AXIAK, SM, KRISHNAMOORTHY, L, GUINAN, J & RAISON, RL 1987, 'QUANTITATION OF FREE-KAPPA-LIGHT CHAINS IN SERUM AND URINE USING A MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODY BASED INHIBITION ENZYME-LINKED IMMUNOASSAY', JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGICAL METHODS, vol. 99, no. 1, pp. 141-147.
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Batley, M, Redmond, JW, Djordjevic, SP & Rolfe, BG 1987, 'Characterisation of glycerophosphorylated cyclic β-1,2-glucans from a fast-growing Rhizobium species', Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Biomembranes, vol. 901, no. 1, pp. 119-126.
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BOOTH, DJ 1987, 'EFFECT OF GROUP-SIZE ON POPULATION-DYNAMICS OF JUVENILE DOMINO DAMSELFISH (DASCYLLUS-ALBISELLA)', AMERICAN ZOOLOGIST, vol. 27, no. 4, pp. A122-A122.
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Borowitzka, MA & Larkum, AWD 1987, 'Calcification in algae: Mechanisms and the role of metabolism', Critical Reviews in Plant Sciences, vol. 6, no. 1, pp. 1-45.
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BREHMER, L, PLATEN, E, FANTER, D & LIEMANT, A 1987, 'A STOCHASTIC DESCRIPTION OF THE NONEQUILIBRIUM CHARGE-CARRIER TRANSPORT PROCESS IN POLYMER INSULATORS', IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ELECTRICAL INSULATION, vol. 22, no. 3, pp. 245-248.
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BREHMER, L, PLATEN, E, RICHTER, K, FANTER, D & LIEMANT, A 1987, 'ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE AND STOCHASTIC HOPPING TRANSPORT IN POLYMER INSULATORS', ACTA POLYMERICA, vol. 38, no. 6, pp. 374-377.
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BUYSE, M & RYAN, LM 1987, 'ISSUES OF EFFICIENCY IN COMBINING PROPORTIONS OF DEATHS FROM SEVERAL CLINICAL-TRIALS', STATISTICS IN MEDICINE, vol. 6, no. 5, pp. 565-576.
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The Mantel-Haenszel test provides a straightforwdd method to combine results from several clinical trials when only summary information, such as the proportion of deaths, is available for each trial. More efficient tests, such as the stratified logrank test, should be used if the survival and censoring times are known for all individuals, but in practice, the cost and effort of obtaining this information may be prohibitive. The purpose of this paper is to derive a general expression for the asymptotic relative efficiency (ARE) of the Mantel-Haenszel test with respect to the stratified logrank test, and to compute the ARE in situations which rue likely to be of practical interest. The results show that under realistic assumptions about the survival distribution, losses to follow-up and duration of accrual, the ARE frequently exceeds 80 per cent. An example is given to show the usefulness of the approach when combining proportions of deaths from several cancer dinical trials.
Carroll, RJ & Hardle, W 1987, 'Symmetrized Nearest Neighbor Regression Estimates.'.
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Carroll, RJ & Ruppert, D 1987, 'Diagnostics and Robust Estimation When Transforming the Regression Model and the Response', Technometrics, vol. 29, no. 3, pp. 287-299.
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In regression analysis, the response is often transformed to remove heteroscedasticity and/or skewness. When a model already exists for the untransformed response, then it can be preserved by applying the same transform to both the model and the response. This methodology, which we call “transform both sides,” has been applied in several recent papers and appears highly useful in practice. When a parametric transformation family such as the power transformations is used, then the transformation can be estimated by maximum likelihood. The maximum likelihood estimator, however, is very sensitive to outliers. In this article, we propose diagnostics to indicate cases influential for the transformation or regression parameters. We also propose a robust bounded-influence estimator similar to the Krasker-Welsch regression estimator: © 1987 Taylor and Francis Group, LLC.
Cole, L, Coleman, J, Evans, D, Hawes, C & Horsley, D 1987, 'Structure and molecular organisation of higher plant coated vesicles.', Journal of Cell Science, vol. 88, pp. 35-45.
Cole, L, Coleman, JOD, Evans, DE, Hawes, CR & Horsley, D 1987, 'Antibodies to brain clathrin recognise plant coated vesicles', Plant Cell Reports, vol. 6, no. 3, pp. 227-230.
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Davidian, M & Carroll, RJ 1987, 'Variance Function Estimation', Journal of the American Statistical Association, vol. 82, no. 400, pp. 1079-1079.
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DENNIS, ES, BRETTELL, RIS & PEACOCK, WJ 1987, 'A TISSUE-CULTURE INDUCED ADH1 NULL MUTANT OF MAIZE RESULTS FROM A SINGLE BASE CHANGE', MOLECULAR & GENERAL GENETICS, vol. 210, no. 1, pp. 181-183.
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Djordjevic, SP, Chen, H, Batley, M, Redmond, JW & Rolfe, BG 1987, 'Nitrogen fixation ability of exopolysaccharide synthesis mutants of Rhizobium sp. strain NGR234 and Rhizobium trifolii is restored by the addition of homologous exopolysaccharides', Journal of Bacteriology, vol. 169, no. 1, pp. 53-60.
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Several transposon Tn5-induced mutants of the broad-host-range Rhizobium sp. strain NGR234 produce little or no detectable acidic exopolysaccharide (EPS) and are unable to induce nitrogen-fixing nodules on Leucaena leucocephala var. Peru or siratro plants. The ability of these Exo- mutants to induce functioning nodules on Leucaena plants was restored by coinoculation with a Sym plasmid-cured (Nod- Exo+) derivative of parent strain NGR234, purified EPS from the parent strain, or the oligosaccharide from the EPS. Coinoculation with EPS or related oligosaccharide also resulted in formation of nitrogen-fixing nodules on siratro plants. In addition, an Exo- mutant (ANU437) of Rhizobium trifolii ANU794 was able to form nitrogen-fixing nodules on white clover in the presence of added EPS or related oligosaccharide from R. trifolii ANU843. These results demonstrate that the absence of Rhizobium EPSs can result in failure of effective symbiosis with both temperate and subtropical legumes.
ELLIS, JG, LLEWELLYN, DJ, DENNIS, ES & PEACOCK, WJ 1987, 'MAIZE ADH-1 PROMOTER SEQUENCES CONTROL ANAEROBIC REGULATION - ADDITION OF UPSTREAM PROMOTER ELEMENTS FROM CONSTITUTIVE GENES IS NECESSARY FOR EXPRESSION IN TOBACCO', EMBO JOURNAL, vol. 6, no. 1, pp. 11-16.
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ELLIS, JG, LLEWELLYN, DJ, WALKER, JC, DENNIS, ES & PEACOCK, WJ 1987, 'THE OCS ELEMENT - A 16 BASE PAIR PALINDROME ESSENTIAL FOR ACTIVITY OF THE OCTOPINE SYNTHASE ENHANCER', EMBO JOURNAL, vol. 6, no. 11, pp. 3203-3208.
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Evan C. Leitch, Peter.A. Cawood (2) 1987, 'Provenance Determination of Volcaniclastic Rocks: the Nature and Tectonic Significance of a Cambrian Conglomerate from the New England Fold Belt, Eastern Australia', SEPM Journal of Sedimentary Research, vol. Vol. 57, no. 4, pp. 630-638.
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The Murrawong Creek and Pipeclay Creek Formations provide one of the few records of Middle Cambrian-(?) Early Ordovician sedimentation along the eastern Gondwana margin.-from Authors
FALKSON, G, RYAN, LM, JOHNSON, LA, SIMSON, IW, COETZER, BJ, CARBONE, PP, CREECH, RH & SCHUTT, AJ 1987, 'A RANDOM PHASE-II STUDY OF MITOXANTRONE AND CISPLATIN IN PATIENTS WITH HEPATOCELLULAR-CARCINOMA - AN ECOG STUDY', CANCER, vol. 60, no. 9, pp. 2141-2145.
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Of 86 patients entered in an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) random Phase II study of mitoxantrone (DHAD) and cisplatin (DDP) in primary liver cancer, 69 were eligible. Nine of the 13 ineligible patients were excluded after a pathology review. Sixty-one percent of the patients were North American, and 39% were South African. The most common severe or the worst toxicity on DHAD was hematologic; and to DDP, hematologic and vomiting. Of the 69 eligible patients, 21 experienced severe, life-threatening or fatal toxic reactions. Two patients treated with DDP had partial responses. With a 95% confidence interval, the true response rate to DHAD was less than 8%, and to DDP, less than 17%. The median survival time was 14 weeks on both drugs. Assuming a proportional hazards model, factors that are significantly associated with survival are patient performance status, the presence of the symptoms, raised bilirubin and hepatomegaly, and clinical evidence of cirrhosis. Any differences between survival rates for South African and North American patients were largely explainable by these factors.
FINKELSTEIN, DM & RYAN, LM 1987, 'ESTIMATING CARCINOGENIC POTENCY FROM A RODENT TUMORIGENICITY EXPERIMENT', APPLIED STATISTICS-JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL STATISTICAL SOCIETY SERIES C, vol. 36, no. 2, pp. 121-133.
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Rodent tumorigenicity experiments are conducted to determine whether a particular substance accelerates tumour development. The association between exposure to this substance and the risk of tumour development can be characterized by a measure of carcinogenic potency. The most commonly used potency measure, the dose effect on the lifetime risk of tumour, may be seriously biased, especially when control and exposed groups differ with respect to longevity. However, more appropriate measures, which account for age at death, are largely unavailable except in the special cases of instantly lethal or nonlethal tumours or tumours with observable onset. In this paper, we propose an estimate of carcinogenic potency based on a proportonal prevalence odds model which applies regardless of tumour lethality and can be calculated using standard statistical methodologies. Furthermore, we show how our estimator can be used to generalize available potency estimators to tumours of any lethalit
FORD, MJ, FORREST, LF, PEJCEV, V, SMITH, D, SOKHI, RS & ROSS, KJ 1987, 'AN EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION OF THE EJECTED-ELECTRON SPECTRA ARISING FROM AUTOIONIZING AND AUGER TRANSITIONS IN EU-I AND EU-II EXCITED BY ELECTRON-IMPACT FOR THE RANGE OF INCIDENT-ELECTRON ENERGIES FROM 20 TO 500 EV', JOURNAL OF PHYSICS B-ATOMIC MOLECULAR AND OPTICAL PHYSICS, vol. 20, no. 16, pp. 4241-4253.
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Fraedrich, K & Leslie, LM 1987, 'Combining Predictive Schemes in Short-Term Forecasting', Monthly Weather Review, vol. 115, no. 8, pp. 1640-1644.
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Fraedrich, K & Leslie, LM 1987, 'Evaluation of Techniques for the Operational, Single Station, Short-Term Forecasting of Rainfall at a Midlatitude Station (Melbourne)', Monthly Weather Review, vol. 115, no. 8, pp. 1645-1654.
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GERLACH, WL, DENNIS, ES, PEACOCK, WJ & CLEGG, MT 1987, 'THE DS1 CONTROLLING ELEMENT FAMILY IN MAIZE AND TRIPSACUM', JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR EVOLUTION, vol. 26, no. 4, pp. 329-334.
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Gladstone, W 1987, 'Role of female territoriality in social and mating systems of Canthigaster valentini (Pisces: Tetraodontidae): evidence from field experiments', Marine Biology, vol. 96, no. 2, pp. 185-191.
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Sharpnose puffers, Canthigaster valentini (Pisces: Tetraodontidae) at Lizard Island, Australia, live in made-dominated haremic social and mating systems. The hypothesis was that mature females are restricted in their movements and can be monopolized by some males. Field experiments at Lizard Island, Great Barrier Reef, between January and March 1983 showed that mature females were still territorial in the absence of males and movements of females were not controlled by males. Males abandoned their territories when their females were removed. The territorial behavior of those males with access to females (territorial males) restricted the access of other males (bachelor males) to them. Bachelor males took over harems and became territorial males when established territorial males were removed. The results of the experiments thus supported the hypothesis.
Gladstone, W 1987, 'The courtship and spawning behaviors of Cunthigaster valentini (Tetraodontidae)', Environmental Biology Of Fishes, vol. 20, pp. 225-261.
Gladstone, W 1987, 'The eggs and larvae of the sharpnose pufferfish Canthigaster valentini (Pisces Tetraodontidae) are unpalatable to other reef fishes', Copeia, vol. 1987, pp. 227-230.
Greenwood, PE & Novikov, AA 1987, 'One-Sided Boundary Crossing for Processes with Independent Increments', Theory of Probability & Its Applications, vol. 31, no. 2, pp. 221-232.
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HELLER, EJ, REIMERS, JR & DROLSHAGEN, G 1987, 'CLASSICAL AND SEMICLASSICAL APPROXIMATIONS FOR INCOHERENT NEUTRON-SCATTERING', PHYSICAL REVIEW A, vol. 36, no. 6, pp. 2613-2627.
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Holland, GJ, Lynch, AH & Leslie, LM 1987, 'Australian East-Coast Cyclones. Part I: Synoptic Overview and Case Study', Monthly Weather Review, vol. 115, no. 12, pp. 3024-3036.
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HOWARD, EA, WALKER, JC, DENNIS, ES & PEACOCK, WJ 1987, 'REGULATED EXPRESSION OF AN ALCOHOL DEHYDROGENASE-1 CHIMERIC GENE INTRODUCED INTO MAIZE PROTOPLASTS', PLANTA, vol. 170, no. 4, pp. 535-540.
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Huete, A 1987, 'Soil-dependent spectral response in a developing plant canopy', Agronomy Journal, vol. 79, no. 1, pp. 31-68.
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Amajor problem in the use of remote sensing techniques to assess plant biomass and condition over incomplete canopies concerns the soil background contribution toward measured spectral response. An understanding of this soil signal is essential 10 better relate canopy spectra with plant properties. An interactive, plant-soil radiant flux model was developed to separate spectral variations associated with soil background from those attrlbutable to vegetation. Field measured spectra taken over It developing cotton (Gossypinm hirsutum L.) canopy with four soil types (Cumnlic Cryoboroll, Typic TorriHuvent, Ustollic Haplargid, and Typic Calciorthid) alternately inserted underneath were decomposed into soil and vegetation spectra by utilizing the model in It principal component analysis. The soil component included all radiation penetrating the canopy and inter~ acting with the underlying soil. The vegetation compOnent repre· seoted all radiation reflected directly from the plant tover with no soil interaction. The soil component was found to resemble the spectral response of green vegetation due to the scattering and trans-mittance properties of the overlying plant canopy. Results show how the soil signal mixes into various vegetation indices inhibiting reliable vegetation discrimination. The potential improvements in veg· etation analysis that can result from filtering soil background response from planHanopy spectra are also discussed.
Huete, AR 1987, 'Soil and sun angle interactions on partial canopy spectra', International Journal of Remote Sensing, vol. 8, no. 9, pp. 1307-1317.
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The spectral behaviour of an incomplete cotton canopy was analysed in relation to solar zenith angle and soil background variations. Soil and vegetation spectral contributions towards canopy response were separated using a first-order interactive model and consequently used to compare the relative sensitivity of canopy spectra to soil background and solar angle differences. Canopy reflectance behaviour with solar angle increased, decreased or remained invariant depending on the reflectance properties of the underlying soil. Sunlit and shaded soil contributions were found to alter vegetation index behaviour significantly over different Sun angles. © 1987 Taylor & Francis Ltd.
HUETE, AR 1987, 'SOIL-DEPENDENT SPECTRAL RESPONSE IN A DEVELOPING PLANT CANOPY', AGRONOMY JOURNAL, vol. 79, no. 1, pp. 61-68.
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Huete, AR & Jackson, RD 1987, 'Suitability of spectral indices for evaluating vegetation characteristics on arid rangelands', Remote Sensing of Environment, vol. 23, no. 2, pp. 213-&.
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The spectral behavior of an arid, Lehmann lovegrass (Eragrostis lehmanniana), range canopy with varying quantities of live, green grass, senesced, yellow grass, weathered, gray litter, and different soil backgrounds was analyzed with a ground based radiometer. The analysis included rangeland field plots and artificial mixtures of live and dead grass. Senesced grass and weathered litter were found to significantly alter the spectral response of the range canopy in the first four Thematic Mapper wavebands (0.45-0.52; 0.52-0.60; 0.63-0.69; 0.76-0.90 μm). These influences seriously hampered the utility of spectral vegetation indices in assessing green phytomass levels. Gray litter lowered the response of the green vegetation index (GVI) and perpendicular vegetation index (PVI) while minimally influencing the ratio vegetation index (RVI) and the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI). Yellow, senesced grass increased the greenness response of plots without green vegetation and decreased the greenness response of plots with green vegetation. Higher reflecting soils increased the GVI and PVI response and decreased the RVI and NDVI response of comparable range canopy mixtures. Small amounts of 30 cm tall, green grass (750 kg/ha) could not be detected within a 75 cm tall, senesced grass stand (5000 kg/ha). The results of this study show spectral vegetation indices to be unreliable measures of green phytomass in arid rangelands. A mixture model employing principal component analysis was used to extract a green vegetation signal, but green phytomass detection was not improved. Apparently, the green vegetation signal emerging from range canopies is diminished by the scattering influences of the vertically oriented elements of the senesced grass phytomass. © 1987.
Koop, K & Larkum, AWD 1987, 'Deposition of organic material in a coral reef lagoon, One Tree Island, Great Barrier Reef', Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science, vol. 25, no. 1, pp. 1-9.
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Deposition of organic material was measured at four sites on One Tree Island coral reef using fixed sediment traps. Although no reliable data were obtained for the reef crest area because of problems of resuspension, mean deposition in the backreef area amounted to some 4 g organic C m-2 day-1 whereas in the lagoon it was about 1·5 g C m-2 day-1. This amounted to mean nitrogen deposition rates of 160 and 95 mg N m-2 day-1, respectively. As primary production by turf algae, the principal producers at One Tree Island, has been estimated at about 2·3 g C m-2 day-1 for the whole reef system and the weighted mean carbon deposition is estimated at 2·2 g C m-2 day-1, it is clear that the carbon produced by plants is largely retained in the system. Nitrogen deposition, on the other hand, amounted to only about 60% of that produced by turf algae and it must be assumed that much of this leached into the water during sedimentation. Losses of nitrogen may be minimized by incorporation of dissolved nitrogen by pelagic microheterotrophs which may in turn be consumed by filter feeders before they leave the reef. © 1987.
Larkum, AWD, Cox, GC, Hiller, RG, Parry, DL & Dibbayawan, TP 1987, 'Filamentous cyanophytes containing phycourobilin and in symbiosis with sponges and an ascidian of coral reefs', Marine Biology, vol. 95, no. 1, pp. 1-13.
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A study was made of the ultrastructure and pigment composition of filamentous cyanophytes living in symbiosis with several sponges and a colonial didemnid ascidian collected from the southern end of the Great Barrier Reef, Australia, between 1983 and 1986. The sponges were Dysidea herbacea Keller and several other encrusting sponges which have not been identified; the ascidian was Trididemnum miniatum Kott (1977). The cyanophyte Oscillatoria spongeliae (Shultz) Hauck was identified as the symbiont of several of the sponges, including D. herbacea. Two other unidentified Oscillatoria species were found in a bristly papillate sponge and in T. miniatum. Chlorophyll a, alone, was present in all the symbionts with the exception of T. miniatum, which contained the cosymbiont Prochloron and where chlorophyll b was also present. Two phycoerythrins were isolated by chromatography and chromatofocusing. Both resembled C-phycoerythrin, but one of the two carried the chromophore phycourobilin as well as phycoerythrobilin possibly on both the α and β subunits, which had apparent molecular masses of 18 and 20 kdaltons. No γ subunit was present. Ultrastructurally, the three Oscillatoria species were distinguished by an unusual type of parallel, longitudinal, thylakoid organisation; the arrangement was different in detail in each species. © 1987 Springer-Verlag.
Leitch, EC & Scheibner, E 1987, 'Terrane accretion and orogenic belts', Terrane accretion and orogenic belts.
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Most of the 28 papers were presented at the 3rd Circum-Pacific terrane conference, Sydney, Australia, in 1985. Contributions (abstracted separately) span the broad field of geology, from geophysics to paleontology, and show both the unifying elements of terrane analysis and the necessity in terrane studies of considering a great range of geological information. The regional bias is towards Australia and the SW Pacific. -after Editors
Leitch, EC & Scheibner, E 1987, 'Terrane accretion and orogenic belts', Terrane accretion and orogenic belts.
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Most of the 28 papers were presented at the 3rd Circum-Pacific terrane conference, Sydney, Australia, in 1985. Contributions (abstracted separately) span the broad field of geology, from geophysics to paleontology, and show both the unifying elements of terrane analysis and the necessity in terrane studies of considering a great range of geological information. The regional bias is towards Australia and the SW Pacific. -after Editors
Leslie, LM, Holland, GJ & Lynch, AH 1987, 'Australian East-Coast Cyclones. Part II: Numerical Modeling Study', Monthly Weather Review, vol. 115, no. 12, pp. 3037-3054.
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LISKE, H & PLATEN, E 1987, 'SIMULATION STUDIES ON TIME DISCRETE DIFFUSION APPROXIMATIONS', MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTERS IN SIMULATION, vol. 29, no. 3-4, pp. 253-260.
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LLEWELLYN, DJ, FINNEGAN, EJ, ELLIS, JG, DENNIS, ES & PEACOCK, WJ 1987, 'STRUCTURE AND EXPRESSION OF AN ALCOHOL-DEHYDROGENASE 1-GENE FROM PISUM-SATIVUM (CV GREENFEAST)', JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR BIOLOGY, vol. 195, no. 1, pp. 115-123.
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MEEKSWAGNER, DR, DENNIS, ES & PEACOCK, WJ 1987, 'MOLECULAR GENETIC-ANALYSIS OF FLORAL DIFFERENTIATION', JOURNAL OF CELLULAR BIOCHEMISTRY, pp. 21-21.
Morris, JG, Wright, AC, Roberts, DM, Wood, PK, Simpson, LM & Oliver, JD 1987, 'Identification of environmental Vibrio vulnificus isolates with a DNA probe for the cytotoxin-hemolysin gene', Applied and Environmental Microbiology, vol. 53, no. 1, pp. 193-195.
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We screened 44 lactose-positive Vibrio strains isolated from the marine environment for homology with a 3.2-kilobase DNA fragment encoding the Vibrio vulnificus cytotoxin-hemolysin gene. All 29 marine isolates identified as V. vulnificus on the basis of numerical taxonomy and DNA-DNA hybridization studies hybridized with the cytotoxin gene probe, as did all V. vulnificus reference strains. Homologous gene sequences were identified in no other lactose-positive marine vibrio isolates nor in 10 other Vibrio species.
PEACOCK, WJ, DENNIS, ES, FINNEGAN, EJ, PETERSON, TA & TAYLOR, BH 1987, 'ASPECTS OF THE AC/DS TRANSPOSABLE ELEMENT SYSTEM IN MAIZE', JOURNAL OF CELL SCIENCE, pp. 123-138.
PLATEN, E 1987, 'DERIVATIVE FREE NUMERICAL-METHODS FOR STOCHASTIC DIFFERENTIAL-EQUATIONS', LECTURE NOTES IN CONTROL AND INFORMATION SCIENCES, vol. 96, pp. 187-193.
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Price, RR, Pickens, DR, Smith, G, Patton, JA, Partain, CL, James, AE, Dwyer III, SJ & Schneider, RH 1987, '<title>Blood Flow Assessment With Magnetic Resonance Imaging</title>', SPIE Proceedings, vol. 767, pp. 47-54.
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MR techniques for producing flow related images of vessels are generally grouped into two categories: (1) wash-out methods and (2) phase-encoding methods. Wash-out images of arterial flow generally utilize rapid imaging to produce flow related enhancement. Phase-encoding methods rely upon the effects of phase shifts resulting from motion along a field gradient to produce flow dependent signal differences. We present the results of experiments which utilized the phase-encoding technique to produce flow images in dogs and normal volunteers. © 1987 SPIE.
RAISON, RL & EDMUNDSON, AB 1987, 'LOCALIZATION OF AN IDIOTOPE ON THE L-CHAIN DIMER AND INTACT IGG1 IMMUNOGLOBULIN FROM THE PATIENT MCG', MOLECULAR IMMUNOLOGY, vol. 24, no. 9, pp. 937-943.
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RAISON, RL, GILBERTSON, P & WOTHERSPOON, J 1987, 'CELLULAR-REQUIREMENTS FOR MIXED LEUKOCYTE REACTIVITY IN THE CYCLOSTOME, EPTATRETUS-STOUTII', IMMUNOLOGY AND CELL BIOLOGY, vol. 65, pp. 183-188.
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Savage, AP, Matthews, JL, Ghatei, MA, Cooke, T & Bloom, SR 1987, 'Enteroglucagon and experimental intestinal carcinogenesis in the rat.', Gut, vol. 28, no. 1, pp. 33-39.
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To assess the association between the putative intestinal trophic hormone enteroglucagon and the development of intestinal tumours, four groups of 20 rats underwent either jejunal transection or 20%, 50%, or 80% proximal small bowel resection. Tumours were induced with azoxymethane 10 mg/kg weekly for 12 weeks. At 26 weeks there was a promotion of colonic neoplasia from a median of 0.5 (range 0-3) per rat in the transection group to 1.0 (0-3) in the 50% resected group (p less than 0.01) but no significant promotion in the 80% resection group. In the small bowel, increasing resection resulted in a progressive promotion of tumours from a median of 1.0 (range 0-3) per rat in the transection group to 2.0 (0-5) in the 50% resection group (p less than 0.001) and 3.0 (0-11) in the 80% group (p less than 0.01). Plasma enteroglucagon was measured at 2, 16, and 26 weeks and was raised seven-fold in the 80% resected group (p less than 0.001). There was a significant correlation between enteroglucagon concentrations and number of duodenal tumours but not colonic tumours. Crypt cell production rate in the duodenum increased from 11.5 +/- 1.9 to 29.2 +/- 1.4 cells/crypt/h in the 80% resected group (p less than 0.001) and showed a close correlation with both enteroglucagon levels and tumour promotion in the small bowel. There were no changes in crypt cell production rate in the colon with resection. This study shows a close association between enteroglucagon concentrations, promotion of tumours and crypt cell production rate in the duodenum but not in the colon.
Simpson, AM & White, IG 1987, 'Interrelationships between motility, c-AMP, respiration and calcium uptake of ram and boar sperm', Animal Reproduction Science, vol. 15, no. 3-4, pp. 189-207.
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Uptake of radioactive calcium by washed ejaculated ram and epididymal boar spermatozoa was inhibited by theophylline and dibutyryl cyclic AMP (diBc-AMP) which increases cyclic AMP (c-AMP) levels in cells, by the uncouplers 2,4-dinitrophenol (2,4-DNP) and carbonylcyanide m-chlorophenylhydrazone (CCP), by sodium azide, rotenone and antimycin A and by ruthenium red and La3+. Nicotine, eserine and ouabain stimulated the calcium uptake of caput boar sperm and decamethonium inhibited it. Inhibition of calcium uptake was accompanied by a decrease in oxygen uptake in the case of the metabolic inhibitors (rotenone, antimycin A and sodium azide) and substances that interfere with cell calcium transport (ruthenium red and La3+). Respiration was increased in the presence of 2,4-DNP and CCP, and theophylline and diBc-AMP. The phosphodiesterase inhibitors (caffeine and theophylline), diBc-AMP, 2,4-DNP, bicarbonate ion and ouabain increased the motility of caput boar sperm. Most other substances depressed motility. The ionophore A23187 severely inhibited the motility of ram and boar sperm with an accompanying increase in their calcium and oxygen uptake which was largely unaffected by addition of inhibitors, activators and surfactants. This may be explained by the operation of competing mitochondrial and plasma membrane pumps. However, a selective increase in the permeability of the sperm plasma membrane on addition of the polyene antibiotic filipin released calcium accumulated in the presence of A23187. This provides further evidence for the lack of mitochondrial involvement in the influx of calcium produced by the ionophore.
Simpson, AM, Swan, MA & White, IG 1987, 'Calcium Uptake, Respiration, and Ultrastructure of Sperm Exposed to Ionophore A23187', Archives of Andrology, vol. 19, no. 1, pp. 5-18.
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Simpson, AM, Swan, MA & White, IG 1987, 'Susceptibility of epididymal boar sperm to cold shock and protective action of phosphatidylcholine', Gamete Research, vol. 17, no. 4, pp. 355-373.
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AbstractRapidly cooling (cold shocking) washed cauda boar sperm irreversibly reduced motility and respiration and greatly increased the uptake of 45Ca2+; the plasma membranes were removed and the acrosomes detached from nuclei. The motility, respiration, and calcium uptake of the less mature caput sperm were largely unaffected; and there was little damage to the ultrastructure. This indicates that boar sperm becomes less resistant to cold shock as they mature in the epididymis.The oxygen uptake, glucose breakdown, and lactic acid production of control caput sperm was less than that of cauda sperm. This suggest that the maturation of sperm in the epididymis of the boar involves an increase in both the glycolytic and oxidative phases of glucose metabolism.The presence of 2.0 mg/ml phosphatidylcholine (lecithin) in the medium prevented ultrastructural damage to cauda sperm on cold shock, and motility and respiration were maintained at levels similar to those of control sperm. Although the presence of phospholipid reduced the large calcium influx following cold shock, it was still greater that that of control sperm.The “protective” effect against cold shock was not maintained after rewashing the sperm free of phosphatidylcholine prior to cold shock, indicating a fairly “loose” interaction of the phospholipid with boar sperm membranes that was easily disrupted.
Simpson, DG, Carroll, RJ & Ruppert, D 1987, '$M$-Estimation for Discrete Data: Asymptotic Distribution Theory and Implications', The Annals of Statistics, vol. 15, no. 2, pp. 657-669.
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SMITH, GB 1987, 'PHOTORESPONSE IN AMORPHOUS-SEMICONDUCTORS AS DARK CONDUCTIVITY VARIES', JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS, vol. 62, no. 8, pp. 3380-3387.
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WALKER, JC, HOWARD, EA, DENNIS, ES & PEACOCK, WJ 1987, 'DNA-SEQUENCES REQUIRED FOR ANAEROBIC EXPRESSION OF THE MAIZE ALCOHOL DEHYDROGENASE-1 GENE', PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, vol. 84, no. 19, pp. 6624-6628.
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