Publications

Ball, JE, Babister, MK, Nathan, R, Weinmann, PE, Weeks, W, Retallick, M & Testoni, I 2016, Australian Rainfall and Runoff - A Guide to Flood Estimation, Commonwealth of Australia, Canberra.
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Since its first publication in 1958, Australian Rainfall and Runoff (ARR) has remained one of the most influential and widely used guidelines published by Engineers Australia (EA). The 3rd edition, published in 1987, retained the same level of national and international acclaim as its predecessors. With nationwide applicability, balancing the varied climates of Australia, the information and the approaches presented in Australian Rainfall and Runoff are essential for policy decisions and projects involving: infrastructure such as roads, rail, airports, bridges, dams, stormwater and sewer systems; town planning; mining; developing flood management plans for urban and rural communities; flood warnings and flood emergency management; operation of regulated river systems; and prediction of extreme flood levels. However, many of the practices recommended in the 1987 edition of ARR have become outdated, and no longer represent the accepted views of professionals, both in terms of technique and approach to water management. This fact, coupled with greater understanding of climate and climatic influences makes the securing of current and complete rainfall and streamflow data and expansion of focus from flood events to the full spectrum of flows and rainfall events, crucial to maintaining an adequate knowledge of the processes that govern Australian rainfall and streamflow in the broadest sense, allowing better management, policy and planning decisions to be made. One of the major responsibilities of the National Committee on Water Engineering of Engineers Australia is the periodic revision of ARR. While the NCWE had long identified the need to update ARR it had become apparent by 2002 that even with a piecemeal approach the task could not be carried out without significant financial support. In 2008 the revision of ARR was identified as a priority in the Council of Australian Governments endorsed National Adaptation Framework for Climate Change. In addition to ...

Bird, TS 2016, Fundamentals of Aperture Antennas and Arrays From Theory to Design, Fabrication and Testing, John Wiley & Sons, USA.
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Because of its importance and to provide more than a superficial treatment of arrays, the topic of mutual coupling is ... An introduction to the fabrication and test of aperture antennas is included as well as some recent examples of them.

Cetindamar, D, Phaal, R & Probert, D 2016, Technology Management, Macmillan Education UK.
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Cetindamar, D, Phaal, R & Probert, D 2016, Technology Management Activities and Tools, Palgrave Macmillan.
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There is no single best way to manage technology in a company and there is no mechanistic route to success, but this accessible handbook provides a wealth of international examples, up-to-date case studies and activities designed to ...

Chen, F, Zhou, J, Wang, Y, Yu, K, Arshad, SZ, Khawaji, A & Conway, D 2016, Robust Multimodal Cognitive Load Measurement, Springer, Switzerland.
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This book explores robust multimodal cognitive load measurement with physiological and behavioural modalities, which involve the eye, Galvanic Skin Response, speech, language, pen input, mouse movement and multimodality fusions.

Hawryszkiewycz, I 2016, Designing Creative Organizations Tools, Processes and Practice, 1, Emerald Group Publishing, Bingley, UK.
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This book will be of value to all those who are designing business systems in volatile environments and for students and researchers of innovation, design thinking, business model design and product development.

Khalilpour, R & Vassallo, A 2016, Community Energy Networks With Storage Modeling Frameworks for Distributed Generation, Springer.
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This book addresses the problem of building an optimal community energy network in a decentralized distributed energy context.

Larsson, M 2016, Leadership in interaction, Panthalassa, Sydney, Australia.
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Reports on research into the leadership practices of twenty-five highly innovative Small-to-Medium Enterprises (SMEs) in Sydney, Australia.

Lei, G, Zhu, J & Guo, Y 2016, Multidisciplinary Design Optimization Methods for Electrical Machines and Drive Systems, SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN, Berlin, Germany.
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This book presents various computationally efficient component- and system-level design optimization methods for advanced electrical machines and drive systems. Readers will discover novel design optimization concepts developed by the authors and other researchers in the last decade, including application-oriented, multi-disciplinary, multi-objective, multi-level, deterministic, and robust design optimization methods. A multi-disciplinary analysis includes various aspects of materials, electromagnetics, thermotics, mechanics, power electronics, applied mathematics, manufacturing technology, and quality control and management. This book will benefit both researchers and engineers in the field of motor and drive design and manufacturing, thus enabling the effective development of the high-quality production of innovative, high-performance drive systems for challenging applications, such as green energy systems and electric vehicles.

Waldron, KJ, Kinzel, GL & Agrawal, SK 2016, Kinematics, Dynamics, and Design of Machinery, 2nd, John Wiley & Sons, New York, USA.
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Kinematics, Dynamics, and Design of Machinery, Third Edition, presents a fresh approach to kinematic design and analysis and is an ideal textbook for senior undergraduates and graduates in mechanical, automotive and production engineering ...

Woodside, AG & Sood, SC 2016, Storytelling-Case Archetype Decoding and Assignment Manual (SCADAM), Emerald Group Publishing Limited.
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Ying, M 2016, Foundations of Quantum Programming, Morgan Kaufmann Publishers.
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Drawing upon years of experience and research in quantum computing research and using numerous examples and illustrations, Mingsheng Ying has created a very useful reference on quantum programming languages and important tools and ...

Altaee, A, Sharif, A & Zaragoza, G 2016, 'Forward osmosis pretreatment of seawater for thermal desalination' in Water Filtration Systems: Processes, Uses and Importance, pp. 1-26.
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Thermal desalination technologies are still widely used for seawater desalination. The main advantages of these technologies is that the capability to treat high salinity seawater and product water TDS is not affected by the feed salinity. Nevertheless, thermal desalination suffers from a number of drawbacks including limited feed conversion ratio and high energy consumption. The latter issue is further aggravated by scale development and deposition on the heat exchangers. Scaling problems can be alleviated by dosing antiscalants in the feed water, though this wouldn't prevent the scaling issue over time. Furthermore, Nanofiltration (NF) filtration of seawater is sometimes carried out for the removal of scaling ions from seawater. NF coupling with thermal desalination may prevent scaling problems, but the cost of NF pretreatment was unjustifiably expensive. Alternatively, Forward Osmosis (FO) pretreatment of seawater was proposed for the removal of scaling ions from the seawater feed to the thermal desalination plants. FO operates by natural osmosis energy created across a semipermeable membrane separating two solutions having different osmotic pressure. Therefore, the cost of seawater pretreatment can be reduced significantly. FO process is relatively new technique and requires more evaluation and investigation before field application. The main challenges of FO application in seawater desalination and pretreatment, in particular, are the draw solution type and FO membrane. Important requirements the selection of the most optimal draw solution is to be inexpensive, easy to regenerate, and non-toxic material. Recent studies proposed brine reject to be the draw solution of FO process; however, brine reject osmotic pressure would induce a limited membrane flux due to its moderately low osmotic pressure. Higher membrane flux can be achieved by manipulating the operating parameters and/or using FO membrane of high water permeability. Applying positive pressure on the...

Barua, S & Braun, R 2016, 'Direction of Arrival (DOA) and Channel Estimation' in Diab, A (ed), Advances in Wireless Technologies and Telecommunication, IGI Global, USA, pp. 216-235.
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Future fit demand combined with a flexible technical solution that is by latest wireless technology stands for. Estimating of the user's location is going to be an integral system with the upcoming mobile technology. This chapter shows some techniques for estimating the direction of arrival (DOA) with mathematical elaboration and simulation results as well. Estimating the DOA in this chapter is regarded to the purpose of using Smart antenna system. It is possible to estimate the location of a user by considering the uplink transmission system of the mobile communication system. Estimating the channel and accurate path delay is also an important task which might be done by using 1D Uniform Linear Array (ULA) or 2D Uniform Rectangular (URA) array antenna system. In this chapter, 1D ULA is considered in order to utilize some popular techniques. The performance of a communication system between two ends is substantially determined by the behaviors of the channel characteristics. It determines signal transformation while propagating through the channel between receivers and transmitters. Accurate channel information is crucial for both the transmitter and receiver ends to perform their best services. The ultimate focus of this chapter is to estimate the channel based on 2D parameter estimation. Uniform Rectangular Array (URA) is used to perform the 2D parameter estimation. It is possible to estimate Azimuth and Elevation of a source by using URA model.

Bird, TS 2016, 'Reflector Antennas' in Handbook of Antenna Technologies, Springer Singapore, pp. 853-922.
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© Springer Science+Business Media Singapore 2016. All rights reserved. Reflector antennas are in widespread use in communications and radar applications in the twenty-first century. They are seen on towers for point-to-point telecommunication links, on houses for pay tv and in news items of spacecraft travelling to distant galaxies. This chapter provides an introduction to reflector antenna fundamentals for design and analysis. The history of the focusing properties of reflectors extends back to ancient times, but some of the more intricate properties such as defocusing have not been realised until recent times. Some basic reflector geometries are considered initially through a review of geometric optics. The basic design principles of a reflector are established from a rigorous point of view through a study of the paraboloid geometry, its radiation pattern and focal region fields. Practical reflectors have imperfections due to surface errors or misalignments, and how these impact the reflector radiation pattern is outlined. The means of feeding a parabolic reflector is outlined through a description of the dipole, waveguide and horn feeds. Some other reflector configurations are discussed including the offset parabolic reflector, the symmetrical and offset Cassegrain geometries and the spheroid. An introduction to reflector shaping is given through a description of two techniques. The chapter concludes with a description of three typical reflector applications in satellite communications, weather radar and radio astronomy.

Brun, T & Hsieh, M-H 2016, 'Entanglement-Assisted Quantum Error-Correcting Codes' in Lidar, D & Brun, T (eds), Quantum Error Correction, Cambridge University Press, US, pp. 181-200.
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We provide a self-contained introduction for entanglement-assisted quantum error-correcting codes in this book chapter.

Calvo, RA, Hussain, MS, Milne, D, Nordbo, K, Hickie, I & Danckwerts, P 2016, 'Augmenting Online Mental Health Support Services' in Gaming and Technology Addiction, IGI Global, pp. 264-285.
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The Internet allows mental health organisations to provide services to more people via new models of care. Amongst these, online support groups are becoming increasingly popular. This model of mental health service provision includes moderators who read posts, recognise those that need attention and provide support via online responses. However, as these groups become more popular they risk becoming more difficult to manage due to the sheer volume of posts. This challenge can be addressed through computational linguistics techniques. This chapter reports on work with a mental health organisation on three components to help scale up the number of people they can support. The design aims to go beyond helping end-users and explores how design can support the wellbeing of the moderators themselves. The design of the three components is discussed: 1) A triage component automatically detects posts that need a prompt response. 2) An intervention generator (IG) generates a draft response for the moderator to use, for example a positive psychology intervention. These two can help in the management of a discussion forum, supporting positive behaviours, not just dealing in situations of distress. 3) A component for synchronous support through an augmented chat system.

Chen, H, Zhang, Y & Zhu, D 2016, 'Identifying Technological Topic Changes in Patent Claims Using Topic Modeling' in Daim, T, Porter, A, Chiavetta, D & Saritas, O (eds), Innovation, Technology, and Knowledge Management, Springer International Publishing, Switzerland, pp. 187-209.
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Chen, Z, Ngo, HH, Guo, W & Eslamian, S 2016, 'Water Shortages' in Eslamian, S (ed), Urban Water Reuse Handbook, CRC Press, Taylor & Francis Group, USA, pp. 3-14.
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The growing environmental problems, including the diminishing natural water resources, greater water demand triggered by population growth and urbanization, deteriorated water quality, and highly changing climate, have highlighted the importance of considering the sustainability of water resource and supply systems in both the urban and rural areas. Specifically, the world population continues to expand with a growth rate of 1.2% each year, resulting in increased pressure on water quality, safety and health. This chapter overviews the current situations in water availability over the world, which based on information from literature review, recent research studies, and analyses of the case studies. It focuses on the issues related to the deficiency of water quantity and deterioration of water quality. With identified problems and challenges, this chapter also discusses some potential responses, opportunities and solutions to combat with water scarcity.

Cotta, C, Gallardo, JE, Mathieson, L & Moscato, P 2016, 'Memetic Algorithms: A Contemporary Introduction' in Webster, JG (ed), Wiley Encyclopedia of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Wiley, USA, pp. 1-15.
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Abstract Memetic algorithms (MAs) constitute a search and optimization paradigm based on the orchestrated interplay between global and local search components, and have the exploitation of specific problem knowledge as one of their central tenets. MAs can take different forms although a classical incarnation involves the integration of independent search processes within a population‐based optimization approach. We discuss this basic structure as well as several of the issues arising in the design process. This paves the way for providing a glimpse of some algorithmic extensions of this basic scheme. After providing an overview of the numerous practical applications of MAs, we close this article with some current perspectives of these techniques.

Crews, KI 2016, 'Ch12: Nonconventional timber construction' in Harries, K & Sharma, B (eds), Nonconventional and Vernacular Construction Materials Characterisation, Properties and Applications, Woodhead Publishing Limited, United Kingdom.
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Provides a state-of-the-art review of the modern use and engineering of nonconventional building materials Contains chapters that focus on individual construction materials and address both material characterization and structural ...

Das, P, Khan, MMK, Saha, SC & Rasul, MG 2016, 'Numerical Study of Flow Through a Reducer for Scale Growth Suppression' in Thermofluid Modeling for Energy Efficiency Applications, Elsevier, pp. 119-148.
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© 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Scale formation in alumina refineries is a common phenomenon and it occurs where supersaturated solutions are in contact with solid surfaces. It often leads to serious on-going technical problems and is a major cause of production loss due to equipment downtime required for descaling and cleaning operations.The scale formation mechanism in Bayer process equipment is complex and is not yet fully understood. Numerous researchers indicate that scale growth is strongly affected by fluid velocity while also being influenced by a number of other factors such as the quality of bauxite ore, rheological properties of fluid, turbulence and inertia of suspended particles, and adhesive property of particles. It is common knowledge that, if the particles approach the wall at right angles, the chance to cross the laminar sub-layer to accumulate scale on the solid surface increases. The components (stream-wise (. u'x) and cross-stream (. u'r)) of the fluctuating velocity play a critical role in whether the potential for scale formation is increased or suppressed.In this chapter, a numerical study using the Finite Volume Method to analyze the fluid dynamics behavior of water as it flows through a concentric reducer used in the Bayer plant is presented. The simulation results show a significant variation of the stream-wise (. u'x) and cross-stream (. u'r) components of the fluctuating velocity as flow passes through the concentric reducer. In the reducer, the cross-stream (. u'r) component is greater than that at the walls of the straight pipes connected to the reducer. The variation of the cross-stream component of the fluctuating velocity is believed to be accountable for the increase in scale deposition at the reducer section.

de la Cruz del Río-Rama, M, Peris-Ortiz, M & Merigó-Lindahl, JM 2016, 'Monterrei Wine Tourist Route (Galicia-Spain): Analysis from the Perspective of Offer' in Wine and Tourism, Springer International Publishing, pp. 57-69.
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© Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2016. In this chapter, the results of an empirical study carried out in establishments (wineries, restaurants, and hotel accommodation) adhered to the Monterrei Wine Route (Galicia-Spain) in 2013 are presented. The objectives of the study were to know the profi le of establishments and the offer of enotourism activities, as well as to analyze the profi le of enotourists from the point of view of the establishments, to measure the level of satisfaction of their adherence to the route, the perceived image of the destination, and the assessment of the enotourism activity of the route. Finally, a SWOT analysis is carried out from the information provided by the establishments that took part in the survey. The methodology consists on a descriptive analysis. The research results have let us respond to all the proposed objectives, showing the adhered establishments of a low level of satisfaction with their adherence to the route.

Devitt, SJ, Stephens, AM, Munro, WJ & Nemoto, K 2016, 'Analysis of an Atom-Optical Architecture for Quantum Computation' in Principles and Methods of Quantum Information Technologies, Springer Japan, pp. 407-437.
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El Saliby, I, McDonagh, A, Erdei, L & Kyong Shon, H 2016, 'Water Reclamation by Heterogeneous Photocatalysis over Titanium Dioxide' in Green Technologies for Sustainable Water Management, American Society of Civil Engineers, pp. 679-704.
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This chapter presents the fundamentals and basic principles of water reclamation by heterogeneous photocatalysis (HP). The effects of important operational parameters on the overall treatment efficiency of photocatalytic system are addressed in the chapter in terms of photocatalyst loading, pollutant concentration, pH and temperature of water, dissolved oxygen, and light intensity. The most popular semiconductor used in HP is Titanium dioxide (TiO2) for being relatively inexpensive, chemically stable, and nontoxic. Most water remediation technologies generate a significant amount of wastewater that requires costly retreatment or discharge to evaporation ponds, rivers, and oceans. HP processes that decompose aqueous contaminants are highly dependent on the reaction conditions and the setup of photocatalytic reactors. Visible-light responsive photocatalysts promise a more effective utilization of solar energy. Doping and co-doping of titania is a practical approach toward obtaining improved visible-light active photocatalysts.

Fitch, R, Alempijevic, A & Peynot, T 2016, 'Global Reconfiguration of a Team of Networked Mobile Robots Among Obstacles', Springer, Berlin, Germany, pp. 639-656.
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This paper presents a full system demonstration of dynamic sensor-based reconfiguration of a networked robot team. Robots sense obstacles in their environment locally and dynamically adapt their global geometric configuration to conform to an abstract goal shape.We present a novel two-layer planning and control algorithm for team reconfiguration that is decentralized and assumes local (neighbour-to-neighbour) communication only. The approach is designed to be resource-efficient and we show experiments using a team of nine mobile robots with modest computation, communication, and sensing. The robots use acoustic beacons for localisation and can sense obstacles in their local neighbourhood using IR sensors. Our results demonstrate globally-specified reconfiguration from local information in a real robot network, and highlight limitations of standard mesh networks in implementing decentralised algorithms.

Guertler, MR & Lindemann, U 2016, 'Innovationsmanagement' in Lindemann, U (ed), Handbuch Produktentwicklung, Hanser, Munich, pp. 483-512.

Guo, W, Ngo, HH, Chen, C, Pandey, A, Tung, K-L & Lee, DJ 2016, 'Anaerobic Membrane Bioreactors for Future Green Bioprocesses' in Green Technologies for Sustainable Water Management, American Society of Civil Engineers, pp. 867-901.
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© 2016 American Society of Civil Engineers. This chapter focuses on the comprehensive overview of the recent progress in anaerobic membrane bioreactor (AnMBR) applications, including the fundamental aspects and development of AnMBR processes. For a future green bioprocess, the chapter discusses the application development of AnMBRs in domestic and industrial wastewater treatment, opportunities for biogas production and waste minimization and membrane fouling researches. The anaerobic treatment processes are known to have the inherent advantages over the aerobic counterparts, such as sludge minimization and energy savings. The key competitive advantages of AnMBRs over conventional aerobic and anaerobic processes include total biomass retention, excellent effluent quality, bioenergy recovery, smaller footprint, lower energy consumption, high efficiency of wastewater treatment, and strong ability of handling fluctuation in influent quality. Biogas recovery represents one of the key green features of AnMBR technology, particularly for submerged AnMBR (SAnMBR). The compact configure of SAnMBR allows for more convenient collection of biogas.

Guo, YJ & Qin, P-Y 2016, 'Reconfigurable Antennas for Wireless Communications' in Handbook of Antenna Technologies, Springer Singapore, pp. 2987-3032.
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© Springer Science+Business Media Singapore 2016. All rights reserved. With the capability to dynamically change their radiation characteristics, reconfigurable antennas will become indispensable parts for the next-generation wireless communications and sensing systems where the RF front-ends are required to be cognitive in nature. Compared to traditional antennas whose characteristics are fixed, reconfigurable antennas pose new challenges to antenna researchers and designers, such as tuning the operating frequency of an antenna whilst maintaining its radiation pattern. In the last two decades, substantial progress has been made in the development of reconfigurable antennas from both academia and industry. This chapter provides an overview of the state-of-the-art of reconfigurable antennas by elaborating the basic concepts of different reconfigurable antennas and practical techniques to realize them. It is focused on both reconfigurable antenna elements and arrays, and outlines some directions for future research.

Hawryszkiewycz, IT & Prackwieser, C 2016, 'MELCA—Customizing Visualizations for Design Thinking' in Karagiannis, D, Mayr, H & Mylopoulus, J (eds), Domain-Specific Conceptual Modeling, Springer International Publishing, Switzerland, pp. 383-396.
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This chapter describes the ways to use ADOxx in addressing complex issues in wicked environments. Solutions here usually begin with gathering stakeholders’ stories from different perspectives to make sense of the emerging stories and then identify major themes of concern to the stakeholders. These themes are often stated in terms of frames or perspectives, which are then used to identify specific problems and propose solutions. Melca provides ways to develop models to support the frames commonly used in addressing problems in complex environments. This paper describes the generic concepts used to define these frames and illustrates with examples

Hay, SG & Bird, TS 2016, 'Applications of Phased Array Feeders in Reflector Antennas' in Handbook of Antenna Technologies, Springer Singapore, pp. 3139-3187.
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© Springer Science+Business Media Singapore 2016. All rights reserved. An array feeder for a reflector or a lens provides considerable flexibility in the beams that can be produced. A single beam could be obtained by combining all elements; multiple beams can be created with clusters of subarrays or theelements combined in such a way that a beam is steered by adjusting the phase and amplitude of the elements. A variety of applications of array feeders are possible from satellite communications, radar, and radio astronomy. The latter application is described here through fixed arrays, and individual horns of the cluster are excited step-by-step to produce multiple beams at radio observatories such as Parkes, Australia, and Arecibo, Puerto Rico. A full phased array solution is described for the Australian Square Kilometre Array Pathfinder (ASKAP). For fixed arrays, an optimum excitation is described. It is shown that without coupling effects, the excitation should be the complex conjugate of the focal field. The size of an array is defined and the sensitivity of a multibeam feed is shown to be proportional to √N where N is the number of elements of the array. The theory relating to phased array feeding of reflectors is developed, and the definition of sensitivity is extended to phased arrays. The survey speed of a phased array feed interferometer is defined, and conditions are developed for survey speed as a function of the number and spacing of the beams. The application of fixed arrays as multibeam feeds for radio telescopes is described for the 13-element multibeam feed for the Parkes radio telescope and for the phased array checkerboard feed for ASKAP in Western Australia.

Hoang, DT 2016, 'Backscattering Wireless-Powered Communications' in Dusit, N, Ekram, H, Dong, K, Vijay, B & Lotfollah, S (eds), Wireless-Powered Communication Networks, Cambridge University Press, pp. 217-245.
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Hoang, DT 2016, 'Cognitive Radio Networks with Wireless Energy Harvesting' in Dusit, N, Ekram, H, Dong, K, Vijay, B & Lotfollah, S (eds), Wireless-Powered Communication Networks, Cambridge University Press, pp. 338-382.
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Huang, L, Shang, L, Wang, K, Porter, AL & Zhang, Y 2016, 'Identifying Targets for Technology Mergers and Acquisitions Using Patent Information and Semantic Analysis' in Daim, T, Porter, A, Chiavetta, D & Saritas, O (eds), Innovation, Technology, and Knowledge Management, Springer International Publishing, Germany, pp. 173-186.
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Technology plays an increasingly important role in today’s enterprise competition. Technology mergers and acquisitions (Tech M&A), as an effective way to acquire the external technology resources rapidly, have attracted attention from researchers for their potential realization of value through synergy. A big challenge is how to identify appropriate targets to support the effective technology integration. In this study, we developed a model of target selection of Tech M&A from the perspective of technology relatedness and R&D capability. We present results for the Tech M&A case in China’s cloud computing industry

Huang, S & Dissanayake, G 2016, 'Robot Localization: An Introduction' in Wiley Encyclopedia of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Wiley, USA, pp. 1-10.
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Robot localization is the process of determining where a mobile robot is located with respect to its environment. Localization is one of the most fundamental competencies required by an autonomous robot as the knowledge of the robot's own location is an essential precursor to making decisions about future actions. In a typical robot localization scenario, a map of the environment is available and the robot is equipped with sensors that observe the environment as well as monitor its own motion. The localization problem then becomes one of estimating the robot position and orientation within the map using information gathered from these sensors. Robot localization techniques need to be able to deal with noisy observations and generate not only an estimate of the robot location but also a measure of the uncertainty of the location estimate. This article provides an introduction to estimation of theoretic solutions to the robot localization problem. It begins by discussing the mathematical models used to describe the robot motion and observations from the sensors. Two of the most common probabilistic techniques, the extended Kalman filter and the particle filter, that can be used to combine information from sensors to compute an estimate of the robot location are then discussed in detail and illustrated by simple examples. A brief summary of the large body of literature on robot localization is presented next. Appendices that present the essential mathematical background and alternative techniques are provided. The MATLAB code of the localization algorithms is also available.

Huang, X 2016, 'Multiband and Multichannel Aggregation for High‐speed Wireless Backhaul' in Mohammed, K, Huq, S & Rodriguez, J (eds), Backhauling/Fronthauling for Future Wireless Systems, Wiley, United Kingdom, pp. 167-194.
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High-speed and long-range wireless backhaul is a cost-effective alternative to a fibre network. The ever-increasing demand for high-speed broadband services mandates higher spectral efficiency and wider bandwidth to be adopted in wireless backhauls. As the wireless mobile networks evolve toward the fifth generation, employing higher-order modulation and performing multiband and multichannel aggregation for wireless backhauling have become industry trends. However, commercially available wireless backhaul systems do not meet the requirements for both high speed and long range at the same time. In this chapter, the various system architectures for multiband and multichannel aggregation are discussed. The challenges for achieving high-speed wireless transmission in multiband and multichannel systems are addressed. These challenges include how to improve spectrum efficiency and power efficiency, how to prevent inter-channel interference and how to ensure low latency, in-order packet delivery and load balance. Various technical solutions are provided with detailed explanations, illustrations and simulation and experimental results.

Huang, Y, Zhang, Y, Ma, J, Porter, AL, Wang, X & Guo, Y 2016, 'Generating Competitive Technical Intelligence Using Topical Analysis, Patent Citation Analysis, and Term Clumping Analysis' in Innovation, Technology, and Knowledge Management, Springer International Publishing, Germany, pp. 153-172.
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Because of the flexibility and complexity of Newly Emerging Science and Technologies (NESTs), traditional statistical analysis fails to capture technology evolution in detail. Tracking technology evolution pathways supports industrial, governmental, and academic decisions to guide future development trends. Patents are one of the most important NESTs data sources and are pertinent to developmental paths. This paper draws upon text analyses, augmented by expert knowledge, to identify key NESTs sub-domains and component technologies. We then complement those analyses with patent citation analysis to help track developmental progressions. We identify key sub-domain patents, associated with particular component technology trajectories, then extract pivotal patents via citation analysis. We compose evolutionary pathways by combining citation and topical intelligence obtained through term clumping. We demonstrate our approach with empirical analysis of dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs), as an example of a promising NESTs, contributing to the remarkable growth in the renewable energy industry. The systematic approach we proposed not only offers a macro-perspective covering technology development levels and future trends, but also makes R&D information accessible for micro-level probes as needed. We work to uncover developmental trends and to compile mentions of possible applications, and this study informs NESTs management by spotting prime opportunities for innovation.

Iacopi, F, Boeckl, JJ & Jagadish, C 2016, 'Preface' in Semiconductors and Semimetals, Elsevier, pp. xi-xviii.
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Ismail, MF, Saha, SC & Rashid Sarkar, MA 2016, 'Effects of Perforation Geometry on the Heat Transfer Performance of Extended Surfaces' in Thermofluid Modeling for Energy Efficiency Applications, Elsevier, pp. 103-117.
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In this study heat transfer performances of extended surfaces (fins) having square, circular, hexagonal, and triangular lateral perforations are studied numerically. Simulations are carried out for Reynolds numbers ranging from 100 to 400 based on the fin thickness. Numerical results are first validated with previously published results and a good agreement is observed. For each type, Nusselt number, average drag, and heat removal rate of perforated fins are determined and compared. Results show that perforation geometry has significant effects on the thermal and fluid dynamic performance of the extended surfaces. All types of perforated fins show better heat transfer performance enhancement than the regular solid fins.

Jiang, P, Liu, F & Song, Y 2016, 'Comparison Study of AI-based Methods in Wind Energy' in Ponce, P, Molina, A & Rodriguez, J (eds), New Applications of Artificial Intelligence, InTech.
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Jonasson, OJ, Kandasamy, J & Vigneswaran, S 2016, 'Stormwater Treatment Technology for Water Reuse' in Green Technologies for Sustainable Water Management, American Society of Civil Engineers, pp. 75-105.
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The most common application of stormwater reuse in Australia is for outdoor irrigation, but treated stormwater also can be used to supplement other nonpotable uses, such as flushing toilets, washing clothes, firefighting, and in cooling towers. More recently, instances have emerged where stormwater has been harvested for indirect potable reuse. The water quality criteria depend on the applications, and the treatment required to meet these standards will be affected by the source of the stormwater. The conventional technologies for treating stormwater are traditionally incorporated into a management strategy to meet stormwater quality objectives aiming to protect estuaries and streams. Conventional stormwater treatment systems commonly utilized in harvesting schemes include gross pollutant traps (GPTs), vegetated swales, sediment ponds, constructed wetlands, and biofiltration systems. Some of the high-rate stormwater treatment technologies are fiber filter, deep bed filter, membrane filtration, and membrane hybrid systems.

Kandasamy, J, Kus, B & Vigneswaran, S 2016, 'Rainwater Harvesting in New South Wales, Australia' in Ngo, HH, Guo, W, Surampalli, RY & Zhang, TC (eds), Green Technologies for Sustainable Water Management, American Society of Civil Engineers, USA, pp. 35-74.
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© 2016 American Society of Civil Engineers. In Australia, recent droughts and concerns about climate change have highlighted the need to manage water resources more sustainably. Rainwater harvesting has emerged as a new field of sustainable water management, which offers an alternative water supply for at least nonpotable uses. This chapter illustrates a detailed sampling on the concentration of pollutants in metropolitan rainwater tanks located at different parts of Sydney. Some rainwater tanks incorporate simple sand filtration devices to improve water quality for potable uses. Concentrated pollutants remaining after treatment and sludge can be discharged to the sewer, alleviating sludge disposal problems, and is attractive in creating a low maintenance system. It is possible to create a sustainable development with a low demand for town water and low storm water pollution export, as well as reduce storm water discharges. Some of the rainwater treatment technologies discussed include adsorption, pilot scale application, and membrane filtration.

Kankanamge-Gunawardane, K 2016, 'Control loop design of DC-to-DC converters' in DC Power Supplies: Power Management and Surge Protection for Power Electronic Systems, p. 5.

Kim, SH, Lee, SH, Tijing & Shon, H 2016, 'Filtration technologies for pretreatment of seawater desalination based on reverse osmosis' in Efficient desalination by reverse osmosis : a best practice guide to RO, IWA Publishing (International Water Assoc), London, pp. 28-60.
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Efficient Desalination by Reverse Osmosis provides a complete guide to best practice from pre-treatment through to project delivery. It is written for utility managers & professionals.

Lee, JE-Y 2016, 'Lamé Mode MEMS Resonators' in Encyclopedia of Nanotechnology, Springer Netherlands, pp. 1731-1739.
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Lei, G, Zhu, J & Guo, Y 2016, 'Application-Oriented Design Optimization Methods for Electrical Machines' in Multidisciplinary Design Optimization Methods for Electrical Machines and Drive Systems, Springer Berlin Heidelberg, pp. 215-235.
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Lei, G, Zhu, J & Guo, Y 2016, 'Design Optimization for High Quality Mass Production' in Multidisciplinary Design Optimization Methods for Electrical Machines and Drive Systems, Springer Berlin Heidelberg, pp. 183-213.
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Lei, G, Zhu, J & Guo, Y 2016, 'Design Optimization Methods for Electrical Machines' in Multidisciplinary Design Optimization Methods for Electrical Machines and Drive Systems, Springer Berlin Heidelberg, pp. 107-159.
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Lei, G, Zhu, J & Guo, Y 2016, 'Optimization Methods' in Multidisciplinary Design Optimization Methods for Electrical Machines and Drive Systems, Springer Berlin Heidelberg, pp. 73-106.
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Li, J & Wong, L 2016, 'Overview and Analysis of Contrast Pattern Based Classifica- tion' in Dong, G & Bailey, J (eds), Contrast Data Mining, Chapman and Hall/CRC, USA, pp. 175-194.
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Lin, J-G, Daverey, A, Dutta, K, Guo, W & Ngo, HH 2016, 'Anammox: A Sustainable Technology for Nitrogen Removal and Water Recycling' in Green Technologies for Sustainable Water Management, American Society of Civil Engineers, pp. 419-453.
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© 2016 American Society of Civil Engineers. This chapter discusses developments in the anammox process, since its discovery, including identification of responsible microbes and their physiology, potential process inhibitors, reactor types used, and application to treat different wastewater. Anammox bacteria are coccoid bacteria with an average diameter ranging between 800 and 1100 nm. Anammox bacteria are chemoautotrophic bacteria and use CO2 as the main inorganic carbon source to oxidize ammonium to nitrogen gas using nitrite as the electron acceptor. Ammonium and nitrite are the two substrates for anammox bacteria. The absence of nitrite in wastewater limits the direct application of the anammox process. Applications of anammox or its related processes, such as SHARON-Anammox, CANON, or SNAD have been tested to treat real world wastewaters by many researchers in lab scale reactors. Anammox combined with partial nitrification has been identified as the most efficient, economical, and environmentally friendly nitrogen removal method in recent years.

Lin, J-G, Dutta, K, Daverey, A, Guo, W & Ngo, HH 2016, 'Wastewater: A Potential Resource of Energy' in Green Technologies for Sustainable Water Management, American Society of Civil Engineers, pp. 789-828.
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© 2016 American Society of Civil Engineers. This chapter discusses the energy production potential of different wastewater sources and various treatment processes with an aim of establishing sustainable energy management systems. The refractory fraction of wastewater can be converted to energy through thermal, chemical, or electrical processes. The importance of knowing the potential energy available lies in the choice of treatment methods so that most of the energy can be recovered. Some wastes that may be high in energy value, such as halogenated wastes, may be unsuitable or unattractive to some treatment methods. The chapter discusses several systems for energy recovery with simultaneous treatment of wastewater. Some of the systems include anaerobic treatment, microbial fuel cell (MFC), simultaneous algal biomass production, and wastewater treatment. The adverse environmental impacts associated with anaerobic treatment or MFC are mainly because of electricity consumption in the various process units and transportation/disposal of biosolids.

Liu, Y, Wang, Q, Zhang, Y & Ni, B-J 2016, 'Zero Valent Iron Significantly Enhances Methane Production from Waste Activated Sludge by Improving Biochemical Methane Potential Rather Than Hydrolysis Rate' in Environmental Engineering and Activated Sludge Processes, Apple Academic Press, pp. 219-236.
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Lui, ST, Peynot, T, Fitch, R & Sukkarieh, S 2016, 'Enhanced Stochastic Mobility Prediction on Unstructured Terrain Using Multi-output Gaussian Processes', Springer, pp. 173-190.
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© Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2016.Outdoor robots such as planetary rovers must be able to navigate safely and reliably in order to successfully perform missions in remote or hostile environments. Mobility prediction is critical to achieving this goal due to the inherent control uncertainty faced by robots traversing natural terrain. We propose a novel algorithm for stochastic mobility prediction based on multi-output Gaussian process regression. Our algorithm considers the correlation between heading and distance uncertainty and provides a predictive model that can easily be exploited by motion planning algorithms. We evaluate our method experimentally and report results from over 30 trials in a Mars-analogue environment that demonstrate the effectiveness of our method and illustrate the importance of mobility prediction in navigating challenging terrain.

Marynowsky, W, Knowles, J & Frost, A 2016, 'Robot Opera: A Gesamtkunstwerk for the 21st Century' in Jeffrey T.K.V. Koh, Mari.Velonaki (ed), Cultural Robotics, Springer International Publishing, Switzerland, pp. 143-158.
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Robot Opera proposes an avant-garde spectacle of performative media that places robots centre stage as signifiers of high culture within a 21st century total art work of the future. This chapter addresses how framing robotic performance as a Gesamtkunstwerk (and its historical ambitions) contributes to the canon of Cultural Robotics. The notion of robotic performance agency is detailed through the history and theories surrounding representations of the robot in popular culture, representations of robots as performance agents and through the dramaturgical concepts explored in Marynowsky’s previous robotic art works.

Masihpour, M, Agbinya, JI & Abolhasan, M 2016, 'Energy scavenging for magnetically coupled communication devices' in Venkataraman, H & Muntean, GM (eds), Green Mobile Devices and Networks: Energy Optimization and Scavenging Techniques, CRC Press, USA, pp. 211-253.
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Energy scavenging dates back to the use of waterwheels and windmills to harvest the energy from the surrounding environment and convert it to useful forms of energy [1]. Energy scavenging techniques have been around for decades to provide electricity from different natural resources, such as wind power, water flow, heat, sunlight, and vibration. However, there has been a new interest in energy harvesting methods recently, due to the mass increase of wireless sensors and low power electronics [1]. Electronic devices, such as mobile phones, laptops, PDAs (Personal DigitalAssistants),medical implant devices, and differenttypes ofsensor nodes, all require a powersourceto operate.Therefore, they are providedwith eitherwires or disposable/rechargeable batteries to supply the power.Thanks to advanced fabrication technologies, very smallsized batteries areintroduced,which aresmallenough to belocated on a chip to power up a sensor node or a smallelectronic handheld [1]. The problem with batteries is that they havelimited lifetimes or they arerequired to berecharged on a regular basis. However, there have been technology advances to optimizethe battery performance and itslifetime,such as dynamic optimization of voltage and clock rate, hybrid analog digital designs, and clever wake up procedures that allow a deviceto go to inactive mode when it is not required to operate a task [1]

McGloin, D, McDonald, C & Belotti, Y 2016, 'Colloidal Interactions with Optical Fields: Optical Tweezers' in Fluids, Colloids and Soft Materials: An Introduction to Soft Matter Physics, John Wiley & Sons, Inc, USA, pp. 111-130.
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© 2016 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved. This chapter reviews the basic physics and design of an optical tweezers system. It shows how the optical tweezers can be used in a range of studies, with emphasis on colloidal systems. The chapter examines how modern optical tweezers are able to take advantage of the ability to shape optical beams into near arbitrary shapes through a range of technological innovations from the acousto-optical modulator to the spatial light modulator. It also discusses other optical techniques that make use of radiation pressure to manipulate particles that are typically dual-beam traps and can offer some flexibility over optical tweezers for certain applications. The chapter explores the developing fields of nanoparticle manipulation, and aerosol trapping and analysis. The use of optical tweezers in colloidal science is particularly useful for the measurement of interaction forces, as opposed to adhesion, binding, or structural forces involved in biological processes.

Nghiem, LD & Fujioka, T 2016, 'Removal of Emerging Contaminants for Water Reuse by Membrane Technology' in Emerging Membrane Technology for Sustainable Water Treatment, Elsevier, pp. 217-247.
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© 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. High-pressure membrane separation processes including reverse osmosis (RO) and nanofiltration (NF) have been widely used for drinking water purification and water recycling as well as for the removal of trace organic contaminants (TrOCs). Rejection of TrOCs by NF/RO membranes is governed mainly by size exclusion, electrostatic repulsion and hydrophobic interaction. A detailed characterisation of the membrane and physicochemical properties of the TrOC is key to recognising the dominant mechanism. TrOC rejection by NF/RO membranes can also be influenced by fouling and subsequent chemical cleaning. It is, therefore, essential to understand the transport of TrOCs through NF/RO membranes in order to ensure adequate treatment and at the same time avoid over-engineering. In addition to NF/RO, TrOCs removal by several emerging membrane technologies, including forward osmosis, membrane distillation and membrane electrodialysis, is reviewed briefly.

Ngo, HH, Guo, W, Chen, Z, Surampalli, RY & Zhang, TC 2016, 'Green Technologies for Sustainable Water Management: Introduction and Overview' in Green Technologies for Sustainable Water Management, American Society of Civil Engineers, pp. 1-34.
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© 2016 American Society of Civil Engineers. This chapter presents the background, current development and future opportunities of green technologies and issues to facilitate strategic planning of sustainable water management systems. It describes the fundamental concepts and current and future applications of green technologies for sustainable improvement in water management. The chapter discusses the appropriate approaches and policies in achieving sustainable objectives and promoting green design and supplies for water utilization. Sustainable water management has received great attention over recent years because of its substantial benefits to the environment, society, and economy. Improvements in water management are likely to come from green technologies fueled by individual curiosity, dedicated effort, and opportunities within a strategic program supported by national and international agencies, universities, and industries. These innovations can significantly contribute to less nonrenewable resource requirement, reduced carbon footprint, greenhouse gas emissions and costs, minimized water losses, and enhanced removal of contaminants.

Ngo, HH, Guo, W, Hang Nguyen, TA, Surampalli, RY & Zhang, TC 2016, 'Agricultural By-Products for Phosphorous Removal and Recovery from Water and Wastewater: A Green Technology' in Green Technologies for Sustainable Water Management, American Society of Civil Engineers, pp. 491-531.
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© 2016 American Society of Civil Engineers. Phosphorus (P) is a critical nutrient for plant growth. The excessive amount of P in aquatic medium may originate from natural sources and/or artificial sources. This chapter discusses P removal/recovery from wastewater due to surface water quality deterioration and P rock reserves depletion. It focuses on both fundamental and applied aspects of this practice using agricultural waste based biosorbents (AWBs). Understanding the operation principles is expected to enable the application of AWBs in the future. Because of increasing concerns relevant to water quality deterioration and depletion of global P rock reserves, P removal/recovery recently has become a matter of interest. Even though various technologies are presently available, adsorption seems to have advantages when used for P recovery. Although AWBs in both natural and modified forms can be used for P removal, the low P uptake capacity of raw AWBs hinders their widespread application.

Ngo, HH, Guo, W, Surampalli, RY & Zhang, TC 2016, 'Front Matter', American Society of Civil Engineers, pp. xiii-xiv.
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Noguchi, M, Formoso, C, da Rocha, CG, Andújar-Montoya, MD, Bunster, V, Cameron, R & Imai, C 2016, 'Mass Customisation' in Springer Tracts in Civil Engineering, Springer International Publishing, pp. 95-119.
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© 2016, Springer International Publishing Switzerland. Climate change accompanied by global warming issues necessitates that homes are more environmentally friendly in production and operation, while the drastic hike in energy costs and increasing socio-economic diversity demand housing that is more affordable and more customisable than ever before. Homes need to address social, economic and environmental sustainability issues as a whole. When the revolutionary notion of sustainable development was introduced the concept of mass customisation coincidentally emerged as a means to customise end-user products without sacrificing the production efficiency, effectiveness or low cost. This chapter will introduce the notion of mass customisation and the pragmatic application to housing design and production. This knowledge is essential to the delivery of quality affordable homes in which the level of performance can be determined within the economic constraints of the end-users.

Pencheva, T, Roeva, O & Shannon, A 2016, 'Generalized Net Models of Basic Genetic Algorithm Operators' in Angelov, P & Sotirov, S (eds), Imprecision and Uncertainty in Information Representation and Processing, Springer International Publishing, Germany, pp. 305-325.
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© Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2016. Generalized nets (GN) are applied here to describe some basic operators of genetic algorithms, namely selection, crossover and mutation and different functions for selection (roulette wheel selection method and stochastic universal sampling), different crossover techniques (one-point crossover, two-point crossover, and “cut and splice” technique), as well as mutation operator (mutation operator of the Breeder genetic algorithm). The resulting GN models can be considered as separate modules, but they can also be accumulated into a single GN model to describe a whole genetic algorithm.

Rana, MM, Li, L & Su, S 2016, 'Microgrid State Estimation Using the IoT with 5G Technology' in Mavromoustakis, CX, Mastorakis, G & Batalla, JM (eds), Internet of Things (IoT) in 5G Mobile Technologies, Springer International Publishing, Germany, pp. 175-195.
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Saha, SC, Gu, YT & Khan, MMK 2016, 'Natural Convection Heat Transfer in the Partitioned Attic Space' in Thermofluid Modeling for Energy Efficiency Applications, Elsevier, pp. 59-72.
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© 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Heat transfer and air flow through an attic space into or out of buildings is a key issue for attic-shaped houses in different seasons. One of the main objectives for designers and builders is to provide thermal comfort for dwellers. In the present energy-conscious society, it is also a requirement for houses to be energy-efficient, that is, the energy usage for heating or cooling houses must be reduced. Relevant to these objectives, research into heat transfer in attics has been conducted for more than two decades. Numerical simulation is carried out for flow behavior of natural convection in an isosceles triangular enclosure partitioned in the center by a vertical wall with an infinite conductivity. A sudden temperature difference between two zones of the enclosure has been imposed to trigger the natural convection. As a result, heat is transferred between both sides of the cavity through the conducting vertical wall with natural convection boundary layers forming on the middle partition and two inclined surfaces. The Finite Volume-based software Fluent is used for the simulations. The numerical results are obtained for different values of height-base ratio (. 0.2,0.5, and 1.0) with fixed values of Rayleigh number, 108 and Prandtl number, 0.72. It is anticipated from the numerical simulations that the coupled thermal boundary layers development adjacent to the partition undergoes several distinct stages including an initial stage, a transitional stage, and a steady stage. Time-dependent features of the coupled thermal boundary layers, as well as the overall natural convection flow in the partitioned enclosure, have been discussed and compared with the nonpartitioned enclosure. It is found that heat transfer is reduced significantly in the presence of a vertical partition which is placed in the geometrical center line.

Shannon, AG 2016, 'Intuitionistic Fuzzy Logic and Provisional Acceptance of Scientific Theories: A Tribute to Krassimir Atanassov on the Occasion of His Sixtieth Birthday' in Angelov, P & Sotirov, S (eds), Imprecision and Uncertainty in Information Representation and Processing, Springer International Publishing, Germany, pp. 15-23.
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© Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2016. This essay attempts to outline some essential features of Atanassov’s intuitionistic fuzzy logic within the framework of the philosophy of science. In particular, it aims to highlight the brilliance of Atanassov’s conceptual and symbolic originality. It also illustrates the danger of the univocal caricaturing of scientific terminology.

Silverman, BG, Sun, DQ, Weyer, N & Bharathy, GK 2016, 'Rapid Generation of Political Conict Simulations for Scenarios around the World' in Modeling Sociocultural Influences on Decision Making, CRC Press, pp. 365-390.
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This chapter describes a prototype of a rapid scenario generator that has been demonstrated in a field setting in 2014. The generator consists of a set of screens that assists a human in quickly specifying political conflict scenarios around the world. The goal is to produce models that can simulate the scenarios and thereby help to assess the impact of the alternative COA the user might take to influence the scenario outcomes. The generator is able to speed up scenario construction since it uses analogical or case-based reasoning (CBR), and it is built upon a repository of hundreds of past StateSim models of political groups, actors, institutions, and other conhict scenario elements. This chapter introduces the generator purpose in the section 'Introduction and Purpose.' Background on CBR and StateSim are in the section 'Architecture and Cycle of the Case-Based Generator.' This walks through a fictional state use case to create a scenario and a set of StateSim models in the section 'The Generator Elicitation Screens.' We then explain the repository of past models and some tools to explore what is in it in the section 'CBR and the Repository of Past Cases.' Finally, it discusses the results to date and next steps in the section 'Conclusions and Next Steps.' At the end of the chapter, we discuss the detailed application of our platform to the attached megacity use case.

Smith, DB & Abolhasan, M 2016, 'Diversity and cooperative communications in body area networks' in Advances in Body-Centric Wireless Communication: Applications and state-of-the-art, Institution of Engineering and Technology, USA, pp. 7-42.
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In this chapter, we investigate diversity and cooperative communications, and particularly cooperative diversity, for body-centric communications in wireless body area networks (BANs). Cooperative diversity for BANs is vitally important for required communications reliability, as well as increasing network and sensor lifetime by potentially reducing energy consumption, as will be shown here. We describe what is meant by cooperative communications and cooperative diversity, including a brief survey of the state-of-the-art. Description and analysis of the benefits of cooperative diversity in BANs is mainly with respect to the physical layer, but there is also some brief discussion of the MAC layer and network layer. In terms of cooperative receive diversity, feasible in IEEE 802.15.6 Standard compliant BAN, several cooperative receive combining techniques are described, which are all beneficial over single-link communications in terms of firstand second-order statistics. A simple, practical, technique of switch-and-examine combining shows good performance in terms of important metrics, and this can be further enhanced when combined with a simple “sample-and-hold” transmit power control, which can help reduce energy consumption for sensor radios.

Stewart, MG 2016, 'Risk and Decision-Making for Extreme Events: Climate Change and Terrorism' in Multi-hazard Approaches to Civil Infrastructure Engineering, Springer International Publishing, pp. 87-103.
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Terrorism and climate change are extreme events that frighten and alarm. This makes decision-making for these hazards or threats all the more difficult, particularly when decision-makers are risk averse. This chapter will describe how risk-based approaches are well suited to optimising decisions related to these extreme events. Stochastic methods are used to model threat likelihood, vulnerability, effectiveness of protective strategies, exposure and costs. The concepts will be illustrated with current research of risk-based assessment of counterterrorism and climate adaptation strategies. The case studies consider (1) protection of new bridges against terrorist attack and (2) climate change and cost-effectiveness of designing new port facilities to be less vulnerable to severe corrosion.

Stratton-Powell, AA & Tipper, JL 2016, 'Characterization of UHMWPE Wear Particles' in UHMWPE Biomaterials Handbook, Elsevier, pp. 635-653.
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© 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Although most total joint prostheses remain stable for many years, a significant proportion experience loosening, with about 10% requiring revision 10 years after primary arthroplasty. It is generally accepted that osteolysis, among other causes, is initiated by the biological response to wear particles, which are released from ultra high molecular weight polyethylene acetabular liners and tibial trays. Wear particles up to 10 μm in size are predicted to be phagocytosed by resident macrophages and cause the release of inflammatory cytokines and chemokines, including tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-1beta (IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-8. These cytokines stimulate the release of other mediators and the ensuing inflammatory cascade results in the formation of a periprosthetic granulomatous tissue reaction. Histopathological studies have revealed that these inflammatory cytokines facilitate osteoclastagenesis, which results in resorption of bone and a painfully loose implant. Revision surgery is currently the only option for the patient and surgeon.

Subramanian, R, Afroz, F, Sandrasegaran, K & Kong, X 2016, 'SON in Location-Based Services' in Advances in Wireless Technologies and Telecommunication, IGI Global, USA, pp. 115-129.
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This chapter forays into the literature of emerging field of Self-Organization Network (SON) and its application in the area of location-based services. SON is a widely applied technology in the ad hoc networks, wireless sensor networks and automatic computer networks. This chapter deal exclusively about the projects, standards and literature of SON in the context of the cellular networks and how it can aid to achieve higher position accuracy information of the subscriber. Additionally, in this chapter a clear understanding of SON taxonomy and the guidelines for the design of SON has been presented and a comparison of SON with the existing solutions about its strength and weakness has been made in this chapter. The key research areas for further development is also highlighted in this chapter. This literature will provide comprehensive guidance for anyone interested to delve into the research of SON in cellular wireless communication and location based services.

Sullivan, C, Stuart, BH & Thomas, PS 2016, 'An Investigation of the Degradation of Polymeric Grave Goods in Soil Environments' in Kars, H & van den Eijkel, L (eds), Soil in Criminal and Environmental Forensics, Springer International Publishing, Germany, pp. 331-341.
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Plastic materials are a source of items that may be located in clandestine grave sites. Knowledge of their type and state of preservation or deterioration may provide a valuable resource for the identification of a victim or perpetrator. This study involves an examination of the effect of the nature of the soil environment on the structural properties of two common polymers, poly(vinyl chloride) and nylon, over a period of 18 months. These polymers represent common types of plastic sheeting and carpet material that may be used to wrap a body. Infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy have been used to monitor the structural changes that occur to these polymers in a soil environment and degradation mechanisms are proposed.

van den Hoven, E & Connell, J 2016, 'Joint Doctoral Supervision across Countries: Changes, Challenges and Considerations' in Blessinger, P & Stockley, D (eds), Innovations in Higher EducationTeaching and Learning, Emerald Group Publishing Limited, UK, pp. 259-280.
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Many universities international activities have increased enormously in volume, scope, and complexity in recent years (Altbach & Knight, 2007; Altbach, 2015) with education providers seeking more innovative ways to provide education across boundaries. Joint doctoral degrees are one example of such an initiative, focusing on international collaboration between institutions. Joint doctorates can provide richer and more rewarding learning experiences for PhD students, supervisors and colla- borating institutions. However, all the parties involved also need to be aware of the potential challenges and considerations that underpin effec- tive outcomes, as well as the key differences between joint degree docto- rates and doctorates with more traditional approaches. It has been pointed out that the literature on joint degree programmes is ‘thin’ pro- viding limited information for institutional leaders (and other parties involved in their setting up and conduct) who may be contemplating joint degree initiatives (Michael & Balraj, 2003). This chapter draws on a unique case study of a joint doctoral programme that operates across continents and academic cultures to illustrate the challenges and consid- erations that should be borne in mind prior to entering into joint doctoral arrangements. Various ways in which the associated challenges may be overcome are also suggested in order to support effective outcomes for all the parties involved.

Waldron, KJ & Schmiedeler, J 2016, 'Kinematics' in Springer Handbooks, pp. 11-36.
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Kinematics pertains to the motion of bodies in a robotic mechanism without regard to the forces/torques that cause the motion. Since robotic mechanisms are by their very essence designed for motion, kinematics is the most fundamental aspect of robot design, analysis, control, and simulation. The robotics community has focused on efficiently applying different representations of position and orientation and their derivatives with respect to time to solve foundational kinematics problems. This chapter will present the most useful representations of the position and orientation of a body in space, the kinematics of the joints most commonly found in robotic mechanisms, and a convenient convention for representing the geometry of robotic mechanisms. These representational tools will be applied to compute the workspace, the forward and inverse kinematics, the forward and inverse instantaneous kinematics, and the static wrench transmission of a robotic mechanism. For brevity, the focus will be on algorithms applicable to open-chain mechanisms. The goal of this chapter is to provide the reader with general tools in tabulated form and a broader overview of algorithms that can be applied together to solve kinematics problems pertaining to a particular robotic mechanism.

Waldron, KJ & Schmiedeler, J 2016, 'Kinematics' in Springer Handbook of Robotics, Springer International Publishing, pp. 11-36.
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© Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2016. Kinematics pertains to the motion of bodies in a robotic mechanism without regard to the forces/torques that cause the motion. Since robotic mechanisms are by their very essence designed for motion, kinematics is the most fundamental aspect of robot design, analysis, control, and simulation. The robotics community has focused on efficiently applying different representations of position and orientation and their derivatives with respect to time to solve foundational kinematics problems. This chapter will present the most useful representations of the position and orientation of a body in space, the kinematics of the joints most commonly found in robotic mechanisms, and a convenient convention for representing the geometry of robotic mechanisms. These representational tools will be applied to compute the workspace, the forward and inverse kinematics, the forward and inverse instantaneous kinematics, and the static wrench transmission of a robotic mechanism. For brevity, the focus will be on algorithms applicable to open-chain mechanisms. The goal of this chapter is to provide the reader with general tools in tabulated form and a broader overview of algorithms that can be applied together to solve kinematics problems pertaining to a particular robotic mechanism.

Wu, M & Gide, E 2016, 'A Model to Demonstrate the Common CSFs in E-Commerce Business Satisfaction for Measuring E-Commerce Success' in Encyclopedia of E-Commerce Development, Implementation, and Management, IGI Global, pp. 480-495.
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Zhang, Y & Xu, G 2016, 'Singular Value Decomposition' in Encyclopedia of Database Systems, Springer New York, pp. 1-3.
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Zhang, Y, Chen, H & Zhu, D 2016, 'Semi-automatic Technology Roadmapping Composing Method for Multiple Science, Technology, and Innovation Data Incorporation' in Daim, T, Porter, A, Chiavetta, D & Saritas, O (eds), Innovation, Technology, and Knowledge Management, Springer International Publishing, Switzerland, pp. 211-227.
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Zhu, A, Guo, J, Ni, B-J, Wang, S, Yang, Q & Peng, Y 2016, 'A Novel Protocol for Model Calibration in Biological Wastewater Treatment' in Environmental Engineering and Activated Sludge Processes, Apple Academic Press, pp. 23-47.
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., RMA 2016, 'A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW ON WHAT FEATURES SHOULD BE SUPPORTED BY FITNESS APPS AND WEARABLES TO HELP USERS OVERCOME OBESITY', International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology, vol. 05, no. 09, pp. 197-206.
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Obesity is a major global challenge. It increases the risk of developing health problems such as cancer, diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Its prevalence puts pressure on the healthcare systems and on individuals’ health and finances as well. The use of fitness technology, mobile apps and wearable devices in supporting health behaviour change is promising. Fitness technology not only expands opportunities for users to access health related information but also facilitate cueing behaviour change and collection of ongoing personal data. The objective of this paper is to identify the features that should be supported by health and fitness apps and fitness wearable devices to encourage obese individuals to be active, change their lifestyle and to keep them motivated to overcome obesity. Firstly, it investigates the effectiveness and the efficiency of prevalent fitness apps and fitness wearable devices design features used to encourage physical activity. It then provides a method to evaluate both fitness apps and fitness wearable devices as motivational tools. The results regarding mobile apps highlight that goal setting, monitoring/tracking and feedback are the best features for motivation and that Zombie Run is the best fitness app for the Australian market in 2015. The results in regards to wearable devices emphasise reminders, tracking / monitoring/ feedback and goals / rewards are the best features for motivation and that Garmin Vivofitis the best fitness wearable devices for the American market in 2015. These results are useful for the users; fitness apps’ and fitness wearable devices’ developers because they provide some understanding of the various features needed to motivate individuals.

Abbas, A & Khalilpour, R 2016, 'Special issue on “Flexible operation of carbon capture plants”', International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control, vol. 48, pp. 187-187.
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Abbott, AA, Giarmatzi, C, Costa, F & Branciard, C 2016, 'Multipartite Causal Correlations: Polytopes and Inequalities', Phys. Rev. A, vol. 94, p. 032131.
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We consider the most general correlations that can be obtained by a group of parties whose causal relations are well-defined, although possibly probabilistic and dependent on past parties' operations. We show that, for any fixed number of parties and inputs and outputs for each party, the set of such correlations forms a convex polytope, whose vertices correspond to deterministic strategies, and whose (nontrivial) facets define so-called causal inequalities. We completely characterize the simplest tripartite polytope in terms of its facet inequalities, propose generalizations of some inequalities to scenarios with more parties, and show that our tripartite inequalities can be violated within the process matrix formalism, where quantum mechanics is locally valid but no global causal structure is assumed.

Abdel-Rahman, MJ, Shankar, HK & Krunz, M 2016, 'QoS-Aware Parallel Sensing/Probing Architecture and Adaptive Cross-Layer Protocol Design for Opportunistic Networks', IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology, vol. 65, no. 4, pp. 2231-2242.
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Abdolali, A, Ngo, HH, Guo, W, Lu, S, Chen, S-S, Nguyen, NC, Zhang, X, Wang, J & Wu, Y 2016, 'A breakthrough biosorbent in removing heavy metals: Equilibrium, kinetic, thermodynamic and mechanism analyses in a lab-scale study', SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT, vol. 542, pp. 603-611.
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Abdul Halim, NS, Whitten, PG & Nghiem, LD 2016, 'The effect of aging on thermomechanical and metal extraction properties of poly (vinyl chloride)/Aliquat 336 polymer inclusion membranes', Desalination and Water Treatment, vol. 57, no. 7, pp. 3298-3303.
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Abdul, JM, Vigneswaran, S, Kandasamy, J & Mahinthakumar, G 2016, 'Fenton Oxidation of Metsulfuron-Methyl with Application to Permeable Reactive Barriers', Environmental Modeling & Assessment, vol. 21, no. 1, pp. 149-158.
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© 2015, Springer International Publishing Switzerland. Laboratory experiments were conducted for removal of metsulfuron-methyl (MeS) by Fenton oxidation using a sand column with multiple sampling points and varied flow rates. The transport and degradation of MeS in a sand column were modeled using an advection diffusion reaction system with rate-limited sorption, hydrolysis and second-order degradation kinetics. Rate constants for MeS adsorption and degradation were obtained by fitting the model to experimental breakthrough curves. Results showed that the residence time is the primary influencing factor in the amount of MeS removal by Fenton oxidation with removal efficiencies exceeding 85 %. The column model was extended to two-dimensional porous media, and simulations were conducted to evaluate the feasibility of in situ chemical oxidation using Fenton’s reagent in permeable reactor barriers. Results show that Fenton oxidation can yield remediation efficiencies exceeding 80 % in permeable reactor barriers when compared to less than 10 % with adsorption only.

Abdul-Halim, NS, Whitten, PG & Nghiem, LD 2016, 'Characteristics and cadmium extraction performance of PVC/Aliquat 336 electrospun fibres in comparison with polymer inclusion membranes', Separation Science and Technology, vol. 51, no. 9, pp. 1-8.
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Abdullahi, S & Pradhan, B 2016, 'Sustainable Brownfields Land Use Change Modeling Using GIS-based Weights-of-Evidence Approach', Applied Spatial Analysis and Policy, vol. 9, no. 1, pp. 21-38.
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Abdulwahid, H, Dai, B, Huang, B & Chen, Z 2016, 'Scheduled-links multicast routing protocol in MANETs', Journal of Network and Computer Applications, vol. 63, pp. 56-67.
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Abedin, MJ, Imran, A, Masjuki, HH, Kalam, MA, Shahir, SA, Varman, M & Ruhul, AM 2016, 'An overview on comparative engine performance and emission characteristics of different techniques involved in diesel engine as dual-fuel engine operation', Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, vol. 60, pp. 306-316.
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Abedin, MJ, Kalam, MA, Masjuki, HH, Sabri, MFM, Rahman, SMA, Sanjid, A & Fattah, IMR 2016, 'Production of biodiesel from a non-edible source and study of its combustion, and emission characteristics: A comparative study with B5', Renewable Energy, vol. 88, pp. 20-29.
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Abolhasan, M, Maali, Y, Rafiei, A & Ni, W 2016, 'Distributed Hybrid Coverage Hole Recovery in Wireless Sensor Networks', IEEE SENSORS JOURNAL, vol. 16, no. 23, pp. 8640-8648.
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Coverage Holes (CHs) can compromise the reliability and functionality of wireless sensor networks (WSNs). The recovery of CHs is challenging, especially in distributed applications where sensors have little knowledge about other sensors' actions. We propose a new game theoretic approach for recovering the CHs in a distributed manner. The key idea is that we formulate a potential game between the sensors, where each mobile sensor in the network only depends on local knowledge of its neighbouring nodes and takes CH recovery actions recursively with global convergence. An appropriate combined action of physical relocation and sensing range adjustment can be taken by each sensor to reduce the CHs in an energy-efficient way. Simulation results show that the proposed game theoretic approach is able to substantially increase network lifetime and maintain network coverage in the presence of random damage events, as compared to the prior counterpart(s).

Aditiya, HB, Chong, WT, Mahlia, TMI, Sebayang, AH, Berawi, MA & Nur, H 2016, 'Second generation bioethanol potential from selected Malaysia's biodiversity biomasses: A review.', Waste Manag, vol. 47, no. Pt A, pp. 46-61.
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Rising global temperature, worsening air quality and drastic declining of fossil fuel reserve are the inevitable phenomena from the disorganized energy management. Bioethanol is believed to clear out the effects as being an energy-derivable product sourced from renewable organic sources. Second generation bioethanol interests many researches from its unique source of inedible biomass, and this paper presents the potential of several selected biomasses from Malaysia case. As one of countries with rich biodiversity, Malaysia holds enormous potential in second generation bioethanol production from its various agricultural and forestry biomasses, which are the source of lignocellulosic and starch compounds. This paper reviews potentials of biomasses and potential ethanol yield from oil palm, paddy (rice), pineapple, banana and durian, as the common agricultural waste in the country but uncommon to be served as bioethanol feedstock, by calculating the theoretical conversion of cellulose, hemicellulose and starch components of the biomasses into bioethanol. Moreover, the potential of the biomasses as feedstock are discussed based on several reported works.

Aditiya, HB, Mahlia, TMI, Chong, WT, Nur, H & Sebayang, AH 2016, 'Second generation bioethanol production: A critical review', Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, vol. 66, pp. 631-653.
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It is a popular fact that the world's dependency on fossil fuel has caused unfavourable effects, including lessening crude oil reserve, decreasing air quality, rising global temperature, unpredictable weather change, and so on. As the effort to promote sustainability and independency from fossil fuel, bioethanol is now favoured as the blend or fossil petrol substitute. However, the feedstock functionality of first generation bioethanol production is restricted due to its edibleness since it would clash the feeding purpose. Second generation bioethanol production fulfils the impractical gap of first generation since it employs non-edible feedstock sourced from agriculture and forestry wastes. Lignocellulosic and starchy materials in them are convertible to fermentable sugars that are able to be further processed, resulting anhydrous bioethanol as the end product. This paper critically reviews the existing variance of second generation bioethanol production methodologies, namely pre-treatment, hydrolysis, fermentation and distillation, as well as the worth of second generation production for future reference. The discussions in this paper are also fit as the fundamental for feasible planning of second generation bioethanol production plant.

Afzal, MU & Esselle, KP 2016, 'A Low-Profile Printed Planar Phase Correcting Surface to Improve Directive Radiation Characteristics of Electromagnetic Band Gap Resonator Antennas', IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, vol. 64, no. 1, pp. 276-280.
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Aghdam, IN, Varzandeh, MHM & Pradhan, B 2016, 'Landslide susceptibility mapping using an ensemble statistical index (Wi) and adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) model at Alborz Mountains (Iran)', Environmental Earth Sciences, vol. 75, no. 7, p. 553.
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Ahadi, A, Brennan, S, Kennedy, PJ, Hutvagner, G & Tran, N 2016, 'Long non-coding RNAs harboring miRNA seed regions are enriched in prostate cancer exosomes', Scientific Reports, vol. 6, no. 1, pp. 1-14.
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AbstractLong non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) form the largest transcript class in the human transcriptome. These lncRNA are expressed not only in the cells, but they are also present in the cell-derived extracellular vesicles such as exosomes. The function of these lncRNAs in cancer biology is not entirely clear, but they appear to be modulators of gene expression. In this study, we characterize the expression of lncRNAs in several prostate cancer exosomes and their parental cell lines. We show that certain lncRNAs are enriched in cancer exosomes with the overall expression signatures varying across cell lines. These exosomal lncRNAs are themselves enriched for miRNA seeds with a preference for let-7 family members as well as miR-17, miR-18a, miR-20a, miR-93 and miR-106b. The enrichment of miRNA seed regions in exosomal lncRNAs is matched with a concomitant high expression of the same miRNA. In addition, the exosomal lncRNAs also showed an over representation of RNA binding protein binding motifs. The two most common motifs belonged to ELAVL1 and RBMX. Given the enrichment of miRNA and RBP sites on exosomal lncRNAs, their interplay may suggest a possible function in prostate cancer carcinogenesis.

Ahadi, A, Khoury, S, Losseva, M & Tran, N 2016, 'A comparative analysis of lncRNAs in prostate cancer exosomes and their parental cell lines', Genomics Data, vol. 9, pp. 7-9.
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Prostate cancer is the second leading cancer in men world-wide. Due to its heterogeneous nature, a considerable amount of research effort has been dedicated in identifying effective clinical biomarkers with a focus on proteins, messenger RNA and microRNAs. However, there is limited data on the role and expression of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) in prostate cancer exosomes. This array dataset which is linked to our publication describes the profiling of human lncRNAs in prostate cancer and their exosomes from five different cell lines. From this dataset, we identified a list of statistically significant prostate cancer lncRNAs which are differentially expressed in the exosomes compared to their parent cell lines. This dataset has been deposited into Gene Expression Omnibus (GSE81034).

Ahamed, R, Ferdaus, MM & Li, Y 2016, 'Advancement in energy harvesting magneto-rheological fluid damper: A review', Korea-Australia Rheology Journal, vol. 28, no. 4, pp. 355-379.
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In this paper, a comprehensive review of the present literature on energy generated magnetorheological (MR) fluid based damper, modeling and applications of the MR damper are presented. The review starts with an introduction of the basic of MR fluid and their different modes, consequences with different types of MR fluids based devices, and their relevant applications. Besides, various forms of MR damper and its applications are presented. Following this, the modeling of the MR fluids and the modeling of the MR fluid based damper are deliberated according to arrangement and configurations. Finally, the review ends with the design and advancement issues, performance analysis matters, and analytical modeling of energy generated magnetorheological fluid damper systems.

Ahmed, A, Masjuki, HH, Varman, M, Kalam, MA, Habibullah, M & Al Mahmud, KAH 2016, 'An overview of geometrical parameters of surface texturing for piston/cylinder assembly and mechanical seals', Meccanica, vol. 51, no. 1, pp. 9-23.
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Ahmed, MB, Hasan, ATMK, Mohiuddin, M, Asadullah, M, Rahman, MS & Khaleque, A 2016, 'Effects of heating rate and heating up time to central biomass particles for bio-oil production', Bangladesh Journal of Scientific and Industrial Research, vol. 51, no. 1, pp. 13-22.
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Objective of this work was to pyrolysis woody biomass. Experiments were carried out at 300 to 500oC. Relatively bigger particles were used. Special emphasis was given to investigate the effects of heating rate and heating up time of the central mass of the particles on the product distribution. Surface temperature reached to the reactor set temperature immediately while the temperature at the central part was as low as 50oC. The center temperature gradually increased to the final temperature within 3 to 8 minutes, depending on the wood types and the reactor set temperature. For ipil-ipil wood the heating rate of the central mass was much faster than krishnachura and koroi woods, and thus the heating up time was lower. Ipil-ipil wood was experienced higher yield (65%) even at lower reactor temperature 300oC with particle temperature 450oC. In the case of krishnachura and koroi woods, the bio-oil yields were lower under the same condition due to the heating rates of the central parts were much slower. Further researchon different biomasses may be necessary to demonstrate overall process.Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res. 51(1), 13-22, 2016

Ahmed, MB, Zhou, JL, Ngo, HH & Guo, W 2016, 'Insight into biochar properties and its cost analysis', Biomass and Bioenergy, vol. 84, pp. 76-86.
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Biochars (BCs) are widely produced and used for the remediation of environmental contaminants as bio-sorbents. In this review, statistical analysis of different BC physico–chemical properties was conducted. It was observed that woody materials are the most suitable for preparing BCs, among many other potential raw materials such as food wastes and agricultural materials. Currently BCs are produced through a variety of thermal treatment processes between 300 and 900 °C, among which slow pyrolysis is widely used due to its moderate operating conditions and optimization of BC yields. Hydrothermal carbonisation (HTC) is also an effective approach for BC production under certain conditions. As pyrolysis temperature is increased, the carbon content, ash content, surface area, and pore volume tend to be increased while the yield, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen content, and H/C and O/C molar ratios tend to decrease. The economic feasibility of BCs depends on a range of factors from raw material price to efficient production technologies. Thus, the overall cost equation of a pilot BC production plant together with the cost equation for BC regeneration has been proposed. The future research directions of BCs are also elaborated

Ahmed, MB, Zhou, JL, Ngo, HH, Guo, W & Chen, M 2016, 'Progress in the preparation and application of modified biochar for improved contaminant removal from water and wastewater', BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY, vol. 214, pp. 836-851.
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Ai, H, Xu, J, Huang, W, He, Q, Ni, B & Wang, Y 2016, 'Mechanism and kinetics of biofilm growth process influenced by shear stress in sewers', Water Science and Technology, vol. 73, no. 7, pp. 1572-1582.
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Sewer biofilms play an important role in the biotransformation of substances for methane and sulfide emission in sewer networks. The dynamic flows and the particular shear stress in sewers are the key factors determining the growth of the sewer biofilm. In this work, the development of sewer biofilm with varying shear stress is specifically investigated to gain a comprehensive understanding of the sewer biofilm dynamics. Sewer biofilms were cultivated in laboratory-scale gravity sewers under different hydraulic conditions with the corresponding shell stresses are 1.12 Pa, 1.29 Pa and 1.45 Pa, respectively. The evolution of the biofilm thickness were monitored using microelectrodes, and the variation in total solids (TS) and extracellular polymer substance (EPS) levels in the biofilm were also measured. The results showed that the steady-state biofilm thickness were highly related to the corresponding shear stresses with the biofilm thickness of 2.4 ± 0.1 mm, 2.7 ± 0.1 mm and 2.2 ± 0.1 mm at shear stresses of 1.12 Pa, 1.29 Pa and 1.45 Pa, respectively, which the chemical oxygen demand concentration is 400 mg/L approximately. Based on these observations, a kinetic model for describing the development of sewer biofilms was developed and demonstrated to be capable of reproducing all the experimental data.

Al-Abadi, AM, Pradhan, B & Shahid, S 2016, 'Prediction of groundwater flowing well zone at An-Najif Province, central Iraq using evidential belief functions model and GIS', Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, vol. 188, no. 10, p. 549.
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Alam, M, Sanjayan, J, Zou, PXW, Stewart, MG & Wilson, J 2016, 'Modelling the correlation between building energy ratings and heat-related mortality and morbidity', Sustainable Cities and Society, vol. 22, pp. 29-39.
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Climate change has led to an increase in the frequency and intensity of heatwaves as well as the risk of heat stress within buildings. To provide habitable indoor conditions without air-conditioning during heatwave, residential building energy efficiency need to be upgraded. The aim of this research is to investigate the possible correlation of building energy rating upgrading with heat-related health hazard during heatwave, with case data drawing from Melbourne, Australia. Using building simulations, indoor heat stress conditions of different energy rated houses were calculated using wet bulb globe temperature and discomfort index under the Melbourne 2009 heatwave conditions. The results showed that during three days heatwave period, residents of 0.9 star energy rated house were exposed to extreme heat stress conditions for almost 25 h compared to only 6 h experienced by the occupants of 5.4 star energy rated house. Several robust empirical relationships were proposed to predict deaths, ambulance calls, emergency department presentations and after hour doctor calls during heatwave. It was concluded that mortality rate from a Melbourne 2009 type, as well as, future more intense heatwave may reduce by 90% if entire existing lower energy star rated houses can be upgraded to minimum 5.4 star energy rating.

Alarkawi, D, Bliuc, D, Nguyen, TV, Eisman, JA & Center, JR 2016, 'Contribution of Lumbar Spine BMD to Fracture Risk in Individuals With T‐Score Discordance', Journal of Bone and Mineral Research, vol. 31, no. 2, pp. 274-280.
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ABSTRACTFracture risk estimates are usually based on femoral neck (FN) BMD. It is unclear how to address T‐score discordance, where lumbar spine (LS) T‐score is lower than FN T‐score. The objective of this work was to examine the impact of LS BMD on fracture risk, in individuals with lower LS T‐score than FN T‐score. Participants aged 60+ years from the Dubbo Osteoporosis Epidemiology Study with LS and FN BMD measured at first visit, and were followed from 1989 to 2014. Five‐hundred and seventy‐three (573) of 2270 women and 131 of 1373 men had lower LS than FN T‐score by ≥0.6 standard deviation (SD) (low‐LS group based on least significant change). In low‐LS women, each 1 SD lower LS T‐score than FN was associated with a 30% increase in fracture risk (hazard ratio [HR] 1.30; 95% CI, 1.11 to 1.45). For low‐LS men there was a 20% nonsignificant increase in fracture risk for each 1 SD lower LS than FN T‐score (HR 1.20; 95% CI, 0.10 to 1.67). Low‐LS women had greater absolute fracture risks than the rest of the women. This increased risk was more apparent for lower levels of FN T‐score and in older age groups. At an FN T‐score of –2, low‐LS women had a 3%, 10%, and 23% higher 5‐year absolute fracture risk than non‐low LS women in the 60 to 69 year, 70 to 79 year, and 80+ years age‐groups, respectively. Furthermore, an osteoporotic LS T‐score increased 5‐year absolute fracture risk for women with normal or osteopenic FN T‐score by 10% to 13%. Men in the low‐LS group had very few fractures; therefore, a meaningful analyses of fracture risk could not be conducted. This study shows the significant...

Alavi, AH, Gandomi, AH & Lary, DJ 2016, 'Progress of machine learning in geosciences: Preface', Geoscience Frontiers, vol. 7, no. 1, pp. 1-2.
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Alazigha, DP, Indraratna, B, Vinod, JS & Ezeajugh, LE 2016, 'The swelling behaviour of lignosulfonate-treated expansive soil', Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Ground Improvement, vol. 169, no. 3, pp. 182-193.
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This paper presents results regarding the potential of lignosulfonate (LS) to control the swelling of expansive soil. One-dimensional swell tests were performed on untreated and LS-treated remoulded samples of Australian expansive soil from the state of Queensland. The test results indicated that LS has significant influence on the swelling behaviour of this expansive soil. The results were compared with those of identical cement-treated soil samples, and it was found that LS could be a economical and environmentally friendly alternative to traditional alkaline additives. In addition, the behaviour of LS-treated specimens during repeated freezing and thawing cycles was measured. The results indicated significant improvement in the percentage mass loss in LS-treated specimens compared with cement-treated specimens. The microstructural analysis of the untreated and the LS-treated samples showed soil surface area reduction in the treated specimens, which in turn reduced the affinity of the specimens towards moisture uptake, resulting in a reduction in the swell potential of the otherwise expansive soil. The use of LS as a novel non-traditional stabiliser for expansive soil appears to be a viable solution in view of the sustainable use of waste by-products and green construction.

Alengaram, UJ, Mohottige, NHW, Wu, C, Jumaat, MZ, Poh, YS & Wang, Z 2016, 'Response of oil palm shell concrete slabs subjected to quasi-static and blast loads', Construction and Building Materials, vol. 116, pp. 391-402.
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Al-Haj Mohd, MMM, Phung, H, Sun, J & Morisky, DE 2016, 'Improving adherence to medication in adults with diabetes in the United Arab Emirates', BMC Public Health, vol. 16, no. 1.
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Alharbi, SK, Price, WE, Kang, J, Fujioka, T & Nghiem, LD 2016, 'Ozonation of carbamazepine, diclofenac, sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim and formation of major oxidation products', Desalination and Water Treatment, vol. 57, no. 60, pp. 29340-29351.
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Ali, A & Lee, JE-Y 2016, 'Electrical characterization of piezoelectric-on-silicon contour mode resonators fully immersed in liquid', Sensors and Actuators A: Physical, vol. 241, pp. 216-223.
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Al-Mashaqbeh, O & McLaughlan, R 2016, 'Zinc sorption onto different particle sizes of compost from aqueous solution', Desalination and Water Treatment, vol. 57, no. 29, pp. 13678-13689.
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The zinc adsorption capacity and kinetics of different compost particle sizes were investigated using batch and column experiments. The results indicated that the particle size influenced the sorption process. The surface area per unit weight of the sorbent increased as the particle size decreased. The adsorption equilibrium data fitted very well both the Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms. The estimated sorption capacities of different compost particle size in the column experiment were 22.9 mg/g (0.60 mm), 17.3 mg/g (1.18 mm) and 12.7 mg/g (4.75 mm) compared with Langumir isotherm predictions of 26.6 mg/g (0.60 mm), 18.7 mg/g (1.18 mm) and 15.6 mg/g (4.75 mm). It is evident that compost has a high affinity for zinc which reflects the physicochemical properties of the compost particles. These properties indicate that weak physical sorption and strong chemical sorption is likely to occur between zinc and the compost particles.

Alnaghy, S, Safavi-Naeini, M, Franklin, DR, Han, Z, Cutajar, DL, Petasecca, M, Lerch, M & Rosenfeld, AB 2016, 'Analytical Modelling and Simulation of Single and Double Cone Pinholes for Real-Time In-Body Tracking of an HDR Brachytherapy Source', IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE, vol. 63, no. 3, pp. 1375-1385.
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Al-sharif, AAA & Pradhan, B 2016, 'Spatio-temporal Prediction of Urban Expansion Using Bivariate Statistical Models: Assessment of the Efficacy of Evidential Belief Functions and Frequency Ratio Models', Applied Spatial Analysis and Policy, vol. 9, no. 2, pp. 213-231.
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Altaee, A & Hilal, N 2016, 'Dual stage PRO power generation from brackish water brine and wastewater effluent feeds', Desalination, vol. 389, pp. 68-77.
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Altaee, A, Ismail, AF, Sharif, A & Zaragoza, G 2016, 'Dual stage PRO process: impact of the membrane materials of the process performance', Desalination and Water Treatment, vol. 57, no. 14, pp. 6172-6183.
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Altaee, A, Ismail, AF, Sharif, A, Zaragoza, G & Carvalho, PC 2016, 'Two-stage FO-BWRO/NF treatment of saline waters', Desalination and Water Treatment, vol. 57, no. 11, pp. 4842-4852.
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Altaee, A, Millar, GJ & Zaragoza, G 2016, 'Integration and optimization of pressure retarded osmosis with reverse osmosis for power generation and high efficiency desalination', Energy, vol. 103, pp. 110-118.
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Altaee, A, Millar, GJ, Sharif, AO & Zaragoza, G 2016, 'Forward osmosis process for supply of fertilizer solutions from seawater using a mixture of draw solutions', Desalination and Water Treatment, vol. 57, no. 58, pp. 28025-28041.
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© 2016 Balaban Desalination Publications. All rights reserved.Novel desalination approaches are required to provide both drinking and agricultural water as there is ever increasing stress upon precious freshwater resources. It was our hypothesis that a modified Forward Osmosis (FO) process had the potential for production of irrigation water comprising of appropriate concentrations of fertilizers from a seawater feed. Four agents, KNO3, Na2SO4, CaNO3, and MgCl2, plus 35 g/L seawater were used as the draw and feed solutions of the FO process. Net Driving Pressure in the FO process was manipulated either by increasing the concentration of draw solution (FO process) or by increasing feed pressure (Pressure Assisted FO (PAFO) process). A series of nanofiltration (NF) and reverse osmosis (RO) membranes were used for the regeneration of draw solution. The results suggested that a PAFO process was more energy efficient than simple FO, provided the energy relating to the brine flow from the NF/RO membrane for pressurizing the feed solution of PAFO process was used. Furthermore, this study suggested using a mixture of a primary draw solution, MgCl2, and a secondary draw solution, KNO3, for NO3 supply into the irrigation water was preferable. As such, MgCl2 provided the driving force for fresh water extraction while KNO3 was the source of fertilizer in the irrigation water. Results showed that water quality provided by application of a MgCl2 + KNO3 draw solution was better than that from KNO3 or Ca(NO3)2. The concentrations of NO3 and SO4 in irrigation water were within recommended levels when the diluted draw solution was regenerated by a dual stage low-pressure RO process.

Altaee, A, Sharif, AO & Hamdan, M 2016, 'Nanofiltration separation of highly concentrated multivalent electrolyte draw solution; a pilot plant study', Desalination and Water Treatment, vol. 57, no. 43, pp. 20237-20247.
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Altalyan, HN, Jones, B, Bradd, J, Nghiem, LD & Alyazichi, YM 2016, 'Removal of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from groundwater by reverse osmosis and nanofiltration', Journal of Water Process Engineering, vol. 9, pp. 9-21.
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Althuwaynee, OF, Pradhan, B & Lee, S 2016, 'A novel integrated model for assessing landslide susceptibility mapping using CHAID and AHP pair-wise comparison', International Journal of Remote Sensing, vol. 37, no. 5, pp. 1190-1209.
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Alzoubi, YI, Gill, AQ & Al-Ani, A 2016, 'Empirical studies of geographically distributed agile development communication challenges: A systematic review.', Inf. Manag., vol. 53, no. 1, pp. 22-37.
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There is increasing interest in studying and applying geographically distributed agile development (GDAD). Much has been published on GDAD communication. There is a need to systematically review and synthesize the literature on GDAD communication challenges. Using the SLR approach and applying customized search criteria derived from the research questions, 21 relevant empirical studies were identified and reviewed in this paper. The data from these papers were extracted to identify communication challenges and the techniques used to overcome these challenges. The findings of this research serve as a resource for GDAD practitioners and researchers when setting future research priorities and directions.

Ambusaidi, MA, He, X, Nanda, P & Tan, Z 2016, 'Building an Intrusion Detection System Using a Filter-Based Feature Selection Algorithm', IEEE Transactions on Computers, vol. 65, no. 10, pp. 2986-2998.
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Redundant and irrelevant features in data have caused a long-term problem in network traffic classification. These features not only slow down the process of classification but also prevent a classifier from making accurate decisions, especially when coping with big data. In this paper, we propose a mutual information based algorithm that analytically selects the optimal feature for classification. This mutual information based feature selection algorithm can handle linearly and nonlinearly dependent data features. Its effectiveness is evaluated in the cases of network intrusion detection. An Intrusion Detection System (IDS), named Least Square Support Vector Machine based IDS (LSSVM-IDS), is built using the features selected by our proposed feature selection algorithm. The performance of LSSVM-IDS is evaluated using three intrusion detection evaluation datasets, namely KDD Cup 99, NSL-KDD and Kyoto 2006+ dataset. The evaluation results show that our feature selection algorithm contributes more critical features for LSSVM-IDS to achieve better accuracy and lower computational cost compared with the state-of-the-art methods.

An, L & Lu, DD-C 2016, 'Analysis of DC Bus Capacitor Current Ripple Reduction in Basic DC/DC Cascaded Two-Stage Power Converters', IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, vol. 63, no. 12, pp. 7467-7477.
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Anaissi, A, Goyal, M, Catchpoole, DR, Braytee, A & Kennedy, PJ 2016, 'Ensemble feature learning of genomic data using support vector machine', PLoS ONE, vol. 11, no. 6, pp. e0157330-e0157330.
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© 2016 Anaissi et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. The identification of a subset of genes having the ability to capture the necessary information to distinguish classes of patients is crucial in bioinformatics applications. Ensemble and bagging methods have been shown to work effectively in the process of gene selection and classification. Testament to that is random forest which combines random decision trees with bagging to improve overall feature selection and classification accuracy. Surprisingly, the adoption of these methods in support vector machines has only recently received attention but mostly on classification not gene selection. This paper introduces an ensemble SVM-Recursive Feature Elimination (ESVM-RFE) for gene selection that follows the concepts of ensemble and bagging used in random forest but adopts the backward elimination strategy which is the rationale of RFE algorithm. The rationale behind this is, building ensemble SVM models using randomly drawn bootstrap samples from the training set, will produce different feature rankings which will be subsequently aggregated as one feature ranking. As a result, the decision for elimination of features is based upon the ranking of multiple SVM models instead of choosing one particular model. Moreover, this approach will address the problem of imbalanced datasets by constructing a nearly balanced bootstrap sample. Our experiments show that ESVM-RFE for gene selection substantially increased the classification performance on five microarray datasets compared to state-of-the-art methods. Experiments on the childhood leukaemia dataset show that an average 9% better accuracy is achieved by ESVM-RFE over SVM-RFE, and 5% over random forest based approach. The selected genes by the ESVM-RFE algo...

Ang, KCS, Sankaran, S & Killen, CP 2016, '‘Value for Whom, by Whom’: Investigating Value Constructs in Non-Profit Project Portfolios', Project Management Research and Practice, vol. 3, no. July-Dec, pp. 5038-5038.
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In most non-profit organisations (NPOs), there are multiple programs, projects or initiatives running simultaneously. The management of multiple projects in organisations can be coined as project portfolio management (PPM) (Archer & Ghasemzadeh 1999; Pennypacker & Dye 2002).  In any project-based organisation, it is critical that selected projects align with and deliver the organisation’s strategy or mission. Decisions about project funding are strategic decisions, particularly when there are resource limitations. In PPM decision making, the allocation of resources to projects requires a clear judgement of value across multiple perspectives. Value has often been expressed in financial terms, however increasingly research indicates that non-financial considerations are equally important in evaluating value.A key task in project portfolio management is to maximise value across the portfolio.  However, value can be a subjective notion, as each person may have different expectations of what is valuable. The involvement of diverse stakeholder interests could create complexities in decision making in non-profit organisations due to value being interpreted in different ways by the stakeholders. Furthermore in order to achieve its purpose, non-profits depend heavily on donors, patrons and sponsors - stakeholders who contribute to the portfolio but are often not the direct recipients of the services provided by the non-profit organisation (Kaplan 2012). Non-profit portfolios often compete with other initiatives for resources and attention from the same donors and sponsors, and may need to constantly justify the value they provide to these stakeholders.Most research about value in PPM has been conducted in the ‘for-profit’ sector. Recent value-based studies in the project portfolio field stress the importance of considering both commercial and non-commercial value in portfolio decision making (Killen, du Plessis & Young 2012; Kopman 2013; Martinsuo &...

Angelini, M, Coupland, M, Schuck, S & Prescott, A 2016, 'Engaging Australian Students in Maths Learning', Reflections, vol. 41, no. 1.

Ankiewicz, A, Kedziora, DJ, Chowdury, A, Bandelow, U & Akhmediev, N 2016, 'Infinite hierarchy of nonlinear Schrödinger equations and their solutions', Physical Review E, vol. 93, no. 1.
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Ansari, AJ, Hai, FI, Guo, W, Ngo, HH, Price, WE & Nghiem, LD 2016, 'Factors governing the pre-concentration of wastewater using forward osmosis for subsequent resource recovery', Science of The Total Environment, vol. 566-567, pp. 559-566.
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Ansari, AJ, Hai, FI, Price, WE & Nghiem, LD 2016, 'Phosphorus recovery from digested sludge centrate using seawater-driven forward osmosis', Separation and Purification Technology, vol. 163, pp. 1-7.
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Ara, P, Yu, K, Cheng, S, Dutkiewicz, E & Heimlich, MC 2016, 'Derivation of CRLB for Wireless Capsule Endoscope Localization Using Received Signal Strength', IEEE Sensors Journal, vol. 16, no. 24, pp. 9064-9074.
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Argent, RM, Sojda, RS, Giupponi, C, McIntosh, B, Voinov, AA & Maier, HR 2016, 'Best practices for conceptual modelling in environmental planning and management', Environmental Modelling & Software, vol. 80, pp. 113-121.
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Argha, A, Li, L, Su, S & Nguyen, H 2016, 'Stabilising the networked control systems involving actuation and measurement consecutive packet losses', IET Control Theory & Applications, vol. 10, no. 11, pp. 1269-1280.
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This study is devoted to the problem of designing a robust output-feedback discrete-time sliding mode control (ODSMC) for the networked systems involving both measuring and actuating data packet losses. Packet losses in the networked control systems (NCSs) have been modelled by utilising the probability and the characteristics of the sources and the destinations. Here, the well-known Bernoulli random binary distribution is used to model consecutive packet losses in the NCSs. In this study, first, a robust observer-based discrete-time sliding mode control is proposed for the NCSs including random packet losses. The packet losses occur in the channels from the sensors to the controller and the channels from the controller to the actuators. Then, using the notion of exponential mean square stability, the boundedness of the obtained closed-loop system is analysed with a linear matrix inequality approach. Our proposed robust ODSMC can be applied to unstable NCSs, and there is no need to stabilise the underlying system in advance. Illustrative examples are presented to show the effectiveness of the proposed approach.

Argha, A, Li, L, Su, SW & Nguyen, H 2016, 'On LMI-based sliding mode control for uncertain discrete-time systems', Journal of the Franklin Institute, vol. 353, no. 15, pp. 3857-3875.
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In this paper, a new approach to design a robust discrete-time sliding mode control (DSMC) is proposed for uncertain discrete-time systems. To this end, an LMI approach is used to develop a new framework to design the sliding function which is linear to the state. Our proposed robust DSMC can be applied to unstable systems, and also there is no need to stabilize the underlying system first. It has been argued in the literature that for the systems involving balanced external disturbances, using switching component is not needed. In this paper, it is shown that with the assumption of smoothness of the external disturbances, a different form of switching element in the controller can outperform the so-called linear controller in terms of the thickness of the boundary layer around the sliding function and the ultimate bound on the system state. Also, this paper extends the idea of disturbance estimation to the uncertain discrete-time systems. The disturbance estimator is exploited in the controller design and the boundedness of the obtained closed-loop system is analyzed. Also, two novel forms of variable structure DSMC are suggested in this paper.

Arslan, A, Masjuki, HH, Kalam, MA, Varman, M, Mufti, RA, Mosarof, MH, Khuong, LS & Quazi, MM 2016, 'Surface Texture Manufacturing Techniques and Tribological Effect of Surface Texturing on Cutting Tool Performance: A Review', Critical Reviews in Solid State and Materials Sciences, vol. 41, no. 6, pp. 447-481.
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Arslan, A, Masjuki, HH, Varman, M, Kalam, MA, Quazi, MM & Mosarof, MH 2016, 'Effect of change in temperature on the tribological performance of micro surface textured DLC coating – CORRIGENDUM', Journal of Materials Research, vol. 31, no. 6, pp. 820-820.
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Arslan, A, Masjuki, HH, Varman, M, Kalam, MA, Quazi, MM & Mosarof, MH 2016, 'Effect of change in temperature on the tribological performance of micro surface textured DLC coating', Journal of Materials Research, vol. 31, no. 13, pp. 1837-1847.
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Abstract

Asadnia, M, Kottapalli, AGP, Karavitaki, KD, Warkiani, ME, Miao, J, Corey, DP & Triantafyllou, M 2016, 'From Biological Cilia to Artificial Flow Sensors: Biomimetic Soft Polymer Nanosensors with High Sensing Performance', Scientific Reports, vol. 6, no. 1.
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AbstractWe report the development of a new class of miniature all-polymer flow sensors that closely mimic the intricate morphology of the mechanosensory ciliary bundles in biological hair cells. An artificial ciliary bundle is achieved by fabricating bundled polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) micro-pillars with graded heights and electrospinning polyvinylidenefluoride (PVDF) piezoelectric nanofiber tip links. The piezoelectric nature of a single nanofiber tip link is confirmed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Rheology and nanoindentation experiments are used to ensure that the viscous properties of the hyaluronic acid (HA)-based hydrogel are close to the biological cupula. A dome-shaped HA hydrogel cupula that encapsulates the artificial hair cell bundle is formed through precision drop-casting and swelling processes. Fluid drag force actuates the hydrogel cupula and deflects the micro-pillar bundle, stretching the nanofibers and generating electric charges. Functioning with principles analogous to the hair bundles, the sensors achieve a sensitivity and threshold detection limit of 300 mV/(m/s) and 8 μm/s, respectively. These self-powered, sensitive, flexible, biocompatibale and miniaturized sensors can find extensive applications in navigation and maneuvering of underwater robots, artificial hearing systems, biomedical and microfluidic devices.

Asghari, A & Gandomi, AH 2016, 'Ductility reduction factor and collapse mechanism evaluation of a new steel knee braced frame', Structure and Infrastructure Engineering, vol. 12, no. 2, pp. 239-255.
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Ashe, B, Nguyen, LN, Hai, FI, Lee, DJ, van, DMJP, Leusch, FDL, Price, WE & Nghiem, LD 2016, 'Impacts of redox-mediator type on trace organic contaminants degradation by laccase: Degradation efficiency, laccase stability and effluent toxicity', International Biodeterioration and Biodegradation, vol. 113, pp. 169-176.
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This study compares the effectiveness of seven redox-mediating compounds namely, 1-hydrozybenzotriazole (HBT), N-hydroxyphthalimide (HPI), 2,2,6,6-Tetramethyl-1-piperidinyloxy (TEMPO), violuric acid (VA), syringaldehyde (SA), vanillin (VA), and 2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) diammonium salt (ABTS), which follow distinct oxidation pathways, for the degradation of trace organic contaminants (TrOCs). These redox-mediators were investigated for improved degradation of four TrOCs showing resistance to degradation by crude laccase from the white-rot fungus Pleurotus ostreatus. ABTS and VA achieved the highest degradation of the phenolic compounds (i.e., oxybenzone and pentachlorophenol), whereas the non-phenolic compounds (i.e., naproxen and atrazine) were best removed using VA or HBT. This implies that the non-phenolic compounds are more effectively removed by the radical species generated by the [Formula presented] type mediators (i.e., VA and HBT), while removal of the phenolic compounds may depend more on the stability and the redox potential of the radicals generated from the mediator, irrespective of the type. Notably, enzyme stability was greatly affected by the [Formula presented] type mediators but it was compensated by their rapid degradation capacity. Overall, VA and HBT ([Formula presented] type) appear to be the best mediators for enhanced degradation of the selected compounds without causing significant toxicity in the effluent.

Asheralieva, A & Miyanaga, Y 2016, 'An Autonomous Learning-Based Algorithm for Joint Channel and Power Level Selection by D2D Pairs in Heterogeneous Cellular Networks', IEEE Transactions on Communications, vol. 64, no. 9, pp. 3996-4012.
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Asheralieva, A & Miyanaga, Y 2016, 'Dynamic Buffer Status-Based Control for LTE-A Network With Underlay D2D Communication', IEEE Transactions on Communications, vol. 64, no. 3, pp. 1342-1355.
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Asheralieva, A & Miyanaga, Y 2016, 'Dynamic Resource Allocation with Integrated Reinforcement Learning for a D2D-Enabled LTE-A Network with Access to Unlicensed Band', Mobile Information Systems, vol. 2016, pp. 1-18.
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We propose a dynamic resource allocation algorithm for device-to-device (D2D) communication underlying a Long Term Evolution Advanced (LTE-A) network with reinforcement learning (RL) applied for unlicensed channel allocation. In a considered system, the inband and outband resources are assigned by the LTE evolved NodeB (eNB) to different device pairs to maximize the network utility subject to the target signal-to-interference-and-noise ratio (SINR) constraints. Because of the absence of an established control link between the unlicensed and cellular radio interfaces, the eNB cannot acquire any information about the quality and availability of unlicensed channels. As a result, a considered problem becomes a stochastic optimization problem that can be dealt with by deploying a learning theory (to estimate the random unlicensed channel environment). Consequently, we formulate the outband D2D access as a dynamic single-player game in which the player (eNB) estimates its possible strategy and expected utility for all of its actions based only on its own local observations using a joint utility and strategy estimation based reinforcement learning (JUSTE-RL) with regret algorithm. A proposed approach for resource allocation demonstrates near-optimal performance after a small number of RL iterations and surpasses the other comparable methods in terms of energy efficiency and throughput maximization.

Asheralieva, A & Miyanaga, Y 2016, 'Effective resource block allocation procedure for quality of service provisioning in a single-operator heterogeneous LTE-A network', Computer Networks, vol. 108, pp. 1-14.
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Asheralieva, A & Miyanaga, Y 2016, 'Joint Bandwidth and Power Allocation for LTE-Based Cognitive Radio Network Based on Buffer Occupancy', Mobile Information Systems, vol. 2016, pp. 1-23.
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We investigate the problem of resource allocation in a cognitive long-term evolution (LTE) network, where the available bandwidth resources are shared among the primary (licensed) users (PUs) and secondary (unlicensed) users (SUs). Under such spectrum sharing conditions, the transmission of the SUs should have minimal impact on quality of service (QoS) and operating conditions of the PUs. To achieve this goal, we propose to assign the network resources based on the buffer sizes of the PUs and SUs in the uplink (UL) and downlink (DL) directions. To ensure that the QoS requirements of the PUs are satisfied, we enforce some upper bound on the size of their buffers considering two network usage scenarios. In the first scenario, PUs pay full price for accessing the spectrum and get full QoS protection; the SUs access the network for free and are served on a best-effort basis. In the second scenario, PUs pay less in exchange for sharing the bandwidth and get the reduced QoS guarantees; SUs pay some price for their access without any QoS guarantees. Performance of the algorithms proposed in the paper is evaluated using simulations in OPNET environment. The algorithms show superior performance when compared with other relevant techniques.

Asheralieva, A & Miyanaga, Y 2016, 'QoS-Oriented Mode, Spectrum, and Power Allocation for D2D Communication Underlaying LTE-A Network', IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology, vol. 65, no. 12, pp. 9787-9800.
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Ashour, M, Butt, MM, Mohamed, A, ElBatt, T & Krunz, M 2016, 'Energy-Aware Cooperative Wireless Networks With Multiple Cognitive Users', IEEE Transactions on Communications, vol. 64, no. 8, pp. 3233-3245.
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Ashraful, AM, Masjuki, HH, Kalam, MA, Rashedul, HK, Habibullah, M, Rashed, MM, Mosarof, MH & Arslan, A 2016, 'Impact of edible and non-edible biodiesel fuel properties and engine operation condition on the performance and emission characteristics of unmodified DI diesel engine', Biofuels, vol. 7, no. 3, pp. 219-232.
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Askari, M, Li, J & Samali, B 2016, 'A compact self-adaptive recursive least square approach for real-time structural identification with unknown inputs', Advances in Structural Engineering, vol. 19, no. 7, pp. 1118-1129.
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A new online tracking technique, based on recursive least square with adaptive multiple forgetting factors, is presented in this article which can estimate abrupt changes in structural parameters during excitation and also identify the unknown inputs to the structure, for example, earthquake signal. The method considers an adaptive rule for each of the forgetting factors assigned to each of the unknown parameters and thus enables simultaneous identification of different time-varying parameters of the system. The method is validated through both linear and nonlinear case studies, with different excitations and damage scenarios. The results show that the proposed algorithm can effectively identify the time-varying parameters such as damping, stiffness as well as unknown excitations with high computational efficiency, even when the measured data are contaminated with different levels of noise. However, when damage occurs while the excitation is small, the identification error remains at a small range, and therefore, covariance cannot be amplified to effectively track the changes in unknown parameters.

Askari, M, Li, J & Samali, B 2016, 'Application of Kalman Filtering Methods to Online Real-Time Structural Identification: A Comparison Study', International Journal of Structural Stability and Dynamics, vol. 16, no. 06, pp. 1550016-1550016.
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System identification refers to the process of building or improving mathematical models of dynamical systems from the observed experimental input–output data. In the area of civil engineering, the estimation of the integrity of a structure under dynamic loadings and during service condition has become a challenge for the engineering community. Therefore, there has been a great deal of attention paid to online and real-time structural identification, especially when input–output measurement data are contaminated by high-level noise. Among real-time identification methods, one of the most successful and widely used algorithms for estimation of system states and parameters is the Kalman filter and its various nonlinear extensions such as extended Kalman filter (EKF), Iterated EKF (IEKF), the recently developed unscented Kalman filter (UKF) and Iterated UKF (IUKF). In this paper, an investigation has been carried out on the aforementioned techniques for their effectiveness and efficiencies through a highly nonlinear single degree of freedom (SDOF) structure as well as a two-storey linear structure. Although IEKF is an improved version of EKF, results show that IUKF generally produces better results in terms of structural parameters and state estimation than UKF and IEKF. Also IUKF is more robust to noise levels compared to the other approaches.

Askari, M, Li, J & Samali, B 2016, 'Semi-active control of smart building-MR damper systems using novel TSK-Inv and max-min algorithms', Smart Structures and Systems, vol. 18, no. 5, pp. 1005-1028.
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Askari, M, Li, J, Samali, B & Gu, X 2016, 'Experimental forward and inverse modelling of magnetorheological dampers using an optimal Takagi–Sugeno–Kang fuzzy scheme', Journal of Intelligent Material Systems and Structures, vol. 27, no. 7, pp. 904-914.
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An evolving encoding scheme is presented in this article for a fuzzy-based nonlinear system identification scheme, using the subtractive fuzzy C-mean clustering and a modified version of non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm. This method is able to automatically select the best inputs as well as the structure of the fuzzy model such as rules and membership functions. Moreover, three objective functions are considered to satisfy both accuracy and compactness of the model. The developed method is then employed to identify both forward and inverse models of a highly nonlinear structural control device, that is, magnetorheological damper. Experimental results showed that the proposed evolving Takagi–Sugeno–Kang fuzzy model can identify and grasp the nonlinear behaviour of magnetorheological damper very well with minimal number of inputs and fuzzy rules.

Atiquzzaman, M & Kandasamy, J 2016, 'Prediction of hydrological time-series using extreme learning machine', JOURNAL OF HYDROINFORMATICS, vol. 18, no. 2, pp. 345-353.
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Applying feed-forward neural networks has been limited due to the use of conventional gradient-based slow learning algorithms in training and iterative determination of network parameters. This paper demonstrates a method that partly overcomes these problems by using an extreme learning machine (ELM) which predicts the hydrological time-series very quickly. ELMs, also called single-hidden layer feed-forward neural networks (SLFNs), are able to well generalize the performance for extremely complex problems. ELM randomly chooses a single hidden layer and analytically determines the weights to predict the output. The ELM method was applied to predict hydrological flow series for the Tryggevælde Catchment, Denmark and for the Mississippi River at Vicksburg, USA. The results confirmed that ELM's performance was similar or better in terms of root mean square error (RMSE) and normalized root mean square error (NRMSE) compared to ANN and other previously published techniques, namely evolutionary computation based support vector machine (EC-SVM), standard chaotic approach and inverse approach.

Atiquzzaman, M & Kandasamy, J 2016, 'Prediction of inflows from dam catchment using genetic programming', International Journal of Hydrology Science and Technology, vol. 6, no. 2, pp. 103-103.
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Application of hydroinformatics tools for managing water resources is common in the water industry. Over the last few decades, several hydroinformatics tools including genetic programming (GP) have been developed and applied in hydrology. GP has been successfully applied for calibration of numerous event-based rainfall and runoff models. However, applying GP to predict long-term time series for the management of water resources is limited. This study demonstrates GP's application in long-term prediction of catchment runoff concerning a dam located in Oberon, New South Wales, Australia. The calibration showed excellent agreement between the observed and simulated flows recorded over 30 years. The model was then applied for the assessment of catchment yields for a future 100 years flows based on two assumed climatic scenarios.

Aung, TH, Khabbaz, H & Fatahi, B 2016, 'Parametric Study of Applied Stresses on Infiltration Modular Cells Installed under Roads', Procedia Engineering, vol. 143, pp. 1325-1332.
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© 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Modular geocellular units are applicable for the prevention and minimisation of stormwater runoff and flooding as a sustainable and cost-effective solution of road applications for drainage. The integrated units buried are exposed to the dead loads and live loads emerging from the surrounding soil pressure, pore water pressure and surcharge. Thus, a computer program using MATLAB is developed for the assessment of the total vertical and lateral earth pressure exerting on the modules complying with the Australian Standards AS 4678 (2002) and AS 5100.2(2004). Lateral earth pressure concept based on Rankine's theory is adopted in this model as the analytical approach. Closed-form solutions based on the fundamental soil mechanics are applied in the analytical calculation steps made. The model also considers different guidelines such as AASHTO LRFD Bridge Design Specifications (2010) for the stress distribution of vehicular loads according to the selected axle type. In consideration of the interaction of the moving vehicle and the bridge, the dynamic load allowance is also applied in terms of the static equivalent of the dynamic and vibratory effect as prescribed in AS 5100.2 (2004). Based on the results obtained, the numerical and theoretical results generated by the program provide considerable and influential factors in regarding to the parametric study and sensitivity analysis presented in this paper.

Aung, Y, Khabbaz, H & Fatahi, B 2016, 'Review on Thermo-mechanical Approach in the Modelling of Geo-materials Incorporating Non-associated Flow Rules', Procedia Engineering, vol. 143, pp. 331-338.
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© 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Recently, there has been a burgeoning interest in developing constitutive soil models from the laws of thermodynamics, mainly due to the benefits that these models automatically obey them and the approach provides a well-established structure and reduces the need for 'ad hoc' postulates. A thermodynamic framework, also known as thermo-mechanical framework, has the capability to predict the behaviour of geotechnical materials, which requires the anticipated incorporation of non-associated flow rules. As it is very challenging to achieve acceptable accuracy in plasticity modelling of granular materials, this paper aims to review this framework not only to discuss the details of the major components but also to highlight the capability of generating non-associated flow rules in a natural way from thermo-mechanical principles. This approach introduces the use of internal variables to develop the two thermodynamic potentials (the free energy and the rate of dissipation functions), sufficient to derive the corresponding yield function, flow rule, isotropic and kinematic hardening rules as well as the basic elasticity law. It is shown that the non-associated flow rule can be derived naturally from the postulated stress-dependent dissipation increment function. Comparison has been made with stress-independent dissipation to demonstrate that the approach can also successfully explain the behaviour of standard materials with associated flow rules. The basic steps for the thermo-mechanical formulation for developing a constitutive model are also reviewed and summarised. Furthermore, the power of conventional mathematical technique, Legendre transformation, in the derivation of constitutive equations has been highlighted.

Avellino, R, Havermans, M, Erpelinck, C, Sanders, MA, Hoogenboezem, R, van de Werken, HJG, Rombouts, E, van Lom, K, van Strien, PMH, Gebhard, C, Rehli, M, Pimanda, J, Beck, D, Erkeland, S, Kuiken, T, de Looper, H, Gröschel, S, Touw, I, Bindels, E & Delwel, R 2016, 'An autonomous CEBPA enhancer specific for myeloid-lineage priming and neutrophilic differentiation', Blood, vol. 127, no. 24, pp. 2991-3003.
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Key Points The CEBPA locus harbors 14 enhancers of which distinct combinations are active in different CEBPA-expressing tissues. A +42-kb enhancer is required for myeloid-lineage priming to drive adequate CEBPA expression levels necessary for neutrophilic maturation.

Azad, AK, Rasul, MG, Khan, MMK, Sharma, SC, Mofijur, M & Bhuiya, MMK 2016, 'Prospects, feedstocks and challenges of biodiesel production from beauty leaf oil and castor oil: A nonedible oil sources in Australia', Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, vol. 61, pp. 302-318.
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Azadeh, A, Aryaee, M, Zarrin, M & Saberi, M 2016, 'A novel performance measurement approach based on trust context using fuzzy T-norm and S-norm operators: The case study of energy consumption', Energy Exploration & Exploitation, vol. 34, no. 4, pp. 561-585.
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In today’s economic environment, performance and efficiency assessment is essential for organizations in order to survive and raise their market share. Energy efficient consumption is a major issue in the energy planning of each country which is a big concern of managers, hence, exploitation of a strong approach for efficiency evaluation and assessment seems necessary in the energy section. In this study, a novel performance assessment model is proposed based on the concept of trust, using two popular fuzzy operators called T-norm and S-norm. The developed model is applied for a real case study of energy consumption efficiency assessment for 36 countries. An adaptive network based fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) is used to measure the efficiencies. Also, to predict efficiency rates of the future time periods, a regression model is applied as a time series model. The obtained results indicate the superiority and applicability of the proposed methodology. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study that proposes a novel performance measurement approach based on trust context by using fuzzy T-norm and S-norm operators.

Azari, B, Fatahi, B & Khabbaz, H 2016, 'Assessment of the elastic-viscoplastic behavior of soft soils improved with vertical drains capturing reduced shear strength of a disturbed zone', International Journal of Geomechanics, vol. 16, no. 1, pp. B4014001-B4014001.
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© 2015 American Society of Civil Engineers. Soil disturbance induced by the installation of vertical drains reduces the horizontal soil permeability and shear strength in the disturbed zone. Thus, the soil disturbance contributes to the reduced overconsolidation ratio (OCR) of the soil in the vicinity of drains, influencing soil deformation. Although a significant amount of research has been conducted on the effect of permeability variations in the smear zone, the influence of the reduced shear strength in the smear zone on the ground behavior has not been investigated. In this study, a numerical solution adopting an elastic-viscoplastic model with nonlinear creep function in combination with the consolidation equations has been developed. Moreover, the effects of shear strength variation in the disturbed zone on the time-dependent behavior of soft soil deposits improved with vertical drains and preloading have been studied. The applied elastic-viscoplastic model is based on the framework of the modified Cam-clay model, capturing soil creep during excess pore-water pressure dissipation. Furthermore, nonlinear variations of the creep coefficient with stress and time as well as the permeability variations during the consolidation process are considered. The predicted results have been compared with available field measurements. According to the results, the OCR profile of the disturbed zone influences the viscoplastic strain rate, the creep strain limit, and consequently the soil deformation.

Baba, AA, Hashmi, RM & Esselle, KP 2016, 'Wideband gain enhancement of slot antenna using superstructure with optimised axial permittivity variation', Electronics Letters, vol. 52, no. 4, pp. 266-268.
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Babaee, M & Castel, A 2016, 'Chloride-induced corrosion of reinforcement in low-calcium fly ash-based geopolymer concrete', Cement and Concrete Research, vol. 88, pp. 96-107.
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Babaee, M & Castel, A 2016, 'Steel Reinforcement Corrosion in a Low Calcium Fly Ash Geopolymer Concrete', Key Engineering Materials, vol. 711, pp. 943-949.
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Geopolymer concrete (GPC) has significant potential as a more sustainable, low-embodied carbon alternative for ordinary Portland cement concrete (PCC). However; as a rather new engineering material, there are some concerns over the durability aspects of geopolymeric binders. In this study, performance of chloride contaminated reinforced GPC specimens manufactured using low calcium fly ash is investigated by long-term monitoring of corrosion parameters such as free corrosion potential and polarization resistance. It was found that low calcium fly ash GPC can perform as well as PCC during the propagation phase of corrosion; although, some conventional reference values of corrosion parameters which are indicative of severity of the steel corrosion in PCC are not suitable for GPC. Additionally, commonly used electrochemical test methods are successfully employed to assess the degree of reinforcement corrosion in geopolymeric binders within an acceptable level of accuracy.

Ball, D, Upcroft, B, Wyeth, G, Corke, P, English, A, Ross, P, Patten, T, Fitch, R, Sukkarieh, S & Bate, A 2016, 'Vision-based Obstacle Detection and Navigation for an Agricultural Robot', JOURNAL OF FIELD ROBOTICS, vol. 33, no. 8, pp. 1107-1130.
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This paper describes a vision-based obstacle detection and navigation system for use as part of a robotic solution for the sustainable intensification of broad-acre agriculture. To be cost-effective, the robotics solution must be competitive with current human-driven farm machinery. Significant costs are in high-end localization and obstacle detection sensors. Our system demonstrates a combination of an inexpensive global positioning system and inertial navigation system with vision for localization and a single stereo vision system for obstacle detection. The paper describes the design of the robot, including detailed descriptions of three key parts of the system: novelty-based obstacle detection, visually-aided guidance, and a navigation system that generates collision-free kinematically feasible paths. The robot has seen extensive testing over numerous weeks of field trials during the day and night. The results in this paper pertain to one particular 3 h nighttime experiment in which the robot performed a coverage task and avoided obstacles. Additional results during the day demonstrate that the robot is able to continue operating during 5 min GPS outages by visually following crop rows.

Bano, M, Zowghi, D & Sarkissian, N 2016, 'Empirical study of communication structures and barriers in geographically distributed teams', IET SOFTWARE, vol. 10, no. 5, pp. 147-153.
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Conway’s law asserts that communication structures of organisations constrain the design of the products they develop. This law is more explicitly observable in geographically distributed contexts because distributed teams are required to share information across different time zones and barriers. The diverse business processes and functions adopted by individual teams in geographically distributed settings create challenges for effective communication. Since the publication of Conway’s law, a significant body of research has emerged in its relation to the communication structures. When it comes to software projects, the explicit observation about Conway’s law has produced mixed results. The research reported in this study explores the communication structures and corresponding challenges faced by teams within a large geographically distributed software development organisation. The data was collected from relevant documents, a questionnaire and interviews with relevant stakeholders. The findings suggest that Conway’s law is observable within the communication structures of globally distributed software development teams. The authors have identified the barriers and challenges of effective communications in this setting and have investigated the benefits of utilising an integrated system to overcome these challenges.

Basack, S, Indraratna, B & Rujikiatkamjorn, C 2016, 'Analysis of the Behaviour of Stone Column Stabilized Soft Ground Supporting Transport Infrastructure', Procedia Engineering, vol. 143, pp. 347-354.
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Basack, S, Indraratna, B & Rujikiatkamjorn, C 2016, 'Modeling the Performance of Stone Column–Reinforced Soft Ground under Static and Cyclic Loads', Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering, vol. 142, no. 2, pp. 04015067-04015067.
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Bastidas-Arteaga, E & Stewart, MG 2016, 'Economic assessment of climate adaptation strategies for existing reinforced concrete structures subjected to chloride-induced corrosion', Structure and Infrastructure Engineering, vol. 12, no. 4, pp. 432-449.
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Reinforced concrete (RC) structures placed in chloride-contaminated environments are subjected to deterioration processes that affect their performance, serviceability and safety. Chloride ingress leads to corrosion initiation and its interaction with service loading could reduce its operational life. Chloride ingress and corrosion propagation are highly influenced by weather conditions in the surrounding environment including climate change. Therefore, both structural design and maintenance should be adapted to these new environmental conditions. This study focuses on the assessment of the costs and benefits of climate adaptation strategies for existing RC structures subjected to chloride ingress and climate change. We studied RC structures built at different periods under different construction standards in France. The cost-effectiveness of adaptation measures was measured in terms of the benefit-to-cost ratio (BCR) and the probability that BCR exceeds unity – i.e. Pr(BCR>1). The results of the paper could provide practical advice to policy-makers to improve the management of existing RC structures under a changing climate by discussing the influence of the following factors on the mean BCR and Pr(BCR>1): specific exposure conditions, climate change scenarios, risk reduction due to the implementation of adaptation strategies, type of structural component, years of construction and adaptation, discount rates and damage costs.

Belete, GF & Voinov, A 2016, 'Exploring temporal and functional synchronization in integrating models: A sensitivity analysis', Computers & Geosciences, vol. 90, pp. 162-171.
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Belhaj, D, Athmouni, K, Jerbi, B, Kallel, M, Ayadi, H & Zhou, JL 2016, 'Estrogenic compounds in Tunisian urban sewage treatment plant: occurrence, removal and ecotoxicological impact of sewage discharge and sludge disposal', Ecotoxicology, vol. 25, no. 10, pp. 1849-1857.
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Belhaj, D, Jerbi, B, Medhioub, M, Zhou, J, Kallel, M & Ayadi, H 2016, 'Impact of treated urban wastewater for reuse in agriculture on crop response and soil ecotoxicity', Environmental Science and Pollution Research, vol. 23, no. 16, pp. 15877-15887.
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© 2015 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg The scarcity of freshwater resources is a serious problem in arid regions, such as Tunisia, and marginal quality water is gradually being used in agriculture. This study aims to study the impact of treated urban wastewater for reuse in agriculture on the health of soil and food crops. The key findings are that the effluents of Sfax wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) did not meet the relevant guidelines, therefore emitting a range of organic (e.g., up to 90 mg L−1 COD and 30 mg L−1 BOD5) and inorganic pollutants (e.g., up to 0.5 mg L−1 Cu and 0.1 mg L−1 Cd) in the receiving aquatic environments. Greenhouse experiments examining the effects of wastewater reuse on food plants such as tomato, lettuce, and radish showed that the treated effluent adversely affected plant growth, photosynthesis, and antioxidant enzyme contents. However, the pollution burden and biological effects on plants were substantially reduced by using a 50 % dilution of treated sewage effluent, suggesting the potential of reusing treated effluent in agriculture so long as appropriate monitoring and control is in place.

Bellmann, A, Schneider, S, Schallow, J, Hartung, J, Litterscheidt, J & Deuse, J 2016, 'Enhanced predictability of agile procedures', WT Werkstattstechnik, vol. 106, no. 7-8, pp. 550-554.
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In academics and industry the use of agile procedures for planning of production systems is a steady upward trend. Besides the potential efficiency improvements new challenges in the predictability of projects arise. The methodology described in this paper increases this by a synchronous collaboration model of all disciplines involved and with the establishment of standardized planning contents with standard times.

Benavides Espinosa, MDM & Merigó Lindahl, JM 2016, 'Organizational design as a learning enabler: A fuzzy-set approach', Journal of Business Research, vol. 69, no. 4, pp. 1340-1344.
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Bengua, JA, Phien, HN, Tuan, HD & Do, MN 2016, 'Efficient tensor completion for color image and video recovery: Low-rank tensor train', IEEE Transactions on Image Processing, vol. 26, no. 5, pp. 2466-2479.
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This paper proposes a novel approach to tensor completion, which recovers missing entries of data represented by tensors. The approach is based on the tensor train (TT) rank, which is able to capture hidden information from tensors thanks to its definition from a well-balanced matricization scheme. Accordingly, new optimization formulations for tensor completion are proposed as well as two new algorithms for their solution. The first one called simple low-rank tensor completion via tensor train (SiLRTC-TT) is intimately related to minimizing a nuclear norm based on TT rank. The second one is from a multilinear matrix factorization model to approximate the TT rank of a tensor, and is called tensor completion by parallel matrix factorization via tensor train (TMac-TT). A tensor augmentation scheme of transforming a low-order tensor to higher-orders is also proposed to enhance the effectiveness of SiLRTC-TT and TMac-TT. Simulation results for color image and video recovery show the clear advantage of our method over all other methods.

Bengua, JA, Phien, HN, Tuan, HD & Do, MN 2016, 'Matrix Product State for Higher-Order Tensor Compression and Classification', IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing, vol. 65, no. 15, pp. 4019-4030.
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This paper introduces matrix product state (MPS) decomposition as a new and systematic method to compress multidimensional data represented by higher-order tensors. It solves two major bottlenecks in tensor compression: computation and compression quality. Regardless of tensor order, MPS compresses tensors to matrices of moderate dimension which can be used for classification. Mainly based on a successive sequence of singular value decompositions (SVD), MPS is quite simple to implement and arrives at the global optimal matrix, bypassing local alternating optimization, which is not only computationally expensive but cannot yield the global solution. Benchmark results show that MPS can achieve better classification performance with favorable computation cost compared to other tensor compression methods.

Berean, KJ, Sivan, V, Khodasevych, I, Boes, A, Della, GE, Field, MR, Kalantar-Zadeh, K, Mitchell, A & Rosengarten, G 2016, 'Laser-Induced Dewetting for Precise Local Generation of Au Nanostructures for Tunable Solar Absorption', Advanced Optical Materials, vol. 4, no. 8, pp. 1247-1254.
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A precise and scalable method is introduced for realizing deeply subwavelength nanostructures through laser-induced dewetting. This fabrication method is used to realize a three layer planar absorber device that allows for highly tunable selective visible–IR light absorption. This large area laser dewetting method uses a 532 nm laser with a μm ranged focal spot on a translation stage allowing for fine pattern control. A range of laser powers from 60 to 130 mW is explored and it is found that three dramatically different structures, all aperiodic and random in nature are developed. An interconnected metallic nanowire network, partially connected nanowire networks, and spherical or elliptically shaped nanoparticles are observed for low, intermediate, and high laser powers, respectively. Optical absorptance spectra demonstrate a noticeable variation in response to the structures formed. A tunable absorption in the visible range is demonstrated and the partially connected nanowires show the greatest enhancement in broadband absorption compared to the other structures. Finite element simulations uncover plasmonic and magnetic resonances as the underlying mechanisms for the absorbing behavior. This high degree of control over the dewetting area makes this technique a suitable candidate for many photonic and solar applications allowing for precise engineering of the absorbing nanostructure design.

Bernabé-Rubio, M, Andrés, G, Casares-Arias, J, Fernández-Barrera, J, Rangel, L, Reglero-Real, N, Gershlick, DC, Fernández, JJ, Millán, J, Correas, I, Miguez, DG & Alonso, MA 2016, 'Novel role for the midbody in primary ciliogenesis by polarized epithelial cells', Journal of Cell Biology, vol. 214, no. 3, pp. 259-273.
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The primary cilium is a membrane protrusion that is crucial for vertebrate tissue homeostasis and development. Here, we investigated the uncharacterized process of primary ciliogenesis in polarized epithelial cells. We show that after cytokinesis, the midbody is inherited by one of the daughter cells as a remnant that initially locates peripherally at the apical surface of one of the daughter cells. The remnant then moves along the apical surface and, once proximal to the centrosome at the center of the apical surface, enables cilium formation. The physical removal of the remnant greatly impairs ciliogenesis. We developed a probabilistic cell population–based model that reproduces the experimental data. In addition, our model explains, solely in terms of cell area constraints, the various observed transitions of the midbody, the beginning of ciliogenesis, and the accumulation of ciliated cells. Our findings reveal a biological mechanism that links the three microtubule-based organelles—the midbody, the centrosome, and the cilium—in the same cellular process.

Beydoun, G & Low, G 2016, 'Centering ontologies in agent oriented software engineering processes', Complex & Intelligent Systems, vol. 2, no. 3, pp. 235-242.
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A plethora of Multi Agent Systems (MAS) development methodologies exists and all compete for prominence. This paper advocates unification of best of breed activities from these methodologies and examines two existing approaches for unifying access to them. It proposes an alternative approach that focusses on the use of domain knowledge through ontologies as offering the best potential for unifying access to them. The reliance on ontologies will provide flexibility in the process and workproducts use within the methodology. The focus on domain knowledge will reduce the number of mandatory methodological tasks and at the same time create scope for reuse with respect to both system designs and components. The paper will further sketch and argue for a full software development lifecycle for MAS where ontologies expressing domain knowledge are the central artifacts.

Bhattacharya, S, Saha, T & Hossain, MJ 2016, 'Fault contribution from large photovoltaic systems in building power supply networks', Journal of Building Engineering, vol. 5, pp. 222-230.
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Biabani, MM, Indraratna, B & Ngo, NT 2016, 'Modelling of geocell-reinforced subballast subjected to cyclic loading', Geotextiles and Geomembranes, vol. 44, no. 4, pp. 489-503.
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Biabani, MM, Indraratna, B & Nimbalkar, S 2016, 'Assessment of Interface Shear Behaviour of Sub-ballast with Geosynthetics by Large-scale Direct Shear Test', Procedia Engineering, vol. 143, pp. 1007-1015.
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© 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.A series of large-scale direct shear test were conducted to study the interface shear strength of subballast reinforced with different types of geomembranes and geogrids. The impact of normal stress (σn), shearing rate (SR), relative density (DR) and open area (OA%) on the behaviour of granular material was investigated in unreinforced and reinforced condition. The results revealed that the performance of material was markedly influenced by σn and OA. The results also showed that geogrids provided a greater value of passive resistance owing to have transverse ribs, but the mobilised passive resistance became smaller with increase in OA. The triaxial grids offered more passive resistance than biaxial geogrid.

Biabani, MM, Ngo, NT & Indraratna, B 2016, 'Performance evaluation of railway subballast stabilised with geocell based on pull-out testing', Geotextiles and Geomembranes, vol. 44, no. 4, pp. 579-591.
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Bidram, E, Sulistio, A, Amini, A, Fu, Q, Qiao, GG, Stewart, A & Dunstan, DE 2016, 'Fractionation of graphene oxide single nano-sheets in water-glycerol solutions using gradient centrifugation', Carbon, vol. 103, pp. 363-371.
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Binci, L, Tu, C, Zhu, H & Lee, JE-Y 2016, 'Planar ring-shaped phononic crystal anchoring boundaries for enhancing the quality factor of Lamb mode resonators', Applied Physics Letters, vol. 109, no. 20.
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We report the use of planar ring-shaped phononic crystals (PnCs) as anchor boundaries of very-high-frequency band piezoelectric-on-silicon Lamb mode resonators for the purpose of enhancing their quality factor (Q). Here, we exploit the acoustic bandgap associated with the PnC anchoring boundaries to reduce acoustic energy leakage out of the micromechanical resonator. The proposed approach provides greater mechanical robustness (by merit of interlocking the cells in a matrix) and the possibility of electrical routing through the PnC cells. We experimentally show enhancements in Q by a factor of three using the proposed approach of hybridizing planar ring-shaped PnCs with micromechanical resonators. The effect of these PnCs on resonator Q is further corroborated by their effects in suppressing transmission when incorporated into a delay line.

Blanco-Mesa, F, Merigó, JM & Kacprzyk, J 2016, 'Bonferroni means with distance measures and the adequacy coefficient in entrepreneurial group theory', Knowledge-Based Systems, vol. 111, pp. 217-227.
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© 2016 The aim of the paper is to develop new aggregation operators using Bonferroni means, OWA operators and some distance measure. We introduce the BON-OWAAC and BON-OWAIMAM operators. We are able to include coefficient adequacy and the maximum and minimum levels in the same formulation with Bonferroni means and an OWA operator. The main advantages of using these operators are that they allow consideration of continuous aggregations, multiple comparisons between each argument and distance measures in the same formulation. An application is developed using these new algorithms in combination with Moore's families and Galois lattices to solve group decision-making problems. The professional and personal interests of the entrepreneurs who share co-working spaces are taken as an example for establishing relationships and groups. According to the professional and personal profile affinities for each entrepreneur, the results show dissimilarity and fuzzy relationships and the maximum similarity sub-relations to establish relationships and groups using Moore's families and Galois lattice. Finally, this new type of distance family can be used for applications in areas such as sports teams, strategy marketing and teamwork.

Bliuc, D, Tran, T, Alarkawi, D, Nguyen, TV, Eisman, JA & Center, JR 2016, 'Secular Changes in Postfracture Outcomes Over 2 Decades in Australia: A Time-Trend Comparison of Excess Postfracture Mortality in Two Birth Controls Over Two Decades', The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, vol. 101, no. 6, pp. 2475-2483.
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Abstract Context: Hip fracture incidence has been declining and life expectancy improving. However, trends of postfracture outcomes are unknown. Objectives: The objective of the study was to compare the refracture risk and excess mortality after osteoporotic fracture between two birth cohorts, over 2 decades. Design: Prospective birth cohorts were followed up over 2 decades (1989–2004 and 2000–2014). Setting: The study was conducted in community-dwelling participants in Dubbo, Australia. Participants: Women and men aged 60–80 years, participating in Dubbo Osteoporosis Epidemiology Study 1 (DOES 1; born before 1930) and Dubbo Osteoporosis Epidemiology Study 2 (DOES 2; born after 1930) participated in the study. Main Outcome Measure: Age-standardized fracture and mortality over two time intervals: (1989–2004 [DOES 1] and 2000–2014 [DOES 2]) were measured. Results: The DOES 2 cohort had higher body mass index and bone mineral density and lower initial fracture rate than DOES 1, but similar refracture rates [age-standardized refracture rates per 1000 person-years: women: 53 (95%...

Blount, Y, Abedin, B, Vatanasakdakul, S & Erfani, S 2016, 'Integrating enterprise resource planning (SAP) in the accounting curriculum: a systematic literature review and case study', Accounting Education, vol. 25, no. 2, pp. 185-202.
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This study investigates how an enterprise resource planning (ERP) software package SAP was integrated into the curriculum of an accounting information systems (AIS) course in an Australian university. Furthermore, the paper provides a systematic literature review of articles published between 1990 and 2013 to understand how ERP systems were integrated into curriculums of other institutions, and to inform the curriculum designers on approaches for adopting SAP, the benefits and potential limitations. The experiences of integrating SAP into an AIS course from both the students and teaching staff perspectives are described and evaluated. The main finding was the importance of resourcing the instructors with technical and pedagogical support to achieve the learning outcomes. The paper concludes by proposing critical success factors for integrating ERP effectively into an AIS course.

Botezatu, L, Michel, LC, Makishima, H, Schroeder, T, Germing, U, Haas, R, van der Reijden, B, Marneth, AE, Bergevoet, SM, Jansen, JH, Przychodzen, B, Wlodarski, M, Niemeyer, C, Platzbecker, U, Ehninger, G, Unnikrishnan, A, Beck, D, Pimanda, J, Hellström-Lindberg, E, Malcovati, L, Boultwood, J, Pellagatti, A, Papaemmanuil, E, Le Coutre, P, Kaeda, J, Opalka, B, Möröy, T, Dührsen, U, Maciejewski, J & Khandanpour, C 2016, 'GFI136N as a therapeutic and prognostic marker for myelodysplastic syndrome', Experimental Hematology, vol. 44, no. 7, pp. 590-595.e1.
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Bovand, M, Rashidi, S, Esfahani, JA, Saha, SC, Gu, YT & Dehesht, M 2016, 'Control of flow around a circular cylinder wrapped with a porous layer by magnetohydrodynamic', Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials, vol. 401, pp. 1078-1087.
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Bremner, MJ, Montanaro, A & Shepherd, DJ 2016, 'Achieving quantum supremacy with sparse and noisy commuting quantum computations', Quantum, vol. 1, pp. 8-8.
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The class of commuting quantum circuits known as IQP (instantaneous quantum polynomial-time) has been shown to be hard to simulate classically, assuming certain complexity-theoretic conjectures. Here we study the power of IQP circuits in the presence of physically motivated constraints. First, we show that there is a family of sparse IQP circuits that can be implemented on a square lattice of n qubits in depth O(sqrt(n) log n), and which is likely hard to simulate classically. Next, we show that, if an arbitrarily small constant amount of noise is applied to each qubit at the end of any IQP circuit whose output probability distribution is sufficiently anticoncentrated, there is a polynomial-time classical algorithm that simulates sampling from the resulting distribution, up to constant accuracy in total variation distance. However, we show that purely classical error-correction techniques can be used to design IQP circuits which remain hard to simulate classically, even in the presence of arbitrary amounts of noise of this form. These results demonstrate the challenges faced by experiments designed to demonstrate quantum supremacy over classical computation, and how these challenges can be overcome.

Bremner, MJ, Montanaro, A & Shepherd, DJ 2016, 'Average-Case Complexity Versus Approximate Simulation of Commuting Quantum Computations', PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS, vol. 117, no. 8.
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Brown, RBK, Beydoun, G, Low, G, Tibben, W, Zamani, R, Garcia-Sanchez, F & Martinez-Bejar, R 2016, 'Computationally efficient ontology selection in software requirement planning', INFORMATION SYSTEMS FRONTIERS, vol. 18, no. 2, pp. 349-358.
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Bui, HM, Lech, M, Cheng, E, Neville, K & Burnett, IS 2016, 'Object Recognition Using Deep Convolutional Features Transformed by a Recursive Network Structure', IEEE Access, vol. 4, pp. 10059-10066.
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Deep neural networks (DNNs) trained on large data sets have been shown to be able to capture high-quality features describing image data. Numerous studies have proposed various ways to transfer DNN structures trained on large data sets to perform classification tasks represented by relatively small data sets. Due to the limitations of these proposals, it is not well known how to effectively adapt the pre-trained model into the new task. Typically, the transfer process uses a combination of fine-tuning and training of adaptation layers; however, both tasks are susceptible to problems with data shortage and high computational complexity. This paper proposes an improvement to the well-known AlexNet feature extraction technique. The proposed approach applies a recursive neural network structure on features extracted by a deep convolutional neural network pre-trained on a large data set. Object recognition experiments conducted on the Washington RGBD image data set have shown that the proposed method has the advantages of structural simplicity combined with the ability to provide higher recognition accuracy at a low computational cost compared with other relevant methods. The new approach requires no training at the feature extraction phase, and can be performed very efficiently as the output features are compact and highly discriminative, and can be used with a simple classifier in object recognition settings

Bui, XT, Vo, TPT, Ngo, HH, Guo, WS & Nguyen, TT 2016, 'Multicriteria assessment of advanced treatment technologies for micropollutants removal at large-scale applications', Science of the Total Environment, vol. 563-564, pp. 1050-1067.
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© 2016 Elsevier B.V. With the introduction and discharge of thousands of new micropollutants (MPs) every year, traditional water and wastewater treatment plants may be incapable of tackling them all. With their low concentrations and diversity in nature, MP removal encounters numerous challenges. Although some MPs are effectively eliminated via conventional treatment methods, most of them can easily escape and are retained in the discharged effluent. Therefore, advanced methods such as (i) adsorption, (ii) oxidation and advanced oxidation processes (O3 and O3-based advanced oxidation processes, UV/H2O2), (iii) membrane processes, and (iv) membrane bioreactors, become an inevitable approach. Despite the unsurprisingly vast number of papers on MP treatment available at present, most of these studies were carried out at a laboratory scale while only a few pilot- and full-scale studies have experimented. Nevertheless, an in-depth assessment of real-world MP treatment methods is extremely crucial for practitioners. To date, no paper has been dedicated to look at this issue. Therefore, this paper aims to review these large-scale treatment methods. First, the paper goes through the regulations and standards which deal with MPs in water courses. It will then assess these methods in various case-studies with reference to different criteria towards serving as a reference for further practical applications.

Burdon, S, Kang, K & Mooney, G 2016, 'Understanding The Key Attributes for a Successful Innovation Culture', International Journal of Enterprise Information Systems, vol. 12, no. 4, pp. 70-82.
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This paper presents the results and findings of a research project on innovation culture in Australian information technology sector organisations. The primary objective of this study was to establish the determinants of a successful enterprise innovation culture in organisations with a strong industry reputation for radical innovation initiatives. The authors obtained 244 responses from 102 member organisations of the Australian Information Industry Association (AIIA). The survey explored the internal and external characteristics of a successful innovative organisation. Both employees' and competitors' perspectives on “what makes a particular organisation a successful innovator” were the main focus. The authors' findings indicated that the absence of a successful innovation culture is a serious impediment to growth and success. However, preferences for the key innovation culture attributes varied significantly by executive functions, size of the organization and type of ownership structure. Thus, a mix of key innovation attributes should be deployed and tailored to each organisation, based on their industry and strategic objectives.

Burton, GJ, Pineda, JA, Sheng, D, Airey, DW & Zhang, F 2016, 'Exploring one-dimensional compression of compacted clay under constant degree of saturation paths', Géotechnique, vol. 66, no. 5, pp. 435-440.
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This note presents a novel approach for controlling the degree of saturation during one-dimensional compression of unsaturated soils. This technique offers a simple and versatile way to study the hydro-mechanical response of unsaturated soils as well as the unsaturated–saturated soil transition. By using a multi-stage approach, the same specimen can be used to evaluate the compressibility of unsaturated specimens at different degrees of saturation, which may reduce the long testing periods commonly required for unsaturated soil testing. The experimental results described in this paper show that the proposed technique is capable of controlling the degree of saturation within reasonable limits and provides an interesting approach to analyse the coupled hydraulic and mechanical behaviour of unsaturated soils.

Cannon, D, Buys, N, Sriram, KB, Sharma, S, Morris, N & Sun, J 2016, 'The effects of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease self-management interventions on improvement of quality of life in COPD patients: A meta-analysis', Respiratory Medicine, vol. 121, pp. 81-90.
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Cao, L 2016, 'Data science and analytics: a new era', International Journal of Data Science and Analytics, vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 1-2.
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Cao, L, Dong, X & Zheng, Z 2016, 'e-NSP: Efficient negative sequential pattern mining', Artificial Intelligence, vol. 235, pp. 156-182.
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© 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. As an important tool for behavior informatics, negative sequential patterns (NSP) (such as missing medical treatments) are critical and sometimes much more informative than positive sequential patterns (PSP) (e.g. using a medical service) in many intelligent systems and applications such as intelligent transport systems, healthcare and risk management, as they often involve non-occurring but interesting behaviors. However, discovering NSP is much more difficult than identifying PSP due to the significant problem complexity caused by non-occurring elements, high computational cost and huge search space in calculating negative sequential candidates (NSC). So far, the problem has not been formalized well, and very few approaches have been proposed to mine for specific types of NSP, which rely on database re-scans after identifying PSP in order to calculate the NSC supports. This has been shown to be very inefficient or even impractical, since the NSC search space is usually huge. This paper proposes a very innovative and efficient theoretical framework: Set theory-based NSP mining (ST-NSP), and a corresponding algorithm, e-NSP, to efficiently identify NSP by involving only the identified PSP, without re-scanning the database. Accordingly, negative containment is first defined to determine whether a data sequence contains a negative sequence based on set theory. Second, an efficient approach is proposed to convert the negative containment problem to a positive containment problem. The NSC supports are then calculated based only on the corresponding PSP. This not only avoids the need for additional database scans, but also enables the use of existing PSP mining algorithms to mine for NSP. Finally, a simple but efficient strategy is proposed to generate NSC. Theoretical analyses show that e-NSP performs particularly well on datasets with a small number of elements in a sequence, a large number of itemsets and low minimum s...

Cao, Y, Wen, S, Chen, MZQ, Huang, T & Zeng, Z 2016, 'New results on anti-synchronization of switched neural networks with time-varying delays and lag signals', Neural Networks, vol. 81, pp. 52-58.
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Cao, Y, Zeng, Z, Huang, T & Wen, S 2016, 'New Criteria of Robust $$H_\infty $$ H ∞ Stability for Fuzzy Mixed-Delay Systems with Nonlinear Noise Disturbances', Circuits, Systems, and Signal Processing, vol. 35, no. 8, pp. 2810-2831.
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Cao, Z, Lin, CT, Chuang, CH, Lai, KL, Yang, AC, Fuh, JL & Wang, SJ 2016, 'Resting-state EEG power and coherence vary between migraine phases', Journal of Headache and Pain, vol. 17, no. 1.
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© 2016, The Author(s). Background: Migraine is characterized by a series of phases (inter-ictal, pre-ictal, ictal, and post-ictal). It is of great interest whether resting-state electroencephalography (EEG) is differentiable between these phases. Methods: We compared resting-state EEG energy intensity and effective connectivity in different migraine phases using EEG power and coherence analyses in patients with migraine without aura as compared with healthy controls (HCs). EEG power and isolated effective coherence of delta (1–3.5 Hz), theta (4–7.5 Hz), alpha (8–12.5 Hz), and beta (13–30 Hz) bands were calculated in the frontal, central, temporal, parietal, and occipital regions. Results: Fifty patients with episodic migraine (1–5 headache days/month) and 20 HCs completed the study. Patients were classified into inter-ictal, pre-ictal, ictal, and post-ictal phases (n = 22, 12, 8, 8, respectively), using 36-h criteria. Compared to HCs, inter-ictal and ictal patients, but not pre- or post-ictal patients, had lower EEG power and coherence, except for a higher effective connectivity in fronto-occipital network in inter-ictal patients (p <.05). Compared to data obtained from the inter-ictal group, EEG power and coherence were increased in the pre-ictal group, with the exception of a lower effective connectivity in fronto-occipital network (p <.05). Inter-ictal and ictal patients had decreased EEG power and coherence relative to HCs, which were “normalized” in the pre-ictal or post-ictal groups. Conclusion: Resting-state EEG power density and effective connectivity differ between migraine phases and provide an insight into the complex neurophysiology of migraine.

Carrion Gordon, L & Lopez, LM 2016, 'Preservation Model to Process 'La Bomba Del Chota' as a Living Cultural Heritage', International Journal of Information and Communication Engineering, vol. Vol:2, No:11, 2015.

Carrion Gordon, L & Sanchez, J 2016, 'Architectural Framework to Preserve Information of Cardiac Valve Control', International Journal of Information and Communication Engineering, vol. Vol:2, No:11, 2015.
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Carter, DR, Sutton, SK, Pajic, M, Murray, J, Sekyere, EO, Fletcher, J, Beckers, A, De Preter, K, Speleman, F, George, RE, Haber, M, Norris, MD, Cheung, BB & Marshall, GM 2016, 'Glutathione biosynthesis is upregulated at the initiation of MYCN‐driven neuroblastoma tumorigenesis', Molecular Oncology, vol. 10, no. 6, pp. 866-878.
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The MYCN gene is amplified and overexpressed in a large proportion of high stage neuroblastoma patients and has been identified as a key driver of tumorigenesis. However, the mechanism by which MYCN promotes tumor initiation is poorly understood. Here we conducted metabolic profiling of pre‐malignant sympathetic ganglia and tumors derived from the TH‐MYCN mouse model of neuroblastoma, compared to non‐malignant ganglia from wildtype littermates. We found that metabolites involved in the biosynthesis of glutathione, the most abundant cellular antioxidant, were the most significantly upregulated metabolic pathway at tumor initiation, and progressively increased to meet the demands of tumorigenesis. A corresponding increase in the expression of genes involved in ribosomal biogenesis suggested that MYCN‐driven transactivation of the protein biosynthetic machinery generated the necessary substrates to drive glutathione biosynthesis. Pre‐malignant sympathetic ganglia from TH‐MYCN mice had higher antioxidant capacity and required glutathione upregulation for cell survival, when compared to wildtype ganglia. Moreover, in vivo administration of inhibitors of glutathione biosynthesis significantly delayed tumorigenesis when administered prophylactically and potentiated the anticancer activity of cytotoxic chemotherapy against established tumors. Together these results identify enhanced glutathione biosynthesis as a selective metabolic adaptation required for initiation of MYCN‐driven neuroblastoma, and suggest that glutathione‐targeted agents may be used as a potential preventative strategy, or as an adjuvant to existing chemotherapies in established disease.

Casanovas, M, Torres-Martínez, A & Merigó, JM 2016, 'Decision Making in Reinsurance with Induced OWA Operators and Minkowski Distances', Cybernetics and Systems, vol. 47, no. 6, pp. 460-477.
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Castel, A & Turatsinze, A 2016, 'Discussion of the paper titled “Evaluation of the predictive ability of the in situ concrete strength through core drilling and its effects on the capacity of the RC columns by M. Vona and D. Nigro”', Materials and Structures, vol. 49, no. 4, pp. 1569-1571.
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Castel, A, Foster, SJ, Ng, T, Sanjayan, JG & Gilbert, RI 2016, 'Creep and drying shrinkage of a blended slag and low calcium fly ash geopolymer Concrete', Materials and Structures, vol. 49, no. 5, pp. 1619-1628.
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Abstract The main purpose of this research is to study the time dependent behaviour of a geopolymer concrete. The geopolymer binder is composed of 85.2 % of low calcium fly ash and only 14.8 % of ground granulated blast furnace slag. Both drying shrinkage and creep are studied. In addition, different curing conditions at elevated temperature were used. All experimental results were compared to predictions made using the Eurocode 2. The curing regime plays an important role in the magnitude and development of both creep and drying shrinkage of class F fly ash based geopolymer concrete. A minimum of 3 days at 40 °C or 1 day at 80 °C is required to obtain final drying shrinkage strains similar to or less than those adopted by Eurocode 2 for ordinary Portland cement (OPC) concrete. Creep strains were similar or less than those predicted by Eurocode 2 for OPC concrete when the geopolymer concrete was cured for 3 days at 40 °C. After 7 days at 80 °C, creep strains became negligible.

Castel, A, Khan, I, François, R & Gilbert, RI 2016, 'Modeling Steel Concrete Bond Strength Reduction Due to Corrosion', ACI Structural Journal, vol. 113, no. 5, pp. 973-982.
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Catchpoole, D 2016, ''Biohoarding': treasures not seen, stories not told.', J Health Serv Res Policy, vol. 21, no. 2, pp. 140-142.
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This article raises the concern that biobanks are failing to realize the expected research and health service outcomes. Rather than biobanking, we have been engaging in 'biohoarding', where building a quantifiable collection of tissue samples is the primary basis of the bio-resource. The root cause of 'biohoarding' is an ideological and motivational confusion as to the purpose for collecting the tissue in the first place. We have lost sight of the knowledge gain that biobanks should generate. The obligation to prevent 'biohoarding' lies not with researchers, funders or managers but with policy makers.

Cawley, A, Pasin, D, Ganbat, N, Ennis, L, Smart, C, Greer, C, Keledjian, J, Fu, S & Chen, A 2016, 'The potential for complementary targeted/non-targeted screening of novel psychoactive substances in equine urine using liquid chromatography-high resolution accurate mass spectrometry', Analytical Methods, vol. 8, no. 8, pp. 1789-1797.
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The use of LC-HRAM spectrometry to identify ‘unknown’ compounds by non-targeted screening provides a potential advantage for forensic toxicology.

Cecez-Kecmanovic, D & Marjanovic, O 2016, 'Ethical Implications of IT-enabled Information Flows Conceived as Intermediaries or Mediators.', CoRR, vol. abs/1606.03506.
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This paper contributes to a better understanding of ethical concerns regarding the deployment of complex public sector IT systems and the information flows they instigate. The paper aims to reveal how different views on IT and IT-enabled information flows allow us to see differently their social implications and to construe different ethical questions. This is achieved by i) defining two opposing views on IT-enabled information flows as ‘intermediaries’ and ‘mediators’; ii) by analysing the controversial case of My School – a web portal that provides performance data of 9,500 Australian schools – that introduces new information flows in the education sector; and iii) by revealing and explaining how some unintended negative social implications emerge and how the articulation of ethical concerns depends on the view on My School-enabled information flows. The paper concludes with theoretical and practical implications, with particular emphasis on responsibilities of all involved, setting up foundations for an important area of future IS research.

Cetindamar, D, Phaal, R & Probert, DR 2016, 'Technology management as a profession and the challenges ahead', Journal of Engineering and Technology Management, vol. 41, pp. 1-13.
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Chaczko, Z, Suleman Slehat, S & Salmon, A 2016, 'Application of Predictive Analytics in Telecommunications Project Management', Journal of Networks, vol. 10, no. 10, pp. 551-566.
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This paper addresses a prevalent issue in technologybased industries of underperforming or even totally failing projects. There is strong evidence that a major influencing factor to the situation is the incorrect assumption about availability of effective technology that can assist management in project planning. The aim of the paper is to demonstrate and discuss effective approaches for using Predictive Analytics methods and tools in the Telecommunications industry to mitigate project planning issues and avoid possible project failures. Although, these methods and tools are not new, as the traditional statistical models form the core of the application, however, the novelty stems from the new processes and methods used by these tools for presentation and workflow. This change in the approach allowes to lower the usage barrier by providing an access to a wider community of end-users. Thanks to embeding a formalised approach into the workflow, users are guided through complex analytical processes more easily, thus allowing less technically advanced users to draw valuable conclusions without necessarily requiring a formal training in advanced statistical methods. Discussed case studies demonstrate suitability of Predictive Analytics as a powerful and highly accessible tool for project planning in the telecommunications domain.

Chakraborty, S, Mengersen, K, Fidge, C, Ma, L & Lassen, D 2016, 'A Bayesian Network-based customer satisfaction model: a tool for management decisions in railway transport', Decision Analytics, vol. 3, no. 1.
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Chakraborty, S, Milner, LE, Zhu, X, Hall, LT, Sevimli, O & Heimlich, MC 2016, 'A $K$ -Band Frequency Doubler With 35-dB Fundamental Rejection Based on Novel Transformer Balun in 0.13- $\mu \text{m}$ SiGe Technology', IEEE Electron Device Letters, vol. 37, no. 11, pp. 1375-1378.
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A compact balanced frequency doubler with more than 35 dB odd-harmonic rejection and fractional bandwidth of 73% is presented in this letter. Wide bandwidth and high odd-harmonic suppression is achieved by adopting a new technique for the transformer balun design, resulting in a very low magnitude imbalance of 0.13 dB and a phase imbalance of 0.4° over 7-15 GHz. The balun performance is improved by offsetting the radius of the primary and secondary coils, which reduces the parasitic coupling capacitance. The input and output frequency ranges for the doubler are 7-15 GHz and 14-30 GHz respectively. The circuit was fabricated in 0.13-μm SiGe technology. The chip size is 0.6 mm × 0.4 mm.

Chakraborty, S, Yang, Y, Zhu, X, Sevimli, O, Xue, Q, Esselle, K & Heimlich, M 2016, 'A broadside-coupled meander-line resonator in 0.13-μm SiGe technology for millimeter-wave application', IEEE Electron Device Letters, vol. 37, no. 3, pp. 329-332.
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© 2016 IEEE. An on-chip resonator is designed and fabricated using a standard 0.13- μ m SiGe technology for millimeter-wave applications. The designed resonator is based on a unique structure, which consists of two broadside-coupled meander lines with opposite orientation. The equivalent LC circuit of the resonator is given, while the impact of the structure on the resonance frequencies is investigated. Using this structure along with capacitors, a compact bandpass filter (BPF) is also designed and fabricated. The measured results show that the resonator can generate a resonance at 57 GHz with the attenuation better than 13.7 dB, while the BPF has a center frequency at 31 GHz and a insertion loss of 2.4 dB. The chip size of both the resonator and the BPF, excluding the pads, is only 0.024 mm2 ( 0.09× 0.27 mm2.

Chan, B, Guan, H, Hou, L, Jo, J, Blumenstein, M & Wang, J 2016, 'Defining a conceptual framework for the integration of modelling and advanced imaging for improving the reliability and efficiency of bridge assessments', Journal of Civil Structural Health Monitoring, vol. 6, no. 4, pp. 703-714.
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© 2016, Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg. Current bridge inspection practices are typically predicated upon manual paper-based data collection methods, which significantly limit the ability to transfer knowledge gained throughout the lifecycle of the asset, to benefit the assessment of the inspector or engineer. This study aims to overcome the limitations of current practices and proposes a conceptual framework to improve the reliability and efficiency of current bridge asset management practices through the integration of Building Information Modeling (BIM) and advanced computing and imaging technologies. As a tool for bridge inspections, BIM offers significant potential when integrated with laser scanning and keypoint-based texture recognition, which allows for the detection of such defects as cracking, corrosion or settlement in bridge components. In recent years, the construction industry has seen an increased use of BIM technology on-site to aid the construction process. However, the applications of it are deficient through the asset management phases of a project. Given the ability of BIM to house all component specific information gathered from the construction, inspection and maintenance phases, BIM is envisioned to allow emphasis to be placed on retrieving the relevant information throughout the project lifecycle, ultimately enabling engineers and bridge inspectors to make more informed decisions about the current condition of the structure. Using BIM as the focal point for information collection throughout the project lifecycle, findings from advanced imaging and data processing are proposed to be stored within the model for recall at future bridge assessments.

Chan, HN, Ding, E, Kedziora, DJ, Grimshaw, R & Chow, KW 2016, 'Rogue waves for a long wave–short wave resonance model with multiple short waves', Nonlinear Dynamics, vol. 85, no. 4, pp. 2827-2841.
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Chan, KY & Ling, SH 2016, 'A forward selection based fuzzy regression for new product development that correlates engineering characteristics with consumer preferences', JOURNAL OF INTELLIGENT & FUZZY SYSTEMS, vol. 30, no. 3, pp. 1869-1880.
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Chandrakanthan, V, Yeola, A, Kwan, JC, Oliver, RA, Qiao, Q, Kang, YC, Zarzour, P, Beck, D, Boelen, L, Unnikrishnan, A, Villanueva, JE, Nunez, AC, Knezevic, K, Palu, C, Nasrallah, R, Carnell, M, Macmillan, A, Whan, R, Yu, Y, Hardy, P, Grey, ST, Gladbach, A, Delerue, F, Ittner, L, Mobbs, R, Walkley, CR, Purton, LE, Ward, RL, Wong, JWH, Hesson, LB, Walsh, W & Pimanda, JE 2016, 'PDGF-AB and 5-Azacytidine induce conversion of somatic cells into tissue-regenerative multipotent stem cells', PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, vol. 113, no. 16, pp. E2306-E2315.
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Chang, X, Nie, F, Yang, Y, Zhang, C & Huang, H 2016, 'Convex sparse PCA for unsupervised feature learning', ACM Transactions on Knowledge Discovery from Data, vol. 11, no. 1, pp. 1-16.
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© 2016 ACM. Principal component analysis (PCA) has been widely applied to dimensionality reduction and data preprocessing for different applications in engineering, biology, social science, and the like. Classical PCA and its variants seek for linear projections of the original variables to obtain the low-dimensional feature representations with maximal variance. One limitation is that it is difficult to interpret the results of PCA. Besides, the classical PCA is vulnerable to certain noisy data. In this paper, we propose a Convex Sparse Principal Component Analysis (CSPCA) algorithm and apply it to feature learning. First, we show that PCA can be formulated as a low-rank regression optimization problem. Based on the discussion, the l2,1-norm minimization is incorporated into the objective function to make the regression coefficients sparse, thereby robust to the outliers. Also, based on the sparse model used in CSPCA, an optimal weight is assigned to each of the original feature, which in turn provides the output with good interpretability. With the output of our CSPCA, we can effectively analyze the importance of each feature under the PCA criteria. Our new objective function is convex, and we propose an iterative algorithm to optimize it. We apply the CSPCA algorithm to feature selection and conduct extensive experiments on seven benchmark datasets. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm outperforms state-of-the-art unsupervised feature selection algorithms.

Chapman, RJ, Ferrie, C & Peruzzo, A 2016, 'Experimental Demonstration of Self-Guided Quantum Tomography', Physical Review Letters, vol. 117, no. 4.
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Chaturvedi, I, Ong, Y-S, Tsang, IW, Welsch, RE & Cambria, E 2016, 'Learning word dependencies in text by means of a deep recurrent belief network', Knowledge-Based Systems, vol. 108, pp. 144-154.
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We propose a deep recurrent belief network with distributed time delays for learning multivariate Gaussians. Learning long time delays in deep belief networks is difficult due to the problem of vanishing or exploding gradients with increase in delay. To mitigate this problem and improve the transparency of learning time-delays, we introduce the use of Gaussian networks with time-delays to initialize the weights of each hidden neuron. From our knowledge of time delays, it is possible to learn the long delays from short delays in a hierarchical manner. In contrast to previous works, here dynamic Gaussian Bayesian networks over training samples are evolved using Markov Chain Monte Carlo to determine the initial weights of each hidden layer of neurons. In this way, the time-delayed network motifs of increasing Markov order across layers can be modeled hierarchically using a deep model. To validate the proposed Variable-order Belief Network (VBN) framework, it is applied for modeling word dependencies in text. To explore the generality of VBN, it is further considered for a real-world scenario where the dynamic movements of basketball players are modeled. Experimental results obtained showed that the proposed VBN could achieve over 30% improvement in accuracy on real-world scenarios compared to the state-of-the-art baseline

Chaudhuri, PK, Ebrahimi Warkiani, M, Jing, T, Kenry, K & Lim, CT 2016, 'Microfluidics for research and applications in oncology', The Analyst, vol. 141, no. 2, pp. 504-524.
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Cancer is currently one of the top non-communicable human diseases, and continual research and developmental efforts, particularly in microfluidics technology, are being made to better understand and manage this disease.

Chaves, IA, Melchers, RE, Peng, L & Stewart, MG 2016, 'Probabilistic remaining life estimation for deteriorating steel marine infrastructure under global warming and nutrient pollution', Ocean Engineering, vol. 126, pp. 129-137.
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The longer-term serviceability and structural safety of steel infrastructure exposed to seawater conditions may be affected by global warming and by seawater nutrient pollution. These may affect abiotic and biotic (microbial) corrosion. A model for long-term corrosion is developed from data obtained from steel piling exposed for 33 years in a seawater harbour. The effects on corrosion losses on the structural reliability of steel sheet piling as used in harbours world-wide were investigated as a function of seawater temperature rise from global warming and of seawater nutrient pollution. The results show that structural reliability is more sensitive to likely nutrient pollution than to predicted increases in seawater temperature, noting also that global warming also could increase nutrient pollution from anthropological sources.

Chehreh Chelgani, S, Matin, SS & Hower, JC 2016, 'Explaining relationships between coke quality index and coal properties by Random Forest method', Fuel, vol. 182, pp. 754-760.
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Chehreh Chelgani, S, Matin, SS & Makaremi, S 2016, 'Modeling of free swelling index based on variable importance measurements of parent coal properties by random forest method', Measurement, vol. 94, pp. 416-422.
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Chekli, L, Bayatsarmadi, B, Sekine, R, Sarkar, B, Shen, AM, Scheckel, KG, Skinner, W, Naidu, R, Shon, HK, Lombi, E & Donner, E 2016, 'Analytical characterisation of nanoscale zero-valent iron: A methodological review', ANALYTICA CHIMICA ACTA, vol. 903, pp. 13-35.
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Chekli, L, Brunetti, G, Marzouk, ER, Maoz-Shen, A, Smith, E, Naidu, R, Shon, HK, Lombi, E & Donner, E 2016, 'Evaluating the mobility of polymer-stabilised zero-valent iron nanoparticles and their potential to co-transport contaminants in intact soil cores', ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION, vol. 216, pp. 636-645.
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Chekli, L, Phuntsho, S, Kim, JE, Kim, J, Choi, JY, Choi, J-S, Kim, S, Kim, JH, Hong, S, Sohn, J & Shon, HK 2016, 'A comprehensive review of hybrid forward osmosis systems: Performance, applications and future prospects', JOURNAL OF MEMBRANE SCIENCE, vol. 497, no. 1, pp. 430-449.
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Forward osmosis (FO) has been increasingly studied in the past decade for its potential as an emerging low-energy water and wastewater treatment process. However, the term “low-energy” may only be suitable for those applications in where no further treatment of the draw solution (DS) is required either in the form of pretreatment or post-treatment to the FO process (e.g. where the diluted DS is the targeted final product which can be used directly or simply discarded). In most applications, FO has to be coupled with another separation process in a so-called hybrid FO system to either separate the DS from the final product water or to be used as an advanced pre-treatment process to conventional desalination technologies. The additional process increases the capital cost as well as the energy demand of the overall system which is one of the several challenges that hybrid FO systems need to overcome to compete with other separation technologies. Yet, there are some applications where hybrid FO systems can outperform conventional processes and this study aims to provide a comprehensive review on the current state of hybrid FO systems. The recent development and performance of hybrid FO systems in different applications have been reported. This review also highlights the future research directions for the current hybrid FO systems to achieve successful implementation.

Chen, C, Guo, W & Ngo, HH 2016, 'Advances in Granular Growth Anaerobic Membrane Bioreactor (G-AnMBR) for Low Strength Wastewater Treatment', Journal of Energy and Environmental Sustainability, vol. 1, pp. 77-83.
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Chen, C, Guo, W, Ngo, HH, Lee, D-J, Tung, K-L, Jin, P, Wang, J & Wu, Y 2016, 'Challenges in biogas production from anaerobic membrane bioreactors', Renewable Energy, vol. 98, pp. 120-134.
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© 2016. Spectacular applications of anaerobic membrane bioreactors (AnMBRs) are emerging due to the membrane enhanced biogas production in the form of renewable bioresources. They produce similar energy derived from the world's depleting natural fossil energy sources while minimizing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. During the last decade, many types of AnMBRs have been developed and applied so as to make biogas technology practical and economically viable. Referring to both conventional and advanced configurations, this review presents a comprehensive summary of AnMBRs for biogas production in recent years. The potential of biogas production from AnMBRs cannot be fully exploited, since certain constraints still remain and these cause low methane yield. This paper addresses a detailed assessment on the potential challenges that AnMBRs are encountering, with a major focus on many inhibitory substances and operational dilemmas. The aim is to provide a solid platform for advances in novel AnMBRs applications for optimized biogas production.

Chen, F, Sun, J, Wang, Y, Khawaja, MA, Li, Z & Zhou, J 2016, 'Making machine learning useable by revealing internal states update - a transparent approach', International Journal of Computational Science and Engineering, vol. 13, no. 4, pp. 378-378.
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Chen, G, Deng, Y, He, X, Wang, Y & Zhang, J 2016, 'Zero‐voltage‐switching buck converter with low‐voltage stress using coupled inductor', IET Power Electronics, vol. 9, no. 4, pp. 719-727.
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Chen, G, Wang, Z, Li, X-M, Song, J, Zhao, B, Phuntsho, S, Shon, HK & He, T 2016, 'Concentrating underground brine by FO process: Influence of membrane types and spacer on membrane scaling', Chemical Engineering Journal, vol. 285, pp. 92-100.
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Chen, H, Liu, Y, Ni, BJ, Wang, Q, Wang, D, Zhang, C, Li, X & Zeng, G 2016, 'Full-scale evaluation of aerobic/extended-idle regime inducing biological phosphorus removal and its integration with intermittent sand filter to treat domestic sewage discharged from highway rest area', Biochemical Engineering Journal, vol. 113, pp. 114-122.
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Biological phosphorus removal (BPR) has been demonstrated to be successfully achieved in the aerobic/extended-idle (AEI) wastewater treatment regime in previous bench-scale studies. To date, however, its feasibility has never been evaluated by any full-scale investigation. Here we report a first full-scale (180 m3/day) evaluation of the AEI process and its integration with intermittent sand filter to treat highway rest area sewage that is often neglected but actually brings significant impacts on receiving water bodies in China. The results showed that 70-99% of influent phosphate was removed in the AEI zone, although the sewage contained 23-37% of carbohydrate that is usually considered to be detrimental for BPR. Batch experimental investigation revealed that the presence of glucose (model compound of carbohydrate) promoted the AEI-inducing BPR efficiency, as opposed to deteriorating the conventional anaerobic/oxic regime-inducing BPR performance. Although the performance of AEI zone was affected by seasonal variation, the efficiencies of contaminant removal were stable and excellent (total nitrogen > 86%, others > 92%) in the integrated system. This study offers an attractive option for BPR from carbohydrate-rich wastewaters and also provides a prototype for wastewater treatment in remote areas.

Chen, J, Guo, C, Ji, Z, Poon, Y-T, Yu, N, Zeng, B & Zhou, J 2016, 'Joint product numerical range and geometry of reduced density matrices', Sci. China Phys. Mech. Astron., vol. 60, no. 2, p. 020312.
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The reduced density matrices of a many-body quantum system form a convex set, whose three-dimensional projection $\Theta$ is convex in $\mathbb{R}^3$. The boundary $\partial\Theta$ of $\Theta$ may exhibit nontrivial geometry, in particular ruled surfaces. Two physical mechanisms are known for the origins of ruled surfaces: symmetry breaking and gapless. In this work, we study the emergence of ruled surfaces for systems with local Hamiltonians in infinite spatial dimension, where the reduced density matrices are known to be separable as a consequence of the quantum de Finetti's theorem. This allows us to identify the reduced density matrix geometry with joint product numerical range $\Pi$ of the Hamiltonian interaction terms. We focus on the case where the interaction terms have certain structures, such that ruled surface emerge naturally when taking a convex hull of $\Pi$. We show that, a ruled surface on $\partial\Theta$ sitting in $\Pi$ has a gapless origin, otherwise it has a symmetry breaking origin. As an example, we demonstrate that a famous ruled surface, known as the oloid, is a possible shape of $\Theta$, with two boundary pieces of symmetry breaking origin separated by two gapless lines.

Chen, J-Y, Ji, Z, Liu, Z-X, Qi, X, Yu, N, Zeng, B & Zhou, D 2016, 'Physical origins of ruled surfaces on the reduced density matrices geometry', Sci. China Phys. Mech. Astron. (2017) 60: 020311, vol. 60, no. 2.
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The reduced density matrices (RDMs) of many-body quantum states form a convex set. The boundary of low dimensional projections of this convex set may exhibit nontrivial geometry such as ruled surfaces. In this paper, we study the physical origins of these ruled surfaces for bosonic systems. The emergence of ruled surfaces was recently proposed as signatures of symmetry-breaking phase. We show that, apart from being signatures of symmetry-breaking, ruled surfaces can also be the consequence of gapless quantum systems by demonstrating an explicit example in terms of a two-mode Ising model. Our analysis was largely simplified by the quantum de Finetti's theorem---in the limit of large system size, these RDMs are the convex set of all the symmetric separable states. To distinguish ruled surfaces originated from gapless systems from those caused by symmetry-breaking, we propose to use the finite size scaling method for the corresponding geometry. This method is then applied to the two-mode XY model, successfully identifying a ruled surface as the consequence of gapless systems.

Chen, J-Y, Ji, Z, Yu, N & Zeng, B 2016, 'Dichotomy of entanglement depth for symmetric states', Phys. Rev. A, vol. 94, no. 4, p. 042333.
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Entanglement depth characterizes the minimal number of particles in a system that are mutually entangled. For symmetric states, we show that there is a dichotomy for entanglement depth: an $N$-particle symmetric state is either fully separable, or fully entangled---the entanglement depth is either $1$ or $N$. This property is even stable under non-symmetric noise. We propose an experimentally accessible method to detect entanglement depth in atomic ensembles based on a bound on the particle number population of Dicke states, and demonstrate that the entanglement depth of some Dicke states, for example the twin Fock state, is very stable even under a large arbitrary noise. Our observation can be applied to atomic Bose-Einstein condensates to infer that these systems can be highly entangled with the entanglement depth that is of the order of the system size (i.e. several thousands of atoms).

Chen, L, Ge, Y & Bird, TS 2016, 'Ultrathin flat microwave transmitarray antenna for dual‐polarised operations', Electronics Letters, vol. 52, no. 20, pp. 1653-1654.
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A dual-polarised phase-correcting microwave transmitarray that is based on an ultrathin phase-shifting surface (PSS) has been developed at 22 GHz. The FSS element in this array has a square shape with the rotationally symmetrical geometry. It consists of two identical metallic layers etched on the two sides of a single dielectric layer. A phase-shifting range of about 330° is achieved. A planar slot-fed patch antenna was developed as the feed source for the compact structure. The transmitarray prototype, which is fed by a planar antenna, as well as a standard horn, was measured separately. The results show that peak gains of 25.82 and 27.45 dBi and 1 dB gain bandwidths of 6.8 and 9.5% are achieved for the two feed cases.

Chen, L, Li, X, Yang, Y, Kurniawati, H, Sheng, QZ, Hu, HY & Huang, N 2016, 'Personal health indexing based on medical examinations: A data mining approach', Decision Support Systems, vol. 81, pp. 54-65.
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© 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. We design a method called MyPHI that predicts personal health index (PHI), a new evidence-based health indicator to explore the underlying patterns of a large collection of geriatric medical examination (GME) records using data mining techniques. We define PHI as a vector of scores, each reflecting the health risk in a particular disease category. The PHI prediction is formulated as an optimization problem that finds the optimal soft labels as health scores based on medical records that are infrequent, incomplete, and sparse. Our method is compared with classification models commonly used in medical applications. The experimental evaluation has demonstrated the effectiveness of our method based on a real-world GME data set collected from 102,258 participants.

Chen, Q, Indraratna, B & Rujikiatkamjorn, C 2016, 'Behaviour of lignosulfonate-treated soil under cyclic loading', Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Ground Improvement, vol. 169, no. 2, pp. 109-119.
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In this paper, the effectiveness of an environmentally-friendly stabilising agent for soil, lignosulfonate (LS), is examined through a series of cyclic triaxial tests. The deformation characteristics of the contents of LS-treated sandy silt when subjected to undrained cyclic triaxial loading are investigated at different confining pressures and cyclic stress levels. Test results indicate that under a given confining pressure and cyclic deviator stress, the rate of increase in axial strain is controlled by the addition of LS, which results in a smaller value of plastic axial strain (εa,p). For all the untreated and LS-treated specimens, the rate of increase in εa,p increases with the increasing cyclic stress ratio (CSR). A critical value of CSR exists for a given LS content (i.e. CSRCR), below which the specimens could remain stable irrespective of the number of load cycles. The longevity of treated specimens is improved significantly, especially for the specimens with LS = 2% by weight. As the treated specimens are subjected to a high level of cyclic stress, the excess pore pressure shows a decreasing trend with the increasing number of cycles, but then increases again rapidly when the failure becomes imminent. Compared with the untreated soil, the resilient modulus increases significantly as a result of LS treatment, especially for LS = 2%. When the LS > 2%, there is no additional advantage, implying that 2% LS treatment is an optimum for this soil.

Chen, Q, Indraratna, B, Carter, JP & Nimbalkar, S 2016, 'Isotropic–kinematic hardening model for coarse granular soils capturing particle breakage and cyclic loading under triaxial stress space', Canadian Geotechnical Journal, vol. 53, no. 4, pp. 646-658.
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In this paper, a simple but comprehensive cyclic stress–strain model that incorporates particle breakage for granular soils including ballast and rockfill has been proposed on the basis of bounding surface plasticity theory within a critical state framework. Particle breakage and its effects are captured by a critical state line that is translated in voids ratio–stress space according to the dissipated energy (plastic work), through a hyperbolic function. A comprehensive equation related to particle breakage is proposed for the stress–dilatancy relationship to capture the complex dilatancy of granular soils. By extending Masing’s rule to bounding surface plasticity theory and introducing a generalized homological centre, a combined isotropic–kinematic hardening rule and a mapping rule have been established to simulate more realistically the response of gravelly soils under cyclic loading. The applicability and accuracy of this model are demonstrated by comparing its predictions with experimental results for different types of granular soils, including rockfill, under both monotonic and cyclic loading conditions. This study shows that the model can capture the characteristic features of coarse granular soils under complex loading paths.

Chen, S, Yuan, X, Wang, Z, Guo, C, Liang, J, Zhang, XL & Zhang, J 2016, 'Interactive Visual Discovering of Movement Patterns from Sparsely Sampled Geo-tagged Social Media Data', IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics, vol. 22, no. 1, pp. 270-279.
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© 1995-2012 IEEE. Social media data with geotags can be used to track people's movements in their daily lives. By providing both rich text and movement information, visual analysis on social media data can be both interesting and challenging. In contrast to traditional movement data, the sparseness and irregularity of social media data increase the difficulty of extracting movement patterns. To facilitate the understanding of people's movements, we present an interactive visual analytics system to support the exploration of sparsely sampled trajectory data from social media. We propose a heuristic model to reduce the uncertainty caused by the nature of social media data. In the proposed system, users can filter and select reliable data from each derived movement category, based on the guidance of uncertainty model and interactive selection tools. By iteratively analyzing filtered movements, users can explore the semantics of movements, including the transportation methods, frequent visiting sequences and keyword descriptions. We provide two cases to demonstrate how our system can help users to explore the movement patterns.

Chen, W, Wu, G, He, T, Li, Z, Guo, Z, Liu, H, Huang, Z & Chen, P 2016, 'An improved synthesis of unsolvated NaB 3 H 8 and its application in preparing Na 2 B 12 H 12', International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, vol. 41, no. 34, pp. 15471-15476.
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Chen, W, Yu, H, Wu, G, He, T, Li, Z, Guo, Z, Liu, H, Huang, Z & Chen, P 2016, 'Ammonium Aminodiboranate: A Long‐Sought Isomer of Diammoniate of Diborane and Ammonia Borane Dimer', Chemistry – A European Journal, vol. 22, no. 23, pp. 7727-7729.
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AbstractAmmonium aminodiboranate ([NH4][BH3NH2BH3]) is a long‐sought isomer of diammoniate of diborane ([NH3BH2NH3][BH4]) and ammonia borane (NH3BH3) dimer. Our results show that [NH4][BH3NH2BH3] is stable in tetrahydrofuran at −18 °C and decomposes rapidly to NH3BH2NH2BH3 and H2 at elevated temperatures. The decomposition pathway is dictated by the dihydrogen bonding between Hδ+ on NH4+ and Hδ− on BH3, as confirmed by theoretical calculations. This is in contrast to the interconversion between [NH3BH2NH3][BH4] and (NH3BH3)2, although all three have dihydrogen bonds and the same stoichiometry.

Chen, X & Ni, B-J 2016, 'Anaerobic conversion of hydrogen and carbon dioxide to fatty acids production in a membrane biofilm reactor: A modeling approach', Chemical Engineering Journal, vol. 306, pp. 1092-1098.
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Chen, X & Ni, B-J 2016, 'Model-based evaluation on simultaneous nitrate and arsenite removal in a membrane biofilm reactor', Chemical Engineering Science, vol. 152, pp. 488-496.
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Chen, X, Ge, Y & Bird, TS 2016, 'Reduction of sidelobe radiations of the standard pyramidal horn using a thin metamaterial lens', Electronics Letters, vol. 52, no. 24, pp. 1973-1974.
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A method is reported to suppress the sidelobe radiation of a standard pyramidal horn using a thin single-layer metamaterial lens. The metamaterial lens is composed of two identical metallic dipole arrays printed on both sides of a single dielectric layer. By placing the metamaterial lens inside a standard pyramidal horn, the electromagnetic fields over the horn aperture can be modified, resulting in low-sidelobe radiation in both the E- and H-planes of the horn. The measurement of a prototype lens gave a 10 dB reduction of the first sidelobe level in the E-plane, compared with that of the original air-filled pyramidal horn. Other design possibilities with a compensating lens are suggested.

Chen, X, Guo, J, Xie, G, Yuan, Z & Ni, B 2016, 'Achieving complete nitrogen removal by coupling nitritation‐anammox and methane‐dependent denitrification: A model‐based study', Biotechnology and Bioengineering, vol. 113, no. 5, pp. 1035-1045.
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ABSTRACTThe discovery of denitrifying anaerobic methane oxidation (DAMO) processes enables the complete nitrogen removal from wastewater by utilizing the methane produced on site from anaerobic digesters. This model‐based study investigated the mechanisms and operational window for efficient nitrogen removal by coupling nitritation‐anaerobic ammonium oxidation (Anammox) and methane‐dependent denitrification in membrane biofilm reactors (MBfRs). A mathematical model was applied to describe the microbial interactions among Anammox bacteria, DAMO archaea, and DAMO bacteria. The model sufficiently described the batch experimental data from an MBfR containing an Anammox‐DAMO biofilm with different feeding nitrogen compositions, which confirmed the validity of the model. The effects of process parameters on the system performance and microbial community structure could therefore be reliably evaluated. The impacts of nitritation produced NO2−/NH4+ ratio, methane supply, biofilm thickness and total nitrogen (TN) surface loading were comprehensively investigated with the model. Results showed that the optimum NO2−/NH4+ ratio produced from nitritation for the Anammox‐DAMO biofilm system was around 1.0 in order to achieve the maximum TN removal (over 99.0%), independent on TN surface loading. The corresponding optimal methane supply increased while the associated methane utilization efficiency decreased with the increase of TN surface loading. The cooperation between DAMO organisms and Anammox bacteria played the key role in the TN removal. Based on these results, the proof‐of‐concept feasibility of a single‐stage MBfR coupling nitritation‐Anammox‐DAMO for complete nitrogen removal was also tested through integrating the model with ammonia‐oxidizing bac...

Chen, X, Li, J, Li, Y & Gu, X 2016, 'Lyapunov-based Semi-active Control of Adaptive Base Isolation System employing Magnetorheological Elastomer base isolators', Earthquakes and Structures, vol. 11, no. 6, pp. 1077-1099.
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One of the main shortcomings in the current passive base isolation system is lack of adaptability. The recent research and development of a novel adaptive seismic isolator based on magnetorheological elastomer (MRE) material has created an opportunity to add adaptability to base isolation systems for civil structures. The new MRE based base isolator is able to significantly alter its shear modulus or lateral stiffness with the applied magnetic field or electric current, which makes it a competitive candidate to develop an adaptive base isolation system. This paper aims at exploring suitable control algorithms for such adaptive base isolation system by developing a close-loop semi-active control system for a building structure equipped with MRE base isolators. The MRE base isolator is simulated by a numerical model derived from experimental characterization based on the Bouc-Wen Model, which is able to describe the forcedisplacement response of the device accurately. The parameters of Bouc-Wen Model such as the stiffness and the damping coefficients are described as functions of the applied current. The state-space model is built by analyzing the dynamic property of the structure embedded with MRE base isolators. A Lyapunov-based controller is designed to adaptively vary the current applied to MRE base isolator to suppress the quakeinduced vibrations. The proposed control method is applied to a widely used benchmark base-isolated structure by numerical simulation. The performance of the adaptive base isolation system was evaluated through comparison with optimal passive base isolation system and a passive base isolation system with optimized base shear. It is concluded that the adaptive base isolation system with proposed Lyapunov-based semi-active control surpasses the performance of other two passive systems in protecting the civil structures under seismic events.

Chen, X, Liu, Y, Peng, L, Yuan, Z & Ni, B-J 2016, 'Model-Based Feasibility Assessment of Membrane Biofilm Reactor to Achieve Simultaneous Ammonium, Dissolved Methane, and Sulfide Removal from Anaerobic Digestion Liquor', Scientific Reports, vol. 6, no. 1.
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AbstractIn this study, the membrane biofilm reactor (MBfR) is proposed to achieve simultaneous removal of ammonium, dissolved methane, and sulfide from main-stream and side-stream anaerobic digestion liquors. To avoid dissolved methane stripping, oxygen is introduced through gas-permeable membranes, which also from the substratum for the growth of a biofilm likely comprising ammonium oxidizing bacteria (AOB), anaerobic ammonium oxidation (Anammox) bacteria, denitrifying anaerobic methane oxidation (DAMO) microorganisms, aerobic methane oxidizing bacteria (MOB), and sulfur oxidizing bacteria (SOB). A mathematical model is developed and applied to assess the feasibility of such a system and the associated microbial community structure under different operational conditions. The simulation studies demonstrate the feasibility of achieving high-level (>97.0%), simultaneous removal of ammonium, dissolved methane, and sulfide in the MBfRs from both main-stream and side-stream anaerobic digestion liquors through adjusting the influent surface loading (or hydraulic retention time (HRT)) and the oxygen surface loading. The optimal HRT was found to be inversely proportional to the corresponding oxygen surface loading. Under the optimal operational conditions, AOB, DAMO bacteria, MOB, and SOB dominate the biofilm of the main-stream MBfR, while AOB, Anammox bacteria, DAMO bacteria, and SOB coexist in the side-stream MBfR to remove ammonium, dissolved methane, and sulfide simultaneously.

Chen, X, Ni, W, Wang, X & Sun, Y 2016, 'Optimal Quality-of-Service Scheduling for Energy-Harvesting Powered Wireless Communications', IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications, vol. 15, no. 5, pp. 3269-3280.
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Chen, Y, He, X, Wu, Y, Gao, X, Wang, J, He, W, Silberschmidt, VV & Xu, H 2016, 'Effects of surface‐functionalized aluminum nitride on thermal, electrical, and mechanical behaviors of polyarylene ether nitrile‐based composites', Polymer Composites, vol. 37, no. 10, pp. 3033-3041.
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Aluminum nitride (AlN) with high thermal conductivity was blended in polyarylene ether nitrile (PEN) to obtain a composite system. A ball milling process could provide AlN particles of smaller size with higher surface silylation for homogeneous particle distribution in polymeric matrix. Thermal, electrical, and mechanical behaviors of the produced composites were characterized to investigate the effects of particles on the performance of PEN‐based composites with functionalized AlN. The composite exhibited thermal conductivity of 0.779 W m−1 K−1, a dielectric constant of 7.7, dielectric loss of 0.032, electrical resistivity of 1.39 GΩ.cm, and break strength of 36 N when the fraction of functionalized AlN increased to 42.3 vol%. A fitted equation based on the improved Russell's model could effectively predict a trend for thermal conductivity of the composite systems with consideration of interfacial resistance between AlN and surrounding PEN. POLYM. COMPOS., 37:3033–3041, 2016. © 2015 Society of Plastics Engineers

Chen, Y, Wang, J, Xu, M, He, X & Lu, H 2016, 'A unified model sharing framework for moving object detection', Signal Processing, vol. 124, pp. 72-80.
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Millions of surveillance cameras have been installed in public areas, producing vast amounts of video data every day. It is an urgent need to develop intelligent techniques to automatically detect and segment moving objects which have wide applications. Various approaches have been developed for moving object detection based on background modeling in the literature. Most of them focus on temporal information but partly or totally ignore spatial information, bringing about sensitivity to noise and background motion. In this paper, we propose a unified model sharing framework for moving object detection. To begin with, to exploit the spatial-temporal correlation across different pixels, we establish a many-to-one correspondence by model sharing between pixels, and a pixel is labeled into foreground or background by searching an optimal matched model in the neighborhood. Then a random sampling strategy is introduced for online update of the shared models. In this way, we can reduce the total number of models dramatically and match a proper model for each pixel accurately. Furthermore, existing approaches can be naturally embedded into the proposed sharing framework. Two popular approaches, statistical model and sample consensus model, are used to verify the effectiveness. Experiments and comparisons on ChangeDetection benchmark 2014 demonstrate the superiority of the model sharing solution.

Chen, Y, Zhen, YG, Hu, HY, Liang, J & Ma, KL 2016, 'Visualization technique for multi-attribute in hierarchical structure', Ruan Jian Xue Bao/Journal of Software, vol. 27, no. 5, pp. 1091-1102.
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Nowadays, there is increasing need to analyze the complex data with both hierarchical and multi-attributes in many fields such as food safety, stock market, and network security. The visual analytics appeared in recent years provides a good solution to analyze this kind of data. So far, many visualization methods for multi-dimensional data and hierarchical data, the typical data objects in the field of information visualization, have been presented to solve data analyzing problems effectively. However, the existing solutions can't meet requirements of visual analysis for the complex data with both multi-dimensional and hierarchical attributes. This paper presents a technology named Multi-Coordinate in Treemap (MCT), which combines rectangle treemap and multi-dimensional coordinates techniques. MCT uses treemap created with Squarified and Strip layout algorithm to represent hierarchical structure, uses four edges of treemap's rectangular node as the attribute axis, and through mapping property values to attribute axis, connecting attribute points and fitting curve, to achieve visualization of multi-attribute in hierarchical structure. This work applies MCT technology to visualize pesticide residue detection data and implements the visualization for detecting excessive pesticide residue in fruits and vegetables distributed in each provinces of China. This technology provides an efficient analysis tool for field experts. MCT can also be applied in other fields which require visual analysis of complex data with both hierarchical and multi-attribute.

Chen, Y, Zhou, Y, Yang, S, Li, JJ, Li, X, Ma, Y, Hou, Y, Jiang, N, Xu, C, Zhang, S, Zeng, R, Tu, M & Yu, B 2016, 'Novel bone substitute composed of chitosan and strontium-doped α-calcium sulfate hemihydrate: Fabrication, characterisation and evaluation of biocompatibility', Materials Science and Engineering: C, vol. 66, pp. 84-91.
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Chen, Y-C, Chen, W-H, Lin, B-J, Chang, J-S & Ong, HC 2016, 'Impact of torrefaction on the composition, structure and reactivity of a microalga residue', Applied Energy, vol. 181, pp. 110-119.
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Chen, Y-Y, Ge, Y & Bird, TS 2016, 'An Offset Reflectarray Antenna for Multipolarization Applications', IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters, vol. 15, pp. 1353-1356.
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A reflectarray that radiates linear or circular polarization (LP-CP) is proposed for multipolarization applications. The reflectarray consists of two double-layer dipole arrays that are orthogonally printed on both sides of the dielectric substrate. With a linearly polarized (LP) feeder, the antenna can transform the LP incident wave into a circularly polarized (CP) one. Both left-hand CP (LHCP) and right-hand CP (RHCP) waves can be obtained by rotating the LP feeder from the polarization angle of 45 ° to 135 °. In addition, LP radiation can also be obtained when the polarization angle of the feeder is 0° or 90°. A 32 × 32-element reflectarray has been designed, fabricated, and measured. The measurements validate the simulated results. The 3-dB axial-ratio bandwidths obtained for the LHCP and RHCP cases are 16.3% and 16.8%, with peak gains of 30.8 dBi at 26.3 GHz, and 31.6 dBi at 26 GHz, respectively.

Cheng, H-C & Hsieh, M-H 2016, 'Characterisations of Matrix and Operator-Valued $Φ$-Entropies, and Operator Efron-Stein Inequalities', Proc. R. Soc. A, vol. 472, no. 2187, p. 2187.
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We derive new characterisations of the matrix $\mathrm{\Phi}$-entropy functionals introduced in [Electron.~J.~Probab., 19(20): 1--30, 2014]. Notably, all known equivalent characterisations of the classical $\Phi$-entropies have their matrix correspondences. Next, we propose an operator-valued generalisation of the matrix $\Phi$-entropy functionals, and prove their subadditivity under L\'owner partial ordering. Our results demonstrate that the subadditivity of operator-valued $\Phi$-entropies is equivalent to the convexity of various related functions. This result can be used to demonstrate an interesting result in quantum information theory: the matrix $\Phi$-entropy of a quantum ensemble is monotone under unital quantum channels. Finally, we derive the operator Efron-Stein inequality to bound the operator-valued variance of a random matrix.

Cheng, H-C & Hsieh, M-H 2016, 'On the Concavity of Auxiliary Function in Classical-Quantum Channels', IEEE Trans. Inf. Theory, 62(10), 5960 - 5965, 2016, vol. 62, no. 10, pp. 5960-5965.
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The auxiliary function of a classical channel appears in two fundamental quantities that upper and lower bound the error probability, respectively. A crucial property of the auxiliary function is its concavity, which leads to several important results in finite block length analysis. In this paper, we prove that the auxiliary function of a classical-quantum channel also enjoys the same concave property, extending an earlier partial result to its full generality. The key component in our proof is a beautiful result of geometric means of operators.

Cheng, HC, Hsieh, MH & Yeh, PC 2016, 'The learnability of unknown quantum measurements', Quantum Information and Computation, vol. 16, no. 7-8, pp. 615-656.
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In this work, we provide an elegant framework to analyze learning matrices in the Schatten class by taking advantage of a recently developed methodology—matrix concentration inequalities. We establish the fat-shattering dimension, Rademacher/Gaussian complexity, and the entropy number of learning bounded operators and trace class operators. By characterising the tasks of learning quantum states and two-outcome quantum measurements into learning matrices in the Schatten-1 and ∞ classes, our proposed approach directly solves the sample complexity problems of learning quantum states and quantum measurements. Our main result in the paper is that, for learning an unknown quantum measurement, the upper bound, given by the fat-shattering dimension, is linearly proportional to the dimension of the underlying Hilbert space. Learning an unknown quantum state becomes a dual problem to ours, and as a byproduct, we can recover Aaronson’s famous result [Proc. R. Soc. A 463, 3089–3144 (2007)] solely using a classical machine learning technique. In addition, other famous complexity measures like covering numbers and Rademacher/Gaussian complexities are derived explicitly under the same framework. We are able to connect measures of sample complexity with various areas in quantum information science, e.g. quantum state/measurement tomography, quantum state discrimination and quantum random access codes, which may be of independent interest. Lastly, with the assistance of general Bloch-sphere representation, we show that learning quantum measurements/states can be mathematically formulated as a neural network. Consequently, classical ML algorithms can be applied to efficiently accomplish the two quantum learning tasks.

Cheng, J, Kim, J, Jiang, Z & Che, W 2016, 'Dual quaternion-based graphical SLAM', Robotics and Autonomous Systems, vol. 77, pp. 15-24.
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Cheng, S, Yu, L, Zhang, D, Huo, L & Ji, J 2016, 'Consensus of second-order multi-agent systems using partial agents' velocity measurements', NONLINEAR DYNAMICS, vol. 86, no. 3, pp. 1927-1935.
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Cheng, X, Jiang, Z, Monaghan, BJ, Wei, D, Longbottom, RJ, Zhao, J, Peng, J, Luo, M, Ma, L, Luo, S & Jiang, L 2016, 'Breakaway oxidation behaviour of ferritic stainless steels at 1150°C in humid air', Corrosion Science, vol. 108, pp. 11-22.
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Chitambar, E & Hsieh, M-H 2016, 'Round Complexity in the Local Transformations of Quantum and Classical States', Nature Communications, vol. 8, no. 1.
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A natural operational paradigm for distributed quantum and classical information processing involves local operations coordinated by multiple rounds of public communication. In this paper we consider the minimum number of communication rounds needed to perform the locality-constrained task of entanglement transformation and the analogous classical task of secrecy manipulation. Specifically we address whether bipartite mixed entanglement can always be converted into pure entanglement or whether unsecure classical correlations can always be transformed into secret shared randomness using local operations and a bounded number of communication exchanges. Our main contribution in this paper is an explicit construction of quantum and classical state transformations which, for any given $r$, can be achieved using $r$ rounds of classical communication exchanges but no fewer. Our results reveal that highly complex communication protocols are indeed necessary to fully harness the information-theoretic resources contained in general quantum and classical states. The major technical contribution of this manuscript lies in proving lower bounds for the required number of communication exchanges using the notion of common information and various lemmas built upon it. We propose a classical analog to the Schmidt rank of a bipartite quantum state which we call the secrecy rank, and we show that it is a monotone under stochastic local classical operations.

Choi, S, Tran, TT, Elbadawi, C, Lobo, C, Wang, X, Juodkazis, S, Seniutinas, G, Toth, M & Aharonovich, I 2016, 'Engineering and Localization of Quantum Emitters in Large Hexagonal Boron Nitride Layers.', ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, vol. 8, no. 43, pp. 29642-29648.
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Hexagonal boron nitride is a wide-band-gap van der Waals material that has recently emerged as a promising platform for quantum photonics experiments. In this work, we study the formation and localization of narrowband quantum emitters in large flakes (up to tens of micrometers wide) of hexagonal boron nitride. The emitters can be activated in as-grown hexagonal boron nitride by electron irradiation or high-temperature annealing, and the emitter formation probability can be increased by ion implantation or focused laser irradiation of the as-grown material. Interestingly, we show that the emitters are always localized at the edges of the flakes, unlike most luminescent point defects in three-dimensional materials. Our results constitute an important step on the roadmap of deploying hexagonal boron nitride in nanophotonics applications.

Choi, Y, Vigneswaran, S & Lee, S 2016, 'Evaluation of fouling potential and power density in pressure retarded osmosis (PRO) by fouling index', Desalination, vol. 389, pp. 215-223.
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Pressure retarded osmosis (PRO) is an osmotically-driven membrane process to utilize salinity gradient power (SGP), which is renewable energy originated from the different salt concentration between seawater and fresh water. However, PRO suffers from membrane fouling, leading to decreased water permeability and energy density. Although prediction of fouling is important for its mitigation and control, little information is available on fouling potential in PRO process. Accordingly, this study aims at the investigation of fouling propensity of PRO membranes under different conditions. Feed solutions that have different fouling potential were used in a laboratory-scale PRO system. Silt density index (SDI) and modified fouling index (MFI) were applied as indicators for assessing PRO membrane fouling. Results showed that the power density of PRO decreases with an increase of the fouling potential of the feed waters. MFI was proposed to be a fouling index for PRO because it showed a better correlation with the power density than SDI and turbidity. When MFI value is lower than 1400s/L2, the efficiency is higher than 70%, indicating that 30% loss in energy recovery compared to the case with D.I. water. This suggests that pretreatment requirements for PRO may be determined based on MFI results.

Choo, Y, Hu, H, Toth, K & Osuji, CO 2016, 'Sequential deposition of block copolymer thin films and formation of lamellar heterolattices by electrospray deposition', Journal of Polymer Science Part B: Polymer Physics, vol. 54, no. 2, pp. 247-253.
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ABSTRACTThe delivery of sub‐micron droplets of dilute polymer solutions to a heated substrate by electrospray atomization enabled precisely controlled and continuous deposition, or growth, of block copolymer thin films. It also provided, in principle, the ability to fabricate heterolattice materials using sequential depositions. This possibility was explored and the morphology of resulting composite films produced by such sequential electrospray deposition (ESD) of lamellar diblock copolymers of poly(styrene‐b‐4‐vinylpyridine) with differing molecular weights was examined. The structure of the heterolattice interface was a strong function of temperature. Sharp interfaces with abrupt changes in the lamellar period were observed at lower deposition temperatures, while higher temperatures produced a smooth variation in the lamellar period from one molecular weight to the next. The ordering kinetics of a secondary high molecular weight layer could be substantially enhanced depending on the molecular weight of the polymer present in the underlying primary layer. These findings were discussed in the context of temperature and molecular weight dependent diffusion dynamics of the polymers in the melt which control the inter‐mixing of the layers and therefore the structure of the heterolattice interface. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part B: Polym. Phys. 2016, 54, 247–253

Choudhary, K, Indraratna, B & Rujikiatkamjorn, C 2016, 'Pore pressure based method to quantify smear around a vertical drain', Géotechnique Letters, vol. 6, no. 3, pp. 211-215.
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Radial consolidation testing of Ballina clay (New South Wales, Australia) was carried out using a large-scale consolidometer 650 mm in diameter. In this study, the characteristics of the smear zone were evaluated on the basis of hydraulic gradient changes derived from the measured excess pore pressure data in the radial direction. The extent of the smear zone determined using this technique is compared with past approaches, where the variations in water content and lateral permeability were adopted to evaluate smear. The approach proposed herein based on the change of hydraulic gradient coincides with the previous two methods, and the smear zone could be established at almost 2·5 times the effective mandrel diameter. A good agreement is also found between the theoretical radial consolidation predictions, after incorporating the smear zone characteristics and the measured time–settlement curve. The proposed method for the determination of smear zone extent can be carried out during consolidation with minimum disturbance to soil, provided a sufficient number of pore pressure transducers are installed. It also eliminates the need for a number of soil samples and high-quality soil sampling technique after the installation of the drain.

Chowdhury, L, Khan, MI, Deb, K & Kamal, S 2016, 'MetaG: a graph-based metagenomic gene analysis for big DNA data', Network Modeling Analysis in Health Informatics and Bioinformatics, vol. 5, no. 1.
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Chua, L, Head, K, Thomas, P & Stuart, B 2016, 'Micro-characterisation of the colour palette of ceremonial objects from the Papua New Guinea Highlands: Transition from natural to synthetic pigments', Microchemical Journal, vol. 124, pp. 547-558.
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Chua, L, Maynard-Casely, HE, Thomas, PS, Head, K & Stuart, BH 2016, 'Characterisation of blue pigments from ceremonial objects of the Southern Highlands in Papua New Guinea using vibrational spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction', Vibrational Spectroscopy, vol. 85, pp. 43-47.
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Chua, T-S, He, X, Liu, W, Piccardi, M, Wen, Y & Tao, D 2016, 'Big data meets multimedia analytics.', Signal Process., vol. 124, pp. 1-4.
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Chuang, S-W, Chuang, C-H, Yu, Y-H, King, J-T & Lin, C-T 2016, 'EEG Alpha and Gamma Modulators Mediate Motion Sickness-Related Spectral Responses', International Journal of Neural Systems, vol. 26, no. 02, pp. 1650007-1650007.
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Motion sickness (MS) is a common experience of travelers. To provide insights into brain dynamics associated with MS, this study recruited 19 subjects to participate in an electroencephalogram (EEG) experiment in a virtual-reality driving environment. When riding on consecutive winding roads, subjects experienced postural instability and sensory conflict between visual and vestibular stimuli. Meanwhile, subjects rated their level of MS on a six-point scale. Independent component analysis (ICA) was used to separate the filtered EEG signals into maximally temporally independent components (ICs). Then, reduced logarithmic spectra of ICs of interest, using principal component analysis, were decomposed by ICA again to find spectrally fixed and temporally independent modulators (IMs). Results demonstrated that a higher degree of MS accompanied increased activation of alpha ([Formula: see text]) and gamma ([Formula: see text]) IMs across remote-independent brain processes, covering motor, parietal and occipital areas. This co-modulatory spectral change in alpha and gamma bands revealed the neurophysiological demand to regulate conflicts among multi-modal sensory systems during MS.

Clement, S, Deng, W, Camilleri, E, Wilson, BC & Goldys, EM 2016, 'X-ray induced singlet oxygen generation by nanoparticle-photosensitizer conjugates for photodynamic therapy: determination of singlet oxygen quantum yield', Scientific Reports, vol. 6, no. 1.
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AbstractSinglet oxygen is a primary cytotoxic agent in photodynamic therapy. We show that CeF3 nanoparticles, pure as well as conjugated through electrostatic interaction with the photosensitizer verteporfin, are able to generate singlet oxygen as a result of UV light and 8 keV X-ray irradiation. The X-ray stimulated singlet oxygen quantum yield was determined to be 0.79 ± 0.05 for the conjugate with 31 verteporfin molecules per CeF3 nanoparticle, the highest conjugation level used. From this result we estimate the singlet oxygen dose generated from CeF3-verteporfin conjugates for a therapeutic dose of 60 Gy of ionizing radiation at energies of 6 MeV and 30 keV to be (1.2 ± 0.7) × 108 and (2.0 ± 0.1) × 109 singlet oxygen molecules per cell, respectively. These are comparable with cytotoxic doses of 5 × 107–2 × 109 singlet oxygen molecules per cell reported in the literature for photodynamic therapy using light activation. We confirmed that the CeF3-VP conjugates enhanced cell killing with 6 MeV radiation. This work confirms the feasibility of using X- or γ- ray activated nanoparticle-photosensitizer conjugates, either to supplement the radiation treatment of cancer, or as an independent treatment modality.

Cliff, OM, Prokopenko, M & Fitch, R 2016, 'An Information Criterion for Inferring Coupling in Distributed Dynamical Systems', Front. Robot. AI 3(71), 2016, vol. 3, pp. 1-9.
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The behaviour of many real-world phenomena can be modelled by nonlinear dynamical systems whereby a latent system state is observed through a filter. We are interested in interacting subsystems of this form, which we model by a set of coupled maps as a synchronous update graph dynamical systems. Specifically, we study the structure learning problem for spatially distributed dynamical systems coupled via a directed acyclic graph. Unlike established structure learning procedures that find locally maximum posterior probabilities of a network structure containing latent variables, our work exploits the properties of dynamical systems to compute globally optimal approximations of these distributions. We arrive at this result by the use of time delay embedding theorems. Taking an information-theoretic perspective, we show that the log-likelihood has an intuitive interpretation in terms of information transfer.

Connerty, P, Ahadi, A & Hutvagner, G 2016, 'RNA Binding Proteins in the miRNA Pathway', International Journal of Molecular Sciences, vol. 17, no. 1, pp. 31-31.
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microRNAs (miRNAs) are short ~22 nucleotides (nt) ribonucleic acids which post-transcriptionally regulate gene expression. miRNAs are key regulators of all cellular processes, and the correct expression of miRNAs in an organism is crucial for proper development and cellular function. As a result, the miRNA biogenesis pathway is highly regulated. In this review, we outline the basic steps of miRNA biogenesis and miRNA mediated gene regulation focusing on the role of RNA binding proteins (RBPs). We also describe multiple mechanisms that regulate the canonical miRNA pathway, which depends on a wide range of RBPs. Moreover, we hypothesise that the interaction between miRNA regulation and RBPs is potentially more widespread based on the analysis of available high-throughput datasets.

Connerty, P, Bajan, S, Remenyi, J, Fuller-Pace, FV & Hutvagner, G 2016, 'The miRNA biogenesis factors, p72/DDX17 and KHSRP regulate the protein level of Ago2 in human cells', Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Gene Regulatory Mechanisms, vol. 1859, no. 10, pp. 1299-1305.
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Consoli, NC, da Rocha, CG & Maghous, S 2016, 'Strategies for Developing More Sustainable Dosages for Soil–Coal Fly Ash–Lime Blends', Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering, vol. 28, no. 11, pp. 04016130-04016130.
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Cooper, O, Wang, B, Brown, CL, Tiralongo, J & Iacopi, F 2016, 'Toward Label-Free Biosensing With Silicon Carbide: A Review', IEEE Access, vol. 4, pp. 477-497.
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© 2013 IEEE. Recent innovation in microelectrical-mechanical systems (MEMSs) and plasmonics-based technologies has opened up perspectives for label-free sensing of biological and chemical analytes. Label-free sensing would enable increased sensitivity and miniaturization capabilities for biosensing devices. Silicon carbide is a semiconductor material that happens to possess ideal properties for augmenting both the MEMS/nanoelectromechanical systems and the plasmonics routes. It has remarkable chemical and biological inertness resulting in a high degree of biocompatibility, as well as pronounced mechanical resilience. In addition, it is an efficient (low loss) plasmonic metamaterial. Its cubic polytype can be grown on silicon wafers, allowing easy micromachining into building blocks for sensing devices, scalable to large volume production. Finally, silicon carbide is an ideal starting material for a controlled, wafer-scale growth of graphene, offering an additional wealth of excellent properties for nanosensing. The combination of all of these capabilities makes silicon carbide an outstanding material platform for the realization of label-free, analyte-specific, and highly sensitive biochemical molecule detection systems. These technologies will open exciting horizons in terms of high throughput, efficient drug screening, and early pathogen detection.

Corsetti, S, McGloin, D & Kiefer, J 2016, 'Comparison of Raman and IR spectroscopy for quantitative analysis of gasoline/ethanol blends', Fuel, vol. 166, pp. 488-494.
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Cropley, JE, Eaton, SA, Aiken, A, Young, PE, Giannoulatou, E, Ho, JWK, Buckland, ME, Keam, SP, Hutvagner, G, Humphreys, DT, Langley, KG, Henstridge, DC, Martin, DIK, Febbraio, MA & Suter, CM 2016, 'Male-lineage transmission of an acquired metabolic phenotype induced by grand-paternal obesity', Molecular Metabolism, vol. 5, no. 8, pp. 699-708.
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© 2016 The Author(s).Objective: Parental obesity can induce metabolic phenotypes in offspring independent of the inherited DNA sequence. Here we asked whether such non-genetic acquired metabolic traits can be passed on to a second generation that has never been exposed to obesity, even as germ cells. Methods: We examined the F1, F2, and F3 a/a offspring derived from F0 matings of obese prediabetic A vy /a sires and lean a/a dams. After F0, only lean a/a mice were used for breeding. Results: We found that F1 sons of obese founder males exhibited defects in glucose and lipid metabolism, but only upon a post-weaning dietary challenge. F1 males transmitted these defects to their own male progeny (F2) in the absence of the dietary challenge, but the phenotype was largely attenuated by F3. The sperm of F1 males exhibited changes in the abundance of several small RNA species, including the recently reported diet-responsive tRNA-derived fragments. Conclusions: These data indicate that induced metabolic phenotypes may be propagated for a generation beyond any direct exposure to an inducing factor. This non-genetic inheritance likely occurs via the actions of sperm noncoding RNA.

Cui, H, Wang, X, Lin, W, Zhou, J, Eberl, S, Feng, D & Fulham, M 2016, 'Primary lung tumor segmentation from PET–CT volumes with spatial–topological constraint', International Journal of Computer Assisted Radiology and Surgery, vol. 11, no. 1, pp. 19-29.
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Cui, P, Liu, H, Aggarwal, C & Wang, F 2016, 'Uncovering and Predicting Human Behaviors', IEEE Intelligent Systems, vol. 31, no. 2, pp. 77-88.
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da M. Costa, LP, McKenzie, TG, Schwarz, KN, Fu, Q & Qiao, GG 2016, 'Observed Photoenhancement of RAFT Polymerizations under Fume Hood Lighting', ACS Macro Letters, vol. 5, no. 11, pp. 1287-1292.
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da Rocha, CG, Passuello, A, Consoli, NC, Quiñónez Samaniego, RA & Kanazawa, NM 2016, 'Life cycle assessment for soil stabilization dosages: A study for the Paraguayan Chaco', Journal of Cleaner Production, vol. 139, pp. 309-318.
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Dackermann, U, Elsener, R, Li, J & Crews, K 2016, 'A comparative study of using static and ultrasonic material testing methods to determine the anisotropic material properties of wood', CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS, vol. 102, no. 2, pp. 963-976.
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© 2015 Elsevier Ltd. This paper presents a comparative study using static and ultrasonic testing for the determination of the full set of orthotropic material properties of wood. In the literature, material properties are typically only available in the longitudinal direction, and most international standards do not provide details on the testing of the other two secondary directions (radial and tangential). This work provides a comprehensive study and discussions on the determination of all twelve orthotropic material properties of two hardwood species using static testing and an alternative testing approach based on ultrasonic waves. Recommendations are given on the execution of the tests and the interpretation and calibration of the results.

Dackermann, U, Li, J, Rijal, R & Crews, K 2016, 'A dynamic-based method for the assessment of connection systems of timber composite structures', CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS, vol. 102, pp. 999-1008.
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Dahou, Z, Castel, A & Noushini, A 2016, 'Prediction of the steel-concrete bond strength from the compressive strength of Portland cement and geopolymer concretes', Construction and Building Materials, vol. 119, pp. 329-342.
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Dang, LC, Fatahi, B & Khabbaz, H 2016, 'Behaviour of Expansive Soils Stabilized with Hydrated Lime and Bagasse Fibres', Procedia Engineering, vol. 143, pp. 658-665.
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© 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Soil stabilization is the most common ground improvement technique adopted to improve problematic soil properties. This investigation exhibits a series of laboratory tests conducted to evaluate the influences of bagasse fibres and hydrated lime addition on the engineering properties and shrink-swell behaviour of stabilised expansive soils. Bagasse fibre is industrial waste by-product left after the crushing of sugar cane for juice extraction that was used in this study as reinforcing component for expansive soil stabilization. The expansive soils used in this investigation were collected from Queensland, Australia. In order to investigate the influences of bagasse fibres on the engineering behaviour of expansive soil, varying proportions of randomly distributed bagasse fibres of 0.5%, 1.0%, and 2.0% were added to expansive soil and hydrated lime-expansive soils mixed with different bagasse fibre proportions were also investigated. Although, an array of experimental tests have been undertaken on untreated and treated expansive soil samples, merely the outcomes of linear shrinkage, unconfined compressive strength (UCS) tests after various curing periods of 3, 7 and 28 days are presented in this paper. Other test results have been identified as follow up research. The findings of this experimental investigation indicate that bagasse fibre reinforcement blended with hydrated lime increased the compressive strength of expansive soil with increase in curing time and additives contents, whereas the linear shrinkage of stabilised expansive soils decreased with increasing hydrated lime and bagasse fibre proportions and curing periods. Based on the reasonable laboratory test results, it can be noted that the expansive soils can be successfully stabilized by combination of hydrated lime and bagasse fibres.

Dantanarayana, L, Dissanayake, G & Ranasinghe, R 2016, 'C-LOG: A Chamfer distance based algorithm for localisation in occupancy grid-maps.', CAAI Trans. Intell. Technol., vol. 1, no. 3, pp. 272-284.
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Das, A, Ferrer, MA, Pal, U, Pal, S, Diaz, M & Blumenstein, M 2016, 'Multi‐script versus single‐script scenarios in automatic off‐line signature verification', IET Biometrics, vol. 5, no. 4, pp. 305-313.
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Das, A, Pal, U, Ferrer, MA & Blumenstein, M 2016, 'A framework for liveness detection for direct attacks in the visible spectrum for multimodal ocular biometrics', Pattern Recognition Letters, vol. 82, no. 2, pp. 232-241.
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© 2015 Elsevier B.V. In this research a new framework for software-based liveness detection for direct attacks in multimodal ocular biometrics across the visible spectrum is proposed. The framework aims to develop a more realistic method for liveness detection compared to previous frameworks proposed in the literature. To fulfil the above highlighted aims in this framework, intra-class level (i.e. user level) liveness detection is introduced. To detect liveness, a new set of image quality-based features is proposed for multimodal ocular biometrics in the visible spectrum. A variety of transformed domain (focus related) aspect and contrast-related quality features are employed to design the framework. Furthermore a new database is developed for liveness detection of multimodal ocular biometrics, which has the prominent presence of multimodal ocular traits (both sclera and iris). Moreover this database is comprised of a larger variety of fake images; those were prepared by employing versatile forging techniques which can be exhibited by imposters. Therefore the proposed schema has dealt with versatile categories of spoofing methods, which were not considered previously in the literature. The database contains a set of 500 fake and 500 genuine eye images acquired from 50 different eyes. An appreciable liveness detection result is achieved in the experiments. Furthermore, the experimental results conclude that this new framework is more efficient and competitive when compared to previous liveness detection schemes.

Dehbari, N, Tavakoli, J, Zhao, J & Tang, Y 2016, 'Enhancing water swelling ability and mechanical properties of water‐swellable rubber by PAA/SBS nanofiber mats', Journal of Applied Polymer Science, vol. 133, no. 47.
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ABSTRACTInvestigation of the potential use of nanofibers to reinforce composites has gained significance in many applications. In this article, the nanofiber mats of poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) and styrene–butadiene–styrene (SBS) triblock copolymer with composites structure were interweaved by double needle electrospinning process. The multiple nanofiber mats were added to conventional water‐swellable rubber (WSR). Improved mechanical and physical properties of WSR were obtained. Enhancement of the swellability of WSR + PAA/SBS nanofiber mats was derived from the PAA constituent absorbing water from the surface into the bulk and introducing random internal water channels between discontinuous superabsorbent polymers. The role of SBS nanofibers in the composite of WSR + PAA/SBS nanofiber mats was more related to the mechanical properties, where the breaking force of the composite increased to twice that of the conventional WSR. Interestingly, after immersion of the WSR + PAA/SBS nanofiber mats in water for 1 week, there was only a slight decrease in their mechanical properties of less than 5% compared to the dry state. The mechanisms and effects of the nanofiber mats in enhancing the mechanical and water swelling properties of WSR are also discussed. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2016, 133, 44213.

Deng, C, Ding, F, Li, X, Guo, Y, Ni, W, Yan, H, Sun, K & Yan, Y-M 2016, 'Templated-preparation of a three-dimensional molybdenum phosphide sponge as a high performance electrode for hydrogen evolution', Journal of Materials Chemistry A, vol. 4, no. 1, pp. 59-66.
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A sponge-shaped three-dimensional MoP (3D MoP) electrocatalyst is prepared and used as a binder-free electrode for the HER, exhibiting promising catalytic activity.

Deng, L, Guo, W, Ngo, HH, Du, B, Wei, Q, Tran, NH, Nguyen, NC, Chen, S-S & Li, J 2016, 'Effects of hydraulic retention time and bioflocculant addition on membrane fouling in a sponge-submerged membrane bioreactor', Bioresource Technology, vol. 210, pp. 11-17.
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The characteristics of activated sludge and membrane fouling were evaluated in a sponge-submerged membrane bioreactor (SSMBR) at different hydraulic retention times (HRTs) (6.67, 5.33 and 4.00h). At shorter HRT, more obvious membrane fouling was caused by exacerbated cake layer formation and aggravated pore blocking. Activated sludge possessed more extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) due to excessive growth of biomass and lower protein to polysaccharide ratio in soluble microbial products (SMP). The cake layer resistance was aggravated by increased sludge viscosity together with the accumulated EPS and biopolymer clusters (BPC) on membrane surface. However, SMP showed marginal effect on membrane fouling when SSMBRs were operated at all HRTs. The SSMBR with Gemfloc® addition at the optimum HRT of 6.67h demonstrated superior sludge characteristics such as larger floc size, less SMP in mixed liquor with higher protein/polysaccharide ratio, less SMP and BPC in cake layer, thereby further preventing membrane fouling.

Deng, L, Guo, W, Ngo, HH, Zhang, H, Wang, J, Li, J, Xia, S & Wu, Y 2016, 'Biofouling and control approaches in membrane bioreactors', Bioresource Technology, vol. 221, pp. 656-665.
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Deng, L, Guo, W, Ngo, HH, Zhang, X, Wang, XC, Zhang, Q & Chen, R 2016, 'New functional biocarriers for enhancing the performance of a hybrid moving bed biofilm reactor–membrane bioreactor system', Bioresource Technology, vol. 208, pp. 87-93.
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Deng, W, Kautzka, Z, Chen, W & Goldys, EM 2016, 'PLGA nanocomposites loaded with verteporfin and gold nanoparticles for enhanced photodynamic therapy of cancer cells', RSC Advances, vol. 6, no. 113, pp. 112393-112402.
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Enhanced ¹O₂ generation from PLGA loaded with verteporfin and gold nanoparticles under light illumination has the potential to improve cancer cell-killing effect.

Devitt, SJ 2016, 'Performing quantum computing experiments in the cloud', Physical Review A, vol. 94, no. 3, p. 032329.
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Quantum computing technology has reached a second renaissance in the past five years. Increased interest from both the private and public sector combined with extraordinary theoretical and experimental progress has solidified this technology as a major advancement in the 21st century. As anticipated my many, some of the first realizations of quantum computing technology has occured over the cloud, with users logging onto dedicated hardware over the classical internet. Recently, IBM has released the Quantum Experience, which allows users to access a five-qubit quantum processor. In this paper we take advantage of this online availability of actual quantum hardware and present four quantum information experiments. We utilize the IBM chip to realize protocols in quantum error correction, quantum arithmetic, quantum graph theory, and fault-tolerant quantum computation by accessing the device remotely through the cloud. While the results are subject to significant noise, the correct results are returned from the chip. This demonstrates the power of experimental groups opening up their technology to a wider audience and will hopefully allow for the next stage of development in quantum information technology.

Devitt, SJ 2016, 'Programming quantum computers using 3-D puzzles, coffee cups, and doughnuts', XRDS, vol. 23, no. 1, pp. 45-50.
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The task of programming a quantum computer is just as strange as quantum mechanics itself. But it now looks like a simple 3D puzzle may be the future tool of quantum software engineers.

Dharma, S, Masjuki, HH, Ong, HC, Sebayang, AH, Silitonga, AS, Kusumo, F & Mahlia, TMI 2016, 'Optimization of biodiesel production process for mixed Jatropha curcas-Ceiba pentandra biodiesel using response surface methodology', Energy Conversion and Management, vol. 115, pp. 178-190.
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Exploring and improvement of biodiesel production from non-edible vegetable oil is one of the effective ways to solve limited amount of traditional raw materials and their high prices. The main objective of this study is to optimize the biodiesel production process parameters (methanol-to-oil ratio, agitation speed and concentration of the potassium hydroxide catalyst) of a biodiesel derived from non-edible feedstocks, namely Jatropha curcas and Ceiba pentandra, using response surface methodology based on Box-Behnken experimental design. Based on the results, the optimum operating parameters for transesterification of the J50C50 oil mixture at 60 °C over a period of 2 h are as follows: methanol-to-oil ratio: 30%, agitation speed: 1300 rpm and catalyst concentration: 0.5 wt.%. These optimum operating parameters gives the highest yield for the J50C50 biodiesel with a value of 93.33%. The results show that there is a significant improvement in the physicochemical properties of the J50C50 biodiesel after optimization, whereby the kinematic viscosity at 40 °C, density at 15 °C, calorific value, acid value and oxidation stability is 3.950 mm2/s, 831.2 kg/m3, 40.929 MJ/kg, 0.025 mg KOH/g and 10.01 h, respectively. The physicochemical properties of the optimized J50C50 biodiesel fulfill the requirements given in the ASTM D6751 and EN14214 standards.

Dharma, S, Ong, HC, Masjuki, HH, Sebayang, AH & Silitonga, AS 2016, 'An overview of engine durability and compatibility using biodiesel–bioethanol–diesel blends in compression-ignition engines', Energy Conversion and Management, vol. 128, pp. 66-81.
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Dias, A, Skinner, J, Crews, K & Tannert, T 2016, 'Timber-concrete-composites increasing the use of timber in construction', European Journal of Wood and Wood Products, vol. 74, no. 3, pp. 443-451.
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Diez, A, Khoa, NLD, Makki, AM, Wang, Y, Chen, F & Runcie, P 2016, 'A clustering approach for structural health monitoring on bridges', Journal of Civil Structural Health Monitoring, vol. 6, no. 3, pp. 429-445.
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© 2016, Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg. Structural health monitoring is a process for identifying damage in civil infrastructures using sensing system. It has been increasingly employed due to advances in sensing technologies and data analytic using machine learning. A common problem within this scenario is that limited data of real structural faults are available. Therefore, unsupervised and novelty detection machine learning methods must be employed. This work presents a clustering based approach to group substructures or joints with similar behaviour on bridge and then detect abnormal or damaged ones, as part of efforts in applying structural health monitoring to the Sydney Harbour Bridge, one of iconic structures in Australia. The approach is a combination of feature extraction, a nearest neighbor based outlier removal, followed by a clustering approach over both vibration events and joints representatives. Vibration signals caused by passing vehicles from different joints are then classified and damaged joints can be detected and located. The validity of the approach was demonstrated using real data collected from the Sydney Harbour Bridge. The clustering results showed correlations among similarly located joints in different bridge zones. Moreover, it also helped to detect a damaged joint and a joint with a faulty instrumented sensor, and thus demonstrated the feasibility of the proposed clustering based approach to complement existing damage detection strategies.

Ding, G & Forsythe, P 2016, 'A comparative study of floor construction on sloping sites: An analysis of cumulative energy demand and greenhouse gas emissions', Construction Economics and Building, vol. 16, no. 1, pp. 33-49.
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© 2016 Grace Ding and Perry Forsythe. In order to make environmentally aware decisions, there is growing interest in the comparative energy and greenhouse gas (GHG) performance of competing construction methods. Little research has been done concerning competing ground floor construction methods, especially given different site variables, such as slope and soil type. A life cycle assessment approach was adopted to analyse environmental impacts, including cumulative energy demand and GHG emissions for detached housing construction in Australia. Data was drawn from 24 case study housing projects, including 12 reinforced concrete and 12 suspended timber floor projects. The data presented in the paper compares cumulative energy demand, GHG and the constituent parts of competing construction methods. The findings indicate that the timber floors use/create significantly less cumulative energy demand and GHG emissions than concrete floors—approximately 2.1 to 2.7 times less energy and 2.3 to 2.9 times less GHG. These findings are limited to the site slope and foundation soil types identified in the paper. The main application of the work is in guidance concerning the lowest environmental impact options for detached housing construction.

Ding, W-P, Lin, C-T, Prasad, M, Chen, S-B & Guan, Z-J 2016, 'Attribute Equilibrium Dominance Reduction Accelerator (DCCAEDR) Based on Distributed Coevolutionary Cloud and Its Application in Medical Records', IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics: Systems, vol. 46, no. 3, pp. 384-400.
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Ding, Y, Huang, W, Sheng, D & Sloan, SW 2016, 'Reply to discussion on “Numerical study on finite element implementation of hypoplastic models” by Yutang Ding, Wenxiong Huang, Daichao Sheng, and Scott W. Sloan [Comput. Geotech. 68 (2015) 78–90]', Computers and Geotechnics, vol. 71, pp. 278-280.
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Du, F, Zhang, J, Li, H, Yan, J, Galloway, S & Lo, KL 2016, 'Modelling the impact of social network on energy savings', Applied Energy, vol. 178, pp. 56-65.
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Du, J, He, R & Sugumaran, V 2016, 'Clustering and ontology-based information integration framework for surface subsidence risk mitigation in underground tunnels', Cluster Computing, vol. 19, no. 4, pp. 2001-2014.
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Du, W, Su, QP, Chen, Y, Zhu, Y, Jiang, D, Rong, Y, Zhang, S, Zhang, Y, Ren, H, Zhang, C, Wang, X, Gao, N, Wang, Y, Sun, L, Sun, Y & Yu, L 2016, 'Kinesin 1 Drives Autolysosome Tubulation', Developmental Cell, vol. 37, no. 4, pp. 326-336.
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© 2016 Elsevier Inc. Autophagic lysosome reformation (ALR) plays an important role in maintaining lysosome homeostasis. During ALR, lysosomes are reformed by recycling lysosomal components from autolysosomes. The most noticeable step of ALR is autolysosome tubulation, but it is currently unknown how the process is regulated. Here, using an approach combining in vivo studies and in vitro reconstitution, we found that the kinesin motor protein KIF5B is required for autolysosome tubulation and that KIF5B drives autolysosome tubulation by pulling on the autolysosomal membrane. Furthermore, we show that KIF5B directly interacts with PtdIns(4,5)P2. Kinesin motors are recruited and clustered on autolysosomes via interaction with PtdIns(4,5)P2 in a clathrin-dependent manner. Finally, we demonstrate that clathrin promotes formation of PtdIns(4,5)P2-enriched microdomains, which are required for clustering of KIF5B. Our study reveals a mechanism by which autolysosome tubulation was generated.

Du, X, Yan, Y, Pan, P, Long, G & Zhao, L 2016, 'Multiple graph unsupervised feature selection', Signal Processing, vol. 120, pp. 754-760.
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© 2014 Elsevier B.V. Feature selection improves the quality of the model by filtering out the noisy or redundant part. In the unsupervised scenarios, the selection is challenging due to the unavailability of the labels. To overcome that, the graphs which can unfold the geometry structure on the manifold are usually used to regularize the selection process. These graphs can be constructed either in the local view or the global view. As the local graph is more discriminative, previous methods tended to use the local graph rather than the global graph. But the global graph also has useful information. In light of this, in this paper, we propose a multiple graph unsupervised feature selection method to leverage the information from both local and global graphs. Besides that, we enforce the l2,p norm to achieve more flexible sparse learning. The experiments which inspect the effects of multiple graph and l2,p norm are conducted respectively on various datasets, and the comparisons to other mainstream methods are also presented in this paper. The results support that the multiple graph could be better than the single graph in the unsupervised feature selection, and the overall performance of the proposed method is higher than the other comparisons.

Duan, L, Liu, D, Zhang, Y, Chen, S, Liu, RP, Cheng, B & Chen, J 2016, 'Secure Data-Centric Access Control for Smart Grid Services Based on Publish/Subscribe Systems', ACM Transactions on Internet Technology, vol. 16, no. 4, pp. 1-17.
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The communication systems in existing smart grids mainly take the request/reply interaction model, in which data access is under the direct control of data producers. This tightly controlled interaction model is not scalable to support complex interactions among smart grid services. On the contrary, the publish/subscribe system features a loose coupling communication infrastructure and allows indirect, anonymous and multicast interactions among smart grid services. The publish/subscribe system can thus support scalable and flexible collaboration among smart grid services. However, the access is not under the direct control of data producers, it might not be easy to implement an access control scheme for a publish/subscribe system. In this article, we propose a Data-Centric Access Control Framework (DCACF) to support secure access control in a publish/subscribe model. This framework helps to build scalable smart grid services, while keeping features of service interactions and data confidentiality at the same time. The data published in our DCACF is encrypted with a fully homomorphic encryption scheme, which allows in-grid homomorphic aggregation of the encrypted data. The encrypted data is accompanied by bloom-filter encoded control policies and access credentials to enable indirect access control. We have analyzed the correctness and security of our DCACF and evaluated its performance in a distributed environment.

Duan, L, Zhang, Y, Chen, S, Zhao, S, Wang, S, Liu, D, Liu, RP, Cheng, B & Chen, J 2016, 'Automated Policy Combination for Secure Data Sharing in Cross-Organizational Collaborations', IEEE Access, vol. 4, pp. 3454-3468.
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© 2016 IEEE. During business collaborations, multiple participating organizations often need to share data for common interests. In such cases, it is necessary to combine local policies from different organizations into a global one in order to manage access to the shared data. However, local policies of organizations may be different or even conflicting, due to diverse rules and rule combining algorithms chosen. Few existing methods for policy combination are able to automatically combine multiple local policies into a global one. In this paper, we propose a bottom-up approach to address the issues of multiple policy combinations. The key idea is to first classify the rules based on attribute constraints in each policy, and then reduce the rules of the corresponding classes to one with the same attribute constraints. The reduced rules are then combined into a new global policy by choosing the appropriate rule combining algorithm in XACML. The latter ensures compliance with each of the local policies at syntax and semantic levels. To validate our approach, we develop a proof-of-concept implementation of the automated policy combination. Experimental results demonstrate that our approach is highly scalable and supports a number of attribute constraints in each local policy.

Duong, HC, Cooper, P, Nelemans, B, Cath, TY & Nghiem, LD 2016, 'Evaluating energy consumption of air gap membrane distillation for seawater desalination at pilot scale level', Separation and Purification Technology, vol. 166, pp. 55-62.
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This study aimed to optimise an air gap membrane distillation (AGMD) system for seawater desalination with respect to distillate production as well as thermal and electrical energy consumption. Pilot evaluation data shows a notable influence of evaporator inlet temperature and water circulation rate on process performance. An increase in both distillate production rate and energy efficiency could be obtained by increasing the evaporator inlet temperature. On the other hand, there was a trade-off between the distillate production rate and energy efficiency when the water circulation rate varied. Increasing the water circulation rate resulted in an improvement in the distillate production rate, but also an increase in both specific thermal and electrical energy consumption. Given the small driving force used in the pilot AGMD, discernible impact of feed salinity on process performance could be observed, while the effects of temperature and concentration polarisation were small. At the optimum operating conditions identified in this study, a stable AGMD operation for seawater desalination could be achieved with specific thermal and electrical energy consumption of 90 and 0.13 kW h/m3, respectively. These values demonstrate the commercial viability of AGMD for small-scale and off-grid seawater desalination where solar thermal or low-grade heat sources are readily available.

Duong, HC, Duke, M, Gray, S, Cooper, P & Nghiem, LD 2016, 'Membrane scaling and prevention techniques during seawater desalination by air gap membrane distillation', Desalination, vol. 397, pp. 92-100.
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Dusi, M, Finamore, A, Claffy, K, Brownlee, N & Veitch, D 2016, 'Guest Editorial Measuring and Troubleshooting the Internet: Algorithms, Tools and Applications', IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications, vol. 34, no. 6, pp. 1805-1806.
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Dzeng, R-J, Lin, C-T & Fang, Y-C 2016, 'Using eye-tracker to compare search patterns between experienced and novice workers for site hazard identification', Safety Science, vol. 82, pp. 56-67.
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Eager, D, Pendrill, A-M & Reistad, N 2016, 'Beyond velocity and acceleration: jerk, snap and higher derivatives', European Journal of Physics, vol. 37, no. 6, pp. 065008-065008.
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The higher derivatives of motion are rarely discussed in the teaching of classical mechanics of rigid bodies; nevertheless, we experience the effect not only of acceleration, but also of jerk and snap. In this paper we will discuss the third and higher order derivatives of displacement with respect to time, using the trampolines and theme park roller coasters to illustrate this concept. We will also discuss the effects on the human body of different types of acceleration, jerk, snap and higher derivatives, and how they can be used in physics education to further enhance the learning and thus the understanding of classical mechanics concepts.

Ekong, U, Lam, HK, Xiao, B, Ouyang, G, Liu, H, Chan, KY & Ling, SH 2016, 'Classification of epilepsy seizure phase using interval type-2 fuzzy support vector machines', NEUROCOMPUTING, vol. 199, pp. 66-76.
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An interval type-2 fuzzy support vector machine (IT2FSVM) is proposed to solve a classification problem which aims to classify three epileptic seizure phases (seizure-free, pre-seizure and seizure) from the electroencephalogram (EEG) captured from patients with neurological disorder symptoms. The effectiveness of the IT2FSVM classifier is evaluated based on a set of EEG samples which are collected from 10 patients at Peking university hospital. The EEG samples for the three seizure phases were captured by the 112 2-s 19 channel EEG epochs, where each patient was extracted for each sample. Feature extraction was used to reduce the feature vector of the EEG samples to 45 elements and the EEG samples with the reduced features are used for training the IT2FSVM classifier. The classification results obtained by the IT2FSVM are compared with three traditional classifiers namely Support Vector Machine, k-Nearest Neighbor and naive Bayes. The experimental results show that the IT2FSVM classifier is able to achieve superior learning capabilities with respect to the uncontaminated samples when compared with the three classifiers. In order to validate the level of robustness of the IT2FSVM, the original EEG samples are contaminated with Gaussian white noise at levels of 0.05, 0.1, 0.2 and 0.5. The simulation results show that the IT2FSVM classifier outperforms the traditional classifiers under the original dataset and also shows a high level of robustness when compared to the traditional classifiers with white Gaussian noise applied to it.

Elbadawi, C, Tran, TT, Kolíbal, M, Šikola, T, Scott, J, Cai, Q, Li, LH, Taniguchi, T, Watanabe, K, Toth, M, Aharonovich, I & Lobo, C 2016, 'Electron beam directed etching of hexagonal boron nitride', Nanoscale, vol. 8, no. 36, pp. 16182-16186.
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© 2016 The Royal Society of Chemistry. Hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) is a wide bandgap van der Waals material with unique optical properties that make it attractive for two dimensional (2D) photonic and optoelectronic devices. However, broad deployment and exploitation of hBN is limited by alack of suitable material and device processing and nano prototyping techniques. Here we present a high resolution, single step electron beam technique for chemical dry etching of hBN. Etching is achieved using H2O as a precursor gas, at both room temperature and elevated hBN temperatures. The technique enables damage-free, nano scale, iterative patterning of supported and suspended 2D hBN, thus opening the door to facile fabrication of hBN-based 2D heterostructures and devices.

Elias, J, Martignon, F, Chen, L & Krunz, M 2016, 'Distributed Spectrum Management in TV White Space Networks', IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology, vol. 66, no. 5, pp. 1-1.
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© 2016 IEEE. We investigate the distributed spectrummanagement problem in opportunistic TV white space (TVWS) systems using a game theoretical approach that accounts for adjacent-channel interference and spatial reuse. TV band devices (TVBDs) compete to access idle TV channels and select channel "blocks" that optimize an objective function. This function provides a tradeoff between the achieved rate and a cost factor that depends on the interference between TVBDs.We consider practical cases where contiguous or noncontiguous channels can be accessed by TVBDs, imposing realistic constraints on the maximum frequency span between the aggregated/bonded channels. We show that under general conditions, the proposed TVWS management games admit a potential function. Accordingly, a "best response" strategy allows us to determine the spectrum assignment of all players. This algorithm is shown to converge in a few iterations to a Nash equilibrium. Furthermore, we propose an effective algorithm based on Imitation dynamics, where a TVBD probabilistically imitates successful selection strategies of other TVBDs in order to improve its objective function. Numerical results show that our game theoretical framework provides a very effective tradeoff (close to optimal, centralized spectrum allocations) between efficient TV spectrum use and reduction of interference between TVBDs.

Elizabeth Tome, M & Vassallo, AM 2016, 'The effect of individual and communal electricity generation, consumption and storage on urban community renewable energy networks (CREN): An Australian case study', International Journal of Sustainable Energy Planning and Management, vol. 11, pp. 15-32.
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Community Renewable Energy Networks, in which households and businesses in a local community share energy resources, are an attractive platform for optimising renewable energy use and reducing dependence on the wider electricity grid. However, the optimal use of local power generation and energy storage is critically dependent on the load characteristics and location of the community. In this work we compare the simulated energy generation, consumption and independence of two model developments in Melbourne and Sydney. The analysis looks at 6 basic scenarios, from the default grid dependence through to a community approach with both individual and communal photovoltaic (PV) generation and battery energy storage. The results show that a combination of household and community owned PV and storage can reduce grid electricity import by up to 93% for Melbourne and 96% for Sydney, but that neither development could independently meet all its power requirements without shortfall. The shortfall arises during the winter months when PV generation is at its lowest, and no practical amount of energy storage can mitigate this. Interestingly, Melbourne, which is at a higher latitude than Sydney and receives less solar insolation, achieves more months of grid independence than Sydney.

Elliott, J & Lal, S 2016, 'Blood Pressure, Sleep Quality and Fatigue in Shift Working Police Officers: Effects of a Twelve Hour Roster System on Cardiovascular and Sleep Health', International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, vol. 13, no. 2, pp. 172-172.
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Entezari, A, Fang, J, Sue, A, Zhang, Z, Swain, MV & Li, Q 2016, 'Yielding behaviors of polymeric scaffolds with implications to tissue engineering', Materials Letters, vol. 184, pp. 108-111.
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Entezari, A, Roohani-Esfahani, S-I, Zhang, Z, Zreiqat, H, Dunstan, CR & Li, Q 2016, 'Fracture behaviors of ceramic tissue scaffolds for load bearing applications', Scientific Reports, vol. 6, no. 1.
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AbstractHealing large bone defects, especially in weight-bearing locations, remains a challenge using available synthetic ceramic scaffolds. Manufactured as a scaffold using 3D printing technology, Sr-HT-Gahnite at high porosity (66%) had demonstrated significantly improved compressive strength (53 ± 9 MPa) and toughness. Nevertheless, the main concern of ceramic scaffolds in general remains to be their inherent brittleness and low fracture strength in load bearing applications. Therefore, it is crucial to establish a robust numerical framework for predicting fracture strengths of such scaffolds. Since crack initiation and propagation plays a critical role on the fracture strength of ceramic structures, we employed extended finite element method (XFEM) to predict fracture behaviors of Sr-HT-Gahnite scaffolds. The correlation between experimental and numerical results proved the superiority of XFEM for quantifying fracture strength of scaffolds over conventional FEM. In addition to computer aided design (CAD) based modeling analyses, XFEM was conducted on micro-computed tomography (μCT) based models for fabricated scaffolds, which took into account the geometric variations induced by the fabrication process. Fracture strengths and crack paths predicted by the μCT-based XFEM analyses correlated well with relevant experimental results. The study provided an effective means for the prediction of fracture strength of porous ceramic structures, thereby facilitating design optimization of scaffolds.

Erami, Z, Herrmann, D, Warren, SC, Nobis, M, McGhee, EJ, Lucas, MC, Leung, W, Reischmann, N, Mrowinska, A, Schwarz, JP, Kadir, S, Conway, JRW, Vennin, C, Karim, SA, Campbell, AD, Gallego-Ortega, D, Magenau, A, Murphy, KJ, Ridgway, RA, Law, AM, Walters, SN, Grey, ST, Croucher, DR, Zhang, L, Herzog, H, Hardeman, EC, Gunning, PW, Ormandy, CJ, Evans, TRJ, Strathdee, D, Sansom, OJ, Morton, JP, Anderson, KI & Timpson, P 2016, 'Intravital FRAP Imaging using an E-cadherin-GFP Mouse Reveals Disease- and Drug-Dependent Dynamic Regulation of Cell-Cell Junctions in Live Tissue', Cell Reports, vol. 14, no. 1, pp. 152-167.
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Erfani, SS, Blount, Y & Abedin, B 2016, 'The influence of health-specific social network site use on the psychological well-being of cancer-affected people', JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL INFORMATICS ASSOCIATION, vol. 23, no. 3, pp. 467-476.
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Erkmen, RE, Saleh, A & Afnani, A 2016, 'INCORPORATING LOCAL EFFECTS IN THE PREDICTOR STEP OF THE ITERATIVE GLOBAL-LOCAL ANALYSIS OF BEAMS', INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR MULTISCALE COMPUTATIONAL ENGINEERING, vol. 14, no. 5, pp. 455-477.
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The aim of the study is to develop a stiffness modification technique that considers the effects of local deformations/damages within the predictor step of iterative global-local analysis. The procedure is based on internal springs introduced in a beam element formulation whose constants are obtained according to the force vs. displacement results of the global-local analysis. Within the beam element formulation, strong discontinuities are introduced in the form of an internal enrichment considering additional local degrees of freedom associated with the deformations of local springs. Determination of the spring constants introduced in this study is an inverse problem, as given independent end-displacements and end-forces, corresponding spring stiffness terms are sought. Discussions on the heuristic nature of this problem are included and a regularization option is introduced to give rise to a unique solution for the problem. Nevertheless, it is shown that by using the proposed approach the number of iterations can be significantly reduced within the iterative global-local analysis algorithm. In the corrector step of the global-local analysis a local membrane finite element model is used to obtain the internal stress field.

Fabian, J, Opitz, D, Althoff, K, Lodrini, M, Hero, B, Volland, R, Beckers, A, de Preter, K, Decock, A, Patil, N, Abba, M, Kopp-Schneider, A, Astrahantseff, K, Wünschel, J, Pfeil, S, Ercu, M, Künkele, A, Hu, J, Thole, T, Schweizer, L, Mechtersheimer, G, Carter, D, Cheung, BB, Popanda, O, von Deimling, A, Koster, J, Versteeg, R, Schwab, M, Marshall, GM, Speleman, F, Erb, U, Zoeller, M, Allgayer, H, Simon, T, Fischer, M, Kulozik, AE, Eggert, A, Witt, O, Schulte, JH & Deubzer, HE 2016, 'MYCN and HDAC5 transcriptionally repress CD9 to trigger invasion and metastasis in neuroblastoma', Oncotarget, vol. 7, no. 41, pp. 66344-66359.
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Fadavi Boostani, A, Tahamtan, S, Yazdani, S, Khosroshahi, RA, Wei, D, Sahamirad, H, Zhang, XM & Jiang, ZY 2016, 'Graphene tweaking Hamaker constant of SiC nanoparticles: A new horizon to solve the conflict between strengthening and toughening', Scripta Materialia, vol. 118, pp. 65-69.
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Fadavi Boostani, A, Taherzadeh Mousavian, R, Tahamtan, S, Yazdani, S, Azari Khosroshahi, R, Wei, D, Xu, J, Zhang, X & Jiang, ZY 2016, 'Solvothermal-assisted graphene encapsulation of SiC nanoparticles: A new horizon toward toughening aluminium matrix nanocomposites', Materials Science and Engineering: A, vol. 653, pp. 99-107.
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Faed, A, Chang, E, Saberi, M, Hussain, OK & Azadeh, A 2016, 'Intelligent customer complaint handling utilising principal component and data envelopment analysis (PDA)', Applied Soft Computing, vol. 47, pp. 614-630.
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Fahad, FA & Sohaib, O 2016, 'Enhancing innovative capability and sustainability of Saudi firms', Sustainability (Switzerland), vol. 8, no. 12, pp. 1-16.
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© 2016 by the author. The Saudi Arabian government has recognised the need for an alternative path to national development in the form of a knowledge-based economy (KBE). One of the key drivers of a knowledge-based economy KBE is innovation. Therefore, to achieve this aim, it is important to understand the various factors affecting organisational innovation capability and sustainability. This empirical research study was conducted to provide a better understanding of the interrelationships among the key constructs, socio-technical factors, diffusion of innovation, and knowledge-sharing process towards Saudi organisational innovation capability. The results offer a number of implications, which are beneficial towards the adoption of the knowledge-based economy seeking to enhance the Saudi organisations towards enriching the organisational innovation capability and sustainability.

Fan, J, Zhang, J, Guo, W, Liang, S & Wu, H 2016, 'Enhanced long-term organics and nitrogen removal and associated microbial community in intermittently aerated subsurface flow constructed wetlands', Bioresource Technology, vol. 214, pp. 871-875.
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Fan, J, Zhang, J, Ngo, HH, Guo, W & Yin, X 2016, 'Improving low-temperature performance of surface flow constructed wetlands using Potamogeton crispus L. plant', Bioresource Technology, vol. 218, pp. 1257-1260.
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Fang, G, Orgun, MA, Shankaran, R, Dutkiewicz, E & Zheng, G 2016, 'Truthful Channel Sharing for Self Coexistence of Overlapping Medical Body Area Networks', PLOS ONE, vol. 11, no. 2, pp. e0148376-e0148376.
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As defined by IEEE 802.15.6 standard, channel sharing is a potential method to coordinate inter-network interference among Medical Body Area Networks (MBANs) that are close to one another. However, channel sharing opens up new vulnerabilities as selfish MBANs may manipulate their online channel requests to gain unfair advantage over others. In this paper, we address this issue by proposing a truthful online channel sharing algorithm and a companion protocol that allocates channel efficiently and truthfully by punishing MBANs for misreporting their channel request parameters such as time, duration and bid for the channel. We first present an online channel sharing scheme for unit-length channel requests and prove that it is truthful. We then generalize our model to settings with variable-length channel requests, where we propose a critical value based channel pricing and preemption scheme. A bid adjustment procedure prevents unbeneficial preemption by artificially raising the ongoing winner's bid controlled by a penalty factor λ. Our scheme can efficiently detect selfish behaviors by monitoring a trust parameter α of each MBAN and punish MBANs from cheating by suspending their requests. Our extensive simulation results show our scheme can achieve a total profit that is more than 85% of the offline optimum method in the typical MBAN settings.

Fang, J, Gao, Y, An, X, Sun, G, Chen, J & Li, Q 2016, 'Design of transversely-graded foam and wall thickness structures for crashworthiness criteria', Composites Part B: Engineering, vol. 92, pp. 338-349.
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Fang, J, Gao, Y, Sun, G, Xu, C & Li, Q 2016, 'Multiobjective sequential optimization for a vehicle door using hybrid materials tailor-welded structure', Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C: Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science, vol. 230, no. 17, pp. 3092-3100.
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To achieve lightweight vehicle door, this paper presents a novel design with a hybrid material tailor-welded structure (HMTWS). A multiobjective optimization procedure is adopted to generate a set of solutions, in which the door stiffness and mass are taken as objective functions, and the material types and plate thicknesses are regarded as the discrete and continuous design variables, respectively. To improve the optimization efficiency, Kriging algorithm is used for generating surrogate model through a sequential sampling strategy. The non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm II (NSGA-II) is employed to perform the multiobjective optimization. It is found that for the same computational cost, the sequential sampling strategy can yield more accurate optimization results than the conventional one-step sampling strategy. Most importantly, HMTWS is found more competent than the traditional thin-walled configurations made of steel or other lighter mono-materials for maximizing the usage of materials and stiffness of the vehicular door structures.

Fanos, AM & Pradhan, B 2016, 'Multi-scenario Rockfall Hazard Assessment Using LiDAR Data and GIS', Geotechnical and Geological Engineering, vol. 34, no. 5, pp. 1375-1393.
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Fanos, AM, Pradhan, B, Aziz, AA, Jebur, MN & Park, H-J 2016, 'Assessment of multi-scenario rockfall hazard based on mechanical parameters using high-resolution airborne laser scanning data and GIS in a tropical area', Environmental Earth Sciences, vol. 75, no. 15, p. 1129.
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Farley, J & Voinov, A 2016, 'Economics, socio-ecological resilience and ecosystem services', JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT, vol. 183, pp. 389-398.
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Farrok, O, Islam, MR, Islam Sheikh, MR, Guo, Y, Zhu, J & Xu, W 2016, 'A Novel Superconducting Magnet Excited Linear Generator for Wave Energy Conversion System', IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, vol. 26, no. 7, pp. 1-5.
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Farzan, P, Izadi, M, Gomes, C & Hesamian, M 2016, 'Malaysia solar energy experience: Intelligent fault location algorithm for unbalanced radial distribution network including PV systems', Journal of Renewable and Sustainable Energy, vol. 8, no. 4, pp. 045503-045503.
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Due to environmental issues and the upward trend of fossil fuel prices, the study of renewable energy (RE) based generation and their effects on the electrical system has become an important part of the government's energy policies and university projects. In RE generation, as solar photovoltaic (PV) systems are modular, silent, and transportable and demonstrate ease of installation, they have attracted a greater amount of attention specifically in those areas which receive considerable average solar radiation per day such as Malaysia. However, connecting solar PV farms to the grid like any other distributed generation (DG) units poses serious issues which arise in the distribution network. This paper presents a novel fault location algorithm based on the recording of short circuit power values at the primary substation of unbalanced radial distribution networks including PV systems. The recorded values are evaluated by a designed and tuned multi-layer feed forward neural network and the fault distances from the source are estimated accordingly. In order to highlight the accuracy of the presented method, the scenario is also repeated by recording the peak values of short circuit current which have been mostly used in the published intelligent fault location studies and the obtained results via two different values are compared with each other. The results reveal that the presented algorithm using a small scale input set is able to precisely locate different fault types in the unbalanced distribution networks including DG units.

Fauzi, H, Metselaar, HSC, Mahlia, TMI, Chyuan Ong, H, Nasruddin & Khanlou, HM 2016, 'Preparation and thermal characteristics of eutectic fatty acids/ Shorea javanica composite for thermal energy storage', Applied Thermal Engineering, vol. 100, pp. 62-67.
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Ferguson, C, Hickman, LD, Lal, S, Newton, PJ, Kneebone, II, McGowan, S & Middleton, S 2016, 'Addressing the stroke evidence-treatment gap', Contemporary Nurse, vol. 52, no. 2-3, pp. 253-257.
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Flynn, A, Dwight, T, Harris, J, Benn, D, Zhou, L, Hogg, A, Catchpoole, D, James, P, Duncan, EL, Trainer, A, Gill, AJ, Clifton-Bligh, R, Hicks, RJ & Tothill, RW 2016, 'Pheo-Type: A Diagnostic Gene-expression Assay for the Classification of Pheochromocytoma and Paraganglioma.', J Clin Endocrinol Metab, vol. 101, no. 3, pp. 1034-1043.
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CONTEXT: Pheochromocytomas and paragangliomas (PPGLs) are heritable neoplasms that can be classified into gene-expression subtypes corresponding to their underlying specific genetic drivers. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to develop a diagnostic and research tool (Pheo-type) capable of classifying PPGL tumors into gene-expression subtypes that could be used to guide and interpret genetic testing, determine surveillance programs, and aid in elucidation of PPGL biology. DESIGN: A compendium of published microarray data representing 205 PPGL tumors was used for the selection of subtype-specific genes that were then translated to the Nanostring gene-expression platform. A support vector machine was trained on the microarray dataset and then tested on an independent Nanostring dataset representing 38 familial and sporadic cases of PPGL of known genotype (RET, NF1, TMEM127, MAX, HRAS, VHL, and SDHx). Different classifier models involving between three and six subtypes were compared for their discrimination potential. RESULTS: A gene set of 46 genes and six endogenous controls was selected representing six known PPGL subtypes; RTK1-3 (RET, NF1, TMEM127, and HRAS), MAX-like, VHL, and SDHx. Of 38 test cases, 34 (90%) were correctly predicted to six subtypes based on the known genotype to gene-expression subtype association. Removal of the RTK2 subtype from training, characterized by an admixture of tumor and normal adrenal cortex, improved the classification accuracy (35/38). Consolidation of RTK and pseudohypoxic PPGL subtypes to four- and then three-class architectures improved the classification accuracy for clinical application. CONCLUSIONS: The Pheo-type gene-expression assay is a reliable method for predicting PPGL genotype using routine diagnostic tumor samples.

Forman, LV, Bland, PA, Timms, NE, Collins, GS, Davison, TM, Ciesla, FJ, Benedix, GK, Daly, L, Trimby, PW, Yang, L & Ringer, SP 2016, 'Hidden secrets of deformation: Impact-induced compaction within a CV chondrite', Earth and Planetary Science Letters, vol. 452, pp. 133-145.
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Forouzesh, M, Siwakoti, YP, Blaabjerg, F & Hasanpour, S 2016, 'Small-Signal Modeling and Comprehensive Analysis of Magnetically Coupled Impedance-Source Converters', IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, vol. 31, no. 11, pp. 7621-7641.
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Foster, SJ, Stewart, MG, Loo, M, Ahammed, M & Sirivivatnanon, V 2016, 'Calibration of Australian Standard AS3600 Concrete Structures: part I statistical analysis of material properties and model error', Australian Journal of Structural Engineering, vol. 17, no. 4, pp. 242-253.
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Frawley, JK, Dyson, LE, Wakefield, J & Tyler, J 2016, 'Supporting Graduate Attribute Development in Introductory Accounting with Student-Generated Screencasts', International Journal of Mobile and Blended Learning (IJMBL), vol. 8, no. 3, pp. 65-82.
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In recent years educational, industry and government bodies have placed increasing emphasis on the need to better support the development of “soft” skills or graduate attributes within higher education. This paper details the adoption of a student-generated multimedia screencast assignment that was found to address this need. Implemented within a large introductory accounting subject, this optional assignment allowed undergraduate students to design, develop and record a screencast so as to explain a key accounting concept to their peers. This paper reports on the trial, evaluation and redesign of this assignment. Drawing on data from student surveys, practitioner reflections and descriptive analysis of the screencasts themselves, this paper demonstrates the ways that the assignment contributed to the development and expression of a number of graduate attributes. These included the students' skills in multimedia, creativity, teamwork and self-directed learning. Adopting free-to-use software and providing a fun and different way of learning accounting, this novel approach constitutes a sustainable and readily replicable way of supporting graduate attribute development. This paper contributes understandings that will be relevant to both researchers and practitioners.

Frost, SA & Nguyen, TV 2016, 'Uncertain effects of calcium and vitamin D supplementation on fracture risk reduction', Osteoporosis International, vol. 27, no. 8, pp. 2647-2648.
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Fu, Q, Kim, J, Gurr, PA, Scofield, JMP, Kentish, SE & Qiao, GG 2016, 'A novel cross-linked nano-coating for carbon dioxide capture', Energy & Environmental Science, vol. 9, no. 2, pp. 434-440.
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Defect-free and cross-linked ultra-thin (sub 100 nm) film composite membranes have been prepared. The membrane materials formed exhibited significantly high CO₂ permeances of over 1200 GPU as well as excellent CO₂/N₂ selectivity of over 40.

Fu, Q, McKenzie, TG, Ren, JM, Tan, S, Nam, E & Qiao, GG 2016, 'A novel solid state photocatalyst for living radical polymerization under UV irradiation', Scientific Reports, vol. 6, no. 1.
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AbstractThis study presents the development of a novel solid state photocatalyst for the photoinduced controlled radical polymerization of methacrylates under mild UV irradiation (λmax ≈ 365 nm) in the absence of conventional photoinitiators, metal-catalysts or dye sensitizers. The photocatalyst design was based on our previous finding that organic amines can act in a synergistic photochemical reaction with thiocarbonylthio compounds to afford well controlled polymethacrylates under UV irradiation. Therefore, in the current contribution an amine-rich polymer was covalently grafted onto a solid substrate, thus creating a heterogeneous catalyst that would allow for facile removal, recovery and recyclability when employed for such photopolymerization reactions. Importantly, the polymethacrylates synthesized using the solid state photocatalyst (ssPC) show similarly excellent chemical and structural integrity as those catalysed by free amines. Moreover, the ssPC could be readily recovered and re-used, with multiple cycles of polymerization showing minimal effect on the integrity of the catalyst. Finally, the ssPC was employed in various photo-“click” reactions, permitting high yielding conjugations under photochemical control.

Fu, Q, Xie, K, Tan, S, Ren, JM, Zhao, Q, Webley, PA & Qiao, GG 2016, 'The use of reduced copper metal–organic frameworks to facilitate CuAAC click chemistry', Chemical Communications, vol. 52, no. 82, pp. 12226-12229.
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A reduced copper metal–organic framework (rCu-MOF) containing Cu^I ions was prepared and employed as a catalyst for ‘Click’ reactions. The rCu-MOF presents higher catalytic activity, good structural stability as well as facile recyclability compared to traditional copper halide catalysts.

Fujioka, T, Takeuchi, H, Tanaka, H, Nghiem, LD, Ishida, KP & Kodamatani, H 2016, 'A rapid and reliable technique for N -nitrosodimethylamine analysis in reclaimed water by HPLC-photochemical reaction-chemiluminescence', Chemosphere, vol. 161, pp. 104-111.
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Gan, C, Yang, Y, Zhu, L, Zhao, D & Zhuang, Y 2016, 'Recognizing an Action Using Its Name: A Knowledge-Based Approach', International Journal of Computer Vision, vol. 120, no. 1, pp. 61-77.
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Gandomi, AH, Sajedi, S, Kiani, B & Huang, Q 2016, 'Genetic programming for experimental big data mining: A case study on concrete creep formulation', Automation in Construction, vol. 70, pp. 89-97.
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Gandomi, AH, Yang, XS, Alavi, AH & Wang, GG 2016, 'A new hybrid method based on krill herd and cuckoo search for global optimisation tasks', International Journal of Bio-Inspired Computation, vol. 8, no. 5, pp. 286-286.
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Gandomi, M, Soltanpour, M, Zolfaghari, MR & Gandomi, AH 2016, 'Prediction of peak ground acceleration of Iran's tectonic regions using a hybrid soft computing technique', Geoscience Frontiers, vol. 7, no. 1, pp. 75-82.
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Gao, C, Huang, L, Yan, L, Kasal, B & Li, W 2016, 'Behavior of glass and carbon FRP tube encased recycled aggregate concrete with recycled clay brick aggregate', Composite Structures, vol. 155, pp. 245-254.
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Gao, C, Liu, X, Liu, J, Guo, Y & Chen, Z 2016, 'Multilevel converter with capacitor voltage actively balanced using reduced number of voltage sensors for high power applications', IET Power Electronics, vol. 9, no. 7, pp. 1462-1473.
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© The Institution of Engineering and Technology. Capacitor voltage balance control has attracted increasing attention in the studies of cascaded multilevel converters and modular multilevel converters. This study proposes a novel multilevel converter topology based on diode clamped half-bridge cascaded converter for medium/high voltage and high power applications. In this converter, capacitor voltage balancing using clamping diodes is achieved. Thus very little capacitor voltage control code has to be executed by the digital controller. Furthermore, only two voltage sensors are required for the capacitor voltage control, and the control scheme can be designed as simple as that of a two-level converter. The phase shifted pulse width modulation (PWM) method is employed for the converter, and a control strategy for the converter utilised as a static Var generator is presented. The proposed converter and control strategy were simulated with PSIM. Experiments were also carried out with a laboratory prototype. Results showed that the proposed converter topology with capacitor voltage balancing could work effectively. The applied PWM and control method were also validated.

Gao, S, Duan, L & Tsang, IW 2016, 'DEFEATnet—A Deep Conventional Image Representation for Image Classification', IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology, vol. 26, no. 3, pp. 494-505.
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Gao, S-H, Peng, L, Liu, Y, Zhou, X, Ni, B-J, Bond, PL, Liang, B & Wang, A-J 2016, 'Bioelectrochemical reduction of an azo dye by a Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 formed biocathode', International Biodeterioration & Biodegradation, vol. 115, pp. 250-256.
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© 2016 Elsevier Ltd Presently there is great interest to develop pure culture cathodes in bioelectrochemical systems (BES) for achieving decolorization/reduction of azo dyes. In this study, we investigated the decolorization of a model azo dye, acid orange 7 (AO7) in a biocathode inoculated with a model electrogenic microorganism Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 (MR-1). The decolorization efficiency of AO7 reached 95.8 ± 4.6%, 86.4 ± 2.0%, and 77.8 ± 1.0% in 46 h in the biocathode fed with lactate, in the biocathode without lactate, and in the abiotic cathode respectively. Thus, enhanced decolorization of AO7 occurred in the biocathode, compared to the abiotic cathode, regardless of the presence of lactate. To further investigate the AO7 reduction mechanism and electron transfer between the electrode and S. oneidensis, the cathode potential was controlled such that hydrogen was not produced. In the absence of lactate, the AO7 decolorization efficiency (78.5 ± 0.8%) and sulfanilic acid (SA) production efficiency (70.9 ± 1.5%) in the biocathode were higher than the AO7 decolorization efficiency (63.7 ± 3.6%) and the SA production (56.1 ± 1.9%) efficiency in the abiotic cathode. This suggests that the reduction of AO7, with electrode as the sole electron donor, was enhanced by electron transfer between the cathode and the S. oneidensis formed biofilm on the cathode surface. This study demonstrated that S. oneidensis enhanced the capture of electrons from the cathode electrode for the reduction of the organic pollutant AO7.

Gao, T, Chen, R, Wang, X, Ngo, HH, Li, Y-Y, Zhou, J & Zhang, L 2016, 'Application of disease burden to quantitative assessment of health hazards for a decentralized water reuse system', Science of The Total Environment, vol. 551-552, pp. 83-91.
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Garcia, JA, Schoene, D, Lord, SR, Delbaere, K, Valenzuela, T & Navarro, KF 2016, 'A Bespoke Kinect Stepping Exergame for Improving Physical and Cognitive Function in Older People: A Pilot Study', Games for Health Journal, vol. 5, no. 6, pp. 382-388.
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© 2016 Mary Ann Liebert, Inc. Background: Systematic review evidence has shown that step training reduces the number of falls in older people by half. This study investigated the feasibility and effectiveness of a bespoke Kinect stepping exergame in an unsupervised home-based setting. Materials and Methods: An uncontrolled pilot trial was conducted in 12 community-dwelling older adults (mean age 79.3 ± 8.7 years, 10 females). The stepping game comprised rapid stepping, attention, and response inhibition. Participants were recommended to exercise unsupervised at home for a minimum of three 20-minute sessions per week over the 12-week study period. The outcome measures were choice stepping reaction time (CSRT) (main outcome measure), standing balance, gait speed, five-time sit-to-stand (STS), timed up and go (TUG) performance, and neuropsychological function (attention: letter-digit and executive function:Stroop tests) assessed at baseline, 4 weeks, 8 weeks, and trial end (12 weeks). Results: Ten participants (83%) completed the trial and reassessments. A median 8.2 20-minute sessions were completed and no adverse events were reported. Across the trial period, participants showed significant improvements in CSRT (11%), TUG (13%), gait speed (29%), standing balance (7%), and STS (24%) performance (all P < 0.05). There were also nonsignificant, but meaningful, improvements for the letter-digit (13%) and Stroop tests (15%). Conclusions: This study found that a bespoke Kinect step training program was safe and feasible for older people to undertake unsupervised at home and led to improvements in stepping, standing balance, gait speed, and mobility. The home-based step training program could therefore be included in exercise programs designed to prevent falls.

Gardner, A & Willey, K 2016, 'Framing the academic identity of emerging researchers in engineering education', International Journal of Engineering Education, vol. 32, no. 6, pp. 2332-2351.
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Our research investigates the developing academic identity of engineering academics within the Australasian Association for Engineering Education (AAEE) community. This paper draws on data from interviews with nine 'emerging' authors with a first degree in engineering, from three types of Australian universities where they discuss their 2012 AAEE conference paper and the peer reviews of their paper. Identity-trajectory was used to analyse interview transcripts by focussing on the various elements of this framework of academic identity development. The findings and discussion focus on those aspects of the reviews and the authors' circumstances that appear to either enable or constrain their development as engineering education researchers. The study finds that authors belonging to a discipline-based educational research group made substantial changes to their papers before final submission and we argue that these research groups support these authors in developing their academic identity as an engineering education researcher.

Gentile, C 2016, 'Filling the Gaps between the In Vivo and In Vitro Microenvironment: Engineering of Spheroids for Stem Cell Technology', Current Stem Cell Research & Therapy, vol. 11, no. 8, pp. 652-665.
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George, L, Gargiulo, GD, Lehmann, T & Hamilton, TJ 2016, 'A 0.04 mm Buck-Boost DC-DC Converter for Biomedical Implants Using Adaptive Gain and Discrete Frequency Scaling Control', IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Circuits and Systems, vol. 10, no. 3, pp. 668-678.
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© 2015 IEEE. This paper presents the design of a reconfigurable buck-boost switched-capacitor DC-DC converter suitable for use in a wide range of biomedical implants. The proposed converter has an extremely small footprint and uses a novel control method that allows coarse and fine control of the output voltage. The converter uses adaptive gain control, discrete frequency scaling and pulse-skipping schemes to regulate the power delivered to a range of output voltages and loads. Adaptive gain control is used to implement variable switching gain ratios from a reconfigurable power stage and thereby make coarse steps in output voltage. A discrete frequency scaling controller makes discrete changes in switching frequency to vary the power delivered to the load and perform fine tuning when the output voltage is within 10% of the target output voltage. The control architecture is predominately digital and it has been implemented as part of a fully-integrated switched-capacitor converter design using a standard bulk CMOS 0.18 μm process. Measured results show that the converter has an output voltage range of 1.0 to 2.2 V, can deliver up to 7.5 mW of load power and efficiency up to 75% using an active area of only 0.04 mm2, which is significantly smaller than that of other designs. This low-area, low-complexity reconfigurable power converter can support low-power circuits in biomedical implant applications.

Gerami, A, Mostaghimi, P, Armstrong, RT, Zamani, A & Warkiani, ME 2016, 'A microfluidic framework for studying relative permeability in coal', International Journal of Coal Geology, vol. 159, pp. 183-193.
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Ghasemi, M, Aghaei, J, Akbari, E, Ghavidel, S & Li, L 2016, 'A differential evolution particle swarm optimizer for various types of multi-area economic dispatch problems', Energy, vol. 107, pp. 182-195.
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This paper proposes a new, efficient and powerful heuristic-hybrid algorithm using hybrid DE (differential evolution) and PSO (particle swarm optimization) techniques DEPSO (differential evolution particle swarm optimization) designed to solve eight optimization problems with benchmark functions and the MAED (multi-area economic dispatch), RCMAED (reserve constrained MAED) and RCMAEED (reserve constrained multi area environmental/economic dispatch) problems with reserve sharing in power system operations. The proposed hybridizing sum-local search optimizer, entitled HSLSO, is a relatively simple but powerful technique. The HSLSO algorithm is used in this study for solving different MAED problems with non-smooth cost function. The effectiveness and efficiency of the HSLSO algorithm is first tested on a number of benchmark test functions. Experimental results showe the HSLSO has a better quality solution with the ability to converge for most of the tested functions.

Gholami, MF, Daneshgar, F, Low, G & Beydoun, G 2016, 'Cloud migration process-A survey, evaluation framework, and open challenges', JOURNAL OF SYSTEMS AND SOFTWARE, vol. 120, pp. 31-69.
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Ghosh, B, Fatahi, B & Khabbaz, H 2016, 'Mechanical Model to Analyse Multilayer Geosynthetic Reinforced Granular Layer in Column Supported Embankments', Procedia Engineering, vol. 143, pp. 387-394.
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© 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. The objective of this paper is to develop a mechanical model to predict the behaviour of a multilayer geosynthetic reinforced granular fill soft soil system improved with controlled modulus columns beneath the embankment. Deformation of geosynthetics embedded granular layer due to bending and shear is considered in this study. Therefore, geosynthetic reinforced granular fill has been idealised as a reinforced Timoshenko beam while the columns and the soft soil have been idealised as a layer of linear springs with varied stiffness. Plane strain conditions are considered for the loading and reinforced foundation soil system. Tension developed in the geosynthetics, rotation and settlements of the improved soft ground are predicted using the proposed model. This study shows the effects of multilayer geosynthetics on the settlement response of the granular layer. A notable reduction of the settlement has been observed as a result of the using multilayer weaker geosynthetic reinforcement system when compare to one stronger geosynthetics layer. It is also observed that the top reinforcement layer is subjected to maximum mobilised tension at the column edge whereas bottom reinforcement layer is more effective in controlling the deflection in the middle of two columns.

Ghosh, S, Feng, M, Nguyen, H & Li, J 2016, 'Hypotension Risk Prediction via Sequential Contrast Patterns of ICU Blood Pressure', IEEE Journal of Biomedical and Health Informatics, vol. 20, no. 5, pp. 1416-1426.
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© 2013 IEEE. Acute hypotension is a significant risk factor for in-hospital mortality at intensive care units. Prolonged hypotension can cause tissue hypoperfusion, leading to cellular dysfunction and severe injuries to multiple organs. Prompt medical interventions are thus extremely important for dealing with acute hypotensive episodes (AHE). Population level prognostic scoring systems for risk stratification of patients are suboptimal in such scenarios. However, the design of an efficient risk prediction system can significantly help in the identification of critical care patients, who are at risk of developing an AHE within a future time span. Toward this objective, a pattern mining algorithm is employed to extract informative sequential contrast patterns from hemodynamic data, for the prediction of hypotensive episodes. The hypotensive and normotensive patient groups are extracted from the MIMIC-II critical care research database, following an appropriate clinical inclusion criteria. The proposed method consists of a data preprocessing step to convert the blood pressure time series into symbolic sequences, using a symbolic aggregate approximation algorithm. Then, distinguishing subsequences are identified using the sequential contrast mining algorithm. These subsequences are used to predict the occurrence of an AHE in a future time window separated by a user-defined gap interval. Results indicate that the method performs well in terms of the prediction performance as well as in the generation of sequential patterns of clinical significance. Hence, the novelty of sequential patterns is in their usefulness as potential physiological biomarkers for building optimal patient risk stratification systems and for further clinical investigation of interesting patterns in critical care patients.

Gill, AQ, Phennel, N, Lane, D & Phung, VL 2016, 'IoT-enabled emergency information supply chain architecture for elderly people: The Australian context.', Inf. Syst., vol. 58, pp. 75-86.
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The effective delivery of emergency information to elderly people is a challenging task. Failure to deliver appropriate information can have an adverse impact on the well-being of the elderly people. This paper addresses this challenge and proposes an IoT-enabled information architecture driven approach, which is called “Resalert”. Resalert offers IoT-enabled emergency information supply chain architecture pattern, IoT device architecture and system architecture. The applicability of the Resalert is evaluated by the means of an example scenario, a portable Raspberry Pi based system prototype and user evaluation. The results of this research indicate that the proposed approach seems useful to the effective delivery of emergency information to elderly people.

Giwa, A, Akther, N, Dufour, V & Hasan, SW 2016, 'A critical review on recent polymeric and nano-enhanced membranes for reverse osmosis', RSC Advances, vol. 6, no. 10, pp. 8134-8163.
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Current and recent advances in polymeric and nano-enhanced membrane developments for reverse osmosis are reported in terms of membrane performance and fouling.

Giwa, A, Akther, N, Housani, AA, Haris, S & Hasan, SW 2016, 'Recent advances in humidification dehumidification (HDH) desalination processes: Improved designs and productivity', Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, vol. 57, pp. 929-944.
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Goldsmith, R & Willey, K 2016, ''It's not my job to teach writing': Activity theory analysis of [invisible] writing practices in the engineering curriculum', JOURNAL OF ACADEMIC LANGUAGE AND LEARNING, vol. 10, no. 1, pp. A118-A129.
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Although writing is still the main form of assessment at university, the prac-tice of writing continues to be marginalised, particularly in technical disci-plines such as engineering, notwithstanding decades of reports identifying gaps in graduate communication abilities in these fields, and diverse inter-ventions to address these gaps. The assumption underlying many of the re-ports and interventions is that engineering students neither value nor are in-terested in writing, but actually many engineering students are not provided with the opportunity to develop or practise disciplinary writing in the sub-jects they study, despite being required to write in a range of genres as part of their assessment. This implies that writing practices are neither seen as developmental nor as intrinsic to the engineering curriculum. This demands the question: why not? This paper reports on a study investigating percep-tions of writing practices in the engineering curriculum at the level of engi-neering academics. Using activity theory to capture the dynamic interactions of the various participants in engineering subjects, the study analyses the perspectives of engineering subject coordinators about writing practices in their subjects through interviews and documents. Current findings show ten-sions between the value of propositional or technical knowledge and that of writing practices. These findings can be used to develop a discussion with engineering academics to emphasise the developmental nature of writing and to make writing practices more visible in the engineering curriculum.

Golsorkhi, MS & Lu, DD-C 2016, 'A Decentralized Control Method for Islanded Microgrids Under Unbalanced Conditions', IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, vol. 31, no. 3, pp. 1112-1121.
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Gong, C, Tao, D, Maybank, SJ, Liu, W, Kang, G & Yang, J 2016, 'Multi-Modal Curriculum Learning for Semi-Supervised Image Classification', IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON IMAGE PROCESSING, vol. 25, no. 7, pp. 3249-3260.
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González, LO, Rodríguez Gil, LI, Martorell Cunill, O & Merigó Lindahl, JM 2016, 'The effect of financial innovation on European banks' risk', Journal of Business Research, vol. 69, no. 11, pp. 4781-4786.
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Gopinadhan, M, Choo, Y & Osuji, CO 2016, 'Strong Orientational Coupling of Block Copolymer Microdomains to Smectic Layering Revealed by Magnetic Field Alignment', ACS Macro Letters, vol. 5, no. 3, pp. 292-296.
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Gourlay, ML, Overman, RA, Fine, JP, Filteau, G, Cawthon, PM, Schousboe, JT, Orwoll, ES, Wilt, TJ, Nguyen, TV, Lane, NE, Szulc, P, Taylor, BC, Dam, T-T, Nielson, CM, Cauley, JA, Barrett-Connor, E, Fink, HA, Lapidus, JA, Kado, DM, Diem, SJ & Ensrud, KE 2016, 'Time to Osteoporosis and Major Fracture in Older Men', American Journal of Preventive Medicine, vol. 50, no. 6, pp. 727-736.
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© 2016 American Journal of Preventive Medicine. Introduction: For older men who undergo bone mineral density (BMD) testing, the optimal osteoporosis screening schedule is unknown. Time-to-disease estimates are necessary to inform screening intervals. Methods: A prospective cohort study of 5,415 community-dwelling men aged ≥65 years without hip or clinical vertebral fracture or antifracture treatment at baseline was conducted. Participants had concurrent BMD and fracture follow-up between 2000 and 2009, and additional fracture follow-up through 2014. Data were analyzed in 2015. Time to incident osteoporosis (lowest T-score ≤ -2.50) for men without baseline osteoporosis, and time to hip or clinical vertebral fracture or major osteoporotic fracture for men without or with baseline osteoporosis, were estimated. Results: Nine men (0.2%) with BMD T-scores >-1.50 at baseline developed osteoporosis during follow-up. The adjusted estimated time for 10% to develop osteoporosis was 8.5 (95% CI=6.7, 10.9) years for those with moderate osteopenia (lowest T-score, -1.50 to -1.99) and 2.7 (95% CI=2.1, 3.4) years for those with advanced osteopenia (lowest T-score, -2.00 to -2.49) at baseline. The adjusted times for 3% to develop a first hip or clinical vertebral fracture ranged from 7.1 (95% CI=6.0, 8.3) years in men with baseline T-scores > -1.50 to 1.7 (95% CI=1.0, 3.1) years in men with baseline osteoporosis. Conclusions: Men aged 65 years and older with femoral neck, total hip, and lumbar spine BMD T-scores >-1.50 on a first BMD test were very unlikely to develop osteoporosis during follow-up. Additional BMD testing may be most informative in older men with T-scores ≤-1.50.

Green, D, Naidoo, E, Olminkhof, C & Dyson, LE 2016, 'Tablets@university: The ownership and use of tablet devices by students', AUSTRALASIAN JOURNAL OF EDUCATIONAL TECHNOLOGY, vol. 32, no. 3, pp. 50-64.
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Tablet devices have made a dramatic impact in the computing industry, and have been widely adopted by consumers, including tertiary students. Published research surrounding the use of tablet computers in tertiary settings appears to be largely centred on the advantages of integrating tablets into university pedagogies. However, there appears to have been very little research into the current level of ownership and use amongst students beyond university-sponsored adoption programs. This paper sets out to provide baseline data on the level of ownership and the current usage of tablets by students at an Australian university. A survey of 200 undergraduate and postgraduate students and interviews with five students showed high tablet ownership and significant engagement with educational uses. The findings of this study have implications for the incorporation of tablets into university education

Gu, X, Li, J, Li, Y & Askari, M 2016, 'Frequency control of smart base isolation system employing a novel adaptive magneto-rheological elastomer base isolator', Journal of Intelligent Material Systems and Structures, vol. 27, no. 7, pp. 849-858.
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In the past decades, base isolation techniques have become increasingly popular for seismic protection of civil structures owing to its capability of decoupling buildings from harmful ground motion. However, it has been recognised recently that the traditional passive base isolation technique could encounter a serious problem during earthquakes due its incapability in adjusting the isolation frequency to cope with the unpredictability and diversity of earthquakes. To address this challenge, a great deal of research efforts have been conducted to improve traditional base isolation systems, most of which focused on hybrid supplementary devices (passive, active and semi-active types) for the isolators to control displacement or to dissipate seismic energy. On the other hand, the most effective approach to address the aforementioned challenge should lay on varying isolator stiffness in real-time to achieve real-time spontaneous decoupling. A recent advance of the development of an adaptive magneto-rheological elastomer base isolator has brought such idea to reality as the new magneto-rheological elastomer base isolator is capable to alter its stiffness significantly in real-time. In this article, an innovative smart base isolation system employing such magneto-rheological elastomer isolator is proposed and a novel frequency control algorithm is developed to shift the fundamental frequency of the structure away from the dominant frequency range of earthquakes. Such design enables the building to avoid resonant state in real-time according to the on-coming spectrum of the earthquakes. Extensive simulation has been conducted using a five-storey benchmark model with the isolation system, and testing results indicate that the proposed control system is able to significantly suppress both the floor accelerations and inter-storey drifts simultaneously under different earthquakes.

Gu, X, Li, Y & Li, J 2016, 'Investigations on response time of magnetorheological elastomer isolator for real-time control implementation', Smart Materials and Structures, vol. 25, no. 11, pp. 11LT04-11LT04.
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Utilising the unique features of MRE materials for vibration isolators has been intensively studied over the last several years. Real-time control of the MRE isolators holds the key to unlock MRE materials' unique characteristics, i.e. instantly changeable shear modulus in continuous and reverse fashion. However, one of the critical issues for the applications of real-time control is the response time delay of MRE vibration isolators, which has not yet been fully addressed and studied. This paper identified the inherent response time of the MRE isolator and explored two feasible approaches to minimise the response time delay. Experiments were designed and conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed approaches on minimising time delay on: (i) the transient response of current of a large coil that generates magnetic field and (ii) the transient response of shear force from the MRE isolator. The results show that the proposed approaches are effective and promising. For example, the proposed approach is able to reduce the force response time from 421 ms to 52 ms at rising and from 400 ms to 48 ms falling edges respectively. Such level of short response time of the MRE isolators demonstrates the feasibility of application of real-time control and hence is the essential step on the realisation of real-time control of vibration suppression system based on MRE isolator.

Gu, X, Yu, Y, Li, J, Li, Y & Alamdari, MM 2016, 'Semi-active storey isolation system employing MRE isolator with parameter identification based on NSGA-II with DCD', Earthquakes and Structures, vol. 11, no. 6, pp. 1101-1121.
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Base isolation, one of the popular seismic protection approaches proven to be effective in practical applications, has been widely applied worldwide during the past few decades. As the techniques mature, it has been recognised that, the biggest issue faced in base isolation technique is the challenge of great base displacement demand, which leads to the potential of overturning of the structure, instability and permanent damage of the isolators. Meanwhile, drain, ventilation and regular maintenance at the base isolation level are quite difficult and rather time- and fund- consuming, especially in the highly populated areas. To address these challenges, a number of efforts have been dedicated to propose new isolation systems, including segmental building, additional storey isolation (ASI) and mid-storey isolation system, etc. However, such techniques have their own flaws, among which whipping effect is the most obvious one. Moreover, due to their inherent passive nature, all these techniques, including traditional base isolation system, show incapability to cope with the unpredictable and diverse nature of earthquakes. The solution for the aforementioned challenge is to develop an innovative vibration isolation system to realise variable structural stiffness to maximise the adaptability and controllability of the system. Recently, advances on the development of an adaptive magneto-rheological elastomer (MRE) vibration isolator has enlightened the development of adaptive base isolation systems due to its ability to alter stiffness by changing applied electrical current. In this study, an innovative semi-active storey isolation system inserting such novel MRE isolators between each floor is proposed. The stiffness of each level in the proposed isolation system can thus be changed according to characteristics of the MRE isolators. Nondominated sorting genetic algorithm type II (NSGA-II) with dynamic crowding distance (DCD) is utilised for the optimisation of the para...

Guan, D, Zhang, Y, Qian, Z, Li, Y, Asaadi, M & Ding, C 2016, 'A Novel 2-D Multibeam Antenna Without Beamforming Network', IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, vol. 64, no. 7, pp. 3177-3180.
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Guan, D-F, Ding, C, Qian, Z-P, Zhang, Y-S, Jay Guo, Y & Gong, K 2016, 'Broadband High-Gain SIW Cavity-Backed Circular-Polarized Array Antenna', IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, vol. 64, no. 4, pp. 1493-1497.
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© 2016 IEEE. A circularly polarized (CP) 4 × 4 array antenna based on substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) technology is presented. Circular polarization is achieved by applying the sequential rotation technique (SRT) with a well-designed sequential feed network and linear-polarized array elements. The proposed 4 × 4 array has a wide axial ratio (AR) bandwidth of 14% from 18.3 to 21.1 GHz with gain > 13 dBic. Then, the array is expanded to achieve higher gains. A 16 × 16-element array is designed, fabricated, and tested. Test results show that the 16 × 16 array has an AR bandwidth of 13.8% from 18.5 to 21.25 GHz and a peak gain of 25.9 dBic at 20.5 GHz.

GUERTLER, MR & LINDEMANN, UDO 2016, 'IDENTIFYING OPEN INNOVATION PARTNERS: A METHODOLOGY FOR STRATEGIC PARTNER SELECTION', International Journal of Innovation Management, vol. 20, no. 05, pp. 1640011-1640011.
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By opening a company’s innovation process, and allowing purposeful collaboration with external partners, Open Innovation (OI) offers several advantages, such as the use of external expertise, shorter time-to-market and reduced failure rates. However, the success of OI projects is directly linked to the selection of suitable partners, who operationally or strategically contribute to reach the goal of the OI project. Despite this relevance of OI-partner selection, methodical support has hitherto been limited — it is either too abstract to be helpful in practice, or too focused on single aspects. This paper presents a methodical approach to close this gap by combining identification and selection approaches from different fields, such as stakeholder analysis, lead-user identification and systems engineering. The methodology was evaluated in an industrial OI-project with an SME from plant manufacturing.

Guertler, MR, Michailidou, I & Lindemann, U 2016, 'How to assess a company’s open innovation situation?', Design Science, vol. 2.
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Open Innovation (OI) supports companies in systematically collaborating with external partners, offering various advantages. However, companies still face several challenges when applying OI, e.g., identifying relevant OI partners, collaboration methods, and project risks. Often, insufficient planning is the reason for subsequent deficits in OI projects. The analysis of relevant context factors (‘situation’) is important, which affect and constrain OI. To date, a general approach for analyzing (open) innovation situations or guidelines for developing one do not exist. Usually researchers develop their own situation analysis, including extensive literature reviews and experiencing similar challenges. This publication sets the basis for successfully planning OI projects. It focuses on developing an analysis approach for OI situations and supports other researchers in developing their own analysis approaches. The resultant objectives of the publication are to: (1) provide a list of potential situation analysis criteria; (2) provide a guideline for developing a situation analysis; (3) provide initial indications of relevant OI-specific situation criteria. The criteria were derived from the literature and qualitatively evaluated by three industry partners to assess their usability. Although this work is exploratory, and the results are not automatically generalizable, it is an important contribution for ensuring the success of OI, and for analyzing enablers and barriers to knowledge transfer from academia to industry.

Gulzar, M, Masjuki, HH, Kalam, MA, Varman, M, Zulkifli, NWM, Mufti, RA & Zahid, R 2016, 'Tribological performance of nanoparticles as lubricating oil additives', Journal of Nanoparticle Research, vol. 18, no. 8.
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Gulzar, M, Masjuki, HH, Varman, M, Kalam, MA, Zulkifli, NWM, Mufti, RA, Liaquat, AM, Zahid, R & Arslan, A 2016, 'Effects of biodiesel blends on lubricating oil degradation and piston assembly energy losses', Energy, vol. 111, pp. 713-721.
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Guntuku, SC, Zhou, JT, Roy, S, Lin, W & Tsang, IW 2016, 'Understanding Deep Representations Learned in Modeling Users Likes', IEEE Transactions on Image Processing, vol. 25, no. 8, pp. 3762-3774.
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Guo, B, Huang, Y, Guo, Y & Zhu, J 2016, 'Thermal Analysis of the Conical Rotor Motor Using LPTN With Accurate Heat Transfer Coefficients', IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, vol. 26, no. 7, pp. 1-7.
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Guo, F, Zhang, X, Wang, J & Ren, X 2016, 'Modeling and assessment of triple-frequency BDS precise point positioning', Journal of Geodesy, vol. 90, no. 11, pp. 1223-1235.
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Guo, J, Peng, Y, Fan, L, Zhang, L, Ni, B, Kartal, B, Feng, X, Jetten, MSM & Yuan, Z 2016, 'Metagenomic analysis of anammox communities in three different microbial aggregates', Environmental Microbiology, vol. 18, no. 9, pp. 2979-2993.
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SummaryThere is great potential to understand the functional diversity of microorganisms that are involved in waste water treatment through metagenomic analyses. This study presents the first metagenomic comparison of taxonomic and functional profiles of the microbial communities occurring in different aggregates from anaerobic ammonium‐oxidizing (anammox) bioreactors. The anammox bacterial communities in both biofilm and granule sludge samples showed relatively high abundance and diversity compared with floccular sludge. Four of the five known genera of anammox bacteria were detected in the three cultures except Candidatus Jettenia, which was absent in the granules. Candidatus Kuenenia comprised the major population of anammox bacteria in these three sludges, independent of their growth morphologies. The genome assembled for the Candidatus Kuenenia in the granule was very similar to the published reference genome of Candidatus K. stuttgartiensis. Genes involved in the metabolism of the anammox process were highly detected in the biofilm and granule sludges. In particular, the abundance of hydrazine synthase gene (hzs) in the biofilm was around 486 times more pronounced than that in the granules. The knowledge gained in this study highlights an important role of sludge aggregate in affecting community structure and metabolic potential of anammox systems....

Guo, J, Wang, S, Lian, J, Ngo, HH, Guo, W, Liu, Y & Song, Y 2016, 'Rapid start-up of the anammox process: Effects of five different sludge extracellular polymeric substances on the activity of anammox bacteria', Bioresource Technology, vol. 220, pp. 641-646.
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© 2016 This study investigated the rapid start-up of the anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) strategy by inoculating different biomass ratios of denitrifying granular sludge and anammox bacteria. The results demonstrated that two reactors (R1 and R2) were rapidly and successfully started-up on days 25 and 28, respectively, with nitrogen removal rates (NRRs) of 0.70 kg/(m3·d) and 0.72 kg/(m3·d) at biomass ratios of 10:1 (R1) and 50:1 (R2). The explanation for rapid start-up was found by examining the effect of five different sludge extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) on the activity of anammox bacteria in the batch experiments. Batch experiments results first demonstrated that the denitrification sludge EPS (DS-EPS) enhanced the anammox bacteria activity the most, and NO2−-N, NH4+-N removal rates were 1.88- and 1.53-fold higher than the control with optimal DS-EPS volume of 10 mL. The rapid start-up strategy makes possible the application of anammox to practical engineering.

Guo, Q, Zhang, Y, Celler, BG & Su, SW 2016, 'Backstepping Control of Electro-Hydraulic System Based on Extended-State-Observer With Plant Dynamics Largely Unknown', IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, vol. 63, no. 11, pp. 6909-6920.
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Guo, Y, Ma, Z, Al-Jubainawi, A, Cooper, P & Nghiem, LD 2016, 'Using electrodialysis for regeneration of aqueous lithium chloride solution in liquid desiccant air conditioning systems', Energy and Buildings, vol. 116, pp. 285-295.
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Gupta, B, Di Bernardo, I, Mondelli, P, Della Pia, A, Betti, MG, Iacopi, F, Mariani, C & Motta, N 2016, 'Effect of substrate polishing on the growth of graphene on 3C–SiC(111)/Si(111) by high temperature annealing', Nanotechnology, vol. 27, no. 18, pp. 185601-185601.
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Gupta, P, Lin, C-T, Mehlawat, MK & Grover, N 2016, 'A New Method for Intuitionistic Fuzzy Multiattribute Decision Making', IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics: Systems, vol. 46, no. 9, pp. 1167-1179.
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Guzman-Quiros, R, Weily, AR, Gomez-Tornero, JL & Guo, YJ 2016, 'A Fabry–Pérot Antenna With Two-Dimensional Electronic Beam Scanning', IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, vol. 64, no. 4, pp. 1536-1541.
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© 2016 IEEE. A novel fixed-frequency electronically steerable Fabry-Pérot Antenna (FPA) with electronic two-dimensional (2-D) (azimuth and elevation) steering capability is presented. The configuration is based on a centrally fed Fabry-Pérot cavity (FPC) loaded with a tunable high impedance surface (HIS). Varactor diodes are used to electronically tune the HIS reflection coefficient, forming four azimuthal sectors that are independently controlled by four control signals, respectively. It is demonstrated that this simple configuration generates a pencil beam that can be pointed to eight discrete azimuthal directions, whereas continuous elevation scanning is also attained simultaneously for each azimuthal direction by controlling the leaky-wave propagation constant. The theory, simulation analysis, and experimental results obtained from a prototype operating at 5.5 GHz are presented to validate the antenna design.

Ha, QP, Royel, S, Li, J & Li, Y 2016, 'Hysteresis Modeling of Smart Structure MR Devices Using Describing Functions', IEEE/ASME Transactions on Mechatronics, vol. 21, no. 1, pp. 44-50.
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© 1996-2012 IEEE. Magnetorheological (MR) devices have been quite promising for semiactive control, thanks to their capability of adjusting structural parameters, under a low-power control signal, to effectively withstand severe dynamic loadings including seismic events. MR devices, using visco-elastic and ferromagnetic materials, are subject to hysteresis, which may degrade the performance of smart structures. Therefore, this multivalued nonlinearity needs to be properly modeled and characterized for control and health monitoring. As engineering structures operate as low-pass filter in normal conditions, it is suitable to use the classical describing function (DF) method for modeling and analysis of the hysteretic behaviors in MR device-based smart structures. Data obtained from characterizing tests are recorded in look-up tables to obtain the DFs for these devices, using a curve-fitting technique. The proposed DFs are then useful in structural frequency analysis. Experimental results are reported for a steel beam with MR pin joints subject to quake-induced vibrations provided by a shake table.

Habibullah, M, Lu, DD-C, Xiao, D & Rahman, MF 2016, 'A Simplified Finite-State Predictive Direct Torque Control for Induction Motor Drive', IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, vol. 63, no. 6, pp. 3964-3975.
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Hagelstein, B, Abolhasan, M, Franklin, D, Safaei, F & Ni, W 2016, 'Analytic Performance Model for State-Based MAC Layer Cooperative Retransmission Protocols', IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MOBILE COMPUTING, vol. 15, no. 1, pp. 32-44.
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COOPERATIVE retransmission is a well-established technique for improving wireless network capacity [1]. Its effectiveness is strongly dependent on the choice of relay selection algorithm, as this determines both the probability of retransmission success and the probability of collisions between simultaneous retransmission attempts. Consequently, relay selection algorithm design remains an open area of research.

Hajializadeh, D, OBrien, EJ & Stewart, MG 2016, 'The sensitivity of bridge safety to spatial correlation of load and resistance', Structures, vol. 5, pp. 23-34.
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Random Field theory has emerged in recent years to model the statistical correlation of resistance in concrete structures and to determine its influence on the probability of structural failure. A major shortcoming in the work carried out to date is the spatial variability and corresponding correlation associated with applied traffic loads. In this paper the influence of spatial correlation of both traffic load and resistance is considered in the context of bridge safety assessment. The current study, explores, the nature of the problem by three theoretical examples. As a general trend, examples show that while traffic loads are weakly correlated, load effects are strongly correlated as the same heavy vehicle often causes extremes of load effect in different parts of the bridge which is due to the transverse sharing of load (measured here using a load sharing factor). It is found that the strength of correlation of load effect depends greatly on the load sharing factor which is treated in a simple way in many studies. In a more sophisticated beam-and-slab bridge example, load sharing factors are derived from a finite element analysis to assess transverse load sharing, and are shown to vary by girder number, girder segment and by load location. Despite the fact that load effect at points along the length of a bridge is strongly correlated, the combined influence of correlation in load and resistance on probability of failure is small.

Hajializadeh, D, Stewart, MG, Enright, B & OBrien, E 2016, 'Spatial time-dependent reliability analysis of reinforced concrete slab bridges subject to realistic traffic loading', Structure and Infrastructure Engineering, vol. 12, no. 9, pp. 1137-1152.
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Resistance and loads are often correlated in time and space. The paper assesses the influence of these correlations on structural reliability/probability of failure for a typical two-lane reinforced concrete (RC) slab bridge under realistic traffic loading. Spatial variables for structural resistance are cover and concrete compressive strength, which in turn affect the strength and chloride-induced corrosion of RC elements. Random variables include pit depth and model error. Correlation of weights between trucks in adjacent lanes and inter-vehicle gaps are also included and are calibrated against weigh-in-motion data. Reliability analysis of deteriorating bridges needs to incorporate uncertainties associated with parameters governing the deterioration process and loading. One of the major unanswered questions in the work carried out to date is the influence of spatial variability of load and resistance on failure probability. Spatial variability research carried out to date has been mainly focused on predicting the remaining lifetime of a corroding structure and spatial variability of material, dimensional and environmental properties. A major shortcoming in the work carried out to date is the lack of an allowance for the spatial variability of applied traffic loads. In this article, a two-dimensional (2D) random field is developed where load effects and time-dependent structural resistance are calculated for each segment in the field. The 2D spatial time-dependent reliability analysis of an RC slab bridge found that a spatially correlated resistance results in only a small increase in probability of failure. Despite the fact that load effect at points along the length of a bridge is strongly correlated, the combined influence of correlation in load and resistance on probability of failure is small.

Hajinoroozi, M, Mao, Z, Jung, TP, Lin, CT & Huang, Y 2016, 'EEG-based prediction of driver's cognitive performance by deep convolutional neural network', Signal Processing: Image Communication, vol. 47, pp. 549-555.
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© 2016 Elsevier B.V. We considered the prediction of driver's cognitive states related to driving performance using EEG signals. We proposed a novel channel-wise convolutional neural network (CCNN) whose architecture considers the unique characteristics of EEG data. We also discussed CCNN-R, a CCNN variation that uses Restricted Boltzmann Machine to replace the convolutional filter, and derived the detailed algorithm. To test the performance of CCNN and CCNN-R, we assembled a large EEG dataset from 3 studies of driver fatigue that includes samples from 37 subjects. Using this dataset, we investigated the new CCNN and CCNN-R on raw EEG data and also Independent Component Analysis (ICA) decomposition. We tested both within-subject and cross-subject predictions and the results showed CCNN and CCNN-R achieved robust and improved performance over conventional DNN and CNN as well as other non-DL algorithms.

Han, J, Zhang, G, Hu, Y & Lu, J 2016, 'A solution to bi/tri-level programming problems using particle swarm optimization', Information Sciences, vol. 370-371, pp. 519-537.
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© 2016 Elsevier Inc. Multilevel (including bi-level and tri-level) programming aims to solve decentralized decision-making problems that feature interactive decision entities distributed throughout a hierarchical organization. Since the multilevel programming problem is strongly NP-hard and traditional exact algorithmic approaches lack efficiency, heuristics-based particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithms have been used to generate an alternative for solving such problems. However, the existing PSO algorithms are limited to solving linear or small-scale bi-level programming problems. This paper first develops a novel bi-level PSO algorithm to solve general bi-level programs involving nonlinear and large-scale problems. It then proposes a tri-level PSO algorithm for handling tri-level programming problems that are more challenging than bi-level programs and have not been well solved by existing algorithms. For the sake of exploring the algorithms' performance, the proposed bi/tri-level PSO algorithms are applied to solve 62 benchmark problems and 810 large-scale problems which are randomly constructed. The computational results and comparison with other algorithms clearly illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed PSO algorithms in solving bi-level and tri-level programming problems.

Han, S, Middleton, PF, Tran, TS & Crowther, CA 2016, 'Assessing use of a printed lifestyle intervention tool by women with borderline gestational diabetes and their achievement of diet and exercise goals: a descriptive study', BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth, vol. 16, no. 1.
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Hanawal, MK, Abdel-Rahman, MJ & Krunz, M 2016, 'Joint Adaptation of Frequency Hopping and Transmission Rate for Anti-Jamming Wireless Systems', IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing, vol. 15, no. 9, pp. 2247-2259.
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Hanh, LTM, Binh, NT & Tung, KT 2016, 'A Novel Fitness function of metaheuristic algorithms for test data generation for simulink models based on mutation analysis', Journal of Systems and Software, vol. 120, pp. 17-30.
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Hanif, M, Mahlia, TMI, Aditiya, HB, Chong, WT & Nasruddin 2016, 'Techno-economic and environmental assessment of bioethanol production from high starch and root yield Sri Kanji 1 cassava in Malaysia', Energy Reports, vol. 2, pp. 246-253.
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Transportation played a significant role in energy consumption and pollution subsequently. Caused by the intense growth of greenhouse gas emission, efficient and sustainable improvement of the transportation sector has elevated the concern in many nations including Malaysia. Bioethanol is an alternative and renewable energy that has a great potential to substitute for fossil gasoline in internal combustion engine (ICE). Although bioethanol has been widely utilized in road transport worldwide, the production and application of bioethanol in Malaysia is yet to be considered. Presently there is comprehensive diversity of bioethanol research on distillation, performance and emission analysis available worldwide. Yet, the study on techno-economic and feasibility of bioethanol fuel in Malaysia condition is unavailable. Thus, this study is concentrated on bioethanol production and techno-economic analysis of cassava bioethanol as an alternative fuel in Malaysia. Furthermore, the current study attempts to determine the effect of bioethanol employment towards the energy scenario, environmental and economy. From the economic analysis, determined that the life cycle cost for 54 ktons cassava bioethanol production plant with a project life time of 20 years is $132 million USD, which is equivalent to $0.11 USD per litre of bioethanol. Furthermore, substituting 5 % of gasoline fuel with bioethanol fuel in road transport can reduce the CO2 emissions up to 2,038 ktons in year 2036. In case to repay the carbon debt from converting natural forest to cassava cropland, cassava bioethanol required about 5.4 years. The cassava bioethanol is much cheaper than gasoline fuel even when 20 % taxation is subjected to bioethanol at current production cost. Thus, this study serves as a guideline for further investigation and research on bioethanol production, subsidy cost and other limitation factors before the extensive application of bioethanol can be implemented in Malaysia.

Hao, H, Hao, Y, Li, J & Chen, W 2016, 'Review of the current practices in blast-resistant analysis and design of concrete structures', Advances in Structural Engineering, vol. 19, no. 8, pp. 1193-1223.
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In contemporary society, industrialization and rising of terrorism threats highlight the necessity and importance of structural protection against accidental and intentionally malicious blast loads. Consequences of these extreme loading events are known to be catastrophic, involving personnel injuries and fatalities, economic loss and immeasurable social disruption. These impacts are generated not only from direct explosion effects, that is, blast overpressure and primary or secondary fragments, but also from the indirect effects such as structural collapse. The latter one is known to be more critical leading to massive losses. It is therefore imperative to enlighten our structural engineers and policy regulators when designing modern structures. Towards a better protection of concrete structures, efforts have been devoted to understanding properties of construction materials and responses of structures subjected to blast loads. Reliable blast resistance design requires a comprehensive knowledge of blast loading characteristics, dynamic material properties and dynamic response predictions of structures. This article presents a state-of-the-art review of the current blast-resistant design and analysis of concrete structures subjected to blast loads. The blast load estimation, design considerations and approaches, dynamic material properties at high strain rate, testing methods and numerical simulation tools and methods are considered and reviewed. Discussions on the accuracies and advantages of these current approaches and suggestions on possible improvements are also made.

Hao, L, Jiang, Z, Chen, Z, Wei, D, Cheng, X, Zhao, J, Luo, M, Ma, L, Luo, S & Jiang, L 2016, 'High Temperature Oxidation of Indefinite Chill Roll Material Under Dry and Humid Atmospheres', steel research international, vol. 87, no. 3, pp. 349-358.
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© 2015 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim. In this paper, the isothermal oxidation of the indefinite chill (IC) roll is investigated by using a thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA) from 550 to 700 C under dry and humid atmospheres. It is found that the oxidation kinetics follow a linear trend and the oxide scale consists of two layers after the oxidation in dry air but three layers in humid air above 600 C. In dry air, the graphite is covered by the oxide scale above 650 C. The water vapor accelerates the oxidation of the matrix and the graphite. The graphite is covered by the extension of the oxide scale above 600 C in humid air. The as-treated samples are examined with SEM and XRD, while the kinetics is based on TGA results. The isothermal oxidation of the indefinite chill (IC) roll (shown in Figure 1) is investigated by using a thermogravimetric analyzer. Results show that the oxidation kinetics follow a linear trend, and the oxide scale consists of two layers after the oxidation in dry air but three layers in humid air above 600 C. The water vapor accelerated the oxidation of the matrix and the graphite.

Hao, L, Jiang, Z, Wei, D, Gong, D, Cheng, X, Zhao, J, Luo, S & Jiang, L 2016, 'Experimental and Numerical Study on the Effect of ZDDP Films on Sticking During Hot Rolling of Ferritic Stainless Steel Strip', Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A, vol. 47, no. 10, pp. 5195-5202.
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Hasan, H, Dang, L, Khabbaz, H, Fatahi, B & Terzaghi, S 2016, 'Remediation of Expansive Soils Using Agricultural Waste Bagasse Ash', Procedia Engineering, vol. 143, pp. 1368-1375.
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© 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Bagasse is a fibrous material remaining after crushing sugarcane to extract its juice; and bagasse ash is produced after burning bagasse. Improper disposal of this material can create environmental problems around sugar manufacturing plants. Bagasse ash, comprising a high percentage of silica (SiO2), is considered as a sensible pozzolanic material with non-reactive behaviour and has potential to be used in road subgrade stabilisation. One of the main challenges for transportation organisations in Australia is to treat subgrades including expansive soils. Expansive soils exhibit significant movements when the moisture content changes, and hence it causes substantial damage to road pavements constructed over these type of soils. Road engineers need to employ materials having acceptable strength, relatively low price and being eco-friendly. In order to demonstrate the potential ability of bagasse ash in curtailing the adverse effects of expansive soils on roads, an array of experimental tests using bagasse ash have been conducted. In this study to activate and improve the effectiveness of bagasse ash, hydrated lime was used and mixed with black soil samples, collected from Queensland Australia. Samples were prepared using different contents of bagasse ash and hydrated lime (0%, 6%, 10%, 18% and 25% by the dry mass of soil), at a ratio of 3:1, respectively. The results of free swell ratio (FSR) test, unconfined compression strength (UCS) and California bearing ratio (CBR) tests are presented for untreated and treated samples after various curing time periods of 3, 7 and 28 days. The outcomes of these tests clearly demonstrate that stabilisation of expansive soils using bagasse ash and hydrated lime not only improves the strength, but also facilitates to cope with environmental concerns through reduction of sugar industry waste material.

Hashmi, RM & Esselle, KP 2016, 'A Class of Extremely Wideband Resonant Cavity Antennas With Large Directivity-Bandwidth Products', IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, vol. 64, no. 2, pp. 830-835.
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Hashmi, RM & Esselle, KP 2016, 'Enhancing the performance of EBG resonator antennas by individually truncating the superstructure layers', IET Microwaves, Antennas & Propagation, vol. 10, no. 10, pp. 1048-1055.
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Hashmi, RM & Esselle, KP 2016, 'Single‐feed low‐profile resonant cavity antenna covering entire Ku‐band', Electronics Letters, vol. 52, no. 9, pp. 683-684.
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Hassanzadeh-Barforoushi, A, Shemesh, J, Farbehi, N, Asadnia, M, Yeoh, GH, Harvey, RP, Nordon, RE & Warkiani, ME 2016, 'A rapid co-culture stamping device for studying intercellular communication', Scientific Reports, vol. 6, no. 1.
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AbstractRegulation of tissue development and repair depends on communication between neighbouring cells. Recent advances in cell micro-contact printing and microfluidics have facilitated the in-vitro study of homotypic and heterotypic cell-cell interaction. Nonetheless, these techniques are still complicated to perform and as a result, are seldom used by biologists. We report here development of a temporarily sealed microfluidic stamping device which utilizes a novel valve design for patterning two adherent cell lines with well-defined interlacing configurations to study cell-cell interactions. We demonstrate post-stamping cell viability of >95%, the stamping of multiple adherent cell types, and the ability to control the seeded cell density. We also show viability, proliferation and migration of cultured cells, enabling analysis of co-culture boundary conditions on cell fate. We also developed an in-vitro model of endothelial and cardiac stem cell interactions, which are thought to regulate coronary repair after myocardial injury. The stamp is fabricated using microfabrication techniques, is operated with a lab pipettor and uses very low reagent volumes of 20 μl with cell injection efficiency of >70%. This easy-to-use device provides a general strategy for micro-patterning of multiple cell types and will be important for studying cell-cell interactions in a multitude of applications.

Hastings, C, Wortley, L, Ryan, R & Grant, B 2016, 'Community expectations for the role of local government in Regional Australia: Meeting the challenges of 'slow burn'', Australasian Journal of Regional Studies, vol. 22, no. 1, pp. 158-180.
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Regional Australia is confronted by specific demographic, social, economic and infrastructure challenges, which we are denoting as 'slow-burn' threats. This article interrogates a recent national survey concerned with the value of local government to Australian communities, focusing upon differences in responses for regional and remote areas compared to those from urban capital cities. Findings indicate that regional and remote residents place more importance on local government delivering services that specifically focus on the long-term development and sustainability of the community than their urban counterparts, particularly economic and community development roles. We argue that this constitutes a demonstration of the different expectations that regional and remote communities have of local government in the face of 'slow burn' in regional and remote areas. Further, we suggest that the relationship between local governments in regional Australia and the communities they serve is usefully conceived in terms of what we denote as 'the close economy' and 'the local state'.

Hawari, AH, Kamal, N & Altaee, A 2016, 'Combined influence of temperature and flow rate of feeds on the performance of forward osmosis', Desalination, vol. 398, pp. 98-105.
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Hazber, MAG, Li, R, Gu, X & Xu, G 2016, 'Integration Mapping Rules: Transforming Relational Database to Semantic Web Ontology', Applied Mathematics & Information Sciences, vol. 10, no. 3, pp. 881-901.
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© 2016 NSP. Semantic integration became an attractive area of research in several disciplines, such as information integration, databases and ontologies. Huge amount of data is still stored in relational databases (RDBs) that can be used to build ontology, and the database cannot be used directly by the semantic web. Therefore, one of the main challenges of the semantic web is mapping relational databases to ontologies (RDF(S)-OWL). Moreover, the use of manual work in the mapping of web contents to ontologies is impractical because it contains billions of pages and the most of these contents are generated from relational databases. Hence, we propose a new approach, which enables semantic web applications to access relational databases and their contents by semantic methods. Domain ontologies can be used to formulate relational database schema and data in order to simplify the mapping (transformation) of the underlying data sources. Our method consists of two main phases: building ontology from an RDB schema and the generation of ontology instances from an RDB data automatically. In the first phase, we studied different cases of RDB schema to be mapped into ontology represented in RDF(S)-OWL, while in the second phase, the mapping rules are used to transform RDB data to ontological instances represented in RDF triples. Our approach is demonstrated with examples, validated by ontology validator and implemented using Apache Jena in Java Language and MYSQL. This approach is effective for building ontology and important for mining semantic information from huge web resources.

He, W & Xu, G 2016, 'Social media analytics: unveiling the value, impact and implications of social media analytics for the management and use of online information', Online Information Review, vol. 40, no. 1.
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Heijboer, M, van, DHE, Bongers, B & Bakker, S 2016, 'Facilitating peripheral interaction: design and evaluation of peripheral interaction for a gesture-based lighting control with multimodal feedback', Personal and Ubiquitous Computing, vol. 20, no. 1, pp. 1-22.
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© 2015, The Author(s). Most interactions with today’s interfaces require a person’s full and focused attention. To alleviate the potential clutter of focal information, we investigated how interactions could be designed to take place in the background or periphery of attention. This paper explores whether gestural, multimodal interaction styles of an interactive light system allow for this. A study compared the performance of interactions with the light system in two conditions: the central condition in which participants interacted only with the light system, and the peripheral condition in which they interacted with the system while performing a high-attentional task simultaneously. Our study furthermore compared different feedback styles (visual, auditory, haptic, and a combination). Results indicated that especially for the combination feedback style, the interaction could take place without participants’ full visual attention, and performance did not significantly decrease in the peripheral condition. This seems to indicate that these interactions at least partly took place in their periphery of attention and that the multimodal feedback style aided this process.

Heitor, A, Indraratna, B & Rujikiatkamjorn, C 2016, 'Small Strain Behaviour of a Compacted Subgrade Soil', Procedia Engineering, vol. 143, pp. 260-267.
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Heitor, A, Indraratna, B, Kaliboullah, CI, Rujikiatkamjorn, C & McIntosh, GW 2016, 'Drained and Undrained Shear Behavior of Compacted Coal Wash', Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering, vol. 142, no. 5, pp. 04016006-04016006.
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Hesari, Z, Soleimani, M, Atyabi, F, Sharifdini, M, Nadri, S, Warkiani, ME, Zare, M & Dinarvand, R 2016, 'A hybrid microfluidic system for regulation of neural differentiation in induced pluripotent stem cells', Journal of Biomedical Materials Research Part A, vol. 104, no. 6, pp. 1534-1543.
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AbstractControlling cellular orientation, proliferation, and differentiation is valuable in designing organ replacements and directing tissue regeneration. In the present study, we developed a hybrid microfluidic system to produce a dynamic microenvironment by placing aligned PDMS microgrooves on surface of biodegradable polymers as physical guidance cues for controlling the neural differentiation of human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs). The neuronal differentiation capacity of cultured hiPSCs in the microfluidic system and other control groups was investigated using quantitative real time PCR (qPCR) and immunocytochemistry. The functionally of differentiated hiPSCs inside hybrid system's scaffolds was also evaluated on the rat hemisected spinal cord in acute phase. Implanted cell's fate was examined using tissue freeze section and the functional recovery was evaluated according to the Basso, Beattie, and Bresnahan (BBB) locomotor rating scale. Our results confirmed the differentiation of hiPSCs to neuronal cells on the microfluidic device where the expression of neuronal‐specific genes was significantly higher compared to those cultured on the other systems such as plain tissue culture dishes and scaffolds without fluidic channels. Although survival and integration of implanted hiPSCs did not lead to a significant functional recovery, we believe that combination of fluidic channels with nanofiber scaffolds provides a great microenvironment for neural tissue engineering, and can be used as a powerful tool for in situ monitoring of differentiation potential of various kinds of stem cells. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 104A: 1534–1543, 2016.

Hesson, LB, Ng, B, Zarzour, P, Srivastava, S, Kwok, C-T, Packham, D, Nunez, AC, Beck, D, Ryan, R, Dower, A, Ford, CE, Pimanda, JE, Sloane, MA, Hawkins, NJ, Bourke, MJ, Wong, JWH & Ward, RL 2016, 'Integrated Genetic, Epigenetic, and Transcriptional Profiling Identifies Molecular Pathways in the Development of Laterally Spreading Tumors', MOLECULAR CANCER RESEARCH, vol. 14, no. 12, pp. 1217-1228.
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Hiai, F, Koenig, R & Tomamichel, M 2016, 'Generalized Log-Majorization and Multivariate Trace Inequalities', Annales Henri Poincare, vol. 18, no. 7, pp. 7-2521.
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We show that recent multivariate generalizations of the Araki-Lieb-Thirring inequality and the Golden-Thompson inequality [Sutter, Berta, and Tomamichel, Comm. Math. Phys. (2016)] for Schatten norms hold more generally for all unitarily invariant norms and certain variations thereof. The main technical contribution is a generalization of the concept of log-majorization which allows us to treat majorization with regards to logarithmic integral averages of vectors of singular values.

Hjerrild, NE, Mesgari, S, Crisostomo, F, Scott, JA, Amal, R & Taylor, RA 2016, 'Hybrid PV/T enhancement using selectively absorbing Ag–SiO 2 /carbon nanofluids', Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells, vol. 147, pp. 281-287.
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© 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. Optical filters can be used to increase solar conversion efficiency in hybrid photovoltaic/thermal (PV/T) collectors by partitioning incident light into two spectra: one desirable for direct electrical conversion and one for thermal collection. This article is the first to present both modeled and experimental results for a spectrally-tailorable, multi-particle nanofluid filter positioned between a concentrated light source and a silicon cell. The nanofluid is composed of suspended core-shell silver-silica (Ag-SiO2) nanodiscs and carbon nanotubes (CNTs) in water. The core-shell particles were specifically synthesized and designed to absorb the majority of the visible spectrum, while transmitting the light which corresponds to the PV cell. The silver nanodiscs strongly absorb visible light with minimal scattering, whereas the silica shell maintains the shape and absorption spectrum of the silver cores. Alternatively, low-concentration carbon nanotube (CNT) solutions were used to enhance absorption (particularly of ultra-violet light) and to provide a comparison for selective filters versus broadband absorbers. Varying dilutions of the Ag-SiO2 nanofluid are compared to solutions diluted with dispersed CNTs. The CNTs enhance the heating rate of the nanofluid with the caveat of non-selective light absorption, which reduces the electrical output. Ag-SiO2 nanofluids (0.026 wt%) increased combined efficiencies by 30% compared to the base fluid filter alone. For a small additional cost of <$1/L of nanofluid, the developed system represents a highly efficient hybrid generator which can be dynamically tailored to meet variable thermal energy and electricity prices.

Ho, L & Fatahi, B 2016, 'One-Dimensional Consolidation Analysis of Unsaturated Soils Subjected to Time-Dependent Loading', International Journal of Geomechanics, vol. 16, no. 2, pp. 04015052-04015052.
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Ho, L, Fatahi, B & Khabbaz, H 2016, 'Analytical solution to axisymmetric consolidation in unsaturated soils with linearly depth-dependent initial conditions', Computers and Geotechnics, vol. 74, pp. 102-121.
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© 2016. This paper introduces an analytical solution for the axisymmetric consolidation of unsaturated soils subjected to constant external loading. The analytical procedure employs variables separation and Laplace transformation techniques while capturing the uniform and linear initial excess pore pressure distributions with depth. Excess pore-air and pore-water pressures as functions of time, radial and vertical flows are determined using Laplace transforms, Fourier Bessel and sine series, respectively. In this study, the consolidation behavior, in terms of changes in excess pore-air and pore-water pressures and the average degree of consolidation, are investigated against the air to water permeability ratio. The effects of radial distance from the drain well on the dissipation rate are likewise highlighted in worked examples. Excess pore pressure isochrones and the matric suction varying with time are also presented.

Hokmabadi, AS & Fatahi, B 2016, 'Influence of Foundation Type on Seismic Performance of Buildings Considering Soil-Structure Interaction', INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF STRUCTURAL STABILITY AND DYNAMICS, vol. 16, no. 8, pp. 1-29.
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© 2016 World Scientific Publishing Company In selecting the type of foundation best suited for mid-rise buildings in high risk seismic zones, design engineers may consider that a shallow foundation, a pile foundation, or a pile-raft foundation can best carry the static and dynamic loads. However, different types of foundations behave differently during earthquakes, depending on the soil–structure interaction (SSI) where the properties of the in situ soil and type of foundation change the dynamic characteristics (natural frequency and damping) of the soil–foundation–structure system. In order to investigate the different characteristics of SSI and its influence on the seismic response of building frames, a 3D numerical model of a 15-storey full-scale (prototype) structure was simulated with four different types of foundations: (i) A fixed-based structure that excludes the SSI, (ii) a structure supported by a shallow foundation, (iii) a structure supported by a pile-raft foundation in soft soil and (iv) a structure supported by a floating (frictional) pile foundation in soft soil. Finite difference analyzes with FLAC3D were then conducted using real earthquake records that incorporated material (soil and superstructure) and geometric (uplifting, gapping and P - Δ effects) nonlinearities. The 3D numerical modeling procedure had previously been verified against experimental shaking table tests conducted by the authors. The results are then presented and compared in terms of soil amplification, shear force distribution and rocking of the superstructure, including its lateral deformation and drift. The results showed that the type of foundation is a major contributor to the seismic response of buildings with SSI and should therefore be given careful consideration in order to ensure a safe and cost effective design.

Holgaard, JE, Hadgraft, R, Kolmos, A & Guerra, A 2016, 'Strategies for education for sustainable development – Danish and Australian perspectives', Journal of Cleaner Production, vol. 112, pp. 3479-3491.
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Hong, H, Naghibi, SA, Pourghasemi, HR & Pradhan, B 2016, 'GIS-based landslide spatial modeling in Ganzhou City, China', Arabian Journal of Geosciences, vol. 9, no. 2, p. 112.
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Hong, H, Pradhan, B, Jebur, MN, Bui, DT, Xu, C & Akgun, A 2016, 'Spatial prediction of landslide hazard at the Luxi area (China) using support vector machines', Environmental Earth Sciences, vol. 75, no. 1, p. 40.
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Ho-Pham, LT, Do, TT, Campbell, LV & Nguyen, TV 2016, 'HbA1c-Based Classification Reveals Epidemic of Diabetes and Prediabetes in Vietnam', Diabetes Care, vol. 39, no. 7, pp. e93-e94.
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Ho-Pham, LT, Hans, D, Doan, MC, Mai, LD & Nguyen, TV 2016, 'Genetic determinant of trabecular bone score (TBS) and bone mineral density: A bivariate analysis', Bone, vol. 92, pp. 79-84.
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Ho-Pham, LT, Lai, TQ, Mai, LD, Doan, MC & Nguyen, TV 2016, 'Body Composition in Individuals with Asymptomatic Osteoarthritis of the Knee', Calcified Tissue International, vol. 98, no. 2, pp. 165-171.
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© 2015, Springer Science+Business Media New York. Greater body mass index (BMI) is associated with a greater risk of osteoarthritis (OA). This study sought to investigate whether the association is mediated by fat mass or lean mass. The study involved 170 men and 488 women aged between 20 and 90 (average age: 55) who were randomly recruited from Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. The presence of knee OA was radiographically diagnosed based on the Kellgren–Lawrence criteria. Lean mass (LM) and fat mass (FM) were obtained from the DXA whole body scan (Hologic QDR-4500). The relationship between OA, LM, and FM was analyzed by a series of multiple linear regression models which take into account the effects of gender and age. As expected, men and women with knee OA were older than those without OA (65 vs 51 year in men, and 64 vs 52 year in women). After adjusting for age, OA was associated with greater FM and percent body fat (PBF), but the association was only observed in women, not in men. There was no statistically significant difference in LM between OA and non-OA individuals. Moreover, after adjusting for age and BMI or PBF, bone density in OA patients was not significantly different from non-OA individuals. Women with OA of the knee have greater fat mass than non-OA individuals, and that there is no significant difference in bone density between OA and non-OA individuals. Thus, the association between body mass index and OA is mainly mediated by fat mass.

Hoque, MA-A, Phinn, S, Roelfsema, C & Childs, I 2016, 'Assessing tropical cyclone impacts using object-based moderate spatial resolution image analysis: a case study in Bangladesh', International Journal of Remote Sensing, vol. 37, no. 22, pp. 5320-5343.
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Hossain, MJ, Mahmud, MA, Milano, F, Bacha, S & Hably, A 2016, 'Design of Robust Distributed Control for Interconnected Microgrids', IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid, vol. 7, no. 6, pp. 2724-2735.
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Hosseinzadeh Adli, A, Karami, C, Zhand, S, Talei, R & Moradi, A 2016, 'Mutations in the Basal Core Promoter and Precore/Core Regions of Hepatitis B Virus in Patients Co-Infected With Human Immunodeficiency Virus', Medical Laboratory Journal, vol. 10, no. 4, pp. 32-39.
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Hou, S, Zhou, S, Chen, L, Feng, Y & Awudu, K 2016, 'Multi-label learning with label relevance in advertising video', Neurocomputing, vol. 171, pp. 932-948.
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The recent proliferation of videos has brought out the need for applications such as automatic annotation and organization. These applications could greatly benefit from the respective thematic content depending on the type of video. Unlike the other kinds of video, an advertising video usually conveys a specific theme in a certain time period (e.g. drawing the audience׳s attention to a product or emphasizing the brand). Traditional multi-label algorithms may not work effectively with advertising videos due mainly to their heterogeneous nature. In this paper, we propose a new learning paradigm to resolve the problems arising out of traditional multi-label learning in advertising videos through label relevance. Aiming to address the issue of label relevance, we firstly assign each label with label degree (LD) to classify all the labels into three groups such as first label (FL), important label (IL) and common label (CL), and then propose a Directed Probability Label Graph (DPLG) model to mine the most related labels from the multi-label data with label relevance, in which the interdependency between labels is considered. In the implementation of DPLG, the labels that appear occasionally and possess inconspicuous co-occurrences are consequently eliminated effectively, employing λ-filtering and τ-pruning processes, respectively. And then the graph theory is utilized in DPLG to acquire Correlative Label-Sets (CLSs). Lastly, the searched Correlative Label-Sets (CLSs) are utilized to enhance multi-label annotation. Experimental results on advertising videos and several publicly available datasets demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method for multi-label annotation with label relevance

Hu, H, Zhao, J, Liu, X & Guo, Y 2016, 'Magnetic Field and Force Calculation in Linear Permanent-Magnet Synchronous Machines Accounting for Longitudinal End Effect', IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, vol. 63, no. 12, pp. 7632-7643.
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© 1982-2012 IEEE. This paper presents an improved analytical method for predicting the magnetic field and forces in linear permanent-magnet synchronous machines (LPMSMs) accounting for both the primary end effect and secondary end effect. So far, the magnetic field calculation of LPMSM in most studies is conducted in Cartesian coordinate, whereas the end effect is neglected by applying periodic boundary. In this paper, to implement the analytical model, a polar presentation of the machine geometry is proposed and the subdomain method is applied to calculate the magnetic field. Then, according to the developed model, the tangential thrust and normal forces are calculated based on the Maxwell stress theory. Numerical results are subsequently obtained by finite-element method and employed to validate the analytical model. Finally, an LPMSM prototype is manufactured and experiments are conducted. The results show that the developed analytical model has high accuracy for predicting the magnetic field and forces.

Hu, L, Yang, Z, Cui, L, Li, Y, Ngo, HH, Wang, Y, Wei, Q, Ma, H, Yan, L & Du, B 2016, 'Fabrication of hyperbranched polyamine functionalized graphene for high-efficiency removal of Pb(II) and methylene blue', Chemical Engineering Journal, vol. 287, pp. 545-556.
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Hu, Y, Gan, C, Cao, W, Zhang, J, Li, W & Finney, SJ 2016, 'Flexible Fault-Tolerant Topology for Switched Reluctance Motor Drives', IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, vol. 31, no. 6, pp. 4654-4668.
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Hu, Y, Wang, XC, Tian, W, Ngo, HH & Chen, R 2016, 'Towards stable operation of a dynamic membrane bioreactor (DMBR): Operational process, behavior and retention effect of dynamic membrane', Journal of Membrane Science, vol. 498, pp. 20-29.
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Hu, Y, Wang, XC, Yu, Z, Ngo, HH, Sun, Q & Zhang, Q 2016, 'New insight into fouling behavior and foulants accumulation property of cake sludge in a full-scale membrane bioreactor', Journal of Membrane Science, vol. 510, pp. 10-17.
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Hu, Y, Zeng, R, Cao, W, Zhang, J & Finney, SJ 2016, 'Design of a Modular, High Step-Up Ratio DC–DC Converter for HVDC Applications Integrating Offshore Wind Power', IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, vol. 63, no. 4, pp. 2190-2202.
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Huang, J, Yin, Y, Zhao, Y, Duan, Q, Wang, W & Yu, S 2016, 'A Game-Theoretic Resource Allocation Approach for Intercell Device-to-Device Communications in Cellular Networks', IEEE Transactions on Emerging Topics in Computing, vol. 4, no. 4, pp. 475-486.
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Huang, K, Kong, X & Sandrasegaran, K 2016, 'Modelling software corrective maintenance productivity using an analytical economic model and simulation', International Journal of Computer Applications in Technology, vol. 54, no. 2, pp. 77-77.
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In this paper an economic productivity model for software corrective maintenance process is presented. The productivity is analytically modelled using economic value of the maintenance process as the output, and the precommitted fixed cost and variable cost as input. The Analytical Theory of Investment is used to model the relationship of the economic value and these cost components. The values of corrective software maintenance process are analysed. A simulation approach is investigated to analyse the influences to the productivity in software corrective maintenance. This simulation approach provided a tool to identify and analyze the optimal parameters in productivity using the economic model.

Huang, K-C, Huang, T-Y, Chuang, C-H, King, J-T, Wang, Y-K, Lin, C-T & Jung, T-P 2016, 'An EEG-Based Fatigue Detection and Mitigation System', International Journal of Neural Systems, vol. 26, no. 04, pp. 1650018-1650018.
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Research has indicated that fatigue is a critical factor in cognitive lapses because it negatively affects an individual’s internal state, which is then manifested physiologically. This study explores neurophysiological changes, measured by electroencephalogram (EEG), due to fatigue. This study further demonstrates the feasibility of an online closed-loop EEG-based fatigue detection and mitigation system that detects physiological change and can thereby prevent fatigue-related cognitive lapses. More importantly, this work compares the efficacy of fatigue detection and mitigation between the EEG-based and a nonEEG-based random method. Twelve healthy subjects participated in a sustained-attention driving experiment. Each participant’s EEG signal was monitored continuously and a warning was delivered in real-time to participants once the EEG signature of fatigue was detected. Study results indicate suppression of the alpha- and theta-power of an occipital component and improved behavioral performance following a warning signal; these findings are in line with those in previous studies. However, study results also showed reduced warning efficacy (i.e. increased response times (RTs) to lane deviations) accompanied by increased alpha-power due to the fluctuation of warnings over time. Furthermore, a comparison of EEG-based and nonEEG-based random approaches clearly demonstrated the necessity of adaptive fatigue-mitigation systems, based on a subject’s cognitive level, to deliver warnings. Analytical results clearly demonstrate and validate the efficacy of this online closed-loop EEG-based fatigue detection and mitigation mechanism to identify cognitive lapses that may lead to catastrophic incidents in countless operational environments.

Huang, S & Dissanayake, G 2016, 'A critique of current developments in simultaneous localization and mapping', International Journal of Advanced Robotic Systems, vol. 13, no. 5, pp. 172988141666948-172988141666948.
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The number of research publications dealing with the simultaneous localization and mapping problem has grown significantly over the past 15 years. Many fundamental and practical aspects of simultaneous localization and mapping have been addressed, and some efficient algorithms and practical solutions have been demonstrated. The aim of this paper is to provide a critical review of current theoretical understanding of the fundamental properties of the SLAM problem, such as observability, convergence, achievable accuracy and consistency. Recent research outcomes associated with these topics are briefly discussed together with potential future research directions.

Huang, S, Zhang, J, Wang, L & Hua, X-S 2016, 'Social Friend Recommendation Based on Multiple Network Correlation', IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MULTIMEDIA, vol. 18, no. 2, pp. 287-299.
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Huang, X, Guo, YJ & Zhang, JA 2016, 'Transceiver I/Q Imbalance Self-Calibration With Phase-Shifted Local Loopback for Multichannel Microwave Backhaul', IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications, vol. 15, no. 11, pp. 7657-7669.
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Frequency-dependent I/Q imbalance estimation and compensation are of significant practical importance to low cost wideband systems with I/Q modulation architecture. To enable multichannel transmission without inter-channel interference, transmitter I/Q imbalance must be pre-compensated to meet stringent transmit mask requirement. In this paper, a simple frequency domain joint transmitter and receiver I/Q imbalance estimation method is proposed for self-calibration of such wideband multichannel transceivers. Using two frequency domain training signals and a phase shifter inserted in the transceiver local loopback channel, the transmitter and receiver I/Q imbalances can be estimated separately. The estimation errors are also analyzed and the mean square error lower bounds are derived. Simulation results are in good agreement with analytical ones. Compared with existing methods, the proposed technique demonstrate better image rejection performance and quicker adaptation to parameter changes, making it more applicable to many wireless systems, especially the multichannel microwave backhaul, for achieving high data rates with high order modulation and wide transmission bandwidth.

Huang, Y & Hong, G 2016, 'Investigation of the effect of heated ethanol fuel on combustion and emissions of an ethanol direct injection plus gasoline port injection (EDI + GPI) engine', Energy Conversion and Management, vol. 123, pp. 338-347.
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Huang, Y, Hong, G & Huang, R 2016, 'Effect of injection timing on mixture formation and combustion in an ethanol direct injection plus gasoline port injection (EDI+GPI) engine', Energy, vol. 111, pp. 92-103.
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Huang, Y, Huang, S, Huang, R & Hong, G 2016, 'Spray and evaporation characteristics of ethanol and gasoline direct injection in non-evaporating, transition and flash-boiling conditions', Energy Conversion and Management, vol. 108, pp. 68-77.
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Huang, Y, Thoms, JAI, Tursky, ML, Knezevic, K, Beck, D, Chandrakanthan, V, Suryani, S, Olivier, J, Boulton, A, Glaros, EN, Thomas, SR, Lock, RB, MacKenzie, KL, Bushweller, JH, Wong, JWH & Pimanda, JE 2016, 'MAPK/ERK2 phosphorylates ERG at serine 283 in leukemic cells and promotes stem cell signatures and cell proliferation', LEUKEMIA, vol. 30, no. 7, pp. 1552-1561.
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Huang, Y, Zhang, Y, Youtie, J, Porter, AL & Wang, X 2016, 'How Does National Scientific Funding Support Emerging Interdisciplinary Research: A Comparison Study of Big Data Research in the US and China', PLOS ONE, vol. 11, no. 5, pp. e0154509-e0154509.
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How do funding agencies ramp-up their capabilities to support research in a rapidly emerging area? This paper addresses this question through a comparison of research proposals awarded by the US National Science Foundation (NSF) and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) in the field of Big Data. Big data is characterized by its size and difficulties in capturing, curating, managing and processing it in reasonable periods of time. Although Big Data has its legacy in longstanding information technology research, the field grew very rapidly over a short period. We find that the extent of interdisciplinarity is a key aspect in how these funding agencies address the rise of Big Data. Our results show that both agencies have been able to marshal funding to support Big Data research in multiple areas, but the NSF relies to a greater extent on multi-program funding from different fields. We discuss how these interdisciplinary approaches reflect the research hot-spots and innovation pathways in these two countries.

Huang, ZL, Jiang, C, Zhou, YS, Luo, Z & Zhang, Z 2016, 'An incremental shifting vector approach for reliability-based design optimization', Structural and Multidisciplinary Optimization, vol. 53, no. 3, pp. 523-543.
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This paper proposes a decoupling algorithm for reliability-based design optimization (RBDO) with high performance in terms of efficiency and convergence, which provides an effective tool for reliability design of many complex structures. The algorithm proceeds by performing a shifting vector calculation and then solving a deterministic design optimization in each step, and eventually converges to the optimal solution. An incremental shifting strategy is proposed to ensure stable convergence in the iteration process. In each step, the shifting vector preserves the information from the previous step, and only an adjustment is made for it through a shifting vector increment. A computation method is given for the shifting vector increment, avoiding solving an optimization problem during the reliability analysis and thus greatly reducing the computational cost of the iteration process. Six numerical examples and two engineering applications are presented to validate the effectiveness of the method proposed in this paper.

Hunt, A, Thomas, P, James, D, David, B, Geneste, J-M, Delannoy, J-J & Stuart, B 2016, 'The characterisation of pigments used in X-ray rock art at Dalakngalarr 1, central-western Arnhem Land', Microchemical Journal, vol. 126, pp. 524-529.
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Husev, O, Blaabjerg, F, Roncero-Clemente, C, Romero-Cadaval, E, Vinnikov, D, Siwakoti, YP & Strzelecki, R 2016, 'Comparison of Impedance-Source Networks for Two and Multilevel Buck–Boost Inverter Applications', IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, vol. 31, no. 11, pp. 7564-7579.
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Hussain, W, Hussain, FK, Hussain, OK & Chang, E 2016, 'Provider-Based Optimized Personalized Viable SLA (OPV-SLA) Framework to Prevent SLA Violation', The Computer Journal, vol. 59, no. 12, pp. 1760-1783.
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Service level agreement (SLA) is an essential agreement formed between a consumer and a provider in business activities. The SLA defines the business terms, objectives, obligations and commitment of both parties to a business activity, and in cloud computing it also defines a consumer's request for both fixed and variable resources, due to the elastic and dynamic nature of the cloud-computing environment. Providers need to thoroughly analyze such variability when forming SLAs to ensure they commit to the agreements with consumers and at the same time make the best use of available resources and obtain maximum returns. They can achieve this by entering into viable SLAs with consumers. A consumer's profile becomes a key element in determining the consumer's reliability, as a consumer who has previous service violation history is more likely to violate future service agreements; hence, a provider can avoid forming SLAs with such consumers. In this paper, we propose a novel optimal SLA formation architecture from the provider's perspective, enabling the provider to consider a consumer's reliability in committing to the SLA. We classify existing consumers into three categories based on their reliability or trustworthiness value and use that knowledge to ascertain whether to accept a consumer request for resource allocation, and then to determine the extent of the allocation. Our proposed architecture helps the service provider to monitor the behavior of service consumers in the post-interaction time phase and to use that information to form viable SLAs in the pre-interaction time phase to minimize service violations and penalties.

Hussaini, SKK, Indraratna, B & Vinod, JS 2016, 'A laboratory investigation to assess the functioning of railway ballast with and without geogrids', Transportation Geotechnics, vol. 6, pp. 45-54.
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Idrees, M & Pradhan, B 2016, 'Hybrid Taguchi-Objective Function optimization approach for automatic cave bird detection from terrestrial laser scanning intensity image', International Journal of Speleology, vol. 45, no. 3, pp. 289-301.
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Idrees, MO, Pradhan, B, Buchroithner, MF, Shafri, HZM & Khairunniza Bejo, S 2016, 'Assessing the transferability of a hybrid Taguchi-objective function method to optimize image segmentation for detecting and counting cave roosting birds using terrestrial laser scanning data', Journal of Applied Remote Sensing, vol. 10, no. 3, pp. 035023-035023.
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Imdadul, HK, Masjuki, HH, Kalam, MA, Zulkifli, NWM, Alabdulkarem, A, Kamruzzaman, M & Rashed, MM 2016, 'A comparative study of C4 and C5 alcohol treated diesel–biodiesel blends in terms of diesel engine performance and exhaust emission', Fuel, vol. 179, pp. 281-288.
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Imdadul, HK, Masjuki, HH, Kalam, MA, Zulkifli, NWM, Alabdulkarem, A, Rashed, MM & Ashraful, AM 2016, 'Influences of ignition improver additive on ternary (diesel-biodiesel-higher alcohol) blends thermal stability and diesel engine performance', Energy Conversion and Management, vol. 123, pp. 252-264.
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Imdadul, HK, Masjuki, HH, Kalam, MA, Zulkifli, NWM, Alabdulkarem, A, Rashed, MM, Teoh, YH & How, HG 2016, 'Higher alcohol–biodiesel–diesel blends: An approach for improving the performance, emission, and combustion of a light-duty diesel engine', Energy Conversion and Management, vol. 111, pp. 174-185.
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Indraratna, B 2016, '1st Proctor Lecture of ISSMGE:', Transportation Geotechnics, vol. 7, pp. 74-114.
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Indraratna, B, Israr, J & Rujikiatkamjorn, C 2016, 'Closure to “Geometrical Method for Evaluating the Internal Instability of Granular Filters Based on Constriction Size Distribution” by Buddhima Indraratna, Jahanzaib Israr, and Cholachat Rujikiatkamjorn', Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering, vol. 142, no. 9, pp. 07016022-07016022.
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Indraratna, B, Kan, ME, Potts, D, Rujikiatkamjorn, C & Sloan, SW 2016, 'Analytical solution and numerical simulation of vacuum consolidation by vertical drains beneath circular embankments', Computers and Geotechnics, vol. 80, pp. 83-96.
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Indraratna, B, Nguyen, TT, Carter, J & Rujikiatkamjorn, C 2016, 'Influence of biodegradable natural fibre drains on the radial consolidation of soft soil', Computers and Geotechnics, vol. 78, pp. 171-180.
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Natural prefabricated vertical drains (NPVDs) produced from biodegradable materials such as jute and coir have some distinct advantages over conventional polymeric prefabricated vertical drains (CPVDs). For instance, NPVDs are not only able to discharge excess pore pressure effectively but are also beneficial to the environment thanks to their biodegradability. However, due to the biodegradability of the natural fibres, NPVDs can sometimes deteriorate too quickly in an adverse environment such as in highly acidic clay, which hampers the dissipation of excess pore pressure. In this paper, an analytical solution for radial consolidation that considers the time-dependent decay of drain discharge capacity is therefore proposed. The solution is applied to an exponential form of reduction of the drain discharge capacity, and then verified with the experimental results obtained in previous studies. The effect of drain degradation on soil consolidation is simulated using a finite element method (ABAQUS) and these numerical results are then compared to those obtained from the analytical approach. In addition, a new and flexible method using a matching factor to convert the parameters from axisymmetric to plane strain models is introduced and applied to radial consolidation. The modelling outcomes indicate a significant retardation of excess pore pressure dissipation due to drain degradation and this suggests the need to exercise caution when using biodegradable NPVDs.

Indraratna, B, Nimbalkar, S & Rujikiatkamjorn, C 2016, 'A critical review of rail track geotechnologies considering increased speeds and axle loads', Geotechnical Engineering, vol. 47, no. 4, pp. 50-60.
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Ballasted railroads are designed to provide high speed commuter and heavy haul transportation. Ballast is one of most important load bearing components of the track substructure. However, it often experiences excessive settlement, lateral deformation and particle breakage when subjected to large dynamic (cyclic and impact) stresses. In addition, tracks constructed along coastal areas often undergo large settlements over soft compressible estuarine deposits, leading to frequent and costly track maintenance. The use of artificial inclusions such as geogrids, geocomposites, shock-mats (rubber) and prefabricated vertical drains (PVDs) are attractive options to maintain the vertical and horizontal alignment of tracks and to curtail excessive maintenance costs. This critical review paper provides a deeper insight to the recent advancements in rail track geotechnology at increased train speeds and axle loads.

Indraratna, B, Nimbalkar, SS, Ngo, NT & Neville, T 2016, 'Performance improvement of rail track substructure using artificial inclusions – Experimental and numerical studies', Transportation Geotechnics, vol. 8, pp. 69-85.
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© 2016 Elsevier Ltd.Large and frequent loads from heavy freight and passenger trains often lead to the progressive track deterioration. The excessive deformation and degradation of ballast and unacceptable differential settlement of track and/or pumping of underlying soft subgrade soils necessitates frequent and costly track maintenance. However, artificial inclusions such as geogrids and shockmats can mitigate ballast degradation and improve track performance. A quantitative assessment of the influence of breakage, fouling, and the effects of artificial inclusions on the shear behaviour of ballast can be performed either experimentally or numerically. Numerical modelling can simulate these aspects subject to various types of loading and boundary conditions for a range of material properties so in this study, the stress-strain and degradation response of ballast was analysed through discrete element (DEM) and finite element (FEM) methods. In DEM, irregularly shaped ballast aggregates were simulated by clumping together spheres in appropriate sizes and positions. In FEM, a composite multi-layer track system was simulated and an elasto-plastic model with a non-associative flow rule was used to capture ballast degradation. These DEM and FEM simulations showed a good agreement with large-scale laboratory tests. This paper outlines the advantages of the proposed DEM and FEM models in terms of capturing the correct stress-strain and degradation response of ballast with particular emphasis on particle breakage and fouling, as well as applications of geosynthetic grids and shockmats.

Indraratna, B, Sun, Y & Nimbalkar, S 2016, 'Laboratory Assessment of the Role of Particle Size Distribution on the Deformation and Degradation of Ballast under Cyclic Loading', Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering, vol. 142, no. 7, pp. 04016016-04016016.
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Indraratna, B, Zhong, R & Rujikiatkamjorn, C 2016, 'An Analytical Model of PVD-assisted Soft Ground Consolidation', Procedia Engineering, vol. 143, pp. 1376-1383.
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Iranmanesh, S, Mehrali, M, Sadeghinezhad, E, Ang, BC, Ong, HC & Esmaeilzadeh, A 2016, 'Evaluation of viscosity and thermal conductivity of graphene nanoplatelets nanofluids through a combined experimental–statistical approach using respond surface methodology method', International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer, vol. 79, pp. 74-80.
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Irfansyah, AN, Nicholson, AP, Iberzanov, A, Jenkins, J, Lehmann, T & Hamilton, TJ 2016, 'Automatic tuning of digitally-controllable positive-feedback OTAs in continuous-time sigma–delta modulators', Analog Integrated Circuits and Signal Processing, vol. 89, no. 2, pp. 469-483.
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© 2016, Springer Science+Business Media New York. This paper proposes a technique suitable for on-chip tuning of digitally-tunable positive-feedback operational transconductor amplifiers in a continuous-time sigma–delta modulator (CT-SDM) with active-RC integrator stages. The work we present relies on phase shift and offset measurement of individual active-RC integrator stages output using comparators to estimate output conductance, DC-gain, and common mode level of the differential output signals. The tuning methodology aims to tune the integrator stages to achieve sufficient DC-gain as required by the SDM. We present experimental results to confirm the correlation of our integrator phase and output offset detection technique with the operational transconductance amplifier (OTA) DC gain. We employ this technique in a tuning process of two digitally-tunable OTA chips implemented in complementary metal-oxide semiconductor 180 nm process configured in a second-order CT-SDM circuit with discrete components. The tuning algorithm results in a measured signal-to-noise and distortion ratio (SNDR) of 46.97 dB, which is close to the maximum SNDR of 47.83 dB achievable across a subset of the digitally-tunable OTA code space. High-speed operation of the CT-SDM and tuning circuitry has been verified through circuit simulations.

Irga, PJ & Torpy, FR 2016, 'A survey of the aeromycota of Sydney and its correspondence with environmental conditions: grass as a component of urban forestry could be a major determinant', Aerobiologia, vol. 32, no. 2, pp. 171-185.
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© 2015 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht A comprehensive survey of airborne fungi has been lacking for the Sydney region. This study determined the diversity and abundance of outdoor airborne fungal concentrations in urban Sydney. Monthly air samples were taken from 11 sites in central Sydney, and culturable fungi identified and quantified. The genus Cladosporium was the most frequently isolated fungal genus, with a frequency of 78 % and a mean density of 335 CFU m⁻³. The next most frequently encountered genus was Alternaria, occurring in 53 % of samples with a mean of 124 CFU m⁻³. Other frequently identified fungi, in decreasing occurrence, were as follows: Penicillium, Fusarium, Epicoccum, Phoma, Acremonium and Aureobasidium. Additionally, seasonal and spatial trends of airborne fungi were assessed, with increases in total culturable fungal concentrations experienced in the summer months. The correspondence between a range of key environmental variables and the phenology of airborne fungal propagules was also examined, with temperature, wind speed and proximal greenspace having the largest influence on fungal propagule density. If the greenspace was comprised of grass, stronger associations with fungal behaviour were observed.

Irga, PJ & Torpy, FR 2016, 'Indoor air pollutants in occupational buildings in a sub-tropical climate: Comparison among ventilation types', BUILDING AND ENVIRONMENT, vol. 98, pp. 190-199.
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Irga, PJ & Torpy, FR 2016, 'Indoor air pollutants in occupational buildings in a sub-tropical climate: Comparison among ventilation types (vol 98, pg 190, 2016)', BUILDING AND ENVIRONMENT, vol. 100, pp. 227-227.
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Irga, PJ, Armstrong, B, King, WL, Burchett, M & Torpy, FR 2016, 'Correspondence Between Urban Bird Roosts and the Presence of Aerosolised Fungal Pathogens', Mycopathologia, vol. 181, no. 9-10, pp. 689-699.
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Irga, PJ, Burchett, MD, O’Reilly, G & Torpy, FR 2016, 'Assessing the contribution of fallen autumn leaves to airborne fungi in an urban environment', Urban Ecosystems, vol. 19, no. 2, pp. 885-898.
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Many street trees in urban areas are deciduous and drop leaves during autumn. These leaves are a potential growing substrate for fungi, which when aerosolized and inhaled, can lead to allergy along with more serious diseases. This investigation assessed the potential contribution of fallen leaves to the diversity of airborne fungal propagules during autumn. The senescent leaves of five deciduous tree species prevalent in urban environments were subject to a manipulative experiment in which their phyllospheric fungi were aerosolized, cultured and identified. Aerosolized fungi were compared with fungi detected from direct observation of the phyllosphere. Thirty-nine fungal genera were identified across the plant species sampled, of which twenty-eight were present in corresponding air samples. Significant differences were observed amongst the fungal genera growing on the leaves of the different trees, however few differences were found in the composition of fungal spores that were aerosolized. The dominant genera that were aerosolized were: Penicillium, Cladosporium, Alternaria, Chaetomium, Botrytis and Trichothecium. Some of these fungi are known to produce allergy and other symptoms in humans. As these fungal genera have been commonly identified in autumn air samples in other studies, it is likely that the phyllospheric fungi present on deciduating leaves contribute to the aeromycota of urban areas.

Islam, MM, Hassan, MH, Kalam, MA, Zulkifli, NWBM, Habibullah, M & Hossain, MM 2016, 'Improvement of cold flow properties of Cocos nucifera and Calophyllum inophyllum biodiesel blends using polymethyl acrylate additive', Journal of Cleaner Production, vol. 137, pp. 322-329.
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Islam, MT, Abdullah, AB, Shahir, SA, Kalam, MA, Masjuki, HH, Shumon, R & Rashid, MH 2016, 'A public survey on knowledge, awareness, attitude and willingness to pay for WEEE management: Case study in Bangladesh', Journal of Cleaner Production, vol. 137, pp. 728-740.
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Islam, SU, Rahman, H, Abbasi, WS, Saha, SC & Shahina, T 2016, 'Numerical investigation of flow past a row of rectangular rods', Alexandria Engineering Journal, vol. 55, no. 3, pp. 2351-2365.
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Israr, J, Indraratna, B & Rujikiatkamjorn, C 2016, 'Laboratory Investigation of the Seepage Induced Response of Granular Soils Under Static and Cyclic Loading', Geotechnical Testing Journal, vol. 39, no. 5, pp. 20150288-20150288.
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Izadyar, N, Ong, HC, Chong, WT & Leong, KY 2016, 'Resource assessment of the renewable energy potential for a remote area: A review', Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, vol. 62, pp. 908-923.
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Izadyar, N, Ong, HC, Chong, WT, Mojumder, JC & Leong, KY 2016, 'Investigation of potential hybrid renewable energy at various rural areas in Malaysia', Journal of Cleaner Production, vol. 139, pp. 61-73.
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Jaber, HS, Mansor, S, Pradhan, B & Ahmad, N 2016, 'Evaluation of SEBAL model for Evapotranspiration mapping in Iraq using remote sensing and GIS', International Journal of Applied Engineering Research, vol. 11, no. 6, pp. 3950-3955.
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Evapotranspiration is one of the major parameter in the hydrologic cycle. Standard measurements of this parameter is quite complex due to various factors such as variation of precipitation amount, spatial variation by latitude and longitude and changes in environment and specific site conditions. Although of this complexity, various methods were developed to estimate actual and potential Evapotranspiration such as Surface Energy Balance Algorithm for Land (SEBAL) method. SEBAL model calculates heat latent flux mostly from remotely sensed data. This paper aims to evaluate the SEBAL model for actual Evapotranspiration estimation in Al-babil city in Iraq using a SEBAL toolbox developed for ArcGIS software. The toolbox was evaluated with two reference actual Evapotranspiration datasets from Al-babil metrological stations. Overall accuracy of (R2 = 0.86) for the first dataset on March and (R2 = 0.85) for the second dataset on September were achieved. The result of this research indicates that the SEBAL model is effective for estimating actual Evapotranspiration in the studied area.

Jamil, S, Jeong, S & Vigneswaran, S 2016, 'Application of pressure assisted forward osmosis for water purification and reuse of reverse osmosis concentrate from a water reclamation plant', SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY, vol. 171, pp. 182-190.
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Jangid, J, Bera, AK, Joseph, M, Singh, V, Singh, TP, Pradhan, BK & Das, S 2016, 'Potential zones identification for harvesting wind energy resources in desert region of India – A multi criteria evaluation approach using remote sensing and GIS', Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, vol. 65, pp. 1-10.
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Renewable energy is considered to be one of the viable options in consideration of intense economic development and increasing energy consumption. With maturity of advanced technologies, economical viable and environmental friendly, wind energy has become one of the fastest growing sources of renewable energy in the world. This study focuses on the combined use of geographic information systems (GIS) and spatial multi-criteria decision analysis for selecting the most appropriate sites for wind-farm development projects. This paper utilized wind speed data over a period of almost 20 years between 1991 and 2010 from different stations to assess the wind power potential sites. The wind energy potential zones were grouped into four categories as “high suitable”, “moderate suitable”, “low suitable” and “not suitable”. The results show that the study area has 12.20% (2787.78 km2) as high suitable, 17.06% (3899.78 km2) as moderate suitable and 11.06% (2528.61 km2) as low suitable. The most potential suitable sites were located in the northwestern (along Osian, Shergargh, Dechu, and Shaitrawa, Phalodi) of Jodhpur district, India. This scientific approach will enable resource managers during planning process to make informed decisions.

Jayawardana, D, Kharkovsky, S, Liyanapathirana, R & Zhu, X 2016, 'Measurement System With Accelerometer Integrated RFID Tag for Infrastructure Health Monitoring', IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement, vol. 65, no. 5, pp. 1163-1171.
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Jayawickrama, BA, Dutkiewicz, E, Mueck, M & He, Y 2016, 'On the Usage of Geolocation-Aware Spectrum Measurements for Incumbent Location and Transmit Power Detection', IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON VEHICULAR TECHNOLOGY, vol. 65, no. 10, pp. 8177-8189.
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Determining the geographical area that needs to be excluded due to incumbent activity is critical to realize high spectral utilization in spectrum sharing networks. This can be achieved by estimating the incumbent location and transmit power. However, keeping the hardware complexity of sensing nodes to a minimum and scalability are critical for spectrum sharing applications with commercial intent. We present a discrete-space l1-norm minimization solution based on geolocation-aware energy detection measurements. In practice, the accuracy of geolocation tagging is limited. We capture the impact as a basis mismatch and derive the necessary condition that needs to be satisfied for successful detection of multiple incumbents’ location and transmit power. We find the upper bound for the probability of eliminating the impact of limited geolocation tagging accuracy in a lognormal shadow fading environment, which is applicable to all generic I1-norm minimization techniques. We propose an algorithm based on orthogonal matching pursuit that decreases the residual in each iteration by allowing a selected set of basis vectors to rotate in a controlled manner. Numerical evaluation of the proposed algorithm in a Licensed Shared Access (LSA) network shows a significant improvement in the probability of missed detection and false alarm.

Jegatheesan, JV, Chiemchaisri, C, Shu, L & Guo, W 2016, 'Special issue on Challenges in Environmental Science and Engineering (CESE-2015)', Bioresource Technology, vol. 210, pp. 1-1.
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Jeong, S, Cho, K, Bae, H, Keshvardoust, P, Rice, SA, Vigneswaran, S, Lee, S & Leiknes, T 2016, 'Effect of microbial community structure on organic removal and biofouling in membrane adsorption bioreactor used in seawater pretreatment', Chemical Engineering Journal, vol. 294, pp. 30-39.
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Jeong, S, Naidu, G, Vollprecht, R, Leiknes, T & Vigneswaran, S 2016, 'In-depth analyses of organic matters in a full-scale seawater desalination plant and an autopsy of reverse osmosis membrane', Separation and Purification Technology, vol. 162, pp. 171-179.
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Jeong, S, Nguyen, TV, Vigneswaran, S, Kandasamy, J & Dharmabalan, D 2016, 'Removal of natural organic matter at the Gunbower water treatment plant in northern Victoria, Australia', Desalination and Water Treatment, vol. 57, no. 20, pp. 9061-9069.
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© 2015 Balaban Desalination Publications. All rights reserved. Advanced treatment processes are vital if organic matter is to be removed from water as efficiently as possible. To produce high quality water that has low concentrations of natural organic matter (NOM), the Gunbower water treatment plant (WTP) in northern Victoria, Australia has implemented a number of processes including magnetic ion exchange (MIEX), coagulation, clarifier, ultrafiltration (UF), and granular activated carbon (GAC) filtration. This research evaluated the efficiencies of these processes in removing NOM employing various analytical methods, namely liquid chromatography–organic carbon detector (LC–OCD) and three-dimensional fluorescence excitation emission matrix (3D-FEEM). In addition, the fouling potential of source water and treated water was assessed using a modified fouling index with ultrafiltration (MFI-UF). Biological stability was also tested using a modified assimilable organic carbon (AOC) detection method. The combination of MIEX, clarifier, coagulation, UF membrane, and GAC filtration resulted in dissolved organic carbon (DOC) being removed (from 6.01 to 0.47 mg/L). Furthermore 3D-FEEM analysis revealed that these treatment processes reduced humic and fulvic-like organics. AOC and MFI-UF decreased from 79.94 μg-C glucose equivalents/L and 46,350 s/L2 in the source water to 4.06 μg-C glucose equivalents/L and 2,057 s/L2 in the treated water, respectively.

Jeong, S, Vollprecht, R, Cho, K, Leiknes, T, Vigneswaran, S, Bae, H & Lee, S 2016, 'Advanced organic and biological analysis of dual media filtration used as a pretreatment in a full-scale seawater desalination plant', Desalination, vol. 385, pp. 83-92.
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Ji, L-Y, Qin, P-Y, Guo, YJ, Ding, C, Fu, G & Gong, S-X 2016, 'A Wideband Polarization Reconfigurable Antenna With Partially Reflective Surface', IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, vol. 64, no. 10, pp. 4534-4538.
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© 2016 IEEE. A novel partially reflective surface (PRS) antenna is proposed, which can electronically alter its polarization between linear polarization, left-hand circular polarization (CP), and right-hand CP. The antenna consists of a shorted annular patch antenna as the source, a PRS structure to enhance the gain, and a reconfigurable Wilkinson power divider as the feed network. Four p-i-n diodes are inserted into each branch of the power divider to change its electrical length. By switching the p-i-n diodes ON and OFF, a phase difference of 0°, 90°, or -90° can be realized at the two output ports of the feed network, hence enabling the antenna to radiate either a linearly polarized signal or left/right-handed circularly polarized signal. A prototype antenna with the biasing network is designed, fabricated, and measured. Good agreement between the simulated and measured results is achieved. Measurement results show that the proposed antenna has an overlapped 10-dB impedance bandwidth and 3-dB axial-ratio bandwidth of 4.7-5.36 GHz (13.1%). The average realized gains are ∼9 dBi/dBic, which remain reasonably stable for different polarizations. The proposed antenna outperforms most of the reported polarization reconfigurable antennas for its wide bandwidth and relatively high gain.

Jia, H, Yang, G, Wang, J, Ngo, HH, Guo, W, Zhang, H & Zhang, X 2016, 'Performance of a microbial fuel cell-based biosensor for online monitoring in an integrated system combining microbial fuel cell and upflow anaerobic sludge bed reactor', Bioresource Technology, vol. 218, pp. 286-293.
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Jia, Y, Liu, Y, Guo, YJ, Li, K & Gong, S-X 2016, 'Broadband Polarization Rotation Reflective Surfaces and Their Applications to RCS Reduction', IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, vol. 64, no. 1, pp. 179-188.
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© 2015 IEEE. A novel broadband polarization rotation (PR) reflective surface (PRRS) with a high polarization conversion ratio (PCR) is proposed, which can reflect the linearly polarized incident wave with 90° PR. The proposed PRRS consists of a periodic array of square patches printed on a substrate, which is backed by a metallic ground. By connecting the square patch with the ground using two nonsymmetric vias, a 49% PR bandwidth is achieved with a high PCR of 96%, which is a significant improvement from the state-of-the-art 29% PR bandwidth. Moreover, the frequency responses within the operation frequency band are consistent under oblique incident waves. Furthermore, another ultra-wideband PRRS with a periodic array of quasi-L-shaped patches is proposed, which increases the PR bandwidth further to 103%. In addition, the designed PRRS is applied to wideband radar cross section (RCS) reduction. Different arrangements of the unit cells of the PRRS are proposed and their effects on RCS reduction are investigated. To validate the simulation results, prototypes of the PRRSs are fabricated and measured. The measured results are in good agreement with the simulated ones.

Jian, S, Hossein Rashidi, T, Wijayaratna, KP & Dixit, VV 2016, 'A Spatial Hazard-Based analysis for modelling vehicle selection in station-based carsharing systems', Transportation Research Part C: Emerging Technologies, vol. 72, pp. 130-142.
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© 2016 Carsharing, as an alternative to private vehicle ownership, has spread worldwide in recent years due to its potential of reducing congestion, improving auto utilization rate and limiting the environmental impact of emissions release. To determine the most efficient allocation of resources within a carsharing program, it is critical to understand what factors affect the users’ behavior when selecting vehicles. This study attempts to investigate the importance of users’ attributes and fleet characteristics on choice set formation behavior in selecting vehicles using a Spatial Hazard Based Model (SHBM). In the SHBM model, “distance to a vehicle” is considered as the prospective decision criteria that carsharing users follow when evaluating the set of alternative vehicles. This variable is analogous to the duration in a conventional hazard-based model. In addition, user socio-demographic attributes, vehicle characteristics, land use type of the trip origin, etc., collected from the Australian carsharing company GoGet are utilized to parameterize the shape/scale/location parameter of the hazard function. A number of forms of parametric SHBMs are tested to determine the best fit to the data. The accelerated failure time model with a Log-logistic distribution was found to provide the best fit. The estimation results of the coefficients of the parameters can provide a starting point for carsharing organizations to optimize their pod locations and types of cars available at different pods to maximize usage.

Jiang, J, Chen, Q & Nimbalkar, S 2016, 'Field Data Based Method for Predicting Long-Term Settlements', American Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences, vol. 9, no. 3, pp. 466-476.
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© 2016 Jianping Jiang, Qingsheng Chen and Sanjay Nimbalkar. The estimation of the long-term foundation settlement in soft soil is very complex, which is attributed to a number of uncertainties associated with various factors, such as: (i) The compressibility parameters obtained in the laboratory from samples of relatively small size that are more homogeneous compared to heterogeneous field sediments in which various soil types may be interlayered at random and may occur without exhibiting any real stratification; (ii) limitations and unrealistic assumptions prevailing in the conventional consolidation analysis. These have often resulted in the large discrepancy between actual in-situ settlements and the predictions from the conventional consolidation models (e.g., Terzaghi’s model). In this study, a field data based method inspired from an observational approach is proposed and validated against a number of high quality long-term field settlement data. Moreover, the corresponding geological soil properties obtained from field and laboratory tests have been presented, with the aim of providing useful practical references for other projects with similar geological profile. Furthermore, the proposed model is compared with existing prediction models. The results show that the newly proposed model can provide more reliable and accurate prediction of foundation settlements compared with other methods established in practice.

Jiang, P, Liu, F & Song, Y 2016, 'A Hybrid Multi-Step Model for Forecasting Day-Ahead Electricity Price Based on Optimization, Fuzzy Logic and Model Selection', Energies, vol. 9, no. 8, pp. 618-618.
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Jiang, P, Liu, F, Wang, J & Song, Y 2016, 'Cuckoo search-designated fractal interpolation functions with winner combination for estimating missing values in time series', Applied Mathematical Modelling, vol. 40, no. 23-24, pp. 9692-9718.
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Jiang, Y & Wang, J 2016, 'A New Approach to Calculate the Horizontal Protection Level', Journal of Navigation, vol. 69, no. 1, pp. 57-74.
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A method to compute the minimum Horizontal Protection Level (HPL) using the test statistic of normal distribution, which will exploit advances in computational power to meet the requirement of Time to Alert (TTA), is proposed to improve service availability. To obtain the minimum solution, two approximations used in traditional algorithms need exact solutions: the distribution of the horizontal position error and the determination of the worst case to ensure that the resulting HPL is able to accommodate all possible bias. This is validated with results such that the optimal solution is achieved with a pre-defined accuracy and sufficient computational efficiency. Also, the new HPL is used to determine if current approximated methods are conservative, where one of the methods does not meet the integrity requirement with given test statistics, error model and integrity risk definition.

Jiang, YB, He, N, Zhou, YZ, Xu, BH & Lin, ZQ 2016, 'Concept and measuring technique of groundwater level in vacuum preloading', Yantu Gongcheng Xuebao/Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, vol. 38, no. 10, pp. 1917-1922.
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Nowadays there are controversial viewpoints on variation rules of groundwater level in vacuum preloading technique due to insufficient analysis of concepts and shortcomings of measuring techniques. In this study, based on the status of the water in soil, the potential energy condition of the groundwater level and the reference datum, the groundwater level in vacuum preloading is redefined as the absolute elevation of a surface where the gravity field hydraulic pressure component of the gravity water in the soil is zero. In addition, two basic conditions, which are required to meet the accuracy criteria of groundwater level measurements in vacuum preloading, are proposed. Then, the water lifting function in filter pipe section and the confining effect in impermeable pipe section, which are two negative effects of the existing measuring techniques of groundwater level affected by the distribution of the filter pipe, are analyzed. Consequently, a sectional type buoy groundwater measuring technique is put forward, including the full outer filter tube installed in the foundation and the built-in partition sectional type buoy water level indicator with the special rubber concave-convex partition. It is a method which can keep sealing while measuring, overcoming the negative effects of the distribution of the filter pipe. This proposed technique is theoretically suitable for measuring groundwater level under negative pressure and sealing membrane in vacuum preloading practice.

Jin, JX, Tang, YJ, Xiao, XY, Du, BX, Wang, QL, Wang, JH, Wang, SH, Bi, YF & Zhu, JG 2016, 'HTS Power Devices and Systems: Principles, Characteristics, Performance, and Efficiency', IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, vol. 26, no. 7, pp. 1-26.
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Jin, P, Wang, X, Zhang, Q, Wang, X, Ngo, HH & Yang, L 2016, 'A new activated primary tank developed for recovering carbon source and its application', Bioresource Technology, vol. 200, pp. 722-730.
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Johir, MAH, Nguyen, TT, Mahatheva, K, Pradhan, M, Ngo, HH, Guo, W & Vigneswaran, S 2016, 'Removal of phosphorus by a high rate membrane adsorption hybrid system', Bioresource Technology, vol. 201, pp. 365-369.
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© 2015 Elsevier Ltd Membrane adsorption hybrid system (MAHS) was evaluated for the removal of phosphate from a high rate membrane bioreactor (HR-MBR) effluent. The HR-MBR was operated at permeate flux of 30 L/m2 h. The results indicated that the HR-MBR could eliminate 93.1 ± 1.5% of DOC while removing less than 53% phosphate (PO4-P). Due to low phosphate removal by HR-MBR, a post-treatment of strong base anion exchange resin (Dowex∗21K-XLT), and zirconium (IV) hydroxide were used as adsorbent in MAHS for further removal of phosphate from HR-MBR effluent. It was found that the MAHS enabled to eliminate more than 85% of PO4-P from HR-MBR effluent. Hence, HR-MBR followed by MAHS lead to simultaneous removal of organics and phosphate in a reliable manner. The experiments were conducted only for a short period to investigate the efficiency of these resins/adsorbents on the removal of phosphorus and high rate MBR for organic removal.

Johir, MAH, Pradhan, M, Loganathan, P, Kandasamy, J & Vigneswaran, S 2016, 'Phosphate adsorption from wastewater using zirconium (IV) hydroxide: Kinetics, thermodynamics and membrane filtration adsorption hybrid system studies', JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT, vol. 167, pp. 167-174.
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Johir, MAH, Shim, WG, Pradhan, M, Vigneswaran, S & Kandasamy, J 2016, 'Benefit of adding adsorbent in submerged membrane microfiltration treatment of wastewater', Desalination and Water Treatment, vol. 57, no. 44, pp. 1-11.
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In this study, the effect of coupling ion-exchange resin (purolite) and powdered activated carbon (PAC) in a submerged membrane reactor was investigated in terms of (i) removal of different classes of organic matter and (ii) reduction of membrane fouling. The degree of fouling in a membrane hybrid system was modelled in terms of transmembrane pressure development and organic removal efficiency using a simple semi-empirical model. Among these three absorbents, PAC was the most effective with higher removal efficiency for DOC (almost 100% reduction of hydrophobic organic compounds). Excitation–emission matrix analysis and LC–OCD were employed for the detailed organic characterisation.

Johnston, A 2016, 'Opportunities for Practice-Based Research in Musical Instrument Design', Leonardo, vol. 49, no. 1, pp. 82-83.
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This paper considers the relationship between design, practice and research in the area of New Interfaces for Musical Expression (NIME). The author argues that NIME practitioner-researchers should embrace the instability and dynamism inherent in digital musical interactions in order to explore and document the evolving processes of musical expression.

Johnston, A & Ferguson, S 2016, 'Practice-Based Research and New Interfaces for Musical Expression', Leonardo, vol. 49, no. 1, pp. 71-71.
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Joshi, RG, Chelliah, J, Sood, S & Burdon, S 2016, 'Nature and spirit of exchange and interpersonal relationships fostering grassroots innovations', The Journal of Developing Areas, vol. 50, no. 6, pp. 399-409.
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Exchange and interpersonal relationships are central to the functioning and sustainability of socio-economic activities, including innovation. Grassroots innovations (GI) are dynamic and relational phenomena that evolve with grassroots innovators’ beliefs, expectations and obligatory relationships for varied resources, and the actualization of their desire to make novel and beneficial products. In this paper, the dynamics of exchange and interpersonal relationships that underpin the GI phenomenon are explored through the lens of exchange theory and the consideration of the psychological contract. While exchange theory provides an explanation for the interdependent and dyadic socio-economic relations present in GI, the psychological contract provides a view on the perceptions and expectations that are embedded in exchange and innovation activities. These two theoretical lenses serve as a foundation for the research to engage with the subjective reality of the grassroots innovators’ experiences. In examining the subjective reality of the innovation experiences of the grassroots innovators; the research thereby discerns the dominant form of exchange and socio-economic structure that fosters GI from ideation to commercial scaling. Through the use of phenomenological exploration and detailed thematic analysis of the innovation experiences of the thirteen Indian grassroots innovators, the research determined the nature and spirit of the relational commercial exchanges that both entail and foster GI. The paper starts off with the discussion of the theoretical foundations of the research. Thereafter, the paper briefly discusses the research methodology and the exchange dynamics present in GI. In assimilating the research findings, the paper enlists the features of exchanges embedded in GI phenomenon and highlights the capacity of relational commercial exchanges in fostering GI. The paper further proposes, through this discussion, an interpretive framework for understandi...

Juang, C-F, Jeng, T-L & Chang, Y-C 2016, 'An Interpretable Fuzzy System Learned Through Online Rule Generation and Multiobjective ACO With a Mobile Robot Control Application', IEEE Transactions on Cybernetics, vol. 46, no. 12, pp. 2706-2718.
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Jupp, JR 2016, 'Cross industry learning: a comparative study of product lifecycle management and building information modelling', International Journal of Product Lifecycle Management, vol. 9, no. 3, pp. 258-258.
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© Copyright 2016 Inderscience Enterprises Ltd. Discrete manufacturing industries have made significant improvements in productivity and management efficiency over the past three decades in part due to the application of product lifecycle management (PLM). This progress has not been matched in the construction industry. As construction firms continue to adopt building information modelling (BIM) and strive to achieve similar improvements, learning from the experiences of discrete manufacturing and implementations of PLM could prove valuable. Based on a review of existing literature, this paper provides a typology for comparing PLM and BIM so as to discuss and associate findings from existing studies. The review of 56 papers contrasts the underlying concepts, objectives, methods and supporting technologies of PLM and BIM. In addition, their intended impacts and criticisms are also explored. Discussion centres on elucidating the differences and similarities between PLM and BIM relative to the unique characteristics of their application domains. The paper shows that whilst the differences are significant, their similarities merit further research into the transfer of lessons learned.

Jupp, JR & Singh, V 2016, 'A PLM perspective of BIM research initiatives', International Journal of Product Lifecycle Management, vol. 9, no. 3, pp. 180-197.

Kabir, MI, Samali, B & Shrestha, R 2016, 'Fracture Properties of CFRP–Concrete Bond Subjected to Three Environmental Conditions', Journal of Composites for Construction, vol. 20, no. 4, pp. 04016010-04016010.
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Kabir, MI, Shrestha, R & Samali, B 2016, 'Effects of applied environmental conditions on the pull-out strengths of CFRP-concrete bond', Construction and Building Materials, vol. 114, pp. 817-830.
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Kaiwartya, O, Abdullah, AH, Cao, Y, Altameem, A, Prasad, M, Lin, CT & Liu, X 2016, 'Internet of Vehicles: Motivation, Layered Architecture, Network Model, Challenges, and Future Aspects', IEEE Access, vol. 4, pp. 5356-5373.
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© 2013 IEEE. Internet of Things is smartly changing various existing research areas into new themes, including smart health, smart home, smart industry, and smart transport. Relying on the basis of 'smart transport,' Internet of Vehicles (IoV) is evolving as a new theme of research and development from vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs). This paper presents a comprehensive framework of IoV with emphasis on layered architecture, protocol stack, network model, challenges, and future aspects. Specifically, following the background on the evolution of VANETs and motivation on IoV an overview of IoV is presented as the heterogeneous vehicular networks. The IoV includes five types of vehicular communications, namely, vehicle-to-vehicle, vehicle-to-roadside, vehicle-to-infrastructure of cellular networks, vehicle-to-personal devices, and vehicle-to-sensors. A five layered architecture of IoV is proposed considering functionalities and representations of each layer. A protocol stack for the layered architecture is structured considering management, operational, and security planes. A network model of IoV is proposed based on the three network elements, including cloud, connection, and client. The benefits of the design and development of IoV are highlighted by performing a qualitative comparison between IoV and VANETs. Finally, the challenges ahead for realizing IoV are discussed and future aspects of IoV are envisioned.

Kalam, MA, Rashed, MM, Imdadul, HK & Masjuki, HH 2016, 'Property development of fatty acid methyl ester from waste coconut oil as engine fuel', Industrial Crops and Products, vol. 87, pp. 333-339.
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Kalaruban, M, Loganathan, P, Shim, WG, Kandasamy, J, Naidu, G, Nguyen, TV & Vigneswaran, S 2016, 'Removing nitrate from water using iron-modified Dowex 21K XLT ion exchange resin: Batch and fluidised-bed adsorption studies', Separation and Purification Technology, vol. 158, pp. 62-70.
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© 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. Elevated concentrations of nitrate in surface waters can cause eutrophication, while in drinking water they pose a threat to human health, especially causing blue baby syndrome in infants. An anion exchange resin - Dowex 21K XLT - was surface modified by incorporating Fe (Dowex-Fe) and tested to remove nitrate from aqueous solutions in batch and fluidised-bed adsorption experiments. Solution pH in the 4.0-7.5 range had no effect on nitrate adsorption. The adsorption data at pH 6.5 fitted well to the Langmuir model with maximum adsorption capacities of 27.6 mg N/g, and 75.3 mg N/g for Dowex and Dowex-Fe resins, respectively. Energy dispersion spectrometry and zeta potential measurements indicated that the increase in adsorption due to Fe impregnation was caused by additional surface positive charges induced on the resin by Fe. In both batch and fluidised-bed experiments, nitrate adsorption capacity declined markedly when sulphate was added, but phosphate and chloride additions had little effect. Batch kinetic data fitted well to the pseudo-first, pseudo-second and homogeneous surface diffusion models. Data from the fluidised-bed experiments satisfactorily fitted to the Thomas and plug-flow models. More than 95% of adsorbed nitrate was desorbed by 1 M KCl in all three adsorption/desorption cycles and the resins were successfully regenerated in each cycle with little reduction in adsorption capacity. No significant reduction in the Fe content of Dowex-Fe occurred during the regeneration.

Kalaruban, M, Loganathan, P, Shim, WG, Kandasamy, J, Ngo, HH & Vigneswaran, S 2016, 'Enhanced removal of nitrate from water using amine-grafted agricultural wastes', SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT, vol. 565, pp. 503-510.
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Kalhori, H, Ye, L, Mustapha, S, Li, J & Li, B 2016, 'Reconstruction and Analysis of Impact Forces on a Steel-Beam-Reinforced Concrete Deck', Experimental Mechanics, vol. 56, no. 9, pp. 1547-1558.
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Kamal, S & Arefin, MS 2016, 'Impact analysis of facebook in family bonding', Social Network Analysis and Mining, vol. 6, no. 1.
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Kamal, S, Ripon, SH, Dey, N, Ashour, AS & Santhi, V 2016, 'A MapReduce approach to diminish imbalance parameters for big deoxyribonucleic acid dataset', Computer Methods and Programs in Biomedicine, vol. 131, pp. 191-206.
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Kamaleswaran, R & McGregor, C 2016, 'A Review of Visual Representations of Physiologic Data', JMIR Medical Informatics, vol. 4, no. 4, pp. e31-e31.
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Background: Physiological data is derived from electrodes attached directly to patients. Modern patient monitors are capable of sampling data at frequencies in the range of several million bits every hour. Hence the potential for cognitive threat arising from information overload and diminished situational awareness becomes increasingly relevant. A systematic review was conducted to identify novel visual representations of physiologic data that address cognitive, analytic, and monitoring requirements in critical care environments. Objective: The aims of this review were to identify knowledge pertaining to (1) support for conveying event information via tri-event parameters; (2) identification of the use of visual variables across all physiologic representations; (3) aspects of effective design principles and methodology; (4) frequency of expert consultations; (5) support for user engagement and identifying heuristics for future developments. Methods: A review was completed of papers published as of August 2016. Titles were first collected and analyzed using an inclusion criteria. Abstracts resulting from the first pass were then analyzed to produce a final set of full papers. Each full paper was passed through a data extraction form eliciting data for comparative analysis. Results: In total, 39 full papers met all criteria and were selected for full review. Results revealed great diversity in visual representations of physiological data. Visual representations spanned 4 groups including tabular, graph-based, object-based, and metaphoric displays. The metaphoric display was the most popular (n=19), followed by waveform displays typical to the single-sensor-single-indicator paradigm (n=18), and finally object displays (n=9) that utilized spatiotemporal elements to highlight changes in physiologic status. Results obtained from experiments and evaluations suggest specifics related to the optimal use of visual variables, such as color, shape, size, and texture have no...

Kamaleswaran, R, Collins, C, James, A & McGregor, C 2016, 'PhysioEx: Visual Analysis of Physiological Event Streams', Computer Graphics Forum, vol. 35, no. 3, pp. 331-340.
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AbstractIn this work, we introduce a novel visualization technique, the Temporal Intensity Map, which visually integrates data values over time to reveal the frequency, duration, and timing of significant features in streaming data. We combine the Temporal Intensity Map with several coordinated visualizations of detected events in data streams to create PhysioEx, a visual dashboard for multiple heterogeneous data streams. We have applied PhysioEx in a design study in the field of neonatal medicine, to support clinical researchers exploring physiologic data streams. We evaluated our method through consultations with domain experts. Results show that our tool provides deep insight capabilities, supports hypothesis generation, and can be well integrated into the workflow of clinical researchers.

Kang, K & Sohaib, O 2016, 'Individualistic-Collectivistic Impact on iTrust towards Purchase Intention in B2C E-Business', Journal of Internet and eBusiness Studies, vol. 2016, pp. 1-11.
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The purpose of this study is to propose an interpersonal trust (iTrust) model to better understand the online consumer cognitive and affective reactions in a B2C website. This study provides proposition on the influence of culture (Individualistic and Collectivistic) on the relationship between cognitive-based and web design and affect-based trust to buyer behavior aspects towards purchase intention in B2C e-business website. It is important to understand online purchasing perceptions between two different cultural groups because the Individualistic online consumer trust may be higher than the Collectivistic and vice versa.

Kanimozhi, C, Kim, M, Larson, SR, Choi, JW, Choo, Y, Sweat, DP, Osuji, CO & Gopalan, P 2016, 'Isomeric Effect Enabled Thermally Driven Self-Assembly of Hydroxystyrene-Based Block Copolymers', ACS Macro Letters, vol. 5, no. 7, pp. 833-838.
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Karami, C, H Adli, A, Zhand, S, Tabarraei, A, Talei, R, Saeidi, M & Moradi, A 2016, 'Study of Genotype, Subtype and Mutation in the S Gene in Hepatitis B Patients Co-infected with HIV in Iran', Jundishapur Journal of Microbiology, vol. 9, no. 12.
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Karimi Galougahi, K, Liu, C, Garcia, A, Gentile, C, Fry, NA, Hamilton, EJ, Hawkins, CL & Figtree, GA 2016, 'β3 Adrenergic Stimulation Restores Nitric Oxide/Redox Balance and Enhances Endothelial Function in Hyperglycemia', Journal of the American Heart Association, vol. 5, no. 2.
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Background Perturbed balance between NO and O 2 •− . (ie, NO/redox imbalance) is central in the pathobiology of diabetes‐induced vascular dysfunction. We examined whether stimulation of β 3 adrenergic receptors (β 3 ARs), coupled to endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) activation, would re‐establish NO/redox balance, relieve oxidative inhibition of the membrane proteins eNOS and Na + ‐K + (NK) pump, and improve vascular function in a new animal model of hyperglycemia. Methods and Results We established hyperglycemia in male White New Zealand rabbits by infusion of S961, a competitive high‐affinity peptide inhibitor of the insulin receptor. Hyperglycemia impaired endothelium‐dependent vasorelaxation by “uncoupling” of eNOS via glutathionylation (eNOS‐GSS) that was dependent on NADPH oxidase activity. Accordingly, NO levels were lower while O 2 •− levels were higher in hyperglycemic rabbits. Infusion of the β 3 AR agonist CL316243 (CL) decreased eNOS‐GSS, reduced O 2 •− , restored NO levels, and improved endothelium‐dependent relaxation. CL decreased hyperglycemia‐induced NADPH oxidase activation as suggested by co‐immunoprecipitation experiments, and it increased eNOS co‐immunoprecipitation with glutar...

Karimi, M, Croaker, P & Kessissoglou, N 2016, 'Boundary element solution for periodic acoustic problems', Journal of Sound and Vibration, vol. 360, no. 6, pp. 129-139.
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This work shows when using the boundary element method to solve 3D acoustic scattering problems from periodic structures, the coefficient matrix can be represented as a block Toeplitz matrix. By exploiting the Toeplitz structure, the computational time and storage requirements to construct the coefficient matrix are significantly reduced. To solve the linear system of equations, the original matrix is embedded into a larger and more structured matrix called the block circulant matrix. Discrete Fourier transform is then employed in an iterative algorithm to solve the block Toeplitz system. To demonstrate the effectiveness of the formulation for periodic acoustic problems, two exterior acoustic case studies are considered. The first case study examines a continuous structure to predict the noise generated by a sharp-edged flat plate under quadrupole excitation. Directivity plots obtained using the periodic boundary element method technique are compared with numerical results obtained using a conventional boundary element model. The second case study examines a discrete periodic structure to predict the acoustic performance of a sonic crystal noise barrier. Results for the barrier insertion loss are compared with both finite element results and available data in the literature.

Karmokar, DK, Esselle, KP & Bird, TS 2016, 'Wideband Microstrip Leaky-Wave Antennas With Two Symmetrical Side Beams for Simultaneous Dual-Beam Scanning', IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, vol. 64, no. 4, pp. 1262-1269.
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Karmokar, DK, Esselle, KP & Hay, SG 2016, 'Fixed-Frequency Beam Steering of Microstrip Leaky-Wave Antennas Using Binary Switches', IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, vol. 64, no. 6, pp. 2146-2154.
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Kashani, AR, Gandomi, AH & Mousavi, M 2016, 'Imperialistic Competitive Algorithm: A metaheuristic algorithm for locating the critical slip surface in 2-Dimensional soil slopes', Geoscience Frontiers, vol. 7, no. 1, pp. 83-89.
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Kehrel, U, Klischan, K & Sick, N 2016, 'Why Research Partnerships Fail in the Biotechnology Sector — An Empirical Analysis of Strategic Partnerships', International Journal of Innovation and Technology Management, vol. 13, no. 01, pp. 1650003-1650003.
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Over half of all research-oriented partnerships in the biotechnology industry fail due to problems in inter-organizational relationships. The analysis of factors that determine the success of strategic partnerships can help companies to reduce the high failure rates. Based on the resource-oriented and relationship-oriented approach, this study examines the influence of three structural factors and three dynamic factors on the success of strategic, research-oriented partnerships in the biotechnology industry. In the empirical study, data of 48 research collaborations by 28 companies were collected and analyzed. The results confirm the significant influence of the factors “complementary resources”, “operational compatibility”, “bilateral exchange of information” and “opportunistic behavior”. On the basis of these findings, companies can find approaches to influence the success of their own research collaborations. In particular, appropriate recommendations for action can be formulated in the areas of the structural design of partnerships and the dynamic exchange process.

Kermany, AR, Bennett, JS, Brawley, GA, Bowen, WP & Iacopi, F 2016, 'Factors affecting the f × Q product of 3C-SiC microstrings: What is the upper limit for sensitivity?', Journal of Applied Physics, vol. 119, no. 5, pp. 055304-055304.
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The fn × Q (Hz) is a crucial sensitivity parameter for micro-electro-mechanical sensing. We have recently shown a fn × Q product of ∼1012 Hz for microstrings made of cubic silicon carbide on silicon, establishing a new state-of-the-art and opening new frontiers for mass sensing applications. In this work, we analyse the main parameters influencing the frequency and quality factor of silicon carbide microstrings (material properties, microstring geometry, clamping condition, and environmental pressure) and investigate the potential for approaching the theoretical upper limit. We indicate that our previous result is only about a factor 2 lower than the thermoelastic dissipation limit. For fully reaching this upper limit, a substantial reduction of the defects in the silicon carbide thin film would be required, while maintaining a high residual tensile stress in the perfect-clamped strings.

Keshavarz, R, Mohammadi, A, Abdipour, A & Mirzavand, R 2016, 'A DUAL BAND E-CRLH FREQUENCY MULTIPLIER WITH TWO MULTIPLICATION FACTORS', Progress In Electromagnetics Research Letters, vol. 64, pp. 99-104.
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Keshavarzi, A, Hamidifar, H & Ball, J 2016, 'Bed morphology in vegetated estuarine river with mild-curved meander bend', Hydrological Sciences Journal, vol. 61, no. 11, pp. 2033-2049.
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In this study, the effect of single and double row piles for reducing scouring in a mild-curved river meander was studied experimentally. The experimental study focused on the effect of vegetation on bed topography in a mild-curved meander bend. The experimental tests were conducted in a laboratory flume under clear water flow conditions. A series of experimental tests were carried out with a fixed bed and non-vegetated and vegetated moveable beds with different vegetation patterns. Analysis of the flow characteristics indicated that when the bed was mobile with vegetation on the inner bank, the core of maximum streamwise velocity shifted towards the centreline of the bend. Additionally, the cross-sectional kinetic energy increased from 0.05% for the fixed-bed test to 4.30% for the test with a double row of vegetation. Furthermore, the presence of vegetation was found to increase the uniformity of the distribution of turbulence intensity and to reduce the Reynolds shear stress along the test section. Also, the mass fluxes increased from the outer bank to the inner bank and from the upstream towards the downstream of the bend. Finally, comparison of bed topography in vegetated and non-vegetated channels showed that the maximum scour depth at the bend apex was reduced by 77% and 62% for the cases with one row and two rows of vegetation, respectively. The results of this study were compared with previously proposed models for predicting the vertical distribution of the streamwise velocity at the bend apex. It was found that Johannesson and Parker’s model (JPM) gave the lowest value of standard error. The above findings are useful in river training works and, in particular, for restoration of meandering rivers. Editor D. M.C. Acreman; Associate editor C. Cudennec

Keshavarzi, A, Omran, E-SE, Bateni, SM, Pradhan, B, Vasu, D & Bagherzadeh, A 2016, 'Modeling of available soil phosphorus (ASP) using multi-objective group method of data handling', Modeling Earth Systems and Environment, vol. 2, no. 3, p. 157.
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Khabbaz, H & Fatahi, B 2016, 'Environmental geotechnics challenges in Australia', Environmental Geotechnics, vol. 3, no. 1, pp. 2-3.
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Khalilpour, KR & Vassallo, A 2016, 'A generic framework for distributed multi-generation and multi-storage energy systems', ENERGY, vol. 114, no. C, pp. 798-813.
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We have introduced a generic decision support tool for concurrent optimal selection, sizing, and operation scheduling of grid-connected or off-grid multi-generation/multi-storage distributed generation and storage (DGS) systems with respect to the dynamics of historical/projected periodical weather data, electricity price, DGS system cost, DGS aging, and the major critical design and operational parameters. This decision support program enables the consumer (ranging from a small house to large-scale industrial plants) to implement the most efficient electricity management strategy while achieving the goal of minimizing the electricity bill.

Khalilpour, KR & Vassallo, A 2016, 'Technoeconomic parametric analysis of PV-battery systems', RENEWABLE ENERGY, vol. 97, no. C, pp. 757-768.
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Application of integrated PV-battery systems for off-grid locations has a history exceeding four decades. With the observed fast reduction of PV and battery system prices in recent years, however, interest in the use of PV-battery systems has notably increased even at on-grid locations. The aim of this paper is to assess the impact of various technoeconomic parameters, such as geographic location, weather condition, electricity price, feed-in tariff, PV/battery system cost, and PV/battery specifications on the economic feasibility of grid-connected PV-battery systems. For this, we have used our inhouse decision support tool for investment decision making, optimal sizing, and operation scheduling of grid-connected PV/battery system with respect to these parameters. The results show that decision on the selection of the right PV-battery system is significantly sensitive to each and every one of these parameters. Within various price scenarios that we carried out, battery shows positive impact on NPV only at low installation costs (e.g. ≤750 $/kWh). Neither the sales electricity tariff nor the feed-in tariff has alone a direct impact on the feasibility of installing a battery system. Rather, the magnitude of the difference between electricity price and feed-in tariff is the detrimental element in battery attractiveness. A case-study for Sydney, Australia, showed that at current sales/feed-in electricity tariffs, PV systems with prices of 2700 $/kW, or less, not only reach parity with the grid electricity price but also reach parity with feed-in tariff. This implies the viability of installing large PV systems merely for selling the generated electricity to the grid.

Khalilpour, R & Vassallo, A 2016, 'Planning and operation scheduling of PV-battery systems: A novel methodology', RENEWABLE & SUSTAINABLE ENERGY REVIEWS, vol. 53, no. C, pp. 194-208.
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The aim of this paper is to develop a decision support tool for investment decision making, optimal sizing, and operation scheduling of grid-connected PV/battery system with respect to dynamics of periodical weather data, electricity price, PV/battery system cost, PV/battery specifications, desired reliability, and other critical design and operational parameters.

Khan, I, Castel, A & Gilbert, RI 2016, 'Prediction of early-age creep and cracking age of concrete: a proposed modification for AS3600 provisions', Australian Journal of Structural Engineering, vol. 17, no. 2, pp. 151-166.
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© 2016 Engineers Australia. Early-age thermal and shrinkage-induced cracking is a major problem in concrete structures. The risk of early-age thermal cracking is increased if the degree of restraint to early-age contraction is increased. At this early age, tensile creep plays a key role in relaxing shrinkage-induced stresses and delaying the time to cracking. However, limited data are available concerning tensile creep of concrete and the magnitude and rate of development of the early-age shrinkage of Australian concrete. As a consequence, tensile creep is often poorly modelled in predictions of early-age cracking. The current method to calculate creep in the Australian Standard AS3600 is based on compressive creep data obtained from specimens loaded at ages generally greater than 14 days and cannot be used to predict very early-age creep confidently. In order to accurately quantify the early-age shrinkage and creep of concrete, a comprehensive experimental programme is being conducted at the UNSW Centre for Infrastructure Engineering and Safety. Creep and shrinkage strains were measured on different specimens subjected to sustained loading. Tests were conducted on two different concrete mixes of normal strength concrete (32 and 45 MPa). Restrained ring specimens were tested to observe the cracking age of concrete. A model is proposed to predict the early-age tensile creep of concrete.

Khan, MA, Ngo, HH, Guo, WS, Liu, Y, Nghiem, LD, Hai, FI, Deng, LJ, Wang, J & Wu, Y 2016, 'Optimization of process parameters for production of volatile fatty acid, biohydrogen and methane from anaerobic digestion', Bioresource Technology, vol. 219, pp. 738-748.
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Khan, MA, Ngo, HH, Guo, WS, Liu, YW, Zhou, JL, Zhang, J, Liang, S, Ni, BJ, Zhang, XB & Wang, J 2016, 'Comparing the value of bioproducts from different stages of anaerobic membrane bioreactors', Bioresource Technology, vol. 214, pp. 816-825.
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Abstract The anaerobic digestion process in anaerobic membrane bioreactors is an effective way for waste management, energy sustainability and pollution control in the environment. This digestion process basically involves the production of volatile fatty acids and biohydrogen as intermediate products and methane as a final product. This paper compares the value of bioproducts from different stages of anaerobic membrane bioreactors through a thorough assessment. The value was assessed in terms of technical feasibility, economic assessment, environmental impact and impact on society. Even though the current research objective is more inclined to optimize the production of methane, the intermediate products could also be considered as economically attractive and environment friendly options. Hence, this is the first review study to correlate the idea into an anaerobic membrane bioreactor which is expected to guide future research pathways regarding anaerobic process and its bioproducts.

Khan, MH, Casillas, G, Mitchell, DRG, Liu, HK, Jiang, L & Huang, Z 2016, 'Carbon- and crack-free growth of hexagonal boron nitride nanosheets and their uncommon stacking order', Nanoscale, vol. 8, no. 35, pp. 15926-15933.
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Khan, MI, Kamal, MS & Chowdhury, L 2016, 'MSuPDA: A Memory Efficient Algorithm for Sequence Alignment', Interdisciplinary Sciences: Computational Life Sciences, vol. 8, no. 1, pp. 84-94.
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Khan, MSH, Castel, A, Akbarnezhad, A, Foster, SJ & Smith, M 2016, 'Utilisation of steel furnace slag coarse aggregate in a low calcium fly ash geopolymer concrete', Cement and Concrete Research, vol. 89, pp. 220-229.
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Khanahmadi, S, Yusof, F, Chyuan Ong, H, Amid, A & Shah, H 2016, 'Cocoa pod husk: A new source of CLEA-lipase for preparation of low-cost biodiesel: An optimized process', Journal of Biotechnology, vol. 231, pp. 95-105.
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Khare, V, Shivakumara, P, Raveendran, P & Blumenstein, M 2016, 'A blind deconvolution model for scene text detection and recognition in video', Pattern Recognition, vol. 54, pp. 128-148.
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© 2016 Elsevier Ltd. Text detection and recognition in poor quality video is a challenging problem due to unpredictable blur and distortion effects caused by camera and text movements. This affects the overall performance of the text detection and recognition methods. This paper presents a combined quality metric for estimating the degree of blur in the video/image. Then the proposed method introduces a blind deconvolution model that enhances the edge intensity by suppressing blurred pixels. The proposed deblurring model is compared with other state-of-the-art models to demonstrate its superiority. In addition, to validate the usefulness and the effectiveness of the proposed model, we conducted text detection and recognition experiments on blurred images classified by the proposed model from standard video databases, namely, ICDAR 2013, ICDAR 2015, YVT and then standard natural scene image databases, namely, ICDAR 2013, SVT, MSER. Text detection and recognition results on both blurred and deblurred video/images illustrate that the proposed model improves the performance significantly.

Khezri, N, Mohamad, H & Fatahi, B 2016, 'Stability assessment of tunnel face in a layered soil using upper bound theorem of limit analysis', Geomechanics and Engineering, vol. 11, no. 4, pp. 471-492.
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Underground tunnelling is one of the sustainable construction methods which can facilitate the increasing passenger transportation in the urban areas and benefit the community in the long term. Tunnelling in various ground conditions requires careful consideration of the stability factor. This paper investigates three dimensional stability of a shallow circular tunnel in a layered soil. Upper bound theorem of limit analysis was utilised to solve the tunnel face stability problem. A three dimensional kinematic admissible failure mechanism was improved to model a layered soil and limiting assumptions of the previous studies were resolved. The study includes calculation of the minimum support pressure acting on the face of the excavation in closed-face excavations. The effects of the characteristics of the layers on the minimum support pressure were examined. It was found that the ratio of the thickness of cover layers particularly when a weak layer is overlying a stronger layer, has the most significant influence on the minimum tunnel support pressure. Comparisons have been made with the results of the numerical modelling using FLAC3D software. Results of the current study were in a remarkable agreement with those of numerical modelling.

Khoo, BL, Chaudhuri, PK, Ramalingam, N, Tan, DSW, Lim, CT & Warkiani, ME 2016, 'Single‐cell profiling approaches to probing tumor heterogeneity', International Journal of Cancer, vol. 139, no. 2, pp. 243-255.
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Tumor heterogeneity is a major hindrance in cancer classification, diagnosis and treatment. Recent technological advances have begun to reveal the true extent of its heterogeneity. Single‐cell analysis (SCA) is emerging as an important approach to detect variations in morphology, genetic or proteomic expression. In this review, we revisit the issue of inter‐ and intra‐tumor heterogeneity, and list various modes of SCA techniques (cell‐based, nucleic acid‐based, protein‐based, metabolite‐based and lipid‐based) presently used for cancer characterization. We further discuss the advantages of SCA over pooled cell analysis, as well as the limitations of conventional techniques. Emerging trends, such as high‐throughput sequencing, are also mentioned as improved means for cancer profiling. Collectively, these applications have the potential for breakthroughs in cancer treatment.

Khorsandnia, N, Valipour, H, Schänzlin, J & Crews, K 2016, 'Experimental Investigations of Deconstructable Timber–Concrete Composite Beams', Journal of Structural Engineering, vol. 142, no. 12, pp. 04016130-04016130.
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Khoshkbarforoushha, A, Wang, M, Ranjan, R, Wang, L, Alem, L, Khan, SU & Benatallah, B 2016, 'Dimensions for Evaluating Cloud Resource Orchestration Frameworks', COMPUTER, vol. 49, no. 2, pp. 24-33.
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© 2016 IEEE. Despite the proliferation of cloud resource orchestration frameworks (CROFs), DevOps managers and application developers still have no systematic tool for evaluating their features against desired criteria. The authors present generic technical dimensions for analyzing CROF capabilities and understanding prominent research to refine them.

Khosoussi, K, Huang, S & Dissanayake, G 2016, 'A Sparse Separable SLAM Back-End', IEEE Transactions on Robotics, vol. 32, no. 6, pp. 1536-1549.
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Khoury, S, Ahadi, A, Zhang, X & Tran, N 2016, 'Expression of microRNAs in HPV negative tonsil cancers and their regulation of PDCD4', Genomics Data, vol. 8, pp. 93-96.
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Global rates of tonsil cancer have been increasing since the turn of the millennia, however we still have a limited understanding of the genes and pathways which control this disease. This array dataset which is linked to our publication (Zhang et al., 2015) describes the profiling of human miRNAs in tonsil and normal adjacent tissues. With this dataset, we identified a list of microRNA (miRNA) which were highly over represented in tonsil cancers and showed that several miRNAs were able to regulate the tumour suppressor PDCD4 in a temporal manner. The dataset has been deposited into Gene Expression Omnibus (GSE75630).

Khuat, TT & Le, MH 2016, 'Optimizing parameters of software effort estimation models using directed artificial bee colony algorithm', Informatica (Slovenia), vol. 40, no. 4, pp. 427-436.
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Effective software effort estimation is one of the challenging tasks in software engineering. There have been various alternatives introduced to enhance the accuracy of predictions. In this respect, estimation approaches based on algorithmic models have been widely used. These models consider modeling software effort as a function of the size of the developed project. However, most approaches sharing a common thread of complex mathematical models face the difficulties in parameters calibration and tuning. This study proposes using a directed artificial bee colony algorithm in order to tune the values of model parameters based on past actual effort. The proposed methods were verified with NASA software dataset and the obtained results were compared to the existing models in other literature. The results indicated that our proposal has significantly improved the performance of the estimations.

Khuat, TT, Le, QC, Nguyen, BL & Le, MH 2016, 'Forecasting stock price using wavelet neural network optimized by directed Artificial Bee Colony algorithm', Journal of Telecommunications and Information Technology, vol. 2016, no. 2, pp. 43-52.
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Stock prediction with data mining techniques is one of the most important issues in finance. This field has attracted great scientific interest and has become a crucial research area to provide a more precise prediction process. This study proposes an integrated approach where Haar wavelet transform and Artificial Neural Network optimized by Directed Artificial Bee Colony algorithm are combined for the stock price prediction. The proposed approach was tested on the historical price data collected from Yahoo Finance with different companies. Furthermore, the prediction result was found satisfactorily enough as a guide for traders and investors in making qualitative decisions.

Khushaba, RN, Al-Timemy, A, Kodagoda, S & Nazarpour, K 2016, 'Combined influence of forearm orientation and muscular contraction on EMG pattern recognition', EXPERT SYSTEMS WITH APPLICATIONS, vol. 61, pp. 154-161.
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Kiani, B, Gandomi, AH, Sajedi, S & Liang, RY 2016, 'New Formulation of Compressive Strength of Preformed-Foam Cellular Concrete: An Evolutionary Approach', Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering, vol. 28, no. 10, pp. 04016092-04016092.
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Kim, J, Fu, Q, Scofield, JMP, Kentish, SE & Qiao, GG 2016, 'Ultra-thin film composite mixed matrix membranes incorporating iron(iii)–dopamine nanoparticles for CO₂separation', Nanoscale, vol. 8, no. 15, pp. 8312-8323.
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Kim, J, Fu, Q, Xie, K, Scofield, JMP, Kentish, SE & Qiao, GG 2016, 'CO2 separation using surface-functionalized SiO2 nanoparticles incorporated ultra-thin film composite mixed matrix membranes for post-combustion carbon capture', Journal of Membrane Science, vol. 515, pp. 54-62.
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Kim, J, Park, M, Shon, HK & Kim, JH 2016, 'Performance analysis of reverse osmosis, membrane distillation, and pressure-retarded osmosis hybrid processes', Desalination, vol. 380, pp. 85-92.
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Kim, Y, Chekli, L, Shim, W-G, Phuntsho, S, Li, S, Ghaffour, N, Leiknes, T & Shon, HK 2016, 'Selection of suitable fertilizer draw solute for a novel fertilizer-drawn forward osmosis-anaerobic membrane bioreactor hybrid system', BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY, vol. 210, pp. 26-34.
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Klenner, F, Lenze, D, Schwarzer, S, Deuse, J & Friedrich, T 2016, 'Smart Data Analytics zur Identifikation dynamischer Engpässe in Flexiblen Fertigungssystemen', at - Automatisierungstechnik, vol. 64, no. 7, pp. 540-554.
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Zusammenfassung Flexible Fertigungssysteme (FFS) bilden die konzeptionelle Grundlage einer hoch flexiblen und produktiven Großserienproduktion. Die inhärente Komplexität dieser Systeme erschwert die Lokalisierung von Engpässen und damit den produktiven Systembetrieb. Dieser Artikel beschreibt eine Methode, welche mithilfe eines Smart-Data-Modells dynamische Engpässe in FFS identifiziert. Die damit verbundene Beherrschung der Komplexität bildet die Grundlage für einen produktiven Betrieb.

Knee, GC, Combes, J, Ferrie, C & Gauger, EM 2016, 'Weak-value amplification: state of play', Quantum Measurements and Quantum Metrology, vol. 3, no. 1, pp. 32-37.
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AbstractWeak values arise in quantum theory when the result of a weak measurement is conditioned on a subsequent strong measurement. The majority of the trials are discarded, leaving only very few successful events. Intriguingly those can display a substantial signal amplification. This raises the question of whether weak values carry potential to improve the performance of quantum sensors, and indeed a number of impressive experimental results suggested this may be the case. By contrast, recent theoretical studies have found the opposite: using weak-values to obtain an amplification generally worsens metrological performance. This survey summarises the implications of those studies, which call for a reappraisal of weak values’ utility and for further work to reconcile theory and experiment.

Knight, DB, Cameron, IT, Hadgraft, RG & Reidsema, C 2016, 'The influence of external forces, institutional forces, and academics' characteristics on the adoption of positive teaching practices across australian undergraduate engineering', International Journal of Engineering Education, vol. 32, no. 2, pp. 695-711.
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This study investigates how academics' personal beliefs, perspectives on institutional forces, and perspectives on external influences relate to their teaching and learning decision-making. Using a national-level survey of Australian engineering academics (n = 591; 16% of Australia's engineering academics), analyses investigate (1) how influences external and internal to the university environment vary across characteristics of academics, and (2) how academics' characteristics, organizational features, and external drivers relate to issues informing academics' teaching and their actual teaching practices. External and internal influences differed across academics based on their individual characteristics and university contexts, and academics' individual characteristics explained the greatest variability in their teaching considerations and practices. For external influences (e.g., accreditation), promoting awareness of educational goals for undergraduate engineering-as opposed to forcing outcomes into course planning-relates to more desirable teaching and learning practices. No internal institutional policy driver related to teaching practice variables. This study points to informed, professional development that seeks to capitalize on academics' personal interests and characteristics and assists in helping them understand how curricula and outcomes may better align to help student learning. Findings support working from a bottom-up model of change to improve the teaching and learning culture within engineering programs.

Kodagoda, S, Sehestedt, S & Dissanayake, G 2016, 'Socially aware path planning for mobile robots', Robotica, vol. 34, no. 3, pp. 513-526.
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SUMMARYHuman–robot interaction is an emerging area of research where a robot may need to be working in human-populated environments. Human trajectories are generally not random and can belong to gross patterns. Knowledge about these patterns can be learned through observation. In this paper, we address the problem of a robot's social awareness by learning human motion patterns and integrating them in path planning. The gross motion patterns are learned using a novel Sampled Hidden Markov Model, which allows the integration of partial observations in dynamic model building. This model is used in the modified A* path planning algorithm to achieve socially aware trajectories. Novelty of the proposed method is that it can be used on a mobile robot for simultaneous online learning and path planning. The experiments carried out in an office environment show that the paths can be planned seamlessly, avoiding personal spaces of occupants.

Kodikara, J, Valls Miro, J & Melchers, R 2016, 'Failure Prediction of Critical Cast Iron Pipes', Advances in Water Research, vol. 26, no. 3, pp. 6-11.
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In 2011, a consortium of Australian water utilities led by Sydney Water (SW) joined forces with WRF and UK Water Industry Research (UKWIR) to initiate a five-year research program, Advanced Condition Assessment and Pipe Failure Prediction Project (ACAPFP).

Kolmos, A, Hadgraft, RG & Holgaard, JE 2016, 'Response strategies for curriculum change in engineering', International Journal of Technology and Design Education, vol. 26, no. 3, pp. 391-411.
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© 2015, The Author(s). During the last 25 years, there have been many calls for new engineering competencies and a corresponding gradual change in both curriculum and pedagogy in engineering education. This has been a global trend, in the US, Europe, Australia and now emerging in the rest of the world. Basically, there have been two main types of societal challenges that many engineering institutions have responded to: the employability skills of graduates and the need for a sustainability approach to engineering. These are two very different challenges and societal needs; however, the ways engineering institutions have responded form a consistent pattern across many of the content aspects. No matter the specific character of change, three very different curriculum strategies seem to have evolved: an add-on strategy, an integration strategy or a re-building strategy; the latter involves substantial curriculum re-design. The add-on strategy and integration strategy are the ones most commonly used, whereas the re-building strategy is at an emerging stage in most engineering education communities. Most engineering schools find it very challenging to re-build an entire curriculum, so smaller changes are generally preferred. The purpose of this article is to conceptualise these institutional response strategies in a wider literature and present examples of curriculum change within both employability and sustainability. We will maintain that all these strategies are based on management decisions as well as academic faculty decisions; however the implications for using the various strategies are very different in terms of system change, role of disciplines, leader interventions and faculty development strategies. Furthermore, institutions might use all types of response strategies in different programs and in different semesters. The conceptual framework presented here can provide analytical anchors, hopefully creating more awareness of the complexity of systemic change.

Kong, Y, Zhang, M & Ye, D 2016, 'An Auction-Based Approach for Group Task Allocation in an Open Network Environment', The Computer Journal, vol. 59, no. 3, pp. 403-422.
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Krebs, M, Hartung, J, Hengstebeck, A, Kuske, P & Deuse, J 2016, 'Time data management in machine tool industry', Productivity Management, vol. 21, no. 4, pp. 25-28.
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Time data management is a significant success factor to unlock elusive potentials for productivity management in lean production systems. Nevertheless, the importance was underestimated for a long time and in many companies essential organizational structures as well as know-how were neglected. Reliable and precise times, however, can be estimated by using standard data building blocks with low effort in every phase of the product development process.

Kulasinghe, A, Perry, C, Warkiani, ME, Blick, T, Davies, A, O'Byrne, K, Thompson, EW, Nelson, CC, Vela, I & Punyadeera, C 2016, 'Short term ex-vivo expansion of circulating head and neck tumour cells', Oncotarget, vol. 7, no. 37, pp. 60101-60109.
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Kuruneru, STW, Sauret, E, Saha, SC & Gu, Y 2016, 'Numerical investigation of the temporal evolution of particulate fouling in metal foams for air-cooled heat exchangers', Applied Energy, vol. 184, pp. 531-547.
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Kyong Shon, H, Duc Nghiem, L, Kim, S, Akmar Zakaria, Z, Tijing, L, Shu, L & Jegatheesan, V 2016, 'Editorial', Desalination and Water Treatment, vol. 57, no. 60, pp. 29192-29192.
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Lal, S, Hall, RM & Tipper, JL 2016, 'A novel method for isolation and recovery of ceramic nanoparticles and metal wear debris from serum lubricants at ultra-low wear rates', Acta Biomaterialia, vol. 42, pp. 420-428.
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Lan, C, Chen, Q & Li, J 2016, 'Grouping miRNAs of similar functions via weighted information content of gene ontology', BMC Bioinformatics, vol. 17, no. S19, pp. 159-295.
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BACKGROUND: Regulation mechanisms between miRNAs and genes are complicated. To accomplish a biological function, a miRNA may regulate multiple target genes, and similarly a target gene may be regulated by multiple miRNAs. Wet-lab knowledge of co-regulating miRNAs is limited. This work introduces a computational method to group miRNAs of similar functions to identify co-regulating miRNAsfrom a similarity matrix of miRNAs. RESULTS: We define a novel information content of gene ontology (GO) to measure similarity between two sets of GO graphs corresponding to the two sets of target genes of two miRNAs. This between-graph similarity is then transferred as a functional similarity between the two miRNAs. Our definition of the information content is based on the size of a GO term's descendants, but adjusted by a weight derived from its depth level and the GO relationships at its path to the root node or to the most informative common ancestor (MICA). Further, a self-tuning technique and the eigenvalues of the normalized Laplacian matrix are applied to determine the optimal parameters for the spectral clustering of the similarity matrix of the miRNAs. CONCLUSIONS: Experimental results demonstrate that our method has better clustering performance than the existing edge-based, node-based or hybrid methods. Our method has also demonstrated a novel usefulness for the function annotation of new miRNAs, as reported in the detailed case studies.

Lancia, G, Mathieson, L & Moscato, P 2016, 'Separating Sets of Strings by Finding Matching Patterns is Almost Always Hard', Theoretical Computer Science, vol. 665, pp. 73-86.
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We study the complexity of the problem of searching for a set of patterns that separate two given sets of strings. This problem has applications in a wide variety of areas, most notably in data mining, computational biology, and in understanding the complexity of genetic algorithms. We show that the basic problem of finding a small set of patterns that match one set of strings but do not match any string in a second set is difficult (NP-complete, W[2]-hard when parameterized by the size of the pattern set, and APX-hard). We then perform a detailed parameterized analysis of the problem, separating tractable and intractable variants. In particular we show that parameterizing by the size of pattern set and the number of strings, and the size of the alphabet and the number of strings give FPT results, amongst others.

Lary, DJ, Alavi, AH, Gandomi, AH & Walker, AL 2016, 'Machine learning in geosciences and remote sensing', Geoscience Frontiers, vol. 7, no. 1, pp. 3-10.
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Learning incorporates a broad range of complex procedures. Machine learning (ML) is a subdivision of artificial intelligence based on the biological learning process. The ML approach deals with the design of algorithms to learn from machine readable data. ML covers main domains such as data mining, difficult-to-program applications, and software applications. It is a collection of a variety of algorithms (e.g. neural networks, support vector machines, self-organizing map, decision trees, random forests, case-based reasoning, genetic programming, etc.) that can provide multivariate, nonlinear, nonparametric regression or classification. The modeling capabilities of the ML-based methods have resulted in their extensive applications in science and engineering. Herein, the role of ML as an effective approach for solving problems in geosciences and remote sensing will be highlighted. The unique features of some of the ML techniques will be outlined with a specific attention to genetic programming paradigm. Furthermore, nonparametric regression and classification illustrative examples are presented to demonstrate the efficiency of ML for tackling the geosciences and remote sensing problems.

Le Thi Minh, T, Nguyen Phuoc, D, Dinh Quoc, T, Ngo, HH & Do Hong Lan, C 2016, 'Presence of e-EDCs in surface water and effluents of pollution sources in Sai Gon and Dong Nai river basin', Sustainable Environment Research, vol. 26, no. 1, pp. 20-27.
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© 2016 This study aimed to assess the presence of estrogenic endocrine disrupting compounds (e-EDCs) including estriol, bisphenol A (BPA), atrazine (ATZ), octylphenol, octylphenol diethoxylate, octylphenol triethoxylate, nonylphenol, Nonylphenol triethoxylate (NPE3), nonylphenol diethoxylate (NPE2) and 17β-estradiol in: (i) Sai Gon and Dong Nai river waters which have been major raw water sources for drinking water supply for Ho Chi Minh City (HCMC) and neighbouring provinces, and (ii) water pollution sources located in their catchment basin. NPE3 and NPE2 were detected in most of the surface water samples. Concentrations of NPE3 were in a range of less than 5.9–235 ng L −1 , whereas BPA was detected at significantly high concentrations in the dry season in canals in HCMC. In the upstream of Sai Gon and Dong Nai Rivers, ATZ concentrations were observed at water intake of water treatment plants served for HCMC water supply system. Similarly, high potential risk of NPE2 and NPE3 contamination at Phu Cuong Bridge near Hoa Phu water intake was identified. The significant correlation between NPE2, dissolved organic carbon and total nitrogen was found. Estrogenic equivalent or estrogenic activity of Sai Gon and Dong Nai Rivers was lower than those of the previous studies. Compared with other studies, e-EDCs of pollution in Sai Gon river basin were relatively low.

Le, TM & Fatahi, B 2016, 'Trust-region reflective optimisation to obtain soil visco-plastic properties', Engineering Computations, vol. 33, no. 2, pp. 410-442.
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Purpose A non-linear creep function embedded in an elastic visco-plastic (EVP) model can simulate the decrease of creep compression rate with time. It overcomes the limitation of a linear logarithmic creep function, by which creep continuously increases to infinite value as time approaches infinity. However, the determination of the creep model parameters is a challenging task to apply the EVP model. Therefore, this paper presents a new numerical solution to determine the EVP model parameters applying trust-region reflective least square optimisation algorithm and the finite difference scheme to simulate stress-strain behaviour of soft soil. Design/methodology/approach In this paper, the developed method is verified against the field case study of Väsby test fill. A set of EVP model parameters is obtained by applying the developed method to the available laboratory consolidation results of Väsby clay. Then, the predictions of settlement and the excess pore water pressure at different depths are compared to the available field measurement. Findings The analysis results show the developed method is a reliable tool to evaluate the long-term performance of soft soils under embankments. Practical implications Practicing engineers can use the proposed optimisation algorithm to increase the accuracy of the soil visco-plastic model parameters by utilising all laboratory results of several loading stages during and after the dissipati...

Lee, E-J, An, AK, He, T, Woo, YC & Shon, HK 2016, 'Electrospun nanofiber membranes incorporating fluorosilane-coated TiO2 nanocomposite for direct contact membrane distillation', JOURNAL OF MEMBRANE SCIENCE, vol. 520, pp. 145-154.
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Lee, H, Juan, J, Yun Hin, T-Y & Ong, H 2016, 'Environment-Friendly Heterogeneous Alkaline-Based Mixed Metal Oxide Catalysts for Biodiesel Production', Energies, vol. 9, no. 8, pp. 611-611.
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Lee, J, Jeong, S, Naidu, G, Ye, Y, Chen, V, Liu, Z & Vigneswaran, S 2016, 'Performance evaluation of carbon nanotube enhanced membranes for SWRO pretreatment application', Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry, vol. 38, no. 8, pp. 123-131.
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© 2016 The Korean Society of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry. Multi-wall carbon nanotube (MWCNT) membrane was tested for SWRO pretreatment. The MWCNT membrane itself showed a superior permeate flux (321.3. LMH/bar), which was 4-times as polyethersulfone ultrafiltration (PES-UF) membrane. Reduction of dissolved organic matter improved to 66% with fewer amounts of powder activated carbon (PAC) (0.5. g/L) in MWCNT membrane filtration maintaining a high permeate flux of 600. LMH/bar. It was due to the increased porosity (84.5%) and hydrophilicity (52.9°) by incorporating MWCNT/polyaniline into PES membrane. Ionic strength affected organic removal in seawater filtration by altering electrostatic interaction between organic matter and surface charge of the positively charged MWCNT membrane.

Lee, KY, Park, SM, Kim, JB, Saliby, IE, Shahid, M, Kim, G-J, Shon, HK & Kim, J-H 2016, 'Synthesis and Characterisation of Porous Titania-Silica Composite Aerogel for NO<SUB><I>x</I></SUB> and Acetaldehyde Removal', Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, vol. 16, no. 5, pp. 4505-4511.
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Lee, T, Leonardos, N, Saks, M & Wang, F 2016, 'Hellinger volume and number-on-the-forehead communication complexity', Journal of Computer and System Sciences, vol. 82, no. 6, pp. 1064-1074.
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Lees, T, Khushaba, R & Lal, S 2016, 'Electroencephalogram associations to cognitive performance in clinically active nurses', PHYSIOLOGICAL MEASUREMENT, vol. 37, no. 7, pp. 968-980.
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Lei, C, Bie, H, Fang, G, Gaura, E, Brusey, J, Zhang, X & Dutkiewicz, E 2016, 'A Low Collision and High Throughput Data Collection Mechanism for Large-Scale Super Dense Wireless Sensor Networks', Sensors, vol. 16, no. 7, pp. 1108-1108.
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Lei, G, Liu, C, Guo, Y & Zhu, J 2016, 'Robust Multidisciplinary Design Optimization of PM Machines with Soft Magnetic Composite Cores for Batch Production', IEEE Transactions on Magnetics, vol. 52, no. 3, pp. 1-4.
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© 1965-2012 IEEE. This paper presents a robust approach for multidisciplinary design optimization of permanent magnet (PM) motors with soft magnetic composite (SMC) cores to improve their manufacturing quality in batch production. First, a general multidisciplinary design analysis framework is developed for PM-SMC motors, which includes electromagnetic, thermal, modal, and manufacturing analyses. Second, an improved multilevel optimization method is presented to improve the efficiency of the robust optimization. Finally, to demonstrate the effectiveness, a PM-SMC transverse flux machine is investigated. The numerical solutions, including electromagnetic and thermal analyses, are validated by the experimental results. As shown, the proposed method can significantly increase motor's reliability and greatly reduce the computation cost, which benefits the mass production in industrial applications.

Lei, G, Liu, C, Jafari, M, Zhu, J & Guo, Y 2016, 'Multilevel Robust Design Optimization of a Superconducting Magnetic Energy Storage Based on a Benchmark Study', IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, vol. 26, no. 7, pp. 1-5.
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© 2016 IEEE. Superconducting magnetic energy storage (SMES) systems with different superconducting materials are attracting great attentions and funding from the governments around the world because they are promising large-scale energy storage devices for future smart grid. Due to the high cost of SMES, its manufacturing quality and operation reliability have to be investigated in the design optimization stage. This paper presents a robust design optimization method to solve this issue based on a benchmark problem, TEAM problem 22. The proposed method is based on a technique called design for Six Sigma. Meanwhile, a three-level optimization framework is employed to reduce the computation cost of a finite-element analysis due to high-dimensional design space and Monte-Carlo analysis. As shown, the manufacturing reliability and quality of the investigated SMES after robust optimization have been increased greatly.

Leong, KY, Ong, HC, Amer, NH, Norazrina, MJ, Risby, MS & Ku Ahmad, KZ 2016, 'An overview on current application of nanofluids in solar thermal collector and its challenges', Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, vol. 53, pp. 1092-1105.
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Levy, MC, Garcia, M, Blair, P, Chen, X, Gomes, SL, Gower, DB, Grames, J, Kuil, L, Liu, Y, Marston, L, McCord, PF, Roobavannan, M & Zeng, R 2016, 'Wicked but worth it: student perspectives on socio‐hydrology', Hydrological Processes, vol. 30, no. 9, pp. 1467-1472.
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Li, A, Pi, S, Wei, W, Chen, T, Yang, J & Ma, F 2016, 'Adsorption behavior of tetracycline by extracellular polymeric substrates extracted from Klebsiella sp. J1', Environmental Science and Pollution Research, vol. 23, no. 24, pp. 25084-25092.
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Li, D, He, X, Cao, L & Chen, H 2016, 'Permutation anonymization', Journal of Intelligent Information Systems, vol. 47, no. 3, pp. 427-445.
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In data publishing, anonymization techniques have been designed to provide privacy protection. Anatomy is an important techniques for privacy preserving in data publication and attracts considerable attention in the literature. However, anatomy is fragile under background knowledge attack and the presence attack. In addition, anatomy can only be applied into limited applications. To overcome these drawbacks, we propose an improved version of anatomy: permutation anonymization, a new anonymization technique that is more effective than anatomy in privacy protection, and in the meanwhile is able to retain significantly more information in the microdata. We present the detail of the technique and build the underlying theory of the technique. Extensive experiments on real data are conducted, showing that our technique allows highly effective data analysis, while offering strong privacy guarantees.

Li, D-L, Prasad, M, Lin, C-T & Chang, J-Y 2016, 'Self-adjusting feature maps network and its applications', Neurocomputing, vol. 207, pp. 78-94.
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This paper, proposes a novel artificial neural network, called self-adjusting feature map (SAM), and develop its unsupervised learning ability with self-adjusting mechanism. The trained network structure of representative connected neurons not only displays the spatial relation of the input data distribution but also quantizes the data well. The SAM can automatically isolate a set of connected neurons, in which, the used number of the sets may indicate the number of clusters. The idea of self-adjusting mechanism is based on combining of mathematical statistics and neurological advantages and retreat of waste. In the training process, for each representative neuron has are three phases, growth, adaptation and decline. The network of representative neurons, first create the necessary neurons according to the local density of the input data in the growth phase. In the adaption phase, it adjusts neighborhood neuron pair's connected/disconnected topology constantly according to the statistics of input feature data. Finally, the unnecessary neurons of the network are merged or remove in the decline phase. In this paper, we exploit the SAM to handle some peculiar cases that cannot be handled easily by classical unsupervised learning networks such as self-organizing map (SOM) network. The remarkable characteristics of the SAM can be seen on various real world cases in the experimental results.

Li, E, Chen, J, Zhang, Z, Fang, J, Liu, GR & Li, Q 2016, 'Smoothed finite element method for analysis of multi-layered systems – Applications in biomaterials', Computers & Structures, vol. 168, pp. 16-29.
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Li, F, Xu, G & Cao, L 2016, 'Two-level matrix factorization for recommender systems', Neural Computing and Applications, vol. 27, no. 8, pp. 2267-2278.
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Many existing recommendation methods such as matrix factorization (MF) mainly rely on user–item rating matrix, which sometimes is not informative enough, often suffering from the cold-start problem. To solve this challenge, complementary textual relations between items are incorporated into recommender systems (RS) in this paper. Specifically, we first apply a novel weighted textual matrix factorization (WTMF) approach to compute the semantic similarities between items, then integrate the inferred item semantic relations into MF and propose a two-level matrix factorization (TLMF) model for RS. Experimental results on two open data sets not only demonstrate the superiority of TLMF model over bench-mark methods, but also show the effectiveness of TLMF for solving the cold-start problem.

Li, H, Luo, Z, Zhang, N, Gao, L & Brown, T 2016, 'Integrated design of cellular composites using a level-set topology optimization method', Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering, vol. 309, pp. 453-475.
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© 2016 Elsevier B.V. This paper proposes a hierarchical multi-scale topology optimization method for the design of integrated materials and structures by taking advantage of both cellular composites and functionally graded materials. The topology optimization involves two scales: firstly, macrostructural design using SIMP to generate an overall multilayered layout with free material distribution involving intermediate densities; and secondly, microstructural design to produce periodic cellular composite for each layer, by integrating the numerical homogenization into a level set approach. Thus, the cellular composites will be characterized by variation in microstructures and the corresponding changes of properties over layers. The proposed method can generate new artificial composites similar to functionally graded materials but layer-based, to achieve multifunctional properties for energy absorption, anti-impact, thermal isolation, etc. Several numerical examples are used to demonstrate the effectiveness of this method.

Li, H, Öchsner, A, Ni, G, Wei, D & Jiang, Z 2016, 'Analysis of surface asperity flattening based on two different methods', Continuum Mechanics and Thermodynamics, vol. 28, no. 6, pp. 1623-1634.
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The stress state is an important parameter in metal forming processes, which significantly influences the strain state and microstructure of products, affecting their surface qualities. In order to make the metal products have a good surface quality, the surface stress state must be optimised. In this study, two classical methods, the upper bound method and the crystal plasticity finite element method, were investigated. The differences between the two methods were discussed in regard to the model, the velocity field, and the strain field. Then the related surface roughness is deduced.

Li, H, Wang, S, He, H, Huangfu, Y & Zhu, J 2016, 'Electromagnetic-Thermal–Deformed-Fluid-Coupled Simulation for Levitation Melting of Titanium', IEEE Transactions on Magnetics, vol. 52, no. 3, pp. 1-4.
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Li, J, Fong, S, Siu, S, Mohammed, S, Fiaidhi, J & Wong, KKL 2016, 'WITHDRAWN: Improving classification of protein binders for virtual drug screening by novel swarm-based feature selection techniques', Computerized Medical Imaging and Graphics.
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© 2016 Elsevier Ltd. Drug design involves classification of protein binding which is usually done in a computer simulation prior to extensive actual tests. Accurate classification of protein binding is essential but it is obstructed with a very challenging task of feature selection (FS) because there are too many potential features. Dorothea as a case of virtual screening in drug design, has 100,000 features that inflate to a very huge (of size 2100,000 possible candidate feature subsets to be selected) but very sparse search space. In this paper, this computational challenge is tackled by a new model of feature selection called Two-stage Swarm Search-FS (TSS-FS). The novelty of TSS-FS is the use of adaptive search space shrinking mechanism which is the first stage of the TSS-FS to reduce computing cost and increase classification accuracy. Reducing the very huge and sparse search space enables the swarm feature selection operate more efficiently. Results demonstrated in the paper confirms the efficacy of the new algorithms.

Li, J, Stewart, MG, Masia, MJ & Lawrence, SJ 2016, 'Spatial Correlation of Material Properties and Structural Strength of Masonry in Horizontal Bending', Journal of Structural Engineering, vol. 142, no. 11.
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Spatial variability of material properties might significantly affect the structural performance and reliability of unreinforced masonry (URM) walls. The paper develops a computational method to predict the strength for URM walls subject to one-way horizontal bending considering unit-to-unit spatial variability of the material properties of mortar joints and bricks. In this context, the term unit is being used to describe the location in the wall associated with a single brick and the adjacent mortar joints. In this way, the material properties are assumed to be uniform along the length, height, and thickness of individual bricks but may vary from brick to brick within the wall. Tensile strength, shear bond strength, and associated fracture energies of the mortar joints and tensile strength and fracture energy of the bricks are the main parameters considered herein. The authors examine how correlation and spatial variability in unit strengths (mortar joints and bricks) affect the variability of ultimate strength and damage progression of clay brick URM walls in one-way horizontal bending. Stochastic analysis in the form of Monte Carlo simulations used a three-dimensional (3D) nonlinear finite-element analysis. The results were validated from a database of available experimental results on masonry four-course beams. It was found that good agreement of peak load exists between the stochastic simulation and the experimental results for the four-course beam subject to horizontal bending.

Li, J, Wu, C, Hao, H, Su, Y & Liu, Z 2016, 'Blast resistance of concrete slab reinforced with high performance fibre material', Journal of Structural Integrity and Maintenance, vol. 1, no. 2, pp. 51-59.
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Concrete is now the most abundantly used material in construction. Despite good compressive strength, concrete is marked with brittleness and low tensile strength. A widely adopted method to enhance the concrete material performance especially the tensile strength and ductility is fibrous material addition. In the present study, concrete mix designs with different fibre additions have been developed, and high-performance polyethylene fibre and micro steel fibre are considered with varying volume fractions in the concrete matrix. Material static properties are obtained from laboratory tests, and further study on the dynamic performance of theses fibre reinforced concrete materials is investigated through field blast tests. Concrete slabs with high-performance polyethylene fibre reinforcement and hybrid steel and polyethylene reinforcement are casted and tested under close-in blast scenarios. Discussion on the structural damage and material performance is briefed based on the test results.

Li, J, Wu, C, Hao, H, Wang, Z & Su, Y 2016, 'Experimental investigation of ultra-high performance concrete slabs under contact explosions', International Journal of Impact Engineering, vol. 93, pp. 62-75.
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© 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. Unlike ductile behaviour under static loads, a reinforced concrete structure can respond in a brittle manner with highly localised damage like concrete spalling, cratering and reinforcement rupturing under close-in or contact explosions. High speed fragmentation resulting from concrete spall may cause severe casualties and injuries. It is therefore important to have a better understanding of the concrete spall phenomena and fragments distribution. In the present study, contact explosion tests were carried out on concrete slabs to observe the concrete crater and spall damage. Seven slabs including two control specimens made of normal strength concrete (NRC) and five ultra-high performance concrete (UHPC) slabs are tested. The superior blast resistance capacity of UHPC slabs is verified through comparison against NRC slabs. The influence of longitudinal reinforcement spacing and slab depth on the spall resistance of UHPC slabs is investigated. Predictions through available empirical methods are made and compared with the test observations. The accuracy of these empirical methods is discussed. All fragments resulting from the contact blast tests are collected and analysed through sieve analysis. It is found that Weibull distribution can be used to model the fragments size distribution of NRC slabs while Log-normal distribution better models the fragments size distribution of UHPC slabs.

Li, J, Zhao, B, Deng, C & Xu, RYD 2016, 'Time Varying Metric Learning for visual tracking', Pattern Recognition Letters, vol. 80, pp. 157-164.
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Li, JJ, Roohani-Esfahani, S-I, Dunstan, CR, Quach, T, Steck, R, Saifzadeh, S, Pivonka, P & Zreiqat, H 2016, 'Efficacy of novel synthetic bone substitutes in the reconstruction of large segmental bone defects in sheep tibiae', Biomedical Materials, vol. 11, no. 1, pp. 015016-015016.
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Li, K, Ni, W, Wang, X, Liu, RP, Kanhere, SS & Jha, S 2016, 'Energy-efficient cooperative relaying for unmanned aerial vehicles', IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing, vol. 15, no. 6, pp. 1377-1386.
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© 2002-2012 IEEE. Airborne relaying can extend wireless sensor networks (WSNs) to remote human-unfriendly terrains. However, lossy airborne channels and limited battery of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) are critical issues, adversely affecting success rate and network lifetime, especially in real-time applications. We propose an energy-efficient cooperative relaying scheme which extends network lifetime while guaranteeing the success rate. The optimal transmission schedule of the UAVs is formulated to minimize the maximum (min-max) energy consumption under guaranteed bit error rates, and can be judiciously reformulated and solved using standard optimisation techniques. We also propose a computationally efficient suboptimal algorithm to reduce the scheduling complexity, where energy balancing and rate adaptation are decoupled and carried out in a recursive alternating manner. Simulation results confirm that the suboptimal algorithm cuts off the complexity by orders of magnitude with marginal loss of the optimal network yield (throughput) and lifetime. The proposed suboptimal algorithm can also save energy by 50 percent, increase network yield by 15 percent, and extend network lifetime by 33 percent, compared to the prior art.

Li, M, Chen, XM & Ni, W 2016, 'An extended generalized filter algorithm for urban expressway traffic time estimation based on heterogeneous data', Journal of Intelligent Transportation Systems, vol. 20, no. 5, pp. 474-484.
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Li, Q, Ling, X & Sheng, D 2016, 'Elasto-plastic behaviour of frozen soil subjected to long-term low-level repeated loading, Part I: Experimental investigation', Cold Regions Science and Technology, vol. 125, pp. 138-151.
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Li, Q, Ling, X & Sheng, D 2016, 'Elasto-plastic behaviour of frozen soil subjected to long-term low-level repeated loading, Part II: Constitutive modelling', Cold Regions Science and Technology, vol. 122, pp. 58-70.
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Li, Q, Zheng, C, Mesgari, S, Hewkuruppu, YL, Hjerrild, N, Crisostomo, F, Rosengarten, G, Scott, JA & Taylor, RA 2016, 'Experimental and numerical investigation of volumetric versus surface solar absorbers for a concentrated solar thermal collector', Solar Energy, vol. 136, pp. 349-364.
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A low-profile concentrated solar thermal collector (<15 cm in height) was proposed and investigated to demonstrate its potential to deliver heat energy in the range of 100–250 °C. We use both experimental and numerical methods to investigate of the effect of modifying the absorber in this collector. As such, a volumetric absorber (consisting of a multi-walled carbon nanotube nanofluid contained within a glass tube) was compared against a conventional surface absorber (consisting of a black chrome-coated copper tube). The experimental and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) results were found to be in good agreement for the thermal efficiency of these two receivers. The analysis revealed that the vacuum-packaged volumetric receiver had an efficiency of 54% and 26% operating at 80 °C and 200 °C, respectively. This lower than a vacuum-packaged black chrome-coated receiver, which had an efficiency of 68% and 47% in the same concentrator, operating at the same temperatures, respectively. [Note that commercial linear concentration systems typically have efficiency in the range 44–57% at 200 °C.] The inferior performance of the volumetric receiver was found to be due to higher reflective optical and radiative heat loss from the surface of glass tube. Overall, this study reveals that the proposed low-profile collector design is suitable for utilisation in industrial and commercial heating applications, but that volumetric absorbers will require anti-reflective and good selective coatings to be competitive with surface absorbers. If these challenges can be overcome, nanofluid receivers may have a cost/manufacturing advantage since glass-to-glass vacuum sealing is easier to achieve than metal-to-glass.

Li, RH, Qin, L, Yu, JX & Mao, R 2016, 'Optimal Multi-Meeting-Point Route Search', IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data Engineering, vol. 28, no. 3, pp. 770-784.
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© 1989-2012 IEEE. Real-time ride-sharing applications (e.g., Uber and Lyft) are very popular in recent years. Motivated by the ride-sharing application, we propose a new type of query in road networks, called the optimal multi-meeting-point route (OMMPR) query. Given a road network G , a source node s , a target node t , and a set of query nodes U, the OMMPR query aims at finding the best route starting from s and ending at t such that the weighted average cost between the cost of the route and the total cost of the shortest paths from every query node to the route is minimized. We show that the problem of computing the OMMPR query is NP-hard. To answer the OMMPR query efficiently, we propose two novel parameterized solutions based on dynamic programming (DP), with the number of query nodes l (i.e., l=|U|) as a parameter, which is typically very small in practice. The two proposed parameterized algorithms run in O(3 m+ 2 n (l+\log (n))) and O(2 (m + n (l+\log (n)))) time, respectively, where n and m denote the number of nodes and edges in graph G, thus they are tractable in practice. To reduce the search space of the DP-based algorithms, we propose two novel optimized algorithms based on bidirectional DP and a carefully-designed lower bounding technique. We conduct extensive experimental studies on four large real-world road networks, and the results demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed algorithms.

Li, S, Winters, H, Jeong, S, Emwas, A-H, Vigneswaran, S & Amy, GL 2016, 'Marine bacterial transparent exopolymer particles (TEP) and TEP precursors: Characterization and RO fouling potential', Desalination, vol. 379, pp. 68-74.
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Li, W, Huang, Z, Zu, T, Shi, C, Duan, WH & Shah, SP 2016, 'Influence of nanolimestone on the hydration, mechanical strength, and autogenous shrinkage of ultrahigh-performance concrete', Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering, vol. 28, no. 1, pp. 04015068-04015068.
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© 2015 American Society of Civil Engineers. The influence of nanolimestone/nanoCaCo3 (NC) on the properties of ultrahigh-performance concrete (UHPC) cured at standard and heat conditions was experimentally investigated. The NC was used at ratios of 1, 2, and 3% as partial mass replacement for cement. Incorporating NC accelerated the hydration reactions of UHPC because of the nucleation effect. On the mechanical properties aspect, a threshold value of the NC content was found so that the compressive, flexural strengths, and flexural to compressive strength ratio of the UHPC were found to increase as the NC content increased towards the threshold content, and then to decrease with the increase of NC contents when the threshold was surpassed. Conversely, replacing cement with NC decreased flowability and increased the amount of autogenous shrinkage of the UHPC. While the NC accelerated the cement hydration process, it also acted as an effective filling material, resulting in enhanced mechanical properties and denser microstructure compared with the control UHPC mixture. Thus, through the use of NC, more environmentally friendly UHPC can be produced by reducing its cement factor and achieving enhanced engineering properties.

Li, W, Kawashima, S, Xiao, J, Corr, DJ, Shi, C & Shah, SP 2016, 'Comparative investigation on nanomechanical properties of hardened cement paste', Materials and Structures/Materiaux et Constructions, vol. 49, no. 5, pp. 1591-1604.
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© 2015, RILEM. Three types of nanomechanical methods including static nanoindentation, modulus mapping and peak-force quantitative nanomechanical mapping (QNM) were applied to investigate the quantitative nanomechanical properties of the same indent location in hardened cement paste. Compared to the nanoindentation, modulus mapping and peak-force QNM allow for evaluating local mechanical properties of a smaller area with higher resolution. Beside, the ranges of elastic modulus distribution measured by modulus mapping and peak-force QNM are relatively greater than that obtained from nanoindentation, which may be due to a result of the shaper probe and local confinement effect between multiple phases. Moreover, the average value of elastic modulus obtained using peak-force QNM were consistent with those obtained by modulus mapping, while the different in modulus probability distribution could be related to the different nanomechancial theories and contact forces. The probability distributions of elastic modulus measured using nanomechanical methods to provide a basis for the different types of phases existing in cement paste. Based on the observation with high spatial resolution, cement paste can be likely found as nanocalse granular material, in which different submicron scale or basic nanoscale grain units pack together. It indicates that the peak-force QNM can effectively provide an effective insight into the nanostructure characteristic and corresponding nanomechanical properties of cement paste.

Li, W, Luo, Z, Long, C, Wu, C, Duan, WH & Shah, SP 2016, 'Effects of nanoparticle on the dynamic behaviors of recycled aggregate concrete under impact loading', Materials and Design, vol. 112, pp. 58-66.
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A 100 mm-diameter split Hopkinson pressure bar (SHPB) was applied to investigate effects of nanoparticles on the dynamic mechanical properties of recycled aggregate concrete (RAC) under impact loading. The nano-SiO2 (NS) and nano-CaCO3 (NC) were incorporated to replace cement by mass of 1 and 2% in RACs. The impact velocities were set as 7.7, 9.8 and 11.6 m/s in the SHPB tests. The effects of nanoparticles on failure patterns, compressive strengths, elastic modulus, peak strain and dynamic increase factor (DIF) of RACs under different strain rates were analyzed and discussed. The results show that nanomodified RACs exhibit higher both quasi-static and dynamic compressive strengths compared to control RAC. Dynamic elastic modulus of RAC seems not be affected by nanoparticle dosages and impact velocities. Compared to NC, NS is more effective to improve dynamic compressive strengths of RAC. On the other hand, the nanoparticles modified RACs exhibit lower DIF values than that of the control RAC. Moreover, NC obviously more reduces the DIF values of nanomodified RAC than NS.

Li, X, Ni, W, Mao, F, Wang, W & Li, J 2016, 'A Metal‐free Approach to 3‐Aryl‐3‐hydroxy‐2‐oxindoles by Treatment of 3‐Acyloxy‐2‐oxindoles with Diaryliodonium Salts', Chemistry – An Asian Journal, vol. 11, no. 2, pp. 226-230.
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AbstractA mild, metal‐free approach has been realized for the facile construction of highly valuable 3‐(hetero)aryl‐3‐hydroxy‐2‐oxindoles. Direct arylations of 3‐acyloxy‐2‐oxindoles with diaryliodonium salts as arylation reagents are implemented in the presence of K2CO3 at room temperature without using an organometallic promoter to deliver an array of 3‐(hetero)aryl‐3‐hydroxy‐2‐oxindoles in good yields.

Li, X, Wang, G, Jing, L, Ni, W, Yan, H, Chen, C & Yan, Y-M 2016, 'A photoelectrochemical methanol fuel cell based on aligned TiO₂ nanorods decorated graphene photoanode', Chemical Communications, vol. 52, no. 12, pp. 2533-2536.
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We report the photoelectrochemical (PEC) oxidation of methanol on a rationally designed graphene-TiO₂ nanorod array (G-TNR) photoanode.

Li, Y, Li, Y & Xu, G 2016, 'Protecting private geosocial networks against practical hybrid attacks with heterogeneous information', Neurocomputing, vol. 210, pp. 81-90.
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© 2016 Elsevier B.V.GeoSocial Networks (GSNs) are becoming increasingly popular due to its power in providing high-performance and flexible service capabilities. More and more Internet users have accepted this innovative service model. However, even GSNs have great business value for data analysis by integrated with location information, it may seriously compromise users' privacy in publishing the GSN data. In this paper, we study the identity disclosure problem in publishing GSN data. We first discuss the attack problem by considering both the location-based and structure-based properties, as background knowledge, and then formalize two general models, named (k,m)-anonymity and (k,m,l)-anonymity Then we propose a complete solution to achieve (k,m)-anonymization and (k,m,l)-anonymization to prevent the released data from the above attacks above. We also take data utility into consideration by defining specific information loss metrics. It is validated by real-world data that the proposed methods can prevent GSN dataset from the attacks while retaining good utility.

Li, Y, Qiao, Y, Wang, X & Duan, R 2016, 'Tripartite-to-bipartite Entanglement Transformation by Stochastic Local Operations and Classical Communication and the Structure of Matrix Spaces', Communications in Mathematical Physics, vol. 358, no. 2, pp. 791-814.
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We study the problem of transforming a tripartite pure state to a bipartite one using stochastic local operations and classical communication (SLOCC). It is known that the tripartite-to-bipartite SLOCC convertibility is characterized by the maximal Schmidt rank of the given tripartite state, i.e. the largest Schmidt rank over those bipartite states lying in the support of the reduced density operator. In this paper, we further study this problem and exhibit novel results in both multi-copy and asymptotic settings. In the multi-copy regime, we observe that the maximal Schmidt rank is strictly super-multiplicative, i.e. the maximal Schmidt rank of the tensor product of two tripartite pure states can be strictly larger than the product of their maximal Schmidt ranks. We then provide a full characterization of those tripartite states whose maximal Schmidt rank is strictly super-multiplicative when taking tensor product with itself. In the asymptotic setting, we focus on determining the tripartite-to-bipartite SLOCC entanglement transformation rate, which turns out to be equivalent to computing the asymptotic maximal Schmidt rank of the tripartite state, defined as the regularization of its maximal Schmidt rank. Despite the difficulty caused by the super-multiplicative property, we provide explicit formulas for evaluating the asymptotic maximal Schmidt ranks of two important families of tripartite pure states, by resorting to certain results of the structure of matrix spaces, including the study of matrix semi-invariants. These formulas give a sufficient and necessary condition to determine whether a given tripartite pure state can be transformed to the bipartite maximally entangled state under SLOCC, in the asymptotic setting. Applying the recent progress on the non-commutative rank problem, we can verify this condition in deterministic polynomial time.

Li, Y, Zeng, Z & Wen, S 2016, 'Asymptotic stability analysis on nonlinear systems with leakage delay', Journal of the Franklin Institute, vol. 353, no. 3, pp. 757-779.
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Li, Z, Zhao, G, Li, S, Sun, H, Tao, R, Huang, X & Guo, YJ 2016, 'Rotation Feature Extraction for Moving Targets Based on Temporal Differencing and Image Edge Detection', IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters, vol. 13, no. 10, pp. 1512-1516.
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© 2016 IEEE. A rotation parameter extraction method based on temporal differencing and image edge detection from range-Doppler images is presented in this letter. The proposed method first detects the motion trail of the moving pixels caused by the rotating parts in temporal differential range-Doppler images using image edge detection. A Doppler-slow-time image is then generated from the edge pixels on the motion trail. Finally, the rotation parameters are extracted from the Doppler-slow-time image. The proposed method is simple, rapid, and practical. Computer simulations and experimental results demonstrate its effectiveness in terms of computation time compared with existing methods.

Liang, J, Wu, J, Zhang, N, Luo, Z & Zhu, S 2016, 'Interval uncertain analysis of active hydraulically interconnected suspension system', Advances in Mechanical Engineering, vol. 8, no. 5, pp. 168781401664633-168781401664633.
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Uncertainty exists in many industry fields and needs to be dealt properly to avoid unexpected failure. This article proposes a new approach to deal with the uncertain problems encountered by the mathematical modeling of an active hydraulically interconnected suspension system. As the need for both riding comfort and the controllability is soaring nowadays, the traditional passive and semi-active suspension system could barely keep up with the pace, and the proposed active hydraulic system could be one of the solutions. In order to deal with the uncertain factors in the hydraulic system, an interval analysis method for the dynamic responses of nonlinear systems with uncertain-but-bounded parameters using Chebyshev polynomial series is introduced. The comparisons conducted in this article demonstrate the accuracy and computational efficiency of the proposed uncertain problem solver and reveal the influences of uncertain parameters in fluid and mechanical components on the dynamic responses of active hydraulically interconnected suspension.

Lienhard, B, Schröder, T, Mouradian, S, Dolde, F, Tran, TT, Aharonovich, I & Englund, D 2016, 'Bright and photostable single-photon emitter in silicon carbide', Optica, vol. 3, no. 7, pp. 768-768.
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Light, A, Pedell, S, Robertson, T, Waycott, J, Bell, J, Durick, J & Leong, TW 2016, 'What's Special about Aging', Interactions, vol. 23, no. 2, pp. 66-69.
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Community + Culture features practitioner perspectives on designing technologies for and with communities. We highlight compelling projects and provocative points of view that speak to both community technology practice and the interaction design field as a whole. - Christopher A. Le Dantec, Editor.

Lim, M-H, Verma, S, Mai, G & Yuen, PC 2016, 'Learning discriminability-preserving histogram representation from unordered features for multibiometric feature-fused-template protection', Pattern Recognition, vol. 60, pp. 706-719.
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Lin, C-T, Chuang, C-H, Kerick, S, Mullen, T, Jung, T-P, Ko, L-W, Chen, S-A, King, J-T & McDowell, K 2016, 'Mind-Wandering Tends to Occur under Low Perceptual Demands during Driving', Scientific Reports, vol. 6, no. 1.
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AbstractFluctuations in attention behind the wheel poses a significant risk for driver safety. During transient periods of inattention, drivers may shift their attention towards internally-directed thoughts or feelings at the expense of staying focused on the road. This study examined whether increasing task difficulty by manipulating involved sensory modalities as the driver detected the lane-departure in a simulated driving task would promote a shift of brain activity between different modes of processing, reflected by brain network dynamics on electroencephalographic sources. Results showed that depriving the driver of salient sensory information imposes a relatively more perceptually-demanding task, leading to a stronger activation in the task-positive network. When the vehicle motion feedback is available, the drivers may rely on vehicle motion to perceive the perturbations, which frees attentional capacity and tends to activate the default mode network. Such brain network dynamics could have major implications for understanding fluctuations in driver attention and designing advance driver assistance systems.

Ling, SH, Chan, KY, Leung, FHF, Jiang, F & Nguyen, H 2016, 'Quality and robustness improvement for real world industrial systems using a fuzzy particle swarm optimization', ENGINEERING APPLICATIONS OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE, vol. 47, pp. 68-80.
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© 2015 Elsevier Ltd. This paper presents a novel fuzzy particle swarm optimization with cross-mutated (FPSOCM) operation, where a fuzzy logic system developed based on the knowledge of swarm intelligence is proposed to determine the inertia weight for the swarm movement of particle swarm optimization (PSO) and the control parameter of a newly introduced cross-mutated operation. Hence, the inertia weight of the PSO can be adaptive with respect to the search progress. The new cross-mutated operation intends to drive the solution to escape from local optima. A suite of benchmark test functions are employed to evaluate the performance of the proposed FPSOCM. Experimental results show empirically that the FPSOCM performs better than the existing hybrid PSO methods in terms of solution quality, robustness, and convergence rate. The proposed FPSOCM is evaluated by improving the quality and robustness of two real world industrial systems namely economic load dispatch system and self-provisioning systems for communication network services. These two systems are employed to evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed FPSOCM as they are multi-optima and non-convex problems. The performance of FPSOCM is found to be significantly better than that of the existing hybrid PSO methods in a statistical sense. These results demonstrate that the proposed FPSOCM is a good candidate for solving product or service engineering problems which have multi-optima or non-convex natures.

Ling, SH, San, PP & Nguyen, HT 2016, 'Non-invasive hypoglycemia monitoring system using extreme learning machine for Type 1 diabetes', ISA TRANSACTIONS, vol. 64, pp. 440-446.
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Hypoglycemia is a very common in type 1 diabetic persons and can occur at any age. It is always threatening to the well-being of patients with Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) since hypoglycemia leads to seizures or loss of consciousness and the possible development of permanent brain dysfunction under certain circumstances. Because of that, an accurate continuing hypoglycemia monitoring system is a very important medical device for diabetic patients. In this paper, we proposed a non-invasive hypoglycemia monitoring system using the physiological parameters of electrocardiography (ECG) signal. To enhance the detection accuracy, extreme learning machine (ELM) is developed to recognize the presence of hypoglycemia. A clinical study of 16 children with T1DM is given to illustrate the good performance of ELM.

Liu, B, Zhou, W, Zhu, T, Gao, L, Luan, TH & Zhou, H 2016, 'Silence is Golden: Enhancing Privacy of Location-Based Services by Content Broadcasting and Active Caching in Wireless Vehicular Networks', IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology, vol. 65, no. 12, pp. 9942-9953.
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Liu, B, Zhou, W, Zhu, T, Zhou, H & Lin, X 2016, 'Invisible Hand: A Privacy Preserving Mobile Crowd Sensing Framework Based on Economic Models', IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology, vol. 66, no. 5, pp. 1-1.
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Liu, C, Zhu, J, Wang, Y, Lei, G & Guo, Y 2016, 'Cogging Torque Minimization of SMC PM Transverse Flux Machines Using Shifted and Unequal-Width Stator Teeth', IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, vol. 26, no. 4, pp. 1-4.
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Liu, C, Zhu, J, Wang, Y, Lei, G & Guo, Y 2016, 'Design Considerations of PM Transverse Flux Machines With Soft Magnetic Composite Cores', IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, vol. 26, no. 4, pp. 1-5.
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Liu, D, Xu, X, Du, Y, Qin, X, Zhang, Y, Ma, C, Wen, S, Ren, W, Goldys, EM, Piper, JA, Dou, S, Liu, X & Jin, D 2016, 'Three-dimensional controlled growth of monodisperse sub-50 nm heterogeneous nanocrystals', Nature Communications, vol. 7, no. 1, pp. 1-8.
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The ultimate frontier in nanomaterials engineering is to realize their composition control with atomic scale precision to enable fabrication of nanoparticles with desirable size, shape and surface properties. Such control becomes even more useful when growing hybrid nanocrystals designed to integrate multiple functionalities. Here we report achieving such degree of control in a family of rare-earth-doped nanomaterials. We experimentally verify the co-existence and different roles of oleate anions (OA -) and molecules (OAH) in the crystal formation. We identify that the control over the ratio of OA - to OAH can be used to directionally inhibit, promote or etch the crystallographic facets of the nanoparticles. This control enables selective grafting of shells with complex morphologies grown over nanocrystal cores, thus allowing the fabrication of a diverse library of monodisperse sub-50 nm nanoparticles. With such programmable additive and subtractive engineering a variety of three-dimensional shapes can be implemented using a bottom-up scalable approach.

Liu, D, Xu, X, Wang, F, Zhou, J, Mi, C, Zhang, L, Lu, Y, Ma, C, Goldys, E, Lin, J & Jin, D 2016, 'Emission stability and reversibility of upconversion nanocrystals', Journal of Materials Chemistry C, vol. 4, no. 39, pp. 9227-9234.
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We report the emission stability and reversibility of NaYF₄:Yb³⁺,Er³⁺ core and core–shell nanocrystals at different temperatures and pH values.

Liu, H, Boon, CC, He, X, Zhu, X, Yi, X, Kong, L & Heimlich, MC 2016, 'A Wideband Analog-Controlled Variable-Gain Amplifier With dB-Linear Characteristic for High-Frequency Applications', IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques, vol. 64, no. 2, pp. 1-8.
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A higher frequency, over 2 GHz, is suggested for current 4G or 5G wideband applications. By adopting a unique gain control method, an analog-controlled variable-gain amplifier (VGA) with an accurate dB-linear characteristic is presented. The designed VGA not only features large bandwidth, but also has accurate gain adjustment with a relatively wide control voltage range. The VGA has a measured gain range of 24 dB, of which 17.3 dB is dB-linear with less than ±0.3-dB gain error. The -3-dB bandwidth is relatively constant from 2 to 2.2 GHz for the entire dB-linear range. An output 1-dB compression point of 1.8 dBm and a noise figure of 24 dB are measured. Due to the simple structure, the current consumption of the VGA core is only 2.9 mA from a 1.2-V supply, and the size is only 225 μm×45 μm, excluding pads. Moreover, the robustness of the designed VGA is verified by means of Monte Carlo simulation.

Liu, H, Hu, Z, Zhang, J, Ngo, HH, Guo, W, Liang, S, Fan, J, Lu, S & Wu, H 2016, 'Optimizations on supply and distribution of dissolved oxygen in constructed wetlands: A review', Bioresource Technology, vol. 214, pp. 797-805.
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Liu, H, Xu, M, Wang, J, Rao, T & Burnett, I 2016, 'Improving Visual Saliency Computing With Emotion Intensity', IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks and Learning Systems, vol. 27, no. 6, pp. 1201-1213.
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Liu, J, Ji, J & Zhou, J 2016, 'Synchronization of networked multibody systems using fundamental equation of mechanics', APPLIED MATHEMATICS AND MECHANICS-ENGLISH EDITION, vol. 37, no. 5, pp. 555-572.
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Liu, L, Bannerman, PL, Ding, X, Elliott, EJ, Ewart, G & Kong, X 2016, 'The motives for and consequences of underpricing for construction contractors-evidence from Australia', Journal of Modern Project Management, vol. 3, no. 3, pp. 36-45.
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Over the period of 2011-2013, there was a spate of bankruptcies of medium-to-large Australian construction contractors (many of whom were well-established), coinciding with a prolonged decline of the property market. Anecdotal evidence suggests that underpricing played a major role in the collapse of these companies and the financial misfortune of many major Australian construction contractors. On the other hand, anecdotal evidence also suggests that underpricing can be an effective tactic to penetrate markets or weaken competitors when used as part of a strategic mix-a double-edged sword. Because of the political sensitivity of the topic of underpricing, there has been a dearth of research in this area. This study investigates the extent and consequences of the practice of underpricing (in the Australian context), where it is defined as the submission of a tender price at a significantly lower level than the best estimate for the costs, profit margins, and risks of the construction project. Drawing from the literature on construction tender- price formulation, we develop a framework that separates the motives for underpricing into need-for-work and marketing-based competitive pricing; and predict the consequences of the practice of underpricing in terms of adverse financial consequence or profitability in circumstances driven by the two different motives. The framework is validated through data analysis based on a survey of the members of the Australian Institute of Quantity Surveyors and randomly selected large contractors. Underpricing was found to be prevalent in construction projects. Contributing to the literature, the results show that when underpricing is primarily driven by a contractor's need for work to maintain cash flow; underpricing contractors are likely to engage in deceptive practices, such as submission of unwarranted variations or reducing the standard of work. Further, the findings indicate that, although such deceptive conduct could lead to s...

Liu, Q, Song, J & Li, J 2016, 'Using contrast patterns between true complexes and random subgraphs in PPI networks to predict unknown protein complexes', Scientific Reports, vol. 6, no. 1, pp. 1-15.
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AbstractMost protein complex detection methods utilize unsupervised techniques to cluster densely connected nodes in a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network, in spite of the fact that many true complexes are not dense subgraphs. Supervised methods have been proposed recently, but they do not answer why a group of proteins are predicted as a complex, and they have not investigated how to detect new complexes of one species by training the model on the PPI data of another species. We propose a novel supervised method to address these issues. The key idea is to discover emerging patterns (EPs), a type of contrast pattern, which can clearly distinguish true complexes from random subgraphs in a PPI network. An integrative score of EPs is defined to measure how likely a subgraph of proteins can form a complex. New complexes thus can grow from our seed proteins by iteratively updating this score. The performance of our method is tested on eight benchmark PPI datasets and compared with seven unsupervised methods, two supervised and one semi-supervised methods under five standards to assess the quality of the predicted complexes. The results show that in most cases our method achieved a better performance, sometimes significantly.

Liu, S, Li, W, Davis, S, Ritz, C & Tian, H 2016, 'Planogram Compliance Checking Based on Detection of Recurring Patterns', IEEE MultiMedia, vol. 23, no. 2, pp. 54-63.
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In this paper, a novel method for automatic planogram compliance checking in retail chains is proposed without requiring product template images for training. Product layout is extracted from an input image by means of unsupervised recurring pattern detection and matched via graph matching with the expected product layout specified by a planogram to measure the level of compliance. A divide and conquer strategy is employed to improve the speed. Specifically, the input image is divided into several regions based on the planogram. Recurring patterns are detected in each region respectively and then merged together to estimate the product layout. Experimental results on real data have verified the efficacy of the proposed method. Compared with a template-based method, higher accuracies are achieved by the proposed method over a wide range of products.

Liu, W, Chen, X, Wu, Q & Yang, J 2016, 'Fast robust detection of edges in noisy depth images', Journal of Electronic Imaging, vol. 25, no. 5, pp. 053003-053003.
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© 2016 SPIE and IS & T. Depth edges play an important role in depth image upsampling. Many recent upsampling methods rely on the prior images of depth edges to preserve sharp depth edges in restored depth images. However, recent depth edge detection methods are not robust against the noise in depth images. Some methods are also too time-consuming. We propose a method to efficiently detect edges in depth images. The proposed method is very simple but very robust against the noise in depth images. It is also fast and has near O(1) implementation. We apply the proposed method to the existing edge guided depth image upsampling. Experimental results on both simulated and real data show the effectiveness of the proposed method.

Liu, W, Gao, C, Chang, X & Wu, Q 2016, 'Unified discriminating feature analysis for visual category recognition', Journal of Visual Communication and Image Representation, vol. 40, pp. 772-778.
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© 2016 Elsevier Inc. Visual category recognition (VCR) is one of the most important tasks in image and video indexing. To deal with high dimension image/video data, feature analysis algorithms have been widely used for visual category recognition. In this paper, to enhance the flexibility regarding the exploitation of labeled or unlabeled data, we propose a unified feature analysis framework that can be applied to both supervised and semi-supervised scenarios. Furthermore, by revealing intrinsic relationships of traditional feature analysis methods, our framework not only integrates traditional methods, but also introduces an ℓ2,1-norm regularization term for sparse learning. Extensive experiments report that the proposed method obtains advantageous performance in comparison with other state-of-the-art supervised and semi-supervised feature selection algorithms.

Liu, W, Luo, X, Gong, Z, Xuan, J, Kou, NM & Xu, Z 2016, 'Discovering the core semantics of event from social media', Future Generation Computer Systems, vol. 64, pp. 175-185.
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Liu, W, Luo, X, Xuan, J, Xu, Z & Jiang, D 2016, 'Cognitive memory-inspired sentence ordering model.', Knowl. Based Syst., vol. 104, pp. 1-13.
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Liu, X, Wang, Y, Zhu, J, Guo, Y, Lei, G & Liu, C 2016, 'Calculation of Capacitance in High-Frequency Transformer Windings', IEEE Transactions on Magnetics, vol. 52, no. 7, pp. 1-4.
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Liu, X, Wang, Y, Zhu, J, Guo, Y, Lei, G & Liu, C 2016, 'Calculation of core loss and copper loss in amorphous/nanocrystalline core-based high-frequency transformer', AIP Advances, vol. 6, no. 5, pp. 055927-055927.
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© 2016 Author(s). Amorphous and nanocrystalline alloys are now widely used for the cores of high-frequency transformers, and Litz-wire is commonly used as the windings, while it is difficult to calculate the resistance accurately. In order to design a high-frequency transformer, it is important to accurately calculate the core loss and copper loss. To calculate the core loss accurately, the additional core loss by the effect of end stripe should be considered. It is difficult to simulate the whole stripes in the core due to the limit of computation, so a scale down model with 5 stripes of amorphous alloy is simulated by the 2D finite element method (FEM). An analytical model is presented to calculate the copper loss in the Litz-wire, and the results are compared with the calculations by FEM.

Liu, X, Zeng, Z & Wen, S 2016, 'Implementation of Memristive Neural Network With Full-Function Pavlov Associative Memory', IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I: Regular Papers, vol. 63, no. 9, pp. 1454-1463.
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Liu, Y, Chen, S-L, Zhang, L & Liu, QH 2016, 'Determining the First-Null Mainlobe Region of an Arbitrary Pattern for 2-D Numerical Pattern Synthesis Algorithm', IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, vol. 64, no. 3, pp. 1130-1136.
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Liu, Y, Li, K, Jia, Y, Hao, Y, Gong, S & Guo, YJ 2016, 'Wideband RCS Reduction of a Slot Array Antenna Using Polarization Conversion Metasurfaces', IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, vol. 64, no. 1, pp. 326-331.
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© 2015 IEEE. A new approach to reducing the monostatic radar cross section (RCS) and preserving the radiation characteristics of a slot array antenna by employing polarization conversion metasurfaces (PCMs) is presented in this communication. The PCM is arranged in a chessboard configuration consisting of fishbone-shaped element. It is placed on the surface of the slot array antenna. The characteristics and mechanism of the RCS reduction are analyzed. Simulated and experimental results show that the monostatic RCS reduction band of the antenna with PCM ranges between 6.0 and 18.0 GHz for normally impinging both x-and y-polarized waves. The radiation characteristics of the antenna are well preserved simultaneously in terms of the impedance bandwidth, radiation patterns, and realized boresight gains.

Liu, Y, Ngo, HH, Guo, W, Peng, L, Pan, Y, Guo, J, Chen, X & Ni, B-J 2016, 'Autotrophic nitrogen removal in membrane-aerated biofilms: Archaeal ammonia oxidation versus bacterial ammonia oxidation', Chemical Engineering Journal, vol. 302, pp. 535-544.
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Liu, Y, Peng, L, Ngo, HH, Guo, W, Wang, D, Pan, Y, Sun, J & Ni, B-J 2016, 'Evaluation of Nitrous Oxide Emission from Sulfide- and Sulfur-Based Autotrophic Denitrification Processes', Environmental Science & Technology, vol. 50, no. 17, pp. 9407-9415.
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Liu, Y, Sun, J, Peng, L, Wang, D, Dai, X & Ni, B-J 2016, 'Assessment of Heterotrophic Growth Supported by Soluble Microbial Products in Anammox Biofilm using Multidimensional Modeling', Scientific Reports, vol. 6, no. 1.
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AbstractAnaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) is known to autotrophically convert ammonium to dinitrogen gas with nitrite as the electron acceptor, but little is known about their released microbial products and how these are relative to heterotrophic growth in anammox system. In this work, we applied a mathematical model to assess the heterotrophic growth supported by three key microbial products produced by bacteria in anammox biofilm (utilization associated products (UAP), biomass associated products (BAP), and decay released substrate). Both One-dimensional and two-dimensional numerical biofilm models were developed to describe the development of anammox biofilm as a function of the multiple bacteria–substrate interactions. Model simulations show that UAP of anammox is the main organic carbon source for heterotrophs. Heterotrophs are mainly dominant at the surface of the anammox biofilm with small fraction inside the biofilm. 1-D model is sufficient to describe the main substrate concentrations/fluxes within the anammox biofilm, while the 2-D model can give a more detailed biomass distribution. The heterotrophic growth on UAP is mainly present at the outside of anammox biofilm, their growth on BAP (HetB) are present throughout the biofilm, while the growth on decay released substrate (HetD) is mainly located in the inner layers of the biofilm.

Liu, Y, Tugtas, AE, Sharma, KR, Ni, BJ & Yuan, Z 2016, 'Sulfide and methane production in sewer sediments: Field survey and model evaluation', Water Research, vol. 89, pp. 142-150.
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© 2015 Elsevier Ltd. Sewer sediment processes have been reported to significantly contribute to overall sulfide and methane production in sewers, at a scale comparable to that of sewer biofilms. The physiochemical and biological characteristics of sewer sediments are heterogeneous; however, the variability of in-sediments sulfide and methane production rates among sewers has not been assessed to date. In this study, five sewer sediment samples were collected from two cities in Australia with different climatic conditions. Batch assays were conducted to determine the rates of sulfate reduction and methane production under different flow velocity (shear stress) conditions as well as under completely mixed conditions. The tests showed substantial and variable sulfate reduction and methane production activities among different sediments. Sulfate reduction and methane production from sewer sediments were confirmed to be areal processes, and were dependent on flow velocity/shear stress. Despite of the varying characteristics and reactions kinetics, the sulfate reduction and methane production processes in all sediments could be well described by a one-dimensional sewer sediment model recently developed based on results obtained from a laboratory sewer sediment reactor. Model simulations indicated that the in-situ contribution of sewer sediment emissions could be estimated without the requirement of measuring the specific sediment characteristics or the sediment depths.

Liu, Y, Wang, Y, Sowmya, A & Chen, F 2016, 'Soft Hough Forest-ERTs: Generalized Hough Transform based object detection from soft-labelled training data', Pattern Recognition, vol. 60, pp. 145-156.
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Classical supervised object detection methods learn object models from labelled training data. This is tedious to create especially when the training dataset is large. Detection methods such as background subtraction and headlight detection can detect potential positive blobs that may contain the object without labelled training data. However, such blobs are not always accurate. They may include noise such as part of an object, multiple objects and other types of objects. Therefore, soft labels that indicate their probability of being positive may be more useful. A modified soft label estimation method based on Maximum Mean Discrepancy is introduced in this work. Based on it, a Generalized Hough Transform based object detection method from soft-labelled training data is proposed to utilize potential detections and their estimated soft labels. Experimental results show that the method can achieve comparable performance to supervised methods. It outperforms both Generalized Hough Transform based object detection with hard-labelled training blobs, and a state-of-the-art weakly supervised method.

Liu, Y-T, Lin, Y-Y, Wu, S-L, Chuang, C-H & Lin, C-T 2016, 'Brain Dynamics in Predicting Driving Fatigue Using a Recurrent Self-Evolving Fuzzy Neural Network', IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks and Learning Systems, vol. 27, no. 2, pp. 347-360.
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Liu, Z, Liang, J & Wu, C 2016, 'The diffraction of Rayleigh waves by a fluid-saturated alluvial valley in a poroelastic half-space modeled by MFS', Computers & Geosciences, vol. 91, pp. 33-48.
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Llopis-Albert, C, Merigó, JM & Xu, Y 2016, 'A coupled stochastic inverse/sharp interface seawater intrusion approach for coastal aquifers under groundwater parameter uncertainty', Journal of Hydrology, vol. 540, pp. 774-783.
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Llopis-Albert, C, Palacios-Marqués, D & Merigó, JM 2016, 'Decision making under uncertainty in environmental projects using mathematical simulation modeling', Environmental Earth Sciences, vol. 75, no. 19.
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Lloret‐Cabot, M, Sloan, SW, Sheng, D & Abbo, AJ 2016, 'Error behaviour in explicit integration algorithms with automatic substepping', International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering, vol. 108, no. 9, pp. 1030-1053.
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SummaryThis paper studies the behaviour of the error incurred when numerically integrating the elasto‐plastic mechanical relationships of a constitutive model for soils using an explicit substepping formulation with automatic error control. The correct update of all the variables involved in the numerical integration of the incremental stress–strain relationships is central to the computational performance of the integration scheme, and, although often missed in the literature, all variables (including specific volume) should be explicitly considered in the algorithmic formulation. This is demonstrated in the paper by studying, in the context of the Cam clay formulations for saturated soils, the influence that the updating of the specific volume has on the accuracy of the numerical solution. The fact that the variation of the local error with the size of the integrated strain depends on the order of local accuracy of the numerical method is also used in the paper to propose a simple and powerful strategy to verify the correctness of the implemented mathematical formulation. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Loke, L & Kocaballi, AB 2016, 'Choreographic Inscriptions: A Framework for Exploring Sociomaterial Influences on Qualities of Movement for HCI', Human Technology, vol. 12, no. 1, pp. 31-55.
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© 2016 Lian Loke & A. Baki Kocaballi, and the Agora Center, University of Jyväskylä. With the rise of ubiquitous computing technologies in everyday life, the daily actions of people are becoming ever more choreographed by the interactions available through technology. By combining the notion of inscriptions from actor-network theory and the qualitative descriptors of movement from Laban movement analysis, an analytic framework is proposed for exploring how the interplay of material and social inscriptions gives rise to movement patterns and behaviors, translated into choreographic inscriptions described with Laban effort and shape. It is demonstrated through a case study of an affective gesture mobile device. The framework provides an understanding of (a) how movement qualities are shaped by social and material inscriptions, (b) how the relative strength of inscriptions on movements may change according to different settings and user appropriation over time, and (c) how transforming inscriptions by design across different mediums can generate action spaces with varying degrees of openness.

Long, Z, Duckham, M, Li, S & Schockaert, S 2016, 'Indexing large geographic datasets with compact qualitative representation', International Journal of Geographical Information Science, vol. 30, no. 6, pp. 1072-1094.
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© 2015 Taylor & Francis This paper develops a new mechanism to efficiently compute and compactly store qualitative spatial relations between spatial objects, focusing on topological and directional relations for large datasets of region objects. The central idea is to use minimum bounding rectangles (MBRs) to approximately represent region objects with arbitrary shape and complexity and only store spatial relations that cannot be unambiguously inferred from the relations of corresponding MBRs. We demonstrate, both in theory and practice, that our approach requires considerably less construction time and storage space, and can answer queries more efficiently than the state-of-the-art methods.

Lopez-Lorca, A, Beydoun, G, Valencia-Garcia, R & Martinez-Bejar, R 2016, 'Automating the reuse of domain knowledge to improve the modelling outcome from interactions between developers and clients', COMPUTING, vol. 98, no. 6, pp. 609-640.
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Lopez-Lorca, AA, Beydoun, G, Valencia-Garcia, R & Martinez-Bejar, R 2016, 'Supporting agent oriented requirement analysis with ontologies', INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HUMAN-COMPUTER STUDIES, vol. 87, pp. 20-37.
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Lozano, FJ, Freire, P, Guillén-Gozalbez, G, Jiménez-Gonzalez, C, Sakao, T, Dowell, NM, Ortiz, MG, Trianni, A, Carpenter, A & Viveros, T 2016, 'New perspectives for sustainable resource and energy use, management and transformation: approaches from green and sustainable chemistry and engineering', Journal of Cleaner Production, vol. 118, pp. 1-3.
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Lu, DD-C 2016, 'High Voltage Stress in Single-Phase Single-Stage PFC Converters: Analysis and an Alternative Solution', IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, vol. 63, no. 1, pp. 133-143.
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Lu, DD-C, Soon, JL & Verstraete, D 2016, 'Derivation of Dual-Switch Step-Down DC/DC Converters With Fault-Tolerant Capability', IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, vol. 31, no. 9, pp. 6064-6068.
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Lu, G, Wang, G, Wang, P-H, Yang, Z, Yan, H, Ni, W, Zhang, L & Yan, Y-M 2016, 'Enhanced capacitive deionization performance with carbon electrodes prepared with a modified evaporation casting method', Desalination, vol. 386, pp. 32-38.
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Lu, J, Han, J, Hu, Y & Zhang, G 2016, 'Multilevel decision-making: A survey', Information Sciences, vol. 346-347, pp. 463-487.
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© 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Multilevel decision-making techniques aim to deal with decentralized management problems that feature interactive decision entities distributed throughout a multiple level hierarchy. Significant efforts have been devoted to understanding the fundamental concepts and developing diverse solution algorithms associated with multilevel decision-making by researchers in areas of both mathematics/computer science and business areas. Researchers have emphasized the importance of developing a range of multilevel decision-making techniques to handle a wide variety of management and optimization problems in real-world applications, and have successfully gained experience in this area. It is thus vital that a high quality, instructive review of current trends should be conducted, not only of the theoretical research results but also the practical developments in multilevel decision-making in business. This paper systematically reviews up-to-date multilevel decision-making techniques and clusters related technique developments into four main categories: bi-level decision-making (including multi-objective and multi-follower situations), tri-level decision-making, fuzzy multilevel decision-making, and the applications of these techniques in different domains. By providing state-of-the-art knowledge, this survey will directly support researchers and practical professionals in their understanding of developments in theoretical research results and applications in relation to multilevel decision-making techniques.

Lu, M, Liang, J, Wang, Z & Yuan, X 2016, 'Exploring OD patterns of interested region based on taxi trajectories', Journal of Visualization, vol. 19, no. 4, pp. 811-821.
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Traffics of different regions in a city have different Origin-Destination (OD) patterns, which potentially reveal the surrounding traffic context and social functions. In this work, we present a visual analysis system to explore OD patterns of interested regions based on taxi trajectories. The system integrates interactive trajectory filtering with visual OD patterns exploration. Trajectories related to interested region are selected by a suite of graphical filtering tools, from which OD clusters are detected automatically. OD traffic patterns can be explored at two levels: overview of OD and detailed exploration on dynamic OD patterns, including information of dynamic traffic volume and travel time. By testing on real taxi trajectory data sets, we demonstrate the effectiveness of our system.

Lu, M, Sloan, SW, Indraratna, B, Jing, H & Xie, K 2016, 'A new analytical model for consolidation with multiple vertical drains', International Journal for Numerical and Analytical Methods in Geomechanics, vol. 40, no. 11, pp. 1623-1640.
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SummaryVarious analytical theories of consolidation for soils with vertical drains have been proposed in the past. Most conventional theories are based on a cylindrical unit cell that contains only a single vertical drain. This paper described a new analytical model where a vertical drain located at the centre (the ‘inner vertical drain’) and is surrounded by two or three vertical drains (the ‘outer vertical drains’), the number of which depends on whether the configuration is triangular or rectangular. Both types of drains are combined into a cylindrical unit cell, and the water is assumed to flow both inwards to the inner vertical drain and outwards to the outer vertical drains distributed around the circumference. The outer radial boundary of the unit cell is regarded as a permeable boundary, with a drainage capacity of two or three separate vertical drains for triangular and rectangular configurations, respectively. The smear effects and the drainage resistances for both the inner and outer vertical drains are considered in the analysis as well. In this way, the equations governing the consolidation process with multiple vertical drains are derived, and the corresponding analytical solutions are obtained for instantaneously loading, ramp loading and multi‐stage of instantaneously loading and multi‐stage of ramp loading. The present solutions are finally compared with several conventional solutions for a single vertical drain in the literature. The results show that the present model predicts the same average degree of consolidation as conventional models do, which verifies the correctness of this new model. Finally, the settlement predicted by the present solution is compared with the measured settlement from a field test at the Port of Brisbane, Australia, which shows a good agreement between them. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Lu, N, Lu, J, Zhang, G & Lopez de Mantaras, R 2016, 'A concept drift-tolerant case-base editing technique', ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE, vol. 230, pp. 108-133.
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Lu, S, Chen, F, Ngo, HH, Guo, W, Feng, C, Wu, J & Zheng, B 2016, 'Effect of straw and polyacrylamide on the stability of land/water ecotone soil and the field implementation', Ecological Engineering, vol. 94, pp. 12-21.
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Luccio, F, Mans, B, Mathieson, L & Pagli, L 2016, 'Complete Balancing via Rotation', The Computer Journal, vol. 59, no. 8, pp. 1252-1263.
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Luo, L, Jiang, Z, Wei, D, Manabe, K-I, Zhao, X, Wu, D & Furushima, T 2016, 'Effects of surface roughness on micro deep drawing of circular cups with consideration of size effects', Finite Elements in Analysis and Design, vol. 111, pp. 46-55.
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Luo, L, Wang, XC, Ngo, HH & Guo, W 2016, 'Thermodynamic entropy of organic oxidation in the water environment: experimental evaluation compared to semi-empirical calculation', Environmental Science and Pollution Research, vol. 23, no. 21, pp. 21350-21359.
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Luo, Q & Tong, L 2016, 'An algorithm for eradicating the effects of void elements on structural topology optimization for nonlinear compliance', Structural and Multidisciplinary Optimization, vol. 53, no. 4, pp. 695-714.
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Luo, Q & Tong, L 2016, 'Elimination of the Effects of Low Density Elements in Topology Optimization of Buckling Structures', International Journal of Computational Methods, vol. 13, no. 06, pp. 1650041-1650041.
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This paper presents an algorithm for structural topology optimization involving linear buckling. In this algorithm, finite element analysis (FEA) is conducted only in a domain with solid and gray elements, eliminating the contribution of low density elements; and the response function is constructed in the full design domain accounting the contribution of removed low density elements. The errors induced by removing void elements in FEA on eigenvalue and eigenvectors are analyzed. By introducing a dynamic low bound of the first eigenvalue and a load-path coefficient, the algorithm allows converged, nondisjointed and accurate solutions for topology optimization of structures involving buckling. Numerical results are presented for plate and column-beam structures against linear buckling to illustrate the efficiency and effectiveness of the present algorithm. Buckling experiments of the plates manufactured from the obtained topologies further verify the present algorithm.

Luo, Q & Tong, L 2016, 'Solutions for Clamped Adhesively Bonded Single Lap Joint With Movement of Support End and Its Application to a Carbon Nanotube Junction in Tension', The Journal of Adhesion, vol. 92, no. 5, pp. 349-379.
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Luo, W, Hai, FI, Price, WE, Guo, W, Ngo, HH, Yamamoto, K & Nghiem, LD 2016, 'Phosphorus and water recovery by a novel osmotic membrane bioreactor–reverse osmosis system', Bioresource Technology, vol. 200, pp. 297-304.
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Luo, W, Phan, HV, Hai, FI, Price, WE, Guo, W, Ngo, HH, Yamamoto, K & Nghiem, LD 2016, 'Effects of salinity build-up on the performance and bacterial community structure of a membrane bioreactor', Bioresource Technology, vol. 200, pp. 305-310.
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Luo, X, Xuan, J, Lu, J & Zhang, G 2016, 'Measuring the Semantic Uncertainty of News Events for Evolution Potential Estimation', ACM TRANSACTIONS ON INFORMATION SYSTEMS, vol. 34, no. 4.
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Luong, NC, Hoang, DT, Wang, P, Niyato, D, Kim, DI & Han, Z 2016, 'Data Collection and Wireless Communication in Internet of Things (IoT) Using Economic Analysis and Pricing Models: A Survey', IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials, vol. 18, no. 4, pp. 2546-2590.
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Lyu, M, Zhu, X & Yang, Q 2016, 'Dynamic field monitoring data analysis of an ancient wooden building in seismic and operational environments', Earthquakes and Structures, vol. 11, no. 6, pp. 1043-1060.
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Ma, C, Xu, X, Wang, F, Zhou, Z, Wen, S, Liu, D, Fang, J, Lang, CI & Jin, D 2016, 'Probing the Interior Crystal Quality in the Development of More Efficient and Smaller Upconversion Nanoparticles', The Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters, vol. 7, no. 16, pp. 3252-3258.
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Optical biomedical imaging using luminescent nanoparticles as contrast agents prefers small size, as they can be used at high dosages and efficiently cleared from body. Reducing nanoparticle size is critical for the stability and specificity for the fluorescence nanoparticles probes for in vitro diagnostics and subcellular imaging. The development of smaller and brighter upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) is accordingly a goal for complex imaging in bioenvironments. At present, however, small UCNPs are reported to exhibit less emission intensity due to increased surface deactivation and decreased number of dopants. Here we show that smaller and more efficient UCNPs can be made by improving the interior crystal quality via controlling heating rate during synthesis. We further developed a unique quantitative method for optical characterizations on the single UCNPs with varied sizes and the corresponding shell passivated UCNPs, confirming that the internal crystal quality dominates the relative emission efficiency of the UCNPs.

Ma, J, Ni, W, Yin, J, Liu, RP, Yuan, Y & Fang, B 2016, 'Modeling Mobile Cellular Networks Based on Social Characteristics', International Journal of Computers Communications & Control, vol. 11, no. 4, pp. 480-480.
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Social characteristics have become an important aspect of cellular systems, particularly in next generation networks where cells are miniaturised and social effects can have considerable impacts on network operations. Traffic load demonstrates strong spatial and temporal fluctuations caused by users social activities. In this article, we introduce a new modelling method which integrates the social aspects of individual cells in modelling cellular networks. In the new method, entropy based social characteristics and time sequences of traffic fluctuations are defined as key measures, and jointly evaluated. Spectral clustering techniques can be extended and applied to categorise cells based on these key parameters. Based on the social characteristics respectively, we implement multi-dimensional clustering technologies, and categorize the base stations. Experimental studies are carried out to validate our proposed model, and the effectiveness of the model is confirmed through the consistency between measurements and model. In practice, our modelling method can be used for network planning and parameter dimensioning to facilitate cellular network design, deployments and operations.

Ma, X, Jackson, T, Zhou, H, Chen, J, Lu, D, Mazurek, MD, Fisher, KAG, Peng, X, Kribs, D, Resch, KJ, Ji, Z, Zeng, B & Laflamme, R 2016, 'Pure State Tomography with Pauli Measurements', Phys. Rev. A, vol. 93, no. 3, p. 032140.
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We examine the problem of finding the minimum number of Pauli measurements needed to uniquely determine an arbitrary $n$-qubit pure state among all quantum states. We show that only $11$ Pauli measurements are needed to determine an arbitrary two-qubit pure state compared to the full quantum state tomography with $16$ measurements, and only $31$ Pauli measurements are needed to determine an arbitrary three-qubit pure state compared to the full quantum state tomography with $64$ measurements. We demonstrate that our protocol is robust under depolarizing error with simulated random pure states. We experimentally test the protocol on two- and three-qubit systems with nuclear magnetic resonance techniques. We show that the pure state tomography protocol saves us a number of measurements without considerable loss of fidelity. We compare our protocol with same-size sets of randomly selected Pauli operators and find that our selected set of Pauli measurements significantly outperforms those random sampling sets. As a direct application, our scheme can also be used to reduce the number of settings needed for pure-state tomography in quantum optical systems.

Ma, XY, Wang, XC, Wang, D, Ngo, HH, Zhang, Q, Wang, Y & Dai, D 2016, 'Function of a landscape lake in the reduction of biotoxicity related to trace organic chemicals from reclaimed water', Journal of Hazardous Materials, vol. 318, pp. 663-670.
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Mahboubi-Moghaddam, E, Narimani, MR, Khooban, MH, Azizivahed, A & Javid sharifi, M 2016, 'Multi-Objective Distribution feeder reconfiguration to improve transient stability, and minimize power loss and operation cost using an enhanced evolutionary algorithm at the presence of distributed generations', International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems, vol. 76, pp. 35-43.
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This paper proposes a multi-objective evolutionary algorithm method for Distribution feeder reconfiguration (DFR) with distributed generators (DG) in a practical system. Considering the low inertia constant of DG units in order to take the transient stability of DGs into account is one of the major issues in power systems. Especially when the penetration of DGs is low, the impacts of them on the distribution system transient stability may be neglected. However, when the penetration of DG increases, the transient stability of them must be taken into account (more DGs, more transient issues). To this end, the DFR problem has been solve by an enhanced Gravitational Search Algorithm (EGSA) to improve the transient stability index and decrease losses and operation cost in a distribution test system with multiple micro-turbines. The effectiveness of the proposed approach is studied based on a typical 33-bus test system. For getting close to the practical condition and considering the detailed dynamic models of the generators and other electric devices in power system, simulation and programming of this approach are done by the DIgSILENT® Power Factory software.

Mahdavi, H, Fatahi, B, Khabbaz, H, Vincent, P & Kelly, R 2016, 'Comparison of Coupled Flow-deformation and Drained Analyses for Road Embankments on CMC Improved Ground', Procedia Engineering, vol. 143, pp. 462-469.
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© 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. The use of controlled modulus columns (CMC) is gaining increased popularity in the support of rail and road bridge approach embankments on soft soils. The further columns are driven into the competent firm soils, the further the design will rely on the inclusions to take the bulk of the vertical loads, as they become rigid inclusions. The advantage of this design approach is that it produces increased control over the settlement, but as a result the columns will attract greater loads, including bending moment and shear force in situations where non-uniform loading or ground conditions exist. The load on the composite soil-CMC is uniformly distributed by the upper layer of granular load transfer platform (LTP), which also includes a layer of reinforcement. Finite difference program FLAC3D has been used to numerically simulate an embankment on the improved ground with end-bearing CMC. A geosynthetic reinforcement layer has been simulated using the inbuilt FLAC3D geogrid element. In this paper, a comparison has been made between the drained and coupled flow-deformation analyses. The force in the reinforcement layer, in particular, has been compared for the two analysis approaches. It was found that according to the numerical simulation, the drained analysis provides lower estimates of the settlement, lateral displacement; and therefore, predicts less tension in the geosynthetic layer.

Majeed, T, Phuntsho, S, Chekli, L, Lee, S-H, Kim, K & Shon, HK 2016, 'Role of various physical and chemical techniques for hollow fibre forward osmosis membrane cleaning', DESALINATION AND WATER TREATMENT, vol. 57, no. 17, pp. 7742-7752.
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Majeed, T, Phuntsho, S, Jeong, S, Zhao, Y, Gao, B & Shon, HK 2016, 'Understanding the risk of scaling and fouling in hollow fiber forward osmosis membrane application', Process Safety and Environmental Protection, vol. 104, pp. 452-464.
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Majumdar, B & Esselle, KP 2016, 'A dual-mode reconfigurable patch antenna and an extended transmission line model', Microwave and Optical Technology Letters, vol. 58, no. 1, pp. 57-61.
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Majumdar, B & Esselle, KP 2016, 'EXTENDED TRANSMISSION-LINE MODELLING OF INSET-FED RECONFIGURABLE RECTANGULAR MICROSTRIP ANTENNAS', Progress In Electromagnetics Research B, vol. 68, no. 1, pp. 123-140.
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An extended transmission-line model is presented for an inset-fed rectangular microstrip patch antenna. The transmission-line model agrees to the cos4 impedance variation for inset-fed microstrip antennas with an addition of a corrective extended feed length upto the inner radiating edge. Verification of the model's complex reflection coefficient is concluded with good agreements with measured results. Further extension of the transmission-line model with for or more thin shorting post connected to multiple varactor diodes have been conducted. Fourty two test cases across five independent antenna designs have been worked upon. Results obtained using the transmission-line model are compared with those obtained with a 3D full-wave solver and measurements. In 69% of the test cases, the transmission-line models have less than 3% deviation to the measured or simulated results. 41% of them have less than 1% deviation. For the first two antennas, both simulated and measured results were compared with the transmission-line model. For the rest of three, results from the transmission-line model were compared to the simulated ones.

Majumdar, B & Esselle, KP 2016, 'Fixed frequency broadside–endfire beam steerable antennas', Electronics Letters, vol. 52, no. 15, pp. 1282-1284.
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Majumdar, B, Baer, D, Chakraborty, S, Esselle, KP & Heimlich, M 2016, 'ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING OF A DUAL-RIDGED HORN ANTENNA', Progress In Electromagnetics Research Letters, vol. 59, pp. 109-114.
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© 2016, Electromagnetics Academy. All rights reserved. A 3D printed dual-ridged horn antenna (DRHA) is presented. The antenna design is optimized for additive manufacturing and is 3D printed using acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) and then painted with nickel based aerosol spray. The coaxial transition is also included in the 3D printed prototype. The antenna was manufactured with the intention of improving learning and education of electromagnetism and antennas for undergraduate students using a low-cost personal desktop 3D printer. The painted DRHA has a 10 dB return-loss bandwidth of 6621 MHz (1905 MHz–8526 MHz) with a peak gain of 11 dBi. This prototype is the first known ABS-based horn antenna with the coaxial transition embedded into it.

Majumdar, B, Baer, D, Chakraborty, S, Esselle, KP & Heimlich, M 2016, 'Advantages and limitations of 3D printing a dual‐ridged horn antenna', Microwave and Optical Technology Letters, vol. 58, no. 9, pp. 2110-2117.
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ABSTRACTConventional and additive manufacturing (three‐dimensional [3D] printing) techniques for a dual‐ridged horn antenna (DRHA) are presented. The different aspects of the conventional manufacturing of a DRHA and the limitations incurred during additive manufacturing are discussed in detail. The antenna design was further optimized for fused deposition modeling and was 3D printed using acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS). The polymer‐based print was painted with nickel‐based aerosol spray. The coaxial transition is also included in the 3D printed prototype. The antenna was manufactured with the intention of improving the learning and education of electromagnetism and antennas of undergraduate students using a low‐cost personal desktop 3D printer. The painted DRHA has a 10 dB return‐loss bandwidth of 6621 MHz (1905–8526 MHz) with a peak gain of 11 dBi. The average cross‐polarization isolation achieved was more than 25 dB. Rapid prototyping was possible with additive manufacturing, and limitations were addressed with conventional machining processes whenever required. This prototype is the first known ABS‐based horn antenna with the coaxial transition embedded into it. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 58:2110–2117, 2016

Makki Alamdari, M, Samali, B, Li, J, Kalhori, H & Mustapha, S 2016, 'Spectral-Based Damage Identification in Structures under Ambient Vibration', Journal of Computing in Civil Engineering, vol. 30, no. 4, pp. 04015062-04015062.
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Malomo, L, Pietroni, N, Bickel, B & Cignoni, P 2016, 'FlexMolds: automatic design of flexible shells for molding.', ACM Trans. Graph., vol. 35, pp. 223:1-223:1.
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Marjanovic, O 2016, 'Using Collaborative Visual Analytics for Innovative Industry-inspired Learning Activities.', CoRR, vol. abs/1606.01427.
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Inspired by leading industry practices, this paper describes an innovative learning activity designed to combine data visualisation and cross-functional collaboration supported by enterprise social media. The activity is structured around sharing, co-creation and negotiation of departmental/disciplinary insights across data silos, using both internal and external data. In addition to giving students access to state-of-the-art tools for visualisation (SAS-VA) and collaboration (Yammer), an even more important educational objective is to expose students to the complexities of deriving information (i.e. meaning) from enterprise-wide (meaning-free) data stored by business intelligence & analytics systems. This human-driven and human-centric process of making sense of data in context requires collaboration across functional silos, especially when dealing with complex multi-disciplinary challenges. Starting from an industry-informed business scenario, the paper describes the main steps of an innovative data visualisation and collaboration activity, discusses possible alternative software platforms and offers some ideas for the future work.

Marjanovic, O & Murthy, V 2016, 'From product-centric to customer-centric services in a financial institution - exploring the organizational challenges of the transition process', INFORMATION SYSTEMS FRONTIERS, vol. 18, no. 3, pp. 479-497.
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Martinez, L & Lu, J 2016, 'A Humble Tribute to 50 Years of Fuzzy Sets Preface', INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF COMPUTATIONAL INTELLIGENCE SYSTEMS, vol. 9, pp. 1-2.
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Masjuki, HH, Ruhul, AM, Mustafi, NN, Kalam, MA, Arbab, MI & Rizwanul Fattah, IM 2016, 'Study of production optimization and effect of hydroxyl gas on a CI engine performance and emission fueled with biodiesel blends', International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, vol. 41, no. 33, pp. 14519-14528.
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Mathieson, L 2016, 'Synergies in critical reflective practice and science: Science as reflection and reflection as science', Journal of University Teaching and Learning Practice, vol. 13, no. 2, pp. 1-13.
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The conceptions of reflective practice in education have their roots at least partly in the work of Dewey, who describes reflection as “the active, persistent, and careful consideration of any belief or supposed form of knowledge in the light of the grounds that support it and the further conclusions to which it tends” (Dewey 1933, p.9). This conception of reflection has carried on into more-focused efforts to describe critical reflection as a tool for improving professional practice (where academic and educational practice is the particular interest of this study); “… some puzzling or troubling or interesting phenomenon” allows the practitioner to access “the understandings which have been implicit in his action, understandings which he surfaces, criticizes, restructures, and embodies in further action” (Schön 1983, p. 50). Both of these descriptions embody a central idea of critical reflective practice: that the examination of practice involves the divination (in a rational, critical sense) of order and perhaps meaning from the facts at hand (which, in turn, are brought to light by the events that occur as the results of implementation of theory). As part of a lecture series, Gottlieb defined science as “an intellectual activity carried out by humans to understand the structure and functions of the world in which they live” (Gottlieb 1997). While science and critical reflective practice attempt to build models about different parts of our world – the natural world and the world of professional (educational) practice respectively – both embody certain underlying aims and methodologies. Indeed, it is striking that in these definitions the simple replacement of the terminology of reflective practice with the terminology of science (or vice versa) leads to a perfectly comprehensible definition of either.It is this confluence that this paper studies, building from two separate foundations, critical reflective practice and science. Via their models and exemplars of t...

Matin, SS & Chelgani, SC 2016, 'Estimation of coal gross calorific value based on various analyses by random forest method', Fuel, vol. 177, pp. 274-278.
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Matin, SS, Hower, JC, Farahzadi, L & Chelgani, SC 2016, 'Explaining relationships among various coal analyses with coal grindability index by Random Forest', International Journal of Mineral Processing, vol. 155, pp. 140-146.
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McGahan, WT, Ernst, H & Dyson, LE 2016, 'Individual Learning Strategies and Choice in Student-Generated Multimedia', International Journal of Mobile and Blended Learning, vol. 8, no. 3, pp. 1-18.
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There has been an increasing focus on student-generated multimedia assessment as a way of introducing the benefits of both visual literacy and peer-mediated learning into university courses. One such assessment was offered to first-year health science students but, contrary to expectations, led to poorer performance in their end-of-semester examinations. Following an analysis, the assignment was redesigned to offer students a choice of either a group-based animation task or an individual written task. Results showed improved performance on the assignment when students were offered a choice of assignments over when they were offered only the multimedia assignment. Student feedback indicated that students adopt deliberate individual learning strategies when offered choices in assessment. The study suggests that assumptions regarding the superiority of student-generated multimedia over more traditional assessments are not always correct, but that students' agency and individual preferences need to be recognized.

McKenzie, TG, Costa, LPDM, Fu, Q, Dunstan, DE & Qiao, GG 2016, 'Investigation into the photolytic stability of RAFT agents and the implications for photopolymerization reactions', Polymer Chemistry, vol. 7, no. 25, pp. 4246-4253.
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The photolytic stability of RAFT agents under blue LED irradiation has been investigated with regard to photopolymerization reactions.

McKenzie, TG, Fu, Q, Uchiyama, M, Satoh, K, Xu, J, Boyer, C, Kamigaito, M & Qiao, GG 2016, 'Beyond Traditional RAFT: Alternative Activation of Thiocarbonylthio Compounds for Controlled Polymerization', Advanced Science, vol. 3, no. 9, pp. 1500394-1500394.
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Recent developments in polymerization reactions utilizing thiocarbonylthio compounds have highlighted the surprising versatility of these unique molecules. The increasing popularity of reversible addition–fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) radical polymerization as a means of producing well‐defined, ‘controlled’ synthetic polymers is largely due to its simplicity of implementation and the availability of a wide range of compatible reagents. However, novel modes of thiocarbonylthio activation can expand the technique beyond the traditional system (i.e., employing a free radical initiator) pushing the applicability and use of thiocarbonylthio compounds even further than previously assumed. The primary advances seen in recent years are a revival in the direct photoactivation of thiocarbonylthio compounds, their activation via photoredox catalysis, and their use in cationic polymerizations. These synthetic approaches and their implications for the synthesis of controlled polymers represent a significant advance in polymer science, with potentially unforeseen benefits and possibilities for further developments still ahead. This Research News aims to highlight key works in this area while also clarifying the differences and similarities of each system.

McKenzie, TG, Fu, Q, Uchiyama, M, Satoh, K, Xu, J, Boyer, C, Kamigaito, M & Qiao, GG 2016, 'Controlled Polymerization: Beyond Traditional RAFT: Alternative Activation of Thiocarbonylthio Compounds for Controlled Polymerization (Adv. Sci. 9/2016)', Advanced Science, vol. 3, no. 9.
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Merigó, JM & Núñez, A 2016, 'Influential journals in health research: a bibliometric study.', Globalization and health, vol. 12, no. 1, p. 46.
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Background

There is a wide range of intellectual work written about health research, which has been shaped by the evolution of diseases. This study aims to identify the leading journals over the last 25 years (1990-2014) according to a wide range of bibliometric indicators.

Methods

The study develops a bibliometric overview of all the journals that are currently indexed in Web of Science (WoS) database in any of the four categories connected to health research. The work classifies health research in nine subfields: Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Health Management and Economics, Health Promotion and Health Behavior, Epidemiology, Health Policy and Services, Medicine, Health Informatics, Engineering and Technology, and Primary Care.

Results

The results indicate a wide dispersion between categories being the American Journal of Epidemiology, Environmental Health Perspectives, American Journal of Public Health, and Social Science & Medicine, the journals that have received the highest number of citations over the last 25 years. According to other indicators such as the h-index and the citations per paper, some other journals such as the Annual Review of Public Health and Medical Care, obtain better results which show the wide diversity and profiles of outlets available in the scientific community. The results are grouped and studied according to the nine subfields in order to identify the leading journals in each specific sub discipline of health.

Conclusions

The work identifies the leading journals in health research through a bibliometric approach. The analysis shows a deep overview of the results of health journals. It is worth noting that many journals have entered the WoS database during the last years, in many cases to fill some specific niche that has emerged in the literature, although the most popular ones have been in the database for a long time.

Merigó, JM, Cancino, CA, Coronado, F & Urbano, D 2016, 'Academic research in innovation: a country analysis', Scientometrics, vol. 108, no. 2, pp. 559-593.
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Merigó, JM, Gil-Lafuente, AM & Gil-Lafuente, J 2016, 'Business, industrial marketing and uncertainty', Journal of Business & Industrial Marketing, vol. 31, no. 3, pp. 325-327.
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Purpose This special issue of the Journal of Business & Industrial Marketing, entitled “Business, Industrial Marketing and Uncertainty”, presents selected extended studies that were presented at the European Academy of Management and Business Economics Conference (AEDEM 2012). Design/methodology/approach The main focus of this year was reflected in the slogan: “Creating new opportunities in an uncertain environment”. The objective was to show the importance that uncertainty has in our current world, strongly affected by many complexities and modern developments, especially through the new technological advances. Findings One fundamental reason that explains the economic crisis is that the government and companies were not well prepared for these critical situations. And the main justification for this is that they did not have enough information. Otherwise, they would have tried any possible strategy to avoid the crisis. Usually, uncertainty is defined as the situation with unknown information in the environment. Originality/value From a theoretical perspective, the problem here is that enterprises and governments should assess the information and the uncertainty in a more appropriate way. Usually, they have some studies in this direction, but many times, it is not enough, as it was proved in the last economic crisis.

Merigó, JM, Palacios-Marqués, D & Ribeiro-Navarrete, B 2016, 'Corrigendum to “Aggregation systems for sales forecasting” [J. Bus. Res. 68(11) (2015) 2299–2304]', Journal of Business Research, vol. 69, no. 6, pp. 2325-2325.
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Merigó, JM, Palacios-Marqués, D & Zeng, S 2016, 'Subjective and objective information in linguistic multi-criteria group decision making', European Journal of Operational Research, vol. 248, no. 2, pp. 522-531.
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Merigó, JM, Peris-Ortíz, M, Navarro-García, A & Rueda-Armengot, C 2016, 'Aggregation operators in economic growth analysis and entrepreneurial group decision-making', Applied Soft Computing, vol. 47, pp. 141-150.
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MERIGÓ, JM, ROCAFORT, A & AZNAR-ALARCÓN, JP 2016, 'BIBLIOMETRIC OVERVIEW OF BUSINESS & ECONOMICS RESEARCH', Journal of Business Economics and Management, vol. 17, no. 3, pp. 397-413.
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Bibliometrics is the quantitative study of bibliographic information. It classifies the information according to different criteria including authors, journals, institutions and countries. This paper presents a general bibliometric overview of the most influential research in business & economics according to the information found in the Web of Science. It includes research from different subcategories including business, business finance, economics and management. For doing so, four general lists are presented: the 50 most cited papers in business & economics of all time, the 40 most influential journals, the 40 most relevant institutions and the most influential countries. The results permit to obtain a general picture of the most significant research in business & economics. This information is very useful in order to identify the leading trends in this area.

Merigó, JM, Yang, J-B & Xu, D-L 2016, 'Demand Analysis with Aggregation Systems', International Journal of Intelligent Systems, vol. 31, no. 5, pp. 425-443.
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Mesgari, S, Taylor, RA, Hjerrild, NE, Crisostomo, F, Li, Q & Scott, J 2016, 'An investigation of thermal stability of carbon nanofluids for solar thermal applications', Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells, vol. 157, pp. 652-659.
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Carbon nanofluids are engineered materials with controllable thermal and optical properties. Stable, high temperature operation (>20) of these fluids would enable them to improve upon – and eventually replace – pure fluids in many important commercial and industrial applications including applications in solar thermal collectors. To date, however, much of the nanofluids research focuses on low temperature (<100 °C) applications and testing. For solar thermal collector applications, carbon nanofluids are uniquely well-suited due to their high absorptivity over the entire solar spectral range. This study pushes well beyond the 100 °C mark by conducting a range of experiments to identify appropriate base fluids and functionalization methods to produce stable carbon nanotube (CNT)-based nanofluid dispersions at temperatures of up to 250 °C to ensure their suitability for industrial heating applications (typically 100–250 °C). Different forms of CNTs including, single-walled carbon nanotubes, double-walled carbon nanotubes and multi-walled carbon nanotubes were chemically functionalized to obtain stable dispersions in water, glycol and Therminol (a synthetic heat transfer oil). The stability of chemically functionalized carbon nanotube dispersions at different temperatures, 20, 80, 100, 150, 200 and 250 °C, was investigated. The results of broadband UV–VIS–NIR spectroscopy showed no agglomeration in mildly oxidized multi-walled carbon nanotubes dispersed in Therminol when heated to 250 °C, highlighting this low-cost composite medium as a potential candidate for use in high temperature nanofluid-based solar thermal collectors.

Metia, S, Oduro, SD, Duc, HN & Ha, Q 2016, 'Inverse Air-Pollutant Emission and Prediction Using Extended Fractional Kalman Filtering', IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing, vol. 9, no. 5, pp. 2051-2063.
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© 2016 IEEE. It is essential to maintain air-quality standards and to take necessary measures when air-pollutant concentrations exceed permissible limits. Pollutants such as ground-level ozone (O3), nitrogen oxides (NOX), and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emitted from various sources can be estimated at a particular location through integration of observation data obtained from measurement sites and effective air-quality models, using emission inventory data as input. However, there are always uncertainties associated with the emission inventory data as well as uncertainties generated by a meteorological model. This paper addresses the problem of improving the inverse air pollution emission and prediction over the urban and suburban areas using the air-pollution model with chemical transport model (TAPM-CTM) coupled with the extended fractional Kalman filter (EFKF) based on a Matérn covariance function. Here, nitrogen oxide (NO), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), and O3 concentrations are predicted by TAPM-CTM in the airshed of Sydney and surrounding areas. For improvement of the emission inventory, and hence the air-quality prediction, the fractional order of the EFKF is tuned using a genetic algorithm (GA). The proposed methodology is verified with measurements at monitoring stations and is then applied to obtain a better spatial distribution of O3 over the region.

Milano, J, Ong, HC, Masjuki, HH, Chong, WT, Lam, MK, Loh, PK & Vellayan, V 2016, 'Microalgae biofuels as an alternative to fossil fuel for power generation', Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, vol. 58, pp. 180-197.
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Mirmomeni, M, Heidarpour, A, Zhao, X-L, Hutchinson, CR, Packer, JA & Wu, C 2016, 'Fracture behaviour and microstructural evolution of structural mild steel under the multi-hazard loading of high-strain-rate load followed by elevated temperature', Construction and Building Materials, vol. 122, pp. 760-771.
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Mishra, N, Boeckl, J, Motta, N & Iacopi, F 2016, 'Graphene growth on silicon carbide: A review', physica status solidi (a), vol. 213, no. 9, pp. 2277-2289.
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Graphene has been widely heralded over the last decade as one of the most promising nanomaterials for integrated, miniaturized applications spanning from nanoelectronics, interconnections, thermal management, sensing, to optoelectronics. Graphene grown on silicon carbide is currently the most likely candidate to fulfill this promise. As a matter of fact, the capability to synthesize high‐quality graphene over large areas using processes and substrates compatible as much as possible with the well‐established semiconductor manufacturing technologies is one crucial requirement. We review here, the enormous scientific and technological advances achieved in terms of epitaxial growth of graphene from thermal decomposition of bulk silicon carbide and the fine control of the graphene electronic properties through intercalation. Finally, we discuss perspectives on epitaxial graphene growth from silicon carbide on silicon, a particularly challenging area that could result in maximum benefit for the integration of graphene with silicon technologies.

Mishra, N, Boeckl, J, Motta, N & Iacopi, F 2016, 'Graphene growth on silicon carbide: A review (Phys. Status Solidi A 9∕2016)', physica status solidi (a), vol. 213, no. 9, pp. 2269-2269.
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Mofijur, M, Rasul, MG, Hyde, J, Azad, AK, Mamat, R & Bhuiya, MMK 2016, 'Role of biofuel and their binary (diesel–biodiesel) and ternary (ethanol–biodiesel–diesel) blends on internal combustion engines emission reduction', Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, vol. 53, pp. 265-278.
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Mohammadi, I, Khabbaz, H & Vessalas, K 2016, 'Enhancing mechanical performance of rubberised concrete pavements with sodium hydroxide treatment', Materials and Structures/Materiaux et Constructions, vol. 49, no. 3, pp. 813-827.
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© 2015, RILEM. This research evaluates performance of rubberised concrete prepared with sodium hydroxide (NaOH) treated rubber. Numerous studies have investigated the method of treating rubber with NaOH. However, the level of improvement achieved by this method has not been consistent between different studies. Hence, it is worthwhile to study application of this treatment method. Ten series of concrete specimens with different water cement ratios and a variety of rubber content were prepared. The fresh and hardened mechanical tests were conducted on concrete samples. It was found that the duration of 24 h for treatment of crumb rubber was the most promised duration, which resulted in favourable fresh and hardened concrete characteristics. Compared to rubberised concrete prepared with untreated rubber, rubberised concrete prepared with the 24-h NaOH treated method had 25 and 5 % improvement in compressive and flexural strength, respectively. It is experimentally indicated that using this treatment method resulted in notable improvement for the compressive strength, and moderate enhancement in the flexural strength.

Mohammadi, MS, Zhang, Q & Dutkiewicz, E 2016, 'Reading Damaged Scripts: Partial Packet Recovery Based on Compressive Sensing for Efficient Random Linear Coded Transmission', IEEE Transactions on Communications, vol. 64, no. 8, pp. 3296-3310.
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© 2016 IEEE.Random linear coding (RLC) can improve the performance of multicast transmissions in terms of throughput and energy efficiency. However, RLC and linear codes in general cannot necessarily attain the optimal performance in arbitrary networks. In this regard, partial packet recovery can be considered as a nonlinear strategy to complement such approaches for more general networks. In this paper, we propose a partial packet recovery scheme that benefits from the sparsity of bit errors in partially corrupted RLC packets. As opposed to many previous schemes, it performs without introducing preliminary checksums or preambles, demanding physical layer soft information, or requesting post-redundancy from the transmitter. It relies only on algebraic coding and data processing techniques, the existing knowledge at the receiver, and the conventional acknowledgment messages in RLC. By reconstructing and utilizing the partially corrupted packets that are usually discarded, it can reduce the average number of transmitted RLC packets required for successful decoding by typically 50%, which improves throughput and energy efficiency at the transmitter. We formulate our partial packet recovery in the form of a sparse recovery problem, present its different solutions using compressive sensing theory, discuss their complexity, and present and evaluate a Markov chain model for its performance.

Mohammed Oludare, I & Pradhan, B 2016, 'A decade of modern cave surveying with terrestrial laser scanning: A review of sensors, method and application development', International Journal of Speleology, vol. 45, no. 1, pp. 71-88.
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Mojumder, JC, Chong, WT, Ong, HC, Leong, KY & Abdullah-Al-Mamoon 2016, 'An experimental investigation on performance analysis of air type photovoltaic thermal collector system integrated with cooling fins design', Energy and Buildings, vol. 130, pp. 272-285.
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Mojumder, JC, Ong, HC, Chong, WT, Shamshirband, S & Abdullah-Al-Mamoon 2016, 'Application of support vector machine for prediction of electrical and thermal performance in PV/T system', Energy and Buildings, vol. 111, pp. 267-277.
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Mojumder, S, Rabbi, KM, Saha, S, Hasan, MN & Saha, SC 2016, 'Magnetic field effect on natural convection and entropy generation in a half-moon shaped cavity with semi-circular bottom heater having different ferrofluid inside', Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials, vol. 407, pp. 412-424.
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Mokgonyana, L, Zhang, J, Zhang, L & Xia, X 2016, 'Coordinated two-stage volt/var management in distribution networks', Electric Power Systems Research, vol. 141, pp. 157-164.
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Mols, I, van den Hoven, E & Eggen, B 2016, 'Ritual Camera: Exploring Domestic Technology to Remember Everyday Life', IEEE PERVASIVE COMPUTING, vol. 15, no. 2, pp. 48-58.
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Monirul, IM, Masjuki, HH, Kalam, MA, Mosarof, MH, Zulkifli, NWM, Teoh, YH & How, HG 2016, 'Assessment of performance, emission and combustion characteristics of palm, jatropha and Calophyllum inophyllum biodiesel blends', Fuel, vol. 181, pp. 985-995.
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Moore, I & Sheng, D 2016, 'Note of appreciation / Note de reconnaissance', Canadian Geotechnical Journal, vol. 53, no. 12, pp. v-vii.
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Mosarof, MH, Kalam, MA, Masjuki, HH & Ashraful, AM 2016, 'Evaluation of Lubricating Performance of Biodegradable Moringa Oleifera Oil', Modern Environmental Science and Engineering, vol. 2, no. 08, pp. 530-536.
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Mosarof, MH, Kalam, MA, Masjuki, HH, Alabdulkarem, A, Ashraful, AM, Arslan, A, Rashedul, HK & Monirul, IM 2016, 'Optimization of performance, emission, friction and wear characteristics of palm and Calophyllum inophyllum biodiesel blends', Energy Conversion and Management, vol. 118, pp. 119-134.
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Mosarof, MH, Kalam, MA, Masjuki, HH, Alabdulkarem, A, Habibullah, M, Arslan, A & Monirul, IM 2016, 'Assessment of friction and wear characteristics of Calophyllum inophyllum and palm biodiesel', Industrial Crops and Products, vol. 83, pp. 470-483.
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Motes, KR, Mann, RL, Olson, JP, Studer, NM, Bergeron, EA, Gilchrist, A, Dowling, JP, Berry, DW & Rohde, PP 2016, 'Efficient recycling strategies for preparing large Fock states from single-photon sources --- Applications to quantum metrology', Phys. Rev. A, vol. 94, no. 1, p. 012344.
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Fock states are a fundamental resource for many quantum technologies such as quantum metrology. While much progress has been made in single-photon source technologies, preparing Fock states with large photon number remains challenging. We present and analyze a bootstrapped approach for non-deterministically preparing large photon-number Fock states by iteratively fusing smaller Fock states on a beamsplitter. We show that by employing state recycling we are able to exponentially improve the preparation rate over conventional schemes, allowing the efficient preparation of large Fock states. The scheme requires single-photon sources, beamsplitters, number-resolved photo-detectors, fast-feedforward, and an optical quantum memory.

Mousavi, M & Gandomi, AH 2016, 'A hybrid damage detection method using dynamic-reduction transformation matrix and modal force error', Engineering Structures, vol. 111, pp. 425-434.
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Movassaghi, S, Majidi, A, Jamalipour, A, Smith, D & Abolhasan, M 2016, 'Enabling interference-aware and energy-efficient coexistence of multiple wireless body area networks with unknown dynamics', IEEE Access, vol. 4, pp. 2935-2951.
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© 2016 IEEE. This paper presents an adaptive interference mitigation scheme for multiple coexisting wireless body area networks (WBANs) based on social interaction. The proposed scheme considers the mobility of nodes within each WBAN as well as the relative movement of WBANs with respect to each other. With respect to these mobile scenarios traffic load, signal strength, and the density of sensors in a WBAN are incorporated to optimize transmission time with synchronous and parallel transmissions to significantly reduce the radio interference and energy consumption of nodes. This approach leads to higher packet delivery ratio (PDR) and longer network lifetime even with nodes dynamically moving into and out of each others interference region. We make channel assignment more energy-efficient and further reduce power consumption using transmit power control with simple channel prediction. Simulation results show that our approach maintains optimum spatial reuse with a range of channel dynamics within, and between, coexisting BANs. This protocol based on social interaction is shown to mitigate interference and minimize power consumption, and increase the spatial reuse and PDR of each WBAN, while increasing network lifetime. In the context of the adaptive interference mitigation scheme proposed, this paper also reviews the state of the art in literature on mobility, MAC layer, and power control solutions for WBANs, as well as providing a summary of interference mitigation schemes previously applied for the coexistence of WBANs.

Moyle, W, Jones, C, Sung, B, Bramble, M, O’Dwyer, S, Blumenstein, M & Estivill-Castro, V 2016, 'What Effect Does an Animal Robot Called CuDDler Have on the Engagement and Emotional Response of Older People with Dementia? A Pilot Feasibility Study', International Journal of Social Robotics, vol. 8, no. 1, pp. 145-156.
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© 2015, Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht. The development of companion animal robots is of growing interest. These robots have recently been marketed to older adults with dementia as a means of encouraging social engagement and reducing behavioural and psychological symptoms of dementia. This paper outlines the results of a pilot study that sought to assess the feasibility and effect of using a robotic companion animal called CuDDler on engagement and emotional states of five older adults with dementia living in nursing home care. CuDDler is a prototype robot developed in Singapore. Despite their cognitive decline, the study participants raised a number of concerns regarding the feasibility and tolerability of CuDDler. The effectiveness of CuDDler was also limited in these participants, although one participant with visual agnosia benefited greatly from the one-on-one experience. The findings demonstrate the importance of companion robots being developed that are of an appropriate size, weight and shape for older people, including those with dementia, and a realistic animal shape that does not encourage thoughts of it being a toy. Our conclusions indicate the need for further studies on the development and use of companion robots, and investigation of the comparative benefits of social robots both compared to and in association with human interactions.

Mueller, J & Stewart, MG 2016, 'The curse of the Black Swan', Journal of Risk Research, vol. 19, no. 10, pp. 1319-1330.
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When unexpected and emotion-engaging events become Black Swans and carry an ‘extreme impact,’ this derives not so much those qualities or from their intrinsic size or importance as from reaction, or overreaction, they generate; but one that is often as extreme and unpredictable as the event itself. Most consequential development in human history, however, stems not from such events, but from changes in thinking and behavior that are gradual and often little-noticed as they occur. In addition, when an unexpected, emotion-grabbing event becomes a Black Swan, the response is likely to become internalized, and getting people to re-evaluate through sensible risk analysis and risk communication is extremely difficult. As part of this, events that are aberrations are often unwisely taken instead to be harbingers – and continue to be so even in the face of repeated disconfirming evidence. An examination of the 9/11 response in the US illustrates these points.

Murray, A, Castel, A, Gilbert, RI & Chang, Z-T 2016, 'Time-dependent changes in the instantaneous stiffness of reinforced concrete beams', Engineering Structures, vol. 126, pp. 641-651.
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Musa, IA, Mashiri, FR & Zhu, X 2016, 'Fatigue behaviour of concrete-filled steel tubular joints - a review', International Journal of Lifecycle Performance Engineering, vol. 2, no. 1/2, pp. 22-22.
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Musial, K, Brodka, P & Magnani, M 2016, 'Social network analysis in applications', AI Communications, vol. 29, no. 1, pp. 55-56.
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Naderpour, M, Lu, J & Zhang, G 2016, 'A safety-critical decision support system evaluation using situation awareness and workload measures', Reliability Engineering and System Safety, vol. 150, pp. 147-159.
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© 2016 Elsevier Ltd. To ensure the safety of operations in safety-critical systems, it is necessary to maintain operators' situation awareness (SA) at a high level. A situation awareness support system (SASS) has therefore been developed to handle uncertain situations [1]. This paper aims to systematically evaluate the enhancement of SA in SASS by applying a multi-perspective approach. The approach consists of two SA metrics, SAGAT and SART, and one workload metric, NASA-TLX. The first two metrics are used for the direct objective and subjective measurement of SA, while the third is used to estimate operator workload. The approach is applied in a safety-critical environment called residue treater, located at a chemical plant in which a poor human-system interface reduced the operators' SA and caused one of the worst accidents in US history. A counterbalanced within-subjects experiment is performed using a virtual environment interface with and without the support of SASS. The results indicate that SASS improves operators' SA, and specifically has benefits for SA levels 2 and 3. In addition, it is concluded that SASS reduces operator workload, although further investigations in different environments with a larger number of participants have been suggested.

Nagayama, S, Choi, B-S, Devitt, S, Suzuki, S & Van Meter, R 2016, 'Interoperability in encoded quantum repeater networks', Physical Review A, vol. 93, no. 4.
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© 2016 American Physical Society. The future of quantum repeater networking will require interoperability between various error-correcting codes. A few specific code conversions and even a generalized method are known, however, no detailed analysis of these techniques in the context of quantum networking has been performed. In this paper we analyze a generalized procedure to create Bell pairs encoded heterogeneously between two separate codes used often in error-corrected quantum repeater network designs. We begin with a physical Bell pair and then encode each qubit in a different error-correcting code, using entanglement purification to increase the fidelity. We investigate three separate protocols for preparing the purified encoded Bell pair. We calculate the error probability of those schemes between the Steane [[7,1,3]] code, a distance-3 surface code, and single physical qubits by Monte Carlo simulation under a standard Pauli error model and estimate the resource efficiency of the procedures. A local gate error rate of 10-3 allows us to create high-fidelity logical Bell pairs between any of our chosen codes. We find that a postselected model, where any detected parity flips in code stabilizers result in a restart of the protocol, performs the best.

Nagayama, S, Fowler, AG, Horsman, D, Devitt, SJ & Meter, RV 2016, 'Surface Code Error Correction on a Defective Lattice', New Journal of Physics, 19(2):023050, 2017, vol. 19, no. 2, pp. 1-29.
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The yield of physical qubits fabricated in the laboratory is much lower than that of classical transistors in production semiconductor fabrication. Actual implementations of quantum computers will be susceptible to loss in the form of physically faulty qubits. Though these physical faults must negatively affect the computation, we can deal with them by adapting error correction schemes. In this paper We have simulated statically placed single-fault lattices and lattices with randomly placed faults at functional qubit yields of 80%, 90% and 95%, showing practical performance of a defective surface code by employing actual circuit constructions and realistic errors on every gate, including identity gates. We extend Stace et al.'s superplaquettes solution against dynamic losses for the surface code to handle static losses such as physically faulty qubits. The single-fault analysis shows that a static loss at the periphery of the lattice has less negative effect than a static loss at the center. The randomly-faulty analysis shows that 95% yield is good enough to build a large scale quantum computer. The local gate error rate threshold is $\sim 0.3\%$, and a code distance of seven suppresses the residual error rate below the original error rate at $p=0.1\%$. 90% yield is also good enough when we discard badly fabricated quantum computation chips, while 80% yield does not show enough error suppression even when discarding 90% of the chips. We evaluated several metrics for predicting chip performance, and found that the average of the product of the number of data qubits and the cycle time of a stabilizer measurement of stabilizers gave the strongest correlation with post-correction residual error rates. Our analysis will help with selecting usable quantum computation chips from among the pool of all fabricated chips.

Naidu, G, Jeong, S, Vigneswaran, S, Hwang, T-M, Choi, Y-J & Kim, S-H 2016, 'A review on fouling of membrane distillation', Desalination and Water Treatment, vol. 57, no. 22, pp. 10052-10076.
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© 2015 Balaban Desalination Publications. All rights reserved. Membrane distillation (MD) has been developed for the past 40 years. Nevertheless, only in recent times, MD technology has shown substantial progress, including the development of a few commercial systems. In this study, a comprehensive review is carried out on the application of MD for the production of drinking water. Based on a broad perspective, this review describes the applications of MD for drinking water production, its advantages, and limitations. Specifically, this review focuses on the scaling and organic fouling phenomena in MD for drinking water production as one of the major challenge to MD implementation. The fouling and wetting phenomena in MD is discussed in detail as well as fouling detection methods, the influence of feed solution characteristics, and operational parameters on MD fouling and related areas requiring future investigations. The study highlights a number of approaches on fouling reduction in MD.

Naidu, G, Jeong, S, Vigneswaran, S, Jang, E-K, Choi, Y-J & Hwang, T-M 2016, 'Fouling study on vacuum-enhanced direct contact membrane distillation for seawater desalination', Desalination and Water Treatment, vol. 57, no. 22, pp. 10042-10051.
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© 2015 Balaban Desalination Publications. All rights reserved. Vacuum-enhanced direct contact membrane distillation (VE-DCMD) has been proposed to improve the DCMD system performance with better effective energy efficiency. However, the higher driving forces by the presence of vacuum pressure at permeate side of the VE-DCMD system could contribute to higher fouling development. In this study, thus, the biochemical fouling development of VE-DCMD with different vacuum pressures (700, 500, and 300 mbar) for seawater desalination was investigated in comparison with DCMD (1,000 mbar of pressure applied). VE-DCMD showed a significant increase in initial permeate flux while its flux decline was faster than DCMD. Low molecular weight (LMW) organics were found to be a dominant organic foulant on DCMD with thermally disaggregated humic substances (HS) to LMW HS-like organics. On the other hand, the presence of vacuum reduced the disaggregation HS to LMW HS-like organics. However, high driving force of VE-DCMD caused higher deposition of organic foulant including the LMW organics as well as HS. It also led to the higher LMW organic contents in permeate. Fluorescence excitation–emission matrix (F-EEM) analysis result showed that fulvic-like organic is a dominant HS foulant in VE-DCMD. Fouling development on membrane was observed using scanning electron microscope, contact angle, and confocal laser scanning microscope.

Naidu, G, Loganathan, P, Jeong, S, Johir, MAH, To, VHP, Kandasamy, J & Vigneswaran, S 2016, 'Rubidium extraction using an organic polymer encapsulated potassium copper hexacyanoferrate sorbent', CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL, vol. 306, pp. 31-42.
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Naidu, G, Nur, T, Loganathan, P, Kandasamy, J & Vigneswaran, S 2016, 'Selective sorption of rubidium by potassium cobalt hexacyanoferrate', SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY, vol. 163, pp. 238-246.
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Naik, GR, Al-Timemy, AH & Nguyen, HT 2016, 'Transradial Amputee Gesture Classification Using an Optimal Number of sEMG Sensors: An Approach Using ICA Clustering', IEEE Transactions on Neural Systems and Rehabilitation Engineering, vol. 24, no. 8, pp. 837-846.
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Surface electromyography (sEMG) based pattern recognition studies have been widely used to improve the classification accuracy of upper limb gestures. Information extracted from multiple sensors of the sEMG recording sites can be used as inputs to control powered upper limb prostheses. However, usage of multiple EMG sensors on the prosthetic hand is not practical and makes it difficult for amputees due to electrode shift/movement, and often amputees feel discomfort in wearing sEMG sensor array. Instead, using fewer numbers of sensors would greatly improve the controllability of prosthetic devices and it would add dexterity and flexibility in their operation. In this paper, we propose a novel myoelectric control technique for identification of various gestures using the minimum number of sensors based on Independent Component Analysis (ICA) and Icasso clustering. The proposed method is a model based approach where a combination of source separation and Icasso clustering was utilized to improve the classification performance of independent finger movements for transradial amputee subjects. Two sEMG sensor combinations were investigated based on the muscle morphology and Icasso clustering and compared to Sequential Forward Selection (SFS) and greedy search algorithm. The performance of the proposed method has been validated with 5 transradial amputees, which reports a higher classification accuracy (>95%). The outcome of this study encourages possible extension of the proposed approach to real time prosthetic applications.

Naik, GR, Selvan, SE & Nguyen, HT 2016, 'Single-Channel EMG Classification With Ensemble-Empirical-Mode-Decomposition-Based ICA for Diagnosing Neuromuscular Disorders', IEEE Transactions on Neural Systems and Rehabilitation Engineering, vol. 24, no. 7, pp. 734-743.
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An accurate and computationally efficient quantitative analysis of electromyography (EMG) signals plays an inevitable role in the diagnosis of neuromuscular disorders, prosthesis, and several related applications. Since it is often the case that the measured signals are the mixtures of electric potentials that emanate from surrounding muscles (sources), many EMG signal processing approaches rely on linear source separation techniques such as the independent component analysis (ICA). Nevertheless, naive implementations of ICA algorithms do not comply with the task of extracting the underlying sources from a single-channel EMG measurement. In this respect, the present work focuses on a classification method for neuromuscular disorders that deals with the data recorded using a singlechannel EMG sensor. The ensemble empirical mode decomposition algorithm decomposes the single-channel EMG signal into a set of noise-canceled intrinsic mode functions, which in turn are separated by the FastICA algorithm. A reduced set of five time domain features extracted from the separated components are classified using the linear discriminant analysis, and the classification results are fine-tuned with a majority voting scheme. The performance of the proposed method has been validated with a clinical EMG database, which reports a higher classification accuracy (98%). The outcome of this study encourages possible extension of this approach to real settings to assist the clinicians in making correct diagnosis of neuromuscular disorders.

Naik, GR, Selvan, SE, Gobbo, M, Acharyya, A & Nguyen, HT 2016, 'Principal Component Analysis Applied to Surface Electromyography: A Comprehensive Review', IEEE Access, vol. 4, pp. 4025-4037.
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Surface electromyography (sEMG) records muscle activities from the surface of muscles, which offers a wealth of information concerning muscle activation patterns in both research and clinical settings.Akey principle underlying sEMG analyses is the decomposition of the signal into a number of motor unit action potentials (MUAPs) that capture most of the relevant features embedded in a low-dimensional space. Toward this, the principal component analysis (PCA) has extensively been sought after, whereby the original sEMG data are translated into low-dimensional MUAP components with a reduced level of redundancy. The objective of this paper is to disseminate the role of PCA in conjunction with the quantitative sEMG analyses. Following the preliminaries on the sEMG methodology and a statement of PCA algorithm, an exhaustive collection of PCA applications related to sEMG data is in order. Alongside the technical challenges associated with the PCA-based sEMG processing, the envisaged research trend is also discussed.

Nam, E, Wong, EHH, Tan, S, Guntari, SN, Fu, Q, Kim, J, Delalat, B, Blencowe, A & Qiao, GG 2016, 'Spatial-controlled nanoengineered films prepared via rapid catalyst induced cross-linking', Polym. Chem., vol. 7, no. 19, pp. 3251-3258.
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Nan, Z, Chen, T, Wang, X & Ni, W 2016, 'Energy-Efficient Transmission Schedule for Delay-Limited Bursty Data Arrivals Under Nonideal Circuit Power Consumption', IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology, vol. 65, no. 8, pp. 6588-6600.
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Nasir, AA, Tuan, HD, Ngo, DT, Durrani, S & Kim, DI 2016, 'Path-Following Algorithms for Beamforming and Signal Splitting in RF Energy Harvesting Networks', IEEE Communications Letters, vol. 20, no. 8, pp. 1687-1690.
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Nasrallah, R, Fast, EM, Solaimani, P, Knezevic, K, Eliades, A, Patel, R, Thambyrajah, R, Unnikrishnan, A, Thoms, J, Beck, D, Vink, CS, Smith, A, Wong, J, Shepherd, M, Kent, D, Roychoudhuri, R, Paul, F, Klippert, J, Hammes, A, Willnow, T, Göttgens, B, Dzierzak, E, Zon, LI, Lacaud, G, Kouskoff, V & Pimanda, JE 2016, 'Identification of novel regulators of developmental hematopoiesis using Endoglin regulatory elements as molecular probes', Blood, vol. 128, no. 15, pp. 1928-1939.
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Key PointsENG regulatory elements target hemogenic mesoderm and hemogenic endothelium. Hemogenic progenitors can be enriched using these elements as molecular probes to discover novel regulators of hematopoiesis.

Nasruddin, Idrus Alhamid, M, Daud, Y, Surachman, A, Sugiyono, A, Aditya, HB & Mahlia, TMI 2016, 'Potential of geothermal energy for electricity generation in Indonesia: A review', Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, vol. 53, pp. 733-740.
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Navaratnarajah, SK, Indraratna, B & Nimbalkar, S 2016, 'Application of Shock Mats in Rail Track Foundation Subjected to Dynamic Loads', Procedia Engineering, vol. 143, pp. 1108-1119.
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© 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.Rail track substructure (ballast, subballast and subgrade) is the most essential component of the railway system in view of track stability. The ballast is the largest component of the track substructure and it is the key load-bearing stratum packed with rock aggregates underneath and around the sleepers, thereby providing structural support against dynamic stresses caused by moving trains. However under large dynamic stresses exerted by heavy haul and high speed trains, the degradation of track substructure including ballast becomes significant. This in turn affects the track stability and creates frequent maintenance, thus increasing the life cycle cost of the rail network. Therefore, mitigating degradation of the ballast layer is vital in view of track longevity. In recent years, the use of resilient soft pads (shock mats) above the ballast (i.e. Under Sleeper Pad, USP) and below the ballast (i.e. Under Ballast Mat, UBM) has become a common practice. Many countries, including Australia have adopted the use of resilient pads in the rail track foundation. Currently, the studies on resilient mats are mostly limited to the reduction of vibration and noise. There is a lack of proper assessment of the geotechnical behavior of ballast when used along with shock mats. This paper provides an assessment of the triaxial behavior of the track substructure with and without shock mats under dynamic loading condition. A numerical model was developed based on the modified stress-dilatancy approach to capture the stress-strain and volume change behavior of ballast during impact loading. Model predictions are compared with laboratory results. It was found that the shock mats provide significant advantages in terms of reduced particle breakage and enhanced track stability.

Nemoto, K, Trupke, M, Devitt, SJ, Scharfenberger, B, Buczak, K, Schmiedmayer, J & Munro, WJ 2016, 'Photonic Quantum Networks formed from NV− centers', Scientific Reports, vol. 6, no. 1.
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AbstractIn this article we present a simple repeater scheme based on the negatively-charged nitrogen vacancy centre in diamond. Each repeater node is built from modules comprising an optical cavity containing a single NV−, with one nuclear spin from 15N as quantum memory. The module uses only deterministic processes and interactions to achieve high fidelity operations (>99%) and modules are connected by optical fiber. In the repeater node architecture, the processes between modules by photons can be in principle deterministic, however current limitations on optical components lead the processes to be probabilistic but heralded. Our resource-modest repeater architecture contains two modules at each node and the repeater nodes are then connected by entangled photon pairs. We discuss the performance of such a quantum repeater network with modest resources and then incorporate more resource-intense strategies step by step. Our architecture should allow large-scale quantum information networks with existing or near future technology.

Neshat, M & Ahmadi, M 2016, 'Recognising the kind of cloud using a new fuzzy knowledge-based system', International Journal of Reasoning-based Intelligent Systems, vol. 8, no. 3/4, pp. 168-168.
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Neshat, M & Ahmadi, M 2016, 'Recognising the kind of cloud using a new fuzzy knowledge-based system', International Journal of Reasoning-based Intelligent Systems, vol. 8, no. 3/4, pp. 168-168.
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Nowadays, expert systems play a major role in better doing of complex tasks and giving advice to the experts because expertism is a specialised knowledge. Overall, expert systems are used to solve the problems for which there is not an accurate knowledge and a particular algorithm. Understanding the atmospheric phenomena and their role in human life are the most important and affecting issues in human societies. In meteorology, it is important to identify the type of clouds. By monitoring from the Earth's surface (seeing bottom view of the cloud) and using satellites (seeing top view of the cloud), we can identify the variety of clouds. A fuzzy inference system with the specialists' knowledge of meteorology is designed in this paper and its aims are detection of the cloud type through extracting knowledge from satellite images of the cloud upper portions. The used data are extracted from the reputable website of UCI called cloud dataset. This dataset is gathered by Philip Collard in two ranges of IR and VISIBLE. Using the experts' knowledge, this system determines the type of cloud with an accuracy level of 88.25% ± 0.5 and according to experts' opinion; the results are suitable and acceptable.

Neshat, M, Pourahmad, AA & Hasani, MR 2016, 'Designing an Adaptive Neuro Fuzzy Inference System for Prediction of Customers Satisfaction', Journal of Information & Knowledge Management, vol. 15, no. 04, pp. 1650037-1650037.
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Nowadays, in order to succeed in business and presence in the world markets, it is essential to outperform the competitors to get bigger market share. To get customers satisfaction of products is the first stage of success in business. Studying the different factors involved in increasing the level of customer's satisfaction and researching in this field has caused development in several companies. In this paper, an adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) and a fuzzy inference system (FIS) are designed for marketing mix model. By using the P4 principle (price, product, place, promotion) and by combining it with the marketing experts' knowledge, good results were achieved using ANFIS. This system as an advisor with high accuracy can reduce the human errors and play a significant role in decision making by corporate managers. The results of two systems were compared and it was seen that ANFIS had a better performance than FIS with mean accuracies of 98.6% and 87.25%, respectively.

Netherton, MD & Stewart, MG 2016, 'Risk-based blast-load modelling: Techniques, models and benefits', International Journal of Protective Structures, vol. 7, no. 3, pp. 430-451.
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There are many deterministic blast-load methods currently in use, such as (1) those for the ready calculation of explosive pressure, impulse and duration; (2) the derivation of explosive safety distances; or (3) the determination of safety hazards (and other consequences) following an explosive’s detonation. In this article, we argue that deterministic blast-loading methods do not fully account for society’s usual acceptance (or rejection) of the risks associated with damage, safety and/or injury as a result of an explosive blast-load. This article details the state of the art of probabilistic blast-load modelling that supports a quantitative calculation of risk, with respect to damage, safety and injury. The probabilistic models draw data from the literature and from our own field trials. The article details the benefits that flow from this form of blast-load characterisation and concludes with a discussion on how probabilistic methods be used to derive cost–benefit advice with respect to any proposed risk mitigation solution.

Neupane, K, Kidd, P, Chalmers, D, Baweja, D & Shrestha, R 2016, 'Investigation on compressive strength development and drying shrinkage of ambient cured powder-activated geopolymer concretes', Australian Journal of Civil Engineering, vol. 14, no. 1, pp. 72-83.
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Nghiem, LD, Hai, FI & Listowski, A 2016, 'Water reclamation and nitrogen extraction from municipal solid waste landfill leachate', DESALINATION AND WATER TREATMENT, vol. 57, no. 60, pp. 29220-29227.
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Ngo, NT & Indraratna, B 2016, 'Improved Performance of Rail Track Substructure Using Synthetic Inclusions: Experimental and Numerical Investigations', International Journal of Geosynthetics and Ground Engineering, vol. 2, no. 3.
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Ballasted rail tracks offer the most important means of transporting bulk freight and passengers in terms of the sheer tonnage of traffic. Ballast is a prominent component of conventional rail infrastructure because it controls the stability and performance of track. Repetitive train loads degrade ballast grains due to breakage and the progressive accumulation of external fines or mud-pumping from the softer subgrade. They decrease the shear strength and drainage capacity of track embankments, while adversely affecting its safety and efficiency as speed restrictions are imposed and track maintenance becomes more frequent. Although synthetic inclusions such as geogrids and rubber mats placed between the ballast and subballast definitely improve track performance, further study is needed before incorporating them into existing design routines catering for future high speed trains and heavier haul trains. This paper presents the very latest knowledge of rail track geomechanics, including several important concepts and topics related to laboratory testing and discrete element modelling approaches to study the load and deformation of ballast improved by rubber mats and synthetic geogrids. This paper focuses on studies carried out at the University of Wollongong on track infrastructure, and includes examples whereby innovation progresses from theory to practice. Discrete element modelling is also used to carry out a micromechanical analysis of the ballast and geogrid interface to provide further insight into ballast subjected to shearing.

Ngo, NT, Indraratna, B & Rujikiatkamjorn, C 2016, 'Modelling geogrid-reinforced railway ballast using the discrete element method', Transportation Geotechnics, vol. 8, pp. 86-102.
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Ngo, NT, Indraratna, B, Rujikiatkamjorn, C & Mahdi Biabani, M 2016, 'Experimental and Discrete Element Modeling of Geocell-Stabilized Subballast Subjected to Cyclic Loading', Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering, vol. 142, no. 4, pp. 04015100-04015100.
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Nguyen, BT, Nguyen, DH, Nguyen, TT & Hoang, DB 2016, 'Design of a Workflow-Based Grid Framework', International Journal of Computer Theory and Engineering, vol. 8, no. 1, pp. 14-23.
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This paper aims to present the design of the Grid Collaborative Framework which has been proposed in one of our previous work. Grid infrastructure for resources sharing is somewhat stable with the wide acceptance of the Open Grid Services Architecture (OGSA) and Web Services Resource Framework (WSRF), but Grid framework for collaboration is far from desired. Current Grid Collaborative Frameworks (GCFs) are domain specific and lack of plan-supported capability. These limitations make them less useful and narrow in scope of application. Our grid collaborative framework aims to improve these limitations. With the theoretical foundation based on the activity theory, workflow languages, and designed on top of existing OGSA infrastructure, our proposed framework aims at accelerating the development of grid collaborative systems that consider work plans as central role.

Nguyen, DD, Chang, SW, Jeong, SY, Jeung, J, Kim, S, Guo, W & Ngo, HH 2016, 'Dry thermophilic semi-continuous anaerobic digestion of food waste: Performance evaluation, modified Gompertz model analysis, and energy balance', ENERGY CONVERSION AND MANAGEMENT, vol. 128, pp. 203-210.
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Nguyen, DD, Ngo, HH & Yoon, YS 2016, 'Effect of internal recycling ratios on biomass parameters and simultaneous reduction of nitrogen and organic matter in a hybrid treatment system', Ecological Engineering, vol. 89, pp. 24-31.
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Nguyen, DD, Ngo, HH, Guo, W, Nguyen, TT, Chang, SW, Jang, A & Yoon, YS 2016, 'Can electrocoagulation process be an appropriate technology for phosphorus removal from municipal wastewater?', Science of The Total Environment, vol. 563-564, pp. 549-556.
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This paper evaluated a novel pilot scale electrocoagulation (EC) system for improving total phosphorus (TP) removal from municipal wastewater. This EC system was operated in continuous and batch operating mode under differing conditions (e.g. flow rate, initial concentration, electrolysis time, conductivity, voltage) to evaluate correlative phosphorus and electrical energy consumption. The results demonstrated that the EC system could effectively remove phosphorus to meet current stringent discharge standards of less than 0.2 mg/L within 2 to 5 min. This target was achieved in all ranges of initial TP concentrations studied. It was also found that an increase in conductivity of solution, voltages, or electrolysis time, correlated with improved TP removal efficiency and reduced specific energy consumption. Based on these results, some key economic considerations, such as operating costs, cost-effectiveness, product manufacturing feasibility, facility design and retrofitting, and program implementation are also discussed. This EC process can conclusively be highly efficient in a relatively simple, easily managed, and cost-effective for wastewater treatment system.

Nguyen, DD, Ngo, HH, Yoon, YS, Chang, SW & Bui, HH 2016, 'A new approach involving a multi transducer ultrasonic system for cleaning turbine engines’ oil filters under practical conditions', Ultrasonics, vol. 71, pp. 256-263.
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Nguyen, HH, Khabbaz, H, Fatahi, B & Kelly, R 2016, 'Bridge Pile Response to Lateral Soil Movement Induced by Installation of Controlled Modulus Columns', Procedia Engineering, vol. 143, pp. 475-482.
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© 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Controlled modulus columns (CMC) for ground improvement are installed using a hollow stem displacement auger to induce lateral soil displacement effect, followed by grout injection. While the method reduces spoils, the excessive lateral soil displacement may damage adjacent structures. Although there has been growing interest in quantifying such effects, only a handful of studies have been attempted. This paper presents the results of a numerical investigation on the CMC installation effect on an existing bridge pile using the three-dimensional finite difference software package FLAC3D. It has been found that when the CMC is long and the existing bridge pile is slender, the pile bending moment and pile lateral movement, induced by the CMC installation effect, can be significant.

Nguyen, JL, Lawrance, NRJ, Fitch, R & Sukkarieh, S 2016, 'Real-time path planning for long-term information gathering with an aerial glider', AUTONOMOUS ROBOTS, vol. 40, no. 6, pp. 1017-1039.
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Nguyen, L & Fatahi, B 2016, 'Behaviour of clay treated with cement & fibre while capturing cementation degradation and fibre failure – C3F Model', International Journal of Plasticity, vol. 81, pp. 168-195.
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Crown Copyright © 2016 Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. Soil treated with cement becomes brittle because its shear strength decreases rapidly in a post-peak state, which is why in recent years the inclusion of fibre into soil treated with cement has become an increasingly popular research area. This paper presents a constitutive model to simulate the behaviour of the fibre reinforced cement treated soil, referred to as the improved soil composite. In this model, a non-linear failure envelope was formulated to merge with the Critical State Line (CSL) of the reconstituted soil mixture at high levels of stress in order to capture the broken cementation bonds and ruptured fibre. A non-associated plastic potential function and a general stress strain relationship that includes the softening of the composite soil were also proposed to simulate the pre-and-post peak state. Moreover, many researchers focus on the addition of fibre into sand, soft clay, and sand treated with cement, whereas the behaviour of soft clay treated with fibre and cement requires further investigation. Hence, in this study a series of undrained triaxial tests were carried out on natural Ballina clay treated with cement and 0.3%-0.5% of fibre to determine how the amount of fibre and cement affects the behaviour of soft clay. SEM images were also analysed to study the structure of the improved Ballina composite at the micro-structural level. The laboratory results indicated that the combined effects of cementation and fibre reinforcement increased the shear strength and ductility of treated soft clay. Under triaxial conditions the peak shear strength of soft clay treated with cement and fibre increases dramatically due to the formation of cementation bonds and the bridging effect provided by the fibres, and the brittleness caused by the cementation bonds breaking also improves significantly due to the inclusion of fibre. However, when shearing at a high mean effective stress the ceme...

Nguyen, L, Fatahi, B & Khabbaz, H 2016, 'Predicting the Behaviour of Fibre Reinforced Cement Treated Clay', Procedia Engineering, vol. 143, pp. 153-160.
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© 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Treating soft clay with cement and fibre has become an effective ground improvement technique for transport infrastructure. Application of recycled fibres in deep soil mixing columns in soft soil sections of road and rail projects is being considered by designers and clients as an efficient technique. However, the combined effect of cement and fibre at failure requires further investigation. As the effective stresses increase to a sufficiently high stress, the effect of cementation is diminished due to the degradation of cementation bonds and the fibre exhibits failure due to either complete pull-out or breakage from the soil matrix. Thus, the failure envelope of the reinforced soil gradually merges with that of un-reinforced soil at higher stresses. In this paper, a constitutive model is proposed to simulate the behaviour of the cement treated-fibre reinforced soil based on the Critical State Soil Mechanic and the Modified Cam Clay model. In particular, the proposed model captures the beneficial effects of cementation and fibre reinforcement such as the improvement in strength and ductility while the cementation degradation and the failure mechanism of the fibre are also considered. In addition, a series of un-drained triaxial tests were conducted to verify the performance of the proposed model. This paper concludes that adding fibre into the cement treated soil clearly improves its residual strength, thus, a significant increase in ductility is observed and well simulated. In this study, by modifying the mean effective stress to include the cementation degradation and the fibre failure mechanism, the proposed model results in realistic prediction for the behaviour of soil treated with cement and fibre.

Nguyen, LD, Tuan, HD & Duong, TQ 2016, 'Energy-Efficient Signalling in QoS Constrained Heterogeneous Networks', IEEE Access, vol. 4, pp. 7958-7966.
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© 2013 IEEE. This paper considers a heterogeneous network, which consists of one macro base station and numerous small cell base stations (SBSs) cooperatively serving multiple user terminals. The first objective is to design cooperative transmit beamformers at the base stations to maximize the network energy efficiency (EE) in terms of bits per joule subject to the users' quality of service (QoS) constraints, which poses a computationally difficult optimization problem. The commonly used Dinkelbach-type algorithms for optimizing a ratio of concave and convex functions are not applicable. This paper develops a path-following algorithm to address the computational solution to this problem, which invokes only a simple convex quadratic program of moderate dimension at each iteration and quickly converges at least to a locally optimal solution. Furthermore, the problem of joint beamformer design and SBS service assignment in the three-objective (EE, QoS, and service loading) optimization is also addressed. Numerical results demonstrate the performance advantage of the proposed solutions.

Nguyen, LN, Hai, FI, Dosseto, A, Richardson, C, Price, WE & Nghiem, LD 2016, 'Continuous adsorption and biotransformation of micropollutants by granular activated carbon-bound laccase in a packed-bed enzyme reactor', Bioresource Technology, vol. 210, pp. 108-116.
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Nguyen, LN, van, DMJP, Hai, FI, Leusch, FDL, Kang, J, Price, WE, Roddick, F, Magram, SF & Nghiem, LD 2016, 'Laccase-syringaldehyde-mediated degradation of trace organic contaminants in an enzymatic membrane reactor: Removal efficiency and effluent toxicity.', Bioresour Technol, vol. 200, pp. 477-484.
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Redox-mediators such as syringaldehyde (SA) can improve laccase-catalyzed degradation of trace organic contaminants (TrOCs) but may increase effluent toxicity. The degradation performance of 14 phenolic and 17 non-phenolic TrOCs by a continuous flow enzymatic membrane reactor (EMR) at different TrOC and SA loadings was assessed. A specific emphasis was placed on the investigation of the toxicity of the enzyme (laccase), SA, TrOCs and the treated effluent. Batch tests demonstrated significant individual and interactive toxicity of the laccase and SA preparations. Reduced removal of resistant TrOCs by the EMR was observed for dosages over 50μg/L. SA addition at a concentration of 10μM significantly improved TrOC removal, but no removal improvement was observed at the elevated SA concentrations of 50 and 100μM. The treated effluent showed significant toxicity at SA concentrations beyond 10μM, providing further evidence that higher dosage of SA must be avoided.

Nguyen, LV, Kodagoda, S & Ranasinghe, R 2016, 'Spatial Sensor Selection via Gaussian Markov Random Fields', IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics: Systems, vol. 46, no. 9, pp. 1226-1239.
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Nguyen, LV, Kodagoda, S, Ranasinghe, R & Dissanayake, G 2016, 'Information-Driven Adaptive Sampling Strategy for Mobile Robotic Wireless Sensor Network', IEEE Transactions on Control Systems Technology, vol. 24, no. 1, pp. 372-379.
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This brief addresses the issue of monitoring physical spatial phenomena of interest using information collected by a resource-constrained network of mobile, wireless, and noisy sensors that can take discrete measurements as they navigate through the environment. We first propose an efficient novel optimality criterion for designing a sampling strategy to find the most informative locations in taking future observations to minimize the uncertainty at all unobserved locations of interest. This solution is proven to be within bounds. The computational complexity of this proposition is shown to be practically feasible. We then prove that under a certain condition of monotonicity property, the approximate entropy at resulting locations obtained by our proposed algorithm is within 1-(1/e) of the optimum, which is then utilized as a stopping criterion for the sampling algorithm. The criterion enables the prediction results to be within user-defined accuracies by controlling the number of mobile sensors. The effectiveness of the proposed method is illustrated using a prepublished data set.

Nguyen, NC, Chen, S-S, Nguyen, HT, Ray, SS, Ngo, HH, Guo, W & Lin, P-H 2016, 'Innovative sponge-based moving bed–osmotic membrane bioreactor hybrid system using a new class of draw solution for municipal wastewater treatment', Water Research, vol. 91, pp. 305-313.
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For the first time, an innovative concept of combining sponge-based moving bed (SMB) and an osmotic membrane bioreactor (OsMBR), known as the SMB-OsMBR hybrid system, were investigated using Triton X-114 surfactant coupled with MgCl2 salt as the draw solution. Compared to traditional activated sludge OsMBR, the SMB-OsMBR system was able to remove more nutrients due to the thick-biofilm layer on sponge carriers. Subsequently less membrane fouling was observed during the wastewater treatment process. A water flux of 11.38 L/(m(2) h) and a negligible reverse salt flux were documented when deionized water served as the feed solution and a mixture of 1.5 M MgCl2 and 1.5 mM Triton X-114 was used as the draw solution. The SMB-OsMBR hybrid system indicated that a stable water flux of 10.5 L/(m(2) h) and low salt accumulation were achieved in a 90-day operation. Moreover, the nutrient removal efficiency of the proposed system was close to 100%, confirming the effectiveness of simultaneous nitrification and denitrification in the biofilm layer on sponge carriers. The overall performance of the SMB-OsMBR hybrid system using MgCl2 coupled with Triton X-114 as the draw solution demonstrates its potential application in wastewater treatment.

Nguyen, NC, Nguyen, HT, Chen, SS, Ngo, HH, Guo, W, Chan, WH, Ray, SS, Li, CW & Hsu, HT 2016, 'A novel osmosis membrane bioreactor-membrane distillation hybrid system for wastewater treatment and reuse', Bioresource Technology, vol. 209, pp. 8-15.
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© 2016 . A novel approach was designed to simultaneously enhance nutrient removal and reduce membrane fouling for wastewater treatment using an attached growth biofilm (AGB) integrated with an osmosis membrane bioreactor (OsMBR) system for the first time. In this study, a highly charged organic compound (HEDTA3-) was employed as a novel draw solution in the AGB-OsMBR system to obtain a low reverse salt flux, maintain a healthy environment for the microorganisms. The AGB-OsMBR system achieved a stable water flux of 3.62 L/m2 h, high nutrient removal of 99% and less fouling during a 60-day operation. Furthermore, the high salinity of diluted draw solution could be effectively recovered by membrane distillation (MD) process with salt rejection of 99.7%. The diluted draw solution was re-concentrated to its initial status (56.1 mS/cm) at recovery of 9.8% after 6 h. The work demonstrated that novel multi-barrier systems could produce high quality potable water from impaired streams.

Nguyen, NC, Nguyen, HT, Ho, S-T, Chen, S-S, Ngo, HH, Guo, W, Ray, SS & Hsu, H-T 2016, 'Exploring high charge of phosphate as new draw solute in a forward osmosis–membrane distillation hybrid system for concentrating high-nutrient sludge', Science of The Total Environment, vol. 557-558, pp. 44-50.
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Nguyen, QV, Fatahi, B & Hokmabadi, AS 2016, 'The effects of foundation size on the seismic performance of buildings considering the soil-foundation-structure interaction', Structural Engineering and Mechanics, vol. 58, no. 6, pp. 1045-1075.
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Shallow footings are one of the most common types of foundations used to support mid-rise buildings in high risk seismic zones. Recent findings have revealed that the dynamic interaction between the soil, foundation, and the superstructure can influence the seismic response of the building during earthquakes. Accordingly, the properties of a foundation can alter the dynamic characteristics (natural frequency and damping) of the soil-foundation-structure system. In this paper the influence that shallow foundations have on the seismic response of a mid-rise moment resisting building is investigated. For this purpose, a fifteen storey moment resisting frame sitting on shallow footings with different sizes was simulated numerically using ABAQUS software. By adopting a direct calculation method, the numerical model can perform a fully nonlinear time history dynamic analysis to realistically simulate the dynamic behaviour of soil, foundation, and structure under seismic excitations. This three-dimensional numerical model accounts for the nonlinear behaviour of the soil medium and structural elements. Infinite boundary conditions were assigned to the numerical model to simulate free field boundaries, and appropriate contact elements capable of modelling sliding and separation between the foundation and soil elements are also considered. The influence of foundation size on the natural frequency of the system and structural response spectrum was also studied. The numerical results for cases of soil-foundation-structure systems with different sized foundations and fixed base conditions (excluding soil-foundation-structure interaction) in terms of lateral deformations, inter-storey drifts, rocking, and shear force distribution of the structure were then compared. Due to natural period lengthening, there was a significant reduction in the base shears when the size of the foundation was reduced. It was concluded that the size of a shallow foundation influences the dynamic cha...

Nguyen, QV, Khalifa, NH, Alzamora, P, Gleeson, A, Catchpoole, D, Kennedy, PJ & Simoff, S 2016, 'Visual analytics of complex genomics data to guide effective treatment decisions', Journal of Imaging, vol. 2, no. 4, pp. 1-17.
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© 2016 by the authors. In cancer biology, genomics represents a big data problem that needs accurate visual data processing and analytics. The human genome is very complex with thousands of genes that contain the information about the individual patients and the biological mechanisms of their disease. Therefore, when building a framework for personalised treatment, the complexity of the genome must be captured in meaningful and actionable ways. This paper presents a novel visual analytics framework that enables effective analysis of large and complex genomics data. By providing interactive visualisations from the overview of the entire patient cohort to the detail view of individual genes, our work potentially guides effective treatment decisions for childhood cancer patients. The framework consists of multiple components enabling the complete analytics supporting personalised medicines, including similarity space construction, automated analysis, visualisation, gene-to-gene comparison and user-centric interaction and exploration based on feature selection. In addition to the traditional way to visualise data, we utilise the Unity3D platform for developing a smooth and interactive visual presentation of the information. This aims to provide better rendering, image quality, ergonomics and user experience to non-specialists or young users who are familiar with 3D gaming environments and interfaces. We illustrate the effectiveness of our approach through case studies with datasets from childhood cancers, B-cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukaemia (ALL) and Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) patients, on how to guide the effective treatment decision in the cohort.

Nguyen, T, Ghabraie, K, Tran-Cong, T & Fatahi, B 2016, 'Improving Rockbolt Design in Tunnels Using Topology Optimization', International Journal of Geomechanics, vol. 16, no. 1, pp. 04015023-04015023.
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© 2015 American Society of Civil Engineers. Finding an optimum reinforcement layout for underground excavation can result in a safer and more economical design, and is therefore highly desirable. Some works in the literature have applied topology optimization in tunnel reinforcement design in which reinforced rock is modeled as homogenized isotropic material. Optimization results, therefore, do not clearly show reinforcement distributions, leading to difficulties in explaining the final outcomes. To overcome this deficiency, a more sophisticated modeling technique in which reinforcements are explicitly modeled as truss elements embedded in rock mass media is used. An optimization algorithm extending the solid isotropic material with penalization method is introduced to seek for an optimal bolt layout. To obtain the stiffest structure with a given amount of reinforced material, external work along the opening is selected as the objective function with a constraint on the volume of reinforcement. The presented technique does not depend on material models used for rock and reinforcements and can be applied to any material model. Nonlinear material behavior of rock and reinforcement is considered in this work. Through solving some typical examples, the proposed approach is proved to enhance the conventional reinforcement design and provide clear and practical reinforcement layouts.

Nguyen, TT & Indraratna, B 2016, 'Hydraulic behaviour of parallel fibres under longitudinal flow: A numerical treatment', Canadian Geotechnical Journal, vol. 53, no. 7, pp. 1081-1092.
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Modelling fluid flow through fibrous porous materials has gained increasing attention from industry and research communities. Analytical and numerical methods are commonly used to predict the hydraulic characteristics of fibrous material during fluid flow, although to date most techniques have been conducted using the same assumption that the geometric features of fibres remain unchanged. In other words, the mutual interaction between fibre elements and fluid is ignored, which undermines the actual working condition of fibres. This paper therefore presents a potential numerical approach that is capable of capturing the behaviour of a fluid–solid system. Individual fibres are simulated by the discrete element method (DEM) coupled with the concept of computational fluid dynamics (CFD), whereby the information contained in each phase is constantly exchanged and updated with other phases. In comparison with conventional solutions, including the Kozeny–Carman (K–C) fluid flow principle and other valid studies, the results show an acceptable agreement in predicting the hydraulic conductivity of a fibrous system. Subjected to laminar longitudinal flow, fibre motion is also evaluated with respect to varying bond stiffness and flow velocity. The study indicates the potential of the proposed technique in modelling drainage and filtration that is based on the hydraulic behaviour of fibrous porous geomaterials.

Nguyen, TT, Bui, XT, Pham, MD, Guo, W & Ngo, HH 2016, 'Effect of Tris-(hydroxymethyl)-amino methane on microalgae biomass growth in a photobioreactor', Bioresource Technology, vol. 208, pp. 1-6.
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© 2016 Elsevier Ltd. One of the buffers namely Tris (Tris-(hydroxymethyl)-amino methane) was used to increase the growth of microalgae by stabilizing the pH value in microalgae cultures. The objective of this research is to determine the growth rate and biomass productivity of Chlorella sp. with and without Tris addition. Both conditions function at various N:P ratios cultured in photobioreactors (carbon dioxide of 5% (v/v), light intensity of 3.3 Klux). Daily variations in nutrient removal (nitrogen and phosphorus), cell concentration, DO, temperature and pH were measured for data analysis. The results show that the largest yield of biomass was achieved at the N:P ratio of 15:1 with and without Tris. After cultivation lasting 92 h, the algae concentration at this ratio was 1250 mg L-1 and 3568 mg L-1 with and without Tris, respectively. This indicates that adding Tris to the photobioreactor greatly reduces algae biomass due to bacterial competition.

Nguyen, TT, Bui, XT, Vo, TDH, Nguyen, DD, Nguyen, PD, Do, HLC, Ngo, HH & Guo, W 2016, 'Performance and membrane fouling of two types of laboratory-scale submerged membrane bioreactors for hospital wastewater treatment at low flux condition', Separation and Purification Technology, vol. 165, pp. 123-129.
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© 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. The performance and membrane fouling of a lab-scale submerged sponge-membrane bioreactor (Sponge-MBR) and a conventional MBR were investigated and compared for hospital wastewater treatment at low fluxes of 2-6 LMH. COD removal by the Sponge-MBR was similar to that of the MBR, while the Sponge-MBR achieved 9-16% removed more total nitrogen than the MBR. This was due to 60% of total biomass being entrapped in the sponges, which enhanced simultaneous nitrification denitrification. Additionally, the fouling rates of the Sponge-MBR were 11-, 6.2- and 3.8-times less than those of the MBR at flux rates of 2, 4 and 6 LMH, respectively. It indicates the addition of sponge media into a MBR could effectively reduce the fouling caused by cake formation and absorption of soluble substances in a low flux scenario.

Ni, W 2016, 'Minimized Error Propagation Location Method Based on Error Estimation', The Computer Journal, vol. 59, no. 9, pp. 1282-1288.
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Nicholson, AP, Iberzanov, A, Jenkins, J, Hamilton, TJ & Lehmann, T 2016, 'A Statistical Design Approach for a Digitally Programmable Mismatch-Tolerant High-Speed Nauta Structure Differential OTA in 65-nm CMOS', IEEE Transactions on Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI) Systems, vol. 24, no. 9, pp. 2899-2910.
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© 2016 IEEE. The Nauta structure differential operational transconductance amplifier (OTA) is introduced as a solution to an amplifier design in deep submicrometer CMOS. This simple high-speed inverter-based architecture uses a negative conductance dc gain enhancement technique to produce high dc gains and large unity gain frequencies. The design tradeoff is that the achievable dc gain is proportional to transistor device matching. Our analysis shows that fixed width Nauta structure OTAs have low dc gains due to variations, and thus viable Nauta OTAs need to have tuning mechanisms available to correct for mismatch. This paper presents a digitally programmable Nauta structure OTA architecture built using digital-to-transconductance converters (DTCs). These DTCs are designed to allow for flexibility in producing digital tuning solutions to the device mismatch problem using Nauta OTAs. We present a theoretical analysis of the digital Nauta OTA solution space for high dc gains and a statistical framework to estimate the likelihood of achieving certain gain specifications. Experimental results from a 65-nm CMOS prototype shows that the architecture achieves an average dc gain of greater than 60 dB in line with the minimum expected gain of 59 dB, and on-chip unity gain bandwidth is inferred above 5.8 GHz.

Nie, L, Jiang, D, Guo, L & Yu, S 2016, 'Traffic matrix prediction and estimation based on deep learning in large-scale IP backbone networks', Journal of Network and Computer Applications, vol. 76, pp. 16-22.
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Nimbalkar, S & Indraratna, B 2016, 'Field Assessment of Ballasted Railroads Using Geosynthetics and Shock Mats', Procedia Engineering, vol. 143, pp. 1485-1494.
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© 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.The ballasted railroads form an integral part of the modern transportation infrastructure in Australia. However, they are subjected to large stresses especially on mixed traffic lines, where heavy freight trains are operated. Under such adverse operational conditions, ballast progressively degrades contributing to overall track deformations and frequent maintenance. Maintaining geometry of ballast embankments is necessary to improve safety and efficiency of railway operations. The use of artificial inclusions (geosynthetics and shock mats) as well as recycled (discarded) ballast in track can be economically viable options. In order to gain more insight, the CGRE has conducted extensive field trials on two rail lines in Bulli and Singleton in New South Wales supported by Sydney Trains and Australian Rail Track Corporation, respectively. In these studies, different types of geosynthetics (geogrid, geotextile and geocomposite) and shock mats were installed beneath the ballast layer constructed on varying subgrade conditions. Relative advantages of different geogrids were studied. Traffic induced stresses, ballast breakage, transient and permanent deformations were routinely monitored using precise instrumentation schemes. This paper discusses the details of track construction, instrumentation, monitoring processes and results of these field studies.

Nimbalkar, S & Indraratna, B 2016, 'Improved Performance of Ballasted Rail Track Using Geosynthetics and Rubber Shockmat', Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering, vol. 142, no. 8, pp. 04016031-04016031.
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Nobbs, M & Blamires, SJ 2016, 'Making up for lost time: Biophysical constraints on the temporal abundance of two fiddler crabs in wet-dry tropical mangroves', Austral Ecology, vol. 41, no. 7, pp. 791-796.
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Nöhring, F, Sackermann, R, Krebs, M & Deuse, J 2016, 'Moderne Zeitwirtschaft in der Einzel- und Kleinserienfertigung', Zeitschrift für wirtschaftlichen Fabrikbetrieb, vol. 111, no. 5, pp. 256-260.
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Kurzfassung Aktuelle sowie belastbare zeitwirtschaftliche Daten sind eine wichtige Grundlage für die Planung und Steuerung der Produktion in Unternehmen. Allerdings ist insbesondere in der Einzel- und Kleinserienfertigung mit geringen Stückzahlen und hoher Variantenvielfalt der Aufwand zum Aufbau und Betrieb einer Zeitwirtschaft im angemessenen Rahmen zu halten. In diesem Fachbeitrag wird ein Konzept zur Ermittlung, Aufbereitung und Verwendung von Planzeitbausteinen vorgestellt.

Nöhring, F, Wienzek, T, Wöstmann, R & Deuse, J 2016, 'Development of a sociotechnical design and implementation systematic', ZWF Zeitschrift fuer Wirtschaftlichen Fabrikbetrieb, vol. 111, no. 6, pp. 376-379.
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Implementation of Industry 4.0-technologies typically take place in pilot projects and require high effort. This paper presents the concept of a sociotechnical design and implementation systematic for Cyber-Physical Production Systems (CPPS) in companies with non-intensive research and development. The focus is on targetoriented choice of CPPS as well as integration in existing production systems. Four representative scenarios are presented.

Norjannah, B, Ong, HC, Masjuki, HH, Juan, JC & Chong, WT 2016, 'Enzymatic transesterification for biodiesel production: a comprehensive review', RSC Advances, vol. 6, no. 65, pp. 60034-60055.
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Biodiesel catalyzed by enzyme is affected by many factors. This review will critically discuss the three major components of enzymatic production of biodiesel and the methods used to improve the reaction.

Norouzi, M, Valls Miro, J & Dissanayake, G 2016, 'Probabilistic stable motion planning with stability uncertainty for articulated vehicles on challenging terrains', Autonomous Robots, vol. 40, no. 2, pp. 361-381.
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Noushini, A & Castel, A 2016, 'The effect of heat-curing on transport properties of low-calcium fly ash-based geopolymer concrete', Construction and Building Materials, vol. 112, pp. 464-477.
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Noushini, A, Aslani, F, Castel, A, Gilbert, RI, Uy, B & Foster, S 2016, 'Compressive stress-strain model for low-calcium fly ash-based geopolymer and heat-cured Portland cement concrete', Cement and Concrete Composites, vol. 73, pp. 136-146.
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Noushini, A, Babaee, M & Castel, A 2016, 'Suitability of heat-cured low-calcium fly ash-based geopolymer concrete for precast applications', Magazine of Concrete Research, vol. 68, no. 4, pp. 163-177.
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This paper discusses the advantages of using low-calcium fly ash (FA)-based geopolymer concrete (GPC) for precast applications when high early-age strength is required. Heat curing is known to be the reaction accelerator for both Portland cement (OPC) concrete and the newly emerged GPC. Here, the influence of 12 different heat-curing regimes, as well as internal curing, on mechanical properties of an FA-based GPC is investigated. The curing regimes include three temperatures of 60, 75 and 90°C, and four curing durations of 8, 12, 18 and 24 h. Results are compared with that of OPC concrete counterpart, with the same amount of binder and aggregate. Test results show that, in optimum heat-curing conditions, GPC can achieve more than 90% of its 28 d compressive strength after 1 d, compared to only 55% to 71% for normal concrete. The optimum heat-curing regime for GPC, combining best performance and energy efficiency, is found to be 75°C for 18 h. Contrary to conventional concrete, heat curing has no detrimental effect on the long-term compressive strength of GPC. It is concluded that, for precast applications, FA-based GPC appears to perform better than OPC concrete in terms of both early and long-term compressive strength using the same amount of binder.

Nur, T, Loganathan, P, Kandasamy, J & Vigneswaran, S 2016, 'Phosphate Adsorption from Membrane Bioreactor Effluent Using Dowex 21K XLT and Recovery as Struvite and Hydroxyapatite', INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH, vol. 13, no. 3.
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Nur, T, Naidu, G, Loganathan, P, Kandasamy, J & Vigneswaran, S 2016, 'Rubidium recovery using potassium cobalt hexacyanoferrate sorbent', DESALINATION AND WATER TREATMENT, vol. 57, no. 55, pp. 26577-26585.
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Nurfahmi, Ong, HC, Jan, BM, Tong, CW, Fauzi, H & Chen, W-H 2016, 'Effects of organosolv pretreatment and acid hydrolysis on palm empty fruit bunch (PEFB) as bioethanol feedstock', Biomass and Bioenergy, vol. 95, pp. 78-83.
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Oberst, S, Lai, JCS & Evans, TA 2016, 'Termites utilise clay to build structural supports and so increase foraging resources', Scientific Reports, vol. 6, no. 1.
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AbstractMany termite species use clay to build foraging galleries and mound-nests. In some cases clay is placed within excavations of their wooden food, such as living trees or timber in buildings; however the purpose for this clay is unclear. We tested the hypotheses that termites can identify load bearing wood and that they use clay to provide mechanical support of the load and thus allow them to eat the wood. In field and laboratory experiments, we show that the lower termite Coptotermes acinaciformis, the most basal species to build a mound-nest, can distinguish unloaded from loaded wood and use clay differently when eating each type. The termites target unloaded wood preferentially and use thin clay sheeting to camouflage themselves while eating the unloaded wood. The termites attack loaded wood secondarily and build thick, load-bearing clay walls when they do. The termites add clay and build thicker walls as the load-bearing wood is consumed. The use of clay to support wood under load unlocks otherwise unavailable food resources. This behaviour may represent an evolutionary step from foraging behaviour to nest building in lower termites.

Odeh, N, Abolhasan, M, Safaei, F, Franklin, DR & Mao, G 2016, 'Utility-based resource allocation for interference limited OFDMA cooperative relay networks', PHYSICAL COMMUNICATION, vol. 20, pp. 74-84.
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Oduro, SD, Ha, QP & Duc, H 2016, 'Vehicular emissions prediction with CART-BMARS hybrid models', TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH PART D-TRANSPORT AND ENVIRONMENT, vol. 49, pp. 188-202.
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Vehicular emission models play a key role in the development of reliable air quality modeling systems. To minimize uncertainties associated with these models, it is essential to match the high-resolution requirements of emission models with up-to-date information. However, these models are usually based on average trip speed, not on environmental parameters like ambient temperature, and vehicle’s motion characteristics, such as speed, acceleration, load and power. This contributes to the degradation of its predictive performance. In this paper, we propose to use the non-parametric Classification and Regression Trees (CART), the Boosting Multivariate Adaptive Regression Splines (BMARS) algorithm and a combination of them in hybrid models to improve the accuracy of vehicular emission prediction using on-board measurements and the chassis dynamometer testing. The experimental comparison between the proposed CART-BMARS hybrid model with the BMARS and artificial neural networks (ANNs) algorithms demonstrates its effectiveness and efficiency in estimating vehicular emissions.

Oi, LE, Choo, M-Y, Lee, HV, Ong, HC, Hamid, SBA & Juan, JC 2016, 'Recent advances of titanium dioxide (TiO₂) for green organic synthesis', RSC Advances, vol. 6, no. 110, pp. 108741-108754.
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This review focuses on the recent development of TiO₂ as a catalyst in green organic synthesis including in hydrodeoxygenation, hydrogenation, esterification/transesterification, the water–gas shift reaction, and visible light-induced organic transformation.

Othman, SH & Beydoun, G 2016, 'A metamodel-based knowledge sharing system for disaster management', EXPERT SYSTEMS WITH APPLICATIONS, vol. 63, pp. 49-65.
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Ouyang, J, Han, B, Cao, Y, Zhou, W, Li, W & Shah, SP 2016, 'The role and interaction of superplasticizer and emulsifier in fresh cement asphalt emulsion paste through rheology study', Construction and Building Materials, vol. 125, pp. 643-653.
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Paimin, AN, Hadgraft, RG, Prpic, JK & Alias, M 2016, 'An application of the theory of reasoned action: Assessing success factors of engineering students', International Journal of Engineering Education, vol. 32, no. 6, pp. 2426-2433.
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Student attrition in engineering is of concern. This study investigated motivational factors necessary to succeed in engineering. The Theory of Reasoned Action (TRA) model was used to guide the suggested paths from learning strategy, interest, and intention to academic performance. Participants were 135 Malaysian and 132 Australian engineering undergraduates who had completed the Study Process Questionnaire (R-SPQ-2F) scale and the Learner Autonomy Profile (LAP-SF) scale. The correlation coefficient analysis showed strong interrelationships between learning strategy, interest and intention. The findings of the structural equation modelling (SEM) revealed unexpected but interesting findings between the two countries. Two different pathways were established for the Malaysian and Australian data suggesting that the TRA model is best suited to the Australian learning context. The findings of this study could help identify a suitable model for explaining success factors in engineering.

Paler, A, Devitt, SJ & Fowler, AG 2016, 'Synthesis of Arbitrary Quantum Circuits to Topological Assembly', Scientific Reports 6, Article number: 30600 (2016), vol. 6.
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Given a quantum algorithm, it is highly nontrivial to devise an efficient sequence of physical gates implementing the algorithm on real hardware and incorporating topological quantum error correction. In this paper, we present a first step towards this goal, focusing on generating correct and simple arrangements of topological structures that correspond to a given quantum circuit and largely neglecting their efficiency. We detail the many challenges that will need to be tackled in the pursuit of efficiency. The software source code can be consulted at https://github.com/alexandrupaler/tqec.

Paler, A, Wille, R & Devitt, SJ 2016, 'Wire Recycling for Quantum Circuit Optimization', Phys. Rev. A, vol. 94, no. 4, p. 042337.
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Quantum information processing is expressed using quantum bits (qubits) and quantum gates which are arranged in the terms of quantum circuits. Here, each qubit is associated to a quantum circuit wire which is used to conduct the desired operations. Most of the existing quantum circuits allocate a single quantum circuit wire for each qubit and, hence, introduce a significant overhead. In fact, qubits are usually not needed during the entire computation but only between their initialization and measurement. Before and after that, corresponding wires may be used by other qubits. In this work, we propose a solution which exploits this fact in order to optimize the design of quantum circuits with respect to the required wires. To this end, we introduce a representation of the lifetimes of all qubits which is used to analyze the respective need for wires. Based on this analysis, a method is proposed which 'recycles' the available wires and, by this, reduces the size of the resulting circuit. Experimental evaluations based on established reversible and fault-tolerant quantum circuits confirm that the proposed solution reduces the amount of wires by more than 90% compared to unoptimized quantum circuits.

Palmer, S, Litvinova, K, Dunaev, A, Fleming, S, McGloin, D & Nabi, G 2016, 'Changes in autofluorescence based organoid model of muscle invasive urinary bladder cancer', Biomedical Optics Express, vol. 7, no. 4, pp. 1193-1193.
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Pan, Y, Ni, B-J, Liu, Y & Guo, J 2016, 'Modeling of the interaction among aerobic ammonium-oxidizing archaea/bacteria and anaerobic ammonium-oxidizing bacteria', Chemical Engineering Science, vol. 150, pp. 35-40.
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Pan, Y, van den Akker, B, Ye, L, Ni, B-J, Watts, S, Reid, K & Yuan, Z 2016, 'Unravelling the spatial variation of nitrous oxide emissions from a step-feed plug-flow full scale wastewater treatment plant', SCIENTIFIC REPORTS, vol. 6.
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Pang, YL, Lim, S, Ong, HC & Chong, WT 2016, 'Research progress on iron oxide-based magnetic materials: Synthesis techniques and photocatalytic applications', Ceramics International, vol. 42, no. 1, pp. 9-34.
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Pang, YL, Lim, S, Ong, HC & Chong, WT 2016, 'Synthesis, characteristics and sonocatalytic activities of calcined γ-Fe2O3 and TiO2 nanotubes/γ-Fe2O3 magnetic catalysts in the degradation of Orange G', Ultrasonics Sonochemistry, vol. 29, pp. 317-327.
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Parsa-Pajouh, A, Fatahi, B & Khabbaz, H 2016, 'Experimental and numerical investigations to evaluate two-dimensional modeling of vertical drain-assisted preloading', International Journal of Geomechanics, vol. 16, no. 1.
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© 2015 American Society of Civil Engineers. In this study, the efficiency of proposed formulations for plane-strain modeling of vertical drain-assisted consolidation was evaluated. For this aim, the vertical drain-assisted preloading process was experimentally simulated using a fully instrumented large-scale Rowe cell. Nine pore-water-pressure transducers were installed in various locations to measure the changes in pore-water pressure during the test. Two pressure/volume controllers were connected to an infinite-volume controller to provide continuous water flow. Soft clays with predefined properties were used to form the intact and smear zones. A numerical code was developed by using the finite-difference program FLAC 2D to simulate the consolidation test. A numerical study was conducted to evaluate the efficiency of the proposed solutions for converting the axisymmetric state to a plane-strain condition and was subsequently compared with corresponding numerical analysis. From the results, it is observed that some of the proposed methods resulted in more accurate predictions of settlement and changes of pore-water pressure in the early stages of the consolidation process, whereas other proposed methods performed more accurately in the later stages of consolidation. Thus, three-dimensional modeling with actual soil-permeability properties to simulate the time-dependent behavior of soft soil improved with vertical drains is recommended.

Pasupathy, K, Berndt, M, Castel, A, Sanjayan, J & Pathmanathan, R 2016, 'Carbonation of a blended slag-fly ash geopolymer concrete in field conditions after 8 years', Construction and Building Materials, vol. 125, pp. 661-669.
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Pathirana, SW, Uy, B, Mirza, O & Zhu, X 2016, 'Bolted and welded connectors for the rehabilitation of composite beams', Journal of Constructional Steel Research, vol. 125, pp. 61-73.
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Patten, T, Zillich, M, Fitch, R, Vincze, M & Sukkarieh, S 2016, 'Viewpoint Evaluation for Online 3-D Active Object Classification', IEEE Robotics and Automation Letters, vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 73-81.
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Paulraj, D, Swamynathan, S, Chandran, D, Balasubadra, K & Prem, MV 2016, 'Service Composition and Execution Plan Generation of Composite Semantic WEB Services Using Abductive Event Calculus', Computational Intelligence, vol. 32, no. 4, pp. 711-737.
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Web Service composition is indispensable, as a single web service cannot satisfy the complex functional requirement of a user. The two key challenges of semantic web service composition are the discovery of the most relevant atomic services from the composite semantic web services and by no means we can assure the execution of the composed atomic services in a proper order. In this work, these two challenges are addressed, and a novel architecture is proposed for atomic service discovery, composition and automatic plan generation for the proper execution of its candidate services. The proposed architecture takes the advantage of abductive event calculus that uses abductive theorem prover to generate a plan for the proper order of execution of the atomic services. The research has found that the plan generated by the proposed architecture is sound and complete.

Pavesi, A, Adriani, G, Tay, A, Warkiani, ME, Yeap, WH, Wong, SC & Kamm, RD 2016, 'Engineering a 3D microfluidic culture platform for tumor-treating field application', Scientific Reports, vol. 6, no. 1.
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AbstractThe limitations of current cancer therapies highlight the urgent need for a more effective therapeutic strategy. One promising approach uses an alternating electric field; however, the mechanisms involved in the disruption of the cancer cell cycle as well as the potential adverse effects on non-cancerous cells must be clarified. In this study, we present a novel microfluidic device with embedded electrodes that enables the application of an alternating electric field therapy to cancer cells in a 3D extracellular matrix. To demonstrate the potential of our system to aid in designing and testing new therapeutic approaches, cancer cells and cancer cell aggregates were cultured individually or co-cultured with endothelial cells. The metastatic potential of the cancer cells was reduced after electric field treatment. Moreover, the proliferation rate of the treated cancer cells was lower compared with that of the untreated cells, whereas the morphologies and proliferative capacities of the endothelial cells were not significantly affected. These results demonstrate that our novel system can be used to rapidly screen the effect of an alternating electric field on cancer and normal cells within an in vivo-like microenvironment with the potential to optimize treatment protocols and evaluate synergies between tumor-treating field treatment and chemotherapy.

Payne, T, Mitchell, S, Halkon, B & Bibb, R 2016, 'A systematic approach to the characterisation of human impact injury scenarios in sport', BMJ Open Sport & Exercise Medicine, vol. 2, no. 1, pp. e000017-e000017.
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Background

In contact sports (eg, American football or rugby), injuries resulting from impacts are widespread. There have been several attempts to identify and collate, within a conceptual framework, factors influencing the likelihood of an injury. To effectively define an injury event it is necessary to systematically consider all potential causal factors but none of the previous approaches are complete in this respect.

Aims

First, to develop a superior deterministic contextual sequential (DCS) model to promote a complete and logical description of interrelated injury event factors. Second, to demonstrate systematic use of the model to construct enhanced perspectives for impact-injury research.

Method

Previous models were examined and elements of best practice synthesised into a new DCS framework description categorising the types of causal factors influencing injury. The approach's internal robustness is demonstrated by consideration of its completeness, lack of redundancy and logical consistency.

Results

The model's external validity and worth are demonstrated through its use to generate superior descriptive injury models, experimental protocols and intervention opportunities. Comprehensive research perspectives have been developed using a common rugby impact-injury scenario as an example; this includes: a detailed description of the injury event, an experimental protocol for a human-on-surrogate reconstruction, and a series of practical interventions in the sport of rugby aimed at mitigating the risk of injury.

Conclusions

Our improved characterisation tool presents a structured approach to identify pertinent factors relating to an injury.

Payne, T, Mitchell, S, Halkon, B, Bibb, R & Waters, M 2016, 'Development of a synthetic human thigh impact surrogate for sports personal protective equipment testing', Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part P: Journal of Sports Engineering and Technology, vol. 230, no. 1, pp. 5-16.
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© IMechE 2015. Synthetic impact surrogates are widely used in the sporting goods industry in the evaluation of personal protective equipment. Existing surrogates, exemplified by those used in safety standards, have many shortcomings, primarily relating to their mass, stiffness, geometries and levels of constraint which limit their biofidelity and subsequent usefulness in personal protective equipment evaluations. In sports, absence from competition is a primary severity measure for injuries; consequently, blunt trauma injuries, such as contusions and lacerations, become pertinent and serious concerns. It is important, therefore, that synthetic surrogates provide an adequate description of these soft tissues to effectively evaluate injury risk. A novel, multi-material human thigh surrogate has been presented with consideration to the tissue structures, geometries and simulant materials used. This study presents the detailed development stages undertaken to fabricate a multi-material synthetic soft tissue surrogate with skin, subcutaneous adipose and muscle tissue components. The resultant surrogate demonstrates the successful use of sequential moulding techniques to construct a full-scale anatomical human impact surrogate which can be used in personal protective equipment testing.

Pegrum, C, Zhang, T, Du, J & Guo, YJ 2016, 'Simulation of HTS Josephson Mixers', IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, vol. 26, no. 3, pp. 1-5.
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© 2016 IEEE. The Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization has developed superconducting microwave monolithic integrated circuit (MMIC) mixers using step-edge Josephson junctions and on-chip filters, made from YBaCuO on MgO substrates. Integration into an MMIC results in a compact and efficiently coupled structure. These have been shown to have outstanding conversion efficiency, dynamic range, and linearity. We report here a range of simulations of this type of mixer. We have mainly used Josephson simulators and analyze the data in both the time and frequency domains. More recently, we have also used microwave simulators incorporating a novel Verilog-A Josephson junction model that we have developed. We have looked at the interactions of junction bias current, local oscillator power, and radio-frequency input power with conversion efficiency, dynamic range, and linearity. Good agreement is found overall with measurements.

Peng, L & Stewart, MG 2016, 'Climate change and corrosion damage risks for reinforced concrete infrastructure in China', Structure and Infrastructure Engineering, vol. 12, no. 4, pp. 499-516.
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A changing climate which leads to increases in atmospheric CO2 concentration, and changes in temperature and relative humidity (RH), especially in the longer term, will accelerate the deterioration processes and consequently decline the safety, serviceability and durability of reinforced concrete (RC) infrastructure. This paper presents an investigation of carbonation-induced deterioration in three typical Chinese cities (Kunming, Xiamen and Jinan) under a changing climate. The changing trends of atmospheric CO2, local temperature and RH of typical Chinese cities are projected based on the latest CO2 emission scenarios. The time-dependent analysis is based on Monte Carlo simulation, and includes the uncertainty of climate projections, deterioration processes, material properties, dimensions and accuracy of predictive models. Deterioration of RC structures is represented by the probabilities of reinforcement corrosion initiation and damage. It was found that the mean carbonation depths by 2100 may increase by up to 45% for RC structures in China due to a changing climate. It was also found that climate change can cause an additional 7–20% of carbonation-induced damage by 2100 for RC buildings in temperate or cold climate areas in China. The findings provide a basis for the development of climate adaptation strategies through the improved design of concrete structures.

Peng, L, Liu, Y & Ni, B-J 2016, 'Nitrous oxide production in completely autotrophic nitrogen removal biofilm process: A simulation study', Chemical Engineering Journal, vol. 287, pp. 217-224.
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Peng, L, Liu, Y, Gao, S-H, Chen, X & Ni, B-J 2016, 'Evaluating simultaneous chromate and nitrate reduction during microbial denitrification processes', Water Research, vol. 89, pp. 1-8.
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Peng, L, Ni, B-J, Law, Y & Yuan, Z 2016, 'Modeling N2O production by ammonia oxidizing bacteria at varying inorganic carbon concentrations by coupling the catabolic and anabolic processes', Chemical Engineering Science, vol. 144, pp. 386-394.
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Peng, L, Sun, J, Liu, Y, Dai, X & Ni, B-J 2016, 'Nitrous Oxide Production in Co- Versus Counter-Diffusion Nitrifying Biofilms', Scientific Reports, vol. 6, no. 1.
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AbstractFor the application of biofilm processes, a better understanding of nitrous oxide (N2O) formation within the biofilm is essential for design and operation of biofilm reactors with minimized N2O emissions. In this work, a previously established N2O model incorporating both ammonia oxidizing bacteria (AOB) denitrification and hydroxylamine (NH2OH) oxidation pathways is applied in two structurally different biofilm systems to assess the effects of co- and counter-diffusion on N2O production. It is demonstrated that the diffusion of NH2OH and oxygen within both types of biofilms would form an anoxic layer with the presence of NH2OH and nitrite ( 'Equation missing'), which would result in a high N2O production via AOB denitrification pathway. As a result, AOB denitrification pathway is dominant over NH2OH oxidation pathway within the co- and counter-diffusion biofilms. In comparison, the co-diffusion biofilm may generate substantially higher N2O than the counter-diffusion biofilm due to the higher accumulation of NH2OH in co-diffusion biofilm, especially under the condition of high-strength ammonium influent (500 mg N/L), thick biofilm depth (300 μm) and moderate oxygen loading (~1–~4 m3/d). The effect of co- and counter-diffusion on N2O production from the AOB biofilm is minimal when treating low-strength nitrogenous wastewater.

Percival, J & McGregor, C 2016, 'An Evaluation of Understandability of Patient Journey Models in Mental Health', JMIR Human Factors, vol. 3, no. 2, pp. e20-e20.
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Background: There is a significant trend toward implementing health information technology to reduce administrative costs and improve patient care. Unfortunately, little awareness exists of the challenges of integrating information systems with existing clinical practice. The systematic integration of clinical processes with information system and health information technology can benefit the patients, staff, and the delivery of care. Objectives: This paper presents a comparison of the degree of understandability of patient journey models. In particular, the authors demonstrate the value of a relatively new patient journey modeling technique called the Patient Journey Modeling Architecture (PaJMa) when compared with traditional manufacturing based process modeling tools. The paper also presents results from a small pilot case study that compared the usability of 5 modeling approaches in a mental health care environment. Method: Five business process modeling techniques were used to represent a selected patient journey. A mix of both qualitative and quantitative methods was used to evaluate these models. Techniques included a focus group and survey to measure usability of the various models. Results: The preliminary evaluation of the usability of the 5 modeling techniques has shown increased staff understanding of the representation of their processes and activities when presented with the models. Improved individual role identification throughout the models was also observed. The extended version of the PaJMa methodology provided the most clarity of information flows for clinicians. Conclusions: The extended version of PaJMa provided a significant improvement in the ease of interpretation for clinicians and increased the engagement with the modeling process. The use of color and its effectiveness in distinguishing the representation of roles was a key feature of the framework not present in other modeling approaches. Future research should focus on extending the ...

Perera, D, Poulos, RC, Shah, A, Beck, D, Pimanda, JE & Wong, JWH 2016, 'Differential DNA repair underlies mutation hotspots at active promoters in cancer genomes', NATURE, vol. 532, no. 7598, pp. 259-+.
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Perreault, F, Jaramillo, H, Xie, M, Ude, M, Nghiem, LD & Elimelech, M 2016, 'Biofouling Mitigation in Forward Osmosis Using Graphene Oxide Functionalized Thin-Film Composite Membranes', Environmental Science & Technology, vol. 50, no. 11, pp. 5840-5848.
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Pham, BT, Pradhan, B, Tien Bui, D, Prakash, I & Dholakia, MB 2016, 'A comparative study of different machine learning methods for landslide susceptibility assessment: A case study of Uttarakhand area (India)', Environmental Modelling & Software, vol. 84, pp. 240-250.
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Pham, HM, Nguyen, ND, Center, JR, Eisman, JA & Nguyen, TV 2016, 'Contribution of Quadriceps Weakness to Fragility Fracture: A Prospective Study', Journal of Bone and Mineral Research, vol. 31, no. 1, pp. 208-214.
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ABSTRACTThe association between muscle weakness and fracture is not well understood. This study sought to examine the contribution of muscle strength at baseline and change in muscle strength to the observed risk of fragility fracture in older people. The study involved 595 men and 1066 women aged 60+ years (median 69 years) who had been followed for a median of 11 years (range, 4 to 22 years). Quadriceps isometric muscle strength (MS) measured at baseline and biennially was adjusted for height. Femoral neck bone mineral density (FNBMD) was measured by DXA. Low‐trauma fracture was ascertained from X‐ray reports and interview. The relationship between baseline MS and serial MS and fracture assessed by time‐invariant and time‐variant Cox's regression models was expressed as hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (CI). During the follow‐up period, 282 (26%) women and 89 (15%) men sustained a fragility fracture. From age 60 years, women lost 0.28 kg/m (1.6%) of MS per year, whereas men lost 0.39 kg/m (1.5%) of MS per year. In the time‐variant model, using serial MS, each 1 SD (4.7 kg/m) lower MS was associated with a 27% increase in the risk of fracture in women (HR 1.27; 95% CI, 1.11 to 1.43); and 46% increase in men (HR 1.46; 95% CI, 1.22 to 1.75). After adjusting for FNBMD, age and prior fracture, history of fall and smoking, HR per SD of lower MS was 1.13 (95% CI, 0.99 to 1.28) for women and 1.35 (95% CI, 1.18 to 1.64) for men. These data indicate that muscle weakness is an independent determinant of fracture risk in men, but not in women. This sex difference suggests that apart from mechanical load effect of muscle on bone, there are other muscle‐bone interactions that need to be investigated in future studies. The accuracy of fracture risk prediction for men may be improved by incorporating muscle strength. © 2015 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.

Phan, HV, Hai, FI, Zhang, R, Kang, J, Price, WE & Nghiem, LD 2016, 'Bacterial community dynamics in an anoxic-aerobic membrane bioreactor – Impact on nutrient and trace organic contaminant removal', International Biodeterioration & Biodegradation, vol. 109, pp. 61-72.
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Phan, HV, McDonald, JA, Hai, FI, Price, WE, Khan, SJ, Fujioka, T & Nghiem, LD 2016, 'Biological performance and trace organic contaminant removal by a side-stream ceramic nanofiltration membrane bioreactor', International Biodeterioration & Biodegradation, vol. 113, pp. 49-56.
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Phuntsho, S, Kim, JE, Johir, MAH, Hong, S, Li, Z, Ghaffour, N, Leiknes, T & Shon, HK 2016, 'Fertiliser drawn forward osmosis process: Pilot-scale desalination of mine impaired water for fertigation', Journal of Membrane Science, vol. 508, pp. 22-31.
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Pietroni, N, Puppo, E, Marcias, G, Roberto, R & Cignoni, P 2016, 'Tracing Field-Coherent Quad Layouts.', Comput. Graph. Forum, vol. 35, pp. 485-496.
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Piggin, CL, Roden, DL, Gallego-Ortega, D, Lee, HJ, Oakes, SR & Ormandy, CJ 2016, 'ELF5 isoform expression is tissue-specific and significantly altered in cancer', Breast Cancer Research, vol. 18, no. 1.
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Pilav-Velic, A & Marjanovic, O 2016, 'Integrating open innovation and business process innovation: Insights from a large-scale study on a transition economy.', Inf. Manag., vol. 53, no. 3, pp. 398-408.
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Pileggi, SF 2016, 'Is Big Data the New ?God? on Earth? [Opinion]', IEEE Technology and Society Magazine, vol. 35, no. 1, pp. 18-20.
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Pokhrel, A, Li, JC, Li, YC, Maksis, N & Yu, Y 2016, 'Comparative Studies of Base Isolation Systems Featured with Lead Rubber Bearings and Friction Pendulum Bearings', Applied Mechanics and Materials, vol. 846, pp. 114-119.
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Due to the fact that safety is the major concern for civil structures in a seismic active zone, it has always been a challenge for structural engineers to protect structures from earthquake. During past several decades base isolation technique has become more and more popular in the field of seismic protection which can be adopted for new structures as well as the retrofit of existing structures. The objective of this study is to evaluate the behaviours of the building with different seismic isolation systems in terms of roof acceleration, elastic base shear and inter-storey drift under four benchmark earthquakes, namely, El Centro, Northridge, Hachinohe and Kobe earthquakes. Firstly, the design of base isolation systems, i.e. lead rubber bearing (LRB) and friction pendulum bearing (FPB) for five storey RC building was introduced in detail. The non-linear time history analysis was performed in order to determine the structural responses whereas Bouc-Wen Model of hysteresis was adopted for modelling the bilinear behaviour of the bearings. Both isolation systems increase the fundamental period of structures and reduces the spectral acceleration, and hence reduces the lateral force cause by earthquake in the structures, resulting in significant improvement in building performance; however the Lead Rubber Bearing provided the best reduction in elastic base shear and inter-storey drift (at first floor) for most of the benchmark earthquakes. For the adopted bearing characteristics, FPB provided the low isolator displacement.

Polhill, JG, Filatova, T, Schlüter, M & Voinov, A 2016, 'Modelling systemic change in coupled socio-environmental systems', Environmental Modelling & Software, vol. 75, pp. 318-332.
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Polhill, JG, Filatova, T, Schlüter, M & Voinov, A 2016, 'Preface to the thematic issue on modelling systemic change in coupled socio-environmental systems', Environmental Modelling & Software, vol. 75, pp. 317-317.
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Polonchuk, L, Chabria, M, Davies, MJ & Gentile, C 2016, 'Doxorubicin-Mediated Toxic Effects Are Mediated Via NO/eNOS in a Novel 3D in Vitro Model of the Human Heart', Free Radical Biology and Medicine, vol. 100, pp. S142-S142.
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Polwaththe-Gallage, H-N, Saha, SC, Sauret, E, Flower, R & Gu, Y 2016, 'A coupled SPH-DEM approach to model the interactions between multiple red blood cells in motion in capillaries', International Journal of Mechanics and Materials in Design, vol. 12, no. 4, pp. 477-494.
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Polwaththe-Gallage, HN, Saha, SC, Sauret, E, Flower, R, Senadeera, W & Gu, YT 2016, 'SPH-DEM approach to numerically simulate the deformation of three-dimensional RBCs in non-uniform capillaries', BioMedical Engineering Online, vol. 15, no. S2.
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© 2016 The Author(s). Background: Blood continuously flows through the blood vessels in the human body. When blood flows through the smallest blood vessels, red blood cells (RBCs) in the blood exhibit various types of motion and deformed shapes. Computational modelling techniques can be used to successfully predict the behaviour of the RBCs in capillaries. In this study, we report the application of a meshfree particle approach to model and predict the motion and deformation of three-dimensional RBCs in capillaries. Methods: An elastic spring network based on the discrete element method (DEM) is employed to model the three-dimensional RBC membrane. The haemoglobin in the RBC and the plasma in the blood are modelled as smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) particles. For validation purposes, the behaviour of a single RBC in a simple shear flow is examined and compared against experimental results. Then simulations are carried out to predict the behaviour of RBCs in a capillary; (i) the motion of five identical RBCs in a uniform capillary, (ii) the motion of five identical RBCs with different bending stiffness (K b ) values in a stenosed capillary, (iii) the motion of three RBCs in a narrow capillary. Finally five identical RBCs are employed to determine the critical diameter of a stenosed capillary. Results: Validation results showed a good agreement with less than 10% difference. From the above simulations, the following results are obtained; (i) RBCs exhibit different deformation behaviours due to the hydrodynamic interaction between them. (ii) Asymmetrical deformation behaviours of the RBCs are clearly observed when the bending stiffness (K b ) of the RBCs is changed. (iii) The model predicts the ability of the RBCs to squeeze through smaller blood vessels. Finally, from the simulations, the critical diameter of the stenosed section to stop the motion of blood flow is predicted. Conclusions: A three-dimensional spring network model based on DEM in com...

Porter, SH, Xiong, J, Avdeev, M, Merz, D, Woodward, PM & Huang, Z 2016, 'Structural, Magnetic, and Optical Properties of A₃V₄(PO₄)₆ (A = Mg, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni)', Inorganic Chemistry, vol. 55, no. 12, pp. 5772-5779.
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Pourahmad, AA, Neshat, M & Hasani, MR 2016, 'Using LibQUAL Model for Improving the Level of Students’ Satisfaction from Quality of Services in Academic Libraries: A Case Study in North Khorasan Province, Iran', Journal of Information & Knowledge Management, vol. 15, no. 01, pp. 1650011-1650011.
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The most important aim of the research is to evaluate and analyse the quality level of services of four different university libraries which are located in the North Khorasan province in Iran. The statistical populations included various students from different branches and they were chosen as samples. For collecting data, the survey method was applied; meanwhile, data collection tool, specific questionnaire were used since that each of the four components for quality estimation of services was calculated using LibQUAL tool. The mean total services for university libraries of North Khorasan were negative in terms of service fitness gap, which means that libraries were not capable of satisfying the minimum anticipation of their users. Interestingly, for all library services, gap was negative too. In other words, libraries are far from rewarding the expectations of students associated with the most desirable (maximum) level of services.

Pourghasemi, HR, Beheshtirad, M & Pradhan, B 2016, 'A comparative assessment of prediction capabilities of modified analytical hierarchy process (M-AHP) and Mamdani fuzzy logic models using Netcad-GIS for forest fire susceptibility mapping', Geomatics, Natural Hazards and Risk, vol. 7, no. 2, pp. 861-885.
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Pradeepkumar, A, Mishra, N, Kermany, AR, Boeckl, JJ, Hellerstedt, J, Fuhrer, MS & Iacopi, F 2016, 'Catastrophic degradation of the interface of epitaxial silicon carbide on silicon at high temperatures', Applied Physics Letters, vol. 109, no. 1, pp. 011604-011604.
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Epitaxial cubic silicon carbide on silicon is of high potential technological relevance for the integration of a wide range of applications and materials with silicon technologies, such as micro electro mechanical systems, wide-bandgap electronics, and graphene. The hetero-epitaxial system engenders mechanical stresses at least up to a GPa, pressures making it extremely challenging to maintain the integrity of the silicon carbide/silicon interface. In this work, we investigate the stability of said interface and we find that high temperature annealing leads to a loss of integrity. High–resolution transmission electron microscopy analysis shows a morphologically degraded SiC/Si interface, while mechanical stress measurements indicate considerable relaxation of the interfacial stress. From an electrical point of view, the diode behaviour of the initial p-Si/n-SiC junction is catastrophically lost due to considerable inter-diffusion of atoms and charges across the interface upon annealing. Temperature dependent transport measurements confirm a severe electrical shorting of the epitaxial silicon carbide to the underlying substrate, indicating vast predominance of the silicon carriers in lateral transport above 25 K. This finding has crucial consequences on the integration of epitaxial silicon carbide on silicon and its potential applications.

Pradeepkumar, A, Mishra, N, Kermany, AR, Boeckl, JJ, Hellerstedt, J, Fuhrer, MS & Iacopi, F 2016, 'Response to “Comment on ‘Catastrophic degradation of the interface of epitaxial silicon carbide on silicon at high temperatures’” [Appl. Phys. Lett. 109, 196101 (2016)]', Applied Physics Letters, vol. 109, no. 19, pp. 196102-196102.
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Pradhan, B, Abdullahi, S & Seddighi, Y 2016, 'Detection of urban environments using advanced land observing satellite phased array type L-band synthetic aperture radar data through different classification techniques', Journal of Applied Remote Sensing, vol. 10, no. 3, pp. 036029-036029.
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Pradhan, B, Jebur, MN, Shafri, HZM & Tehrany, MS 2016, 'Data Fusion Technique Using Wavelet Transform and Taguchi Methods for Automatic Landslide Detection From Airborne Laser Scanning Data and QuickBird Satellite Imagery', IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, vol. 54, no. 3, pp. 1610-1622.
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Pradhan, B, Tehrany, MS & Jebur, MN 2016, 'A New Semiautomated Detection Mapping of Flood Extent From TerraSAR-X Satellite Image Using Rule-Based Classification and Taguchi Optimization Techniques', IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, vol. 54, no. 7, pp. 4331-4342.
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Pratama, M, Lu, J & Zhang, G 2016, 'Evolving Type-2 Fuzzy Classifier', IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON FUZZY SYSTEMS, vol. 24, no. 3, pp. 574-589.
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Pratama, M, Lu, J, Anavatti, S, Lughofer, E & Lim, C-P 2016, 'An incremental meta-cognitive-based scaffolding fuzzy neural network', NEUROCOMPUTING, vol. 171, pp. 89-105.
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Pratama, M, Lu, J, Lughofer, E, Zhang, G & Anavatti, S 2016, 'Scaffolding type-2 classifier for incremental learning under concept drifts', NEUROCOMPUTING, vol. 191, pp. 304-329.
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© 2016 Elsevier B.V. The proposal of a meta-cognitive learning machine that embodies the three pillars of human learning: what-to-learn, how-to-learn, and when-to-learn, has enriched the landscape of evolving systems. The majority of meta-cognitive learning machines in the literature have not, however, characterized a plug-and-play working principle, and thus require supplementary learning modules to be pre-or post-processed. In addition, they still rely on the type-1 neuron, which has problems of uncertainty. This paper proposes the Scaffolding Type-2 Classifier (ST2Class). ST2Class is a novel meta-cognitive scaffolding classifier that operates completely in local and incremental learning modes. It is built upon a multivariable interval type-2 Fuzzy Neural Network (FNN) which is driven by multivariate Gaussian function in the hidden layer and the non-linear wavelet polynomial in the output layer. The what-to-learn module is created by virtue of a novel active learning scenario termed the uncertainty measure; the how-to-learn module is based on the renowned Schema and Scaffolding theories; and the when-to-learn module uses a standard sample reserved strategy. The viability of ST2Class is numerically benchmarked against state-of-the-art classifiers in 12 data streams, and is statistically validated by thorough statistical tests, in which it achieves high accuracy while retaining low complexity.

Pratama, M, Zhang, G, Er, MJ & Anavatti, S 2016, 'An Incremental Type-2 Meta-Cognitive Extreme Learning Machine', IEEE Transactions on Cybernetics, vol. 47, no. 2, pp. 1-15.
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© 2016 IEEE. Existing extreme learning algorithm have not taken into account four issues: 1) complexity; 2) uncertainty; 3) concept drift; and 4) high dimensionality. A novel incremental type-2 meta-cognitive extreme learning machine (ELM) called evolving type-2 ELM (eT2ELM) is proposed to cope with the four issues in this paper. The eT2ELM presents three main pillars of human meta-cognition: 1) what-to-learn; 2) how-to-learn; and 3) when-to-learn. The what-to-learn component selects important training samples for model updates by virtue of the online certainty-based active learning method, which renders eT2ELM as a semi-supervised classifier. The how-to-learn element develops a synergy between extreme learning theory and the evolving concept, whereby the hidden nodes can be generated and pruned automatically from data streams with no tuning of hidden nodes. The when-to-learn constituent makes use of the standard sample reserved strategy. A generalized interval type-2 fuzzy neural network is also put forward as a cognitive component, in which a hidden node is built upon the interval type-2 multivariate Gaussian function while exploiting a subset of Chebyshev series in the output node. The efficacy of the proposed eT2ELM is numerically validated in 12 data streams containing various concept drifts. The numerical results are confirmed by thorough statistical tests, where the eT2ELM demonstrates the most encouraging numerical results in delivering reliable prediction, while sustaining low complexity.

Prationo, W & Zhang, L 2016, 'Influence of steam on ignition of Victorian brown coal particle stream in oxy-fuel combustion: In-situ diagnosis and transient ignition modelling', Fuel, vol. 181, pp. 1203-1213.
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Prukkanon, N, Chamnongthai, K & Miyanaga, Y 2016, 'F0 contour approximation model for a one-stream tonal word recognition system', AEU - International Journal of Electronics and Communications, vol. 70, no. 5, pp. 681-688.
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Qiang, L, Cheng, J, Yi, J, Rotchell, JM, Zhu, X & Zhou, J 2016, 'Environmental concentration of carbamazepine accelerates fish embryonic development and disturbs larvae behavior', Ecotoxicology, vol. 25, no. 7, pp. 1426-1437.
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Environmental pollution caused by pharmaceuticals has been recognized as a major threat to the aquatic ecosystems. Carbamazepine, as the widely prescribed antiepileptic drug, has been frequently detected in the aquatic environment and has created concerns about its potential impacts in the aquatic organisms. The effects of carbamazepine on zebrafish embryos were studied by examining their phenotype, behavior and molecular responses. The results showed that carbamazepine disturbed the normal growth and development of exposed zebrafish embryos and larvae. Upon exposure to carbamazepine at 1 μg/L, the hatching rate, body length, swim bladder appearance and yolk sac absorption rate were significantly increased. Embryos in treatment groups were more sensitive to touch and light stimulation. At molecular level, exposure to an environmentally relevant concentration (1 μg/L) of carbamazepine disturbed the expression pattern of neural-related genes of zebrafish embryos and larvae. This study suggests that the exposure of fish embryo to antiepileptic drugs, at environmentally relevant concentrations, affects their early development and impairs their behavior. Such impacts may have future repercussions by affecting fish population structure.

Qin, P, Zhu, H, Lee, JE-Y & Xue, Q 2016, 'Phase Noise Reduction in a VHF MEMS-CMOS Oscillator Using Phononic Crystals', IEEE Journal of the Electron Devices Society, vol. 4, no. 3, pp. 149-154.
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Qin, P-Y, Guo, YJ & Weily, AR 2016, 'Broadband Reflectarray Antenna Using Subwavelength Elements Based on Double Square Meander-Line Rings', IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ANTENNAS AND PROPAGATION, vol. 64, no. 1, pp. 378-383.
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© 2015 IEEE. A linearly polarized broadband reflectarray is presented employing a novel single layer subwavelength phase shifting element. The size of the element is a fifth of a wavelength at the center frequency of 10 GHz and the element consists of double concentric square rings of meander lines. By changing the length of the meander line, a 420° phase variation range is achieved at the center frequency. This characteristic makes the proposed configuration unique, as most of the reported subwavelength reflectarray elements can only realize a phase range far less than 360°. In addition, the slope of the phase response remains almost constant from 9 to 11 GHz, demonstrating a broadband property. A 48 × 48-element reflectarray antenna is simulated, fabricated, and measured. Good agreement is obtained between simulated and measured results. A measured 1.5-dB gain bandwidth of 18% and 56.5% aperture efficiency is achieved.

Qiu, N, Gao, Y, Fang, J, Feng, Z, Sun, G & Li, Q 2016, 'Theoretical prediction and optimization of multi-cell hexagonal tubes under axial crashing', Thin-Walled Structures, vol. 102, pp. 111-121.
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Radmanesh, N, Burnett, IS & Rao, BD 2016, 'A Lasso-LS Optimization with a Frequency Variable Dictionary in a Multizone Sound System', IEEE/ACM Transactions on Audio, Speech, and Language Processing, vol. 24, no. 3, pp. 583-593.
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©2016 IEEE. This paper presents an approach for multizone wideband sound field generation using an efficient harmonic nested (EHN) dictionary for sparse loudspeakers' placement and weight. Effectively, the nested arrays provide a priori knowledge of prospective loudspeaker locations based on the frequency bands of interest. The nested arrays are then further optimized in the Lasso stage to form an efficient loudspeakers' location dictionary. The final loudspeaker locations and weightings are estimated by a two-stage Lasso-LS pressure matching optimization. In the first stage Lasso algorithm, the center band frequencies of octave bands from 1 kHz to 8 kHz were used to select active loudspeakers. A second stage then optimizes reproduction using all selected loudspeakers on the basis of a regularized LS algorithm. The results demonstrate that the proposed approach provides a solution for the multizone sound system with the mean squared error (MSE) under -30 dB across the targeted frequency range (500 Hz- 16 kHz) using a linear array e.g. 13 loudspeakers. While, the single-stage LS approach generates the MSE peaks of -10 dB and -9 dB at 9 kHz within the active and silent zones respectively using an identical number of loudspeakers and array length.

Rafeie, M, Zhang, J, Asadnia, M, Li, W & Warkiani, ME 2016, 'Multiplexing slanted spiral microchannels for ultra-fast blood plasma separation', Lab on a Chip, vol. 16, no. 15, pp. 2791-2802.
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Blood and blood products are critical components of health care.

Rafi, FHM, Hossain, MJ & Lu, J 2016, 'Hierarchical controls selection based on PV penetrations for voltage rise mitigation in a LV distribution network', International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems, vol. 81, pp. 123-139.
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Rahbari, H & Krunz, M 2016, 'Full Frame Encryption and Modulation Obfuscation Using Channel-Independent Preamble Identifier', IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security, vol. 11, no. 12, pp. 2732-2747.
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Rahbari, H, Krunz, M & Lazos, L 2016, 'Swift Jamming Attack on Frequency Offset Estimation: The Achilles’ Heel of OFDM Systems', IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing, vol. 15, no. 5, pp. 1264-1278.
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Rahman, A, Chattopadhyay, G & Hossain, MJ 2016, 'Maintenance Decisions for IngroundDecay of Power-Supply Timber Poles', IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, vol. 31, no. 3, pp. 1106-1111.
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Rahman, M, Rasul, M, Hassan, N & Hyde, J 2016, 'Prospects of Biodiesel Production from Macadamia Oil as an Alternative Fuel for Diesel Engines', Energies, vol. 9, no. 6, pp. 403-403.
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Rahman, MS, Hossain, MJ & Lu, J 2016, 'Coordinated control of three-phase AC and DC type EV–ESSs for efficient hybrid microgrid operations', Energy Conversion and Management, vol. 122, pp. 488-503.
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Rahman, MS, Mahmud, MA, Oo, AMT, Pota, HR & Hossain, MJ 2016, 'Agent-based reactive power management of power distribution networks with distributed energy generation', Energy Conversion and Management, vol. 120, pp. 120-134.
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Rahman, MS, Pota, HR, Mahmud, MA & Hossain, MJ 2016, 'A decentralised multi-agent approach to enhance the stability of smart microgrids with renewable energy', International Journal of Sustainable Energy, vol. 35, no. 5, pp. 429-442.
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© 2014 Taylor & Francis. This paper presents the impact of large penetration of wind power on the transient stability through a dynamic evaluation of the critical clearing times (CCTs) by using intelligent agent-based approach. A decentralised multi-agent-based framework is developed, where agents represent a number of physical device models to form a complex infrastructure for computation and communication. They enable the dynamic flow of information and energy for the interaction between the physical processes and their activities. These agents dynamically adapt online measurements and use the CCT information for relay coordination to improve the transient stability of power systems. Simulations are carried out on a smart microgrid system for faults at increasing wind power penetration levels and the improvement in transient stability using the proposed agent-based framework is demonstrated.

Ramalingam, N, Warkiani, ME, Ramalingam, N, Keshavarzi, G, Hao-Bing, L & Hai-Qing, TG 2016, 'Numerical and experimental study of capillary-driven flow of PCR solution in hybrid hydrophobic microfluidic networks', Biomedical Microdevices, vol. 18, no. 4.
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Ramaprasad, A, Win, KT, Syn, T, Beydoun, G & Dawson, L 2016, 'Australia's National Health Programs: An Ontological Mapping.', Australas. J. Inf. Syst., vol. 20, pp. 1-21.
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Australia has a large number of health program initiatives whose comprehensive assessment will help refine and redefine priorities by highlighting areas of emphasis, under-emphasis, and non-emphasis. The objectives of our research are to: (a) systematically map all the programs onto an ontological framework, and (b) systemically analyse their relative emphases at different levels of granularity. We mapped all the health program initiatives onto an ontology with five dimensions, namely: (a) Policy-scope, (b) Policy-focus, (c) Outcomes, (d) Type of care, and (e) Population served. Each dimension is expanded into a taxonomy of its constituent elements. Each combination of elements from the five dimensions is a possible policy initiative component. There are 30,030 possible components encapsulated in the ontology. It includes, for example: (a) National financial policies on accessibility of preventive care for family, and (b) Local-urban regulatory policies on cost of palliative care for individual-aged. Four of the authors mapped all of Australia's health programs and initiatives on to the ontology. Visualizations of the data are used to highlight the relative emphases in the program initiatives. The dominant emphasis of the program initiatives is: [National] [educational, personnel-physician, information] policies on [accessibility, quality] of [preventive, wellness] care for the [community]. However, although (a) information is emphasized technology is not and (b) accessibility and quality are emphasized cost, satisfaction, and quality are not. The ontology and the results of the mapping can help systematically reassess and redirect the relative emphases of the programs and initiatives from a systemic perspective.

Rana, MM, Li, L & Su, SW 2016, 'An Adaptive-Then-Combine Dynamic State Estimation Considering Renewable Generations in Smart Grids', IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications, vol. 34, no. 12, pp. 3954-3961.
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© 1983-2012 IEEE.The penetration of renewable distributed energy resources, such as wind turbine, has been dramatically increased in distribution networks. Due to the intermittent property, the wind power generation patterns vary, which may risk distribution network operations. So, it is intrinsically necessary to monitor wind turbines in a distributed way. This paper presents an adaptive-Then-combine distributed dynamic approach for monitoring the grid under lossy communication links between the wind turbines and energy management system. First, the wind turbine is represented by a state-space linear model, with sensors deployed to obtain the system state information. Based on the mean squared error principle, an adaptive approach is proposed to estimate the local state information. The global estimation is designed by combining estimation results with weighting factors which are calculated by minimizing the estimation error covariance based on semidefinite programming. Finally, the convergence analysis indicates that the estimation error is gradually decreased, so the estimated state converges to the actual state. The efficacy of the developed approach is verified using the wind turbine and the IEEE 6-bus distribution system.

Rana, MM, Li, L & Su, SW 2016, 'Microgrid state estimation and control using Kalman filter and semidefinite programming technique', International Energy Journal, vol. 16, no. 2, pp. 47-56.
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The design of environment-friendly microgrids at the smart distribution level requires a stable behaviour for multiple state operations. This paper develops a Kalman filter based optimal feedback control method for the microgrid state estimation and stabilization. First, the microgrid is modelled by a discrete-time state space equation. Then the cost-effective smart sensors are deployed in order to obtain the required system information. From the communication point of view, the recursive systematic convolution code is adopted to add the redundancy in the system. At the end, the soft output Viterbi decoder is used to recover the system information from the noisy measurements and transmission uncertainties. Thereafter, the Kalman filter is utilized to estimate the system states, which acts as a precursor for applying the control algorithm. Finally, this paper proposes an optimal feedback control method to stabilize the microgrid based on semidefinite programming. The performance of the proposed approach is demonstrated by extensive numerical simulations.

Rao, P, Chen, Q, Zhou, Y, Nimbalkar, S & Chiaro, G 2016, 'Determination of Active Earth Pressure on Rigid Retaining Wall Considering Arching Effect in Cohesive Backfill Soil', International Journal of Geomechanics, vol. 16, no. 3, pp. 04015082-04015082.
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Rao, T, Xu, M & Xu, D 2016, 'Learning Multi-level Deep Representations for Image Emotion Classification', Neural Processing Letters, vol. 51, pp. 2043-2061.
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In this paper, we propose a new deep network that learns multi-level deep representations for image emotion classification (MldrNet). Image emotion can be recognized through image semantics, image aesthetics and low-level visual features from both global and local views. Existing image emotion classification works using hand-crafted features or deep features mainly focus on either low-level visual features or semantic-level image representations without taking all factors into consideration. The proposed MldrNet combines deep representations of different levels, i.e. image semantics, image aesthetics, and low-level visual features to effectively classify the emotion types of different kinds of images, such as abstract paintings and web images. Extensive experiments on both Internet images and abstract paintings demonstrate the proposed method outperforms the state-of-the-art methods using deep features or hand-crafted features. The proposed approach also outperforms the state-of-the-art methods with at least 6% performance improvement in terms of overall classification accuracy.

Rasekh, H & McCarthy, TJ 2016, 'DELIVERING SUSTAINABLE BUILDING PROJECTS – CHALLENGES, REALITY AND SUCCESS', Journal of Green Building, vol. 11, no. 3, pp. 143-161.
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This research concerns the delivery of sustainable building projects. These projects are defined as those which either attempt to achieve green ratings or are claimed to address certain sustainability issues. A key focus is to examine how the client's vision for sustainability is achieved or compromised by the practicality of construction. Two sustainability rating systems, the Australian Green Star and the Living Building Challenge from the U.S. are discussed. This research examines two projects; one university multipurpose building (SMART Infrastructure Facility); and an advanced research facility, the Sustainable Buildings Research Centre (SBRC). The methodology used is semi-structured interviews of key participants and stakeholders for the two university building. The outcome of this research indicates that environmental rating systems are useful tools to construct reasonably sustainable buildings. Many interviewees, however, believe that for their next projects the concern would be to continue to construct sustainable buildings but not necessarily by following the strict criteria and reporting requirements of the environmental rating system.

Rashed, MM, Kalam, MA, Masjuki, HH, Habibullah, M, Imdadul, HK, Shahin, MM & Rahman, MM 2016, 'Improving oxidation stability and NOX reduction of biodiesel blends using aromatic and synthetic antioxidant in a light duty diesel engine', Industrial Crops and Products, vol. 89, pp. 273-284.
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Rashed, MM, Kalam, MA, Masjuki, HH, Mofijur, M, Rasul, MG & Zulkifli, NWM 2016, 'Performance and emission characteristics of a diesel engine fueled with palm, jatropha, and moringa oil methyl ester', Industrial Crops and Products, vol. 79, pp. 70-76.
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Rashed, MM, Masjuki, HH, Kalam, MA, Alabdulkarem, A, Rahman, MM, Imdadul, HK & Rashedul, HK 2016, 'Study of the oxidation stability and exhaust emission analysis of Moringa olifera biodiesel in a multi-cylinder diesel engine with aromatic amine antioxidants', Renewable Energy, vol. 94, pp. 294-303.
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Remenyi, J, Bajan, S, Fuller-Pace, FV, Arthur, JSC & Hutvagner, G 2016, 'The loop structure and the RNA helicase p72/DDX17 influence the processing efficiency of the mice miR-132', Scientific Reports, vol. 6, no. 1.
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AbstractmiRNAs are small RNAs that are key regulators of gene expression in eukaryotic organisms. The processing of miRNAs is regulated by structural characteristics of the RNA and is also tightly controlled by auxiliary protein factors. Among them, RNA binding proteins play crucial roles to facilitate or inhibit miRNA maturation and can be controlled in a cell, tissue and species-specific manners or in response to environmental stimuli. In this study we dissect the molecular mechanism that promotes the overexpression of miR-132 in mice over its related, co-transcribed and co-regulated miRNA, miR-212. We have shown that the loop structure of miR-132 is a key determinant for its efficient processing in cells. We have also identified a range of RNA binding proteins that recognize the loop of miR-132 and influence both miR-132 and miR-212 processing. The DEAD box helicase p72/DDX17 was identified as a factor that facilitates the specific processing of miR-132.

Ren, JM, Ishitake, K, Satoh, K, Blencowe, A, Fu, Q, Wong, EHH, Kamigaito, M & Qiao, GG 2016, 'Stereoregular High-Density Bottlebrush Polymer and Its Organic Nanocrystal Stereocomplex through Triple-Helix Formation', Macromolecules, vol. 49, no. 3, pp. 788-795.
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Ren, JM, McKenzie, TG, Fu, Q, Wong, EHH, Xu, J, An, Z, Shanmugam, S, Davis, TP, Boyer, C & Qiao, GG 2016, 'Star Polymers', Chemical Reviews, vol. 116, no. 12, pp. 6743-6836.
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Riazi, H, Mesgari, S, Ahmed, NA & Taylor, RA 2016, 'The effect of nanoparticle morphology on the specific heat of nanosalts', International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, vol. 94, pp. 254-261.
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Enhancing the specific heat capacity of molten salts by nanoparticle dispersion has emerged as a means to reduce the capital costs of thermal storage for concentrating solar thermal power plants, enabling cheaper solar electricity. Although several studies have shown near 30% enhancement in the specific heat of nanosalts other studies have reported a decrease of similar magnitude. In order to explain discrepancies reported in the literature, this study investigates the influence of various nanoparticle morphologies and preparation methods on the specific heat of nanosalts, which has not been systematically explored. To date, the extent of initial dispersion and the dispersion stability have only been reported on an ad-hoc basis in the literature. In the present study surface chemistry and sonication energy are controlled independently during preparation. By controlling both of these factors, the change of specific heat in nanosalts, results of this study present achieving up to 18% enhancement in specific heat of nanosalts by preparing an optimal nanosalt with distinctive nanoparticles.

Richmond, J, Robbins, A, Evans, K, Beck, D, Kurmasheva, RT, Billups, CA, Carol, H, Heatley, S, Sutton, R, Marshall, GM, White, D, Pimanda, J, Houghton, PJ, Smith, MA & Lock, RB 2016, 'Acute Sensitivity of Ph-like Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia to the SMAC-Mimetic Birinapant', Cancer Research, vol. 76, no. 15, pp. 4579-4591.
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Abstract Ph-like acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is a genetically defined high-risk ALL subtype with a generally poor prognosis. In this study, we evaluated the efficacy of birinapant, a small-molecule mimetic of the apoptotic regulator SMAC, against a diverse set of ALL subtypes. Birinapant exhibited potent and selective cytotoxicity against B-cell precursor ALL (BCP-ALL) cells that were cultured ex vivo or in vivo as patient-derived tumor xenografts (PDX). Cytotoxicity was consistently most acute in Ph-like BCP-ALL. Unbiased gene expression analysis of BCP-ALL PDX specimens identified a 68-gene signature associated with birinapant sensitivity, including an enrichment for genes involved in inflammatory response, hematopoiesis, and cell death pathways. All Ph-like PDXs analyzed clustered within this 68-gene classifier. Mechanistically, birinapant sensitivity was associated with expression of TNF receptor TNFR1 and was abrogated by interfering with the TNFα/TNFR1 interaction. In combination therapy, birinapant enhanced the in vivo efficacy of an induction-type regimen of vincristine, dexamethasone, and L-asparaginase against Ph-like ALL xenografts, offering a preclinical rationale to further evaluate this SMAC mimetic for BCP-ALL treatment. Cancer Res; 76(15); 4579–91. ©2016 AACR.

Rijal, R, Samali, B, Shrestha, R & Crews, K 2016, 'Experimental and analytical study on dynamic performance of timber floor modules (timber beams)', Construction and Building Materials, vol. 122, pp. 391-399.
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Ringbauer, M, Giarmatzi, C, Chaves, R, Costa, F, White, AG & Fedrizzi, A 2016, 'Experimental Test of Nonlocal Causality', Science Advances, vol. 2, p. 8.
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Explaining observations in terms of causes and effects is central to all of empirical science. Correlations between entangled quantum particles, however, seem to defy such an explanation. To recover a causal picture in this case, some of the fundamental assumptions of causal explanations have to give way. Here we consider a broad class of models where one of these assumptions, Bell's local causality, is relaxed by allowing a direct influence from one measurement outcome to the other. We use interventional and observational data from a photonic experiment to bound the strength of this causal influence in a two-party Bell scenario and test a novel Bell-type inequality for the considered models. Our results demonstrate the incompatibility of quantum mechanics with an important class of nonlocal causal models, which includes Bell's original model as a special case. Recovering a classical causal picture of quantum correlations thus requires an even more counter-intuitive modification of our classical notion of cause and effect.

Ripon, SH, Kamal, S, Hossain, S & Dey, N 2016, 'Theoretical Analysis of Different Classifiers under Reduction Rough Data Set', International Journal of Rough Sets and Data Analysis, vol. 3, no. 3, pp. 1-20.
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Rough set plays vital role to overcome the complexities, vagueness, uncertainty, imprecision, and incomplete data during features analysis. Classification is tested on certain dataset that maintain an exact class and review process where key attributes decide the class positions. To assess efficient and automated learning, algorithms are used over training datasets. Generally, classification is supervised learning whereas clustering is unsupervised. Classifications under mathematical models deal with mining rules and machine learning. The Objective of this work is to establish a strong theoretical and manual analysis among three popular classifier namely K-nearest neighbor (K-NN), Naive Bayes and Apriori algorithm. Hybridization with rough sets among these three classifiers enables enable to address larger datasets. Performances of three classifiers have tested in absence and presence of rough sets. This work is in the phase of implementation for DNA (Deoxyribonucleic Acid) datasets and it will design automated system to assess classifier under machine learning environment.

Rizeei, HM, Saharkhiz, MA, Pradhan, B & Ahmad, N 2016, 'Soil erosion prediction based on land cover dynamics at the Semenyih watershed in Malaysia using LTM and USLE models', Geocarto International, vol. 31, no. 10, pp. 1158-1177.
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This study attempts to identify and forecast future land cover (LC) by using the Land Transformation Model (LTM), which considers pixel changes in the past and makes predictions using influential spatial features. LTM applies the Artificial Neural Networks algorithm) in conducting the analysis. In line with these objectives, two satellite images (Spot 5 acquired in 2004 and 2010) were classified using the Maximum Likelihood method for the change detection analysis. Consequently, LC maps from 2004 to 2010 with six classes (forest, agriculture, oil palm cultivations, open area, urban, and water bodies) were generated from the test area. A prediction was made on the actual soil erosion and the soil erosion rate using the Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE) combined with remote sensing and GIS in the Semenyih watershed for 2004 and 2010 and projected to 2016. Actual and potential soil erosion maps from 2004 to 2010 and projected to 2016 were eventually generated. The results of the LC change detections indicated that three major changes were predicted from 2004 to 2016 (a period of 12 years): (1) forest cover and open area significantly decreased at rates of almost 30 and 8 km2, respectively; (2) cultivated land and oil palm have shown an increment in sizes at rates of 25.02 and 5.77 km2, respectively; and, (3) settlement and Urbanization has intensified also by almost 5 km2. Soil erosion risk analysis results also showed that the Semenyih basin exhibited an average annual soil erosion between 143.35 ton ha−1 year−1 in 2004 and 151 in 2010, followed by the expected 162.24 ton ha−1 year−1. These results indicated that Semenyih is prone to water erosion by 2016. The wide range of erosion classes were estimated at a very low level (0–1 t/ha/y