A Howard, E & S Dennis, E 1984, 'Transposable Elements in Maize the?Activator-Dissociation (Ac-Ds) System', Australian Journal of Biological Sciences, vol. 37, no. 6, pp. 307-307.
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Although unstable mutants in maize (Zea mays) were described as early as 1914 (Emerson 1914, 1917, 1929; Rhoades 1936, 1938), the first explanation of such mutants in terms of transposable DNA was provided by Barbara McClintock's elegant series of experiments on the activator-dissociation (Ac-Ds) controlling-element system of maize (McClintock 1947,1948, 1951). McClintock demonstrated genetically thatAc and Ds were short regions of DNA which could move (transpose) from one chromosomal location to another. McClintock also established that Ds could transpose only in response to the action of Ac (i.e. both elements were required in the same nucleus for Ds transposition), and that Ac could transpose autonomously (i.e. in the absence of Ds). A total of eight transposable element systems have been recognized in maize, the best characterized of which are Ac(Mp)Ds, Spm and Robertson's mutator (reviewed in Fedoroff 1983; Nevers et al. 1984). All but Robertson's mutator occur as two-element systems, similar to Ac-Ds. Transposable elements have now been shown to be widespread in living organisms-occurring in prokaryotes and lower eukaryotes as well as other higher eukaryotes, including animals.
ABBOTT, RD & CARROLL, RJ 1984, 'INTERPRETING MULTIPLE LOGISTIC REGRESSION COEFFICIENTS IN PROSPECTIVE OBSERVATIONAL STUDIES', American Journal of Epidemiology, vol. 119, no. 5, pp. 830-836.
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Arbustini, E, Jones, M, Moses, RD, Eidbo, EE, Carroll, RJ & Ferrans, VJ 1984, 'Modification by the hancock T6 process of calcification of bioprosthetic cardiac valves implanted in sheep', The American Journal of Cardiology, vol. 53, no. 9, pp. 1388-1396.
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BERTRAM, CD & MILTHORPE, BK 1984, 'OPTICAL ENDPOINT SENSING IN AN AUTOMATIC WHOLE-BLOOD CLOTTING TIMER', MEDICAL & BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERING & COMPUTING, vol. 22, no. 5, pp. 401-405.
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Most clotting time estimations are performed manually, although attempts have been made previously to automate them. The two major methods for automatically detecting the formation of the gel-like clot are mechanical (viscometric) and optical. The latter is superior in terms of accuracy of timing and freedom from artefacts but can only be performed on blood plasma. This paper describes a device which combines centrifuging to remove red cells and optical sensing of clot formation into a single operation, therepy giving activated clotting times on a par with those obtained mechanically from whole blood. The system offers the advantage over mechanical sensing that no nondisposable parts come in contact with the blood thereby eliminating e major source of timing errors. The timer works with any liquid coagulation activator, and will also time plasma clotting. The two-chambered design of the cuvette allows the activator to be kept separate from the blood until rotor startup The start of centifugal action mixes the blood and activator and starts the time. Timing is stopped auto matically when the rate of increase of optical density in the plasma, owing to fibrin formation, reaches a predetermined fevel.
BOUX, HA, RAISON, RL, WALKER, KZ, MUSGROVE, E & BASTEN, A 1984, 'THE SURFACE EXPRESSION OF A TUMOR-ASSOCIATED ANTIGEN ON HUMAN KAPPA-MYELOMA CELLS', EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY, vol. 14, no. 3, pp. 216-222.
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Burchett, MD, Field, CD & Pulkownik, A 1984, 'Salinity, growth and root respiration in the grey mangrove, Avicennia marina', Physiologia Plantarum, vol. 60, no. 2, pp. 113-118.
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Relationships between growth parameters and root respiration under various conditions of salinity were investigated in seedlings of the grey mangrove Avicennia marina (Forsk.) Vierh. Growth, root/shoot ratios, leaf succulence and osmotic potential of leaves were measured for seedlings grown for 6–8 weeks in 100, 50, 25 and 0% seawater. Oxygen uptake of root segments, from distal to proximal ends of roots, was measured for all treatments. Total growth was maximal in 25% seawater, highest leaf succulence was obtained in 50% seawater, and highest leaf osmotic potential in 100% seawater. Oxygen uptake in distal root segments, as measured both by Clark oxygen electrode and Warburg manometry, showed a stimulation in the presence of salt that closely paralleled growth stimulation. The rates of respiration were highest in 25% seawater. The oxygen uptake was not stimulated by salt per se, since concentrations higher than 25% were associated with a decline in rate of oxygen uptake from the maximum. Values for the respiratory quotient approximated to one in all treatments. Avicennia marina has been reported to exclude from its roots about 90% of the salt in the surrounding medium. It might have been expected that increased concentrations of salt in the growth medium would be associated with a standard salt respiration response in the roots; however, this was not obtained.
Carroll, RJ & Ruppert, D 1984, 'Comment', Journal of the American Statistical Association, vol. 79, no. 386, pp. 312-313.
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Carroll, RJ & Ruppert, D 1984, 'Power Transformations when Fitting Theoretical Models to Data', Journal of the American Statistical Association, vol. 79, no. 386, pp. 321-321.
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Carroll, RJ & Ruppert, D 1984, 'Power Transformations When Fitting Theoretical Models to Data', Journal of the American Statistical Association, vol. 79, no. 386, pp. 321-328.
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We investigate power transformations in nonlinear regression problems when there is a physical model for the response but little understanding of the underlying error structure. In such circumstances, and unlike the ordinary power transformation model, both the response and the model must be transformed simultaneously and in the same way. We show by an asymptotic theory and a small Monte Carlo study that for estimating the model parameters there is little cost for not knowing the correct transform a priori; this is in dramatic contrast to the results for the usual case where only the response is transformed. Possible applications of the theory are illustrated by examples. © 1984 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.
CARROLL, RJ, SPIEGELMAN, CH, LAN, KKG, BAILEY, KT & ABBOTT, RD 1984, 'On errors-in-variables for binary regression models', Biometrika, vol. 71, no. 1, pp. 19-25.
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Cleland, DR, McDougald, SD & Oliver, JD 1984, 'Substrate Degradation and Pressure Tolerance of Free-Living and Attached Bacterial Populations in the Intestines of Shallow-Water Fish', Applied and Environmental Microbiology, vol. 48, no. 6, pp. 1243-1245.
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Bacterial populations attached to intestinal linings of shallow-water fish were compared to those free in the lumen for response to hydrostatic pressure and ability to degrade a variety of substrates. Results suggested that, unlike reports on gut-associated deep-sea bacteria, the two shallow-water populations were not significantly different in their pressure or substrate responsiveness.
DENNIS, ES & PEACOCK, WJ 1984, 'KNOB HETEROCHROMATIN HOMOLOGY IN MAIZE AND ITS RELATIVES', JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR EVOLUTION, vol. 20, no. 3-4, pp. 341-350.
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DENNIS, ES, GERLACH, WL, PRYOR, AJ, BENNETZEN, JL, INGLIS, A, LLEWELLYN, D, SACHS, MM, FERL, RJ & PEACOCK, WJ 1984, 'MOLECULAR ANALYSIS OF THE ALCOHOL-DEHYDROGENASE (ADHL) GENE OF MAIZE', NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH, vol. 12, no. 9, pp. 3983-4000.
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DENNIS, ES, SACHS, MM, LLEWELLYN, D, ELLIS, J, HOWARD, E, HOWELLS, S, FINNEGAN, J, GERLACH, WL & PEACOCK, WJ 1984, 'EXPRESSION OF THE MAIZE ALCOHOL-DEHYDROGENASE GENES', PROCEEDINGS OF THE AUSTRALIAN BIOCHEMICAL SOCIETY, vol. 16, pp. S32-S32.
DOOLEY, AH & GAUDRY, GI 1984, 'AN EXTENSION OF DELEEUW THEOREM TO THE N-DIMENSIONAL ROTATION GROUP', ANNALES DE L INSTITUT FOURIER, vol. 34, no. 2, pp. 111-135.
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EAMUS, D & JENNINGS, DH 1984, 'Determination of Water, Solute and Turgor Potentials of Mycelium of Various Basidiomycete Fungi causing Wood Decay', Journal of Experimental Botany, vol. 35, no. 12, pp. 1782-1786.
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EAMUS, D & WILSON, JM 1984, 'A Model for the Interaction of Low Temperature, ABA, IAA, and CO2in the Control of Stomatal Behaviour', Journal of Experimental Botany, vol. 35, no. 1, pp. 91-98.
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Eamus, D & Wilson, JM 1984, 'The effect of chilling temperatures on the water relation of leaf epidermal cells of Rhoeo discolor', Plant Science Letters, vol. 37, no. 1-2, pp. 101-104.
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Fandry, CB & Leslie, LM 1984, 'A Two-Layer Quasi-Geostrophic Model of Summer Trough Formation in the Australian Subtropical Easterlies', Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, vol. 41, no. 5, pp. 807-818.
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Fandry, CB & Leslie, LM 1984, 'The effects of vertical shear and stratification on stationary rossby waves', Geophysical & Astrophysical Fluid Dynamics, vol. 29, no. 1-4, pp. 305-332.
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Fandry, CB, Leslie, LM & Steedman, RK 1984, 'Kelvin-Type Coastal Surges Generated by Tropical Cyclones', Journal of Physical Oceanography, vol. 14, no. 3, pp. 582-593.
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Gauntlett, DJ, Leslie, LM & Logan, LW 1984, 'Numerical Experiments in Mesoscale Prediction over Southeast Australia', Monthly Weather Review, vol. 112, no. 6, pp. 1170-1182.
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HAMBLY, BD, DOSREMEDIOS, CG & RAISON, RL 1984, 'MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES TO PURIFIED G-ACTIN', JOURNAL OF ANATOMY, vol. 139, no. AUG, pp. 191-192.
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HAYDEN, GE, RAISON, RL, GOODNOW, CC & WALKER, KZ 1984, 'A CYTOPLASMIC DETERMINANT PRESENT IN CERTAIN TRANSFORMED OR ACTIVATED T-CELLS IS RECOGNIZED BY A MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODY TO FREE KAPPA-CHAINS', IMMUNOBIOLOGY, vol. 167, no. 1-3, pp. 244-244.
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Hogg, PJ & Winzor, DJ 1984, 'Evidence for the preferential interaction of micellar chlorpromazine with human serum albumin', Biochemical Pharmacology, vol. 33, no. 12, pp. 1998-2000.
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Hogg, PJ & Winzor, DJ 1984, 'Quantitative affinity chromatography: Further developments in the analysis of experimental results from column chromatography and partition equilibrium studies', Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics, vol. 234, no. 1, pp. 55-60.
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HOWARD, EA & DENNIS, ES 1984, 'TRANSPOSABLE ELEMENTS IN MAIZE - THE ACTIVATOR-DISSOCIATION (AC-DS) SYSTEM', AUSTRALIAN JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES, vol. 37, no. 5-6, pp. 307-314.
HUETE, AR & MCCOLL, JG 1984, 'SOIL CATION LEACHING BY ACID-RAIN WITH VARYING NITRATE-TO-SULFATE RATIOS', JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY, vol. 13, no. 3, pp. 366-371.
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The influence of the anion composition of simulated 'acid rain' on cation leaching of three soils with different surface-charge properties was examined. Four acid mixtures of H2SO4 and HNO3 all with pH 3.5, but with varying NO3-/SO42- mole ratios of 1.00:0.00, 0.75:0.25, 0.55:0.45, and 0.00:1.00, were used to leach an Ultic-Alfisol, an Oxisol, and an Entisol. The taxonomic names of these three soils are (1) Cornutt series: fine, mixed, mesic Ultic Haploxeralfs, (2) unnamed Rhodustox, and (3) Hanford series: coarse-loamy, mixed, nonacid, thermic Typic Xerorthents. The Alfisol had a high SO42- adsorption capacity because of its high Fe2O3 content of 12 g kg-1 and high point-of-zero charge (PZC) of 6.0. The Oxisol, although strongly weathered, had a lower Fe2O3 content of 5 g kg-1 and PZC of 4.5. The Entisol was relatively unweathered soil derived from silicaceous alluvium, with even less Fe2O3 of 3 g kg-1 and a lower PZC of 3.5, and represented a soil of fixed charge. Cation leaching of the Alfisol varied directly with the NO3- content of the leaching input due to the higher mobility of NO3- compared with SO42- that was adsorbed. The relative NO3-/SO42- contents of inputs had no effects on cation leaching of the Entisol. Effects on leaching of the Oxisol were intermediate between those of the Alfisol and Entisol. It was clearly demonstrated that the anion composition of 'acid rain' plays a significant role in the cation leaching of soils with amphoteric-charge properties, which are able to adsorb SO42-. Some practical implications are also dicussed.
HUETE, AR, POST, DF & JACKSON, RD 1984, 'SOIL SPECTRAL EFFECTS ON 4-SPACE VEGETATION DISCRIMINATION', REMOTE SENSING OF ENVIRONMENT, vol. 15, no. 2, pp. 155-165.
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The influence of soil background on vegetation discrimination in four-band reflectance space was examined. Dry and wet reflectance data were obtained for 20 soils covering a wide range in spectral properties with a hand-held radiometer. Principal components analysis was used to study the distribution of soil spectra in 4-space and to define a mean soil line. Soil-specific background lines were similarly derived and used to examine the overall cloud of soil spectra in individual soil form. Reflectance data from a full-canopy wheat plot were used to compute unit vector coefficients in the greenness direction from the mean soil line and from the individual soil lines. Analysis of the mean soil line showed that it was not possible to discriminate bare soil from low vegetation densities. Greenness measurements were shown to be sensitive to both soil type and soil moisture condition. In contrast, the use of individual soil lines as a base to measure greenness minimized soil background influence and improved vegetation assessment, particularly at low green plant canopy covers. © 1984.
Larkum, AWD, Collett, LC & Williams, RJ 1984, 'The standing stock, growth and shoot production of Zostera capricorni aschers. in Botany Bay, New South Wales, Australia', Aquatic Botany, vol. 19, no. 3-4, pp. 307-327.
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Zostera capricorni Aschers. occurs at many shallow sites in Botany Bay, with the exception of one 5-km section of exposed sandy beach; however, bed distribution is very patchy. Details are given for shoot and underground biomass (g fresh weight), shoot density, leaf length and leaf width at 20 representative sites around the Bay. Z. capricorni was found to grow best between -0.2 and -1.0 m, with a lower limit between -2.0 m (northern side) and -3.2 m (southern side). The mean percentage cover was determined for six large areas in the bay. Shoot biomass (g dry weight) was found to be logarithmically related to percentage cover, whereas shoot density (numbers m-2) was linearly related to percentage cover. Large seasonal changes occurred, with a winter die-back characterised by a 4-fold reduction in shoot biomass and a 2-fold reduction in shoot numbers. Flowering occurred from September to April. An equation is presented for determining the total above-ground stock for an area. The total summer above-ground stock of the bay was estimated at 18 ± 8.1 tonnes for a total area of beds of 309 ha. Mean annual leaf production was estimated to be 5.22 ± 0.52 gDW m-2 day-1 for a representative healthy bed at 0.3 m depth, and leaf plus flower production was 5.86 ± 0.59 gDW m-2 day-1. The total above-ground production for all the beds of the bay was estimated to be 512.7 ± 51.3 tonnes year-1, i.e. 1.66 ± 0.17 tonnes ha-1 year-1. © 1984.
Leitch, EC 1984, 'Island arc elements and arc-related ophiolites', Tectonophysics, vol. 106, no. 3-4, pp. 177-203.
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All major structural elements in island arc systems, fore-arc, magmatic arc, back-arc basins and remnant arcs, are potential ophiolite sources, and those features that allegedly characterise ophiolites of ocean-ridge origin, sheeted dyke complexes, mantling pelagic rocks, hydrothermal metamorphism and associated mineralization, can also arise within arc settings. Age relations are critical in the interpretation of arc-related ophiolites. Remnants of oceanic lithosphere, identified by a pre-arc initiation age, are restricted to fore-arc, magmatic arc and remnant arc elements, as are ophiolite masses generated at the inception of underthrusting. The latter, apparently common in ancient fore-arc terrains, form in nascent arc systems in which the rate of role back of the subduction hinge exceeds the rate of convergence. Spreading occurs above a foundering slab resulting in some arc-like compositional features. In simple arc systems later ophiolitic rocks have formed either in the active back-arc basin or the magmatic arc. Only those ophiolites that have resided within or very close behind magmatic arcs should show calcalkaline or arc tholeiite magmatic affinities, or be intruded or overlain by these rocks. Volcanic-derived sediment or pelagic material may mantle ophiolites from all arc settings, but pelagic rocks will generally dominate in stratigraphic sequences above remnant arcs and on back-arc basin floors except adjacent to the magmatic arc. Ophiolites generated at major ocean ridges are unlikely to be immediately overlain by sediment with a significant volcanic component whereas such detritus may lie directly on arc-inception, arc and back-arc ophiolites. Some arc-derived ophiolites are preserved in their original tectonic position, others can be identified from their internal features, their relationship to other tectonic elements, and the nature of associated rocks. © 1984.
Leitch, EC 1984, 'Marginal basins of the SW Pacific and the preservation and recognition of their ancient analogues: a review.', Marginal basin geology, pp. 97-108.
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Similarities are recognized between the present-day SW Pacific and the formative stage of the N American Cordillera. The Late Mesozoic palaeogeography of the W Alps resembles the complex of small ocean basins and continental fragments W of the Norfolk Ridge, and the Ordovician palaeogeography of central Newfoundland bears close resemblance to the assemblage of back-arc basins, remnant arcs and active arc E from the Norfolk Basin.-from Author
LIM, RP, ABDULLAH, MF & FERNANDO, CH 1984, 'ECOLOGICAL-STUDIES OF CLADOCERA IN THE RICEFIELDS OF TANJUNG KARANG, MALAYSIA, SUBJECTED TO PESTICIDE TREATMENT', HYDROBIOLOGIA, vol. 113, no. JUN, pp. 99-103.
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LOGAN, PF & DYE, TW 1984, 'PHYSICS FOR ANTHROPOLOGISTS', SEARCH, vol. 15, no. 1-2, pp. 30-32.
Mazze, RI, Wilson, AI, Rice, SA & Baden, JM 1984, 'Reproduction and fetal development in rats exposed to nitrous oxide', Teratology, vol. 30, no. 2, pp. 259-265.
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AbstractThe effects of 24 hours of nitrous oxide exposure on reproductive indices and fetal development were examined in Sprague‐Dawley rats. Four different experiments employing four concentrations of nitrous oxide—0.75%, 7.5%, 25% and 75%—established that the threshold of toxicity was greater than 25%. At 75% nitrous oxide there was a significant increase in early and late resorptions, and a consistent teratogenic effect (e.g., runts, occular malformations, limb deformities). Neither the stress of shipping dams while pregnant nor the witholding of food during nitrous oxide exposure resulted in additional adverse effects. Exposure to 25% nitrous oxide was associated with increased deoxyuridine suppression values; however, adverse reproductive effects were not seen at this nitrous oxide concentration. The results of this and other studies which have examined the reproductive and teratogenic effects of nitrous oxide do not contraindicate its use in operating rooms nor, when necessary, as an anesthetic for pregnant surgical patients.
MCPHEDRAN, RC, BOTTEN, LC, MCKENZIE, DR & NETTERFIELD, RP 1984, 'UNAMBIGUOUS DETERMINATION OF OPTICAL-CONSTANTS OF ABSORBING FILMS BY REFLECTANCE AND TRANSMITTANCE MEASUREMENTS', APPLIED OPTICS, vol. 23, no. 8, pp. 1197-1205.
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Miller, AJ & Leslie, LM 1984, 'Short-Term Single-Station Forecasting of Precipitation', Monthly Weather Review, vol. 112, no. 6, pp. 1198-1205.
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Miller, TE, Soho Wing, J & Huete, AR 1984, 'The agricultural potential of selected C4 plants in arid environments.', Journal of Arid Environments, vol. 7, no. 3, pp. 275-286.
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Germination responses of Amaranthus hypochondriacus, A. retroflexus and Portulaca oleracea to both temperature and moisture were determined in growth chambers and contrasted with the response of 2 C3 species, Beta vulgaris var. cicla and Chenopodium album. The C4 species had higher germination percentages over the entire range of temperatures studied. Differences in photosynthetic pathway had no effect on moisture requirements for germination. Dry weight yields increased linearly with soil moisture for both the C4 and the C3 species, but the water-use efficiencies of the C4 species were higher at all watering levels investigated. The photosynthetic pathway of each species had no apparent effect on its productivity in relation to soil salinity. The nutritional standing qualities except for consistently high lysine contents. No advantage was found for C4 plants grown in saline soil. -from Authors
MILLER, TE, WING, JS & HUETE, AR 1984, 'THE AGRICULTURAL POTENTIAL OF SELECTED C-4 PLANTS IN ARID ENVIRONMENTS', JOURNAL OF ARID ENVIRONMENTS, vol. 7, no. 3, pp. 275-286.
Novikov, AA 1984, 'Martingale identities and inequalities and their applications in nonlinear boundary-value problems for random processes', Mathematical Notes of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR, vol. 35, no. 3, pp. 241-249.
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OBERPRILLER, J, FERRANS, V & CARROLL, R 1984, 'DNA synthesis in rat atrial myocytes as a response to left ventricular infarction. An autoradiographic study of enzymatically dissociated myocytes', Journal of Molecular and Cellular Cardiology, vol. 16, no. 12, pp. 1119-1126.
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O'Neill, C & Saunders, DM 1984, 'ASSESSMENT OF EMBRYO QUALITY', The Lancet, vol. 324, no. 8410, pp. 1035-1035.
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PEACOCK, WJ, DENNIS, ES, GERLACH, WL, SACHS, MM & SCHWARTZ, D 1984, 'INSERTION AND EXCISION OF DS CONTROLLING ELEMENTS IN MAIZE', COLD SPRING HARBOR SYMPOSIA ON QUANTITATIVE BIOLOGY, vol. 49, pp. 347-354.
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RAISON, RL & HILDEMANN, WH 1984, 'IMMUNOGLOBULIN BEARING BLOOD LEUKOCYTES IN THE PACIFIC HAGFISH', DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY, vol. 8, no. 1, pp. 99-108.
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Raison, RL, Walker, K, Hayden, G & Goodnow, C 1984, 'Tumor Recognition And Targeting With Monoclonal-antibodies', Proceedings Of The Australian Biochemical Society, vol. 16, pp. 1-1.
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REIMERS, JR & WATTS, RO 1984, 'A LOCAL MODE POTENTIAL FUNCTION FOR THE WATER MOLECULE', MOLECULAR PHYSICS, vol. 52, no. 2, pp. 357-381.
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Reimers, JR & Watts, RO 1984, 'The structure and vibrational spectra of small clusters of water molecules', Chemical Physics, vol. 85, no. 1, pp. 83-112.
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A potential surface for deformable water molecules is constructed using an accurate local-mode intramolecular model together with a realistic semi-empirical intermolecular interaction. Locally stable structures for (H2O)n, n = 2, 3 and 4, are reported and their vibrational frequencies calculated using both normal-mode analysis with variational corrections for anharmonicities, and local-mode analysis. It is shown that experimentally observed changes in vibrational frequencies on cluster formation arise from anharmonic terms in the monomer potential that become significant due to distortions to the equilibrium geometry. Inhomogeneous line shapes are calculated using rigid-rotor theory, linear response theory, non-equilibrium molecular dynamics and a semi-classical method based on classical Monte Carlo trajectory propagation and local-mode spectral analysis. The last method gives a satisfactory description of the density of states in the intramolecular vibrational region of the spectrum. Dipole moment functions including polarisation give infrared intensities in good agreement with available experimental data. © 1984 Elsevier Science Publishers B.V.
REIMERS, JR & WATTS, RO 1984, 'THE STRUCTURE AND VIBRATIONAL-SPECTRA OF SMALL CLUSTERS OF WATER-MOLECULES', CHEMICAL PHYSICS, vol. 85, no. 1, pp. 83-112.
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REIMERS, JR & WATTS, RO 1984, 'THE STRUCTURE, THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES AND INFRARED-SPECTRA OF LIQUID WATER AND ICE', CHEMICAL PHYSICS, vol. 91, no. 2, pp. 201-223.
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Rice, SA & Klessig, DF 1984, 'The function(s) provided by the adenovirus-specified, DNA-binding protein required for viral late gene expression is independent of the role of the protein in viral DNA replication', Journal of Virology, vol. 49, no. 1, pp. 35-49.
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The adenovirus type 2 (Ad2) host range mutant Ad2hr400 grows efficiently in cultured monkey cells at 37 degrees C, but is cold sensitive for plaque formation and late gene expression at 32.5 degrees C. After nitrous acid mutagenesis of an Ad2hr400 stock, cold-resistant variants were selected in CV1 monkey cells at 32.5 degrees C. One such variant, Ad2ts400, was also temperature sensitive (ts) for growth in both CV1 and HeLa cells. Marker rescue analysis has been used to show that the two phenotypes, cold resistant and temperature sensitive, are due to two independent mutations, each of which resides in a different segment of the gene encoding the 72-kilodalton DNA binding protein (DBP). The cold-resistant mutation (map coordinates 63.6 to 66) is a host range alteration that enhances the ability of the virus to express late genes and grow productively in monkey cells at 32.5 degrees C. The temperature-sensitive mutation is in the same complementation group and maps to the same segment of the DBP gene (map coordinates 61.3 to 63.6) as the well-characterized DBP mutant Ad5ts125. Like Ad5ts125, Ad2ts400 is unable to replicate viral DNA or to properly shut off early mRNA expression at the nonpermissive temperature. Two sets of experiments with Ad2ts400 suggest that DBP contains separate functional domains. First, when CV1 cells are coinfected at the nonpermissive temperature with Ad2 plus Ad2ts400 (Ad2 allows DNA replication and entry into, but not completion of, the late phase of infection), normal late gene expression and productive growth occur. Second, temperature shift experiments show that, although DNA replication is severely restricted at the nonpermissive temperature in ts400-infected monkey cells, late gene expression occurs normally. These results indicate that the DBP activity required for normal late gene expression in monkey cells is functional even when the DBP's DNA replication activity is disrupted.
RITCHIE, RJ & LARKUM, AWD 1984, 'CHLORIDE TRANSPORT INENTEROMORPHA INTESTINALIS(L.) LINK', New Phytologist, vol. 97, no. 3, pp. 319-345.
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SummaryRates of36Cl−labelling, efflux and uptake were measured onEnteromorphaplants grown in sea‐water (547 mM Cl−), and also in brackish water medium [Artificial Cape Banks Spring Water (ACBSW), 25.5 mM Cl−, 20.4 mM Na+ and 0.5 mM K+]. Efflux experiments showed that, inEnteromorphaplants grown in seawater, light did not affect Cl−fluxes at the plasmalemma and tonoplast. Typical experiments exhibited two exchanged phases but a significant number (8/32) exhibited a single exchange phase; this was more likely to occur in darkness. Influx experiments also showed no effect of light on the tonoplast flux. Transfer of plants grown and labelled in seawater to low salinity medium caused a rapid loss of36C1−label; however, this was related to the change in osmotic potential of the medium rather than to changes in [Cl−o] or [K+0]. Exchange of36Cl−did not depend on [K+o] in seawater. Cyanide decreased36Cl−uptake in the dark but not in the light. In low salinity medium (ACBSW),36Cl−labelling and the plasmalemma flux inEnteromorphaplants were independent of light; however, the intracellular compartmentation of Cl−differed between light and dark. The tonoplast flux was also greater in the light. Intracellular Cl−was about 300 mmol kg−1in seawater plants and about 159 mmolkg−1in ACBSW plants. The cytoplasmic Cl−concentrati...
RITCHIE, RJ & LARKUM, AWD 1984, 'SODIUM TRANSPORT INENTEROMORPHA INTESTINALIS(L.) LINK', New Phytologist, vol. 97, no. 3, pp. 347-362.
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SummarySodium transport was studied in the marine euryhaline alga,Enteromorpha intestinalisin seawater (465 mM Na+and in low salinity medium [Artificial Cape Banks Spring Water (ACBSW), 25.5 mM Cr, 20.4 mM Na+, 0.5 mM K+]. The intracellular Na+concentration ([Na+1]) ofE. intestinaliswas so low that it was difficult to detect using chemical and22Na+methods. Consequently, intracellular Na+fluxes were also difficult to measure. Most of the Na+of theEnteromorphatissue was bound to the fixed negative charges of the cell wall and this binding has, in previous studies, led to great overestimates of the intracellular Na+of this plant‐Data of22Na+labelling gave lower estimates of the Na+1] than a rinsing technique using isotonic Ca(NO3)2. The overall mean [Na+1] of seawater plants was only 5.5 ± 1.4 mM, with a value of 0.623 ± 0.163 mM Na+in ACBSW plants. With one exception, all the seawater22Na+experiments indicated a single intracellular exchange phase, i.e. a separate vacuolar phase could not be detected. The data on plants grown at low salinity could be interpreted as having either a single intracellular phase or two intracellular phases because of the problem of cell wall Na+exchange. No significant difference was found in total22Na+uptake or exchange fluxes in the light and dark in seawater‐grown plants but the...
Ruppert, D, Reish, RL, Deriso, RB & Carroll, RJ 1984, 'Optimization Using Stochastic Approximation and Monte Carlo Simulation (with Application to Harvesting of Atlantic Menhaden)', Biometrics, vol. 40, no. 2, pp. 535-535.
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SMITH, GB & MCKENZIE, DR 1984, 'DC MAGNETRON GLOW-DISCHARGE AMORPHOUS-SILICON', SOLAR ENERGY MATERIALS, vol. 11, no. 1-2, pp. 45-56.
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SMITH, GB & TEYTZ, K 1984, 'AN IMMERSION COATED MOLYBDENUM BASED SELECTIVE ABSORBER', SOLAR ENERGY MATERIALS, vol. 9, no. 4, pp. 449-458.
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Tyerman, SD, Hatcher, AI, West, RJ & Larkum, AWD 1984, 'Posidonia australis Growing in Altered Salinities: Leaf Growth, Regulation of Turgor and the Development of Osmotic Gradients', Functional Plant Biology, vol. 11, no. 2, pp. 35-35.
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The marine angiosperm Posidonia australis Hook f. is always submerged and the leaf cells are able to exchange ions, gases and water with the surrounding seawater. The base of the youngest lamina is surrounded by sheaths from older leaves and a gradient in cell osmotic pressure existed from the base of the lamina enclosed within the sheath to the emerged zone at the top of the sheath. For plants grown in seawater, the cells at the base of the lamina had an osmotic pressure of 1.34 MPa (seawater = 2.54 MPa); the osmotic pressure increased with distance along the lamina to the emerged lamina value of 3.09 MPa. The osmotic gradient was accounted for by cell concentration gradients of Na+ (73 mol m-3 increasing to 412 mol m-3), K+ (91 mol m-3 increasing to 279 mol m-3) and Cl- (62 mol m-3 increasing to 578 mol m-3). Gradients also existed in the cell concentrations of sucrose and amino acids. It is proposed that, within the solution enclosed by the sheath, a standing osmotic gradient is created by ion uptake from the sheath solution. Leaf growth was unaffected by salinities from 13‰ to 57‰ and net photosynthesis was unaffected by reduction in salinity from 34‰ to 19‰. The cells of the leaves and rhizome adjusted their osmotic pressure by changes in Na+, K+ and Cl- concentrations such that turgor varied only between 0.67 and 1.52 MPa over a range in external osmotic pressures from 0.83 to 3.89 MPa. The tolerance of P. australis to changes in salinity in the absence of severe physical disturbance is due, largely, to the sheath and to the osmotic pressure gradient.
WALKER, KZ, BOUX, HA, GOODNOW, CG, HAYDEN, GE & RAISON, RL 1984, 'THE MEMBRANE EXPRESSION OF NON-HEAVY CHAIN ASSOCIATED KAPPA LIGHT-CHAINS IN NORMAL AND MALIGNANT B-CELLS', IMMUNOBIOLOGY, vol. 167, no. 1-3, pp. 25-25.
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Welsh, M, Carroll, R & Steiner, DF 1984, 'Evidence for signal recognition particle (SRP)-mediated translational control of insulin biosynthesis', Federation Proceedings, vol. 43, no. 6.
