Bode, L, Leslie, LM & Smith, RK 1975, 'A numerical study of boundary effects on concentrated vortices with application to tornadoes and waterspouts', Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, vol. 101, no. 428, pp. 313-324.
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This paper extends the numerical study of the structure and development of a concentrated vortex by Leslie (1971), in which a vortex is simulated by suddenly imposing an upwards body force along a section of the vertical axis of a contained rotating fluid, initially in a state of uniform rotation. Whereas the former paper was concerned primarily with demonstrating the prediction of Morton (1969) that a concentrated vortex may be generated only for a restricted range of the flow parameters, the present paper investigates the important role of boundaries on vortex behaviour. Particular interest is focused on the boundary which is normal to the vortex core and ‘behind’ the body force. On this boundary the surface stress is related to the surface velocity by a drag coefficient CD and experiments are performed in which CD is infinite, unity and zero corresponding with a no‐slip, a partially yielding and a free‐slip boundary respectively. These calculations are motivated by the desire to assess what differences, if any, between tornadoes (which develop over land) and waterspouts (which develop over the sea) can be attributed to the different surface constraint. We also study the effect on a vortex due to an abrupt change in surface condition as this is relevant to the behaviour of a tornado which happens to cross a water surface, or even one which traverses ground with varying roughness characteristics, and conversely to the behaviour of a waterspout which moves over land. It is shown that the strength of the meridional circulation associated with the vortex, and hence the strength of the upflow in the vortex itself, are increasing functions of the surface stress. On the other hand, the azimuthal kinetic energy, and in particular the strength of the vortex as measured by the maximum swirling velocity attained, decreases as the surface stress increases. Moreover, if the drag coefficient is suddenly increased, the meridional circulation increases, the azimuthal...
Bode, L, Leslie, LM & Smith, RK 1975, 'A numerical study of boundary effects on concentrated vortices with application to tornadoes and waterspouts', Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, vol. 101, no. 428, pp. 313-324.
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AbstractThis paper extends the numerical study of the structure and development of a concentrated vortex by Leslie (1971), in which a vortex is simulated by suddenly imposing an upwards body force along a section of the vertical axis of a contained rotating fluid, initially in a state of uniform rotation. Whereas the former paper was concerned primarily with demonstrating the prediction of Morton (1969) that a concentrated vortex may be generated only for a restricted range of the flow parameters, the present paper investigates the important role of boundaries on vortex behaviour.Particular interest is focused on the boundary which is normal to the vortex core and ‘behind’ the body force. On this boundary the surface stress is related to the surface velocity by a drag coefficient CD and experiments are performed in which CD is infinite, unity and zero corresponding with a no‐slip, a partially yielding and a free‐slip boundary respectively. These calculations are motivated by the desire to assess what differences, if any, between tornadoes (which develop over land) and waterspouts (which develop over the sea) can be attributed to the different surface constraint. We also study the effect on a vortex due to an abrupt change in surface condition as this is relevant to the behaviour of a tornado which happens to cross a water surface, or even one which traverses ground with varying roughness characteristics, and conversely to the behaviour of a waterspout which moves over land.It is shown that the strength of the meridional circulation associated with the vortex, and hence the strength of the upflow in the vortex itself, are increasing functions of the surface stress. On the other hand, the azimuthal kinetic energy, and in particular the strength of the ...
Carroll, RJ 1975, 'Density estimation at unknown points and tail ordering', Communications in Statistics, vol. 4, no. 6, pp. 565-574.
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DENNIS, ES & PEACOCK, WJ 1975, 'MITOCHONDRIAL-DNA FROM SIBLING SPECIES DROSOPHILA-MELANOGASTER AND DROSOPHILA-SIMULANS', PROCEEDINGS OF THE AUSTRALIAN BIOCHEMICAL SOCIETY, vol. 8, pp. 85-85.
Leitch, EC 1975, 'Part 3. Present plate boundary and its evolution in the New Zealand region: Mesozoic-middle tertiary tectonic development of Northern New Zealand', Exploration Geophysics, vol. 6, no. 2-3, pp. 56-58.
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LEITCH, EC 1975, 'Plate Tectonic Interpretation of the Paleozoic History of the New England Fold Belt', Geological Society of America Bulletin, vol. 86, no. 1, pp. 141-141.
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Major middle-upper Paleozoic paleogeographic elements in both the northern and southern parts of the New England Fold Belt comprise a western volcanic chain, a fore-chain basin, and an eastern nonvolcanic arc-platform-trench complex. These elements developed above a west-dipping subduction zone. Temporary halts in subduction led to minor deformational episodes. During the Late Devonian period, the northern part of the belt was displaced eastward by movement on the west-northwest-striking Tenterfield Fault. Behind the displaced arc immediately north of the fault, an intra-arc basin developed. This was largely filled by sediment during the Carboniferous and was deformed at about the end of the Carboniferous period by reversal of movement on the fault. Subduction ceased throughout the belt in Early Permian time and was followed by major orogenesis. At a late stage in deformation, right-lateral movement on the Demon Fault displaced certain of the paleogeographic elements. © 1975 Geological Society of America.
Leitch, EC 1975, 'Zonation of low grade regional metamorphic rocks, Nambucca slate belt, northeastern New South Wales', Journal of the Geological Society of Australia, vol. 22, no. 4, pp. 413-422.
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Crystallization of stilpnomelane and pumpellyite, disappearance of prehnite and development of assemblages containing the pair pumpellyite-actinolite, and disappearance of pumpellyite, define isograds separating four zones of progressive regional metamorphism in the Nambucca Slate Belt of northeastern New South Wales. Mineralogical changes are paralleled by textural changes in metaclastic rocks. Detrital grains are progressively modified, a preferred orientation of material becomes increasingly perfected, and a foliation develops as grade increases. The most important secondary phases are albite, white mica, chlorite, stilpnomelane, actinolite, pumpellyite, prehnite, epidote, clinozoisite, and calcite. White mica shows an increase in 'crystallinity' with grade, chlorite becomes more aluminous, and the ferric iron content of epidote-group minerals decreases. In metabasic rocks hydration reactions involving the anorthite component of plagioclase and calcium-poor pyroxene (or olivine) probably led to the formation of prehnite, pumpellyite, and chlorite. At higher grades prehnite possibly reacted with chlorite or calcic pyroxene, and pumpellyite may have disappeared by reaction with the 'greenalite molecule' of chlorite, yielding actinolite, clinozoisite, and a more aluminous chlorite. The rocks belong in the prehnite-pumpellyite, pumpellyite-actinolite, and green-schist facies; an intermediate facies series is indicated. Comparisons with experimental work suggests that a temperature of about 360-370°C and pressures in the range 4 to 7 kilobars (depending on the geothermal gradient) were operative at the pumpellyite-actinolite /greenschist boundary. Copyright. © 1975 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.
MILTHORPE, BK, JEFFREY, PD & NICHOL, LW 1975, 'DIRECT ANALYSIS OF SEDIMENTATION EQUILIBRIUM RESULTS OBTAINED WITH POLYMERIZING SYSTEMS', BIOPHYSICAL CHEMISTRY, vol. 3, no. 2, pp. 169-176.
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Theory is presented in relation to sedimentation equilibrium results obtained with polymerizing systems, which permits evaluation of the activity of the monomer as a function of total weight concentration. In contrast to established methods, the suggested procedure does not involve the solution of simultaneous equations which are sums of exponentials or the determination of weight-average molecular weights. A major advantage of the method is that it avoids errors inherent in differentiation and integration steps. An extrapolation to infinite dilution is involved, but this is to a defined limit and is uncomplicated by the existence of critical points in the relevant plot. The method is capable of detecting possible volume changes inherent on polymer formation, of treating systems where activity coefficients of solute species are functions of total concentration and of describing the system in terms of relevant equilibrium constants. These points and comparisons with existing methods of analysis are illustrated with numerical examples and with results obtained with lysozyme at pH 6.7. The lysozyme results are interpretable in terms of either a non-ideal monomer-dimer system or a monomer-dimer-trimer system
PRICE, MA, ANDERS, EM, ANDERS, RF, RUSSELL, DA & DENNIS, ES 1975, 'CELL-MEDIATED IMMUNOLOGICAL STATUS OF HEALTHY MEMBERS OF FAMILIES WITH A HISTORY OF LEPROSY', INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF LEPROSY AND OTHER MYCOBACTERIAL DISEASES, vol. 43, no. 4, pp. 307-313.
Smith, RK, Morton, BR & Leslie, LM 1975, 'The role of dynamic pressure in generating fire wind', Journal of Fluid Mechanics, vol. 68, no. 01, pp. 1-1.
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