AXIAK, SM, KRISHNAMOORTHY, L, GUINAN, J & RAISON, RL 1987, 'QUANTITATION OF FREE-KAPPA-LIGHT CHAINS IN SERUM AND URINE USING A MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODY BASED INHIBITION ENZYME-LINKED IMMUNOASSAY', JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGICAL METHODS, vol. 99, no. 1, pp. 141-147.
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Batley, M, Redmond, JW, Djordjevic, SP & Rolfe, BG 1987, 'Characterisation of glycerophosphorylated cyclic β-1,2-glucans from a fast-growing Rhizobium species', Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Biomembranes, vol. 901, no. 1, pp. 119-126.
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BOOTH, DJ 1987, 'EFFECT OF GROUP-SIZE ON POPULATION-DYNAMICS OF JUVENILE DOMINO DAMSELFISH (DASCYLLUS-ALBISELLA)', AMERICAN ZOOLOGIST, vol. 27, no. 4, pp. A122-A122.
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Borowitzka, MA & Larkum, AWD 1987, 'Calcification in algae: Mechanisms and the role of metabolism', Critical Reviews in Plant Sciences, vol. 6, no. 1, pp. 1-45.
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BREHMER, L, PLATEN, E, FANTER, D & LIEMANT, A 1987, 'A STOCHASTIC DESCRIPTION OF THE NONEQUILIBRIUM CHARGE-CARRIER TRANSPORT PROCESS IN POLYMER INSULATORS', IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ELECTRICAL INSULATION, vol. 22, no. 3, pp. 245-248.
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BREHMER, L, PLATEN, E, RICHTER, K, FANTER, D & LIEMANT, A 1987, 'ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE AND STOCHASTIC HOPPING TRANSPORT IN POLYMER INSULATORS', ACTA POLYMERICA, vol. 38, no. 6, pp. 374-377.
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BUYSE, M & RYAN, LM 1987, 'ISSUES OF EFFICIENCY IN COMBINING PROPORTIONS OF DEATHS FROM SEVERAL CLINICAL-TRIALS', STATISTICS IN MEDICINE, vol. 6, no. 5, pp. 565-576.
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The Mantel–Haenszel test provides a straightforward method to combine results from several clinical trials when only summary information, such as the proportion of deaths, is available for each trial. More efficient tests, such as the stratified logrank test, should be used if the survival and censoring times are known for all individuals, but in practice, the cost and effort of obtaining this information may be prohibitive. The purpose of this paper is to derive a general expression for the asymptotic relative efficiency (ARE) of the Mantel–Haenszel test with respect to the stratified logrank test, and to compute the ARE in situations which are likely to be of practical interest. The results show that under realistic assumptions about the survival distribution, losses to follow‐up and duration of accrual, the ARE frequently exceeds 80 per cent. An example is given to show the usefulness of the approach when combining proportions of deaths from several cancer clinical trials. Copyright © 1987 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Carroll, RJ & Hardle, W 1987, 'Symmetrized Nearest Neighbor Regression Estimates.'.
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Carroll, RJ & Ruppert, D 1987, 'Diagnostics and Robust Estimation When Transforming the Regression Model and the Response', Technometrics, vol. 29, no. 3, pp. 287-299.
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In regression analysis, the response is often transformed to remove heteroscedasticity and/or skewness. When a model already exists for the untransformed response, then it can be preserved by applying the same transform to both the model and the response. This methodology, which we call “transform both sides,” has been applied in several recent papers and appears highly useful in practice. When a parametric transformation family such as the power transformations is used, then the transformation can be estimated by maximum likelihood. The maximum likelihood estimator, however, is very sensitive to outliers. In this article, we propose diagnostics to indicate cases influential for the transformation or regression parameters. We also propose a robust bounded-influence estimator similar to the Krasker-Welsch regression estimator: © 1987 Taylor and Francis Group, LLC.
CNAAN, A & RYAN, L 1987, 'ANALYZING SURVIVAL FROM INITIAL DIAGNOSIS', CONTROLLED CLINICAL TRIALS, vol. 8, no. 3, pp. 283-283.
Cole, L, Coleman, JOD, Evans, DE, Hawes, CR & Horsley, D 1987, 'Antibodies to brain clathrin recognise plant coated vesicles', Plant Cell Reports, vol. 6, no. 3, pp. 227-230.
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Coleman, J, Evans, D, Hawes, C, Horsley, D & Cole, L 1987, 'Structure and molecular organization of higher plant coated vesicles', Journal of Cell Science, vol. 88, no. 1, pp. 35-45.
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ABSTRACT Suspension-cultured cells of carrot contain three populations of coated vesicles, associated with the plasma membrane (84–91 nm diameter), Golgi dictyosomes and the partially coated reticulum (61–73 nm diameter). These were observed by thin sectioning, dry-cleaving and rapid-freeze deep-etching of cells. Dissociation of clathrin coats with Tris, released triskelions that were morphologically identical with those from mammalian tissue. The triskelion arm length of carrot clathrin was greater (61 nm versus 44–50 nm), but packaging results in clathrin cages of pentagons and hexagons of similar size to those from mammalian cells. SDS—PAGE of Tris-released triskelion preparations revealed a complex of three polypeptides of 190, 60 and 57(× −)Mr. The 190× 103Mr protein is the plant clathrin heavy chain, slightly larger than the mammalian heavy chain. The 60 and 57(× 103) Mr bands showed the same sensitivities to protease treatment as mammalian light chains. Triskelion preparations containing these three proteins reassembled into polyhedral cages. These results are discussed in relation to the structural organization of coated vesicles and clathrin cages in other systems.
Davidian, M & Carroll, RJ 1987, 'Variance Function Estimation', Journal of the American Statistical Association, vol. 82, no. 400, pp. 1079-1091.
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Heteroscedastic regression models are used in fields including economics, engineering, and the biological and physical sciences. Often, the heteroscedasticity is modeled as a function of the covariates or the regression and other structural parameters. Standard asymptotic theory implies that how one estimates the variance function, in particular the structural parameters, has no effect on the first-order properties of the regression parameter estimates; there is evidence, however, both in practice and higher-order theory to suggest that how one estimates the variance function does matter. Further, in some settings, estimation of the variance function is of independent interest or plays an important role in estimation of other quantities. In this article, we study variance function estimation in a unified way, focusing on common methods proposed in the statistical and other literature, to make both general observations and compare different estimation schemes. We show that there are significant differences in both efficiency and robustness for many common methods. We develop a general theory for variance function estimation, focusing on estimation of the structural parameters and including most methods in common use in our development. The general qualitative conclusions are these. First, most variance function estimation procedures can be looked upon as regressions with “responses” being transformations of absolute residuals from a preliminary fit or sample standard deviations from replicates at a design point. Our conclusion is that the former is typically more efficient, but not uniformly so. Second, for variance function estimates based on transformations of absolute residuals, we show that efficiency is a monotone function of the efficiency of the fit from which the residuals are formed, at least for symmetric errors. Our conclusion is that one should iterate so that residuals are based on generalized least squares. Finally, robustness issues are of even more...
DENNIS, ES, BRETTELL, RIS & PEACOCK, WJ 1987, 'A TISSUE-CULTURE INDUCED ADH1 NULL MUTANT OF MAIZE RESULTS FROM A SINGLE BASE CHANGE', MOLECULAR & GENERAL GENETICS, vol. 210, no. 1, pp. 181-183.
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Djordjevic, SP, Chen, H, Batley, M, Redmond, JW & Rolfe, BG 1987, 'Nitrogen fixation ability of exopolysaccharide synthesis mutants of Rhizobium sp. strain NGR234 and Rhizobium trifolii is restored by the addition of homologous exopolysaccharides', Journal of Bacteriology, vol. 169, no. 1, pp. 53-60.
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Several transposon Tn5-induced mutants of the broad-host-range Rhizobium sp. strain NGR234 produce little or no detectable acidic exopolysaccharide (EPS) and are unable to induce nitrogen-fixing nodules on Leucaena leucocephala var. Peru or siratro plants. The ability of these Exo- mutants to induce functioning nodules on Leucaena plants was restored by coinoculation with a Sym plasmid-cured (Nod- Exo+) derivative of parent strain NGR234, purified EPS from the parent strain, or the oligosaccharide from the EPS. Coinoculation with EPS or related oligosaccharide also resulted in formation of nitrogen-fixing nodules on siratro plants. In addition, an Exo- mutant (ANU437) of Rhizobium trifolii ANU794 was able to form nitrogen-fixing nodules on white clover in the presence of added EPS or related oligosaccharide from R. trifolii ANU843. These results demonstrate that the absence of Rhizobium EPSs can result in failure of effective symbiosis with both temperate and subtropical legumes.
EAMUS, D 1987, 'INFLUENCE OF PRECONDITIONING UPON THE CHANGES IN LEAF CONDUCTANCE AND LEAF WATER POTENTIAL OF SOYBEAN, INDUCED BY CHILLING, WATER-STRESS AND ABSCISIC-ACID', AUSTRALIAN JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY, vol. 14, no. 3, pp. 331-339.
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EAMUS, D 1987, 'STOMATAL BEHAVIOR AND LEAF WATER POTENTIAL OF CHILLED AND WATER-STRESSED SOLANUM-MELONGENA, AS INFLUENCED BY GROWTH HISTORY', PLANT CELL AND ENVIRONMENT, vol. 10, no. 8, pp. 649-654.
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Leaf diffusion resistance and leaf water potential of intact Solanum melongena plants were measured during a period of chilling at 6 °C. Two pretreatments, consisting of a period of water stress or a foliar spraying of abscisic acid (ABA), were imposed upon the plants prior to chilling. The control plants did not receive a pretreatment. In addition to intact plant studies, stomatal responses to water loss and exogenous abscisic acid were investigated using excised leaves, and the influence of the pretreatment observed. Chilled, control plants wilted slowly and maintained open stomata despite a decline in leaf water potential to 2.2 MPa after 2 d of chilling. In contrast plants that had been water stressed or had been sprayed with abscisic acid, prior to chilling, did not wilt and maintained a higher leaf water potential and a greater leaf diffusion resistance. In plants that had not received a pretreatment, abscisic acid caused stomatal closure at 35 °C, but at 6°C it did not influence stomatal aperture. The two pretreatments greatly increased stomatal sensitivity to both exogenous ABA and water stress, at both temperatures. Stomatal response to water loss from excised leaves was greatly reduced at 6°C. These results are discussed in relation to low temperature effects on stomata and the influence of preconditioning upon plant water relations.
ELLIS, JG, LLEWELLYN, DJ, DENNIS, ES & PEACOCK, WJ 1987, 'MAIZE ADH-1 PROMOTER SEQUENCES CONTROL ANAEROBIC REGULATION - ADDITION OF UPSTREAM PROMOTER ELEMENTS FROM CONSTITUTIVE GENES IS NECESSARY FOR EXPRESSION IN TOBACCO', EMBO JOURNAL, vol. 6, no. 1, pp. 11-16.
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ELLIS, JG, LLEWELLYN, DJ, WALKER, JC, DENNIS, ES & PEACOCK, WJ 1987, 'THE OCS ELEMENT - A 16 BASE PAIR PALINDROME ESSENTIAL FOR ACTIVITY OF THE OCTOPINE SYNTHASE ENHANCER', EMBO JOURNAL, vol. 6, no. 11, pp. 3203-3208.
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Evan C. Leitch, Peter.A. Cawood (2) 1987, 'Provenance Determination of Volcaniclastic Rocks: the Nature and Tectonic Significance of a Cambrian Conglomerate from the New England Fold Belt, Eastern Australia', SEPM Journal of Sedimentary Research, vol. Vol. 57, no. 4, pp. 630-638.
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The Murrawong Creek and Pipeclay Creek Formations provide one of the few records of Middle Cambrian-(?) Early Ordovician sedimentation along the eastern Gondwana margin.-from Authors
FALKSON, G, RYAN, LM, JOHNSON, LA, SIMSON, IW, COETZER, BJ, CARBONE, PP, CREECH, RH & SCHUTT, AJ 1987, 'A RANDOM PHASE-II STUDY OF MITOXANTRONE AND CISPLATIN IN PATIENTS WITH HEPATOCELLULAR-CARCINOMA - AN ECOG STUDY', CANCER, vol. 60, no. 9, pp. 2141-2145.
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Of 86 patients entered in an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) random Phase II study of mitoxantrone (DHAD) and cisplatin (DDP) in primary liver cancer, 69 were eligible. Nine of the 13 ineligible patients were excluded after a pathology review. Sixty‐one percent of the patients were North American, and 39% were South African. The most common severe or the worst toxicity on DHAD was hematologic; and to DDP, hematologic and vomiting. Of the 69 eligible patients, 21 experienced severe, life‐threatening or fatal toxic reactions. Two patients treated with DDP had partial responses. With a 95% confidence interval, the true response rate to DHAD was less than 8%, and to DDP, less than 17%. The median survival time was 14 weeks on both drugs. Assuming a proportional hazards model, factors that are significantly associated with survival are patient performance status, the presence of the symptoms, raised bilirubin and hepatomegaly, and clinical evidence of cirrhosis. Any differences between survival rates for South African and North American patients were largely explainable by these factors. Copyright © 1987 American Cancer Society
FINKELSTEIN, DM & RYAN, LM 1987, 'ESTIMATING CARCINOGENIC POTENCY FROM A RODENT TUMORIGENICITY EXPERIMENT', APPLIED STATISTICS-JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL STATISTICAL SOCIETY SERIES C, vol. 36, no. 2, pp. 121-133.
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Rodent tumorigenicity experiments are conducted to determine whether a particular substance accelerates tumour development. The association between exposure to this substance and the risk of tumour development can be characterized by a measure of carcinogenic potency. The most commonly used potency measure, the dose effect on the lifetime risk of tumour, may be seriously biased, especially when control and exposed groups differ with respect to longevity. However, more appropriate measures, which account for age at death, are largely unavailable except in the special cases of instantly lethal or nonlethal tumours or tumours with observable onset. In this paper, we propose an estimate of carcinogenic potency based on a proportonal prevalence odds model which applies regardless of tumour lethality and can be calculated using standard statistical methodologies. Furthermore, we show how our estimator can be used to generalize available potency estimators to tumours of any lethalit
FORD, MJ, FORREST, LF, PEJCEV, V, SMITH, D, SOKHI, RS & ROSS, KJ 1987, 'AN EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION OF THE EJECTED-ELECTRON SPECTRA ARISING FROM AUTOIONIZING AND AUGER TRANSITIONS IN EU-I AND EU-II EXCITED BY ELECTRON-IMPACT FOR THE RANGE OF INCIDENT-ELECTRON ENERGIES FROM 20 TO 500 EV', JOURNAL OF PHYSICS B-ATOMIC MOLECULAR AND OPTICAL PHYSICS, vol. 20, no. 16, pp. 4241-4253.
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Fraedrich, K & Leslie, LM 1987, 'Combining Predictive Schemes in Short-Term Forecasting', Monthly Weather Review, vol. 115, no. 8, pp. 1640-1644.
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Fraedrich, K & Leslie, LM 1987, 'Evaluation of Techniques for the Operational, Single Station, Short-Term Forecasting of Rainfall at a Midlatitude Station (Melbourne)', Monthly Weather Review, vol. 115, no. 8, pp. 1645-1654.
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GERLACH, WL, DENNIS, ES, PEACOCK, WJ & CLEGG, MT 1987, 'THE DS1 CONTROLLING ELEMENT FAMILY IN MAIZE AND TRIPSACUM', JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR EVOLUTION, vol. 26, no. 4, pp. 329-334.
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Gidley‐Baird, AA, O'Neill, C & Sinosich, MJ 1987, 'Failure of implantation in human in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer patients: The effects of altered progesterone/ estrogen ratios in humans and mice', International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics, vol. 25, no. 3, pp. 262-262.
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Gladstone, W 1987, 'Role of female territoriality in social and mating systems of Canthigaster valentini (Pisces: Tetraodontidae): evidence from field experiments', Marine Biology, vol. 96, no. 2, pp. 185-191.
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Sharpnose puffers, Canthigaster valentini (Pisces: Tetraodontidae) at Lizard Island, Australia, live in made-dominated haremic social and mating systems. The hypothesis was that mature females are restricted in their movements and can be monopolized by some males. Field experiments at Lizard Island, Great Barrier Reef, between January and March 1983 showed that mature females were still territorial in the absence of males and movements of females were not controlled by males. Males abandoned their territories when their females were removed. The territorial behavior of those males with access to females (territorial males) restricted the access of other males (bachelor males) to them. Bachelor males took over harems and became territorial males when established territorial males were removed. The results of the experiments thus supported the hypothesis.
Gladstone, W 1987, 'The courtship and spawning behaviors of Cunthigaster valentini (Tetraodontidae)', Environmental Biology Of Fishes, vol. 20, pp. 225-261.
Gladstone, W 1987, 'The courtship and spawning behaviors ofCanthigaster valentini (Tetraodontidae)', Environmental Biology of Fishes, vol. 20, no. 4, pp. 255-261.
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Gladstone, W 1987, 'The eggs and larvae of the sharpnose pufferfish Canthigaster valentini (Pisces Tetraodontidae) are unpalatable to other reef fishes', Copeia, vol. 1987, pp. 227-230.
Gladstone, W, Webster, IW & Rotem, A 1987, 'An initiative for teaching about alcohol and other drugs in Australian medical schools', Medical Journal of Australia, vol. 147, no. 7, pp. 339-341.
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HELLER, EJ, REIMERS, JR & DROLSHAGEN, G 1987, 'CLASSICAL AND SEMICLASSICAL APPROXIMATIONS FOR INCOHERENT NEUTRON-SCATTERING', PHYSICAL REVIEW A, vol. 36, no. 6, pp. 2613-2627.
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Hogg, PJ & Winzor, DJ 1987, 'Further probes into quantitative aspects of competitive binding assays: Allowance for effects of antigen multivalency in immunoassays', Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics, vol. 254, no. 1, pp. 92-101.
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Hogg, PJ & Winzor, DJ 1987, 'Studies of lectin-carbohydrate interactions by quantitative affinity chromatography: Systems with galactose and ovalbumin as saccharidic ligand', Analytical Biochemistry, vol. 163, no. 2, pp. 331-338.
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Hogg, PJ, Johnston, SC, Bowles, MR, Pond, SM & Winzor, DJ 1987, 'Evaluation of equilibrium constants for antigen-antibody interactions by solid-phase immunoassay: The binding of paraquat to its elicited mouse monoclonal antibody', Molecular Immunology, vol. 24, no. 7, pp. 797-801.
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Hogg, PJ, Reilly, PEB & Winzor, DJ 1987, 'Consequences of ligand bivalency in interactions involving particulate receptors: equilibrium and kinetic studies with Sephadex-concanavalin A, butylagarose-phosphorylase b, and Fc receptor-IgG dimer interactions as model systems', Biochemistry, vol. 26, no. 7, pp. 1867-1873.
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Holland, GJ, Lynch, AH & Leslie, LM 1987, 'Australian East-Coast Cyclones. Part I: Synoptic Overview and Case Study', Monthly Weather Review, vol. 115, no. 12, pp. 3024-3036.
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HOWARD, EA, WALKER, JC, DENNIS, ES & PEACOCK, WJ 1987, 'REGULATED EXPRESSION OF AN ALCOHOL DEHYDROGENASE-1 CHIMERIC GENE INTRODUCED INTO MAIZE PROTOPLASTS', PLANTA, vol. 170, no. 4, pp. 535-540.
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HUETE, AR 1987, 'SOIL AND SUN ANGLE INTERACTIONS ON PARTIAL CANOPY SPECTRA', INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF REMOTE SENSING, vol. 8, no. 9, pp. 1307-1317.
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The spectral behaviour of an incomplete cotton canopy was analysed in relation to solar zenith angle and soil background variations. Soil and vegetation spectral contributions towards canopy response were separated using a first-order interactive model and consequently used to compare the relative sensitivity of canopy spectra to soil background and solar angle differences. Canopy reflectance behaviour with solar angle increased, decreased or remained invariant depending on the reflectance properties of the underlying soil. Sunlit and shaded soil contributions were found to alter vegetation index behaviour significantly over different Sun angles. © 1987 Taylor & Francis Ltd.
HUETE, AR 1987, 'SOIL-DEPENDENT SPECTRAL RESPONSE IN A DEVELOPING PLANT CANOPY', AGRONOMY JOURNAL, vol. 79, no. 1, pp. 61-68.
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HUETE, AR & JACKSON, RD 1987, 'SUITABILITY OF SPECTRAL INDEXES FOR EVALUATING VEGETATION CHARACTERISTICS ON ARID RANGELANDS', REMOTE SENSING OF ENVIRONMENT, vol. 23, no. 2, pp. 213-&.
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The spectral behavior of an arid, Lehmann lovegrass (Eragrostis lehmanniana), range canopy with varying quantities of live, green grass, senesced, yellow grass, weathered, gray litter, and different soil backgrounds was analyzed with a ground based radiometer. The analysis included rangeland field plots and artificial mixtures of live and dead grass. Senesced grass and weathered litter were found to significantly alter the spectral response of the range canopy in the first four Thematic Mapper wavebands (0.45-0.52; 0.52-0.60; 0.63-0.69; 0.76-0.90 μm). These influences seriously hampered the utility of spectral vegetation indices in assessing green phytomass levels. Gray litter lowered the response of the green vegetation index (GVI) and perpendicular vegetation index (PVI) while minimally influencing the ratio vegetation index (RVI) and the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI). Yellow, senesced grass increased the greenness response of plots without green vegetation and decreased the greenness response of plots with green vegetation. Higher reflecting soils increased the GVI and PVI response and decreased the RVI and NDVI response of comparable range canopy mixtures. Small amounts of 30 cm tall, green grass (750 kg/ha) could not be detected within a 75 cm tall, senesced grass stand (5000 kg/ha). The results of this study show spectral vegetation indices to be unreliable measures of green phytomass in arid rangelands. A mixture model employing principal component analysis was used to extract a green vegetation signal, but green phytomass detection was not improved. Apparently, the green vegetation signal emerging from range canopies is diminished by the scattering influences of the vertically oriented elements of the senesced grass phytomass. © 1987.
Jackson, CM, Brenckle, GM, Hogg, PJ & Winzor, DJ 1987, 'Evidence for self-association of prothrombin fragment 1 in the absence of calcium ions. Implications for the interpretation of cooperativity of calcium binding.', Journal of Biological Chemistry, vol. 262, no. 28, pp. 13472-13475.
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Kane, E, McCabe, B & O'Brien, B 1987, 'Professional affiliations.', Nurs Adm Q, vol. 11, no. 4, pp. 33-34.
Knipe, DM, Senechek, D, Rice, SA & Smith, JL 1987, 'Stages in the nuclear association of the herpes simplex virus transcriptional activator protein ICP4', Journal of Virology, vol. 61, no. 2, pp. 276-284.
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The nuclear localization of the herpes simplex virus transcriptional activator protein ICP4 was studied by indirect immunofluorescence. At early times after viral infection, ICP4 quickly localized to a diffuse intranuclear distribution. ICP4 later concentrated in globular compartments within the nucleus. The redistribution to the compartments was dependent on viral DNA replication. Double staining for ICP4 and ICP8, the early major DNA-binding protein, revealed that both were found in the same intranuclear globular compartments at late times. These were previously named 'replication compartments' (M. P. Quinlan, L. B. Chen, and D. M. Knipe, Cell 36:857-868, 1984). Because ICP4 and ICP8 are known to function in transcriptional activation and DNA replication, respectively, both DNA replication and late transcription may occur in these compartments. The association of ICP4 and ICP8 with the replication compartments appeared to be independent in that the retention of ICP8 in the compartments required ongoing viral DNA synthesis, while the association of ICP4 was independent of viral DNA synthesis once the compartments were formed. Because ICP4 shows a different distribution at early and late times, stimulation of transcription by ICP4 may involve different molecular events or contacts during these two periods of the replicative cycle.
Kohel, RJ & Benedict, CR 1987, 'Growth Analysis of Cottons with Differing Maturities1', Agronomy Journal, vol. 79, no. 1, pp. 31-34.
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AbstractField and greenhouse experiments were conducted on cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) lines with differing maturities to determine what factors of plant growth contributed to early crop maturity and how these factors were related. Earliness was measured in terms of flowering, boll setting, length of boll maturation, and crop maturity. Additional measurements included plant growth and dry weight partitioning, productivity, and agronomic performance. Plant maturity was determined by time of flowering and length of boll maturation. Lines with the earliest crop maturities produced the lowest yields per plant. Performance of individual early maturing lines, such as 6 M, with improved agronomic properties, demonstrated the ability to increase early crop maturity with improved yield.
Koop, K & Larkum, AWD 1987, 'Deposition of organic material in a coral reef lagoon, One Tree Island, Great Barrier Reef', Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science, vol. 25, no. 1, pp. 1-9.
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Deposition of organic material was measured at four sites on One Tree Island coral reef using fixed sediment traps. Although no reliable data were obtained for the reef crest area because of problems of resuspension, mean deposition in the backreef area amounted to some 4 g organic C m-2 day-1 whereas in the lagoon it was about 1·5 g C m-2 day-1. This amounted to mean nitrogen deposition rates of 160 and 95 mg N m-2 day-1, respectively. As primary production by turf algae, the principal producers at One Tree Island, has been estimated at about 2·3 g C m-2 day-1 for the whole reef system and the weighted mean carbon deposition is estimated at 2·2 g C m-2 day-1, it is clear that the carbon produced by plants is largely retained in the system. Nitrogen deposition, on the other hand, amounted to only about 60% of that produced by turf algae and it must be assumed that much of this leached into the water during sedimentation. Losses of nitrogen may be minimized by incorporation of dissolved nitrogen by pelagic microheterotrophs which may in turn be consumed by filter feeders before they leave the reef. © 1987.
Larkum, AWD, Cox, GC, Hiller, RG, Parry, DL & Dibbayawan, TP 1987, 'Filamentous cyanophytes containing phycourobilin and in symbiosis with sponges and an ascidian of coral reefs', Marine Biology, vol. 95, no. 1, pp. 1-13.
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A study was made of the ultrastructure and pigment composition of filamentous cyanophytes living in symbiosis with several sponges and a colonial didemnid ascidian collected from the southern end of the Great Barrier Reef, Australia, between 1983 and 1986. The sponges were Dysidea herbacea Keller and several other encrusting sponges which have not been identified; the ascidian was Trididemnum miniatum Kott (1977). The cyanophyte Oscillatoria spongeliae (Shultz) Hauck was identified as the symbiont of several of the sponges, including D. herbacea. Two other unidentified Oscillatoria species were found in a bristly papillate sponge and in T. miniatum. Chlorophyll a, alone, was present in all the symbionts with the exception of T. miniatum, which contained the cosymbiont Prochloron and where chlorophyll b was also present. Two phycoerythrins were isolated by chromatography and chromatofocusing. Both resembled C-phycoerythrin, but one of the two carried the chromophore phycourobilin as well as phycoerythrobilin possibly on both the α and β subunits, which had apparent molecular masses of 18 and 20 kdaltons. No γ subunit was present. Ultrastructurally, the three Oscillatoria species were distinguished by an unusual type of parallel, longitudinal, thylakoid organisation; the arrangement was different in detail in each species. © 1987 Springer-Verlag.
Leitch, EC & Scheibner, E 1987, 'Terrane accretion and orogenic belts', Terrane accretion and orogenic belts.
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Most of the 28 papers were presented at the 3rd Circum-Pacific terrane conference, Sydney, Australia, in 1985. Contributions (abstracted separately) span the broad field of geology, from geophysics to paleontology, and show both the unifying elements of terrane analysis and the necessity in terrane studies of considering a great range of geological information. The regional bias is towards Australia and the SW Pacific. -after Editors
Leitch, EC & Scheibner, E 1987, 'Terrane accretion and orogenic belts', Terrane accretion and orogenic belts.
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Most of the 28 papers were presented at the 3rd Circum-Pacific terrane conference, Sydney, Australia, in 1985. Contributions (abstracted separately) span the broad field of geology, from geophysics to paleontology, and show both the unifying elements of terrane analysis and the necessity in terrane studies of considering a great range of geological information. The regional bias is towards Australia and the SW Pacific. -after Editors
Leslie, LM, Holland, GJ & Lynch, AH 1987, 'Australian East-Coast Cyclones. Part II: Numerical Modeling Study', Monthly Weather Review, vol. 115, no. 12, pp. 3037-3054.
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LISKE, H & PLATEN, E 1987, 'SIMULATION STUDIES ON TIME DISCRETE DIFFUSION APPROXIMATIONS', MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTERS IN SIMULATION, vol. 29, no. 3-4, pp. 253-260.
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LLEWELLYN, DJ, FINNEGAN, EJ, ELLIS, JG, DENNIS, ES & PEACOCK, WJ 1987, 'STRUCTURE AND EXPRESSION OF AN ALCOHOL-DEHYDROGENASE 1-GENE FROM PISUM-SATIVUM (CV GREENFEAST)', JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR BIOLOGY, vol. 195, no. 1, pp. 115-123.
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MEEKSWAGNER, DR, DENNIS, ES & PEACOCK, WJ 1987, 'MOLECULAR GENETIC-ANALYSIS OF FLORAL DIFFERENTIATION', JOURNAL OF CELLULAR BIOCHEMISTRY, pp. 21-21.
Morris, JG, Wright, AC, Roberts, DM, Wood, PK, Simpson, LM & Oliver, JD 1987, 'Identification of environmental Vibrio vulnificus isolates with a DNA probe for the cytotoxin-hemolysin gene', Applied and Environmental Microbiology, vol. 53, no. 1, pp. 193-195.
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We screened 44 lactose-positive Vibrio strains isolated from the marine environment for homology with a 3.2-kilobase DNA fragment encoding the Vibrio vulnificus cytotoxin-hemolysin gene. All 29 marine isolates identified as V. vulnificus on the basis of numerical taxonomy and DNA-DNA hybridization studies hybridized with the cytotoxin gene probe, as did all V. vulnificus reference strains. Homologous gene sequences were identified in no other lactose-positive marine vibrio isolates nor in 10 other Vibrio species.
O'Neill, C 1987, 'Embryo-derived platelet activating factor: A preimplantation embryo mediator of maternal recognition of pregnancy', Domestic Animal Endocrinology, vol. 4, no. 2, pp. 69-85.
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PEACOCK, WJ, DENNIS, ES, FINNEGAN, EJ, PETERSON, TA & TAYLOR, BH 1987, 'ASPECTS OF THE AC/DS TRANSPOSABLE ELEMENT SYSTEM IN MAIZE', JOURNAL OF CELL SCIENCE, pp. 123-138.
PLATEN, E 1987, 'DERIVATIVE FREE NUMERICAL-METHODS FOR STOCHASTIC DIFFERENTIAL-EQUATIONS', LECTURE NOTES IN CONTROL AND INFORMATION SCIENCES, vol. 96, pp. 187-193.
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Price, RR, Pickens, DR, Smith, G, Patton, JA, Partain, CL, James, AE, Dwyer III, SJ & Schneider, RH 1987, '<title>Blood Flow Assessment With Magnetic Resonance Imaging</title>', SPIE Proceedings, vol. 0767, pp. 47-54.
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MR techniques for producing flow related images of vessels are generally grouped into two categories: (1) wash-out methods and (2) phase-encoding methods. Wash-out images of arterial flow generally utilize rapid imaging to produce flow related enhancement. Phase-encoding methods rely upon the effects of phase shifts resulting from motion along a field gradient to produce flow dependent signal differences. We present the results of experiments which utilized the phase-encoding technique to produce flow images in dogs and normal volunteers. © 1987 SPIE.
RAISON, RL & EDMUNDSON, AB 1987, 'LOCALIZATION OF AN IDIOTOPE ON THE L-CHAIN DIMER AND INTACT IGG1 IMMUNOGLOBULIN FROM THE PATIENT MCG', MOLECULAR IMMUNOLOGY, vol. 24, no. 9, pp. 937-943.
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RAISON, RL, GILBERTSON, P & WOTHERSPOON, J 1987, 'CELLULAR-REQUIREMENTS FOR MIXED LEUKOCYTE REACTIVITY IN THE CYCLOSTOME, EPTATRETUS-STOUTII', IMMUNOLOGY AND CELL BIOLOGY, vol. 65, pp. 183-188.
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RICE, S 1987, 'The behavioral effects of perinatal methimazole administration in Swiss Webster mice*1', Fundamental and Applied Toxicology, vol. 8, no. 4, pp. 531-540.
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Methimazole was tested for use as a positive control agent in behavioral studies of mice. Continuous administration of the antithyroid agent via drinking water (0.1 mg/ml) from Day 16 of pregnancy through Day 10 postpartum produced developmental delays in mice offspring. Ten methimazole and 12 untreated litters were studied. Developmental milestones were unaltered; i.e., time of pinna detachment, incisor eruption, eye opening, vaginal patency, and testicular descent were not different between groups. Mean body weights of methimazole offspring were consistently reduced, but significant differences were isolated to a few days in the preweaning period and a few weeks during the postweaning period. There was no enduring effect. All preweaning tests showed some significant treatment-related changes; methimazole pups were developmentally delayed. Surface righting time was increased while time pivoting and the number of quadrants traveled were decreased in methimazole pups. Negative geotaxis showed significant treatment-related increases in the time to orient 180 degrees uphill, the percentage of pups orienting 180 degrees uphill, and the percentage of pups orienting less than 180 degrees. Ontogeny of swimming ability also showed significant delays. The only postweaning test evaluated, time on a rotating rod, showed no treatment-related effects. Brain weights Postnatal Day (PND) 120 were not different between groups. In this study, methimazole produced developmental delays in mice that were detectable by behavioral tests. Thus, methimazole has potential as a positive control agent for mice, not only to validate preweaning test sensitivity, but also to validate a laboratory's ability to perform preweaning behavioral studies.
Rice, SA, Klessig, DF & Williams, J 1987, 'Multiple effects of the 72-kDa, adenovirus-specified DNA binding protein on the efficiency of cellular transformation', Virology, vol. 156, no. 2, pp. 366-376.
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The early region 2A gene (E2A) of adenovirus types 2 and 5 encodes a 72-kDa DNA binding protein (DBP) which contains two physical domains comprising approximately the amino-terminal one-third and carboxyl-terminal two-thirds of the protein, respectively. Previous work has shown that some Ad5 mutants containing temperature-sensitive (ts) mutations in the carboxyl-terminal domain of DBP, such as Ad5ts125, show a 3- to 8-fold enhanced ability to transform rat cells. We have examined the transformation characteristics of a series of Ad5 E2A deletion mutants, Ad5dl801-5, which encode either no functional DBP or encode truncated, defective DBPs. The E2A deletion mutants transformed rat embryo cells at frequencies similar to wild-type (wt) Ad5. These results suggest that the high transformation phenotype of carboxyl-terminal E2A mutants like Ad5ts125 is not due to the simple inactivation of DBP function, but rather results from an activity possessed by an altered DBP. This hypothesis is supported by the fact that the transformation phenotype of Adsts125 and similar mutants is dominant over the wild-type phenotype. A number of additional Ad2 and Ad5 E2A mutants were examined with respect to their ability to transform primary rat embryo cells. It was found that a carboxyl-terminal E2A mutant, Ad2+ND1ts23, also showed the enhanced transformation phenotype. In contrast, several amino-terminal E2A host-range (hr) mutants, originally isolated on the basis of their ability to replicate in monkey cells, transformed rat embryo cells at a frequency similar to wild-type virus. Ad2ts400, and E2A mutant with alterations in both DBP domains, showed a wild-type frequency of transformation, while two similar mutants, Ad5ts125 X 405 and Ad5ts125 X 404, showed an enhanced frequency. Last, it was found that coinfection of primary rat embryo cells with the hr mutants plus Ad5ts125 or Ad2+ND1ts23 resulted in a wild-type frequency of transformation, demonstrating that the hr mutant...
Rice, SA, Maze, M, Smith, CM, Kosek, JC & Mazze, RI 1987, 'Halothane hepatotoxicity in Fischer 344 rats pretreated with isoniazid', Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology, vol. 87, no. 3, pp. 411-419.
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Male Fischer 344 rats were used to investigate the hepatic effects of exposure to halothane under normoxic conditions (FIO2 = 0.21) in isoniazid-treated rats. Animals were treated with saline or isoniazid (50 mg/kg) for 7 days and then were exposed to either 1% halothane or air for 2 hr. One-half of the rats from each treatment and exposure group were killed 24 hr postexposure; the remaining were killed 4 days postexposure. Twenty-four hours following halothane exposure, serum transaminase levels were significantly elevated in isoniazid- compared with saline-treated rats (i.e., aspartate aminotransferase = twofold; alanine aminotransferase = seven-fold). Cholesterol levels were significantly depressed by halothane exposure in both saline- and isoniazid-treated rats. Other serum parameters indicative of hepatic and renal function were not different: alkaline phosphatase, total protein, total bilirubin, hematocrit, uric acid, creatinine, urea nitrogen, Na+, K+, Ca2+, and inorganic phosphate. Neither saline-treated nor isoniazid-treated rats exposed to air exhibited histologic evidence of hepatic damage. Halothane-exposed rats, however, showed a circumscribed disruption of cellular morphology. The most severe lesions were observed with isoniazid-treated animals with extensive pericentral hepatocellular necrosis and infiltration by leucocytes and Kupffer cells. Serum concentrations of two products of the oxidative metabolism of halothane, trifluoroacetic acid and bromide, were significantly elevated in isoniazid- compared with saline-treated rats. Serum levels of fluoride, a product of reductive metabolism, were not different. These results strongly suggest that hepatic injury following halothane administration can be produced by intermediates of oxidative metabolism.
RYAN, LM 1987, 'ON THE EFFICIENCY OF AGE-ADJUSTED TESTS IN ANIMAL CARCINOGENICITY EXPERIMENTS - RESPONSE', BIOMETRICS, vol. 43, no. 1, pp. 243-244.
Sharpe, AN, Rayman, MK, Malik, N, Beckers, HJ, Delfgou, E, Christian, JHB, Eyles, M, Dodsworth, P, Nafziger, M, Gibbs, PA, Whitehead, E, Lanier, JM, McLaughlin, S, O'Connor, F, Smith, LR, McLeish, D & Malcolm, S 1987, 'ICMSF methods study. XVII. An international comparative study of the direct plate and hydrophobic grid-membrane filter methods for enumeration of Escherichia coli in foods', Canadian Journal of Microbiology, vol. 33, no. 2, pp. 85-92.
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Eight laboratories compared counts of Escherichia coli from naturally or artificially contaminated ground beef, other meats and poultry, vegetables, fish and shellfish, cheese, and diverse sources such as swabs, by the Anderson–Baird-Parker direct plate (DP) and a hydrophobic grid-membrane filter (HGMF) method. For five of the eight laboratories overall counts by HGMF were significantly low (51–83%) compared with those by DP. Counts by HGMF tended to be lower for naturally contaminated samples; several possible causes were investigated. In a subsidiary study, analyst variation in counting HGMF ranged from 0.8–7.3%, with little evidence of effects from counting positive versus negative grid cells or from the fullness of growth or staining intensity.
Simpson, AM & White, IG 1987, 'Interrelationships between motility, c-AMP, respiration and calcium uptake of ram and boar sperm', Animal Reproduction Science, vol. 15, no. 3-4, pp. 189-207.
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Uptake of radioactive calcium by washed ejaculated ram and epididymal boar spermatozoa was inhibited by theophylline and dibutyryl cyclic AMP (diBc-AMP) which increases cyclic AMP (c-AMP) levels in cells, by the uncouplers 2,4-dinitrophenol (2,4-DNP) and carbonylcyanide m-chlorophenylhydrazone (CCP), by sodium azide, rotenone and antimycin A and by ruthenium red and La3+. Nicotine, eserine and ouabain stimulated the calcium uptake of caput boar sperm and decamethonium inhibited it. Inhibition of calcium uptake was accompanied by a decrease in oxygen uptake in the case of the metabolic inhibitors (rotenone, antimycin A and sodium azide) and substances that interfere with cell calcium transport (ruthenium red and La3+). Respiration was increased in the presence of 2,4-DNP and CCP, and theophylline and diBc-AMP. The phosphodiesterase inhibitors (caffeine and theophylline), diBc-AMP, 2,4-DNP, bicarbonate ion and ouabain increased the motility of caput boar sperm. Most other substances depressed motility. The ionophore A23187 severely inhibited the motility of ram and boar sperm with an accompanying increase in their calcium and oxygen uptake which was largely unaffected by addition of inhibitors, activators and surfactants. This may be explained by the operation of competing mitochondrial and plasma membrane pumps. However, a selective increase in the permeability of the sperm plasma membrane on addition of the polyene antibiotic filipin released calcium accumulated in the presence of A23187. This provides further evidence for the lack of mitochondrial involvement in the influx of calcium produced by the ionophore.
Simpson, AM, Swan, MA & White, IG 1987, 'Calcium Uptake, Respiration, and Ultrastructure of Sperm Exposed to Ionophore A23187', Archives of Andrology, vol. 19, no. 1, pp. 5-18.
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Simpson, AM, Swan, MA & White, IG 1987, 'Calcium uptake, respiration, and ultrastructure of sperm exposed to ionophore A23187', Archives of Andrology, vol. 19, no. 1, pp. 5-18.
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Calcium accumulation by ram sperm in the presence of 3.0 μM ionophore A23187 increased greatly when the pH of the medium was raised from 7.5 to 8.5. The increase in calcium uptake was remarkable between pH 7.5 and 8.0 and was paralleled by increased oxygen consumption. There was extensive vesiculation of the plasma membrane and membranes of the acrosome and postnuclear cap of ram sperm incubated with the ionophore and calcium at pH 8.0. The mitochondria of the midpiece contained pale and expanded cristae similar to ATP-deprived mitochondria in the 'condensed' configuration. Such changes were not observed in ram sperm incubated under similar conditions at pH 7.0. The ionophore-induced calcium and oxygen uptake of cauda and caput epididymal boar sperm also increased with increased pH, but the effect commenced at a lower pH. Controls cauda epididymal boar sperm (i.e. without ionophore) had higher oxygen uptake, glucose breakdown, and lactic acid production than caput sperm. The influence of pH on the operation of the membrane calcium pumps between ram boar sperm indicates species differences.
Simpson, AM, Swan, MA & White, IG 1987, 'Susceptibility of epididymal boar sperm to cold shock and protective action of phosphatidylcholine', Gamete Research, vol. 17, no. 4, pp. 355-373.
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AbstractRapidly cooling (cold shocking) washed cauda boar sperm irreversibly reduced motility and respiration and greatly increased the uptake of 45Ca2+; the plasma membranes were removed and the acrosomes detached from nuclei. The motility, respiration, and calcium uptake of the less mature caput sperm were largely unaffected; and there was little damage to the ultrastructure. This indicates that boar sperm becomes less resistant to cold shock as they mature in the epididymis.The oxygen uptake, glucose breakdown, and lactic acid production of control caput sperm was less than that of cauda sperm. This suggest that the maturation of sperm in the epididymis of the boar involves an increase in both the glycolytic and oxidative phases of glucose metabolism.The presence of 2.0 mg/ml phosphatidylcholine (lecithin) in the medium prevented ultrastructural damage to cauda sperm on cold shock, and motility and respiration were maintained at levels similar to those of control sperm. Although the presence of phospholipid reduced the large calcium influx following cold shock, it was still greater that that of control sperm.The “protective” effect against cold shock was not maintained after rewashing the sperm free of phosphatidylcholine prior to cold shock, indicating a fairly “loose” interaction of the phospholipid with boar sperm membranes that was easily disrupted.
Simpson, DG, Carroll, RJ & Ruppert, D 1987, '$M$-Estimation for Discrete Data: Asymptotic Distribution Theory and Implications', The Annals of Statistics, vol. 15, no. 2, pp. 657-669.
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SMITH, GB 1987, 'PHOTORESPONSE IN AMORPHOUS-SEMICONDUCTORS AS DARK CONDUCTIVITY VARIES', JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS, vol. 62, no. 8, pp. 3380-3387.
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Spinks, NR & O'Neill, C 1987, 'EMBRYO-DERIVED PLATELET-ACTIVATING FACTOR IS ESSENTIAL FOR ESTABLISHMENT OF PREGNANCY IN THE MOUSE', The Lancet, vol. 329, no. 8524, pp. 106-107.
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THORNTON, BS, TODTER, C, BOTTEN, L & CADEN, M 1987, 'MOIRE FRINGE METHODS IN AEROFOIL SAIL SHAPE MEASUREMENT FOR THE KOOKABURRA 12-METER YACHTS', AUSTRALIAN COMPUTER JOURNAL, vol. 19, no. 3, pp. 115-118.
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Torode, HW, Picker, RH, Porter, RN, Robertson, RD, Smith, DH, O'neill, C & Saunders, DM 1987, 'Oocyte pickup by laparoscopy replaced by transvaginal aspiration in an in vitro fertilization program', Journal of in Vitro Fertilization and Embryo Transfer, vol. 4, no. 3, pp. 148-152.
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WALKER, JC, HOWARD, EA, DENNIS, ES & PEACOCK, WJ 1987, 'DNA-SEQUENCES REQUIRED FOR ANAEROBIC EXPRESSION OF THE MAIZE ALCOHOL DEHYDROGENASE-1 GENE', PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, vol. 84, no. 19, pp. 6624-6628.
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