas for the visitors, etc. Other low cost technologies appropriate to developing countries such as land treatments, filtration techniques, attach growth, aeration, baffled reactor and chemically enhance primary treatment are also discussed.

Saco, PM & Kumar, P 2008, 'Hydrologic Dispersion in Fluvial Networks', Wiley, pp. 307-335.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Shon, HK, Phuntsho, S, Vigneswaran, S & Kandasamy, J 2008, 'Physico-Chemical Processes for Organic Removal from Wastewater Effluent' in Vigneswaran, S (ed), Water and Wastewater Treatment Technologies, UNESCO & Encyclopedia of Life Support Systems (EOLSS).
View description>>

This chapter covers physio-chemical processes including advanced oxidation processes for wastewater treatment. The approach used in this chapter is to first provide a brief introduction to each of the processes followed by a brief description of the process fundamentals in removing organic matter. The removal of effluent organic matter (EfOM) in terms of dissolved organic car bon (DOC), molecular weight distribution (MWD) for each process is then explained followed by removal of endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) and pharmaceutical and personal care products (PPCPs) by each process.

Sidhu, AS, Kennedy, PJ, Simoff, S, Dillon, TS & Chang, E 2008, 'Knowledge Discovery in Biomedical Data Facilitated by Domain Ontologies' in Medical Informatics, IGI Global, pp. 2096-2108.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

In some real-world areas, it is important to enrich the data with external background knowledge so as to provide context and to facilitate pattern recognition. These areas may be described as data rich but knowledge poor. There are two challenges to incorporate this biological knowledge into the data mining cycle: (1) generating the ontologies; and (2) adapting the data mining algorithms to make use of the ontologies. This chapter presents the state-of-the-art in bringing the background ontology knowledge into the pattern recognition task for biomedical data.

Song, Y, Lu, H, Lee, KY & Yu, IK 2008, 'Fundamentals of Ant Colony Search Algorithms' in Modern Heuristic Optimization Techniques, Wiley, pp. 89-100.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Stewart, MG 2008, 'Structural Reliability', Wiley.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

Abstract Structural systems such as buildings, bridges, water tanks, containment vessels, and communication towers are often represented as load‐resistance systems. In all cases, these structures represent substantial and expensive assets that are unique or “one‐off”. Even apparently, similar buildings have different occupancy loads, foundations, connection details, etc. Clearly, their reliability cannot be directly inferred from observation of failures or other experimental studies. In these circumstances, reliabilities need to be predicted from predictive models and probabilistic methods. As such, there is a clear recognition that uncertainty and variability are associated with many variables describing a structure's performance and that this can be accounted for explicitly by the use of probability distributions and structural reliability theory. Structural reliability theory allows the probability of failure to be predicted where failure is defined to occur when load exceeds a resistance. Not surprisingly, structural reliability theory underpins many recent advances in structural and safety engineering, including development of design and assessment codes, predicting service‐life performance, and assessment and maintenance of aging and deteriorating structures.

Stockenhuber, M 2008, 'X‐Ray Absorption Spectroscopy of Oxides and Oxidation Catalysts', Wiley, pp. 299-321.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Tong, L & Luo, Q 2008, 'Analysis of Cracked Lap Shear (CLS) Joints' in Modeling of Adhesively Bonded Joints, Springer Berlin Heidelberg, pp. 25-51.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

This chapter presents analytical models for cracked lap shear joints. Two analytical frameworks are introduced: (1) the overlap is treated as an entire beam to find displacements and force components of the cracked lap shear joints firstly, and then the adherends in the overlap region are treated as individual beams to find adhesive stresses and energy release rates; (2) individual beams are considered only; displacements, force components and adhesive stresses are determined simultaneously by solving the coupled differential equations. Geometrically-nonlinear features of cracked lap shear joints are investigated. Strength of materials and fracture mechanics based failure criteria are discussed. © 2008 Springer Berlin Heidelberg.

Voinov, AA 2008, 'Conceptual Diagrams and Flow Diagrams' in Encyclopedia of Ecology, Elsevier, pp. 731-737.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

Diagrams are probably the next most widely used type of models after mental and verbal models. Intuitively when presenting a model we tend to start drawing diagrams to explain the assumptions and simplifications made. With the advent of new software tools, it becomes easier to use the computer to design these conceptual diagrams, especially since these software packages in many cases can convert the diagrams into computer code and generate numerical models for further analysis. Most of the system dynamics software (such as Stella, Madonna, Powersim, Simile, and others) can be readily used to put together conceptual models and flow diagrams. More advanced tools are based on the Unified Modeling Language (UML) approach and can generate computer code in Java, PHP, C++, Python, and other languages.

Voinov, AA 2008, 'Parameters' in Encyclopedia of Ecology, Elsevier, pp. 2638-2639.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

Parameters are an important component of any model. In the most general sense, parameters drive the system that we observe. When we model a system we try to reproduce its behavior in terms of certain values, which we observe and which we call state variables, or output variables. These are the outputs from the model. These outputs are determined by inputs that go into the model, and by the model internal organization, the wiring. Generally, any quantity that is used to describe and run a model can be called a parameter.

Voinov, AA 2008, 'Sensitivity, Calibration, Validation, Verification' in Encyclopedia of Ecology, Elsevier, pp. 3221-3227.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

Formulating the model equations and making them run is just the beginning of the modeling process. First you need to make the model output represent data as well as possible. This can be achieved in part by tweaking the parameters of the model. This is the process of model calibration. Then we need to check that the model really does what it was designed to do. This model testing may assume various procedures, and stages, some of which are called validation and verification. For example, we may want to double check that the model is based on correct assumptions, that the code has no bugs, and that the output is properly presented and interpreted. This would be the model verification stage; or we may want to run the model on an independent set of input data and see how it performs then, which will be called the validation process in some cases. There is still some confusion on terminology and sometimes the words validation and verification are used interchangeably. In any case these are extremely important stages of model analysis that are required to prove the quality of the model; however, neither of the formal methods of model analysis should be overestimated in determining the model usability. After all, the model is good as long as it helps achieve the goals of the project. The overall model performance is more important than how well it did on individual tests and comparisons.

Voinov, AA 2008, 'Software' in Encyclopedia of Ecology, Elsevier, pp. 3270-3277.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

Most of the ecological modeling today is based on computer numerical models. Therefore you cannot imagine modeling without software. There are numerous software tools that can be useful for ecological modeling. We can distinguish between modeling languages, extendable modeling systems, particular modeling systems and models, and extendable models. When deciding which software tools are most appropriate for particular modeling tasks it is important to consider the objectives of the modeling effort, the skills of the modeling team, the budget constraints, and the project timeline.

Voinov, AA & Fishwick, PA 2008, 'Modules in Modeling' in Encyclopedia of Ecology, Elsevier, pp. 2419-2425.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

In the modular approach we do not intend to design a unique general model. Instead, the goal is to offer a framework that can be easily extended and is flexible to be modified. A module that performs best in one case may not be sufficient in another. The goals and scale of a particular study may require a completely different set of modules that will be invoked and further translated into a working model. There is a certain disparity between the software developer and the researcher views upon models and modules. For a software developer, a module is an entity, a black box, which should be as independent as possible, and should be as easy as possible to combine with other modules. This is especially true for the federated approach to modular modeling and is well demonstrated by the web-based modeling systems. For a researcher a model is predominantly a tool for understanding the system. By plugging together a number of black boxes, for which specifics and behavior is obscure and hardly understood, we do not significantly increase our knowledge about the system. The results generated are difficult to interpret when there is not enough understanding of the processes that are actually modeled. The decomposition of such systems requires careful analysis of spatial and temporal scales of processes considered and is very closely related to specific goals of the model built. In this context the modular approach can be useful if the focus is shifted from reusability and 'plug-and-play', to transparency, analysis and hierarchical description of various processes and system components. With the modules being transparent and open for experiment and analysis, the researcher can better understand the specifics of the model formalism that is inherited. It is then easier to decide whether a module is suitable or if it should be modified and tuned to the specific goals of a particular study. Modular systems thinking is the way to achieve a number of critical goals: (1) we unders...

Vorisek, J & Feuerlicht, G 2008, 'Impact of Collaborative Delivery of Enterprise ICT Services' in Encyclopedia of E-Collaboration, IGI Global, pp. 355-362.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

Most organizations today are looking for more cost effective approaches to delivering enterprise applications to their user base. Among the alternatives that are becoming increasingly popular are various forms of e-collaboration that involve the sharing of information between organizations, integration of interenterprise business processes among partner organizations, and the delivery of software services by external application service providers (ASPs). Such recent trends are likely to produce a situation where most enterprise applications will be implemented collaboratively or supplied as services, making the Software-as-a-Service model the dominant method of enterprise application delivery. The extensive use of externally supplied software and information services will change the shape of the ICT (Information and Communication Technologies) market and impact on management decisions about the deployment of enterprise ICT (Harber, 2004). These changes will affect both user organizations and organizations supplying ICT products and services. In this paper we analyze the above trends and discuss the impact of the Software-as-a-Service model on ICT user organizations and ICT suppliers. We first discuss the key enterprise computing trends and the strategic importance of ICT.

Wang, L, Su, SW, Chan, GSH, Celler, BG, Cheng, TM & Savkin, AV 2008, 'Cardiovascular Response Identification Based on Nonlinear Support Vector Regression' in Fred, A, Filipe, J & Gamboa, H (eds), Communications in Computer and Information Science, Springer, Berlin Heidelberg, pp. 202-213.

Wang, Z, Huang, S & Dissanayake, G 2008, 'Tradeoffs in SLAM with sparse information filters' in Laugier, C & Siegwart, R (eds), Field and Service Robotics, Springer, Berlin Heidelberg, pp. 339-348.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

Designing filters exploiting the sparseness of the information matrix for efficiently solving the simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM) problem has attracted significant attention during the recent past. The main contribution of this paper is a review of the various sparse information filters proposed in the literature to date, in particular, the compromises used to achieve sparseness. Two of the most recent algorithms that the authors have implemented, Exactly Sparse Extended Information Filter (ESEIF) by Walter et al. [5] and the D-SLAM by Wang et al. [6] are discussed and analyzed in detail. It is proposed that this analysis can stimulate developing a framework suitable for evaluating the relative merits of SLAM algorithms. © 2008 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg.

Wenkel, K-O, Wieland, R, Mirschel, W, Schultz, A, Kampichler, C, Kirilenko, A & Voinov, A 2008, 'Chapter Sixteen Regional Models of Intermediate Complexity (REMICs) – A New Direction in Integrated Landscape Modelling' in Developments in Integrated Environmental Assessment, Elsevier, pp. 285-295.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

The landscape or regional scale of analysis poses certain challenges and new possibilities for better understanding of space and time-related processes and changes. These changes can be caused by exogenous processes (e.g. climate change, dynamics on the global market, or technological advances), or may be a result of endogenous regional processes (e.g. dynamics of land use changes). The regional scale is regarded as an area from about a 100 km2 up to 1000 km2. The main problem is that at this scale we can still distinguish the signals from a variety of local processes and cannot ignore them by averaging, while the sheer number of these processes replicated over a large enough territory makes the system extremely complex, structurally diverse, and ecologically heterogeneous. This complexity is further exacerbated by enhanced uncertainty in data that spans time and space. To cope with these problems we suggest an approach that promotes models of intermediate complexity. An important feature of Regional Models of Intermediate Complexity (REMICs) is that they are characterised by a lower degree of detail in the description of process dynamics, but a higher number of interacting components. The implementation of REMICs calls for specific modelling tools that can handle the spatial heterogeneity of GIS and can offer analytical capabilities of both process-based and statistical modelling. One such tool, the Spatial Analysis and Modeling Toolbox (SAMT) is introduced. SAMT is an open source package that can be used to develop decision support systems (DSS) that can help planners and decision makers better understand the complex reactions of the landscape to various forcings. © 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Yang, C, Meng, J, Zhu, S & Dai, M 2008, 'Model Free Data Mining' in Taniar, D (ed), Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery Technologies, IGI Global, USA, pp. 224-252.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

Input selection is a crucial step for nonlinear regression modeling problem, which contributes to build an interpretable model with less computation. Most of the available methods are model-based, and few of them are model-free. Model-based methods often make use of prediction error or sensitivity analysis for input selection and Model-free methods exploit consistency. In this paper, we show the underlying relationship between sensitivity analysis and consistency analysis for input selection, and then derive an efficient model-free method from our common sense, and then formulate this common sense by fuzzy logic, thus it can be called Fuzzy Consistency Analysis (FCA). In contrast to available methods, FCA has the following desirable properties: 1) it is a model-free method so that it will not be biased on a specific model, exploiting “what the data say” rather than “what the model say”, which is the essential point of data mining – input selection should not be biased on a specific model. 2) it is implemented as efficiently as classical model-free methods, but more flexible than them. 3) it can be directly applied to a data set with mix continuous and discrete inputs without doing rotation. Four benchmark problems study indicates that the proposed method works effectively for nonlinear problems. With the input selection procedure, the underlying reasons which effect the prediction are work out, which helps to gain an insight into a specific problem and servers the purpose of data mining very well.

Zhang, G, Lu, J & Dillon, T 2008, 'An Approximation Kuhn–Tucker Approach for Fuzzy Linear Bilevel Decision Making' in Jain, L & Wren, G (eds), Studies in Computational Intelligence, Springer Berlin Heidelberg, The Netherlands, pp. 157-171.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

In bilevel decision making, the leader aims to achieve an optimal solution by considering the follower's optimized strategy to react each of his/her possible decisions. In a real-world bilevel decision environment, uncertainty must be considered when modeling the objective functions and constraints of the leader and the follower. Following our previous work, this chapter proposes a fuzzy bilevel decision making model to describe bilevel decision making under uncertainty. After giving the definitions of optimal solutions and related theorems for fuzzy bilevel decision problems this chapter develops an approximation KuhnTucker approach to solve the problem. Finally, an example of reverse logistics management illustrates the application of this proposed fuzzy bilevel decision making approach.

Zhang, G, Lu, J & Dillon, T 2008, 'Solution Concepts and an Approximation Kuhn–Tucker Approach for Fuzzy Multiobjective Linear Bilevel Programming' in Pardalos, P & Chinchuluun, A (eds), Springer Optimization and Its Applications, Springer New York, Springer Berlin, pp. 457-480.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Abolhasan, M & Wright, A 2008, 'Survey of the potential of emerging wireless technologies to improve telecommunication services in remote Australian settlements', RANGELAND JOURNAL, vol. 30, no. 1, pp. 157-165.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

Providing efficient yet cost effective telecommunication systems to Aboriginal people living in remote locations has proven to be a challenging task. This is primarily due to low population density and distance from major service centres. Extending high-capacity telecommunications infrastructure to these people would incur high costs of installation, maintenance and administration without significant financial returns. The cost of services such as cabled phone lines to all houses, satellite and wireless cellular networks are often unaffordable for people in remote settlements, and, as a result, the provision of telecommunication services is often subsidised by the government. New wireless standards and products are being developed which could provide broadband-type network connections to large areas at an affordable price. This paper describes these new standards and products and their potential applications in rural and remote regions. There is also a comparison of their transmission requirements, cost, performance and coverage with several currently available technologies.

Achuthan, A, Masendycz, P, Lopez, JA, Nguyen, T, James, DE, Sweet, MJ, Hamilton, JA & Scholz, GM 2008, 'Regulation of the Endosomal SNARE Protein Syntaxin 7 by Colony-Stimulating Factor 1 in Macrophages', Molecular and Cellular Biology, vol. 28, no. 20, pp. 6149-6159.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

ABSTRACT Colony-stimulating factor 1 (CSF-1) is the main growth factor controlling the development of macrophages from myeloid progenitor cells. However, CSF-1 also regulates some of the key effector functions of macrophages (e.g., phagocytosis and cytokine secretion). The endosomal SNARE protein syntaxin 7 (Stx7) regulates vesicle trafficking events involved in phagocytosis and cytokine secretion. Therefore, we investigated the ability of CSF-1 to regulate Stx7. CSF-1 upregulated Stx7 expression in primary mouse macrophages; it also upregulated expression of its SNARE partners Vti1b and VAMP8 but not Stx8. Additionally, CSF-1 induced the rapid serine phosphorylation of Stx7 and enhanced its binding to Vti1b, Stx8, and VAMP8. Bioinformatics analysis and results from experiments with kinase inhibitors suggested the CSF-1-induced phosphorylation of Stx7 was mediated by protein kinase C and Akt in response to phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase activation. Based on mutagenesis studies, CSF-1 appeared to increase the binding of Stx7 to its SNARE partners by inducing the phosphorylation of serine residues in the Habc domain and/or “linker” region of Stx7. Thus, CSF-1 is a key regulator of Stx7 expression and function in macrophages. Furthermore, the effects of CSF-1 on Stx7 may provide a mechanism for the regulation of macrophage effector functions by CSF-1.

Aghasadeghi, K & Zare, D 2008, 'Efficacy of alternate day dosing of atorvastatin', Open Medicine, vol. 3, no. 2, pp. 163-166.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

AbstractAtorvastatin is a synthetic inhibitor of 3-hydroxy 3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase inhibitor. It has a longer half life and longer duration of action than that of all other available HMG-CoA inhibitors. We evaluated the efficacy of alternate-day dosing of atorvastatin in comparison with the standard one-daily dose on total cholesterol, low and High-density lipoprotein (LDL and HDL) and triglycerides. This study is a randomized, blinded, and controlled clinical trial. Sixty-six patients with LDL cholesterol of more than 100 mg/dl were enrolled. Baseline fasting lipid profile (total cholesterol, LDL, HDL and triglyceride), liver function tests and creatine kinase were drawn. Patients were randomized to three atorvastatin dose groups. Group I received 10 mg of atorvastatin every day, group II received 20 mg of atorvastatin every day, and group III received 20 mg every other day. After 6 weeks of treatment with atorvastatin, fasting lipid profiles, liver function tests and creatine kinase concentrations were re-taken. Compliance to treatment was assessed at each visit. Of the sixty-six patients enrolled, sixty completed the study. All three regimens significantly reduced total cholesterol and LDL compared to baseline. No statistically significant difference existed between the three groups in regards to total or a percentage decrease in total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol at 6 weeks compared to baseline. All regimens were well tolerated and none of the patients showed significant elevation of liver enzyme or creatine kinase during the course of the study. In conclusions the alternate-day dosing of atorvastatin is an efficacious and safe alternate to daily dosing and yet inexpensive.

Agrawal, A, Kejalakshmy, N, Chen, J, Rahman, BMA & Grattan, KTV 2008, 'Golden spiral photonic crystal fiber: polarization and dispersion properties', Optics Letters, vol. 33, no. 22, pp. 2716-2716.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Ahlborg, HG, Nguyen, ND, Center, JR, Eisman, JA & Nguyen, TV 2008, 'Incidence and risk factors for low trauma fractures in men with prostate cancer', Bone, vol. 43, no. 3, pp. 556-560.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

Background: Men with prostate cancer on androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) are at increased risk of bone loss. The present study sought to determine the incidence of low trauma fracture in men with prostate cancer (PC), and to characterize the association between potential risk factors and fracture risk in these men. Methods: In the prospective, population-based Dubbo Osteoporosis Epidemiology Study, 43 men aged 60+ years reported a history of prostate cancer; among whom, 22 men received ADT, and 21 men did not. Low-trauma fractureswere ascertained between 1989 and 2004. Bone mineral density at the femoral neck (FNBMD), postural instability and lifestyle factors were obtained at baseline. Results: Men with prostate cancer had significantly higher lumbar spine BMD than those without cancer (p=0.013). During the follow-up period, 15 men with prostate cancer had sustained a fracture, yielding the ageadjusted incidence of fracture among this group was 31.6 per 1000 person-years, which was greater than those without cancer (22.1 per 1000 person-years). The age-adjusted incidence of fracture was more pronounced among those with prostate cancer on ADT (40.2 per 1000 person-years). After adjusting for age, the increase in fracture risk among prostate cancer patientswas associated with lower femoral neck BMD (hazard ratio [HR] per SD=1.8, 95% CI: 1.03.4) and increased rate of bone loss (HR 2.3, 1.24.6). Conclusions: Menwith prostate cancer, particularly those treated with ADT, had an increased fracture risk. Although the average BMD inmen with prostate cancerwas higher thanmen without cancer, a lowBMDprior to treatment or increased rate of bone loss after initiating ADT treatment was each a significant predictor of fracture in these.

Alem, L, Joseph, M, Kethers, S, Steele, C & Wilkinson, R 2008, 'Information Environments for Supporting Consistent Registrar Medical Handover', Health Information Management Journal, vol. 37, no. 1, pp. 9-25.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

This study was two-fold in nature. Initially, it examined the information environment and the use of customary information tools to support medical handovers in a large metropolitan teaching hospital on four weekends (i.e. Friday night to Monday morning). Weekend medical handovers were found to involve sequences of handovers where patients were discussed at the discretion of the doctor handing over; no reliable discussion of all patients of concern occurred at any one handover, with few information tools being used; and after a set of weekend handovers, there was no complete picture on a Monday morning without an analysis of all patient progress notes. In a subsequent case study, three information tools specifically designed as intervention that attempted to enrich the information environment were evaluated. Results indicate that these tools did support greater continuity in who was discussed but not in what was discussed at handover. After the intervention, if a doctor discussed a patient at handover, that patient was more likely to be discussed at subsequent handovers. However, the picture at Monday morning remained fragmentary. The results are discussed in terms of the complexities inherent in the handover process

Altaee, A, Smith, R & Mikhalovsky, S 2008, 'The feasibility of decontamination of reduced saline sediments from copper using the electrokinetic process', Journal of Environmental Management, vol. 88, no. 4, pp. 1611-1618.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Altarawneh, M, Kennedy, EM, Dlugogorski, BZ & Mackie, JC 2008, 'Computational Study of the Oxidation and Decomposition of Dibenzofuran under Atmospheric Conditions', The Journal of Physical Chemistry A, vol. 112, no. 30, pp. 6960-6967.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Altarawneh, M, Radny, MW, Smith, PV, Mackie, JC, Kennedy, EM & Dlugogorski, BZ 2008, '2-Chlorophenol adsorption on Cu(100): First-principles density functional study', Surface Science, vol. 602, no. 8, pp. 1554-1562.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Alvarez, GA, Wang, XL, Peleckis, G, Dou, SX, Zhu, JG & Lin, ZW 2008, 'Magnetotransport and magnetic properties of weak ferromagnetic semiconductors: Ca doped LaCrO3', Journal of Applied Physics, vol. 103, no. 7, pp. 07B916-07B916.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

We report the magnetic and magnetotransport properties of Ca doped La1−xCaxCrO3 (x=0, 0.1, 0.2, and 0.3). Both the magnetic and transport properties are very sensitive to Ca substitution. The Néel temperature TN decreases substantially with increasing calcium doping concentration from 290to160K. A weak ferromagnetic state with large coercive fields of up to 3T is present for the Ca doped LaCrO3. The temperature dependence of the resistivity shows that all the Ca doped compounds are semiconducting and their resistivities decrease with increasing Ca for low doping levels. The resistivity curves show thermally activated behavior and a variable range hopping behavior at high temperatures. The magnetotransport measurements show a negative magnetoresistance. Furthermore, an anomalous peak was observed in the field dependence of magnetoresistance for the LCCO materials.

Areerachakul, N, Vigneswaran, S, Kandasamy, J & Duangduen, C 2008, 'The degradtion of humic substance using continuous photocatalysis systems', SEPARATION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY, vol. 43, no. 1, pp. 93-112.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

Photocatalytic oxidation is an emerging technology in water and wastewater treatment. Photocatalysis often leads to complete degradation of organic pollutants without the need for chemicals. This study investigated the degradation of humic substances in

Areerachakul, N, Vigneswaran, S, Ngo, HH & Kandasamy, J 2008, 'A continuous photocatalysis system in the degradation of herbicide', KOREAN JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING, vol. 25, no. 4, pp. 663-669.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

The performance of both batch and continuous photo-catalytic reactors was studied to evaluate their capabilities in removing the sulfonyl urea herbicide of metsulfuron methyl (MM). It was found in a batch reactor that the addition of a small amount of powder activated carbon (PAC) significantly increased the rate of degradation of MM. The continuous photo-catalytic system resulted in 57% of MM removal. When a small dose of activated carbon was added in the photo-catalytic system, MM removal increased to 7886% MM removal for retention times between of 5.2521 min (corresponding to withdrawal rates of 1040 mLmin-1). In this study, the pseudo first order rate constants of a continuous photo-catalytic system revealed that shorter retention times were associated with lower rate constants. Solid phase micro extraction/gas chromatography (SPME/GC) results showed that high concentrations of MM were broken down to small volatile organic compounds (VOCs) by photo-catalytic oxidation. PAC adsorbed the photo-products and increased the degradation of MM.

Aryal, RK, Lee, B-K, Karki, R, Gurung, A, Kandasamy, J, Pathak, BK, Sharma, S & Giri, N 2008, 'Seasonal PM10 dynamics in Kathmandu Valley', Atmospheric Environment, vol. 42, no. 37, pp. 8623-8633.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

Data on ambient PM10 levels from six locations in the Kathmandu Valley recorded by means of continuous sampling using low volume air samplers from October 2002 to March 2007 were used to investigate PM10 concentration dynamics in the valley. Monthly average data of the urban areas, which have much higher concentrations than the rural areas, even exceeded the daily standard level of PM10, in Nepal, 120 ?m m-3. Repetitive peaks and troughs each year indicated annual patterns. Monthly average showed seasonal patterns are different between rural area and urban sites. The highest monthly average concentration was observed in February, the end of winter in urban areas where as in rural found in spring, and the lowest concentration was observed in July (monsoon period). The continuous increase in PM10 concentration from December to February in urban areas showed accumulation of PM10 in the ambient air during the wintertime. Rainfall in June and September, during the monsoon period, caused a PM10 concentration decrease, demonstrating that precipitation is effective in removing PM10 from the valley. Cross correlation analyses among the PM10 levels measured simultaneously at the sampling stations showed a poor relationship in winter; however, there were good relationships in the monsoon and post-monsoon seasons. Both the PM10 concentration and the air-mixing environment in the valley were closely associated with the temperature and wind speed.

Azadeh, A, Ghaderi, SF, Javaheri, Z & Saberi, M 2008, 'A Fuzzy Mathematical Programming Approach to DEA Models', American Journal of Applied Sciences, vol. 5, no. 10, pp. 1352-1357.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

Evaluating the performance of activities or organizations by traditional Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) as efficiency frontier analysis models requires crisp input/output data. However, in real-world problems inputs and outputs are often imprecise. This study develops DEA models using imprecise data represented by fuzzy sets. An important outcome of assessing relative efficiencies within a group of Decision Making Units (DMUs) in fuzzy data envelopment analysis is to determine efficient DMUs. We find efficiency measures with fuzzy inputs and outputs via proposed model. An example using fuzzy data is presented for illustrative purposes. We apply this method in the application to the power generation sector of Iran. © 2008 Science Publications.

Azadeh, A, Saberi, M, Ghaderi, SF, Gitiforouz, A & Ebrahimipour, V 2008, 'Improved estimation of electricity demand function by integration of fuzzy system and data mining approach', Energy Conversion and Management, vol. 49, no. 8, pp. 2165-2177.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Bansal, G, Hossain, M & Bhargava, V 2008, 'Optimal and Suboptimal Power Allocation Schemes for OFDM-based Cognitive Radio Systems', IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications, vol. 7, no. 11, pp. 4710-4718.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Bennett, NS, Cowern, NEB, Smith, AJ, Kah, M, Gwilliam, RM, Sealy, BJ, Noakes, TCQ, Bailey, P, Giubertoni, D & Bersani, M 2008, 'Differential Hall characterisation of ultrashallow doping in advanced Si-based materials', Materials Science and Engineering: B, vol. 154-155, pp. 229-233.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Bennett, NS, Radamson, HH, Beer, CS, Smith, AJ, Gwilliam, RM, Cowern, NEB & Sealy, BJ 2008, 'Enhanced n-type dopant solubility in tensile-strained Si', Thin Solid Films, vol. 517, no. 1, pp. 331-333.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Bennett, NS, Smith, AJ, Gwilliam, RM, Webb, RP, Sealy, BJ, Cowern, NEB, O’Reilly, L & McNally, PJ 2008, 'Antimony for n-type metal oxide semiconductor ultrashallow junctions in strained Si: A superior dopant to arsenic?', Journal of Vacuum Science & Technology B: Microelectronics and Nanometer Structures Processing, Measurement, and Phenomena, vol. 26, no. 1, pp. 391-395.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

The creation of stable, highly conductive ultrashallow junctions in strained Si is a key requirement for future Si based devices. It is shown that in the presence of tensile strain, Sb becomes a strong contender to replace As as the dopant of choice due to advantages in junction depth, junction steepness, and crucially, sheet resistance. While 0.7% strain reduces resistance for both As and Sb, a result of enhanced electron mobility, the reduction is significantly larger for Sb due to an increase in donor activation. Differential Hall and secondary-ion mass spectroscopy measurements suggest this to be a consequence of a strain-induced Sb solubility enhancement following epitaxial regrowth, increasing Sb solubility in Si to levels approaching 1021cm−3. Advantages in junction depth, junction steepness, and dopant activation make Sb an interesting alternative to As for ultrashallow doping in strain-engineered complementary metal-oxide semiconductor devices.

Beveridge, NJ, Tooney, PA, Carroll, AP, Gardiner, E, Bowden, N, Scott, RJ, Tran, N, Dedova, I & Cairns, MJ 2008, 'Dysregulation of miRNA 181b in the temporal cortex in schizophrenia', Human Molecular Genetics, vol. 17, no. 8, pp. 1156-1168.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

Analysis of global microRNA (miRNA) expression in postmortem cortical grey matter from the superior temporal gyrus, revealed significant up-regulation of miR-181b expression in schizophrenia. This finding was supported by quantitative real-time RT-PCR analysis of miRNA expression in a cohort of 21 matched pairs of schizophrenia and non-psychiatric controls. The implications of this finding are substantial, as this miRNA is predicted to regulate many target genes with potential significance to the development of schizophrenia. They include the calcium sensor gene visinin-like 1 (VSNL1) and the ionotropic AMPA glutamate receptor subunit (GRIA2), which were found to be down-regulated in the same cortical tissue from the schizophrenia group. Both of these genes were also suppressed in miR-181b transfected cells and shown to contain functional miR-181b miRNA recognition elements by reporter gene assay. This study suggests altered miRNA levels could be a significant factor in the dysregulation of cortical gene expression in schizophrenia. © 2008 The Author(s).

Bian Wu, Chang-hong Liang, Qi Li & Pei-yuan Qin 2008, 'Novel Dual-Band Filter Incorporating Defected SIR and Microstrip SIR', IEEE Microwave and Wireless Components Letters, vol. 18, no. 6, pp. 392-394.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Bing, S, Yin-feng, X & Shui, Y 2008, 'Online selection model and competitive analysis of vehicle routing in grid transportation network', Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering, vol. 8, no. 6, pp. 110-115.
View description>>

In order to analyze the vehicle routing problem under sudden road blockage in grid transportation network, a vehicle routing model was proposed by using the methods of online problem and competitive strategy, direction greedy strategy and multi-alternative moving strategy were designed, and the competitive ratios of two strategies were computed. Analysis result indicates that the cost of direction greedy strategy is 3 times than the optimal cost under sudden road blockage state, multi-alternative moving strategy has a good performance with practical restriction for different cases, the cost of multi-alternative moving strategy is 2 times than the optimal cost in the worst case, the competitive ratios of two strategies are not more than the infimum of the competitive ratio for unexpected blockage problem in general networks. 3 figs, 17 refs.

Browne, RW, Bloom, MS, Schisterman, EF, Hovey, K, Trevisan, M, Wu, C, Liu, A & Wactawski-Wende, J 2008, 'Analytical and biological variation of biomarkers of oxidative stress during the menstrual cycle', Biomarkers, vol. 13, no. 2, pp. 160-183.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

Little information is available on the intra-individual variability of oxidative stress biomarkers in healthy individuals and even less in the context of the menstrual cycle. The objective of this study was to characterize the analytical and biological variability of a panel of 21 markers of oxidative damage, antioxidant defence and micronutrients in nine healthy, regularly menstruating women aged 18-44 years. Analyses included measurement of lipid peroxidation, antioxidant enzymes and antioxidant vitamins. Blood specimens were collected, processed and stored using standardized procedures on days 2, 7, 12, 13, 14, 18, 22 and 28 in one cycle for each subject. Replicate analyses of markers were performed and two-way nested random effects ANOVA was used to describe analytical, intra-individual and inter-individual variability. No statistically significant differences at α = 0.05, or temporal effects across the menstrual cycle were observed. Analytical variability was the smallest component of variance for all variables. The ICC among replicates ranged from 0.80 to 0.98. Imprecision based on quality control materials ranged from 1 to 11%. The critical differences between serial results varied greatly between assays ranging from 6 to 216% of the mean level. These results provide important initial information on the variability of biomarkers of oxidative stress, antioxidant defence and micronutrients across the menstrual cycle.

Bruti Liberati, N, Martini, F, Piccardi, M & Platen, E 2008, 'A Hardware Generator of Multi-Point Distributed Random Numbers for Monte Carlo Simulation', Mathematics and Computers in Simulation, vol. 77, no. 1, pp. 45-56.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

Monte Carlo simulation of weak approximation of stochastic differential equations constitutes an intensive computational task. In applications such as finance, for instance, to achieve 'real time' execution, as often required, one needs highly efficient implementations of the multi-point distributed random number generator underlying the simulations. In this paper, a fast and flexible dedicated hardware solution on a field programmable gate array is presented. A comparative performance analysis between a software-only and the poposed hardware solution demonstrated that the hardware solution is bottleneck-free, retains the flexibility of the software solution and significantly increases the computational efficiency. Moreover, simulations in Applications wuch as economics insurance, physics, population dynamics, epidemiology, structural mechanics, checmistry and biotechnology can benefit from the obtained speedups.

CAO, L 2008, 'INTEGRATING AGENT, SERVICE AND ORGANIZATIONAL COMPUTING', International Journal of Software Engineering and Knowledge Engineering, vol. 18, no. 05, pp. 573-596.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

Engineering open complex systems is challenging because of system complexities such as openness, the involvement of organizational factors and service delivery. It cannot be handled well by the single use of existing computing techniques such as agent-based computing and service-oriented computing. Due to the intrinsic organizational characteristics and the request of service delivery, an integrative computing paradigm combining agent, service, organizational and social computing can open complex systems more effectively engineering. In this paper, we briefly introduce an integrative computing approach named OASOC for system analysis and design. It combines and complements the strengths of agent, service and organizational computing to handle the complexities of open complex systems. OASOC provides facilities for organization-oriented analysis and agent service-oriented design. It also supports transition between analysis and design. Compared with the existing approaches, our approach can (1) support service and organization that are either rarely or weakly covered by single computing methods, (2) provide effective mechanisms to integrate agent, service and organizational computing, and (3) complement the strengths of various methods. Experiences in engineering an online trading support system have further shown the workable capability of integrating agent, service and organizational computing for engineering open complex systems.

Cao, L & Nguyen, NT 2008, 'Intelligence metasynthesis and knowledge processing in intelligent systems', Journal of Universal Computer Science, vol. 14, no. 14, pp. 2256-2262.
View description>>

Intelligence and Knowledge play more and more important roles in building complex intelligent systems, for instance, intrusion detection systems, and operational analysis systems. Knowledge processing in complex intelligent systems faces new challenges from the increased number of applications and environment, such as the requirements of representing domain and human knowledge in intelligent systems, and discovering actionable knowledge on a large scale in distributed web applications. In this paper, we discuss the main challenges of, and promising approaches to, intelligence metasynthesis and knowledge processing in open complex intelligent systems. We believe (1) ubiquitous intelligence, including data intelligence, domain intelligence, human intelligence, network intelligence and social intelligence, is necessary for OCIS, which needs to be meta-synthesized; and (2) knowledge processing should pay more attention to developing innovative and workable methodologies, techniques, tools and systems for representing, modelling, transforming, discovering and servicing the uncertain, large-scale, deep, distributed, domain-oriented, human-involved, and actionable knowledge highly expected in constructing open complex intelligent systems. To this end, the meta-synthesis of ubiquitous intelligence is an appropriate way in designing complex intelligent systems. To support intelligence meta-synthesis, m-interaction can play as the working mechanism to form rn-spaces as problem-solving systems. In building such m-spaces, advancement in knowledge processing is necessary. © J.UCS.

Cao, L & Ou, Y 2008, 'Market microstructure patterns powering trading and surveillance agents', Journal of Universal Computer Science, vol. 14, no. 14, pp. 2288-2308.
View description>>

Market Surveillance plays important mechanism roles in constructing market models. From data analysis perspective, we view it valuable for smart trading in designing legal and profitable trading strategies and smart regulation in maintaining market integrity, transparency and fairness. The existing trading pattern analysis only focuses on interday data which discloses explicit and high-level market dynamics. In the mean time, the existing market surveillance systems available from large exchanges are facing crucial challenges of diversified, dynamic, distributed and cyber-based misuse, mis-disclosure and misdealing of information, announcement and orders in one market or crossing multiple markets. Therefore, there is a crucial need to develop innovative and workable methods for smart trading and surveillance. To deal with such issues, we propose the innovative concept microstructure pattern analysis and corresponding approaches in this paper. Microstructure pattern analysis studies trading behaviour patterns of traders in market microstructure data by utilizing market microstructure knowledge. The identified market microstructure patterns are then used for powering market trading and surveillance agents for automatically detecting/designing profitable and legal trading strategies or monitoring abnormal market dynamics and trader's behaviour. Such trading/surveillance agent-driven market trading/surveillance systems can greatly enhance the analytical, discovery and decision-support capability of market trading/surveillance than the current predefined rule/alert-based systems. © J.UCS.

Cao, L, Zhao, Y & Zhang, C 2008, 'Mining Impact-Targeted Activity Patterns in Imbalanced Data', IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data Engineering, vol. 20, no. 8, pp. 1053-1066.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

Impact-targeted activities are rare but they may have a significant impact on the society. For example, isolated terrorism activities may lead to a disastrous event, threatening the national security. Similar issues can also be seen in many other areas. Therefore, it is important to identify such particular activities before they lead to having a significant impact to the world. However, it is challenging to mine impact-targeted activity patterns due to their imbalanced structure. This paper develops techniques for discovering such activity patterns. First, the complexities of mining imbalanced impact-targeted activities are analyzed. We then discuss strategies for constructing impact-targeted activity sequences. Algorithms are developed to mine frequent positive-impact-oriented (P → T) and negative-impact-oriented (P → T̄) activity patterns, sequential impact-contrasted activity patterns (P is frequently associated with both patterns P → T and P → T̄ in separated data sets), and sequential impact-reversed activity patterns (both P → T and PQ → T̄ are frequent). Activity impact modeling is also studied to quantify the pattern impact on business outcomes. Social security debt-related activity data is used to test the proposed approaches. The outcomes show that they are promising for information and security informatics (ISI) applications to identify impact-targeted activity patterns in imbalanced data. © 2008 IEEE.

CAO, L, ZHAO, Y, ZHANG, C & ZHANG, H 2008, 'ACTIVITY MINING: FROM ACTIVITIES TO ACTIONS', International Journal of Information Technology & Decision Making, vol. 07, no. 02, pp. 259-273.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

Activity data accumulated in real life, such as terrorist activities and governmental customer contacts, present special structural and semantic complexities. Activity data may lead to or be associated with significant business impacts, and result in important actions and decision making leading to business advantage. For instance, a series of terrorist activities may trigger a disaster to society, and large amounts of fraudulent activities in social security programs may result in huge government customer debt. Uncovering these activities or activity sequences can greatly evidence and/or enhance corresponding actions in business decisions. However, mining such data challenges the existing KDD research in aspects such as unbalanced data distribution and impact-targeted pattern mining. This paper investigates the characteristics and challenges of activity data, and the methodologies and tasks of activity mining based on case-study experience in the area of social security. Activity mining aims to discover high impact activity patterns in huge volumes of unbalanced activity transactions. Activity patterns identified can be used to prevent disastrous events or improve business decision making and processes. We illustrate the above issues and prospects in mining governmental customer contacts data to recover customer debt.

Catchpoole, D, Guo, D, Jiang, H & Biesheuvel, C 2008, 'Predicting outcome in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia using gene expression profiling: Prognostication or protocol selection?', Blood, vol. 111, no. 4, pp. 2486-2487.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Catley, C, McGregor, C, Percival, J, Curry, J, James, A & IEEE 2008, 'Multi-dimensional Knowledge Translation: Enabling Health Informatics Capacity Audits Using Patient Journey Models', 2008 30th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, Vols 1-8, pp. 1502-1505.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Cetindamar, D & Hopkins, T 2008, 'Enhancing students’ responsibility towards society through civic involvement projects', Innovations in Education and Teaching International, vol. 45, no. 4, pp. 401-410.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Cetindamar, D & Ulusoy, G 2008, 'Innovation performance and partnerships in manufacturing firms in Turkey', Journal of Manufacturing Technology Management, vol. 19, no. 3, pp. 332-345.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

PurposeThis paper aims to shed light on the relationship between partnerships and innovation efforts of the firms. The goal is to understand whether Turkish firms collaborate for innovation or not and, if they do, what is the impact of partnerships on the innovation performance of firms?Design/methodology/approachIn this research, a survey methodology is employed. The questionnaire is implemented through structured interviews conducted with 135 Turkish companies from the textile, chemical, food and machinery industries.FindingsThe findings show that Turkish firms have high‐collaboration ties with other companies in particular but the existing partnerships have a weak impact on innovation performance.Research limitations/implicationsAs only one country is studied and data come from one year, the findings of this study are limited in terms of generalizing the results for a wide variety of developing countries.Practical implicationsNon‐materialized performance is to a degree due to low quality of relationships, but more importantly Turkish firms need to find ways to improve their partnerships and in‐house capabilities, particularly their absorptive capacities, if they want to improve their innovativeness through partnerships.Originality/valueThis paper is one of the early examples empirically investigating the relationship between technology collaborations and innovation performance of firms in a developing country c...

Chakarov, VE, Shannon, AG, Sorsich, JG & Atanassov, KT 2008, 'Generalized net model of the endocrine system', COMPTES RENDUS DE L ACADEMIE BULGARE DES SCIENCES, vol. 61, no. 6, pp. 705-712.
View description>>

In a series of papers the authors describe the whole human body, its separate systems and their relationships by generalized nets (GNs). In the present paper a GN-model of the human endocrine system is constructed.

CHAN, KY, FOGARTY, TC, AYDIN, ME, LING, SH & IU, HHC 2008, 'GENETIC ALGORITHMS WITH DYNAMIC MUTATION RATES AND THEIR INDUSTRIAL APPLICATIONS', International Journal of Computational Intelligence and Applications, vol. 07, no. 02, pp. 103-128.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

This paper presents a method on how to estimate main effects of gene representation. This estimate can be used not only to understand the domination of genes in the representation but also to design the mutation rate in genetic algorithms (GAs). A new approach of dynamic mutation rate is proposed by integrating the information of the main effects into the genes. By introducing the proposed method in GAs, both solution quality and solution stability can be improved in solving a set of parametrical test functions. The algorithm was applied to two illustrative applications to evaluate the performance of the proposed method, where the first application is on solving uncapacitated facility location problems and the next is on optimal power flow problems, which are employed. Results indicate that the proposed method yields significantly better results than the existing methods.

Chang, C-Y, Chang, J-S, Vigneswaran, S & Kandasamy, J 2008, 'Pharmaceutical wastewater treatment by membrane bioreactor process – a case study in southern Taiwan', Desalination, vol. 234, no. 1-3, pp. 393-401.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

A pilot-scale study of pharmaceutical wastewater treatment by a membrane bioreactor (MBR) process in southern Taiwan is presented in this paper. A 10 m3/day capacity MBR plant consisting of an aeration tank and a membrane bioreactor was installed to remove organic matter (measured in terms of chemical oxygen demand (COD)). The performance of the MBR was monitored for a period of 140 days. The removal of COD was on average over 95%. The effluent did not contain any suspended solids. During the 140 days of operation, manual cleaning was carried out twice and chemical cleaning was carried out once. A natural logarithmic evolution of the viscosity with TSS concentration was observed. The results of SEM and EDX demonstrated that the fouling on the membrane outer surface was mainly due to microorganisms and/or the sludge physiological properties. The results indicated that the MBR system has potential as a means of treating high-strength and fluctuating strength wastewater with consistent performance. © 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Chang, JS, Vigneswaran, S, Kandasamy, JK & Tsai, LJ 2008, 'Effect of pore size and particle size distribution on granular bed filtration and microfiltration', SEPARATION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY, vol. 43, no. 7, pp. 1771-1784.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

The paper reviews the effect of particle size distribution and pore size distribution on granular bed filter and crossflow microfiltration performance. The experimental results of the granular bed filter with pollen particles in suspension showed that the presence of large particles improved the filter efficiency of smaller particles in suspension. Microfiltration results with bi and tri-modal latex suspensions showed that the permeate flux and the quality were significantly affected by the particle size and its distribution, especially when the particle size was smaller than the pore size of the membrane. The mathematical model simulation results of granular bed filtration show that media pore size distribution is an important parameter of filtration for the particle removal and pressure drop across the filter

Chen, C-H, Lin, C-J & Lin, C-T 2008, 'An efficient quantum neuro-fuzzy classifier based on fuzzy entropy and compensatory operation', Soft Computing, vol. 12, no. 6, pp. 567-583.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Chen, J, Duan, R, Ji, Z, Ying, M & Yu, J 2008, 'Existence of universal entangler', JOURNAL OF MATHEMATICAL PHYSICS, vol. 49, no. 1, pp. 1-7.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

A gate is called an entangler if it transforms some (pure) product states to entangled states. A universal entangler is a gate which transforms all product states to entangled states. In practice, a universal entangler is a very powerful device for generating entanglements, and thus provides important physical resources for accomplishing many tasks in quantum computing and quantum information. This paper demonstrates that a universal entangler always exists except for a degenerated case. Nevertheless, the problem how to find a universal entangler remains open. © 2008 American Institute of Physics.

Chen, J, Guo, Y, Zhu, JG & Lin, ZW 2008, 'A general electromagnetic field-circuit coupling method based on time-stepping finite element analysis for performance analysis of pulse-width modulated switching converters considering hysteresis effects', Journal of Applied Physics, vol. 103, no. 7, pp. 1-3.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

Considering the special characteristics existing in the pulse-width modulated (PWM) switching converter, a general method for the time-stepping finite element analysis based electromagnetic field coupling with its feeding circuit used in the analysis of PWM switching converter considering hysteresis effects is introduced in this paper. Comparing with the electromagnetic field-circuit indirect coupling method (ICM), the proposed method has overcome the drawback that the ICM cannot take the hysteresis effects into account. Compared with the electromagnetic field-circuit direct coupling method (DCM), the proposed method has the similar accuracy but higher efficiency. Furthermore, like the ICM, the proposed method also divides the system with higher state dimensions produced by the DCM into two subsystems with lower state dimensions; this may reduce the algorithm convergence problem which often happens in high dimensional systems. © 2008 American Institute of Physics.

Chen, J, Guo, Y, Zhu, JG & Lin, ZW 2008, 'A general electromagnetic field-circuit coupling method based on time-stepping finite element analysis for performance analysis of pulse-width modulated switching converters considering hysteresis effects', Journal of Applied Physics, vol. 103, no. 7, pp. 07D910-07D910.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

Considering the special characteristics existing in the pulse-width modulated (PWM) switching converter, a general method for the time-stepping finite element analysis based electromagnetic field coupling with its feeding circuit used in the analysis of PWM switching converter considering hysteresis effects is introduced in this paper. Comparing with the electromagnetic field-circuit indirect coupling method (ICM), the proposed method has overcome the drawback that the ICM cannot take the hysteresis effects into account. Compared with the electromagnetic field-circuit direct coupling method (DCM), the proposed method has the similar accuracy but higher efficiency. Furthermore, like the ICM, the proposed method also divides the system with higher state dimensions produced by the DCM into two subsystems with lower state dimensions; this may reduce the algorithm convergence problem which often happens in high dimensional systems.

Chen, JX, Zhu, JG & Guo, YG 2008, 'A unified discrete model for PWM switching DC to DC converters with current-mode control', Australian Journal of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, vol. 4, no. 1, pp. 63-71.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

This paper presents a unified discrete model for pulse-width modulated (PWM) switching DC to DC converters. The major achievement is that, without any topology modification, the proposed model can be used for performance analysis of the buck, boost and buck-boost converters with any of the two current-mode controls: peak current-mode control and average current-mode control. Three important factors are considered: parasitical effects of circuit elements, non-linear inductance dependent on the current flowing through it, and control time delay, such that the accuracy of performance prediction is greatly improved. Magnetic field finite element analysis (FEA) is conducted to calculate the non-linear differential inductance. By implementing the proposed model into Matlab/Simulink, a simulation model is built. The model has been used for the performance analysis of an existing flyback converter with the peak current-mode control. The simulation results are in good agreement with the actual performance, validating the proposed model.

Chen, W, Cao, L & Qin, Z 2008, 'An integrated investment decision-support framework analysing and synthesising multidimensional market dynamics', International Journal of Intelligent Systems Technologies and Applications, vol. 4, no. 3/4, pp. 239-239.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

In stock markets, the performance of traditional technology-based investment methods is limited because such methods only take into account single-dimensional market dynamics. The paper shows how the integration of multi-dimensional dynamics can improve performance. We propose a novel three-layer integrated framework composed of Analysis, Synthesis, and Investment Decision Support. At the first layer, multi-dimensional market dynamics are identified, in which we emphasise two key aspects that previous studies have neglected: unique trends of stocks, and a two-way reflexivity relationship of investors' decisions and market reactions. At the second layer, multi-dimensional dynamics are synthesized to reflect real and potential market situations. At the third layer, a prototype integrates the functions of first two layers for investment decision support. The framework covers multi-dimensional dynamics, and incorporates the concepts and advantages of traditional investment methods. The framework is promising, and our experimental results indicated that it outperformed market baselines and single-dimensional conventional methods.

Chen, W, Cao, L & Qin, Z 2008, 'An integrated investment decision-support framework analysing and synthesising multidimensional market dynamics', International Journal of Intelligent Systems Technologies and Applications, vol. 4, no. 3-4, pp. 239-253.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

In stock markets, the performance of traditional technology-based investment methods is limited because such methods only take into account single-dimensional market dynamics. The paper shows how the integration of multi-dimensional dynamics can improve performance. We propose a novel three-layer integrated framework composed of Analysis, Synthesis, and Investment Decision Support. At the first layer, multi-dimensional market dynamics are identified, in which we emphasize two key aspects that previous studies have neglected: unique trends of stocks, and a two-way reflexivity relationship of investors’ decisions and market reactions. At the second layer, multi-dimensional dynamics are synthesized to reflect real and potential market situations. At the third layer, a prototype integrates the functions of first two layers for investment decision support. The framework covers multi-dimensional dynamics, and incorporates the concepts and advantages of traditional investment methods. The framework is promising, and our experimental results indicated that it outperformed market baselines and single-dimensional conventional methods. © 2008 Inderscience Enterprises Ltd.

Chen, W, Li, J, Li, S, Jiang, Z, Li, H & Peng, J 2008, 'High nonlinear photonic crystal fiber and its supercontinuum spectrum', Frontiers of Optoelectronics in China, vol. 1, no. 1-2, pp. 75-78.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Chen, Y, Zhang, J & Jayalath, ADS 2008, 'Clipping noise compensation for OFDM systems', Electronics Letters, vol. 44, no. 25, pp. 1490-1491.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Cheng, B, Ritz, CH & Burnett, IS 2008, 'Psychoacoustic-based quantisation of spatial audio cues', Electronics Letters, vol. 44, no. 18, pp. 1098-1099.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Cheng, TM, Savkin, AV, Celler, BG, Su, SW & Wang, L 2008, 'Nonlinear Modeling and Control of Human Heart Rate Response During Exercise With Various Work Load Intensities', IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING, vol. 55, no. 11, pp. 2499-2508.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

The first objective of this paper is to introduce a nonlinear system to model the heart rate (HR) response during and after treadmill walking exercise. The model is a feedback interconnected system that has components to describe the central and peripheral local responses to exercise and their interactions. The parameters of the model were experimentally identified from subjects walking on a treadmill at different speeds. The stability of the obtained nonlinear model was mathematically proven. The modeling results demonstrate that the proposed model can be useful in examining the cardiovascular response to exercise. Based on the nonlinear model, the second objective is to present a computer-controlled treadmill system for the regulation of HR during treadmill exercise. The proposed nonlinear controller consists of feedforward and feedback components. The designed control system was experimentally verified and the results demonstrated that the proposed computer-controlled treadmill system regulated the HR of the experimental subjects according to two different exercising HR profiles, indicating that it can play an important role in the design of exercise protocols for individuals. © 2006 IEEE.

Cheng-Hung Chen, Cheng-Jian Lin & Chin-Teng Lin 2008, 'A Functional-Link-Based Neurofuzzy Network for Nonlinear System Control', IEEE Transactions on Fuzzy Systems, vol. 16, no. 5, pp. 1362-1378.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Cheng-Jian Lin, Cheng-Hung Chen & Chin-Teng Lin 2008, 'Efficient Self-Evolving Evolutionary Learning for Neurofuzzy Inference Systems', IEEE Transactions on Fuzzy Systems, vol. 16, no. 6, pp. 1476-1490.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Chiemchaisri, C, Passananon, S, Ngo, HH & Vigneswaran, S 2008, 'Enhanced natural organic matter removal in floating media filter coupled with microfiltration membrane for river water treatment', DESALINATION, vol. 234, no. 1-3, pp. 335-343.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

This research work was carried out to determine natural organic matter (NOM) removal in floating media filter coupled with microfiltration membrane applied to the treatment of river water in Bangkok, Thailand. Polyaluminum chloride was found to be the most effective coagulant providing enhanced coagulation effect for NOM removal. Optimum filtration rate of floating media filter was 11 m3/m2 h at which highest NOM removal efficiencies of 82.2% was achieved. Subsequent treatment in microfiltration membrane unit operated at a filtration rate of 0.45 m3/m2 d provided total NOM removal of 85.786.6%. Periodical cleanings of floating media filter and microfiltration membrane were accomplished by using air scouring coupled with water flushing at every 8 and 24 h interval. As a result of NOM removal, the sum of trihalomethane (THM) ratio was reduced from 0.51.1 in raw water to 0.20.6 in treated water. Membrane fouling study revealed that both turbidity and NOM affected transmembrane pressure (TMP) built up but particulate fouling provided greater impact on TMP as compared to organic adsorption on the membrane surface.

Chindaprasirt, P, Rukzon, S & Sirivivatnanon, V 2008, 'Effect of carbon dioxide on chloride penetration and chloride ion diffusion coefficient of blended Portland cement mortar', CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS, vol. 22, no. 8, pp. 1701-1707.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Chindaprasirt, P, Rukzon, S & Sirivivatnanon, V 2008, 'Resistance to chloride penetration of blended Portland cement mortar containing palm oil fuel ash, rice husk ash and fly ash', CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS, vol. 22, no. 5, pp. 932-938.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Chin-Teng Lin, Li-Wei Ko, Jin-Chern Chiou, Jeng-Ren Duann, Ruey-Song Huang, Sheng-Fu Liang, Tzai-Wen Chiu & Tzyy-Ping Jung 2008, 'Noninvasive Neural Prostheses Using Mobile and Wireless EEG', Proceedings of the IEEE, vol. 96, no. 7, pp. 1167-1183.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Chin-Teng Lin, Yuan-Chu Yu & Lan-Da Van 2008, 'Cost-Effective Triple-Mode Reconfigurable Pipeline FFT/IFFT/2-D DCT Processor', IEEE Transactions on Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI) Systems, vol. 16, no. 8, pp. 1058-1071.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Choi, FC, Li, J, Samali, B & Crews, K 2008, 'Application of the modified damage index method to timber beams', Engineering Structures, vol. 30, no. 4, pp. 1124-1145.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

2007, Australia Received 31 August 2006; revised 16 July 2007; Accepted 16 July 2007. Available online 21 August 2007. Abstract In this paper the use of two existing algorithms developed for global nondestructive evaluation to locate and evaluate localised damage in timber beams is investigated using a finite element model. These damage localisation algorithms were found, through this investigation, not to be effective in locating multiple damage scenarios and unable to evaluate the severity of damage. Hence, modifications on damage index algorithms as well as a hybrid algorithm are proposed to overcome the problems. In this study, experimental modal analysis (EMA) was used as a tool to extract mode shapes for calculating the damage index in the proposed method which utilises changes in modal strain energy between the undamaged and the damaged timber beam model. The modified damage index (MDI) method normalises the mode shape curvature and the hybrid algorithm combines the modified damage index and changes in flexibility algorithms which reflect the changes of natural frequency and mode shape. Analytical evaluations were performed to compare and verify the ability of original and modified damage localisation algorithms in locating single and multiple damage in timber beams. The modified damage index (MDI) algorithm and the hybrid damage algorithm are also used in the experimental studies to validate the effectiveness of the methods to locate and evaluate damage within timber beams by laboratory experiments.

Choudhury, D & Nimbalkar, SS 2008, 'Seismic Rotational Displacement of Gravity Walls by Pseudodynamic Method', International Journal of Geomechanics, vol. 8, no. 3, pp. 169-175.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Chunlin Chen, Han-Xiong Li & Daoyi Dong 2008, 'Hybrid Control for Robot Navigation - A Hierarchical Q-Learning Algorithm', IEEE Robotics & Automation Magazine, vol. 15, no. 2, pp. 37-47.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Chunlin, C, Daoyi, D, Zonghai, C & Haibo, W 2008, 'Grey systems for intelligent sensors and information processing', Journal of Systems Engineering and Electronics, vol. 19, no. 4, pp. 659-665.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Clarysse, T, Bogdanowicz, J, Goossens, J, Moussa, A, Rosseel, E, Vandervorst, W, Petersen, DH, Lin, R, Nielsen, PF, Hansen, O, Merklin, G, Bennett, NS & Cowern, NEB 2008, 'On the analysis of the activation mechanisms of sub-melt laser anneals', Materials Science and Engineering: B, vol. 154-155, pp. 24-30.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Collocott, SJ, Dunlop, JB & Watterson, PA 2008, 'Thermal and spontaneous remagnetization in the bulk amorphous ferromagnets Nd(60)Fe(30)Al(10) and Nd(60)Fe(20)Co(10)Al(10)', JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS, vol. 103, no. 7, pp. 1-3.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

Bulk amorphous Nd60Fe30Al10 and Nd60Fe20Co10Al10 alloys, which display hard magnetic properties, have been prepared by arc melting and quenching into a copper mould. Following magnetic saturation and dc demagnetization, at room temperature, both materials are seen to exhibit the phenomena of thermal and spontaneous remagnetizations. The behavior of the observed thermal and spontaneous remagnetizations is similar to that exhibited in nucleation controlled sintered permanent magnets. The thermal remagnetization data are fitted using a model, developed from the theory of Schumann and Jahn [J. Magn. Magn. Mater. 232, 231 (2001)] for explaining thermal remagnetization in polycrystalline magnets, to gauge its usefulness when applied to amorphous ferromagnets. The spontaneous remagnetization behavior is interpreted in the context of the Preisach model.

Cordero, ML, Burnham, DR, Baroud, CN & McGloin, D 2008, 'Thermocapillary manipulation of droplets using holographic beam shaping: Microfluidic pin ball', Applied Physics Letters, vol. 93, no. 3, pp. 034107-034107.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

We demonstrate that holographically generated optical patterns offer greater flexibility for the thermocapillary control of water droplets than Gaussian spots; droplets can be stopped in faster flows while using less optical intensity when the surface tension variations are created by line patterns instead of single spots. Further, experiments are performed making use of variable light patterns to achieve controlled droplet routing in a four-way cross microfluidic channel. Finally, multiple droplet storage is demonstrated as well as changing drop order.

Cowern, NEB, Smith, AJ, Bennett, NS, Sealy, BJ, Gwilliam, R, Webb, RP, Colombeau, B, Paul, S, Lerch, W & Pakfar, A 2008, 'Vacancy Engineering – An Ultra-Low Thermal Budget Method for High-Concentration 'Diffusionless' Implantation Doping', Materials Science Forum, vol. 573-574, pp. 295-304.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

This paper reviews the physics and the potential application of ion-implanted vacanciesfor high-performance B-doped ultra-shallow junctions. By treatment of silicon films with vacancygeneratingimplants prior to boron implantation, electrically active boron concentrationsapproaching 1021 cm-3 can be achieved by Rapid Thermal Annealing at low temperatures, withoutthe use of preamorphisation. Source/drain (S/D) junctions formed by advanced vacancy engineeringimplants (VEI) are activated far above solubility. Furthermore, in the case of appropriatelyengineered thin silicon films, this activation is stable with respect to deactivation and the dopingprofile is practically diffusionless. Sheet resistance Rs is predicted to stay almost constant withdecreasing junction depth Xj, thus potentially outperforming other S/D engineering approaches atthe ‘32 nm node’ and beyond.

Cui, YH, Wang, X, Zhang, YX, Wu, YF & Xu, JF 2008, 'Poroelastic properties of anisotropic cylindrical composite materials', Philosophical Magazine Letters, vol. 88, no. 11, pp. 767-783.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Daoyi Dong, Chunlin Chen, Tzyh-Jong Tarn, Pechen, A & Rabitz, H 2008, 'Incoherent Control of Quantum Systems With Wavefunction-Controllable Subspaces via Quantum Reinforcement Learning', IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, Part B (Cybernetics), vol. 38, no. 4, pp. 957-962.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Darestani, MY, Thambiratnam, DP, Nataatmadja, A & Baweja, D 2008, 'Influence of vehicular positions and thermal effects on structural behaviour of concrete pavement', JOURNAL OF MECHANICS OF MATERIALS AND STRUCTURES, vol. 3, no. 3, pp. 567-589.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

Structural response of concrete pavements is influenced by the position of the axle loads and if critical load positions are not considered in concrete pavement analysis, the design may be inadequate and lead to early failure of the pavement. Whilst there has been a great deal of research conducted on concrete pavement performance and deterioration under vehicular loads and environmental forces, there is a lack of adequate information on effects of vehicular load positions on pavement responses. Critical positions of different axle groups in uncurled and curled jointed concrete pavement with different configurations were determined in the current study. Results indicate that structural performance of concrete pavements is significantly affected by boundary conditions between concrete slab and base. Corner loading was found to be critical in bonded concrete pavement. Corner loading is also critical when a separation occurs between unbonded concrete slab and base. Furthermore, the benefits offered by unbonded boundary condition cease at a certain differential temperature. Hence, a particular care needs to be considered in projects constructed in extremes of heat or cold. In presence of high differential temperature together with axle loading, joint faulting in unreinforced concrete pavements is affected by concrete slab thickness.

Dellepiane, M, Pietroni, N, Tsingos, N, Asselot, M & Scopigno, R 2008, 'Reconstructing head models from photographs for individualized 3D-audio processing.', Comput. Graph. Forum, vol. 27, pp. 1719-1727.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Deuse, J, Krebs, M, Droste, M & Döhrer, K 2008, 'Bauteilreinigung im Wertstrom', Zeitschrift für wirtschaftlichen Fabrikbetrieb, vol. 103, no. 9, pp. 598-601.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

Kurzfassung In einer prozessorientierten Produktion stellt das kontinuierliche Fließen der Produkte durch die wertschöpfenden Prozesse heutzutage einen wesentlichen Ansatz zur wirtschaftlichen Fertigung dar. Gleichzeitig nimmt die Bedeutung der oft zentral organisierten und auf Batchbetrieb ausgelegten Bauteilreinigung auf Grund von gestiegenen Reinheitsanforderungen in der industriellen Praxis stark zu. Durch das innovative Verfahren der Vibrationsreinigung mit seiner Inlinefähigkeit und Ein-Stück-Reinigung wird versucht, diese konträren Entwicklungen zu kompensieren. Dieser Beitrag stellt daher am Beispiel der Vibrationsreinigungstechnik dar, wie Bauteilreinigungsanlagen mit Hilfe von Handhabungseinrichtungen in den Wertstrom integriert werden können.

Devitt, SJ, Fowler, AG, Stephens, AM, Greentree, AD, Hollenberg, LCL, Munro, WJ & Nemoto, K 2008, 'Architectural design for a topological cluster state quantum computer', New. J. Phys., vol. 11, p. 083032.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

The development of a large scale quantum computer is a highly sought aftergoal of fundamental research and consequently a highly non-trivial problem.Scalability in quantum information processing is not just a problem of qubitmanufacturing and control but it crucially depends on the ability to adaptadvanced techniques in quantum information theory, such as error correction, tothe experimental restrictions of assembling qubit arrays into the millions. Inthis paper we introduce a feasible architectural design for large scale quantumcomputation in optical systems. We combine the recent developments intopological cluster state computation with the photonic module, a simple chipbased device which can be used as a fundamental building block for a largescale computer. The integration of the topological cluster model with thiscomparatively simple operational element addresses many significant issues inscalable computing and leads to a promising modular architecture with completeintegration of active error correction exhibiting high fault-tolerantthresholds.

Devitt, SJ, Munro, WJ & Nemoto, K 2008, 'High Performance Quantum Computing', Progress in Informatics 8 (2011): 49-55, no. 8, pp. 49-55.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

The architecture scalability afforded by recent proposals of a large scalephotonic based quantum computer, utilizing the theoretical developments oftopological cluster states and the photonic chip, allows us to move on to adiscussion of massively scaled Quantum Information Processing (QIP). In thisletter we introduce the model for a secure and unsecured topological clustermainframe. We consider the quantum analogue of High Performance Computing,where a dedicated server farm is utilized by many users to run algorithms andshare quantum data. The scaling structure of photonics based topologicalcluster computing leads to an attractive future for server based QIP, wherededicated mainframes can be constructed and/or expanded to serve anincreasingly hungry user base with the ideal resource for individual quantuminformation processing.

Ding, GKC 2008, 'Sustainable construction—The role of environmental assessment tools', Journal of Environmental Management, vol. 86, no. 3, pp. 451-464.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

Construction has been accused of causing environmental problems ranging from excessive consumption of global resources both in terms of construction and building operation to the pollution of the surrounding environment, and research on green building design and using building materials to minimise environmental impact is already underway. However, relying on the design of a project to achieve the goal of sustainable development, or to minimise impacts through appropriate management on site, is not sufficient to handle the current problem. The aim for sustainability assessment goes even further than at the design stage of a project to consider its importance at an early stage, before any detailed design or even before a commitment is made to go ahead with a development. However, little or no concern has been given to the importance of selecting more environmentally friendly designs during the project appraisal stage; the stage when environmental matters are best incorporated. The main objectives of this paper are to examine the development, role and limitations of current environmental building assessment methods in ascertaining building sustainability used in different countries which leads to discuss the concept of developing a. sustainability model for project appraisal based on a multi-dimensional approach, that will allow alternatives to be ranked is discussed in detail in the paper. © 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Dissanayake, T & Esselle, KP 2008, 'UWB Performance of Compact L-shaped Wide Slot Antennas', IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, vol. 56, no. 4, pp. 1183-1187.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Doeller, M, Tous, R, Gruhne, M, Yoon, K, Sano, M & Burnett, IS 2008, 'The MPEG Query Format: Unifying Access to Multimedia Retrieval Systems', IEEE MULTIMEDIA, vol. 15, no. 4, pp. 82-95.

Dong, D, Chen, C, Li, H & Tarn, T-J 2008, 'Quantum reinforcement learning', IEEE Transactions on Systems Man and Cybernetics Part B: Cybernetics, vol. 38, p. 5.
View description>>

The key approaches for machine learning, especially learning in unknownprobabilistic environments are new representations and computation mechanisms.In this paper, a novel quantum reinforcement learning (QRL) method is proposedby combining quantum theory and reinforcement learning (RL). Inspired by thestate superposition principle and quantum parallelism, a framework of valueupdating algorithm is introduced. The state (action) in traditional RL isidentified as the eigen state (eigen action) in QRL. The state (action) set canbe represented with a quantum superposition state and the eigen state (eigenaction) can be obtained by randomly observing the simulated quantum stateaccording to the collapse postulate of quantum measurement. The probability ofthe eigen action is determined by the probability amplitude, which isparallelly updated according to rewards. Some related characteristics of QRLsuch as convergence, optimality and balancing between exploration andexploitation are also analyzed, which shows that this approach makes a goodtradeoff between exploration and exploitation using the probability amplitudeand can speed up learning through the quantum parallelism. To evaluate theperformance and practicability of QRL, several simulated experiments are givenand the results demonstrate the effectiveness and superiority of QRL algorithmfor some complex problems. The present work is also an effective exploration onthe application of quantum computation to artificial intelligence.

Dong, D, Chen, C, Zhang, C & Chen, Z 2008, 'Quantum robot: structure, algorithms and applications'.
View description>>

This paper has been withdrawn.

Dong, D, Zhang, C, Rabitz, H, Pechen, A & Tarn, T-J 2008, 'Incoherent control of locally controllable quantum systems', The Journal of Chemical Physics, vol. 129, no. 15.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

An incoherent control scheme for state control of locally controllable quantum systems is proposed. This scheme includes three steps: (1) amplitude amplification of the initial state by a suitable unitary transformation, (2) projective measurement of the amplified state, and (3) final optimization by a unitary controlled transformation. The first step increases the amplitudes of some desired eigenstates and the corresponding probability of observing these eigenstates, the second step projects, with high probability, the amplified state into a desired eigenstate, and the last step steers this eigenstate into the target state. Within this scheme, two control algorithms are presented for two classes of quantum systems. As an example, the incoherent control scheme is applied to the control of a hydrogen atom by an external field. The results support the suggestion that projective measurements can serve as an effective control and local controllability information can be used to design control laws for quantum systems. Thus, this scheme establishes a subtle connection between control design and controllability analysis of quantum systems and provides an effective engineering approach in controlling quantum systems with partial controllability information.

Dovey, K 2008, 'Addressing Structural Inhibitors of Change in Public Health Sector Organizations: A South African Case', Journal of Change Management, vol. 8, no. 1, pp. 37-56.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

This article draws attention to the structural inhibitors of effective service delivery within a South African public health organization and outlines a change initiative aimed at facilitating the decentralization of decision-making power in an attempt to transform the service offered by this organization.

Du, Q & Zhang, J 2008, 'Adaptive Finite Element Method for a Phase Field Bending Elasticity Model of Vesicle Membrane Deformations', SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing, vol. 30, no. 3, pp. 1634-1657.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Du, Y, Chen, L & Luo, Z 2008, 'Topology optimization design of large-displacement compliant mechanisms using meshless methods', Zhongguo Jixie Gongcheng/China Mechanical Engineering, vol. 19, no. 2, pp. 130-136.
View description>>

Based on the continuum structural topology optimization, the element-free Galerkin method was applied to design large-displacement compliant mechanisms with geometrical nonlinearities. The multi-criteria mathematical formulation was developed using the SIMP (solidisotropic material with penalization) interpolation scheme and compromise programming, in which the mechanical flexibility and structural stiffness were both considered as the prescribed performances to be optimized. The optimization formulation was solved by optimality criteria method. The element-free Galerkin method was employed to discretize the design domain with the aim of avoiding the undesired mesh distortion caused by adopting finite element methods to deal with geometrical nonlinear problems. Numerical examples have been presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approaches by analyzing the results derived from linear and nonlinear cases, respectively.

Du, Y, Chen, L & Luo, Z 2008, 'Topology synthesis of geometrically nonlinear compliant mechanisms using meshless methods', Acta Mechanica Solida Sinica, vol. 21, no. 1, pp. 51-61.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

This paper presents a new method for topology optimization of geometrical nonlinear compliant mechanisms using the element-free Galerkin method (EFGM). The EFGM is employed as an alternative scheme to numerically solve the state equations by fully taking

Duan, R, Feng, Y & Ying, M 2008, 'Local distinguishability of multipartite unitary operations', PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS, vol. 100, no. 2, pp. 1-4.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

We show that any two different unitary operations acting on an arbitrary multipartite quantum system can be perfectly distinguished by local operations and classical communication when a finite number of runs is allowed. Intuitively, this result indicates that the lost identity of a nonlocal unitary operation can be recovered locally. No entanglement between distant parties is required. © 2008 The American Physical Society.

Duer, W, Bremner, MJ & Briegel, HJ 2008, 'Quantum simulation of interacting high-dimensional systems: The influence of noise', PHYSICAL REVIEW A, vol. 78, no. 5, p. 052325.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

We consider the simulation of interacting high-dimensional systems using pairwise interacting qubits. The main tool in this context is the generation of effective many-body interactions, and we examine a number of different protocols for obtaining them. These methods include the usage of higher-order processes commutator method , unitary conjugation or graph state encoding, as well as teleportation-based approaches. We illustrate and compare these methods in detail and analyze the time cost for simulation. In the second part of the paper, we investigate the influence of noise on the simulation process. We concentrate on errors in the interaction Hamiltonians and consider two generic noise models: i timing errors in pairwise interactions and ii noisy pairwise interactions described by Master equations of Lindblad form. We analyze and compare the effect of noise for the different simulation methods and propose a way to significantly reduce the influence of noise by making use of entanglement purification together with a teleportation-based protocol.

Eager, DM 2008, 'A duty of care to our children', Australasian Parks and Leisure Journal, vol. 11, no. 2, pp. 12-12.

Eager, DM 2008, 'An inspector calls', Australian Leisure Management, vol. Mar/Apr, pp. 42-44.

Eager, DM 2008, 'Ensuring playground products meet safety standards', Journal Institute of Public Works Engineering Australia, vol. Aug/Sep, pp. 90-90.

Eager, DM 2008, 'Fixed and mobile artificial climbing and abseiling walls', Australasian Parks and Leisure Journal, vol. 11, no. 2, pp. 13-13.

Eager, DM 2008, 'Fixed and mobile artificial climbing and abseiling walls', Journal Institute of Public Works Engineering Australia, vol. Jun/Jul, pp. 27-27.

Eager, DM 2008, 'Hobart improves playground safety while lowering maintenance costs', Journal Institute of Public Works Engineering Australia, vol. Oct/Nov, pp. 82-83.

Eager, DM 2008, 'Playground impact attenuating sands', Australasian Parks and Leisure Journal, vol. 11, no. 4, pp. 8-9.

Eager, DM 2008, 'Playground maintenance - Hobart City Council', Australasian Parks and Leisure Journal, vol. 11, no. 3, pp. 22-24.

Eager, DM 2008, 'Standards reach new heights', Australian Leisure Management, vol. May/Jun, pp. 56-56.

Eager, DM 2008, 'Take care', Australian Leisure Management, vol. 70, no. Sep/Oct, pp. 28-29.

Eager, DM 2008, 'Trampolines - Facts and Myths', Kidsafe Playground News, vol. 23, no. Spring, pp. 2-2.

Eichhammer, Y, Roeck, J, Moelans, N, Iacopi, F, Blanpain, B & Heyns, M 2008, 'CALCULATION OF THE Au-Ge PHASE DIAGRAM FOR NANOPARTICLES', ARCHIVES OF METALLURGY AND MATERIALS, vol. 53, no. 4, pp. 1133-1139.

Erdei, L, Arecrachakul, N & Vigneswaran, S 2008, 'A combined photocatalytic slurry reactor-immersed membrane module system for advanced wastewater treatment', SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY, vol. 62, no. 2, pp. 382-388.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

type continuous photocatalytic (CP) system and an immersed hollow fibre membrane micro-ultrafilter (MF/UF) unit. The CP reactor charged with 1 g/L P-25 catalyst removed 63% dissolved organic carbon (DOC) from a synthetic wastewater (representing biologically treated sewage effluent). The addition of 0.05 g/L of powdered activated carbon (PAC) increased DOC removal up to 76%. The start-up times to achieve 60% DOC removal were 31 min and 15 min, respectively. These results show a 16 times improvement in volumetric load over a comparable batch reactor system used in previous studies by our group. Slurry type photocatalytic reactors need subsequent particle separation to retain the catalyst in the system and allow the discharge of treated effluent. The immersed membrane module accomplished this without prior slurry settling step. Membrane feed pre-treatment with pH adjustment and particle charge neutralisation with aluminium chloride coagulant led to improved critical membrane fluxes, 15.25 L/m2 h and 19.05 L/m2 h, respectively. In each experiment MF/UF produced near zero turbidity permeate, completely retained the photocatalyst, and flocculation also improved the efficiency of DOC removal. Membrane fouling was controlled by particle aggregation rather than feed DOC levels, but the latter had significant impact on coagulant demand. The complete treatment train achieved up to 92% DOC reduction with 12 mg/L AlCl3 dosage using in-line coagulation conditions. The results show that in-line coagulation offers a simple yet effective means to improve the performance of slurry type photocatalytic-MF/UF hybrid systems for advanced water and wastewater treatment applications. © 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Erdei, L, Chang, C-Y & Vigneswaran, S 2008, 'In-line flocculation-submersed MF/UF membrane hybrid system in tertiary wastewater treatment', SEPARATION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY, vol. 43, no. 7, pp. 1839-1851.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

Coagulation/flocculation pre-treatment of feeds can successfully mitigate the drawbacks of membrane micro- and ultra filtration processes: fouling and limited ability to remove organic pollutants. Laboratory experiments conducted with a synthetic wastewater (representing biologically treated secondary effluent) using 0.1 µm pore size hollow fiber membrane showed that simple in-line flocculation pre-treatment with inorganic coagulants dramatically reduced membrane fouling rates. The hybrid system also ensured over 70% organic matter removal in terms of dissolved organic carbon (DOC). In the experiments in in-line flocculation outperformed clarification pre-treatment at optimum coagulant dosages. Differences in floc characteristics and elevated suspended solids concentrations in the membrane tank may explain this finding, but the exact causes were not investigated in this study. The beneficial effects of in-line flocculation pre-treatment to MF/UF separation were also confirmed in the treatment of septic tank effluent in a membrane bioreactor (MBR). The fouling rate of the 0.4 µm pore size (flat-sheet) membrane was substantially reduced with 10-100 mg L-1 ferric chloride coagulant doses, and total dissolved chemical oxygen demand (DCOD) removal also increased from 66% up to 93%. These findings are consistent with the results of other experimental studies and show that pre-treatment controls submersed MF/UF filtration performance.

Esfahani, SIR, Tavangarian, F & Emadi, R 2008, 'Nanostructured bioactive glass coating on porous hydroxyapatite scaffold for strength enhancement', Materials Letters, vol. 62, no. 19, pp. 3428-3430.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Eslava, S, Baklanov, MR, Neimark, AV, Iacopi, F, Kirschhock, CEA, Maex, K & Martens, JA 2008, 'Evidence of Large Voids in Pure‐Silica‐Zeolite Low‐k Dielectrics Synthesized by Spin‐on of Nanoparticle Suspensions', Advanced Materials, vol. 20, no. 16, pp. 3110-3116.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Eslava, S, Delahaye, S, Baklanov, MR, Iacopi, F, Kirschhock, CEA, Maex, K & Martens, JA 2008, 'Reaction of trimethylchlorosilane in spin-on silicalite-1 zeolite film', LANGMUIR, vol. 24, no. 9, pp. 4894-4900.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Eslava, S, Eymery, G, Marsik, P, Iacopi, F, Kirschhock, CEA, Maex, K, Martens, JA & Baklanov, MR 2008, 'Optical property changes in low-k films upon ultraviolet-assisted curing', JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY, vol. 155, no. 5, pp. G115-G120.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Eslava, S, Iacopi, F, Urbanowicz, AM, Kirschhock, CEA, Maex, K, Martens, JA & Baklanov, MR 2008, 'Ultraviolet-Assisted Curing of Organosilicate Glass Low-k Dielectric by Excimer Lamps', Journal of The Electrochemical Society, vol. 155, no. 11, pp. G231-G231.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Eslava, S, Urrutia, J, Busawon, AN, Baklanov, MR, Iacopi, F, Aldea, S, Maex, K, Martens, JA & Kirschhock, CEA 2008, 'Zeolite-Inspired Low-k Dielectrics Overcoming Limitations of Zeolite Films', JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY, vol. 130, no. 51, pp. 17528-17536.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Estremera, J & Waldron, KJ 2008, 'Thrust Control, Stabilization and Energetics of a Quadruped Running Robot', The International Journal of Robotics Research, vol. 27, no. 10, pp. 1135-1151.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

In order to achieve powered autonomous running robots it is essential to develop efficient actuator systems, especially for generating the radial thrust in the legs. In addition, the control of the radial thrust of the legs can be a simple, effective method for stabilizing the body pitch in a running gait. This paper presents the mechanical systems, models and control strategies employed to generate and control leg thrust in the KOLT quadruped running robot. An analytical model of the electro-pneumatic leg thrusting system is presented and analyzed to evaluate its performance and to facilitate the design of control strategies. Several experiments have been conducted to estimate the energy losses and determine their origins as well as to compute the energetic efficiency of the actuation system. Two thrust control methods are also proposed and tested experimentally. The closed loop method regulates thrust through the control of the hip liftoff speed, a conceptually simple control strategy that stabilizes the body pitch in pronk and trot gaits without the need for central feedback, even on irregular terrain. The open-loop control method regulates the energy added in each hop based on the model of the actuator system. The efficacy of these models and techniques is tested in several planar trot and pronk experiments, and the results are analyzed focusing on the body stabilization, the power consumption and the energetic efficiency.

Fitch, R & Butler, Z 2008, 'Million module march: Scalable locomotion for large self-reconfiguring robots', INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ROBOTICS RESEARCH, vol. 27, no. 3-4, pp. 331-343.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Frazier, SK, Lennie, TA & Moser, DK 2008, 'Preface', Nursing Clinics of North America, vol. 43, no. 1, pp. xi-xii.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Fu, Q, Lin, W & Huang, J 2008, 'A New Strategy for Preparation of Graft Copolymers via “Graft onto” by Atom Transfer Nitroxide Radical Coupling Chemistry: Preparation of Poly(4-glycidyloxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl-co-ethylene oxide)-graft-polystyrene and Poly(tert-butyl acrylate)', Macromolecules, vol. 41, no. 7, pp. 2381-2387.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Fu, Q, Liu, C, Lin, W & Huang, J 2008, 'One‐pot synthesis of heterograft copolymers via “graft onto” by atom transfer nitroxide radical coupling chemistry', Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry, vol. 46, no. 20, pp. 6770-6779.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

AbstractHeterograft copolymers poly(4‐glycidyloxy‐2,2,6,6‐tetramethylpiperidine‐1‐oxyl‐co‐ ethylene oxide)‐graft‐polystyrene and poly(tert‐butyl acrylate) (poly (GTEMPO‐co‐EO)‐g‐PS/PtBA) were synthesized in one‐pot by atom transfer nitroxide radical coupling (ATNRC) reaction via “graft onto.” The main chain was prepared by the anionic ring‐opening copolymerization of ethylene oxide (EO) and 4‐glycidyloxy‐2,2,6,6‐tetramethylpiperidine‐1‐oxyl (GTEMPO) first, then the polystyrene and poly (tert‐butyl acrylate) with bromine end (PS‐Br, PtBA‐Br) were prepared by atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP). When three of them were mixed each other in the presence of CuBr/N,N,N′,N″,N″‐pentamethyldiethylenetriamine (PMDETA) at 90 °C, the formed secondary carbon radicals at the PS and PtBA chain ends were quickly trapped by nitroxide radicals on poly(GTEMPO‐co‐EO). The heterograft copolymers were well defined by 1H NMR, size exclusion chromatography, fourier transform infrared, and differential scanning calorimetry in detail. It was found that the density of GTEMPO groups on main chain poly(GTEMPO‐co‐EO), the molecular weights of PS/PtBA side chains, and the structure of macroradicals can exert the great effects on the graft efficiency. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 46: 6770–6779, 2008

Gallego-Ortega, D, de Molina, AR, Ramos, MA, Valdes-Mora, F, Sarmentero-Estrada, J & Lacal, JC 2008, 'Differential role of choline kinase alpha and beta isoforms in human carcinogenesis', European Journal of Cancer Supplements, vol. 6, no. 9, pp. 26-26.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Gandomi, AH, Alavi, AH & Sadat Hosseini, SS 2008, 'A Discussion on “Genetic programming for retrieving missing information in wave records along the west coast of India” [Applied Ocean Research 2007; 29 (3): 99–111]', Applied Ocean Research, vol. 30, no. 4, pp. 338-339.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Gao, S, Zhang, Z & Hawryszkiewycz, I 2008, 'Supporting adaptive learning in hypertext environments: a high level timed Petri net-based approach', International Journal of Intelligent Systems Technologies and Applications, vol. 4, no. 3/4, pp. 341-341.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

A problem for hypertext-based learning application is to control learning paths for different learning activities. This paper first introduces related concepts of hypertext learning state space and high level Petri Nets (PNs), then proposes a high level timed PN based approach used to providing kinds of adaptation for learning activities by adjusting time attributes of targeted learning state space. Examples are given while explaining ways to realising adaptive instructions. Possible future directions are also discussed at the end of this paper. © 2008 Inderscience Enterprises Ltd.

Gao, W, Zhang, N, Ji, JC & Du, HP 2008, 'Dynamic analysis of vehicles with uncertainty', PROCEEDINGS OF THE INSTITUTION OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PART D-JOURNAL OF AUTOMOBILE ENGINEERING, vol. 222, no. D5, pp. 657-664.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

The probabilistic and interval dynamic analysis of cars with uncertain parameters under random road input excitations by using a two-degree-of-freedom car model are presented in this paper. In the probabilistic analytical model, the vehicle parameters, including the sprung mass, unsprung mass, suspension damping, suspension, and tyre stiffness, are considered as random variables. The mean value, standard deviation, and variation coefficient of the vehicle's natural frequencies and mode shapes are obtained by using the Monte Carlo simulation method. Then, the computational expressions for the numerical characteristics of the mean square value of the vehicle's random response in the frequency domain are developed by means of the random variable's functional moment method. Considering the vehicle parameters as interval variables, the lower bound, upper bound, and interval change ratio value of the vehicle's random responses are obtained by means of the interval operations. The influences of the uncertainty of the vehicle parameters on the vehicle's natural frequencies, mode shapes, and dynamic responses are investigated in detail using a practical example. The comparison of the vehicle's dynamic characteristics using the probabilistic and interval analysis are also demonstrated. © IMechE 2008.

GAO, YA, ZHANG, G, LU, JIE, DILLON, T & ZENG, X 2008, 'A λ-CUT APPROXIMATE ALGORITHM FOR GOAL-BASED BILEVEL RISK MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS', International Journal of Information Technology & Decision Making, vol. 07, no. 04, pp. 589-610.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

Bilevel programming techniques are developed for decentralized decision problems with decision makers located in two levels. Both upper and lower decision makers, termed as leader and follower, try to optimize their own objectives in solution procedure but are affected by those of the other levels. When a bilevel decision model is built with fuzzy coefficients and the leader and/or follower have goals for their objectives, we call it fuzzy goal bilevel (FGBL) decision problem. This paper first proposes a λ-cut set based FGBL model. A programmable λ-cut approximate algorithm is then presented in detail. Based on this algorithm, a FGBL software system is developed to reach solutions for FGBL decision problems. Finally, two examples are given to illustrate the application of the proposed algorithm.

Gay, V 2008, 'La fondation de l’Empire ottoman chez Kemal Tahir et Tarik Bugra entre mythe et réalité historique', Cahiers balkaniques, no. 36-37, pp. 369-398.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Ge, Y & Esselle, KP 2008, 'A resonant cavity antenna based on an optimized thin superstrate', Microwave and Optical Technology Letters, vol. 50, no. 12, pp. 3057-3059.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

AbstractA high‐gain, low‐profile electromagnetic band‐gap (EBG) resonator antenna based on a thin frequency‐selective‐surface (FSS) superstrate is presented. The superstrate thickness has been reduced from 0.25λg in the previous design to about 0.06λg without significantly affecting the antenna performance. The FSS superstrate is made out of standard low‐cost FR4 material. The high‐gain performance is achieved by optimizing the metallic patterns printed on the two surfaces of the superstrate so that a high‐Q resonant cavity is obtained. A prototype demonstrates that an EBG resonator antenna made out of a 0.8 mm thick optimized superstrate can provide a gain as high as over 21 dB at the operating frequency of 12 GHz. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 50: 3057–3059, 2008; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.23898

Gens, A & Sheng, D 2008, 'Special issue on “Unsaturated soils: Models, algorithms and applications”', Computers and Geotechnics, vol. 35, no. 6, pp. 809-809.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Gentile, C, Fleming, PA, Mironov, V, Argraves, KM, Argraves, WS & Drake, CJ 2008, 'VEGF‐mediated fusion in the generation of uniluminal vascular spheroids', Developmental Dynamics, vol. 237, no. 12, pp. spc1-spc1.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

AbstractVEGF‐mediated vascular fusion in the generation of uniluminal spheroids. Luminized vascular networks present in mouse allantoic‐derived tissue spheroids (upper image) fuse when treated with VEGF to form a single central vessel (lower image). Spheroids were immunolabeled with antibodies to PECAM‐1 (green) and SMαA (red). See Gentile et al., Developmental Dynamics 237:2918–2925. Developmental Dynamics 237:2918–2925, 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.

Gentile, C, Fleming, PA, Mironov, V, Argraves, KM, Argraves, WS & Drake, CJ 2008, 'VEGF‐mediated fusion in the generation of uniluminal vascular spheroids', Developmental Dynamics, vol. 237, no. 10, pp. 2918-2925.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

AbstractEmbryonic mouse allantoic tissue (E8.5) was cultured in hanging drops to generate a three‐dimensional vascular micro‐tissue. The resulting tissue spheroids had an inner network of small diameter vessels expressing platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule‐1 (PECAM‐1) and an outer layer of cells expressing SMαA, SM22‐α, and SM‐MHC. In a subsequent phase of culture, the fusion‐promoting activity of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) was used to transform the inner network of small diameter endothelial tubes into a contiguous layer of cells expressing PECAM‐1, CD34, and VE‐cadherin that circumscribed a central lumen‐like cavity. The blood vessel‐like character of the VEGF‐treated spheroids was further demonstrated by their physiologically relevant vasodilatory and contractile responses, including contraction induced by KCl and relaxation stimulated by high‐density lipoproteins and acetylcholine‐induced nitric oxide production. Developmental Dynamics 237:2918–2925, 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.

Goyal, ML, Lu, J & Zhang, G 2008, 'Decision Making in Multi-Issue e-Market Auction Using Fuzzy Techniques and Negotiable Attitudes.', J. Theor. Appl. Electron. Commer. Res., vol. 3, no. 2, pp. 97-110.
View description>>

Online auctions are one of the most effective ways of negotiation of salable goods over the internet. Software agents are increasingly being used to represent humans in online auctions. These agents can systematically monitor a wide variety of auctions and can make rapid decisions about what bids to place In what auctions. To be successful in open multi-agent environments, agents must be capable of adapting different strategies and tactics to their prevailing circumstances. This paper presents a software test-bed for studying autonomous bidding strategies in simulated auctions for procuring goods. It shows that agents' bidding strategy explore the attitudes and behaviors that help agents to manage dynamic assessment of prices of goods given the different criteria and scenario conditions. Our agent also uses fuzzy techniques for the decision making: to make decisions about the outcome of auctions, and to alter the agent's bidding strategy in response to the different criteria and market conditions. © 2008 Universidad de Talca - Chile.

Grace, ND, Loganathan, P & Hedley, MJ 2008, 'The effect of age on the fluoride concentration in the metacarpus of grazing sheep in New Zealand', NEW ZEALAND VETERINARY JOURNAL, vol. 56, no. 3, pp. 115-119.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

Aim: To determine the concentration of fluoride (F) in the metacarpi from ewes of varying age, which had been grazing pastures that had been regularly topdressed with phosphatic fertilisers, which contain F as a contaminant, for at least 30 years. Methods: Three groups of 10 ewes aged 6–8, 18–20 and 60–72 months were selected from seven research farms with a known fertiliser history, representing the major sheep farming regions of New Zealand. Lambs were born and remained on the property. The sheep were collected and slaughtered in autumn, and the right metacarpus removed for determination of F content. Representative samples of topsoil (0–30- and 30–60-mm depths) were also collected for determination of F content. Results: The total concentration of F in topsoil on the farms ranged from 161 to 712 mg/kg. The overall mean concentrations of F in metacarpi from 6–8-, 18–20- and 60–72-month-old ewes were 170 (SE 9.9), 308 (SE 13.9) and 480 (SE 28.4) mg/kg dry matter (DM), respectively. On six farms, lambs which had been exposed to limited or no ingestion of soil had the lowest concentration of F in their metacarpi. Generally, there was a curvilinear relationship between age and concentration of F in the metacarpi of sheep. On the seventh farm, the concentrations of F in the metacarpi from the 6–8- and 18–20-month-old sheep were similar but lower than those of the 60–72-month-old ewes. The area of soils on the farm where the 6–8-month-old-sheep were grazing had higher total concentrations of F in topsoil (271 mg/kg) than those soils grazed by the 18–20-month-old sheep (205 mg/kg), and this may be one reason for the elevated concentration of F in the metacarpi of the younger ewes. The concentrations of F in metacarpi, at any age, were not related to the concentration of F in topsoils. Conclusions: Many factors can influence the amounts of F in soil ingested by grazing sheep and the concentration of F in their bone. The concentration of F in the metacarpi of ewes gener...

Gregorius, DD, Dawood, R, Ruh, K & Nguyen, HB 2008, 'Severe high altitude pulmonary oedema: a patient managed successfully with non-invasive positive pressure ventilation in the Emergency Department', Emergency Medicine Journal, vol. 25, no. 4, pp. 243-244.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

High altitude pulmonary oedema (HAPE) is a well-known potential hazard of activities at high altitudes but not a common disease presentation that most emergency physicians have experience treating. The mainstay of treatment is intuitive - early recognition with immediate descent, rest and oxygen - but what does the emergency physician do when a patient is in severe distress from HAPE even after descent to sea level? A case of severe HAPE is presented in a young man; the successful treatment strategy is outlined including non-invasive positive pressure ventilation. The role of calcium antagonists, corticosteroids and phosphodiesterase inhibitors are also discussed in the acute management of this potentially life-threatening condition.

Guillon, M, Dholakia, K & McGloin, D 2008, 'Optical trapping and spectral analysis of aerosols with a supercontiuum laser source', Optics Express, vol. 16, no. 11, pp. 7655-7655.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Guo, W, Ngo, H-H, Vigneswaran, S, Xing, W & Goteti, P 2008, 'A novel sponge-submerged membrane bioreactor (SSMBR) for wastewater treatment and reuse', SEPARATION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY, vol. 43, no. 2, pp. 273-285.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

Membrane fouling has been regarded as one of the biggest challenges to widespread application of membrane bioreactor (MBR). This study focuses on minimizing the membrane fouling and improving the performance of submerged membrane bioreactor (SMBR) by porous sponge addition. The effects of sponge addition on sustainable flux and membrane fouling were investigated. Acclimatized sponge could significantly increase the suspended growth in SMBR with biomass of 16.7g/L(sponge). With the sponge volume fraction of 10%, SSMBR could enhance sustainable flux up to 50L/m2h compared with sustainable flux of SMBR (only 25L/m2h). SSMBR also exhibited excellent results in terms of DOC removal (over 95%), COD removal (over 97%), lower transmembrane pressure development, and oxygen uptake rate. Over 89% of NH4-N and 98% of PO4-P were removed when SSMBR was operated with a MLSS concentration of 15g/L.

Guo, W, Vigneswaran, S, Ngo, H-H, Xing, W & Goteti, P 2008, 'Comparison of the performance of submerged membrane bioreactor (SMBR) and submerged membrane adsorption bioreactor (SMABR)', BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY, vol. 99, no. 5, pp. 1012-1017.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

This study focuses on comparing the performance of submerged membrane bioreactor (SMBR) and submerged membrane adsorption bioreactor (SMABR) over a period of 20 days at a hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 3.1 h. The effects of PAC on critical flux and membrane fouling were also investigated. The SMABR exhibited better results in terms of mixed liquor suspended solids (MLSS) growth, DOC removal (over 96%), COD removal (over 95%), transmembrane pressure (TMP) and oxygen uptake rate. Nearly 100% of bacteria and 100% of total coliforms were removed in both systems. The addition of PAC could maintain the critical flux at a lower TMP value (7.5 kPa), while irreversible fouling caused by PAC occurred when the filtration flux exceeded critical flux.

Guo, WS, Vigneswaran, S, Ngo, HH & Xing, W 2008, 'Comparison of membrane bioreactor systems in wastewater treatment', DESALINATION, vol. 231, no. 1-3, pp. 61-70.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

This study investigated the performance of four different membrane bioreactor (MBR) systems, namely floating media biofilter-crossflow microfiltration (FMB-CFMF) system, submerged membrane bioreactor (SMBR) alone, submerged membrane adsorption bioreactor (SMABR) and sponge-SMBR system, in terms of critical flux. The results indicated that FMB could be used as a pretreatment unit prior to MBR in order to minimize membrane fouling when the FMB-CFMF system operates under sub-critical flux condition. The addition of powdered activated carbon (PAC) could maintain the sustainable flux at a lower TMP value (7.5 kPa). However, irreversible fouling occurred when the filtration flux exceeded the critical flux. The addition of 10% volume (reactor volume) fraction of sponge could increase sustainable flux of SMBR system to 2 times. © 2008.

Guo, WS, Vigneswaran, S, Ngo, HH, Kandasamy, J & Yoon, S 2008, 'The role of a membrane performance enhancer in a membrane bioreactor: a comparison with other submerged membrane hybrid systems', DESALINATION, vol. 231, no. 1-3, pp. 305-313.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

Among the membrane processes, membrane bioreactor (MBR) technologies are becoming an innovative and promising option for wastewater treatment and reuse. In this study the performance of the submerged membrane bioreactor was studied with an addition of MPE50, and it was compared against a sponge submerged membrane bioreactor (SMBR) and submerged membrane adsorption bioreactor (SMABR) in terms of TOC removal, COD removal, ammonium nitrogen (NH4-H) removal, orthophosphate (PO4-P) removal, transmembrane pressure (TMP) and oxygen uptake rate. SMBR with MPE50 addition significantly improved the sustainable flux and reduced membrane fouling. The improvement was better than even in the sponge SMBR system. SMBR with MPE50 achieved a high DOC and COD removal efficiency and NH4-N removal. PO4-P removal concentration of 62% initially which increased with time to over 99% after 7 day operation. In terms of phosphorus removal the sponge SMBR system performed better. OUR measurements showed that there was more microbial activity in the SMBR with MPE50 system

Guo, Y, Jin, J, Zheng, L, Zhu, J & Lu, H 2008, 'A Permanent Magnet Linear Synchronous Motor Drive for HTS Maglev Transportation Systems', Journal of Electronic Science and Technology of China - Zhongguo Dianzi Keji, vol. 6, no. 2, pp. 125-129.
View description>>

A permanent magnet linear synchronous motor (pMLSM) for a high temperature superconducting (HTS) maglev system has been studied, including the motor structure, control strategy, and analysis techniques. Finite elemeut analysis (FEA) of magnetic field is conducted to accurately calculate major motor parameters. Equivalent electrical circuit is used to predict the drive's steady-state characteristics, and a phase variable model is applied to predict the dynamic performance. Preliminary experiment with a prototype has been made to verify the theoretical analysis and the HTS-PM synchronons driving technology.

Guo, Y, Zhu, JG, Lin, ZW, Lu, H, Wang, X & Chen, J 2008, 'Influence of inductance variation on performance of a permanent magnet claw pole soft magnetic composite motor', Journal of Applied Physics, vol. 103, no. 7, pp. 07F118-07F118.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

Winding inductance is an important parameter in determining the performance of electrical machines, particularly those with large inductance variation. This paper investigates the influence of winding inductance variation on the performance of a three-phase three-stack claw pole permanent magnet motor with soft magnetic composite (SMC) stator by using an improved phase variable model. The winding inductances of the machine are computed by using a modified incremental energy method, based on three-dimensional nonlinear time-stepping magnetic field finite element analyses. The inductance computation and performance simulation are verified by the experimental results of an SMC claw pole motor prototype.

Guo, YG, Dou, YP, Zhu, JG, Zhan, YD & Jin, JX 2008, 'Parameter Determination And Performance Analysis of a Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generator By Magnetic Field Finite Element Analysis', Australian Journal of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, vol. 5, no. 3, pp. 225-262.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Ha, QP, Kwok, NM, Nguyen, MT, Li, J & Samali, B 2008, 'Mitigation of seismic responses on building structures using MR dampers with Lyapunov-based control', STRUCTURAL CONTROL & HEALTH MONITORING, vol. 15, no. 4, pp. 604-621.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

As losses of human lives and damages to buildings frequently occur during earthquake periods, it is crucial to mitigate structural vibrations. This paper describes the development of a Lyapunov-based control approach for magnetorheological (MR) dampers integrated in building structures to suppress quake-induced vibrations. In this work, MR dampers are used as semi-active devices, taking the advantages of the fail-safe operation and low power consumption. The control of MR dampers is, however, hindered by their hysteretic force-velocity responses and usually leads to indirect strategies compromising controllability and performance. To enhance the system performance, a Lyapunov-based controller is proposed here for direct control of the supply currents to the dampers for a multi-storey building. The dampers are configured in a differential mode to counteract the force-offset problem from the use of a single damper. The effectiveness of the proposed technique is verified, in simulations, by using a building model subject to quake-like excitations. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Haiwei Lu, Jianguo Zhu, Zhiwei Lin & Youguang Guo 2008, 'A Miniature Short Stroke Linear Actuator—Design and Analysis', IEEE Transactions on Magnetics, vol. 44, no. 4, pp. 497-504.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

We report a newly developed miniature short stroke tubular linear permanent-magnet actuator for robotic applications. Compared to a rotary-to-linear mechanism, the linear actuator has the advantages of efficiency, thrust control, and compact size in gene

Hamilton, TJ, Jin, C, van Schaik, A & Tapson, J 2008, 'An Active 2-D Silicon Cochlea', IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Circuits and Systems, vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 30-43.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

HAN, A, HONG, Y, LAI, KK & WANG, S 2008, 'Interval Time Series Analysis with an Application to the Sterling-Dollar Exchange Rate', Journal of Systems Science and Complexity, vol. 21, no. 4, pp. 558-573.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

Inconsistency of multi-perspective requirements specifications is a pervasive issue during the requirements process. However, managing inconsistency is not just a pure technical problem. It is always associated with a process of interactions and competitions among corresponding stakeholders. The main contribution of this paper is to present a negotiations approach to handling inconsistencies in multi-perspective software requirements. In particular, the priority of requirements relative to each perspective plays an important role in proceeding negotiation over resolving inconsistencies among different stakeholders. An algorithm of generating negotiation proposals and an approach to evaluating proposals are also presented in this paper, respectively. © 2008 Academy of Mathematics & Systems Science, Beijing, China.

Hao, H, Deeks, JA & Wu, C 2008, 'Numerical simulations of the performance of steel guardrails under vehicle impact', Transactions of Tianjin University, vol. 14, no. 5, pp. 318-323.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

Road side barriers are constructed to protect passengers and contain vehicles when a vehicle crashes into a barrier. In general, full-scale crash testing needs to be carried out if a geometrically and structurally equivalent barrier has not previously been proven to meet the requirements of containing the vehicle and dissipating sufficient impact energy for passenger protection. As full-scale crash testing is very expensive, the number of data that can be measured in a test is usually limited, and it may not always be possible to obtain good quality measurements in such a test, a reliable and efficient numerical simulation of crash testing is therefore very useful. This paper presents finite element simulations of a 3-rail steel road traffic barrier under vehicle impact. The performance levels defined in Australian Standards AS5100 Clause 10.5 for these barriers are checked. The numerical simulations show that the barrier is able to meet low performance levels. However, the maximum deceleration is higher than the acceptable limit for passenger protection. If present, a kerb launches the vehicles into the barrier, allowing for the possibility of overriding the barrier under certain circumstances, but it redirects the vehicle and reduces the incident angle, which reduces impact force on the barrier. Further investigation into all common kerb profiles on roads should be carried out, as only one kerb profile is investigated in this study.

He, X, Wu, Q, Jia, W & Hintz, T 2008, 'Edge Detection on Hexagonal Structure', Journal of Algorithms & Computational Technology, vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 61-78.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

Gradient-based edge detection is a straightforward method to identify the edge points in the original grey-level image. It is intuitive that in the human vision system the edge points always appear where the grey-level value is greatly changed. Spiral Architecture is a relatively new image data structure that is inspired from anatomical considerations of the primate's vision. In Spiral Architecture, each image is represented as a collection of hexagonal pixels. Edge detection on Spiral Architecture has features of fast computation and accurate localization. In this paper, we present and compare gradient-based edge detection algorithms on Spiral Architecture. The experimental results show that the edge detection on Spiral Architecture outperforms that on traditional square image structure.

He, X, Wu, Q, Jia, W & Hintz, T 2008, 'Edge detection on hexagonal structure', JOURNAL OF ALGORITHMS & COMPUTATIONAL TECHNOLOGY, vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 61-78.

Henderson-Sellers, B & Hawryszkiewycz, I 2008, 'Comparing collaborative and process semantics for cooperative information systems', INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF COOPERATIVE INFORMATION SYSTEMS, vol. 17, no. 2, pp. 155-176.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

Collaboration is now becoming more common in business processes. Thus, ways are needed to integrate collaborative processes into such business processes. The implication for design methodologies is the need for synergies that integrate collaborative semantics with process metamodels in order to create software applications to assist people to collaborate. This paper describes a semantic model of collaboration, known as the LiveNet metamodel, and two standard process metamodels, SPEM (OMG) and the process part of the methodology metamodel ISO/IEC 24744. The paper suggests synergies between the collaborative and process metamodels and their potential convergence. The analysis carried out in the paper has revealed a number of metaclasses that could be valuably shared between metamodels to integrate process and collaborative semantics. The LiveNet collaborative metamodel has been incorporated into running software so that the theory built up here is substantiated and shown to be useful.

Hoang, D & Lawrence, E 2008, 'An Active Grid infrastructure for elderly care', Journal of Telemedicine and Telecare, vol. 14, no. 7, pp. 363-367.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

We propose a technique in which elderly people can be monitored non-intrusively. The information is kept in an ‘active’ health record which becomes alive when attention or action is necessary concerning the condition of the elderly person. The proposed system consists of three main components: a sensor/actor loop, sensor records and associated active services, and a Grid middleware platform. Information is captured in realtime within a collaborative health-care Grid. The Grid connects elderly people, caregivers and medical service providers in ways that reduce unnecessary calls on expensive medical services through an intermediate local service centre (which can be virtual) assisted with Internet communications and monitoring technologies. The proposal should support preventive health-care programmes for reducing the cost of caring for the elderly.

Hoang, HG, Tuan, HD & Apkarian, P 2008, 'A Lyapunov Variable-Free KYP Lemma for SISO Continuous Systems', IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control, vol. 53, no. 11, pp. 2669-2673.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

This technical note proposes a novel frequency-selective Kalman-Yakubovich-Popov (FS-KYP) lemma for analysis of single-input single-output (SISO) continuous systems. In contrast to existing approaches, the proposed method only uses a minimal number of va

Hoang, HG, Tuan, HD, Nguyen, TQ & Kha, HH 2008, 'Design of Exactly Linear Phase $K$-Regular IIR Half-Band Filter', IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems II: Express Briefs, vol. 55, no. 12, pp. 1264-1268.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

This paper proposes a novel method to design exactly linear phase infinite impulse response half-band filters with arbitrary regularity. Broadly speaking, the design problem is formulated as a semi-infinite program, which is then turned into a semidefini

Hoang, TTL, Vigneswaran, S, Ngo, HH, Kandasamy, J, Shim, WG, Chaudhary, DS, Gotety, P & Peiris, P 2008, 'Performance evaluation and mathematical modelling of granular activated carbon biofiltration in wastewater treatment', KOREAN JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING, vol. 25, no. 2, pp. 259-267.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

Biological filtration is an effective technique for removing organic matter from wastewater. The performance of a biofilter can be influenced by a range of operational conditions. In this study the performance of biofilters was investigated for the influence of filter media depth, influent concentrations, filtrations rates and backwashing. The results show that performance of GAC filters decreased with shallower filter bed depths. In addition, the GAC performed better at lower influent concentration and lower filtration rates. The daily backwash adopted to avoid the physical clogging of the biofilter did not have any significant effect on the organic removal efficiency of the filter. The concentration, activity and characteristics of the biomass are quantified and described. A mathematical model was developed to simulate the organic removal of the GAC biofiltration system. The performance of the GAC filter under different influent organic concentration levels, filtration rates and filter bed depths was adequately simulated by the mathematical model developed for this study. © 2008 Springer.

Horan, K, Lankinen, A, O’Reilly, L, Bennett, NS, McNally, PJ, Sealy, BJ, Cowern, NEB & Tuomi, TO 2008, 'Structural and electrical characterisation of ion-implanted strained silicon', Materials Science and Engineering: B, vol. 154-155, pp. 118-121.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Hornecker, E, Jacob, RJ, Hummels, C, Ullmer, B, Schmidt, A, van den Hoven, E & Mazalek, A 2008, 'TEI Goes On: Tangible and Embedded Interaction', IEEE Pervasive Computing, vol. 7, no. 2, pp. 91-96.

Hossain, MJ, Pota, HR & Ugrinovskii, V 2008, 'Short and Long-Term Dynamic Voltage Instability', IFAC Proceedings Volumes, vol. 41, no. 2, pp. 9392-9397.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Hou, J, Zhang, H, Yuan, X, Li, J, Wei, Y & Hu, S 2008, 'In vitro effects of low‐level laser irradiation for bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells: Proliferation, growth factors secretion and myogenic differentiation', Lasers in Surgery and Medicine, vol. 40, no. 10, pp. 726-733.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesBone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) have shown to be an appealing source for cell therapy and tissue engineering. Previous studies have confirmed that the application of low‐level laser irradiation (LLLI) could affect the cellular process. However, little is known about the effects of LLLI on BMSCs. The aim of this study was designed to investigate the influence of LLLI at different energy densities on BMSCs proliferation, secretion and myogenic differentiation.Study Design/Materials and MethodsBMSCs were harvested from rat fresh bone marrow and exposed to a 635 nm diode laser (60 mW; 0, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, or 5.0 J/cm2). The lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release was used to assess the cytotoxicity of LLLI at different energy densities. Cell proliferation was evaluated by using 3‐(4, 5‐dimethylithiazol‐2‐yl)‐2, 5‐diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) and 5‐bromo‐2′‐deoxyuridine (BrdU) assay. Production of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and nerve growth factor (NGF) were measured by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Myogenic differentiation, induced by 5‐azacytidine (5‐aza), was assessed by using immunocytochemical staining for the expression of sarcomeric α‐actin and desmin.ResultsCytotoxicity assay showed no significant difference between the non‐irradiated group and irradiated groups. LLLI significantly stimulated BMSCs proliferation and 0.5 J/cm2 was found to be an optimal energy density. VEGF and NGF were identified and LLLI at 5.0 J/cm2 significantly stimulated the secretion. After 5‐aza induction, myogenic differentiation was observed in all groups and LLLI at 5.0 J/cm2 dramatically facilitated the differentiation.

Huang, S, Wang, Z & Dissanayake, G 2008, 'Sparse Local Submap Joining Filter for Building Large-Scale Maps', IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ROBOTICS, vol. 24, no. 5, pp. 1121-1130.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

This paper presents a novel local submap joining algorithm for building large-scale feature-based maps: sparse local submap joining filter (SLSJF). The input to the filter is a sequence of local submaps. Each local submap is represented in a coordinate frame defined by the robot pose at which the map is initiated. The local submap state vector consists of the positions of all the local features and the final robot pose within the submap. The output of the filter is a global map containing the global positions of all the features as well as all the robot start/end poses of the local submaps. Use of an extended information filter (EIF) for fusing submaps makes the information matrix associated with SLSJF exactly sparse. The sparse structure together with a novel state vector and covariance submatrix recovery technique makes the SLSJF computationally very efficient. The SLSJF is a canonical and efficient submap joining solution for large-scale simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM) problems that makes use of consistent local submaps generated by any reliable SLAM algorithm. The effectiveness and efficiency of the new algorithm is verified through computer simulations and experiments. © 2008 IEEE.

Hung, NVQ, Tuan, HD, Narikiyo, T & Apkarian, P 2008, 'Adaptive Control for Nonlinearly Parameterized Uncertainties in Robot Manipulators', IEEE Transactions on Control Systems Technology, vol. 16, no. 3, pp. 458-468.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

In this brief, a new adaptive control framework to compensate for uncertain nonlinear parameters in robot manipulators is developed. The designed adaptive controllers possess a linear parameter structure, guarantee global boundedness of the closed-loop s

Huo, H, Han, DH, Hui, XY & Wang, GR 2008, 'PDT-based document fragmentation of XML streaming data', Dongbei Daxue Xuebao Journal of Northeastern University, vol. 29, no. 5, pp. 657-676.
View description>>

Unlike in conventional databases, queries on XML stream data are bounded by not only the memory capacity but also the real time processing. Based on the Hole-Filler model, a path frequency tree (PFT) is defined according to the statistic information on queries about XML to set out a sibling-based document fragmentation policy including corresponding algorithm. Then, an alternative membership-based document fragmentation policy and corresponding algorithm are proposed. Both algorithms can effectively enhance the utilization and cohesion of XML fragments. Testing results showed that the PFT-based document fragmentation algorithms perform well on query cost and other properties.

Hutvagner, G & Simard, MJ 2008, 'Argonaute proteins: key players in RNA silencing', Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology, vol. 9, no. 1, pp. 22-32.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

During the past decade, small non-coding RNAs have rapidly emerged as important contributors to gene regulation. To carry out their biological functions, these small RNAs require a unique class of proteins called Argonautes. The discovery and our comprehension of this highly conserved protein family is closely linked to the study of RNA-based gene silencing mechanisms. With their functional domains, Argonaute proteins can bind small non-coding RNAs and control protein synthesis, affect messenger RNA stability and even participate in the production of a new class of small RNAs, Piwi-interacting RNAs. © 2008 Nature Publishing Group.

Iacopi, F, Elia, C, Fournier, T, Sinapi, F & Travaly, Y 2008, 'Stress corrosion of organosilicate glass films in aqueous environments: Role of pH', JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH, vol. 23, no. 3, pp. 862-868.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Iacopi, F, Richard, O, Eichhammer, Y, Bender, H, Vereecken, PM, De Gendt, S & Heyns, M 2008, 'Size-dependent characteristics of indium-seeded Si nanowire growth', ELECTROCHEMICAL AND SOLID STATE LETTERS, vol. 11, no. 9, pp. K98-K100.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Indraratna, B 2008, 'Recent advancements in the use of prefabricated vertical drains in soft soils', Australian Geomechanics Journal, vol. 43, no. 1, pp. 29-46.
View description>>

A system of prefabricated vertical drains with surcharge load to accelerate consolidation by shortening the drainage path is one of the most popular methods of soft ground improvement. An analytical solution is proposed based on radial (lateral) soil permeability while considering variations in vacuum pressure. The predicted smear zone and effects of drain unsaturation are compared with laboratory data obtained from large-scale radial consolidation tests. When a higher load is required to meet the desired rate of settlement and the cost of raising a surcharge embankment is also significant, the application of vacuum pressure with a reduced surcharge load can be used. In this method, the vacuum creates a suction head that increases the effective stress. Analytical and numerical analyses were conducted for several case histories using the equivalent plane strain solution for Darcian and non-Darcian flows. The effectiveness of vertical drains on cyclic loading was also investigated based on a laboratory study. . This paper shows that vertical drains can dissipate the built up excess pore pressure under repeated loading and that short drains can be sufficient in certain cases rather than driving the drains to cover the entire depth of soft clay deposits. The research findings verify that the effects of soil disturbance and vacuum pressure can affect soil consolidation considerably, which means that these aspects need to be modelled correctly in any numerical approaches.

Indraratna, B, Aljorany, A & Rujikiatkamjorn, C 2008, 'Analytical and Numerical Modeling of Consolidation by Vertical Drain beneath a Circular Embankment', International Journal of Geomechanics, vol. 8, no. 3, pp. 199-206.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Indraratna, B, Jayanathan, M & Brown, ET 2008, 'Shear strength model for overconsolidated clay-infilled idealised rock joints', Géotechnique, vol. 58, no. 1, pp. 55-65.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

Saturated infilled joints can contribute to the instability of rock masses during undrained shearing. This paper reports an experimental investigation into the effect of the overconsolidation of infilled rough joints on undrained shear behaviour. A revised model is presented for predicting the shear strength of rough infilled joints on the basis of experimental tests carried out on idealised sawtoothed joints with natural silty clay as the infill material. Tests were conducted under consolidated undrained conditions in a high-pressure triaxial apparatus on joints having a dip angle of 60°. Pore pressure development in the infill materials was monitored. The results show that the effect of asperities on shear strength is significant up to a critical asperity height to infill thickness ratio (t/a), whereas the shear behaviour is controlled by the infill alone beyond this critical value. The proposed model for predicting the shear strength of rough infilled joints describes how the OCR influences the shear strength, pore water pressure development, and critical t/a ratio.

Indraratna, B, Muttuvel, T, Khabbaz, H & Armstrong, R 2008, 'Predicting the erosion rate of chemically treated soil using a process simulation apparatus for internal crack erosion', JOURNAL OF GEOTECHNICAL AND GEOENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING, vol. 134, no. 6, pp. 837-844.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

Chemical stabilization is an effective ground improvement technique for controlling erosion. Two stabilizers, lignosulfonate and cement, were used to study how effectively they could stabilize erodible silty sand collected from Wombeyan Caves, NSW, Australia. To conduct this research, four dosages of cement (0.5, 1, 1.5, and 2%) and four dosages of lignosulfonate (0.1, 0.2, 0.4, and 0.6%) by dry weight of soil were selected. All treated and untreated soil specimens were compacted to 90 and 95% of their maximum dry density to study the effect of compaction level on erodibility. The erosion characteristics of treated and untreated soil samples were investigated using a process simulation apparatus for internal crack erosion designed and built at the University of Wollongong. The findings of this study indicated that both chemical stabilizers increased the resistance to erosion because of their cementing properties. It was also found that the critical shear stress increased linearly with the amount of stabilizer, and the coefficient of soil erosion decreased as a power function of the critical shear stress. © 2008 ASCE.

Indraratna, B, Muttuvel, T, Khabbaz, H & Armstrong, R 2008, 'Predicting the Erosion Rate of Chemically Treated Soil Using a Process Simulation Apparatus for Internal Crack Erosion', Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering, vol. 134, no. 6, pp. 837-844.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

Chemical stabilization is an effective ground improvement technique for controlling erosion. Two stabilizers, lignosulfonate and cement, were used to study how effectively they could stabilize erodible silty sand collected from Wombeyan Caves, NSW, Australia. To conduct this research, four dosages of cement 0.5, 1, 1.5, and 2% and four dosages of lignosulfonate 0.1, 0.2, 0.4, and 0.6% by dry weight of soil were selected. All treated and untreated soil specimens were compacted to 90 and 95% of their maximum dry density to study the effect of compaction level on erodibility. The erosion characteristics of treated and untreated soil samples were investigated using a process simulation apparatus for internal crack erosion designed and built at the University of Wollongong. The findings of this study indicated that both chemical stabilizers increased the resistance to erosion because of their cementing properties. It was also found that the critical shear stress increased linearly with the amount of stabilizer, and the coefficient of soil erosion decreased as a power function of the critical shear stress.

Indraratna, B, Trani, LDO & Khabbaz, H 2008, 'A critical review on granular dam filter behaviour – from particle sizes to constriction-based design criteria', Geomechanics and Geoengineering, vol. 3, no. 4, pp. 279-290.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

Over emphasis on tests results involving base soils with increasing coefficient of uniformity (Cu) makes the reliability of an empirical particle-based criterion for effective filters questionable. Extra measures such as regrading of base soil are then necessary in order to capture the effectiveness of filter constriction sizes in trapping eroding fines. Recent studies which focused on the role of the sizes of filter voids on overall filtration behaviour have deployed constriction size approaches that were shown to be equally acceptable methods for distinguishing between effective and ineffective filters. This paper examines the evolution of this approach, starting from past empirical and mathematical investigations and proceeding to the eventual development of geometric-probabilistic methods with special reference to embankment dams. Models based on dominant and controlling constriction sizes are introduced, and subsequently the constriction-based retention criteria for granular filters are presented. The proposed retention criteria were verified based on extensive experimental data taken from small- and large-scale filtration tests carried out by various authors. The integration of filter compaction, porosity and Cu, together with the incorporation of analytical principles, provides alternative and rigorous design approaches that remove most limitations of the conventional particle-based criteria, thus making the models essentially more comprehensive and quantifiable.

Ip, KH, Stuart, BH, Ray, AS & Thomas, PS 2008, 'A spectroscopic investigation of the weathering of a heritage Sydney sandstone', SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA PART A-MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY, vol. 71, no. 3, pp. 1032-1035.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

Infrared spectroscopy has been employed in a study of the degradation of heritage Sydney sandstone used in St. Mary's Cathedral in Sydney, Australia. Spectra were used to characterise the clay components taken from weathered and unweathered sandstone blo

Ip, KH, Stuart, BH, Thomas, PS & Ray, AS 2008, 'Thermal characterization of the clay binder of heritage Sydney sandstones', JOURNAL OF THERMAL ANALYSIS AND CALORIMETRY, vol. 92, no. 1, pp. 97-100.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

Thermal analysis has been employed in a study of the degradation of heritage Sydney sandstone used in St Mary's Cathedral in Sydney, Australia. TG and DSC have been used to characterise the clay components removed from weathered and unweathered sandstone. Two types of kaolin clays - kaolinite and its polymorph, dickite - have been identified. A higher amount of dickite present in the clay of weathered sandstone indicates that a kaolinite-to-dickite transformation occurs upon weathering. XRD hot stage analysis was also used to demonstrate the presence of a more thermally stable polymorph of the kaolinite.

Isik, O & Esselle, KP 2008, 'Backward Wave Microstrip Lines With Complementary Spiral Resonators', IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, vol. 56, no. 10, pp. 3173-3178.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Jakeman, AJ, Rizzoli, AE & Voinov, AA 2008, 'Outstanding reviewers for environmental modelling and software in 2007', Environmental Modelling & Software, vol. 23, no. 12, pp. 1343-1343.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Janapsatya, J, Esselle, KP & Bird, TS 2008, 'A dual‐band and wideband planar inverted‐F antenna for WLAN applications', Microwave and Optical Technology Letters, vol. 50, no. 1, pp. 138-141.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

AbstractA dual‐band planar inverted‐F antenna (PIFA), presented here, covers both 2.4‐ and 5‐GHz bands used in all IEEE 802.11 WLAN standards. Computed and measured return loss and radiation patterns of the antenna are presented and are in reasonable agreement. Experimental results indicate a very wide 32.5% operational bandwidth in the 5‐GHz band. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 50: 138–141, 2008; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.23016

Jeyakumar, P, Loganathan, P, Sivakumaran, S, Anderson, CWN & McLaren, RG 2008, 'Copper and zinc spiking of biosolids: effect of incubation period on metal fractionation and speciation and microbial activity', ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMISTRY, vol. 5, no. 5, pp. 347-354.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

Biosolids were amended separately with three levels of copper and zinc sulfate, and anaerobically incubated for 117 days. Copper in the unamended-biosolids solid phase was mainly found in the organic and residual fractions (8595%). Copper addition decreased the percentage of Cu in these fractions and increased the percentage of Cu in the oxide and specifically adsorbed fractions. Zinc in the solid phase was mainly associated with the oxide (3565%), specifically adsorbed (2530%), and the exchangeable fractions (1040%). Relatively, all Cu in the solution phase was complexed with organic matter; Zn was present mainly as Zn2+ and as an electrically neutral ion pair, ZnSO40. Metals were almost completely incorporated into the biosolids matrix by Day 55. Dehydrogenase activity was reduced by 50% (EC50, effective concentration for 50% activity reduction) at the total solution-phase Cu and Zn concentrations of 0.1 and 20 mg L-1, respectively, and solid-phase exchangeable Cu and Zn concentrations of 410 and 670 mg kg-1, respectively. © CSIRO 2008.

Ji, JC, Hansen, CH & Zander, AC 2008, 'Nonlinear Dynamics of Magnetic Bearing Systems', JOURNAL OF INTELLIGENT MATERIAL SYSTEMS AND STRUCTURES, vol. 19, no. 12, pp. 1471-1491.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

Magnetic bearings use magnetic forces to support various machine components. Because of the non-contact nature of this type of suspension, magnetic bearing technology offers a number of significant advantages over conventional bearings, such as rolling element and fluid film bearings. An active magnetic bearing basically consists of an electromagnetic actuator, position sensors, power amplifiers, and a feedback controller. All of these components are characterized by nonlinear behavior and therefore the entire system is inherently nonlinear. However, in simulations of the dynamic behavior of magnetic bearing systems, the nonlinearities are usually neglected to simplify the analysis and only linear models are used. Moreover, many control techniques currently used in magnetic bearing systems are generally designed by ignoring nonlinear effects. The main reason for simplification is the intractability of the complexity of the actual model. In fact, the inherent nonlinear properties of magnetic bearing systems can lead to dynamic behavior of a magnetically suspended rotor that is distinctly different from that predicted using a simple linearized model. Therefore, the nonlinearities should be taken into account. This literature review is focused on the nonlinear dynamics of magnetic bearing systems and it provides background information on analytical methods, nonlinear vibrations resulting from a rotor contacting auxiliary bearings, and other active topics of research involving the nonlinear properties of magnetic bearing systems, such as nonlinear self-sensing magnetic bearings and nonlinear control of magnetic bearings. The review concludes with a brief discussion on current and possible future directions for research on the nonlinear dynamics of magnetic bearing systems. © 2008 SAGE Publications.

Ji, Z, Wang, G, Duan, R, Feng, Y & Ying, M 2008, 'Parameter Estimation of Quantum Channels', IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INFORMATION THEORY, vol. 54, no. 11, pp. 5172-5185.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

The efficiency of parameter estimation of quantum channels is studied in this paper. We introduce the concept of programmable parameters to the theory of estimation. It is found that programmable parameters obey the standard quantum limit strictly; hence, no speedup is possible in its estimation. We also construct a class of nonunitary quantum channels whose parameter can be estimated in a way that the standard quantum limit is broken. The study of estimation of general quantum channels also enables an investigation of the effect of noises on quantum estimation. © 2008 IEEE.

Jiang, ZY, Tang, J, Tieu, AK, Sun, W & Wei, D 2008, 'Surface roughness micro-deformation and transfer of bulk steel in hot rolling', International Journal of Surface Science and Engineering, vol. 2, no. 1/2, pp. 139-139.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Jiang, ZY, Wei, DB, Li, HJ, Xie, HB, Zhu, HT, Tieu, AK, Liu, XH & Zhang, XM 2008, 'Contact mechanics in cold rolling of thin strip', Suxing Gongcheng Xuebao Journal of Plasticity Engineering, vol. 15, no. 3, pp. 164-173.
View description>>

Cold rolling of thin strip is a challenge in rolling practice, which involves the contact mechanics, strip crown and the surface finish. Using a developed modified influence function method, the cold rolling of thin strip in both symmetric and asymmetric cases were analysed with considering work roll edge contact. This paper addresses the cold rolling of thin strip to justify the roll bite contact mechanics, and to analyse the effects of the friction in the roll bite on rolling mechanics and strip crown. The effects of roll edge contact on rolling mechanics and strip crown are also discussed. Roll edge contact will affect the wear of work roll edge, and the calculated rolling forces are compared with the measured values.

Jinyan Li & Junghwan Kim 2008, 'Performance Analysis of MF-TDMA Multi-Carrier Demultiplexer/Demodulators (MCDDs) in the Presence of Critical Degrading Factors', IEEE Transactions on Broadcasting, vol. 54, no. 3, pp. 371-382.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Johnston, A, Candy, L & Edmonds, E 2008, 'Designing and evaluating virtual musical instruments: facilitating conversational user interaction', Design Studies, vol. 29, no. 6, pp. 556-571.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

This paper is concerned with the design of interactive virtual musical instruments. An interaction design strategy which uses on-screen objects that respond to user actions in physically realistic ways is described. This approach allows musicians to 'play' the virtual instruments using the sound of their familiar acoustic instruments. An investigation of user experience identified three modes of interaction that characterise the musicians' approach to the virtual instruments: instrumental, ornamental and conversational. When using the virtual instruments in instrumental mode, musicians prioritise detailed control; in ornamental mode, they surrender detailed control to the software and allow it to transform their sound; in conversational mode, the musicians allow the virtual instrument to 'talk back', helping to shape the musical direction of performance much as a human playing partner might. Finding a balance between controllability and complexity emerged as a key issue in facilitating 'conversational' interaction. © 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Kalam, MA & Masjuki, HH 2008, 'Potential and properties of palm diesel as alternative fuel for automotive engines', International Energy Journal, vol. 9, no. SPEC. ISSUE, pp. 37-42.
View description>>

This paper presents the potential, properties and test results of palm diesel as an alternative fuel for automotive engines. The palm diesel was tested with different blending ratio with diesel fuel as well as with antioxidant additive. Total three fuels were tested such as 100% diesel fuel, 20% palm diesel with 80% diesel fuel (B20); and B20 with 1% antioxidant additive. The pure diesel fuel was used for comparison purposes. A multi cylinder diesel engine was used in this investigation. The data presented are palm diesel production and potential status, physicochemical properties such as fuel standardization, engine brake power, fuel consumption and emissions results. It can be said that the palm diesel production, properties and test results have reached to a point as it is ready to be implemented in diesel engine. According to a stationary dynamometer-engine test, it is found that the 20% palm diesel with antioxidant additive shows better results such as less HC, CO and NOx emissions as compared to pure diesel fuel. The details test results including palm diesel price consideration have been presented with discussions.

Kalam, MA & Masjuki, HH 2008, 'Testing palm biodiesel and NPAA additives to control NOx and CO while improving efficiency in diesel engines', Biomass and Bioenergy, vol. 32, no. 12, pp. 1116-1122.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Kalam, MA, Masjuki, HH, Saifullah, MG & Seng, TB 2008, 'Envo diesel test on automotive engine - An analysis of its performance and emissions results', International Journal of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, vol. 3, no. 1, pp. 55-60.
View description>>

If the agricultural products market is limited and much of agricultural land is not utilized as is the case in many countries in the world at present, then agriculture should be directed to the production of new alternative products. The land can be used to produce non-food products including biofuels for the domestic energy market to diminish imports. Much research has been conducted on biofuels over the last 20 years. At present, concern about environmental regulations, green house gases and fossil fuel reservartion (including natural) have been the major reasons to look for alternative fuels that come from renewable resources. A significant level in terms of physico-chemical properties of biofuel has been obtained mostly from methyl ester of food based vegetable oils; it is now the issue to be concerned about human food oil versus biofuel production. This paper presents the experimental results carried out to evaluate performance and exhaust emissions of a diesel engine operated on 'Envo Diesel' which consists of 5% palm oil and 95% ordinary diesel fuel (as P5). The Envo diesel is a policy of Malaysian government that emphasises on usage of waste palm oil with diesel fuel without esterification. This investigation also includes a benchmarking study with 5% coconut oil with 95% diesel fuel (as C5). However, all the results have been compared with pure diesel fuel (B0). The results show that fuels P5 and C5 reduce brake power 1.2% and 0.7% respectively as compared to B0. However, both the fuels P5 and C5 reduce exhaust emissions such as reduce HC, smoke, CO and NOx concentration. The paper contains the test results, properties of P5 and C5 biofuel and comparison with other biofuels that obtained from various vegetable oils. The results of this investigation will be used to find compatible lubricant/additive for biofuel operated engines.

Kalam, MA, Saifullah, MG, Masjuki, HH, Husnawan, M & Mahlia, TMI 2008, 'PAH and other emissions from account oil blended fuels', Journal of Scientific and Industrial Research, vol. 67, no. 11, pp. 1031-1035.
View description>>

This paper presents results of a multi-cylinder diesel engine operated on blends of ordinary coconut oil (COCO; 10%, 20%,30%,40%,50%) with ordinary diesel oil (OD). Methyl esters from cooking oil are less encouraging to be used as biofuel. because this affects food-fuel crisis. However, biofuel obtained from waste cooking oil is more appreciated due to energy savings and environmental issues. Test results indicated that COCO blended fuels (10-30 %) produced similar brake power and net heat release rate as OD. Increasing coconut oil in blend decreases exhaust emissions. Carbon deposited on injector nozzles was observed where no hard carbon was found on injector tip when engine run on COCO blends.

Kalam, MA, Sultana, Y, Samad, A, Ali, A, Aqil, M, Sharma, M & Mishra, AK 2008, 'Gelrite‐Based In Vitro Gelation Ophthalmic Drug Delivery System of Gatifloxacin', Journal of Dispersion Science and Technology, vol. 29, no. 1, pp. 89-96.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Kandasamy, J, Beecham, S & Dunphy, A 2008, 'Stormwater sand filters in water-sensitive urban design', Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Water Management, vol. 161, no. 2, pp. 55-64.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

This paper investigates the suitability of sand filters for harvesting and treating stormwater for non-potable reuse purposes. A stormwater sand filtration device was constructed in a small urban catchment in Sydney, Australia. A sand filter is typically used in water-sensitive urban design (WSUD) as a component of a treatment train to remove pollution from stormwater before discharge to receiving waters, to groundwater or for collection and reuse. This paper describes an 18 month field study undertaken to determine the effectiveness and pollutant removal efficiency of a sand filter, and the differences in the pollutant removal efficiency of two grades of sand. A comparison of pollutant removal with previous literature on sand filters showed similar efficiencies but nutrient removal was higher than expected. A further unexpected result was that the coarse filter media performed as well as the fine media for most pollutant types and was superior in suspended solids removal. Improved modelling equations for predicting suspended solids and total phosphorus removal in sand filters are also presented in this paper.

Kannapiran, A, Chanan, A, Singh, G, Tambosis, P, Jeyakumaran, J & Kandasamy, J 2008, 'Strategic asset management planning of stormwater drainage systems', Water Practice and Technology, vol. 3, no. 3, pp. 1-8.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

Management of the urban water cycle in an integrated manner is an essential task to protect, restore and enhance in a sustainable manner. Strategic asset management planing is being developed as local government authorities face many challenges associated with managing the urban water cycle system. Statistical or conventional mathematical modelling approach has been found not practical for assessment of deteriorating infrastructures. Alternatively, application of fuzzy-based models is found more suitable as it links engineering judgment, experience and scarce field data of the deteriorating assets. In this study, a representative network of buried stormwater system's data is drawn and a pipe condition index is derived by linking the field data and reasoning using fuzzy approach. The inferred results are found to be useful and relevant for asset maintenance and future development programs.

Kaynak, O, Braun, R & Kennedy, I 2008, 'Guest Editorial Plagiarism', IEEE Transactions on Education, vol. 51, no. 2, pp. 149-151.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Kegen Yu & Guo, YJ 2008, 'Improved Positioning Algorithms for Nonline-of-Sight Environments', IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology, vol. 57, no. 4, pp. 2342-2353.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

Nonline-of-sight (NLOS) conditions pose a major challenge to radio positioning. In this paper, a constrained-optimization-based location algorithm is proposed to jointly estimate the unknown location and bias by using the sequential quadratic programming (SQP) algorithm. This method does not rely on any prior statistics information, and simulation results show that the proposed method considerably outperforms existing methods. To reduce the complexity of the SQP-based algorithm, we further propose a Taylor-series expansion-based linear quadratic programming (TS-LQP) algorithm. It is demonstrated that the computational complexity of the TS-LQP algorithm is only a fraction of that of the SQP algorithm, whereas the accuracy loss is limited. Also, maximum-likelihood (ML) algorithms that are suited for different NLOS error statistics are developed under several circumstances when there are different levels of a priori information. The analytical performance of the ML estimation (MLE) is investigated. Moreover, analytical expressions to approximate the variance of the MLE with and without model parameter mismatches are derived. Simulation results show that the approximate variance can be used as a better accuracy measure than the Cramer-Rao lower bound (CRLB). © 2008 IEEE.

Kejalakshmy, N, Rahman, BMA, Agrawal, A, Tanvir, HM & Grattan, KTV 2008, 'Metal-coated defect-core photonic crystal fiber for THz propagation', IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science, vol. 36, pp. 1631-1637.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Kejalakshmy, N, Rahman, BMA, Agrawal, A, Wongcharoen, T & Grattan, KTV 2008, 'Characterization of single-polarization single-mode photonic crystal fiber using full-vectorial finite element method', Applied Physics B, vol. 93, no. 1, pp. 223-230.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Kennedy, P, Francis, N, Rovnyak, D & Kastner, ME 2008, 'Redetermination ofcis-diaquadiglycolatozinc(II)', Acta Crystallographica Section E Structure Reports Online, vol. 64, no. 12, pp. m1635-m1635.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Khalilpour, R & Roostaazad, R 2008, 'Development and verification of a model to describe an immobilized glucose isomerase packed bed bioreactor', Biochemical Engineering Journal, vol. 40, no. 2, pp. 328-336.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Khatri, RP, Quick, GW & Sirivivatnanon, V 2008, 'Durability of concrete containing siderite-bearing microsyenite and trachyte aggregates', CEMENT & CONCRETE COMPOSITES, vol. 30, no. 4, pp. 307-315.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Khosroshahi, ME, Mahmoodi, M, Tavakoli, J & Tahriri, M 2008, 'Effect of Nd:Yttrium-aluminum-garnet laser radiation on Ti6Al4V alloy properties for biomedical applications', Journal of Laser Applications, vol. 20, no. 4, pp. 209-217.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

The effect of Nd:yttrium-aluminum-garnet laser on the microtopography and physicochemical properties of Ti6Al4V alloy are investigated in the view of biomedical applications. The surface roughness and hardness for laser treated samples (LTS) at 140 J cm−2 were measured 7±0.02 and 825 vickers hardness number, respectively. This superior microhardness value is attributed to grain refinement associated with laser melting and rapid solidification. The electrochemical property, mainly pitting corrosion resistance, has been carried out in Hanks salt balanced physiological solution using standard potentiodynamic polarization testing. A higher corrosion potential of −0.21 V was achieved for LTS. At the optimium treating value of laser fluence (140 J cm−2), the energy dispersive x-ray analysis showed about a 30% decrease of vanadium. The contact angle measurements also indicated an improved surface wettability (i.e., hydrophilicity) characteristic at 35°. Finally, the cell culture studies provided a useful tool to investigate the morphology and cell cytotoxicity.

Ki, S-K, Cheng, DK-W & Lu, DD-C 2008, 'Analysis and design of a single-phase hybrid mode power factor correction converter', IET Power Electronics, vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 72-83.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Kiani, GI, Esselle, KP, Ford, KL, Weily, AR & Panagamuwa, C 2008, 'Angle and polarization‐independent bandstop frequency selective surface for indoor wireless systems', Microwave and Optical Technology Letters, vol. 50, no. 9, pp. 2315-2317.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

AbstractA novel bandstop frequency selective surface (FSS) is presented. It has good frequency stability for horizontally, vertically, and circularly polarized waves, incident normally or at oblique angles. This bandstop characteristic can provide physical security to WLAN and other indoor wireless systems, whereas passing mobile/cellular phone and personal communication signals. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 50: 2315–2317, 2008; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com).DOI 10.1002/mop.23654

Kiani, GI, Ford, KL, Esselle, KP, Weily, AR, Panagamuwa, C & Batchelor, JC 2008, 'Single‐layer bandpass active frequency selective surface', Microwave and Optical Technology Letters, vol. 50, no. 8, pp. 2149-2151.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

AbstractA single‐layer, bandpass, active FSS is presented. It shows good angle of incidence stability for TE incidence, at the operating frequency of 2.45 GHz. It is based on circular loop aperture with each unit cell having four PIN diodes. A novel method for dc biasing is used. About 12 dB average variation in transmission loss, between ON and OFF states, has been experimentally achieved at 2.45 GHz. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 50: 2149–2151, 2008; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.23615

Kim, S, Kang, J, Chung, YJ, Li, J & Ryu, KH 2008, 'Clustering orthologous proteins across phylogenetically distant species', Proteins: Structure, Function, and Bioinformatics, vol. 71, no. 3, pp. 1113-1122.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

AbstractThe quality of orthologous protein clusters (OPCs) is largely dependent on the results of the reciprocal BLAST (basic local alignment search tool) hits among genomes. The BLAST algorithm is very efficient and fast, but it is very difficult to get optimal solution among phylogenetically distant species because the genomes with large evolutionary distance typically have low similarity in their protein sequences. To reduce the false positives in the OPCs, thresholding is often employed on the BLAST scores. However, the thresholding also eliminates large numbers of true positives as the orthologs from distant species likely have low BLAST scores. To rectify this problem, we introduce a new hybrid method combining the Recursive and the Markov CLuster (MCL) algorithms without using the BLAST thresholding. In the first step, we use InParanoid to produce n(n−1)/2 ortholog tables from n genomes. After combining all the tables into one, our clustering algorithm clusters ortholog pairs recursively in the table. Then, our method employs MCL algorithm to compute the clusters and refines the clusters by adjusting the inflation factor. We tested our method using six different genomes and evaluated the results by comparing against Kegg Orthology (KO) OPCs, which are generated from manually curated pathways. To quantify the accuracy of the results, we introduced a new intuitive similarity measure based on our Least‐move algorithm that computes the consistency between two OPCs. We compared the resulting OPCs with the KO OPCs using this measure. We also evaluated the performance of our method using InParanoid as the baseline approach. The experimental results show that, at the inflation factor 1.3, we produced 54% more orthologs than InParanoid sacrificing a little less accuracy (1.7% less) than InParanoid, and at the factor 1.4, produced not only 15% more orthologs than InParanoid but also a higher accuracy (1.4% more) than InPara...

Kim, S-H, Ngo, HH, Shon, HK & Vigneswaran, S 2008, 'Adsorption and photocatalysis kinetics of herbicide onto titanium oxide and powdered activated carbon', SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY, vol. 58, no. 3, pp. 335-342.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

The adsorption and photocatalysis kinetics of metsulfuron-methyl (MM) onto titanium oxide (TiO2) and powdered activated carbon (PAC) were studied at varying adsorbent amount and MM concentration. The overall mass transfer in adsorption was estimated from concentration decay curves obtained in the batch adsorber. The maximum adsorption capacity decreased with increasing adsorbent amount in TiO2 adsorption. The adsorption isotherms of MM could be plotted using the Langmuir isotherm model with a reasonable degree of accuracy having higher r2 values rather than Freundlich isotherm model. Linear driving force approximation (LDFA) kinetic equation with Langmuir adsorption isotherm model was successfully applied to predict the adsorption kinetics data in various concentrations of MM in photobatch reactor. The estimated mass transfer coefficient was used to be 3.0 × 10-5, 5.5 × 10-5, 9.1 × 10-5 m/s in PAC adsorption and 2.0 × 10-5, 1.1 × 10-5, 9.0 × 10-6 m/s in TiO2 adsorption for a different MM concentration of 20, 50 and 70 mg/L, respectively. Photocatalysis kinetics was same with TiO2 of 0.2 g/L regardless of TiO2 amounts and the MM degradation kinetics was enhanced by TiO2 catalysis rather than only UV light degradation. Among the photocatalysis kinetics model with first-order, second-order and LangmuirHinshelwood (LH) model, a second-order kinetic model was found to well present the experimental data of MM by TiO2 catalyst for the range of various TiO2 amounts and MM concentration studied.

Kirchner, N, Hordern, D, Liu, D & Dissanayake, G 2008, 'Capacitive sensor for object ranging and material type identification', SENSORS AND ACTUATORS A-PHYSICAL, vol. 148, no. 1, pp. 96-104.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

This paper presents a system for object ranging and material type identification using a multifrequency approach for a capacitive sensor. It is shown through an experimental study that the deviation in the readings taken at different sensor drive frequencies and the variation in consecutive readings provide sufficient information to distinguish a range of material types commonly found in a number of environments. A supervised learning scheme is used to classify the material type of planar patches. Extensive experimental evidence is presented to demonstrate the potential of the system. The capacitive based, object penetrating, material type identification is targeted for use with an autonomous robotic system for steel bridge maintenance; significantly different interaction is required for each of the various materials present. Experimental results demonstrate that the information from the sensor is sufficient to range and identify the material type (via physical properties) of an object present in a scene where a bridge structure is being grit-blasted. © 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Kitchenham, B, Al-Khilidar, H, Babar, MA, Berry, M, Cox, K, Keung, J, Kurniawati, F, Staples, M, Zhang, H & Zhu, L 2008, 'Evaluating guidelines for reporting empirical software engineering studies', EMPIRICAL SOFTWARE ENGINEERING, vol. 13, no. 1, pp. 97-121.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Lai, X, Li, Q, Qin, P-Y, Wu, B & Liang, C-H 2008, 'A NOVEL WIDEBAND BANDPASS FILTER BASED ON COMPLEMENTARY SPLIT-RING RESONATOR', Progress In Electromagnetics Research C, vol. 1, pp. 177-184.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Lam, HK, Ling, W-K, Iu, HH-C & Ling, SSH 2008, 'Synchronization of chaotic systems using time-delayed fuzzy state-feedback controller', IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON CIRCUITS AND SYSTEMS I-REGULAR PAPERS, vol. 55, no. 3, pp. 893-903.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Lamei, A, van der Zaag, P & von Münch, E 2008, 'Basic cost equations to estimate unit production costs for RO desalination and long-distance piping to supply water to tourism-dominated arid coastal regions of Egypt', Desalination, vol. 225, no. 1-3, pp. 1-12.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

An integrated photocatalysismembrane hybrid system was investigated for wastewater treatment with the main focus on improving the cross flow microfiltration (MF) permeate flux. Photocatalysis with TiO2 (P25 Degussa) suspension as photocatalyst was applied both as pre-treatment and as inline treatment with MF. The TiO2 slurry was found to have significant effect in permeate flux for wastewater with lower dissolved organic carbon concentration. The MF flux decline due to TiO2 slurry cake on the membrane surface was minimized by allowing the TiO2 slurry to settle and by using only the supernatant for further treatment using the hybrid system. The investigation also included the study on the effect of photocatalytic reaction time and the slurry settling times on the MF permeate flux. The irradiation of ultraviolet on the MF surface in presence of TiO2 catalyst in suspension yielded in an increase in permeate flux.

Lau, H, Huang, S & Dissanayake, G 2008, 'Discounted MEAN bound for the optimal searcher path problem with non-uniform travel times', EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF OPERATIONAL RESEARCH, vol. 190, no. 2, pp. 383-397.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

We consider an extension of the optimal searcher path problem (OSP), where a searcher moving through a discretised environment may now need to spend a non-uniform amount of time travelling from one region to another before being able to search it for the presence of a moving target. In constraining not only where but when the search of each cell can take place, the problem more appropriately models the search of environments which cannot be easily partitioned into equally sized cells. An existing OSP bounding method in literature, the MEAN bound, is generalised to provide bounds for solving the new problem in a branch and bound framework. The main contribution of this paper is an enhancement, discounted MEAN (DMEAN), which greatly tightens the bound for the new and existing problems alike with almost no additional computation. We test the new algorithm against existing OSP bounding methods and show it leads to faster solution times for moving target search problems. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Lee, J, Zhu, Y & Seshia, A 2008, 'Room temperature electrometry with SUB-10 electron charge resolution', Journal of Micromechanics and Microengineering, vol. 18, no. 2, pp. 025033-025033.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Lee, JE-Y, Bahreyni, B & Seshia, AA 2008, 'An axial strain modulated double-ended tuning fork electrometer', Sensors and Actuators A: Physical, vol. 148, no. 2, pp. 395-400.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Lee, JE-Y, Bahreyni, B, Zhu, Y & Seshia, AA 2008, 'A Single-Crystal-Silicon Bulk-Acoustic-Mode Microresonator Oscillator', IEEE Electron Device Letters, vol. 29, no. 7, pp. 701-703.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Lee, JE-Y, Zhu, Y & Seshia, AA 2008, 'A bulk acoustic mode single-crystal silicon microresonator with a high-quality factor', Journal of Micromechanics and Microengineering, vol. 18, no. 6, pp. 064001-064001.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Lee, S 2008, 'Utilization of optical remote sensing data and geographic information system tools for regional landslide hazard analysis by using binomial logistic regression model', Journal of Applied Remote Sensing, vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 023542-023542.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Lee, T & Mittal, R 2008, 'Product theorems via semidefinite programming', Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics), vol. 5125 LNCS, no. PART 1, pp. 674-685.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

The tendency of semidefinite programs to compose perfectly under product hasbeen exploited many times in complexity theory: for example, by Lovasz todetermine the Shannon capacity of the pentagon; to show a direct sum theoremfor non-deterministic communication complexity and direct product theorems fordiscrepancy; and in interactive proof systems to show parallel repetitiontheorems for restricted classes of games. Despite all these examples of product theorems--some going back nearly thirtyyears--it was only recently that Mittal and Szegedy began to develop a generaltheory to explain when and why semidefinite programs behave perfectly underproduct. This theory captured many examples in the literature, but there werealso some notable exceptions which it could not explain--namely, an earlyparallel repetition result of Feige and Lovasz, and a direct product theoremfor the discrepancy method of communication complexity by Lee, Shraibman, andSpalek. We extend the theory of Mittal and Szegedy to explain these cases as well.Indeed, to the best of our knowledge, our theory captures all examples ofsemidefinite product theorems in the literature.

Lee, T & Shraibman, A 2008, 'An approximation algorithm for approximation rank', Proceedings of the Annual IEEE Conference on Computational Complexity, pp. 351-357.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

One of the strongest techniques available for showing lower bounds on quantumcommunication complexity is the logarithm of the approximation rank of thecommunication matrix--the minimum rank of a matrix which is entrywise close tothe communication matrix. This technique has two main drawbacks: it isdifficult to compute, and it is not known to lower bound quantum communicationcomplexity with entanglement. Linial and Shraibman recently introduced a norm, called gamma_2^{alpha}, toquantum communication complexity, showing that it can be used to lower boundcommunication with entanglement. Here the parameter alpha is a measure ofapproximation which is related to the allowable error probability of theprotocol. This bound can be written as a semidefinite program and gives boundsat least as large as many techniques in the literature, although it is smallerthan the corresponding alpha-approximation rank, rk_alpha. We show that in factlog gamma_2^{alpha}(A)$ and log rk_{alpha}(A)$ agree up to small factors. Ascorollaries we obtain a constant factor polynomial time approximation algorithmto the logarithm of approximate rank, and that the logarithm of approximationrank is a lower bound for quantum communication complexity with entanglement.

Lei, G, Shao, K, Li, Y & Yan, M 2008, 'Constant false alarm rate detection against Weibull clutter background', Huazhong Keji Daxue Xuebao Ziran Kexue Ban Journal of Huazhong University of Science and Technology Natural Science Edition, vol. 36, no. 3, pp. 129-132.
View description>>

Constant false alarm rate (CFAR) detection for Weibull background and linear detector is discussed. In homogeneous background, using moment estimation we get the analytical expression of the parameters, and the performance is analyzed for CFAR-detector based on moment estimation. The analysis indicates that, the obtained variance of parameter is smaller than that using maximum likelihood estimation (MLE) and order statistics, and CFAR loss is smaller than that using the CFAR algorithm based on MLE. In non-homogeneous background, a Bayes-CFAR detector is presented and detecting performance is also analyzed. The performance of Bayes-CFAR detector is better than that based on moment estimation, and also better than that using MLS and order statistics. The smaller the sample data is, the better performance it will present.

Lei, G, Shao, KR, Guo, Y, Zhu, J & Lavers, JD 2008, 'Sequential Optimization Method for the Design of Electromagnetic Device', IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MAGNETICS, vol. 44, no. 11, pp. 3217-3220.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

Three sequential optimization methods, sequential least square method, sequential Kriging method, and sequential linear Bayesian method, are presented for the optimization design of electromagnetic device. Sequential optimization method (SOM) is composed of coarse optimization process and fine optimization process. The main purpose of the former is to reduce the design space; while the target of the latter is to update the optimal design parameters. To illustrate the performance of the proposed methods, an analytic test function and the TEAM Workshop Problem 22 are investigated. Experimental results of test function demonstrate that SOM can obtain satisfactory solutions; and practical application illustrates that the number of finite element sample points is less than 1/10 compared with that by direct optimization method, while the optimal results are even better than that by direct optimization method.

Lei, G, Shao, KR, Yang, GY & Zhao, J 2008, 'Linear unbiased estimators for particle size distribution of magnetic nanoparticles', Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics, vol. 41, no. 6, pp. 065002-065002.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

We present two statistical analytical approaches to estimate the particle size distribution of magnetic nanoparticles. They are termed best linear unbiased estimator and linear minimum mean square error estimator. These approaches are implemented and quantified within the formalism of linear unbiased estimation theory. To illustrate the efficiency of the proposed approaches, we give two examples of the application to the particle size distribution analysis in ferrofluids with normal and lognormal samples. In both cases we compare the reconstruction distributions using our methods with those calculated via the electron microscopy images of the ferrofluid particles. © 2008 IOP Publishing Ltd.

Lei, J, Kong, FQ, Wu, CK & Li, YS 2008, 'Hardware-oriented rate control algorithm for JPEG2000 and its VLSI architecture design', Xi an Dianzi Keji Daxue Xuebao Journal of Xidian University, vol. 35, no. 4, pp. 645-663.
View description>>

For the purpose of decreasing the quantity of operation and reducing the size of memory, a new rate control algorithm for JPEG2000 is proposed utilizing the rate pre-allocation method, the VLSI architecture design of which is given as well. After wavelet transform and quantification on the original image, a prediction module is introduced to estimate the entropy of the EBCOT code block within the available bit-plane, and then the proportion between the estimate entropy of each code block and the summation estimate entropy of all code blocks is used to allocate the rate for each code block. EBCOT coder truncates the code stream according to the allocated rate, and thus the operation time consumed by the T1 coder is reduced. After coded by the T1 coder, each code block can be packed to the output, with no need for computing the rate-distortion slope and completing the rate-distortion optimization truncation. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm can efficiently reduce the cost of computation and memory usage, and that it is most suitable for hardware implementation.

Lei, J, Zhou, YX, Zhuang, HY, Wu, CK & Li, YS 2008, 'New compression algorithm for the satellite interferential multispectral images', Xi Tong Gong Cheng Yu Dian Zi Ji Shu Systems Engineering and Electronics, vol. 30, no. 11, pp. 2265-2269.
View description>>

In order to improve the efficiency of interferential multispectral images compression for meeting applications in satellite, a new compression algorithm is proposed. The redundancy between the two successive frames of multispectral images is removed with the use of template matching method in the wavelet domain. The region of interest coding method based on rate-distortion slope lifting is adopted to allocate reasonable rate for different image region, which feedback controls the code depth of T1 coder. Thereby the amount of computation and memory usage is reduced, which make it suitable for hardware implementation. The experimental results show that the proposed algorithm can effectively improve the resolution of the reconstruction spectrum and decrease system complexity.

Leong, T, Howard, S & Vetere, F 2008, 'FEATURETake a chance on me', Interactions, vol. 15, no. 3, pp. 16-19.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Leong, T, Vetere, F & Howard, S 2008, 'Abdicating choice: the rewards of letting go', DIGITAL CREATIVITY, vol. 19, no. 4, pp. 233-243.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

Increasingly, people are faced with having to deal with vast amount of digital content. But in some situations, having to choose from such large digital libraries can be unpleasant and even paralysing, especially when people have no strong preference for a particular choice. Digital music listening is an example of such a dilemma. Focusing on Shuffle listening on the iPod, whereby listeners abdicate choice to a system to present content to them randomly, we observe that this mode of abdicating choice not only alleviates the pains of choice but also leads to better user-experience in some circumstances. Randomness is highlighted as a versatile resource. Acting as a device that 'defamiliarises' the digital music tracks, it refreshes and engages listeners' attention as well as shapes their perceptions. In some cases, the use of randomness enriches their listening experience and even encourages encounters with serendipity.

LEUNG, FHF, LING, SH & LAM, HK 2008, 'AN IMPROVED GENETIC-ALGORITHM-BASED NEURAL-TUNED NEURAL NETWORK', International Journal of Computational Intelligence and Applications, vol. 07, no. 04, pp. 469-492.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

This paper presents a neural-tuned neural network (NTNN), which is trained by an improved genetic algorithm (GA). The NTNN consists of a common neural network and a modified neural network (MNN). In the MNN, a neuron model with two activation functions is introduced. An improved GA is proposed to train the parameters of the proposed network. A set of improved genetic operations are presented, which show superior performance over the traditional GA. The proposed network structure can increase the search space of the network and offer better performance than the traditional feed-forward neural network. Two application examples are given to illustrate the merits of the proposed network and the improved GA.

Leyendekkers, JV & Shannon, AG 2008, 'Unification and infinite series', International Journal of Mathematical Education in Science and Technology, vol. 39, no. 7, pp. 948-952.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

Some infinite series are analysed on the basis of the hypergeometric function and integer structure and modular rings. The resulting generalized functions are compared with differentiation of the 'mother' series.

Leyendekkers, JV, Shannon, AG & Wong, CK 2008, 'Integer structure analysis of the product of adjacent integers and Euler's extension of Fermat's Last Theorem', Advanced Studies in Contemporary Mathematics (Kyungshang), vol. 17, no. 2, pp. 221-229.
View description>>

Integer Structure (IS) analysis is used to illustrate why the product of consecutive integers can never be a power. IS analysis is also used to show how counter examples can be used to test Euler's assumptions about the extension of Fermat's Last Theorem.

Li Yunsong, 李, Kong Fanqiang, 孔, Wu Chengke, 吴 & Lei Jie, 雷 2008, 'Interference Multi-Spectral Image Compression Based on Distributed Source Coding', Acta Optica Sinica, vol. 28, no. 8, pp. 1463-1468.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Li, H, Han, J, Pi, H, Jiang, Z, Wei, D & Tieu, AK 2008, 'Modeling texture development during cold rolling of IF steel by crystal plasticity finite element method', Journal of University of Science and Technology Beijing, Mineral, Metallurgy, Material, vol. 15, no. 6, pp. 696-701.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

With the consideration of slip deformation mechanism and various slip systems of body centered cubic (BCC) metals, Taylor-type and finite element polycrystal models were embedded into the commercial finite element code ABAQUS to realize crystal plasticity finite element modeling, based on the rate dependent crystal constitutive equations. Initial orientations measured by electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) were directly input into the crystal plasticity finite element model to simulate the development of rolling texture of interstitial-free steel (IF steel) at various reductions. The modeled results show a good agreement with the experimental results. With increasing reduction, the predicted and experimental rolling textures tend to sharper, and the results simulated by the Taylor-type model are stronger than those simulated by finite element model. Conclusions are obtained that rolling textures calculated with 48 {110}< 111 >+{112}< 111 >+{123}< 111 > slip systems are more approximate to EBSD results. (C) 2008 University of Science and Technology Beijing. All rights reserved.

Li, L, Lou, Q, Zhou, J, Dong, J, Wei, Y & Li, J 2008, 'Influence of bending diameter on output capability of multimode fiber laser', Frontiers of Optoelectronics in China, vol. 1, no. 1-2, pp. 91-94.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Li, M, Yuan, X & Su, J 2008, 'The number of vertices of degree 7 in a contraction-critical 7-connected graph', Discrete Mathematics, vol. 308, no. 24, pp. 6262-6268.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Li, S & Ying, M 2008, 'Soft constraint abstraction based on semiring homomorphism', THEORETICAL COMPUTER SCIENCE, vol. 403, no. 2-3, pp. 192-201.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

The semiring-based constraint satisfaction problems (semiring CSPs), proposed by Bistarelli, Montanari and Rossi [S. Bistarelli, U. Montanari, F. Rossi, Semiring-based constraints solving and optimization, Journal of the ACM 44 (2) (1997) 201-236], is a very general framework of soft constraints. In this paper we propose an abstraction scheme for soft constraints that uses semiring homomorphism. To find optimal solutions of the concrete problem, we first work in the abstract problem and find its optimal solutions, and then use them to solve the concrete problem. In particular, we show that a mapping preserves optimal solutions if and only if it is an order-reflecting semiring homomorphism. Moreover, for a semiring homomorphism α and a problem P over S, if t is optimal in α (P), then there is an optimal solution over(t, ̄) of P such that over(t, ̄) has the same value as t in α (P). © 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Li, X, Duan, Q, Han, X & Sheng, DC 2008, 'Adaptive coupled arbitrary Lagrangian–Eulerian finite element and meshfree method for injection molding process', International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering, vol. 73, no. 8, pp. 1153-1180.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

AbstractThis paper presents an adaptive method that couples the finite element (FE) method and the meshfree (MF) method in the arbitrary Lagrangian–Eulerian (ALE) description for numerical simulation of injection molding processes. The ALE feature is used to accurately capture moving free surfaces of flow problems and, meanwhile, to alleviate mesh distortion and its influence on the accuracy and robustness of numerical solutions. Based on the continuous blending method, originally presented for properly imposing the essential boundaryconditions in MF methods, the coupled ALE FE and MF method is developed, to exploit the respective advantages of both FE and MF methods, but to avoid their respective weak points. The method features self‐adaptivity in view of the fact that moving free surfaces in an injection molding process are continuously advanced. The Pressure‐stabilized Fractional Step Algorithm, in which the modified version of the finite increment calculus process is extended to the coupled ALE FE and MF method, is used to solve incompressible Navier–Stokes equations governing the injected polymer flow, so that equal low‐orderu−p interpolations that violate the LBB condition can be effectively used. Numerical experiments demonstrate the significance and ability of the proposed method for numerical simulation of injection molding processes. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Lim, GT, Kim, KH, Kim, KS, Li, HJ, Song, SJ, Shon, H & Cho, DL 2008, 'A study on the dry cleaning of aluminium surfaces by low temperature plasma process', Journal of the Korean Industrial and Engineering Chemistry, vol. 19, no. 6, pp. 640-644.
View description>>

Lubricating oil on aluminium surfaces was cleaned by a low temperature plasma process. Oxygen plasma mixed with argon was used, and process parameters were the mixing ratio of argon in oxygen, discharge power, and negative DC potential. The aluminium surfaces were analyzed with FTIR and EDX after the cleaning. It was found that almost all of the oil was eliminated in 20 min. if the oil was pure. Elimination efficiency was highly dependent on operational conditions of the process. The highest efficiency was obtained when treated at 300 W with oxygen plasma mixed with 30% argon applying negative potential more than -500 V on the aluminium surfaces. However, efficiency higher that 60% cannot be obtained at any condition if the oil contained inorganic materials.

Lin Gui, Bo Liu, Wenfeng Ma & Bowei Song 2008, 'A Novel Method of Frequency-Offset Estimation Using Time Domain PN Sequences in OFDM Systems', IEEE Transactions on Broadcasting, vol. 54, no. 1, pp. 140-145.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Lin, CT & Siana, L 2008, 'An efficient human detection system using adaptive neural fuzzy networks', International Journal of Fuzzy Systems, vol. 10, no. 3, pp. 150-160.
View description>>

The proposed efficient human detection system is based on an adaptive neural fuzzy network (ANFN). In the preprocessing process, we apply a background subtraction algorithm with Gaussian mixture model (GMM) background model to extract moving objects, and adopt a shadow elimination process to eliminate some noise and irregular moving objects. The modified independent component analysis (mICA) based conditional entropy is presented to extract and select the efficient features (independent components). Furthermore, we use an adaptive neural fuzzy network as a human detection system to recognize human objects. The ANFN model uses a functional link neural network (FLNN) to create the consequent part of the fuzzy rules. The orthogonal polynomial is applied as a functional expansion of the FLNN. The learning process of ANFN consists of structure learning and parameter learning. The structure learning depends on the entropy measure to determine the number of fuzzy rules. The parameter learning, based on the back propagation method, is used to adjust the membership function and corresponding weights of the FLNN. Finally, the proposed human detection system is applied in various circumstances. The results of this study demonstrate the accuracy of the proposed method. © 2008 TFSA.

Lin, C-T, Chen, Y-C, Huang, T-Y, Chiu, T-T, Ko, L-W, Liang, S-F, Hsieh, H-Y, Hsu, S-H & Duann, J-R 2008, 'Development of Wireless Brain Computer Interface With Embedded Multitask Scheduling and its Application on Real-Time Driver's Drowsiness Detection and Warning', IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering, vol. 55, no. 5, pp. 1582-1591.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Lin, C-T, Lin, K-L, Ko, L-W, Liang, S-F, Kuo, B-C & Chung, I-F 2008, 'Nonparametric Single-Trial EEG Feature Extraction and Classification of Driver's Cognitive Responses', EURASIP Journal on Advances in Signal Processing, vol. 2008, no. 1.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Lin, CT, Yang, CT & Su, MT 2008, 'A hybridization of immune algorithm with particle swarm optimization for neuro-fuzzy classifiers', International Journal of Fuzzy Systems, vol. 10, no. 3, pp. 139-149.
View description>>

In order to enhance the immune algorithm (IA) performance and find the optimal solution when dealing with difficult problems, we propose an efficient immune-based particle swarm optimization (IPSO) for neuro-fuzzy classifiers to solve the skin color detection problem. The proposed IPSO combines the immune algorithm (IA) and particle swarm optimization (PSO) to perform parameter learning. The IA uses the clonal selection principle, such that antibodies between others of high similar degree are affected, and these antibodies, after the process, will have higher quality, accelerating the search and increasing the global search capacity. The PSO algorithm has proved to be very effective for solving global optimization. It is not only a recently invented high-performance optimizer that is easy to understand and implement, but it also requires little computational bookkeeping and generally only a few lines of code. Hence, we employed the advantages of PSO to improve the mutation mechanism of the immune algorithm. Simulations have shown the performance and applicability of the proposed method. © 2008 TFSA.

Lin, L & Cao, L 2008, 'Mining in-depth patterns in stock market', International Journal of Intelligent Systems Technologies and Applications, vol. 4, no. 3/4, pp. 225-225.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

Stock trading plays an important role for supporting profitable stock investment. In particular, more and more data mining-based technical trading rules have been developed and used in stock trading systems to assist investors with their smart trading decisions. However, many mined trading rules are of no interest to traders and brokers because they are discovered based on statistical significance without checking traders' interestingness concerns. To this end, this paper proposes in-depth data mining technologies to overcome the disadvantages of current data mining methods. We implement a decision support in-depth trading pattern discovery system with Robust Genetic Algorithms (RGA). The system integrates expert knowledge and considers domain constraints into the trading rule development. We further utilise this technique to mine actionable stock-rule pairs targeting behaviour with high return at low risk. The proposed approaches are tested in real stock orderbook data with varying investment strategies.

Lin, W, Fu, Q, Zhang, Y & Huang, J 2008, 'One-Pot Synthesis of ABC Type Triblock Copolymers via a Combination of “Click Chemistry” and Atom Transfer Nitroxide Radical Coupling Chemistry', Macromolecules, vol. 41, no. 12, pp. 4127-4135.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Ling, DSF, Yang, L, Afroz, S & Hsieh, C 2008, 'The Brain Tourniquet: Physiological Isolation of Brain Regions Damaged by Traumatic Head Injury'.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Ling, SH, Iu, HHC, Chan, KY, Lam, HK, Yeung, BCW & Leung, FH 2008, 'Hybrid particle swarm optimization with wavelet mutation and its industrial applications', IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON SYSTEMS MAN AND CYBERNETICS PART B-CYBERNETICS, vol. 38, no. 3, pp. 743-763.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

A new hybrid particle swarm optimization (PSO) that incorporates a wavelet-theory-based mutation operation is proposed. It applies the wavelet theory to enhance the PSO in exploring the solution space more effectively for a better solution. A suite of benchmark test functions and three industrial applications (solving the load flow problems, modeling the development of fluid dispensing for electronic packaging, and designing a neural-network-based controller) are employed to evaluate the performance and the applicability of the proposed method. Experimental results empirically show that the proposed method significantly outperforms the existing methods in terms of convergence speed, solution quality, and solution stability. © 2008 IEEE.

Ling, SH, Iu, HHC, Leung, FHF & Chan, KY 2008, 'Improved hybrid particle swarm optimized wavelet neural network for Modeling the development of Fluid Dispensing for Electronic Packaging', IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INDUSTRIAL ELECTRONICS, vol. 55, no. 9, pp. 3447-3460.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

An improved hybrid particle swarm optimization (PSO)-based wavelet neural network (WNN) for Modeling the development of Fluid Dispensing for Electronic Packaging (MFD-EP) is presented in this paper. In modeling the fluid dispensing process, it is important to understand the process behavior as well as determine the optimum operating conditions of the process for a high-yield, low-cost, and robust operation. Modeling the fluid dispensing process is a complex nonlinear problem. This kind of problem is suitable to be solved by applying a neural network. Among the different kinds of neural networks, the WNN is a good choice to solve the problem. In the proposed WNN, the translation parameters are variables depending on the network inputs. Due to the variable translation parameters, the network becomes an adaptive one that provides better performance and increased learning ability than conventional WNNs. An improved hybrid PSO is applied to train the parameters of the proposed WNN. The proposed hybrid PSO incorporates a wavelet-theory-based mutation operation. It applies the wavelet theory to enhance the PSO in more effectively exploring the solution space to reach a better solution. A case study of MFD-EP is employed to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method. © 2008 IEEE.

Lister, R 2008, 'Computer Science Education', Computer Science Education, vol. 18, no. 2, pp. 65-66.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Lister, R 2008, 'CS research', ACM SIGCSE Bulletin, vol. 40, no. 4, pp. 16-18.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

If our human bodies are a reflection of what we eat, then the collective body of an academic community is a reflection of what its members cite. To better understand the Computing Education Research Community, I recently counted the conferences, journals and books cited in the 43 papers comprising the first three International Computing Education Research Workshops (i.e. ICERs 2007-2007). These 43 ICER papers contained 1130 citations, which is a remarkable average of 26 citations per publication. Almost one third (32%) of the citations were to conferences, while 38% of citations were to journals, and 21% to books and book chapters.

Lister, R 2008, 'The originality glut', ACM SIGCSE Bulletin, vol. 40, no. 2, pp. 14-15.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

Originality is over-rated in computing education research. We have a world-wide glut of originality.

Lister, R & Box, I 2008, 'A citation analysis of the sigcse 2007 proceedings', ACM SIGCSE Bulletin, vol. 40, no. 1, pp. 476-480.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

This paper identifies the most commonly cited conferences, journals and books among the 1398 citations made in the 122 publications of the SIGCSE 2007 proceedings. The SIGCSE 2007 authors cited a very large array of conferences, journals and books, but the majority are only cited within a single paper. There are only a very small set of journals and conferences cited frequently. Most books cited are concerned with technical information or are textbooks. Only 2% of books are concerned with computer science education and 23% with education in general. The picture that emerges from this citation analysis is that the SIGCSE community does not have a substantial core set of educational literature. Also, the epistemology of the SIGCSE community is primarily objectivist, with a focus on content, rather than a constructivist, student-centered focus on learning.

Liu, A, Wu, C & Schisterman, EF 2008, 'Nonparametric sequential evaluation of diagnostic biomarkers', Statistics in Medicine, vol. 27, no. 10, pp. 1667-1678.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

AbstractWe consider evaluation and comparison of the diagnostic accuracy of biomarkers with continuous test outcomes, possibly correlated due to repeated measurements. We develop nonparametric group sequential testing procedures to evaluate and compare the area of biomarkers under their receiver operating characteristic curves, with either independent or paired test outcomes. These procedures rely on the construction of a two‐dimensional statistic of Whitehead (Statist. Med. 1999; 18:2271–2286) so that design methods based on Brownian motion can be applied. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Liu, A, Wu, C & Yu, KF 2008, 'Point and Interval Estimation of Primary and Secondary Parameters in a Two-Stage Adaptive Clinical Trial', Journal of Biopharmaceutical Statistics, vol. 18, no. 2, pp. 211-226.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

Investigated in this paper is the point estimation and confidence intervals of the treatment efficacy parameter and related secondary parameters in a two-stage adaptive trial. Based on the minimal sufficient statistics, several alternative estimators to the sample averages are proposed to reduce the bias and to improve the precision of estimation. Confidence intervals are constructed using Woodroofe's pivot method. Numerical studies are conducted to evaluate the bias and mean squared error of the estimators and the coverage probability of the confidence intervals. Copyright © Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.

Liu, A, Wu, C & Yu, KF 2008, 'Two-stage procedures for selecting the best diagnostic biomarkers', Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences, vol. 366, no. 1874, pp. 2293-2299.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

Considered in the paper is the problem of selecting a diagnostic biomarker that has the highest classification rate among several candidate markers with dichotomous outcomes. The probability of correct selection depends on a number of nuisance parameters from the joint distribution of the biomarkers and thus can be substantially affected if these nuisance parameters are misspecified. A two-stage procedure is proposed to compute the needed sample size that achieves the desired level of correct selection, as so confirmed by simulation results.

Liu, B, Gui, L, Zhang, W & Song, B 2008, 'On Channel Estimation Method Using Time Domain Sequences in OFDM Systems', IEEE Transactions on Broadcasting, vol. 54, no. 4, pp. 786-791.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Liu, B, Gui, L, Zhang, W & Xiong, H 2008, 'Frequency Domain Feed-forward Filter Combined DFE Structure in Single Carrier Systems over Time-varying Channels', IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON CONSUMER ELECTRONICS, vol. 54, no. 4, pp. 1569-1575.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Liu, B, Hao, Z, Lu, J & Zhang, G 2008, 'Supervised feature extraction based on One-against-All scheme', Dynamics of Continuous, Discrete and Impulsive Systems Series B: Applications and Algorithms, vol. 15, no. 3, pp. 339-350.
View description>>

Support vector machines (SVMs) as being good tools for classification problems has been proposed by Vapnik. This paper proposes a supervised feature extraction method based on One-against-All scheme for the multi-class classification problems. In this approach, after embedding all the classes into one feature space and constructing hyperplanes based on One-against-All scheme, we extract the orientation distance features between the examples and every hyperplanes in the space, and then map the new features into another feature space, finally utilize other algorithms to classify them. In order to examine the performance of the proposed approach, One-against-All, One-against-One and the introduced approach are compared using three UCI data sets. From the results, we reported that after mapping the examples two times, the training accuracy and generalization performance is enhanced more or less. Copyright © 2008 Watam Press.

Liu, G, Li, J & Wong, L 2008, 'A new concise representation of frequent itemsets using generators and a positive border', KNOWLEDGE AND INFORMATION SYSTEMS, vol. 17, no. 1, pp. 35-56.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

A complete set of frequent itemsets can get undesirably large due to redundancy when the minimum support threshold is low or when the database is dense. Several concise representations have been previously proposed to eliminate the redundancy. Generator based representations rely on a negative border to make the representation lossless. However, the number of itemsets on a negative border sometimes even exceeds the total number of frequent itemsets. In this paper, we propose to use a positive border together with frequent generators to form a lossless representation. A positive border is usually orders of magnitude smaller than its corresponding negative border. A set of frequent generators plus its positive border is always no larger than the corresponding complete set of frequent itemsets, thus it is a true concise representation. The generalized form of this representation is also proposed. We develop an efficient algorithm, called GrGrowth, to mine generators and positive borders as well as their generalizations. The GrGrowth algorithm uses the depth-first-search strategy to explore the search space, which is much more efficient than the breadth-first-search strategy adopted by most of the existing generator mining algorithms. Our experiment results show that the GrGrowth algorithm is significantly faster than level-wise algorithms for mining generator based representations, and is comparable to the state-of-the-art algorithms for mining frequent closed itemsets. © Springer-Verlag London Limited 2007.

Liu, G, Li, J & Wong, L 2008, 'Assessing and predicting protein interactions using both local and global network topological metrics.', Genome Inform, vol. 21, pp. 138-149.
View description>>

High-throughput protein interaction data, with ever-increasing volume, are becoming the foundation of many biological discoveries. However, high-throughput protein interaction data are often associated with high false positive and false negative rates. It is desirable to develop scalable methods to identify these errors. In this paper, we develop a computational method to identify spurious interactions and missing interactions from high-throughput protein interaction data. Our method uses both local and global topological information of protein pairs, and it assigns a local interacting score and a global interacting score to every protein pair. The local interacting score is calculated based on the common neighbors of the protein pairs. The global interacting score is computed using globally interacting protein group pairs. The two scores are then combined to obtain a final score called LGTweight to indicate the interacting possibility of two proteins. We tested our method on the DIP yeast interaction dataset. The experimental results show that the interactions ranked top by our method have higher functional homogeneity and localization coherence than existing methods, and our method also achieves higher sensitivity and precision under 5-fold cross validation than existing methods.

Liu, Q, Loganathan, P, Hedley, MJ & Grace, LJ 2008, 'Effect of mycorrhizal inoculation on rhizosphere properties, phosphorus uptake and growth of pine seedlings treated with and without a phosphate rock fertilizer', JOURNAL OF PLANT NUTRITION, vol. 31, no. 1, pp. 137-156.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

A pot trial was carried out for 10 months to investigate the effects of ectomycorrhizal (ECM) fungal infection and phosphorus (P) fertilization on the growth of newly germinated Pinus radiata D. Don seedling, P uptake by the seedlings and rhizosphere properties. The experiment consisted of two phosphate rock (PR)-P application rates [0 and 100 mg P kg- 1 soil supplied as Ben Guire PR (BGPR)] and 5 soil treatments (autoclaved soil, fungicide-treated soil, untreated natural soil, and Rhizopogon rubescens Tul. and Suillus luteus (L. ex. Fr.) S. F. Gray inoculated soils). The results showed that the treatment effects were more striking in P-fertilized treatments. In P-fertilized soils, all the non-autoclaved treatments significantly increased seedling growth and P concentration and P uptake in plant tissues compared with the autoclaved treatment. The ECM inoculation produced greater phosphatase activities, higher oxalate concentration, and more plant-available P (soil solution P and resin extractable P) in the rhizosphere soils than in the bulk soils in P-fertilized soil. Compared with S. luteus, R. rubescens inoculation resulted in greater ECM tip density in seedling roots in P-fertilized treatments, indicating that R. rubescens are more susceptible to infection of radiata seedling roots. Approximately 57-69% of the BGPR added to the soil had been dissolved in 10 months after application and BGPR significantly increased seedling height, ECM root tip density, and P concentration in shoots in both autoclaved and non-autoclaved treatments. Copyright © Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.

Liu, S-Y, Chen, Y-P, Fang, F, Li, S-H, Ni, B-J, Liu, G, Tian, Y-C, Xiong, Y & Yu, H-Q 2008, 'Innovative Solid-State Microelectrode for Nitrite Determination in a Nitrifying Granule', Environmental Science & Technology, vol. 42, no. 12, pp. 4467-4471.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Loganathan, P, Hedley, MJ & Grace, ND 2008, 'Pasture soils contaminated with fertilizer-derived cadmium and fluorine: Livestock effects', REVIEWS OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY, VOL 192, vol. 192, pp. 29-66.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

Pasture-based livestock production is a major system of agriculture in many parts of the world. Approximately one-fifth of the world's land area is used for livestock production, twice the area used for growing crops. Grazing livestock occupy approximately 3.5 billion ha of permanent pasture (FAO Statistics 2006). In the more intensively stocked pastures, pasture production has been increased through introduction of improved pasture species and regular application of fertilizers. In ryegrass and clover-based pastures, common in temperate climates, the main nutrients applied in fertilizers have been phosphorus (P) and sulfur (S). Nitrogen, sulfur, and potassium fertilizers are relatively free of contaminants, but P fertilizers, e.g., single and triple superphosphate (SSP, TSP), and diammonium phosphate (DAP) often contain many contaminants derived from the phosphate rocks (PR) used in their manufacture. If not managed appropriately, these fertilizer contaminants may cause adverse effects on livestock health, food quality, and environment. © 2008 Springer.

Longbing Cao, Chengqi Zhang & MengChu Zhou 2008, 'Engineering Open Complex Agent Systems: A Case Study', IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, Part C (Applications and Reviews), vol. 38, no. 4, pp. 483-496.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

Open complex agent systems (OCAS) are becoming increasingly important in constructing problem-solving systems for enterprise applications. are challenging because they present very high system complexities involving human users and interactions with a changing environment. The existing agent-oriented software engineering (AOSE) approaches have trouble in engineering OCAS because of a number of deficiencies, e.g., lacking the capability of handling system dynamics analysis. This paper introduces an effective AOSE approach, i.e., organization- and service-oriented system analysis and design (OSOAD). It is used to extract and model system members and design a real-life OCAS system called financial trading rule automated development and evaluation (F-Trade). Through the case studies of visual and formal modeling and design of major organizational members, relations, and subsystems in F-Trade, this paper demonstrates the effective mechanisms and capabilities of the OSOAD approach. System implementation and evaluation results further show that OSOAD provides comprehensive AOSE support for engineering real-world open complex agent organizations. © 2008 IEEE.

López-Mariscal, C, Burnham, D, Rudd, D, McGloin, D & Gutiérrez-Vega, JC 2008, 'Phase dynamics of continuous topological upconversion in vortex beams', Optics Express, vol. 16, no. 15, pp. 11411-11411.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Lu, DDC 2008, 'Synthesis of Single Phase DC/AC Inverters', Australian Journal of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, vol. 5, no. 1, pp. 75-84.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

Many authors have identified the need to improve the definitions of non-active power under non-sinusoidal conditions. It has also been stated the need for a generalised power theory to provide a simultaneous common base for measurement, compensation, power quality and identification of sources of distortion. A solution is to decompose, as accurately as possible, the total instantaneous power into active and non-active components based on the power system properties. To enable this, the load model must closely represent the actual. This paper presents a new instantaneous power theory that achieves this for the single-phase system. This theory is based on both voltage and current harmonic components. With good knowledge of the time profile of active/non-active power components, an accurate time-domain measurement of the non-active power is achieved. This non-active component can be utilised to achieve optimal compensation, as well as gauge power quality. The theory is evaluated for linear and non-linear loads in the presence of harmonics using case studies. The case studies use single-phase resistive and inductive loads with diodes to create non-linear load as necessary. Evaluations of the results demonstrate good performance of the proposed theory. © Institution of Engineers Australia, 2008.

LU, DD-C 2008, 'ON CONTROL OF INTERMEDIATE CAPACITOR VOLTAGE IN SINGLE-STAGE AC/DC PFC CONVERTER', Journal of Circuits, Systems and Computers, vol. 17, no. 01, pp. 95-105.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

To reduce the intermediate storage capacitor voltage stress in single-stage power-factor-corrected (S2PFC) converters due to the change of load, some effective approaches such as variable frequency control and negative bus voltage feedback have been proposed. However, this intermediate capacitor voltage still varies largely against the change of line voltage. This paper proposes a S2PFC converter which is constructed in a way such that the amount of energy to and from the intermediate storage capacitor can be varied when the line voltage is changed, hence narrowed the range of intermediate capacitor voltage fluctuation. This is achieved by an auxiliary bidirectional switch, which operates at zero-voltage-switching (ZVS) condition. A dual-loop voltage mode control is proposed for the converter to achieve power factor correction, output voltage regulation, and intermediate capacitor voltage control simultaneously. Simulation and experimental results show that the proposed approach is effective.

Lu, DDC, Hill, JW & Chan, RYW 2008, 'Single-switch dual output flyback DC/DC converter with time multiplexing control', International Journal of Power Electronics, vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 101-101.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

Controlling two outputs with a single controlling switch in the power converter presents difficulties when two contrasting actions are required to raise one output and decrease the other. This paper studies the application of time multiplexing control (TMC) technique on power converters, with particular interest on single-switch multiple-output converters. Each output has its own feedback control circuit but these discrete feedback control loops are intermittently switched to regulate the duration of the ‘on period’ and ‘off period’ of the power switches. The inclusion of multiplexing logic to incorporate multiple controllers will improve the regulation of the auxiliary outputs and the main output within the tolerances required for electronic equipment. The output errors can be distributed between the outputs according to the time sharing factor of the time multiplexing logic controller. Simulation and experimental results on a single-switch dual-output flyback converter with and without TMC are reported to verify the error sharing capability of the proposed method. This control approach suggests a possible solution in improving the overall performance of the power supply in terms of output voltage regulation. © 2008 Inderscience Enterprises Ltd.

Lu, J, Liu, B, Zhang, G, Hao, Z & Xiao, Y 2008, 'A situation assessment approach using support vector machines as a learning tool', International Journal of Nuclear Knowledge Management, vol. 3, no. 1, pp. 82-82.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

In order to assess a situation and support decision makers' awareness for the situation, this study first proposes a situation assessment model with mathematical description. It then develops a Support Vector Machine based assessment approach, which has the ability to learn the rules from the previous assessment results and generate necessary warnings for a situation. Finally, a set of experiments is conducted to illustrate and validate the proposed approach.

Lu, J, Yang, X & Zhang, G 2008, 'Support vector machine-based multi-source multi-attribute information integration for situation assessment', EXPERT SYSTEMS WITH APPLICATIONS, vol. 34, no. 2, pp. 1333-1340.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

Understanding any given situation requires integrating many pieces of information. Such information has in most cases multiple attributes and is obtained from multiple data sources within multiple time slots. Situation assessors' experience and preference will naturally influence the result of information integration, and hence influence the awareness generated for a situation. This study focuses on how multi-source multi-attribute information about a situation is integrated and how the awareness information for the situation is derived. A learning-based information integration approach, which embeds the fuzzy least squares support vector machine (FLS-SVM) technique, is developed in this study. This approach can assess a situation through integrating and inference obtained information and analyzing related data sources. A series of experiments show that the proposed approach has an accuracy learning ability from assessors' experience in the information integration for generating awareness for a situation. © 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Lu, J, Zhang, G & Ruan, D 2008, 'Intelligent multi-criteria fuzzy group decision-making for situation assessments', SOFT COMPUTING, vol. 12, no. 3, pp. 289-299.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

Organizational decisions and situation assessment are often made in groups, and decision and assessment processes involve various uncertain factors. To increase efficiently group decision-making, this study presents a new rational-political model as a systematic means of supporting group decision-making in an uncertain environment. The model takes advantage of both rational and political models and can handle inconsistent assessment, incomplete information and inaccurate opinions in deriving the best solution for the group decision under a sequential framework. The model particularly identifies three uncertain factors involved in a group decision-making process: decision makers' roles, preferences for alternatives, and judgments for assessment-criteria. Based on this model, an intelligent multi-criteria fuzzy group decision-making method is proposed to deal with the three uncertain factors described by linguistic terms. The proposed method uses general fuzzy numbers and aggregates these factors into a group satisfactory decision that is in a most acceptable degree of the group. Inference rules are particularly introduced into the method for checking the consistence of individual preferences. Finally, a real case-study on a business situation assessment is illustrated by the proposed method. © Springer-Verlag 2007.

Lu, J, Zhang, G & Wu, F 2008, 'TEAM SITUATION AWARENESS USING WEB-BASED FUZZY GROUP DECISION SUPPORT SYSTEMS', INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF COMPUTATIONAL INTELLIGENCE SYSTEMS, vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 50-59.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

Situation awareness (SA) is an important element to support responses and decision making to crisis problems. Decision making for a complex situation often needs a team to work cooperatively to get consensus awareness for the situation. Team SA is characterized including information sharing, opinion integration and consensus SA generation. In the meantime, various uncertainties are involved in team SA during information collection and awareness generation. Also, the collaboration between team members may be across distances and need web-based technology to facilitate. This paper presents a web-based fuzzy group decision support system (WFGDSS) and demonstrates how this system can provide a means of support for generating team SA in a distributed team work context with the ability of handling uncertain information.

Lu, J, Zhang, G & Wu, F 2008, 'Team Situation Awareness using Web-Based Fuzzy Group Decision Support Systems', International Journal of Computational Intelligence Systems, vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 50-59.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

Situation awareness (SA) is an important element to support responses and decision making to crisis problems. Decision making for a complex situation often needs a team to work cooperatively to get consensus awareness for the situation. Team SA is characterized including information sharing, opinion integration and consensus SA generation. In the meantime, various uncertainties are involved in team SA during information collection and awareness generation. Also, the collaboration between team members may be across distances and need web-based technology to facilitate. This paper presents a web-based fuzzy group decision support system (WFGDSS) and demonstrates how this system can provide a means of support for generating team SA in a distributed team work context with the ability of handling uncertain information. © 2008 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.

Luo Dan, Cao Longbing, Luo Chao, Zhang Chengqi & Wang Weiyuan 2008, 'Towards Business Interestingness in Actionable Knowledge Discovery', Frontiers in Artificial Intelligence and Applications, vol. 177, no. 1, pp. 99-109.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

From the evolution of developing a pattern interestingness perspective, data mining has experienced two phases, which are Phase 1: technical objective interestingness focused research, and Phase 2: technical objective and subjective interestingness focused studies. As a result of these efforts, patterns mined are of significant interest to technical concern. However, technically interesting patterns are not necessarily of interest to business. In fact, real-world experience shows that many mined patterns, which are interesting from the perspective of the data mining method used, are out of business expectations when they are delivered to the final user. This scenario actually involves a grand challenge in next-generation KDD (Knowledge Discovery in Databases) studies, defined as actionable knowledge discovery. To discover knowledge that can be used for taking actions to business advantages, this paper addresses a framework that extends the evolution process of knowledge evaluation to Phase 3 and Phase 4. In Phase 3, concerns with objective interestingness from a business perspective are added on top of Phase 2, while in Phase 4 both technical and business interestingness should be satisfied in terms of objective and subjective perspectives. The introduction of Phase 4 provides a comprehensive knowledge actionability framework for actionable knowledge discovery. We illustrate applications in governmental data mining showing that the considerations and adoption of the framework described in Phase 4 has potential to enhance both sides of interestingness and expectation. As a result, knowledge discovered has better chances to support action-taking in the business world.

Luo, C, Dlugogorski, BZ, Moghtaderi, B & Kennedy, EM 2008, 'Modified exponential schemes for convection–diffusion problems', Communications in Nonlinear Science and Numerical Simulation, vol. 13, no. 2, pp. 369-379.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Luo, J, Chen, L & Luo, Z 2008, 'A level set method for topology optimization using AOS scheme', Guti Lixue Xuebao/Acta Mechanica Solida Sinica, vol. 29, no. 2, pp. 175-180.
View description>>

This paper presents an extended level set method for topology optimization in which a semi-implicit additive operator splitting (AOS) scheme is included to solve the Hamilton-Jacobi equation. Thus, the time step size to satisfy the CFL condition for the up-wind scheme is totally eliminated. The finite difference format is now unconditionally stable and without any step size restriction, which leads the present method to a higher efficiency and stability. In addition, the time-consuming procedure for regularly reinitializing the level set function is avoided. As a result, the well-recognized disadvantage of no mechanism being included to creating new holes inside the material domain in the conventional level set method is accordingly resolved. A typical example is applied to demonstrate the availability of the present method.

Luo, J, Luo, Z, Chen, L, Tong, L & Wang, MY 2008, 'A semi-implicit level set method for structural shape and topology optimization', Journal of Computational Physics, vol. 227, no. 11, pp. 5561-5581.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

This paper proposes a new level set method for structural shape and topology optimization using a semi-implicit scheme. Structural boundary is represented implicitly as the zero level set of a higher-dimensional scalar function and an appropriate time-ma

Luo, J, Luo, Z, Chen, S, Tong, L & Wang, MY 2008, 'A new level set method for systematic design of hinge-free compliant mechanisms', Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering, vol. 198, no. 2, pp. 318-331.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

This paper presents a new level set-based method to realize shape and topology optimization of hinge-free compliant mechanisms. A quadratic energy functional used in image processing applications is introduced in the level set method to control the geometric width of structural components in the created mechanism. A semi-implicit scheme with an additive operator splitting (AOS) algorithm is employed to solve the Hamilton-Jacobi partial differential equation (PDE) in the level set method. The design of compliant mechanisms is mathematically represented as a general non-linear programming with a new objective function augmented by the high-order energy term. The structural optimization is thus changed to a numerical process that describes the design as a sequence of motions by updating the implicit boundaries until the optimized structure is achieved under specified constraints. In doing so, it is expected that numerical difficulties such as the Courant-Friedrichs-Lewy (CFL) condition and periodically applied re-initialization procedures in most conventional level set methods can be eliminated. In addition, new holes can be created inside the design domain. The final mechanism configurations consist of strip-like members suitable for generating distributed compliance, and solving the de-facto hinge problem in the design of compliant mechanisms. Two widely studied numerical examples are studied to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method in the context of designing distributed compliant mechanisms. © 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Luo, Q & Tong, L 2008, 'Analytical solutions for adhesive composite joints considering large deflection and transverse shear deformation in adherends', International Journal of Solids and Structures, vol. 45, no. 22-23, pp. 5914-5935.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Luo, Z & Tong, L 2008, 'A level set method for shape and topology optimization of large‐displacement compliant mechanisms', International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering, vol. 76, no. 6, pp. 862-892.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

AbstractA parameterization level set method is presented for structural shape and topology optimization of compliant mechanisms involving large displacements. A level set model is established mathematically as the Hamilton–Jacobi equation to capture the motion of the free boundary of a continuum structure. The structural design boundary is thus described implicitly as the zero level set of a level set scalar function of higher dimension. The radial basis function with compact support is then applied to interpolate the level set function, leading to a relaxation and separation of the temporal and spatial discretizations related to the original partial differential equation. In doing so, the more difficult shape and topology optimization problem is now fully parameterized into a relatively easier size optimization of generalized expansion coefficients. As a result, the optimization is changed into a numerical process of implementing a series of motions of the implicit level set function via an existing efficient convex programming method. With the concept of the shape derivative, the geometrical non‐linearity is included in the rigorous design sensitivity analysis to appropriately capture the large displacements of compliant mechanisms. Several numerical benchmark examples illustrate the effectiveness of the present level set method, in particular, its capability of generating new holes inside the material domain. The proposed method not only retains the favorable features of the implicit free boundary representation but also overcomes several unfavorable numerical considerations relevant to the explicit scheme, the reinitialization procedure, and the velocity extension algorithm in the conventional level set method. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Luo, Z, Tong, L & Wang, MY 2008, 'Design of distributed compliant micromechanisms with an implicit free boundary representation', Structural and Multidisciplinary Optimization, vol. 36, no. 6, pp. 607-621.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

In this paper, a parameterization approach is presented for structural shape and topology optimization of compliant mechanisms using a moving boundary representation. A level set model is developed to implicitly describe the structural boundary by embedd

Luo, Z, Wang, MY, Wang, S & Wei, P 2008, 'A level set‐based parameterization method for structural shape and topology optimization', International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering, vol. 76, no. 1, pp. 1-26.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

AbstractThis paper presents an effective parametric approach by extending the conventional level set method to structural shape and topology optimization using the compactly supported radial basis functions (RBFs) and the optimality criteria (OC) method. The structural design boundary is first represented implicitly by embedding into a higher‐dimensional level set function as its zero level set, and the RBFs of a favorable smoothness are then applied to interpolate the level set function. The original initial value problem is thus converted to a parametric optimization, with the expansion coefficients of the interplant posed as the design variables.The OC method is then applied to advance the structure boundary in terms of the velocity field derived from the parametric optimization. Hence, the structural shape and topology optimization is now transformed into a process of iteratively finding coefficients to update the level set function to achieve an optimal configuration. The numerical considerations of the conventional level set method, including upwind schemes, velocity extension, and reinitialization, are eliminated. The proposed scheme is capable of addressing structural shape fidelity and topology change simultaneously and of keeping the boundary smooth during the optimization process. Furthermore, numerical convergence is expected to be improved. A widely investigated example, in the framework of structural stiffness designs, is applied to demonstrate the efficiency and accuracy of the proposed approach. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Mahlia, TMI 2008, 'η3e Efficiency (energy, economic and environmental) for performance analysis of an engineering system', International Journal of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, vol. 3, no. 1, pp. 105-107.
View description>>

Environmental consciousness has changed the methods of analyzing of an engineering system. For long time an efficiency of an engineering system has been analyzed according to its energy and economic efficiency. This paper attempts to introduce an approach to evaluate the efficiency which call η3e (triple e efficiency). The η3e efficiency is a method of describing efficiency for energy conversion and energy consumption of an engineering system. The η3e is based on energy, economic and environment efficiency of a system. This method encourages a fair treatment for all energy conversion and consumption systems.

Margetts, CDE, Morris, M, Astuti, D, Gentle, DC, Cascon, A, McRonald, FE, Catchpoole, D, Robledo, M, Neumann, HPH, Latif, F & Maher, ER 2008, 'Evaluation of a functional epigenetic approach to identify promoter region methylation in phaeochromocytoma and neuroblastoma', Endocrine Related Cancer, vol. 15, no. 3, pp. 777-786.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

The molecular genetics of inherited phaeochromocytoma have received considerable attention, but the somatic genetic and epigenetic events that characterise tumourigenesis in sporadic phaeochromocytomas are less well defined. Previously, we found considerable overlap between patterns of promoter region tumour suppressor gene (TSG) hypermethylation in two neural crest tumours, neuroblastoma and phaeochromocytoma. In order to identify candidate biomarkers; and epigenetically inactivated TSGs in phaeochromocytoma and neuroblastoma, we characterised changes in gene expression in three neuroblastoma cell lines after treatment with the demethylating agent 5-azacytidine. Promoter region methylation status was then determined for 28 genes that demonstrated increased expression after demethylation. Three genes HSP47, homeobox A9 (HOXA9) and opioid binding protein (OPCML) were methylated in > 10% of phaeochromocytomas (52, 17 and 12% respectively). Two of the genes, epithelial membrane protein 3 (EMP3) and HSP47, demonstrated significantly more frequent methylation in neuroblastoma than phaeochromocytoma. These findings extend epigenotype of phaeochromocytoma and identify candidate genes implicated in sporadic phaeochromocytoma tumourigenesis. © 2008 Society for Endocrinology.

McGloin, D 2008, 'Manipulating Aerosols with Light', Imaging & Microscopy, vol. 10, no. 2, pp. 50-52.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

McGloin, D, Burnham, DR, Summers, MD, Rudd, D, Dewar, N & Anand, S 2008, 'Optical manipulation of airborne particles: techniques and applications', Faraday Discuss., vol. 137, pp. 335-350.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

McGregor, C, Percival, J, Curry, J, Foster, D, Anstey, E, Churchill, D & IEEE 2008, 'A Structured Approach to Requirements Gathering Creation Using PaJMa Models', 2008 30th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, Vols 1-8, pp. 1506-1509.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Merigó, JM & Gil Lafuente, AM 2008, 'THE GENERALIZED ADEQUACY COEFFICIENT AND ITS APPLICATION IN STRATEGIC DECISION MAKING', FUZZY ECONOMIC REVIEW, vol. 13, no. 02, pp. 17-36.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

The adequacy coefficient is a very useful technique that provides a more complete formulation than the Hamming distance in decision making problems. In this paper, we suggest a generalization by using generalized and quasi-arithmetic means. As a result, we will get the generalized ordered weighted averaging adequacy coe fficient (GOWAAC) and the Quasi- OWAAC operator. These new aggregation operators generalize a wide range of particular cases such as the generalized adequacy coefficient (GAC), the weighted generalized adequacy coefficient (WGAC), the ordered weighted averaging adequacy coefficient (OWAAC), the ordered weighted quadratic averaging adequacy coefficient (OWQAAC), and others. We study different families and properties of these aggregation operators. We also analyze the unification point with distance measures and we find that in these situations, the GOWAAC and the Quasi-OWAAC become the Minkowski ordered weighted averaging distance (MOWAD) operator and the Quasi- OWAD operator, respectively. Finally, we also develop an application of the new approach in a strategic decision making problem about selection of strategies.

Min Liu, Zhongcheng Li, Xiaobing Guo & Dutkiewicz, E 2008, 'Performance Analysis and Optimization of Handoff Algorithms in Heterogeneous Wireless Networks', IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing, vol. 7, no. 7, pp. 846-857.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

The convergence of heterogeneous wireless access technologies with diverse levels of performance has been envisioned to characterize the next-generation wireless networks. In heterogeneous wireless networks, handoff can be separated into two parts: horizontal handoff (HHO) and vertical handoff (VHO). VHO plays an important role in fulfilling seamless data transfer when mobile nodes cross wireless access networks with different link layer technologies. Current VHO algorithms mainly focus on when to trigger VHO to improve connection QoS but neglect the problem of how one can synthetically consider all currently available networks (homogeneous or heterogeneous) and choose the optimal network for HHO or VHO from all available candidates. In this paper, we present an analytical framework to evaluate VHO algorithms. This framework can be used to provide guidelines for the optimization of handoff in heterogeneous wireless networks. Subsequently, we extend the traditional hysteresis-based and dwelling-timer-based algorithms to support both VHO and HHO decisions and apply them to complex heterogeneous wireless environments. We refer to these enhanced algorithms as E-HY and E-DW, respectively. Based on the proposed analytical model, we provide a formalization definition of the handoff conditions in E-HY and E-DW and analyze their performance. Subsequently, we propose a novel general handoff decision algorithm GHO to trigger HHO and VHO in heterogeneous wireless networks at the appropriate time. Analysis shows that GHO can achieve better performance than E-HY and E-DW. Simulations validate the analytical results and verify that GHO outperforms traditional algorithms in terms of the matching ratio, TCP throughput, and UDP throughput. © 2006 IEEE.

Miro, JV, Taha, T, Wang, D & Dissanayake, G 2008, 'An adaptive manoeuvring strategy for mobile robots in cluttered dynamic environments', International Journal of Automation and Control, vol. 2, no. 2/3, pp. 178-178.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

A novel method which combines an optimised global path planner with a real-time sensor-based collision avoidance mechanism to accommodate for dynamic changes in the environment (e.g., people) is presented. The basic concept is to generate a continually changing parameterised family of virtual force fields for the robot based on characteristics such as location, travelling speed and dimension of the objects in the vicinity, static and dynamic. The interactions among the repulsive forces associated with the various obstacles provide a natural way for local collision avoidance in a partially known cluttered environment. This is harnessed by locally modifying the planned behaviour of the moving platform in real-time, whilst preserving the optimised nature of the global path. Furthermore, path traversability is continually monitored by the global planner to trigger a complete path re-planning from the current location in case of major changes, most notably when the path is completely blocked by obstacles. Copyright © 2008, Inderscience Publishers.

Mu, K, Jin, Z & Zowghi, D 2008, 'A Priority-Based Negotiations Approach for Handling Inconsistencies in Multi-Perspective Software Requirements', JOURNAL OF SYSTEMS SCIENCE & COMPLEXITY, vol. 21, no. 4, pp. 574-596.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

Inconsistency of multi-perspective requirements specifications is a pervasive issue during the requirements process. However, managing inconsistency is not just a pure technical problem. It is always associated with a process of interactions and competit

Mudhasani, R, Zhu, Z, Hutvagner, G, Eischen, CM, Lyle, S, Hall, LL, Lawrence, JB, Imbalzano, AN & Jones, SN 2008, 'Loss of miRNA biogenesis induces p19Arf-p53 signaling and senescence in primary cells', The Journal of Cell Biology, vol. 181, no. 7, pp. 1055-1063.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

Dicer, an enzyme involved in microRNA (miRNA) maturation, is required for proper cell differentiation and embryogenesis in mammals. Recent evidence indicates that Dicer and miRNA may also regulate tumorigenesis. To better characterize the role of miRNA in primary cell growth, we generated Dicer-conditional mice. Ablation of Dicer and loss of mature miRNAs in embryonic fibroblasts up-regulated p19Arf and p53 levels, inhibited cell proliferation, and induced a premature senescence phenotype that was also observed in vivo after Dicer ablation in the developing limb and in adult skin. Furthermore, deletion of the Ink4a/Arf or p53 locus could rescue fibroblasts from premature senescence induced by Dicer ablation. Although levels of Ras and Myc oncoproteins appeared unaltered, loss of Dicer resulted in increased DNA damage and p53 activity in these cells. These results reveal that loss of miRNA biogenesis activates a DNA damage checkpoint, up-regulates p19Arf-p53 signaling, and induces senescence in primary cells.

Musiał, K, Juszczyszyn, K & Kazienko, P 2008, 'Ontology-based recommendation in multimedia sharing systems', Systems Science, vol. 34, no. 1, pp. 97-106.
View description>>

In this paper, a new framework for recommendation of multimedia objects in the environment of the multimedia sharing system has been proposed. It uses two kinds of individual ontologies, one is created for multimedia objects and the second one for system users. The final recommendation process takes into account similarities calculated both between objects' and users' ontologies. These individual ontologies respect all the social and semantic features existing in the system. The entire recommender framework was developed for the use in Flickr, a typical photo sharing system.

Nasimuddin, Chen, ZN & Esselle, KP 2008, 'Wideband circularly polarized microstrip antenna array using a new single feed network', Microwave and Optical Technology Letters, vol. 50, no. 7, pp. 1784-1789.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

AbstractA new single feed system is presented for broadband and high gain circularly polarized stacked microstrip (CPSM) array applications. It consists of a combination of a microstrip line and a via. The gap between elements and location of the feed are optimized to achieve a good circular polarization (CP) performance with high gain. A 2 × 2 sequentially rotated array was fabricated and tested. The measured 3 dB axial‐ratio (AR) bandwidth is 27% (3.5–4.6 GHz) and at boresight gain is 9.0 dBic over the 3 dB AR bandwidth. The measured 10 dB return loss impedance bandwidth is around 51% (3.28–5.54 GHz). The proposed new feeding network system is very useful to design the high gain and wideband CP array in a space‐limited environment. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 50: 1784–1789, 2008; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.23481

Nasimuddin, Esselle, KP & Verma, AK 2008, 'Wideband High-Gain Circularly Polarized Stacked Microstrip Antennas With an Optimized C-Type Feed and a Short Horn', IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, vol. 56, no. 2, pp. 578-581.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Nataatmadja, I & Dyson, LE 2008, 'The Role of Podcasts in Students' Learning', International Journal of Interactive Mobile Technologies, vol. 2, no. 3, pp. 17-21.
View description>>

Podcasts have been employed extensively in some countries and are now being trialed at a number of universities in Australia. They allow ubiquitous learning whereby students can access a variety of educational material anywhere, anytime on iPods, MP3 players or even desktop computers. There remain many questions about the impact of podcasts on students learning. One issue is how podcasts can be used to support high quality, experiential learning rather than merely perpetuating the old transmission model of education. In this paper, we explore the reasons why students either use, or fail to use, podcasts provided for their education. We report on the motivation of students enrolled in a large first-year information systems subject. These varied considerably and show that podcasts are a useful adjunct for providing for the diverse range of learning styles of our students. However, we also conclude that further research is needed into the use of podcasts to promote deeper learning in our students and how podcasts can act as a support tool for other forms of m-learning.

Nazem, M, Sheng, D, Carter, JP & Sloan, SW 2008, 'Arbitrary Lagrangian–Eulerian method for large‐strain consolidation problems', International Journal for Numerical and Analytical Methods in Geomechanics, vol. 32, no. 9, pp. 1023-1050.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

AbstractIn this paper, an arbitrary Lagrangian–Eulerian (ALE) method is generalized to solve consolidation problems involving large deformation. Special issues such as pore‐water pressure convection, permeability and void ratio updates due to rotation and convection, mesh refinement and equilibrium checks are discussed. A simple and effective mesh refinement scheme is presented for the ALE method. The ALE method as well as an updated‐Lagrangian method is then used to solve some classical consolidation problems involving large deformations with different constitutive laws. The results clearly show the advantage and efficiency of the ALE method for these examples. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Nga, JHC, Iu, HHC, Ling, SH & Lam, HK 2008, 'Comparative study of stability in different TCP/RED models', CHAOS SOLITONS & FRACTALS, vol. 37, no. 4, pp. 977-987.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Nghiem, LD & Coleman, PJ 2008, 'NF/RO filtration of the hydrophobic ionogenic compound triclosan: Transport mechanisms and the influence of membrane fouling', Separation and Purification Technology, vol. 62, no. 3, pp. 709-716.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Nghiem, LD, Espendiller, C & Braun, G 2008, 'Influence of organic and colloidal fouling on the removal of sulphamethoxazole by nanofiltration membranes', Water Science and Technology, vol. 58, no. 1, pp. 163-169.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

This study investigated the effects of organic and colloidal fouling on the removal of a representative micropollutant sulphamethoxazole by two commercially available NF membranes. Alginate, bovine serum albumin and colloidal silica were selected as model foulants to simulate hydrophilic and hydrophobic organic fractions, and colloidal matter that are often found in treated effluent and surface water. Membrane fouling was related to the membrane and foulant characteristics and subsequently the separation behaviour of the micropollutant sulphamethoxazole under different solution pH. On the basis of these results, it was confirmed that membrane fouling is strongly dependent on both the foulant and membrane characteristics. The complex relationship among retention mechanisms, fouling mechanisms and the effects of fouling on retention was systematically delineated. Of the three model foulants selected for this study, colloidal fouling resulted in the most significant reduction in retention of sulphamethoxazole as well as inorganic salts, while flux decline as a result of colloidal fouling was quite moderate. Reduction in retention caused by fouling was attributed to a phenomenon known as cake-enhance concentration polarisation, which was a predominant mechanism of colloidal fouling. In addition, the reported results suggested that the effect of fouling on retention is also membrane pore size dependent.

Nghiem, LD, Vogel, D & Khan, S 2008, 'Characterising humic acid fouling of nanofiltration membranes using bisphenol A as a molecular indicator', Water Research, vol. 42, no. 15, pp. 4049-4058.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Ngo, D, Tuan, H & Nguyen, H 2008, 'Jointly Optimal Signature Sequences and Power Allocation for CDMA Systems', IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications, vol. 7, no. 11, pp. 4122-4127.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

The problems of designing signature sequences and power allocation policy for code-division multiple access (CDMA) are important and have been the subject of intensive research in recent years. Taking the maximization of the system information-theoretic

Ngo, H-H, Guo, W & Xing, W 2008, 'Evaluation of a novel sponge-submerged membrane bioreactor (SSMBR) for sustainable water reclamation', BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY, vol. 99, no. 7, pp. 2429-2435.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

A novel sponge-submerged membrane bioreactor (SSMBR) to treat a high strength wastewater for water reclamation was developed in this study. The performance of this system was evaluated using two kinds of polyester-urethane sponges (coarse sponge with hig

Nguyen, AD, Ngo, VT, Ha, QP & Dissanayake, G 2008, 'Robotic formation: initialisation, trajectory planning and decentralised control', International Journal of Automation and Control, vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 22-22.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

Coordination of a group of mobile robots in desired formations requires an integration of motion planning and control strategies subject to communication bandwidth limitations. An architecture combining virtual structure and leader following techniques is proposed in this paper. The robots are initialised using a new Virtual Robot (VR) tracking and l-l control framework to establish an arbitrary formation without singularities involved and inter-robot collision. Path planning is performed using the modified A* search, coupled with a proposed smoothing technique to generate feasible trajectories with mobile robots, dynamic and kinematic constraints taken into account. Safe trajectories are obtained based on the predefined formation configuration and the given workspace, where obstacles are avoided by adjusting robot trajectories or by changing formation of the robots appropriately. To accommodate the restriction in information exchange, a decentralised approach is proposed to implement the global feedback controller for the formation by using linear functional observers. The proposed architecture is tested through simulation and experiments to verify its validity. Copyright © 2008, Inderscience Publishers.

Nguyen, DHN, Nguyen, HH & Hoang, TD 2008, 'High-Rate Space-Time Block Coding Schemes', IEICE TRANSACTIONS ON FUNDAMENTALS OF ELECTRONICS COMMUNICATIONS AND COMPUTER SCIENCES, vol. E91A, no. 11, pp. 3393-3397.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Nguyen, HB 2008, 'Dear SIRS, can MEDS help you predict patient outcome now, really?*', Critical Care Medicine, vol. 36, no. 2, pp. 625-626.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Nguyen, HB, Banta, JE, Cho, TW, Van Ginkel, C, Burroughs, K, Wittlake, WA & Corbett, SW 2008, 'MORTALITY PREDICTIONS USING CURRENT PHYSIOLOGIC SCORING SYSTEMS IN PATIENTS MEETING CRITERIA FOR EARLY GOAL-DIRECTED THERAPY AND THE SEVERE SEPSIS RESUSCITATION BUNDLE', Shock, vol. 30, no. 1, pp. 23-28.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

Physiologic scoring systems are often used to prognosticate mortality in critically ill patients. This study examined the performance of Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE) II, Simplified Acute Physiology Score (SAPS) II, Mortality in Emergency Department Sepsis (MEDS), and Mortality Probability Models (MPM) II 0 in predicting in-hospital mortality of patients in the emergency department meeting criteria for early goal-directed therapy and the severe sepsis resuscitation bundle. The discrimination and calibration characteristics of APACHE II, SAPS II, MEDS, and MPM II 0 were evaluated. Data are presented as median and quartiles (25th, 75th). Two-hundred forty-six patients aged 68 (52, 81) years were analyzed from a prospectively maintained sepsis registry, with 76.0% of patients in septic shock, 45.5% blood culture positive, and 35.0% in-hospital mortality. Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II, SAPS II, and MEDS scores were 29 (21, 37), 54 (40, 70), and 13 (11, 16), with predicted mortalities of 64% (40%, 85%), 58% (25%, 84%), and 16% (9%, 39%), respectively. Mortality Probability Models II 0 showed a predicted mortality of 60% (27%, 80%). The area under the receiver operating characteristic curves was 0.73 for APACHE II, 0.71 for SAPS II, 0.60 for MEDS, and 0.72 for MPM II 0. The standardized mortality ratios were 0.59, 0.63, 1.68, and 0.64, respectively. Thus, APACHE II, SAPS II, MEDS, and MPM II 0 have variable abilities to discriminate early and estimate in-hospital mortality of patients presenting to the emergency department requiring the severe sepsis resuscitation bundle. Adoption of these prognostication tools in this setting may influence therapy and resource use for these patients. Copyright © 2008 by the Shock Society.

Nguyen, HT 2008, 'Intelligent technologies for real-time biomedical engineering applications', International Journal of Automation and Control, vol. 2, no. 2/3, pp. 274-274.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

Intelligent technologies are essential for many biomedical engineering applications in order to cope with a wide variety of patient conditions or user disability. The development of advanced optimisation training algorithms such as adaptive optimal Bayesian neural networks is particularly useful when only limited training data are available. Two specific biomedical engineering applications will be presented. The first application concerns the development of a non-invasive monitor for real-time detection of hypoglycaemic episodes in Type 1 diabetes mellitus patients (T1DM). The second application relates to the development of real-time hands-free wheelchair control systems using head movement to provide mobility independence for severely disabled people.

Nguyen, ND, Frost, SA, Center, JR, Eisman, JA & Nguyen, TV 2008, 'Development of prognostic nomograms for individualizing 5-year and 10-year fracture risks', Osteoporosis International, vol. 19, no. 10, pp. 1431-1444.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

Summary: We have developed clinical nomograms for predicting 5-year and 10-year fracture risks for any elderly man or woman. The nomograms used age and information concerning fracture history, fall history, and BMD T-score or body weight. Introduction: Although many fracture risk factors have been identified, the translation of these risk factors into a prognostic model that can be used in primary care setting has not been well realized. The present study sought to develop a nomogram that incorporates non-invasive risk factors to predict 5-year and 10-year absolute fracture risks for an individual man and woman. Methods: The Dubbo Osteoporosis Epidemiology Study was designed as a community-based prospective study, with 1358 women and 858 men aged 60+ years as at 1989. Baseline measurements included femoral neck bone mineral density (FNBMD), prior fracture, a history of falls and body weight. Between 1989 and 2004, 426 women and 149 men had sustained a low-trauma fracture (not including morphometric vertebral fractures). Two prognostic models based on the Cox's proportional hazards analysis were considered: model I included age, BMD, prior fracture and falls; and model II included age, weight, prior fracture and fall. Results: Analysis of the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) suggested that model I (AUC=0.75 for both sexes) performed better than model II (AUC=0.72 for women and 0.74 for men). Using the models' estimates, we constructred various nomograms for individualizing the risk of fracture for men and women. If the 5-year risk of 10% or greater is considered 'high risk', then virtually all 80-year-old men with BMD T-scores <-1.0 or 80-year-old women with T-scores <-2.0 were predicted to be in the high risk group. A 60-year-old woman's risk was considered high risk only if her BMD T-scores ≤-2.5 and with a prior fracture; however, no 60-year-old men would be in the high risk regardless of their BMD and risk profile. Conclus...

NGUYEN, TV 2008, 'Mapping translational research into individualized prognosis of fracture risk', International Journal of Rheumatic Diseases, vol. 11, no. 4, pp. 347-358.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

AbstractThe assessment of fracture risk has until now been based on the measurement of bone mineral density (BMD) and/or a prior fracture. Individuals with BMD T‐scores < –2.5 (e.g. osteoporosis) or with prior fractures are indicated for treatment. However, recent data have suggested that 55% of women and 74% of men who sustained a fracture did not have osteoporosis. Therefore, the current strategy reduces a small number of fractures in the general population, and new thinking is required for that majority of individuals whose BMD measurements are at or near (both sides) the current threshold of osteoporosis. An individual's absolute risk of fracture can be estimated from the individual risk profile, which includes age, BMD, weight or body mass index, prior fracture, comorbidities, corticosteroid use, lifestyle factors, and falls. Therefore, risk assessment must simultaneously consider all risk factors to which the individual is exposed. A number of prognostic models and predictive nomograms have been developed to estimate an individual's absolute risk of fracture, but they have not been externally validated. Nevertheless, these prognostic models can be effective tools for individualizing short‐term and long‐term risks of fracture, which can help patient counseling and selecting appropriate patients for intervention to maximize the benefit of fracture reduction in the general population.

Nguyen, TV, Center, JR & Eisman, JA 2008, 'Pharmacogenetics of osteoporosis and the prospect of individualized prognosis and individualized therapy', Current Opinion in Endocrinology, Diabetes & Obesity, vol. 15, no. 6, pp. 481-488.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

Purpose of review Description of recent progress in genetics and pharmacogenetics of osteoporosis. Recent findings Osteoporosis and its consequence of fragility fracture are characterized by highly complex phenotypes, which include bone mineral density,

Nguyen, TV, Nelson, AE, Howe, CJ, Seibel, MJ, Baxter, RC, Handelsman, DJ, Kazlauskas, R & Ho, KK 2008, 'Within-Subject Variability and Analytic Imprecision of Insulinlike Growth Factor Axis and Collagen Markers: Implications for Clinical Diagnosis and Doping Tests', Clinical Chemistry, vol. 54, no. 8, pp. 1268-1276.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

AbstractBackground: The utility of insulinlike growth factor (IGF) axis and collagen markers for a growth hormone (GH) doping test in sport depends on their stability and reproducibility. We sought to determine short-term within-subject variability of these markers in a large cohort of healthy individuals.Methods: We measured IGF-I, IGF binding protein 3 (IGFBP-3), acid labile subunit (ALS), and the collagen markers N-terminal propeptide of type I procollagen (PINP), C-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen (ICTP), and N-terminal propeptide of type III procollagen (PIIINP) in serum samples obtained on multiple occasions (median 3 per participant) over a 2- to 3-week period from 1103 elite athletes (699 men, 404 women) ages 22.2 (5.2) years [mean (SD)]. We estimated between-subject and within-subject variances by mixed–effects ANOVA.Results: Within-subject variance accounted for 32% to 36% and 4% to 13% of the total variance in IGF markers and collagen markers, respectively. The within-subject CV ranged from 11% to 21% for the IGF axis markers and from 13% to 15% for the collagen markers. The index of individuality for the IGF axis markers was 0.66–0.76, and for the collagen markers, 0.26–0.45. For each marker, individuals with initial extreme measured values tended to regress toward the population mean in subsequent repeated measurements. We developed a Bayesian model to estimate the long-term probable value for each marker.Conclusions: These results indicate that in healthy individuals the within-subject variability was greater for IGF-I than for the collagen markers, and that where a single measurement is available, it is possible to estimate the long-term probable value of each of the markers by applying the Bayesian approach. Such an application can increase the reliability and decrease the cost of detecting GH doping.

Nguyen, TV, Vigneswaran, S, Ngo, HH, Kandasamy, J & Choi, HC 2008, 'Arsenic removal by photo-catalysis hybrid system', SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY, vol. 61, no. 1, pp. 44-50.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

Arsenic is a toxic semi-metallic element that can be fatal to human health. Arsenic pollution in water is found in many parts of the world, especially in developing countries such as Bangladesh, India, Nepal, and Vietnam. Photo-oxidation experiments with titanium dioxide (TiO2) as photo-catalyst showed that photo-oxidation of As(III) to As(V) is possible within minutes. Further, TiO2 can also adsorb both As(III) and As(V) on its surface. Photo-catalysis reaction with TiO2 reduced about 98% of arsenite from water containing 500 μg/L of arsenite. By adding nano-scale zero valent iron (nZVI) of 0.05 g/L in the photo-reactor, arsenic removal can be significantly enhanced. Further the TiO2 requirement is five times less in this photo-catalysis nZVI hybrid system. The photo-catalytic degradation processes was modeled using the first-order, second-order and Langmuir-Hinshelwood kinetics equations and removal rates were simulated. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Ni Jiarui, Cao Longbing & Zhang Chengqi 2008, 'Evolutionary Optimization of Trading Strategies', Frontiers in Artificial Intelligence and Applications, vol. 177, no. 1, pp. 11-24.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

It is a non-trivial task to effectively and efficiently optimize trading strategies, not to mention the optimization in real-world situations. This paper presents a general definition of this optimization problem, and discusses the application of evolutionary technologies (genetic algorithm in particular) to the optimization of trading strategies. Experimental results show that this approach is promising.

Ni, B & Yu, H 2008, 'Growth and storage processes in aerobic granules grown on soybean wastewater', Biotechnology and Bioengineering, vol. 100, no. 4, pp. 664-672.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

AbstractAerobic granules in a sequencing batch reactor (SBR) are subjected to alternative feast and famine conditions, and are able to take up carbon substrate in wastewater rapidly and to store it as intracellular storage products when the substrate is in excess. This phenomenon could not be described by the widely used activated sludge model No.3 (ASM3). In this work, taking adsorption process, microbial maintenance, and substrate diffusion into account, the simultaneous growth and storage processes occurring in an aerobic‐granule‐based SBR are investigated with experimental and modeling approaches. A new model is established and successfully validated with the experimental results of an SBR fed with soybean‐processing wastewater. Simulation results show that our approach is appropriate for elucidating the fates of major model components. Comparison between ASM3 and the model established in this work demonstrates that the latter is better to describe the substrate removal mechanisms and simultaneous growth and storage processes in aerobic granules. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2008;100: 664–672. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Ni, B & Yu, H 2008, 'Storage and growth of denitrifiers in aerobic granules: Part I. model development', Biotechnology and Bioengineering, vol. 99, no. 2, pp. 314-323.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

AbstractA mathematical model, based on the Activated Sludge Model No.3 (ASM3), is developed to describe the storage and growth activities of denitrifiers in aerobic granules under anoxic conditions. In this model, mass transfer, hydrolysis, simultaneous anoxic storage and growth, anoxic maintenance, and endogenous decay are all taken into account. The model established is implemented in the well‐established AQUASIM simulation software. A combination of completely mixed reactor and biofilm reactor compartments provided by AQUASIM is used to simulate the mass transport and conversion processes occurring in both bulk liquid and granules. The modeling results explicitly show that the external substrate is immediately utilized for storage and growth at feast phase. More external substrates are diverted to storage process than the primary biomass production process. The model simulation indicates that the nitrate utilization rate (NUR) of granules‐based denitrification process includes four linear phases of nitrate reduction. Furthermore, the methodology for determining the most important parameter in this model, that is, anoxic reduction factor, is established. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2008;99: 314–323. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Ni, B, Yu, H & Xie, W 2008, 'Storage and growth of denitrifiers in aerobic granules: Part II. model calibration and verification', Biotechnology and Bioengineering, vol. 99, no. 2, pp. 324-332.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

AbstractA mathematical model to describe the simultaneous storage and growth activities of denitrifiers in aerobic granules under anoxic conditions has been developed in an accompanying article. The sensitivity of the nitrate uptake rate (NUR) toward the stoichiometric and kinetic coefficients is analyzed in this article. The model parameter values are estimated by minimizing the sum of squares of the deviations between the measured and model‐predicted values. The model is successfully calibrated and a set of stoichiometric and kinetic parameters for the anoxic storage and growth of the denitrifiers are obtained. Thereafter, the model established is verified with three set of experimental data. The comparison between the model established with the ASM1 model and ASM3 shows that the present model is appropriate to simulate and predict the performance of a granule‐based denitrification system. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2008;99: 324–332. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Ni, B-J & Yu, H-Q 2008, 'An approach for modeling two-step denitrification in activated sludge systems', Chemical Engineering Science, vol. 63, no. 6, pp. 1449-1459.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Ni, B-J & Yu, H-Q 2008, 'Characterization of the granules in an ANAMMOX reactor after accelerated startup', Journal of Biotechnology, vol. 136, pp. S651-S651.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Ni, B-J & Yu, H-Q 2008, 'Kinetic modeling microbial storage process in activated sludge under anoxic conditions', Chemical Engineering Science, vol. 63, no. 10, pp. 2785-2792.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Ni, B-J & Yu, H-Q 2008, 'Simulation of heterotrophic storage and growth processes in activated sludge under aerobic conditions', Chemical Engineering Journal, vol. 140, no. 1-3, pp. 101-109.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Ni, B-J, Fang, F, Xie, W-M & Yu, H-Q 2008, 'Growth, maintenance and product formation of autotrophs in activated sludge: Taking the nitrite-oxidizing bacteria as an example', Water Research, vol. 42, no. 16, pp. 4261-4270.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Ni, B-J, Yu, H-Q & Sun, Y-J 2008, 'Modeling simultaneous autotrophic and heterotrophic growth in aerobic granules', Water Research, vol. 42, no. 6-7, pp. 1583-1594.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Ni, J, Luo, D, Ou, Y & Luo, C 2008, 'Agent-based evolutionary optimisation of trading strategies', International Journal of Intelligent Information and Database Systems, vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 25-25.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

The backtesting and optimisation of trading strategies has emerged as an interesting research and experimental problem in both finance and Information Technology (IT) fields. However, it is a non-trivial task to effectively and efficiently optimise trading strategies, not to mention the optimisation in the real-world situations. This paper discusses the application of evolutionary technologies (genetic algorithm in particular) to the optimisation of trading strategies. Experimental results show that this approach is promising. Due to the complexity involved in the optimisation process, we further present an agent-based system that can help users easily specify and execute optimisation jobs to their advantages. Copyright © 2008, Inderscience Publishers.

Niebecker, K, Eager, D & Kubitza, K 2008, 'Improving cross‐company project management performance with a collaborative project scorecard', International Journal of Managing Projects in Business, vol. 1, no. 3, pp. 368-386.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to identify the current problems and difficulties in automotive project management and explore solutions to improve its efficiency and effectiveness. To meet the industry demands for new project management methods, a strategy‐based scorecard concept was developed to monitor and control collaborative projects, to measure their performance, and to manage risks. The method aims to improve the project management performance of cross‐company projects.Design/methodology/approachThe development of collaborative strategy maps and integrated measures for project control based on key performance indicators (KPIs) is an essential step for successful project management with a collaborative project scorecard. The concept was developed and evaluated on the basis of two workshops organised by the German Project Management Association (GPM e.V.) and interviews with project managers of automotive projects (manufacturers and suppliers).FindingsThe application of a balanced scorecard to cross‐company projects in the automotive industry can be facilitated by an impact matrix to develop strategy maps. Examples of collaborative strategy maps, project objectives, and KPIs to manage automotive projects are given and advantages, disadvantages, and limitations discussed. The paper discusses the possibilities of improving project management efficiency and effectiveness, as well as increasing project transparency with a CPS.Originality/valueThis paper fulfils the need to align collaborative project objectives with cross‐company business strategies in the automotive industry. The application o...

Nimbalkar, S & Choudhury, D 2008, 'Seismic design of retaining wall by considering wall-soil inertia for active case', International Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, vol. 2, no. 4, pp. 319-328.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

Effect of both the wall and soil inertia must be considered for the design of retaining wall under seismic conditions. In this paper, by considering pseudo-dynamic seismic forces acting on the soil wedge and the wall, the required weight of the wall under seismic conditions is determined for the design purpose of the retaining wall under active earth pressure condition. The method proposed considers the movement of both shear and primary waves through the backfill and the retaining wall due to seismic excitation. A rigid vertical retaining wall supporting cohesionless backfill with horizontal ground has been considered in the present analysis by considering planar rupture surface. Results in graphical form show the variations of proposed design factors viz. soil thrust factor (F ), wall inertia factor (F ) and combined dynamic factor (F ) with respect to horizontal seismic acceleration coefficient (k ), required for the design of the wall under seismic conditions. Also the effects of variation of parameters like soil friction angle, wall friction angle, vertical seismic acceleration, period of lateral shaking and amplification factor on combined dynamic factor have been studied. A comparative study between the present theory and available pseudo-static results has shown the merits of the present analysis. T I w h

NIMBALKAR, SS & CHOUDHURY, D 2008, 'EFFECTS OF BODY WAVES AND SOIL AMPLIFICATION ON SEISMIC EARTH PRESSURES', Journal of Earthquake and Tsunami, vol. 02, no. 01, pp. 33-52.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

To design a retaining wall, conventional Mononobe–Okabe method, which is based on the pseudo-static approach and gives the linear distribution of seismic earth pressures in an approximate way, is used to compute the seismic earth pressures. In this paper, pseudo-dynamic approach is used to compute the seismic earth pressures on a rigid retaining wall by considering the effects of time, phase difference in shear and primary waves and soil amplification along with the horizontal and vertical seismic accelerations and other soil properties. Design value of the seismic active earth pressure coefficient is found to increase with increase in the seismic accelerations, phase difference in body waves and soil amplification, whereas the reverse trend is observed for the passive case. Influence of various soil parameters on seismic passive earth pressure is more significant than that for the active case under harmonic seismic loading. Results are provided in the combined tabular and graphical non-dimensional form for both the seismic active and passive earth pressures. Present results are compared with the available results in literature to validate the proposed non-linearity of seismic earth pressure distribution.

Novak, A, Taylor, P & Veitch, D 2008, 'Corrigendum to “The distribution of the number of arrivals in a subinterval of a busy period of a single server queue”', Queueing Systems, vol. 59, pp. 87-93.

Novak, A, Taylor, P & Veitch, D 2008, 'Corrigendum to “The distribution of the number of arrivals in a subinterval of a busy period of a single server queue”', Queueing Systems, vol. 59, no. 2, pp. 87-93.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

O’Reilly, L, Bennett, NS, McNally, PJ, Sealy, BJ, Cowern, NEB, Lankinen, A & Tuomi, TO 2008, 'Raman scattering studies of ultrashallow Sb implants in strained Si', Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics, vol. 19, no. 4, pp. 305-309.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

O’Reilly, L, Horan, K, McNally, PJ, Bennett, NS, Cowern, NEB, Lankinen, A, Sealy, BJ, Gwilliam, RM, Noakes, TCQ & Bailey, P 2008, 'Constraints on micro-Raman strain metrology for highly doped strained Si materials', Applied Physics Letters, vol. 92, no. 23, pp. 233506-233506.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

Ultraviolet (UV), low penetration depth, micro-Raman spectroscopy, and high-resolution x-ray diffraction (HRXRD) are utilized as complementary, independent stress characterization tools for a range of strained Si samples doped by low energy (2keV) Sb ion implantation. Following dopant implantation, good agreement is found between the magnitudes of strain measured by the two techniques. However, following dopant activation by annealing, strain relaxation is detected by HRXRD but not by micro-Raman. This discrepancy mainly arises from an anomalous redshift in the Si Raman peak position originating from the high levels of doping achieved in the samples. This has serious implications for the use of micro-Raman spectroscopy for strain characterization of highly doped strained Si complementary metal-oxide semiconductor devices and structures therein. We find a direct correlation between the Si Raman shift and peak carrier concentration measured by the differential Hall technique, which indicates that UV micro-Raman may become a useful tool for nondestructive dopant characterization for ultrashallow junctions in these Si-based materials.

Oehlers, DJ, Haskett, M, Wu, C & Seracino, R 2008, 'Embedding NSM FRP Plates for Improved IC Debonding Resistance', Journal of Composites for Construction, vol. 12, no. 6, pp. 635-642.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Onishi, A, Thomas, PS, Stuart, BH, Guerbois, JP & Forbes, SL 2008, 'TG-MS analysis of the thermal decomposition of pig bone for forensic applications', JOURNAL OF THERMAL ANALYSIS AND CALORIMETRY, vol. 92, no. 1, pp. 87-90.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

In order to investigate the potential of thermal analysis for the determination of post-mortem age, rib bone specimens were collected from the remains of a number of slaughtered pigs that were allowed to decompose in the Australian bush in a controlled site under a range of conditions for time periods ranging from 1 to 5 years. The bone specimens were cut in cross-section with the compact bone collected for analysis. TG-MS curves were collected by heating bone samples to 1100°C in an argon atmosphere. The TG-MS data showed significant differences for the pig bone specimens derived from the different environments and showed trends in peak size correlating with age. The reported data suggest that TG-MS has significant potential for the identification of origin as well as the ageing of skeletal remains in a forensic context.

Paisitkriangkrai, S, Chunhua Shen & Jian Zhang 2008, 'Fast Pedestrian Detection Using a Cascade of Boosted Covariance Features', IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology, vol. 18, no. 8, pp. 1140-1151.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

Efficiently and accurately detecting pedestrians plays a very important role in many computer vision applications such as video surveillance and smart cars. In order to find the right feature for this task, we first present a comprehensive experimental s

Paisitkriangkrai, S, Shen, C & Zhang, J 2008, 'Performance evaluation of local features in human classification and detection', IET Computer Vision, vol. 2, no. 4, pp. 236-246.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

Detecting pedestrians accurately is the first fundamental step for many computer vision applications such as video surveillance, smart vehicles, intersection traffic analysis and so on. The authors present an experimental study on pedestrian detection us

Pal, NR, Chuang, C-Y, Ko, L-W, Chao, C-F, Jung, T-P, Liang, S-F & Lin, C-T 2008, 'EEG-Based Subject- and Session-independent Drowsiness Detection: An Unsupervised Approach', EURASIP Journal on Advances in Signal Processing, vol. 2008, no. 1.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Pedroso, DM, Sheng, D & Sloan, SW 2008, 'Stress update algorithm for elastoplastic models with nonconvex yield surfaces', International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering, vol. 76, no. 13, pp. 2029-2062.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

AbstractA stress update algorithm for elastoplastic models with nonconvex yield surfaces is presented. An explicit algorithm based on the Runge–Kutta embedded method of second‐order accuracy is developed. The crossing of the yield surface is properly taken into account by means of a robust intersection‐finding algorithm. This algorithm is based on a simple multiple‐root‐finding technique, which requires the yield function, evaluated along a given secant stress path, to be continuously differentiable to the second order. The accuracy of the intersection‐finding algorithm is illustrated through examples using simple yield functions similar to the ones adopted in models for unsaturated soils and the modified Cam clay model yield surface with a nonconvex Argyris et al. failure criterion. Isoerror surfaces and finite element simulations are used to investigate the accuracy and efficiency of the stress update algorithm. It is observed that although the algorithm for nonconvex surfaces is slower than its equivalent for convex surfaces, the accuracy can be controlled locally by means of specified tolerances. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Petzelt, D, Wischniewski, S, Deuse, J & Helsper, T 2008, 'The digital steel mill: Application of methods of the digital plant for potential analysis', Stahl Und Eisen, vol. 128, no. 4, pp. 101-104.

Petzelt, D, Wischniewski, S, Deuse, J & Helsper, T 2008, 'Use of methods of the digital factory for potential analysis', STAHL UND EISEN, vol. 128, no. 4, pp. 101-104.

Pham, TD, Honghui Wang, Xiaobo Zhou, Dominik Beck, Brandl, M, Hoehn, G, Azok, J, Brennan, M-L, Hazen, SL, Li, K & Wong, STC 2008, 'Computational Prediction Models for Early Detection of Risk of Cardiovascular Events Using Mass Spectrometry Data', IEEE Transactions on Information Technology in Biomedicine, vol. 12, no. 5, pp. 636-643.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

Early prediction of the risk of cardiovascular events in patients with chest pain is critical in order to provide appropriate medical care for those with positive diagnosis. This paper introduces a computational methodology for predicting such events in the context of robust computerized classification using mass spectrometry data of blood samples collected from patients in emergency departments. We applied the computational theories of statistical and geostatistical linear prediction models to extract effective features of the mass spectra and a simple decision logic to classify disease and control samples for the purpose of early detection. While the statistical and geostatistical techniques provide better results than those obtained from some other methods, the geostatistical approach yields superior results in terms of sensitivity and specificity in various designs of the data set for validation, training, and testing. The proposed computational strategies are very promising for predicting major adverse cardiac events within six months. © 2008 IEEE.

Phat, VN & Ha, QP 2008, 'New characterization of controllability via stabilizability and Riccati equation for LTV systems', IMA JOURNAL OF MATHEMATICAL CONTROL AND INFORMATION, vol. 25, no. 4, pp. 419-429.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

This paper presents a new characterization of controllability via stabilizability and Riccati equation for linear time-varying systems. An equivalence is given between the global null controllability, complete stabilizability and the existence of the sol

Pradhan, B 2008, 'Lee S (2008a) Utilization of optical remote sensing data and GIS tools for regional landslide hazard analysis by using an artificial neural network model at Selangor', Malaysia Earth Sci Front, vol. 14, no. 6, pp. 143-152.

Pradhan, B, Lee, S, Mansor, S, Buchroithner, MF, Jallaluddin, N & Khujaimah, Z 2008, 'Utilization of optical remote sensing data and geographic information system tools for regional landslide hazard analysis by using binomial logistic regression model', J Appl Remote Sens, vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 1-11.

Qin, L, Yu, JX, Ding, B & Ishikawa, Y 2008, 'Monitoring Aggregate k-NN Objects in Road Networks.', SSDBM, vol. 5069, no. 1, pp. 168-186.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

In recent years, there is an increasing need to monitor k nearest neighbor (k-NN) in a road network. There are existing solutions on either monitoring k-NN objects from a single query point over a road network, or computing the snapshot k-NN objects over a road network to minimize an aggregate distance function with respect to multiple query points. In this paper, we study a new problem that is to monitor k-NN objects over a road network from multiple query points to minimize an aggregate distance function with respect to the multiple query points. We call it a continuous aggregate k-NN (CANN) query. We propose a new approach that can significantly reduce the cost of computing network distances when monitoring aggregate k-NN objects on road networks. We conducted extensive experimental studies and confirmed the efficiency of our algorithms. © 2008 Springer-Verlag.

Qin, P-Y, Liang, C-H, Wu, B & Su, T 2008, 'Novel Dual-Mode Bandpass Filter with Transmission Zeros using Substrate Integrated Waveguide Cavity', Journal of Electromagnetic Waves and Applications, vol. 22, no. 5-6, pp. 723-730.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Quick, GW & Sirivivatnanon, V 2008, 'Predicting iron staining of siderite-bearing microsyenites intended for dimension stone use', CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS, vol. 22, no. 3, pp. 257-263.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Qumer, A & Henderson-Sellers, B 2008, 'A framework to support the evaluation, adoption and improvement of agile methods in practice', JOURNAL OF SYSTEMS AND SOFTWARE, vol. 81, no. 11, pp. 1899-1919.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

Agile methods are often seen as providing ways to avoid overheads typically perceived as being imposed by traditional software development environments. However, few organizations are psychologically or technically able to take on an agile approach rapidly and effectively. Here, we describe a number of approaches to assist in such a transition. The Agile Software Solution Framework (ASSF) provides an overall context for the exploration of agile methods, knowledge and governance and contains an Agile Toolkit for quantifying part of the agile process. These link to the business aspects of software development so that the business value and agile process are well aligned. Finally, we describe how these theories are applied in practice with two industry case studies using the Agile Adoption and Improvement Model (AAIM). © 2008 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Qumer, A & Henderson-Sellers, B 2008, 'An evaluation of the degree of agility in six agile methods and its applicability for method engineering', INFORMATION AND SOFTWARE TECHNOLOGY, vol. 50, no. 4, pp. 280-295.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

While agile methods are in use in industry, little research has been undertaken into what is meant by agility and how a supposed agile method can be evaluated with regard to its veracity to belong to this category of software development methodological approaches. Here, an analytical framework, called 4-DAT, is developed and applied to six well-known agile methods and, for comparison, two traditional methods. The results indicate the degree of agility to be found in each method, from which a judgement can be made as to whether the appellation of 'agile' to that method is appropriate. This information is shown to be useful, for example, when constructing a methodology from method fragments (method engineering) and when comparing agile and traditional methods. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Rajapakse, JC, Yang Wang, Xuebin Zheng & Juan Zhou 2008, 'Probabilistic Framework for Brain Connectivity From Functional MR Images', IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging, vol. 27, no. 6, pp. 825-833.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Ramírez de Molina, A, Gallego-Ortega, D, Sarmentero-Estrada, J, Lagares, D, Gómez del Pulgar, T, Bandrés, E, García-Foncillas, J & Lacal, JC 2008, 'Choline kinase as a link connecting phospholipid metabolism and cell cycle regulation: Implications in cancer therapy', The International Journal of Biochemistry & Cell Biology, vol. 40, no. 9, pp. 1753-1763.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Rankine, BR, Indraratna, B, Sivakugan, N, Wijeyakulasuriya, V & Rujikiatkamjorn, C 2008, 'Foundation behaviour below an embankment on soft soils', Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Geotechnical Engineering, vol. 161, no. 5, pp. 259-267.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

The Sunshine Motorway is one of the major traffic corridors that service the South East region of Queensland, Australia. Initial investigations for the construction of pavements in area 2, stage 2 of the motorway began in late 1990. Large areas of soft, highly compressible organic clays were found to exist over the length of the upgrade. Also, because the topography of the proposed alignment was mostly low lying, earthworks were required over a large portion of the route. Prior to any earthworks for the stage being undertaken, a trial embankment was constructed in the area to provide an understanding of the foundation behaviour and to also ensure the overall success of the project. The finite difference code FLAC was employed to investigate the performance of the full-scale trial embankment, and the underlying soft clay. Predictions of the excess pore pressure and both vertical and lateral displacements are made and compared with field observations.

Richards, L, Brown, C, Stone, MH, Fisher, J, Ingham, E & Tipper, JL 2008, 'Identification of nanometre-sized ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene wear particles in samples retrieved in vivo', The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery. British volume, vol. 90-B, no. 8, pp. 1106-1113.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

Nanometre-sized particles of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene have been identified in the lubricants retrieved from hip simulators. Tissue samples were taken from seven failed Charnley total hip replacements, digested using strong alkali and analysed using high-resolution field emission gun-scanning electron microscopy to determine whether nanometre-sized particles of polyethylene debris were generated in vivo. A randomised method of analysis was used to quantify and characterise all the polyethylene particles isolated. We isolated nanometre-sized particles from the retrieved tissue samples. The smallest identified was 30 nm and the majority were in the 0.1 μm to 0.99 μm size range. Particles in the 1.0 μm to 9.99 μm size range represented the highest proportion of the wear volume of the tissue samples, with 35% to 98% of the total wear volume comprised of particles of this size. The number of nanometre-sized particles isolated from the tissues accounted for only a small proportion of the total wear volume. Further work is required to assess the biological response to nanometre-sized polyethylene particles.

Ridoux, J & Veitch, D 2008, 'The cost of variability', 2008 IEEE International Symposium on Precision Clock Synchronization for Measurement, Control and Communication, pp. 29-36.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Ritz, CH, Schiemer, G, Burnett, IS, Cheng, E, Lock, D, Narushima, T, Ingham, S & Wood Conroy, D 2008, 'An Anechoic Configurable Hemispheric Environment for Spatialised Sound', Proceedings of the Australasian Computer Music Conference 2008, pp. 65-68.

Rivaie, AA, Loganathan, P, Graham, JD, Tillman, RW & Payn, TW 2008, 'Effect of phosphate rock and triple superphosphate on soil phosphorus fractions and their plant-availability and downward movement in two volcanic ash soils under Pinus radiata plantations in New Zealand', NUTRIENT CYCLING IN AGROECOSYSTEMS, vol. 82, no. 1, pp. 75-88.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

Changes in phosphorus (P) fractions and their plant-availability and downward movement in two strongly P fixing acidic Andosols (Allophanic and Pumice Soils) under Pinus radiata plantations in New Zealand were studied 2 years after triple superphosphate (TSP) and a phosphate rock (BGPR, origin Ben Guerir, Morocco) application, each at four rates, to determine the fate and plant availability of fertilizer-derived P in these soils. The rate of increase of the concentrations of the P fractions was highest for NaOH-Pi (inorganic P associated with Fe and Al oxides and allophane) when TSP was applied and highest for H2SO4-Pi (predominantly calcium phosphates or apatite-type P minerals) when BGPR was applied. The largest pool of soil P, the NaOH-Po (labile organic P), was unaffected by the P fertilizer applications. The rate of NaOH-Pi concentration increase was higher in the higher P fixing Allophanic Soil than in the Pumice Soil. Both types of fertilizers increased resin-Pi (Inorganic P freely available to the plant) and Bray-2 P concentrations but only the TSP application increased Olsen P concentration. Phosphorus derived from TSP and BGPR applications moved down to 10-20 cm soil depth within 2 years of application in the Pumice Soil, but did not move below 10 cm depth in the higher P fixing and less porous Allophanic Soil. The fertilizers significantly increased needle P concentrations 2, 3 and 4 years after fertilizer application, but did not have any significant effect on tree growth. © 2008 Springer Science+Business Media B.V.

Rogner, H, Sharma, D & Irej Jalal, A 2008, 'Nuclear power versus fossil‐fuel power with CO₂ capture and storage: a comparative analysis', International Journal of Energy Sector Management, vol. 2, no. 2, pp. 181-196.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

PurposeIn recognition of the urgency of the global need to reduce CO2 emissions from the electricity sector, the purpose of this paper is to analyze the cost‐effectiveness of nuclear power and fossil‐fuel‐based power with and without the provision of carbon capture and storage in select, yet environmentally‐significant, group of countries – China, India, Russia, Korea, Pakistan, Poland, Argentina, Bulgaria and Romania.Design/methodology/approachThe analyses are based on comparisons of electricity generation costs for nuclear and fossil‐fuel technologies. These costs, expressed in present value terms, are estimated on the basis of life‐cycle costs, employing detailed country‐specific technological and economic data and assumptions.FindingsThe analyses suggest that that the provision of carbon capture and storage is likely to result in a significant increase in the cost of electricity produced from fossil fuels (principally coal) in all countries represented in this paper. Such increase would completely erode the existing cost advantage enjoyed by fossil‐fuel power (in relation to nuclear power) in some countries (Argentina, Bulgaria, China, and India) and considerably enhance the existing cost‐advantage of nuclear power in other countries (Korea, Pakistan, Poland, Romania, and Russia).Originality/valueNotwithstanding these limitations, the findings of this paper contribute appreciably to the emerging knowledge on this topic and provide useful foresight into the likely challenges of developing internationally acceptable policy prescriptions for mitigation CO2 e...

Rudd, D, López-Mariscal, C, Summers, M, Shahvisi, A, Gutiérrez-Vega, JC & McGloin, D 2008, 'Fiber based optical trapping of aerosols', Optics Express, vol. 16, no. 19, pp. 14550-14550.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Rujikiatkamjorn, C, Indraratna, B & Chu, J 2008, '2D and 3D Numerical Modeling of Combined Surcharge and Vacuum Preloading with Vertical Drains', International Journal of Geomechanics, vol. 8, no. 2, pp. 144-156.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Sabina, L, Kus, B, Shon, H-K & Kandasamy, J 2008, 'Membrane fouling propensity after adsorption as pretreatment in rainwater: a detailed organic characterisation', WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY, vol. 58, no. 8, pp. 1535-1539.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

Organic characterisation in rainwater was investigated in terms of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and molecular weight distribution (MWD) after powdered activated carbon (PAC) adsorption. PAC adsorption was used as pretreatment to membrane filtration to

Saha, S, Sultana, T, Saha, G & Rahman, MM 2008, 'Effects of discrete isoflux heat source size and angle of inclination on natural convection heat transfer flow inside a sinusoidal corrugated enclosure', International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer, vol. 35, no. 10, pp. 1288-1296.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Saidur, R, Masjuki, HH, Hasanuzzaman, M, Mahlia, TMI, Tan, CY, Ooi, JK & Yoon, PH 2008, 'Performance investigation of a solar powered thermoelectric refrigerator', International Journal of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, vol. 3, no. 1, pp. 7-16.
View description>>

This paper describes the development stages and performance of a solar powered thermoelectric refrigerator. It is carried out by installing a conventional thermoelectric refrigerator in a stand alone photovoltaic system for household usage. This photovoltaic driven refrigerator is powered by a field of solar panels, a battery bank, a solar charge controller, and an inverter. In this project, the output power of the photovoltaic system and the capability of the battery bank are determined. A compact thermoelectric refrigerator of 22 watts is applied to be investigated in respect to cooling effect produced. To make the device portable, daytime use and nighttime use of the refrigerator are treated in different ways. The effect of door-opening upon the cooling temperature produced by the photovoltaic driven thermoelectric refrigerator is investigated too. In order to efficiently operate this solar powered refrigerator, the sizing of this stand-alone photovoltaic system and the optimum tilt angle of the photovoltaic array must firstly be determined to maximize the electricity generation for matching the load requirement.

Samad, A, Sultana, Y, Khar, RK, Aqil, M, Kalam, MA, Chuttani, K & Mishra, AK 2008, 'Radiolabeling and evaluation of alginate blend-isoniazid microspheres by^99mTc for the treatment of tuberculosis in rabbit model', Journal of Drug Targeting, vol. 16, no. 6, pp. 509-515.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Samali, B, Dowling, DM & Li, J 2008, 'Dynamic Testing and Analysis of Adobe-Mudbrick Structures', Australian Journal of Structural Engineering, vol. 8, no. 1, pp. 63-75.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

Traditional, unreinforced adobe-mudbrick houses are highly susceptible to damage and destruction during seismic events. Research at the University of Technology Sydney has included shake table testing of 10 scale model (1:2) u-shaped adobe wall units to assess the performance of different reinforcement systems and evaluate the response to out-of-plane seismic forces. This paper describes the qualitative and quantitative performance of one unreinforced and two reinforced adobe structures. Results confirm the importance of using appropriately time-scaled input spectra to ensure dynamic similitude and induce damaging near-resonance conditions. The testing and analysis revealed both internally and externally reinforced structures to be effective at impeding initial cracking, as well as delaying major structural damage and ultimate collapse. The system incorporating external vertical reinforcement performed significantly better and has the clear advantage of being simpler to construct, as well as being a viable option for the retrofit-strengthening of existing dwellings. © Institution of Engineers Australia, 2008.

Samaraweera, DN & Lu, DD-C 2008, 'Novel implementation of average current mode controlled power factor correction converters', Australian Journal of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, vol. 4, no. 1, pp. 83-90.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

This paper presents a novel current sensing implementation of average current mode control of power factor correction (PFC) converters. Instead of sensing the average inductor-current from the return path, a simple RC peak voltage detector circuit is used to derive the required average current signal from the main switch for the controller. This reconstructed signal attains close value to the true average current of the inductor to achieve high power factor. As a result, the power dissipation through the sensing device is reduced. It also improves the stability of converter modules, which are connected in parallel. Simulation results of a boost PFC converter are given to confirm the effectiveness of the proposed approach. © Institution of Engineers Australia, 2008.

Sathananthan, I, Indraratna, B & Rujikiatkamjorn, C 2008, 'Evaluation of Smear Zone Extent Surrounding Mandrel Driven Vertical Drains Using the Cavity Expansion Theory', International Journal of Geomechanics, vol. 8, no. 6, pp. 355-365.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Schirmer, SG, Oi, DKL & Devitt, SJ 2008, 'Physics-based mathematical models for quantum devices via experimental system identification', Journal of Physics: Conference Series, vol. 107, pp. 012011-012011.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Seong, K-W, Ball, JE & Lee, Y-H 2008, 'Application of a regionalized Clark IUH model with limited hydrologic data availability', HYDROLOGICAL PROCESSES, vol. 22, no. 18, pp. 3651-3660.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

To aid prediction of the flow hydrograph in a basin with limited data, a practical approach to determining a regionalized Clark instantaneous unit hydrograph (IUH) model is presented. The proposed model is described in terms of the synthetic time-area concentration curve, the concentration time, and a special regional similarity value that is valid in the whole basin. The latter was estimated from a Monte Carlo testing procedure based on the normal probability distribution of transformed regional similarity values composed of the time of concentration and the storage coefficient in gauged basins. The time-area concentration curve and the concentration time were calculated from a rational equation as in conventional methods. The method of transformation adopted was the Box-Cox power transformation, which is known to make non-normal values resemble normal data. By introducing the regional similarity value into a Clark IUH, a statistically best estimate of IUH for given data conditions and its quantified degree of uncertainty were realized. The Wi River basin in Korea was used to test the applicability of the regionalized Clark IUH. The performance of the suggested methodology was evaluated by assuming an ungauged sub-basin at the site. The results showed that the IUH model developed in this work was an effective tool, predicting a reliable hydrograph within the study area even though only limited data were available. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Sheard, J, Carbone, A, Lister, R, Simon, B, Thompson, E & Whalley, JL 2008, 'Going SOLO to assess novice programmers', ACM SIGCSE Bulletin, vol. 40, no. 3, pp. 209-213.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

This paper explores the programming knowledge of novices using Biggs' SOLO taxonomy. It builds on previous work of Lister et al. (2006) and addresses some of the criticisms of that work. The research was conducted by studying the exam scripts for 120 introductory programming students, in which three specific questions were analyzed using the SOLO taxonomy. The study reports the following four findings: when the instruction to students used by Lister et al. - 'In plain English, explain what the following segment of Java code does' - is replaced with a less ambiguous instruction, many students still provide multistructural responses; students are relatively consistent in the SOLO level of their answers; student responses on SOLO reading tasks correlate positively with performance on writing tasks; postgraduates students manifest a higher level of thinking than undergraduates.

Sheng, D, Fredlund, DG & Gens, A 2008, 'A new modelling approach for unsaturated soils using independent stress variables', Canadian Geotechnical Journal, vol. 45, no. 4, pp. 511-534.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

Although a number of constitutive models for unsaturated soils exist in the literature, some fundamental questions have not been fully answered. There are questions related to (i) the change of the yield stress with soil suction, (ii) modelling slurry soils, and (iii) the smooth transition between saturated and unsaturated soil states. This paper addresses these questions by proposing an alternative modelling approach. The paper first presents a volumetric model for unsaturated soils. This volumetric model is then used to derive the yield surface in the suction – mean stress space. Hysteresis associated with soil-water characteristic curves is then formulated in the same framework of elastoplasticity. It is shown that volume collapse during wetting and plastic shrinkage during initial drying are both direct results of a suction-dependent hardening law. The proposed model seems to be more flexible in modelling different types of unsaturated soils than most models in the literature. The model can be applied to soils that are dried or loaded from initially slurry conditions, for soils that have low to high air-entry values, and for compacted soils as well.

Sheng, D, Fredlund, DG & Gens, A 2008, 'Reply to the discussion by Zhang and Lytton on “A new modelling approach for unsaturated soils using independent stress variables”Appears in Canadian Geotechnical Journal,45(12): 1784–1787.', Canadian Geotechnical Journal, vol. 45, no. 12, pp. 1788-1794.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Sheng, D, Gens, A, Fredlund, DG & Sloan, SW 2008, 'Unsaturated soils: From constitutive modelling to numerical algorithms', Computers and Geotechnics, vol. 35, no. 6, pp. 810-824.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Sheng, D, Pedroso, DM & Abbo, AJ 2008, 'Non-convexity and stress-path dependency of unsaturated soil models', Computational Mechanics, vol. 42, no. 5, pp. 685-694.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Sheng, D, Pedroso, DM & Abbo, AJ 2008, 'Non-convexity and stress-path dependency of unsaturated soil models', Computational Mechanics, vol. 42, no. 5, pp. 695-695.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Sheng, D, Yamamoto, H & Wriggers, P 2008, 'Finite Element Analysis of Enlarged End Piles Using Frictional Contact', Soils and Foundations, vol. 48, no. 1, pp. 1-14.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Sheng, D, Yao, Y & Carter, JP 2008, 'A volume–stress model for sands under isotropic and critical stress states', Canadian Geotechnical Journal, vol. 45, no. 11, pp. 1639-1645.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

A simple volume–stress model for granular soils under isotropic and critical stress states is presented. The model is formulated in the double logarithmic space of void ratio versus mean stress. It has the same number of parameters as used in the Cam Clay models to describe isotropic compression, with one additional parameter to define the critical state curve. The model can qualitatively describe a number of unique features of sand behaviour. Comparison with experimental data indicates that the model is able to predict well the volume change of a range of different sands subjected to isotropic and triaxial compression.

Sheng-Fu Liang, Shih-Mao Lu, Jyh-Yeong Chang & Chin-Teng Lin 2008, 'A Novel Two-Stage Impulse Noise Removal Technique Based on Neural Networks and Fuzzy Decision', IEEE Transactions on Fuzzy Systems, vol. 16, no. 4, pp. 863-873.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Shon, HK, Phuntsho, S & Vigneswaran, S 2008, 'Effect of photocatalysis on the membrane hybrid system for wastewater treatment', DESALINATION, vol. 225, no. 1-3, pp. 235-248.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Shon, HK, Vigneswaran, S & Cho, J 2008, 'Comparison of physico-chemical pretreatment methods to seawater reverse osmosis: Detailed analyses of molecular weight distribution of organic matter in initial stage', JOURNAL OF MEMBRANE SCIENCE, vol. 320, no. 1-2, pp. 151-158.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

In desalination, effective pretreatment is the key to reduce membrane fouling that occurs during the seawater reverse osmosis (SWRO) process. However, it is difficult to compare the flux decline after different pretreatments using a small-scale reverse osmosis filtration unit. In this study, we successfully evaluated the effect of pretreatment on SWRO in terms of molecular weight distribution (MWD) of seawater organic matter (SWOM) after 20 h of SWRO operation. Microfiltration (MF), ultrafiltration (UF), ferric chloride (FeCl3) flocculation and powdered activated carbon (PAC) adsorption, were used as pretreatment. The effluents and the retentates after each pretreatment and 20 h of SWRO operation were characterized in terms of MWD. Although the normalized flux of SWRO showed similar flux decline (J/J0 = 0.17) with/without pretreatment, SWOM concentration in the retentates after different pretreatments was different in quantity and it increased linearly with time. The slope of the SWOM increase was 0.110, 0.096, 0.077 and 0.059 after MF, FeCl3 flocculation, UF and PAC adsorption pretreatments, respectively. MW peaks for the seawater used in this study consisted of 1200 Da (biopolymers), 950 Da (fulvic acids), 650 Da (hydrolysates of humic substances), 250 Da (low MW acids) and 90 Da (low MW neutrals and amphiphilics). FeCl3 flocculation preferentially removed 1200 Da (biopolymers), while PAC adsorption mostly removed 950 Da (fulvic acids). UF and NF removed only a marginal amount of relatively large organics, while RO removed the majority of organics. The intensity of 1200, 950, 650 and 250 Da MW in the RO retentates increased with the RO operation time. The organics of MW around 1200 Da (biopolymers) had a relatively low rate of increase with time compared with those of lower MW. This suggests that the SWOM of 1200 Da MW was preferentially retained on the membrane surface. © 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Shon, HK, Vigneswaran, S, Kandasamy, J & Shim, WG 2008, 'Ultraflitration of wastewater with pretreatment: evaluation of flux decline models', DESALINATION, vol. 231, no. 1-3, pp. 332-339.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

Three different mathematical models relating the flux decline were investigated to quantify the effects of pretreatment in a membrane filtration system. The models used are empirical flux decline model, series resistance flux decline model and modified series resistance flux decline model. A cross flow ultrafiltration unit was used to study flux decline and organic removal from synthetic wastewater. Flocculation and adsorption pretreatments were carried out with ferric chloride (FeCl3) and activated carbon of different doses. The three models could predict flux decline after different pretreatments and could be used as a pretreatment index to ultrafiltration.

Shui Yu, Wanlei Zhou & Doss, R 2008, 'Information theory based detection against network behavior mimicking DDoS attacks', IEEE Communications Letters, vol. 12, no. 4, pp. 318-321.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Silverman, BG, Bharathy, G, Nye, B & Smith, T 2008, 'Modeling factions for 'effects based operations', part II: behavioral game theory.', Comput. Math. Organ. Theory, vol. 14, no. 2, pp. 120-155.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Silverman, BG, Normoyle, A, Kannan, P, Pater, R, Chandrasekaran, D & Bharathy, G 2008, 'An embeddable testbed for insurgent and terrorist agent theories: InsurgiSim.', Intell. Decis. Technol., vol. 2, no. 4, pp. 193-203.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

Many simulators today contain traditional opponents and lack an asymmetric insurgent style adversary. InsurgiSim prototypes an embeddable testbed containing a threat network of agents that one can easily configure and deploy for training and analysis purposes. The insurgent network was constructed inside a socio-cognitive agent framework (FactionSim-PMFserv) that includes: (a) a synthesis of best-of-breed models of personality, culture, values, emotions, stress, social relations, mobilization, as well as (b) an IDE for authoring and managing reusable archetypes and their task-sets (Section 2). Agents and markups in this library are not scripted, and act to follow their values and fulfill their needs. So it’s desirable to profile the agents (eg, faction leaders, cell logisticians, followers, bomb maker, financier, recruiter, etc.) as faithfully to the real world as possible. Doing this will improve the utility of InsurgiSim for studying what may be driving the insurgent agents in a given area of operation as Section 3 explains. InsurgiSim’s bridge is an HLA federate and can be embedded to drive all or some of the insurgent agents in a 3rd party simulator. Three such examples are summarized in Section 4. The paper closes with next steps to improve InsurgiSim’s capabilities and utility. © 2007 - IOS Press and the authors.

Smallwood, AG, Thomas, PS & Ray, AS 2008, 'Characterisation of the dehydration of Australian sedimentary and volcanic precious opal by thermal methods', JOURNAL OF THERMAL ANALYSIS AND CALORIMETRY, vol. 92, no. 1, pp. 91-95.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Smallwood, AG, Thomas, PS & Ray, AS 2008, 'Comparative analysis of sedimentary and volcanic precious opals from Australia', Journal of the Australian Ceramic Society, vol. 44, no. 2, pp. 17-22.
View description>>

Precious opal is Australia's national gemstone, with Australian opal fields providing 90% of world production. The sedimentary geological environment, associated with Cretaceous sediments of the Great Artesian Basin, is the source of most precious opals in Australia. The deposit of precious opal at Tintenbar in northern New South Wales is the only known commercial occurrence of precious opal in volcanic environment in Australia. Differences in silica structure of opal previously classified by x-ray diffraction (XRD) in the 1960's by Jones and Segnit identified three types of opal structure - amorphous opal-A, opal-CT with a poorly crystalline intergrowth cristobalite and tridymite and opal-C showing the cristobalite structure. Recent papers have suggested that all precious opal from a sedimentary environment is Opal-A, and all precious opal from the volcanic environment is opal-CT. This paper examines the differences between sedimentary precious opals from Coober Pedy, South Australia, and volcanic precious opal from Tintenbar, NSW using XRD, scanning electron microscopy and thermal analysis.

Sofi, M, Mendis, PA, Lie, S & Baweja, D 2008, 'Early age concrete thermal and creep effects: Relevance to anchorage zones of post-tensioned members', Electronic Journal of Structural Engineering, vol. 8, pp. 90-96.
View description>>

Highly concentrated stresses are imposed on maturing concrete slab local anchorage zones when post-tensioning (PT) load is applied. The prime nonlinear phenomena of the concrete while hydrating are the evolution of stiffness, the thermal strains, the visco-elastic nature of the concrete and cracking. Thermal and visco-elastic effects are more pronounced in early ages due to a higher rate of hydration reaction and the different phases present. The stresses associated with these effects may cause minor cracks in concrete, even prior to the application of the PT load. Finite Element simulation of early-age concrete behaviour is presented representing about four days of concrete curing in a plywood box. The thermal evolution is validated using experimental data obtained for the same mix. Results demonstrate that hydration reaction and visco-elastic effects can produce tensile stresses at critical times when the PT load is being applied. These stresses can have significant effects to the 'spalling' stresses when a concentrated load is applied to the concrete section.

Sola, J, Monin, A, Devy, M & Vidal-Calleja, T 2008, 'Fusing Monocular Information in Multicamera SLAM', IEEE Transactions on Robotics, vol. 24, no. 5, pp. 958-968.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

This paper explores the possibilities of using monocular simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM) algorithms in systems with more than one camera. The idea is to combine in a single system the advantages of both monocular vision (bearings-only, infinite range observations but no 3-D instantaneous information) and stereovision (3-D information up to a limited range). Such a system should be able to instantaneously map nearby objects while still considering the bearing information provided by the observation of remote ones. We do this by considering each camera as an independent sensor rather than the entire set as a monolithic supersensor. The visual data are treated by monocular methods and fused by the SLAM filter. Several advantages naturally arise as interesting possibilities, such as the desynchronization of the firing of the sensors, the use of several unequal cameras, self-calibration, and cooperative SLAM with several independently moving cameras. We validate the approach with two different applications: a stereovision SLAM system with automatic self-calibration of the rig's main extrinsic parameters and a cooperative SLAM system with two independent free-moving cameras in an outdoor setting. © 2008 IEEE.

Song, SJ, Kim, KS, Kim, KH, Li, HJ, Cho, DL, Kim, JB, Park, HJ, Shon, H & Kim, JH 2008, 'Fabrication of TiO2 impregnated stainless steel fiber photocatalyts and evaluation of photocatalytic activity', Journal of the Korean Industrial and Engineering Chemistry, vol. 19, no. 6, pp. 674-679.
View description>>

TiO2 impregnated stainless steel fiber photocatalysts (TiO 2/SSF) were fabricated to overcome inherent problems of powdery TiO2 photocatalysts in water treatment. Adhesion strength of the impregnated TiO2 was examined using an ultrasonic-cleaner. Photocatalytic activity was evaluated through decomposition experiment of methylene blue and formic acid. Bactericidal efficiency was evaluated through sterilization experiment of E. Coli and Vibrio Vulnificus. Adhesion strength of the impregnated TiO2 was so high that more than 95% was left over even after the treatment in an ultrasonic-cleaner for 30 min. Methylene blue and formic acid were decomposed as much as 60% and 38% of the initial concentration and more than 99.9% of E. Coli and Vibrio Vulnificus were killed after 1 hour exposure to the prepared photocatalyst under UV irradiation. In the case of decomposition of formic acid, decomposition ratio increased if oxidants were added. Especially the decomposition ratio increased as high as 80% when hydrogen peroxide was added as an oxidant.

Stephens, AM, Evans, ZWE, Devitt, SJ & Hollenberg, LCL 2008, 'Asymmetric quantum error correction via code conversion', Physical Review A, vol. 77, no. 6.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Stephens, AM, Evans, ZWE, Devitt, SJ, Greentree, AD, Fowler, AG, Munro, WJ, O’Brien, JL, Nemoto, K & Hollenberg, LCL 2008, 'Deterministic optical quantum computer using photonic modules', Physical Review A, vol. 78, no. 3.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Stewart, GM, Nguyen, HB, Kim, TY, Jauregui, J, Hayes, SR & Corbett, S 2008, 'Inter-Rater Reliability for Noninvasive Measurement of Cardiac Function in Children', Pediatric Emergency Care, vol. 24, no. 7, pp. 433-437.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

Introduction: A transcutaneous ultrasound monitor has recently been developed which noninvasively and quickly measures cardiac output. Validity and reliability testing has been reported in adults. No reliability testing has been undertaken in the pediatric population. Objective: Our objective was to evaluate the inter-rater reliability of a transcutaneous Doppler ultrasound technique to measure cardiac index (CI) and stroke volume index (SVI) in pediatric emergency department patients. Methods: An 8-month prospective observational study was conducted on a convenience sample of emergency department patients younger than 18 years old. Five raters were trained to use an ultrasound cardiac output monitoring device. Two raters, blinded to each other's results, obtained independent measurements from the same patient within 15 minutes of each other. Inter-rater agreement was measured with the Pearson product correlation coefficient. Bland-Altman analysis demonstrated the extent of deviation from a line of agreement between raters. Results: Ninety-seven patients were enrolled. Major diagnostic categories included infection, trauma, and gastrointestinal disorders. There was significant inter-rater correlation for CI (r = 0.76; 95% confidence interval, 0.66-0.83; P < 0.0001) and SVI (r = 0.79; 95% confidence interval, 0.70-0.86; P < 0.0001). Bland-Altman analysis of CI measurements between 2 raters showed bias of 0.06, SD of bias 1.00, and 95% limits of agreement -1.91 to 2.02 L/min/m. Stroke volume index showed bias of -0.5, SD of bias 11.01, and 95% limits of agreement -22.08 to 21.08 mL/m. Conclusions: Transcutaneous Doppler ultrasound technique demonstrates acceptable inter-rater agreement for measuring CI and SVI in children. Copyright © 2008 by Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.

Stewart, MG 2008, 'Cost Effectiveness of Risk Mitigation Strategies for Protection of Buildings against Terrorist Attack', Journal of Performance of Constructed Facilities, vol. 22, no. 2, pp. 115-120.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

The technical note considers the cost effectiveness of risk mitigation measures for protection of buildings to terrorist threats. Protective measures might include vehicle barriers, perimeter walls, blast resistant glazing, strengthened perimeter columns, etc. Indicative values of attack probability and characteristics of commercial buildings in the United States are described. The cost effectiveness of protective measures are calculated from a preliminary economic decision analysis that includes cost of the protective measures, attack probability, reduction in risk due to protective measures, and failure consequences. Economic risks due to terrorism are compared with risks from hurricane and seismic hazards. © 2008 ASCE.

Stewart, MG 2008, 'Risk acceptability and cost-effectiveness of protective measures against terrorist threats to built infrastructure considering multiple threat scenarios', Transactions of Tianjin University, vol. 14, no. 5, pp. 313-317.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

Decisions are often needed about the need and/or extent of protective measures against explosive blast loads on built infrastructure. A decision support analysis considers fatality risks and cost-effectiveness of protective measures expressed in terms of expected cost spent on risk reduction per life saved for terrorist threats to infrastructure. The analysis is applicable to any item of infrastructure, but in this paper is applied to casualties arising from building facade glazing damage. Risks may be compared with risk acceptance criteria in the form of quantitative safety goals. The risk acceptability and cost-effectiveness of protective measures includes cost of the protective measures, attack probability, reduction in risk due to protective measures, probability of fatality conditional on successful terrorist attack and number of exposed individuals.

Stewart, MG & Al-Harthy, A 2008, 'Pitting corrosion and structural reliability of corroding RC structures: Experimental data and probabilistic analysis', Reliability Engineering & System Safety, vol. 93, no. 3, pp. 373-382.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

A stochastic analysis is developed to assess the temporal and spatial variability of pitting corrosion on the reliability of corroding reinforced concrete (RC) structures. The structure considered herein is a singly reinforced RC beam with Y16 or Y27 reinforcing bars. Experimental data obtained from corrosion tests are used to characterise the probability distribution of pit depth. The RC beam is discretised into a series of small elements and maximum pit depths are generated for each reinforcing steel bar in each element. The loss of cross-sectional area, reduction in yield strength and reduction in flexural resistance are then inferred. The analysis considers various member spans, loading ratios, bar diameters and numbers of bars in a given cross-section, and moment diagrams. It was found that the maximum corrosion loss in a reinforcing bar conditional on beam collapse was no more than 16%. The probabilities of failure considering spatial variability of pitting corrosion were up to 200% higher than probabilities of failure obtained from a non-spatial analysis after 50 years of corrosion. This shows the importance of considering spatial variability in a structural reliability analysis for deteriorating structures, particularly for corroding RC beams in flexure. © 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Stewart, MG & Mueller, J 2008, 'A risk and cost-benefit assessment of United States aviation security measures', Journal of Transportation Security, vol. 1, no. 3, pp. 143-159.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Stewart, MG & Netherton, MD 2008, 'Security risks and probabilistic risk assessment of glazing subject to explosive blast loading', Reliability Engineering & System Safety, vol. 93, no. 4, pp. 627-638.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

A probabilistic risk assessment (PRA) procedure is developed which can predict risks of explosive blast damage to built infrastructure. The present paper focuses on window glazing since this is a load-capacity system which, when subject to blast loading, has caused significant damage and injury to building occupants. Structural reliability techniques are used to derive fragility and blast reliability curves (BRCs) for annealed and toughened glazing subjected to explosive blast, for a variety of threat scenarios. The probabilistic analyses include the uncertainties associated with blast modelling, glazing response and glazing failure criteria. Damage risks are calculated for an individual window and for windows in the facade of a multi-storey commercial building. If threat probabilities can be estimated then the paper shows illustrative examples of how this information, when combined with risk-based decision-making criteria, can be used to optimise risk mitigation strategies. © 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Stewart, MG & O'Rourke, A 2008, 'Probabilistic risk assessment of mine subsidence', Australian Geomechanics Journal, vol. 43, no. 3, pp. 1-12.
View description>>

Instability of coal pillars within disused underground mines is an important cause of mine subsidence affecting surface developments. Uncertainty and variability of materials, dimensions and loads affects our ability to assess the stability of these coal pillars. Traditionally, these parameters have been quantified using a deterministic approach. Variables affecting coal pillar stability were probabilistically analysed to determine the factor of safety and probability of failure. Two case studies in the Newcastle region were undertaken in order to simulate real situations. There are two types of uncertainty that need to be modelled: aleatory and epistemic. Aleatory uncertainty is 'random' uncertainty or natural variability. Epistemic uncertainty is uncertainty due to the lack of information. The probabilistic risk assessment method used in the case studies provided an assessment of aleatory and epistemic uncertainties. In the assessment of the stability of pillars in old abandoned workings, both types of uncertainty are encountered. Hence, the UNSW Pillar Design Method under-estimates the probability of failure as it ignores epistemic uncertainties of old pillars in abandoned mines. It was also found that there is no direct relationship between factor of safety and probability of failure. It was revealed that the level of uncertainty can have a significant impact on the probability of failure of a section of workings. The results of this study may lead to a requirement that developers use probabilistic methods to verify that proposed developments are subject to an acceptably low risk of subsidence damage.

Styrkarsdottir, U, Halldorsson, BV, Gretarsdottir, S, Gudbjartsson, DF, Walters, GB, Ingvarsson, T, Jonsdottir, T, Saemundsdottir, J, Center, JR, Nguyen, TV, Bagger, Y, Gulcher, JR, Eisman, JA, Christiansen, C, Sigurdsson, G, Kong, A, Thorsteinsdottir, U & Stefansson, K 2008, 'Multiple Genetic Loci for Bone Mineral Density and Fractures', New England Journal of Medicine, vol. 358, no. 22, pp. 2355-2365.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

Background: Bone mineral density influences the risk of osteoporosis later in life and is useful in the evaluation of the risk of fracture. We aimed to identify sequence variants associated with bone mineral density and fracture. Methods: We performed a quantitative trait analysis of data from 5861 Icelandic subjects (the discovery set), testing for an association between 301,019 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and bone mineral density of the hip and lumbar spine. We then tested for an association between 74 SNPs (most of which were implicated in the discovery set) at 32 loci in replication sets of Icelandic, Danish, and Australian subjects (4165, 2269, and 1491 subjects, respectively). Results: Sequence variants in five genomic regions were significantly associated with bone mineral density in the discovery set and were confirmed in the replication sets (combined P values, 1.2x10-7 to 2.0x10-21). Three regions are close to or within genes previously shown to be important to the biologic characteristics of bone: the receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand gene (RANKL) (chromosomal location, 13q14), the osteoprotegerin gene (OPG) (8q24), and the estrogen receptor 1 gene (ESR1) (6q25). The two other regions are close to the zinc finger and BTB domain containing 40 gene (ZBTB40) (1p36) and the major histocompatibility complex region (6p21). The 1p36, 8q24, and 6p21 loci were also associated with osteoporotic fractures, as were loci at 18q21, close to the receptor activator of the nuclear factor-κB gene (RANK), and loci at 2p16 and 11p11. Conclusions: We have discovered common sequence variants that are consistently associated with bone mineral density and with low-trauma fractures in three populations of European descent. Although these variants alone are not clinically useful in the prediction of risk to the individual person, they provide insight into the biochemical pathways underlying osteoporosis. Copyright © 2008 Massachusetts Medical Society.

Su, Y, Wu, C & Griffith, M 2008, 'Mitigation of blast effects on aluminum foam protected masonry walls', Transactions of Tianjin University, vol. 14, no. S1, pp. 558-562.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

Terrorist attacks using improvised explosive devices (IED) can result in unreinforced masonry (URM) wall collapse. Protecting URM wall from IED attack is very complicated. An effective solution to mitigate blast effects on URM wall is to retrofit URM walls with metallic foam sheets to absorb blast energy. However, mitigation of blast effects on metallic foam protected URM walls is currently in their infancy in the world. In this paper, numerical models are used to simulate the performance of aluminum foam protected URM walls subjected to blast loads. A distinctive model, in which mortar and brick units of masonry are discritized individually, is used to model the performance of masonry and the contact between the masonry and steel face-sheet of aluminum foam is modelled using the interface element model. The aluminum foam is modelled by a nonlinear elastoplastic material model. The material models for masonry, aluminum foam and interface are then coded into a finite element program LS-DYNA3D to perform the numerical calculations of response and damage of aluminum foam protected URM walls under airblast loads. Discussion is made on the effectiveness of the aluminum foam protected system for URM wall against blast loads.

Summers, MD, Burnham, DR & McGloin, D 2008, 'Trapping solid aerosols with optical tweezers: A comparison between gas and liquid phase optical traps', Optics Express, vol. 16, no. 11, pp. 7739-7739.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Sun, D, Sheng, D, Xiang, L & Sloan, SW 2008, 'Elastoplastic prediction of hydro-mechanical behaviour of unsaturated soils under undrained conditions', Computers and Geotechnics, vol. 35, no. 6, pp. 845-852.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Sun, J & Stewart, D 2008, 'How can we Improve the Physical and Social Environment of the School to Promote Student Resilience? Evidence from the Resilient Children and Communities Project in China', International Journal of Mental Health Promotion, vol. 10, no. 2, pp. 45-54.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Sun, Q-F, Dai, M-Y, Chen, W, Ding, J-G, Ni, W & Xu, D-Z 2008, '[The relationship between T cell subsets and secondary bacterial infection and prognosis of patients with chronic severe hepatitis B].', Zhonghua Gan Zang Bing Za Zhi, vol. 16, no. 2, pp. 146-147.

SUN, Y 2008, 'Research of Extensions to RSVP for Mobile IPv6 Networks', Journal of Software, vol. 19, no. 7, pp. 1731-1742.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

Aiming at the features of wireless mobile communication, this paper proposes a new resource reservation scheme, Fast RSVP, to guarantee the QoS of sessions for Mobile IPv6. The scheme adopts cross-layer design, it cooperates two modules at different layers: mobile IP module and RSVP module. By adding some primitives, the scheme let the two modules work together to guarantee the QoS of sessions for mobile users. Fast RSVP imports a series of new mechanisms such as advanced resource reservation on neighbor tunnels, resource reservation on optimized routes, resource reservation for handover sessions, path merge etc. Simulation results show that Fast RSVP scheme, compared with other traditional RSVP extensions for mobile environments, has the following advantages: (1) it realizes a mobile node handover with QoS guarantees; (2) it avoids resource wasting caused by triangular routes and duplicate reservations in Mobile IP handover process; (3) it distinguishes different types of reservation requests, greatly reducing the handover session forced termination rate while maintaining high performance of the network.

Thiruvenkatachari, R, Vigneswaran, S & Moon, IS 2008, 'A review on UV/TiO2 photocatalytic oxidation process (Journal Review)', Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering, vol. 25, no. 1, pp. 64-72.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

Advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) with UV irradiation and photocatalyst titanium dioxide (TiO2) are gaining growing acceptance as an effective wastewater treatment method. A comprehensive review of the UV-TiO 2 photocatalytic oxidation process was conducted with an insight into the mechanism involved, catalyst TiO2, irradiation sources, types of reactors, comparison between effective modes of TiO2 application as immobilized on surface or as suspension, and photocatalytic hybrid membrane system. Photocatalytic degradation technique with titanium dioxide is generally applied for treating wastewater containing organic contaminants due to its ability to achieve complete mineralization of the organic contaminants under mild conditions such as ambient temperature and ambient pressure. Recently, photocatalysis studies using TiO2 have been gaining attention for the degradation of persistent organic pollutants and other organic chemicals which are known to be endocrine disruptors. Treatment of wastewater in a titanium dioxide-suspended slurry reactor has been widely utilized due to its simplicity and enhanced degradation efficiency. However, this system requires separation of TiO2 from water after the photocatalytic process. The final section of the manuscript focuses on the removal of TiO2 using a membrane hybrid system. A two-stage coagulation and sedimentation process coupled with microfiltration hollow-fibre membrane process was found to achieve complete removal of TiO2, and the recovered TiO2 can be reused for a photocatalytic process after regeneration. © 2008 Springer.

Thiruvenkatachari, R, Vigneswaran, S & Naidu, R 2008, 'Permeable reactive barrier for groundwater remediation', Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry, vol. 14, no. 2, pp. 145-156.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

This article aims to provide an overview of the upcoming technology of permeable reactive barriers for groundwater remediation. A comprehensive list of references and web-links are also provided for further in-depth understanding. A brief discussion on the Australian perspective on this emerging technology is also included. © 2008.

Thomas, PS, Smallwood, AS, Ray, AS, Briscoe, BJ & Parsonage, D 2008, 'Nanoindentation hardness of banded Australian sedimentary opal', JOURNAL OF PHYSICS D-APPLIED PHYSICS, vol. 41, no. 7, pp. 1-6.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

Nanoindentation hardness data in continuous stiffness mode are reported for banded potch and play of colour opals sourced from Lightning Ridge in New South Wales and Andamooka in South Australia. Despite the significant visible heterogeneities observed and the significant differences in origin and microstructures, as observed by SEM, and subtle differences in the elemental distributions between bands within specimens, little difference was observed in the mechanical properties. Specimens were found to be mechanically homogeneous and values of the hardness and moduli were found to be similar between samples. The creep behaviour of the specimens was also observed to be similar. It was concluded that the similarities in mechanical properties were due to the similarities in the silica morphology of the specimens, formed in similar geological environments, as differences in microstructure and trace element distribution were found not to significantly influence the observed bulk mechanical properties

Thomas-Kerr, J, Burnett, I & Ritz, C 2008, 'Format-Independent Rich Media Delivery Using the Bitstream Binding Language', IEEE Transactions on Multimedia, vol. 10, no. 3, pp. 514-522.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Tian, H, Yu, Z, Han, L & Liu, Y 2008, 'Birefringence and Confinement Loss Properties in Photonic Crystal Fibers Under Lateral Stress', IEEE Photonics Technology Letters, vol. 20, no. 22, pp. 1830-1832.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Tijing, LD, Pak, BC, Lee, DH & Cho, YI 2008, 'Heat-Treated Titanium Balls for the Mitigation of Mineral Fouling in Heat Exchangers', Experimental Heat Transfer, vol. 21, no. 2, pp. 115-132.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Tomamichel, M, Colbeck, R & Renner, R 2008, 'A Fully Quantum Asymptotic Equipartition Property', IEEE Trans. on Inf. Theory 55 (2009) p. 5840-5847, vol. 55, no. 12, pp. 5840-5847.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

The classical asymptotic equipartition property is the statement that, in thelimit of a large number of identical repetitions of a random experiment, theoutput sequence is virtually certain to come from the typical set, each memberof which is almost equally likely. In this paper, we prove a fully quantumgeneralization of this property, where both the output of the experiment andside information are quantum. We give an explicit bound on the convergence,which is independent of the dimensionality of the side information. Thisnaturally leads to a family of Renyi-like quantum conditional entropies, forwhich the von Neumann entropy emerges as a special case.

Tran, BNH, Nguyen, ND, Eisman, JA & Nguyen, TV 2008, 'Association between LRP5 polymorphism and bone mineral density: a Bayesian meta-analysis', BMC Medical Genetics, vol. 9, no. 1.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

Abstract Background The low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 5 gene (LRP5) was identified to be linked to the variation in BMD in high bone mass pedigrees. Subsequent population-based studies of the association between the LRP5 gene and BMD have yielded conflicting results. The present study was aimed at examining the association between LRP5 gene and BMD by using meta-analysis. Methods A systematic electronic search of literature was conducted to identify all published studies in English on the association between LRP5 gene and osteoporosis-related phenotypes, including bone mineral density and fracture. BMD data were summarized from individual studies by LRP5 genotype, and a synthesis of data was performed with random-effects meta-analyses. After excluding studies on animal and review papers, there were 19 studies for the synthesis. Among these studies, 10 studies used the rs3736228 (A1330V) polymorphism and reported BMD values. Results The 10 eligible studies comprised 16,705 individuals, with the majority being women (n = 8444), aged between 18 – 81 years. The overall distribution of genotype frequencies was: AA, 68%, AV and VV, 32%. However, the genotype frequency varied significantly within as well as between ethnic populations. On random-effects meta-analysis, lumbar spine BMD among individuals with the AA genotype was on average 0.018 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.012 to 0.023) g/cm2 higher than those with either AV or VV genotype. Similarly, femoral neck BMD among carriers of the AA genotype was 0.011 (95%CI: 0.004 to 0.017) g/cm2 higher than those without the genotype. Whi...

Tran, NN, Tuan, HD & Nguyen, HH 2008, 'Training Signal and Precoder Designs for OFDM Under Colored Noise', IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology, vol. 57, no. 6, pp. 3911-3917.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

Based on convex programming, this paper presents a new training signal design for orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) under colored Gaussian noise. An effective method for OFDM symbol detection with the use of precoding is also described. B

Trinh, H, Teh, PS & Ha, QP 2008, 'A common disturbance decoupled observer for linear systems with unknown inputs', International Journal of Automation and Control, vol. 2, no. 2/3, pp. 286-286.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

This paper presents a solution to the problem of designing a common linear functional observer that can observe a partial set of the state vector of two linear systems with unknown inputs. A new structure of a decoupled linear functional observer is proposed for systems subject unknown disturbances, using only the available output information. Existence conditions as well as a design procedure are given for constructing the proposed observer. A numerical example is given to illustrate the effectiveness of the new observer structure.

Tsai, Y, Chung, I, Simpson, JC, Lee, M, Hsiung, C, Chiu, T, Kao, L, Chiu, T, Lin, C, Lin, W, Liang, S & Lin, C 2008, 'Automated recognition system to classify subcellular protein localizations in images of different cell lines acquired by different imaging systems', Microscopy Research and Technique, vol. 71, no. 4, pp. 305-314.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

AbstractSystemic analysis of subcellular protein localization (location proteomics) provides clues for understanding gene functions and physiological condition of the cells. However, recognition of cell images of subcellular structures highly depends on experience and becomes the rate‐limiting step when classifying subcellular protein localization. Several research groups have extracted specific numerical features for the recognition of subcellular protein localization, but these recognition systems are restricted to images of single particular cell line acquired by one specific imaging system and not applied to recognize a range of cell image sources. In this study, we establish a single system for automated subcellular structure recognition to identify cell images from various sources. Two different sources of cell images, 317 Vero (http://gfp‐cdna.embl.de) and 875 CHO cell images of subcellular structures, were used to train and test the system. When the system was trained by a single source of images, the recognition rate is high and specific to the trained source. The system trained by the CHO cell images gave high average recognition accuracy for CHO cells of 96%, but this was reduced to 46% with Vero images. When we trained the system using a mixture of CHO and Vero cell images, an average accuracy of recognition reached 86.6% for both CHO and Vero cell images. The system can reject images with low confidence and identify the cell images correctly recognized to avoid manual reconfirmation. In summary, we have established a single system that can recognize subcellular protein localizations from two different sources for location‐proteomic studies. studies. Microsc. Res. Tech., 2008. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.

Tsai, Y-S, Lin, C-T, Tseng, GC, Chung, I-F & Pal, NR 2008, 'Discovery of dominant and dormant genes from expression data using a novel generalization of SNR for multi-class problems', BMC Bioinformatics, vol. 9, no. 1.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

AbstractBackgroundThe Signal-to-Noise-Ratio (SNR) is often used for identification of biomarkers for two-class problems and no formal and useful generalization of SNR is available for multiclass problems. We propose innovative generalizations of SNR for multiclass cancer discrimination through introduction of two indices, Gene Dominant Index and Gene Dormant Index (GDIs). These two indices lead to the concepts of dominant and dormant genes with biological significance. We use these indices to develop methodologies for discovery of dominant and dormant biomarkers with interesting biological significance. The dominancy and dormancy of the identified biomarkers and their excellent discriminating power are also demonstrated pictorially using the scatterplot of individual gene and 2-D Sammon's projection of the selected set of genes. Using information from the literature we have shown that the GDI based method can identify dominant and dormant genes that play significant roles in cancer biology. These biomarkers are also used to design diagnostic prediction systems.Results and discussionTo evaluate the effectiveness of the GDIs, we have used four multiclass cancer data sets (Small Round Blue Cell Tumors, Leukemia, Central Nervous System Tumors, and Lung Cancer). For each data set we demonstrate that the new indices can find biologically meaningful genes that can act as biomarkers. We then use six machine learning tools, Nearest Neighbor Classifier (NNC), Nearest Mean Classifier (NMC), Support Vector Machine (SVM) classifier with linear kernel, and SVM classifier with Gaussian kernel, where both SVMs are used in conjunction with one-vs-all (OVA) and one-vs-one (OVO) strategies. We found GDIs to be very effective in identifying biomarkers with strong class specific signatures. With all six tools and for all data sets we could achie...

Turner, BD, Binning, PJ & Sloan, SW 2008, 'A calcite permeable reactive barrier for the remediation of Fluoride from spent potliner (SPL) contaminated groundwater', Journal of Contaminant Hydrology, vol. 95, no. 3-4, pp. 110-120.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

van den Hoven, E & Eggen, B 2008, 'Informing augmented memory system design through autobiographical memory theory', PERSONAL AND UBIQUITOUS COMPUTING, vol. 12, no. 6, pp. 433-443.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

Autobiographical memory (AM) is the "memory for the events in one's life" [1]. Often it is assumed that in order to remember all those events, you just need to record everything and when you replay these recordings you will remember those events. You can compare this with a library metaphor that has been used to explain AM according to the record-keeping approach. However, after many years of AM-research it was concluded that AM is stored in a different manner, namely according to the constructionist approach, which often is initiated by memory cues. This paper explains these AM theories, surveys literature on existing augmented memory systems and describes our own work in this area. All this input is combined into eight design recommendations for future augmented memory systems.

VanLandingham, M, Nguyen, TV, Abdul-Rahman, OA, Parent, A & Zhang, J 2008, 'Phenotypical manifestations of partial trisomy 9 and monosomy 4 in two siblings', Neurological Sciences, vol. 29, no. 6, pp. 467-470.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

In this case report, we describe two siblings with a previously unreported partial monosomy 4q and partial trisomy 9q. The sibling karyotypes were determined to be 46,XX,der(4)t(4;9)(q33;q33)pat and 46,XY,der(4)t(4;9)-(q33;q33)pat. The siblings share sev

Vessalas, K, Ray, AS, Thomas, PS, Sri Ravindrarajah, R, Joyce, P & Haggman, J 2008, 'Pitchstone fines pozzolanic activity assessment as partial Portland cement (PC) replacements', Journal of the Australian Ceramic Society, vol. 44, no. 1, pp. 7-12.
View description>>

Mined pitchstone fines (PF), derived as a waste by-product from expandable perlite production in Australia, are a viable, environmentally friendly aluminosilicate supplementary cementitious material (SCM) suitable for partial Portland cement (PC) replacement, thus reducing greenhouse gas emissions resulting from PC manufacture. This paper reports on the findings of pozzolanic activity exhibited at 10%, 20% and 40% replacement levels of PC, through compressive strength determinations of mortar after 1, 7 and 28 days ageing, using strength activity index (SAI) criteria. Additionally, flows and wet densities have been examined using a polycarboxylic based high-range water-reducing admixture (HRWRA) superplasticiser and fixed water content relative to cementitious material present for all PF substitution levels.

Voinov, A 2008, 'Understanding and communicating sustainability: global versus regional perspectives', Environment, Development and Sustainability, vol. 10, no. 4, pp. 487-501.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

While there is no single definition of sustainability, most would agree that it implies that a system is to be maintained at a certain level, held within certain limits. Sustainability denies run-away growth, but it also precludes any substantial set backs or cuts. This sustainability path is hard to reconcile with the renewal cycle that can be observed in most living systems developing according to their natural intrinsic mechanisms. Besides, since different human dominated systems are in significantly different states and stages of development, sustaining those states assumes maintaining social disparities in perpetuity. This creates a challenge in communicating the ideas of sustainability in different regions. Systems are parts of hierarchies where systems of higher levels are made of subsystems from lower levels. Renewal in components is an important factor of adaptation and evolution. But then sustainability of a system borrows from sustainability of a supra-system and rests upon lack of sustainability in subsystems. Therefore by sustaining certain systems beyond their renewal cycle, we decrease the sustainability of larger, higher level systems. The only way to resolve this contradiction is to agree that the biosphere as a whole with humans as one of its components is the only system which sustainability we are to seek. © 2007 Springer Science+Business Media B.V.

Voinov, A & Gaddis, EJB 2008, 'Lessons for successful participatory watershed modeling: A perspective from modeling practitioners', Ecological Modelling, vol. 216, no. 2, pp. 197-207.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Wai-Hung Tsang, I, Kocsor, A & Kwok, JT-Y 2008, 'Large-Scale Maximum Margin Discriminant Analysis Using Core Vector Machines', IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks, vol. 19, no. 4, pp. 610-624.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

Large-Scale Maximum Margin Discriminant Analysis Using Core Vector Machines

Waldron, KJ, Hung, TT & Madadnia, J 2008, 'Configuration Design of a Robotic Vehicle for Rough Terrain Mobility', 2008 15th International Conference on Mechatronics and Machine Vision in Practice, vol. 5, no. 1-4, pp. 487-492.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

In this paper, we describe the motivation for building a six-wheeled robotic vehicle with active suspension to test mobility improvement concepts on rough terrain. The vehicle is being designed and constructed as a final year class project in the School of Engineering and Information Technology of the University of Technology, Sydney. The configuration of the designed vehicle and the integration of the sensing and computation systems are described.

Wang, G & Ying, M 2008, 'Deterministic distributed dense coding with stabilizer states', PHYSICAL REVIEW A, vol. 77, no. 3, pp. 1-10.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

We consider the possibility of using stabilizer states to perform deterministic dense coding among multiple senders and a single receiver. In the model we studied, the utilized stabilizer state is partitioned into several subsystems and then each subsystem is held by a distinct party. We present a sufficient condition for a stabilizer state to be useful for deterministic distributed dense coding with respect to a given partition plan. The corresponding protocol is also constructed. Furthermore, we propose a method to partially solve a more general problem of finding the set of achievable alphabet sizes for an arbitrary stabilizer state with respect to an arbitrary partition plan. Finally, our work provides a perspective from the stabilizer formalism to view the standard dense coding protocol and also unifies several previous results in a single framework. © 2008 The American Physical Society.

Wang, G & Ying, M 2008, 'Perfect many-to-one teleportation with stabilizer states', PHYSICAL REVIEW A, vol. 77, no. 3, pp. 1-12.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

We study the possibility of performing perfect teleportation of unknown quantum states from multiple senders to a single receiver with a previously shared stabilizer state. In the model we considered, the utilized stabilizer state is partitioned into several subsystems and then each subsystem is distributed to a distinct party. We present two sufficient conditions for a stabilizer state to achieve a given nonzero teleportation capacity with respect to a given partition plan. The corresponding teleportation protocols are also explicitly given. Interestingly, we find that even mixed stabilizer states are also useful for perfect many-to-one teleportation. Finally, our work provides a perspective from stabilizer formalism to view the standard teleportation protocol and also suggests a technique for analyzing teleportation capability of multipartite entangled states. © 2008 The American Physical Society.

Wang, G, Huo, H, Han, D & Hui, X 2008, 'Query Processing and Optimization Techniques over Streamed Fragmented XML', World Wide Web, vol. 11, no. 3, pp. 339-359.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Wang, H, He, X, Hintz, T & Wu, Q 2008, 'Fractal Image Compression on Hexagonal Structure', Journal of Algorithms & Computational Technology, vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 79-98.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

Fractal image compression (FIC) is a relatively recent image compression method. Its basic idea is to represent images as a fixed point of a contractive Iterated Function System (IFS). Spiral Architecture (SA) is a novel hexagonal image structure on which images are displayed as a collection of hexagonal pixels. The efficiency and accuracy of image processing on SA have been demonstrated in many recently published papers. In this paper, two presentations of SA on the traditional display device will be discussed. Then we will review the current research work on fractal image compression based on SA using both presentations. The FIC performance on SA will be compared with it on the traditional square structure in terms of compression ratio and PSNR. In the experimental results, higher PSNR values can be achieved at various compression ratios for all test images. The preliminary research on this direction has shown a promising future of applying FIC on SA to further improve the compression performance.

Wang, Z, Jin, J, Guo, Y & Zhu, J 2008, 'SVPWM Techniques and Applications in HTS PMSM Control', Journal of Electronic Science and Technology of China - Zhongguo Dianzi Keji, vol. 6, no. 2, pp. 191-197.

Wattana, S, Sharma, D & Vaiyavuth, R 2008, 'Electricity Industry Reforms in Thailand: A Historical Review', GMSARN International Journal, vol. 2, no. 2, pp. 41-52.
View description>>

The Thai Electricity Supply Industry (ESI) has been undergoing reform since the early 1990s. The first stage of reform resulted in the introduction of Independent Power Producers (IPPs) and Small Power Producers (SPPs) programs. This was followed by, in the mid-to-late 1990s, a proposal to introduce a market-oriented reform. This reform program envisaged the separation of generation from transmission and distribution functions; introduction of competition in generation; development of new market-oriented regulatory arrangements, and the privatization of the industry. This reform, argued its proponents, will improve the efficiency of the electricity industry; lower electricity tariffs; improve quality of service; draw private investment into power generation sector; reduce the governments investment burden of financing expensive electricity infrastructure and hence enhance its capacity for investing in other priority programs such as health, education and other social activities. This paper examines the veracity of these arguments. This examination is assisted by a historical review of the evolution of the Thai Electricity Supply Industry (ESI). This review reveals that the above noted arguments are unsupportable on the basis of the technological, economic, environmental, social and political realities prevalent in Thailand. This paper further emphasizes the need to clearly identify the `real rationale for reform so that an appropriate reform pathway consonant with socio-political contexts in Thailand could be selected.

Weily, AR, Bird, TS & Guo, YJ 2008, 'A Reconfigurable High-Gain Partially Reflecting Surface Antenna', IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, vol. 56, no. 11, pp. 3382-3390.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

A high-gain partially reflective surface (PRS) antenna with a reconfigurable operating frequency is presented. The operating frequency is electronically tuned by incorporating an array of phase agile reflection cells on a thin substrate above the ground plane of the resonator antenna, where the reflection phase of each cell is controlled by the bias voltage applied to a pair of varactor diodes. The new configuration enables continuous tuning of the antenna from 5.2 GHz to 5.95 GHz using commercially available varactor diodes, thus covering frequencies typically used for WLAN applications. Both the PRS and phase agile cell are analyzed, and theoretical and measured results for gain, tuning range, and radiation patterns of the reconfigurable antenna are described. The effect of the varactor diode series resistance on the performance of the antenna is also reported. © 2008 IEEE.

Witzigmann, B, Tomamichel, M, Steiger, S, Veprek, RG, Kojima, K & Schwarz, UT 2008, 'Analysis of Gain and Luminescence in Violet and Blue GaInN–GaN Quantum Wells', IEEE Journal of Quantum Electronics, vol. 44, no. 2, pp. 144-149.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Woodside, AG, Sood, S & Miller, KE 2008, 'When consumers and brands talk: Storytelling theory and research in psychology and marketing', PSYCHOLOGY & MARKETING, vol. 25, no. 2, pp. 97-145.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

Storytelling is pervasive through life. Much information is stored, indexed, and retrieved in the form of stories. Although lectures tend to put people to sleep, stories move them to action. People relate to each other in terms of stories - and products and brands often play both central and peripheral roles in their stories. To aid storytelling research in consumer psychology, this article develops a narrative theory that describes how consumers use brands as props or anthropomorphic actors in stories they report about themselves and others. Such drama enactments enable these storytellers to experience powerful myths that reflect psychological archetypes. The article includes findings from case study research that probes propositions of the theory. Implications for consumer psychology and marketing practice follow the discussion of the findings. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Wu, B, Liang, C-H, Qin, P-Y & Li, Q 2008, 'Compact Dual-Band Filter Using Defected Stepped Impedance Resonator', IEEE Microwave and Wireless Components Letters, vol. 18, no. 10, pp. 674-676.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Wu, B, Qin, P, Li, Q & Liang, C 2008, 'Trisection cross‐coupled filter with symmetrical response using split‐ring resonator DGS', Microwave and Optical Technology Letters, vol. 50, no. 7, pp. 1774-1776.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

AbstractIn this article, a novel trisection cross‐coupled filter with symmetrical response by using split‐ring resonator defected ground structure (SRR DGS) is presented. The SRR DGS is loaded at the bottom of a two‐pole microstrip SRR filter, then a compact trisection cross‐coupled filter with a pair of transmission zeros is obtained. A practical filter which has a center frequency of 1.4 GHz and a relative bandwidth of 14% is successfully designed and fabricated. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 50: 1774–1776, 2008; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.23529

Wu, C & Hao, H 2008, 'Numerical derivation of averaged material properties of hollow concrete block masonry', Engineering Structures, vol. 30, no. 3, pp. 870-883.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Wu, C, Oehlers, DJ & Whittaker, A 2008, 'FRP retrofitted RC slabs using finite difference model', Transactions of Tianjin University, vol. 14, no. 5, pp. 344-347.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

Current guidelines recommend using single-degree-of-freedom(SDOF) method for dynamic analysis of reinforced concretec (RC) structures against blast loads, which is not suitable for retrofitted members. Thus, a finite difference procedure developed in another study was used to accurately and efficiently analyze the dynamic response of fibre reinforced polymer (FRP) plated members under blast loads. It can accommodate changes in the mechanical properties of a member's cross section along its length and through its depth in each time step, making it possible to directly incorporate both strain rate effects (which will vary along the length and depth of a member) and non-uniform member loading to solve the partial differential equation of motion. The accuracy of the proposed method was validated in part using data from field blast testing. The finite difference procedure is implemented easily and enables accurate predictions of FRP-plated-member response.

Wu, L & Sandrasegaran, K 2008, 'A Study on RAT Selection Algorithms in Combined UMTS/GSM Networks', ECTI Transactions on Electrical Engineering, Electronics and Telecommunication, vol. 6, no. 2, pp. 86-92.
View description>>

The future wireless network is expected to be a heterogeneous system, which integrates different Ra-dio Access Technologies (RATs) through a common platform. A major challenge arising from this het-erogeneous network is Radio Resource Management (RRM) strategy. Common RRM (CRRM) has been proposed in the literature to jointly manage radio re-sources among a number of overlapped RATs in an optimized way. Currently, the RAT selection algo-rithm is one of the key research areas of CRRM. This paper studies RAT selection algorithms in co-located UMTS/GSM networks. In this paper, a three-complex algorithm called IN*VG*Load is proposed based on improvements on the IN*VG algorithm. The simulation results show that the IN*VG*Load algorithm can optimize the system performance in highly loaded combined UMTS/GSM networks. A new algorithm suitable for low to medium loaded UMTS/GSM networks is also proposed and simula- tion results are presented in this paper.

Wu, M & Dai, L 2008, 'Ignoring ROI: Suggestion for Chinese Businesses in Adopting E-commerce', eBworld (in Mandarin), vol. 11, pp. 62-63.

Wu, R & Lu, J 2008, 'The validation process and component analysis in enterprise integration', International Journal of Business and Systems Research, vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 86-86.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

In a rapidly changing development environment, componentisation is crucial as both reuse and agility are basic requirements for maintaining a consistent responsiveness between business and IT. This study proposes a framework of metadata-based component development aiming to achieve service virtualisation through multidisciplines and multisteps process. It also develops service interoperability which can identify and validate component easily. Based on the strategy, a roadmap is provided in full life cycle. The proposed techniques, the multidisciplines and dimensional services, have been applied in industry in constructing the skeleton of service-based architecture and consequently constructing the foundation of service virtualisation.

Wyeth, P 2008, 'How Young Children Learn to Program With Sensor, Action, and Logic Blocks', Journal of the Learning Sciences, vol. 17, no. 4, pp. 517-550.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Xia, H, Guo, WW, Wu, X, Pi, YL & Bradford, MA 2008, 'Lateral dynamic interaction analysis of a train–girder–pier system', Journal of Sound and Vibration, vol. 318, no. 4-5, pp. 927-942.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

A dynamic model of a coupled train-girder-pier system is developed in this paper. Each vehicle in a train is modeled with 27 degrees-of-freedom for a 4-axle passenger coach or freight car, and 31 for a 6-axle locomotive. The bridge model is applicable to

Xia, Y, Hao, H, Deeks, AJ & Zhu, X 2008, 'Condition Assessment of Shear Connectors in Slab-Girder Bridges via Vibration Measurements', Journal of Bridge Engineering, vol. 13, no. 1, pp. 43-54.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Xiangjian He, Wenjing Jia & Qiang Wu 2008, 'An approach of canny edge detection with virtual hexagonal image structure', 2008 10th International Conference on Control, Automation, Robotics and Vision, vol. 4678, no. 1, pp. 879-882.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

Gradient-based edge detection is a straightforward method to identify the edge points in the original grey-level image. It is intuitive that in the human vision system the edge points always appear where the grey-level value is greatly changed. Spiral Architecture is a relatively new image data structure that is inspired from anatomical considerations of the primate's vision. In Spiral Architecture, each image is represented as a collection of hexagonal pixels. Edge detection on Spiral Architecture has features of fast computation and accurate localization. In this paper, we present and compare gradient-based edge detection algorithms on Spiral Architecture. The experimental results show that the edge detection on Spiral Architecture outperforms that on traditional square image structure.

Xiao, Y, Liu, B & Cao, L 2008, 'A Chinese question classification using one-vs-one method as a learning tool', International Journal of Intelligent Information and Database Systems, vol. 2, no. 4, pp. 446-446.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

Question classification plays an important role in the question answering system and the errors of question classification will probably result in the failure of question answering. Thus, how to enhance the accuracy is an open question. In order to enhance the accuracies of the Chinese question classification, this paper extends one-against-one method based on SVMs to resolve the problems. The results show the good performance of the algorithm for Chinese question classification problems. © 2008, Inderscience Publishers.

Xiao-shan Gao, Dan-tong Ouyang, Ji-gui Sun, San-jiang Li, Tian-shun Yao, Ru-zhan Lu, Chun-yi Shi, Zhan-gang Han, Jue Wang, Cun-gen Cao & Ruqian Lu 2008, 'AI in China: A Survey', IEEE Intelligent Systems, vol. 23, no. 6, pp. 26-32.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

This article consists of nine short essays discussing research pursued by AI researchers in China and their perspectives on research in several AI subareas. The article first introduces the mechanization of mathematics, an area in which Chinese scientists have made significant contributions. It then discusses research in automated reasoning, temporal and spatial knowledge representation and reasoning, natural language understanding, intelligent diagnosis, multiagent systems, computational intelligence, large-scale knowledge processing, and several research streams integrating AI techniques with methods from other fields. Finally, the article makes suggestions concerning future AI research in China.

Xing, W, Guo, W, Ngo, H, Listowski, A & Cullum, P 2008, 'Specific Anaerobic Fluidized Bed Bioreactors as Pretreatment to Microfiltration in Domestic Wastewater Treatment for Reuse', Journal of Applied Membrane Science & Technology, vol. 8, no. 2, pp. 1-8.

Xing, W, Ngo, HH, Kim, SH, Guo, WS & Hagare, P 2008, 'Adsorption and bioadsorption of granular activated carbon (GAC) for dissolved organic carbon (DOC) removal in wastewater', BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY, vol. 99, no. 18, pp. 8674-8678.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

In this study, the performances of GAC adsorption and GAC bioadsorption in terms of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) removal were investigated with synthetic biologically treated sewage effluent (BTSE), synthetic primary treated sewage effluent (PTSE), real BTSE and real PTSE. The main aims of this study are to verify and compare the efficiency of DOC removal by GAC (adsorption) and acclimatized GAC (bioadsorption). The results indicated that the performance of bioadsorption was significantly better than that of adsorption in all cases, showing the practical use of biological granular activated carbon (BGAC) in filtration process. The most significance was observed at a real PTSE with a GAC dose of 5 g/L, having 54% and 96% of DOC removal by adsorption and bioadsorption, respectively. In addition, it was found that GAC adsorption equilibrium was successfully predicted by a hybrid Langmuir-Freundlich model whilst integrated linear driving force approximation (LDFA) + hybrid isotherm model could describe well the adsorption kinetics. Both adsorption isotherm and kinetic coefficients determined by these models will be useful to model the adsorption/bioadsorption process in DOC removal of BGAC filtration system. © 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Xing, W, Ngo, HH, Kim, SH, Guo, WS & Hagare, P 2008, 'Physico-chemical processes for landfill leachate treatment: Experiments and mathematical models', SEPARATION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY, vol. 43, no. 2, pp. 347-361.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Xu, M, Xu, C, Duan, L, Jin, JS & Luo, S 2008, 'Audio keywords generation for sports video analysis', ACM Transactions on Multimedia Computing, Communications, and Applications, vol. 4, no. 2, pp. 1-23.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

Sports video has attracted a global viewership. Research effort in this area has been focused on semantic event detection in sports video to facilitate accessing and browsing. Most of the event detection methods in sports video are based on visual features. However, being a significant component of sports video, audio may also play an important role in semantic event detection. In this paper, we have borrowed the concept of the “keyword” from the text mining domain to define a set of specific audio sounds. These specific audio sounds refer to a set of game-specific sounds with strong relationships to the actions of players, referees, commentators, and audience, which are the reference points for interesting sports events. Unlike low-level features, audio keywords can be considered as a mid-level representation, able to facilitate high-level analysis from the semantic concept point of view. Audio keywords are created from low-level audio features with learning by support vector machines. With the help of video shots, the created audio keywords can be used to detect semantic events in sports video by Hidden Markov Model (HMM) learning. Experiments on creating audio keywords and, subsequently, event detection based on audio keywords have been very encouraging. Based on the experimental results, we believe that the audio keyword is an effective representation that is able to achieve satisfying results for event detection in sports video. Application in three sports types demonstrates the practicality of the proposed method.

Xu, XX, Li, L & Zheng, YF 2008, 'Preparation and surface modification of magnetic nanoparticles for biomedical applications', Cailiao Kexue Yu Gongyi Material Science and Technology, vol. 16, no. 4, pp. 562-568.
View description>>

Magnetic nanoparticle is one of the hot research directions in the field of nano-biomedical materials. The magnetic nanoparticles prepared by different methods and modified with different polymers are used in various fields. In this paper, we synthetically summarize its preparation methods including co-precipitation, sol-gel, microemulsion, generalize the surface modification technique with different polymers, and report the biomedical applications of magnetic nanoparticles involving target drug delivery, cell separation hyperthermic treatment for malignant cells and MRI contrast enhancement. Magnetic nanoparticles still have great potentials for development and application in the future.

Yan, Y, Zhu, JG & Guo, YG 2008, 'Initial rotor position estimation and sensorless direct torque control of surface-mounted permanent magnet synchronous motors considering saturation saliency', IET Electric Power Applications, vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 42-48.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

For a practical direct torque-controlled (DTC) permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) drive system, the information of the initial rotor position, which is usually obtained by a mechanical position sensor, is essential for starting under the full load

Yanti, PAA & Mahlia, TMI 2008, 'Methodology of implementing energy efficiency standards for electric motor', European Journal of Scientific Research, vol. 24, no. 1, pp. 134-147.
View description>>

Interests in establishing appliance standards are spreading from North America and Europe to many other countries around the world. The methodology of electric motor efficiency standards is still being developed, and therefore, no single methodology is available for establishing standards for electric motor. This paper discusses the methodology involved in developing energy efficiency standards for electric motor. The initial step of setting a standard is proposing a test procedure, then the energy efficiency standards can be implemented based upon energy test procedure, then followed by proposing suitable energy labels and incentive programs for the appliances. The equations to calculate energy savings and the economic and environmental impact of the standards are also discussed. The methodology presented in this study is suitable for a developing country that lack of available data. Using this approach may shorten the time required for developing standards. © EuroJournals Publishing, Inc. 2008.

Yanti, PAA & Mahlia, TMI 2008, 'Technical note: Life cycle cost analysis of design options selection for energy efficiency improvement of electric motor', International Journal of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, vol. 3, no. 2, pp. 206-211.
View description>>

Literature on energy efficiency standards and labels for electric motor are widely available. However, very limited articles discussed about the method to calculate life-cycle cost analysis of potential energy efficiency improvement for electric motor. This paper presents the life-cycle cost analysis of energy efficiency improvement of electric motor based on engineering/economic analysis. The least efficient model from a survey in the market was selected as a baseline model. The method includes the selection of design options that will increase efficiency and calculate its life cycle cost (LCC) analysis and payback period. LCC was calculated as a function of several design options based on potential efficiency improvement. The study found that, efficiency improvement can be achieved, if manufacturers willing to adopt more efficient design options with a little additional investment for the product. Furthermore, the method can be used for other product without major modification.

Ye, T, Veitch, D & Bolot, J 2008, 'Improving wireless security through network diversity', ACM SIGCOMM Computer Communication Review, vol. 39, no. 1, pp. 34-44.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

Data confidentiality over mobile devices can be difficult to secure due to a lack of computing power and weak supporting encryption components. However, modern devices often have multiple wireless interfaces with diverse channel capacities and security capabilities. We show that the availability of diverse, heterogeneous links (physical or logical) between nodes in a network can be used to increase data confidentiality, on top of the availability or strength of underlying encryption techniques. We introduce a new security approach using multiple channels to transmit data securely, based on the idea of deliberate corruption, and information reduction, and analyze its security using the information theoretic concept of secrecy capacity, and the wiretap channel. Our work introduces the idea of channel design with security in mind.

Yong Zhu, Lee, JE-Y & Seshia, AA 2008, 'A Resonant Micromachined Electrostatic Charge Sensor', IEEE Sensors Journal, vol. 8, no. 9, pp. 1499-1505.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Youguang Guo, Jian Guo Zhu, Jinjiang Zhong, Haiyan Lu & Jian Xun Jin 2008, 'Measurement and Modeling of Rotational Core Losses of Soft Magnetic Materials Used in Electrical Machines: A Review', IEEE Transactions on Magnetics, vol. 44, no. 2, pp. 279-291.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

In many situations, for example, in the cores of a rotating electrical machine and the T-joints of multiphase transformers, the magnetic flux varies with time in terms of both magnitude and direction, i.e., the local flux density vector rotates with varying magnitude and varying speed. Therefore, it is important that the magnetic properties of the core materials under various rotational magnetizations be properly investigated, modeled, and applied in the design and analysis of electromagnetic devices with rotational flux. Drawing from the huge amount of papers published by various researchers in the past century, this paper presents an extensive survey on the measurement and modeling of rotational core losses of soft magnetic materials used in electrical machines, particularly from the view of practical engineering application. The paper aims to provide a broad picture of the historical development of measuring techniques, measuring apparatus, and practical models of rotational core losses. © 2008 IEEE.

Yuan, X, Zhe, Z & Hu, S 2008, 'Abstract 2303: The Short-term Benefits of Off-pump Coronary Artery Bypass for Diabetes Patients Disappears in the Long Run', Circulation, vol. 118, no. suppl_18.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

Numerous studies revealed the adverse impacts of diabetes on the outcomes of coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). However, the disparities of impacts of different surgical techniques on the prognosis of diabetes and non-diabetes patients were still unknown. The objective of this study was to evaluate the possible beneficial effects of off-pump CABG (OPCAB) on the immediate as well as long term postoperative outcomes. From 1999 to 2005, 5550 consecutive patients underwent isolated conventional CABG (cCABG) or OPCAB in our institute. All patients have finished a 3-year follow up. In-hospital MACE includes cardiac death, stroke and myocardial infarction. As for MACE in the follow-up, the definition was the combination of cardiac death, stroke, myocardial infarction and revascularization. These data were prospectively collected and retrospectively reviewed. After risk adjustment, diabetes patients in cCABG group had an OR of 1.385 (p<0.001) for immediate mortality and 1.291 (p<0.010) for immediate MACE comparing with non-diabetes patients receiving cCABG. On the contrary, no significant differences were found when comparisons between diabetes and non-diabetes patients undergoing OPCAB were carried out, indicating beneficial effects of OPCAB for diabetes patients in short terms. However, while the risk-adjusted HR of diabetes patients for long-term mortality and for long-term MACE in cCABG group were 1.130 (p=0.003) and 1.781 (p=0.001) respective, those in OPCAB group were 1.082 (p=0.077) and 1.038 (p<0.001). These results suggested that although the beneficial effects of OPCAB for diabetes patients in terms of mortality still remained, those in terms of long-term MACE disappeared. Although reductions of differences of in-hospital adverse outcomes between diabetes and non-diabetes patients undergoing OPCABG were seen, these beneficial effects were mitigated in the long run.

Yuan, X, Zheng, Z, Li, Y & Hu, S 2008, 'Validation of a Newly Proposed Risk-Predictive Model of Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery in the Chinese Population', The Heart Surgery Forum, vol. 11, no. 6, pp. E346-E351.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Yusop, N, Zowghi, D & Lowe, D 2008, 'The impacts of non-functional requirements in web system projects', International Journal of Value Chain Management, vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 18-18.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

In web system development, the Non-Functional Requirements (NFRs) are typically considered only briefly during the requirements elicitation stage and not rigorously articulated by either web developers or the client. This paper reports on an investigation into this issue involving interviews with web developers who were engaged in commercial web development projects. The results from this qualitative research highlight that web developers commonly do not pay sufficient attention to NFRs. This arises due to uncertainty, lack of time, lack of knowledge in the importance of NFRs and partly because NFRs are not readily available and documented from previous similar projects. Web developers also do not elicit NFR at the same time and at the same level of details as Functional Requirements (FRs). This study highlights that exploring the domain at an early stage of development will help developers to better understand NFR. A lack of rigour in articulating NFRs may significantly impact on the development effectiveness and the quality of the resulting web system. An evaluation of NFRs may also lead to discovering new FRs.

Zhan, Y, Guo, Y, Zhu, J & Wang, H 2008, 'Intelligent uninterruptible power supply system with back-up fuel cell/battery hybrid power source', Journal of Power Sources, vol. 179, no. 2, pp. 745-753.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

This paper presents the development of an intelligent uninterruptible power supply (UPS) system with a hybrid power source that comprises a proton-exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) and a battery. Attention is focused on the architecture of the UPS hybr

Zhang, G, Lu, J & Gao, Y 2008, 'An algorithm for fuzzy multi-objective multi-follower partial cooperative bilevel programming', JOURNAL OF INTELLIGENT & FUZZY SYSTEMS, vol. 19, no. 4-5, pp. 303-319.
View description>>

In a bilevel decision problem, both the leader and the follower may have multiple objectives to optimize under certain constraints. In the meantime, these objective functions and constraints may contain some uncertain parameters. In addition, there may h

Zhang, G, Lu, J & Gao, Y 2008, 'FUZZY BILEVEL PROGRAMMING: MULTI-OBJECTIVE AND MULTI-FOLLOWER WITH SHARED VARIABLES', INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF UNCERTAINTY FUZZINESS AND KNOWLEDGE-BASED SYSTEMS, vol. 16, pp. 105-133.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

Bilevel programming deals with hierarchical optimization problems in which the leader at the upper level attempts to optimize his or her objectives, but subject to a set of constraints and the follower's reactions. Typical bilevel programming considers one leader one follower situation and supposes each of them has only one objective. In real world situations, multiple followers may be involved and they may be with different relationships such as sharing decision variables or not, sharing objectives or not. Therefore, the leader's decision will be affected not only by those followers' reactions but also by their relationships. In addition, any of the leader and/or these followers may have multiple conflict objectives that should be optimized simultaneously. Furthermore, the parameters of a bilevel programming model may be described by uncertain values. This paper addresses all these three issues as a whole by particularly focusing on the situation of sharing decision variables among followers. It first proposes a set of fuzzy multi-objective multi-follower bilevel programming (FMMBP) models to describe the complex issue. It then presents an approximation branch-and-bound algorithm to solve the FMMBP problems. Finally, two examples illustrate the proposed models and algorithm.

Zhang, G, Shi, C & Lu, J 2008, 'AN EXTENDED KTH-BEST APPROACH FOR REFERENTIAL-UNCOOPERATIVE BILEVEL MULTI-FOLLOWER DECISION MAKING', INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF COMPUTATIONAL INTELLIGENCE SYSTEMS, vol. 1, no. 3, pp. 205-214.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

Bilevel decision techniques have been mainly developed for solving decentralized management problems with decision makers in a hierarchical organization. When multiple followers are involved in a bilevel decision problem, called a bilevel multi-follower (BLMF) decision problem, the leaderâs decision will be affected, not only by the reactions of these followers, but also by the relationships among these followers. The referential-uncooperative situation is one of the popular cases of BLMF decision problems where these multiple followers donât share decision variables with each other but may take othersâ decisions as references to their decisions. This paper presents a model for the referential-uncooperative BLMF decision problem. As the kth-best approach is one of the most successful approaches in dealing with normal bilevel decision problems, this paper then proposes an extended kth-best approach to solve the referential-uncooperative BLMF problem. Finally an example of logistics planning illustrates the application of the proposed extended kth-best approach.

Zhang, G, Shi, C & Lu, J 2008, 'An ExtendedKth-Best Approach For Referential-Uncooperative Bilevel Multi-Follower Decision Making', International Journal of Computational Intelligence Systems, vol. 1, no. 3, pp. 205-214.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

Bilevel decision techniques have been mainly developed for solving decentralized management problems with decision makers in a hierarchical organization. When multiple followers are involved in a bilevel decision problem, called a bilevel multi-follower (BLMF) decision problem, the leader's decision will be affected, not only by the reactions of these followers, but also by the relationships among these followers. The referential-uncooperative situation is one of the popular cases of BLMF decision problems where these multiple followers don't share decision variables with each other but may take others' decisions as references to their decisions. This paper presents a model for the referential-uncooperative BLMF decision problem. As the kth-best approach is one of the most successful approaches in dealing with normal bilevel decision problems, this paper then proposes an extended kth-best approach to solve the referential-uncooperative BLMF problem. Finally an example of logistics planning illustrates the application of the proposed extended kth-best approach. © 2008 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.

Zhang, H, Huang, S & James, MR 2008, 'H^∞ control for discrete‐time nonlinear switching systems', International Journal of Robust and Nonlinear Control, vol. 18, no. 15, pp. 1451-1481.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

AbstractThis paper formulates and solves the robust H∞ control problem for discrete‐time nonlinear switching systems. The H∞ control problem is interpreted as the l2 finite gain control problem and is studied using a dissipative systems theory for switched systems. Both state and measurement feedback control problems are formulated as dynamic games and solved using dynamic programming. The partially observed dynamic game corresponding to the measurement feedback control problem is solved by transforming into a completely observed, full state infinite‐dimensional game problem using information states. Our results are illustrated with an example. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Zhang, J, Zhang, J & Bo, L 2008, 'Abundant travelling wave solutions for KdV–Sawada–Kotera equation with symbolic computation', Applied Mathematics and Computation, vol. 203, no. 1, pp. 233-237.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Zhang, L, Xing, QD, Dai, L, Du, HM & Wu, M 2008, 'Research on Application Level of eCommerce of Service SMEs - Based on Website Usability', Journal of Information (in Mandarin), vol. 27, no. 4, pp. 92-94.

Zhang, R, Vigneswaran, S, Ngo, H & Nguyen, H 2008, 'Fluidized bed magnetic ion exchange (MIEX®) as pre-treatment process for a submerged membrane reactor in wastewater treatment and reuse', Desalination, vol. 227, no. 1-3, pp. 85-93.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

Magnetic ion exchange (MIEX®) resin can effectively remove significant amounts of organic matter from biologically treated sewage effluent. The MIEX® process has mainly been used as a batch process, which requires a large area for accommodating both contact tank and settling tank in the treatment process. In this study, a fluidized bed MIEX® reactor (a semi-continuous process) was used as a pre-treatment for a submerged membrane. When used as a pre-treatment for a submerged membrane, the fluidized bed MIEX® contactor could remove a significant amount of organic matter in the wastewater (80% removal). This pre-treatment helped to reduce membrane fouling and keep transmembrane pressure low during the membrane operation of 8 h (less than 19 kPa). The regeneration of MIEX® resin (number of regeneration, regeneration time, etc.) did not have any adverse effect on the organic removal by MIEX®. © 2008.

Zhang, W, Abhayapala, TD & Zhang, J 2008, 'Frequency Dependency in UWB Channel Modelling', Scientific Commons.

Zhang, Y, Yang, C, Zhang, Y & Yang, C 2008, 'Recent Advances of Finite Elements for Laminated Composite Plates', Recent Patents on Engineering, vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 36-46.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Zhao, Y, Milne, G, Edgar, JS, Jeffries, GDM, McGloin, D & Chiu, DT 2008, 'Quantitative force mapping of an optical vortex trap', Applied Physics Letters, vol. 92, no. 16, pp. 161111-161111.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

This paper describes the quantitative force mapping of micron-sized particles held in an optical vortex trap. We present a simple and efficient model, which accounts for the diffraction of the strongly localized optical field of the tightly focused laser beam, the spherical aberration introduced by the dielectric glass-to-water interface, employs the multidipole approximation for force calculations, and is able to reproduce, with quantitative agreement, the experimentally measured force map.

Zharova, N, Sfriso, A, Pavoni, B & Voinov, A 2008, 'Analysis of annual fluctuations of C. nodosa in the Venice lagoon: Modeling approach', Ecological Modelling, vol. 216, no. 2, pp. 134-144.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Zhou, J, Wang, Z & Xiao, C 2008, 'Focal region based volume rendering by texture mapping and GPU based approach', Jisuanji Fuzhu Sheji Yu Tuxingxue Xuebao Journal of Computer Aided Design and Computer Graphics, vol. 20, no. 1, pp. 32-37.
View description>>

This paper presents an approach of using texture mapping and GPU based method for realizing focal region based volume rendering. The proposed method first labels the volumetric data into three parts based on the mechanism of stencil buffer test. Then the data model is rendered using texture mapping method. The approach also adopts GPU-based method to render the context region with volume silhouettes, and also realize the multiple transfer function specification process based on pixel transfer function. The proposed method shows its good performance in the implementation and function extension.

Zhou, J, Xiao, C, Wang, Z & Takatsuka, M 2008, 'A concept of volume rendering guided search process to analyze medical data set', Computerized Medical Imaging and Graphics, vol. 32, no. 2, pp. 140-149.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Zhou, W, Miro, JV & Dissanayake, G 2008, 'Information-Efficient 3-D Visual SLAM for Unstructured Domains', IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ROBOTICS, vol. 24, no. 5, pp. 1078-1087.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

This paper presents a novel vision-based sensory package and an information-efficient simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM) algorithm. Together, we offer a solution for building 3-D dense map in an unknown and unstructured environment with minimal computational costs. The sensory package we adopt consists of a conventional camera and a range imager, which provide range and bearing and elevation inputs as commonly used by 3-D feature-based SLAM. In addition, we propose an algorithm to give the robots the 'intelligence' to select, out of the steadily collected data, the maximally informative observations to be used in the estimation process. We show that, although the actual evaluation of information gain for each frame introduces an additional computational cost, the overall efficiency is significantly increased by keeping the matrix compact. The noticeable advantage of this strategy is that the continuously gathered data are not heuristically segmented prior to being input to the filter. Quite the opposite, the scheme lends itself to be statistically optimal and is capable of handling large datasets collected at realistic sampling rates. © 2008 IEEE.

Zhu, X & Sun, Y 2008, 'Low-distortion low-voltage operational transconductance amplifier', Electronics Letters, vol. 44, no. 25, pp. 1434-1436.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

ZHU, XQ, HAO, H & PENG, XL 2008, 'DYNAMIC ASSESSMENT OF UNDERWATER PIPELINE SYSTEMS USING STATISTICAL MODEL UPDATING', International Journal of Structural Stability and Dynamics, vol. 08, no. 02, pp. 271-297.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

This paper presents a statistical model updating technique for damage detection of underwater pipeline systems via vibration measurements. To verify the reliability of the method, laboratory tests of a scaled pipeline model were carried out in a towing tank. The model includes a plastic pipe and some removable springs which are designed and fabricated to link the pipe and the steel base to simulate the bedding conditions. Different damage scenarios, in terms of location and severity of scouring under the pipe, were simulated by removing one or several springs. The natural frequencies, damping ratios and mode shapes of the pipeline system were extracted from the measured vibrations using a stochastic subspace identification technique. Both the numerical and the experimental results show that the method is effective and reliable in identifying the underwater pipeline bedding conditions and the damage in the pipe structure.

Abdul Rahman, S, Zhang, N & Zhu, J 1970, 'Optimal energy management for plug-in hybrid electric vehicles', Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Mechatronics 2008 (ICOM-08), International Conference on Mechatronics, International Islamic University Malaysia, Malaysia, pp. 1-6.
View description>>

There is a great potential for significant improvement to be made in energy efficiency and reduction in emissions, fuel use, weight and cost of vehicles through implementing innovative technologies. Many automakers have been making great efforts to develop an alternative vehicle that can offer the best solution in reducing the effects of global warming and oil depletion. Such a vehicle will win quick acceptance in the marketplace because of the current high fuel cost. Recently, the plugin hybrid electric vehicle (PHEV) has been identified as one of the most viable technologies to achieve these goals by implementing an optimal energy management system. This paper presents our recent research work on the energy management system for a specific PHEV. The system configuration, analysis, model, control strategy, and simulation results are presented in detail. Recommendations on the directions and areas in which the further research in hybrid vehicle should be aligned are also be included.

Abolhasan, M, Hagelstein, B, Wang, JC-P, Franklin, DR, Safaei, F & Wysocki, T 1970, 'Development and performance evaluation of a flexible, low cost MANET', 2008 2nd International Conference on Signal Processing and Communication Systems, 2008 2nd International Conference on Signal Processing and Communication Systems (ICSPCS 2008), IEEE, Gold coast, Australia, pp. 1-6.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

Performance evaluations of multi-hop ad hoc network routing protocols have been primarily conducted through analytic and simulation-based studies, which frequently fail to accurately predict real-world performance and behaviour. One reason for this is the challenge in developing low cost, representative test beds with the degree of flexibility and mobility required. We have developed a portable wireless ad hoc node (PWAN) device which establishes multi-hop routes using the OLSR routing protocol. The PWAN's performance has been investigated using two test bed configurations to evaluate its capacity under conditions of high node density in a short-range, multi-hop environment. Our results illustrate that such networks are capable of providing high quality connections when traffic density is low. However, the network link quality deteriorates dramatically as the traffic level increases, and the network topology becomes unstable until the traffic level is reduced.

Abolhasan, M, Hagelstein, B, Wang, JC-P, Franklin, DR, Safaei, F & Wysocki, T 1970, 'Development and Performance Evaluation of a Flexible, Low Cost MANET', ICSPCS: 2ND INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON SIGNAL PROCESSING AND COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS, PROCEEDINGS, 2nd International Conference on Signal Processing and Communication Systems, IEEE, Gold Coast, AUSTRALIA, pp. 107-112.

Aboura, K, Samali, B, Crews, K & Li, J 1970, 'Stochastic Deterioration Processes for Bridge Lifetime Assessment', 2008 Third International Conference on Broadband Communications, Information Technology & Biomedical Applications, 2008 Third International Conference on Broadband Communications, Information Technology & Biomedical Applications, IEEE, Pretoria, South Africa, pp. 437-442.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

The Markov chain model can be found in the maintenance and repair problems since the early 60's, is introduced to the maintenance of road infrastructure in the 1980's, and is made to drive the current bridge maintenance optimization systems. While this model results into solvable programming problems and provides a solution, there are a number of criticisms associated with it. In this article, we highlight the shortfalls of the Markov model for bridge infrastructure lifetime assessment and promote the use of stochastic processes. We use examples from a study for the modeling of the condition of bridges that considers more than 15 years of data. We argue for the applicability of the gamma process and other stochastic processes. © 2008 IEEE.

Aboura, K, Samali, B, Crews, K & Li, J 1970, 'Stochastic processes for modelling bridge deterioration', Futures in Mechanics of Structures and Materials - Proceedings of the 20th Australasian Conference on the Mechanics of Structures and Materials, ACMSM20, Australasian Conference on the Mechanics of Structures and Materials, Taylor and Francis Group, Toowoomba, pp. 533-538.
View description>>

Traditionally, bridge management systems were designed using Markov chain models. Recently, researchers applied the gamma process successfully to structural deterioration problems. The stochastic process captures the temporal variability of degradation, and has been applied to a range of problems in structures. We report on a study for the modelling of the condition of bridges in the state of NSW. The study encompasses large amounts of data spanning more than 15 years. We argue for the applicability of the gamma process and other stochastic processes. While the gamma process has been adopted in the past decade on grounds of mathematical tractability and physical motivation, we also observe another distribution for the deterioration at different times. The finding promotes the stochastic process modelling direction taken in the past decade and brings forth new models for the time-dependent reliability analysis of bridges. © 2009 Taylor & Francis Group, London.

Adistambha, K, Ritz, CH & Burnett, IS 1970, 'Motion classification using Dynamic Time Warping', 2008 IEEE 10th Workshop on Multimedia Signal Processing, 2008 IEEE 10th Workshop on Multimedia Signal Processing (MMSP), IEEE, pp. 622-627.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

Automatic generation of metadata is an important component of multimedia search-by-content systems as it both avoids the need for manual annotation as well as minimising subjective descriptions and human errors. This paper explores the automatic attachment of basic descriptions (or 'Tags') to human motion held in a motion-capture database on the basis of a Dynamic Time Warping (DTW) approach. The captured motion is held in the Acclaim ASF/AMC format commonly used in game and movie motion capture work and the approach allows for the comparison and classification of motion from different subjects. The work analyses the bone rotations important to a small set of movements and results indicate that only a small set of examples is required to perform reliable motion classification. © 2008 IEEE.

Adistambha, K, Ritz, CH & Burnett, IS 1970, 'Motion Classification Using Dynamic Time Warping', 2008 IEEE 10TH WORKSHOP ON MULTIMEDIA SIGNAL PROCESSING, VOLS 1 AND 2, 10th IEEE Workshop on Multimedia Signal Processing, IEEE, AUSTRALIA, Cairns, pp. 626-+.

Agrawal, A, Kejalakshmy, N, Tian, F, Rahman, BMA & Grattan, KTV 1970, 'A quasi-crystal spiral photonic crystal fiber: Modal solutions and dispersion properties', Optics InfoBase Conference Papers.
View description>>

A novel quasi crystal spiral design for a Photonic Crystal Fiber is optimized by the Finite Element method. The fiber dispersion can be designed to have large negative values by tuning the design parameters. ©2007 Optical Society of America.

Aguilera, RP, Quevedo, DE, Summers, TJ & Lezana, P 1970, 'Predictive Control Algorithm Robustness for Achieving Fault Tolerance in Multicell Converters', IECON 2008: 34TH ANNUAL CONFERENCE OF THE IEEE INDUSTRIAL ELECTRONICS SOCIETY, VOLS 1-5, PROCEEDINGS, 34th Annual Conference of the IEEE-Industrial-Electronics-Society, IEEE, Orlando, FL, pp. 3193-+.

Aguilera, RP, Quevedo, DE, Summers, TJ & Lezana, P 1970, 'Predictive control algorithm robustness for achieving fault tolerance in multicell converters', 2008 34th Annual Conference of IEEE Industrial Electronics, IECON 2008 - 34th Annual Conference of IEEE Industrial Electronics Society, IEEE, pp. 3302-3308.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

Multilevel Converters (MCs) have emerged as a promising alternative to traditional two level converters. MCs use an arrangement of several semiconductors to synthesize high quality output voltage levels. Unfortunately, as a consequence of using more switching elements, MCs are, in general, more likely to be affected by faults, than their two level counterparts. In this paper, we propose a finite set constrained predictive control method for MCs, which is aimed at achieving robustness to failures in the semiconductors. We focus on three-phase multicell flying capacitor converters and show that, by carefully designing switching sequences, faults can be isolated from measurements provided by a single voltage sensor per phase. When faults occur, the proposed controller reconfigures the converter to provide to the load voltages which are similar to those obtained under normal, i.e., fault free, operating conditions. © 2008 IEEE.

Ahmad, MR, Dutkiewicz, E & Huang, X 1970, 'MAC Protocol for Cooperative MIMO Transmissions in Asynchronous Wireless Sensor Networks', 2008 INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON COMMUNICATIONS AND INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES, International Symposium on Communication and Information Technologies, IEEE, Vientiane, LAOS, pp. 579-+.

Ahmad, MR, Dutkiewicz, E & Huang, X 1970, 'MAC Protocol for Cooperative MIMO Transmissions in Asynchronous Wireless Sensor Networks', 2008 International Symposium on Communications and Information Technologies, 2008 International Symposium on Communications and Information Technologies (ISCIT), IEEE, pp. 580-585.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

Cooperative MIMO schemes can reduce both transmission energy and latency in distributed wireless sensor networks (WSNs). In this paper we develop a new Cooperative low power listening (LPL) Medium Access Control (MAC) protocol for two cooperative MIMO schemes: Optimal Beamforming (BF) and Spatial Multiplexing (SM). We develop analytical models for the total energy consumption and packet latency for both schemes and analyse the proposed MAC protocol in term of the total energy consumption and packet latency with imperfect synchronisation due to clock jitter. The impact of the clock jitter, the check interval and the number of cooperative nodes on the total energy consumption and latency are investigated. We observe that the Cooperative LPL MAC with Optimal BF is the most promising configuration and it is optimal when then number of co-operating nodes M=2 and jitter difference is below 0.6Tb. © 2008 IEEE.

Ahmad, MR, Dutkiewicz, E & Huang, X 1970, 'Performance evaluation of MAC protocols for cooperative MIMO transmissions in sensor networks', Proceedings of the 5th ACM symposium on Performance evaluation of wireless ad hoc, sensor, and ubiquitous networks, MSWiM '08: The 11th ACM International Conference on Modeling, Analysis and Simulation of Wireless and Mobile Systems, ACM, Vancouver, CANADA, pp. 54-62.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Ahmad, MR, Dutkiewicz, E & Xiaojing 1970, 'Performance analysis of MAC protocol for cooperative MIMO transmissions in WSN', 2008 IEEE 19th International Symposium on Personal, Indoor and Mobile Radio Communications, 2008 IEEE 19th International Symposium on Personal, Indoor and Mobile Radio Communications (PIMRC), IEEE, Cannes, FRANCE, pp. 1-6.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Ahmed, N, Yifei Dong, Kanhere, SS, Jha, S, Rutten, M, Bessell, T & Gordon, N 1970, 'Performance evaluation of a wireless sensor network based tracking system', 2008 5th IEEE International Conference on Mobile Ad Hoc and Sensor Systems, 2008 5th IEEE International Conference on Mobile Ad Hoc and Sensor Systems (MASS), IEEE, pp. 163-172.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Alavi, AH, Heshmati, AA, Gandomi, AH, Askarinejad, A & Mirjalili, M 1970, 'Utilisation of Computational Intelligence Techniques for Stabilised Soil', Civil-Comp Proceedings, The Sixth International Conference on Engineering Computational Technology, Civil-Comp Press.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

One of the main objectives of chemical stabilisation is to increase the compressive strength of soils. A wide range of parameters affect the strength improvement in cementitious stabilisation with chemicals. Accordingly, it is difficult to determine some kinds of functional relationships in strength improvement which make the precision of strength prediction to be satisfying. The purpose of the present study is to use two computational intelligence techniques namely, multilayer perceptron (MLP) and linear genetic programming (LGP), in order to develop the mathematical models to be capable of predicting the unconfined compressive strength. Subsequently, a comparison between these methods was performed in terms of prediction performance. Properties of natural soil such as textural properties, plasticity and linear shrinkage, stabiliser quantities and types (cement, lime, asphalt), for a wide range of soil types were used in order to generate the mathematical models to be able to predict the compressive strength as a quality of stabilised soil. A comprehensive set of data including 219 previously published stabilised unconfined compressive strength experimental determinations were utilised to develop the models. © 2008 Civil-Comp Press.

Alavi, AH, Heshmati, AA, Salehzadeh, H, Gandomi, AH & Askarinejad, A 1970, 'Soft Computing Based Approaches for High Performance Concrete', Civil-Comp Proceedings, The Sixth International Conference on Engineering Computational Technology, Civil-Comp Press.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

Different parameters influence the compressive strength and workability properties of high performance concrete (HPC) mixes. Accordingly, an extensive understanding of relation between these parameters and properties of the resulting matrix is required for developing a standard mix design procedure for HPC mix. The complex behaviour of strength and workability improvement and a need to avoid trying several mix proportions to generate a successful mix suggest the necessity to develop comprehensive mathematical models to be able to evaluate the performance characteristics of HPC mixes with high accuracy. Therefore, in this paper, linear genetic programming (LGP) is utilised for the first time in the literature, to develop mathematical models to be able to predict the strength and slump flow of HPC mixes from the influencing parameters. Subsequently, the LGP based prediction results are compared with the results of proposed multilayer perceptron (MLP) in terms of prediction performance. Sand cement ratio, coarse aggregate cement ratio, water cement ratio, percentage of silica fume and percentage of superplasticiser are used as the input variables to the models to predict the strength and slump flow of HPC mixes. A reliable database was obtained from the previously published literature in order to develop the models. © 2008 Civil-Comp Press.

Alempijevic, A, Kodagoda, S & Dissanayake, G 1970, 'Sensor registration for robotic applications', FIELD AND SERVICE ROBOTICS: RESULTS OF THE 6TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE, International Conference on Field and Service Robotics, Springer, France, pp. 233-242.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

Multi-sensor data fusion plays an essential role in most robotic applications. Appropriate registration of information from different sensors is a fundamental requirement in multi-sensor data fusion. Registration requires significant effort particularly when sensor signals do not have direct geometric interpretations, observer dynamics are unknown and occlusions are present. In this paper, we propose Mutual Information (MI) based sensor registration which exploits the effect of a common cause in the observed space on the sensor outputs that does not require any prior knowledge of relative poses of the observers. Simulation results are presented to substantiate the claim that the algorithm is capable of registering the sensors in the presence of substantial observer dynamics. © 2008 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg.

Al-Oqaily, A, Kennedy, PJ, Catchpoole, D & Simoff, S 1970, 'Comparison of visualization methods of genome-wide SNP profiles in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukaemia', Conferences in Research and Practice in Information Technology Series, Australian Data Mining Conference, Australian Computer Society, Adelaide, Australia, pp. 111-121.
View description>>

Data mining and knowledge discovery have been applied to datasets in various industries including biomedical data. Modelling, data mining and visualization in biomedical data address the problem of extracting knowledge from large and complex biomedical data. The current challenge of dealing with such data is to develop statistical-based and data mining methods that search and browse the underlying patterns within the data. In this paper, we employ several data reduction methods for visualizing genome- wide Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP) datasets based on state-of-art data reduction techniques. Visualization approach has been selected based on the trustworthiness of the resultant visualizations. To deal with large amounts of genetic variation data, we have chosen to apply different data reduction methods to deal with the problem induced by high dimensionality. Based on the trustworthiness metric we found that neighbour Retrieval Visualizer (NeRV) outperformed other methods. This method optimizes the retrieval quality of Stochastic neighbour Embedding. The quality measure of the visualization (i.e. NeRV) showed excellent results, even though the dataset was reduced from 13917 to 2 dimensions. The visualization results will assist clinicians and biomedical researchers in understanding the systems biology of patients and how to compare different groups of clusters in visualizations. © 2008, Australian Computer Society, Inc.

Altarawneh, M, Radny, MW, Smith, PV, Mackie, JC, Kennedy, EM & Dlugogorski, BZ 1970, 'Adsorption of chlorophenol on the Cu(111) surface: A first-principles density functional theory study', Applied Surface Science, Elsevier BV, pp. 4218-4224.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Amailef, K & Lu, J 1970, 'm-Government: A Framework of Mobile-based Emergency Response Systems', 2008 3rd International Conference on Intelligent System and Knowledge Engineering, Vols 1 and 2, International Conference on Intelligent Systems and Knowledge Engineering, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc., Xiamen, China, pp. 1398-1403.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

Mobile government (m-Government) is the next inevitable direction of evolution of e-Government. A mobile-based emergency response system (MERS) is one of the important m-Government services. A MERS under m-Government platform is a mobile-based information system designed to let people get help from the government in an emergency situation. It also makes the use of mobile technologies to assist the government to get information and make decisions in responding disasters anytime and anywhere. This paper presents a framework of MERS which has five main components (register, monitoring, analysis, decision support, and warning) aiming to provide a new function and service to m-Government. The proposed MERS framework would also offer a new opportunity to interact between government, citizens, responders, and other non-government agencies in emergency situations.

Amati, F, Barthassat, V, Deletraz, M, Garcia-Paillard, M, Gay, V, Joly, C, Layat-Blyweert, V, Miganne, G, Rodriguez, M & Golay, A 1970, 'A one day outpatient motivational workshop to enhance physical activity', INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OBESITY, 16th European Congress on Obesity, NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP, SWITZERLAND, Geneva, pp. S168-S168.

Anderson, D & Crews, K 1970, 'Bridging the Gap – A Design Process Case Study for an “Intelligent” Footbridge', IABSE Conference, Helsinki 2008: Information and Communication Technology (ICT) for Bridges, Buildings and Construction Practice, IABSE Conference, Helsinki 2008: Information and Communication Technology (ICT) for Bridges, Buildings and Construction Practice, International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering (IABSE), Helsinki, Finland, pp. 7-14.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

This paper presents details of a research project that has been undertaken at the University of Technology, Sydney by a multidisciplinary team to develop a framework model that synthesises architectural, engineering and construction processes for intelligent buildings with sustainable performance characteristics. A significance aspect of this project is the bridging of the traditional gap that exists between Architecture, Engineering and Construction professions in Australia. The focus of the first stage of this research has been to undertake design of a complex form footbridge using various software packages to undertake concept design using digital architecture, visualisation and modelling of structural performance of the finished bridge. In order to achieve this synthesis in design, a number of interoperability issues have been identified. The paper presents details of the project and discuss how various design and knowledge creation issues have been addressed, as well as how it is proposed to develop the framework model in the future, for more complex problems.

Aoki, Y, Sri Ravindrarajah, R & Khabbaz, H 1970, 'Environmentally friendly sustainable pervious concrete', Futures in Mechanics of Structures and Materials Proceedings of the 20th Australasian Conference on the Mechanics of Structures and Materials Acmsm20, Australasian Conference on the Mechanics of Structures and Materials, Taylor & Francis Group, Toowoomba, Queensland, Australia, pp. 567-570.
View description>>

Portland cement is considered as one of the environmentally unfriendly materials due to its contribution to the increased liberation of carbon dioxide to the environment during production. In addition to its impervious nature, when it is used for pavement application, it contributes to increased stormwater runoff to drainage systems, over-burdening the infrastructure and causing excessive flooding in built-up areas. This paper presents the results of an experimental investigation associated with quantifying the properties of pervious concrete containing fly ash, up to 50% as partial replacement for cement. The main goal of this research is to promote the utilisation of fly ash for developing durable and sustainable pervious concrete, which creates less negative environmental impacts. © 2009 Taylor & Francis Group, London.

Arathoon, SC, Fazall, A, Hussain, OK, Hussain, FK, Chang, E & IEEE 1970, 'Ontological Manifestation of Product Risk in Service Oriented Environment', 2008 6TH INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON INTELLIGENT SYSTEMS AND INFORMATICS, International Symposium on Intelligent Systems and Informatics, IEEE, Subotica, SERBIA, pp. 302-307.
View description>>

Risk is omnipresent in all the interactions that we carry out. Quantifying and making risk-based assessments and decisions is very important especially in the case of business interactions. However in the existing literature there is no ontological manif

Arya, V, Duffield, NG & Veitch, D 1970, 'Temporal Delay Tomography', 2008 Proceedings IEEE INFOCOM - The 27th Conference on Computer Communications, 27th IEEE International Conference on Computer Communications (INFOCOM 2008), IEEE, IEEE.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Aseeri, A, Wongthongtham, P, Wu, C & Hussain, FK 1970, 'Towards social network based ontology Evolution Wiki for an ontology evolution', Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Information Integration and Web-based Applications & Services, iiWAS08: 10th International Conference on Information Integration and Web-based Applications & Services, ACM, pp. 500-502.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

There is a lack of well-maintained ontologies thus ontology evolution now becomes an important filed of ontology research. The evolution may reflect new categories of systems being evaluated on broader and different understandings of certain concepts and relations. Alternatively ontologies evolve because the conceptualization improves. For ontology evolution, we focus in this paper a social network based approach in which the user community has direct control over the evolution of the ontologies. Ontologies can be enriched, learnt, and obtained from social network users using various empirical techniques. In this paper, we ground the social network based approach on the philosophy of wikis so called ontology Evolution Wiki. © 2008 ACM.

Aubrey, TA & Aboura, K 1970, 'Bandwidth utilisation for volume-to-volume UWB MIMO communications', 2008 3rd International Symposium on Wireless Pervasive Computing, 2008 3rd International Symposium on Wireless Pervasive Computing (ISWPC), IEEE, Santorini, Greece, pp. 88-92.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

Previous studies have investigated communications between regions of space and have considered the effect of antenna volume in determining the theoretical capacity of multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) communications systems. In this paper the effects of antenna 1volume on available bandwidth for MIMO systems is considered. It is demonstrated that while higher order modal connections can be established even for small antennas that a fundamental limitation on bandwidth exists. This limitation becomes important for ultra-wide band (UWB) communications systems. © 2008 IEEE.

Azadeh, A, Saberi, M, Javanmardi, L & Azaron, A 1970, 'Developing expert system on decision making unit efficiency', 2008 IEEE International Symposium on Industrial Electronics, 2008 IEEE International Symposium on Industrial Electronics (ISIE 2008), IEEE, pp. 809-816.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

Efficiency is a key concept for financial institutions. As personnel specifications have greatest impact on efficiency, they can help us designing work environments for maximizing efficiency. Providing information on multiple input and output factors are a complicated and time consuming procedure. Developing expert system in this situation is hard. This paper proposed a procedure that solved mentioned problem. At first, the integrated approach determining important attributes and then expert system is developed. The integrated approach uses Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) and Data Mining tools. DEA is used for DMUs efficiency evaluation. Artificial Neural Network (ANN) and Cross Validation Test Technique (CVTT) are used for precision testing and forecasting and finally DEA is again utilized for identification of attributes importance. ANN is used for determining important attributes and developing expert system. As well, K-means algorithm is used in developing expert system. A Procedure is proposed to developing expert system with mentioned tools and completed rule base. The constructed expert system helps managers to forecast DMUs efficiencies by selected attributes and grouping inferred efficiency. Also, they can assess new situation before happening and compare with present situation. The proposed integrated approach is applied to an actual banking system and its superiorities and advantages are discussed. © 2008 IEEE.

Azadeh, A, Saberi, M, Javanmardi, L & Azaron, A 1970, 'Developing Expert System on Decision Making Unit Efficiency', 2008 IEEE INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON INDUSTRIAL ELECTRONICS, VOLS 1-5, IEEE International Symposium on Industrial Electronics, IEEE, Cambridge, ENGLAND, pp. 232-+.

Azadeh, A, Seraj, O & Saberi, M 1970, 'A Total Fuzzy Regression Algorithm for Energy Consumption Estimation', 2008 6TH IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INDUSTRIAL INFORMATICS, VOLS 1-3, 6th IEEE International Conference on Industrial Informatics, IEEE, Daejeon, SOUTH KOREA, pp. 1466-+.

Azadeh, A, Seraj, O & Saberi, M 1970, 'A total fuzzy regression algorithm for energy consumption estimation', 2008 6th IEEE International Conference on Industrial Informatics, 2008 6th IEEE International Conference on Industrial Informatics (INDIN), IEEE, pp. 1562-1568.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

This study presents an integrated fuzzy regression and time series algorithm to estimate and predict electricity demand for seasonal and monthly changes in electricity consumption especially in developing countries such as China and Iran. Furthermore, it is diy Least-Squares Regression, Fuzzy Mathematical model kand styding theri advantages, thebest model is selectedl for estimation. In addition, another unique feature of this study is utillizaiton of Autocorrelation Function (ACF) to define input variable versus trail and error method. Monthyly electricity consumption of Iran form 1992 to 2004 is condidered ad the case of this study. ©2008 IEEE.

Babar, A, Zowghi, D, Cox, K, Tosic, V & ACM 1970, 'Three Integration Approaches for Map and B-SCP Requirements Engineering Techniques', APPLIED COMPUTING 2008, VOLS 1-3, ACM Symposium on Applied Computing, ACM, Fortaleza, Brazil, pp. 650-655.

Babar, AR, Zowghi, D, Cox, K, Tosic, V, Bleistein, S & Verner, J 1970, 'Problem frames and business strategy modelling', Proceedings of the 3rd international workshop on Applications and advances of problem frames, ICSE '08: International Conference on Software Engineering, ACM, Liepzig, Germany, pp. 48-51.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

Requirements engineering describes how an IT implementation will support business functions. Most IT systems are operational in nature and typical requirements engineering techniques and methods are usually adequate in capturing and documenting the requirements for such systems. Jackson’s problem frames is a technique that is suitable for straightforward IT systems descriptions. However, when an organization deploys an IT system that must deliver upon its competitive business strategy, then an appropriate technique or method needs to be used to capture that business strategy in order to connect it to business-critical IT requirements. Here we provide an overview of the use and adaptation of problem frames to connect requirements to business strategy. We found that a simplification of the problem frames notation was necessary and that to be really effective, we had to integrate problem fames with goal modelling and Map, a method that helps describe the evolution of IT over time.

Bachfischer, A, Lawrence, EM, Litchfield, AJ, Dyson, LE & Raban, R 1970, 'Student Perspectives about Using Mobile Devices in Their Studies', IADIS International Conference on Mobile Learning, International Association for Development of the Information Society International Conference, IADIS, Algarve, Portugal, pp. 43-50.

Bagia, R & Sharma, D 1970, 'Environmental Policies v. Energy Security in Australia', Proceedings of 2nd IAEE Asian Conference, The 2nd International Association of Energy Economics Asian Conference, Curtin University of Technology Business School, Perth, Western Australia.
View description>>

Abstract: 'Environment' has lately emerged as a policy issue of immense significance in Australia. Two of the most recently released reports on the topic, namely, Garnaut Review and the Australian Government's Green Paper, have established the foundations for a deeper debate on this topic. An early review of these reports, and other literature on this topic, suggests that much of the discussion on the likely impacts of climate change and strategies to mitigate climate-change-inducing greenhouse gases essentially revolves around economic arguments, for example, cost of mitigation, price and other micro- and macro-economic impacts. A lesser emphasis appears, in this debate, to have been placed on another equally strategic dimension associated with this issue, namely, the impacts of various environmental policy initiatives on âenergy securityâ. This paper provides a discussion on this dimension.

Baker, E, Kan, MM, Teo, ST, Onyx, J, Grant, T & Zowghi, D 1970, 'Managing sustainable non-profit network organizations', Proceedings of the Annual Conference of the Administrative Sciences Association of Canada, Annual Conference of the Administrative Sciences Association of Canada, Administrative Sciences Association of Canada, University of Ottawa, Canada, pp. 118-128.
View description>>

We draw upon a case study conducted within a non-profit network organization to propose five dualities which are central to understanding effective management of non-profit networks. We then examine strategies that address these dualities, based on new approaches to leadership, performance measurement, governance, coaching and creative management of dualities.

Balasubramanian, V, Hoang, DB & Ahmad, NF 1970, 'SOAP based Assistive Care Loop using Wireless Sensor Networks', 2008 IEEE INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON IT IN MEDICINE AND EDUCATION, VOLS 1 AND 2, PROCEEDINGS, International Symposium on IT in Medicine and Education, IEEE, Xiamen, China, pp. 409-414.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

There is a growing trend towards in-house health monitoring system. It is now feasible to place a Personal Digital Assistant (PDA) or smart phone in the hands of care-delivery staff and the patients regardless of where they are located or what their duties might be. In such instance, the staff would be able to access records and communicate with patients in a flexible and cost effective way. This paper proposes an Active Care Loop Framework (ACLF). The strength of our ACLF is to monitor disease over longer period of time and to consult patient who are then able to discuss their conditions with the care staff. Where patients need emergency intervention, an assistive health monitoring system can provide a direct communication channel to summon assistance and to enable with managing the situation until the assistance arrives. With a regular schedule of monitoring and consultation, the assistive ACLF has the capacity to forestall and manage non-critical situations and therefore the system can be deployed to minimize the rate and costs of hospitalizations. © 2008 Crown.

Ball, JE & Sakal, A 1970, 'Rainfall spatial variability and uncertainty in real-time flow forecasts', DHI European Conference, Water Across Europe, DHI Group, Dubrovnik, Croatia, pp. 1-11.

Ball, JE, Clark, K & Babister, KM 1970, 'Hydrological modelling using 2-D hydraulic models: Is the approach reasonable?', ICHE-2008 Conference, International Conference on Hydro-Science and Engineering, Testsuro Tsujimotto, Nagoya University, Japan, Nagoya, japan, pp. 1-10.

Bao, CX, Zhu, XQ, Hao, H & Li, ZX 1970, 'Operational modal analysis using correlation-based ARMA models', Proceedings of the 10th International Symposium on Structural Engineering for Young Experts Isseye 2008, 10th International Symposium on Structural Engineering for Young Experts, SCIENCE PRESS BEIJING, Hunan Univ, Changsha, PEOPLES R CHINA, pp. 1459-1464.
View description>>

This paper develops a correlation-based ARMA model for modal parameter identification. Compared to the traditional ARMA algorithm, the correlation-based ARMA algorithm employs the least mean squares (LMS) to determine the optimal order of the ARMA model, and adopts the correlation function of the dynamic response as the input signal. Using LMS, the accuracy of the identified results is optimized at a low computational cost, and the results are also insensitive to noise since the correlation function is used. Numerical simulations show that this algorithm is capable of identifying rather close modes with great accuracy and time efficiency even when highly noisy signal is present. The correlation-based ARMA algorithm is proven to be an efficient, reliable and robust tool for the output-only modal identification.

Bao, CX, Zhu, XQ, Hao, H & Li, ZX 1970, 'Variable modal parameter identification using an improved HHT algorithm', Proceedings of the 10th International Symposium on Structural Engineering for Young Experts Isseye 2008, 10th International Symposium on Structural Engineering for Young Experts, SCIENCE PRESS BEIJING, Hunan Univ, Changsha, PEOPLES R CHINA, pp. 1465-1470.
View description>>

In this study, an improved Hilbert-Huang transform (HHT) algorithm is introduced to analyse nonlinear dynamic response of structures with closely spaced modes and varying modal parameters. In this algorithm, the auto-correlation function of the original response is taken as a substitute of input to reduce the influences from noise, a band-pass filter is proposed for signal pre-processing to ensure better decomposition. An effective intrinsic mode function (IMF) selection procedure is employed to eliminate the pseudo-components while keeping the real mono-components which are complete and almost orthogonal to the original signal. Numerical simulations show that the improved HHT algorithm is effective for the analysis of nonlinear systems with rather close modes and the identification of variable modal parameters. It also provides a precise identification of particular events in the time-frequency space and a physically meaningful interpretation of the nonlinear process.

Baxter, RM, Steinbeck, MJ, Tipper, JL, Rimnac, CM, Parvizi, J, Marcolongo, M & Kurtz, SM 1970, 'Evaluation of methods for optimized periprosthetic tissue digestion', 8th World Biomaterials Congress 2008, p. 961.

Behrens, M, Carmichael, M & Patel, M 1970, 'Designing SANDRA: An autonomous tour guide robot for the University of Technology, Sydney', Proceedings of the 2008 Australasian Conference on Robotics and Automation Acra 2008, Australasian Conference on Robotics and Automation, Australian Robotics and Automation Association, Canberra, pp. 1-7.
View description>>

This paper describes how a team of final year mechatronic engineering students developed an autonomous robotic system intended to act as a tour guide during events such as University open days and explores the opportunities this project presented to extend their knowledge and skills. The specifications of the project required the system to localise and navigate autonomously within a known environment while avoiding collisions with any people or obstacles not included in the prior area map. In addition to these requirements, the system needed to locate humans as potential clients, approach and greet them, offer directions and if required take the guest on a guided tour of the university. While taking the subject Advanced Robotics the students were able to develop a functional first prototype of the system and carry out initial tests. Following the completion of the subject a small number of the students opted to continue working on the project developing a second prototype using the knowledge gained and further enhancing their learning experiences. While this project mainly involved integrating existing well known algorithms, software and hardware, it provided an excellent opportunity to enhance the mechatronic engineering skills of the students involved.

Bennett, DW, Schwitter, BK, Miljak, DG & Khachan, J 1970, 'Online mineral measurement applications using magnetic resonance', Australasian Institute of Mining and Metallurgy Publication Series, pp. 411-414.
View description>>

The performance of prototype magnetic resonance sensors suited to mineral measurement in conveyor, slurry or portable applications is described. The sensors can be positioned around conveyors and modified slurry pipes, providing deep penetration of the sensing field, relative insensitivity to ore surface conditions and high mineral discrimination. Measurements on slurry, concentrates and ores sourced from mine operations are presented for two applications. Firstly, the quantitative measurement of chalcopyrite in slurry was demonstrated in laboratory measurements. In a calibration test, a standard error of 0.1 wt per cent and detection limit of 0.3 wt per cent was obtained. Secondly, results were obtained for the discrimination of iron ore texture. Signals were readily observed using measurement integration times of seconds to several minutes, depending on ore material. The results demonstrate the feasibility of online quantitative analysis of selected minerals in processing applications using magnetic resonance.

Bennett, NS, Cowern, NEB, Paul, S, Lerch, W, Kheyrandish, H, Smith, AJ, Gwilliam, R & Sealy, BJ 1970, 'Vacancy engineering for highly activated &#x2018;diffusionless&#x2019; boron doping in bulk silicon', ESSDERC 2008 - 38th European Solid-State Device Research Conference, ESSDERC 2008 - 38th European Solid-State Device Research Conference, IEEE, Edinburgh, SCOTLAND, pp. 290-293.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Berglund, A & Lister, RF 1970, 'Debating the OO debate: where is the problem?', Conferences in Research and Practice in Information Technology, Vol 68: Koli Calling Proceedings of the Seventh Baltic Sea Conference on Computing Education Research, Baltic Sea Conference on Computing Education Research, Australian Computer Society, Koli National Park, Finland, pp. 171-174.
View description>>

Abstract: In this paper we discuss problems related to the teaching of object-oriented programming (OOP). We argue that more research on how the computer science teacher understands OOP would be beneficial. Our argument takes its point of departure in three sets of studies: (1) an ongoing study on how computer science teachers understand core concepts of OOP, (2) a study of how the teaching of OOP is discussed within the CS community, and (3) a set of studies that discuss the different ways in which CS teachers experience their teaching. This paper reports on an ongoing study of the different ways in which computing science teachers understand object- oriented programming, and what they mean when use the term objects first.. The phenomenographic research approach has been applied to the analysis of a discussion that occurred in the SIGCSE-members mailing list. Two understandings of objects first have been identified: (1) as an extension of imperative programming, and (2) as conceptually different from imperative programming. These two understandings are illustrated via the differing ways in which computing science teachers use the term polymorphism.

Berglund, A, Box, I, Eckerdal, A, Lister, R & Pears, A 1970, 'Learning educational research methods through collaborative research: The PhICER initiative', Conferences in Research and Practice in Information Technology Series, Australasian Computing Education Conference, Australian Computer Society, Wollongong, Australia, pp. 35-42.
View description>>

To accommodate an increasing interest in phenomenography among the computing education research community, the authors of this paper have organised two workshops, or intensive courses, in phenomenography, intended for researchers in computing education at a university level. Although the workshop programs contained lectures and smaller exercises, the emphasis was on preparing one joint publication from each of the workshops. The publication from the first workshop discussed the experience of being a teacher in computing, while the second focused on teachers' experiences of the problems their students encounter when learning computing. The workshops and their impact on the community are discussed in this paper. © 2008, Australian Computer Society, Inc.

Binh Nguyen Thanh & Hoang, DB 1970, 'Building a Plan-supported Grid Collaborative Framework', 2008 Second International Conference on Communications and Electronics, Second International Conference on Communications and Electronics, IEEE, HoiAn, Vietnam, pp. 150-155.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

Grid infrastructure for resources sharing is somewhat stable with the wide acceptance of the open grid services Architecture (OGSA) and web services resource framework (WSRF), but grid framework for collaboration is far from desired. Current grid collaborative frameworks (GCFs) are domain specific and lack of plan-supported capacity. These limitations make them less useful and narrow in scope of application. This paper describes a grid collaborative framework that is both general purpose and plan supported. With the theoretical foundation based on the activity theory and designed on top of existing OGSA infrastructure, our proposed framework aims at accelerating the development of grid collaborative systems that consider working plans as central role.

Bliuc, D, Nguyen, ND, Nguyen, TV, Eisman, JA & Center, JR 1970, 'Predictors of Poor Outcomes Following Osteoporotic Fractures in Elderly Women and Men: Air 18 Year Prospective Study.', JOURNAL OF BONE AND MINERAL RESEARCH, 30th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-for-Bone-and-Mineral-Research, AMER SOC BONE & MINERAL RES, Montreal, CANADA, pp. S59-S59.

Bo Yin, Ambikairajah, E & Fang Chen 1970, 'Improvements on hierarchical language identification based on automatic language clustering', 2008 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing, ICASSP 2008 - 2008 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing, IEEE, Las Vegas, NV, pp. 4241-4244.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Bogg, P, Beydoun, G & Low, G 1970, 'When to Use a Multi-Agent System?', INTELLIGENT AGENTS AND MULTI-AGENT SYSTEMS, PROCEEDINGS, 11th Pacific Rim International Conference on Multi-Agents, SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN, Hanoi, VIETNAM, pp. 98-108.

Bongers, B & Mery Keitel, AS 1970, 'Interactivated Reading Table', Proceedings of the Conference of the Computer-Human Interaction Special Interest Group (CHISIG) of Australia on Computer-Human Interaction, Australian Computer Human Interaction Conference, CHISIG, Cairns, Australia, pp. 1-2.
View description>>

A mixed media reading table has been developed and presented to the public on various occasions. The aim is to create an integrated experience for the users, bringing together traditional media (such as books) with new media (such as video). The table uses RFID technology to link the physical objects to the media content. The project is submitted as a demo for the conference.

Brady, FR, Dyson, LE & Asela, T 1970, 'Indigenous Adoption of Mobile Phones and Oral Culture', Proceedings of the Sixth International Conference on Cultural Attitudes towards Technology and Communication, Cultural Attitudes towards Technology and Communications, Scoool of Information Technology, Murdoch University, Nimes, France, pp. 384-398.
View description>>

Indigenous people around the world are becoming more and more interested in ICT. The aural and graphical characteristics of mobile technology and multimedia, in particular, speak to strengths in Indigenous oral and graphical culture. Yet, despite many successful ICT implementations across the globe, there still remain many questions about Indigenous ICT access and adoption. In order to throw light on some of these issues, this paper examines the adoption and use of mobile phones by Indigenous people and how this fits with Indigenous culture. Specifically, we present a preliminary study of mobile phone adoption on a remote island in the Torres Strait with a special focus on Indigenous orality. The study indicates a number of very interesting issues, including an unexpected use of text messaging on mobile phones, as well as phone calls and text messages in the local language Kala Kawa Ya. We tentatively conclude that not only must ICT fit with cultural strengths such as orality but that it must also match key areas of high motivation, such as communication with family.

Braun, R & Chiang, F 1970, 'A Distributed Active Information Model Enabling Distributed Autonomics in Complex Electronic Enviornments', 2008 Third International Conference on Broadband Communications, Information Technology & Biomedical Applications, 2008 Third International Conference on Broadband Communications, Information Technology & Biomedical Applications, IEEE, pp. 473-479.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

Information modeling plays a central role in managing complexity of the distributed electronic systems. This paper proposes a nature-inspired distributed active information model (DAIM) to enable the local decision-making process, that will fundamentally contribute to a number of complex distributed electronic environments. The consequences from multiple distributed decision-makers give rise to the global goals exhibited by emergent properties. Details of the DAIM model are described in this paper. The validation for this model is also be given via the experimental tests in the discrete event simulator. Performance comparisons show the DAIM model outperforms the conventional information model. © 2008 IEEE.

Bright, C, Lindsay, E, Lowe, DB, Murray, SJ & Liu, D 1970, 'Factors That Impact Learning Outcomes in Both Simulation and Remote Laboratories', Ed-Media 2008: World Conference on Educational Multimedia, Hypermedia and Telecommunications, Educational Multimedia, Hypermedia & Telecommunications, AACE, Vienna, Austria, pp. 6251-6258.

Bucknell, A, Lowe, D & Zowgh, D 1970, 'A method for analysing web systems model alignment', Ausweb 2008 14th Australasian World Wide Web Conference, Australian World Wide Web Conference, Southern Cross University, Ballina, Australia, pp. 17-26.
View description>>

The introduction or modification of IT systems will often lead to the need for consequential changes to the associated business processes. This is particularly true for Web systems, where the system can be much more deeply intertwined with the business processes. The failure to identify these potential impacts early on can lead to major delays or cost increases in the development process, and subsequent redevelopment as the IT system and business processes are appropriately modified to bring them into alignment. We believe that early modelling of the existing business processes, and their relationship to the IT systems, as well as the potential changes to these processes will allow the identification of misalignments in the model which are a reflection of likely misalignments which would exist in the actual processes if the changes were to be implemented. This then will allow rectification of the misalignment much earlier than is currently the case. It is worth noting that his does not necessarily require new modelling notations, but rather the use of existing notations in new ways combined with appropriate analysis tools. This research aims to demonstrate that this identification of misalignments can be achieved using existing modelling notations by applying algorithmic analysis to the information about the business process captured in the model. This can be achieved by integrating this analysis with modelling tools, and hence supporting the identification of likely flaws in a proposed changed business process before that process is actually implemented. This paper presents a proof of concept that demonstrates an approach to analysing the properties of model elements using a constraint-based rule system in conjunction with an existing widely-used modelling tool. © 2008. Andrew Bucknell, David Lowe, Didar Zowghi.

Bulusu, N, Chou, CT, Kanhere, S, Dong, Y, Sehgal, S, Sullivan, D & Blazeski, L 1970, 'Participatory sensing in commerce: Using mobile camera phones to track market price dispersion', the International Workshop on Urban, Community and Social Applications of Networked Sensing Systems - UrbanSense08, the International Workshop on Urban, Community and Social Applications of Networked Sensing Systems - UrbanSense08, Raleigh, USA.

Burnham, DR, Reece, P, López Mago, D, Gutiérrez-Vega, JC & McGloin, D 1970, 'Dynamics of airborne tweezing', SPIE Proceedings, NanoScience + Engineering, SPIE, San Diego, CA, pp. 70381P-70381P.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Cabrera, D, Ferguson, S & Schubert, E 1970, 'PsySound3: An integrated environment for the analysis of sound recordings', Annual Conference of the Australian Acoustical Society AAS 08, pp. 286-292.
View description>>

This paper presents possibilities offered by a computer program for analysing features of sound recordings, PsySound3. A wide variety of spectral and sound level analysis methods are implemented, together with models of loudness, roughness, pitch and binaural spatial analysis. In addition to providing access to these analysis methods, this analysis environment provides a context for easy comparison between analysis methods, which is very useful both for teaching and for the testing and development of models for research applications. The paper shows some of the potential for this by way of example. The software is structured so as to be easily extensible (using the Matlab programming environment), and many extensions are envisaged. Written by the authors and colleagues, PsySound3 is freely available via www.psysound.org.

Cabrera, D, Ferguson, S, Rizwi, F & Schubert, E 1970, 'PsySound3: a program for the analysis of sound recordings', The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, Acoustical Society of America (ASA), pp. 3247-3247.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

This paper demonstrates the sound analysis software PsySound3, which was written by the authors. The software currently includes a range of DSP-based analysis techniques (e.g., spectrum, cepstrum, autocorrelation, Hilbert transform, sound level meter emulator), as well as implementations of psychoacoustical algorithms often associated with sound quality (e.g., loudness, sharpness, loudness fluctuation, roughness, pitch, binaural attributes). In some cases, PsySound3 makes available multiple models of the one auditory attribute - for example it implements dynamic and static loudness models using Erb- and Bark-based auditory filters. The program is extensible, and so has the potential to allow researchers to share their analysis models using a common interface. PsySound3 is written in Matlab, and is also available as a stand-alone program. The software is freely available from www.psysound.org.

Caddis, BM, Jempson, MA, Ball, JE & Syme, WJ 1970, 'Incorporating hydrology into 2D hydraulic models - The direct rainfall approach', 9th National Conference on Hydraulics in Water Engineering 2008, National Conference on Hydraulics in Water Engineering, Engineers Australia, Darwin, Australia, pp. 1-7.
View description>>

Traditionally, flood modelling has involved two distinct stages. Firstly, hydrological analysis enables the analyst to quantify the flow of water within a watercourse during any particular rainfall event. For this process a lumped approach is usually adopted. Each sub-catchment is assigned a spatial average for each model variable, and the rainfall-runoff process is simulated using simplistic storage and routing based equations. The second stage involves a hydraulic analysis where the mechanisms of flow along watercourses and across floodplains are defined. Hydraulic analysis is commonly undertaken using a one or two-dimensional solution of the free-surface flow equations. In the case of two-dimensional modelling, the spatial variability of model variables is at a much finer resolution than the hydrological modelling. The application of rainfall directly onto a 2D hydraulic model grid offers an alternative approach for modelling the rainfall-runoff process. This direct rainfall approach appeals to the practitioner when modelling urban catchments where the hydraulic model is required over a significant proportion of the catchment. This paper contains a summary of a study undertaken which compares the results of a direct rainfall model to the results of a conventional two stage flood modelling process. It will be shown that by adjusting values assigned for surface roughness and rainfall losses, similar results can be achieved to those from the conventional approach. It is then discussed how the loss modelling mechanism can be refined to compliment the distributed nature of the direct rainfall modelling approach. The Green-Ampt infiltration model is used to highlight the influence that surface ponding can have on the infiltration capacity of the soil. The ongoing investigation plans to show how application of a more complex infiltration model can affect the solution of a two-dimensional hydrodynamic runoff-routing model. Ground cover and composition, conti...

Cao, L 1970, 'Behavior Informatics and Analytics: Let Behavior Talk', 2008 IEEE International Conference on Data Mining Workshops, 2008 IEEE International Conference on Data Mining Workshops (ICDMW), IEEE, Pisa, Italy, pp. 87-96.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

Behavior is increasingly recognized as a key component in business intelligence and problem-solving. Different from traditional behavior analysis, which mainly focus on implicit behavior and explicit business appearance as a result of business usage and customer demographics, this paper proposes the field of Behavior Informatics and Analytics (BIA), to support explicit behavior involvement through a conversion from transactional data to behavioral data, and further genuine analysis of native behavior patterns and impacts. BIA consists of key components including behavior modeling and representation, behavioral data construction, behavior impact modeling, behavior pattern analysis, and behavior presentation. BIA can greatly complement the existing means for combined, more informative and social patterns and solutions for critical problem-solving in areas such as dealing with customer-officer interaction, counterterrorism and monitoring online communities.

Cao, L 1970, 'Metasynthetic Computing for Solving Open Complex Problems', 2008 32nd Annual IEEE International Computer Software and Applications Conference, 2008 32nd Annual IEEE International Computer Software and Applications Conference, IEEE, Turku, Finland, pp. 896-901.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

Complex systems, in particular, open complex giant systems have become one of major challenges to many current disciplines such as system sciences, cognitive sciences, intelligence sciences, computer sciences, and information sciences. An appropriate methodology for dealing with them is the theory of qualitative-to-quantitative metasynthesis. From the perspective of engineering, we propose the concept of metasynthetic computing. This paper discusses the theoretical framework, problem-solving process and intelligence emergence of metasynthetic computing from both engineering and cognition perspectives. These efforts can help one understand complex systems and design effective problem-solving systems.

Cao, L, Luo, D, Xiao, Y & Zheng, Z 1970, 'Agent Collaboration for Multiple Trading Strategy Integration.', KES-AMSTA, International KES Symposium on Agents and Multiagent systems - Technologies and Applications, Springer, Incheon, Korea,, pp. 361-370.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

The collaboration of agents can undertake complicated tasks that cannot be handled well by a single agent. This is even true for excecuting multiple goals at the same time. In this paper, we demonstrate the use of trading agent collaboration in integrating multiple trading strategies. Trading agents are used for developing quality trading strategies to support smart actions in the market. Evolutionary trading agents are armed with evolutionary computing capability to optimize strategy parameters. To develop even smarter trading strategies (we call golden strategies), multiple Evolutionary and Collaborative trading agents negotiate with each other for m loops to search multiple local strategies with best parameter combinations. They also integrate multiple classes of strategies for trading agents to achieve the best global objectives acceptable for trader needs. Tests of five classes of trading strategies in ten years of five markets of data have shown that agent collaboration for strategy integration can achieve much better performance of trading compared with that of either individually optimized or randomly chosen strategies. © 2008 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg.

Carelli, MD, Mycoff, CW, Garrone, P, Locatelli, G, Mancini, M, Ricotti, ME, Trianni, A & Trucco, P 1970, 'Competitiveness of Small-Medium, New Generation Reactors: A Comparative Study on Capital and O&M Costs', Volume 4: Structural Integrity; Next Generation Systems; Safety and Security; Low Level Waste Management and Decommissioning; Near Term Deployment: Plant Designs, Licensing, Construction, Workforce and Public Acceptance, 16th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering, ASMEDC, Orlando, FL, pp. 499-506.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

Smaller size reactors are going to be an important component of the worldwide nuclear renaissance. An inappropriate application of the economy of scale would label the small-medium size reactors as not economically competitive with larger plants because of capital costs ($/kWe) and O&M costs ($/kWh) that would appear to be significantly higher. However, the economy of scale applies only if the considered designs are similar, which is not the case here, since the small size allows original design solutions not accessible to large size reactors. In the paper the historical trend of capital costs vs. plant size is estimated from literature, and a reference exponent factor for the economy of scale for the light water reactor is derived. Then the paper identifies and briefly discusses the various factors which, beside size, contribute in differentiating the capital cost of smaller reactors with respect to large reactors. In this reference frame the evaluation for of the following factors is provided: · design characteristics · modular build · multiple units · accelerated learning in construction · operation, and shorter construction time. The IRIS reactor is used as the example of small modular reactor (SMR), but the analysis and conclusions are applicable to the whole spectrum of small nuclear plants. The results show that when all these factors are accounted for in a set of realistic and comparable configurations, and with the same power installed in the site, the capital costs of small and large plants installations are practically equivalent. Considering the O&M cost the paper shows how the plant size is not the only and fundamental cost driver. In fact there is a range of other factors (e.g. location, regulatory issues, capacity factor, plant obsolescence and number of reactors on a site) able to influence the annual O&M cost for a specific plant. The paper provides a preliminary evaluation of these factors by historical analysis of ...

Catley, C, Stratti, H & McGregor, C 1970, 'Multi-dimensional temporal abstraction and data mining of medical time series data: Trends and challenges', 2008 30th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, 2008 30th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, IEEE, Vancouver, CANADA, pp. 4322-4325.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Center, JR, Bliuc, D, Nguyen, TV & Eisman, JA 1970, 'Substantial Adverse Outcomes Follow Non-Hip Non-Vertebral Fragility Fractures.', JOURNAL OF BONE AND MINERAL RESEARCH, 30th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-for-Bone-and-Mineral-Research, AMER SOC BONE & MINERAL RES, Montreal, CANADA, pp. S18-S18.

Cetindamar, D & Pala, O 1970, 'The relationship between CTO and performance', PICMET '08 - 2008 Portland International Conference on Management of Engineering & Technology, Technology, IEEE, Univ Pretoria, Cape Town, SOUTH AFRICA, pp. 42-49.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Chaivongvilan, S & Sharma, D 1970, 'A Comprehensive Framework for Analysing Long-term Energy Scenarios for Thailand', International Conference on Energy Security and Climate Change: Issues, Strategies, and Options (ESCC 2008), International Conference on Energy Security and Climate Change: Issues, Strategies, and Options (ESCC 2008), Asian Institute of Technology, Bangkok, Thailand, pp. 1-9.

Chan, KY, Zhu, HL, Lau, CC, Ling, SH & IEEE 1970, 'Gene Signature Selection for Cancer Prediction Using an Integrated Approach of Genetic Algorithm and Support Vector Machine', 2008 IEEE CONGRESS ON EVOLUTIONARY COMPUTATION, VOLS 1-8, IEEE Congress on Evolutionary Computation, IEEE, Hong Kong, PEOPLES R CHINA, pp. 217-224.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Chanan, AP, ghetti, I & Kandasamy, JK 1970, 'From El Nino to La Nina and Back: Challenges of managing coastal areas through climate change', IWA World Water Congress 2008, Vienna, Austria, IWA World Water Congress, IWA Publishing, Vienna, Austria, pp. 113-114.
View description>>

In Australia (particularly eastern Australia), La Niña events are associated with increased probability of wetter conditions, whereas El Niño events are associated with an increased probability of drier conditions For an urbanised coastal council like Kogarah there are a number of impacts associated with climate change. For instance, the risk of flood may be increased due to more intense rainfalls, when couple with rising sea levels. Coastal Councils may also experience increased coastal flooding and coastal erosion due to increased storm surges and rising sea levels. Water restrictions are already in place due to severe droughts and it is further predicted that councils will have limited water supply available for irrigation needed to provide parks and well-maintained sporting facilities for the community. Given that the science of climate change is not an exact science there are obvious technical and socio-political challenges that are to be addressed. The paper shares Kogarah Councils experiences in dealing with these challenges and provides a snapshot of programs currently being implemented in response to climate change. By investing in proactive measure to reduce risk and vulnerability it is possible to build a powerful resilience to climate change.

Chanan, AP, Kandasamy, JK & Sharma, D 1970, 'A Role for Input-Output Analysis in Urban Water Policy Decisions in Australia', Input - Output & Environment Website, Input - Output & Environment, IIOA, Saville Spain, pp. 1-18.
View description>>

Discussion on water reuse and its role in sustainable water resource management in Australia has been on the agenda of policy makers and scientific community for the last three decades. Despite that, promulgation of water reuse especially in metropolitan Australia has been a rather slow process. To advance sustainable urban water management, water policy shift towards `co-management and `higher value use is critical. Input Output Analysis provides an ideal mechanism for water policy makers to prepare a case for this much needed policy shift. The paper discusses the methodology available for such an exercise, with special reference to Kogarah Local Government Area, located within the Sydney Metropolitan.

Chang, E & Hussain, FK 1970, 'Editors Page', 2008 2nd IEEE International Conference on Digital Ecosystems and Technologies, 2008 2nd IEEE International Conference on Digital Ecosystems and Technologies (DEST), IEEE, pp. viii-ix.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Cheah, C, Ball, JE & Cox, R 1970, 'Kinematic wave modelling of surface runoff quality for small urban catchments', Website Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Urban Drainage, International Conference on Urban Drainage, International Association of Hydraulic Engineering and Res (IAHR)/International Water Associan (IWA), Edinburgh, Scotland, pp. 1-10.
View description>>

Various stormwater models have been employed to simulate runoff quality on urban catchments. Yet, it was found that they were unable to reproduce the historical pollutographs or loadographs accurately and reliably. This can be attributed to the fact that runoff quality processes such as the entrainment and erosion mechanisms of pollutants from surfaces are poorly understood. As a result, either simple conceptual models or empirical expressions that require extensive calibration were used instead. To attain better prediction of sediment loads and pollutant constituents, the variable runoff depth on the catchment surface has to be accounted for and the hydrological processes taking place ought to be replicated by the model. This is possible by adopting the kinematic wave approach in routing runoff over the surfaces.

Cheah, C, Ball, JE & Cox, R 1970, 'Modelling Roof runoff in a Small Urban Catchment', Proceedings of Water Down Under 2008, Water Down Under 2008, Australian Engineers Association, Adelaide, Australia, pp. 398-408.
View description>>

The conventional approach to modelling urban stormwater runoff Is to view the different impervious surfaces in a catchment as having the same characteristics and producing similar responses to rainfall during storm events. However, consideration of the literature shows that differences exist between these individual surfaces, as evident In the variation of pollutant loads coming off the impervious surfaces within a catchment such as roads and roofs, Relativeiy few studies have been undertaken to model roof runoff exclusively. This research, therefore, focuses on the simulation of roof runoff using a hydrologic model based on kinematic wave theory to differentiate and compare the runoff processes taking place on a roof surface to its road counterpart. A field monitoring station has been established adjacent to a roof catchment so that sufficient hydrologic data can be obtained during storm events for model calibration and validation. Initial testing revealed that the model performs satisfactorily and provides predictions well within the acceptable accuracy. This roof runoff model will form the basis for the development of a model that will simulate roof runoff quality. Results from this study are useful in view of the implementation of Water Sensitive Urban Design (WSUD) concepts in urban stormwater management through enabling better estimation of the catchment contaminant loads from different urban catchment surfaces.

Chen, C, Yang, P, Zhou, X & Dong, D 1970, 'A Quantum-inspired Q-learning Algorithm for Indoor Robot Navigation', 2008 IEEE International Conference on Networking, Sensing and Control, 2008 IEEE International Conference on Networking, Sensing and Control (ICNSC), IEEE, pp. 1599-1603.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Chen, C-H, Liu, Y-C, Lin, C-J & Lin, C-T 1970, 'A hybrid of cooperative particle swarm optimization and cultural algorithm for neural fuzzy networks', 2008 IEEE International Conference on Fuzzy Systems (IEEE World Congress on Computational Intelligence), 2008 IEEE 16th International Conference on Fuzzy Systems (FUZZ-IEEE), IEEE, Hong Kong, PEOPLES R CHINA, pp. 238-245.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Chen, G, Chen, J, Guo, Y & Zhu, J 1970, 'Synthetic design of the transformer in flyback switching AC-DC converters', Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Electrical Machines and Systems Icems 2008, World Publishing Corporation, Wuhan, China, pp. 1871-1874.
View description>>

This paper presents the synthetic design of the transformer in flyback switching AC-DC converters. Firstly, the maximal power transferred by a standard size magnetic core such as EE-20 or EE-25 is theoretically determined. To obtain accurate analysis, a method based on the nonlinear finite element analysis (FEA) of electromagnetic field is employed. Secondly, from the view of reducing the maximal magnetic flux density in the transformer with the same power, it is proved that the discontinuous conducting mode has more advantages than the continuous conducting mode. Several rules for designing the transformer are presented. As an example, the transformer of an existing converter is re-designed by using the proposed approach. With a nonlinear 2-D FEA field-circuit coupled switching detailed model built in Matlab/Simulink surrounding, the performance of the new converter is obtained.

Chen, J, Chen, G, Guo, Y & Zhu, J 1970, 'Comprehensive analysis of power loss in the output diode of flyback switching converter operating in DCM and CCM', Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Electrical Machines and Systems Icems 2008, International Conference on Electrical Machines and Systems, World Publishing Corporation, Wuhan, China, pp. 1865-1870.
View description>>

This paper analyzes the maximal power loss in the output diode of flyback switching converter operating in both continuous conducting mode (CCM) and discontinuous conducting mode (DCM). Comparing with the previous work, this paper extends the condition, under which the maximal power loss of the output diode occurs, from the CCM to the DCM. Three correlative tasks are included. Firstly, through an analytical analysis, the condition under which the maximal power is consumed by the output diode is obtained. Secondly, to verify the analytical analysis and acquire more accurate results, based on nonlinear finite element analysis, a detailed field-circuit indirect coupling model of flyback switching AC to DC converter is built, where several nonlinear factors such as the saturation of magnetic ferrite core, control delay and switching characteristic are included. Finally, the above analysis results are applied to control the maximal power loss in the output diode of flyback switching AC-DC converter to be an approximate minimum; this would improve the converter reliability and power efficiency.

Chen, J, Chen, G, Guo, Y & Zhu, J 1970, 'Thermal analysis and design of power electronic parts assembled by heat sink in flyback switching AC to DC converters with case enveloped', Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Electrical Machines and Systems Icems 2008, International Conference on Electrical Machines and Systems, World Publishing Corporation, Wuhan, China, pp. 1958-1962.
View description>>

This paper presents the thermal analysis and design of power electronic parts assembled by heat sink in flyback switching AC to DC converters with case enveloped. Firstly, both the analytic method and the field-circuit indirect coupling model are applied to calculate the maximum power consumed by the power electronic parts and the power loss of the converter. Secondly, based on the case temperature calculated by using the traditional equivalent circuit, a systematic method is introduced for selecting heat sinks for the power dispersion in the power electronic parts. Finally, in order to obtain the thermal distribution in the heat sink, the method of finite element analysis (FEA) is used. The FEA model for the performance analysis of thermal field is realized in MATLAB/Simulink surrounding, and the method for deciding some key coefficients in the unified thermal model is presented. The results obtained by FEA are in good agreement with those by analytical analysis.

Chen, L, Hu, Y & Nejdl, W 1970, 'DECK: Detecting Events from Web Click-Through Data', 2008 Eighth IEEE International Conference on Data Mining, 2008 Eighth IEEE International Conference on Data Mining (ICDM), IEEE.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Chen, L, Hu, Y & Nejdl, W 1970, 'Using subspace analysis for event detection from web click-through data', Proceedings of the 17th international conference on World Wide Web, WWW '08: The 17th International World Wide Web Conference, ACM, pp. 1067-1068.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Chen, X, Jin, J, Guo, Y & Zhu, J 1970, 'Design and analysis of a 10 kVA HTS transformer', Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Electrical Machines and Systems Icems 2008, 11th International Conference on Electrical Machines and Systems, WORLD PUBLISHING CORPORATION, Huazhong Univ Sci & Technol, Wuhan, PEOPLES R CHINA, pp. 4302-4304.
View description>>

With the improvement of high temperature superconductor (HTS) practical performance, research and development concerning the applications of HTS transformers have been progressed actively in the world. This work presents a single-phase 10 kVA (220V/24V) HTS transformer prototype design to validate HTS for practical transformer applications. The physical designs of the HTS transformer and 2-D electromagnetic analysis have been presented in the paper. A LabVIEW-based test and control system has also been developed to form a whole HTS transformer system.

Chen, X, Jin, J, Guo, Y & Zhu, J 1970, 'Prototype Design of a 10 kVA HTS Transformer', Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Electrical Machines and Systems (ICEMS), ICEMs2008, World Publishing Corporation, Wuhan, China, pp. 4302-4304.
View description>>

With the improvement of high temperature superconductor (HTS) practical performance, research and development concerning the applications of HTS transformers have been progressed actively in the world. This work presents a single-phase 10 kVA (220 V/24 V) HTS transformer prototype design to validate HTS for practical transformer applications. The physical designs of the HTS transformer and 2-D electromagnetic analysis have been presented in the paper. A LabVIEW-based test and control system has also been developed to form a whole HTS transformer system.

Chen, Y, Hong, Q, Chen, X & Zhang, C 1970, 'Real-Time Speaker Verification Based on GMM-UBM for PDA', 2008 Fifth IEEE International Symposium on Embedded Computing, 2008 Fifth IEEE International Symposium on Embedded Computing (SEC), IEEE, pp. 243-246.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Chen, Y, Wu, Q & He, X 1970, 'Human Action Recognition by Radon Transform', 2008 IEEE International Conference on Data Mining Workshops, 2008 IEEE International Conference on Data Mining Workshops (ICDMW), IEEE, Pisa, Italy, pp. 862-868.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

A new feature description is used for human behaviour representation and recognition. The feature is based on Radon transforms of extracted silhouettes. Key postures are selected based on the Radon transform. Key postures are combined to construct an action template for each sequence. Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA) is applied to the set of key postures to obtain low dimensional feature vectors. Different classification methods are used to classify each sequence. Experiments are carried out based on a publically available human behaviour database and the results are exciting. © 2008 IEEE.

Chen, Y, Wu, Q & He, X 1970, 'Motion Based Pedestrian Recognition', 2008 Congress on Image and Signal Processing, 2008 Congress on Image and Signal Processing, IEEE, Sanya, China, pp. 376-380.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

This paper proposed a method for discriminating pedestrians from rigid objects in a video. The method is a motion-based recognition of moving objects. This method is motivated by the assumptions that human beings are non-rigid and their movements are periodic. Moving objects and their skeletons are extracted. The motion cue is determined by the angle formed by the centroid point and the two bottom end points at object's skeleton. The histogram of the cue over a time period is used to determine if the object is pedestrian or not. This cue does not require any pre-built models. Neither does it need Fourier Transform to obtain the cycle of the objects. The proposed method is computation inexpensive, and it can be used for real-time video surveillance. ©2008 IEEE.

Chen, Y, Wu, Q & He, X 1970, 'Using dynamic programming to match human behavior sequences', 2008 10th International Conference on Control, Automation, Robotics and Vision, 2008 10th International Conference on Control, Automation, Robotics and Vision (ICARCV), IEEE, Hanoi, Vietnam, pp. 1498-1503.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

This paper proposed a new approach for recognition and matching the human behavior sequence. Each human behavior sequence is represented by its key postures to greatly reduce the computation time. Normalization is applied to all the behavior sequences key postures for matching. A dynamic time warping (DTW) algorithm is used to perform the alignment of two time series. Experiments are carried out on an open human behavior database and exciting results have been obtained. © 2008 IEEE.

Chen, Y, Wu, Q, He, X, Du, C & Yang, J 1970, 'Extracting key postures in a human action video sequence', 2008 IEEE 10th Workshop on Multimedia Signal Processing, 2008 IEEE 10th Workshop on Multimedia Signal Processing (MMSP), IEEE, Cairns, Queensland, Australia, pp. 569-573.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

Human key posture extraction from videos will benefit video storage, video retrieval, human action recognition, human behaviour understanding and so on. This paper presents an approach to select key postures from human action sequences using 2D information. There are two steps in the proposed method. Information measurement which is a kind of global feature of a frame is used to roughly find key posture candidates. Then, a body skeleton feature which is a kind of local feature is applied to select final key postures from the candidates obtained in the first step. The experiments show that the proposed method is efficient. © 2008 IEEE.

Chen, Y, Wu, Q, He, X, Du, C & Yang, T 1970, 'Extracting Key Postures in a Human Action Video Sequence', 2008 IEEE 10TH WORKSHOP ON MULTIMEDIA SIGNAL PROCESSING, VOLS 1 AND 2, 10th IEEE Workshop on Multimedia Signal Processing, IEEE, Cairns, AUSTRALIA, pp. 573-+.

Chen, Y, Zhang, J & Jayalath, ADS 1970, 'New Training Sequence Structure for Zero-Padded SC-FDE System in Presence of Carrier Frequency Offset', 2008 IEEE 68th Vehicular Technology Conference, 2008 IEEE 68th Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC 2008-Fall), IEEE, IEEE, pp. 1-4.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Chen, Y, Zhang, JA & Jayalath, ADS 1970, 'New Training Sequence Structure for Zero-Padded SC-FDE System in Presence of Carrier Frequency Offset', 68TH IEEE VEHICULAR TECHNOLOGY CONFERENCE, FALL 2008, 68th IEEE Vehicular Technology Conference, IEEE, Calgary, CANADA, pp. 1930-1933.

Cheng, B, Ritz, C & Burnett, I 1970, 'A Spatial Squeezing approach to Ambisonic audio compression', 2008 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing, ICASSP 2008 - 2008 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing, IEEE, Las Vegas, NV, pp. 369-372.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Cheng, B, Ritz, CH & Burnett, IS 1970, 'Binaural reproduction of Spatially Squeezed Surround Audio', 2008 9th International Conference on Signal Processing, 2008 9th International Conference on Signal Processing (ICSP 2008), IEEE, Beijing, PEOPLES R CHINA, pp. 506-509.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Cheng, E, Burnett, IS & Ritz, CH 1970, 'Multivariate autoregressive modelling of multichannel reverberant speech', 2008 IEEE 10th Workshop on Multimedia Signal Processing, 2008 IEEE 10th Workshop on Multimedia Signal Processing (MMSP), IEEE, pp. 945-949.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

Recent research in speech localization and dereverberation introduced processing of the multichannel linear prediction (LP) residual of speech recorded with multiple microphones. This paper investigates the novel use of intra- and inter-channel speech prediction by proposing the use of a multichannel LP model derived from multivariate autoregression (MVAR), where current LP approaches are based on univariate autoregression (AR). Experiments were conducted on simulated anechoic and reverberant synthetic speech vowels and real speech sentences; results show that, especially at low reverberation times, the MVAR model exhibits greater prediction gains from the residual signal, compared to residuals obtained from univariate AR models for individually or jointly modelled speech channels. In addition, the MVAR model more accurately models the speech signal when compared to univariate LP of a similar prediction order and when a smaller number of microphones are deployed. © 2008 IEEE.

Cheng, E, Cheng, B, Ritz, C & Burnett, IS 1970, 'Spatialized Teleconferencing: Recording and `Squeezed' Rendering of Multiple Distributed Sites', 2008 Australasian Telecommunication Networks and Applications Conference, 2008 Australasian Telecommunication Networks and Applications Conference (ATNAC), IEEE, Adelaide, AUSTRALIA, pp. 411-416.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Cheng, TM, Savkin, AV, Celler, BG, Su, SW & Wang, L 1970, 'Heart Rate Regulation During Exercise with Various Loads: Identification and Nonlinear H∞ Control', IFAC Proceedings Volumes, IFAC World Congress, Elsevier BV, Seoul, Korea, pp. 11618-11623.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

A model for the heart rate response to treadmill walking exercise is proposed in this paper. The parameters of the model were experimentally identified which involved subjects walking at different speeds. A 2-degree-of-freedom controller was then developed for the regulation of the heart rate response during treadmill exercise. The controller consists of a piecewise LQ and an Hâ sub-controllers. Experimental results demonstrated that the heart rate of the subjects were regulated by the proposed controller.

Cheng, TM, Savkin, AV, Celler, BG, Su, SW & Wang, L 1970, 'Nonlinear modelling and control of heart rate response to treadmill walking exercise', BIOSIGNALS 2008: PROCEEDINGS OF THE FIRST INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON BIO-INSPIRED SYSTEMS AND SIGNAL PROCESSING, VOL II, International Conference on Bio-inspired Systems and Signal Processing, Institute for Systems and Technologies of Information, Madeira, Portugal, pp. 498-503.
View description>>

In this study, a nonlinear system was developed for the modelling of the heart rate response to treadmill walking exercise. The model is a feedback interconnected system which can represent the neural response and peripheral local response to exercise. The parameters of the model were identified from an experimental study which involved 6 healthy adult male subjects, each completed 3 sets of walking exercise at different speeds. The proposed model will be useful in explaining the cardiovascular response to exercise. Based on the model, a 2-degree-of-freedom controller was developed for the regulation of the heart rate response during exercise. The controller consists of a piecewise LQ and an H infinity controllers. Simulation results showed that the proposed controller had the ability to regulate heart rate at a given target, indicating that the controller can play an important role in the design of exercise protocols for individuals.

Cheng, TM, Savkin, AV, Su, SW, Celler, BG, Wang, L & IEEE 1970, 'A robust control design for heart rate tracking during exercise', 2008 30th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, Vols 1-8, IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society Annual Conference, IEEE, Vancouver, Canada, pp. 2785-2788.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

In this study, a control design is proposed for the tracking control of heart rate response during treadmill exercise. The controller tracks an exerciserâs heart rate to a given heart rate profile, that may represent a prescribed exercise protocol, by varying the speed of the treadmill. A guaranteed cost control approach is adopted in the control design so that the controller guarantees a certain level of performance. The effectiveness of the proposed control design is demonstrated via a simulation study. The controller will be useful in the design of exercise protocols for individuals.

Chew, E, Hawryszkiewycz, I & Soanes, M 1970, 'Modeling Requirements for Value Configuration Design', Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics), Springer Berlin Heidelberg, pp. 169-178.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

Breadth and depth complexity are key challenges in achieving business process fusion as the enabler for value configuration design. The PARM framework is proposed as the requirement to address breadth and depth complexity through the independent but integrated operation of the process, activity, resource and management viewpoints. The operational scenarios for each viewpoint result in varying process modeling extension requirements. Existing process modeling constructs have varying support for these requirements. The PARM framework solution is an extension and integration of existing modeling constructs rather than a solution in its own right. Using the MDA approach of abstracting a platform independent model from a platform specific implementation, it is the goal in future papers to define process modeling extensions to support the PARM framework and map these into existing implementation architectures. © 2008 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg.

Chew, EK, Hawryszkiewycz, IT & Soanes, MG 1970, 'Business Process Management Workshops', Business Process Management Workshops, International Conference in Business Process Management, Springer Berlin Heidelberg, Brisbane Australia, pp. 169-178.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

Breadth and depth complexity are key challenges in achieving business process fusion as the enabler for value configuration design. The PARM framework is proposed as the requirement to address breadth and depth complexity through the independent but integrated operation of the process, activity, resource and management viewpoints. The operational scenarios for each viewpoint result in varying process modeling extension requirements. Existing process modeling constructs have varying support for these requirements. The PARM framework solution is an extension and integration of existing modeling constructs rather than a solution in its own right. Using the MDA approach of abstracting a platform independent model from a platform specific implementation, it is the goal in future papers to define process modeling extensions to support the PARM framework and map these into existing implementation architectures.

Chih-Wen Hsueh, Jen-Feng Chung, Lan-Da Van & Chin-Teng Lin 1970, 'Anticipatory access pipeline design for phased cache', 2008 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS), 2008 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS), IEEE, Seattle, WA, pp. 2342-2345.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Chin-Teng Lin, Hong-Zhang Lin, Tzai-Wen Chiu, Chih-Feng Chao, Yu-Chieh Chen, Sheng-Fu Liang & Li-Wei Ko 1970, 'Distraction-related EEG dynamics in virtual reality driving simulation', 2008 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS), 2008 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS), IEEE, Seattle, WA, pp. 1088-1091.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Chin-Teng Lin, Pal, NR, Chien-Yao Chuang, Tzyy-Ping Jung, Li-Wei Ko & Sheng-Fu Liang 1970, 'An EEG-based subject- and session-independent drowsiness detection', 2008 IEEE International Joint Conference on Neural Networks (IEEE World Congress on Computational Intelligence), 2008 IEEE International Joint Conference on Neural Networks (IJCNN 2008 - Hong Kong), IEEE, Hong Kong, PEOPLES R CHINA, pp. 3448-3454.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Chotiprayanakul, P, Wang, D, Kwok, N & Liu, D 1970, 'A Haptic Base Human Robot Interaction Approach for Robotic Grit Blasting', Proceedings of the International Symposium on Automation and Robotics in Construction (IAARC), 25th International Symposium on Automation and Robotics in Construction, International Association for Automation and Robotics in Construction (IAARC).
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Chotiprayanakul, P, Wang, D, Kwok, N & Liu, D 1970, 'A haptic base Human Robot Interaction approach for robotic grit blasting', 25TH INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON AUTOMATION AND ROBOTICS IN CONSTRUCTION - ISARC-2008, International Symposium on Automation and Robotics in Construction, IAARC, Vilnius, Lithuania, pp. 148-154.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

This paper proposes a remote operation method for a robot arm in a complex environment by using the Virtual Force (VF) based approach. A virtual robot arm is manipulated by a steering force, at the end-effecter, which is generated according to the movement of a feedback haptic. A three-dimensional force field (3D-F2) is employed in collision detection and avoidance. Repulsive forces from the 3D-F2 are produced and feedback to the haptic device that enables the operator to have a sense of touch on the encountered obstacle and then steer the arm to avoid it. As a result, collision-free poses of the virtual robot arm can then be used to command the real robot. Experiments are conducted in a mock up bridge environment where the real robot arm is steered to target points by the operator. Experiment results have shown successful collision avoidance and emulation of the actual command force and the virtual forces in remote operations.

Chun-Chieh Huang, Shao-Hang Hung, Jen-Feng Chung, Lan-Da Van & Chin-Teng Lin 1970, 'Front-end amplifier of low-noise and tunable BW/gain for portable biomedical signal acquisition', 2008 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS), 2008 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS), IEEE, Seattle, WA, pp. 2717-2720.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Chunhua Du, Qiang Wu, Jie Yang & Zheng Wu 1970, 'SVM based ASM for facial landmarks location', 2008 8th IEEE International Conference on Computer and Information Technology, 2008 8th IEEE International Conference on Computer and Information Technology (CIT), IEEE, Sydney, Australia, pp. 321-326.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

Finding a new position for each landmark is a crucial step in active shape model (ASM). Mahalanobis distance minimization is used for this finding, provided there are enough training data such that the grey-level profiles for each landmark follow a multivariate Gaussian distribution. However, this condition could not be satisfied in most cases. In this paper, a new method support vector machine (SVM) based ASM (SVMBASM) is proposed. It approaches the finding task as a small sample size classification problem, and uses SVM classifier to deal with this problem. Moreover, considering imbalanced dataset which contains more negative instances(incorrect candidates for new position) than positive instances(correct candidates for new position), a multi-class classification framework is adopted. Performance evaluation on SJTU face database show that the proposed SVMBASM outperforms the original ASM in terms of the average error as well as the average frequency of convergence. © 2008 IEEE.

Clark, K, Ball, JE & Babister, KM 1970, 'Can Fixed grid 2 Hydraulic Models be used as Hydrologic Models?', Proceedings of Water Down Under 2008, Water Down Under 2008, 2008 Hydrology and Water resources Symposium, Adelaide, Australia, pp. 2496-2507.

Clear, T, Edwards, J, Lister, R, Simon, B, Thompson, E & Whalley, J 1970, 'The teaching of novice computer programmers: Bringing the scholarly-research approach to Australia', Conferences in Research and Practice in Information Technology Series, Australasian Conference on Computer Science Education, Australian Computer Society, Wollongong, pp. 63-68.
View description>>

BRACElet is a multi-institutional multi-national research study of how novice programmers comprehend and write computer programs. This paper reviews the first action research cycle of the BRACElet project and, in the process, charts a path for the upcoming second cycle. The project remains close to educational practice, with much of the data being either data collected directly from exams sat by novices, or data from think-out-loud protocols where the task undertaken by a novice or an expert is modelled on an exam question. The first action research cycle analysed data in terms of the SOLO taxonomy. From think-aloud responses, the authors found that educators tended to manifest a SOLO relational response on small reading problems, whereas students tended to manifest a multistructural response. Furthermore, those students who manifested a relational response tended to do better overall in the exam than students who manifested a multistructural response. The second action research cycle will explore the relationship between the ability to read code and the ability to write code. Apart from reporting on the BRACElet project itself, this paper serves as an invitation for institutions and individuals to join the second action research cycle of the BRACElet project.

Clifton, M, Paul, G, Kwok, N, Liu, D, Wang, D-L & IEEE 1970, 'Evaluating Performance of Multiple RRTs', PROCEEDINGS OF 2008 IEEE/ASME INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON MECHATRONIC AND EMBEDDED SYSTEMS AND APPLICATIONS, American Society of Mechanical Engineering, IEEE, Beijing, China, pp. 564-569.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

This paper presents experimental results evaluating the performance of a new multiple Rapidly-exploring Random Tree (RRT) algorithm. RRTs are randomised planners especially adept at solving difficult, high-dimensional path planning problems. However, environments with low-connectivity due to the presence of obstacles can severely affect convergence. Multiple RRTs have been proposed as a means of addressing this issue, however, this approach can adversely affect computational efficiency. This paper introduces a new and simple method which takes advantage of the benefits of multiple trees, whilst ensuring the computational burden of maintaining them is minimised. Results indicate that multiple RRTs are able to reduce the logarithmic complexity of the search, most notably in environments with high obstacle densities. © 2008 IEEE.

Cordero, M-L, Burnham, DR, Baroud, CN & McGloin, D 1970, 'Holographic control of droplet microfluidics', SPIE Proceedings, NanoScience + Engineering, SPIE, San Diego, CA, pp. 70381J-70381J.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Coupland, MP, Gardner, AP & Carmody Jones, G 1970, 'Mathematics for Engineering Education: What Students Say', Proceedings of the 31st MERGA Conference: Navigating Currents and Charting Directions, MERGA Conference, Mathematics Education Research Group of Australasia, Brisbane, pp. 139-146.

Cox, W, Cardwell, H & Voinov, A 1970, 'SVP as a Short Term Planning Tool: Preliminary Results of a Pilot Study', World Environmental and Water Resources Congress 2008, World Environmental and Water Resources Congress 2008, American Society of Civil Engineers, pp. 1-10.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

Shared vision planning encompasses the basic principles of traditional planning but differs from the conventional approach in its fundamental reliance on stakeholder collaboration in a process of mutual learning and discovery as facilitated by a collaboratively developed model of the system. This collaborative approach seeks to define issues and problems, identify values and interests, and explore alternative strategies for resolving conflict and solving problems. This paper reports on the preliminary results of a pilot study initiated by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers' Institute for Water Resources to investigate the feasibility of SVP as a planning tool in a short-term, small-scale context in support of regulatory programs and local water planning. Experience with the pilot study conducted in the James River Basin of Virginia to date suggests significant challenges to application of SVP in a short-term, small-scale planning environment. Engaging a full range of stakeholders has been hindered by restrictions imposed by the short time frame, and scale limitations created stakeholder doubt about the validity and usefulness of the process. The fact that the pilot study was presented as a limited exercise caused it to be viewed as a threat to prospects for future, larger-scale planning studies in the Basin. This experience illustrates the importance of pre-existing conditions to the success of SVP and demonstrates the special challenges that impact use of SVP in situations involving limited time and scope. © 2008 ASCE.

Crews, K & MacKenzie, C 1970, 'Development of grading rules for re-cycled timber used in structural applications', 10th World Conference on Timber Engineering 2008, pp. 231-238.

da Xu, RY 1970, 'A Computer Vision based Whiteboard Capture System', 2008 IEEE Workshop on Applications of Computer Vision, 2008 IEEE Workshop on Applications of Computer Vision (WACV), IEEE, pp. 1-6.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

Conventional whiteboard video capture using a static camera usually results in a poor quality. In this paper, we present an autonomous whiteboard scan and capture prototype system, which consist a pair of static and Pan-Tilt-Zoom (PTZ) cameras. The PTZ camera is used to scan the newly-updated whiteboard regions without interrupting the instructor. We will illustrate several computer vision techniques used in our system: Firstly, we present our unique camera calibration method using rough hand-drawn gridlines. Secondly, we present the image processing methods used to determine where the newly updated whiteboard region to be scanned is. Our method also accounts for the whiteboard region occlusion from the instructor.

Dackermann, U, Li, J & Samali, B 1970, 'Structural damage identification utilising PCA-compressed frequency response functions and neural network ensembles', Futures in Mechanics of Structures and Materials - Proceedings of the 20th Australasian Conference on the Mechanics of Structures and Materials, ACMSM20, Australasian Conference on the Mechanics of Structures and Materials, CRC Press, Taylor & Francis Group, Toowoomba, pp. 803-809.
View description>>

This paper presents a damage detection method that utilises FRF data to identify damage in beam structures. The proposed method uses artificial neural networks (ANNs) to map changes in FRFs to damage characteristics. To obtain suitable patterns for ANN inputs, the size of the FRFs is reduced adopting Principal Component Analysis (PCA) techniques. A hierarchy of neural network ensembles is created to take advantage of individual differences from sensor signals. To simulate field applications, the time history data are polluted with white Gaussian noise. The method involves finite element modelling of undamaged and damaged steel beams. By performing transient analysis with the numerical beams, the time histories are obtained and subsequently polluted with different levels of white Gaussian noise. FRFs are determined and compressed utilising PCA techniques. The PCA-reduced FRFs are then used as input patterns for training and testing of neural network ensembles giving the characteristics of the damage. © 2009 Taylor & Francis Group, London.

Dalvand, H, Nguyen, MT, Kwok, NM, Ha, QP & IEEE 1970, 'A New Hybrid Filter for Power Quality Improvement in Unbalanced Load Conditions', 2008 10TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON CONTROL AUTOMATION ROBOTICS & VISION: ICARV 2008, VOLS 1-4, International Conference on Control, Automation, Robotics and Vision, IEEE, Hanoi, Vietnam, pp. 1027-1032.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

This paper presents the design of a new hybrid filter for quality improvement of power systems in unbalanced conditions. This filter includes a variable passive filter in parallel with an active filter. The passive part is designed with a varying inductance to reduce the rating of the active part. By using this proposed filter it is possible to compensate for the current harmonics and unbalanced loads with a lower rating active filter compared with conventional ones. Also a simple and accurate method is used to generate the harmonic reference current in the active part of this filter which makes it efficient in unbalanced load conditions. Furthermore, an intelligent hysteresis band current controller is utilized to generate inverter pulses owing to its quick current controllability and easy implementation. Simulation results using the MATLAB Simulink Power System Toolbox show the efficiency and effectiveness of the proposed hybrid filter in elimination of harmonics and balance of the utility current with a desired level of load balancing. © 2008 IEEE.

Davidson, P, Eager, DM, Wilson, S & Molteno, T 1970, 'Developing a new test for playground surfaces to reduce injury risk', 17th International Safe Communities Conference 2008, Christchurch, New Zealand.

Davis, AM, Nurmuliani, N, Park, S & Zowghi, D 1970, 'Requirements Change: What's the Alternative?', 2008 32nd Annual IEEE International Computer Software and Applications Conference, 2008 32nd Annual IEEE International Computer Software and Applications Conference, IEEE, Turku, Finland, pp. 635-638.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

Numerous studies have shown that a software projectpsilas cost, schedule and defect density escalate as the rate of requirements change increases. Yet none of these studies have explored the effects of not making requirements changes in response to changes in user needs. This paper explains why a project incurs just as much, if not more, risk when requirements changes are suppressed.

Debenham, JK, Simoff, SJ, Leaney, JR & Mirchandani, V 1970, 'Smart communications network management through a synthesis of distributed intelligence and information', ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN THEORY AND PRACTICE II, World Computer Congress, Springer Verlag, Milano, Italy, pp. 415-419.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

Demands on communications networks to support bundled, interdependent communications services (data, voice, video) are increasing in complexity. Smart network management techniques are required to meet this demand. Such management techniques are envisioned to be based on two main technologies: (i) embedded intelligence; and (ii) up-to-the-millisecond delivery of performance information. This paper explores the idea of delivery of intelligent network management as a synthesis of distributed intelligence and information, obtained through information mining of network performance.

Ding, B, Yu, JX & Qin, L 1970, 'Finding time-dependent shortest paths over large graphs.', EDBT, International Conference on Extending Database Technology, ACM, Nantes, France, pp. 205-216.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

The spatial and temporal databases have been studied widely and intensively over years. In this paper, we study how to answer queries of finding the best departure time that minimizes the total travel time from a place to another, over a road network, where the traffic conditions dynamically change from time to time. We study a generalized form of this problem, called the time-dependent shortest-path problem. A time-dependent graph GT is a graph that has an edge-delay function, wi,j(t), associated with each edge (v i, vj), to be stored in a database. The edge-delay function Wi,j(t) specifies how much time it takes to travel from node v i to node Vj, if it departs from vi at time t. A user-specified query is to ask the minimum-travel-time path, from a source node, vs, to a destination node, ve, over the time-dependent graph, GT, with the best departure time to be selected from a time interval T. We denote this user query as LTT(vs ve, T) over GT. The challenge of this problem is the added complexity due to the time dependency in the time-dependent graph. That is, edge delays are not constants, and can vary from time to time. In this paper, we propose a novel algorithm to find the minimum-travel-time path with the best departure time for a LTT(vs, ve, T) query over a large graph GT. Our approach outperforms existing algorithms in terms of both time complexity in theory and efficiency in practice. We will discuss the design of our algorithm, together with its correctness and complexity. We conducted extensive experimental studies over large graphs and will report our findings. Copyright 2008 ACM.

Ding, GK 1970, 'Environmental assessment of residential buildings in China', Proceedings of the 2008 World Sustainable Building Conference, World Sustainable Building Conference, ASN Events, Melbourne, Australia, pp. 494-501.

Dong, D & Lam, J 1970, 'Rapid incoherent control of a simple quantum system via two-step optimization', 2008 27th Chinese Control Conference, 2008 Chinese Control Conference (CCC), IEEE, pp. 511-515.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Dong, H, Hussain, FK & Chang, E 1970, 'A Semantic Crawler Based on an Extended CBR Algorithm', ON THE MOVE TO MEANINGFUL INTERNET SYSTEMS: OTM 2008 WORKSHOPS, On the Move Confederated International Conference and Workshops, Springer-verlag Berlin, Monterrey, MEXICO, pp. 1076-1085.
View description>>

A semantic (web) crawler refers to a series of web crawlers designed for harvesting semantic web content. This paper presents the frame-work of a semantic crawler that call abstract metadata from online webpages and Cluster the metadata by associating th

Dong, H, Hussain, FK & Chang, E 1970, 'A survey in semantic web technologies-inspired focused crawlers', 2008 Third International Conference on Digital Information Management, 2008 Third International Conference on Digital Information Management (ICDIM), IEEE, pp. 934-936.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

Crawlers are software which can traverse the internet and retrieve webpages by hyperlinks. In the face of the inundant spam websites, traditional web crawlers cannot function well to solve this problem. Semantic focused crawlers utilize semantic web technologies to analyze the semantics of hyperlinks and web documents. This paper briefly reviews the recent studies on one category of semantic focused crawlers - ontology-based focused crawlers, which are a series of crawlers that utilize ontologies to link the fetched web documents with the ontological concepts (topics). The purpose of this is to organize and categorize web documents, or filtering irrelevant webpages with regards to the topics. A brief comparison are made among these crawlers, from six perspectives - domain, working environment, special functions, technologies utilized, evaluation metrics and evaluation results. The conclusion with respect to this comparison is made in the final section. © 2008 IEEE.

Dong, H, Hussain, FK & Chang, E 1970, 'A Transport Service Ontology-based Focused Crawler', 2008 Fourth International Conference on Semantics, Knowledge and Grid, 2008 Fourth International Conference on Semantics, Knowledge and Grid (SKG), IEEE, pp. 49-56.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

Ontology is a technology for conceptualizing specific domain knowledge, which can provide machine-readable definitions to the severed domain. Therefore, ontology can be utilized to enhance the performance of focused crawlers, by precisely defining the crawling boundary. In this paper, we will exhibit a conceptual framework of an ontology-based focused crawler serving in the domain of transport services. Here, a transport service ontology is designed for filtering non-relevant metadata, by means of logically linking the metadata with ontological concepts. In addition, we will provide the evaluation process in order to assess the power of ontology in the focused crawler. Conclusion and further works based on our current evaluation results will be made in the final section. © 2008 IEEE.

Dong, H, Hussain, FK & Chang, E 1970, 'Quality of service (QoS) based service retrieval engine', Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Advances in Mobile Computing and Multimedia, MoMM08: 6th International Conference on Mobile Computing and Multimedia, ACM, pp. 405-408.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

It is observed that there are few service evaluation and ranking methodologies currently available in the SOE. In this paper, we propose an innovative service evaluation and ranking strategy, based on the measurement of trustworthiness and reputation of services (or service providers'). CCCI Metrics originally proposed and developed by Chang et al [1] is used to measure the trustworthiness and reputation of e-services. Here we extend the application of CCCI Metrics to the field of service retrieval. A java-based search engine prototype is designed, with the purpose of implementing the trustworthiness and reputation-based service search, evaluation and ranking. Conclusions and future works are drawn in the final section. © 2008 ACM.

Dong, H, Hussain, FK & Chang, E 1970, 'State of the Art in Negotiation Ontologies for Enhancing Business Intelligence', 2008 4th International Conference on Next Generation Web Services Practices, 2008 4th International Conference on Next Generation Web Services Practices (NWESP), IEEE, pp. 107-112.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

Negotiation is defined as two or more agents making agreement on the common interests, which provides an efficient approach for companies to gain business intelligence from suppliers and customers. Current negotiation research focuses on automatically stimulating negotiation behaviors among agents. Ontology, as a modeling technology in semantic web, is regarded as an effective tool to improve the negotiation ability of agents, considering that ontology can provide richer semantic expressions for agents in negotiation process. In this paper, we make a brief review on the current negotiation ontology researches. In addition, by means of a unique ontology notation system, we unify the notations used in these ontologies, to maximally promote knowledge sharing outcome in this field. By comparing and contrasting the ontologies from five perspectives, we draw a brief conclusion to the present status of negotiation ontology researches, and make our suggestions to the further research in this field. © 2008 IEEE.

Dong, H, Hussain, FK, Chang, E & IEEE 1970, 'A Survey in Semantic Web Technologies-Inspired Focused Crawlers', 2008 THIRD INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON DIGITAL INFORMATION MANAGEMENT, VOLS 1 AND 2, International Conference on Digital Information Management, IEEE, London, ENGLAND, pp. 961-963.
View description>>

Crawlers are software which can traverse the internet and retrieve webpages by hyperlinks. In the face of the inundant spam websites, traditional web crawlers cannot function well to solve this problem. Semantic focused crawlers utilize semantic web tech

Dong, H, Hussain, FK, Chang, E & IEEE 1970, 'A Work-in-Progress Platform for Solving Knowledge Sharing Issues in Organizations', 2008 6TH INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON INTELLIGENT SYSTEMS AND INFORMATICS, International Symposium on Intelligent Systems and Informatics, IEEE, Subotica, SERBIA, pp. 374-378.
View description>>

In this paper, we propose a knowledge sharing platform based on the technology of ontology and agent, in order to solve the issues in the knowledge sharing activities within organizations. Based on the analysis of literature, the issues within current or

Dong, H, Hussain, FK, Chang, E & IEEE 1970, 'State of the Art in Metadata Abstraction Crawlers', 2008 IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INDUSTRIAL TECHNOLOGY, VOLS 1-5, IEEE International Conference on Industrial Technology, IEEE, Chengdu, PEOPLES R CHINA, pp. 1404-1409.
View description>>

Nowadays, the research of crawlers moves closer to the semantic web, along with the appearance of increasing XML/RDF/OWL files and the rapid development of ontology mark-up languages. As an emerging concept, metadata abstraction crawlers are a series of

Dong, H, Hussain, FK, Chang, E & IEEE 1970, 'Transport Service Ontology and Its Application in the Field of Semantic Search', IEEE/SOLI'2008: PROCEEDINGS OF 2008 IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON SERVICE OPERATIONS AND LOGISTICS, AND INFORMATICS, VOLS 1 AND 2, IEEE International Conference on Service Operations and Logistics and Informatics, IEEE, Beijing, PEOPLES R CHINA, pp. 820-824.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

Transport is a crucial component in logistics, which joints each activity in the logistics chain. The performance of logistics heavily relies on the efficiency of transport services. However, until now there has not been a clear definition about transpor

Dong, J, Wang, J, Sun, D & Lu, H 1970, 'The Research of Software Product Line Engineering Process and Its Integrated Development Environment Model', 2008 International Symposium on Computer Science and Computational Technology, 2008 International Symposium on Computer Science and Computational Technology, IEEE, Shanghai, China, pp. 66-71.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

In order to realize the industrialization production of software, people have carried out research on and analysis the software product line architecture of the growing maturity, component technology and development methods for product line. In this paper, a novel software engineering process model is proposed based on the modern industrial production systems and automated production method: that is ldquoN-life-cycle modelrdquo. Based on this new model, not only integrated software engineering environment model and framework have been proposed, which are based on the product line development process model, but also study systematically on theirs implementation. "N-life-cycle model" and "integrated software engineering environment model based on the product line" which are set up in the article are brand-new open models possessing modern manufacturing production characteristic. The models can impel the research development quickly of product line engineering and product line software engineering environment towards the industrialisation and automatization of the software industry.

Dong, J, Zeng, F, Wang, J & Lu, H 1970, 'Price Forecasting of Supply Chain Product Based on Dynamic Fractal Dimension', 2008 International Conference on Information Management, Innovation Management and Industrial Engineering, 2008 International Conference on Information Management, Innovation Management and Industrial Engineering (ICIII), IEEE, Taipei, Taiwan, pp. 153-156.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

Supply chain management (SCM) is an emerging field that has commanded attention and support from the industrial community. Demand forecast taking inventory into consideration is an important issue in SCM. This paper presents a novel computerized system for implementing the forecasting activities required in SCM. It can help the supply chain enterprises find hidden forms, trends and relationships in the date of supply chain by the dynamic fractal dimension of fractal theory, find that dynamic fractal dimension not only can overcome the delay of the existing technical analysis on the price forecasts, and but also can instruct the supply chain product prices in advance.

Doss, R, Li, G, Yu, S, Mak, V & Chowdhury, M 1970, 'The Crossroads Approach to Information Discovery in Wireless Sensor Networks', DISTRIBUTED COMPUTING AND NETWORKING, PROCEEDINGS, 9th International Conference on Distributed Computing and Networking, Springer Berlin Heidelberg, Kolkata, INDIA, pp. 310-321.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Du, C, Wu, Q, Yang, J, He, X & Chen, Y 1970, 'Subspace Analysis Methods plus Motion History Image for Human Action Recognition', 2008 Digital Image Computing: Techniques and Applications, 2008 Digital Image Computing: Techniques and Applications, IEEE, Canberra, Australia, pp. 606-611.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

This paper proposes a new human action recognition method which deals with recognition task in a quite different way when compared with traditional methods which use sequence matching scheme. Our method compresses a sequence of an action into a Motion History Image (MHI) on which low-dimensional features are extracted using subspace analysis methods. Unlike other methods which use a sequence consisting of several frames for recognition, our method uses only a MHI per action sequence for recognition. Obviously, our method avoids the complexity as well as the large computation in sequence matching based methods. Encouraging experimental results on a widely used database demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method. © 2008 IEEE.

Dylan Dah-Chuan Lu & Agelidis, VG 1970, 'Photovoltaic-battery powered DC Bus system for common portable electronic devices', 2008 IEEE Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2008 IEEE Power Electronics Specialists Conference - PESC 2008, IEEE, Rhodes Isl, GREECE, pp. 76-80.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Dyson, LE & Nataatmadja, I 1970, 'Students Motivations in Podcast Use', Interactive Mobile and Computer aided Learning (IMCL), Interactive Mobile and Computer aided Learning, IMCL, Amman, Jordan, pp. 1-5.

Dyson, LE, Lawrence, E, Litchfield, A & Zmijewska, A 1970, 'M-Fieldwork for Information Systems Students', Proceedings of the 41st Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (HICSS 2008), 2008 41st Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences, IEEE, Waikoloa, USA, pp. 46-46.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

Fieldwork has long been identified as providing students undertaking professional studies with a means of implementing theory into a real world context. In recent years some educators, particularly in the health sciences, have introduced mobile devices to support students' fieldwork learning. In many ways there is a natural link between fieldwork and mobile technology. In this paper we report on a trial to introduce mobile support into the study of information systems in the field. The experience showed that mobile devices can assist students collect data in richer, multimedia formats and make subsequent classroom presentations of their field study much more interesting. However, it also revealed certain usage and deployment issues with the mobile devices themselves which have implications for device selection and educational design.

Dyson, LE, Leigh, EE, Litchfield, AJ, Raban, R & Tyler, JV 1970, 'Improving the Participation of International and local Students Using mLearning', UTS Learning and Teaching Forum, UTS, UTS.

Dyson, LE, Raban, R, Litchfield, AJ & Lawrence, EM 1970, 'Embedding M-Learning into Mainstream Educational Practice: Overcoming the Cost Barrier', Interactive Mobile and Computer Aided Learning (IMCL2008), Interactive Mobile and Computer Aided Learning, IMCL, Amman, Jordan, pp. 1-9.

Dyson, LE, Sixsmith, A & Than, TK 1970, 'Australian Newspaper Blogs', INNOVATION AND KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT IN BUSINESS GLOBALIZATION: THEORY & PRACTICE, VOLS 1 AND 2, International Business Information Management, International Business Information Management Association, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, pp. 194-200.
View description>>

Blogs have become one of the most prominent fonns of social media on the Web. This paper reports on the first part ofa comprehensive study of how a mainstream Australian media organisation is integrating blogs into their business. The research used a qualitative approach and data collection was undertaken using semi-structured interviews with newspaper staff. The findings presented provide an insight into the opportunities to be gained and the challenges to be faced by Australian media organisations as they incorporate blogs in their online offerings.

Eager, DM 1970, 'Indoor play - Family Entertainment Centres', AALARA 2008 Annual Conference, Gold Coast, Australia.

Eager, DM 1970, 'Reducing childhood deaths - Soccer goal post safety', 17th International Safe Communities Conference 2008, Christchurch, New Zealand.

Eager, DM 1970, 'Role of Standards in Removing Hazards and Managing Risk in the Play Environment', Cotton Wool or Plaster of Paris: Perspectives on Injury Prevention and Child Play, NSW Injury Risk Management Research Centre, Sydney, Australia.

Eager, DM 1970, 'Trampoline product safety - Ensuring compliance with safety Standards', 17th International Safe Communities Conference 2008, Christchurch, New Zealand.

Eager, DM 1970, 'Why children need risk', Paediatric Trauma Seminar, Sydney Children's Hospital, Sydney, Australia.

Eager, DM, Nixon, JW & Yearley, D 1970, 'Impact attenuation - The case for natural materials', 17th International Play Association World Conference, Hong Kong.

Eklund, JM, McGregor, C & Smith, KP 1970, 'A method for physiological data transmission and archiving to support the service of critical care using DICOM and HL7', 2008 30th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, 2008 30th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, IEEE, Vancouver, CANADA, pp. 1486-1489.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Fang, G, Kwok, NM & Ha, Q 1970, 'Automatic Fuzzy Membership Function Tuning Using the Particle Swarm Optimization', 2008 IEEE Pacific-Asia Workshop on Computational Intelligence and Industrial Application, 2008 Pacific-Asia Workshop on Computational Intelligence and Industrial Application (PACIIA), IEEE, Wuhan China, pp. 324-328.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

Fuzzy logic controllers (FLCs) are developed to exploit human expert knowledge in designing control systems. While the fuzzy rules are relatively easy to obtain, fuzzy membership function (MF) tuning could be a time consuming exercise. In this paper the particle swarm optimization technique is employed to automatically tune the MFs of a Mamdani-type of fuzzy controller. The effectiveness of the proposed controller is demonstrated by the control performance of such an FLC of a nonlinear water tank system. The results are compared favourably to a PSO tuned PID controller.

Fang, G, Kwok, NM & Ha, QP 1970, 'Swarm Interaction-Based Simulation of Occupant Evacuation', 2008 IEEE Pacific-Asia Workshop on Computational Intelligence and Industrial Application, 2008 Pacific-Asia Workshop on Computational Intelligence and Industrial Application (PACIIA), IEEE, Wuhan China, pp. 329-333.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

The understanding of occupant responses during an evacuation is crucial for improving the design of effective escape routes. An approach, incorporated the swarm behaviour, for simulating the evacuation of occupants from an enclosed environment is proposed in this paper. This method complements the research in evacuations adopting the cellular automatic and lattice gas models. In particular, it is shown that the trajectories followed by evacuees under panic could be mimicked by the social interaction among them and self-experiences of the individuals. Simulation results of the evacuation from a single exit enclosure are included to illustrate the feasibility of the swarm behaviour-based approach in imitating evacuation phenomena such as jamming and clogging.

Fang, T & Ball, JE 1970, 'Calibration of a catchment modelling system with spatially variable parameters', Website Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Urban Drainage, International Conference on Urban Drainage, International Association of Hydraulic Engineering and Research (IAHR), Edinburgh, UK, pp. 1-10.
View description>>

Implementation of catchment modelling systems is an accepted approach for obtaining information about the hydrological response of catchments under either existing or potential future conditions. The successful implementation of a catchment modelling system requires careful parameter evaluation during the system calibration. Evaluation of spatially variable control parameters has been of increasing concern as a result of an increased awareness of the inappropriateness of assuming catchment averaged values for assessing water quality aspects of the catchment response.

Fang, T & Ball, JE 1970, 'Investigation of parameter interactions in a physically distributed catchment modelling system', 2008 Hydrology and Water Resources Symposium, Hydrology and Water Resources Symposium, Modbury, SA; Engineers Australia, Adelaide, Australia.

Fang, T & Ball, JE 1970, 'Investigation of parameter interactions in a physically distributed catchment modelling system', Proceedings of Water Down Under 2008, Water Down Under 2008, Australia Engineers Association, Adelaide, Australia, pp. 2212-2221.
View description>>

A physically distributed Stormwater Management Model (SWMM) is associated with a large number of spatially variable control parameters for the description of subcatchment characteristics, It is difficult to investigate the complex relationships among these control parameters using traditional approaches, A real-value coding genetic algorithm was used as a tool to investigate interactions among spatially variable control parameters of SWMM in this study, To ascertain if the individual parameters were correlated, the Pearson Correlation method was used to evaluate the linear correlation between two control parameters, The results based on the Pearson Correlation method indicate no ciear relationship between any two control parameters, However, a distinct relationship among a group of parameters was detected, suggesting that the simulation performance of the complex system SWMM was affected by the combination of a parameter set rather than individual parameters,

Far, H 1970, 'A CRITERION FOR CONSIDERING SOIL-STRUCTURE INTERACTION EFFECTS IN SEISMIC DESIGN OF DUCTILE RC-MRFs ACCORDING TO IRANIAN CODES', Proceedings of the 14th world conference on earthquake engineering (14WCEE), 14th world conference on earthquake engineering (14WCEE), Beijing, China.
View description>>

During the last quarter of the 20th century, the importance of dynamic soil-structure interaction for several structures founded on soft soils was well recognized. If not accounted for in analysis, the accuracy in assessing structural safety in the face of earthquakes cannot be accounted for adequately. For this reason, seismic soil-structure interaction analysis has become a major topic in earthquake engineering. As the Iranian Code of Practice for Seismic Resistant Design of Buildings (Standard No. 2800-05) does not address the soil-structure interaction explicitly, the effects of such interaction on behavior of reinforced concrete buildings with ductile moment-resisting frames, loaded and designed according to the Iranian Building Codes, are studied in this research, using direct soil-structure interaction method. To achieve this objective, four types of structures consisting of 3, 5, 7 and 10 story buildings, which represent the typical buildings in a high risk earthquake prone zone, have been selected in conjunction with three types of soil, representing types II, III and IV, as classified in the Iranian Standard No. 2800-05. Ductile Reinforced Concrete Moment-Resisting Frames, as fixed-base structures, once without soil interaction and the next time considering their soil interaction by direct method are modeled and subjected to different earthquake records. The results of the two cases subjected each to different earthquake records are studied and compared. This Comparison led to a criterion indicate that consideration of soil-structure interaction for seismic design, in buildings higher than three stories on soil type IV (Vs<175 m/s) as well as buildings higher than seven stories on soil type III (175

Fatahi, B, Indraratna, B & Khabbaz, H 1970, 'Numerical and Experimental Study of Tree Influence on the Ground', GeoCongress 2008, GeoCongress 2008, American Society of Civil Engineers, New Orleans, USA, pp. 694-701.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

A mathematical model for the rate of root water uptake has been developed considering ground conditions, type of vegetation and climatic parameters. The three independent features in the root water uptake model incorporated in detail are soil suction, root distribution, and potential transpiration. A two dimensional finite element approach has been employed to solve the transient coupled flow and deformation equations in vicinity of a tree. To validate the model, an array of field measurements and the data have been compared with the numerical predictions. The predicted results acquired from the numerical analysis have been compared favourably with the field and the associated laboratory measurements, justifying the assumptions upon which the model has been developed. Copyright ASCE 2008.

Fatahi, B, Khabbaz, H & Indraratna, B 1970, 'Analysis of Matric Suction Effects Induced by Tree Roots on Rail Track Subgrade', Conference Proceedings: CORE2008 Conference on Railway Engineering, Conference on Railway Engineering, RTSA, Perth, WA, Australia, pp. 599-610.
View description>>

This study investigates the eflects of vegetation on soil matric suction and ground deformation. This paper highlights the inter-related parameters contributing to the development of a conceptual evapo-transpiration and root water uptake equilibrium model that is then incorporated in a comprehensive numerical model. The developed numerical model based on the finite element analysis (ABAQUS) considers fully coupled flowdeformation behaviour of soil. The model formulation is based on the effective stress approach developed for unsaturated soils. Based on the proposed model, the distribution of the matric suction proflle adjacent to the tree has been numerically anaiysed. To validate the model, an array of field measurements conducted at Miram site in Victoria, Australia have been compared with the numerical predictions. Then behaviour of a single tree on improving soil behaviour underneath rail tracks has been described. II is found that root water uptake and associated matric suction stabilise the soft soil beneath railway lines and a pattern of trees grown systematically along rail corridors may olter a cost eltective and environmentally attractive solution for the soft ground improvement in the long-term.

Feng, D, Sikora, T, Siu, WC, Zhang, J, Guan, L & Dugelay, JL 1970, 'Preface', 2008 IEEE 10th Workshop on Multimedia Signal Processing, 2008 IEEE 10th Workshop on Multimedia Signal Processing, IEEE, pp. cviii-cviii.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Feuerlicht, G 1970, 'Considerations of Service Assembly Based on the Analysis of Data Flows between Services', 2008 International MCETECH Conference on e-Technologies (mcetech 2008), 2008 International MCETECH Conference on e-Technologies, IEEE, Montreal, QC, Canada, pp. 249-252.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

Service composition research mostly focuses on the dynamic (workflow) aspects of compositions. In this paper we consider the static component of service composition and focus on analyzing the data flows between services within a composition. We argue that compatibility of service interfaces is a necessary precondition for service composability, and we show that data flow analysis can be applied to the problem of service composition design to identify compatible service interfaces and to minimize data coupling between services.

Filatova, T, Van Der Veen, A & Voinov, A 1970, 'An agent-based model for exploring land market mechanisms for coastal zone management', Proc Iemss 4th Biennial Meeting Int Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software Integrating Sciences and Information Technology for Environmental Assessment and Decision Making Iemss 2008, pp. 792-799.
View description>>

This paper presents an agent-based model of a land market (ALMA-C) to simulate the emergence of land prices and urban land patterns from bottom-up. Our model mimics individual decisions to buy and to sell land depending on economic, sociological and political factors as well as on the characteristics of the spatial environment. To this we add ecological and environmental considerations and focus on the question of how individual land use decisions can be affected to reduce the pressure on the coastal zone ecosystem functions. A series of model experiments helps visualize and explore how economic incentives at a land market can influence the spatial distribution of activities and land prices in a coastal zone. We demonstrate that economic incentives do affect urban form and pattern, land prices and welfare measures. However, they may not always be sufficient to reduce the pressure on coastal zone ecosystems.

Fragomeni, S & Baweja, D 1970, 'Performance of shrinkage prediction method given in AS3600', Futures in Mechanics of Structures and Materials - Proceedings of the 20th Australasian Conference on the Mechanics of Structures and Materials, ACMSM20, pp. 337-341.
View description>>

In this paper a general overview of the current AS3600 shrinkage prediction provisions and draft provisions for inclusion in the new Australian concrete standard are given. These predictions are then compared with results obtained from standard shrinkage tests undertaken on a number of test specimens cast from site delivered concrete. Shrinkage tests were undertaken on standard prisms under controlled laboratory conditions. The results indicated that the new shrinkage provisions provide for more reliable predictions of shrinkage due in part to the fact they account for a range of concrete strengths, aggregate quality and separate types of shrinkage. In this context the paper also discusses the implications of code driven shrinkage provisions and their relationship with actual onsite shrinkage in practical situations. © 2008 Taylor & Francis Group, London.

Francois, R, Al-Mahmoud, F, Castel, A & Kreit, A 1970, 'Corroded RC beam repaired with near-face mounted CFRP rods', Concrete Repair, Rehabilitation and Retrofitting II - Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Concrete Repair, Rehabilitation and Retrofitting, ICCRRR, 2nd International Conference on Concrete Repair, Rehabilitation and Retrofitting, CRC Press, Cape Town, SOUTH AFRICA, pp. 435-436.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Frost, SA, Nguyen, ND, Center, JR, Eisman, JA & Nguyen, TV 1970, 'Excess of Post-fracture Mortality Among Men and Women: A Relative Survival Analysis', JOURNAL OF BONE AND MINERAL RESEARCH, 30th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-for-Bone-and-Mineral-Research, AMER SOC BONE & MINERAL RES, Montreal, CANADA, pp. S199-S199.

Frost, S-A, Nguyen, ND, Center, JR, Eisman, JA & Nguyen, TV 1970, 'Timing of Repeated Bone Mineral Density, Measurements: Development of an Absolute Risk-based Prognostic Model', JOURNAL OF BONE AND MINERAL RESEARCH, 30th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-for-Bone-and-Mineral-Research, AMER SOC BONE & MINERAL RES, Montreal, CANADA, pp. S115-S115.

Gandomi, AH, Alavi, AH, Sahab, MG, Gandomi, M & Gorji, MS 1970, 'Empirical models for prediction of flexural resistance and initial stiffness of welded beam-column joints', Easec 11 Eleventh East Asia Pacific Conference on Structural Engineering and Construction.

Gandomi, AH, Alavi, AH, Sahab, MG, Gandomi, M & Safari Gorji, M 1970, 'Empirical models for the prediction of flexural resistance and initial stiffness of welded beam-column joints', Easec 11 Eleventh East Asia Pacific Conference on Structural Engineering and Construction.
View description>>

Welded beam-column joints play a fundamental role in the global response of steel structures. The flexural resistance and initial stiffness properties of the joints are affected by different parameters. It is idealistic to develop models, relating these properties of the joints to the influencing parameters. This paper proposes a novel approach for the prediction of flexural resistance and initial stiffness of welded joints by using a hybrid search algorithm that couples genetic programming (GP) and simulated annealing (SA), called GP/SA. Column height, column flange width, column flange thickness, column flange yield stress, column web thickness, column web yield stress, beam height, beam web thickness, beam web yield stress, beam flange thickness, beam flange width, beam flange yield stress, and weld thickness are used as input variables to the models. A reliable database from the previously published literature was employed to develop the empirical models. The accuracy of the proposed models is satisfactory as compared to experimental results. GP/SA models are further compared with the corresponding design code (Eurocode 3) reference values. The results demonstrate that the GP/SA based models have better performance than Eurocode 3 models.

Gao, Y, Zhang, G & Lu, J 1970, 'A Particle Swarm Optimization Based Algorithm for Fuzzy Bilevel Decision Making with Objective-Shared Followers', SIMULATED EVOLUTION AND LEARNING, PROCEEDINGS, Asia-Pacific Conference on Simulated Evolution and Learning, Springer, Melbourne, Australia, pp. 190-199.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

A bilevel decision problem may have multiple followers as the lower decision units and have fuzzy demands simultaneously. This paper focuses on problems of fuzzy linear bilevel decision making with multiple followers who share a common objective but have different constraints (FBOSF). Based on the ranking relationship among fuzzy sets defined by cut set and satisfactory degree, a FBOSF model is presented and a particle swarm optimization based algorithm is developed.

Gao, Y, Zhang, G, Lu, J & Goyal, M 1970, 'A decision support system for fuzzy bilevel decision making', COMPUTATIONAL INTELLIGENCE IN DECISION AND CONTROL, International Fuzzy Logic and Intelligent technologies in Nuclear Science Conference, World Scientific Publishing Co., Inc., Madrid, Spain, pp. 763-768.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

Bilevel decision techniques are developed for decentralized decision problems, which may be defined by fuzzy coefficients. Based on a fuzzy linear bilevel (FLBL) model and two FLBL algorithms, this research develops a FLBL decision support system (FLBLDS

Gardner, A & Willey, K 1970, 'Developing teamwork and other professional skills while teaching reinforced concrete design', IABSE Congress, Chicago 2008: Creating and Renewing Urban Structures – Tall Buildings, Bridges and Infrastructure, IABSE Congress, Chicago 2008: Creating and Renewing Urban Structures – Tall Buildings, Bridges and Infrastructure, International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering (IABSE), Chicago, USA, pp. 334-335.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

<p>Professionals, in addition to being technically competent, need a range of generic skills. These include teamwork, communication, being able to think both critically and independently, being able to critically appraise one’s work and the work of others and an appreciation of the need and value of reflection in both their personal and professional life [1, 2]. However, there is a reported competency gap between the skills required by employers and those developed by students during their undergraduate courses [3, 4]. At the University of Technology, Sydney, we are using self and peer assessment in our Engineering program to develop professional competencies in undergraduate engineering students. Its co-ordinated use is providing opportunities for students to practise, develop and assess their professional skills and develop their judgement [5] within subjects where traditional discipline content is taught.</p>

Ge, Y & Esselle, KP 1970, 'Analysis and design of low-profile high-gain resonant cavity antennas with single-layer superstrates', 2008 2nd International Conference on Signal Processing and Communication Systems, 2008 2nd International Conference on Signal Processing and Communication Systems (ICSPCS 2008), IEEE, Gold Coast, AUSTRALIA, pp. 1-5.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Geng, X, Wang, L, Li, M, Wu, Q & Smith-Miles, K 1970, 'Adaptive fusion of gait and face for human identification in video', 2008 IEEE WORKSHOP ON APPLICATIONS OF COMPUTER VISION, IEEE Workshop on Applications of Computer Vision, IEEE, CO, Copper Mt, pp. 94-+.

Geng, X, Wang, L, Li, M, Wu, Q & Smith-Miles, K 1970, 'Adaptive Fusion of Gait and Face for Human Identification in Video', 2008 IEEE Workshop on Applications of Computer Vision, 2008 IEEE Workshop on Applications of Computer Vision (WACV), IEEE, Copper Mountain, CO, USA, pp. 1-6.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

Most work on multi-biometric fusion is based on static fusion rules which cannot respond to the changes of the environment and the individual users. This paper proposes adaptive multi-biometric fusion, which dynamically adjusts the fusion rules to suit the real-time external conditions. As a typical example, the adaptive fusion of gait and face in video is studied. Two factors that may affect the relationship between gait and face in the fusion are considered, i.e., the view angle and the subject-to-camera distance. Together they determine the way gait and face are fused at an arbitrary time. Experimental results show that the adaptive fusion performs significantly better than not only single biometric traits, but also those widely adopted static fusion rules including SUM, PRODUCT, MIN, and MAX.

Gens, A, Do Guimarães, LN, Śanchez, M & Sheng, D 1970, 'Developments in modelling the generalised behaviour of unsaturated soils', Unsaturated Soils Advances in Geo Engineering Proceedings of the 1st European Conference on Unsaturated Soils E Unsat 2008, 1st European Conference on Unsaturated Soils, CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP, Durham, ENGLAND, pp. 53-61.
View description>>

A number of developments for the description of the generalised behaviour of unsaturated soils are presented. They can be considered as extensions of the conventional elastoplastic models developed in recent years to simulate the stress-strain behaviour of this type of soils. The following topics are addressed: the consideration of coupled hydraulic models in a thermodynamical framework, the introduction of structural components in the modelling of expansive soil behaviour and the incorporation of temperature and chemical effects. © 2008 Taylor & Francis Group, London.

Gentile, C, Fleming, P, Mironov, V, Argraves, WS & Drake, CJ 1970, 'Blood Vessel‐Like Tissue Spheroids as Modules for the Assembly of Blood Vessels', The FASEB Journal, Wiley.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

Blood vessel‐like tissue spheroids (BVLTS) were generated in hanging drop culture from either murine allantoic tissue or mixtures of human EC and SMC. Essential to the generation of BVLTS was the vascular fusion‐promoting activity of VEGF, which allowed the inner network of small caliber endothelial tubes initially formed within the spheroids to be transformed into a single, large endothelial‐lined central cavity. Our designation of these spheroids as blood vessel‐like was based on their morphological and immunohistochemical properties. Specifically, BVLTS were characterized by the presence of an inner PECAM/VE‐cadherin positive endothelium defining a central lumen (diameter >300μm) that is surrounded by an outer layer of (SMA‐positive cells. That BVLTS possessed a true lumen was demonstrated by the finding that Qdots microinjected into the central space were both confined to and retained within the EC‐lined cavity. Further, the blood vessel‐like properties of BVLTS were demonstrated by our finding that murine BVLTS responded to vasoactive compounds in a manner consistent with that observed in vivo. That BVLTS have utility as modules for the assembly of intermediate sized blood vessels is supported by our finding that individual BVLTS can fuse to form larger vascular structures. Future efforts will be directed at assembling and perfusion testing vascular tubes generated from BVLTSs.

Gerber, C, Crews, KI, Sigrist, C & Samali, B 1970, 'A numerical approach for assessing the behaviours of timber stressed panels', Proc. ASEC 2008, Australian Structural Engineering Conference, The Meeting Planners, Melbourne, pp. 1-11.

Getian Ye, Yang Wang, Jie Xu, Gunawan Herman & Bang Zhang 1970, 'A practical approach to multiple super-resolution sprite generation', 2008 IEEE 10th Workshop on Multimedia Signal Processing, 2008 IEEE 10th Workshop on Multimedia Signal Processing (MMSP), IEEE, pp. 70-75.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

The MPEG-4 video coding standard introduces a novel concept of sprite or mosaic that is a large image composed of pixels belonging to a video object visible throughout a video segment. The sprite captures spatio-temporal information in a very compact way and makes it possible for efficient object-based video compression. In this paper, we propose a practical approach to generating multiple super-resolution sprites for sprite coding. In order to construct super-resolution sprites and reduce coding cost, we firstly partition a video sequence into multiple independent sprites and group the images covering a similar scene into the same sprite. We then propose efficient and practical algorithms for cumulative global motion estimation and super-resolution sprite construction. Experiments with real video sequences show that the proposed approach outperforms the previous single sprite and multiple sprite techniques. © 2008 IEEE.

Ghous, H, Kennedy, PJ, Catchpoole, DR & Simoff, SJ 1970, 'Kernel-based visualisation of genes with the gene ontology', Conferences in Research and Practice in Information Technology Series, Australian Data Mining Conference, Australian Computer Society, Adelaide, pp. 133-140.
View description>>

With the development of microarray-based high- throughput technologies for examining genetic and biological information en masse, biologists are now faced with making sense of large lists of genes identi-ffed from their biological experiments. There is a vital need for \system biology' approaches which can allow biologists to see new or unanticipated potential relationships which will lead to new hypotheses and eventual new knowledge. Finding and understanding relationships in this data is a problem well suited to visualisation. We augment genes with their associated terms from the Gene Ontology and visualise them using kernel Principal Component Analysis with both specialised linear and Gaussian kernels. Our results show that this method can correctly visualise genes by their functional relationships and we describe the difference between using the linear and Gaussian kernels on the problem. © 2008, Australian Computer Society, Inc.

Gibson, T, Thai, K, Saxon, J & Pollock, R 1970, 'The effectiveness of safety equipment in horse racing falls', International Research Council on the Biomechanics of Injury - 2008 International IRCOBI Conference on the Biomechanics of Injury, Proceedings, pp. 453-456.
View description>>

The effectiveness of the personal protective equipment PPE used by jockeys and harness drivers in falls during racing was investigated. In Australia the wearing of helmets and protective vests is mandatory in both forms of the sport, though the equipment standards differ. The incidence of injury was analysed and the mechanisms of injury investigated by video analysis of actual injury incidents. The effectiveness of the safety equipment was assessed through physical testing. The differing injury mechanisms and track surfaces in the two sports result in unique requirements for the protective equipment used. The needs for future development of improved equestrian personal protective equipment are outlined.

Gilbert, RI & Nejadi, S 1970, 'An Experimental Study of Flexural Cracking in Reinforced Concrete', ASEC 2008, Australian Structural Engineering Conference, The Meeting Planners, Melbourne, pp. 1-10.

Goldfinch, T, Carew, A, Gardner, AP, Henderson, A, McCarthy, T & Thomas, G 1970, 'Cross-institutional Comparison of Mechanics Examinations: A Guide for the Curious', Proceedings of the 2008 AaeE Conference, Annual Conference of Australasian Association for Engineering Education, Engineers Australia, Yeppoon, Queensland, pp. 1-8.

Gorji, MS, Taribakhsh, M, Gandomi, A & Makhsous, SJ 1970, 'Seismic assessment and retrofit of khorjinee frames in typical Iranian steel buildings', Easec 11 Eleventh East Asia Pacific Conference on Structural Engineering and Construction.
View description>>

Previous post-earthquake inspections and evaluation of damage in buildings in Iran have demonstrated that many steel frame buildings were suffered from high rate of damage due to lack of shear and moment capacities in the connections, especially those with common Khorjinee connections. Khorjinee connection is one of the beam-to-column connections in steel frame structures. It has become especially popular in Iran for conventional buildings, due to its speed and convenient in construction process and economic privileges in comparison to the other types of steel connections. The frames with Khorjinee connections are vulnerable to earthquakes and there are serious concerns about their performance in future earthquakes.

Greentree, AD, Jong, LM, Van Donkelaar, JA, Devitt, SJ, Cole, JH, Stephens, AM, Jamieson, DN & Hollenberg, LCL 1970, 'Spatial adiabatic passage as a quantum wire', 2008 International Conference on Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, 2008 International Conference on Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICONN), IEEE, Melbourne, AUSTRALIA, pp. 156-159.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Guillon, M, Dholakia, K & McGloin, D 1970, 'Aerosol tweezing with a super-continuum laser beam', SPIE Proceedings, NanoScience + Engineering, SPIE, San Diego, CA, pp. 70381Q-70381Q.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Guo, W, Ngo, H, Palmer, CG, Xing, W, Yen-Jung, H & Listowski, A 1970, 'Enhanced biological nutrient removal by a single stage sponge-submerged membrane bioreactor in waste water treatment for reuse', Proc.IWA Regional Conference, IWA Regional Conference, IWA, Moscow, pp. 168-173.

Guo, W, Xing, W, Ngo, H, Hu, YA, Palmer, CG & Zhang, R 1970, 'Enhancement of organics removal by an integrated non woven media biofilter-submerged membrane adsorption hybrid system', Proc. 6th Regional Symposium on Membrane Science & Technology, Regional Symposium on Membrane Science & Technology, Prince of Songkla University, Thailand, pp. 1-8.

Guo, Y, Dou, Y, Zhu, J, Lu, H & Jin, J 1970, 'Numerical magnetic field analysis and parameter computation of a PM synchronous generator', Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Electrical Machines and Systems Icems 2008, 11th International Conference on Electrical Machines and Systems, WORLD PUBLISHING CORPORATION, Huazhong Univ Sci & Technol, Wuhan, PEOPLES R CHINA, pp. 2866-2869.
View description>>

This paper presents the parameter computation and performance prediction of a permanent magnet (PM) synchronous generator based on numerical magnetic field analyses. The finite element method is employed to accurately determine the magnetic field distribution and key parameters of the machine, such as the winding flux, back electromotive force, winding inductance and core loss. An equivalent electrical circuit is applied to predict the generator performance such as the external characteristic.

Guo, Y, Dou, Y, Zhu, J, Lu, H & Jin, J 1970, 'Numerical Magnetic Field Analysis and Performance Computation of a Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generator', Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Electrical Machines and Systems (ICEMS), World Publishing Corporation, Wuhan, China, pp. 2866-2869.

Guo, Y, Wang, X, Zhu, J & Lu, H 1970, 'Development of a Wound Rotor Brushless Doubly Fed Machine Based on Slot MMF Harmonics', 2008 IEEE INDUSTRY APPLICATIONS SOCIETY ANNUAL MEETING, VOLS 1-5, IEEE Industry-Applications-Society Annual Meeting, IEEE, Alberta, CANADA, pp. 524-+.

Guo, Y, Wang, X, Zhu, JG & Lu, H 1970, 'Development of a Wound Rotor Brushless Doubly Fed Machine Based on Slot MMF Harmonics', 2008 IEEE Industry Applications Society Annual Meeting, 2008 IEEE Industry Applications Society Annual Meeting (IAS), IEEE, Edmonton, Canada, pp. 1-5.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

In the rotor winding magnetomotive force (MMF) of an ac machine, there exist so-called slot harmonics which appear in pairs and the lower order harmonic of each pair rotates in the opposite direction against the fundamental component. In addition, the slot harmonics have the same winding factor as the fundamental component. Based on these properties, this paper develops a brushless doubly fed machine (BDFM) with wound rotor. The machine consists of two stator windings with p1 and p2 pole-pairs, respectively. The rotor has a normal symmetrical multi-phase winding, in which rotating MMFs with p1 and p2 pole-pairs are induced by their stator counterparts. When the number of rotor slots equals the sum p1 and p2, the two MMFs rotate in opposite directions with respect to the rotor, satisfying the requirement of a BDFM. The major advantage of such a machine is that for both p1 and p2 pole-pair MMFs the winding factor is as high as that of the fundamental component, leading to high utilization of rotor winding and electrical efficiency.

Guo, Y, Zhu, J, Chen, J, Su, SW, Lu, H & Jin, J 1970, 'Performance Analysis of a Claw Pole PM Motor', Proceedings of Australasian Universities Power Engineering Conference 2008, Australasian Universities Power Engineering Conference, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia, pp. 1-5.
View description>>

This paper presents the performance analysis of a three-phase three-stack permanent magnet (PM) claw pole motor by using an improved phase variable model, which has been developed for accurate and efficient performance simulation of PM brushless dc motors. The improved model can take into account the effect of magnetic saturation and rotor position dependence of key parameters including back electromagnetic force, winding inductance, cogging torque and core loss, which are obtained from time-stepping nonlinear magnetic field finite element analysis (FEA). The presented model has been implemented in Simulink environment and employed to simulate the dynamic and steady-state performance of the three-phase three-stack PM claw pole motor with soft magnetic composite stator. Parameter computation and performance simulation are validated by experiments on the motor prototype.

Hadgraft, R 1970, 'Computer-aided learning and assessment: The natural partner for project-based learning', ASEE Annual Conference and Exposition Conference Proceedings.
View description>>

There are significant pressures on higher education in Australia: continually reducing funding per student in real terms, an exponential growth in the knowledge base and growth in complexity of the problems that engineers face. Students need more project work to allow them to develop real engineering expertise (as opposed to engineering knowledge and skills). Project-based learning is aided by ready access to good online materials that can help students acquire basic skills and that will allow them to test their basic competency. It's time that we shared these learning resources across the sector (both nationally and internationally). Specifically, we should identify existing good online materials and make them readily available. We should develop, if necessary, good online assessment so that students can test their skills at any time, without waiting for end of semester exams. © American Society for Engineering Education, 2008.

Hadgraft, RG 1970, 'Computer-aided learning and assessment is needed to aid project-based learning', Proceedings of 36th European Society for Engineering Education Sefi Conference on Quality Assessment Employability and Innovation.
View description>>

There are significant pressures on higher education: reducing funding per student in real terms, an exponential growth in the knowledge base and growth in complexity and interconnectedness of the problems that engineers face as the Earth's climate and society changes. Students need more project work to allow them to develop real engineering expertise to tackle these complex problems (as opposed to acquiring just basic engineering knowledge and skills). Project-based learning is aided by ready access to good online materials that can help students acquire basic skills and that will allow them to test their basic competency. It is time to make these learning resources more readily available across the sector (both nationally and internationally). Although there are vast collections of tutorials and other learning objects, they are not yet well organised and it is difficult to see where the gaps are. For example, is there a site that would allow someone to study any topic in civil engineering in an organised way? As well, we should develop good online assessment so that students can test their skills at any time, without waiting for end of semester exams. This paper is a call to action for the international discipline communities to organise the existing online resources and to develop additional resources and online assessment.

Hadgraft, RG, Carew, AL, Therese, SA & Blundell, DL 1970, 'Teaching and assessing systems thinking in engineering', Research in Engineering Education Symposium 2008, pp. 230-235.

Hai Dong, Hussain, FK & Chang, E 1970, 'A survey in semantic search technologies', 2008 2nd IEEE International Conference on Digital Ecosystems and Technologies, 2008 2nd IEEE International Conference on Digital Ecosystems and Technologies (DEST), IEEE, Phitsanulok, Thailand, pp. 403-408.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

In this paper, we make a survey over the primary literature regarding semantic search technologies. By classifying the literature into six main categories, we review their characteristics respectively. In addition, the issues within the reviewed semantic search methods and engines are analysed and concluded based on four perspectives.

Hai Dong, Hussain, FK & Chang, E 1970, 'A survey in traditional information retrieval models', 2008 2nd IEEE International Conference on Digital Ecosystems and Technologies, 2008 2nd IEEE International Conference on Digital Ecosystems and Technologies (DEST), IEEE, Phitsanulok, Thailand, pp. 397-402.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

As a matter of fact, many so-called semantic search algorithms are derived from the traditional indexterm- based search models. In this paper, we survey the traditional information retrieval models by categorizing them into three main classes and eleven subclasses, and analyse their benefits and issues of them.

Hai Dong, Hussain, FK & Chang, E 1970, 'Developing a conceptual framework of semantic search engine to promote the collaborations between SMEs in the digital ecosystems environment', 2008 2nd IEEE International Conference on Digital Ecosystems and Technologies, 2008 2nd IEEE International Conference on Digital Ecosystems and Technologies (DEST), IEEE, Phitsanulok, Thailand, pp. 409-412.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

The research with regards to digital ecosystems emerged in the end of last century, and has developed in this century. Due to its immaturity, some fields within it are deemed to be blank. This research proposes to fill one of the blanks in the digital ecosystems research. By analyzing the issues in the current research, we propose to develop a semantic search engine, with the purpose of querying services provided by SMEs. The objective of this research is to build a reliable and trustworthy link between SMEs in the digital ecosystems environment. Relevant research methods and steps are discussed in this paper.

Hai Dong, Hussain, FK & Chang, E 1970, 'Developing a semantic service transaction system in the DE environment', 2008 6th IEEE International Conference on Industrial Informatics, 2008 6th IEEE International Conference on Industrial Informatics (INDIN), IEEE, Daejeon, SOUTH KOREA, pp. 1353-1357.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

Digital Ecosystem (DE), which is an emerging service environment beyond the service-oriented architecture (SOA), is increasingly attracting researchers' interest. However, current literature reveals that there is not reliable and trustworthy technical su

Hamilton, TJ, Jin, C, van Schaik, A & Tapson, J 1970, 'A 2-D silicon cochlea with an improved automatic quality factor control-loop', 2008 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS), 2008 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS), IEEE, Seattle, WA, pp. 1772-1775.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Hamilton, TJ, Tapson, J, Jin, C & van Schaik, A 1970, 'Analogue VLSI implementations of two dimensional, nonlinear, active cochlea models', 2008 IEEE Biomedical Circuits and Systems Conference, 2008 IEEE Biomedical Circuits and Systems Conference, IEEE, Baltimore, MD, pp. 153-156.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Hamilton, TJ, van Schaik, A & Cornell, B 1970, 'Measuring the impedance of a tethered bilayer membrane biosensor', 2008 IEEE Biomedical Circuits and Systems Conference, 2008 IEEE Biomedical Circuits and Systems Conference, IEEE, Baltimore, MD, pp. 361-364.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Hammadi, A, Hussain, FK, Chang, E, Dillon, TS & Ali, S 1970, 'Ontological framework for trust &#x00026; reputation for DBE', 2008 2nd IEEE International Conference on Digital Ecosystems and Technologies, 2008 2nd IEEE International Conference on Digital Ecosystems and Technologies (DEST), IEEE, Phitsanulok, THAILAND, pp. 650-653.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

Abstract- Today's e-Businesses rely heavily on trust and reputation systems. These systems are key indicators for businesses performance. Businesses that interact with each other for their business needs form a Digital Business Ecosystem (DBE). Members ofDBE need to know the trust and reputation value of each other before the start of business interactions. The feedback mechanism is needed so that members of DBE form a unanimous opinion about trustworthiness of any specific member of the community and based their business interactions on this opinion. We present an ontological framework that will combine the feedback from all different trust and reputation information publicly available for a specific member of a domain and gives the knowledge representation on the bases of combined feedback. We call this ontological framework 'feedback ontology'.

Hannan, J & Kandasamy, J 1970, 'Experience of 1D and 2D flood modelling in Australia—a guide to model selection based on channel and floodplain characteristics', Flood Risk Management: Research and Practice - Proceedings of the European Conference, European Conference on Flood Risk Management: Research and Practice, CRC Press, Oxford, UK, pp. 273-280.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

The average annual cost of flooding in Australia is $318 million per year (BTE, 2001). Some 100 flood studies, floodplain management studies and plans are currently being undertaken in Australia to seek to reduce the potential flood risk to residents and properties in flood-affected areas. Consequently, a great body of knowledge and experience in flood modelling practices has been acquired, from one-dimensional (1D) steady-state models through to two-dimensional (2D) finite element hydrodynamic models. This paper critically appraises 1D and 2D hydraulic modelling techniques based on a quantitative comparison of MIKE-11, HEC-RAS and RMA-2 modelling results for a creek system in Australia. Based on the findings of the case study, the paper provides practical guidance for modellers on the suitability of 1D and 2D modelling for common physical channel and floodplain characteristics.

Hao, H, Li, ZX, Zhu, XQ & Wang, M 1970, 'Blast fragments prediction - Current approaches and challenges', Proceedings of the 10th International Symposium on Structural Engineering for Young Experts Isseye 2008, 10th International Symposium on Structural Engineering for Young Experts, SCIENCE PRESS BEIJING, Hunan Univ, Changsha, PEOPLES R CHINA, pp. 3-10.
View description>>

Debris generated from damaged structure components under blast loading imposes a great threat to occupants of building structures. The current practice in predicting blast induced debris is mainly based on empirical relations established using field blast test data. Because the inherent structural conditions such as dimensions, material properties, boundary conditions and surrounding environments vary from structure to structure and are usually different from the model structures tested in the field, these empirical relations do not necessarily give reliable predictions of blast debris in an explosion event. Many researchers have developed theoretical and numerical models to predict fragmentation process and fragment distributions of construction materials. The theoretical models are based primarily on the theory of continuum damage mechanics and/or fracture mechanics, and energy and momentum balance principles. The numerical models include finite element approach with interface constraints, discrete element model, meshfree model, lattice model and applied element method. Because the dynamic fragmentation process of construction materials such as masonry and concrete under blast loading is very complex, all these models have intrinsic difficulties for practical application to predict blast generated debris. This paper will conduct a review of the current methods, and discuss their advantages and disadvantages. The challenges to develop an efficient and reliable method to predict fragmentation process and fragment distribution will be outlined. Since fragmentation process depends on the dynamic material properties, commonly used material models for concrete and masonry will also be introduced. Finally, the recently developed models by the authors to predict concrete and masonry wall damage and probabilistic fragment distributions will be briefly discussed.

Hao, H, Zhu, XQ & Deeks, AJ 1970, 'An investigation of the reliability of ambient vibration tests for extracting structural vibration properties', Proceedings of the 10th International Symposium on Structural Engineering for Young Experts Isseye 2008, 10th International Symposium on Structural Engineering for Young Experts, SCIENCE PRESS BEIJING, Hunan Univ, Changsha, PEOPLES R CHINA, pp. 1489-1494.
View description>>

Ambient vibration tests have been gaining more and more popularity in structural condition monitoring because they are easy to carry out and cause only minimum disturbance to the normal operation of the tested structures. Compared to the forced vibration test, the input force is not known in ambient vibration test. The ambient excitation sources may come from wind, sea wave, traffic, and other natural sources and human activities. Common approaches to extract structural vibration properties from ambient vibration tests are based on the assumption that the ambient excitation force is a white noise. In reality, the unknown excitation forces may not be white noise, or even not a wide band process, and inevitably contain noises. In this paper, the reliability of using ambient vibration tests to extract structural vibration properties is investigated. Vibration test data from the ASCE/IASC benchmark model obtained from three excitation sources, namely impact hammer, shaker with random white noise excitations and ambient excitation (traffic and human activities) are analyzed. The extracted vibration properties (frequency, mode shape and damping) are compared. A numerical model is also created to simulate dynamic testing. Numerically simulated data is smeared with different types of noises to investigate the influence of noises on extracted structural vibration parameters. Discussions are made on the accuracy of using ambient vibration tests to extract structural vibration properties. The conditions under which the ambient vibration tests lead to accurate structural property extraction are also defined.

Hawryszkiewycz, I 1970, 'Designing Support Systems for Applications Outsourcing', 2008 10th IEEE Conference on E-Commerce Technology and the Fifth IEEE Conference on Enterprise Computing, E-Commerce and E-Services, 2008 10th IEEE Conference on E-Commerce Technology and the Fifth IEEE Conference on Enterprise Computing, E-Commerce and E-Services, IEEE, Washington DC, USA, pp. 323-328.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

The paper describes ways to support outsourcing arrangements using collaborative technologies. It identifies outsourcing falling into the general class of socio-technical systems. It then suggests any supporting systems must emphasize both the social arrangements as well as any functionality needed to carry out the outsourcing goal. At the same time they should provide the dynamic capability to change the arrangements if needed. The paper defines a method for identifying such networks and using them to define role based interfaces to support people in outsourcing arrangements. The paper illustrates with an example of process outsourcing. It then concludes by identifying generic services that can improve the dynamic capabilities of outsourcing.

Hawryszkiewycz, IT 1970, 'Designing business activities to facilitate knowledge sharing', 2008 International Symposium on Collaborative Technologies and Systems, 2008 International Symposium on Collaborative Technologies and Systems (CTS), IEEE, Irvine, California, pp. 321-330.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

This paper provides ways to identify knowledge management requirements in business activities. Knowledge management requirements are determined by the activity goal and the social interactions needed to realize this goal. The paper provides a way to classify business activities and provides guidelines for choosing the social communication patterns within these activities. It then describes ways that the combination of the two can identify knowledge requirements and the technology needed to support and facilitate knowledge sharing.

Hawryszkiewycz, IT 1970, 'Integrating collaboration into the design of complex adaptive systems', Acis 2008 Proceedings 19th Australasian Conference on Information Systems, Australasian Conference on Information Systems, ACIS2009, Christchurch, New Zealand, pp. 369-377.
View description>>

The paper stresses the need to emphasize social relationships in system design especially in systems that cross enterprise boundaries in a changing environment. The paper describes these systems as a new class of systems - complex adaptive systems. It describes ways to model collaboration networks in such systems both as the drivers of change and as indicators of knowledge requirements. The paper defines a blueprint that for integrating business activities, network and knowledge into models that exhibit the characteristics of complex adaptive systems. It includes examples to illustrate the models. © 2008 I.T. Hawryszkiewycz.

Hawryszkiewycz, IT 1970, 'Modeling increasingly complex socio-technical environments', Iceis 2008 Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Enterprise Information Systems, International Conference on Enterprise Information Systems, INSTICC, Barcelona, Spain, pp. 111-116.
View description>>

The paper focuses on modeling large open information systems. These are systems composed of many activities, which include relationships between activity participants to create new knowledge and services. The systems are further complicated by the changing nature of both the activities and relationships. The paper proposes increased emphasis on modelling work and social structures and using the models to generate role based interfaces. It illustrates the application to the design of complex outsourcing systems.

Hawryszkiewycz, IT 1970, 'Supporting Complex Adaptive Processes with Lightweight Platforms', Pervasive Collaborative Networks, Working Conference on VIRTUAL ENTERPRISES, Springer US, Poznan, pp. 381-388.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

This paper begins by describing the evolving environment towards greater adaptability in todayâs business processes and the limitations of current methodologies in providing ways to support such processes. Support systems require ways to integrate social connectivity and interactivity into business processes in ways that enable the process to be dynamically changed. The support systems must thus integrate social interactions within business contexts in ways that allow the interactions to change the process. The paper will describe models that identify requirements for such systems and convert the models to lightweight implementations that support flexibility. It will use ideas from complexity theory as well as social patterns to create the models.

Hazelton, P, Malone, M & Gardner, A 1970, 'A multicultural, multidisciplinary, short course to introduce recently graduated engineers to the global nature of professional practice', Proceedings of 36th European Society for Engineering Education Sefi Conference on Quality Assessment Employability and Innovation, SEFI - Annual Conference of European Society for Engineering Education, Sense Publishers, Aalborg, Denmark, pp. 1-7.
View description>>

Since 2001, The International Institute of Women in Engineering (IIWE) at EPF, Ecole d'ingenieurs generaliste, Sceaux, France, has conducted a three weeks short course for culturally and discipline diverse, recently graduated and final year engineering students. The aim of this course is to introduce young engineers to broad global concepts and issues relating to their future professional practice, through intercultural learning. The initial course program provided examples of engineering practices in a variety of countries throughout the world. However, to achieve an intercultural, multidisciplinary learning outcome, a specific course theme and a project focusing on sustainable engineering and the inclusion of a variety of industrial visits were introduced in 2006. This paper will discuss the success of the strategies used to engage international students in the IIWE course activities, and after consideration of the results of participant surveys, discusses curriculum initiatives that followed.

He, X, Jia, W & Wu, Q 1970, 'An approach of canny edge detection with virtual hexagonal image structure', 2008 10th International Conference on Control Automation Robotics and Vision Icarcv 2008, International Conference on Control, Automation, Robotics and Vision, IEEE, Hanoi, Vietnam, pp. 879-882.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

Edge detection plays an important role in the areas of image processing, multimedia and computer vision. Gradient-based edge detection is a straightforward method to identify the edge points in the original grey-level image. It is intuitive that, in the human vision system, the edge points always appear where the gradient magnitude assumes a maximum. Hexagonal structure is an image structure alternative to traditional square image structure. The geometrical arrangement of pixels on a hexagonal structure can be described as a collection of hexagonal pixels. Because all the existing hardware for capturing image and for displaying image are produced based on square structure, an approach that uses bilinear interpolation and tri-linear interpolation is applied for conversion between square and hexagonal structures. Based on this approach, an edge detection method is proposed. This method performs Gaussian filtering to suppress image noise and computes gradients on the hexagonal structure. The pixel edge strengths on the square structure are then estimated before Canny' edge detector is applied to determine the final edge map. The experimental results show that the proposed method improves the edge detection accuracy and efficiency. © 2008 IEEE.

He, X, Zheng, L, Qiang Wu, Wenjing Jia, Bijan Samali & Palaniswami, M 1970, 'Segmentation of characters on car license plates', 2008 IEEE 10th Workshop on Multimedia Signal Processing, 2008 IEEE 10th Workshop on Multimedia Signal Processing (MMSP), IEEE, Cairns, Australia, pp. 399-402.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

License plate recognition usually contains three steps, namely license plate detection/localization, character segmentation and character recognition. When reading characters on a license plate one by one after license plate detection step, it is crucial to accurately segment the characters. The segmentation step may be affected by many factors such as license plate boundaries (frames). The recognition accuracy will be significantly reduced if the characters are not properly segmented. This paper presents an efficient algorithm for character segmentation on a license plate. The algorithm follows the step that detects the license plates using an AdaBoost algorithm. It is based on an efficient and accurate skew and slant correction of license plates, and works together with boundary (frame) removal of license plates. The algorithm is efficient and can be applied in real-time applications. The experiments are performed to show the accuracy of segmentation. © 2008 IEEE.

Heijboer, M & van den Hoven, E 1970, 'Keeping up appearances', Proceedings of the 5th Nordic conference on Human-computer interaction: building bridges, NordiCHI08: 5th Nordic Conference on Human-Computer Interaction, ACM, Lund, Sweden, pp. 162-171.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

The design and interaction of physical game artefacts is becoming increasingly important for the design of digital tabletop games. In this paper a study is described investigating the differences in interpretations of realistic and abstract game artifacts comparing children and adults. A game was created on a digital tabletop as a carrier for the user evaluation presented in this paper. The appearance of the game artifacts was explored and a family of each of the artifacts was created. The interpretations of each of the individual artifacts and their different visual appearances were tested to determine whether children rank and interpret the functionalities of the artefacts differently than adults. The results showed that overall the understanding of abstract artifacts compared to realistic ones was best for both children and adults. It also indicated there was no significant difference in the interpretations of the realistic and abstract artefacts between children and adults.

Hellerud, E, Burnett, I, Solvang, A & Svensson, UP 1970, 'Encoding higher order ambisonics with AAC', Audio Engineering Society 124th Audio Engineering Society Convention 2008, pp. 501-508.
View description>>

In this work we explore a simple method for reducing the bit rate needed for transmitting and storing Higher Order Ambisonics (HOA). The HOA B-format signals are simply encoded using Advanced Audio Coding (AAC) as if they were individual mono signals. Wave field simulations show that by allocating more bits to the lower order signals than the higher the resulting error is very low in the sweet spot, but increases as function of distance from the center. Encoding the higher order signals with a low bit rate does not lead to a reduced audio quality. The spatial information is improved when higher-order channels are included, even if these are encoded with a low bit rate.

Herath, DC, Kodagoda, S, Dissanayake, G & IEEE 1970, 'New framework for simultaneous localization and mapping: Multi map SLAM', 2008 IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ROBOTICS AND AUTOMATION, VOLS 1-9, IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation, IEEE, Pasadena, California, pp. 1892-1897.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

The main contribution of this paper arises from the development of a new framework, which has its inspiration in the mechanics of human navigation, for solving the problem of Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (SLAM). The proposed framework has specific relevance to vision based SLAM, in particular, small baseline stereo vision based SLAM and addresses several key issues relevant to the particular sensor domain. Firstly, as observed in the authors' earlier work, the particular sensing device has a highly nonlinear observation model resulting in inconsistent state estimations when standard recursive estimators such as the Extended Kalman Filter (EKF) or the Unscented variants are used. Secondly, vision based approaches tend to have issues related to large feature density, narrow field of view and the potential requirement of maintaining large databases for vision based data association techniques. The proposed Multi Map SLAM solution addresses the filter inconsistency issue by formulating the SLAM problem as a nonlinear batch optimization. Feature management is addressed through a two tier map representation. The two maps have unique attributes assigned to them. The Global Map (GM) is a compact global representation of the robots environment and the Local Map (LM) is exclusively used for low-level navigation between local points in the robot's navigation horizon. ©2008 IEEE.

Ho, DP, Vigneswaran, S, Ngo, H, Shon, H & Kandasamy, JK 1970, 'Adsorption and Photocatalysis Kinetics of UV Light Responsive and Visible Light Responsive Titanium Dioxide in Wastewater Treatment', Proceedings of the IWA World Water Congress and Exhibition 2008, IWA World Water Congress, International Water Association (IWA), Vienna, Austria, pp. 1-8.
View description>>

The possible use of photocatalysis with TiO2 in wastewater treatment has been the focus of numerous studies in recent years. In this study, the adsorption and photocatalytic oxidation of organic compounds by UV light responsive titanium dioxide (P25) and visible light responsive titanium dioxide (Vis-TiO2) were investigated. Firstly, the adsorption behavior of the two photocatalysts was examined by the adsorption isotherm and kinetics experiments. The photocatalytic reactivity of the catalysts was then compared at different operating conditions. The results indicate that Freundlich model well described the adsorption capacity of both materials. The photocatalytic kinetics showed that the highest removal of NOM was achieved at an optimum concentration of 1.0 g/L of both photocatalysts. In case of P25, one-hour irradiation of UV light at the intensity of 184.64 mW/cm2 resulted in approximately 57% of TOC removal. It was observed that visible light photoexciting Vis- TiO2 required a longer irradiation time of 2 days to remove 65% of organic matters.

Hoang, DB, Lawrence, E, Ahmad, NF, Balasubramanian, V, Homer, C, Foureur, M, Leap, N & IEEE 1970, 'Assistive Care Loop with Electronic Maternity Records', 2008 10TH IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON E-HEALTH NETWORKING, APPLICATIONS AND SERVICES, International Conference on e-Health Networking, Applications and Services, IEEE, Biopolis, Singapore, pp. 118-123.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

Surprisingly women-held pregnancy health records (paper based) are still predominantly used in most hospitals in Australia. These records are not standardized as each hospital or state has a slightly different version. Early efforts have been made to standardize pregnancy records and make them available electronically. Electronic record systems do not allow dynamic interaction between users and they are not accessible when users are mobile. This paper describes an Assistive Maternity Care (AMC) system that addresses a number of important issues: 1) transforming a women-held paper-based record for pregnancy care into an Electronic Maternity Record (EMR); 2) investigating mechanisms to make the record active; 3) creating a system whereby details of the pregnant women and their carers can be recorded, updated over wired and wireless networks; and 4) creating a pregnancy care loop over which midwives and doctors and pregnant women under their care can communicate effectively anywhere, anytime for the duration of pregnancy. © 2008 IEEE.

Hollow, R, Hobbs, G, Champion, DJ, Amy, S, Khoo, J, Chapman, J, Mulcahy, M, Alem, L, Krumm-Heller, A, McKinnon, D, Danaia, L, Jenet, F & Carr, M 1970, 'PULSE@Parkes: Pulsar Observing for High School Students', PREPARING FOR THE 2009 INTERNATIONAL YEAR OF ASTRONOMY: A HANDS-ON SYMPOSIUM, Symposium and Related Workshops on International Year of Astronomy held in Conjunction with 212th Meeting of the American-Astronomical-Society, ASTRONOMICAL SOC PACIFIC, St Louis, MO, pp. 190-196.

Hong, D, Höllerer, T, Haller, M, Takemura, H, Cheok, AD, Kim, GJ, Billinghurst, M, Woo, W, Hornecker, E, Jacob, RJK, Hummels, C, Ullmer, B, Schmidt, A, van den Hoven, E & Mazalek, A 1970, 'Advances in Tangible Interaction and Ubiquitous Virtual Reality', IEEE Pervasive Computing, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE), pp. 90-96.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

The first article reports on context-sensitive augmented-reality research presented at the 2007 International Symposium on Ubiquitous Virtual Reality. This student-organized event explored the use of contextual information, design principles, and effective user evaluation for developing AR applications for ubiquitous computing environments. The second article reports on The International Conference on Tangible and Embedded Interaction, the first conference series worldwide to focus on tangible and embedded interaction. The conference is interdisciplinary, covering the arts, hardware design, software toolkits for prototyping, and user studies and theory development. © 2006 IEEE.

Hong, S & Feuerlicht, G 1970, 'Web Service Interface Design for e-Business Application: A Minimalistic Design Approach', 2008 4th International Conference on Next Generation Web Services Practices, 2008 4th International Conference on Next Generation Web Services Practices (NWESP), IEEE, Seoul, Korea, pp. 143-150.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

The success of projects using web service will, to a large extent depend on effective interface design and development methodologies used in the construction of web applications. As service interface constitutes the basic building blocks of service oriented applications; decisions about what constitute a service operation and what elements are inside the schema are of vital importance. This paper proposes to use a minimalistic design approach to optimise a set of standard business documents and interfaces where multiple business events consume related business documents. The core idea of the interface design is that any events to be applied to a document are to be included in the document itself. Thus the resulting interface is able to process multiple actions corresponding to a business document. The method will not only reduce the number of interfaces in the service and the elements in the message but ultimately reduce the number of messages exchanged.

Hossain, MJ, Pota, H & Ugrinovskii, V 1970, 'Short and long-term dynamic voltage instability', IFAC Proceedings Volumes IFAC Papersonline.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

This paper presents a novel approach to capture the development of dynamic voltage instability caused by the dynamics of different power system devices, such as loads, generators, automatic voltage regulators (AVR), overexcitation limiters (OXL), power system stabilizers (PSS), and on-load tap changing (OLTC) transformers using an accurate time-domain analysis. A small power system model is presented which allows one to analyse combinations of these effects, showing how different major forms of long-term and short-term dynamic voltage instability occur. Effects of line tripping, sudden change of load, and fault clearing time on dynamic voltage instability will also be discussed. Finally, advantages of the dynamic analysis over the static analysis will be investigated. Copyright © 2007 International Federation of Automatic Control All Rights Reserved.

Howarth, B, Katupitiya, J, Eaton, R & Kodagoda, S 1970, 'Localization of Visually Indistinguishable Mature Lettuce Heads Using Spatial Information', 2008 15th International Conference on Mechatronics and Machine Vision in Practice, 2008 15th International Conference on Mechatronics and Machine Vision in Practice (M2VIP), IEEE, Auckland, pp. 17-22.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

This paper describes an approach to recognizing and localizing centers of mature lettuce heads in the field when the lettuce leaves obscure the distinctions between plants. This is of great value when using an automatic harvester in cluttered or closely planted vegetation. The aim of this work is to investigate and verify the potential use of spatial rather than visual clues for recognition and localization, with a view to implementing a more robust and sophisticated system if promise is shown. Colour/texture information was difficult to use so spatial information was used instead. A laser range finder was used to generate a height plot from above the plants. Lettuce examples were used to learn the radial distribution of the lettuce model. This was compared with the distributions of arbitrary locations in new scans to locate possible lettuce locations. Planting distance information was then used to localize the final lettuce positions. The algorithm was able to successfully locate 15 out of 16 sample lettuces.

Huang, A, Milne, D, Frank, E & Witten, IH 1970, 'Clustering Documents with Active Learning Using Wikipedia', 2008 Eighth IEEE International Conference on Data Mining, 2008 Eighth IEEE International Conference on Data Mining (ICDM), IEEE, Pisa, ITALY, pp. 839-844.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Huang, ML, Liang, J & Nguyen, QV 1970, 'A Usability Study on the Use of Multi-Context Visualization', 2008 Fifth International Conference on Computer Graphics, Imaging and Visualisation, 2008 5th International Conference on Computer Graphics, Imaging and Visualisation (CGIV), IEEE, Penang, Malaysia, pp. 311-316.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

Graph visualization has been widely used in real-world applications, as it provides better presentation of overall data structure. However, there are navigation problems existing in deep and large relational datasets. To address these challenges, a new technique called multi-context visualization, which provides users with rich contextual information, has been proposed as the solution to the navigation in large scale datasets. This paper evaluates the multi-context visualization by conducting an experiment-based user study. To answer whether the more contextual information positively assist in making more accurate and easier decisions, it aims to evaluate the effectiveness and efficiency of the multi-context visualization, by measuring the user performance. Specifically, this usability test was designed to test if the use of multiple context views can improve navigation problems for deep and large relational data sets. © 2008 IEEE.

Huang, S & Su, SW 1970, 'Robust Control for Nonlinear Discrete-Time Systems with Quantitative Input to State Stability Requirement', IFAC Proceedings Volumes, IFAC World Congress, Elsevier BV, Seoul, Korea, pp. 14186-14191.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

In this paper, we consider state feedback robust control problems for discrete-time nonlinear systems subject to disturbances. The objective of the control is to minimize a performance function while guaranteeing a prescribed quantitative input to state stability (ISS) property for the closed-loop systems. By introducing the concept of ISS control invariant set, a sufficient condition for the problem to be feasible is given. Built on the sufficient condition, a computationally efficient control design algorithm based on one-step min-max optimization is developed. An example is given to illustrate the proposed strategy. Copyright © 2007 International Federation of Automatic Control All Rights Reserved.

Huang, S, Wang, Z, Dissanayake, G & Frese, U 1970, 'Iterated SLSJF: A sparse local submap joining algorithm with improved consistency', Proceedings of the 2008 Australasian Conference on Robotics and Automation Acra 2008, Australasian Conference on Robotics and Automation, ARAA, Canberra, Australia, pp. 1-9.
View description>>

This paper presents a new local submap joining algorithm for building large-scale feature based maps. The algorithm is based on the recently developed Sparse Local Submap Joining Filter (SLSJF) and uses multiple iterations to improve the estimate and hence is called Iterated SLSJF (I-SLSJF). The input to the I-SLSJF algorithm is a sequence of local submaps. The output of the algorithm is a global map containing the global positions of all the features as well as all the robot start/end poses of the local submaps. In the submap joining step of I-SLSJF, whenever the change of state estimate computed by an Extended Information Filter (EIF) is larger than a predefined threshold, the information vector and the information matrix is recomputed as a sum of all the local map contributions. This improves the accuracy of the estimate as well as avoids the possibility that the Jacobian with respect to the same feature gets evaluated at different estimate values, which is one of the major causes of inconsistency for EIF/EKF algorithms. Although the computational cost of I-SLSJF is higher than that of SLSJF, the algorithm can still be implemented effciently due to the exactly sparseness of the information matrix. The new algorithm is compared with EKF SLAM and SLSJF using both computer simulation and experimental examples.

Huang, S, Wang, Z, Dissanayake, G & IEEE 1970, 'Exact state and covariance sub-matrix recovery for submap based sparse EIF SLAM algorithm', 2008 IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ROBOTICS AND AUTOMATION, VOLS 1-9, IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation, IEEE, Pasadena, California, pp. 1868-1873.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

This paper provides a novel state vector and covariance sub-matrix recovery algorithm for a recently developed submap based exactly sparse Extended Information Filter (EIF) SLAM algorithm - Sparse Local Submap Joining Filter (SLSJF). The algorithm achieves exact recovery instead of approximate recovery. The recovery algorithm is very efficient because of an incremental Cholesky factorization approach and a natural reordering of the global state vector. Simulation results show that the computation cost of the SLSJF is much lower as compared with the sequential map joining algorithm using Extended Kalman Filter (EKF). The SLSJF with the proposed recovery algorithm is also successfully applied to the Victoria Park data set. ©2008 IEEE.

Huang, X 1970, 'Making carrier frequency offset an advantage for orthogonal frequency division multiplexing', 2008 Third International Conference on Communications and Networking in China, 2008 Third International Conference on Communications and Networking in China (CHINACOM), IEEE, pp. 855-859.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

Contrary to the common belief that the carrier frequency offset (CFO) in an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) system would adversely impact on system performance, this paper shows that the CFO actually has the effect of linear precoding among transmitted data symbols and hence can be exploited to improve the diversity performance over frequency-selective fading channels. With both analysis and Monte Carlo simulation, it is proved that an OFDM system with CFO equal to half of the subcarrier spacing can potentially achieve the performance of diversity order four by the maximum-likelihood detection and demonstrate a 5 dB improvement using the minimum mean squared error equalization.

Huang, X 1970, 'Making Carrier Frequency Offset an Advantage for Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing', 2008 THIRD INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON COMMUNICATIONS AND NETWORKING IN CHINA, VOLS 1-3, 3rd International Conference on Communications and Networking in China, IEEE, Hangzhou, PEOPLES R CHINA, pp. 812-816.

Huang, X 1970, 'Multipath Diversity of Precoded OFDM with Linear Equalization', 2008 IEEE International Conference on Communications, 2008 IEEE International Conference on Communications, IEEE, Beijing, PEOPLES R CHINA, pp. 1307-1311.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Huang, Y, Tian, L, Yang, Y, Shi, J, Dutkiewicz, E & Yang, S 1970, 'Analysis of Multicast and Unicast Integrated Multiclass Service Provision in Cellular Networks', IEEE GLOBECOM 2008 - 2008 IEEE Global Telecommunications Conference, IEEE GLOBECOM 2008 - 2008 IEEE Global Telecommunications Conference, IEEE, pp. 1-5.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

The concept of Logical Service Provision Number (LSPN) is proposed to evaluate the service provision capacity in multicast and unicast integrated multiclass service cellular networks. The tradeoff between call blocking probability and LSPN is investigated and an objective function of maximizing LSPN is proposed. To solve the optimal problem, the system is modeled as a 2Κ -dimensional Markov process with following features. The multiclass service system can provide multiple service classes using either multicast traffic or unicast traffic and each service class has call level QoS requirements. A static channel allocation model is adopted as the multicast traffic integration scheme. By solving the objective function, an optimal proportion of multicast traffic to unicast traffic can be identified to maximize the service provision capacity while satisfying QoS constraints. © 2008 IEEE.

Hussain, FK 1970, 'Papers in track 15 - Social networks', 2008 2nd IEEE International Conference on Digital Ecosystems and Technologies, 2008 2nd IEEE International Conference on Digital Ecosystems and Technologies (DEST), IEEE, pp. lxxxiv-lxxxv.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Hussain, FK, Chang, E & Hussain, O 1970, 'A robust methodology for prediction of trust and reputation values', Proceedings of the 2008 ACM workshop on Secure web services, CCS08: 15th ACM Conference on Computer and Communications Security 2008, ACM, pp. 97-108.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

In this paper, we present the FC direct trust value-based decision making methodology, for making direct trust value based decisions regarding interactions in (a) a given context and during the current time slot, and (b) a given context and at a future time slot. The direct trust value-based decision making methodology models the context specific nature of trust and the dynamic nature of trust to make direct trust value-based decisions regarding interactions. Additionally in this paper, we present the FC reputation-based trust decision making methodology, for making reputation-based trust decisions regarding interactions, if direct trust value-based decisions cannot be made. The FC reputationbased trust decision making methodology can make reputationbased trust decisions regarding interactions in (a) a given context and during the current time slot, and (b) a given context and at a future time slot. Copyright 2008 ACM.

Hussain, O, Chang, E, Dillon, T & Hussain, F 1970, 'Ascertaining the Semantic and Linguistic Level of Perceived Risk in e-Business Interactions', 2008 IEEE International Conference on e-Business Engineering, 2008 IEEE International Conference on e-Business Engineering, IEEE, Xian, China, pp. 723-727.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

By analyzing the level of perceived risk in the domain of e-business, the interaction initiating agent can determine beforehand whether or not it will achieve its desired outcomes and the associated consequences to it in interacting with the other agent.

Hussain, O, Chang, E, Dillon, T & Hussain, F 1970, 'Determining the Level of Perceived Risk in e-business Web 2.0 Interactions', 2008 IEEE International Conference on e-Business Engineering, 2008 IEEE International Conference on e-Business Engineering, IEEE, Xian, China, pp. 13-20.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

In the domain of e-commerce business it is important for the initiating agent of the interaction to analyze and consider the level of perceived risk in forming an interaction with an agent, apart from just considering the level of trust and security. By

Hussain, O, Dillon, T, Chang, E & Hussain, F 1970, 'Highlighting the issues in making an informed interaction-based decision in industrial ecosystems', 2008 6th IEEE International Conference on Industrial Informatics, 2008 6th IEEE International Conference on Industrial Informatics (INDIN), IEEE, Daejeon, SOUTH KOREA, pp. 1324-1329.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

In the literature, the notion of trust has been widely discussed and various approaches have been proposed to assess and quantify it, in order to take it into consideration when making an interaction-based decision in industrial ecosystems. At the same t

Hussain, OK, Chang, E, Hussain, FK & Dillon, TS 1970, 'Determining the Failure Level for Risk Analysis in an e-Commerce Interaction', Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics), Springer Berlin Heidelberg, pp. 290-323.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

Before initiating a financial e-commerce interaction over the World Wide Web, the initiating agent would like to analyze the possible Risk in interacting with an agent, to ascertain the level to which it will not achieve its desired outcomes in the interaction. By analyzing the possible risk, the initiating agent can make an informed decision of its future course of action with that agent. To determine the possible risk in an interaction, the initiating agent has to determine the probability of failure and the possible consequences of failure to its resources involved in the interaction. In this chapter as a step towards risk analysis, we propose a methodology by which the initiating agent can determine beforehand the probability of failure in interacting with an agent, to achieve its desired outcomes. © 2009 Springer Berlin Heidelberg.

Hussain, OK, Chang, E, Hussain, FK & Dillon, TS 1970, 'Quantifying the numeric and linguistic magnitude of perceived risk in E-Commerce Interactions for RDSS', 2008 2nd IEEE International Conference on Digital Ecosystems and Technologies, 2008 2nd IEEE International Conference on Digital Ecosystems and Technologies (DEST), IEEE, pp. 604-610.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

In an e-commerce business interaction, the risk assessing agent by analyzing the possible level of perceived risk beforehand can make an informed decision of its future course of interaction with an agent. The perceived risk in the context of an e-commerce business interaction is a multidimensional construct which is the combination of its subcategories. In this paper we propose a methodology by which the risk assessing agent can ascertain the numeric and linguistic level of perceived risk in an interaction by combining its different subcategories. © 2008 IEEE.

Iacopi, F, Eichhammer, Y, Massy, C, Vereecken, PM, Moelans, N, Richard, O, Smeets, D, Blanpain, B, De Gendt, S & Heyns, M 1970, 'Indium-assisted Growth of Si Nanowires: Perspectives on Controlled Growth for CMOS Applications', MRS Proceedings, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, pp. 77-82.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

ABSTRACTSemiconductor nanowires are attractive nano- building blocks for microelectronics. However, the requirements for their manufacturing and application in the microelectronics industry are very demanding. Beyond compatibility with Si technology, full control on the characteristics of the grown wires (diameter, location, crystallinity, etc..), homogeneity on wafer –scale and reproducibility are essential. In this study we review critically important challenges for a controlled process of In –mediated growth of Si nanowires. First, we stress the importance of surface type for both particle catalysts and growth substrates. Both selection and preparation of such surfaces have large impact on growth, as they influence the initiation and the driving forces for the VLS growth mechanism. Moreover, wire characteristics such as morphology, crystalline quality and growth orientation appear more difficult to control when growing from particles with sizes below 40-50nm. This limitation arises as a result of both fundamental mechanisms and more specific constrains linked to the In-Si system.A few perspectives are given for the achievement of a controlled Si nanowire growth in a Si –technology compatible fashion.

Indraratna, B & Khabbaz, H 1970, 'Geotechnical aspects of ballasted rail tracks and stabilising underlying soft soil formation', ADVANCES IN TRANSPORTATION GEOTECHNICS, 1st International Conference on Transportation Geotechnics, CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP, Nottingham, ENGLAND, pp. 593-599.

Indraratna, B & Rujikiatkamjorn, C 1970, 'Effects of Partially Penetrating Prefabricated Vertical Drains and Loading Patterns on Vacuum Consolidation', GeoCongress 2008, GeoCongress 2008, American Society of Civil Engineers, pp. 596-603.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

In this study, numerical modeling of a multi-drain system is employed to determine the optimum penetration depth of prefabricated vertical drains (PVDs) and the vacuum pressure that provides the maximum consolidation settlement and less lateral displacements. The plane strain analysis using an equivalent permeability with transformed unit cell geometry was considered for varying drain length and vacuum load. The effects of the vertical drain length and vacuum pressure on soft clay consolidation were examined through time for 90% degree of consolidation, associated settlement and lateral displacement. Copyright ASCE 2008.

Indraratna, B, Khabbaz, H & Fatahi, B 1970, 'Conceptual development and numerical modelling of vegetation induced suction and implications on rail track stabilisation', 12th International Conference on Computer Methods and Advances in Geomechanics 2008, International Conference of International Association for Computer Methods and Advances in Geomechanics, Indian Institute of Technology, Bombay, Goa, India, pp. 4335-4344.
View description>>

The effects of tree roots on soil suction and ground settlement are investigated. This paper highlights the inter-related parameters contributing to the development of a conceptual evapo-transpiration and root water uptake equilibrium model that is then incorporated in a comprehensive numerical model. The developed numerical model based on the finite element analysis (ABAQUS) considers fully coupled flow-deformation behaviour of soil. Field measurements obtained by the authors from a field site in western Victoria and from past literature are used to validate the model. The predicted results show acceptable agreement with the field data in spite of the assumptions made for simplifying the effects of soil heterogeneity and anisotropy. The numerical analysis proves that the proposed root water uptake model can reliably predict the region of maximum matric suction away from the tree axis. The paper also compares the natural favourable effect of tree roots with the stabilising mechanisms of geosynthetic vertical drains subjected to vacuum pressure. Although this analogy is only justified for shallow vertical drains, the comparison still emphasises the obvious economical advantages of native vegetation.

Indraratna, B, Muttuvel, T & Khabbaz, H 1970, 'Investigating Erosional Behaviour of Chemically Stabilised Erodible Soils', GeoCongress 2008, GeoCongress 2008, American Society of Civil Engineers, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA, pp. 670-677.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

Chemical stabilisation is a popular technique to improve the erosion resistance of soils. In this study, two chemical stabilisers, namely lignosulfonate and general purpose Portland cement were tested on two different soils, a silty sand and dispersive clay. A series of erosion tests were performed to study the effectiveness of the stabilisation on increasing the erosion resistance. Results showed that an increase in the critical shear stress of the silty sand with only 0.6% lignosulfonate treatment was equivalent to that with around 2.5% cement treatment. However, the stabilisation of the dispersive clay with 0.6% cement was more effective than 0.6% lignosulfonate. The findings of this research also indicated that the coefficient of soil erosion decreased as a power function of the critical shear stress. Copyright ASCE 2008.

Indraratna, B, Oliveira, D & Mylvaganam, J 1970, 'Revised Shear Strength Model for Soil-Infilled Rock Joints Considering Over-Consolidation Effect', Proceedings of the First Southern Hemisphere International Rock Mechanics Symposium, First Southern Hemisphere International Rock Mechanics Symposium, Australian Centre for Geomechanics, Perth, pp. 523-532.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Ip, KH, Stuart, BH, Thomas, PS & Ray, AS 1970, 'Thermal characterization of the clay binder of heritage Sydney sandstones', JOURNAL OF THERMAL ANALYSIS AND CALORIMETRY, 8th Mediterranean Conference on Calorimetry and Thermal Analysis, SPRINGER, ITALY, Palermo, pp. 97-100.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Janapsatya, J, Nasimuddin & Esselle, KP 1970, 'jawidening the bandwidth of single-fed circularly polarized microstrip patch antenna using sequential array', 2008 IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium, 2008 IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium and USNC/URSI National Radio Science Meeting, IEEE, San Diego, CA, pp. 1-4.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Jiang, Z & Wei, D 1970, 'Asymmetric rolling of thin strip with work roll edge kiss', AES Atema International Conference Series Advances and Trends in Engineering Materials and their Applications, pp. 189-193.
View description>>

Asymmetric rolling can reduce strip thickness significantly. When the thinner strip is rolled in a cold strip mill, the work roll edge may kiss each other. Work roll edge kiss affects the mechanics of asymmetric rolling and the crown of the rolled strip significantly, which has not been quantified before. In this paper, the numerical simulation has been carried out to analyse the asymmetric rolling of thin strip with roll edge kiss when a cross shear region exists in the roll bite. The rolling force, roll edge kiss force and the strip crown for asymmetric rolling of thin strip are discussed. The calculated crown of the rolled strip is compared with the measured value. Effect of the friction on the roll edge kiss length is also discussed. © AES-Advanced Engineering Solutions.

Jiang, ZY, Li, HJ, Han, JT, Wei, DB, Pi, HC & Tieu, AK 1970, 'Crystal plasticity finite element modelling of compression of pure aluminum', Civil Comp Proceedings.
View description>>

In order to compare the influence of the different finite element models on the experimental results, Taylor-Type and finite element polycrystalline models are separately employed in the finite element software ABAQUS to simulate the development of the deformation texture by rate dependent crystal constitutive equations during the uniaxial tensile deformation. Initial orientations measured by backscatter diffraction (EBSD) are directly input into the crystal plasticity finite element model. With the increase of true strain, the crystal can rotate and the silk textures form easily, therefore the predicted and experimental silk textures tend to sharper and stronger accordingly. There is only one kind of silk texture (<110> texture) formed in the uniaxial compression. Comparison of the contouring map with different strains, the finite element polycrystalline model can accurately predict the drum deformation of pure aluminum during the uniaxial compression. © Civil-Comp Press, 2008.

Jiang, ZY, Tang, J, Tieu, AK & Wei, D 1970, 'Simulation of oxide scale cracks in hot strip rolling', 9th International Conference on Technology of Plasticity Ictp 2008, pp. 654-659.
View description>>

In this paper, the behavior of oxide scale cracks and its surface roughness in hot strip rolling are simulated using finite element software MSC-MARC package. A model generating surface roughness profile that remains well the random characteristics of surface roughness and asperity was applied in this study. The characteristics of oxide scale cracks with various crack aspect ratios is investigated, and the deformation features of surface roughness of the oxide scale and steel are obtained from the finite element simulation. The developed model of oxide scale crack is helpful for further understanding the mechanics of the change of oxide scale cracks in the roll bite and for improving the steel strip surface quality.

Jiang, ZY, Wei, D, Zhu, H & Tieu, KA 1970, 'Mechanics of cold rolling of ultra thin strip with work roll edge kiss', Steel Research International, 12th International Conference on Metal Forming, Verlag Stahleisen Mbh, Cracow, POLAND, pp. 764-771.
View description>>

In this paper, the cold rolling experiments of ultra thin steel strip were carried out on a Hille-100 experimental rolling mill, and theoretical analysis of cold rolling of the strip with roll edge kiss has been conducted. Simulation results show that the reduction has a significant influence on the crown of rolled strip, and the calculated rolling forces and strip crown are consistent with the measured values. The effect of friction in the roll bite on mechanics of cold rolling of ultra thin strip with roll edge kiss is also discussed. Surface characteristic was measured by a Hommel Tester T1000 portable profilemeter. It can be concluded that the strip surface roughness value decreases significantly after cold rolling. Thus the surface finish becomes better after cold rolling of ultra thin strip. © 2008 Verlag Stahleisen GmbH, Düsseldorf.

JIANG, ZY, WEI, DW & TIEU, AK 1970, 'AN INFLUENCE FUNCTION METHOD ANALYSIS OF COLD STRIP ROLLING', International Journal of Modern Physics B, 9th Asia-Pacific Symposium on Engineering Plasticity and Its Applications (AEPA 2008), World Scientific Pub Co Pte Lt, Daejeon, SOUTH KOREA, pp. 5728-5733.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

An influence function method has been developed to simulate the asymmetric cold rolling of thin strip with work roll kiss at edges. The numerical simulation model was obtained based on the deformation compatibility of the roll system in rolling and lateral directions. The strip plastic deformation has been considered in the formulation, which is significantly different from the traditional theory of metal rolling. The rolling mechanics and crown of the strip with work roll edge kiss, which are new findings for cold rolling of thin strip, are obtained. A comparison of the rolling force, roll edge kiss force and the strip crown after rolling has been conducted for various cross shear regions in the roll bite. Results show that the calculated strip crown is in good agreement with Ameasured value, and the rolling force and strip crown decrease with an increase of cross shear regions, as well as the work roll edge kiss force and edge wear decrease. The friction also has an influence on the profile of the rolled thin strip.

Jin Jianxun, Chen Xiaoyuan, Guo Youguang, Zhan Yuedong & Zhu Jianguo 1970, 'HTS transformer and its related loss measurement and quench protection techniques', 2008 27th Chinese Control Conference, 2008 Chinese Control Conference (CCC), IEEE, Kunming, China, pp. 292-296.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

Recently research and development concerning applications of high temperature superconducting (HTS) transformers have been progressed actively in the world. Besides the HTS rated current capability, it is also essential to develop the relevant and precise performance test and protection systems for HTS transformers. This paper mainly presents elementary test and protection methods of HTS transformers including AC loss measurement, and quench detection and protection. A new integrated measurement system for HTS transformers is also proposed by using the Labview virtual instrument software.

Jin, X, Zhou, J, Hu, J, Shi, J, Sun, Y & Dutkiewicz, E 1970, 'An Efficient Downlink Data Mapping Algorithm for IEEE802.16e OFDMA Systems', IEEE GLOBECOM 2008 - 2008 IEEE Global Telecommunications Conference, IEEE GLOBECOM 2008 - 2008 IEEE Global Telecommunications Conference, IEEE, pp. 1-5.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

In the IEEE 802.16e OFDMA systems, the data mapping algorithm maps the data to the appropriate rectangular regions in the two-dimensional matrix of time and frequency domain. Each region is described by an Information Element (IE) which is used for signaling and occupies a slot. The IEs as well as vacant slots in the allocated rectangular region result in a substantial amount of overhead. In order to minimize the overhead so as to increase system throughput, the paper proposes a "Mapping with Appropriate Truncation and Sort" (MATS) algorithm. Extensive simulations are conducted in terms of mapping efficiency, mapping cost and system throughput to evaluate the performance of MATS. The results show that compared with Raster, MATS can increase the mapping efficiency by up to 2.4% and reduce the mapping cost by up to 80% and 37% for constant bit rate traffic and variable bit rate traffic, respectively. Moreover, system throughput is increased by more than 3% in the 10MHz bandwidth network. Consequently, MATS can substantially reduce the overhead and achieve high system throughput. © 2008 IEEE.

Johnson, KM & Lei, G 1970, 'Dopamine D1 receptor activation blocks phencyclidine - induced neurotoxicity by enhancing synaptic strength', FASEB JOURNAL, FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL.

Juszczyszyn, K, Kazienko, P & Musiał, K 1970, 'Local Topology of Social Network Based on Motif Analysis', KNOWLEDGE-BASED INTELLIGENT INFORMATION AND ENGINEERING SYSTEMS, PT 2, PROCEEDINGS, 12th International Conference on Knowledge-Based Intelligent Information and Engineering Systems, Springer Berlin Heidelberg, Zagreb, CROATIA, pp. 97-105.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Juszczyszyn, K, Kazienko, P, Musial, K & Gabrys, B 1970, 'Temporal Changes in Connection Patterns of an Email-Based Social Network', 2008 IEEE/WIC/ACM International Conference on Web Intelligence and Intelligent Agent Technology, 2008 IEEE/WIC/ACM International Conference on Web Intelligence and Intelligent Agent Technology, IEEE, pp. 9-12.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

Network motifs are small subgraphs that reflect local network topology and were shown to be useful for creating profiles that reveal several properties of the network. Analysis of three-node motifs (triads) was used in this paper to track the temporal changes in the structure of large social network derived from email communication between the employees of Wroclaw University of Technology. © 2008 IEEE.

Kadlec, P & Gabrys, B 1970, 'Adaptive Local Learning Soft Sensor for Inferential Control Support', 2008 International Conference on Computational Intelligence for Modelling Control & Automation, 2008 International Conference on Computational Intelligence for Modelling Control & Automation, IEEE, Vienna, AUSTRIA, pp. 243-248.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Kadlec, P & Gabrys, B 1970, 'Gating Artificial Neural Network Based Soft Sensor', NEW CHALLENGES IN APPLIED INTELLIGENCE TECHNOLOGIES, 21st International Conference on Industrial, Engineering and Other Applications of Applied Intelligent Systems, Springer Berlin Heidelberg, Wroclaw, POLAND, pp. 193-202.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Kadlec, P & Gabrys, B 1970, 'Learnt Topology Gating Artificial Neural Networks', 2008 IEEE International Joint Conference on Neural Networks (IEEE World Congress on Computational Intelligence), 2008 IEEE International Joint Conference on Neural Networks (IJCNN 2008 - Hong Kong), IEEE, Hong Kong, PEOPLES R CHINA, pp. 2604-2611.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Kaindl, H, Constantine, L, Pastor, O, Sutcliffe, A & Zowghi, D 1970, 'How to Combine Requirements Engineering and Interaction Design?', 2008 16th IEEE International Requirements Engineering Conference, 2008 16th IEEE International Requirements Engineering Conference (RE), IEEE, pp. 299-301.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

In this panel, we propose to figure out how requirements engineering and interaction design can be usefully combined. In particular, some people argue that scenarios / use cases should be concrete, as in story-telling. Others argue for use of "essential" use cases as a methodological approach to interaction and user-interface design. Somewhat in the middle, it is argued that use cases should help acquiring the requirements in the first place. What should the practitioner believe and, in particular, do, in order to develop useful and usable software and systems? Software development and interaction design require different skills and different methods and are typically done by different people. Still, scenario-based design is proposed for several activities relevant for both tasks, such as requirements elicitation, software design, and interaction design. Symbolic modeling in this spirit is actually common to various fields. However, scenario-based approaches vary, especially with regard to their use, e.g., employing abstract use cases or integrating scenarios with functions and goals in a systematic design process. So, the key issue to be raised at the panel is how to combine different approaches, e.g., in scenario-based development, so that the interaction design as well as the development of the user interface and of the software internally result in an overall useful and useable system. © 2008 IEEE.

Kalam, MA, Masjuki, HH, Redzuan, M, Mahlia, TMI, Fuad, MA, Mohibah, M, Halim, K, Ishak, A, Khair, M, Shahrir, A & Yusof, A 1970, 'Development and Test of a New Catalytic Converter for Natural Gas Fueled Engine', SAE Technical Paper Series, 2008 SAE International Powertrains, Fuels and Lubricants Congress, SAE International.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

This paper presents exhaust gas emissions characteristcs of a new direct injection (DI) compressed natural gas (CNG) engine using a low cost catalytic conveter (Catco). The pollutants exhaust gas emissions measured were CO, HC and NOx with and without Catco. The Catco was developed based on catalyst materials consisting of metal oxides such as titanium dioxide (TiO2) and cobalt oxide (CoO) with wiremesh substrate. Both of the catalyst materials (such as TiO2 and CoO) are inexpensive in comparison to conventional catalysts (noble metals) such as palladium or platinum. In addition, the noble metals such as platinum group metal are now indentified as human health risk due to their rapid emissions in the environment from various resources like conventional catalytic converter, jewelers and other medical usages. It can be mentioned that both the CNG-DI engine and TiO2/CoO based catalytic converter were developed under a research collaboration program. The original engine manufacture catalytic conveter (OEM Catco) was tested for comparison purposes. The OEM Catco was based on noble metal catalyst with honeycomb ceramic substrate. It is experimentally found that the conversion efficiencies of TiO2/CoO based catalytic converter are 93%, 89% and 82% for NO x, CO and HC emissions respectively. It is calculated that the TiO2/CoO based catalytic converter reduces 24%,41% and 40% higher NOx, CO and HC emissions in comparison to OEM Catco respectively. The objective of this paper is to develop a low cost three way catalytic converter to be used with the newly developed CNG-DI engine. Detailed review on catalytic converter, low cost catalytic converter development characteristics and CNG-DI engine test results have been presented with discussions. © 2008 SAE International.

Kannapiran, A, Chanan, AP, Singh, G, Tambosis, P, Jeyakumaran, JM & Kandasamy, JK 1970, 'Strategic asset management planning of stormwater drainage systems', Proceedings of the IWA World Water Congress and Exhibition 2008, IWA World Water Congress, International Water Association (IWA), Vienna, Austria, pp. 1-8.
View description>>

Management of the urban water cycle in an integrated manner is an essential task to protect, restore and enhance in a sustainable manner. Strategic asset management planing is being developed as local government authorities face many challenges associated with managing the urban water cycle system. Statistical or conventional mathematical modelling approach has been found not practical for assessment of deteriorating infrastructures. Alternatively, application of fuzzy-based models is found more suitable as it links engineering judgment, experience and scarce field data of the deteriorating assets. In this study, a representative network of buried stormwater system s data is drawn and a pipe condition index is derived by linking the field data and reasoning using fuzzy approach. The inferred results are found to be useful and relevant for asset maintenance and future development programs.

Kazienko, P & Musiał, K 1970, 'Mining Personal Social Features in the Community of Email Users', SOFSEM 2008: THEORY AND PRACTICE OF COMPUTER SCIENCE, 34th Conference on Current Trends in Theory and Practice of Computer Science, Springer Berlin Heidelberg, Novy Smokovec, SLOVAKIA, pp. 708-719.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Kazienko, P, Musiał, K & Juszczyszyn, K 1970, 'Recommendation of Multimedia Objects Based on Similarity of Ontologies', KNOWLEDGE - BASED INTELLIGENT INFORMATION AND ENGINEERING SYSTEMS, PT 1, PROCEEDINGS, 12th International Conference on Knowledge-Based Intelligent Information and Engineering Systems, Springer Berlin Heidelberg, Zagreb, CROATIA, pp. 194-201.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Kazienko, P, Musiał, K & Kajdanowicz, T 1970, 'Profile of the social network in photo sharing systems', 14th Americas Conference on Information Systems Amcis 2008, pp. 2815-2826.
View description>>

People, who interact, cooperate or share common activities within the photo sharing system can be seen as a multirelational social network. The results of their activities, i.e. tags, comments, references to favourites and others that semantically connect users through multimedia objects, i.e. pictures are the crucial component of the semantic web concept. Every online sharing system provides data that can be used for extraction of different kinds of relations grouped in layers in the multirelational social network. Layers and their profiles were identified and studied on two, spanned in time, snapshots of Flickr population for better understanding of social network structure complexity. Additionally, for each of the identified layers, a separate strength measure was proposed in the paper. The experiments on the Flickr photo sharing system revealed that users are inspired by both the semantic relationships between objects they operate on and social links they have to other users. Moreover, the density and affluence of the social network grows over course of time.

Kejalakshmy, N, Rahman, BMA, Agrawal, A & Grattan, KTV 1970, 'Characterization of a Teflon PCF for THz frequency applications by using the finite element method', Optics InfoBase Conference Papers.
View description>>

A finite element based full-vectorial modal solution approach has been developed to identify single mode operation of Teflon photonic crystal fibers and to characterize their modal and bending losses in the THz frequencies. © 2007 Optical Society of America.

Kejalakshmy, N, Rahman, BMA, Agrawal, A & Grattan, KTV 1970, 'Characterization of a Teflon PCF for THz frequency applications by using the Finite Element Method', Integrated Photonics and Nanophotonics Research and Applications, Integrated Photonics and Nanophotonics Research and Applications, OSA, pp. IWB2-IWB2.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

A finite element based full-vectorial modal solution approach has been developed to identify single mode operation of Teflon photonic crystal fibers and to characterize their modal and bending losses in the THz frequencies. © 2007 Optical Society of America.

Kha, HH, Tuan, HD & Nguyen, TQ 1970, 'Optimal triplet halfband filter banks with K-regularity and image coding application', 2008 SECOND INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON COMMUNICATIONS AND ELECTRONICS, 2nd International Conference on Communications and Electronics, IEEE, Hoi An, VIETNAM, pp. 228-+.

Kha, HH, Tuan, HD & Nguyen, TQ 1970, 'Optimal triplet halfband filter banks with k-regularity and image coding application', 2008 Second International Conference on Communications and Electronics, 2008 Second International Conference on Communications and Electronics (ICCE), IEEE, Hoi An, Vietnam, pp. 230-234.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

The triplet halfband filter bank structure is well known to be efficient for the design and implementation of a class of biorthogonal wavelet filter banks. Previously, two extreme cases in filter characteristics including equiripple filters with no regul

Khalilpour, R & Abbas, A 1970, 'Optimal design of multi-cyclone using mixed-integer nonlinear programming', Aiche Annual Meeting Conference Proceedings.

Khan, MAY & Veitch, D 1970, 'Peeling the 802.11 onion', Proceedings of the third ACM international workshop on Wireless network testbeds, experimental evaluation and characterization, MobiCom08: Annual International Conference on Mobile Computing and Networking, ACM, ACM, pp. 33-40.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Khan, MAY & Veitch, D 1970, 'Speedo: Realistic achievable bandwidth in 802.11 through passive monitoring', 2008 33rd IEEE Conference on Local Computer Networks (LCN), 2008 33rd IEEE Conference on Local Computer Networks (LCN 2008), IEEE, IEEE, pp. 892-899.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Khawaja, MA, Ruiz, N & Chen, F 1970, 'Think before you talk', Proceedings of the 20th Australasian Conference on Computer-Human Interaction: Designing for Habitus and Habitat, OZCHI '08: Proceedings of the 20th conference of the computer-human interaction special interest group of Australia on Computer-human interaction: design, ACM, pp. 335-338.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

Measuring a user's level of cognitive load while they are interacting with the system could offer another dimension to the development of adaptable user interfaces. High levels of cognitive load affect performance and efficiency. However, current methods of measuring cognitive load are physically intrusive and interrupt the task flow. Certain speech features have been shown to change under high levels of load and are good candidates for cognitive load indices for usability evaluation and automatic adaptation of an interface or work environment. A speech-based dual-task user study is presented in which we explore the behaviour of speech pause features in natural speech. The experiment yielded new results confirming that speech pauses are useful indicators of high load versus low load speech. We report an increase in the percentage of time spent pausing from low load to high load tasks. We interpret these results within the framework of Baddeley's modal model of working memory and detail how such a measure could be utilized in the cognitive load measurement.

Kholdebarin, A, Massumi, A, Davoodi, M, Tabatabaiefar, HR, Santini, A & Moraci, N 1970, 'Comparing of Normal Stress Distribution in Static and Dynamic Soil-Structure Interaction Analyses', AIP Conference Proceedings, 2008 SEISMIC ENGINEERING CONFERENCE: Commemorating the 1908 Messina and Reggio Calabria Earthquake, AIP, pp. 650-657.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

It is important to consider the vertical component of earthquake loading and inertia force in soil-structure interaction analyses. In most circumstances, design engineers are primarily concerned about the analysis of behavior of foundations subjected to earthquake-induced forces transmitted from the bedrock. In this research, a single rigid foundation with designated geometrical parameters located on sandy-clay soil has been modeled in FLAC software with Finite Different Method and subjected to three different vertical components of earthquake records. In these cases, it is important to evaluate effect of footing on underlying soil and to consider normal stress in soil with and without footing. The distribution of normal stress under the footing in static and dynamic states has been studied and compared. This Comparison indicated that, increasing in normal stress under the footing caused by vertical component of ground excitations, has decreased dynamic vertical settlement in comparison with static state. © 2008 American Institute of Physics.

Kiani, G, Olsson, L, Karlsson, A & Esselle, K 1970, 'Transmission Analysis of Energy Saving Glass Windows for the Purpose of Providing FSS Solutions at Microwave Frequencies', 2008 IEEE ANTENNAS AND PROPAGATION SOCIETY INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM, VOLS 1-9, IEEE Antennas-and-Propagation-Society International Symposium, IEEE, CA, San Diego, pp. 1196-+.

Kiani, G, Olsson, L, Karlsson, A & Esselle, K 1970, 'Transmission analysis of energy saving glass windows for the purpose of providing FSS solutions at microwave frequencies', 2008 IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium, 2008 IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium and USNC/URSI National Radio Science Meeting, IEEE, pp. 1-4.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

An inherent transmission problem associated with modern energy-saving glass windows is analyzed. These windows are used in building design to provide thermal insulation which keeps the interior warmer in the winter and cooler in the summer. This thermal insulation is achieved by employing a very thin layer of metallic oxide on one side of the ordinary (float) glass. This layer attenuates infrared waves while remaining transparent to ultraviolet frequencies. But this metallic oxide coating also attenuates the transmission of useful RF/microwave signals (GSM, GPS etc) through the glass window. We have investigated the transmission of microwave frequencies through Optitherm™SN glass window manufactured by Pilkington. At average, about 30 dB attenuation is observed from 800 MHz to 6 GHz for both TE and TM polarizations at normal incidence. Theoretical and measured results are presented. © 2008 IEEE.

Kierkels, J & van den Hoven, E 1970, 'Children's haptic experiences of tangible artifacts varying in hardness', Proceedings of the 5th Nordic conference on Human-computer interaction: building bridges, NordiCHI08: 5th Nordic Conference on Human-Computer Interaction, ACM, Lund, Sweden, pp. 221-228.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

In this paper we describe our investigations on the role of material hardness in the haptic experience of tangible artefacts. Without seeing the artifacts children had to rank their experience on a scale of two antonyms while touching and holding these artifacts. In this experiment it was shown that children have no problem ranking hardness. Two groups could be identified: soft artifacts were found to be cute, speedy and warm, e.g., and hard artifacts boring, sad and old-fashioned. We think that paying attention to this factor in the design of tangible user interfaces for children can improve their experience.

Kodagoda, S, Zhang, Z, Ruiz, D & Dissanayake, G 1970, 'Sensing and Classification for Autonomous Weed Control', The IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation (ICRA 2008), workshop, IEEE International Conference on Robots and Automation, IEEE explorer, Pasadena, California, pp. 1-6.
View description>>

Autonomous weed control concepts have recently being extensively researched due to the advantages that they possess. One of the critical modules of such systems is the sensing and classification of weeds within crops. In this paper, we systematically chose the sensing setup and cues to be used for classification of two common weed species (Bidens pilosa L. and Lolium rigidum L.) in a wheat crop. An automatic cue selection procedure is proposed. Some classification results and their problems were discussed leading to future direction of research.

Kodagoda, S, Zhang, Z, Ruiz, D & Dissanayake, G 1970, 'Weed detection and classification for autonomous farming', Proceedings of Fourth I*PROMS Virtual International Conference, Intelligent Production Machines and Systems, I*PROMS, Cardiff, UK, pp. 1-6.
View description>>

Autonomous weed control concepts have recently being extensively researched due to the advantages that they possess. One of the critical modules of such systems is the sensing and classification of weeds within crops. In this paper, we systematically chose the sensing setup and cues to be used for classification of two common weed species (Bidens pilosa L. and Lolium rigidum L.) in a wheat crop. An automatic cue selection followed by classification procedure is proposed. Some classification results are presented while discussing problems leading to future direction of research.

Kreimeyer, M, Braun, S, Gu¨rtler, M & Lindemann, U 1970, 'Relating Two Domains via a Third: An Approach to Overcome Ambiguous Attributions Using Multiple Domain Matrices', Volume 1: 34th Design Automation Conference, Parts A and B, ASME 2008 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference, ASMEDC, pp. 297-306.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

Design Structure Matrices (DSM) and Domain Mapping Matrices (DMM) are commonly used to model and analyze the relationships within one domain (DSM) or between two domains (DMM). Being assembled into one larger square matrix, having DSMs on its diagonal and DMMs in all other fields, a so-called Multiple Domain Matrix (MDM) is formed. When relating two domains using a DMM, a problem arises when the nature of one individual relationship between the two domains is to be described. Usually, this is modeled by annotating each relationship with the additional information, much like comments in spreadsheet software. This, however, is yet impossible if the relationships should be in matrix notation to allow for algorithmic matrix analyses. Equally, this way, the annotations are not accessible as elements of another matrix, e.g. as DSM. This paper suggests a generic principle to solve the described problem in a way consistent with the matrix methodology. It proposes an approach using MDM and is thereby able to unambiguously provide the nature of each relationship between the elements of two domains. As a DSM is a mere case of a DMM having two identical domains, the approach proposed can equally be used to enrich the relationships within a DSM.

Kreimeyer, M, Braun, S, Guertler, MR & Lindemann, U 1970, 'Relating two Domains via a Third – An Approach to Overcome Ambiguous Attributions using Multiple Domain Matrices', Proceedings of the ASME 2008 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences & Computers and Information in Engineering Conference, ASME 2008 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences & Computers and Information in Engineering Conference IDETC/CIE, ASME, New York, pp. 1-11.
View description>>

Design Structure Matrices (DSM) and Domain Mapping Matrices (DMM) are commonly used to model and analyze the relationships within one domain (DSM) or between two domains (DMM). Being assembled into one larger square matrix, having DSMs on its diagonal and DMMs in all other fields, a so-called Multiple Domain Matrix (MDM) is formed. When relating two domains using a DMM, a problem arises when the nature of one individual relationship between the two domains is to be described. Usually, this is modeled by annotating each relationship with the additional information, much like comments in spreadsheet software. This, however, is yet impossible if the relationships should be in matrix notation to allow for algorithmic matrix analyses. Equally, this way, the annotations are not accessible as elements of another matrix, e.g. as DSM.This paper suggests a generic principle to solve the described problem in a way consistent with the matrix methodology. It proposes an approach using MDM and is thereby able to unambiguously provide the nature of each relationship between the elements of two domains. As a DSM is a mere case of a DMM having two identical domains, the approach proposed can equally be used to enrich the relationships within a DSM.

Kreimeyer, M, Guertler, MR & Lindemann, U 1970, 'Structural metrics for decision points within Multiple-Domain Matrices representing design processes', 2008 IEEE International Conference on Industrial Engineering and Engineering Management, IEEE, Singapur, pp. 1-5.
View description>>

When reengineering or improving an engineering process, it is important to systematically examine the process for possible weak spots. Complexity metrics, which describe how “complex” a possible part of a process is, are a means of doing so. Using them, every single element of a process (e.g. activities, resources,…) or groups of elements can be reviewed, and those exhibiting distinctive features can be further considered for improvement. Such metrics are especially of interest if no quantitative data is available but only the qualitative process architecture is at hand, e.g. as a process chart. In this paper, different metrics from software and workflow engineering (McCabe Complexity, Control-flow Complexity, Activity / Passivity) are used on a qualitative model of a process incorporating decision points. The process model is based on a Multiple-Domain Matrix extended to comprise Boolean operators that are typical for process models (i.e. AND, OR, and XOR).

Kreimeyer, M, Gurtler, M & Lindemann, U 1970, 'Structural metrics for decision points within multiple-domain matrices representing design processes', 2008 IEEE International Conference on Industrial Engineering and Engineering Management, 2008 IEEE International Conference on Industrial Engineering and Engineering Management, IEEE, Singapore, SINGAPORE, pp. 435-439.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Kurian, JC 1970, 'A Multi-Paradigm Fuzzy Aggregation of Domain Ontology and Media Assets on the Semantic Web Framework', INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY 2008, VOLS 1-4, PROCEEDINGS, International Symposium on Information Technology, IEEE, MALAYSIA, Univ Kebangsaan, Fac Informat Sci & Technol, Kuala Lumpur, pp. 758-763.

Kurian, JC, Goh, DH-L, Htoo, THH, Wheeler, L & Hazel, L 1970, 'Enabling Single Sign-On Authentication for Web Repositories using Domain Directory Services', INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY 2008, VOLS 1-4, PROCEEDINGS, International Symposium on Information Technology, IEEE, MALAYSIA, Univ Kebangsaan, Fac Informat Sci & Technol, Kuala Lumpur, pp. 48-+.

Laird, I, Lovatt, H, Savvides, N, Lu, D & Agelidis, VG 1970, 'Comparative study of maximum power point tracking algorithms for thermoelectric generators', 2008 Australasian Universities Power Engineering Conference, AUPEC 2008.
View description>>

Variations in load and temperature can cause a thermoelectric generator (TEG) to operate at a voltage that does not produce the maximum possible power for a given temperature difference. Therefore a maximum power point tracker (MPPT) is used to force the generator to a voltage that produces maximum power. This paper uses a digital signal processor (DSP) controlled boost converter to assess and compare the performance of several MPPT algorithms when used with a TEG. As a result, the fractional short circuit method has shown promise as a suitable MPPT algorithm for a TEG subjected to steady state conditions. © 2008 Australasian Universities Power Engineering Conference (AUPEC'08).

Lau, H, Pratley, T, Liu, D, Huang, S & Pagac, D 1970, 'An implementation of prioritized path planning for a large fleet of autonomous straddle carriers', International Federation of Operational Research Societies (IFORS), Sandton, South Africa.

Lawrence, E, Bachfischer, A, Dyson, LE & Litchfield, A 1970, 'Mobile Learning and Student Perspectives: An mReality Check!', 2008 7th International Conference on Mobile Business, 2008 7th International Conference on Mobile Business (ICMB), IEEE, Barcelona, Spain, pp. 287-295.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

n this paper the authors report on the results of a survey aimed at ascertaining the opinions of contemporary university students on the use of mobile devices as learning tools. Four hundred and forty two postgraduate and undergraduate students from an Australian University completed the online survey. The authors analyzed both quantitative and qualitative data focusing on the ramifications for m-learning practices in university environments. Mobile technology acceptance factors are used to highlight important findings from the survey.

Layat, V, Gay, V, Paillard, M, Huehn, B, Joly, C, Fraile, N, Rodriguez, M, Chambouleyron, M, Miganne, G, Lagger, G & Golay, A 1970, 'A new programme on patient motivation for physical activity', INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OBESITY, 16th European Congress on Obesity, NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP, SWITZERLAND, Geneva, pp. S76-S76.

Le, T, Dong, Y, Liu, R, Jha, S, Rosberg, Z & IEEE 1970, 'Implementation aspects of reliable transport protocols in wireless sensor networks', 2008 3RD INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON COMMUNICATION SYSTEM SOFTWARE AND MIDDLEWARE AND WORKSHOPS, VOLS 1 AND 2, 3rd International Conference on Communication System Software and Middleware and Workshop, IEEE, Bangalore, INDIA, pp. 574-580.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Lebbe, MA, Agbinya, JI, Chaczko, Z & Braun, R 1970, 'Artificial immune system inspired danger modelling in Wireless Mesh Networks', 2008 International Conference on Computer and Communication Engineering, 2008 International Conference on Computer and Communication Engineering (ICCCE), IEEE, Malaysia, pp. 984-988.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

In recent years wireless mesh network (WMN) technologies and its applications have been actively researched and developed as the promising solution for future wireless mobile networks. On the other hand security of WMN is often a secondary reflection in development. In our previous work we proposed Artificial Immune System model to employ in secure routing in WMN. This paper improves and extends the algorithm in our previous work with more achievable danger levels and introduces responsible parameters and model danger in WMN. Moreover this paper proposes the elected network simulator for the experiments. ©2008 IEEE.

Lee, JE-Y & Seshia, AA 1970, 'Binary Excitation of a High-Q Bulk Acoustic Microresonator by Actuation Polarity Inversion', Volume 13: Nano-Manufacturing Technology; and Micro and Nano Systems, Parts A and B, ASME 2008 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition, ASMEDC, pp. 443-448.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

We present a technique for independently exciting two resonant modes of vibration in a single-crystal silicon bulk mode microresonator using the same electrode configuration through control of the polarity of the DC actuation voltage. Applications of this technique may include built-in temperature compensation by the simultaneous selective excitation of two closely spaced modes that may have different temperature coefficients of resonant frequency. The technique is simple and requires minimum circuit overhead for implementation. The technique is implemented on square plate resonators with quality factors as high as 3.06 × 106.

Lee, JE-Y & Seshia, AA 1970, 'Square wine glass mode resonator with quality factor of 4 million', 2008 IEEE Sensors, 2008 IEEE Sensors, IEEE, pp. 1257-1260.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Lee, JE-Y, Bahreyni, B & Seshia, AA 1970, 'Thin film monitoring with silicon bulk acoustic resonators', 2008 IEEE Sensors, 2008 IEEE Sensors, IEEE, pp. 581-584.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Lee, JE-Y, Yan, J & Seshia, AA 1970, 'Anchor limited Q in flexural mode resonators', 2008 IEEE Ultrasonics Symposium, 2008 IEEE Ultrasonics Symposium (IUS), IEEE, pp. 2213-2216.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Lee, JE-Y, Zhu, Y & Seshia, AA 1970, 'A micromechanical electrometer approaching single-electron charge resolution at room temperature', 2008 IEEE 21st International Conference on Micro Electro Mechanical Systems, 2008 IEEE 21st International Conference on Micro Electro Mechanical Systems, IEEE, pp. 948-951.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Lee, S & Lister, R 1970, 'Experiments in the dynamics of phase coupled oscillators when applied to graph colouring', Conferences in Research and Practice in Information Technology Series, Australasian Computer Science Conference, Australian Computer Society, Inc, Wollongong, Australia, pp. 83-89.
View description>>

This paper examines the capacity of networks of phase coupled oscillators to coordinate activity in a parallel, distributed fashion. To benchmark these networks of oscillators, we present empirical results from a study of the capacity of such networks to colour graphs. We generalise the update equation of Aihara et al. (2006) to an equation that can be applied to graphs requiring multiple colours. We find that our simple multi-phase model can colour some types of graphs, especially complete graphs and complete k-partite graphs with equal or a near equal number of vertices in each partition. A surprising empirical result is that the effectiveness of the approach appears to be more dependent upon the topology of the graph than the size of the graph. Copyright © 2008, Australian Computer Society, Inc.

Lee, S, Leaney, J, O’Neill, T & Hunter, M 1970, 'Evaluating Open Service Access with an Abstract Model of NGN Functions', 11th Asia-Pacific Network Operations and Management Symposium, APNOMS 2008, Asia-Pacific Network Operations and Management Symposium, Springer Berlin Heidelberg, Beijing, China, pp. 487-490.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

As new business models and market opportunities are rapidly emerging from the `opening up of telecommunications networks, we required a better understanding of the effectiveness of using open standards to provide access to functions in NGNs. In this paper we reason about the coverage of openly accessible functions using an abstract model of NGN functionality. Defining and using an abstract model allows us to evaluate the effectiveness of open standards from a perspective where a wide range of NGN functionality can be generalised and conveniently categorised. Subsequently, it will be possible to identify the gaps, which are a subset of functionality that we are specifically interested in for our project.

Lee, S, Leaney, J, O'Neill, T & Hunter, M 1970, 'Evaluating open service access with an abstract model of NGN functions', Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics), pp. 487-490.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

As new business models and market opportunities are rapidly emerging from the 'opening up' of telecommunications networks, we required a better understanding of the effectiveness of using open standards to provide access to functions in NGNs. In this paper we reason about the coverage of openly accessible functions using an abstract model of NGN functionality. Defining and using an abstract model allows us to evaluate the effectiveness of open standards from a perspective where a wide range of NGN functionality can be generalised and conveniently categorised. Subsequently, it will be possible to identify the gaps, which are a subset of functionality that we are specifically interested in for our project. © 2008 Springer Berlin Heidelberg.

Lee, T, Shraibman, A & Spalek, R 1970, 'A Direct Product Theorem for Discrepancy', 2008 23rd Annual IEEE Conference on Computational Complexity, Twenty-Third Annual IEEE Conference on Computational Complexity - CCC 2008, IEEE, pp. 71-80.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Lei, G, Li, Y, Zhao, J & Shao, KR 1970, 'Statistical sequential analysis for particle size distribution of magnetic nanoparticles', 2008 World Automation Congress Wac 2008.
View description>>

We present two statistical sequential analytical approaches to estimate particle size distribution of magnetic nanoparticles. They are termed sequential least square estimation and sequential linear minimum mean square error estimation, respectively. These approaches are implemented and quantified within the formalism of sequential estimation theory. The proposed methods are based on the data sampled sequentially in time and no matrix inversions are required in the implementation. To illustrate the efficiency of the proposed approaches, we give two examples of the particle size distributions in ferrofluid with normal sample and lognormal sample, respectively. In both cases we compare the reconstruction distributions using our methods with those calculated via the electron microscopy images of the ferrofluid particles.

Lei, G, Shao, KR, Li, Y, Yang, G & Zhao, J 1970, 'Sequential response surface model method for the optimization design of SMES', Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Electrical Machines and Systems Icems 2008, pp. 328-331.
View description>>

The TEAM Workshop problem 22 deals with the optimization design of a Superconducting Magnetic Energy Storage (SMES). It is a benchmark optimization problem in electromagnetic device design. To address this problem, sequential response surface model method is presented in this paper. Compared with the direct optimization method, we can see that the number of finite element sample points can be obviously reduced by our proposed method.

Lei, J, Li, Y, Kong, F & Wu, C 1970, 'A new pipelined VLSI architecture for JPEG-LS compression algorithm', SPIE Proceedings, Optical Engineering + Applications, SPIE, pp. 70840O-70840O.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Leijdekkers, P & Gay, V 1970, 'A self-test to detect a heart attack using a mobile phone and wearable sensors', PROCEEDINGS OF THE 21ST IEEE INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON COMPUTER-BASED MEDICAL SYSTEMS, IEEE International Symposium on Computer-Based Medical Systems, IEEE, Jyvaskyla, pp. 93-98.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Lemke, C & Gabrys, B 1970, 'Do we need experts for time series forecasting?', Esann 2008 Proceedings 16th European Symposium on Artificial Neural Networks Advances in Computational Intelligence and Learning, pp. 253-258.
View description>>

This study examines a selection of off-the-shelf forecasting and forecast combination algorithms with a focus on assessing their practical relevance by drawing conclusions for non-expert users. Some of the methods have only recently been introduced and have not been part in comparative empirical evaluations before. Considering the advances of forecasting techniques, this analysis addresses the question whether we need human expertise for forecasting or whether the investigated methods provide comparable performance.

Leong, TW, Howard, S, Vetere, F & ACM 1970, 'Choice: Abdicating or exercising', CHI 2008: 26TH ANNUAL CHI CONFERENCE ON HUMAN FACTORS IN COMPUTING SYSTEMS VOLS 1 AND 2, CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS, ACM Press, Florence, pp. 715-724.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

Many people today have access to enormous libraries of digital content. Increasingly these libraries contain personal content, consumed in support of people's non-instrumental needs. If current trends persist, these repositories will only increase. Having to choose from so much could be unpleasant especially in the absence of strong preferences. This raises some concerns for user experience (UX) design. Approaches for such interactions should not only be optimized for UX but must also support users' noninstrumental needs. People face this predicament during digital music listening and yet report positive experiences when listening in shuffle. Through an empirical study of digital music listening and close examination of people's listening practices and experiences, we argue that a shufflebased approach-whereby people can abdicate choice to a random process while being able to modulate the randomness-not only mitigates the unpleasantness of choosing but also supports their non-instrumental needs while fostering desirable experiential outcomes. Copyright 2008 ACM.

Leung, C, Huang, S, Dissanayake, G & IEEE 1970, 'Active SLAM in structured environments', 2008 IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ROBOTICS AND AUTOMATION, VOLS 1-9, IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation, IEEE, Pasadena, USA, pp. 1898-1903.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

This paper considers the trajectory planning problem for line-feature based SLAM in structured indoor environments. The robot poses and line features are estimated using Smooth and Mapping (SAM) which is found to provide more consistent estimates than the Extended Kalman Filter (EKF). The objective of trajectory planning is to minimise the uncertainty of the estimates and to maximise coverage. Trajectory planning is performed using Model Predictive Control (MPC) with an attractor incorporating long term goals. This planning is demonstrated both in simulation and in a real-time experiment with a Pioneer2DX robot. ©2008 IEEE.

Li Jason Jingshi, Kowalski Tomasz, Renz Jochen & Li Sanjiang 1970, 'Combining binary constraint networks in qualitative reasoning', Frontiers in Artificial Intelligence and Applications, European Conference on Artificial Intelligence, IOS Press, Patras, Greece, pp. 515-519.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

Constraint networks in qualitative spatial and temporal reasoning are always complete graphs. When one adds an extra element to a given network, previously unknown constraints are derived by intersections and compositions of other constraints, and this may introduce inconsistency to the overall network. Likewise, when combining two consistent networks that share a common part, the combined network may become inconsistent.

Li Zheng & Hoang, DB 1970, 'Performance analysis for resource coordination in a high-density wireless environment', 2008 IEEE Symposium on Computers and Communications, 2008 IEEE Symposium on Computers and Communications (ISCC), IEEE, Marrakech, Morocco, pp. 685-690.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

The cochannel overlapping basic service sets (OBSS) wireless interference is unavoidable in a high-density overlapping BSS environment. In order to provide interference-free environment and, at the same time, Quality of Services, centralized resources coordination functionalities particularly in Medium Access Control (MAC) layer are required. The proposed scheme, based on the context of 802.11 WiFi, separates the uplink and downlink transmission into two periods governed by contention scheme and polling scheme respectively. The possible collisions during the synchronized uplink period are avoided because of the natures of contention scheme used. During the downlink period, the grouping assignments, using coloring theory, are carried out based on the topology to divide BSSs into groups and then time spans to avoid collision. The constraint of grouping is that no two overlapping BSSs could be assigned to the same group/time span, so interferences are minimized using time division technique. A complete performance analysis in a number of simulation scenarios is finally presented.

Li, C-H, Kuo, B-C, Lin, C-T & Hung, C-C 1970, 'Dimension Reduction for Hyperspectral Image Classification via Support Vector based Feature Extraction', IGARSS 2008 - 2008 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium, IGARSS 2008 - 2008 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium, IEEE.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Li, H, Jiang, Z, Han, J, Wei, D, Pi, H & Kiet Tieu, A 1970, 'Crystal plasticity finite element modeling of necking of pure aluminum during uniaxial tensile deformation', Steel Research International, 12th International Conference on Metal Forming, Verlag Stahleisen Mbh, Cracow, POLAND, pp. 655-662.
View description>>

In order to figure out the slip deformation mechanisms and slip mechanism of various slip systems, Taylor-Type and finite element polycrystal models are separately input into the finite element software ABAQUS to model the development of the deformation texture during uniaxial tensile deformation. Initial orientation measured by electronic backscatter diffraction (EBSD) was directly input into crystal plasticity finite element model to simulate the necking of aluminum plate during the uniaxial tensile deformation. The results from the two polycrystal models are both approximate to the experimental results. Comparison with the deformation contouring map of the pure aluminum at the different strains, both the two polycrystal models could predict the necking of pure aluminum during the uniaxial tensile deformation, and two kind of silk textures formed in the uniaxial tensile deformation: one <111> silk texture; and the other <100> silk texture. However, the true necking strain and stress of experiments were different from those of two polycrystal models. © 2008 Verlag Stahleisen GmbH, Düsseldorf.

Li, HC, Jiang, ZY, Tieu, AK, Sun, WH, Li, HJ & Wei, DB 1970, 'Surface Roughness and Wear of Work Roll Containing Ti in Cold Strip Rolling', Advanced Materials Research, International Conference on Frontiers in Materials Science and Technology, Trans Tech Publications, Ltd., Queensland Univ Technol, Brisbane, AUSTRALIA, pp. 157-160.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

The consumption of work rolls in cold strip mills is significant. One of the key issues forwork rolls is the surface roughness which affects the rolling stability and surface finish of the strip.The produced strip has lower surface finish if the roll surface roughness is large. However, if theroll surface roughness is small, it is not helpful for establishing the rolling process, which willreduce the productivity. In this case, a laser treatment is employed to increase the value of rollsurface roughness. In order to reduce the times of roll grinding, the cold strip mill and rollmanufacturers have developed new types of rolls such as the rolls containing Ti to increase the rollwear resistance in cold strip rolling. Results show that the new 4CrTi roll has a significantadvantage of preventing decrease of the roll surface roughness. The size and generation of particlesduring roll wear process and the effect of Ti on roll wear have been discussed.

Li, HC, Jiang, ZY, Tieu, AK, Sun, WH, Li, HJ & Wei, DB 1970, 'Surface Roughness and Wear of Work Roll Containing Ti in Cold Strip Rolling', Advanced Materials Research, Trans Tech Publications Ltd., pp. 157-160.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

The consumption of work rolls in cold strip mills is significant. One of the key issues for work rolls is the surface roughness which affects the rolling stability and surface finish of the strip. The produced strip has lower surface finish if the roll surface roughness is large. However, if the roll surface roughness is small, it is not helpful for establishing the rolling process, which will reduce the productivity. In this case, a laser treatment is employed to increase the value of roll surface roughness. In order to reduce the times of roll grinding, the cold strip mill and roll manufacturers have developed new types of rolls such as the rolls containing Ti to increase the roll wear resistance in cold strip rolling. Results show that the new 4CrTi roll has a significant advantage of preventing decrease of the roll surface roughness. The size and generation of particles during roll wear process and the effect of Ti on roll wear have been discussed.

Li, HJ, Han, JT, Jiang, ZY, Pi, HC, Wei, DB & Tieu, AK 1970, 'Crystal Plasticity Finite Element Modelling of BCC Deformation Texture in Cold Rolling', Advanced Materials Research, International Conference on Frontiers in Materials Science and Technology, Trans Tech Publications, Ltd., Queensland Univ Technol, Brisbane, AUSTRALIA, pp. 251-254.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

Taylor-type and finite element polycrstal models have been embedded into the commercialfinite element code ABAQUS to carry out the crystal plasticity finite element modelling of BCCdeformation texture based on rate dependent crystal constitutive equations. Initial orientationsmeasured by EBSD were directly used in crystal plasticity finite element model to simulate thedevelopment of rolling texture of IF steel under various reductions. The calculated results are in goodagreement with the experimental values. The predicted and measured textures tend to sharper with anincrease of reduction, and the texture obtained from the Taylor-type model is much stronger than thatby finite element model. The rolling textures calculated with 48 {110}<110>, {112}<111> and{123}<111> slip systems are close to the EBSD results.

Li, HJ, Han, JT, Jiang, ZY, Pi, HC, Wei, DB & Tieu, AK 1970, 'Crystal Plasticity Finite Element Modelling of BCC Deformation Texture in Cold Rolling', Frontiers In Materials Science And Technology, International Conference on Frontiers in Materials Science and Technology, Trans Tech Publications Ltd., Brisbane, AUSTRALIA, pp. 251-254.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

Taylor-type and finite element polyerstal models have been embedded into the commercial finite element code ABAQUS to carry out the crystal plasticity finite element modelling of BCC deformation texture based on rate dependent crystal constitutive equations. Initial orientations measured by EBSD were directly used in crystal plasticity finite element model to simulate the development of rolling texture of IF steel under various reductions. The calculated results are in good agreement with the experimental values. The predicted and measured textures tend to sharper with an increase of reduction, and the texture obtained from the Taylor-type model is much stronger than that by finite element model. The rolling textures calculated with 48 {110}< 110 >, {112}< 111 > and {123}< 111 > slip systems are close to the EBSD results.

Li, J & Hao, P 1970, 'Reliable Representation of Data on Manifolds', Procedings of the British Machine Vision Conference 2008, British Machine Vision Conference 2008, British Machine Vision Association, pp. 113.1-113.10.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

The manifold learning algorithms are promising data analysis tools. However, to fit an unseen point in a learned model, the point must be located in the training set, which limits its scalability. In this paper, we discuss how to select landmarks from the data to help locate the test points. Our method is for data on manifolds: the way the landmarks represent the data in the ambient space should resemble the way they represent the data on the manifold. Compared to the previous research, (i) Our test foregoes the requirement of knowing the intrinsic manifold dimension and thus is more applicable and robust. (ii) Our selection implies a provable topology preservation property. (iii) We also provide a way to improve existing landmarks. Experiments on the synthetic data and the real data have been done. The results support the proposed properties and algorithms.

Li, J & Su, L 1970, 'Combining KPCA and PSO for Pattern Denoising', PROCEEDINGS OF THE 2008 CHINESE CONFERENCE ON PATTERN RECOGNITION (CCPR 2008), Chinese Conference one Pattern Recognition, IEEE, PEOPLES R CHINA, Beijing, pp. 1-6.

Li, J, Hao, P & Zhang, C 1970, 'Transferring Colours to Grayscale Images by Locally Linear Embedding', Procedings of the British Machine Vision Conference 2008, British Machine Vision Conference 2008, British Machine Vision Association, pp. 83.1-83.10.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

In this paper, we propose a learning-based method for adding colours to grayscale images. In contrast to many previous computer-aided colourizing methods, which require intensive and accurate human intervention, our method needs only the user to provide a colourful image of the similar content as the grayscale image. We accept the "image manifold" assumption and apply manifold learning methods to model the relations between the chromatic channels and the gray levels in the training images. Then we synthesize the objective chromatic channels using the learned relations. Experiments show that our method gives superior results to those of the previous work.

Li, J, Ma, G & Yu, M 1970, 'Penetration analysis for geo-material based on unified strength criterion', International Journal of Impact Engineering, Elsevier BV, pp. 1154-1163.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Li, J, Sim, K, Liu, G & Wong, L 1970, 'Maximal Quasi-Bicliques with Balanced Noise Tolerance: Concepts and Co-clustering Applications', Proceedings of the 2008 SIAM International Conference on Data Mining, Proceedings of the 2008 SIAM International Conference on Data Mining, Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics, Atlanta, pp. 72-83.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Li, L 1970, 'Decentralized boundary control of irrigation canal networks via a strict Lyapunov method', IFAC Proceedings Volumes, The International Federation of Automatic Control, Elsevier BV, Seoul, Korea, pp. 9970-9975.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

A decentralized boundary control problem for irrigation canal networks is considered in this paper. The control scheme is based on a strict Lyapunov method introduced in Coron et al. (2007). A sufficient condition is presented to guarantee the closed-loop system to be locally convergent to a desired set point, which extends the results in Coron et al. (2007) for the single-pool case to a decentralized fashion for the multi-pool case. By eliminating the redundant variables, the derived condition involves certain contractive condition and discrete-time Lyapunov inequality with variables in a diagonal structure. This provides an easier way to check the existence of the solution. An application to a two-pool canal with overflow spillways is presented to demonstrate the proposed approach. Copyright © 2007 International Federation of Automatic Control All Rights Reserved.

Li, L 1970, 'Model Reduction for Linear Parameter-Dependent Systems', IFAC Proceedings Volumes, IFAC World Congress, Elsevier BV, South Korea, pp. 4048-4053.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

The paper considers the problem of model reduction for a class of linear parameter-dependent (LPD) systems. Three model reduction approaches: balanced truncation, balanced LQG truncation and gain-scheduled $mathcal{H}_infty$ model reduction, are presented to reduce the dimension of LPD systems. For the former two approaches, conditions to proceed the reduction are given in terms of a finite number of linear matrix inequalities (LMIs); while the latter one involves LMIs with some additional rank constraint.

Li, L & IEEE 1970, 'Coprime Factor Model Reduction for Continuous-time Uncertain Systems', 47TH IEEE CONFERENCE ON DECISION AND CONTROL, 2008 (CDC 2008), IEEE Conference on Decision and Control, IEEE, Cancun, Mexico, pp. 4227-4232.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

The paper considers the problem of coprime factor model reduction for a class of continuous-time uncertain systems with structured norm bounded uncertainty. The proposed method is applicable to the uncertain systems which may be robustly unstable, overcoming the robust stability restriction in the balanced truncation approach. A systematic approach is presented to construct a contractive coprime factor for the underlying uncertain system, based on the use of LMIs. This enables the balanced truncation to be applied to the contractive coprime factor to obtain the reduced uncertain system. Error bound on the L 2-induced norm of the resulting coprime factor is derived. © 2008 IEEE.

Li, L, Rong, M & Zhang, G 1970, 'A Method Comparing Remote Procedure Call with Message-Oriented Middleware Quantitatively on the view of Software Architecture', ICCSE 2008: PROCEEDINGS OF THE THIRD INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON COMPUTER SCIENCE & EDUCATION, 3rd International Conference on Computer Science and Education, XIAMEN UNIV PRESS, PEOPLES R CHINA, Kaifeng, pp. 947-951.

Li, Y & Wang, J 1970, 'Experimental study on PID control of MagnetoRheological shock absorber under impact load', 15th International Congress on Sound and Vibration 2008 Icsv 2008, pp. 3022-3028.
View description>>

Magneto-Rheological fluids (MRF), with their fast, reversible and repeatable change of rheological behaviour in response to an external applied magnetic field, have for about a decade been the most fascinating subject of widespread interest. Many investigations have been fulfilled and prototypes have also been fabricated to undertake experiments, mainly in the transportation application such as automobile suspensions, heavy truck seats, and racecar suspensions and seismic protection in civil engineering and wind-rain-induced load mitigation in Cable Bridge. In recent years, the applications of MR devices under high shock and impact load have got increasing attentions because of its widely potentials in the engineering. Although there are researches focusing on the structure design and the dynamics of impact-use MR shock absorber, still very few investigations concerning the semi-Active control of the MR shock absorber under impact load have been explored. The primary purpose of this paper is to experimentally investigate the effectiveness of PID control policies on large-scale Magneto-Rheological (MR) shock absorber subjected to impact load. In this paper, three pre-estimated controllers, which are PID controller, PI controller and P controller, are developed to mitigate the peak shock response of MR shock absorber when it subjected to high impulsive load. An impulsive test rig that uses a fixed amount powder to produce the impact force is introduced. Comparative test results show that the P control has the best control results to restrain the peak response of damping force and inner pressure of MR shock absorber.

Li, Y, Lei, G & Shao, KR 1970, 'Coupled field analysis of electrostatic comb-drive actuator using reduced order modeling principles', 2008 World Automation Congress Wac 2008.
View description>>

This paper presents a modeling of lateral electrostatic Comb Drive actuator and develops a 2D finite element model using reduced order modeling (ROM) principles to analyze the coupled field. This technique reduces the Comb Drive to a group of equivalent lumped parameters finite elements which capture the device behavior. Finally, Simulation results are validated using an analytical approach, both methods give very similar results. The strongly coupled field problem is effectively solved by reduced order modeling (ROM) and the relation between structure parameters and the electrostatic force and the displacement is discussed.

Li, Y, Lei, G & Shao, KR 1970, 'Robust global optimal method for electromagnetic device design using approximation models', Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Electrical Machines and Systems Icems 2008, pp. 497-500.
View description>>

This paper presents a fast global optimal method for the optimization design of electromagnetic device, which based on the approximation models and the global optimization algorithms. Two approximate models, radial basis functions model and compactly supported radial basis functions model, are fully discussed in this paper. In order to illustrate the efficiency and robustness of the proposed method, an analytical test function and the TEAM Workshop problem 22 are investigated. Analysis and comparison show that the presented method is promising. The finite element sampling points can be obviously reduced by the proposed method.

Li, Y, Li, J, Samali, B & Wang, J 1970, 'Theoretical and experimental studies on semi-active smart pin joint', Futures in Mechanics of Structures and Materials Proceedings of the 20th Australasian Conference on the Mechanics of Structures and Materials Acmsm20, Australasian Conference on the Mechanics of Structures and Materials, Taylor & Francis Group, Toowoomba, Queensland, Australia, pp. 723-728.
View description>>

An intelligent structural system equipped with smart structural members that are controllable in real-time is one effective solution to prevent structural damage and failure during hostile dynamic loadings, thereby leading to effective protection of structures and their occupants. The primary purpose of this study is to design, fabricate and characterise a prototype smart member, namely a semi-active magnetorheological (MR) pin joint, through theoretical modelling and experimental investigation. Design of prototype smart pin joints includes theoretical analysis relating to the rotary plate radius, the property of MR fluids and the gap between the rotary plate and the casing based on the requirements of the dynamics of MR pin joints. It is verified that an MR pin joint with a diameter of 180 mm can produce a torque of up to 30 Nm, which is deemed adequate for realisation of the semi-active control for multi-storey building models in the next stage of research. © 2009 Taylor & Francis Group, London.

Li, Y, Li, L, Hellicar, A & Guo, YJ 1970, 'Super-resolution reconstruction of terahertz images', SPIE Proceedings, SPIE Defense and Security Symposium, SPIE, pp. 69490J-69490J.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

A prototype of terahertz imaging system has been built in CSIRO. This imager uses a backward wave oscillator as the source and a Schottky diode as the detector. It has a bandwidth of 500-700 GHz and a source power 10 mW. The resolution at 610 GHz is about 0.85 mm. Even though this imaging system is a coherent system, only the signal power is measured at the detector and the phase information of the detected wave is lost. Some initial images of tree leaves, chocolate bars and pinholes have been acquired with this system. In this paper, we report experimental results of an attempt to improve the resolution of this imaging system beyond the limitation of diffraction (super-resolution). Due to the lack of phase information needed for applying any coherent super-resolution algorithms, the performance of the incoherent Richardson-Lucy super-resolution algorithm has been evaluated. Experimental results have demonstrated that the Richardson-Lucy algorithm can significantly improve the resolution of these images in some sample areas and produce some artifacts in other areas. These experimental results are analyzed and discussed.

Li, Y, Wang, J & Hu, H 1970, 'Effect of fluted flow channel on magnetic field in Magneto-Rheological damper', Proceedings of the World Forum on Smart Materials and Smart Structures Technology Smsst 07, p. 574.

Li, Y, Wang, J, Hu, H & ASME 1970, 'Comprehensive study on controllablity of a large-scale MR shock absorber under high impact load', PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME INTERNATIONAL DESIGN ENGINEERING TECHNICAL CONFERENCE AND INFORMATION IN ENGINEERING CONFERENCE, VOL 1, PTS A-C, ASME International Design Engineering Technical Conferences/Computers and Information in Engineering Conference, AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS, Las Vegas, NV, pp. 1803-1808.

Li, Z & Chen, J 1970, 'On Semantic Object Detection with Salient Feature', Springer Berlin Heidelberg, pp. 782-791.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Li, Z, Chen, J & Schraudolph, NN 1970, 'An Improved Mean-Shift Tracker with Kernel Prediction and Scale Optimisation Targeting for Low-Frame-Rate Video Tracking', 19TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON PATTERN RECOGNITION, VOLS 1-6, 19th International Conference on Pattern Recognition (ICPR 2008), IEEE, Tampa, FL, pp. 3893-3896.

Li, Z, Tan, E, Chen, J & Wassantachat, T 1970, 'On Traffic Density Estimation with a Boosted SVM Classifier', 2008 Digital Image Computing: Techniques and Applications, 2008 Digital Image Computing: Techniques and Applications, IEEE, pp. 117-123.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Lihong Zheng, Xiangjian He, Qiang Wu, Wenjing Jia, Samali, B & Palaniswami, M 1970, 'A hierarchically combined classifier for license plate recognition', 2008 8th IEEE International Conference on Computer and Information Technology, 2008 8th IEEE International Conference on Computer and Information Technology (CIT), IEEE, Sydney, pp. 372-377.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

High accuracy and fast recognition speed are two requirements for real-time and automatic license plate recognition system. In this paper, we propose a hierarchically combined classifier based on an Inductive Learning Based Method and an SVM-based classification. This approach employs the inductive learning based method to roughly divide all classes into smaller groups. Then the SVM method is used for character classification in individual groups. Both start from a collection of samples of characters from license plates. After a training process using some known samples in advance, the inductive learning rules are extracted for rough classification and the parameters used for SVM-based classification are obtained. Then, a classification tree is constructed for further fast training and testing processes for SVMbased classification. Experimental results for the proposed approach are given. From the experimental results, we can make the conclusion that the hierarchically combined classifier is better than either the inductive learning based classification or the SVMbased classification in terms of error rates and processing speeds. © 2008 IEEE.

Lin, CT & Yu, YC 1970, 'Design of an effective pipeline FFT/IFFT processor', International Journal of Electrical Engineering, pp. 287-297.
View description>>

This investigation proposes the novel radix-4² and radix-4 ³ algorithms with the low computational complexities of the radix-16 and radix-64 algorithms and the low hardware requirements of the radix-4 algorithm. Based on the multiplierless radix-4 butterfly structure, the proposed radix-4² single-path delay feedback (R4²SDF) design and radix-4³ single-path delay feedback (R4³SDF) design support the 4096-point FFT/IFFT computations. Moreover, the retrenched constant multiplier and eight-folded complex multiplier structures are adopted to decrease the multiplier cost and the coefficient ROM size with the complex conjugate symmetry rule and subexpression elimination technology. To further decrease the chip cost, a finite word-length analysis is provided to indicate that the proposed R4²SDF and R4³SDF architectures only require 14 and 13-bit internal word-length to achieve 40dB SNR performance in the 4096-point FFT/IFFT computation. The comprehensive comparison results indicate that the proposed R4³SDF design has the smallest hardware cost and the highest hardware utilization among the tested architectures for the FFT/IFFT computation, and thus has the highest efficiency. The implementation results show that the proposed R4²SDF and R4³SDF based 4096-point pipeline FFT/IFFT processors only consumes 6.3725 and 5.985 mW@20 MHz at 1.2V supply voltage in TSMC 0.13 μm CMOS process.

Lin, M, Rong, M & Zhang, G 1970, 'Research on the Component-based Compositional Timing Analysis for Embedded Real-time Software', ICCSE 2008: PROCEEDINGS OF THE THIRD INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON COMPUTER SCIENCE & EDUCATION, 3rd International Conference on Computer Science and Education, XIAMEN UNIV PRESS, PEOPLES R CHINA, Kaifeng, pp. 929-935.

Lin, X & Zhang, Y 1970, 'Aggregate Computation over Data Streams', PROGRESS IN WWW RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT, PROCEEDINGS, 10th Asia-Pacific Web Conference and Workshops, Springer Berlin Heidelberg, Shenyang, PEOPLES R CHINA, pp. 10-25.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Lin, Z, Zhu, J & Guo, Y 1970, 'Observation of Magnetization Processes in Soft Magnetic Composite', Proceedings of the 32nd Annual Condensed Matter and Materials Meeting, Annual Condensed Matter and Materials Meeting, AIP, Wagga Wagga, Australia, pp. 1-4.
View description>>

A magneto-optical imaging technique has been employed to visualize magnetization processes of soft magnetic composite material. The profiles of reflected light intensity of magneto-optical images at the sample surface were plotted. The results demonstrate that magnetooptical imaging is a sensitive tool to visualize magnetization process. The flux profiles obtained under conditions of perpendicular and tangential magnetizations indicate that the sample behaves as a collection of individual magnetized particles rather than as a uniform and continuous magnetic substance.

Lindsay, ED, Murray, S, Liu, DK, Lowe, DB & Bright, CG 1970, 'Establishment reality vs Maintenance Reality: How real is real enough?', Proceedings of 36th European Society for Engineering Education Sefi Conference on Quality Assessment Employability and Innovation, Annual Conference of European Society for Engineering Education, European Society for Engineering Education, Aarlborg, Denmark, pp. 1-4.
View description>>

Remote and virtual laboratories are increasingly prevalent alternatives to the face to face laboratory experience, however the question of their learning outcomes is yet to be fully investigated. There are many presumptions regarding the effectiveness of these approaches; foremost amongst these assumptions is that the experience must be 'real' to be effective. Embedding reality into a remote or virtual laboratory can be an expensive and time consuming task. Significant effort has been expended to create 3D VRML models of laboratory equipment, allowing students to pan, zoom and tilt their perspective as they see fit. Multiple camera angles have be embedded into remote interfaces to provide an increased sense of 'real-ness'. This paper draws upon the literature in the field to show that the necessary threshold for reality varies depending upon how the students are interacting with the equipment. There is one threshold for when they first interact - the Establishment Reality - which allows the students to familiarise themselves with the laboratory equipment, and to build their mental model of the experience. There is, however, a second, lower, threshold - the Maintenance Reality - that is necessary for the students' ongoing operation of the equipment. Students' usage patterns rely upon a limited subset of the available functionality, focussing upon only some aspects of the reality that has been originally established. The two threshold model presented in this paper provides new insight for the development of virtual laboratories in the future.

Ling, SH, Iu, HHC, Leung, FHF, Chan, KY & IEEE 1970, 'Modelling the Development of Fluid Dispensing for Electronic Packaging: Hybrid Particle Swarm Optimization Based-Wavelet Neural Network Approach', 2008 IEEE INTERNATIONAL JOINT CONFERENCE ON NEURAL NETWORKS, VOLS 1-8, International Joint Conference on Neural Networks, IEEE, Hong Kong, PEOPLES R CHINA, pp. 98-103.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Lister, R 1970, 'After the gold rush: Toward sustainable scholarship in computing', Conferences in Research and Practice in Information Technology Series, Australasian Computing Education Conference, Australian Computer Society, Wollongong, Australia, pp. 3-17.
View description>>

In just thirty years, we have gone from punched cards to Second Life. But, as the American National Science Foundation (NSF) recently noted, 'undergraduate computing education today often looks much as it did several decades ago' (NSF, 2006). Consequently, today's 'Nintendo Generation' have voted with their feet. We bore them. The contrast between the changes wrought via computer research over the last 30 years, and the failure of computing education to adapt to those changes, is because computing academics lead a double life. In our research lives we see ourselves as part of a community that reaches beyond our own university. We read literature, we attend conferences, we publish, and the cycle repeats, with community members building upon each other's work. But in our teaching lives we rarely discuss teaching beyond our own university, we are not guided by any teaching literature; instead we simply follow our instincts. Academics in computing, or in any other discipline, can approach their teaching as research into how novices become experts. Several recent multi-institutional research collaborations have studied the development of novice programmers. This paper describes some of the results from those collaborations. The separation of our teaching and research lives diminishes not just our teaching but also our research. The modern practice of stripping away all 'distractions' to maximize research output is like the practice of stripping away rainforest to grow beef - both practices appear to work, for a little while, but not indefinitely. Twenty-first century academia needs to bring teaching and research together, to form a scholarship of computing that is an integrated, sustainable, ecological whole. © 2008, Australian Computer Society, Inc.

Lister, R & Box, I 1970, 'A citation analysis of the ACE2005 - 2007 proceedings, with reference to the June 2007 CORE conference and journal rankings', Conferences in Research and Practice in Information Technology Series, Australasian Computing Education Conference, Australian Computer Society, Wollongong, Australia, pp. 93-102.
View description>>

This paper compares the CORE rankings of computing education conferences and journals to the frequency of citation of those journals and conferences in the ACE2005, 2006 and 2007 proceedings. The assumption underlying this study is that citation rates are a measure of esteem, and so there should be a positive relationship between citation rates and rankings. The CORE conference rankings appear to broadly reflect the ACE citations, but there are some inconsistencies between citation rates and the journal rankings. The paper also identifies the most commonly cited books in these ACE proceedings. Finally, in the spirit of 'Quis custodiet ipsos custodes?' the paper discusses some ways in which the CORE rankings process itself might in future be made more transparent and open to scholarly discourse. © 2008, Australian Computer Society, Inc.

Lister, R & Box, I 1970, 'A citation analysis of the sigcse 2007 proceedings', Proceedings of the 39th SIGCSE technical symposium on Computer science education, SIGCSE '08: The 39th ACM Technical Symposium on Computer Science Education, ACM, Portland, OR, USA, pp. 476-480.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

Abstract: This paper identifies the most commonly cited conferences, journals and books among the 1398 citations made in the 122 publications of the SIGCSE 2007 proceedings. The SIGCSE 2007 authors cited a very large array of conferences, journals and books, but the majority are only cited within a single paper. There are only a very small set of journals and conferences cited frequently. Most books cited are concerned with technical information or are textbooks. Only 2% of books are concerned with computer science education and 23% with education in general. The picture that emerges from this citation analysis is that the SIGCSE community does not have a substantial core set of educational literature. Also, the epistemology of the SIGCSE community is primarily objectivist, with a focus on content, rather than a constructivist, student-centered focus on learning.

Lister, R, Caspersen, ME & Clancy, M 1970, 'ICER'08 - Proceedings of the ACM Workshop on International Computing Education Research: Foreword', Icer 08 Proceedings of the ACM Workshop on International Computing Education Research.

Lister, RF & Simon, S 1970, 'Koli Calling 2007', Proceedings of the 7th Baltic Sea Conference on Computing Education Research, Baltic Sea Conference on Computing Education Research, Australian Computer Society, Koli National Park, Finland, pp. 1-231.
View description>>

The Seventh Baltic Sea Conference on Computing Education Research, Koli Calling 2007, was held in Finlandâs beautiful Koli National Park on 15-18 November 2007. Contributions to Koli Calling can take one of four forms. Research papers present unpublished original research. System papers describe tools for learning, instruction, or assessment in computing education, motivated by the didactic needs of computing. Discussion papers are shorter papers used to present novel ideas, proposals, prototypes, or work in progress. Posters are very short presentations describing novel approaches or work in progress. All papers and posters were double-blind peer reviewed by members of the international programme committee and additional reviewers. There were 30 âlongâ papers submitted (i.e. research or system papers). The acceptance rate for long papers was 43% (12 research papers and one system paper). The remaining long papers, and those papers submitted specifically as discussion papers, comprised a total of 28 papers, of which 15 (54%) were accepted as short papers. The authors of all these accepted papers are from 12 diï¬erent countries.

Lister, RF, Caspersen, M & Clancy, M 1970, 'Proceeding of the fourth International workshop on Computing education research', Proceeding of the fourth International workshop on Computing education research, International workshop on Computing education research, Association of Computing Machinery, Sydney, Australia, pp. 1-184.
View description>>

The call for papers attracted 46 submissions. All papers were double-blind peer-reviewed by members of the international program committee. After the reviewing, 16 papers (35%) were accepted for inclusion in the conference, written by authors across 9 countries: Australia, Canada, Denmark, Finland, Germany, New Zealand, Sweden, the United Kingdom, and the United States of America

Listowski, A, Ngo, H, Guo, W, Vigneswaran, S & Palmer, CG 1970, 'Assessment Framework of Urban Water Reuse Based on a Novel Integrated Water Cycle Concept', Proceedings of the IWA World Water Congress and Exhibition 2008, IWA World Water Congress, International Water Association (IWA), Vienna, Austria, pp. 1-8.
View description>>

To achieve sustainability of the water reclamation and urban reuse technologies, it would be necessary to develop and apply comprehensive assessment methodology and processes that would consider critical elements of urban water cycle, sustainability criteria and appropriate performance assessment standards as an integrated framework. When trying to study the rationale behind the urban water reuse approaches from social, economic, technical and ecological point of view, the outcomes are often lacking cohesion and appropriate balance. The assessment methods are further complicated by the lack of consistency, specific and accurate information and methodologies, which ultimately impair the process. Taking into consideration complexity and uniqueness of the integrated water cycle concept, this paper introduces to a novel assessment framework. This enables to identify suitable assessment process consisting of logical steps and including relevant objectives, principles from which a broad selection of criteria s and performance indicators would be derived. The final step in the process would be focused on validation of the quantitative analysis and model preparation. A considerable effort would also be necessary to establish baseline indicators of sustainability and operational tools to evaluate performance of the urban water systems.

Little, H & Eager, DM 1970, 'Children need risk', 17th International Play Association World Conference, Hong Kong.

Liu, B, Cao, L, Yu, PS & Zhang, C 1970, 'Multi-Space-Mapped SVMs for Multi-class Classification', 2008 Eighth IEEE International Conference on Data Mining, 2008 Eighth IEEE International Conference on Data Mining (ICDM), IEEE, Pisa, Italy, pp. 911-916.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

In SVMs-based multiple classification, it is not always possible to find an appropriate kernel function to map all the classes from different distribution functions into a feature space where they are linearly separable from each other. This is even worse if the number of classes is very large. As a result, the classification accuracy is not as good as expected. In order to improve the performance of SVMs-based multi-classifiers, this paper proposes a method, named multi-space-mapped SVMs, to map the classes into different feature spaces and then classify them. The proposed method reduces the requirements for the kernel function. Substantial experiments have been conducted on One-against-All, One-against-One, FSVM, DDAG algorithms and our algorithm using six UCI data sets. The statistical results show that the proposed method has a higher probability of finding appropriate kernel functions than traditional methods and outperforms others. © 2008 IEEE.

Liu, C, Rong, M & Zhang, G 1970, 'A Method For Verifying The Consistency of Dynamic Behavioral Models of Real-time Software Based on UML/SPT', ICCSE 2008: PROCEEDINGS OF THE THIRD INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON COMPUTER SCIENCE & EDUCATION, 3rd International Conference on Computer Science and Education, XIAMEN UNIV PRESS, PEOPLES R CHINA, Kaifeng, pp. 936-941.

Liu, DK, Dissayanake, G, Manamperi, PB, Brooks, PA, Fang, G, Paul, G, Webb, S, Kirchner, N, Chotiprayanakul, P, Kwok, NM & Ren, TR 1970, 'A robotic system for steel bridge maintenance: Research challenges and system design', Proceedings of the 2008 Australasian Conference on Robotics and Automation Acra 2008, Australasian Conference on Robotics and Automation, Australian Robotics and Automation Association, Australia National University, Canberra, Australia, pp. 1-7.
View description>>

This paper presents the research on and development of a robotic system for stripping paint and rust from steel bridges, with the ultimate objective of preventing human exposure to hazardous and dangerous debris (containing rust, paint particles, lead and/or asbestos), relieving human workers from labor intensive tasks and reducing costs associated with bridge maintenance. The robot system design, the key research challenges and enabling technologies and system development are discussed in detail. Research results obtained so far and discussions on some key issues are also presented.

Liu, F-C, Sun, Q-S, Zhang, J & Xia, D-S 1970, 'Generalized Canonical Correlation Analysis Using GSVD', 2008 International Symposium on Computer Science and Computational Technology, 2008 International Symposium on Computer Science and Computational Technology, IEEE, pp. 136-141.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Liu, G, Li, J & Wong, L 1970, 'Assessing and Predicting Protein Interactions Using Both Local and Global Network Topological Metrics', Genome Informatics 2008, Proceedings of the 19th International Conference, IMPERIAL COLLEGE PRESS, pp. 138-149.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Liu, RP, Rosberg, Z, Collings, IB, Wilson, C, Dong, AY & Jha, S 1970, 'Overcoming Radio Link Asymmetry in Wireless Sensor Networks', 2008 IEEE 19TH INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON PERSONAL, INDOOR AND MOBILE RADIO COMMUNICATIONS, 19th IEEE International Symposium on Personal, Indoor and Mobile Radio Communications, IEEE, Cannes, FRANCE, pp. 289-293.

Liu, RP, Rosberg, Z, Collings, IB, Wilson, C, Dong, AY & Jha, S 1970, 'Overcoming radio link asymmetry in wireless sensor networks.', PIMRC, IEEE, pp. 1-5.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

We derive two new energy efficient reliable data transport protocols for overcoming the negative impact of asymmetric radio links in wireless sensor networks. The energy efficiency of these algorithms is explicitly derived using our theoretical model, and validated by results obtained from simulations and field trials. The analytical, simulation and field trials demonstrate that our proposed protocols perform well in networks with asymmetric links and can save energy of up to 27% compared to conventional ARQ schemes. © 2008 IEEE.

Liu, RP, Zic, J, Collings, IB, Dong, AY & Jha, S 1970, 'Efficient Reliable Data Collection in Wireless Sensor Networks', 68TH IEEE VEHICULAR TECHNOLOGY CONFERENCE, FALL 2008, 68th IEEE Vehicular Technology Conference, IEEE, Calgary, CANADA, pp. 1974-1978.

Liu, RP, Zic, J, Collings, IB, Dong, AY & Jha, S 1970, 'Efficient Reliable Data Collection in Wireless Sensor Networks.', VTC Fall, IEEE, pp. 1-5.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

We propose an Efficient Reliable Data Collection (eRDC) algorithm. The eRDC is designed for energy-constraint wireless sensor networks (WSN) to balance reliability and energy consumption. We derive energy efficiencies of the proposed reliability schemes, and evaluate their performances. These analyses provide a guideline to determine the number of retransmissions for reliable data delivery. Dynamic programming concept is used to find the optimal solution. We present a distributed eRDC implementation to dynamically control the maximum number of retransmissions based on the guideline provided. Discrete event simulations and field trials with wireless sensor nodes confirmed our results. ©2008 IEEE.

Liu, W, Tao, D & Liu, J 1970, 'Transductive Component Analysis.', ICDM, IEEE International Conference on Data Mining, IEEE Computer Society, Pisa, Italy, pp. 433-442.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

In this paper, we study semi-supervised linear dimensionality reduction. Beyond conventional supervised methods which merely consider labeled instances, the semi-supervised scheme allows to leverage abundant and ample unlabeled instances into learning so

Liu, X, Li, J & Wang, L 1970, 'Quasi-bicliques: Complexity and Binding Pairs', Proceedings of the 14th Annual International Conference, COCOON 2008, Annual International Computing and Combinatorics Conference, Springer Berlin Heidelberg, Dalian, pp. 255-264.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

Protein-protein interactions (PPIs) are one of the most important mechanisms in cellular processes. To model protein interaction sites, recent studies have suggested to find interacting protein group pairs from large PPI networks at the first step, and then to search conserved motifs within the protein groups to form interacting motif pairs. To consider noise effect and incompleteness of biological data, we propose to use quasi-bicliques for finding interacting protein group pairs. We investigate two new problems which arise from finding interacting protein group pairs: the maximum vertex quasi-biclique problem and the maximum balanced quasi-biclique problem. We prove that both problems are NP-hard. This is a surprising result as the widely known maximum vertex biclique problem is polynomial time solvable [16]. We then propose a heuristic algorithm which uses the greedy method to find the quasi-bicliques from PPI networks. Our experiment results on real data show that this algorithm has a better performance than a benchmark algorithm for identifying highly matched BLOCKS and PRINTS motifs.

Lo, D, Khoo, S-C & Li, J 1970, 'Mining and Ranking Generators of Sequential Patterns', Proceedings of the 2008 SIAM International Conference on Data Mining, Proceedings of the 2008 SIAM International Conference on Data Mining, Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics, Atlanta, pp. 553-564.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Lopez, M, Whalley, J, Robbins, P & Lister, R 1970, 'Relationships between reading, tracing and writing skills in introductory programming', Proceedings of the Fourth international Workshop on Computing Education Research, ICER '08: International Computing Education Research Workshop, ACM, Sydney, Australia, pp. 101-112.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

ABSTRACT: This study analyzed student responses to an examination, after the students had completed one semester of instruction in programming. The performance of students on code tracing tasks correlated with their performance on code writing tasks. A correlation was also found between performance on "explain in plain English" tasks and code writing. A stepwise regression, with performance on code writing as the dependent variable, was used to construct a path diagram. The diagram suggests the possibility of a hierarchy of programming related tasks. Knowledge of programming constructs forms the bottom of the hierarchy, with "explain in English", Parson's puzzles, and the tracing of iterative code forming one or more intermediate levels in the hierarchy.

López-Mariscal, C, Burnham, D, Rudd, D, McGloin, D & Gutiérrez-Vega, JC 1970, 'Accurate phase mapping of nondiffracting singular beams', SPIE Proceedings, Optical Engineering + Applications, SPIE, San Diego, CA, pp. 70620B-70620B.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Lowe, DB & Johnston, AJ 1970, 'Engineering Admissions Criteria: Focusing on Ultimate Professional Success', Work Integrated Learning (WIL): Transforming Futures - Practice...Pedagogy...Partnerships. WACE Asia Pacific Conference 2008: E-Proceedings, WACE Asia Pacific Conference, ACEN, Manly, Australia, pp. 343-349.
View description>>

The majority of Australian Universities use performance in the higher school examinations as the primary basis of admission into undergraduate programs for current school leavers. In 2005 an analysis of academic performance in the UTS undergraduate Engineering program showed a relatively low correlation with Higher School Certificate (HSC) results, particularly for students outside the top performance bands. This led to a rethinking of the admissions processes, and the introduction of a broader admission scheme. This scheme incorporated the results of an admission questionnaire which was designed with substantial input from industry, and which aimed to provide an indication of both likely academic success within the degree program as well as (and possibly more importantly) the likely success as a graduate Engineer. The key criteria related to affinity with, and motivations for, an Engineering career and addressed both the attitude and aptitude of students in terms of emotional intelligence characteristics. In this paper we describe the design and introduction of this scheme, and how input from industry was used to construct a questionnaire. We provide an analysis of early outcomes from the process in terms of student performance, and the extent to which course performance correlates to questionnaire results. We also include recommendations on how these schemes may be used to improve the retention and success of Engineering students and how to better match the aptitudes of engineering graduates with the needs and aspirations of Industry and Business.

Lowe, DB, Murray, SJ, Lindsay, E, Liu, D & Bright, C 1970, 'Reflecting Professional Reality in Remote Laboratory Experiences', REV 2008: Remote Engineering and Virtual Instrumentation, Remote Engineering and Virtual Instrumentation, International Association of Online Engineering, Dusseldorf, Germany, pp. 1-5.

Lu, C, Wei, D, Jiang, Z & Tieu, K 1970, 'Experimental and theoretical investigation of the asperity flattening process under large bulk strain', Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part J: Journal of Engineering Tribology, 34th Leeds-Lyon Symposium on Tribology, SAGE Publications, Inst Natl Sci Appliquees, Lyon, FRANCE, pp. 271-278.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

In this paper, the flattening of the model asperities under large bulk strain has been experimentally and theoretically investigated. The specimens with two types of model asperities (pyramid-shaped asperity and ridge-shaped asperity) on the top surface are compressed by a flat punch. The measured contact ratios are used to validate the theoretical model. The rigid-plastic finite-element method model is developed to analyse the asperity flattening processes under bulk straining. The results show that the contact ratio increases with bulk strain and the contact pressure for both types of asperities. The ridge-shaped asperity exhibits a higher contact ratio than the pyramid-shaped asperity. The contact ratio also increases with the asperity angles in the presence of large bulk deformation.

Lu, J, Deng, X, Vroman, P, Zeng, X, Ma, J & Zhang, G 1970, 'A fuzzy multi-criteria group decision support system for nonwoven based cosmetic product development evaluation', 2008 IEEE International Conference on Fuzzy Systems (IEEE World Congress on Computational Intelligence), 2008 IEEE 16th International Conference on Fuzzy Systems (FUZZ-IEEE), IEEE, Kong Kong, China, pp. 1700-1707.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

Product prototype evaluation is an important phase in new product development (NPD). Such evaluation often requires multiple criteria that are within a hierarchy and a group of evaluators. The evaluation process and these evaluation criteria often involve uncertain and fuzzy data in the weights of these criteria and the judgments of these evaluators. To evaluate nonwoven cosmetic product prototypes, this study first develops a NPD evaluation model, which has evaluation criteria within three levels, based on the features of nonwoven products. It then proposes a fuzzy (multi-level) multi-criteria group decision-making (FMCGDM) method for supporting the evaluation task. A fuzzy multi-criteria group decision support system (FMCGDSS) is developed to implement the proposed method and applied in nonwoven cosmetic product development evaluation. © 2008 IEEE.

Lu, J, Deng, X, Zeng, X, Vroman, P, Wu, F & Zhang, G 1970, 'A fuzzy multi-objective decision support system for nonwoven products experiment design', COMPUTATIONAL INTELLIGENCE IN DECISION AND CONTROL, International Fuzzy Logic and Intelligent technologies in Nuclear Science Conference, World Scientific, Madrid, Spain, pp. 787-792.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

Experiment design often involves multiple objectives and uncertain data in its optimizing process. Fuzzy multi-objective linear programming (FMOLP) is an appropriate method to handle this problem. For the case of modeling nonwoven-based resilient product

Lu, J, Zhu, Y, Zeng, X, Koehl, L, Ma, J & Zhang, G 1970, 'A Fuzzy Decision Support System for Garment New Product Development', AI 2008: ADVANCES IN ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE, PROCEEDINGS, Australasian Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence, Springer, New Zealand, pp. 532-+.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

Garment new product development (NPD) evaluation requires considering multiple criteria under a hierarchical structure. The evaluation process often involves uncertainty and fuzziness in both the relationships between criteria and the judgments of evaluators. This study first presents a garment NPD evaluation model under a well-being concept. It then proposes a fuzzy multi-criteria group decision-making (FMCGDM) method to evaluate garment NPD. The advantages of the FMCGDM method include handling criteria in a hierarchical structure, dealing with three kinds of uncertainties simultaneously, and using suitable types of fuzzy numbers to describe linguistic terms. A fuzzy multi-criteria group decision support system (FMCGDSS) is developed to implement the proposed method. Finally a garment NPD evaluation case study demonstrates the proposed method and software system.

Lu, J, Zhu, Y, Zeng, X, Koehl, L, Ma, J & Zhang, G 1970, 'A fuzzy multi-criteria group decision support system for textile material fabric-hand evaluation', COMPUTATIONAL INTELLIGENCE IN DECISION AND CONTROL, International Fuzzy Logic and Intelligent technologies in Nuclear Science Conference, World Scientific, Madrid, Spain, pp. 1129-1134.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

Fabric-hand evaluation is one of the key features and measures in textile material selection for fashion design. Fabric-hand evaluation requires considering multiple criteria with in a group of evaluators, The evaluation process often involves fuzziness

Lukman, S, Sim, K, Li, J & Chen, YPP 1970, 'Interacting amino acid preferences of 3D pattern pairs at the binding sites of transient and obligate protein complexes', Series on Advances in Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, pp. 69-78.
View description>>

To assess the physico-chemical characteristics of protein-protein interactions, protein sequences and overall structural folds have been analyzed previously. To highlight this, discovery and examination of amino acid patterns at the binding sites defined by structural proximity in 3-dimensional (3D) space are essential. In this paper, we investigate the interacting preferences of 3D pattern pairs discovered separately in transient and obligate protein complexes. These 3D pattern pairs are not necessarily sequence-consecutive, but each residue in two groups of amino acids from two proteins in a complex is within certain Å threshold to most residues in the other group. We develop an algorithm called AApairs by which every pair of interacting proteins is represented as a bipartite graph, and it discovers all maximal quasi-bicliques from every bipartite graph to form our 3D pattern pairs. From 112 and 2533 highly conserved 3D pattern pairs discovered in the transient and obligate complexes respectively, we observe that Ala and Leu is the highest occuring amino acid in interacting 3D patterns of transient (20.91%) and obligate (33.82%) complexes respectively. From the study on the dipeptide composition on each side of interacting 3D pattern pairs, dipeptides Ala-Ala and Ala-Leu are popular in 3D patterns of both transient and obligate complexes. The interactions between amino acids with large hydrophobicity difference are present more in the transient than in the obligate complexes. On contrary, in obligate complexes, interactions between hydrophobic residues account for the top 5 most occuring amino acid pairings.

Luo, C, Cai, X & Zhang, J 1970, 'GATE: A Novel Robust Object Tracking Method Using the Particle Filtering and Level Set Method', 2008 Digital Image Computing: Techniques and Applications, 2008 Digital Image Computing: Techniques and Applications, IEEE, Canberra, ACT, pp. 378-385.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

This paper presents a novel algorithm for robust object tracking based on the particle filtering method employed in recursive Bayesian estimation and image segmentation and optimisation techniques employed in active contour models and level set methods.

Luo, C, Cai, X & Zhang, J 1970, 'Robust object tracking using the particle filtering and level set methods: A comparative experiment', 2008 IEEE 10th Workshop on Multimedia Signal Processing, 2008 IEEE 10th Workshop on Multimedia Signal Processing (MMSP), IEEE, Cairns, QLD, pp. 359-364.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

Robust visual tracking has become an important topic of research in computer vision. A novel method for robust object tracking, GATE [11], improves object tracking in complex environments using the particle filtering and the level set-based active contou

Luo, C, Zhao, Y, Cao, L, Ou, Y & Liu, L 1970, 'Outlier Mining on Multiple Time Series Data in Stock Market', Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics), Pacific Rim International Conference on Artificial Intelligence, Springer Berlin Heidelberg, Hanoi, Vietnam, pp. 1010-1015.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

With the dramatic increase of stock market data, traditional outlier mining technologies have shown their limitations in efficiency and precision. In this paper, an outlier mining model on stock market data is proposed, which aims to detect the anomalies from multiple complex stock market data. This model is able to improve the precision of outlier mining on individual time series. The experiments on real-world stock market data show that the proposed outlier mining model is effective and outperforms traditional technologies. © 2008 Springer Berlin Heidelberg.

Luo, C, Zhao, Y, Cao, L, Ou, Y & Zhang, C 1970, 'Exception Mining on Multiple Time Series in Stock Market', 2008 IEEE/WIC/ACM International Conference on Web Intelligence and Intelligent Agent Technology, 2008 IEEE/WIC/ACM International Conference on Web Intelligence and Intelligent Agent Technology, IEEE, Sydney, Australia, pp. 690-693.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

This paper presents our research on exception mining on multiple time series data which aims to assist stock market surveillance by identifying market anomalies. Traditional technologies on stock market surveillance have shown their limitations to handle large amount of complicated stock market data. In our research, the Outlier Mining on Multiple time series (OMM) is proposed to improve the effectiveness of exception detection for stock market surveillance. The idea of our research is presented, challenges on the research are analyzed, and potential research directions are summarized. © 2008 IEEE.

Luo, L, Zhang, J & Shi, Z 1970, 'BER Analysis for Asymmetric OFDM Systems', IEEE GLOBECOM 2008 - 2008 IEEE Global Telecommunications Conference, IEEE GLOBECOM 2008 - 2008 IEEE Global Telecommunications Conference, IEEE, pp. 1-6.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

To alleviate the high peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) and sensitivity to carrier frequency offset (CFO) problems, an asymmetric OFDM (A-OFDM) system has been recently proposed. In this paper, the theoretical bit error rate (BER) analysis of the A-OFDM systems is presented. Various modulation methods, i.e., BPSK and M-ray QAM, and equalization techniques, i.e., zero forcing (ZF) and minimum mean square error (MMSE) criteria are considered. Our analysis shows that the BER performance of the A-OFDM system bridges that of conventional OFDM and single carrier systems. Certain advanced equalizers, such as MMSE equalizer, are found to significantly improve the BER performance of the A-OFDM systems. The analysis approach is generally applicable to most modulation schemes and can be extended to any precoded OFDM systems. © 2008 IEEE.

Luo, L, Zhang, J & Shi, Z 1970, 'Iterative (turbo) joint channel estimation and signal detection for Quadrature OFDMA systems', 2008 IEEE 19th International Symposium on Personal, Indoor and Mobile Radio Communications, 2008 IEEE 19th International Symposium on Personal, Indoor and Mobile Radio Communications (PIMRC), IEEE, IEEE, pp. 1-5.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Luo, L, Zhang, JA & Shi, Z 1970, 'BER Analysis for Asymmetric OFDM Systems', GLOBECOM 2008 - 2008 IEEE GLOBAL TELECOMMUNICATIONS CONFERENCE, IEEE Global Telecommunications Conference (GLOBECOM 08), IEEE, New Orleans, LA, pp. 1-6.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Luo, Q & Tong, L 1970, 'Moving least square approximation for tracking dynamic shapes of smart structures', 7th European Conference on Structural Dynamics, EURODYN 2008.
View description>>

This paper presents a moving least square approximation for tracking dynamic shapes of flexible smart structures. The dynamic structural shape is referred to as the shape of a structure that varies with respect to time, and the tracking technique is to find an optimum stimuli input history for each smart material based actuator over a time period so that the desired structural movements can be achieved with best approximation. In the theoretical formulation, dynamic equations of smart structures are presented by using the finite element method, and then the moving least square approximation is introduced for determining the optimum time dependent stimuli input combining a least square approximation method and a selected numerical integration scheme. The formulation indicates that this algorithm can be used to find the optimum time dependent stimuli input for best matching desired structural movement of a smart structure. The present novel approach is then demonstrated through numerical examples for tracking dynamic shapes of piezoelectric material based smart beams and plates as well as comparison with the experimental results for smart beams with piezoelectric actuators. It is shown that the proposed moving least square approximation approach is capable of efficiently simulating dynamic shape control for smart structures.

Luong, VD, Tran, NN & Tuan, HD 1970, 'Optimal training sequence design for MIMO-OFDM in spatially correlated fading', 2008 2nd International Conference on Signal Processing and Communication Systems, 2008 2nd International Conference on Signal Processing and Communication Systems (ICSPCS 2008), IEEE, Gold Coast, Australia, pp. 1-6.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

Channel estimation and training sequence design for spatially correlated fading in Multiple Input Multiple Output with Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (MIMO-OFDM) systems are still open research topics of great interest. In this paper, we inve

Ma, J & Guangquan Zhang. 1970, 'Team Situation Awareness measurement using group aggregation and implication operators', 2008 3rd International Conference on Intelligent System and Knowledge Engineering, 2008 3rd International Conference on Intelligent System and Knowledge Engineering (ISKE 2008), IEEE, Xianeb, pp. 625-630.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

Situation Awareness (SA) has been received much attention from human factors and ergonomics community during the past two decades. Team working plays a vital role in complex dynamic situations, increasing requirements for sharing perceptions and comprehension of a situation among team members and improving team situation awareness have been merged. This paper presents a team SA measurement (TSAM) method taking both qualitative and quantitative information into consideration. The TSAM method uses a hierarchy to depict team's shared mental model, applies linguistic terms to represent individual SA and adopts a group aggregation strategy to integrate individual SA through indicator-specified implication operators. Example has shown its effective. © 2008 IEEE.

Madhisetty, S, Busch, P & Feuerlicht, G 1970, 'Utility Computing Framework and its Impact on the Medical Industry', Con-IRM 2008 (IRMA), International Conference on Information Resources Management, IDEA Group Publishing, Ontario, Canada, pp. 1-7.

Madhisetty, S, Busch, P, Feuerlicht, G & Flax, L 1970, 'Utility computing and its influence on the IT-industry', International Conference on Enterprise Information Systems and Web Technologies 2008, EISWT 2008, International Conference On Enterprise Systems and Web Technologies, ISRST, Orlando, USA, pp. 134-140.
View description>>

Though much service-oriented architecture have failed before to deliver on their promises of remote delivery of IT services, the ubiquitous nature of computing which is now present is the motivating factor for computing to be seen in a 'Utility model'. Utility Computing (UC) is an on demand delivery of enterprise applications and business process in a shared, secured and scalable standards based environment over the Internet. The impact of this new technology will be seen in many areas. Utility applications built on multi-tenant architecture where many users can access their applications concurrently is a cost effective means for providing service oriented computing to the end user. This paper studies the adoption of such technology in the IT industry. This paper studies the inhibiting factors for the successful adoption of Utility Computing model in the IT-Industry.

Mahlia, TMI, Husnawan, M, Masjuki, HH, Chow, KV, Low, TS & Liaw, AWJ 1970, 'Energy Analysis of Cooling Pump in Internal Combustion Engine', Volume 8: Energy Systems: Analysis, Thermodynamics and Sustainability; Sustainable Products and Processes, ASME 2008 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition, ASMEDC, Boston, MA, pp. 249-253.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

This study is conducted to analyze the energy use by cooling pump in internal combustion engine (ICE). The main focus of the experiment is to analyze the radiator heat transfer and the cooling pump power. The heat transfer rate of radiator is determined by conducting an experiment on an ICE. Thermocouples and an anemometer are used for temperature and air velocity measurement respectively. The cooling pump power is determined through dynamometer test. These experiments are conducted only for engine speed range of 1000rpm to 1500rpm to avoid overheating when belt is dismantled. The engine running at 1000rpm to 1500rpm produces about 1.2kW to 2.5kW power and rejects heat at rate of 0.20kW to 0.3kW, representing 13.0% to 19.1% of the total energy lost. The cooling pump power is approximately 0.13–0.19kW which is approximately 7.6% of the engine power output.

Mahlia, TMI, Husnawan, M, Masjuki, HH, Remuslara, L & Saidur, R 1970, 'Energy Savings Potential by Substituting Driving With Walking and Cycling for Short Distance', Volume 7: Emerging Technologies; Recent Advances in Engineering, ASME 2008 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition, ASMEDC, Boston, MA, pp. 3-7.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

Vehicles energy consumption produces several emissions such as carbon dioxide (CO2), nitrogen oxide (NOx) and noise. This paper attempts to evaluate potential reduction in oil consumption and CO2 emissions if the obese and overweight conditions were eliminated from the adult population through the use of walking or cycling for transportation, and if individuals between the ages of 10 and 64 adopted recommended levels of daily exercise by walking or cycling instead of driving. Substantial co-benefits accompany widespread adoption of physical activity. The results found that the reductions in emissions from substituting driving with walking and cycling are significant enough to show a possible improvement of air quality. The highest reduction of CO2 emissions comes from the substitution of driving with exercising by cycling for 7 hours a week, which amounts to 2.38 Tg (Teragram) of reduction.

Marjanovic, O 1970, 'Extending the boundaries of business process management: from operational to creative business processes.', ITI, 30th International Conference on Information Technology Interfaces, IEEE, Cavtat, CROATIA, pp. 215-220.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Marjanovic, O 1970, 'Minitrack Introduction', Proceedings of the 41st Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (HICSS 2008), 2008 41st Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences, IEEE, pp. 371-371.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Marjanovic, O 1970, 'Sharing innovative teaching practices - the knowledge management approach.', ITI, 30th International Conference on Information Technology Interfaces, IEEE, Cavtat, CROATIA, pp. 539-544.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Marjanovic, O 1970, 'Synergetic learning communities: Towards a new model of university/industry learning partnership', 21st Bled Econference Ecollaboration Overcoming Boundaries Through Multi Channel Interaction Proceedings, 21st Bled eConference on eCollaboration - Overcoming Boundaries through Multi-Chanel Interaction, UNIV MARIBOR, Bled, SLOVENIA, pp. 405-415.
View description>>

This paper critically analyses the main challenges related to teaching and learning in emerging business disciplines. It focuses on the field of Business Intelligence (BI), as a prime example of dynamic, industry-driven discipline where the content as well as methods and frameworks for professional practice are still emerging and co-evolving with teaching practices. However, the work presented goes beyond BI and is equally relevant for any other emerging teaching and professional field of Business Information Systems (BIS). The paper argues that order to address the identified challenges, we need to move away from the traditional transmission model of teaching and adopt a new educational model based on the concept of synergetic learning communities designed to cross university industry / boundaries. To support the argument, the paper uses a case study of an active world-wide, synergetic BI learning community called Teradata University Network (TUN). Most importantly, the paper offers a reflective analysis of the changing role of university teacher that could be directly attributed to the new educational model. The reported findings are the result of an ongoing participatory action research project in this area.

Marjanovic, O 1970, 'Synergetic Learning Communities: Towards a New Model of University/Industry Learning Partnership.', Bled eConference, pp. 16-16.

Marjanovic, O & Seethamraju, R 1970, 'Understanding Knowledge-Intensive, Practice-Oriented Business Processes.', HICSS, IEEE Computer Society, pp. 373-373.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

In order to create new opportunities for competitive differentiation, organisations are starting to shift their focus from transactional operational Business Processes (BPs) to other types of processes that cannot be easily replicated. Their key ingredients are human knowledge, experience and creativity that cannot be standardised, prescribed and easily acquired. While Business Process Management (BPM) research and practice will remain focused on highly structured operational BPs for quite some time, there is a need to better understand other types of BPs, especially their knowledge aspect. This is expected to lead to new knowledge management strategies and processes designed to better leverage human capital to ensure continuous improvement of business processes. This paper focuses on knowledge-intensive, practice-oriented BPs. It describes an exploratory case study of a complex practice-oriented BP in a large, multi-unit organization and illustrates how our research findings expand current BPM boundaries, especially in the area of BP improvement methodologies. © 2008 IEEE.

Martin, JS, Pontt, J, Bello, F & Aguilera, R 1970, 'Interharmonics Power Losses Estimation in Power Transformer fed High Power Cycloconverter Drive', 2008 IEEE INDUSTRY APPLICATIONS SOCIETY ANNUAL MEETING, VOLS 1-5, IEEE Industry-Applications-Society Annual Meeting, IEEE, Alberta, CANADA, pp. 2004-2008.

Masood-ul-Hasan, Yichuang Sun, Xi Zhu & Moritz, J 1970, 'Oscillation-based DFT for second-order OTA-C filters', 2008 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS), 2008 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS), IEEE, pp. 720-723.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

We propose an easily implemented and low-cost design-for-testability scheme for OTA-C filters based on an oscillation-based test (OBT) methodology. The OBT method is a vectorless output test strategy easily applicable to built-in self-test. During test mode, the filter under test is converted into an oscillator by establishing the oscillation condition in its transfer function. The oscillator frequency can be measured using digital circuitry and deviations from the cut-off frequency indicate faulty behaviour of the filter. The proposed method is suitable for both catastrophic and parametric fault diagnosis and is effective in detecting single and multiple faults. The validity of the proposed method has been verified using comparison between faulty and fault-free simulation results of two-integrator loop, Tow-Thomas and KHN OTA-C filters. Simulation results for 2nd order filters using a 0.25μm CMOS technology show that the proposed oscillation-based test strategy has more than 96% fault coverage and, with a minimum number of extra components, requires a negligible area overhead. ©2008 IEEE.

Mathieson, L & Szeider, S 1970, 'Parameterized Graph Editing with Chosen Vertex Degrees', COMBINATORIAL OPTIMIZATION AND APPLICATIONS, PROCEEDINGS, 2nd International Conference on Combinatorial Optimization and Applications, Springer Berlin Heidelberg, St Johns, CANADA, pp. 13-22.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Mathieson, L & Szeider, S 1970, 'The parameterized complexity of regular subgraph problems and generalizations', Conferences in Research and Practice in Information Technology Series.
View description>>

We study variants and generalizations of the problem of finding an r-regular subgraph (where r ≥ 3) in a given graph by deleting at most k vertices. Moser and Thilikos (2006) have shown that the problem is fixed-parameter tractable (FPT) if parameterized by (k, r). They asked whether the problem remains fixed-parameter tractable if parameterized by k alone. We answer this question negatively: we show that if parameterized by k alone the problem is W[1]-hard and therefore very unlikely fixed-parameter tractable. We also give W[1]-hardness results for variants of the problem where the parameter is the number of vertex and edge deletions allowed, and for a new generalized form of the problem where the obtained subgraph is not necessarily regular but its vertices have certain prescribed degrees. Following this we demonstrate fixed-parameter tractability for the considered problems if the parameter includes the regularity r or an upper bound on the prescribed degrees in the generalized form of the problem. These FPT results are obtained via kernelization, so also provide a practical approach to the problems presented. © 2008, Australian Computer Society, Inc.

Maxwell, C, Leaney, J & O'Neill, T 1970, 'Utilising Abstract Matching to Preserve the Nature of Heuristics in Design Optimisation', 15th Annual IEEE International Conference and Workshop on the Engineering of Computer Based Systems (ecbs 2008), 2008 15th Annual IEEE International Conference on Engineering of Computer Based Systems (ECBS), IEEE, Belfast, NORTH IRELAND, pp. 287-296.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

McCarthy, TJ, Sheikh, MN & Gardner, A 1970, 'Encapsulating sustainability principles for structural design of buildings', PLEA 2008 Towards Zero Energy Building 25th PLEA International Conference on Passive and Low Energy Architecture Conference Proceedings.
View description>>

Adaptive re-use of buildings is seen by many as a key mechanism for developing a sustainable urban environment. How many buildings are actually designed with adaptive re-use as one of the requirements? This paper is concerned with how new building designs can take into account the future need for renovation, revamp and retrofit. At the outset of a building project, one cannot know for sure what modifications will be needed in the future. However, there are considerations that can be incorporated into the initial design and construction that will facilitate future renovations. Likewise there are practices that are undertaken now that will make renovations more difficult in the future. This preparation for the future re-use of buildings is an area of sustainability that has not received much attention. Examples of buildings that were originally designed with future modifications incorporated illustrate that long term thinking can lead to long term gain. There are also barriers to the long view. Economic drivers favour short term gain. The costs are levied up-front but the return on investment is many years later. The paper finishes with two case studies that demonstrate a long term sustainable approach.

McCarthy, TJ, Sheikh, MN & Gardner, A 1970, 'Encapsulating sustainability principles for structural design of buildings', PLEA 2008 - Towards Zero Energy Building: 25th PLEA International Conference on Passive and Low Energy Architecture, Conference Proceedings, Passive and Low Energy Architecture Annual International Conference, University College, Dublin, Dublin, Ireland, pp. 1-5.
View description>>

Adaptive re-use of buildings is seen by many as a key mechanism for developing a sustainable urban environment. How many buildings are actually designed with adaptive re-use as one of the requirements? This paper is concerned with how new building designs can take into account the future need for renovation, revamp and retrofit. At the outset of a building project, one cannot know for sure what modifications will be needed in the future. However, there are considerations that can be incorporated into the initial design and construction that will facilitate future renovations. Likewise there are practices that are undertaken now that will make renovations more difficult in the future. This preparation for the future re-use of buildings is an area of sustainability that has not received much attention. Examples of buildings that were originally designed with future modifications incorporated illustrate that long term thinking can lead to long term gain. There are also barriers to the long view. Economic drivers favour short term gain. The costs are levied up-front but the return on investment is many years later. The paper finishes with two case studies that demonstrate a long term sustainable approach.

McGloin, D 1970, 'Studying Aerosols Using Optical Traps', Frontiers in Optics 2008/Laser Science XXIV/Plasmonics and Metamaterials/Optical Fabrication and Testing, Frontiers in Optics, OSA, pp. FML3-FML3.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

McGloin, D 1970, 'Studying aerosols using optical traps', Optics InfoBase Conference Papers.
View description>>

In order to use optical tweezers for studies of airborne particles we must understand the underlying physics. We explore the interaction of aerosols with an optical potential, examining the Brownian and optical forces. © 2008 Optical Society of America.

McGregor, C & Eklund, JM 1970, 'Real-Time Service-Oriented Architectures to Support Remote Critical Care: Trends and Challenges', 2008 32nd Annual IEEE International Computer Software and Applications Conference, 2008 32nd Annual IEEE International Computer Software and Applications Conference, IEEE, pp. 1199-1204.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

Healthcare providers and governments are under pressure to maintain and improve the quality of care to an increasing volume of critical care patients at either end of the life cycle, namely premature and ill-term babies together with the elderly. The provision of a service of critical care utilizing real-time service-oriented architectures has the potential to enable clinicians to be supported in the care of a greater number patients that are, perhaps more importantly, located elsewhere to their intensive care units. This paper presents a review of recent research in the application of computing and IT to support the service of critical care and determines the trends and challenges for the application of real-time service-oriented architectures within the domain. © 2008 IEEE.

McGregor, C & Frize, M 1970, 'Women in Biomedical Engineering and Health Informatics', 2008 30th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, 2008 30th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, IEEE, Vancouver, CANADA, pp. 5933-5934.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

McGregor, C, Smith, KP & Percival, J 1970, 'Women in biomedical engineering and health informatics and its impact on gender representation for accepted publications at IEEE EMBC 2007', 2008 30th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, 2008 30th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, IEEE, Vancouver, CANADA, pp. 2881-2884.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

McKibbin, JL, Willetts, JR, Hagare, P & White, K 1970, 'Valuing sustainable sanitation: the economic assessment of alternative sanitation programs', 8th IWA Specialized Conference on Small Water and Wastewater Systems (SWWS) and 2nd IWA Specialized Conference on Decentralised Water and Wastewater International Network (DEWSIN), IWA, Coimbatore, India, pp. 1-4.

Medelyan, O & Milne, D 1970, 'Augmenting domain-specific thesau with knowledge from wikipedia', New Zealand Computer Science Research Student Conference, NZCSRSC 2008 - Proceedings, pp. 108-114.
View description>>

We propose a new method for extending a domain-specific thesaurus with valuable information from Wikipedia. The main obstacle is to disambiguate thesaurus concepts to correct Wikipedia articles. Given the concept name, we first identify candidate mappings by analyzing article titles, their redirects and disambiguation pages. Then, for each candidate, we compute a link-based similarity score to all mappings of context terms related to this concept. The article with the highest score is then used to augment the thesaurus concept. It is the source for the extended gloss, explaining the concept's meaning, synonymous expressions that can be used as additional non-descriptors in the thesaurus, translations of the concept into other languages, and new domain-relevant concepts. Copyright is held by the author/owner(s).

Medelyan, O, Witten, IH & Milne, D 1970, 'Topic indexing with wikipedia', Aaai Workshop Technical Report, pp. 19-24.
View description>>

Wikipedia can be utilized as a controlled vocabulary for identifying the main topics in a document, with article titles serving as index terms and redirect titles as their synonyms. Wikipedia contains over 4M such titles covering the terminology of nearly any document collection. This permits controlled indexing in the absence of manually created vocabularies. We combine state-of-the-art strategies for automatic controlled indexing with Wikipedia's unique property-a richly hyperlinked encyclopedia. We evaluate the scheme by comparing automatically assigned topics with those chosen manually by human indexers. Analysis of indexing consistency shows that our algorithm performs as well as the average person.

Mehboob, Z, Zowghi, D & Lowe, D 1970, 'Supporting integrated dependency model for change impact analysis in web systems', Ausweb 2008 14th Australasian World Wide Web Conference, Australian World Wide Web Conference, Southern Cross University, Ballina, Australia, pp. 173-178.
View description>>

Change Impact Analysis (CIA) is typically used to identify the consequences of making a software change by utilizing the dependency and traceability information with regard to that change. Previous research highlights that CIA techniques are developed by both an understanding of interdependencies (between system components) as well as interaction of architectural modules. Given that Web systems (WS) are usually developed as a multi-tier and components based system, it is postulated that their multi-tier interaction and components interdependencies require different CIA methods. In this paper we propose extending current CIA techniques with the concept of an integrated dependency model to accommodate multi-tier and interoperability dependencies in WS. © 2008. Zafar Mehboob, Didar Zowghi and David Lowe.

MERIGÓ, JM & CASANOVAS, M 1970, 'DECISION MAKING WITH DEMPSTER-SHAFER BELIEF STRUCTURE USING THE 2-TUPLE LINGUISTIC REPRESENTATION MODEL', Computational Intelligence in Decision and Control, Proceedings of the 8th International FLINS Conference, WORLD SCIENTIFIC, Madrid, SPAIN, pp. 325-330.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

MERIGÓ, JM & CASANOVAS, M 1970, 'DECISION MAKING WITH DISTANCE MEASURES AND INDUCED AGGREGATION OPERATORS', Computational Intelligence in Decision and Control, Proceedings of the 8th International FLINS Conference, WORLD SCIENTIFIC, Madrid, SPAIN, pp. 483-488.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Merigó, JM & Casanovas, M 1970, 'Fuzzy induced aggregation operators in decision making with Dempster-Shafer belief structure', ICEIS 2008 - Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Enterprise Information Systems, 10th International Conference on Enterprise Information Systems, INSTICC-INST SYST TECHNOLOGIES INFORMATION CONTROL & COMMUNICATION, Barcelona, SPAIN, pp. 548-552.
View description>>

We develop a new approach for decision making with Dempster-Shafer theory of evidence when the available information is uncertain and it can be assessed with fuzzy numbers. With this approach, we are able to represent the problem without losing relevant information, so the decision maker knows exactly which are the different alternatives and their consequences. For doing so, we suggest the use of different types of fuzzy induced aggregation operators in the problem. As a result, we get new types of fuzzy induced aggregation operators such as the belief structure - fuzzy induced ordered weighted averaging (BS-FIOWA) operator. We also develop an application of the new approach in a financial decision making problem.

Merigó, JM & Casanovas, M 1970, 'The generalized hybrid averaging operator and its application in financial decision making', ICEIS 2008 - Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Enterprise Information Systems, 10th International Conference on Enterprise Information Systems, INSTICC-INST SYST TECHNOLOGIES INFORMATION CONTROL & COMMUNICATION, Barcelona, SPAIN, pp. 467-471.
View description>>

We present the generalized hybrid averaging (GHA) operator. It is a new aggregation operator that generalizes the hybrid averaging (HA) operator by using the generalized mean. Then, we are able to generalize a wide range of mean operators such as the HA, the hybrid quadratic averaging (HQA), etc. The HA is an aggregation operator that includes the ordered weighted averaging (OWA) operator and the weighted average (WA). Then, with the GHA, we are able to get all the particular cases obtained by using generalized means in the OWA and in the WA such as the weighted geometric mean, the ordered weighted geometric (OWG) operator, the weighted quadratic mean (WQM), etc. We further generalize the GHA by using quasi-arithmetic means. Then, we obtain the quasi-arithmetic hybrid averaging (Quasi-HA) operator. Finally, we apply the new approach in a financial decision making problem.

MERIGÓ, JM & GIL-LAFUENTE, AM 1970, 'THE INDUCED LINGUISTIC GENERALIZED OWA OPERATOR', Computational Intelligence in Decision and Control, Proceedings of the 8th International FLINS Conference, WORLD SCIENTIFIC, Madrid, SPAIN, pp. 513-518.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Merigó, JM & Gil-Lafuente, AM 1970, 'The linguistic generalized OWA operator and its application in strategic decision making', ICEIS 2008 - Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Enterprise Information Systems, 10th International Conference on Enterprise Information Systems, INSTICC-INST SYST TECHNOLOGIES INFORMATION CONTROL & COMMUNICATION, Barcelona, SPAIN, pp. 219-224.
View description>>

We introduce the linguistic generalized ordered weighted averaging (LGOWA) operator. It is a new aggregation operator that uses linguistic information and generalized means in the OWA operator. It is very useful for uncertain situations where the available information can not be assessed with numerical values but it is possible to use linguistic assessments. This aggregation operator generalizes a wide range of aggregation operators that use linguistic information such as the linguistic generalized mean (LGM), the linguistic weighted generalized mean (LWGM), the linguistic OWA (LOWA) operator, the linguistic ordered weighted geometric (LOWG) operator and the linguistic ordered weighted quadratic averaging (LOWQA) operator. We also introduce a new type of Quasi-LOWA operator by using quasi-arithmetic means in the LOWA operator. Finally, we develop an application of the new approach. We analyze a decision making problem about selection of strategies.

Merigó, JM, Casanovas, M & Martínez, L 1970, 'A Decision Making Model Based on Dempster-Shafer Theory and Linguistic Hybrid Aggregation Operators', 2008 Eighth International Conference on Hybrid Intelligent Systems, 2008 8th International Conference on Hybrid Intelligent Systems (HIS), IEEE, pp. 180-185.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

The solving processes for decision making problems based on the use of the Dempster-Shafer (D-S) theory can be accomplished in different ways according to the necessities of each single problem. In this contribution we present a decision making scheme based on the D-S defined in a linguistic framework and then, we propose the use of an hybrid averaging operator (2-THA) that use the 2-tuple linguistic representation model. By using the 2-THA in D-S theory, we obtain a new aggregation operator: the belief structure - 2-THA (BS-2-THA) operator. We study some of its main properties and then show an illustrative example of the new approach in a decision making problem. © 2008 IEEE.

Milne, D & Witten, IH 1970, 'An effective, low-cost measure of semantic relatedness obtained from wikipedia links', Aaai Workshop Technical Report, pp. 25-30.
View description>>

This paper describes a new technique for obtaining measures of semantic relatedness. Like other recent approaches, it uses Wikipedia to provide structured world knowledge about the terms of interest. Our approach is unique in that it does so using the hyperlink structure of Wikipedia rather than its category hierarchy or textual content. Evaluation with manually defined measures of semantic relatedness reveals this to be an effective compromise between the ease of computation of the former approach and the accuracy of the latter. Copyright © 2008.

Milne, D & Witten, IH 1970, 'Learning to link with wikipedia', Proceedings of the 17th ACM conference on Information and knowledge management, CIKM08: Conference on Information and Knowledge Management, ACM, pp. 509-518.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

This paper describes how to automatically cross-reference documents with Wikipedia: the largest knowledge base ever known. It explains how machine learning can be used to identify significant terms within unstructured text, and enrich it with links to the appropriate Wikipedia articles. The resulting link detector and disambiguator performs very well, with recall and precision of almost 75%. This performance is constant whether the system is evaluated on Wikipedia articles or -real world- documents. This work has implications far beyond enriching documents with explanatory links. It can provide structured knowledge about any unstructured fragment of text. Any task that is currently addressed with bags of words-indexing, clustering, retrieval, and summarization to name a few-could use the techniques described here to draw on a vast network of concepts and semantics. © 2008 ACM.

Milne, D, Nichols, DM & Witten, IH 1970, 'A competitive environment for exploratory query expansion', Proceedings of the 8th ACM/IEEE-CS joint conference on Digital libraries, JCDL08: Joint Conference on Digital Libraries, ACM, pp. 197-200.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

Most information workers query digital libraries many times a day. Yet people have little opportunity to hone their skills in a controlled environment, or compare their performance with others in an objective way. Conversely, although search engine logs record how users evolve queries, they lack crucial information about the user's intent. This paper describes an environment for exploratory query expansion that pits users against each other and lets them compete, and practice, in their own time and on their own workstation. The system captures query evolution behavior on predetermined information-seeking tasks. It is publicly available, and the code is open source so that others can set up their own competitive environments. Copyright 2008 ACM.

Min Xu, Park, M, Suhuai Luo & Jin, JS 1970, 'Comparison analysis on supervised learning based solutions for sports video categorization', 2008 IEEE 10th Workshop on Multimedia Signal Processing, 2008 IEEE 10th Workshop on Multimedia Signal Processing (MMSP), IEEE, pp. 526-529.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

Due to the wide viewer-ship and high commercial potentials, recently, sports video analysis attracts extensive research efforts. One of the main tasks in sports video analysis is to identify sports genres i.e. sports video categorization. Most of the existing work focus on mapping content-based features to sports genres by using supervised learning methods. Moreover, video data sets seeks efficient data reduction methods due to the large size and noisy data. It lacks comparison analysis on the implementation and performance of these methods. In this paper, the research is carried out by using four dominant machine learning algorithms, namely Decision Tree, Support Vector Machine, K Nearest Neighbor and Naive Bayesian, and comparing their performance on a high dimensional feature set which selected by some feature selection tools such as Correlation-based Feature Selection (CFS), Principal Components Analysis (PCA) and Relief. Experimental results shows that Support Vector Machine (SVM) and k-NN are not sensitive to reduction of training sets. Moreover, three different feature reduction methods perform very differently with respect to four different tools. © 2008 IEEE.

Moemeng, P, Cao, L & Zhang, C 1970, 'F-TRADE 3.0: An Agent-Based Integrated Framework for Data Mining Experiments', 2008 IEEE/WIC/ACM International Conference on Web Intelligence and Intelligent Agent Technology, 2008 IEEE/WIC/ACM International Conference on Web Intelligence and Intelligent Agent Technology, IEEE, University of Technology, Sydney, Australia, pp. 612-615.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

Data mining researches focus on algorithms that mine valuable patterns from particular domain. Apart from the theoretical research, experiments take a vast amount of effort to build. In this paper, we propose an integrated framework that utilises a multi-agent system to support the researchers to rapidly develop experiments. Moreover, the proposed framework allows extension and integration for future researches in mutual aspects of agent and data mining. The paper describes the details of the framework and also presents a sample implementation.

Mohamed Mowjoon, D, Agbinya, JI & Chaczko, ZC 1970, 'Policy-based Danger Management in Artificial Immune System Inspired Secure Routing in Wireless Mesh Networks', Proceedings International MultiConference of Engineers and Computer Scientists, International MultiConference of Engineers and Computer Scientists, International Association of Engineers, Hong Kong, pp. 268-270.
View description>>

This paper introduces Policy based Management Information Base to manage danger in Artificial Immune System inspired secure routing in Wireless Mesh Networks. WMN management functions are defined and the paper focuses only on the security function. Proposed policy based management and typical operation of the architecture are also reported.

Mohammed Abdul, J, Areerachakul, N, Shon, H, Vigneswaran, S & Kandasamy, JK 1970, 'Biofilter and Photo-Catalytic Treatment Processes of Groundwater Contaminated with Landfill Leachate', Proceedings of the IWA World Water Congress and Exhibition 2008, IWA World Water Congress, International Water Association (IWA), Vienna, Austria, pp. 1-8.
View description>>

Landfill leachate is produced when rainwater infiltrates into the landfill and permeates through the decomposing waste within the landfill leaching out with it contaminants and pollutants. Untreated leachates can permeate ground water or mix with surface waters and contribute to the pollution of soil, ground water, and surface water. In this study, the processes such as GAC bio-filtration and photocatalysis and bio-filter were evaluated in treating synthetic landfill leachate. The Total organic carbon (TOC) removal efficiency (of landfill leachate) was evaluated by sequential adsorption/bio-sorption (on GAC) and compared with photocatalysis. GAC bio-filtration led to a consistent TOC removal even after a long period of operation without the need to regenerate the activated carbon. Even after 35 days of continuous running, the TOC of the effluent from the GAC bio-filter was approximately 60% of the influent quality (i.e. 40% removal). Biofiltration with a post treatment of advanced oxidation with Fenton reagent led to more 70% of removal of TOC. Also, the treatment of biofilter redcued significantly the concentration of Fenton reagent. On the other hand photocatalysis with TiO2 as a separate treatment led to only 40% TOC reduction.

Molina, B, Pileggi, SF, Palau, CE & Esteve, M 1970, 'A social framework for content distribution in mobile transient networks', Proceedings of the third international workshop on Use of P2P, grid and agents for the development of content networks, HPDC '08: International Symposium on High Performance Distributed Computing, ACM, pp. 29-36.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

Transient networks are spontaneous networks that appear for a short period of time in order to provide basic services such as connectivity and content distribution among a small community. Nowadays mobile devices are becoming multimode by nature providing multiple connection paths. This paper investigates the efficiency and benefit of a mobile transient network where multiple nodes collaborate offering a multihomed network with community services by means of intelligent agents. The paper also proposes the required architecture and negotiation protocols for such scenario with two different services: file downloading and multimedia streaming. Copyright 2008 ACM.

Mu, K, Jin, Z & Zowghi, D 1970, 'A Measurement-Driven Process Model For Managing Inconsistent Software Requirements', APSEC 2008:15TH ASIA-PACIFIC SOFTWARE ENGINEERING CONFERENCE, PROCEEDINGS, Asia-Pacific Software Engineering Conference, IEEE Explore, Beijing, China, pp. 291-298.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

nconsistency is a pervasive issue in software engineering. Both general rules of inconsistency management and special case-based approaches to handling inconsistency have recently been considered. In this paper, we present a process model for handling requirements inconsistency within the viewpoints framework. In this process model, when an inconsistency among viewpoints is detected, a set of candidate proposals for handling inconsistency will be generated using techniques from multi-agent automated negotiations. The proposals are then prioritized using an integrated measurement of inconsistencies. The viewpoints involved in the inconsistency will then enter the negotiations by being presented with the candidate proposals and thus selecting an acceptable proposal based on the priorities associated with each candidate proposal. To facilitate usability, in our process, we assume that the natural language requirements statements are first translated into corresponding logical formulas using a translator software. Moreover, the candidate proposals for handling inconsistency are also translated back from formal logic into natural language before being presented for selection.

Murray, S, Lowe, D, Lindsay, E, Lasky, V & Liu, D 1970, 'Experiences with a hybrid architecture for remote laboratories', 2008 38th Annual Frontiers in Education Conference, 2008 IEEE Frontiers in Education Conference (FIE), IEEE, Saratgoa Springs, USA, pp. 15-19.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

There is growing interest in the use of remote laboratories to access physical laboratory infrastructure. These laboratories can support additional practical components in courses, provide improved access at reduced cost, and encourage sharing of expensive resources. Effective design of remote laboratories requires attention to both the pedagogic design and the technical support, as well as how these elements interact. We discuss our experiences with a remote laboratory implementation based on a hybrid architecture. This architecture utilises a Web front-end allowing student access to an arbitration system, which permits students to select one of a number of experiments, before being allocated to a particular experimental station. The interaction with the equipment then occurs through a separate stand-alone application which runs on its own virtualized server which the user accesses via a remote desktop client. This hybrid architecture has many benefits, as well as some limitations. For example, it allows rich control and monitoring interfaces to be developed, but also requires students to understand a slightly more complex process for establishing the control. We discuss the reactions to this architecture by different cohorts of students as well as the extent to which the architecture facilitates evolution and expansion of the laboratories. © 2008 IEEE.

Murray, S, Lowe, D, Lindsay, E, Lasky, V, Liu, D & IEEE 1970, 'Experiences with a Hybrid Architecture for Remote Laboratories', FIE: 2008 IEEE FRONTIERS IN EDUCATION CONFERENCE, VOLS 1-3, IEEE Frontiers in Education Conference 2008, IEEE, Saratoga Springs, NY, pp. 502-506.

Nanda, P 1970, 'Supporting QoS Guarantees Using Traffic Engineering and Policy Based Routing', 2008 International Conference on Computer Science and Software Engineering, 2008 International Conference on Computer Science and Software Engineering, IEEE, Wuhan, Hubei, China, pp. 137-142.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

The problem of providing Quality of Service (QoS) in the Internet stems from the original choice of a datagram packet switching service model for the Internet Protocol (IP). Since, in principle, each packet can take any path to the destination, it is impossible to provide any absolute guarantees about service. This paper presents a scheme using traffic engineering techniques and implements policy based routing supported by Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) to achieve QoS parameters (loss, delay and jitter) values within the bound for high priority voice traffic in the Internet. Simulation using OPNET shows how such techniques can achieve the desired results. © 2008 IEEE.

Neshat, M, Yaghobi, M & Naghibi, M 1970, 'DESIGNING AN EXPERT SYSTEM OF LIVER DISORDERS BY USING NEURAL NETWORK AND COMPARING IT WITH PARAMETRIC AND NONPARAMETRIC SYSTEM', 2008 5TH INTERNATIONAL MULTI-CONFERENCE ON SYSTEMS, SIGNALS AND DEVICES, VOLS 1 AND 2, 5th International Multi-Conference on Systems, Signals and Devices, IEEE, Amman, JORDAN, pp. 35-+.

Neshat, M, Yaghobi, M & Naghibi, M 1970, 'Designing an expert system of liver disorders by using neural network and comparing it with parametric and nonparametric system', 2008 5th International Multi-Conference on Systems, Signals and Devices, 2008 5th International Multi-Conference on Systems, Signals and Devices (SSD), IEEE, pp. 1-6.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Neshat, M, Yaghobi, M, Naghibi, MB & Esmaelzadeh, A 1970, 'Fuzzy Expert System Design for Diagnosis of Liver Disorders', 2008 International Symposium on Knowledge Acquisition and Modeling, 2008 International Symposium on Knowledge Acquisition and Modeling (KAM), IEEE, pp. 252-256.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Neubert, P, Protzel, P, Vidal-Calleja, T & Lacroix, S 1970, 'A fast visual line segment tracker', 2008 IEEE International Conference on Emerging Technologies and Factory Automation, Factory Automation (ETFA 2008), IEEE, Hamburg, GERMANY, pp. 353-360.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

We present a fast line segment tracker which does not require any knowledge about the motion of the camera nor he structure of the observed scene. It runs on 320 x 240 pixel images at 30 Hz. We adapted the RAPiD tracker with a new way of handling multipl

Nguyen, DHN, Nguyen, HH & Tuan, HD 1970, 'Distributed unitary space-time modulation in partially coherent and noncoherent relay networks', 2008 2nd International Conference on Signal Processing and Communication Systems, 2008 2nd International Conference on Signal Processing and Communication Systems (ICSPCS 2008), IEEE, Gold Coast, AUSTRALIA, pp. 1-7.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Nguyen, DHN, Nguyen, HH & Tuan, HD 1970, 'High-rate space-time block coding schemes', 2008 Second International Conference on Communications and Electronics, 2008 Second International Conference on Communications and Electronics (ICCE), IEEE, pp. 176-179.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

A rate-6/4 full-diversity orthogonal space-time block code (STBC) is constructed for QPSK and 2 transmit antennas by applying constellation scaling and rotation to the set of quaternions used in Alamouti code. Also given is a rate-9/8 full-diversity quasi-orthogonal space-time block code (QOSTBC) for 4 transmit antennas. Lastly, a rate-10/8 code is presented for 4 transmit antennas. Simulation results indicate that these high-rate codes achieve better throughputs in the high signal-to-noise ratio region. ©2008 IEEE.

Nguyen, DHN, Nguyen, HH & Tuan, HD 1970, 'High-rate space-time block coding schemes', 2008 SECOND INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON COMMUNICATIONS AND ELECTRONICS, 2nd International Conference on Communications and Electronics, IEEE, VIETNAM, Hoi An, pp. 174-+.

Nguyen, HT, Ghevondian, N & Jones, TW 1970, 'Comparison of two Overnight Studies (Glucose Clamp and Natural Occurence) in Children with Type 1 Diabetes for the Detection of Nocturnal Hypoglycemia', The American Diabetes Association's 68th Scientific Sessions, The American Diabetes Association's 68th Scientific Sessions, American Diabetes Association, San Francisco, USA, pp. 400-400.
View description>>

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical effectiveness of a new non-invasive and continuous hypoglycemia monitoring device (HypoMon from AIMedics Pty Ltd) for real-time detection of nocturnal hypoglycemia in patients with Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). HypoMon consists of a chest belt transmitter that houses a set of four skin-surface bio-sensor electrodes for the measurement of physiological parameters, and a wireless hand -held computer unit.

Nguyen, HT, Ghevondian, N & Jones, TW 1970, 'Detection of nocturnal hypoglycemic episodes (natural occurrence) in children with Type 1 diabetes using an optimal Bayesian neural network algorithm', 2008 30th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, 2008 30th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, IEEE, Vancouver, Canada, pp. 1311-1314.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

Hypoglycemia or low blood glucose is dangerous and can result in unconsciousness, seizures and even death. It is a common and serious side effect of insulin therapy in patients with diabetes. HypoMon is a non-invasive monitor that measures some physiological parameters continuously to provide detection of hypoglycemic episodes in Type 1 diabetes mellitus patients (T1DM). Based on heart rate and corrected QT interval of the ECG signal, we have continued to develop Bayesian neural network detection algorithms to recognize the presence of hypoglycemic episodes. From a clinical study of 16 children with T1DM, natural occurrence of nocturnal hypoglycemic episodes are associated with increased heart rates (1.033+/-0.242 vs. 1.082+/-0.298, P0.06) and increased corrected QT intervals (1.031+/-0.086 vs. 1.060+/-0.084, P0.001). The overall data were organized into a training set (8 patients) and a test set (another 8 patients) randomly selected. Using the optimal Bayesian neural network with 10 hidden nodes which was derived from the training set with the highest log evidence, the sensitivity (true positive) value for detection of hypoglycemia in the test set is 89.2%.

Nguyen, HT, Ghevondian, N & Jones, TW 1970, 'Detection of nocturnal hypoglycemic episodes (natural occurrence) in children with Type 1 diabetes using an optimal Bayesian neural network algorithm', Proceedings of the 30th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, EMBS'08 - 'Personalized Healthcare through Technology', pp. 1311-1314.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

Hypoglycemia or low blood glucose is dangerous and can result in unconsciousness, seizures and even death. It is a common and serious side effect of insulin therapy in patients with diabetes. HypoMon is a non-invasive monitor that measures some physiological parameters continuously to provide detection of hypoglycemic episodes in Type 1 diabetes mellitus patients (T1DM). Based on heart rate and corrected QT interval of the ECG signal, we have continued to develop Bayesian neural network detection algorithms to recognize the presence of hypoglycemic episodes. From a clinical study of 16 children with T1DM, natural occurrence of nocturnal hypoglycemic episodes are associated with increased heart rates (1.033±0.242 vs. 1.082±0.298, P≤0.06) and increased corrected QT intervals (1.031±0.086 vs. 1.060±0.084, P≤0.001). The overall data were organized into a training set (8 patients) and a test set (another 8 patients) randomly selected. Using the optimal Bayesian neural network with 10 hidden nodes which was derived from the training set with the highest log evidence, the sensitivity (true positive) value for detection of hypoglycemia in the test set is 89.2%. © 2008 IEEE.

Nguyen, HT, Ghevondian, N & Jones, TW 1970, 'Neural-network Detection of Nocturnal Hypoglycemia (Natural Occurence) in Children with Type 1 Diabetes', The American Diabetes Associateion's 68th Scientific Sessions, The American Diabetes Associateion's 68th Scientific Sessions, Marathon Multimedia, San Francisco, USA, pp. 408-408.

Nguyen, HT, Ghevondian, N & Jones, TW 1970, 'Real-time Detection of Nocturnal Hypoglycaemia using a Non-invasive Continuous Hypoglycaemia Monitor', Australian Diabetes Society & Australian Diabetes Educator Association Annual Scientific Meeting, Australian Diabetes Society & Australian Diabetes Educator Association Annual Scientific Meeting, Servier, Melbourne, pp. 125-125.

Nguyen, MT, Dalvand, H, Yu, Y-H & Ha, QP 1970, 'Seismic responses of civil structures under magnetorheological-device direct control', 25TH INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON AUTOMATION AND ROBOTICS IN CONSTRUCTION - ISARC-2008, International Symposium on Automation and Robotics in Construction, Vilnius Gediminas Technical University, Vilnius Lithuania, pp. 106-112.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

This paper presents an efficient control strategy for magnetorheological (MR) dampers embedded in building structures to mitigate quake-induced vibrations. In this work, MR dampers are used as semi-active devices, taking the advantages of the fail-safe operation and low power requirement. By using a static hysteresis model for the MR damper, a suitable controller is proposed here for direct control of the supply currents of the MR dampers using feedback linearization. The dampers are configured in a differential mode to counteract the force-offset problem from the use of a single damper. The effectiveness of the proposed technique is verified in simulation by using a ten-storey building model subject to quake-like excitations.

Nguyen, MT, Dalvand, H, Yu, Y-H & Ha, QP 1970, 'Seismic Responses of Civil Structures under Magnetorheological-Device Direct Control', Proceedings of the International Symposium on Automation and Robotics in Construction (IAARC), 25th International Symposium on Automation and Robotics in Construction, International Association for Automation and Robotics in Construction (IAARC).
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Nguyen, N, Nguyen, HT & Su, S 1970, 'Neuro-sliding mode multivariable control of a powered wheelchair', 2008 30th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, 2008 30th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, IEEE, Vancouver, Canada, pp. 3471-3474.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

This paper proposes a neuro-sliding mode multivariable control approach for the control of a powered wheelchair system. In the first stage, a systematic decoupling technique is applied to the wheelchair system in order to reduce the multivariable control problem into two independent scalar control problems. Then two Neuro-Sliding Mode Controllers (NSMCs) are designed for these independent subsystems to guarantee system robustness under model uncertainties and unknown external disturbances. Both off-line and on-line trainings are involved in the second stage. Real-time experimental results confirm that robust performance for this multivariable wheelchair control system under model uncertainties and unknown external disturbances can indeed be achieved.

Nguyen, N, Nguyen, HT & Su, S 1970, 'Optimal path-following control of a smart powered wheelchair', 2008 30th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, 2008 30th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, IEEE, Vancouver, Canada, pp. 5025-5028.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

This paper proposes an optimal path-following control approach for a smart powered wheelchair. Lyapunov's second method is employed to find a stable position tracking control rule. To guarantee robust performance of this wheelchair system even under model uncertainties, an advanced robust tracking is utilised based on the combination of a systematic decoupling technique and a neural network design. A calibration procedure is adopted for the wheelchair system to improve positioning accuracy. After the calibration, the accuracy is improved significantly. Two real-time experimental results obtained from square tracking and door passing tasks confirm the performance of proposed approach.

Nguyen, ND, Center, JR, Eisman, JA & Nguyen, TV 1970, 'Reduced Serum Osteocalcin and Sex Hormone Binding Globulin in Men with Type II Diabetes.', JOURNAL OF BONE AND MINERAL RESEARCH, 30th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-for-Bone-and-Mineral-Research, AMER SOC BONE & MINERAL RES, Montreal, CANADA, pp. S360-S360.

Nguyen, ND, Frost, SA, Center, JR, Eisman, JA & Nguyen, TV 1970, 'Development a Nomogram for Individualizing the Absolute Risk and Time to Recurrent Fracture', JOURNAL OF BONE AND MINERAL RESEARCH, 30th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-for-Bone-and-Mineral-Research, AMER SOC BONE & MINERAL RES, Montreal, CANADA, pp. S116-S116.

Nguyen, TH, Nguyen, JS & Nguyen, HT 1970, 'Bayesian recursive algorithm for width estimation of freespace for a power wheelchair using stereoscopic cameras', Proceedings of the 30th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, EMBS'08 - 'Personalized Healthcare through Technology', pp. 4234-4237.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

This paper is concerned with the estimation of freespace based on a Bayesian recursive (BR) algorithm for an autonomous wheelchair using stereoscopic cameras by severely disabled people. A stereo disparity map processed from both the left and right camera images is constructed to generate a 3D point map through a geometric projection algorithm. This is then converted to a 2D distance map for the purpose of freespace estimation. The width of freespace is estimated using a BR algorithm based on uncertainty information and control data. Given the probabilities of this width computed, a possible movement decision is then made for the mobile wheelchair. Experimental results obtained in an indoor environment show the effectiveness of this estimation algorithm. © 2008 IEEE.

Nguyen, TH, Nguyen, JS & Nguyen, HT 1970, 'Bayesian recursive algorithm for width estimation of freespace for a power wheelchair using stereoscopic cameras', 2008 30th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, 2008 30th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, IEEE, Vancouver, Canada, pp. 4234-4237.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

This paper is concerned with the estimation of freespace based on a Bayesian recursive (BR) algorithm for an autonomous wheelchair using stereoscopic cameras by severely disabled people. A stereo disparity map processed from both the left and right camera images is constructed to generate a 3D point map through a geometric projection algorithm. This is then converted to a 2D distance map for the purpose of freespace estimation. The width of freespace is estimated using a BR algorithm based on uncertainty information and control data. Given the probabilities of this width computed, a possible movement decision is then made for the mobile wheelchair. Experimental results obtained in an indoor environment show the effectiveness of this estimation algorithm.

Nguyen, TT & Tuan, HD 1970, 'A modified spatial spread spectrum method for digital image watermarking', 2008 Second International Conference on Communications and Electronics, 2008 Second International Conference on Communications and Electronics (ICCE), IEEE, Hoi An, Vietnam, pp. 282-287.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

Spread spectrum is one of the most effective approaches for digital image watermarking because it satisfies the imperceptiveness, robustness as well as security requirements. Unfortunately, this method may be affected by interference from the cover image

Nguyen, TT & Tuan, HD 1970, 'A modified spatial spread spectrum method for digital image watermarking', HUT-ICCE 2008 - 2nd International Conference on Communications and Electronics, pp. 282-287.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

Spread spectrum is one of the most effective approaches for digital image watermarking because it satisfies the imperceptiveness, robustness as well as security requirements. Unfortunately, this method may be affected by interference from the cover image and completely fails in the case of having no watermark in the tested image. In addition, some proposed improvements to eliminate this interference are invalid for spatial image watermarking which obtains a low cost and is easy to adapt to real-time applications. This paper proposes a modified spatial spread spectrum method to overcome these disadvantages. By removing the mean value in the tested image, the proposed method reduces the interference and achieves a better error probability. Moreover, by using a flexible threshold in the detector, our method can work successfully even if the tested image is pure. We not only analyze and derive the closed-form expressions for the optimal threshold and the error probability, but also investigate various images and some common image attacks including noise, compression and filtering. ©2008 IEEE.

Nguyen, TV, Nguyen, ND, Meler, C, Eisman, JA & Seibel, MJ 1970, 'Post-Fracture Mortality in Men: Contributions of Sex Hormones and Bone Mineral Density as Risk Factors', JOURNAL OF BONE AND MINERAL RESEARCH, 30th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-for-Bone-and-Mineral-Research, AMER SOC BONE & MINERAL RES, Montreal, CANADA, pp. S78-S78.

Nguyen, V, Tuan, HD, Nguyen, HH & Tran, NN 1970, 'Optimal superimposed training design for spatially correlated fading MIMO channels', IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONS, IEEE International Workshop on Computational Advances in Multi-Sensor Adaptive Processing, IEEE, St Thomas, VI, pp. 3206-3217.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

The problem of channel estimation for spatially correlated fading multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems is considered. Based on the channel's second order statistic, the minimum mean-square error (MMSE) channel estimator that works with the super

Nguyen, V, Vigneswaran, S & Ngo, H 1970, 'A Novel Iron Oxide Coated Sponge Adsorption System To Remove Arsenic From Drinking Water', Proceedings of the World Water Congress and Exhibition 2008, IWA World Water Congress, International Water Association (IWA), Vienna, Austrlia, pp. 1-8.
View description>>

Millions of people worldwide are at risk from the presence of arsenic in groundwater. There is a global need to develop appropriate technologies to remove arsenic from water for household and community water supply systems. In this study, a new material namely iron oxide coated sponge (IOCSp) was developed and used to remove As. It was found that IOCSp has a high capacity in removing both As (V) and As (III). The adsorption capacity of IOCSp was up to 4.6 mg As/g IOCSp, higher than a number of other materials. A filter packed even with very small amount of 25 g IOCSp maintained a consistent arsenic removal efficiency of 95% from synthetic water containing arsenic concentration of as high as 1,000μg/L. This produced a throughput volume of 153 and 178L of water containing As(III) and As(V) respectively before any need for regeneration or disposal of IOCSp. It was found to provide comparable results with advanced technologies such as nanofiltration system with in line addition of nano zero valent iron. In addition, the initial results also showed that the exhausted IOCSp can safely be disposed of through the solidification/stabilization technique.

Ni, W, Zou, W & Wang, H 1970, 'Modeling of Spatially Cross-Correlated Shadow Fading in Distributed Radio Access Networks', 2008 IEEE International Conference on Communications, 2008 IEEE International Conference on Communications, IEEE, Beijing, PEOPLES R CHINA, pp. 4472-4476.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Niebecker, KD, Eager, DM, Kubitza, K & Plischke, D 1970, 'Integrating a Collaborative Management Model into a Project Scorecard for efficient Cross-Company Project Management', Integrating a Collaborative Management Model into a Project Scorecard for efficient Cross-Company Project Management, Keeping the promise through people, projects and performance, Australian Institute of Project Management, Canberra, Australia, pp. 1-12.
View description>>

Proceedings of the 2008 AIPM Project Management Conference 12-15 October, 2008, National Convention Centre, Canberra, ACT, Australia

Niebecker, KD, Wagner, R, Kubitza, K & Eager, DM 1970, 'Efficient Project Management and Performance Assessment of Cross-Company Projects with a Collaborative Project Scorecard', Efficient Project Management and Performance Assessment of Cross-Company Projects with a Collaborative Project Scorecard, 22nd IPMA World Congress - Project Management To Run, International Project Management Association (IPMA), Rome, Italy, pp. 1-6.
View description>>

Collaborative Project Management Assessment based on the Collaborative Project Scorecard and the Project Management Excellence Model

Nimbalkar, SS & Choudhury, D 1970, 'Computation of point of application of seismic passive resistance by pseudo-dynamic method', 12th International Conference on Computer Methods and Advances in Geomechanics 2008, pp. 2636-2643.
View description>>

Computation of seismic passive resistance and its point of application is an important aspect of seismic design of retaining wall. Several researchers in the past had obtained seismic passive earth pressures by using the conventional pseudo-static method. In this pseudo-static method, peak ground acceleration is assumed as constant and seismic passive pressure thus obtained shows the linear variation along the height of the retaining wall. There is hardly any scope to find out the point of application of seismic passive resistance by pseudo-static approach but to assume it to act at one-third height from the base of the wall. Rectifying these errors, in recently developed pseudo-dynamic method of analysis, all these factors are considered to compute seismic passive earth pressures. In this paper, an attempt has been made to compute the point of application of seismic passive resistance using limit equilibrium method of analysis with pseudo-dynamic approach. Effects of variation of parameters like wall friction angle, time period of earthquake ground motion, seismic shear and primary wave velocities of backfill soil, soil amplification and seismic peak horizontal and vertical ground accelerations on the seismic passive earth pressure are studied.

Niu, L & Zhang, G 1970, 'A Model of Cognition-Driven Decision Process for Business Intelligence', 2008 IEEE/WIC/ACM International Conference on Web Intelligence and Intelligent Agent Technology, 2008 IEEE/WIC/ACM International Conference on Web Intelligence and Intelligent Agent Technology (WI-IAT), IEEE, Sydney, Australia, pp. 876-879.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

We proposed a cognition-driven decision process model for business intelligence. In this model, a manager's situation awareness (SA) and mental models are developed and enriched for naturalistic decision making based on traditional business intelligence systems. Mental models are also used to supervise the process of situation information retrieval and presentation. The final decision-making process is based on recognition-primed decision model. © 2008 IEEE.

Niu, L, Lu, J, Zhang, G & IEEE 1970, 'Improved Business Intelligence Analytics on Manager's Experience', 2008 IEEE CONGRESS ON EVOLUTIONARY COMPUTATION, VOLS 1-8, IEEE Congress on Evolutionary Computation, IEEE, Hong Kong, pp. 726-730.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Ong, C, Lu, S & Zhang, J 1970, 'An Approach for Enhancing the Results of Detecting Foreground Objects and Their Moving Shadows in Surveillance Video', 2008 Digital Image Computing: Techniques and Applications, 2008 Digital Image Computing: Techniques and Applications, IEEE, Canberra, ACT, pp. 242-249.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

Automated surveillance system is becoming increasingly important especially in the fields of computer vision and video processing. This paper describes a novel approach for improving the results of detecting foreground objects and their shadows in indoor

Ono, M, Scott, M, Yamada, K, Barton, G, Hutvagner, G & Lamond, A 1970, 'Targetes gene regulation mediated by nucleolar snoRNAs', FEBS JOURNAL, Joint Conference of the 33rd FEBS Congress/11th IUBMB Conference, BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, GREECE, Athens, pp. 73-73.

Otoom, AF, Gunes, H & Piccardi, M 1970, 'Automatic classification of abandoned objects for surveillance of public premises', CISP 2008: FIRST INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS ON IMAGE AND SIGNAL PROCESSING, VOL 4, PROCEEDINGS, International Congress on Image and Signal Processing, IEEE, Sanya, Hainan, China, pp. 542-549.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

One of the core components of any visual surveillance system is object classification, where detected objects are classified into different categories of interest. Although in airports or train stations, abandoned objects are mainly luggage or trolleys, none of the existing works in the literature have attempted to classify or recognize trolleys. In this paper, we analyzed and classified images of trolley(s), bag(s), single person(s), and group(s) of people by using various shape features with a number of uncluttered and cluttered images and applied multi-frame integration to overcome partial occlusions and obtain better recognition results. We also tested the proposed techniques on data extracted from a well-recognized and recent data set, PETS 2007 benchmark data set [16]. Our experimental results show that the features extracted are invariant to data set and classification scheme chosen. For our four-class object recognition problem, we achieved an average recognition accuracy of 70%.

Otoom, AF, Gunes, H & Piccardi, M 1970, 'Comparative performance analysis of feature sets for abandoned object classification', 2008 IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man and Cybernetics, 2008 IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man and Cybernetics (SMC), IEEE, Singapore City, Singapore, pp. 1020-1025.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

Accurate classification of abandoned objects is crucial in video surveillance systems. In this paper, we experiment with different validation techniques (hold-out and 10-fold cross validation), with the aim of determining which feature set proves more useful for accurate object classification in a video surveillance context (scale invariant image transform (SIFT) keypoints vs. geometric primitive features). Moreover, we show how the resulting features affect classification performance across different classifiers. We also further analyze the best performing classifier in order to have better understanding of its classification results. Objects are classified into four different categories: bag (s), person (s), trolley (s), and group (s) of people. Our experimental results show that the highest recognition accuracy and the lowest false alarm rate are achieved by building a classifier based on our proposed set of statistics of geometric primitives' features. This set of features maximizes inter-class separation and simplifies the classification process. Classification based on this set of features thus outperforms the second best approach based on SIFT keypoint histograms by providing on average 22% higher recognition accuracy and 7% lower false alarm rate.

Otoom, AF, Gunes, H, Piccardi, M & IEEE 1970, 'Comparative Performance Analysis of Feature Sets for Abandoned Object Classification', 2008 IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON SYSTEMS, MAN AND CYBERNETICS (SMC), VOLS 1-6, IEEE International Conference on System, Man, and Cybernetic, IEEE, Singapore, SINGAPORE, pp. 1019-1024.

Otoom, AF, Gunes, H, Piccardi, M & IEEE 1970, 'FEATURE EXTRACTION TECHNIQUES FOR ABANDONED OBJECT CLASSIFICATION IN VIDEO SURVEILLANCE', 2008 15TH IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON IMAGE PROCESSING, VOLS 1-5, IEEE International Conference on Image Processing, IEEE, San Diego, CA, USA, pp. 1368-1371.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

We address the problem of abandoned object classification in video surveillance. Our aim is to determine (i) which feature extraction technique proves more useful for accurate object classification in a video surveillance context (scale invariant image transform (SIFT) keypoints vs. geometric primitive features), and (ii) how the resulting features affect classification accuracy and false positive rates for different classification schemes used. Objects are classified into four different categories: bag (s), person (s), trolley (s), and group (s) of people. Our experimental results show that the highest recognition accuracy and the lowest false alarm rate are achieved by building a classifier based on our proposed set of statistics of geometric primitives' features. Moreover, classification performance based on this set of features proves to be more invariant across different learning algorithms. © 2008 IEEE.

Ou, Y, Cao, L, Luo, C & Liu, L 1970, 'Mining Exceptional Activity Patterns in Microstructure Data', 2008 IEEE/WIC/ACM International Conference on Web Intelligence and Intelligent Agent Technology, 2008 IEEE/WIC/ACM International Conference on Web Intelligence and Intelligent Agent Technology (WI-IAT), IEEE, University of Technology, Sydney, Australia, pp. 884-887.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

Market Surveillance plays an important role in maintaining market integrity, transparency and fairnesss. The existing trading pattern analysis only focuses on interday data which discloses explicit and high-level market dynamics. In the mean time, the existing market surveillance systems are facing challenges of misuse, mis-disclosure and misdealing of information, announcement and order in one market or crossing multiple markets. Therefore, there is a crucial need to develop workable methods for smart surveillance. To deal with such issues, we propose an innovative methodology - microstructure activity pattern analysis. Based on this methodology, a case study in identifying exceptional microstructure activity patterns is carried out. The experiments on real-life stock data show that microstructure activity pattern analysis opens a new and effective means for crucially understanding and analysing market dynamics. The resulting findings such as exceptional microstructure activity patterns can greatly enhance the learning, detection, adaption and decision-making capability of market surveillance. © 2008 IEEE.

Ou, Y, Cao, L, Luo, C & Zhang, C 1970, 'Domain-Driven Local Exceptional Pattern Mining for Detecting Stock Price Manipulation', Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics), Pacific Rim International Conference on Artificial Intelligence, Springer Berlin Heidelberg, Hanoi,Vietnam, pp. 849-858.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

Recently, a new data mining methodology, Domain Driven Data Mining (D 3M), has been developed. On top of data-centered pattern mining, D3M generally targets the actionable knowledge discovery under domain-specific circumstances. It strongly appreciates the involvement of domain intelligence in the whole process of data mining, and consequently leads to the deliverables that can satisfy business user needs and decision-making. Following the methodology of D3M, this paper investigates local exceptional patterns in real-life microstructure stock data for detecting stock price manipulations. Different from existing pattern analysis mainly on interday data, we deal with tick-by-tick data. Our approach proposes new mechanisms for constructing microstructure order sequences by involving domain factors and business logics, and for measuring the interestingness of patterns from business concern perspective. Real-life data experiments on an exchange data demonstrate that the outcomes generated by following D3M can satisfy business expectations and support business users to take actions for market surveillance. © 2008 Springer Berlin Heidelberg.

Paisitkriangkra, S, Shen, C & Zhang, J 1970, 'Real-time Pedestrian Detection Using a Boosted Multi-layer Classifier', The Eighth International Workshop on Visual Surveillance, in conjunction with European Conference on Computer Vision (ECCV'08), 2008, IEEE International Workshop on Visual Surveillance, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Marseille France.
View description>>

Techniques for detecting pedestrian in still images haveattached considerable research interests due to its wide applicationssuch as video surveillance and intelligent transportationsystems. In this paper, we propose a novel simplerpedestrian detector using state-of-the-art locally extractedfeatures, namely, covariance features. Covariancefeatures were originally proposed in [1, 2]. Unlike the workin [2], where the feature selection and weak classifier trainingare performed on the Riemannian manifold, we selectfeatures and train weak classifiers in the Euclidean spacefor faster computation. To this end, AdaBoost with weightedFisher linear discriminant analysis based weak classifiersare adopted. Multiple layer boosting with heterogeneousfeatures is constructed to exploit the efficiency of the Haarlikefeature and the discriminative power of the covariancefeature simultaneously. Extensive experiments show that bycombining the Haar-like and covariance features, we speedup the original covariance feature detector [2] by up to anorder of magnitude in processing time without compromisingthe detection performance. For the first time, the proposedwork enables covariance feature based pedestriandetection to work real-time.

Paisitkriangkrai, S, Chunhua Shen & Jian Zhang 1970, 'An experimental study on pedestrian classification using local features', 2008 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems, 2008 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems - ISCAS 2008, IEEE, Seattle, WA, pp. 2741-2744.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

This paper presents an experimental study on pedestrian detection using state-of-the-art local feature extraction and support vector machine (SVM) classifiers. The performance of pedestrian detection using region covariance, histogram of oriented gradien

Pal, U, Sharma, N, Wakabayashi, T & Kimura, F 1970, 'Handwritten Character Recognition of Popular South Indian Scripts', Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics), Springer Berlin Heidelberg, pp. 251-264.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

India is a multi-lingual, multi-script country. Considerably less work has been done towards handwritten character recognition of Indian languages than for other languages. In this paper we propose a quadratic classifier based scheme for the recognition of off-line handwritten characters of three popular south Indian scripts: Kannada, Telugu, and Tamil. The features used here are mainly obtained from the directional information. For feature computation, the bounding box of a character is segmented into blocks, and the directional features are computed in each block. These blocks are then down-sampled by a Gaussian filter, and the features obtained from the down-sampled blocks are fed to a modified quadratic classifier for recognition. Here, we used two sets of features. We used 64-dimensional features for high speed recognition and 400-dimensional features for high accuracy recognition. A five-fold cross validation technique was used for result computation, and we obtained 90.34%, 90.90%, and 96.73% accuracy rates from Kannada, Telugu, and Tamil characters, respectively, from 400 dimensional features. © 2008 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg.

Pan, W, Liu, J & Hawryszkiewycz, I 1970, 'A Method for Describing Knowledge Work Processes', 2008 International Workshop on Advanced Information Systems for Enterprises, 2008 International Workshop on Advanced Information Systems for Enterprises IWAISE '08, IEEE, pp. 46-52.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Pang, D, Hu, J, Zhou, J, Shi, J & Dutkiewicz, E 1970, 'An Uplink Resource Allocation Scheme for SDMA-Based IEEE 802.16 MIMO-OFDMA Systems', IEEE GLOBECOM 2008 - 2008 IEEE Global Telecommunications Conference, IEEE GLOBECOM 2008 - 2008 IEEE Global Telecommunications Conference, IEEE, pp. 1-5.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

In this paper, a low-complexity SDMA-based greedy resource allocation (SGRA) algorithm is proposed for the uplink of IEEE 802.16 MIMO-OFDMA systems taking into account co- channel interference. The objective of SGRA is to allocate resources in the space-time-frequency domain in order to maximize system throughput while guaranteeing QoS requirements of real time services. By performing efficient interference management, SGRA can be carried out in two phases. In the first phase, greedy resource allocation, primarily involving uplink scheduling and subchannel allocation across the MAC and PHY layers, is performed in the time-frequency domain. In the second phase, the resource allocation is extended to the space- time-frequency domain. Simulation results show that SGRA can improve system throughput while at the same time guaranteeing the delay and minimum data rate requirements of users. © 2008 IEEE.

Park, M, Jin, SJ, Hofstetter, R, Xu, M & Kang, BH 1970, 'Automatic Colonic Polyp Detection by the Mapping Using Regional Unit Sphere', 2008 International Conference on Multimedia and Ubiquitous Engineering (mue 2008), 2008 International Conference on Multimedia and Ubiquitous Engineering (mue 2008), IEEE, pp. 144-149.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

Colonic polyps appear like elliptical protrusions on the inner wall of the colon. The many proposed algorithms assumed the shape of a polyp as a spherical cap, so the algorithms are not flexible when the polyps are irregular shapes. In this paper, we propose a mapping using regional unit sphere (MuRUS) method to overcome the problem caused by unexpected polyp shapes. The MuRUS has shape invariant and size invariant properties. Our method was applied to colon CT images from 37 patients each having a prone and supine scan. There are 45 colonscopically confirmed polyps. The results obtained by our algorithm were compared with those gold standards. 100% of polyps >= 10mm in diameter were detected, 90% of polyps >= 6mm in diameter were detected and 70% of polyps < 6mm in diameter were detected at 7.0 FPs per patient. © 2008 IEEE.

Pasha, SA & Hoang Duong Tuan 1970, 'Nonlinear filtering for the linear fractional transformation model', 2008 Second International Conference on Communications and Electronics, 2008 Second International Conference on Communications and Electronics (ICCE), IEEE, Hoi An, VIETNAM, pp. 180-185.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

In gain-scheduling control the linear fractional transformation (LIFT) model is applied extensively to describe nonlinear plants. The equivalent representation of the nonlinear state space model by a linear model and a simple nonlinear feedback connectio

Pawlak, BJ, Duffy, R, van Dal, M, Voogt, F, Weemaes, R, Roozeboom, F, Zalm, P, Bennett, N & Cowern, N 1970, 'Doping of Sub-50nm SOI Layers', MRS Proceedings, Symposium on Doping Engineering for Front-End Processing held at the 2008 MRS Spring Meeting, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, San Francisco, CA, pp. 169-+.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

ABSTRACTDoping of thin body Si becomes very essential topic due to increasing interest of forming source/drain regions in fully depleted planar silicon-on-isolator (SOI) devices or vertical Fin field-effect-transistors (FinFETs). To diminish the role of the short-channel-control-effect (SCE) the Si layers thicknesses target the 10 nm range. In this paper many aspects of thin Si body doping are discussed: dopant retention, implantation-related amorphization, thin body recrystallization, sheet resistance (Rs) and carrier mobility in crystalline or amorphized material, impact of the annealing ambient on Rs for various SOI thicknesses. The complexity of 3D geometry for vertical Fin and the vicinity of the extended surface have an impact on doping strategies that are significantly different than for planar bulk devices.

Pedraza, L, Dissanayake, G, Miro, JV, Rodriguez-Losada, D & Matia, F 1970, 'BS-SLAM: Shaping the World', Robotics: Science and Systems, The MIT Press, pp. 169-176.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

This paper presents BS-SLAM, a simultaneous localization and mapping algorithm for use in unstructured environments that is effective regardless of whether features correspond to simple geometric primitives such as lines or not. The coordinates of the control points defining a set of B-splines are used to form a complete and compact description of the environment, thus making it feasible to use an extended Kalman filter based SLAM algorithm. The proposed method is the first known EKF-SLAM implementation capable of describing both straight and curve features in a parametric way. Appropriate observation equation that allows the exploitation of virtually all observations from a range sensor such as the ubiquitous laser range finder is developed. Efficient strategies for computing the relevant Jacobians, perform data association, initialization and expanding the map are presented. The effectiveness of the algorithms is demonstrated using experimental data.

Pedroso, D, Sheng, D & Abbo, A 1970, 'Stress path dependency and non-convexity of unsaturated soil models', Unsaturated Soils: Advances in Geo-Engineering - Proceedings of the 1st European Conference on Unsaturated Soils, E-UNSAT 2008, 1st European Conference on Unsaturated Soils, Taylor & Francis, Durham, ENGLAND, pp. 705-711.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

Yield surfaces for unsaturated soils are inevitably non-convex if the size of the yield surface has to increase with increasing suction. An expanding yield surface with increasing suction is crucial for modelling the volume collapse due to wetting. The non-convexity always exists at the transition between saturated and unsaturated states, irrespective of the stress variables used in the model. Some recent models for unsaturated soils also possess a stress path dependent hardening law. The non-convexity and stress-path dependency of the constitutive model make the implementation into finite element codes very challenging. This paper discusses aspects of stress integration schemes for non-convex and stress-path dependent models for unsaturated soils. © 2008 Taylor & Francis Group, London.

Pei-Yu Chen, Lan-Da Van, Reddy, HC & Chin-Teng Lin 1970, 'A new VLSI 2-D diagonal-symmetry filter architecture design', APCCAS 2008 - 2008 IEEE Asia Pacific Conference on Circuits and Systems, APCCAS 2008 - 2008 IEEE Asia Pacific Conference on Circuits and Systems (APCCAS), IEEE, Macao, PEOPLES R CHINA, pp. 320-323.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Peneva, D, Tasseva, V, Popov, E, Petrounias, I, Kodogiannis, VS, Anwar, F & Shannon, A 1970, 'Accumulation, storage and obtainment of generalized net tokens characteristics history', 2008 4th International IEEE Conference Intelligent Systems, 2008 4th International IEEE Conference 'Intelligent Systems' (IS), IEEE, pp. 1629-1633.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

In this paper is represented one idea for an extension to the existing software for generalized net (GN) models simulation. Given solution for storing of the characteristics of the tokens during their movements through the GN-models improves the existing GN-interpreter. The software tool is designed to be the independent central component of GN enabled applications. In this paper the idea for adding a new functionality is presented and the bases for storing tokens characteristics development are laid. © 2008 IEEE.

Peng, J & Stewart, MG 1970, 'Climate change, deterioration and time-dependent reliability of concrete structures', Futures in Mechanics of Structures and Materials Proceedings of the 20th Australasian Conference on the Mechanics of Structures and Materials Acmsm20, pp. 559-565.
View description>>

The paper will assess how increases in CO2 levels will affect carbonation-induced damage and safety loss to prestressed concrete structures. Probabilistic methods are used as there is significant uncertainty and variability of deterioration mechanisms, material properties, dimensions, strength and load modelling and environments. The time-dependent structural reliability analysis will predict the probability of corrosion initiation and the probability of failure (collapse) of a typical prestressed concrete AASHTO bridge girder over the next 100 years. Results are presented for a range of future CO2 emissions scenarios. For the worst case scenario the probability of corrosion initiation is 460% higher than the best mitigation scenario. There is thus a significant likelihood of corrosion damage that will need costly and disruptive repairs during the service life of many concrete structures. For the worst case scenario the probability of failure is 10% higher than that for the best mitigation scenario. © 2009 Taylor & Francis Group, London.

Peng, JX, Shao, XD & Stewart, MG 1970, 'Design planning decision for deteriorating wearing surfaces based on whole-life design considering life-cycle cost', Bridge Maintenance Safety Management Health Monitoring and Informatics Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Bridge Maintenance Safety and Management, pp. 440-441.
View description>>

Improved calculation methods for indirect maintenance cost over the service life of a bridge wearing surfaces are proposed in the present paper. Based on the existing data in a Chinese BMS, bridge condition is assessed and predicted under predefined optimal maintenance strategies, and used as boundary constraints for the proposed optimization model. A lifetime cost optimization methodology for planning the maintenance of structures that deteriorate over time is introduced and illustrated through numerical examples. The cost optimization is based on minimizing the expected total life-cycle cost while maintaining an allowable lifetime condition index. This method incorporates: a) predictive maintenance strategy; b) the effects of ageing, deterioration, and subsequent repair on wearing surface performance; c) the time value of money. The overall cost to be minimized includes the initial cost and costs of patch maintenance and performance-based repair. Selection of the number of bridge lanes (bridge width) is employed to illustrate the potential for cost saving and improving benefits of the proposed approach herein. It is concluded that when the traffic volume is constant, the design scenario that adds a temporary lane based on the 4-lane design one can decrease indirect maintenance cost effectively and keep the bridges in a higher service level. © 2008 Taylor & Francis Group, London.

Peng, X, Cao, Y & Niu, Z 1970, 'Mining Web Access Log for the Personalization Recommendation', 2008 International Conference on MultiMedia and Information Technology, 2008 International Conference on MultiMedia and Information Technology (MMIT), IEEE, Three Gorges, PEOPLES R CHINA, pp. 172-175.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Pereni, CI, Walker, PG, Levesley, MC, Keeling, D, Jaber, O, Watterson, K, Tipper, JL & Fisher, J 1970, 'Wear characteristics of a knitted PET implantable scaffold', 8th World Biomaterials Congress 2008, p. 575.

Perkins, AD, Abdallah, ME, Mitiguy, P & Waldron, KJ 1970, 'A unified method for multi-body systems subject to stick-slip friction and intermittent contact', 2008 IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems, 2008 IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems, IEEE, Nice, FRANCE, pp. 2311-2316.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Pham, TD, Beck, D, Brandl, M & Zhou, X 1970, 'Classification of Proteomic Signals by Block Kriging Error Matching', Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics), Springer Berlin Heidelberg, pp. 281-288.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

One of recent advances in biotechnology offers high-throughput mass-spectrometry data for disease detection, prevention, and biomarker discovery. In fact proteomics has recently become an attractive topic of research in biomedicine. Signal processing and pattern classification techniques are inherently essential for analyzing proteomic data. In this paper the estimation method of block kriging is utilized to derive an error matching strategy for classifying proteomic signals with a particular application to the prediction of cardiovascular events using clinical mass spectrometry data. The proposed block kriging based classification technique has been found to be superior to other recently developed methods. © 2008 Springer-Verlag.

Pham, TD, Brandl, M & Beck, D 1970, 'A new approach for cancer classification using microarray gene expression data', IASTED International Symposium on Computational Biology and Bioinformatics Cbb 2008, pp. 247-253.
View description>>

We propose in this paper a new approach for classification of cancers using microarray gene expression data. The proposed method adopts the concept of fuzzy declustering strategy for vector quantization algorithm. The notion of fuzzy partition entropy is coupled with the distortion measures for classifying spectral features of microarray data. Experimental results obtained from real datasets demonstrate the effective performance of the proposed approach.

Pham, TD, Brandl, M, Nguyen, ND & Nguyen, TV 1970, 'Fuzzy measure of multiple risk factors in the prediction of osteoporotic fractures', PROCEEDINGS OF THE 9TH WSEAS INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON FUZZY SYSTEMS, 9th WSEAS International Conference on Fuzzy Systems, WORLD SCIENTIFIC AND ENGINEERING ACAD AND SOC, Sofia, BULGARIA, pp. 171-+.

Pham, TD, Wang, H, Zhou, X, Beck, D, Brandl, M, Hoehn, G, Azok, J, Brennan, M-L, Hazen, SL & Wong, STC 1970, 'Classification of Mass Spectrometry Based Protein Markers by Kriging Error Matching', Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics), Springer Berlin Heidelberg, pp. 82-94.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

Discovery of biomarkers using serum proteomic patterns is currently one of the most attractive interdisciplinary research areas in computational life science. This new proteomic approach has the clinical significance in being able to detect disease in its early stages and to develop new drugs for disease treatment and prevention. This paper introduces a novel pattern classification strategy for identifying protein biomarkers using mass spectrometry data of blood samples collected from patients in emergency department monitored for major adverse cardiac events within six months. We applied the theory of geostatistics and a kriging error matching scheme for identifying protein biomarkers that are able to provide an average classification rate superior to other current methods. The proposed strategy is very promising as a general computational bioinformatic model for proteomic-pattern based biomarker discovery. © 2008 Springer-Verlag.

Phung, MD, Tran, QV, Hara, K, Inagaki, H & Abe, M 1970, 'Easy-setup eye movement recording system for human-computer interaction', 2008 IEEE International Conference on Research, Innovation and Vision for the Future in Computing and Communication Technologies, 2008 IEEE International Conference on Research, Innovation and Vision for the Future in Computing and Communication Technologies, IEEE, pp. 292-297.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

Tracking the movement of human eyes is expected to yield natural and convenient applications based on human-computer interaction (HCI). To implement an effective eye-tracking system, eye movements must be recorded without placing any restriction on the user's behavior or user discomfort. This paper describes an eye movement recording system that offers free-head, simple configuration. It does not require the user to wear anything on her head, and she can move her head freely. Instead of using a computer, the system uses a visual digital signal processor (DSP) camera to detect the position of eye corner, the center of pupil and then calculate the eye movement. Evaluation tests show that the sampling rate of the system can be 300 Hz and the accuracy is about 1.8 °/s. ©2008 IEEE.

Phuong, NM & Tuan, HD 1970, 'Clustering in a Fixed Manifold to Detect Groups of Genes with Similar Expression Patterns', 2nd International Conference on Bioinformatics Research and Development, International Conference on Bioinformatics Research and Development, Springer Berlin Heidelberg, Vienna, Austria, pp. 32-42.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

Clustering genes into groups that exhibit similar expression patterns is one of the most fundamental issues in microarray data analysis. In this paper, we present a normalized Expectation-Maximization (EM) approach for the problem of gene-based clusterin

Piccardi, M, Gunes, H & Otoom, AF 1970, 'Maximum-likelihood dimensionality reduction in gaussian mixture models with an application to object classification', 2008 19th International Conference on Pattern Recognition, 2008 19th International Conference on Pattern Recognition (ICPR), IEEE, Tampa, FL, USA, pp. 1-4.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

Accurate classification of objects of interest for video surveillance is difficult due to occlusions, deformations and variable views/illumination. The adopted feature sets tend to overcome these issues by including many and complementary features; however, their large dimensionality poses an intrinsic challenge to the classification task. In this paper, we present a novel technique providing maximum-likelihood dimensionality reduction in Gaussian mixture models for classification. The technique, called hereafter mixture of maximum-likelihood normalized projections (mixture of ML-NP), was used in this work to classify a 44-dimensional data set into 4 classes (bag, trolley, single person, group of people). The accuracy achieved on an independent test set is 98% vs. 80% of the runner-up (MultiBoost/AdaBoost).

Piccardi, M, Gunes, H, Otoom, AF & IEEE 1970, 'Maximum-Likelihood Dimensionality Reduction in Gaussian Mixture Models with an Application to Object Classification', 19TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON PATTERN RECOGNITION, VOLS 1-6, pp. 2986-2989.

Pradhan, B 1970, 'Flood susceptible analysis at Kelantan river basin using remote sensing and logistic regression model', 37th COSPAR Scientific Assembly, p. 2496.

Pradhan, B, Lee, S & Shattri, M 1970, 'Application of a Data Mining Model and It's Cross Application for Landslide Hazard Analysis: a Case Study in Malaysia', 37th COSPAR Scientific Assembly, p. 2495.

Pradhan, B, Mansor, SHATTRI, Lee, S & Buchroithner, MANFREDF 1970, 'Application of data mining model for landslide hazard mapping', Proceedings of ISPRS, pp. 187-196.

Prior, J, Robertson, T & Leaney, J 1970, 'Situated Software Development: Work Practice and Infrastructure Are Mutually Constitutive', 19th Australian Conference on Software Engineering (aswec 2008), 2008 19th Australian Conference on Software Engineering ASWEC, IEEE, pp. 160-169.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

Software developers' work is much more interesting and multifarious in practice than formal definitions of software development processes imply. Rational models of work are often representations of processes defined as they should be performed, rather than portrayals of what people actually do in practice. These models offer a simplified picture of the phenomena involved, and are frequently confused with how the work is carried out in reality, or they are advocated as the ideal way to accomplish the work. A longitudinal ethnographic study (45 days of fieldwork over 20 months) of a group of professional software developers revealed the importance of including their observed practice, and the "infrastructure" that supports and shapes this practice, in an authentic account of their work. Moreover, this research revealed that software development work practice and the infrastructure used to produce software are inextricably entwined and mutually constitutive over time. © 2008 IEEE.

Prior, J, Robertson, T & Leaney, J 1970, 'Situated software development: Work practice and infrastructure are mutually constitutive', ASWEC 2008: 19TH AUSTRALIAN SOFTWARE ENGINEERING CONFERENCE, PROCEEDINGS, 19th Australian Software Engineering Conference, IEEE COMPUTER SOC, Perth, AUSTRALIA, pp. 160-+.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

Software developers work is much more interesting and multifarious in practice than formal definitions of software development processes imply. Rational models of work are often representations of processes defined as they should be performed, rather than portrayals of what people actually do in practice. These models offer a simplified picture of the phenomena involved, and are frequently confused with how the work is carried out in reality, or they are advocated as the ideal way to accomplish the work. A longitudinal ethnographic study (45 days of fieldwork over 20 months) of a group of professional software developers revealed the importance of including their observed practice, and the infrastructure that supports and shapes this practice, in an authentic account of their work. Moreover, this research revealed that software development work practice and the infrastructure used to produce software are inextricably entwined and mutually constitutive over time.

Qiang Wu, Chunhua Du, Jie Yang, Xiangjian He & Yan Chen 1970, 'Pedestrian detection using hybrid statistical feature', 2008 IEEE 10th Workshop on Multimedia Signal Processing, 2008 IEEE 10th Workshop on Multimedia Signal Processing (MMSP), IEEE, Cairns, Queensland, Australia, pp. 101-106.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

A novel approach for walking people detection is proposed in this paper, which is inspired by the idea of Gait Energy Image (GEI). Unlike most of common human detection methods where usually a trained detector scans a single image and then generates a detection result, the proposed method detects people on a sequence of silhouettes which contain both appearance characteristics and motion characteristics. Thus, our method is more robust. Encouraging experimental results are obtained based on CASIA Gait Database and the additional nonhuman objects data. © 2008 IEEE.

Qiao, Y & Tartary, C 1970, 'Counting Method for Multi-party Computation over Non-abelian Groups', Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics), Cryptology and Network Security, Springer Berlin Heidelberg, Hong Kong, pp. 162-177.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

In the Crypto'07 paper [5], Desmedt et al. studied the problem of achieving secure n-party computation over non-Abelian groups. The function to be computed is f G (x 1,...,x n ) :∈=∈x 1 •...•x n where each participant P i holds an input x i from the non-commutative group G. The settings of their study are the passive adversary model, information-theoretic security and black-box group operations over G. They presented three results. The first one is that honest majority is needed to ensure security when computing f G . Second, when the number of adversary , they reduced building such a secure protocol to a graph coloring problem and they showed that there exists a deterministic secure protocol computing f G using exponential communication complexity. Finally, Desmedt et al. turned to analyze random coloring of a graph to show the existence of a probabilistic protocol with polynomial complexity when t∈<∈n/μ, in which μ is a constant less than 2.948. We call their analysis method of random coloring the counting method as it is based on the counting of the number of a specific type of random walks. This method is inspiring because, as far as we know, it is the first instance in which the theory of self-avoiding walk appears in multiparty computation. In this paper, we first give an altered exposition of their proof. This modification will allow us to adapt this method to a different lattice and reduce the communication complexity by 1/3, which is an important saving for practical implementations of the protocols. We also show the limitation of the counting method by presenting a lower bound for this technique. In particular, we will deduce that this approach would not achieve the optimal collusion resistance. © 2008 Springer Berlin Heidelberg.

Raad, IS & Huang, X 1970, 'Analytical Study of the Rotation Spreading Matrix of Block Spread OFDM with MMSE Equalization', 2008 3rd International Conference on Information and Communication Technologies: From Theory to Applications, Communication Technologies: from Theory to Applications (ICTTA), IEEE, Damascus, SYRIA, pp. 1-5.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Raad, IS & Huang, X 1970, 'Higher Order Parallel Concatenated Spreading Matrices OFDM', 2008 3rd International Conference on Information and Communication Technologies: From Theory to Applications, Communication Technologies: from Theory to Applications (ICTTA), IEEE, Damascus, SYRIA, pp. 1-6.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Raban, R, Leigh, EE, Litchfield, AJ & Dyson, LE 1970, 'Using Internet-Enabled Mobile Devices to Support Low-Cost Experiential Learning', 11th International Conference on Experiential Learning (ICEL 2008): Identity of Experience: Challenges for Experiential Learning, 11th International Conference on Experiential Learning, ICEL, Sydney, Australia, pp. 1-9.
View description>>

This paper examines model-making, specifically prototyping, as a problem-based, and possibly experiential, learning activity. Prototyping activities are increasingly being introduced by schools of architecture around the world for the teaching of architectural design and construction technology. Such activities mediate between sophisticated digital modeling technologies, new materials and new construction techniques, and are a means of enabling students to oscillate between the abstract and the concrete: between the virtual world of the computer screen and the physical reality of a model built to scale from representative materials. This paper reviews the literature on what is being done and how. It discusses whether current prototyping activities are taking advantage of the large body of knowledge contained within theories of experiential learning and proposes that a series of guidelines should be formulated to inform the implementation of experimental prototyping activities in the architecture studio. The paper concludes with my own prototyping case study conducted at the University of Technology, Sydney in 2007, which was deliberately designed as an experiential learning activity. Perceptions of its successes and challenges are discussed. A hands-on construction activity will be provided to engage participants in this session.

Rabbachin, A, Quek, TQS, Pinto, PC, Oppermann, I & Win, MZ 1970, 'Effect of aggregate narrowband interference on the UWB autocorrelation receiver', 2008 IEEE International Conference on Ultra-Wideband, 2008 IEEE International Conference on Ultra-Wideband (ICUWB), IEEE, Leibniz Univ Hannover, Hannover, GERMANY, pp. 79-83.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Rahman, A, Kennedy, P, Simmonds, A & Edwards, J 1970, 'Fuzzy logic based modelling and analysis of network traffic', 2008 8th IEEE International Conference on Computer and Information Technology, 2008 8th IEEE International Conference on Computer and Information Technology (CIT), IEEE, Sydney, Australia, pp. 652-657.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

Accurate computer network traffic models are required for many network tasks such as network traffic analysis and performance optimization. Existing statistical traffic modelling techniques rely on precise mathematical analysis of extensive measured data such as packet arrival time, packet size and server-side or client-side round trip time. With the advent of high speed broadband networks, gathering an acceptable quantity of data needed for the precise representation of traffic is a difficult, time consuming, expensive and in some cases almost an impossible task. In this work we developed a fuzzy logic based traffic models using imprecise data sets that can be obtained realistically. The model include a parameter, the R parameter, which is also useful for analysis of network traffic.

Rahman, BMA, Agrawal, A, Grattan, KTV & Obayya, SSA 1970, 'Rod shape optimization in photonic crystal bends by the finite element method', SPIE Proceedings, Photonics Europe, SPIE, pp. 69891Q-69891Q.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Rahman, SA, Zhang, N & Zhu, J 1970, 'Modeling and simulation of an energy management system for plug-in hybrid electric vehicles', 2008 Australasian Universities Power Engineering Conference, AUPEC 2008, Australasian Universities Power Engineering Conference, IEEE, Sydney, Australia, pp. 1-6.
View description>>

This paper presents modeling, control strategy and simulation results of an energy management strategy (EMS) for a specific Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle (PHEV). A good control strategy is required among components, such as the Energy Storage System, an Electric Motor, a Power Control Unit, and an Internal Combustion Engine in order to ensure that the vehicle achieve an improvement in energy efficiency, reduction in emissions, fuel use, weight and cost. In this work, firstly, through a power flow analysis, the vehicle components are sized to meet the expected power and energy requirements of a typical 5- passenger car. Then, the model is tested numerically in the MATLAB/SIMULINK environment using the Highway Fuel Economy Test drive cycle with the proposed EMS. The accuracy of the model is verified by a comparison between the simulation results from a specific PHEV code and Advanced Vehicle Simulator (ADVISOR) Hybrid Electric Vehicle (HEV) model. The simulation results of the two different HEV models are compared and the pros and cons discussed. © 2008 Australasian Universities Power Engineering Conference (AUPEC'08).

Raja, S, Thomas, P, Stuart, BH & O'Brien, C 1970, 'Thermal analysis of bones in forensic applications', International Association of Forensic Sciences 18th Triennial Meeting Book of Abstracts, 18th Meeting of the International Association of Forensic Sciences, New Orleans.

Rawtsthorne, D, Jiang, ZY & Wei, D 1970, 'Analysis of cold rolling of ultra thin strip', 9th International Conference on Technology of Plasticity Ictp 2008, pp. 801-806.
View description>>

In this paper, the effects of cold rolling parameters on rolling mechanics and surface roughness of the ultra thin steel strip have been identified. A quantitative experimental methodology was carried out, giving the extensive testing required on a 4-high Hille 100 rolling mill. Controls of rolling speed, reduction, strip width and friction at the roll/strip interface were conducted to analyse the rolling pressure, rolling torque and strip surface roughness. Results are obtained for the first pass and second pass rolling. Rolling speed does not have a conclusive effect on the rolling force, torque and strip surface roughness. Thickness reduction has a linear relationship with the rolling force and torque, and an increase of reduction corresponded with reduced surface roughness. Strip width increases the required rolling force and torque increases, but it does not show a significant influence on the strip surface roughness. Lubrication reduces the required rolling force and torque, and decreases the strip surface roughness. The research findings can provide a reference in practical rolling of ultra thin strip.

Raza, M, Hussain, FK & Chang, E 1970, 'A methodology for quality-based mashup of data sources', Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Information Integration and Web-based Applications & Services, iiWAS08: 10th International Conference on Information Integration and Web-based Applications & Services, ACM, pp. 528-533.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

The concept of mashup is gaining tremendous popularity and its application can be seen in a large number of domains. Enterprises using and relying upon mashup have improved their mass collaboration and personalization. In order for mashup technology to be widely accepted and widely used, we need a methodology by which can make use of the quality of the input to the mashup process as a governing principle to carry out mashup. This paper reviews the concept of mashup in different domains and proposes a conceptual solution framework for providing quality based mashup process. © 2008 ACM.

Ren, TR, Kwok, NM, Liu, DK, Huang, SD & IEEE 1970, 'Path Planning for a Robotic Arm Sand-blasting System', 2008 INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INFORMATION AND AUTOMATION, VOLS 1-4, IEEE International Conference on Information and Automation, IEEE, Zhangjiajie City, Hunan, China, pp. 1067-1072.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

Steel bridges are vulnerable to corrosion and their surfaces have to be de-rusted and repainted regularly. Since the process is complicated, expensive and the removed paints are harmful to human workers' health; the use of an automatic robotic system would be an attractive alternative. This paper presents an approach for planning paths for a robotic arm used in the sand-blasting operation. A hexagonal topologybased coverage pattern is adopted to reduce the amount of un-blasted areas and an editing process is included to confine the blasted areas within desirable boundaries. Furthermore, a genetic algorithm is employed to obtain an effective path with minimum arm travel distances and magnitude of turns. Collisions to obstacles are alleviated by making use of the force-field strategy. The effectiveness of the proposed methods is verified by simulations based on an industrial robot arm model and a complex bridge environment. © 2008 IEEE.

Roddick, J, Li, J, Christen, P & Kennedy, PJ 1970, 'Data Mining & Analytics 20068: Proceedings of the 7th Australasian Data Mining Conference (AusDM 2008)', Data Mining & Analytics 20068: Proceedings of the 7th Australasian Data Mining Conference (AusDM 2008), Australian Data Mining Conference, Australian Computer Society, Adelaide.

Roddick, JF, Li, J, Christen, P & Kennedy, P 1970, 'Preface', Conferences in Research and Practice in Information Technology Series.

Rosberg, Z, Liu, RP, Dong, AY, Le, TD & Jha, S 1970, 'ARQ with Implicit and Explicit ACKs in Wireless Sensor Networks.', GLOBECOM, IEEE Global Telecommunications Conference (GLOBECOM 08), IEEE, New Orleans, LA, pp. 50-55.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Rosseel, E, Vandervorst, W, Clarysse, T, Goossens, J, Moussa, A, Lin, R, Petersen, DH, Nielsen, PF, Hansen, O, Bennett, NS & Cowern, NEB 1970, 'Impact of multiple sub-melt laser scans on the activation and diffusion of shallow Boron junctions', 2008 16th IEEE International Conference on Advanced Thermal Processing of Semiconductors, 2008 16th International Conference on Advanced Thermal Processing of Semiconductors (RTP), IEEE, Las Vegas, NV, pp. 135-140.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Rujikiatkamjorn, C, Ghandeharioon, A & Indraratna, B 1970, 'Finite element simulation of mandrel penetration in a normally consolidated soil', GEOTECHNICS OF SOFT SOILS, 2nd International Workshop on Geotechnics of Soft Soils, Taylor & Francis, Glasgow, SCOTLAND, pp. 287-292.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Rujikiatkamjorn, C, Ghandeharioon, A & Indraratna, B 1970, 'Modelling of soft ground consolidation via combined surcharge and vacuum preloading', GEOTECHNICS OF SOFT SOILS, 2nd International Workshop on Geotechnics of Soft Soils, Taylor & Francis, Glasgow, SCOTLAND, pp. 43-53.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Ruzinoor, CM, Rashid, MSA, Rodzi, MA & Biswajeet, P 1970, 'Development of 3D web based terrain visualizer', International Symposium and Exhibition on Geoinformation.

Saberi, M, Azadeh, A & Ghorbani, S 1970, 'Forecasting Oil Production by Adaptive Neuro Fuzzy Inference system', 2008 IEEE INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON INDUSTRIAL ELECTRONICS, VOLS 1-5, IEEE International Symposium on Industrial Electronics, IEEE, Cambridge, ENGLAND, pp. 240-+.

Saberi, M, Azadeh, A & Ghorbani, S 1970, 'Forecasting oil production by adaptive neuro fuzzy inference system', 2008 IEEE International Symposium on Industrial Electronics, 2008 IEEE International Symposium on Industrial Electronics (ISIE 2008), IEEE, pp. 1035-1043.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

In this paper, the efficiency of neuro fuzzy network (ANFIS) is examined against auto regression (AR). Mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) is applied for this purpose. After applying different data preprocessing methods, the models are developed. A method for calculating ANFIS performance is also proposed. Due to various seasonal and monthly changes in oil production and difficulties in modeling it with conventional methods, we consider a case study in four countries for oil production estimation. Finally, analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT) is conducted for each country to evaluate the most efficient method. © 2008 IEEE.

Sackermann, R & Deuse, J 1970, 'Determination of assembly times in low volume high mix production', 38th International Conference on Computers and Industrial Engineering 2008, pp. 1803-1809.
View description>>

Because of fast changing and chaotic markets manufacturer of customer individual products (low volume high mix production) are forced to design, plan and calculate products at frequent intervals. Therefore time studies have to generate precise results by less effort. For good results right from the start of the planning process, times have to be determined even in the early phases of the planning process. Time studies in these phases are usually based on diffuse and incomplete information. Today's methods are comparing and estimating by experts or extensive and complex statistic procedures. These methods are suboptimal, because they are either imprecise and strongly subjective or effortful and highly complex. In this paper a new method for the determination of times of manual assembly processes is introduced. The method is applicable from the early phases of the planning process and can be used up to the start of production. It is no longer necessary to use different methods in every planning phase, because the new method copes with the upcoming information as it becomes more detailed. To integrate diffuse information the new method's core is a knowledge-based system using fuzzy-logic. The rule-base of this system is set up once by an automatic algorithm and can be optimized by experts. With this new method it is possible to get adequate time data in the required precision in every phase of the planning process. Copyright© (2008) by Computers & Industrial Engineering.

Saesue, W, Jian Zhang & Chun Tung Chou 1970, 'Hybrid frame-recursive block-based distortion estimation model for wireless video transmission', 2008 IEEE 10th Workshop on Multimedia Signal Processing, 2008 IEEE 10th Workshop on Multimedia Signal Processing (MMSP), IEEE, Cairns, QLD, pp. 774-779.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

In wireless environments, video quality can be severely degraded due to channel errors. Improving error robustness towards the impact of packet loss in error-prone network is considered as a critical concern in wireless video networking research. Data pa

Sakhaee, E, Leibnitz, K, Wakamiya, N & Murata, M 1970, 'Self-Adaptive and Mobility-Aware Path Selection in Mobile Ad-Hoc Networks', Proceedings of the Third International Conference on Bio-Inspired Models of Network Information and Computing Systems (Bionetics 2008), 3d International ICST Conference on Bio-Inspired Models of Network, Information, and Computing Systems, ICST.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Sakhaee, E, Wakamiya, N & Murata, M 1970, 'GPS-Free Disaster-Scale Mapping and Energy-Efficient Alerting Scheme in a Wireless Sensor Network', 2008 Second International Conference on Sensor Technologies and Applications (sensorcomm 2008), 2008 Second International Conference on Sensor Technologies and Applications (sensorcomm 2008), IEEE, pp. 73-80.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Sakhaee, E, Wakamiya, N & Murata, M 1970, 'Self-Adaptability and Organization for Pervasive Computing and Sensor Network Environments Using a Biologically-Inspired Approach', 2008 IEEE International Symposium on Parallel and Distributed Processing with Applications, 2008 IEEE International Symposium on Parallel and Distributed Processing with Applications (ISPA), IEEE, pp. 892-895.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

San Martin, J, Pontt, J, Bello, F & Aguilera, R 1970, 'Interharmonics Power Losses Estimation in Power Transformer fed High Power Cycloconverter Drive', 2008 IEEE Industry Applications Society Annual Meeting, 2008 IEEE Industry Applications Society Annual Meeting (IAS), IEEE, pp. 1-5.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

High power cycloconverter (CCV) fed drives are widely used in mining plants for ore processing. Actually, transformers for CCV are manufactured under IEEE Standards for rectifier power transformers, considering harmonics losses only. However, when the drive operates at full power and variable speed, interharmonics currents can cause additional losses and overheating. In this work, the analysis of an actual CCV-drive with experimental measurements is presented, including a model for estimation of the interharmonic losses, considering the most relevant spectral components around the fundamental component. These losses are relevant and new considerations for transformer design are proposed. © 2008 IEEE.

Sanati, F & Lu, J 1970, 'Semantic web for e-government service delivery integration', PROCEEDINGS OF THE FIFTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY: NEW GENERATIONS, International Conference on Information Technology: New Generations, IEEE, Las Vegas, NV, USA, pp. 459-464.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

Repeatability is one of the most fundamental components of any methodology or framework in any engineering discipline. Many research projects attempting to formulate some modelling strategies as the new technologies and development techniques are being p

Sanjay, S, Turner, BD & Sloan, SW 1970, 'Bicarbonate alkalinity effect on the fluoride removal efficiency of activated alumina', GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA, 18th Annual V M Goldschmidt Conference, PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD, CANADA, Vancouver, pp. A823-A823.

Schaefer, TH, Dlugogorski, BZ & Kennedy, EM 1970, 'Sealability Properties of Fluorine-Free Fire-Fighting Foams (FfreeF)', Fire Technology, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, pp. 297-309.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Schirmer, SG, Kandasamy, G & Devitt, SJ 1970, 'Control paradigms for quantum engineering', 2008 3rd International Symposium on Communications, Control and Signal Processing, 2008 3rd International Symposium on Communications, Control and Signal Processing (ISCCSP), IEEE, St Julians, MALTA, pp. 966-971.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Shang, H, Zhang, Y, Lin, X & Yu, JX 1970, 'Taming verification hardness', Proceedings of the VLDB Endowment, VLDB Endowment, Association for Computing Machinery (ACM), Auckland, New Zealand, pp. 364-375.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

Graphs are widely used to model complicated data semantics in many applications. In this paper, we aim to develop efficient techniques to retrieve graphs, containing a given query graph, from a large set of graphs. Considering the problem of testing subgraph isomorphism is generally NP-hard, most of the existing techniques are based on the framework of filtering -and- verification to reduce the precise computation costs; consequently various novel feature-based indexes have been developed. While the existing techniques work well for small query graphs, the verification phase becomes a bottleneck when the query graph size increases. Motivated by this, in the paper we firstly propose a novel and efficient algorithm for testing subgraph isomorphism, QuickSI. Secondly, we develop a new feature-based index technique to accommodate QuickSI in the filtering phase. Our extensive experiments on real and synthetic data demonstrate the efficiency and scalability of the proposed techniques, which significantly improve the existing techniques.

Shannon, A, Orozova, D, Sotirova, E, Atanassov, K, Krawczak, M, Melo-Pinto, P, Nikolov, R, Sotirov, S & Kim, T 1970, 'Towards a model of the digital university: A Generalized Net model for producing course timetables', 2008 4th International IEEE Conference Intelligent Systems, 2008 4th International IEEE Conference 'Intelligent Systems' (IS), IEEE, pp. 1625-1628.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

In a series of research papers, the authors have studied some of the most important models of contemporary universities, such as: the research university, the entrepreneurial university and the digital university and construct their Generalized Net (GN) models. This paper is based on the case-studies of Sofia University, the Technical University of Munich and the University of Edinburgh. The main focus is to put the analysis of the processes of the functioning of a university which effectively integrates Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) in all university activities. A concrete example based on the process of course administration at University of Edinburgh is considered. This university is in a process of developing an integrated information system covering most of the university activities. The opportunity of using GNs as a tool for modeling such processes is analyzed as well. © 2008 IEEE.

Sharp, I, Yu, K & Guo, YJ 1970, 'Performance Analysis of Bandlimited TOA Estimation Using Peak Tracking', 2008 IEEE 68th Vehicular Technology Conference, 2008 IEEE 68th Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC 2008-Fall), IEEE, pp. 1-5.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

This paper presents the performance analysis of time-of-arrival (TOA) measurements by employing bandlimited radio signals. We choose one of the practical TOA estimation methods, peak tracking for study. First, two simplified models, i.e. the hyperbolic and Gaussian models are introduced to approximate the correlation diagram (correlogram) for ease of performance analysis. It is shown that the two models accurately approximate the true bandlimited correlogram especially around the peak. Concise expressions of the TOA estimation errors are derived for either Gaussian measurement noise or multipath interference when using bandlimited signals. The analytical results can be readily exploited to assist the design of TOA based positioning systems using peak tracking algorithm under bandwidth constraints. ©2008 IEEE.

Sheard, J, Carbone, A, Lister, R, Simon, B, Thompson, E & Whalley, JL 1970, 'Going SOLO to assess novice programmers', Proceedings of the 13th annual conference on Innovation and technology in computer science education, ITiCSE '08: 13th Annual Conference on Innovation and Technology in Computer Science Education, ACM, Madrid, Spain, pp. 209-213.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

ABSTRACT: This paper explores the programming knowledge of novices using Biggs' SOLO taxonomy. It builds on previous work of Lister et al. (2006) and addresses some of the criticisms of that work. The research was conducted by studying the exam scripts for 120 introductory programming students, in which three specific questions were analyzed using the SOLO taxonomy. The study reports the following four findings: when the instruction to students used by Lister et al. - "In plain English, explain what the following segment of Java code does" - is replaced with a less ambiguous instruction, many students still provide multistructural responses; students are relatively consistent in the SOLO level of their answers; student responses on SOLO reading tasks correlate positively with performance on writing tasks; postgraduates students manifest a higher level of thinking than undergraduates.

Shen, C, Paisitkriangkrai, S & Zhang, J 1970, 'Face detection from few training examples', 2008 15th IEEE International Conference on Image Processing, 2008 15th IEEE International Conference on Image Processing - ICIP 2008, IEEE, San Diego, CA, pp. 2764-2767.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Sheng, D & Fredlund, DG 1970, 'Elasto-plastic modelling of unsaturated soils : An overview', 12th International Conference on Computer Methods and Advances in Geomechanics 2008, pp. 2084-2105.
View description>>

This paper presents an overview of elasto-plastic modelling of unsaturated soils. Alternative stress and strain variables that have been used in constitutive models for unsaturated soils are discussed. The use of an effective stress equation may simplify constitutive relations, but often result in a stress space that depends on the material state. In this case, the constitutive behaviour is embodied both in the stress definition and in the constitutive relation. Alternative volumetric models in the literature are then discussed. The focus is placed on the comparison of a new model with other existing models. This new model is formulated in terms of independent stress variables and features a smooth transition between saturated and unsaturated states. The implications of the volumetric model for yield stress and shear strength functions are discussed. The paper also shows how hysteresis in soil-water characteristic curves can be incorporated into the elasto-plastic framework, leading to a coupled hydro-mechanical model. Finally, the paper demonstrates the derivation of the incremental stress-strain relations for unsaturated soils and discusses briefly the implementation of these relations into the finite element method.

Sidhu, A, Hussain, FK & Madzic, M 1970, 'Papers in track 14 - Health ecosystems', 2008 2nd IEEE International Conference on Digital Ecosystems and Technologies, 2008 2nd IEEE International Conference on Digital Ecosystems and Technologies (DEST), IEEE, pp. xi-xi.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Simon, Carbone, A, de Raadt, M, Lister, R, Hamilton, M & Sheard, J 1970, 'Classifying computing education papers', Proceedings of the Fourth international Workshop on Computing Education Research, ICER '08: International Computing Education Research Workshop, ACM, Sydney, Australia, pp. 161-172.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

ABSTRACT: We have applied Simon's system for classifying computing education publications to all three years of papers from ICER. We describe the process of assessing the inter-rater reliability of the system and fine-tuning it along the way. Our analysis of the ICER papers confirms that ICER is a research-intensive conference. It also indicates that the research is quite narrowly focused, with the majority of the papers set in the context of programming courses. In addition we find that ICER has a high proportion of papers involving more than one institution, and high proportions of papers on the themes of ability/aptitude and theories and models of teaching and learning.

Simon, S, Sheard, J, Carbone, A, de Raadt, M, Hamilton, M, Lister, RF & Thompson, E 1970, 'Eight years of computing education papers at NACCQ', Proceedings of the 21st Annual Conference of the National Advisory Committee on Computing Qualifications, National Advisory Committee on Computing Qualifications, National Advisory Committee on Computing Qualifications, Auckland, New Zealand, pp. 101-107.
View description>>

Abstract: The 157 computing education papers from the past eight NACCQ conferences are categorised and summarised by a group of researchers from multiple institutions, with steps taken to measure and improve the consistency of classification. The papers are set predominantly in programming subjects, hardware/architecture/systems/ network subjects, and capstone projects. The bulk of the papers are about teaching/learning techniques, assessment techniques, teaching/learning tools, curriculum, and educational technology. Most of the papers are set within single subjects, a few in multiple subjects within a single program or department, and fewer still in a range of subjects across the whole institution or multiple institutions. Nearly a quarter of the papers either expound a position or outline a proposal; a large but diminishing proportion report on something such as a change of curriculum or approach; and a large and increasing proportion are clearly research papers, focusing on the analysis of data to answer an explicit research question.

Smallwood, AG, Thomas, PS & Ray, AS 1970, 'The thermophysical properties of australian opal', Australasian Institute of Mining and Metallurgy Publication Series, International Congress foe Applied mineralogy, Australasian Institute of Mining & Metallurgy, Brisbane, Australia, pp. 557-560.
View description>>

The characterisation of the surface area and porosity of opals derived from Tintenbar, a volcanic environment, and Lightning Ridge, a sedimentary environment, using nitrogen gas adsorption at -196°C is reported. Both opal types were found to have relatively low surface areas and displayed little porosity. The low surface areas observed is indicative of the ability of silica to infill voids and interstices. Thermogravimetric analysis of the samples before and after degassing was carried out to determine the amount of water removed by the degassing process. Negligible difference was found in the water content before and after degassing in the case of the Lightning Ridge sedimentary opal, while the Tintenbar volcanic opal was found to have lost more that 60 per cent of its water during the degassing process. These differences were ascribed to the differences in the silica structure of the opals with the Lightning Ridge opal having a denser cage structure, which traps the molecular water, while a more open structure is postulated for the Tintenbar opal, allowing the water to be relatively easily removed.

Smith, D, Hanlen, L, Miniutti, D, Zhang, J, Rodda, D & Gilbert, B 1970, 'Statistical characterization of the dynamic narrowband body area channel', 2008 First International Symposium on Applied Sciences on Biomedical and Communication Technologies, 2008 First International Symposium on Applied Sciences on Biomedical and Communication Technologies (ISABEL), IEEE, IEEE, pp. 1-5.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Smith, D, Hanlen, L, Miniutti, D, Zhang, JA, Rodda, D & Gilbert, B 1970, 'Statistical Characterization of the Dynamic Narrowband Body Area Channel', ISABEL: 2008 FIRST INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON APPLIED SCIENCES IN BIOMEDICAL AND COMMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES, 1st International Symposium on Applied Sciences in Biomedical and Communication Technologies, IEEE, Aalborg, DENMARK, pp. 154-158.

Smith, G & Johnston, AJ 1970, 'Interactive Software for Guitar Learning', Sound : Space - Proceedings of the Australasian Computer Music Conference, Australasian Computer Music Conference, Australasian Computer Music Association, Sydney, Australia, pp. 69-77.
View description>>

In this paper we present software designed to help address problems encountered by beginning guItarists, using interactive software to find effective solutions to enhance the learning process. Software can be utilised to improve a player's ability tdhear mistakes in theIr performance, as well as to create a fun and entertaining learning environment 'to motivate the player to practice. A software prototype ~~s been developed, which served as a basIs for usabllzty testmg, to highlight the usefulness of vari~us methods of feedback and provide a way forward in developing valuable software for guitar tuition.

Sofi, M, Mendis, P & Baweja, D 1970, 'Behaviour of post-tensioning anchorage zones in early age concrete: Experimental study', Futures in Mechanics of Structures and Materials - Proceedings of the 20th Australasian Conference on the Mechanics of Structures and Materials, ACMSM20, pp. 485-491.
View description>>

Many failures have been reported in the live and dead end anchors of post-tensioned (PT) slabs during the post-tensioning process, prompting a closer study of the behaviour of anchorage zone in concrete. The aim of experimental work conducted at the University of Melbourne on beam-end specimens was to establish the failure modes of the dead-end anchors in slabs at early ages (4-7 days). Pullout tests were conducted on six beam-end specimens cured under the standard laboratory temperature of 23°C. Two of the specimens were tested to assess the bond strength of strand without the dead-end anchors (onion). Specimens were tested at 4,14 and 21 days age in an attempt to measure the level of strains at the local anchorage zones. Embedded strain gages were used to measure the strains at the surface of the concrete next to the anchorage. The results show that the straight part of the strand takes a significant amount of pullout load before the full load is transferred to the onion. Consistent with the published work on anchorage zones, a splitting type failure was observed at the local anchor zones for all specimens indicating the radial stresses emanating from the dead-end anchor. As expected the failure load was found to increase with age. © 2009 Taylor & Francis Group, London.

Stewart, M & Suo, Q 1970, 'Effect of spatially variable corrosion damage on strength and time-dependent reliability of RC beams', Life-Cycle Civil Engineering - Proceedings of the 1st International Symposium on Life-Cycle Civil Engineering, IALCCE '08, CRC Press, pp. 239-245.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

A spatial time-dependent reliability model is developed for a RC beam subject to corrosion-induced pitting corrosion. The analysis considers the spatial and time-dependent variability of pitting corrosion and its effect on cover cracking and shear and flexural resistance. The model uses extreme value theory to predict maximum pit depth as a function of bar diameter and reinforcing bar length. The effect of corrosion on the mechanical behaviour of reinforcement and associated loss of ductility is also considered. A ID spatial model is included where concrete properties, concrete cover and the surface chloride concentration are treated as random fields. The spatial time-dependent reliability model allows the loss of structural capacity and reliability to be calculated conditional on the observed extent of corrosion damage. This allows the interaction between corrosion damage and loss of structural safety to be inferred for a deteriorating RC beam. © 2008 Taylor & Francis Group, London.

Su, SW, Celler, BG, Savkin, AV, Nguyen, HT, Cheng, TM, Guo, Y, Wang, L & IEEE 1970, 'Portable sensor based dynamic estimation of human oxygen uptake via nonlinear multivariable modelling', 2008 30th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, Vols 1-8, IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society Annual Conference, IEEE, Vancouver, Canada, pp. 2431-2434.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

Noninvasive portable sensors are becoming popular in biomedical engineering practice due to its ease of use. This paper investigates the estimation of human oxygen uptake (VO2) of treadmill exercises by using multiple portable sensors (wireless heart rate sensor and triaxial accelerometers). For this purpose, a multivariable Hammerstein model identification method is developed. Well designed PRBS type of exercises protocols are employed to decouple the identification of linear dynamics with that of nonlinearities of Hammerstein systems. The support vector machine regression is applied to model the static nonlinearities. Multivariable ARX modelling approach is used for the identification of dynamic part of the Hammerstein systems. It is observed the obtained nonlinear multivariable model can achieve better estimations compared with single input single output models. The established multivariable model has also the potential to facilitate dynamic estimation of energy expenditure for outdoor exercises, which is the next research step of this study.

Su, SW, Nguyen, H, Ha, QP & IEEE 1970, 'Integral Controller Design for Nonlinear Systems Using Inverse Optimal Control', 2008 10TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON CONTROL AUTOMATION ROBOTICS & VISION: ICARV 2008, VOLS 1-4, International Conference on Control, Automation, Robotics and Vision, Research Publishinh Services, Hanoi, Vietnam, pp. 2154-2158.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

This paper proposes an integral controller design scheme for nonlinear systems based on optimal control and the passivity theorem in order to suppress the effect of external disturbances. The main strategy is to augment an optimal controller with a PI type controller. To guarantee the proposed controller has a desired stability margin, the passivity-based design method is introduced. Here, the inverse optimal control technique is employed to avoid the need of solving a Hamilton- Jacobi equation. An illustrative example is given to show the design procedure and the controller effectiveness.

Su, Y, Wu, CQ & Griffth, M 1970, 'Numerical simulation of bond-slip models between FRP and masonry in pull tests', Proceedings of the 10th International Symposium on Structural Engineering for Young Experts Isseye 2008, 10th International Symposium on Structural Engineering for Young Experts, SCIENCE PRESS BEIJING, Hunan Univ, Changsha, PEOPLES R CHINA, pp. 530-536.
View description>>

The retrofitting of masonry structures with near-surface mounted (NSM) FRP plates and externally bonded (EB) FRP plates has proven to be an innovative and cost effective strengthening technique. The behaviour of such FRP-strengthened masonry structures is often controlled by the behaviour of the interface between the FRP and masonry, which is commonly studied using a pulltest. In this paper, several masonry prisms in pull tests are simulated numerically using a distinct modelling approach in which bricks and mortar are simulated individually while the bond-slip behaviour at the FRP-to-masonry interface in pull tests is simulated by either solid continuum elements where detailed information of the interface can be modelled directly, or by contact relation models where the FRP-to-masonry interface is described as a type of contact surface. Comparisons between the various predictions and test results from experimental pull tests of NSM and EB FRP plates in masonry prisms are presented to demonstrate the efficiency and accuracy of the interface model and contact model.

Sun, Y, Prendinger, H, Shi, YD, Chen, F, Chung, V & Ishizuka, M 1970, 'The hinge between input and output', CHI '08 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems, CHI '08: CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, ACM, pp. 3483-3488.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

A multimodal interface provides multiple modalities for input and output, such as speech, eye gaze and facial expression. With the recent progresses in multimodal interfaces, various approaches about multimodal input fusion and output generation have been proposed. However, less attention has been paid to how to integrate them together in a multimodal input and output system. This paper proposes an approach, termed as THE HINGE, in providing agent-based multimodal presentations in accordance with multimodal input fusion results. The analysis of experiment result shows the proposed approach enhances the flexibility of the system while maintains its stability.

Sutcliffe, PJ, Solomon, AI & Edwards, J 1970, 'Computing the Moments of Costs over the Solution Space of the TSP in Polynomial Time', IWOCA2007, International Workshop on Combinatorial Algorithm, College Publications, Lake Macquarie NSW, pp. 158-169.

Syed Imtiaz Husain, Jinhong Yuan & Jian Zhang 1970, 'Channel shortening through bit error rate minimization for UWB systems', 2008 Australian Communications Theory Workshop, 2008 Australian Communications Theory Workshop, IEEE, IEEE, pp. 130-134.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Syed, AP & Hoang, DT 1970, 'Nonlinear filtering for the linear fractional transformation model', HUT-ICCE 2008 - 2nd International Conference on Communications and Electronics, pp. 180-185.
View description>>

In gain-scheduling control the linear fractional transformation (LFT) model is applied extensively to describe nonlinear plants. The equivalent representation of the nonlinear state space model by a linear model and a simple nonlinear feedback connection using the LFT is very efficient. Moreover, the existence of the model for any smooth nonlinear mapping makes the LFT amenable to the most general class of nonlinear systems. In this paper, we propose Bayesian filtering for this model and based on an approximation confined to the feedback loop only give a closed form solution to Bayes recursion. We demonstrate through simulations that the proposed filter works better than conventional approximation methods. ©2008 IEEE.

Taha, T, Miro, JV, Dissanayake, G & IEEE 1970, 'POMDP-based long-term user intention prediction for wheelchair navigation', 2008 IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ROBOTICS AND AUTOMATION, VOLS 1-9, IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation, IEEE, Pasadena, USA, pp. 3920-3925.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

This paper presents an intelligent decision-making agent to assist wheelchair users in their daily navigation activities. Several navigational techniques have been successfully developed in the past to assist with specific behaviours such as 'door passing' or 'corridor following'. These shared control strategies normally require the user to manually select the level of assistance required during use. Recent research has seen a move towards more intelligent systems that focus on forecasting users' intentions based on current and past actions. However, these predictions have been typically limited to locations immediately surrounding the wheelchair. The key contribution of the work presented here is the ability to predict the users' intended destination at a larger scale, that of a typical office arena. The systems relies on minimal user input - obtained from a standard wheelchair joystick - in conjunction with a learned Partially Observable Markov Decision Process (POMDP), to estimate and subsequently drive the user to his destination. The projection is constantly being updated, allowing for true user-platform integration. This shifts users' focus from fine motor-skilled control to coarse control broadly intended to convey intention. Successful simulation and experimental results on a real wheelchair robot demonstrate the validity of the approach. ©2008 IEEE.

Taha, T, Valls Miro, J & Dissanayake, G 1970, 'Intention driven assistive wheelchair navigation', Proc. of 'Robotic Helpers: User Interaction, Interfaces and Companions in Assistive and Therapy Robotics', a Workshop at ACM/IEEE Human Robot Interaction 2008 (HRI 2008), ACM/IEEE Human Robot Interaction, Technical Report 470, University of Hertfordshire, Amsterdam, the Netherlands, pp. 71-77.
View description>>

This paper presents an intelligent decision-making agent to assist wheelchair users in their daily navigation activities. The system has the ability to predict the users intended destination at a larger scale, that of a typical office or home arena. This system relies on minimal user input - obtained from a standard wheelchair joystick - in conjunction with a learned Partially Observable Markov Decision Process (POMDP), to estimate and subsequently aid in driving the user to the destination. The projection is constantly being updated, allowing for true user-platform integration. This shifts users focus from fine motor-skilled control to coarse guidance, broadly intended to convey intention. Successful simulation and experimental results on a real automated wheelchair platform demonstrate the validity of the approach.

Tapson, J, Hamilton, TJ, Jin, C & van Schaik, A 1970, 'Self-tuned regenerative amplification and the hopf bifurcation', 2008 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS), 2008 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS), IEEE, Seattle, WA, pp. 1768-1771.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Thalakotuna, DNP, Tilakaratne, TAT, Jayasinghe, YBMS, Silva, THKM & Munasinghe, SR 1970, 'Remote Monitoring and controlling system for a water purification plant', 2008 4TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INFORMATION AND AUTOMATION FOR SUSTAINABILITY (ICIAFS), 4th International Conference on Information and Automation for Sustainability, IEEE, Colombo, SRI LANKA, pp. 49-+.

Thalakotuna, DNP, Tilakaratne, TAT, Jayasinghe, YBMS, Silva, THKM & Munasinghe, SR 1970, 'Remote Monitoring and controlling system for a water purification plant', 2008 4th International Conference on Information and Automation for Sustainability, 2008 4th International Conference on Information and Automation for Sustainability (ICIAFS), IEEE, pp. 372-377.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

In this paper we are presenting a low cost, locally developed customized monitoring and controlling system for a water purification plant. This system can facilitate monitoring and controlling of the entire plant from a single location. Apart from the major functions of monitoring and controlling through a GUI, additional functionalities such as providing remote terminals to the management via a LAN, generating reports, keeping logs in historical database are provided through the system. © 2008 IEEE.

Thi, TH, Lu, S & Zhang, J 1970, 'Self-Calibration of Traffic Surveillance Camera using Motion Tracking', 2008 11th International IEEE Conference on Intelligent Transportation Systems, 2008 11th International IEEE Conference on Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITSC), IEEE, Beijing, China, pp. 304-309.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

A statistical and computer vision approach using tracked moving vehicle shapes for auto-calibrating traffic surveillance cameras is presented. Vanishing point of the traffic direction is picked up from Linear Regression of all tracked vehicle points. Pre

Thi, TH, Robert, K, Lu, S & Zhang, J 1970, 'Vehicle Classification at Nighttime Using Eigenspaces and Support Vector Machine', 2008 Congress on Image and Signal Processing, 2008 Congress on Image and Signal Processing, IEEE, Sanya, Hainan, pp. 422-426.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

A robust framework to classify vehicles in nighttime traffic using vehicle eigenspaces and support vector machine is presented. In this paper, a systematic approach has been proposed and implemented to classify vehicles from roadside camera video sequenc

Thongkam, J, Xu, G & Zhang, Y 1970, 'AdaBoost algorithm with random forests for predicting breast cancer survivability', 2008 IEEE International Joint Conference on Neural Networks (IEEE World Congress on Computational Intelligence), 2008 IEEE International Joint Conference on Neural Networks (IJCNN 2008 - Hong Kong), IEEE, Hong Kong, China, pp. 3062-3069.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Thongkam, J, Xu, G, Zhang, Y & Huang, F 1970, 'Support Vector Machine for Outlier Detection in Breast Cancer Survivability Prediction', Advanced Web and NetworkTechnologies, and Applications Lecture Notes in Computer Science, Asia Pacific Web Conference, Springer Berlin Heidelberg, Shenyang, China, pp. 99-109.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

Finding and removing misclassified instances are important steps in data mining and machine learning that affect the performance of the data mining algorithm in general. In this paper, we propose a C-Support Vector Classification Filter (C-SVCF) to identify and remove the misclassified instances (outliers) in breast cancer survivability samples collected from Srinagarind hospital in Thai- land, to improve the accuracy of the prediction models. Only instances that are correctly classified by the filter are passed to the learning algorithm. Perform- ance of the proposed technique is measured with accuracy and area under the re- ceiver operating characteristic curve (AUC), as well as compared with several popular ensemble filter approaches including AdaBoost, Bagging and ensemble of SVM with AdaBoost and Bagging filters. Our empirical results indicate that C-SVCF is an effective method for identifying misclassified outliers. This ap- proach significantly benefits ongoing research of developing accurate and robust prediction models for breast cancer survivability.

Tian, L, Yang, S, Yang, Y, Sun, Y, Shi, J & Dutkiewicz, E 1970, 'A Novel SFN Broadcast Services Selection Mechanism in Wireless Cellular Networks', 2008 IEEE Wireless Communications and Networking Conference, 2008 IEEE Wireless Communications and Networking Conference, IEEE, pp. 1974-1978.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

Single Frequency Networks (SFN) broadcast is an efficient method to provide broadcast services in cellular networks. How to select broadcast services by the SFN operation to trade off between the occupied bandwidth and the SFN performance including spectrum efficiency and broadcast service continuity is a new problem. To the best of our knowledge no solutions have been proposed to solve this problem so far in the literature. We define the problem of SFN broadcast services selection as a KNAPSACK problem and solve it to minimize the occupied bandwidth while at the same time guaranteeing the SFN performance. Based on the solution, several SFN broadcast services selection algorithms are proposed which vary in the reselection policy. Numerical results show that our proposed algorithms are applicable to different cases with different system requirements and in particular, that the Semi-Dynamic-SFN Broadcast services Selection Algorithm is an efficient solution in general. © 2008 IEEE.

Tran, BH, Au, A, Nguyen, ND, Clifton-Bligh, R, Center, JR, Eisman, JA & Nguyen, TV 1970, 'Prediction of Osteoporotic Fracture Risk by 25-hydroxyvitamin D-3-1 alpha-hydroxylase (CYP27B1) Gene.', JOURNAL OF BONE AND MINERAL RESEARCH, 30th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-for-Bone-and-Mineral-Research, WILEY-BLACKWELL, Montreal, CANADA, pp. S438-S438.

Tran, BH, Nguyen, ND, Center, JR, Eisman, JA & Nguyen, TV 1970, 'Prediction of Fracture Risk by LRP5 Gene Haplotype.', JOURNAL OF BONE AND MINERAL RESEARCH, 30th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-for-Bone-and-Mineral-Research, AMER SOC BONE & MINERAL RES, Montreal, CANADA, pp. S296-S296.

Tran, NN, Tuan, HD & Nguyen, HH 1970, 'Superimposed Training Designs for Spatially Correlated MIMO-OFDM Systems', IEEE GLOBECOM 2008 - 2008 IEEE Global Telecommunications Conference, IEEE GLOBECOM 2008 - 2008 IEEE Global Telecommunications Conference, IEEE, New Orleans, USA, pp. 1-6.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

Optimal training design and channel estimation for spatially correlated multiple-input multiple-output systems with orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (MIMO-OFDM) is still an open research topic of great interest. Only one asymptotic design for a

Tran, Q-NN, Beydoun, G, Low, G & Gonzalez-Perez, C 1970, 'Preliminary validation of MOBMAS (ontology-centric agent oriented methodology): Design of a peer-to-peer information sharing MAS', AGENT-ORIENTED INFORMATION SYSTEMS IV, 8th International Bi-Conference on Agent-Oriented Information Systems, SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN, Luxembourg, GERMANY, pp. 73-89.

Tran, TH, Ha, QP & IEEE 1970, 'Fast Algorithm for UGV Wheel-Terrain Interaction Analysis', 2008 10TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON CONTROL AUTOMATION ROBOTICS & VISION: ICARV 2008, VOLS 1-4, International Conference on Control, Automation, Robotics and Vision, IEEE, Hanoi, Vietnam, pp. 674-680.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

On-line prediction of unmanned ground vehicle (UGV) behaviour during interactions with terrain is essential for autonomous and safe operations of skid-steering UGVs. This paper presents a fast and accurate algorithm for a new interaction model to predict performance of a UGV running on a particular terrain. By approximating nonlinear relations involved in the interaction between the vehicle and terrain, a closed form of the interaction model is obtained to enable on-line computation. The minimum absolute error criteria are applied to secure accuracy for the proposed method. The development is compared with the other models in terms of both computation speed and accuracy. © 2008 IEEE.

Tran, Y, Wijesuryia, N, Thuraisingham, RA, Craig, A & Nguyen, HT 1970, 'Increase in regularity and decrease in variability seen in electroencephalography (EEG) signals from alert to fatigue during a driving simulated task', 2008 30th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, 2008 30th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, IEEE, Vancouver, Canada, pp. 1096-1099.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

Driver fatigue is a prevalent problem and a major risk for road safety accounting for approximately 20-40% of all motor vehicle accidents. One strategy to prevent fatigue related accidents is through the use of countermeasure devices. Research on countermeasure devices has focused on methods that detect physiological changes from fatigue, with the fast temporal resolution from brain signals, using the electroencephalogram (EEG) held as a promising technique. This paper presents the results of nonlinear analysis using sample entropy and second-order difference plots quantified by central tendency measure (CTM) on alert and fatigue EEG signals from a driving simulated task. Results show that both sample entropy and second-order difference plots significantly increases the regularity and decreases the variability of EEG signals from an alert to a fatigue state.

Tran, Y, Wijesuryia, N, Thuraisingham, RA, Craig, A & Nguyen, HT 1970, 'Increase in regularity and decrease in variability seen in electroencephalography (EEG) signals from alert to fatigue during a driving simulated task', Proceedings of the 30th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, EMBS'08 - 'Personalized Healthcare through Technology', pp. 1096-1099.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

Driver fatigue is a prevalent problem and a major risk for road safety accounting for approximately 20-40% of all motor vehicle accidents. One strategy to prevent fatigue related accidents is through the use of countermeasure devices. Research on countermeasure devices has focused on methods that detect physiological changes from fatigue, with the fast temporal resolution from brain signals, using the electroencephalogram (EEG) held as a promising technique. This paper presents the results of nonlinear analysis using sample entropy and second-order difference plots quantified by central tendency measure (CTM) on alert and fatigue EEG signals from a driving simulated task. Results show that both sample entropy and second-order difference plots significantly increases the regularity and decreases the variability of EEG signals from an alert to a fatigue state. © 2008 IEEE.

Trieu, HT, Nguyen, HT & Willey, K 1970, 'Advanced obstacle avoidance for a laser based wheelchair using optimised Bayesian neural networks', Proceedings of the 30th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, EMBS'08 - 'Personalized Healthcare through Technology', pp. 3463-3466.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

In this paper we present an advanced method of obstacle avoidance for a laser based intelligent wheelchair using optimized Bayesian neural networks. Three neural networks are designed for three separate sub-tasks: passing through a door way, corridor and wall following and general obstacle avoidance. The accurate usable accessible space is determined by including the actual wheelchair dimensions in a real-time map used as inputs to each networks. Data acquisitions are performed separately to collect the patterns required for specified sub-tasks. Bayesian frame work is used to determine the optimal neural network structure in each case. Then these networks are trained under the supervision of Bayesian rule. Experiment results showed that compare to the VFH algorithm our neural networks navigated a smoother path following a near optimum trajectory. © 2008 IEEE.

Trieu, HT, Nguyen, HT & Willey, K 1970, 'Shared control strategies for obstacle avoidance tasks in an intelligent wheelchair', Proceedings of the 30th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, EMBS'08 - 'Personalized Healthcare through Technology', pp. 4254-4257.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

In this paper we present a method of shared control strategy for an intelligent wheelchair to assist a disable user in performing obstacle avoidance tasks. The system detects obstacles in front of the wheelchair using a laser range finder sensor. As the wheelchair moves the information from the laser range finder is combined with data from the encoders mounted in its driving wheels to build a 360° real-time map. The accuracy of the map is improved by eliminating the systematic error that would result from both the uncertainty of effective wheelbase and unequal driving wheel diameters. The usable wheelchair accessible space is determined by including the actual wheelchair dimensions in producing the real-time map. In making a decision the shared control method considers the user's intentions via the head-movement interface, accessible space of the environment and user safety. The experiments show promising results in the intelligent wheelchair system. © 2008 IEEE.

Trieu, HT, Nguyen, HT, Willey, K & IEEE 1970, 'Advanced Obstacle Avoidance for a Laser Based Wheelchair Using Optimised Bayesian Neural Networks', 2008 30th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, Vols 1-8, IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society Annual Conference, IEEE, Vancouver, Canada, pp. 3463-3466.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

In this paper we present an advanced method of obstacle avoidance for a laser based intelligent wheelchair using optimized Bayesian neural networks. Three neural networks are designed for three separate sub-tasks: passing through a door way, corridor and wall following and general obstacle avoidance. The accurate usable accessible space is determined by including the actual wheelchair dimensions in a real-time map used as inputs to each networks. Data acquisitions are performed separately to collect the patterns required for specified sub-tasks. Bayesian frame work is used to determine the optimal neural network structure in each case. Then these networks are trained under the supervision of Bayesian rule. Experiment results showed that compare to the VFH algorithm our neural networks navigated a smoother path following a near optimum trajectory.

Trieu, HT, Nguyen, HT, Willey, K & IEEE 1970, 'Shared Control Strategies for Obstacle Avoidance Tasks in an Intelligent Wheelchair', 2008 30th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, Vols 1-8, IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society Annual Conference, IEEE, Vancouver, Canada, pp. 4254-4257.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

In this paper we present a method of shared control strategy for an intelligent wheelchair to assist a disable user in performing obstacle avoidance tasks. The system detects obstacles in front of the wheelchair using a laser range finder sensor. As the wheelchair moves the information from the laser range finder is combined with data from the encoders mounted in its driving wheels to build a 360 degrees real-time map. The accuracy of the map is improved by eliminating the systematic error that would result from both the uncertainty of effective wheelbase and unequal driving wheel diameters. The usable wheelchair accessible space is determined by including the actual wheelchair dimensions in producing the real-time map. In making a decision the shared control method considers the user's intentions via the head-movement interface, accessible space of the environment and user safety. The experiments show promising results in the intelligent wheelchair system.

Tsai, Y-S, Chung, I-F, Lin, C-T & Pal, NR 1970, 'Identification of Different Sets of Biomarkers for Diagnostic Classification of Cancers', NEURAL INFORMATION PROCESSING, PART II, 14th International Conference on Neural Information Processing (ICONIP 2007), Springer Berlin Heidelberg, Kitakyushu, JAPAN, pp. 866-875.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Tu, P, Huang, X & Dutkiewicz, E 1970, 'Adaptive filtering for selective subband transmission based on interference detection', Proceedings of the 1st ACM international workshop on Heterogeneous sensor and actor networks, MobiHoc08: The Ninth ACM International Symposium on Mobile Ad Hoc Networking and Computing, ACM, pp. 95-100.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

In a shared radio spectrum environment, multiple systems may interfere with each other. In this paper we propose an adaptive filtering method to suppress interference and select the most suitable subbands according to predetermined interference thresholds. Two methods to determine these interference thresholds in Gaussian and multipath fading channels are introduced. The adaptive filtering method enables a system to dynamically use frequency subbands with-out employing frequency hopping techniques. The flexible received signal bandwidth with difierent number of subbands provides great potential for systems to coexist with each other, resulting in higher spectrum utilization effciency. To verify the efiectiveness of the proposed adaptive filtering method, the system bit error rates (BERs) under difierent interference conditions are simulated and compared. © 2008 ACM.

Tu, P, Huang, X & Dutkiewicz, E 1970, 'Adaptive Subband Selection in OFDM-Based Cognitive Radios for Better System Coexistence', 2008 3rd International Conference on Cognitive Radio Oriented Wireless Networks and Communications (CrownCom 2008), 2008 3rd International Conference on Cognitive Radio Oriented Wireless Networks and Communications (CrownCom), IEEE, Singapore, SINGAPORE, pp. 1-6.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Tu, P, Huang, X & Dutkiewicz, E 1970, 'Subband Adaptive Filtering for Efficient Spectrum Utilization in Cognitive Radios', 2008 3rd International Conference on Cognitive Radio Oriented Wireless Networks and Communications (CrownCom 2008), 2008 3rd International Conference on Cognitive Radio Oriented Wireless Networks and Communications (CrownCom), IEEE, Singapore, SINGAPORE, pp. 1-4.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Tune, P & Veitch, D 1970, 'Towards optimal sampling for flow size estimation', Proceedings of the 8th ACM SIGCOMM conference on Internet measurement, IMC08: Internet Measurement Conference, ACM, ACM, pp. 243-256.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Valdés-Mora, F, del Pulgar, TG, Bandrés, E, Cejas, P, de Molina, AR, Pérez-Palacios, R, Gallego-Ortega, D, García-Cabezas, MA, García-Foncillas, J & Lacal, JC 1970, 'TWIST1 overexpression is associated with nodal invasion and male gender in primary colorectal cancer', European Journal of Cancer Supplements, 20th Meeting of the European-Association-for-Cancer-Research, Elsevier BV, Lyon, FRANCE, pp. 154-154.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Valls Miro, J 1970, 'Robot assisted urban search and rescue (USAR)', Emergency Management Conference: Rescue 08, Emergency Management Conference: Rescue 08, Emergency Services Foundation (ESF), Melbourne, Vic, Australia.

Valls Miro, J & Dissanayake, G 1970, 'Robotic 3D Visual Mapping for Augmented Situational Awareness in Unstructured Environments', Proceedings of the EURON/IARP International Workshop on Robotics for Risky Interventions and Surveillance of the Environment (RISE 2008), EURON/IARP Robotics for Risky Interventions and Surveillance of the Environment, University of Jaume I, Technical Report Colleccio e-Treballs d'Informatica i Technologia" Num. 4", Benicassim, Spain.

Vessalas, K, Ray, AS, Thomas, PS, Joyce, P & Haggman, J 1970, 'Characterisation of Portland cement blended with pitchstone fines aiding carbon dioxide emission reduction', Australasian Institute of Mining and Metallurgy Publication Series, International Congress for Applied Mineralogy, Australasian institute of mining & Metallurgy, Brisbane, pp. 255-258.
View description>>

Climate change and global wanning present a significant challenge as unsustainable levels of greenhouse gas emissions arising from human activities continue to be emitted. The cement industry is responsible for between five and ten per cent of annual world carbon dioxide emissions; most arising from the manufacture of Portland cement (PC). An effective way of reducing emissions is by incorporating supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs) as partial PC replacements. SCMs are silicate or aluminosilicate based pozzolanic materials which, in finely divided form, combine with water and calcium hydroxide (lime), liberated by cement hydration, to form compounds exhibiting cementitious properties. Pitchstone is such an aluminosilicate and has the potential to act as an effective pozzolan for partial replacement of PC. In North Queensland, Australia, a vast deposit of pitchstone is mined and processed for expandable perlite aggregate. During the classification stage of the excavated natural material, waste pitchstone fines (PF) less than 0.5 mm in size are generated. This study evaluates the waste PF as a viable, eco-friendly pozzolan for the partial replacement of PC. The reactivity of the PF is compared to fly ash (FA), using the pozzolanic compressive strength activity index (SAI) after seven, 28, and 91 days ageing at 20 per cent and 40 per cent PC substitutions. PF was found to be comparable to FA as a pozzolan at 20 per cent PC substitution at all ages tested. However, for the 40 per cent substitution blends significant strength was only achieved at 91 days ageing for the FA blend. The pozzolanic reactivity was also investigated using thermogravimetric analysis to determine the degree of free lime present after 91 days. In all cases where an SCM was added, the free lime was observed to be consumed with increasing age.

Voinov, A, Arctur, D, Zaslavskiy, I & Ali, S 1970, 'Community-based software tools to support participatory modelling: A vision', Proc Iemss 4th Biennial Meeting Int Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software Integrating Sciences and Information Technology for Environmental Assessment and Decision Making Iemss 2008, pp. 766-774.
View description>>

Environmental management depends on analysis of complex dynamics and spatial relationships of ecological and socio-economic systems. Modelling, when used to conduct such analyses, is recognized as an effective decision support tool in environmental management. Modelling conducted in a participatory fashion, involving stakeholders in various stages of model building and data processing has evolved as an efficient method for conflict resolution and decision-making. However, successful participatory modelling efforts require specific software and computer tools that are not available or accessible for stakeholders. There is a clear need for specialized modelling and data processing infrastructure that would allow comprehensive environmental simulations, based on limited computer programming skills, computer power, and data availability. We are developing a software framework of model and data modules to enable various stakeholders to tap into the recent and ongoing advances in environmental modelling, and high-quality data available on the Internet. The proposed framework would allow managers and planners to run simulations of policy scenarios and utilize state-of-the-art algorithms to develop and evaluate policy alternatives. The web-based modelling framework is based on the following components: A web-based domain-specific interface which facilitates the development, configuration, and execution of models applicable to region-specific watershed issues; A data-finder and transformer unique to the landscape modelling framework that lever-ages relevant Open GIS catalogue, RDF, and GRID resource discovery standards; A module composer that uses a module pool and guided composition of modules based on expert rules, which are either automatically acquired or input from human users, to guide the simulation-modelling process; and A semi-automatic model calibrator and verifier to deliver high quality simulation models. The framework's core components, i.e. model c...

Voinov, A, Zaslavskiy, I, Arctur, D, Duffy, C & Seppelt, R 1970, 'Community modelling, and data-model interoperability', Proc Iemss 4th Biennial Meeting Int Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software Integrating Sciences and Information Technology for Environmental Assessment and Decision Making Iemss 2008, pp. 2035-2050.
View description>>

Community modelling is a promising paradigm to develop complex evolving and adaptable modelling systems that can share methods, data and models more easily within specialized communities. Why then are cooperative modelling communities still quite rare and do not propagate easily? Why has open source been so successful for software development, yet open models are still quite exotic? One difference between software and models is that software shares some common language. Models often use very different principles, theories, and semantics. For example hydrodynamic models, ecological models, and decision support models may have limited commonalities, In these cases, the disciplinary problem being solved may be the impediment to communication and to development of effective community tools these principles to another; it becomes difficult for one model to talk to another one. Similar problems prevail in data operations, when data sets (which are also models of sort) are hard to integrate with other data. An issue of contemporary interest is how will community data and models be implemented within environmental observatories. The environmental observatory may are become the ultimate driver for advancing research with a clear need for interoperability standards and functionality. There are at least three facets to the problem: • Lack of common modelling and software tools to enable modularity and connectivity; • Insufficient community understanding or access to basic tools; • Lack of social motivation and communication skills to enable communal work and sharing environments. The goals of this paper are to explore these areas with respect to the following points: • Understand the interoperability needs of the community for data and models within a participatory and collaborative framework; • Discuss research scenarios that would benefit from interoperability and explore interoperability architecture and standards supporting these scenarios; • Explore environme...

Wan, S & Nguyen, HT 1970, 'Human computer interaction using hand gesture', Proceedings of the 30th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, EMBS'08 - 'Personalized Healthcare through Technology', pp. 2357-2360.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

Hand gesture is a very natural form of human interaction and can be used effectively in human computer interaction (HCI). This project involves the design and implementation of a HCI using a small hand-worn wireless module with a 3-axis accelerometer as the motion sensor. The small stand-alone unit contains an accelerometer and a wireless Zigbee transceiver with microcontroller. To minimize intrusiveness to the user, the module is designed to be small (3cm by 4 cm). A time-delay neural network algorithm is developed to analyze the time series data from the 3-axis accelerometer. Power consumption is reduced by the noncontinuous transmission of data and the use of low-power components, efficient algorithm and sleep mode between sampling for the wireless module. A home control interface is designed so that the user can control home appliances by moving through menus. The results demonstrate the feasibility of controlling home appliances using hand gestures and would present an opportunity for a section of the aging population and disabled people to lead a more independent life. © 2008 IEEE.

Wan, S & Nguyen, HT 1970, 'Human computer interaction using hand gesture', 2008 30th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, 2008 30th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, IEEE, Vancouver, Canada, pp. 2357-2360.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

Hand gesture is a very natural form of human interaction and can be used effectively in human computer interaction (HCI). This project involves the design and implementation of a HCI using a small hand-worn wireless module with a 3-axis accelerometer as the motion sensor. The small stand-alone unit contains an accelerometer and a wireless Zigbee transceiver with microcontroller. To minimize intrusiveness to the user, the module is designed to be small (3cm by 4 cm). A time-delay neural network algorithm is developed to analyze the time series data from the 3-axis accelerometer. Power consumption is reduced by the non-continuous transmission of data and the use of low-power components, efficient algorithm and sleep mode between sampling for the wireless module. A home control interface is designed so that the user can control home appliances by moving through menus. The results demonstrate the feasibility of controlling home appliances using hand gestures and would present an opportunity for a section of the aging population and disabled people to lead a more independent life.

Wang Jian-zhou, Zhu Su-ling, Sun Dong-huai & Lu Hai-yan 1970, 'Combining principal component analysis and fuzzy cluster analysis for China's oil security', 2nd International Symposium on Information Technologies and Applications in Education (ISITAE 2008), 2nd International Symposium on Information Technologies and Applications in Education (ISITAE 2008), IEE, Xiamen, China, pp. 287-292.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

It is significant to evaluate the situations of oil security for taking national oil security measures, because very important relationships exist between the oil security and the national security. A novel combined method is presented in this paper, which is based on using principal component analysis (PCA) and fuzzy cluster analysis (FCA) modeling. It is used for assessing oil security. In this paper, the data of 13 years is taken as sample and 10 indexes are selected to constitute an evaluation system for oil security. PCA is used for reducing the dimensions of indexes, and the new indexes are formed for oil security. Then FCA is used for classifying the 13 samples. At last a dialed analysis is made and some suggestions are put forward to ensure oil security.

Wang Zhengguang, Jin Jianxun, Guo Youguang, Zhan Yuedong & Zhu Jianguo 1970, 'Modeling and simulation of PMSM control system based on SVPWM', 2008 27th Chinese Control Conference, 2008 Chinese Control Conference (CCC), IEEE, Kunming, China, pp. 724-728.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

The paper introduces the basic principle of space vector pulse width modulation simply and expatiates a method for implementing space vector pulse width modulation in detail based on MATLAB/SIMULINK, designs modeling and simulation of AC servo system with PMSM (Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor), the simulation results show that the model is effective, and the method provides a base for both software and hardware design of an actual PMSM.

Wang, D, Liu, DK, Kwok, NM, Waldron, KJ & IEEE 1970, 'A Subgoal-Guided Force Field Method for Robot Navigation', PROCEEDINGS OF 2008 IEEE/ASME INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON MECHATRONIC AND EMBEDDED SYSTEMS AND APPLICATIONS, American Society of Mechanical Engineering, IEEE, Beijing China, pp. 488-493.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

Motion planning and collision avoidance functionality are crucial attributes to the successful deployment of mobile robots. This research analyzes some shortcomings of the canonical F2 method and then presents Subgoal-Guided Force-Field (SGF2) method to mitigate these drawbacks. In the proposed approach, a robot identifies openings in an environment in front of itself on the basis of sensor data. The midpoints of these openings are determined and selected as subgoal candidates. A cost function is then utilized to evaluate their suitability. One subgoal is then chosen and used by the F2 method to generate a steering force which will drive the robot to the subgoal. The subgoal is continuously updated from real-time sensor data until the global goal is reached. Simulations are carried out to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach. © 2008 IEEE.

Wang, J, Che, J, Liang, J & Lu, H 1970, 'A Fuzzy Pattern Recognition System Based on SOM Clustering and RBF Neural Networks for Prediction', Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Information Collection and Data Disposal.

Wang, J, Garratt, M, Lambert, A, Wang, JJ, Han, S & Sinclair, D 1970, 'Integration of GPS/INS/VISION sensors to navigate unmanned aerial vehicles', International Archives of the Photogrammetry Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences ISPRS Archives, pp. 963-969.
View description>>

This paper presents an integrated GPS/INS/Vision navigation system for Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs). A CCD (Charge- Coupled Device) video camera and laser rangefinder (LRF) based vision system, combined with inertial sensors, provides the information on the vertical and horizontal movements of the UAV (helicopter) relative to the ground, which is critical for the safety of UAV operations. Two Kalman filers have been designed to operate separately to provide a reliable check on the navigation solutions. When GPS signals are available, the GPS measurements are used to update the error states in the two Kalman filters, in order to estimate the INS sensors, LRF and optic flow modelling errors, and provide redundant navigation solutions. With the corrected measurements from the vision system, the UAV's relative movements relative to the ground are then estimated continuously, even during GPS signal blockages. The modelling strategies and the data fusion procedure for this sensor integration scenario are discussed with some numerical analysis results, demonstrating the potential performance of the proposed triple integration.

Wang, J, Wang, H, Sun, D & Lu, H 1970, 'Ontology-based assembly design and information sharing for supply chain information', 38th International Conference on Computers and Industrial Engineering 2008, Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences, Organizing committee of the 38th International Conference on Computers and Industrial Engineering, Beijing, China, pp. 1220-1226.
View description>>

Nowadays, supply chain information is increasingly used by many entities around the world. Then, the need of sharing information from different sources is an obvious consequence from such proliferation of systems. Unfortunately, integrating supply chain information is not a trivial issue, because data and knowledge exchange among users of supply chain information systems presents many challenges. We must deal with the heterogeneity problem, which increase complexity of integration approaches. This paper discusses issues related to the use of ontologies in the development of supply chain information systems and proposes the creation of software components from diverse ontologies as a way to share data and supply chain information. Copyright© (2008) by Computers & Industrial Engineering.

Wang, J, Wang, Y, Sun, D & Lu, H 1970, 'Supply Chain Safety Stock Quantity's Fractal Forecast and Study', 2008 4th International Conference on Wireless Communications, Networking and Mobile Computing, 2008 4th International Conference on Wireless Communications, Networking and Mobile Computing (WiCOM), IEEE, Dalian, China, pp. 1-4.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

Safety stock, a very important composing of the stock management, which is significant for reducing the cost and increasing interests for an enterprise, is the base of the setting of enterprise's stocks, so it is crucial for stock management to presume a rational and exact SS. In this paper, introducing fractal theory, a new method based on the fractal collage theorem and the iterative process of fractal interpolation functions was proposed to forecast the safety stock. Based on the fractal collage theorem, it uses the iterated function system whose attractor is close to the historical data to establish the fractional function, and set the forecasting model proposed according to the iterative process of fractional function. Then by an example the rationality and reliability of this method is verified, and the result show that it is helpful indeed to set the reasonable safety stock for enterprise.

Wang, J, Zhu, W, Sun, D & Lu, H 1970, 'Application of SVM Combined with Mackov Chain for Inventory Prediction in Supply Chain', 2008 4th International Conference on Wireless Communications, Networking and Mobile Computing, 2008 4th International Conference on Wireless Communications, Networking and Mobile Computing (WiCOM), IEEE, Dalian, China, pp. 1-4.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

The aim of this paper is to predict the inventory of the relevant upstream enterprises in supply chain. The support vector machine, a novel artificial intelligence-based method developed from statistical learning theory, is adopted herein to establish a short-term stage forecasting model. However, take the fact into account that demand signal is affected by variant random factors and behaves big uncertainty, the predicted accuracy of SVM is not approving when the data show great randomness. It is obligatory that we present Markov chain to improve the predicted accuracy of SVM. This combined model takes advantage of the high predictable power of SVM model and at the same time take advantage of the prediction power of Markov chain modeling on the discrete states based on the SVM modeling residual sequence. Then we use the statistical data of the output of the gasoline of China from Feb-06 to Dec-07 for a validation of the effectiveness of the above model.

Wang, JC-P, Franklin, DR, Abolhasan, M, Safaei, F & IEEE 1970, 'Characterising the Interactions Between Unicast and Broadcast in IEEE 802.11 Ad Hoc Networks', ATNAC: 2008 AUSTRALASIAN TELECOMMUNICATION NETWOKS AND APPLICATIONS CONFERENCE, ATNAC 2008, In Australasian Telecommunications Networking and Application Conference (ATNAC), Adelaide, SA, pp. 180-185.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

This paper investigates the relative performance of unicast and broadcast traffic traversing a one-hop ad hoc network utilising the 802.11 DCF. An extended Markov model has been developed and validated through computer simulation, which successfully predicts the respective performance of unicast and broadcast in a variety of mixed traffic scenarios. Under heavy network traffic conditions, a significant divergence is seen to develop between the performance of the two traffic classes - in particular, when network becomes saturated, unicast traffic is effectively given higher precedence over broadcast. As a result, the network becomes dominated by unicast frames, leading to poor rates of broadcast frame delivery.

Wang, J-Z, Che, J-X, Liang, J-Z & Lu, H 1970, 'Research on Real Estate Early Warning System Based on Decision Tree and Fuzzy Recognition Theory', 2008 Fifth International Conference on Fuzzy Systems and Knowledge Discovery, 2008 Fifth International Conference on Fuzzy Systems and Knowledge Discovery (FSKD), IEEE, Jinan, PEOPLES R CHINA, pp. 414-418.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Wang, J-Z, Wen, J-N, Sun, D-H & Lu, H-Y 1970, 'Detecting and Disposing Abnormal Signal Outliers with Masking Effect by Using Data Accumulated Generating Operation', 2008 Congress on Image and Signal Processing, 2008 Congress on Image and Signal Processing, IEEE, Hainan, pp. 426-430.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

In this paper, we study a signal processing problem which concentrates on outlier detection and data mining in order to rediscover some useful information. Moreover, the great difficulty of the subject is caused by both the external environment and the internal mechanism. In the external, owing to limit of impersonal condition, such as, realistic disturbance from noise signal can not avoid. In the internal, the masking effect appears in outlying observation so as to produce some unreasonable results by data analysis. Therefore, based not only on the requirement of external quality assurance schemes, but also on internal quality control where screening for outliers should probably be part of the procedure for our main goal. As a consequence, we have applied data accumulated generating operation and sample median test for solving the conundrum. © 2008 IEEE.

Wang, L, Su, SW, Chan, GSH, Celler, BG, Cheng, TA & Savkin, AV 1970, 'Nonlinear modeling of cardiovascular response to exercise', BIOSIGNALS 2008: PROCEEDINGS OF THE FIRST INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON BIO-INSPIRED SYSTEMS AND SIGNAL PROCESSING, VOL 1, International Conference on Bio-inspired Systems and Signal Processing, Institute for Systems and Technologies of Information, Madeira, Portugal, pp. 40-46.

Wang, S, Guo, N, Ren, Z, Qiu, J, Zhu, JG, Guo, Y & Wang, Y 1970, 'Development of finite element analysis package for induction machines', 2008 Australasian Universities Power Engineering Conference Aupec 2008, Australasian Universities Power Engineering Conference, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia, pp. 1-6.
View description>>

In this paper, a software package of finite element (FE) analysis for induction machines is presented. The back-EMF in windings is expressed by magnetic vector potential, which is used to couple with transient finite element analysis. The equations of drive circuit and rotor bars are described by loop circuit equations. The pre-processing and post-processing of this package are developed based on AutoCAD. The FE model and some machine parameters can be input by friendly graphical user interfaces. The calculated magnetic field distribution and transient results can be shown in AutoCAD or graphical interfaces. © 2008 Australasian Universities Power Engineering Conference (AUPEC'08).

Wang, S, Liu, X, Qiu, J, Zhu, JG, Guo, Y & Lin, ZW 1970, 'Robust Optimization in HTS Cable Based on DEPSO and Design for Six Sigma', 2008 IEEE Industry Applications Society Annual Meeting, 2008 IEEE Industry Applications Society Annual Meeting (IAS), IEEE, Edmonton, Canada, pp. 1-5.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

The non-uniform AC current distribution among the multi-layer conductors in a high-temperature superconducting (HTS) cable reduces the current capacity and increases the AC loss. In this paper, Particle swarm optimization coupled with differential evolution operator (DEPSO) has been applied in structural optimization of HTS cables. While the existence of fluctuation in design variables or operation conditions has a great influence on the cable quality, in order to eliminate the effects of parameter perturbations in design and improve the design efficiency, a robust design method based on design for six sigma (DFSS) is applied in this paper. The optimization solutions show that the proposed optimization procedure can not only achieve a uniform current distribution, but also improve significantly the reliability and robustness of the HTS cable quality. © 2008 IEEE.

Wang, S, Liu, X, Qiu, J, Zhu, JG, Guo, Y & Lin, ZW 1970, 'Robust Optimization in HTS Cable Based on DEPSO and Design for Six Sigma', 2008 IEEE INDUSTRY APPLICATIONS SOCIETY ANNUAL MEETING, VOLS 1-5, IEEE Industry-Applications-Society Annual Meeting, IEEE, Alberta, CANADA, pp. 2507-+.

Wang, Y & Ye, G 1970, 'Joint Random Fields for Moving Vehicle Detection', Procedings of the British Machine Vision Conference 2008, British Machine Vision Conference 2008, British Machine Vision Association, pp. 2.1-2.10.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Wang, Y, Li, J, Samali, B & Choi, EC 1970, 'A new non-destructive damage detection method for reinforced concrete beams based on modal strain energy', Futures in Mechanics of Structures and Materials - Proceedings of the 20th Australasian Conference on the Mechanics of Structures and Materials, ACMSM20, Australasian Conference on the Mechanics of Structures and Materials, CRC Press, Toowoomba, pp. 773-779.
View description>>

This paper presents a new non-destructive damage detection algorithm to predict locations and severities of damage in concrete beams based on modal strain energy. The new method only relies on the measured mode shapes from damaged and undamaged states. Furthermore, theoretical development of the new method requires only a simple assumption, that is, structural mass invariability before and after damage. After brief introduction of the new method, Finite Element (FE) models of RC beam are constructed. Structural vibration response time histories of RC beam models are obtained from transient analysis under impact loading. To simulate real life applications, various levels of noise are added to the response time histories. The results from both numerical work and experimental work show that the new method is not only sensitive to damage, but also simple and robust in locating and estimating the severity of damage. © 2009 Taylor & Francis Group, London.

Wang, Y, Zhu, XQ, Hao, H & Ou, JP 1970, 'Identification of prestress force in concrete beams by finite element model updating', Proceedings of the 10th International Symposium on Structural Engineering for Young Experts Isseye 2008, 10th International Symposium on Structural Engineering for Young Experts, SCIENCE PRESS BEIJING, Hunan Univ, Changsha, PEOPLES R CHINA, pp. 1477-1482.
View description>>

This paper presents a numerical study of finite element model updating to identify prestress force in a concrete beam. A finite element model for prestressed and reinforced concrete beam is developed. A newly developed optimization method, Clonal Selection Algorithm (CSA), is adopted for model updating calculations. Several objective functions, defined in terms of the static response, vibration frequencies of the beam, changes in the vibration frequencies, or the weighted combination of the static response and vibration frequencies, are used for finite element model updating. It is found that the changes in the vibration frequencies, among the four considered objective functions, give the best identification results of the prestress force in the beam. By smearing the vibration frequencies with different level of noises, the updating still successfully identified the prestress force. Numerical simulations demonstrate to the reliability of the method in identifying the prestress force in concrete beams.

Wang, Y, Zhu, XQ, Hao, H & Ou, JP 1970, 'Modelling and detecting of additional mass in pipes by the spectral element method', Proceedings of the 10th International Symposium on Structural Engineering for Young Experts Isseye 2008, 10th International Symposium on Structural Engineering for Young Experts, SCIENCE PRESS BEIJING, Hunan Univ, Changsha, PEOPLES R CHINA, pp. 1471-1476.
View description>>

A spectral element is developed to study the guided wave propagation along a pipe. A damage model characterizing additional mass is incorporated into the formulation of the spectral finite element that is used for damage detection of pipes. Experimental tests are carried out on a steel pipe with embedded piezoelectric elements to check the performance of the proposed model and algorithm. Parametric studies are performed to evaluate the effect of different additional masses on wave propagation in pipes. Numerical simulations and experimental results show that the method is effective to model wave propagation along the steel pipe and promising to detect the location and magnitude of the additional mass on the pipe.

Wang, Z, Dissanayake, G & IEEE 1970, 'Observability Analysis of SLAM Using Fisher Information Matrix', 2008 10TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON CONTROL AUTOMATION ROBOTICS & VISION: ICARV 2008, VOLS 1-4, 10th International Conference on Control, Automation, Robotics and Vision, IEEE, Hanoi, VIETNAM, pp. 1242-1247.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Wassermann, J & Parnell, J 1970, 'The art of noise communication', Annual Conference of the Australian Acoustical Society AAS 08, pp. 215-221.
View description>>

Since Roman times, there have been continual attempts to mitigate the impacts of noise, and it is the assessment, understanding, communication and management of noise impacts that has provided the challenge for all involved in the process of reducing the impacts of noise. It is however, the communication of noise impacts to those who are, or potentially will be impacted that is often given the least consideration and is done in an ad hoc and inconsistent way. The following paper examines the key aspects of noise communication and attempts to provide a summary of current practice and suggest strategies for improving the communication of information on noise so that it achieves the best outcomes. There is an examination of the statement by Paul Schomer (2005) that while good public relations may result in a 5 dB bonus (US EPA, 1974) the converse is also true, with bad public relations equivalent to a 5 dB penalty. The authors also discuss the merit of adopting multiple assessment criteria and introduce the concept of a risk based approach to communicating the noise impact message.

Watterson, PA 1970, 'An Electric Assist Bicycle Drive with Automatic Continuously Variable Transmission', ICEMS 2008: PROCEEDINGS OF THE 11TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ELECTRICAL MACHINES AND SYSTEMS, VOLS 1- 8, International Conference on Electrical Machines and Systems, IEEE, Wuhan, China, pp. 2992-2997.
View description>>

An automatic hybrid bicycle drive, combining human power and electric assistance via an electronic continuously variable transmission (e-CVT), is investigated. A trial design is given for a drive combining two planetary gears and two motor/generators in the rear hub. The motors are nested coaxially and the fixed chain ratio is selected so that the motor volumes are in proportion to their rated torques. As well as requiring no gear-changing, the system should achieve high regenerative braking capability, high efficiency and low maintenance.

Watterson, PA, Savvides, N & Lovatt, HC 1970, 'Large Deformation Plate Bending with Application to Solar Collectors', Third International Solar Energy Society Conference - Asia-Pacific Region, Sydney, International Solar Energy Society Conference, International Solar Energy Society, Sydney, Australia, pp. 1-10.
View description>>

In a typical trough solar collector, a reflective sheet is shaped by a set of ribs with parabolic cutouts. This paper proposes the alternative simple construction method of pushing a thin elastic plate inwards on opposite edges, allowing the plate to adopt its minimum bending energy shape. Analytical solutions are derived for the shape, parameterised by the tangent angle at the plate edges. The limiting shape for a small bend is shown to be a cosine, even up to 15o edge angle. For edge angle between 40o and 52o, the shape is remarkably close to a parabola, differing by less than 2% of the shape height. Measured profiles of a thin metal strip accurately follow the analytic curves see figure below. The ability of the shape to focus parallel light by reflection is assessed. For circular section collectors, the maximum concentration factor (trough width to collector diameter catching all reflected light) is 26 for edge angle 53o and the collector centre dropped by 0.163 of the trough width. For planar collectors, the maximum factor is not as high, only 8.2, achieved in the small bend limit with the collector well above the trough. The results are also relevant to solar trough collectors shaped by ribs, since minimum distortion between the ribs will be obtained by using edge compression and edge angles in the range around 35o 55o, to give a free shape which is close to parabolic, thus needing minimal tuning by the ribs

Watterson, PA, Wu, W, Kalan, BA, Lovatt, HC, Prout, G, Dunlop, JB & Collocott, SJ 1970, 'A Switched-Reluctance Motor/Generator for Mild Hybrid Vehicles', ICEMS 2008: PROCEEDINGS OF THE 11TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ELECTRICAL MACHINES AND SYSTEMS, VOLS 1- 8, International Conference on Electrical Machines and Systems, IEEE, Wuhan, China, pp. 2808-2813.
View description>>

An optimised switched reluctance motor/generator for a mild hybrid electric vehicle is reported. The machine is designed to fit over a torque converter with no addition to the drive train length, while eliminating the starter motor, alternator and flywheel. Measured static torque shows excellent agreement with the torque calculated by finite element analysis. The initial starting torque specification of 300 Nm for given input electrical power is exceeded 350 Nm is possible for the available 6.0 kW copper loss, representing 26.5 kNm/m3. The effect of a two-step air-gap is examined and found to enable a slight drop in the three-phase torque variability.

Wei, DB & Jiang, ZY 1970, 'Modelling of nanocrack evolution in body-centred-cubic iron', Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Engineering Computational Technology.
View description>>

Cracking is not a 'reversible' operation, but the very small crack may be healed if the maximum temperature of the heat-treatment is sufficient to bring the atoms on either side of the crack to within a mutual range by thermal agitation. In this paper, a molecular dynamics model was developed to investigate the nanocrack healing process in BCC Fe not only at elevated temperature but also under compressive stress. The nanocrack in BCC Fe crystal can be healed completely at 1173K in4.5ps or healed under compressive stress at loading rate ΔKI=0.025MPa m1/2/ps in 30ps. Dislocations and voids appear during healing and their positions change continuously. In the case of heating, the distribution of the defects in the cell is not homogenous. In the case of loading, most defects can be found in the area of the original crack. © 2008 Civil-Comp Press.

Wei, DB, Jiang, ZY, Lu, C, Tang, YD & Tieu, AK 1970, 'Effect of Surface Texture on Deformation Behavior of Asperity in Cold Metal Forming', Frontiers In Materials Science And Technology, International Conference on Frontiers in Materials Science and Technology, Trans Tech Publications Ltd., Brisbane, AUSTRALIA, pp. 185-188.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

It was impossible to obtain the transverse friction along the strip width in most previous studies of cold strip rolling because the surface roughness lays were assumed to be vertical to the rolling direction. In this study, several types of oblique roughness textures were manufactured on aluminum samples and compression tests were carried out to obtain the effect of different textures on the deformation behavior of surface asperity. Different surface textures resulted in very different peak value of stress. It was found that stress was high and changed dramatically at the initial compression stage but tended to be stable when the total reduction increased. The asperity of which the top angle is 160 degrees showed relatively high resistance to deformation.

Wei, DB, Jiang, ZY, Lu, C, Tang, YD & Tieu, AK 1970, 'Effect of Surface Texture on Deformation Behavior of Asperity in Cold Metal Forming', Advanced Materials Research, International Conference on Frontiers in Materials Science and Technology, Trans Tech Publications, Ltd., Queensland Univ Technol, Brisbane, AUSTRALIA, pp. 185-188.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

It was impossible to obtain the transverse friction along the strip width in mostprevious studies of cold strip rolling because the surface roughness lays were assumed to be verticalto the rolling direction. In this study, several types of oblique roughness textures were manufacturedon aluminum samples and compression tests were carried out to obtain the effect of differenttextures on the deformation behavior of surface asperity. Different surface textures resulted in verydifferent peak value of stress. It was found that stress was high and changed dramatically at theinitial compression stage but tended to be stable when the total reduction increased. The asperity ofwhich the top angle is 160° showed relatively high resistance to deformation.

Wei-Chung Huang, Shao-Hang Hung, Jen-Feng Chung, Meng-Hsiu Chang, Lan-Da Van & Chin-Teng Lin 1970, 'FPGA implementation of 4-channel ICA for on-line EEG signal separation', 2008 IEEE Biomedical Circuits and Systems Conference, 2008 IEEE Biomedical Circuits and Systems Conference - Intelligent Biomedical Systems (BioCAS), IEEE, Baltimore, MD, pp. 65-68.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Wen, H, Lin, C, Ren, F, Yang, H, He, T & Dutkiewicz, E 1970, 'Joint Adaptive Redundancy and Partial Retransmission for Reliable Transmission in Wireless Sensor Networks', 2008 IEEE International Performance, Computing and Communications Conference, 2008 IEEE International Performance Computing and Communications Conference (IPCCC), IEEE, pp. 303-310.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

As a potentially competitive technique, erasure coding has been employed in wireless sensor networks (WSNs) to enhance transmission reliability. In this paper, to design a practical and efficient redundancy mechanism in WSNs, we firstly provide a theoretical study of packet delivery probability and average energy consumption for retransmission and redundancy mechanisms. The theoretical results indicate that in WSNs, the adaptive redundancy coding mechanism is more energy efficient than retransmission while keeping the same level of reliability in most scenarios. Then based on the mapping table and two basic design principles obtained from the theoretical analysis, we propose a reliable transport protocol ARRTP which combines the adaptive redundancy mechanism and partial retransmission. The simulation and trace-driven results both verify that when the loss probability varies from low to high, our protocol provides reliability with comparably lower energy consumption. Furthermore, compared with fixed redundancy degrees, the robustness of the adaptive mechanism are also evaluated. © 2008 IEEE.

Wen, JN, Wang, JZ & Lu, HY 1970, 'An improved new approach for electric capacity forecasting based on historical data of GDP', 2008 3rd IEEE Conference on Industrial Electronics and Applications, 2008 3rd IEEE Conference on Industrial Electronics and Applications (ICIEA), IEEE, Singapore, pp. 2487-2491.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

Prediction is important for the electricity capacity management. Accurate prediction can help the policymaker make correct decision and promote the decision making quality. For improving an accuracy of prediction, in this paper, we adopt the theory of Grey prediction to develop a new forecasting approach that integrates historical data of the gross domestic products (GDP) into an electric capacity forecasting. We adopted Grey prediction as a forecasting means because of its fast calculation with as few as four data inputs needed. As a result, our study considered that Wu and Chen proposed a modeling method of the improved grey relational analysis and main shows that the general Grey model, GM (1, 1), which is an especial case, is adequate to handle an electrical power system. In this study, the prediction is improved significantly by applying the transformed Grey model and the concept of average system slope. The adaptive value of a in the Grey differential equation is obtained quickly with the average system slope technique. In such a way, the wastage of electric consumption can be avoided. That is, it is another achievement of virtual electric power plant. ©2008 IEEE.

Wen, S, Zeng, Z & Zeng, L 1970, 'Robust Stability of Switched Recurrent Neural Networks with Discrete and Distributed Delays under Uncertainty', ADVANCES IN NEURAL NETWORKS - ISNN 2008, PT 2, PROCEEDINGS, 5th International Symposium on Neural Networks, Springer Berlin Heidelberg, Beijing, PEOPLES R CHINA, pp. 720-729.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Wenjun Zhang, Lin Gui, Wenfeng Ma, Bo Liu & Jian Xiong 1970, 'The television broadcasting network of Chinese High Speed Railway', 2008 IEEE International Symposium on Broadband Multimedia Systems and Broadcasting, 2008 IEEE International Symposium on Broadband Multimedia Systems and Broadcasting (BMSB), IEEE, Las Vegas, NV, pp. 1-4.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Westra, S & Ball, JE 1970, 'On the propogation of errors in catchment modelling systems', Website Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Urban Drainage, International Conference on Urban Drainage, ICUD, Edinburgh, UK, pp. 1-10.
View description>>

The application of catchment modelling systems is now a common approach for management of catchments. Fundamental to the application of a catchment modelling system is the calibration and validation of the many control parameters used to ensure that the predicted catchment response adequately reproduces the actual catchment response. The calibration process, in general, consists of the systematic variation of control parameter values until a set of values is obtained that results in the adequate reproduction of the recorded catchment response. While this systematic variation may be undertaken manually, there have been a number of automatic calibration techniques which are based on the minimisation of differences between the predicted and recorded catchment response. Implicit in many of these techniques is the assumption that the residuals (ie variation between the predicted and the recorded catchment response) are independent, homoscedastic and normally distributed. Presented herein are the results of an investigation into these assumptions using the Powells Creek catchment in Sydney, Australia as a test catchment. It was found that these assumptions were not achievable on this typical catchment, and therefore a range of possible corrective measures were reviewed and tested. Results obtained from testing of these possible corrective measures are presented also.

Wijesuriya, N, Tran, Y, Thuraisingham, RA, Nguyen, HT & Craig, A 1970, 'Effects of mental fatigue on 8&#x2013;13Hz brain activity in people with spinal cord injury', 2008 30th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, 2008 30th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, IEEE, Vancouver, Canada, pp. 5716-5719.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

Brain computer interfaces (BCIs) can be implemented into assistive technologies to provide âhands-freeâ control for the severely disabled. BCIs utilise voluntary changes in oneâs brain activity as a control mechanism to control devices in the personâs immediate environment. Performance of BCIs could be adversely affected by negative physiological conditions such as fatigue and altered electrophysiology commonly seen in spinal cord injury (SCI). This study examined the effects of mental fatigue from an increase in cognitive demand on the brain activity of those with SCI. Results show a trend of increased alpha (8-13Hz) activity in able-bodied controls after completing a set of cognitive tasks. Conversely, the SCI group showed a decrease in alpha activity due to mental fatigue. Results suggest that the brain activity of SCI persons are altered in its mechanism to adjust to mental fatigue. These altered brain conditions need to be addressed when using BCIs in clinical populations such as SCI. The findings have implications for the improvement of BCI technology.

Wijesuriya, N, Tran, Y, Thuraisingham, RA, Nguyen, HT & Craig, A 1970, 'Effects of mental fatigue on 8-13Hz brain activity in people with spinal cord injury', Proceedings of the 30th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, EMBS'08 - 'Personalized Healthcare through Technology', pp. 5716-5719.
View description>>

Brain computer interfaces (BCIs) can be implemented into assistive technologies to provide 'hands-free' control for the severely disabled. BCIs utilise voluntary changes in one's brain activity as a control mechanism to control devices in the person's immediate environment. Performance of BCIs could be adversely affected by negative physiological conditions such as fatigue and altered electrophysiology commonly seen in spinal cord injury (SCI). This study examined the effects of mental fatigue from an increase in cognitive demand on the brain activity of those with SCI. Results show a trend of increased alpha (8-13Hz) activity in able-bodied controls after completing a set of cognitive tasks. Conversely, the SCI group showed a decrease in alpha activity due to mental fatigue. Results suggest that the brain activity of SCI persons are altered in its mechanism to adjust to mental fatigue. These altered brain conditions need to be addressed when using BCIs in clinical populations such as SCI. The findings have implications for the improvement of BCI technology © 2008 IEEE.

Willey, K & Gardner, A 1970, 'Using self assessment to integrate graduate attribute development with discipline content delivery', Proceedings of 36th European Society for Engineering Education Sefi Conference on Quality Assessment Employability and Innovation, Annual Conference of European Society for Engineering Education, Sense Publishers, Aalborg, Denmark, pp. 1-9.
View description>>

Professionals, in addition to being technically competent, require skills of collaboration, communication and the ability to work in teams [1,2]. There is a reported competency gap between these skills required by employers and those developed by students during their undergraduate courses [3,4]. In response to this gap Universities have introduced graduate attributes which their students should develop during the course of their degree. Some of these attributes are discipline specific, others are generic to all professions. Generic attributes include teamwork skills, being able to think both critically and independently, being able to critically appraise their work and the work of others, and an appreciation of the need and value of critical reflection in one's academic, personal, and professional life. The development of all these attributes can be promoted by employing self and peer assessment. Thoughtful use provides opportunities to practise, develop, assess and provide feedback on these attributes and develop students' judgement [5] even within subjects where traditional discipline content is taught. Our research involves using two assessment metrics produced from confidential student self and peer evaluations. These metrics are shared between all group members in structured feedback sessions several times a semester. This allows students to identify their individual strengths and weaknesses and address any competency gaps in their development. These metrics also allow progress to be assessed not only within a single subject but throughout an entire degree program.

Willey, K & Gardner, AP 1970, 'Improvements in the self and peer assessment tool SPARK: do they improve learning outcomes?', ATN Assessment Conference 2008: Engaging Students in Assessment, ATN Assessment Conference, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, pp. 1-9.

Willey, K & Gardner, AP 1970, 'The effectiveness of using self and peer assessment in short courses: Does it improve learning?', 19th Annual Conference Australasian Association for Engineering Education: Program and Proceedings, Annual Conference of Australasian Association for Engineering Education, Engineers Australia, Yeppoon, Queensland, pp. 1-6.
View description>>

The authors have previously reported the effectiveness of using self and peer assessment to improve learning outcomes. Its thoughtful use provides opportunities to practise, assess and provide feedback on students graduate attribute development. Our previous research has shown that it is beneficial for teams to use self and peer assessment multiple times a semester to produce regular feedback allowing students to reflect on their performance, then put into practice what they have learned to improve their future performance and overall grade. In this paper we report our investigation as to whether the use of self and peer assessment produces similar benefits in a short-course where teams rather than staying the same, change for different assessment tasks.

Willey, K & Gardner, AP 1970, 'Using self and peer assessment for professional and team skill development: do well functioning teams experience all the benefits?', ATN Assessment Conference 2008: Engaging Students in Assessment, ATN Assessment Conference, University of South Australia, Adelaide, pp. 1-9.

Willey, K, Jarman, R & Gardner, AP 1970, 'Redeveloping Capstone Projects in UTS Faculty of Engineering: Has integrating Engineers Australia competencies into the process improved learning?', Proceedings of the 2008 AaeE conference, Annual Conference of Australasian Association for Engineering Education, Engineers australia, Yeppoon, Queensland, pp. 1-6.

Wongthongtham, P, Hussain, FK, Chang, E & Dillon, TS 1970, 'Multi-site Software Engineering Ontology Instantiations Management Using Reputation Based Decision Making', Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics), Springer Berlin Heidelberg, pp. 199-218.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

In this paper we explore the development of systems for software engineering ontology instantiations management in the methodology for multi-site distributed software development. Ultimately the systems facilitate collaboration of teams in multi-site distributed software development. In multi-site distributed environment, team members in the software engineering projects have naturally an interaction with each other and share lots of project data/agreement amongst themselves. Since they are not always residing at the same place and face-to-face meetings hardly happen, there is a need for methodology and tools that facilitate effective communication for efficient collaboration. Whist multi-site distributed teams collaborate, there are a lot of shared project data updated or created. In a large volume of project data, systematic management is of importance. Software engineering knowledge is represented in the software engineering ontology whose instantiations, which are undergoing evolution, need a good management system. Software engineering ontology instantiations signify project information which is shared and has evolved to reflect project development, changes in the software requirements or in the design process, to incorporate additional functionality to systems or to allow incremental improvement, etc. © 2009 Springer Berlin Heidelberg.

Wu, CQ & Oehlers, DJ 1970, 'Derivation of resistance deflection relationship of RC members using softening model', Proceedings of the 10th International Symposium on Structural Engineering for Young Experts Isseye 2008, 10th International Symposium on Structural Engineering for Young Experts, SCIENCE PRESS BEIJING, Hunan Univ, Changsha, PEOPLES R CHINA, pp. 500-505.
View description>>

The resistance-deflection function of RC members plays an important role in the structural dynamic response analysis against blast loads. Previous studies recommend the use of a quasi-static resistance function modified by dynamic increase factors (DIF). However, the DIF value is estimated by using averaged strain rates and a constant plastic hinge length of 0.7 times the depth of the cross section is assumed in the analysis although the loading rate profile is not a constant over a cross-section and hinge length is varying with loading conditions. In this paper, a new strain rate formula over cross-section of a member under blast loading is derived based on structural dynamics theory. A layered analysis model together with the derived strain rate effects over a cross-section is used to calculate blast resistance capacity of the RC member. A softening model with variable hinge length rather than constant hinge length is used to determine the curvature profile along the member. It is then integrated along the length to obtain the rotation at all points of the member. The rotation curve is then integrated along half the length of the member to determine the deflection at the centre of the member. For each of the points on the moment-curvature relationship the resistance is determined from the moment profile and the deflection by double integrating the curvature profile, resulting in a full resistance-deflection relationship for the member.

Wu, L, Sandrasegaran, K & Mohd Ramli, H 1970, 'A Study on Load Threshold Setting Issue in Load Based Common Radio Resource Management', ICIMU CD, The 4th International Conference on Information Technology and Multimedia at UNITEN, ICIMU, Malaysia, pp. 244-249.

Wu, M, Zhang, L, Xing, QD, Tsang, P & Kwan, R 1970, 'The Demands of China's E-Commerce Education: a Study Based on SMEs Managers', The 2008 International Conference on ICT in Teaching and Learning (ICT 2008), Hong Kong.

Wyeth, P 1970, 'Understanding engagement with tangible user interfaces', Proceedings of the 20th Australasian Conference on Computer-Human Interaction: Designing for Habitus and Habitat, OZCHI '08: Proceedings of the 20th conference of the computer-human interaction special interest group of Australia on Computer-human interaction: design, ACM, pp. 331-334.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Wyeth, P & Wyeth, G 1970, 'Robot Building for Preschoolers', Springer Berlin Heidelberg, pp. 124-135.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Xi Zhu, Yichuang Sun & Moritz, J 1970, 'A CMOS 750MHz fifth-order continuous-time linear phase lowpass filter with gain boost', 2008 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS), 2008 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS), IEEE, pp. 900-903.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

The design and implementation of a CMOS continuous-time multiple loop feedback (MLF) leap frog (LF) filter is described. The filter is implemented using a fully?differential linear, low voltage operational transconductance amplifier (OTA). PSpice simulations using a standard TSMC 0.18?m CMOS process with 1.8V power supply have shown that the cut-off frequency of the filter ranges from 455MHz to 780MHz and dynamic range is about 58dB. The group delay is less than 5% over the whole tuning range; the maximum power consumption of the filter with gain boost is only 240mW. ©2008 IEEE.

Xiao, Y, Liu, B, Luo, D & Cao, L 1970, 'Multi-agent System for Custom Relationship Management with SVMs Tool', Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics), International KES Symposium on Agents and Multiagent systems - Technologies and Applications, Springer Berlin Heidelberg, Incheon, pp. 333-340.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

Distributed data mining in the CRM is to learn available knowledge from the customer relationship so as to instruct the strategic behavior. In order to resolve the CRM in distributed data mining, this paper proposes the architecture of distributed data mining for CRM, and then utilizes the support vector machine tool to separate the customs into several classes and manage them. In the end, the practical experiments about one Chinese company are conducted to show the good performance of the proposed approach. © 2008 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg.

Xie, HB, Jiang, ZY, Wei, DB, Liu, X & Wang, GD 1970, 'A Knowledge-Based System for Temperature Prediction in Hot Strip Mills', Advanced Materials Research, International Conference on Frontiers in Materials Science and Technology, Trans Tech Publications, Ltd., Queensland Univ Technol, Brisbane, AUSTRALIA, pp. 153-156.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

Rolling temperature is an important factor affecting mechanical properties of hot rolledstrip significantly. Traditional techniques cannot meet higher precision control imperatives. In thepresent work, a novel knowledge-based system has been developed for the temperature predictionin hot strip mills. Neural network has been used for this purpose, which is an intelligent techniquethat can solve nonlinear problem of temperature control by learning from the samples. Furthermore,an annealing robust learning algorithm was presented to adjust the hidden node parameters as wellas the weights of the adaptive neural networks. Simulations in a multi-object mode have beencarried out to verify the effectivity of new neural optimization system. Calculation results confirmthe feasibility of this approach and show a good agreement with experimental values obtained froma steel plant.

Xie, HB, Jiang, ZY, Wei, DB, Liu, XH & Wang, GD 1970, 'A Knowledge-Based System for Temperature Prediction in Hot Strip Mills', Advanced Materials Research, Trans Tech Publications Ltd., pp. 153-156.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

Rolling temperature is an important factor affecting mechanical properties of hot rolled strip significantly. Traditional techniques cannot meet higher precision control imperatives. In the present work, a novel knowledge-based system has been developed for the temperature prediction in hot strip mills. Neural network has been used for this purpose, which is an intelligent technique that can solve nonlinear problem of temperature control by learning from the samples. Furthermore, an annealing robust learning algorithm was presented to adjust the hidden node parameters as well as the weights of the adaptive neural networks. Simulations in a multi-object mode have been carried out to verify the effectivity of new neural optimization system. Calculation results confirm the feasibility of this approach and show a good agreement with experimental values obtained from a steel plant.

Xing, W, Guo, WS, Ngo, HH, Listowski, A & Cullum, P 1970, 'Specific Anaerobic Fluidized Bed Bioreactors as Pretreatment to Microfiltration in Domestic Wastewater Treatment for Reuse', Journal of Applied Membrane Science & Technology, Regional Symposium on Membrane Science & Technology, Penerbit UTM Press, Thailand, pp. 1-8.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

Practical use of an anaerobic granular activated carbon (GAC) fluidized bed bioreactor (FBBR) as pretreatment to microfiltration was experimentally verified. A nature starch based cationic flocculants (GF) was employed in this study for testifying its impact on the performance of GAC–FBBR. The GAC–FBBR with and without addition of GF was evaluated in terms of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) removal from biologically treated sewage effluent (BTSE). With only a daily addition of 200 mg GF to GAC– FBBR and a depth of GAC of 500 mm, the biomass of GAC increased from 1.5 g/L to 4.2 g/L within operation period of 30 days while the system resulted in 5% better DOC removal. The results indicate that the GAC–FBBR as pretreatment could effectively remove the dissolved organics and improve the critical flux. Compared with the critical flux of BTSE with submerged microfiltration (SMF) alone (20 L/m2.h), the pretreatment by GAC–FBBR successfully increased the critical flux to 30 L/m2.h. Moreover, the addition of GF into GAC–FBBR could help in raising the critical flux to 35 L/m2.h.

Xu, G, Zhang, Y & Yi, X 1970, 'Modelling User Behaviour for Web Recommendation Using LDA Model', 2008 IEEE/WIC/ACM International Conference on Web Intelligence and Intelligent Agent Technology, 2008 IEEE/WIC/ACM International Conference on Web Intelligence and Intelligent Agent Technology, IEEE, Sydney, NSW, Australia, pp. 529-532.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Xu, M, Jin, JS & Luo, S 1970, 'Personalized video adaptation based on video content analysis', Proceedings of the 9th International Workshop on Multimedia Data Mining: held in conjunction with the ACM SIGKDD 2008, KDD08: The 14th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, ACM, pp. 26-35.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

Personalized video adaptation is expected to satisfy individual users' needs on video content. Multimedia data mining plays a significant role of video annotation to meet users' preference on video content. In this paper, a comprehensive solution for personalized video adaptation is proposed based on video content mining. Video content mining targets both cognitive content and affective content. Cognitive content refers to those semantic events, which are very specific for the video domains. Sometimes, users might prefer "emotional decision" to select their interested video content. Therefore, we introduce affective content which causes audiences' strong reactions. For cognitive content mining, features are extracted from multiple modalities. Machine learning module is further performed to get some middle-level features, such as specific audio sounds, semantic video shots and so on. Those middle-level features are used to detect cognitive content by using Hidden Markov Models. For affective content mining, affective content is detected with three affective levels: "low", "medium" and "high". Considering affective levels might have no sharp boundaries, fuzzy c mean clustering is used on low-level features to simulate user's perceptions. The adaptation is later implemented based on MPEG-21 Digital Item Adaptation framework. One of the challenges is how to quantify users' preference on video content. Information Entropy (IE) and Membership Functions are calculated to decide priorities for resource allocation for cognitive content and affective content respectively. Copyright 2008 ACM.

Xu, M, Jin, JS, Luo, S & Duan, L 1970, 'Hierarchical movie affective content analysis based on arousal and valence features', Proceedings of the 16th ACM international conference on Multimedia, MM08: ACM Multimedia Conference 2008, ACM, pp. 677-680.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

Emotional factors directly reflect audiences' attention, evaluation and memory. Affective contents analysis not only create an index for users to access their interested movie segments, but also provide feasible entry for video highlights. Most of the work focus on emotion type detection. Besides emotion type, emotion intensity is also a significant clue for users to find their interested content. For some film genres (Horror, Action, etc), the segments with high emotion intensity have the most possibilities to be video highlights. In this paper, we propose a hierarchical structure for emotion categories and analyze emotion intensity and emotion type by using arousal and valence related features hierarchically. Firstly, High, Medium and Low are detected as emotion intensity levels by using fuzzy c-mean clustering on arousal features. Fuzzy clustering provides a mathematical model to represent vagueness, which is close to human perception. After that, valence related features are used to detect emotion types (Anger, Sad, Fear, Happy and Neutral ). Considering video is continuous time series data and the occurrence of a certain emotion is a ted by recent emotional history, Hidden Markov Models (HMMs) are used to capture the context information. Experimental results shows the movie segments with high emotion intensity cover over 80% of the movie highlights in Horror and Action movies and the hierarchical method outperforms the one-step method on emotion type detection. Meanwhile, it is exible for user to pick up their favorite a ective content by choosing both emotion intensity levels and emotion types. Copyright 2008 ACM.

Xu, M, Luo, S & Jin, JS 1970, 'Affective Content Detection by Using Timing Features and Fuzzy Clustering', Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics), Springer Berlin Heidelberg, pp. 685-692.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

Emotional factors directly reflect audiences' attention, evaluation and memory. Movie affective content detection attracts more and more research efforts. Most of the existing work focus on developing efficient affective features or implementing feasible pattern recognition algorithms. However, some important issues are ignored. 1) Most of the feature used in affective content detection are traditional visual/audio features. While affective content detection needs those features which are directly related to emotions. 2) affective content is a subjective concept which heavily depends on human perception. It is hard to find a clear boundary for various emotion categories. While most of the existing methods utilize hard pattern recognition algorithm to generate clear boundary for emotion categories. In this paper, we consider the above two issues by two aspects. 1) We employ timing features which are important of films and an important part of films' power to affect viewers' feelings and emotions. Meanwhile, audio features are used together with timing features to detect affective content from multiple modalities. 2) Fuzzy clustering is used in this paper to map affective features to affective content. Fuzzy logic provides a mathematical model to represent vagueness, which is close to human perception. Experimental results shows the proposed method is effective and efficient. © 2008 Springer.

Xu, M, Park, M, Luo, S & Jin, JS 1970, 'Comparison Analysis On Supervised Learning Based Solutions For Sports Video Categorization', 2008 IEEE 10TH WORKSHOP ON MULTIMEDIA SIGNAL PROCESSING, VOLS 1 AND 2, 10th IEEE Workshop on Multimedia Signal Processing, IEEE, Cairns, AUSTRALIA, pp. 530-533.

Xu, RYD, Brown, JM, Traish, JM & Dezwa, D 1970, 'A computer vision based camera pedestal's vertical motion control', Proceedings International Conference on Pattern Recognition.
View description>>

Traditional camera pedestals are manually operated. Our long term goal is to construct a fully autonomous pedestal system which can respond to changes in a scene and mimicking the human camera operator. In this paper, we discuss our experiments to control the vertical motion of a pedestal by leveling its position with a human head or a tracked hand-held object. We describe a set of computer vision methods used in these experiments, including the head position tracking using Gaussian Mixture Model (GMM) of the foreground blob and hand-held object tracking using Continuously Adaptive Mean shift (CAM-shift) with motion initialization. We also discuss the application of Kalman Filter and showing its effect in the reduction of the number of jittering pedestal motions. © 2008 IEEE.

Xue, D, Wang, C & Hawryszkiewycz, IT 1970, 'Using semantic blogging to support knowledge management in construction industry', INNOVATIONS IN STRUCTURAL ENGINEERING AND CONSTRUCTION, VOLS 1 AND 2, Structural Engineering and Construction Conference, Taylor & Francis, Melbourne, Australia, pp. 1557-1563.

Xuekan Qiu, Shuqiang Jiang, Huiying Liu, Qingming Huang & Longbing Cao 1970, 'Spatial-temporal attention analysis for home video', 2008 IEEE International Conference on Multimedia and Expo, 2008 IEEE International Conference on Multimedia and Expo (ICME), IEEE, Hannover Congress Centrum, Hannover, Germany, pp. 1517-1520.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

In this paper, by considering the multiple spatial-temporal characteristic of visual perception system, we propose a novel home video attention analysis method. Firstly, each frame of the video is segmented into regions which are more informative than pixels and image blocks. Then the saliency of each region is analyzed by combining static, motion and location attentions. Finally a region based saliency map is generated for each frame, and an attention score curve is obtained for the video clip by combining attention scores of all regions in each frame. Both of them can be utilized in wide applications. This method takes advantage of the properties of human visual perception and can well present the attention information of home videos. Experimental results show the effectiveness of this approach.

Ya Gao, Guangquan Zhang & Jie Lu 1970, 'A particle swarm optimization based algorithm for fuzzy bilevel decision making', 2008 IEEE International Conference on Fuzzy Systems (IEEE World Congress on Computational Intelligence), 2008 IEEE 16th International Conference on Fuzzy Systems (FUZZ-IEEE), IEEE, Kong Kong, China, pp. 1452-1457.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

Bilevel decision techniques are developed for decentralized planning problems with decision makers located in a two-level system. This study develops a particle swarm optimization based algorithm to solve fuzzy linear bilevel (FLBL) decision problems. A main advantage of this algorithm is that the optimization technique is adopted directly on FLBL problems by fully considering the original information carried by the fuzzy parameters, thus minimizing information loss. Experiments reveal that this algorithm can effectively solve the fuzzy linear bilevel decision problems. © 2008 IEEE.

Yading Li & Esselle, KP 1970, 'Design of a wide-band, in-phase, highly reflecting surface for application in a low-profile EBG-resonator antenna', 2008 Asia-Pacific Microwave Conference, 2008 Asia Pacific Microwave Conference, IEEE, Hong Kong, PEOPLES R CHINA, pp. 1-4.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Yan Chen, Qiang Wu, Xiangjian He, Chunhua Du & Jie Yang 1970, 'Extracting key postures using radon transform', 2008 23rd International Conference Image and Vision Computing New Zealand, 2008 23rd International Conference Image and Vision Computing New Zealand (IVCNZ), IEEE, Christchurch, New Zealand, pp. 1-5.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

Human key posture extraction will benefit for human action recognition, human action retrieval, human behaviour understanding and so on. This paper proposes an approach to select key postures from a human action video based on Radon transform. Cluster is used on the Radon transform to select the final key postures of human action video. The approach does not require motion extraction from the human action video. The experiments results show that the proposed approach is efficient. © 2008 IEEE.

Yan Chen, Qiang Wu, Xiangjian He, Wenjing Jia & Hintz, T 1970, 'A modified Mahalanobis distance for human detection in out-door environments', 2008 First IEEE International Conference on Ubi-Media Computing, 2008 First IEEE International Conference on Ubi-media Computing (U-Media 2008), IEEE, Lanzhou, China, pp. 243-248.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

This paper proposes a novel method for human detection from static images based on pixel structure of input images. Each image is divided into four parts, and a weight is assigned to each part of the image. In training stage, all sample images including human images and non-human images are used to construct a Mahalanobis distance map through statistically analyzing the difference between the different blocks on each original image. A projection matrix will be created with Linear Discriminant Method (LDM) based on the Mahalanobis distance map. This projection matrix will be used to transform multidimensional feature vectors into one dimensional feature domain according to a pre-calculated threshold to distinguish human figures from non-human figures. In comparison with the method without introducing weights, the proposed method performs much better. Encouraging experimental results have been obtained based on MIT dataset and our own dataset. © 2008 IEEE.

Yan Ying, Zhu Jianguo, Guo Youguang & Jin Jianxun 1970, 'Numerical simulation of a PMSM model considering saturation saliency for initial rotor position estimation', 2008 27th Chinese Control Conference, 2008 Chinese Control Conference (CCC), IEEE, Kunming, China, pp. 114-118.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

With the wide application of permanent magnet synchronous motors (PMSMs), particularly the surface mounted type, the limitations of the conventional PMSM model have become apparent, in which no saturation saliency is incorporated. As a result, the numerical simulation is not applicable for the initial rotor position estimation, which is vital for sensorless motor operation. To avoid the difficulty for developing new initial rotor position estimation techniques through the process of experimental trial and error, a new PMSM model is presented in this paper. The presented model considers both structural and saturation saliencies, enabling fast and cost-effective numerical trial and error for new initial rotor position detection methods. Unlike the constant apparent inductances in the conventional model, the nonlinear self and mutual incremental inductances in the proposed model are expressed by Fourier series and experimentally determined by a specific method to reflect the structural and saturation saliencies, which exist in both salient- and nonsalient-pole PMSMs. Based on the proposed model and the measured inductance patterns, an initial rotor position estimation scheme is numerically simulated and experimentally tested.

Yang, C, Zhang, Y & Rolfe, BF 1970, 'Special finite element-based unit cell approach for the prediction of mechanical properties of foamed titanium', Advances in Heterogeneous Material Mechanics 2008 Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Heterogeneous Material Mechanics Ichmm 2008, pp. 329-333.
View description>>

With superior mechanical and biological properties, titanium-based foams have potentially beneficial applications for bone-replacement implants in biomedical engineering. To predict microscopic stress and strain localizations (as well as macroscopic responses), finite element (FE) analyses can obtain full-field solutions for better understanding of the relationship between pore morphology, overall properties and strain localizationΞ In this study, a simple two-dimensional unit cell approach (UCA) is developed based on micromechanics and special finite element method for multiscale modelling. Initially we have predicted the elastic mechanical properties for foamed titanium with a reasonably accurate depiction of the actual geometry of the microstructure.

Yang, L, Guo, B & Ni, W 1970, 'A Statistical Speckle Suppression Algorithm for Underwater Laser Image Based on Nonsubsampled Contourlet Transform', 2008 Eighth International Conference on Intelligent Systems Design and Applications, 2008 Eighth International Conference on Intelligent Systems Design and Applications (ISDA), IEEE, TAIWAN, Kaohsiung, pp. 467-472.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Ye, D, Bai, Q & Zhang, M 1970, 'Ontology-Based Knowledge Representation for a P2P Multi-agent Distributed Intrusion Detection System', 2008 IFIP International Conference on Network and Parallel Computing, 2008 IFIP International Conference on Network and Parallel Computing (NPC), IEEE, Shanghai, PEOPLES R CHINA, pp. 111-118.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Ye, D, Bai, Q, Zhang, M & Ye, Z 1970, 'P2P Distributed Intrusion Detections by Using Mobile Agents', Seventh IEEE/ACIS International Conference on Computer and Information Science (icis 2008), Seventh IEEE/ACIS International Conference on Computer and Information Science (icis 2008), IEEE, Portland, OR, pp. 259-265.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Ye, G, Wang, Y, Xu, J, Herman, G & Zhang, B 1970, 'A Practical Approach to Multiple Super-resolution Sprite Generation', 2008 IEEE 10TH WORKSHOP ON MULTIMEDIA SIGNAL PROCESSING, VOLS 1 AND 2, 10th IEEE Workshop on Multimedia Signal Processing, IEEE, AUSTRALIA, Cairns, pp. 73-+.

Yeung, CW, Ling, SH, Chan, YH, Leung, FHF & IEEE 1970, 'Restoration of Half-toned Color-Quantized Images using Particle Swarm Optimization with Wavelet Mutation', 2008 IEEE REGION 10 CONFERENCE: TENCON 2008, VOLS 1-4, IEEE Region 10 Conference (TENCON 2008), IEEE, Hyderabad, INDIA, pp. 1844-1849.

Yi Da Xu, R, Junbin Gao & Antolovich, M 1970, 'Novel methods for high-resolution facial image capture using calibrated PTZ and static cameras', 2008 IEEE International Conference on Multimedia and Expo, 2008 IEEE International Conference on Multimedia and Expo (ICME), IEEE, Hannover, GERMANY, pp. 45-48.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Yin, B, Chen, F, Ruiz, N & Ambikairajah, E 1970, 'Speech-based cognitive load monitoring system', 2008 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing, ICASSP 2008 - 2008 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing, IEEE, Las Vegas, NV, pp. 2041-2044.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Yin, B, Ruiz, N, Chen, F & Ambikairajah, E 1970, 'Exploring classification techniques in speech based cognitive load monitoring', Proceedings of the Annual Conference of the International Speech Communication Association Interspeech, 9th Annual Conference of the International-Speech-Communication-Association (INTERSPEECH 2008), ISCA-INT SPEECH COMMUNICATION ASSOC, Brisbane, AUSTRALIA, pp. 2478-2481.
View description>>

The ability to monitor cognitive load level in real time is extremely useful for preventing fatal operating errors or improving the efficiency of task execution. In top of the success of our previously proposed speech based cognitive load monitoring system, we explored alternative classification techniques in this paper, including simple linear kernel Support Vector Machine (SVM), hybrid SVM-GMM which accepts the likelihood scores from GMM as inputs for SVM, and a fusion approach which integrates GMM, SVM and SVM-GMM systems together. All systems are evaluated on the data collected from two different tasks - a reading comprehension and a Stroop test based task. SVM-GMM based system achieved the highest performance on both tasks and improved the accuracy of three cognitive load levels classification from 71.1% to 75.6% and 77.5% to 82.2%, respectively. Copyright © 2008 ISCA.

Yin, B, Ruiz, N, Chen, F & Ambikairajah, E 1970, 'Investigating speech features and automatic measurement of cognitive load', 2008 IEEE 10th Workshop on Multimedia Signal Processing, 2008 IEEE 10th Workshop on Multimedia Signal Processing (MMSP), IEEE, pp. 988-993.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

The ability to measure cognitive load level in real time is extremely useful for improving the efficiency of interfaces and contents delivering, especially when interfaces and contents get complex in a multimedia environment. Speech is highly suitable for measuring cognitive load due to its non-intrusive nature and ease of collection. In this paper, we investigated the patterns of prosodic features and confirmed it is relevant to cognitive load. We also explored varied classification techniques to capture those relevant patterns of speech features. Gaussian Mixture Model (GMM), Support Vector Machine (SVM), and a hybrid SVM-GMM based classifiers were investigated with MFCC and pitch features. Individual systems and a fusion based system were evaluated on two different task scenarios - reading comprehension and Stroop test. The SVM-GMM based system achieved the highest performance on both tasks and improved the accuracy of three levels classification to 75.6% and 82.2%, respectively. © 2008 IEEE.

Yin, B, Ruiz, N, Chen, F & Ambikairajah, E 1970, 'Investigating Speech Features and Automatic Measurement of Cognitive Load', 2008 IEEE 10TH WORKSHOP ON MULTIMEDIA SIGNAL PROCESSING, VOLS 1 AND 2, 10th IEEE Workshop on Multimedia Signal Processing, IEEE, Cairns, AUSTRALIA, pp. 992-997.

Yin, B, Thiruvaran, T, Ambikairajah, E & Chen, F 1970, 'Introducing a FM based feature to hierarchical language identification', Proceedings of the Annual Conference of the International Speech Communication Association Interspeech, 9th Annual Conference of the International-Speech-Communication-Association (INTERSPEECH 2008), ISCA-INT SPEECH COMMUNICATION ASSOC, Brisbane, AUSTRALIA, pp. 731-734.
View description>>

Although relatively neglected in auditory analysis, phase information plays an important role in human auditory intelligibility. This paper investigates a Frequency Modulation (FM) based feature and its contribution to a Language Identification (LID) system, using a Hierarchical LID framework. FM components represent the phase information of a given signal in an AM-FM model. In this paper, we extract a FM-based feature using a technique which produces consistent and continuous FM components, and build a LID system on this feature with GMM based modeling. The performance is improved by combining this system with existing MFCC, Prosody based systems and a PRLM system. When compared to the baseline system without integrating a FM-based system, the proposed Hierarchical LID system shows improvements. Additionally, the proposed system outperforms the GMM fusion-based system integrating the same four primary systems, showing that the Hierarchical LID framework is more effective in integrating additional features. Copyright © 2008 ISCA.

Yiwei Yu, Xiaojing Huang & Eryk Dutkiewicz 1970, 'Block spread OFDMA system with space-time coded MIMO over frequency selective fading channels', 2008 Third International Conference on Communications and Networking in China, 2008 Third International Conference on Communications and Networking in China, IEEE, pp. 464-468.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

This paper proposes a block spread orthogonal frequency division multiple access (BS-OFDMA) system with a combined space-time coded multiple-input multiple-out (STC-MIMO) scheme called STC-MIMO BS-OFDMA for transmission over frequency selective fading channels. In this system, a novel block spreading approach is firstly applied to effectively achieve precoding in the OFDMA system with lower complexity for improving the multipath diversity performance. The STC-MIMO is then incorporated to take advantage of the spatial diversity. The signal model and architecture of the proposed system are presented, and simulations are carried out to confirm the expected performance improvement.

Yu, K & Guo, YJ 1970, 'Improving Anchor Position Accuracy for 3-D Localization in Wireless Sensor Networks', 2008 IEEE International Conference on Communications, 2008 IEEE International Conference on Communications, IEEE, pp. 951-955.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

Accuracy of ordinary sensor node localization in wireless sensor networks mainly depends on the signal parameter such as time-of-arrival and signal strength estimation errors and the accuracy of the anchor node locations. In this paper a low-complexity but efficient algorithm is derived to improve anchor location accuracy in the presence of both anchor-to-anchor distance and AOA estimates and GPS measurements. Also, a Lenvenberg-Marquardt (LM) optimization based algorithm is developed for accuracy improvement when anchor-to-anchor distance estimates and GPS measurements are provided. Further, we derive the Cramer-Rao lower bound (CRLB) to benchmark the anchor position accuracy. To our knowledge, improving anchor node location accuracy and deriving the CRLB in the presence of both GPS and anchor-to-anchor measurements in 3-D scenarios are not reported in the literature. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed approaches can improve the anchor position accuracy substantially and that the accuracy of the two developed algorithms approaches the corresponding CRLB. ©2008 IEEE.

Yu, K & Guo, YJ 1970, 'Non-line-of-sight detection based on TOA and signal strength', 2008 IEEE 19th International Symposium on Personal, Indoor and Mobile Radio Communications, 2008 IEEE 19th International Symposium on Personal, Indoor and Mobile Radio Communications (PIMRC), IEEE, pp. 1-5.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

This paper addresses the problem of identifying NLOS propagation by applying the statistical decision theory. A time-of-arrival (TOA) based method is developed under idealized conditions to provide a performance reference. In the presence of both TOA and received signal strength (RSS) measurements, a joint identification method is derived to efficiently exploit both the TOA and RSS measurements. Analytical expressions for the probability of detection (POD) and the probability of false alarm (PFA) are derived. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed methods perform well and the joint TOA and RSS based method outperforms the TOA based methods considerably. It is also shown that the analytical results agree with the simulated ones. © 2008 IEEE.

Yu, K & Guo, YJ 1970, 'Robust Localization in Multihop Wireless Sensor Networks', VTC Spring 2008 - IEEE Vehicular Technology Conference, 2008 IEEE Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC 2008-Spring), IEEE, pp. 2819-2823.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

In this paper a hybrid localization scheme for multihop wireless sensor networks is presented. At first a relatively dense group of nodes is selected as a base. Next, the multidimensional scaling (MDS) method is applied to localize the group of nodes. Then, the robust quads (RQ) method is employed to localize other nodes, following which we make use of the robust triangle and radio range (RTRR) approach to perform the localization task. The RQ and the RTRR methods are used alternately until no more nodes can be localized by the two approaches. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed hybrid localization algorithm performs well in terms of both accuracy and success rate of localization. © 2008 IEEE.

Yu, K, Guo, YJ & Oppermann, I 1970, 'Modified Taylor Series Expansion Based Positioning Algorithms', VTC Spring 2008 - IEEE Vehicular Technology Conference, 2008 IEEE Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC 2008-Spring), IEEE, pp. 2656-2660.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

In this paper, we propose a modified two stage Taylor series (TS) method for position estimation in a 3-D environment when either the time-difference-of-arrival (TDOA) or the distance measurements are available. It is aimed to improve the convergence performance of the traditional Taylor series method. Simulation results demonstrate that the modified TS method can improve the position estimation convergence considerably. © 2008 IEEE.

Yu, S & Zhou, W 1970, 'Entropy-Based Collaborative Detection of DDOS Attacks on Community Networks', 2008 Sixth Annual IEEE International Conference on Pervasive Computing and Communications (PerCom), 2008 IEEE International Conference on Pervasive Computing and Communications (PerCom), IEEE, Hong Kong, PEOPLES R CHINA, pp. 566-571.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Yu, S, Doss, R, Thapngam, T & Qian, D 1970, 'A Transformation Model for Heterogeneous Servers', 2008 10th IEEE International Conference on High Performance Computing and Communications, 2008 10th IEEE International Conference on High Performance Computing and Communications (HPCC), IEEE, Dalian Univ Technol, Dalian, PEOPLES R CHINA, pp. 665-671.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Yu, Y, Huang, X & Dutkiewicz, E 1970, 'Block Spread OFDM.A System with Space-Time Coded MIMO over Frequency Selective Fading Channels', 2008 THIRD INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON COMMUNICATIONS AND NETWORKING IN CHINA, VOLS 1-3, 3rd International Conference on Communications and Networking in China, IEEE, Hangzhou, PEOPLES R CHINA, pp. 441-445.

Yu, YH, Kwok, NM & Ha, QP 1970, 'A new system-on-programmable-chip (SOPC) for smart car braking control', Intech'08 - Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Intelligent Technologies, pp. 35-40.
View description>>

This paper presents a new system-on-programmable chip (SOPC) design for vehicle braking control systems. Unlike the conventional control theoretic or fuzzy logic control approaches, where control signals are mostly computed on general purpose computers, the control here is much simpler and can be implemented reliably based on a single chip processor. We propose a braking nervous factor (BNF) to predict the braking responses of a driver for arbitrary distance and relative speed of two vehicles moving in a straight line. The proposed BNF control system can learn from the braking experience from the driver, and thus a database can be created for autonomous driving to offer the driver both safety and comfort.

Yuehe Ge & Esselle, KP 1970, 'High-gain, low-profile EBG resonator antennas with very thin metamaterial superstrates', 2008 IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium, 2008 IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium and USNC/URSI National Radio Science Meeting, IEEE, pp. 1-4.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

High-gain, low-profile electromagnetic band-gap (EBG) resonant antennas based on frequency-selective-surface type (FSS) metamaterials are studied. The metamaterial is composed of the standard FR4 material with two different metallic patterns printed on both sides. We show that high gain can be achieved with superstrates as thin as λg/16, where the metallic patterns are optimised. Two examples are provided to demonstrate the effectiveness of the design scheme. © 2008 IEEE.

Zadjabbari, B, Wongthongtham, P & Hussain, FK 1970, 'Towards an Ontological Intellectual Capital based Model in Sustainable Business Performance', 2008 INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON COMPUTATIONAL INTELLIGENCE FOR MODELLING CONTROL & AUTOMATION, VOLS 1 AND 2, pp. 512-515.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

In this paper, we focus on the returns generated by assets that are not reported. These refer mainly to the assets other than those reported on the balance sheet. These sources create value to organisations. Traditional capital e.g. physical and human capitals cannot guarantee future success of a business. We define and include social capital as an internal-based source and market capital as an external-based source for sustainable business performance. These intangible assets may represent a huge source but at the same time they are the hardest to quantify and express numerically and tangibly. There is a lack of a standard metric method to measure this kind of knowledge and assests. Ontology, a particular type of knowledge based technology, can be used to help understand how knowledge within organisations creates value. By making knowledge explicit and transparent, it promotes trust which in turn promotes governance. Generally speaking, an ontology is used to explicitly express how the intellectual capital is valued and thus results are sensible for managers. The ontology enables evidence based formation of knowledge valuation. © 2008 IEEE.

Zha, X, Yang, Y & Crusca, F 1970, 'An improved parameter-dependent approach to robust optimal fault estimation for helicopter model', 2008 Chinese Control and Decision Conference, 2008 Chinese Control and Decision Conference (CCDC), IEEE, Yantai, PEOPLES R CHINA, pp. 3353-3357.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Zhan Yuedong, Guo Youguang, Zhu Jianguo & Wang Hua 1970, 'Comprehensive control of proton exchange membrane fuel cell as backup power supply for UPS', 2008 27th Chinese Control Conference, 2008 Chinese Control Conference (CCC), IEEE, Kunming, China, pp. 646-651.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

To improve the performance of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) stack, it is important to avoid the hydrogen and oxygen/air starvation of electrochemical reaction, prevent the dehydration and drying of the membrane, and track the output power. This paper conducts research in a comprehensive control strategy of the operation parameters of an uninterruptible power system (UPS) with backup PEMFC and battery power sources, such as the thermal management and control of operating temperature, pressures and mass flows of hydrogen and air for the PEMFC stack, switch of the power supply between PEMFC and battery for UPS, and the output power tracking of PEMFC. Based on the dynamic model of the anode and cathode flow system, the models of manifold and the performance curve, a detail model analysis is presented. A comprehensive control method is proposed and applied to the PEMFC system employed for the power source of UPS. The experimental results show that the comprehensive control method can effectively keep constant pressures of the inlet hydrogen and air, automatically switch the power supply between PEMFC and battery, reasonably improve the performance of the PEMFC through thermal management and control of operating temperature, and track the real-time changes of the output power and the distribution of the mass flows of hydrogen and oxygen/air.

Zhan, Y, Guo, Y, Zhu, J & Wang, H 1970, 'Design and analysis of control system of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell directly connected with a DC motor', Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Electrical Machines and Systems Icems 2008, International Conference on Electrical Machines and Systems, World Publishing Corporation, Wuhan, China, pp. 1706-1710.
View description>>

This paper presents the design and analysis of comprehensive control system of a fuel cell which is directly connected to a DC motor. The fuel cell system consists of a 63-cell 300 W proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC), a 3-cell lead-acid battery and a conventional DC machine. The comprehensive controller design and analysis of the fuel cell are presented, including the design of the PEMFC generating system, the comprehensive control technique of the PEMFC based on advanced data acquisition hardware and LabVIEW software. Experimental results show that the fuel cell-based DC motor drive system can produce satisfactory performance.

Zhan, Y, Guo, Y, Zhu, J & Wang, H 1970, 'Power Converters and Controllers for UPS Applications with Backup PEM Fuel Cell', 2008 IEEE INDUSTRY APPLICATIONS SOCIETY ANNUAL MEETING, VOLS 1-5, IEEE Industry-Applications-Society Annual Meeting, IEEE, Alberta, CANADA, pp. 2383-+.

Zhan, Y, Guo, Y, Zhu, JG & Wang, H 1970, 'Power Converters and Controllers for UPS Applications with Backup PEM Fuel Cell', 2008 IEEE Industry Applications Society Annual Meeting, 2008 IEEE Industry Applications Society Annual Meeting (IAS), IEEE, Edmonton, Canada, pp. 1-8.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

This paper studies the practical cost-effective DC/DC converter, DC/AC inverter and AC/DC rectifier for an uninterruptible power supply (UPS) system with backup proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC). Furthermore, a comprehensive controller for the PEMFC is designed according to the change of the load, while the energy storage elements, such as battery and ultracapacitor, are chosen in order to compensate the slow dynamic response of PEMFC and to meet the sudden peak load energy demand. The designed power converters can supply high quality power with flexible conversion functions, leading to the establishment of reliable power management for UPS applications. Finally, a suitable control strategy and technique, capable of coping with the change of the load for PEMFC and realizing the energy managements of UPS hybrid system, is implemented. The performances of the proposed power converters and controllers are evaluated by experimental results, showing that the developed UPS system with backup PEMFC and battery power sources is suitable for industry applications.

Zhan, Y, Zhu, J, Guo, Y & Wang, H 1970, 'Performance analysis and evaluation of proton membrane exchange fuel cells', 2008 Australasian Universities Power Engineering Conference Aupec 2008, Australasian Universities Power Engineering Conference, University of New South Wales, Sydney, pp. 2378-2383.
View description>>

This paper presents the performance analysis of proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) and evaluation of the fuel cells by using a current density extent (D) and a steady-state error rate (S) as the steady-state performance indexes based on the effects and sensitivity of the fuel cell parameters on the polarization curve. Excluding the non-linear parts of the curve, which are the activation polarization loss and the concentration polarization loss, the steady-state performance indexes, i.e. D and S, are defined and their application for both theoretical analysis and engineering practice are discussed. The presented steady-state performance indexes have been applied for analysis and evaluation of two typical fuel cells and they are found as suitable for evaluating the performance of the fuel cells. © 2008 Australasian Universities Power Engineering Conference (AUPEC'08).

Zhan, Y, Zhu, J, Guo, Y & Wang, H 1970, 'Performance analysis and improvement of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell using comprehensive intelligent control', Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Electrical Machines and Systems Icems 2008, 11th International Conference on Electrical Machines and Systems, WORLD PUBLISHING CORPORATION, Huazhong Univ Sci & Technol, Wuhan, PEOPLES R CHINA, pp. 2378-2383.
View description>>

To analyze and improve the performance of proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) stack, this paper conducts research in intelligent comprehensive control of the operational parameters, such as the operating temperature, pressure, mass flows of hydrogen and air for the PEMFC stack, current density, the exhaust emission quantity of reactant gas, and humidity of the hydrogen and air/oxygen. A detailed analysis is presented about the factors which affect the performance of PEMFC stack, including the operating temperature and pressure, the activation polarization loss, Ohmic loss, concentration polarization loss and the influences of the leakage loss, gas crossover, internal current, exchange current density, limiting current density, and internal structures of the stack. An intelligent comprehensive control strategy is proposed and applied to a 500 W PEMFC system for an uninterruptible power system with backup PEMFC and battery power sources. The experimental results show that the current-voltage performance for the PEMFC stack has been improved comparing with the normal performance using the conventional PI control.

Zhan, Y, Zhu, J, Guo, Y & Wang, H 1970, 'Performance Analysis and Improvement of a Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell Using Intelligent Comprehensive Control', Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Electrical Machines and Systems (ICEMS), International Conference on Electrical Machines and Systems, World Publishing Corporation, Wuhan, China, pp. 2578-2583.
View description>>

To analyze and improve the performance of proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) stack, this paper conducts research in intelligent comprehensive control of the operational parameters, such as the operating temperature, pressure, mass flows of hydrogen and air for the PEMFC stack, current density, the exhaust emission quantity of reactant gas, and humidity of the hydrogen and air/oxygen. A detailed analysis is presented about the factors which affect the performance of PEMFC stack, including the operating temperature and pressure, the activation polarization loss, Ohmic loss, concentration polarization loss and the influences of the leakage loss, gas crossover, internal current, exchange current density, limiting current density, and internal structures of the stack. An intelligent comprehensive control strategy is proposed and applied to a 500 W PEMFC system for an uninterruptible power system with backup PEMFC and battery power sources. The experimental results show that the current-voltage performance for the PEMFC stack has been improved comparing with the normal performance using the conventional PI control.

Zhang, G, Yang, X & Lu, J 1970, 'A SVM-based classification approach for early warning systems', COMPUTATIONAL INTELLIGENCE IN DECISION AND CONTROL, International Fuzzy Logic and Intelligent technologies in Nuclear Science Conference, World Scientific, Madrid, Spain, pp. 549-554.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

ZHANG, G, ZHANG, G & XIE, H 1970, 'HYBRID GENETIC ALGORITHM BASED ON DISTANCE DENSITY AND QUASI-SIMPLEX TECHNIQUE', Computational Intelligence in Decision and Control, Proceedings of the 8th International FLINS Conference, WORLD SCIENTIFIC, Madrid, Spain, pp. 737-742.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Zhang, H, Zhao, Y, Cao, L & Zhang, C 1970, 'Combined Association Rule Mining', Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence Vol 5012: Advances in Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, Pacific-Asia Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, Springer Berlin Heidelberg, Osaka, Japan, pp. 1069-1074.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

This paper proposes an algorithm to discover novel association rules, combined association rules. Compared with conventional association rule, this combined association rule allows users to perform actions directly. Combined association rules are always organized as rule sets, each of which is composed of a number of single combined association rules. These single rules consist of non-actionable attributes, actionable attributes, and class attribute, with the rules in one set sharing the same non-actionable attributes. Thus, for a group of objects having the same non-actionable attributes, the actions corresponding to a preferred class can be performed directly. However, standard association rule mining algorithms encounter many difficulties when applied to combined association rule mining, and hence new algorithms have to be developed for combined association rule mining. In this paper, we will focus on rule generation and interestingness measures in combined association rule mining. In rule generation, the frequent itemsets are discovered among itemset groups to improve efficiency. New interestingness measures are defined to discover more actionable knowledge. In the case study, the proposed algorithm is applied into the field of social security. The combined association rule provides much greater actionable knowledge to business owners and users.

Zhang, J 1970, 'Reduced rank equalization for precoded OFDM systems', 2008 IEEE 19th International Symposium on Personal, Indoor and Mobile Radio Communications, 2008 IEEE 19th International Symposium on Personal, Indoor and Mobile Radio Communications (PIMRC), IEEE, IEEE, pp. 1-4.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Zhang, K, Tsang, IW & Kwok, JT 1970, 'Improved Nyström low-rank approximation and error analysis', Proceedings of the 25th international conference on Machine learning - ICML '08, the 25th international conference, ACM Press, Helsinki, Finland, pp. 1232-1239.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

Low-rank matrix approximation is an effective tool in alleviating the memory and computational burdens of kernel methods and sampling, as the mainstream of such algorithms, has drawn considerable attention in both theory and practice. This paper presents detailed studies on the Nystr¨om sampling scheme and in particular, an error analysis that directly relates the Nystr¨om approximation quality with the encoding powers of the landmark points in summarizing the data. The resultant error bound suggests a simple and efficient sampling scheme, the k-means clustering algorithm, for Nystr¨om low-rank approximation. We compare it with state-of-the-art approaches that range from greedy schemes to probabilistic sampling. Our algorithm achieves significant performance gains in a number of supervised/ unsupervised learning tasks including kernel PCA and least squares SVM.

Zhang, S, Rong, M, Zhang, G & Cao, J 1970, 'High-confidence Embedded Software Development Based on UML2.0 Communication Diagram and Temporal Logic', ICCSE 2008: PROCEEDINGS OF THE THIRD INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON COMPUTER SCIENCE & EDUCATION, 3rd International Conference on Computer Science and Education, XIAMEN UNIV PRESS, PEOPLES R CHINA, Kaifeng, pp. 912-916.

Zhang, W, Lin, X, Pei, J & Zhang, Y 1970, 'Managing Uncertain Data: Probabilistic Approaches', 2008 The Ninth International Conference on Web-Age Information Management, 2008 9th International Conference on Web-Age Information Management (WAIM), IEEE, pp. 405-412.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

Uncertain data are inherent in many important applications. Recently, considerable research efforts have been put into the field of managing uncertain data. In this paper, we summarize existing techniques to query and model uncertain data and systems that effectively manage uncertain data, mainly from a probabilistic point of view. © 2008 IEEE.

Zhang, X, Jiang, Z, Xie, H, Wei, D, Liu, X & Wang, G 1970, 'Analysis of the effects of casting roll parameters on temperature field and thermal stress during twin roll thin strip casting', Steel Research International, 12th International Conference on Metal Forming, Verlag Stahleisen Mbh, Cracow, POLAND, pp. 772-779.
View description>>

During twin-roll thin strip casting, the casting roll is a key part of casting mills, which can make the strip casting be stable and obtain the casting strip with good quality. Due to the thermal and contact stresses of the casting roll caused by non-steady temperature field, it will result in the roll surface cracks and the decrease of the service life. In this paper, using a 3D thermal-force coupling finite element analysis, the thermal characteristic of casting roll has been simulated during the twin-roll thin strip casting, the effects of the thickness of roll sleeve, the number and positions of cooling water holes and the materials of roll sleeve on temperature field and thermal stress have been discussed. This work will provide theoretical basis for optimum design of the casting roll. © 2008 Verlag Stahleisen GmbH, Düsseldorf.

Zhang, X, Liu, W, Li, S & Ying, M 1970, 'Reasoning with Cardinal Directions: An Efficient Algorithm.', AAAI, National Conference of the American Association for Artificial Intelligence, AAAI Press, Chicago, Illinois, USA, pp. 387-392.
View description>>

Direction relations between extended spatial objects are important commonsense knowledge. Recently, Goyal and Egenhofer proposed a formal model, called Cardinal Direction Calculus (CDC), for representing direction relations between connected plane regions. CDC is perhaps the most expressive qualitative calculus for directional information, and has attracted increasing interest from areas such as artificial intelligence, geographical information science, and image retrieval. Given a network of CDC constraints, the consistency problem is deciding if the network is realizable by connected regions in the real plane. This paper provides a cubic algorithm for checking consistency of basic CDC constraint networks. As one byproduct, we also show that any consistent network of CDC constraints has a canonical realization in digital plane. The cubic algorithm can also been adapted to cope with disconnected regions, in which case the current best algorithm is of time complexity O(n5).

Zhang, Y & Xu, G 1970, 'Using Web Clustering for Web Communities Mining and Analysis', 2008 IEEE/WIC/ACM International Conference on Web Intelligence and Intelligent Agent Technology, 2008 IEEE/WIC/ACM International Conference on Web Intelligence and Intelligent Agent Technology (WI-IAT), IEEE, Sydney, NSW, Australia, pp. 20-31.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Zhang, Y, Lei, G, Shao, KR & Lavers, LD 1970, 'A global optimal technique based on moving least square and improved differential evolution', Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Electrical Machines and Systems Icems 2008, pp. 409-412.
View description>>

This paper presents a global optimal technique based on Moving Least Square (MLS) fitting technique and Improved Differential Evolution Algorithm (IDEA) for inverse problems on optimizing electromagnetic equipments. In the proposed method, MLS are firstly used to simulate complex objective functions as a Response Surface Model (RSM) in multidimensional space, for transforming an implicit function to an explicit one, then Differential Evolution Algorithm (DEA) is improved and used by combining with MLS to get the global optimization with high accuracy and efficiency. TEAM Workshop Problem 22, as numerical benchmark, indicates that the proposed method is superior to other random optimal techniques, and it can be comprehensively used for inverse problems in engineering electromagnetic applications.

Zhang, Y, Natkunarajah, R, Su, SW & Nguyen, J 1970, 'Model Predictive Controller Design for Static Var Compensator', 8th Asia-Pacific Conference on Control and Measurement, Asia-Pacific Conference on Control and Measurement, Nanjing University of Aeronautics & Astronautics, Harbin, P.R.China, pp. 100-104.

Zhang, YX 1970, 'Formulation of a nonlinear shear-flexible rectangular layered reinforced concrete plate element by updated Lagrangian approach', Proceedings of the 4th International Structural Engineering and Construction Conference Isec 4 Innovations in Structural Engineering and Construction, pp. 811-816.
View description>>

A displacement-based shear-flexible 4-node, 24-DOF rectangular layered plate element is formulated using updated Lagrangian approach in this paper for geometric and material nonlinear analysis of reinforced concrete slabs under service loads. Shear deformation effects are included in the element due to the application of Mindlin-Reissner plate assumption, however, shear-locking problem is avoided naturally by employing the Timoshenko's beam functions for the deflection and rotation functions of the element. Geometric nonlinearity with large deformation but moderate rotation and material nonlinearity including tension, compression, concrete cracking and tension stiffening, have been accounted for in the nonlinear finite element analysis of RC slabs. The element is validated by the numerical analysis of reinforced concrete slabs. © 2008 Taylor & Francis Group.

Zhang, YX 1970, 'Nonlinear analysis of a reinforced concrete shallow arch using a new layered cylindrical quadrilateral element', Proceedings of the 4th International Structural Engineering and Construction Conference Isec 4 Innovations in Structural Engineering and Construction, pp. 843-848.
View description>>

Based on Kirchhoff's thin plate assumption, a simple, displacement-based 4-node, 24-DOF layered cylindrical quadrilateral flat plate/shell element, which combines a 4-node quadrilateral membrane element with drilling or rotational degrees of freedom, and a refined non-conforming 4-node 12-DOF quadrilateral plate bending element RPQ4, is proposed in this paper for the geometric and material nonlinear analysis of reinforced concrete cylindrical shell structures. The element is employed to investigate the nonlinear structural behavior of a reinforced concrete shallow arch, and the agreements between the computed results of the shallow reinforced-concrete arch and those obtained from experiment study provide validation of the proposed finite element model. © 2008 Taylor & Francis Group.

Zhang, Z, Gunes, H & Piccardi, M 1970, 'Tracking People in Crowds by a Part Matching Approach', 2008 IEEE Fifth International Conference on Advanced Video and Signal Based Surveillance, 2008 IEEE Fifth International Conference on Advanced Video and Signal Based Surveillance (AVSS), IEEE, Santa Fe, NM, USA, pp. 88-95.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Zhang, Z, Gunes, H, Piccardi, M & IEEE 1970, 'AN ACCURATE ALGORITHM FOR HEAD DETECTION BASED ON XYZ AND HSV HAIR AND SKIN COLOR MODELS', 2008 15TH IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON IMAGE PROCESSING, VOLS 1-5, IEEE International Conference on Image Processing, IEEE, San Diego, CA, USA, pp. 1644-1647.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

Head detection in images and videos plays an important role in a wide range of computer vision and multimedia applications. In this paper, we propose a new head detection algorithm that is capable of handling significantly variable conditions in terms of viewpoint (i.e. frontal, profile, back view, from -180 degrees to +180 degrees), tilt angle (i.e. from horizontal to aerial), scale and resolution. To this aim, we built a new model for the head based on appearance distributions and shape constraints. The appearance distribution models the colors of hair and skin by sets of Gaussian mixtures in the XYZ and HSV color spaces. The shape constraint fits an elliptical model to the candidate region and compares its parameters with priors based on the human anatomy. This presents a pixel-level measurement of accuracy for the proposed algorithm both prior and after applying the spatial constraints referenced by the elliptical model. The excellent accuracy at both levels confirms the accuracy of the appearance model and the appropriateness of the spatial and topological process.

Zhang, Z, Kodagoda, S, Ruiz, D, Katupitiya, J & Dissanayake, G 1970, 'Classification of Bidens in Wheat Farms', 2008 15th International Conference on Mechatronics and Machine Vision in Practice, 2008 15th International Conference on Mechatronics and Machine Vision in Practice (M2VIP), IEEE, Auckland, NZ, pp. 505-510.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

Bidens pilosa L (commonly known as cobbler's peg) is an annual broad leaf weed widely distributed in tropical and subtropical regions of the world and is reported to be a weed of 31 crops including wheat. Automatic detection of Bidens in wheat farms is a nontrivial problem due to their similarity in color and presence of occlusions. This paper proposes a methodology which could be used to discriminate Bidens from wheat to be used in operations such as autonomous weed destruction. A spectrometer is used to analyze the optical properties of Bidens and wheat leaves while achieving high classification results. However, due to the practical constraints of using spectrometers, a color camera based technique is proposed. It is shown that the color based segmentation followed by shape based validation algorithm gives rise to high detection rates with lower false detections. We have experimentally evaluated the algorithm with Bidens detection rate of 80% and a 10% false alarm rate.

Zhang, Z, Kodagoda, S, Ruiz, D, Katupitiya, J & Dissanayake, G 1970, 'Classification of Bidens in Wheat Farms', 2008 15TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON MECHATRONICS AND MACHINE VISION IN PRACTICE (M2VIP), 15th International Conference on Mechatronics and Machine Vision in Practice, IEEE, Auckland, NEW ZEALAND, pp. 494-+.

Zhao, Y, Zhang, H, Cao, L, Zhang, C & Bohlscheid, H 1970, 'Combined Pattern Mining: From Learned Rules to Actionable Knowledge', Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics), Australasian Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence, Springer Berlin Heidelberg, Auckland, Newzealand, pp. 393-403.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

Association mining often produces large collections of association rules that are difficult to understand and put into action. In this paper, we have designed a novel notion of combined patterns to extract useful and actionable knowledge from a large amount of learned rules. We also present definitions of combined patterns, design novel metrics to measure their interestingness and analyze the redundancy in combined patterns. Experimental results on real-life social security data demonstrate the effectiveness and potential of the proposed approach in extracting actionable knowledge from complex data. © 2008 Springer Berlin Heidelberg.

Zhao, Y, Zhang, H, Cao, L, Zhang, C & Bohlscheid, H 1970, 'Efficient Mining of Event-Oriented Negative Sequential Rules', 2008 IEEE/WIC/ACM International Conference on Web Intelligence and Intelligent Agent Technology, 2008 IEEE/WIC/ACM International Conference on Web Intelligence and Intelligent Agent Technology (WI-IAT), IEEE, University of Technology, Sydney, Australia, pp. 336-342.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

Traditional sequential pattern mining deals with positive sequential patterns only, that is, only frequent sequential patterns with the appearance of items are discovered. However, it is often interesting in many applications to find frequent sequential patterns with the non-occurrence of some items, which are referred to as negative sequential patterns. This paper analyzes three types of negative sequential rules and presents a new technique to find event-oriented negative sequential rules. Its effectiveness and efficiency are shown in our experiments. © 2008 IEEE.

Zhen Ye, Weiwei Song, Dayong Ye & Lei Yue 1970, 'Dynamic trust model applied in mobile agent', 2008 6th IEEE International Conference on Industrial Informatics, 2008 6th IEEE International Conference on Industrial Informatics (INDIN), IEEE, pp. 536-540.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

A novel philosophy of secure mobile agent model which is based on trust model, risk evaluation and cryptography is proposed in this paper. Compared to current related research, our dynamic model can update in real time and is comprehensive for combining subjective and objective estimation. In addition, this model is broadly adaptive due to its flexibility. Trust and trust relationship are defined on secure problem as while as character of trust itself which are faced when analyzing mobile agent, and trust update function and recommender evaluate function which are already existent are improved. Finally, secure problems which might be brought by trust are discussed. © 2008 IEEE.

Zheng, L, Hoang, DB & IEEE 1970, 'Applying graph coloring in resource coordination for a high-density wireless environment', 2008 IEEE 8TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON COMPUTER AND INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY, VOLS 1 AND 2, IEEE International Conference on Computer and Information Technology, IEEE, Sydney, Australia, pp. 664-669.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

In a high density wireless environment, channel interference among users of many overlapped Basic Service Sets (OBSSs) is a serious problem. Our solution for the problem relies on a resource coordination scheme that utilizes the spatial distribution of the transceivers for channel reuse and time-slot division multiplexing for downlink transmission sharing among all participating BSSs. In this paper we show that an OBSS environment can be modeled by a planar graph and the OBSS group coordination assignment problem can be considered as a vertex coloring problem whose solution involves at most four colors. The graph coloring solution algorithm for the OBSS group coordination assignment is presented. The actual coloring is demonstrated, using a heuristics of Maximum Degree First. Performance simulation results of the coordination algorithm are also presented.

Zheng, L, Hoang, DB & SOC, IC 1970, 'Performance Analysis for Resource Coordination in a High-density Wireless Environment', 2008 IEEE SYMPOSIUM ON COMPUTERS AND COMMUNICATIONS, VOLS 1-3, 13th IEEE Symposium on Computers and Communications, IEEE COMPUTER SOC, Marrakech, MOROCCO, pp. 572-577.

Zheng, L, Jin, J, Guo, Y & Zhu, J 1970, 'Electromagnetic analysis of a permanent magnet linear synchronous motor', Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Electrical Machines and Systems Icems 2008, 11th International Conference on Electrical Machines and Systems, WORLD PUBLISHING CORPORATION, Huazhong Univ Sci & Technol, Wuhan, PEOPLES R CHINA, pp. 3453-3458.
View description>>

This paper presents the design and electromagnetic characteristics analysis of a permanent magnet linear synchronous motor (PMLSM). The PMLSM is composed of a primary stator and a secondary mover, which are made up of three-phase copper windings and permanent magnets, respectively. The technical and economic targets of linear motor are directly related to the electromagnetic characteristics. However, the magnetic circuit structure of PMLSM is complex, and the traditional methods, such as magnetic circuit method and graphic method, can not calculate the electromagnetic field distribution accurately. In recent years, the electromagnetic numerical calculation method is increasing of people's attention. In order to accurately calculate the magnetic field characteristics and electromagnetic parameters of the PMLSM, finite element analysis (FEA) method based on ANSYS is used to analyze the no-load characteristics and basic load characteristics of the PMLSM. Finally, the actual motor operating characteristics are tested, which proved the validity of the motor design and the analysis method. The work will be to the important basis for the optimization design of a PMLSM and development of a high temperature superconducting (HTS) LSM in the near future.

Zheng, L, Jin, J, Guo, Y & Zhu, J 1970, 'Electromagnetic Analysis of High Temperature Superconducting Linear Synchronous Motor', Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Electrical Machines and Systems (ICEMS), International Conference on Electrical Machines and Systems, World Publishing Corporation, Wuhan, China, pp. 3453-3458.
View description>>

This paper presents the design and electromagnetic characteristics analysis of a permanent magnet linear synchronous motor (PMLSM). The PMLSM is composed of a primary stator and a secondary mover, which are made up of three-phase copper windings and permanent magnets, respectively. The technical and economic targets of linear motor are directly related to the electromagnetic characteristics. However, the magnetic circuit structure of PMLSM is complex, and the traditional methods, such as magnetic circuit method and graphic method, can not calculate the electromagnetic field distribution accurately. In recent years, the electromagnetic numerical calculation method is increasing of peoplepsilas attention. In order to accurately calculate the magnetic field characteristics and electromagnetic parameters of the PMLSM, finite element analysis (FEA) method based on ANSYS is used to analyze the no-load characteristics and basic load characteristics of the PMLSM. Finally, the actual motor operating characteristics are tested, which proved the validity of the motor design and the analysis method. The work will be to the important basis for the optimization design of a PMLSM and development of a high temperature superconducting (HTS) LSM in the near future.

Zhidong Li, Jing Chen & Schraudolph, NN 1970, 'An improved mean-shift tracker with kernel prediction and scale optimisation targeting for low-frame-rate video tracking', 2008 19th International Conference on Pattern Recognition, 2008 19th International Conference on Pattern Recognition (ICPR), IEEE, pp. 1-4.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Zhidong Li, Jing Chen, Chong, A, Zhenghua Yu & Schraudolph, NN 1970, 'Using stochastic gradient-descent scheme in appearance model based face tracking', 2008 IEEE 10th Workshop on Multimedia Signal Processing, 2008 IEEE 10th Workshop on Multimedia Signal Processing (MMSP), IEEE, pp. 640-645.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Zhigang Zeng, Huangqiong Chen & Shiping Wen 1970, 'Global exponential stability of recurrent neural networks with pure time-varying delays', 2008 IEEE International Joint Conference on Neural Networks (IEEE World Congress on Computational Intelligence), 2008 IEEE International Joint Conference on Neural Networks (IJCNN 2008 - Hong Kong), IEEE, Hong Kong, PEOPLES R CHINA, pp. 887-892.
View/Download from: Publisher's site

Zhou, W, Miro, JV & Dissanayake, G 1970, 'Information-Driven 6D SLAM Based on Ranging Vision', 2008 IEEE/RSJ INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ROBOTS AND INTELLIGENT SYSTEMS, VOLS 1-3, CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS, IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems, IEEE, Nice, France, pp. 2072-2077.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

This paper presents a novel solution for building three-dimensional dense maps in unknown and unstructured environment with reduced computational costs. This is achieved by giving the robot the 'intelligence' to select, out of the steadily collected data, the maximally informative observations to be used in the estimation of the robot location and its surroundings. We show that, although the actual evaluation of information gain for each frame introduces an additional computational cost, the overall efficiency is significantly increased by keeping the matrix compact. The noticeable advantage of this strategy is that the continuously gathered data is not heuristically segmented prior to be input to the filter. Quite the opposite, the scheme lends itself to be statistically optimal and is capable of handling large data sets collected at realistic sampling rates. The strategy is generic to any 3D feature-based simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM) algorithm in the information form, but in the work presented here it is closely coupled to a proposed novel appearance-based sensory package. It consists of a conventional camera and a range imager, which provide range, bearing and elevation inputs to visual salient features as commonly used by three-dimensional point-based SLAM, but it is also particularly well adapted for lightweight mobile platforms such as those commonly employed for Urban Search and Rescue (USAR), chosen here to demonstrate the excellences of the proposed strategy. ©2008 IEEE.

Zhu, J, Lu, H, Guo, Y & Lin, Z 1970, 'Development of electromagnetic linear actuators for micro robots (invited)', Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Electrical Machines and Systems Icems 2008, International Conference on Electrical Machines and Systems, World Publishing Corporation, Wuhan, China, pp. 3673-3679.
View description>>

For micro robotic applications, piezoelectric actuators are widely used, whereas electromagnetic actuators are not favored because of the complex structures and difficult fabrication. On the other hand, electromagnetic actuators have many merits that are suitable for robotic applications, such as relatively large displacement or stroke and no need of high voltage power supply. With the recent fast development of micro precision machining techniques, the fabrication of complex structures is no longer a problem. This paper presents our recent study of developing electromagnetic actuators for micro robotic applications, including a comparison between piezoelectric and electromagnetic actuators, design of two types of electromagnetic actuators, and fabrication and testing of a moving magnet tubular linear actuator.

Zhu, X, Sun, Y & Moritz, J 1970, 'A CMOS 80mW 400MHz seventh-order MLF FLF linear phase filter with gain boost', 2008 15th IEEE International Conference on Electronics, Circuits and Systems, 2008 15th IEEE International Conference on Electronics, Circuits and Systems - (ICECS 2008), IEEE, pp. 300-303.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

A 400MHz CMOS seventh-order linear phase gm-C filter based on current-mode (CM) follow-the-leader-feedback (FLF) structure is realized. The filter is implemented using a fully-differential linear operational transconductance amplifier (OTA) based on source degeneration topology. PSpice simulations in a standard TSMC 0.18μm CMOS process and with 2.5V power supply have shown that the cut-off frequency of the filter ranges from 290MHz to 430MHz and dynamic range is about 54dB. The group delay ripple is approximately 6% over the whole tuning range and total power consumption is only 78.7mW at 400MHz cut-off frequency. © 2008 IEEE.

Zhu, X, Sun, Y & Moritz, J 1970, 'Design of current-mode gm-C MLF elliptic filters for wireless receivers', 2008 15th IEEE International Conference on Electronics, Circuits and Systems, 2008 15th IEEE International Conference on Electronics, Circuits and Systems - (ICECS 2008), IEEE, pp. 296-299.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

Two CMOS fifth-order gm-C elliptic lowpass filters based on the current-mode multiple loop feedback (MLF) leap-frog (LF) and follow-the-leader-feedback (FLF) configurations are designed. The filters are implemented using a fully-differential linear operational transconductance amplifier (OTA). PSpice simulations using a standard TSMC 0.18μm CMOS process with 1.8V power supply have shown that the cut-off frequency of both filters can be tuned from 28MHz to 44MHz, dynamic range is about 67dB and 62dB for the LF and FLF filters respectively, and power consumption is about 67mW at 30MHz for both filters. Less than 0.5dB passband ripple is achieved for both filters; 65dB and 50dB stopband attenuations are obtained for MLF LF and FLF configurations, respectively. © 2008 IEEE.

Zhu, X, Zhang, P, Wu, X, He, D, Zhang, C & Shi, Y 1970, 'Cleansing Noisy Data Streams', 2008 Eighth IEEE International Conference on Data Mining, 2008 Eighth IEEE International Conference on Data Mining (ICDM), IEEE, Pisa, Italy, pp. 1139-1144.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

We identify a new research problem on cleansing noisy data streams which contain incorrectly labeled training examples. The objective is to accurately identify and remove mislabeled data, such that the prediction models built from the cleansed streams can be more accurate than the ones trained from the raw noisy streams. For this purpose, we first use bias-variance decomposition to derive a maximum variance margin (MVM) principle for stream data cleansing. Following this principle, we further propose a local and global filtering (LgF) framework to combine the strength of local noise filtering (within one single data chunk) and global noise filtering (across a number of adjacent data chunks) to identify erroneous data. Experimental results on six data streams (including two real-world data streams) demonstrate that LgF significantly outperforms simple methods in identifying noisy examples.

Zhu, XQ, Hao, H & Fan, KQ 1970, 'Wavelet-based active sensing technique for delamination detection in RC structures', Proceedings of the 10th International Symposium on Structural Engineering for Young Experts Isseye 2008, 10th International Symposium on Structural Engineering for Young Experts, SCIENCE PRESS BEIJING, Hunan Univ, Changsha, PEOPLES R CHINA, pp. 1147-1152.
View description>>

The study is to present a wavelet-based active sensing technique to detect the delamination between the steel bars and concrete in the reinforced concrete structures using the guided waves. The piezoelectric components are mounted on reinforcing bars that embedded in RC structures as sensors and actuators to generate the guided wave, which is sensitive to the delamination between the steel bars and concrete. The guided wave is analysed by the Morlet wavelet transform as a basis to construct the damage sensitive features. The original input signal is reconstructed using wavelet-based signal processing. Damage can be detected by examining the distortion of the time reversibility. The experimental validation is carried out on a concrete slab with different debonds.

Zi Lu, Rui-ling Han, Pei-pei Zhang, Yi-ming Ren & Guangquan Zhang 1970, 'An intelligent evaluation system for tourism websites in Shijiazhuang city', 2008 3rd International Conference on Intelligent System and Knowledge Engineering, 2008 3rd International Conference on Intelligent System and Knowledge Engineering (ISKE 2008), IEEE, Xianeb, pp. 1404-1408.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

This study conducts evaluate research on ten selected tourism websites of Shijiazhuang city and establishes a complete tourism website intelligence evaluation index system. This paper presents this system and analyzes its components and functions. It also presents how to apply fuzzy clustering analysis to evaluate the development of these tourism websites. The proposed evaluation system can be used for other cities tourism website evaluation and the evaluation results can be directly used for improving Shijiazhuang city tourism website development.

Zowghi, D & Cleland-Huang, J 1970, 'Transforming the Requirements Engineering Classroom Experience', 2008 16th IEEE International Requirements Engineering Conference, 2008 16th IEEE International Requirements Engineering Conference (RE), IEEE, pp. 297-297.
View/Download from: Publisher's site
View description>>

This panel presents and discusses effective techniques for teaching requirements engineering principles and practices, in ways which actively engage students in the learning process. © 2008 IEEE.